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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

    For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

Commission file number: 001-31775

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland86-1062192
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(IRS employer identification number)
14185 Dallas Parkway
Suite 1200
Dallas
Texas75254
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip code)

(972) 490-9600
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes ¨ No

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). þ Yes ¨ No

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
    
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes þ No
    Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common StockAHTNew York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock, Series DAHT-PDNew York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock, Series FAHT-PFNew York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock, Series GAHT-PGNew York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock, Series HAHT-PHNew York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock, Series IAHT-PINew York Stock Exchange
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share50,196,580
(Class)
Outstanding at August 6, 2024




ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS




PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Investments in hotel properties, net ($131,869 and $122,938 attributable to VIEs).
$2,503,091 $2,951,932 
Contract asset
390,104 — 
Cash and cash equivalents ($3,845 and $2,363 attributable to VIEs)
121,774 165,231 
Restricted cash ($6,480 and $17,346 attributable to VIEs)
124,501 146,079 
Accounts receivable ($221 and $271 attributable to VIEs), net of allowance of $898 and $1,214, respectively
61,319 45,521 
Inventories ($5 and $5 attributable to VIEs)
3,612 3,679 
Notes receivable, net10,846 7,369 
Investments in unconsolidated entities9,265 9,960 
Deferred costs, net ($197 and $218 attributable to VIEs)
1,666 1,808 
Prepaid expenses ($677 and $651 attributable to VIEs)
15,207 12,806 
Derivative assets16,332 13,696 
Operating lease right-of-use assets43,905 44,047 
Other assets ($1,956 and $1,433 attributable to VIEs)
17,677 25,309 
Intangible assets797 797 
Due from related parties, net ($20 and $0 attributable to VIEs)
4,169 — 
Due from third-party hotel managers22,163 21,664 
Assets held for sale— 12,383 
Total assets$3,346,428 $3,462,281 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY/DEFICIT
Liabilities:
Indebtedness, net ($71,576 and $70,073 attributable to VIEs)
$2,758,649 $3,040,951 
Debt associated with hotels in receivership
355,120 355,120 
Finance lease liability18,235 18,469 
Other finance liability ($26,963 and $26,858 attributable to VIEs)
26,963 26,858 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses ($11,140 and $14,405 attributable to VIEs)
134,571 129,323 
Accrued interest payable ($509 and $241 attributable to VIEs)
11,788 12,985 
Accrued interest associated with hotels in receivership
34,984 14,024 
Dividends and distributions payable ($1 and $147 attributable to VIEs)
3,767 3,566 
Due to Ashford Inc., net ($4,289 and $1,396 attributable to VIEs)
7,513 13,261 
Due to related parties, net ($0 and $123 attributable to VIEs)
— 5,874 
Due to third-party hotel managers ($128 and $110 attributable to VIEs)
1,272 1,193 
Intangible liabilities, net1,997 2,017 
Operating lease liabilities44,559 44,765 
Other liabilities3,357 3,499 
Liabilities related to assets held for sale— 14,653 
Total liabilities3,402,775 3,686,558 
Commitments and contingencies (note 17)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership22,972 22,007 
Series J Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, 5,206,397 and 3,475,318 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
119,817 79,975 
Series K Redeemable Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, 357,934 and 194,193 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
8,840 4,783 
Equity (deficit):
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized:
Series D Cumulative Preferred Stock, 1,159,927 and 1,159,927 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
12 12 
Series F Cumulative Preferred Stock, 1,095,244 and 1,175,344 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
11 11 
Series G Cumulative Preferred Stock, 1,503,296 and 1,531,996 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
15 15 
Series H Cumulative Preferred Stock, 1,090,190 and 1,170,325 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
11 12 
Series I Cumulative Preferred Stock, 1,104,023 and 1,160,923 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
11 12 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 400,000,000 shares authorized, 46,757,956 and 37,422,056 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
468 374 
Additional paid-in capital2,389,941 2,382,975 
Accumulated deficit(2,616,339)(2,729,312)
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit) of the Company(225,870)(345,901)
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities17,894 14,859 
Total equity (deficit)(207,976)(331,042)
Total liabilities and equity/deficit$3,346,428 $3,462,281 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
REVENUE
Rooms
$243,605 $293,915 $472,812 $546,870 
Food and beverage
55,260 61,747 112,618 120,738 
Other hotel revenue
16,934 19,316 33,626 35,598 
Total hotel revenue
315,799 374,978 619,056 703,206 
Other
683 771 1,322 1,429 
Total revenue
316,482 375,749 620,378 704,635 
EXPENSES
Hotel operating expenses:
Rooms
54,073 66,035 108,753 125,238 
Food and beverage
37,508 41,910 75,339 81,700 
Other expenses
104,680 118,959 211,506 232,838 
Management fees
11,184 13,773 22,734 26,019 
Total hotel expenses
207,445 240,677 418,332 465,795 
Property taxes, insurance and other
16,846 18,998 34,273 35,535 
Depreciation and amortization
37,187 47,154 77,731 95,009 
Advisory services fee
11,474 12,269 26,675 25,255 
Corporate, general and administrative
7,194 4,904 15,403 7,516 
Total operating expenses280,146 324,002 572,414 629,110 
Gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties
87,441 1,077 94,397 1,053 
Gain (loss) on derecognition of assets
11,725 — 145,634 — 
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)135,502 52,824 287,995 76,578 
Equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities
(162)(181)(695)(577)
Interest income
1,688 2,310 3,672 4,867 
Other income (expense)
37 109 72 243 
Interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs(68,416)(81,097)(142,377)(155,465)
Interest expense associated with hotels in receivership(11,944)(8,493)(24,042)(15,640)
Write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees
(3,796)(950)(3,814)(1,370)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt
— — 45 — 
Realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives1,357 12,583 6,118 7,168 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES54,266 (22,895)126,974 (84,196)
Income tax (expense) benefit
(3,455)(2,062)(3,758)(2,283)
NET INCOME (LOSS)50,811 (24,957)123,216 (86,479)
(Income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities— 17 — 
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership(565)349 (1,418)949 
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY50,254 (24,608)121,815 (85,530)
Preferred dividends
(5,468)(3,752)(10,479)(6,995)
Deemed dividends on redeemable preferred stock(669)(826)(1,351)(1,233)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of preferred stock211 — 1,784 — 
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS$44,328 $(29,186)$111,769 $(93,758)
INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE - BASIC AND DILUTED
Basic:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$1.02 $(0.85)$2.72 $(2.73)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic43,243 34,429 40,850 34,385 
Diluted:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$0.25 $(0.85)$0.77 $(2.73)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted189,364 34,429 153,046 34,385 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(unaudited, in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Net income (loss)
$50,811 $(24,957)$123,216 $(86,479)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
— — — — 
Comprehensive income (loss)
50,811 (24,957)123,216 (86,479)
Less: Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities
— 17 — 
Less: Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership
(565)349 (1,418)949 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the Company
$50,254 $(24,608)$121,815 $(85,530)
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(unaudited, in thousands except per share amounts)
Preferred StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Noncontrolling
Interests In
Consolidated
Entities
Total
Series DSeries FSeries GSeries HSeries I Common Stock
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at March 31, 2024
1,160 $12 1,104 $11 1,532 $15 1,099 $11 1,144 $11 40,167 $402 $2,383,814 $(2,661,080)$16,920 $(259,884)
Equity-based compensation— — — — — — — — — — — — 176 — 27 203 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — — — — — — 40 — — — 
Issuance of common stock— — — — — — — — — — 4,749 47 5,617 — — 5,664 
Issuance of preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series D ($0.53/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (610)— (610)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.46/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (505)— (505)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.46/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (693)— (693)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.47/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (511)— (511)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.47/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (518)— (518)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($0.50/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (2,461)— (2,461)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($0.52/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (170)— (170)
Dividends Declared - Stirling OP— — — — — — — — — — — — — — (4)(4)
Issuance of Stirling OP common units— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 28 28 
Redemption value adjustment— — — — — — — — — — — — — 413 — 413 
Redemption value adjustment – preferred stock— — — — — — — — — — — — — (669)— (669)
Redemption of preferred stock— — — — — — — — — — 486 558 — — 563 
Contributions from noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 931 931 
Extinguishment of preferred stock— — (9)— (29)— (9)— (40)— 1,316 13 (224)211 — — 
Net income (loss)— — — — — — — — — — — — — 50,254 (8)50,246 
Balance at June 30, 20241,160 $12 1,095 $11 1,503 $15 1,090 $11 1,104 $11 46,758 $468 $2,389,941 $(2,616,339)$17,894 $(207,976)
5


Preferred StockRedeemable Noncontrolling
Interests in
Operating
Partnership
Series JSeries K
SharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at March 31, 2024
4,353 $100,192 262 $6,434 $22,300 
Equity-based compensation— — — — 520 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — 
Issuance of common stock— — — — — 
Issuances of preferred stock
871 19,486 101 2,439 — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series D ($0.53/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.46/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.46/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.47/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.47/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($0.50/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($0.52/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared - Stirling OP
— — — — — 
Issuance of Stirling OP common units— — — — — 
Redemption value adjustment— — — — (413)
Redemption value adjustment – preferred stock— 565 — 104 — 
Redemption of preferred stock(18)(426)(5)(137)— 
Contributions from noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities— — — — — 
Extinguishment of preferred stock— — — — — 
Net income (loss)— — — — 565 
Balance at June 30, 20245,206 $119,817 358 $8,840 $22,972 
6


Preferred StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Entities
Total
Series DSeries FSeries GSeries HSeries I Common Stock
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 2023
1,160 $12 1,175 $11 1,532 $15 1,170 $12 1,161 $12 37,422 $374 $2,382,975 $(2,729,312)$14,859 $(331,042)
Purchases of common stock— — — — — — — — — — (32)— (49)— — (49)
Equity-based compensation— — — — — — — — — — — — 496 — 40 536 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — — — — — — 40 — — — — — 
Issuance of common stock— — — — — — — — — — 6,165 62 7,738 — — 7,800 
Issuances of preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series D ($1.06/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,223)— (1,223)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.92/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,014)— (1,014)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.92/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,399)— (1,399)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.94/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,026)— (1,026)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.94/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,054)— (1,054)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($1.00/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (4,473)— (4,473)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($1.03/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (290)— (290)
Dividends declared - Stirling OP
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — (8)(8)
Issuance of Stirling OP common units— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 41 41 
Redemption value adjustment— — — — — — — — — — — — — 1,204 — 1,204 
Redemption value adjustment – preferred stock— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,351)— (1,351)
Redemption of preferred stock— — — — — — — — — — 509 590 — — 595 
Contributions from noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2,979 2,979 
Extinguishment of preferred stock— — (80)— (29)— (80)(1)(57)(1)2,654 27 (1,809)1,784 — — 
Net income (loss)— — — — — — — — — — — — — 121,815 (17)121,798 
Balance at June 30, 20241,160 $12 1,095 $11 1,503 $15 1,090 $11 1,104 $11 46,758 $468 $2,389,941 $(2,616,339)$17,894 $(207,976)
7


Preferred StockRedeemable Noncontrolling
Interests in
Operating
Partnership
Series JSeries K
SharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 2023
3,475 79,975 194 4,783 22,007 
Purchases of common stock— — — — — 
Equity-based compensation— — — — 751 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — 
Issuance of common stock— — — — — 
Issuances of preferred stock
1,749 39,048 170 4,095 — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series D ($1.06/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.92/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.92/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.94/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.94/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($1.00/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($1.03/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared - Stirling OP
— — — — — 
Issuance of Stirling OP common units— — — — — 
Redemption value adjustment— — — — (1,204)
Redemption value adjustment – preferred stock— 1,220 — 131 — 
Redemption of preferred stock(18)(426)(6)(169)— 
Contributions from noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities— — — — — 
Extinguishment of preferred stock— — — — — 
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities recognized upon consolidation of VIE
— — — — — 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests— — — — — 
Net income (loss)— — — — 1,418 
Balance at June 30, 20245,206 $119,817 358 $8,840 $22,972 
8


Preferred StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Noncontrolling
Interests In
Consolidated
Entities
Total
Series DSeries FSeries GSeries HSeries I Common Stock
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at March 31, 2023
1,174 $12 1,251 $12 1,532 $15 1,308 $13 1,253 $13 34,478 $345 $2,384,000 $(2,598,791)$— $(214,381)
Purchases of common stock— — — — — — — — — — (7)— (27)— — (27)
Equity-based compensation— — — — — — — — — — — — 832 — — 832 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — — — — — — 22 — — — — — 
Issuance of preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock –Series D ($0.53/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (620)— (620)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.46/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (576)— (576)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.46/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (706)— (706)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.47/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (614)— (614)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.47/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (588)— (588)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($0.50/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (618)— (618)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($0.51/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (30)— (30)
Redemption value adjustment— — — — — — — — — — — — — (393)— (393)
Redemption value adjustment - preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (826)— (826)
Redemption of preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities recognized upon consolidation of VIE
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 7,961 7,961 
Net income (loss)— — — — — — — — — — — — — (24,608)— (24,608)
Balance at June 30, 20231,174 $12 1,251 $12 1,532 $15 1,308 $13 1,253 $13 34,493 $345 $2,384,805 $(2,628,370)$7,961 $(235,194)
Preferred StockRedeemable Noncontrolling
Interests in
Operating
Partnership
Series JSeries K
SharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at March 31, 2023
502 11,543 34 843 21,617 
Purchases of common stock— — — — — 
Equity-based compensation— — — — 748 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — 
Issuance of preferred stock1,075 23,932 38 899 — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock –Series D ($0.53/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.46/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.46/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.47/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.47/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($0.50/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($0.51/share)
— — — — — 
Redemption value adjustment— — — — 393 
Redemption value adjustment – preferred stock— 802 — 24 — 
Redemption of preferred stock(2)(53)— — — 
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities recognized upon consolidation of VIE
— — — — — 
Net income (loss)— — — — (349)
Balance at June 30, 20231,575 $36,224 72 $1,766 $22,409 

9


Preferred StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Noncontrolling
Interests In
Consolidated
Entities
Total
Series DSeries FSeries GSeries HSeries I Common Stock
SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 2022
1,174 $12 1,251 $12 1,532 $15 1,308 $13 1,253 $13 34,495 $345 $2,383,244 $(2,534,043)$— $(150,389)
 Purchases of common stock — — — — — — — — — — (24)— (83)— — (83)
Equity-based compensation— — — — — — — — — — — — 1,644 — — 1,644 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — — — — — — 22 — — — — — 
Issuance of preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series D ($1.06/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,240)— (1,240)
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.92/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,153)— (1,153)
 Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.92/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,412)— (1,412)
 Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.94/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,227)— (1,227)
 Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.94/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,175)— (1,175)
 Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($1.00/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (751)— (751)
 Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($1.03/share)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (37)— (37)
Redemption value adjustment— — — — — — — — — — — — — (569)— (569)
Redemption value adjustment - preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — (1,233)(1,233)
Redemption of preferred stock
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities recognized upon consolidation of VIE— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 7,961 7,961 
Net income (loss)— — — — — — — — — — — — — (85,530)— (85,530)
Balance at June 30, 20231,174 $12 1,251 $12 1,532 $15 1,308 $13 1,253 $13 34,493 $345 $2,384,805 $(2,628,370)$7,961 $(235,194)
Preferred StockRedeemable Noncontrolling
Interests in
Operating
Partnership
Series JSeries K
SharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 2022
87 $2,004 $44 $21,550 
Purchases of common stock— — — — — 
Equity-based compensation— — — — 1,239 
Issuance of restricted shares/units— — — — — 
Issuance of preferred stock1,490 33,091 70 1,671 — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series D ($1.06/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series F ($0.92/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series G ($0.92/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series H ($0.94/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series I ($0.94/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series J ($1.00/share)
— — — — — 
Dividends declared – preferred stock – Series K ($1.03/share)
— — — — — 
Redemption value adjustment— — — — 569 
Redemption value adjustment – preferred stock— 1,182 — 51 — 
Redemption of preferred stock(2)(53)— — — 
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities recognized upon consolidation of VIE
— — — — — 
Net income (loss)— — — — (949)
Balance at June 30, 2023
1,575 $36,224 72 $1,766 $22,409 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
10


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited, in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income (loss)$123,216 $(86,479)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization77,731 95,009 
Amortization of intangibles(81)
Recognition of deferred income(111)(249)
Bad debt expense1,134 1,502 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)22 23 
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities695 577 
(Gain) loss on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties
(94,397)(1,053)
(Gain) loss on derecognition of assets
(145,634)— 
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt(45)— 
Realized and unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives(6,118)(7,168)
Amortization of loan costs, discounts and capitalized default interest and write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees10,028 11,717 
Equity-based compensation1,287 2,883 
Non-cash interest income(916)(243)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, exclusive of the effect of the consolidation of VIE and disposition of asset and hotel properties and derecognition of assets:
Accounts receivable and inventories(20,403)(10,575)
Prepaid expenses and other assets4,195 (2,435)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses and accrued interest payable7,242 15,849 
Accrued interest associated with hotels in receivership
20,960 1,894 
Due to/from related parties(10,122)2,633 
Due to/from third-party hotel managers(2,363)3,567 
Due to/from Ashford Inc., net(4,803)7,838 
Operating lease liabilities(204)332 
Operating lease right-of-use assets201 (336)
Other liabilities(3)(4)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(38,489)35,289 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Improvements and additions to hotel properties(64,816)(68,005)
Net proceeds from disposition of assets and hotel properties300,022 — 
Payments for initial franchise fees— (149)
Issuance of note receivable
(2,632)— 
Proceeds from property insurance755 327 
Restricted cash received from initial consolidation of VIE— 18,201 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities233,329 (49,626)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Borrowings on indebtedness28,223 99,655 
Repayments of indebtedness(316,418)(257,473)
Payments for loan costs and exit fees(16,598)(9,862)
Payments for dividends and distributions(9,466)(6,674)
Purchases of common stock(49)(90)
Redemption of preferred stock— (53)
Payments for derivatives(15,088)(14,184)
Proceeds from derivatives16,429 31,037 
Proceeds from common stock offerings
7,746 — 
Proceeds from preferred stock offerings42,341 34,680 
Payments on finance lease liabilities(234)(192)
Issuance of Stirling OP common units36 — 
Contributions from noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities
2,979 — 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(260,099)(123,156)
11


Six Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (including cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash held for sale)(65,259)(137,493)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period (including cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash held for sale)
311,534 559,026 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (including cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash held for sale)
$246,275 $421,533 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Interest paid$142,695 $158,928 
Income taxes paid (refunded)1,055 
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
Accrued but unpaid capital expenditures$15,006 $17,888 
Accrued common stock offering costs
66 — 
Accrued preferred stock offering costs13 — 
Non-cash issuance of Stirling OP common units
— 
Non-cash extinguishment of preferred stock5,393 — 
Issuance of common stock from preferred stock exchanges3,609 — 
Non-cash preferred stock dividends816 61 
Unsettled proceeds from derivatives1,319 1,412 
Non-cash derecognition of assets
231,639 — 
Dividends and distributions declared but not paid3,767 3,378 
Consolidation of VIEs (VIE asset/(liability) additions
— (681)
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$165,231 $417,064 
Restricted cash at beginning of period146,079 141,962 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
311,310 559,026 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period included in assets held for sale— 
Restricted cash at beginning of period included in assets held for sale223 — 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period (including cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash held for sale)
$311,534 $559,026 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$121,774 $251,547 
Restricted cash at end of period124,501 167,473 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period246,275 419,020 
Restricted cash at end of period included in assets held for sale— 2,513 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period (including cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash held for sale)$246,275 $421,533 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
12


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)

1. Organization and Description of Business
Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“Ashford Trust”), is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”). While our portfolio currently consists of upscale hotels and upper upscale full-service hotels, our investment strategy is predominantly focused on investing in upper upscale full-service hotels in the United States that have revenue per available room (“RevPAR”) generally less than twice the U.S. national average, and in all methods including direct real estate, equity, and debt. We currently anticipate future investments will predominantly be in upper upscale hotels. We own our lodging investments and conduct our business through Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership (“Ashford Trust OP”), our operating partnership. Ashford OP General Partner LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ashford Trust, serves as the sole general partner of our operating partnership. Terms such as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. and, as the context may require, all entities included in its consolidated financial statements.
Our hotel properties are primarily branded under the widely recognized upscale and upper upscale brands of Hilton, Hyatt, Marriott and Intercontinental Hotel Group. As of June 30, 2024, we held interests in the following assets:
69 consolidated operating hotel properties, which represent 17,087 total rooms;
Four consolidated operating hotel properties, which represent 405 total rooms owned through a 99.3% ownership interest in Stirling REIT OP, LP (“Stirling OP”), which was formed by Stirling Hotels & Resorts, Inc. (“Stirling Inc.”) to acquire and own a diverse portfolio of stabilized income-producing hotels and resorts. See note 2;
one consolidated hotel property under development through a 32.5% owned investment in a consolidated entity;
15.1% ownership in OpenKey, Inc. (“OpenKey”) with a carrying value of approximately $1.3 million; and
an investment in an entity that owns the Meritage Resort and Spa and the Grand Reserve at the Meritage (the “Meritage Investment”) in Napa, California, with a carrying value of approximately $8.0 million.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we have elected to be treated as a REIT, which imposes limitations related to operating hotels. As of June 30, 2024, our 69 operating hotel properties and four Stirling OP hotel properties were leased or owned by our wholly owned or majority owned subsidiaries that are treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries for U.S. federal income tax purposes (collectively, these subsidiaries are referred to as “Ashford TRS”). Ashford TRS then engages third-party or affiliated hotel management companies to operate the hotels under management contracts. Hotel operating results related to these properties are included in the consolidated statements of operations.
We are advised by Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC (“Ashford LLC”), a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., through an advisory agreement. Our 69 operating hotel properties and four Stirling OP hotel properties in our consolidated portfolio are currently asset-managed by Ashford LLC. We do not have any employees. All of the services that might be provided by employees are provided to us by Ashford LLC.
We do not operate any of our hotel properties directly; instead we contractually engage hotel management companies to operate them for us under management contracts. Remington Lodging & Hospitality, LLC (“Remington Hospitality”), a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., manages 50 of our 69 operating hotel properties and three of the four Stirling OP hotel properties. Third-party management companies manage the remaining hotel properties.
Ashford Inc. also provides other products and services to us or our hotel properties through certain entities in which Ashford Inc. has an ownership interest. These products and services include, but are not limited to, design and construction services, debt placement and related services, audiovisual services, real estate advisory and brokerage services, insurance policies covering general liability, workers’ compensation and business automobile claims and insurance claims services, hypoallergenic premium rooms, watersport activities, broker-dealer and distribution services, mobile key technology and cash management services.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation—The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., its majority-owned subsidiaries, and its majority-owned joint ventures in which it has a
13


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
controlling interest. All inter-company accounts and transactions between consolidated entities have been eliminated in these consolidated financial statements. We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements. We believe the disclosures made herein are adequate to prevent the information presented from being misleading. However, the financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2023 Annual Report to Stockholders on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 14, 2024.
Ashford Trust OP is considered to be a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as defined by authoritative accounting guidance. A VIE must be consolidated by a reporting entity if the reporting entity is the primary beneficiary because it has (i) the power to direct the VIE’s activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE. All major decisions related to Ashford Trust OP that most significantly impact its economic performance, including but not limited to, operating procedures with respect to business affairs and any acquisitions, dispositions, financings, restructurings or other transactions with sellers, purchasers, lenders, brokers, agents and other applicable representatives, are subject to the approval of our wholly owned subsidiary, Ashford OP General Partner LLC, its general partner. As such, we consolidate Ashford Trust OP.
815 Commerce Managing Member, LLC (“815 Commerce MM”) is considered to be a VIE, as defined by authoritative accounting guidance. On May 31, 2023, Ashford Trust obtained the ability to exercise its kick-out rights of the manager of 815 Commerce MM, which is developing the Le Meridien hotel in Fort Worth, Texas. As a result, Ashford Trust became the primary beneficiary and began consolidating 815 Commerce MM. During 2023, the Company funded a default loan to the manager of 815 Commerce MM to satisfy a balancing deposit that was required by the property construction lender. The total amount of balancing deposits required by the property construction lender are up to $9.5 million. At June 30, 2024 the Company has funded $9.5 million.
On December 6, 2023, the Company entered into a Contribution Agreement with Stirling OP, a subsidiary of Stirling Inc. Pursuant to the terms of the Contribution Agreement, the Company contributed its equity interests, and the associated debt and other obligations, in Residence Inn Manchester, Hampton Inn Buford, SpringHill Suites Buford and Residence Inn Jacksonville to Stirling OP in exchange for 1.4 million Class I units of Stirling OP.
The Company determined the transaction resulted in Ashford Trust becoming the primary beneficiary of Stirling OP in contemplation of: 1) the related party group comprised of (i) Ashford Trust and (ii) the stockholders who have control over election or removal of the board of directors of Stirling Inc. that have power to direct the most significant activities of Stirling OP; and 2) the consideration that substantially all the economics are held by the Company through its equity interest, and substantially all of the activities are performed on the Company’s behalf. As a result, Ashford Trust began consolidating Stirling OP as of December 6, 2023 and as such, the properties and debt continue to be reflected on the Company's balance sheet at their historical carrying values. As of June 30, 2024 Ashford Trust remains the primary beneficiary and continues to consolidate Stirling OP.
Historical seasonality patterns at some of our hotel properties cause fluctuations in our overall operating results. Consequently, operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024.
14


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
The following transactions affect reporting comparability of our consolidated financial statements:
Property
Location
TypeDate
WorldQuest Resort
Orlando, FLDispositionAugust 1, 2023
Sheraton Bucks County
Langhorne, PA
Disposition
November 9, 2023
Embassy Suites Flagstaff
Flagstaff, AZ
DispositionNovember 29, 2023
Embassy Suites Walnut Creek
Walnut Creek, CA
DispositionNovember 29, 2023
Marriott Bridgewater
Bridgewater, NJ
DispositionNovember 29, 2023
Marriott Research Triangle Park
Durham, NC
DispositionNovember 29, 2023
W Atlanta
Atlanta, GA
DispositionNovember 29, 2023
Courtyard Columbus Tipton Lakes
Columbus, IN
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Old Town
Scottsdale, AZ
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Hughes Center
Las Vegas, NV
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Phoenix Airport
Phoenix, AZ
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn San Jose Newark
Newark, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
SpringHill Suites Manhattan Beach
Hawthorne, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
SpringHill Suites Plymouth Meeting
Plymouth Meeting, PA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Basking Ridge
Basking Ridge, NJ
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Newark Silicon Valley
Newark, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Oakland Airport
Oakland, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Plano Legacy Park
Plano, TX
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Plano
Plano, TX
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
SpringHill Suites BWI Airport
Baltimore, MD
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
TownePlace Suites Manhattan Beach
Hawthorne, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Salt Lake CitySalt Lake City, UTDispositionMarch 6, 2024
Hilton Boston Back Bay
Boston, MA
DispositionApril 9, 2024
Hampton Inn Lawrenceville
Lawrenceville, GA
DispositionApril 23, 2024
Courtyard Manchester
Manchester, CT
DispositionMay 30, 2024
SpringHill Suites Kennesaw
Kennesaw, GA
DispositionJune 10, 2024
Fairfield Inn Kennesaw
Kennesaw, GA
DispositionJune 10, 2024
One Ocean
Atlantic Beach, FL
Disposition
June 27, 2024
Use of Estimates—The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards—In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 is effective for our annual periods beginning January 1, 2024, and for interim periods beginning January 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has not adopted this ASU. The adoption of this ASU is expected to only impact disclosures with respect to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topics 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures to expand the disclosure requirements for income taxes, specifically related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for our annual periods beginning January 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU may be applied prospectively by providing the revised disclosures for the period ending December 31, 2025 and continuing to provide the pre-ASU disclosures for the prior periods, or the amendments may be applied retrospectively by
15


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
providing the revised disclosures for all periods presented. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has not adopted this ASU. The adoption of this ASU is expected to only impact disclosures with respect to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Reclassification—Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
3. Revenue
The following tables present our revenue disaggregated by geographical area (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Primary Geographical MarketNumber of HotelsRoomsFood and BeverageOther HotelOtherTotal
Atlanta, GA Area$14,321 $4,077 $934 $— $19,332 
Boston, MA Area7,974 639 471 — 9,084 
Dallas / Ft. Worth, TX Area14,710 3,969 1,100 — 19,779 
Houston, TX Area6,894 2,509 274 — 9,677 
Los Angeles, CA Metro Area17,912 4,119 1,173 — 23,204 
Miami, FL Metro Area5,899 2,633 345 — 8,877 
Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN Area3,897 1,551 140 — 5,588 
Nashville, TN Area16,003 7,005 1,214 — 24,222 
New York / New Jersey Metro Area11,471 3,513 511 — 15,495 
Orlando, FL Area5,586 366 530 — 6,482 
Philadelphia, PA Area3,631 268 288 — 4,187 
San Diego, CA Area6,158 460 376 — 6,994 
San Francisco - Oakland, CA Metro Area9,943 1,318 333 — 11,594 
Tampa, FL Area7,063 1,908 515 — 9,486 
Washington D.C. - MD - VA Area41,078 7,927 2,414 — 51,419 
Other Areas26 65,344 11,177 5,282 — 81,803 
Disposed properties
21 5,721 1,821 1,034 — 8,576 
Corporate— — — — 683 683 
Total94 $243,605 $55,260 $16,934 $683 $316,482 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Primary Geographical MarketNumber of HotelsRoomsFood and BeverageOther HotelOtherTotal
Atlanta, GA Area$15,072 $4,240 $956 $— $20,268 
Boston, MA Area7,726 776 449 — 8,951 
Dallas / Ft. Worth, TX Area13,880 3,762 1,002 — 18,644 
Houston, TX Area7,173 2,694 200 — 10,067 
Los Angeles, CA Metro Area18,416 4,499 1,095 — 24,010 
Miami, FL Metro Area6,099 2,241 232 — 8,572 
Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN Area3,960 1,463 155 — 5,578 
Nashville, TN Area15,369 7,598 1,032 — 23,999 
New York / New Jersey Metro Area11,122 4,059 703 — 15,884 
Orlando, FL Area6,309 407 525 — 7,241 
Philadelphia, PA Area3,424 281 198 — 3,903 
San Diego, CA Area5,626 349 367 — 6,342 
San Francisco - Oakland, CA Metro Area9,414 1,087 300 — 10,801 
Tampa, FL Area7,495 2,014 468 — 9,977 
Washington D.C. - MD - VA Area39,447 7,274 2,395 — 49,116 
Other Areas26 63,940 11,563 4,625 — 80,128 
Disposed properties (1)
27 59,443 7,440 4,614 — 71,497 
Corporate— — — — 771 771 
Total100 $293,915 $61,747 $19,316 $771 $375,749 
16


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Primary Geographical MarketNumber of HotelsRoomsFood and BeverageOther HotelOtherTotal
Atlanta, GA Area$27,638 $8,254 $1,871 $— $37,763 
Boston, MA Area11,531 1,151 888 — 13,570 
Dallas / Ft. Worth, TX Area28,393 8,845 1,984 — 39,222 
Houston, TX Area13,018 4,986 524 — 18,528 
Los Angeles, CA Metro Area36,853 9,168 2,306 — 48,327 
Miami, FL Metro Area15,116 5,696 703 — 21,515 
Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN 6,446 2,357 274 — 9,077 
Nashville, TN Area29,536 15,139 2,328 — 47,003 
New York / New Jersey Metro Area19,654 7,030 948 — 27,632 
Orlando, FL Area12,530 774 1,140 — 14,444 
Philadelphia, PA Area5,904 483 533 — 6,920 
San Diego, CA Area11,366 778 763 — 12,907 
San Francisco - Oakland, CA Metro Area18,931 2,652 723 — 22,306 
Tampa, FL Area16,696 4,219 1,022 — 21,937 
Washington D.C. - MD - VA Area70,903 13,988 4,576 — 89,467 
Other Areas26 116,691 22,187 9,640 — 148,518 
Disposed properties
21 31,606 4,911 3,403 — 39,920 
Corporate— — — — 1,322 1,322 
Total94 $472,812 $112,618 $33,626 $1,322 $620,378 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Primary Geographical MarketNumber of HotelsRoomsFood and BeverageOther HotelOtherTotal
Atlanta, GA Area$29,029 $8,413 $1,770 $— $39,212 
Boston, MA Area10,782 1,037 865 — 12,684 
Dallas / Ft. Worth, TX Area28,296 9,087 1,893 — 39,276 
Houston, TX Area13,987 5,252 481 — 19,720 
Los Angeles, CA Metro Area37,134 9,384 1,956 — 48,474 
Miami, FL Metro Area14,729 5,078 438 — 20,245 
Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN6,355 2,057 434 — 8,846 
Nashville, TN Area28,586 14,942 1,724 — 45,252 
New York / New Jersey Metro Area19,037 7,737 1,167 — 27,941 
Orlando, FL Area13,235 919 1,016 — 15,170 
Philadelphia, PA Area5,936 573 345 — 6,854 
San Diego, CA Area10,340 646 684 — 11,670 
San Francisco - Oakland, CA Metro Area17,536 2,535 596 — 20,667 
Tampa, FL Area17,342 3,997 922 — 22,261 
Washington D.C. - MD - VA Area67,467 13,157 4,241 — 84,865 
Other Areas26 116,789 22,235 8,349 — 147,373 
Disposed properties (1)
27 110,290 13,689 8,717 — 132,696 
Corporate— — — — 1,429 1,429 
Total100 $546,870 $120,738 $35,598 $1,429 $704,635 
_____________________________
(1)    Includes WorldQuest Resort that was sold on August 1, 2023.
17


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
4. Investments in Hotel Properties, net
Investments in hotel properties, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Land$475,682 $605,509 
Buildings and improvements2,847,066 3,331,645 
Furniture, fixtures and equipment158,765 175,991 
Construction in progress116,537 114,850 
Hilton Marietta finance lease17,269 17,269 
Total cost3,615,319 4,245,264 
Accumulated depreciation(1,112,228)(1,293,332)
Investments in hotel properties, net$2,503,091 $2,951,932 
5. Dispositions and Impairment Charges
Dispositions
On March 1, 2024, the Company received notice that the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B loans have been transferred to a court-appointed receiver.
We derecognized the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B loans from our consolidated balance sheet as of March 1, 2024, when the receiver took control of the hotels, and accordingly recognized a gain of $133.9 million which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized a gain of $11.7 million, which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations. The gain primarily represents the accrued interest expense associated with the default of the KEYS A and KEYS B loans, which results in a corresponding increase of the contract asset on our consolidated balance sheet as we expect to be released from this obligation upon final resolution with the lender. See note 7.
On March 6, 2024, the Company sold the Residence Inn Salt Lake City in Salt Lake City, Utah for $19.2 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $6.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On April 9, 2024, the Company sold the Hilton Boston Back Bay in Boston, Massachusetts for $171 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $117,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On April 23, 2024, the Company sold the Hampton Inn Lawrenceville in Lawrenceville, Georgia for $8.1 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $4.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On May 30, 2024, the Company sold the Courtyard Manchester in Manchester, Connecticut for $8.0 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $2.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On June 10, 2024, the Company sold the SpringHill Suites Kennesaw and Fairfield Inn Kennesaw in Kennesaw, Georgia for $17.5 million in cash. The sales resulted in a gain of approximately $9.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On June 27, 2024, the Company sold the One Ocean Resort and Spa in Atlantic Beach, Florida for $87.0 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $70.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
18


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
The results of operations for disposed and derecognized hotel properties are included in net income (loss) through the date of disposition. See note 2 for the fiscal year 2023 and 2024 dispositions. The following table includes condensed financial information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 from the Company’s dispositions (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Total hotel revenue
$8,577 $71,497 $39,921 $132,696 
Total hotel operating expenses(6,673)(46,160)(29,453)(89,413)
Property taxes, insurance and other(616)(3,692)(3,022)(7,262)
Depreciation and amortization(418)(8,995)(3,770)(18,452)
Total operating expenses
(7,707)(58,847)(36,245)(115,127)
Gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties87,441 — 94,397 — 
Gain (loss) on derecognition of assets
11,725 — 145,634 — 
Operating income (loss)100,036 12,650 243,707 17,569 
Interest income— 51 43 80 
Interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs(1,621)(9,517)(5,588)(18,020)
Interest expense associated with hotels in receivership
(11,944)(8,493)(24,042)(15,640)
Write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees(850)— (838)— 
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt— — 45 — 
Income (loss) before income taxes85,621 (5,309)213,327 (16,011)
(Income) loss before income taxes attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership(1,079)61 (2,677)165 
Net income (loss) attributable to the Company
$84,542 $(5,248)$210,650 $(15,846)
Impairment Charges
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, no impairment charges were recorded.
6. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
OpenKey, which is controlled and consolidated by Ashford Inc., is a hospitality-focused mobile key platform that provides a universal smart phone app and related hardware and software for keyless entry into hotel guest rooms. Our investment is recorded as a component of “investment in unconsolidated entities” in our consolidated balance sheets and is accounted for under the equity method of accounting as we have been deemed to have significant influence over the entity under the applicable accounting guidance. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has made investments in OpenKey totaling approximately $5.5 million.
In November 2022, the Company made an initial investment of $9.1 million in an entity that holds the Meritage Investment in Napa, California. Our investment is recorded as a component of “investment in unconsolidated entities” in our consolidated balance sheets and is accounted for under the equity method of accounting as we have been deemed to have significant influence over the entity under the applicable accounting guidance.
The following table summarizes our carrying value and ownership interest in unconsolidated entities:
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying value of the investment in OpenKey (in thousands)$1,286 $1,575 
Ownership interest in OpenKey15.1 %15.1 %
Carrying value of the Meritage Investment (in thousands)$7,979 $8,385 
The following table summarizes our equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
OpenKey$(180)$(152)$(289)$(302)
Meritage Investment18 (29)(406)(275)
$(162)$(181)$(695)$(577)
19


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
We review our investments in unconsolidated entities for impairment each reporting period pursuant to the applicable authoritative accounting guidance. An investment is impaired when its estimated fair value is less than the carrying amount of the investment. Any other-than-temporary impairment is recorded in equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities. No impairment charges were recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.
7. Indebtedness, net
Indebtedness consisted of the following (in thousands):
IndebtednessCollateralMaturity
Interest Rate
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Mortgage loan (2)
1hotelMay 20244.99 %$— $5,613 
Mortgage loan (3)
1hotelJune 2024
SOFR(1) +
2.00 %8,881 8,881 
Mortgage loan (4)
2hotelsAugust 20244.85 %— 10,945 
Mortgage loan (5)
1hotelNovember 2024
SOFR(1) +
4.76 %86,000 86,000 
Mortgage loan (6)
17hotelsNovember 2024
SOFR(1) +
3.39 %409,750 409,750 
Mortgage loan (7)
1hotelDecember 2024
SOFR(1) +
4.00 %37,000 37,000 
Mortgage loan (8)
1hotelDecember 2024
SOFR(1) +
2.85 %13,683 13,759 
Mortgage loan (9)
2hotelsFebruary 20254.45 %26,319 45,792 
Mortgage loan (10)
8hotelsFebruary 2025
SOFR(1) +
3.28 %335,000 345,000 
Mortgage loan1hotelMarch 20254.66 %22,441 22,742 
Mortgage loan (11)
2hotelsMarch 2025
SOFR(1) +
2.80 %— 240,000 
Mortgage loan (12)
19hotelsApril 2025
SOFR(1) +
3.51 %862,027 862,027 
Mortgage loan (13)
4hotelsJune 2025
SOFR(1) +
4.03 %143,877 143,877 
Mortgage loan (14)
4hotelsJune 2025
SOFR(1) +
4.29 %159,424 237,061 
Mortgage loan (15)
5hotelsJune 2025
SOFR(1) +
3.02 %109,473 119,003 
Mortgage loan (16)
1hotelAugust 2025
SOFR(1) +
3.91 %— 98,000 
Term loan (17)
EquityJanuary 202614.00 %98,212 183,082 
Mortgage loan (18)
2hotelsMay 2026
SOFR(1) +
4.00 %98,450 98,450 
Mortgage loan (11)
1hotelMay 2026
SOFR(1) +
3.98 %267,200 — 
Mortgage loan (19)
4hotelsDecember 20288.51 %30,200 30,200 
Environmental loan (20)
1hotelApril 202410.00 %588 571 
Bridge loan (20)
1hotelDecember 20247.75 %20,898 19,889 
TIF Loan (20)
1hotelAugust 20258.25 %5,609 5,609 
Construction loan (20)
1hotelMay 203311.26 %15,850 15,494 
Total indebtedness$2,750,882 $3,038,745 
Premiums (discounts), net306 (606)
Capitalized default interest and late charges144 396 
Deferred loan costs, net(13,883)(6,914)
Embedded debt derivative21,200 23,696 
Indebtedness, net$2,758,649 $3,055,317 
Indebtedness related to assets held for sale, net
1hotel
February 2025
4.45 %— 14,366 
$2,758,649 $3,040,951 
_____________________________
(1)    SOFR rates were 5.34% and 5.35% at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
(2)    On May 30, 2024, we sold this property for $8.0 million.
(3)    This mortgage loan is in default as of June 30, 2024. The interest rate does not include the default or late payment rate in effect as of June 30, 2024. This mortgage loan has a SOFR floor of 2.0%. The asset securing the mortgage loan was disposed of on July 16, 2024.
(4)     On June 10, 2024, we sold the two properties securing this mortgage loan for $17.5 million.
(5)    This mortgage loan has two one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions.
(6)    This mortgage loan has five one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The fifth one-year extension period began in November 2023.
(7)    This mortgage loan has three one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. This mortgage loan has a SOFR floor of 0.50%.
(8)    This loan has two one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The second one-year extension period began in December 2023.
(9)     On March 6, 2024, we sold the Residence Inn Salt Lake City for $19.2 million. Proceeds from the sale were used to repay $19.0 million in principal.
(10)     This mortgage loan was amended in April 2024. Terms of the amendment included a $10.0 million paydown and added an additional one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The fifth one-year extension period began in February 2024.
(11)     On May 9, 2024, we entered into a new $267.2 million loan secured by Nashville Renaissance. The new mortgage loan is interest only and bears interest at rate of SOFR + 3.98%, has a two-year initial term, and three one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The previous mortgage loan was secured by Nashville Renaissance and Princeton Westin. After the May 9, 2024 refinance, Princeton Westin is unencumbered.
20


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
(12)     This mortgage loan has five one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The fifth one-year extension period began in April 2024.
(13)    This mortgage loan has five one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The fifth one-year extension period began effective June 2024. In accordance with exercising the extension option, the variable interest rate changed from SOFR + 3.90% to SOFR + 4.03%.
(14)    This mortgage loan has five one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The fifth one-year extension period began in June 2024. In accordance with exercising the extension option, we repaid $11.4 million of principal and the variable interest rate changed from SOFR + 4.17% to SOFR + 4.29%. A portion of his mortgage loan relates to One Ocean Resort, which was sold on June 27, 2024, resulting in a $66.2 million paydown. See note 5.
(15) This mortgage loan has five one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions. The fifth one-year extension period began in June 2024. In accordance with exercising the extension the extension option, we repaid $9.5 million of principal and the variable interest rate changed from SOFR + 2.90% to SOFR + 3.02%.
(16) On April 9, 2024, we sold this property for $171.0 million.
(17) On March 11, 2024, we amended this term loan. Terms of the amendment extended the current maturity date to January 2026.
(18) This mortgage loan has two one-year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions.
(19) This loan is associated with Stirling OP. See discussion in notes 1 and 2.
(20)    This loan is associated with 815 Commerce Managing Member, LLC. See discussion in notes 1, 2 and 8.
We recognized net premium (discount) amortization as presented in the table below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Line Item2024202320242023
Interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs$(18)$(4,657)$(879)$(8,830)
The amortization of the net premium (discount) is computed using a method that approximates the effective interest method.
During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company entered into forbearance and other agreements which were evaluated to be considered troubled debt restructurings due to terms that allowed for deferred interest and the forgiveness of default interest and late charges. As a result of the troubled debt restructurings all accrued default interest and late charges were capitalized into the applicable loan balances and are being amortized over the remaining term of the loan using the effective interest method. The amount of the capitalized principal that was amortized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 was $101,000 and $244,000, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the amount of principal amortization was $1.8 million and $4.9 million, respectively. The amount of the capitalized principal that was written off during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 was $8,000 and $8,000, respectively. There was no write off during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023. These amounts are included as a reduction to “interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs” in the consolidated statements of operations.
On June 21, 2023, the Company and Ashford Trust OP (the “Borrower”), an indirect subsidiary of the Company, entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement (“Amendment No. 2”) with certain funds and accounts managed by Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. (the “Lenders”) and Oaktree Fund Administration, LLC. Amendment No. 2, subject to the conditions set forth therein, provides that, among other things:
(i)    the Delayed Draw Term Loan (“DDTL”) commitment expiration date will be July 7, 2023, or such earlier date that the Borrower makes an Initial DDTL draw to be used by the Borrower to prepay certain mortgage indebtedness;
(ii)    notwithstanding the occurrence of the DDTL commitment expiration date, up to $100,000,000 of Initial DDTLs will be made available by the Lenders for a period of twelve (12) months ending July 7, 2024 (none of which was used as of December 31, 2023), subject to the Borrower paying an unused fee of 9% per annum on the undrawn amount;
(iii)    Ashford Trust and the Borrower will be permitted to make certain restricted payments, including without limitation dividends on Ashford Trust’s preferred stock, without having to maintain unrestricted cash in an amount not less than the sum of (x) $100,000,000 plus (y) the aggregate principal amount of DDTLs advanced prior to the date thereof or contemporaneously therewith;
(iv)    a default on certain pool mortgage loans will not be counted against the $400,000,000 mortgage debt threshold amount;
(v)    for purposes of the mortgage debt threshold amount, a certain mortgage loan, with a current aggregate principal amount of $415,000,000, will be deemed to have a principal amount of $400,000,000; and
(vi)    when payable by the Borrower under the Credit Agreement, at least 50% of the exit fee shall be paid as a cash exit fee.
21


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
On March 11, 2024, we entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Oaktree Credit Agreement which, among other items, (i) extends the Credit Agreement to January 15, 2026, (ii) removes the $50 million minimum cash requirement, (iii) removes the 3% increase in the interest rate if cash is below $100 million, (iv) removes the provision in which a default under mortgage indebtedness is a default under the Credit Agreement, (v) increases the interest rate by 3.5% if the principal balance is not less than $100 million as of September 30, 2024 or not fully repaid by March 31, 2025, (vi) terminates all “delayed draw” term loan commitments and the unused fees thereon, (vii) provides for a mandatory prepayment of the Credit Agreement at the end of each calendar quarter in the amount by which unrestricted cash exceeds $75 million for the first three quarters of 2024, $50 million for the fourth quarter of 2024, and $25 million for each quarter thereafter, (viii) provides for a mandatory prepayment of the Credit Agreement in an amount equal to 50% of all net proceeds raised from the issuance of equity, including non-traded preferred stock (increased to 100% of such net proceeds if the principal balance is not less than $100 million as of September 30, 2024 or not fully repaid by March 31, 2025), (ix) removes the option to pay the exit fee in the form of common stock warrants, (x) requires the exit fee to be paid in the form of a 15% cash exit fee (payable entirely in cash), which exit fee shall be reduced to 12.5% if the Oaktree Credit Agreement is repaid on or before September 30, 2024, (xi) requires the Company to use commercially reasonable efforts to sell fifteen specified hotels, (xii) if the principal balance is not less than $100 million as of September 30, 2024 or not fully repaid by March 31, 2025, requires the Company to sell eight specified hotels at a minimum sales price within six months, with the net sales proceeds to be applied as a prepayment of the Credit Agreement, (xiii) requires the Company to use commercially reasonable efforts to refinance the Renaissance Nashville hotel property, and (xiv) limits the Company’s ability to perform discretionary capital expenditures.
The KEYS mortgage loans were entered into on June 13, 2018, each of which had a two-year initial term and five one-year extension options. In order to qualify for a one-year extension in June of 2023, each KEYS loan pool was required to achieve a certain debt yield test. The Company extended its KEYS Pool C loan with a paydown of approximately $62.4 million, its KEYS Pool D loan with a paydown of approximately $25.6 million, and its KEYS Pool E loan with a paydown of approximately $41.0 million. On June 9, 2023 the Company received a 30-day extension to satisfy the extension conditions in order to negotiate modifications to the respective extension tests. On July 7, 2023, the Company elected not to make the required paydowns to extend its KEYS Pool A loan, KEYS Pool B loan and KEYS Pool F loan thereby defaulting on such loans.
On November 29, 2023, the Company completed the deed in lieu of foreclosure transaction for the transfer of ownership of the KEYS Pool F $215.1 million mortgage to the mortgage lender.
On March 1, 2024, the Company received notice that the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B loans have been transferred to a court-appointed receiver. Below is a summary of the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and Pool B loans:
KEYS A Loan Pool
Courtyard Columbus Tipton Lakes – Columbus, IN
Courtyard Old Town – Scottsdale, AZ
Residence Inn Hughes Center – Las Vegas, NV
Residence Inn Phoenix Airport – Phoenix, AZ
Residence Inn San Jose Newark – Newark, CA
SpringHill Suites Manhattan Beach – Hawthorne, CA
SpringHill Suites Plymouth Meeting – Plymouth Meeting, PA
KEYS B Loan Pool
Courtyard Basking Ridge – Basking Ridge, NJ
Courtyard Newark Silicon Valley – Newark, CA
Courtyard Oakland Airport – Oakland, CA
Courtyard Plano Legacy Park – Plano, TX
Residence Inn Plano – Plano, TX
SpringHill Suites BWI Airport – Baltimore, MD
TownePlace Suites Manhattan Beach – Hawthorne, CA
We derecognized the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B loans from our consolidated balance sheet in March 2024, when the receiver took control of the hotel properties, and accordingly recognized a gain of $133.9 million, which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations and recorded a contract asset of $378.2 million, which represented the liabilities we expect to be released from upon final resolution
22


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
with the lenders on the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B mortgage loans in exchange for the transfer of ownership of the respective hotel properties. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized an additional gain of $11.7 million, which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations that increased the contract asset to a total of $390.1 million at June 30, 2024, which is the amount we expect to be released from. The additional gain primarily represents the additional accrued interest expense recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2024. The $180.7 million KEYS Pool A and the $174.4 million KEYS Pool B mortgage loans as well as all accrued and unpaid interest, default charges and late fees will remain liabilities until final resolution with the lenders is concluded, and thus is included in “indebtedness associated with hotels in receivership” and “accrued interest associated with hotels in receivership” on our consolidated balance sheets. On July 2, 2024, the Courtyard Plano Legacy Park and the Residence Inn Plano were foreclosed on at a public auction.
In June 2024, the Company was informed by its lender that the lender intended to exercise remedies for the maturity default on the Ashton Hotel in Fort Worth, Texas, which secures the Company’s $8.9 million mortgage loan. The Company and the lender agreed to a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, which was completed on July 16, 2024.
We have extension options relating to certain property-level loans that will permit us to extend the maturity date of our loans if certain conditions are satisfied at the respective extension dates, including the achievement of debt yield targets required in order to extend such loans. To the extent we decide to extend the maturity date of the debt outstanding under the loans, we may be required to prepay a significant amount of the loans in order to meet the required debt yield.
If we violate covenants in our debt agreements, we could be required to repay all or a portion of our indebtedness before maturity at a time when we might be unable to arrange financing for such repayment on attractive terms, if at all. As of June 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants related to mortgage loans, with the exception of the KEYS Pool A, KEYS Pool B and the Ashton mortgage loans discussed above. We were also in compliance with all covenants under the senior secured term loan facility with Oaktree Capital Management L.P. (“Oaktree”). The assets of certain of our subsidiaries are pledged under non-recourse indebtedness and are not available to satisfy the debts and other obligations of Ashford Trust or Ashford Trust OP, our operating partnership, and the liabilities of such subsidiaries do not constitute the obligations of Ashford Trust or Ashford Trust OP.
In conjunction with the development of the Le Meridien in Fort Worth, Texas, which was consolidated as of May 31, 2023, the Company recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 $1.4 million and $2.7 million of capitalized interest. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded $566,000 and $566,000 of capitalized interest. These amounts are included in “investment in hotel properties, net” in our consolidated balance sheet. See note 4.
8. Note Receivable, Net and Other
As of June 30, 2024, the Company has a note receivable of $10.8 million, which consists of advances of $9.5 million and accrued interest of $1.3 million with the manager of 815 Commerce MM, who also holds a non-controlling interest in 815 Commerce MM. See discussion in note 2. As of June 30, 2024, the Company has a maximum note commitment of up to $9.5 million, which is the total of balancing deposits required by the property construction lender. On July 8, 2024, the Company approved additional funding of approximately $2.5 million. The note bears interest at 18.0% per annum. The note receivable is payable within 30 days after demand. If the manager fails upon demand to repay the note receivable with interest, the Company will have the right to convert the unpaid principal plus all accrued interest thereon to an additional capital contribution in which case the deemed additional capital contributions by the manager will be deemed to have not occurred and the percentage interests and the residual sharing percentages of the members shall be adjusted. The note receivable may be prepaid in whole or in part.
The following table summarizes the note receivable (dollars in thousands):
Interest RateJune 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Note receivable
18.0 %$10,846 $7,369 
23


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
The following table summarizes the interest income associated with the note receivable (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Line Item2024202320242023
Other income (expense)$459 $20 $845 $20 
On September 1, 2022, the Company sold the Sheraton Ann Arbor. Under the purchase and sale agreement, $1.5 million of the sales price is deferred, interest free, until the last day of the 24th month following the closing date (September 30, 2024). The components of the receivable, which is included in “other assets” in the consolidated balance sheet, are summarized below (dollars in thousands):
Imputed Interest RateJune 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Deferred Consideration
Face amount10.0 %$1,500 $1,500 
Discount (1)
(37)(108)
$1,463 $1,392 
_______________
(1)    The discount represents the imputed interest during the interest-free period.
We recognized discount amortization income as presented in the table below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Line Item2024202320242023
Other income (expense)$36 $32 $71 $64 
We review receivables for impairment each reporting period. Under the model, the Company estimates credit losses over the entire contractual term of the instrument from the date of initial recognition of that instrument and is required to record a credit loss expense (or reversal) in each reporting period. Our assessment of impairment is based on considerable management judgment and assumptions. No impairment charges were recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.
9. Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Interest Rate Derivatives—We are exposed to risks arising from our business operations, economic conditions and financial markets. To manage these risks, we primarily use interest rate derivatives to hedge our debt and our cash flows, which include interest rate caps. To mitigate nonperformance risk, we routinely use a third party’s analysis of the creditworthiness of the counterparties, which supports our belief that the counterparties’ nonperformance risk is limited. All derivatives are recorded at fair value. Payments from counterparties on in-the-money interest rate caps are recognized as realized gains on our consolidated statements of operations.
The following table presents a summary of our interest rate derivatives entered into over each applicable period:
Six Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Interest rate caps:
Notional amount (in thousands)$2,183,242 
(1)
$1,704,167 
(1)
Strike rate low end of range3.10 %4.00 %
Strike rate high end of range7.31 %6.90 %
Effective date range
February 2024 - June 2024
February 2023 - June 2023
Termination date range
February 2025 - May 2026
February 2024 - June 2025
Total cost (in thousands)$15,088 $14,184 
_______________
(1)These instruments were not designated as cash flow hedges.
24


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
We held interest rate instruments as summarized in the table below:
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Interest rate caps:
Notional amount (in thousands)$3,474,732 
(1)
$3,351,271 
(1)
Strike rate low end of range2.00 %2.00 %
Strike rate high end of range7.31 %6.90 %
Termination date rangeNovember 2024 - May 2026February 2024 - June 2025
Aggregate principal balance on corresponding mortgage loans (in thousands)$2,521,883 $2,689,927 
_______________
(1)These instruments were not designated as cash flow hedges.
Compound Embedded Debt Derivative—Based on certain provisions in the Oaktree Credit Agreement, the Company is required to pay an exit fee. Under the applicable accounting guidance, the exit fee is considered an embedded derivative liability that meets the criteria for bifurcation from the debt host. There were other features that were bifurcated, but did not have a material value. The compound embedded debt derivative, consisting of the exit fee and other features which were bifurcated, was initially measured at fair value and the fair value of the embedded debt derivative is estimated at each reporting period. See note 10.
10. Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Hierarchy—For disclosure purposes, financial instruments, whether measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis or not measured at fair value, are classified in a hierarchy consisting of three levels based on the observability of valuation inputs in the marketplace as discussed below:
Level 1: Fair value measurements that are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that we have the ability to access for identical assets or liabilities. Market price data generally are obtained from exchange or dealer markets.
Level 2: Fair value measurements based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
Level 3: Fair value measurements based on valuation techniques that use significant inputs that are unobservable. The circumstances for using these measurements include those in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.
The fair value of interest rate caps is determined using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates rose above the strike rates of the caps. Variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts and payments on the caps are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves (SOFR forward curves) and volatilities (Level 2 inputs). We also incorporate credit valuation adjustments (Level 3 inputs) to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk.
When a majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. However, when valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by us and our counterparties, which we consider significant (10% or more) to the overall valuation of our derivatives, the derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Transfers of inputs between levels are determined at the end of each reporting period. In determining the fair values of our derivatives at June 30, 2024, the SOFR interest rate forward curve (Level 2 inputs) assumed a downtrend from 5.340% to 3.877% for the remaining term of our derivatives. Credit spreads (Level 3 inputs) used in determining the fair values of derivatives assumed an uptrend in nonperformance risk for us and all of our counterparties through the maturity dates.
The Company initially recorded an embedded debt derivative of $43.7 million, which was attributed to the compound embedded derivative liability associated with the Oaktree term loan.
25


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
The compound embedded derivative liability is considered a Level 3 measurement due to the utilization of significant unobservable inputs in the valuation, which were based on ‘with and without’ valuation models. Based on the terms and provisions of the Oaktree Credit Agreement, with the assistance of a valuation specialist, the Company utilized a risk neutral model to estimate the fair value of the embedded derivative features requiring bifurcation as of the respective issuance dates and as of the June 30, 2024 reporting date. The risk neutral model is designed to utilize market data and the Company’s best estimate of the timing and likelihood of the settlement events that are related to the embedded derivative features in order to estimate the fair value of the respective notes with these embedded derivative features.
The fair value of the notes with the derivative features is compared to the fair value of a plain vanilla note (excluding the derivative features), which is calculated based on the present value of the future default adjusted expected cash flows. The difference between the two values represents the fair value of the bifurcated derivative features as of each respective valuation date.
The key inputs to the valuation models that were utilized to estimate the fair value of the embedded debt derivative are described as follows:
the default probability-weighted exit fee and prepayment cash flows are based on the contractual terms of the Oaktree Credit Agreement and the expectation of an acceleration event, including default, of the Company;
the risk-free rate of 4.88% was the discount rate utilized in the valuation and was determined based on reference to market yields for U.S. treasury debt instruments with similar terms;
the recovery rate of 61.2% assumed upon occurrence of a default event was estimated based upon recovery rate data published by credit rating agencies specific to the seniority of the notes; and
the probabilities and timing of a default-related acceleration event of 63.8% were estimated using an annualized probability of default which was implied from the debt issuance proceeds as of the issuance date, and updated utilizing relevant market data including market observed option-adjusted spreads as of June 30, 2024.
The following table includes a summary of the compound embedded derivative liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs (in thousands):
Fair Value
Balance at December 31, 2022$23,687 
Re-measurement of fair value934 
Balance at March 31, 202324,621 
Re-measurement of fair value(1,961)
Balance at June 30, 202322,660 
Re-measurement of fair value436 
Balance at September 30, 2023
23,096 
Re-measurement of fair value600 
Balance at December 31, 2023
23,696 
Re-measurement of fair value(2,624)
Balance at March 31, 2024
21,072 
Re-measurement of fair value128 
Balance at June 30, 2024
$21,200 
26


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table presents our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis aggregated by the level within which measurements fall in the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
Quoted Market Prices (Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)Total
June 30, 2024:
Assets
Derivative assets:
Interest rate derivatives - caps$— $16,332 $— $16,332 
(1)
Total$— $16,332 $— $16,332 
Liabilities
Embedded debt derivative$— $— $(21,200)$(21,200)
(2)
Net$— $16,332 $(21,200)$(4,868)
December 31, 2023:
Assets
Derivative assets:
Interest rate derivatives - caps$— $13,696 $— $13,696 
(1)
Total$— $13,696 $— $13,696 
Liabilities
Embedded debt derivative$— $— $(23,696)$(23,696)
(2)
Net$— $13,696 $(23,696)$(10,000)
____________________________________
(1)    Reported as “derivative assets” in our consolidated balance sheets.
(2)    Reported in “indebtedness, net” in our consolidated balance sheets.
Effect of Fair Value Measured Assets and Liabilities on Consolidated Statements of Operations
The following table summarizes the effect of fair value measured assets and liabilities on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Three Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Assets
Derivative assets:
Interest rate derivatives - caps$1,485 $10,621 
Total$1,485 $10,621 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities:
Embedded debt derivative$(128)$1,962 
Net$1,357 $12,583 
Total combined
Interest rate derivatives - caps$(5,873)$(1,345)
Embedded debt derivative(128)1,962 
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives(6,001)
(1)
617 
(1)
Realized gain (loss) on interest rate caps7,358 
(1) (2)
11,966 
(1) (2)
Net$1,357 $12,583 
____________________________________
(1)    Reported as “realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives” in our consolidated statements of operations.
(2)    Represents settled and unsettled payments from counterparties on interest rate caps.
27


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Six Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Assets
Derivative assets:
Interest rate derivatives - caps$3,622 $6,141 
Total$3,622 $6,141 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities:
Embedded debt derivative$2,496 $1,027 
Net$6,118 $7,168 
Total combined
Interest rate derivatives - caps$(12,450)$(15,352)
Embedded debt derivative2,496 1,027 
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives(9,954)
(1)
(14,325)
(1)
Realized gain (loss) on interest rate caps16,072 
(1) (2)
21,493 
(1) (2)
Net$6,118 $7,168 
____________________________________
(1)    Reported as “realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives” in our consolidated statements of operations.
(2)    Represents settled and unsettled payments from counterparties on interest rate caps.
11. Summary of Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Determining estimated fair values of our financial instruments such as notes receivable and indebtedness requires considerable judgment to interpret market data. Market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies used may have a material effect on estimated fair value amounts. Accordingly, estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of amounts at which these instruments could be purchased, sold, or settled. Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments, for periods indicated, were as follows (in thousands):
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying ValueEstimated Fair ValueCarrying ValueEstimated Fair Value
Financial assets measured at fair value:
Derivative assets$16,332 $16,332 $13,696 $13,696 
Financial liabilities measured at fair value:
Embedded debt derivative$21,200 $21,200 $23,696 $23,696 
Financial assets not measured at fair value:
Cash and cash equivalents (1)
$121,774 $121,774 $165,232 $165,232 
Restricted cash (1)
124,501 124,501 146,302 146,302 
Accounts receivable, net (1)
61,319 61,319 45,692 45,692 
Notes receivable, net10,846 
10,846
7,369 
7,369
Due from related parties, net 4,169 4,169 — — 
Due from third-party hotel managers (1)
22,163 22,163 21,681 21,681 
Financial liabilities not measured at fair value:
Indebtedness (1)
$2,751,188 
$2,694,074
$3,038,139 
$2,960,630
Indebtedness associated with hotels in receivership355,120 289,028 355,120 289,028 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (1)
134,571 134,571 129,554 129,554 
Accrued interest payable (1)
11,788 11,788 13,040 13,040 
Accrued interest associated with hotels in receivership34,984 34,984 14,024 14,024 
Dividends and distributions payable3,767 3,767 3,566 3,566 
Due to Ashford Inc., net (1)
7,513 7,513 13,262 13,262 
Due to related parties, net
— — 5,874 5,874 
Due to third-party hotel managers1,272 1,272 1,193 1,193 
____________________________________
(1) Includes balances associated with assets held for sale and liabilities associated with assets held for sale as of December 31, 2023.
28


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. These financial assets bear interest at market rates and have original maturities of less than 90 days. The carrying value approximates fair value due to their short-term nature. This is considered a Level 1 valuation technique.
Accounts receivable, net, accounts payable and accrued expenses, accrued interest payable, accrued interest associated with hotels in receivership, dividends and distributions payable, due to/from related parties, net, due to/from Ashford Inc., net and due to/from third-party hotel managers. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. This is considered a Level 1 valuation technique.
Notes receivable, net. The carrying amount of notes receivable, net approximates its fair value. We estimate the fair value of the notes receivable, net to be approximately 100.0% of the carrying value of $10.8 million at June 30, 2024 and approximately 100.0% of the carrying value of $7.4 million at December 31, 2023. This is considered a Level 2 valuation technique.
Derivative assets and embedded debt derivative. See notes 9 and 10 for a complete description of the methodology and assumptions utilized in determining fair values.
Indebtedness and indebtedness associated with hotels in receivership. Fair value of indebtedness is determined using future cash flows discounted at current replacement rates for these instruments. Cash flows are determined using a forward interest rate yield curve. Current replacement rates are determined by using the U.S. Treasury yield curve or the index to which these financial instruments are tied and adjusted for credit spreads. Credit spreads take into consideration general market conditions, maturity, and collateral. We estimated the fair value of total indebtedness to be approximately 97.9% of the carrying value of $2.8 billion at June 30, 2024 and approximately 97.4% of the carrying value of $3.0 billion at December 31, 2023. We estimated the fair value of indebtedness associated with hotels in receivership to be approximately 81.4% of the carrying value of $355.1 million at June 30, 2024 and approximately 81.4% of the carrying value of $355.1 million at December 31, 2023. These fair value estimates are considered a Level 2 valuation technique.
12. Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic income (loss) per common share is calculated using the two-class method by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income (loss) per common share is calculated using the two-class method, or treasury stock method if more dilutive, and reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised or converted into common shares, whereby such exercise or conversion would result in lower income per share.
29


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
The following table reconciles the amounts used in calculating basic and diluted income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per-share amounts):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Income (loss) allocated to common stockholders - basic and diluted:
Income (loss) attributable to the Company$50,254 $(24,608)$121,815 $(85,530)
Less: dividends on preferred stock(5,468)(3,752)(10,479)(6,995)
Less: deemed dividends on redeemable preferred stock(669)(826)(1,351)(1,233)
Add: gain (loss) on extinguishment of preferred stock
211 — 1,784 — 
Less: net (income) loss allocated to performance stock units
(203)— (542)— 
Distributed and undistributed income (loss) allocated to common stockholders - basic
$44,125 $(29,186)$111,227 $(93,758)
Add back: dividends on preferred stock - Series J (inclusive of deemed dividends)
3,026 — 5,693 — 
Add back: dividends on preferred stock - Series K (inclusive of deemed dividends)
274 — 421 — 
Distributed and undistributed income (loss) allocated to common stockholders - diluted$47,425 $(29,186)$117,341 $(93,758)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
43,243 34,429 40,850 34,385 
Effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock - Series J137,087 — 105,567 — 
Effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock - Series K9,034 — 6,629 — 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
189,364 34,429 153,046 34,385 
Basic income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders per share$1.02 $(0.85)$2.72 $(2.73)
Diluted income (loss) per share:
Net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders per share$0.25 $(0.85)$0.77 $(2.73)
30


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Due to their anti-dilutive effect, the computation of diluted income (loss) per share does not reflect adjustments for the following items (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Income (loss) allocated to common stockholders is not adjusted for:
Income (loss) allocated to unvested performance stock units$203 $— $542 $— 
Income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership565 (349)1,418 (949)
Dividends on preferred stock - Series J (inclusive of deemed dividends)— 1,420 — 1,933 
Dividends on preferred stock - Series K (inclusive of deemed dividends)— 54 — 88 
Total$768 $1,125 $1,960 $1,072 
Weighted average diluted shares are not adjusted for:
Effect of assumed conversion of operating partnership units553 400 527 367 
Effect of assumed issuance of shares for term loan exit fee— 1,745 — 1,745 
Effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock - Series J— 6,764 — 4,111 
Effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock - Series K— 344 — 203 
Total553 9,253 527 6,426 
13. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership represents the limited partners’ proportionate share of equity in earnings/losses of the operating partnership, which is an allocation of net income/loss attributable to the common unit holders based on the weighted average ownership percentage of these limited partners’ common units of limited partnership interest in the operating partnership (the “common units”) and the units issued under our Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “LTIP units”) that are vested. Each common unit may be redeemed for either cash or, at our sole discretion, up to one share of our REIT common stock, which is either: (i) issued pursuant to an effective registration statement; (ii) included in an effective registration statement providing for the resale of such common stock; or (iii) issued subject to a registration rights agreement.
LTIP units, which are issued to certain executives and employees of Ashford LLC as compensation, generally have vesting periods of three years. Additionally, certain independent members of the board of directors have elected to receive LTIP units as part of their compensation, which are fully vested upon grant. Upon reaching economic parity with common units, each vested LTIP unit can be converted by the holder into one common unit which can then be redeemed for cash or, at our election, settled in our common stock. An LTIP unit will achieve parity with the common units upon the sale or deemed sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the operating partnership at a time when our stock is trading at a level in excess of the price it was trading on the date of the LTIP issuance. More specifically, LTIP units will achieve full economic parity with common units in connection with (i) the actual sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the operating partnership or (ii) the hypothetical sale of such assets, which results from a capital account revaluation, as defined in the partnership agreement, for the operating partnership.
The compensation committee of the board of directors of the Company may authorize the issuance of Performance LTIP units to certain executive officers and directors from time to time. The award agreements provide for the grant of a target number of Performance LTIP units that will be settled in common units of Ashford Trust OP, if, when and to the extent the applicable vesting criteria have been achieved following the end of the performance and service period. The criteria for the Performance LTIP units are based on performance conditions and market conditions under the relevant literature. The corresponding compensation cost is recognized, based on the applicable measurement date fair value of the award, ratably over the service period for the award as the service is rendered, which may vary from period to period, as the number of performance grants earned may vary based on the estimated probable achievement of certain performance targets (performance conditions). The number of Performance LTIP units to be earned based on the applicable performance conditions is determined upon the final vesting date. The initial calculation of the Performance LTIP units earned can range from 0% to 200% of target, which is further subjected to a specified absolute total stockholder return modifier (market condition) based on the formulas determined by the Company’s compensation committee on the grant date. This will result in an adjustment (75% to 125%) of the initial
31


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
calculation of the number of performance awards earned based on the applicable performance targets resulting in a final award calculation ranging from 0% to 250% of the target amount.
In May 2024, 100,000 LTIP units were issued to independent directors with a fair value of approximately $135,000, which vested immediately upon grant and have been expensed during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.
As of June 30, 2024, there were approximately 1.5 million Performance LTIP units outstanding, representing 250% of the target number granted for the 2022 and 2023 grants.
As of June 30, 2024, we have issued a total of approximately 2.1 million LTIP and Performance LTIP units, net of Performance LTIP cancellations. All LTIP and Performance LTIP units other than approximately 1.5 million Performance LTIP units and 224,000 LTIP units have reached full economic parity with, and are convertible into, common units upon vesting.
The following table presents the redeemable noncontrolling interests in Ashford Trust OP and the corresponding approximate ownership percentage:
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in Ashford Trust OP (in thousands)$22,972 $22,007 
Cumulative adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interests (1) (in thousands)
$184,997 $186,201 
Ownership percentage of operating partnership1.26 %1.27 %
____________________________________
(1)    Reflects the excess of the redemption value over the accumulated historical costs.
We allocated net (income) loss to the redeemable noncontrolling interests as presented in the table below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership$(565)$349 $(1,418)$949 
14. Equity and Equity-Based Compensation
Common Stock Dividends—The board of directors did not declare a quarterly common stock dividend in 2024 or 2023.
Restricted Stock—We incur stock-based compensation expense in connection with restricted stock awarded to certain employees of Ashford LLC and its affiliates. We also issue common stock to certain of our independent directors, which vests immediately upon issuance.
In May 2024, 40,000 shares of common stock were issued to independent directors with a fair value of approximately $54,000, which vested immediately upon grant and have been expensed during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.
Performance Stock Units—The compensation committee of the board of directors of the Company may authorize the issuance of performance stock units (“PSUs”), which have a cliff vesting period of three years, to certain executive officers and directors from time to time. The award agreements provide for the grant of a target number of PSUs that will be settled in shares of common stock of the Company, if, when and to the extent the applicable vesting criteria have been achieved following the end of the performance and service period. The criteria for the PSUs are based on performance conditions and market conditions under the relevant literature. The corresponding compensation cost is recognized, based on the corresponding measurement date fair value of the award, ratably over the service period for the award as the service is rendered, which may vary from period to period, as the number of PSUs earned may vary based on the estimated probable achievement of certain performance targets (performance conditions). The number of PSUs to be earned based on the applicable performance conditions is determined upon the final vesting date. The initial calculation of PSUs earned can range from 0% to 200% of target, which is further subjected to a specified absolute total stockholder return modifier (market condition) based on the formulas determined by the Company’s compensation committee on the grant date. This will result in an adjustment (75% to 125%) of the initial calculation for the number of PSUs earned based on the applicable performance targets resulting in a final award calculation ranging from 0% to 250% of the target amount.


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
At-the-Market-Equity Distribution Agreement—On April 11, 2022, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Virtu Equity Distribution Agreement”) with Virtu Americas LLC (“Virtu”), to sell from time to time shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $100 million. We will pay Virtu a commission of approximately 1% of the gross sales price of the shares of our common stock sold. The Company may also sell some or all of the shares of our common stock to Virtu as principal for its own account at a price agreed upon at the time of sale.
The table below summarizes the activity (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
20242024
Common stock issued4,749 6,165 
Gross proceeds$5,935 $8,182 
Commissions and other expenses60 82 
Net proceeds$5,875 $8,100 
Preferred Dividends—The board of directors declared quarterly dividends per share as presented below:
Three Months Ended June 30,
20242023
8.45% Series D Cumulative Preferred Stock
$0.5281 $0.5281 
7.375% Series F Cumulative Preferred Stock
0.4609 0.4609 
7.375% Series G Cumulative Preferred Stock
0.4609 0.4609 
7.50% Series H Cumulative Preferred Stock
0.4688 0.4688 
7.50% Series I Cumulative Preferred Stock
0.4688 0.4688 
Ashford Trust entered into privately negotiated exchange agreements with certain holders of its preferred stock in reliance on Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
The table below summarizes the activity (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Preferred Shares TenderedCommon Shares IssuedPreferred Shares Tendered
Common Shares Issued
8.45% Series D Cumulative Preferred Stock
— — — — 
7.375% Series F Cumulative Preferred Stock
141 80 737 
7.375% Series G Cumulative Preferred Stock
29 434 29 434 
7.50% Series H Cumulative Preferred Stock
141 80 727 
7.50% Series I Cumulative Preferred Stock
40 600 57 756 
87 1,316 246 2,654 
Stock Repurchases—On April 6, 2022, the board of directors approved a stock repurchase program, pursuant to which the board of directors granted a repurchase authorization to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock and preferred stock having an aggregate value of up to $200 million. The board of directors’ authorization replaced the previous repurchase authorization that the board of directors authorized in December 2017. No shares of our common stock or preferred stock were repurchased subject to the repurchase program during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
15. Redeemable Preferred Stock
Series J Redeemable Preferred Stock
The Company enters into equity distribution agreements with certain sales agents to sell from time-to-time shares of the Series J Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series J Preferred Stock”). Pursuant to such equity distribution agreements, the
33


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Company is offering a maximum of 20.0 million shares of Series J Preferred Stock or Series K Preferred Stock in a primary offering at a price of $25.00 per share. The Company is also offering a maximum of 8.0 million shares of the Series J Preferred Stock or Series K Preferred Stock pursuant to a dividend reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”) at $25.00 per share (the “Stated Value”).
The Series J Preferred Stock ranks senior to all classes or series of the Company’s common stock and future junior securities, on a parity with each series of the Company’s outstanding preferred stock (Series D Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock, Series G Preferred Stock, Series H Preferred Stock, Series I Preferred Stock and Series K Preferred Stock) and with any future parity securities and junior to future senior securities and to all of the Company’s existing and future indebtedness, with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of amounts upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company’s affairs.
Holders of the Series J Preferred Stock shall not have any voting rights, except for if and whenever dividends on any shares of the Series J Preferred Stock shall be in arrears for 18 or more monthly periods, whether or not such quarterly periods are consecutive and the number of directors then constituting the board shall be increased by two and the holders of such shares of Series J Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class with all other classes or series of capital stock ranking on a parity with the Series J Preferred Stock) shall be entitled to vote for the election of the additional directors of the Company who shall each be elected for one-year terms.
Each share is redeemable at any time, at the option of the holder, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated, accrued, and unpaid dividends, less a redemption fee. Starting on the second anniversary, each share is redeemable at any time, at the option of the Company, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated, accrued, and unpaid dividends (with no redemption fee). The Company has the right, in its sole discretion, to redeem the shares in cash, or in an equal number of shares of common stock or any combination thereof, calculated based on the closing price per share for the single trading day prior to the date of redemption. The Series J Preferred Stock is also subject to conversion upon certain events constituting a change of control. Upon a change of control, the Company, at its option, may redeem, within 120 days, outstanding shares at a redemption price equal to the Stated Value plus an amount equal to any accrued but unpaid dividends. The Company must pay the redemption price in cash upon a change of control.
The redemption fee shall be an amount equal to:
8.0% of the stated value of $25.00 per share (the “Stated Value”) beginning on the Original Issue Date (as defined in the Articles Supplementary) of the shares of the Series J Preferred Stock to be redeemed;
5.0% of the Stated Value beginning on the second anniversary from the Original Issue Date of the shares of the Series J Preferred Stock to be redeemed; and
0% of the Stated Value beginning on the third anniversary from the Original Issue Date of the shares of the Series J Preferred Stock to be redeemed.
The Series J Preferred Stock provides for cash dividends at an annual rate equal to 8.0% per annum of the Stated Value beginning on the date of the first settlement of the Series J Preferred Stock.
Dividends are payable on a monthly basis and payable in arrears on the 15th of each month (or, if such payment date is not a business day, the next succeeding business day) to holders of record at the close of business on the last business day of each month immediately preceding the applicable dividend payment date. Dividends will be computed on the basis of twelve 30-day months and a 360-day year.
The Company has a DRIP that allows participating holders to have their Series J Preferred Stock dividend distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Series J Preferred Stock at a price of $25.00 per share.
34


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
The issuance activity of the Series J Preferred Stock is summarized below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Series J Preferred Stock shares issued (1)
853 1,073 1,717 1,487 
Net proceeds$19,185 $24,132 $38,629 $33,458 
________
(1)Exclusive of shares issued under the DRIP.
The Series J Preferred Stock does not meet the requirements for permanent equity classification prescribed by the authoritative guidance because of certain cash redemption features that are outside of the Company’s control. As such, the Series J Preferred Stock is classified outside of permanent equity.
At the date of issuance, the carrying amount of the Series J Preferred Stock was less than the redemption value. As a result of the Company’s determination that redemption is probable, the carrying value will be adjusted to the redemption amount each reporting period.
The redemption value adjustment of Series J Preferred Stock is summarized below (in thousands):
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Series J Preferred Stock$119,817 $79,975 
Cumulative adjustments to Series J Preferred Stock (1)
4,693 3,473 
________
(1)Reflects the excess of the redemption value over the accumulated carrying value.
The following table summarizes dividends declared (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Series J Preferred Stock$2,461 $618 $4,473 $751 
The following table summarizes Series J Preferred Stock redemptions settled in cash (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Series J Preferred Stock shares redeemed— — 
Redemption amount, net of redemption fees$— $53 $— $53 
The following table summarizes Series J Preferred Stock redemptions settled in common stock (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Series J Preferred Stock shares redeemed
18 — 18— 
Redemption amount, net of redemption fees$426 $— $426 $— 
Common shares issued upon redemption
367 — 367— 
Series K Redeemable Preferred Stock
The Company enters into equity distribution agreements with certain sales agents to sell from time-to-time shares of the Series K Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series K Preferred Stock”). Pursuant to such equity distribution agreements, the Company is offering a maximum of 20.0 million shares of Series K Preferred Stock or Series J Preferred Stock in a primary
35


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
offering at a price of $25.00 per share. The Company is also offering a maximum of 8.0 million shares of the Series K Preferred Stock or Series J Preferred Stock pursuant to the DRIP at the Stated Value.
The Series K Preferred Stock ranks senior to all classes or series of the Company’s common stock and future junior securities, on a parity with each series of the Company’s outstanding preferred stock (Series D Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock, Series G Preferred Stock, Series H Preferred Stock, Series I Preferred Stock and Series J Preferred Stock) and with any future parity securities and junior to future senior securities and to all of the Company’s existing and future indebtedness, with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of amounts upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company’s affairs.
Holders of the Series K Preferred Stock shall not have any voting rights, except for if and whenever dividends on any shares of the Series K Preferred Stock shall be in arrears for 18 or more monthly periods, whether or not such quarterly periods are consecutive, and the number of directors then constituting the board shall be increased by two and the holders of such shares of Series K Preferred Stock (voting together as a single class with all other classes or series of capital stock ranking on a parity with the Series K Preferred Stock) shall be entitled to vote for the election of the additional directors of the Company who shall each be elected for one-year terms.
Each share is redeemable at any time, at the option of the holder, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated, accrued, and unpaid dividends, less a redemption fee. Starting on the second anniversary, each share is redeemable at any time, at the option of the Company, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated, accrued, and unpaid dividends (with no redemption fee). The Company has the right, in its sole discretion, to redeem the shares in cash, or in an equal number of shares of common stock or any combination thereof, calculated based on the closing price per share for the single trading day prior to the date of redemption. The Series K Preferred Stock is also subject to conversion upon certain events constituting a change of control. Upon a change of control, the Company, at its option, may redeem, within 120 days, outstanding shares at a redemption price equal to the Stated Value plus an amount equal to any accrued but unpaid dividends. The Company must pay the redemption price in cash upon a change of control.
The redemption fee shall be an amount equal to:
1.5% of the stated value of $25.00 per share (the “Stated Value”) beginning on the Original Issue Date (as defined in the Articles Supplementary) of the shares of the Series K Preferred Stock to be redeemed; and
0% of the Stated Value beginning on the first anniversary from the Original Issue Date of the shares of the Series K Preferred Stock to be redeemed.
Holders of Series K Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at the initial rate of 8.2% per annum of the Stated Value of $25.00 per share (equivalent to an annual dividend rate of $2.05 per share). Beginning one year from the date of original issuance of each share of Series K Preferred Stock and on each one-year anniversary thereafter for such share of Series K Preferred Stock, the dividend rate shall increase by 0.10% per annum; provided, however, that the dividend rate for any share of Series K Preferred Stock shall not exceed 8.7% per annum of the Stated Value.
Dividends are payable on a monthly basis in arrears on the 15th of each month (or, if such payment date is not a business day, on the next succeeding business day) to holders of record at the close of business on the last business day of each month immediately preceding the applicable dividend payment date. Dividends will be computed on the basis of twelve 30-day months and a 360-day year.
The Company has a DRIP that allows participating holders to have their Series K Preferred Stock dividend distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Series K Preferred Stock at a price of $25.00 per share.
The issuance activity of the Series K Preferred Stock is summarized below (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Series K Preferred Stock shares issued (1)
101 38 170 70 
Net proceeds$2,456 $909 $4,132 $1,696 
________
(1)Exclusive of shares issued under the DRIP.
36


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
The Series K Preferred Stock does not meet the requirements for permanent equity classification prescribed by the authoritative guidance because of certain cash redemption features that are outside of the Company’s control. As such, the Series K Preferred Stock is classified outside of permanent equity.
At the date of issuance, the carrying amount of the Series K Preferred Stock was less than the redemption value. As a result of the Company’s determination that redemption is probable, the carrying value will be adjusted to the redemption amount each reporting period.
The redemption value adjustment of Series K Preferred Stock is summarized below (in thousands):
June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Series K Preferred Stock$8,840 $4,783 
Cumulative adjustments to Series K Preferred Stock (1)
276 146 
________
(1)Reflects the excess of the redemption value over the accumulated carrying value.
The following table summarizes dividends declared (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Series K Preferred Stock$170 $30 $290 $37 
The following table summarizes Series K Preferred Stock redemptions settled by the issuance of common stock (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Series K Preferred Stock shares redeemed
— — 
Redemption amount, net of redemption fees$137 $— $169 $— 
Common shares issued upon redemption
119 — 142 — 
16. Related Party Transactions
Ashford Inc.
Advisory Agreement with Ashford Trust OP
Ashford LLC, a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., acts as our advisor. Our chairman, Mr. Monty J. Bennett, also serves as chairman of the board of directors and chief executive officer of Ashford Inc.
Under our advisory agreement, we pay advisory fees to Ashford LLC. Advisory fees consist of base fees and incentive fees. We pay a monthly base fee in an amount equal to 1/12 of (i) 0.70% of the Total Market Capitalization (as defined in our advisory agreement) of the Company for the prior month, plus (ii) the Net Asset Fee Adjustment (as defined in our advisory agreement), if any, on the last day of the prior month during which the advisory agreement was in effect; provided, however, that in no event shall the Base Fee (as defined in our advisory agreement) for any month be less than the Minimum Base Fee as provided by the advisory agreement. The Company shall pay the Base Fee or the Minimum Base Fee (as defined in our advisory agreement) on the fifth business day of each month.
The Minimum Base Fee for Ashford Trust for each quarter beginning January 1, 2021 is equal to the greater of:
(i) ninety percent (90%) of the base fee paid for the same month in the prior fiscal year and
(ii) 1/12th of the G&A Ratio (as defined in the advisory agreement) for the most recently completed fiscal quarter multiplied by the Company’s Total Market Capitalization.
We are also required to pay Ashford LLC an incentive fee that is measured annually (or for a stub period if the advisory agreement is terminated at other than year-end). In each year that the Company’s total shareholder return exceeds the average
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
total shareholder return for the peer group, the Company shall pay to Ashford LLC an incentive fee. The incentive fee, if any, subject to the Fixed Coverage Charge Ratio Condition (as defined in the advisory agreement), shall be payable in arrears in three equal annual installments.
We also reimburse Ashford LLC for certain reimbursable overhead and internal audit, risk management advisory and asset management services, as specified in the advisory agreement. We also record equity-based compensation expense for equity grants of common stock and LTIP units awarded to officers and employees of Ashford LLC in connection with providing advisory services.
The following table summarizes the advisory services fees incurred (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Advisory services fee
Base advisory fee$7,985 $8,249 $15,948 $16,718 
Reimbursable expenses (1)
2,744 3,065 9,142 6,292 
Equity-based compensation (2)
507 955 1,043 2,245 
Total advisory services fee$11,236 $12,269 $26,133 $25,255 
________
(1)Reimbursable expenses include overhead, internal audit, risk management advisory, asset management services and deferred cash awards.
(2)    Equity-based compensation is associated with equity grants of Ashford Trust’s common stock, LTIP units and Performance LTIP units awarded to officers and employees of Ashford LLC.
On September 27, 2022, an agreement was entered into by Ashford Inc., Ashford Trust and Braemar Hotels & Resorts Inc. (“Braemar”) pursuant to which the Advisor is to implement the REITs cash management strategies. This will include actively managing the REITs excess cash by primarily investing in short-term U.S. Treasury securities. The annual fee is 20 basis points (“bps”) of the average daily balance of the funds managed by the advisor and is payable monthly in arrears.
On March 2, 2023, we entered into a Limited Waiver Under Advisory Agreement (the “2023 Limited Waiver”) with Ashford Trust OP, Ashford TRS, Ashford Inc. and Ashford LLC. Pursuant to the 2023 Limited Waiver, the Company, Ashford Trust OP, Ashford TRS and the Advisor waived the operation of any provision in the advisory agreement that would otherwise limit our ability, in our discretion and at our cost and expense, to award during the first and second fiscal quarters of calendar year 2023 cash incentive compensation to employees and other representatives of our advisor; provided that such awarded cash incentive compensation does not exceed $13.1 million, in the aggregate, during the waiver period.
On March 11, 2024, we entered into a Limited Waiver Under Advisory Agreement with Ashford Inc. and Ashford LLC (the “Advisory Agreement Limited Waiver”). Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement Limited Waiver, the Company, the Operating Partnership, TRS and the Advisor waive the operation of any provision in our advisory agreement that would otherwise limit the ability of the Company in its discretion, at the Company’s cost and expense, to award during calendar year 2024, cash incentive compensation to employees and other representatives of the Advisor.
On March 12, 2024, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement with Ashford LLC (the “Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement”). The Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement amends and restates the terms of the Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated January 14, 2021, to, among other items: (i) require the Company pay the advisor the Portfolio Company Fee (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement) upon certain specified defaults under the Company’s loan agreements resulting in the foreclosure of the Company’s hotel properties, (ii) provide that there shall be no additional payments to the advisor from the amendments to the master hotel management agreement with Remington Hospitality and the master project management agreement with Premier until the Oaktree Credit Agreement is paid in full, and limits, for a period of two years thereafter, the incremental financial impact to no more than $2 million per year in additional payments to the advisor from such amendments, (iii) reduces the Consolidated Tangible Net Worth covenant (as defined in the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement) to $750 million (plus 75% of net equity proceeds received) from $1 billion (plus 75% of net equity proceeds received), (iv) revise the criteria that would constitute a Company Change of Control, (v) revise the definition of termination fee to provide for a minimum amount of such termination fee and (vi) revise the criteria that would constitute a voting control event.
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Pursuant to the Company’s hotel management agreements with each hotel management company, the Company bears the economic burden for casualty insurance coverage. Under the advisory agreement, Ashford Inc. secures casualty insurance policies to cover Ashford Trust, Braemar, Stirling OP, their hotel managers, as needed, and Ashford Inc. The total loss estimates included in such policies are based on the collective pool of risk exposures from each party. Ashford Inc. has managed the casualty insurance program and beginning in December 2023, Warwick Insurance Company (“Warwick”), a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., provides and manages the general liability, workers’ compensation and business automobile insurance policies within the casualty insurance program. Each year Ashford Inc. collects funds from Ashford Trust, Braemar, Stirling OP and their respective hotel management companies, to fund the casualty insurance program as needed, on an allocated basis.
Advisory Agreement with Stirling OP
Stirling REIT Advisors, LLC (“Stirling Advisor”), a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., acts as Stirling OP’s advisor. The Advisory Agreement was effective December 6, 2023.
Stirling Advisor is paid an annual management fee (payable monthly in arrears) of 1.25% of aggregate NAV represented by the Class T, Class S, Class D and Class I shares of Stirling Inc. Additionally, to the extent Stirling OP issues Class T, Class S, Class D or Class I operating partnership units to parties other than Stirling Inc., Stirling OP will pay Stirling Advisor a management fee equal to 1.25% of the aggregate NAV of Stirling OP attributable to such Class T, Class S, Class D and Class I operating partnership units not held by Stirling Inc. per annum payable monthly in arrears. No management fee will be paid with respect to Class E shares of Stirling Inc. or Class E units of Stirling OP. The management fee is allocated on a class-specific basis and borne by all holders of the applicable class. The management fee will be paid, at Stirling Advisor’s election, in cash, Class E shares of Stirling Inc. or Class E units of Stirling OP. If Stirling Advisor elects to receive any portion of its management fee in Class E shares or Class E units of Stirling OP, Stirling Inc. may be obligated to repurchase such Class E shares of Stirling Inc. or Class E units of Stirling OP from Stirling Advisor at a later date. Such repurchases will be outside Stirling Inc.’s share repurchase plan and thus will not be subject to the repurchase limits of the share repurchase plan or any early repurchase deduction.
Stirling OP does not intend to pay Stirling Advisor any acquisition or other similar fees in connection with making investments. Stirling OP will, however, reimburse Stirling Advisor for out-of-pocket expenses in connection with the selection and acquisition of properties and real estate related debt, whether or not such investments are acquired, and make payments to third parties in connection with making investments. In addition to organization and offering expense and acquisition expense reimbursements, Stirling OP will reimburse Stirling Advisor for out-of-pocket costs and expenses it incurs in connection with the services it provides to Stirling Inc., including, but not limited to, (i) the actual cost of goods and services used by Stirling OP and obtained from third parties, including fees paid to administrators, consultants, attorneys, technology providers and other service providers, and brokerage fees paid in connection with the purchase and sale of investments, (ii) expenses of managing and operating Stirling OP’s properties, whether payable to an affiliate or a non-affiliated person, and (iii) expenses related to personnel of Stirling Advisor performing services for Stirling OP other than those who provide investment advisory services or serve as executive officers of Stirling Inc.
The following table summarizes the advisory services fees incurred (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Advisory services fee
Base advisory fee$195 $452 
Reimbursable expenses (1)
43 90 
Total advisory services fee$238 $542 
________
(1)Reimbursable expenses include overhead, internal audit, risk management advisory and asset management services.
Lismore
We engage Lismore or its subsidiaries to provide debt placement services, assist with loan modifications or refinancings on our behalf and brokerage services. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we incurred fees of $3.3 million and $3.5 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, we incurred fees of $1.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively.
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
Ashford Securities
On December 31, 2020, an Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement (the “Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement”) was entered into by Ashford Inc., Ashford Trust and Braemar (collectively, the “Parties” and each individually, a “Party”) with respect to funding certain expenses of Ashford Securities LLC, a subsidiary of Ashford Inc. (“Ashford Securities”). Beginning on the effective date of the Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement, costs were allocated 50% to Ashford Inc., 50% to Braemar and 0% to Ashford Trust. Upon reaching the earlier of $400 million in aggregate preferred equity offerings raised, or June 10, 2023, there was to be a true up (the “Amended and Restated True-up Date”) among Ashford Inc., Ashford Trust and Braemar whereby the actual amount contributed by each company will be based on the actual amount of capital raised by Ashford Inc., Ashford Trust and Braemar, respectively, through Ashford Securities (the resulting ratio of contributions among the Parties, the “Initial True-up Ratio”). On January 27, 2022, Ashford Trust, Braemar and Ashford Inc. entered into a Second Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement, which provided for an additional $18 million in expenses to be reimbursed with all expenses allocated 45% to Ashford Trust, 45% to Braemar and 10% to Ashford Inc.
On February 1, 2023, Ashford Trust entered into a Third Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement, which provided that after the Amended and Restated True-Up Date, capital contributions for the remainder of fiscal year 2023 would be divided between each Party based on the Initial True-Up Ratio, there would be a true up reflecting amounts raised by Ashford Securities since June 10, 2019, and thereafter, the capital contributions would be divided among each Party in accordance with the cumulative ratio of capital raised by the Parties.
Effective January 1, 2024, Ashford Trust entered into a Fourth Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement with Ashford Inc. and Braemar which states that, notwithstanding anything in the prior contribution agreements: (1) the Parties equally split responsibility for all aggregate contributions made by them to Ashford Securities through September 30, 2021 and (2) thereafter, their contributions for each quarter will be based on the ratio of the amounts raised by each Party through Ashford Securities the prior quarter compared to the total aggregate amount raised by the Parties through Ashford Securities the prior quarter. To the extent contributions made by any of the Parties through December 31, 2023 differed from the amounts owed pursuant to the foregoing, the Parties shall make true up payments to each other to settle the difference. During the first quarter of 2024, the funding requirement was revised based on the aggregate capital raised through Ashford Securities. This resulted in Ashford Trust making a payment of approximately $3.4 million to Ashford Inc. which resulted in expense of approximately $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024.
As of June 30, 2024, Ashford Trust has funded approximately $9.2 million.
As of December 31, 2023, Ashford Trust had funded approximately $180,000 and had a $3.1 million payable that is included in “due to Ashford Inc., net” on our consolidated balance sheet. During the first quarter of 2024, there was also a true-up of the capital contributions in accordance with the Third Amended and Restated Contribution Agreement made through December 31, 2023. This true-up resulted in the payment of $3.2 million to Ashford Inc.
The table below summarizes the amount Ashford Trust has expensed related to reimbursed operating expenses of Ashford Securities (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Line Item2024202320242023
Corporate, general and administrative$1,566 $981 $6,456 $1,100 
Design and Construction Services - Ashford Trust
Premier Project Management LLC (“Premier”), as a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., provides design and construction services to our hotels, including construction management, interior design, architectural services, and the purchasing, freight management, and supervision of installation of FF&E and related services. Pursuant to the design and construction services agreement, we pay Premier: (a) design and construction fees of up to 4% of project costs; and (b) market service fees at current market rates with respect to construction management, interior design, architecture, FF&E purchasing, FF&E expediting/freight management, FF&E warehousing and FF&E installation and supervision.
On March 12, 2024, Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership entered into an Amended and Restated Master Project Management Agreement with Premier (the “A&R PMA”). The provisions of the A&R PMA are substantially the same as the Master Project Management Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2018. The A&R PMA provides for an initial term of ten years as to each hotel governed by the A&R PMA. The term may be renewed by Premier, at its option, for three successive periods of
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
seven years each, and, thereafter, a final term of four years; provided that at the time the option to renew is exercised, Premier is not then in default under the A&R PMA. The A&R PMA also (i) provides that fees will be payable monthly as the service is delivered based on percentage completion; (ii) allows a project management fee to be paid on a development, together with (and not in lieu of) the development fee; and (iii) fixes the fees for FF&E purchasing, expediting, freight management and warehousing at 8%.
Design and Construction Services - Stirling OP
The Master Project Management Agreement provides that Premier shall be paid a project management fee equal to 4% of the total project costs associated with the implementation of the capital improvement budget (both hard and soft) until such time that the capital improvement budget and/or renovation project involves the expenditure of an amount in excess of 5% of the gross revenues of the applicable hotel, whereupon the design project management fee shall be reduced to 3% of the total project costs in excess of the 5% of gross revenue threshold.
The Master Project Management Agreement provides that Premier shall provide the following services and shall be paid the following fees: (i) architecture (6.5% of total construction costs, plus reimbursement for all third-party, out-of-pocket costs and expenses of mechanical, electrical and structural engineering services utilized in providing architectural services for project management work); (ii) construction management for projects without a general contractor (10% of total construction costs); (iii) interior design (6% of the purchase price of FFE designed or selected by Premier); (iv) FFE purchasing (8% of the purchase price of the FFE purchased by Premier; provided that if the purchase price exceeds $2.0 million for a single hotel in a calendar year, then the procurement fee is reduced to 6% of the FFE purchase price in excess of $2.0 million for such hotel in such calendar year); (v) freight expediting (8% of the cost of expediting FFE); (vi) warehousing (8% of the cost of warehousing goods delivered to the job site); and (vii) development (4% of total project costs).
Hotel Management Services
At June 30, 2024, Remington Hospitality managed 50 of our 69 hotel properties and three of the four Stirling OP hotel properties.
We pay monthly hotel management fees equal to the greater of approximately $17,000 per hotel (increased annually based on consumer price index adjustments) or 3% of gross revenues as well as annual incentive management fees, if certain operational criteria were met, and other general and administrative expense reimbursements primarily related to accounting services.
On March 12, 2024, Ashford TRS Corporation entered into a Second Consolidated, Amended and Restated Hotel Master Management Agreement with Remington Hospitality (the “Second A&R HMA”). The provisions of the Second A&R HMA are substantially the same as in the Consolidated, Amended and Restated Hotel Master Management Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2018. The Second A&R HMA provides for an initial term of ten years as to each hotel governed by the Second A&R HMA. The term may be renewed by Remington Hospitality, at its option, for three successive periods of seven years each, and, thereafter, a final term of four years; provided that at the time the option to renew is exercised, Remington Hospitality is not then in default under the Second A&R HMA. The Second A&R HMA also provides that Remington Hospitality may charge market premiums for its self-insured health plans to its hotel employees, the cost of which is an operating expense of the hotel properties.
17. Commitments and Contingencies
Restricted Cash—Under certain management and debt agreements for our hotel properties existing at June 30, 2024, escrow payments are required for insurance, real estate taxes, and debt service. In addition, for certain properties based on the terms of the underlying debt and management agreements, we escrow generally 4% to 6% of gross revenues for capital improvements. From time to time, the Company may work with its property managers and lenders in order to utilize lender and manager held reserves to fund operating shortfalls.
Franchise Fees—Under franchise agreements for our hotel properties existing at June 30, 2024, we pay franchisor royalty fees between 3% and 6% of gross rooms revenue and, in some cases, 1% to 3% of food and beverage revenues. Additionally, we pay fees for marketing, reservations, and other related activities aggregating between 1% and 4% of gross rooms revenue and, in some cases, food and beverage revenues. These franchise agreements expire on varying dates between 2024 and 2047. When a franchise term expires, the franchisor has no obligation to renew the franchise. In addition, if we breach the franchise
41


ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
agreement and the franchisor terminates a franchise prior to its expiration date, we may be liable for up to three times the average annual fees incurred for that property.
The table below summarizes the franchise fees incurred (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
Line Item2024202320242023
Other hotel expenses$14,698 $17,452 $28,590 $33,063 
Management Fees—Under hotel management agreements for our hotel properties existing at June 30, 2024, we pay monthly hotel management fees equal to the greater of approximately $17,000 per hotel (increased annually based on consumer price index adjustments) or 3% of gross revenues, or in some cases 2% to 7% of gross revenues, as well as annual incentive management fees, if applicable. These hotel management agreements expire from 2025 through 2038, with renewal options. If we terminate a hotel management agreement prior to its expiration, we may be liable for estimated management fees through the remaining term and liquidated damages or, in certain circumstances, we may substitute a new management agreement.
Income Taxes—We and our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the federal jurisdiction and various states. Tax years 2019 through 2023 remain subject to potential examination by certain federal and state taxing authorities.
Litigation—On December 20, 2016, a class action lawsuit was filed against one of the Company’s hotel management companies in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of Contra Costa alleging violations of certain California employment laws, which class action affects nine hotels owned by subsidiaries of the Company. The court has entered an order granting class certification with respect to: (i) a statewide class of non-exempt employees of our manager who were allegedly deprived of rest breaks as a result of our manager’s previous written policy requiring its employees to stay on premises during rest breaks; and (ii) a derivative class of non-exempt former employees of our manager who were not paid for allegedly missed breaks upon separation from employment. Notices to potential class members were sent out on February 2, 2021. Potential class members had until April 4, 2021 to opt out of the class; however, the total number of employees in the class has not been definitively determined and is the subject of continuing discovery. The opt-out period has been extended until such time that discovery has concluded. In May 2023, the trial court requested additional briefing from the parties to determine whether the case should be maintained, dismissed, or the class de-certified. After submission of the briefs, the court requested that the parties submit stipulations for the court to rule upon. On February 13, 2024, the judge ordered the parties to submit additional briefing related to on-site breaks. While we believe it is reasonably possible that we may incur a loss associated with this litigation, because there remains uncertainty under California law with respect to a significant legal issue, discovery relating to class members continues, and the trial judge retains discretion to award lower penalties than set forth in the applicable California employment laws, we do not believe that any potential loss to the Company is reasonably estimable at this time. As of June 30, 2024, no amounts have been accrued.
We are also engaged in other legal proceedings that have arisen but have not been fully adjudicated. To the extent the claims giving rise to these legal proceedings are not covered by insurance, they relate to the following general types of claims: employment matters, tax matters and matters relating to compliance with applicable law (for example, the Americans with Disabilities Act and similar state laws). The likelihood of loss from these legal proceedings is based on the definitions within contingency accounting literature. We recognize a loss when we believe the loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. Based on the information available to us relating to these legal proceedings and/or our experience in similar legal proceedings, we do not believe the ultimate resolution of these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flow.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, we had a cyber incident that resulted in the potential exposure of certain employee personal information. We have completed an investigation and have identified certain employee information that may have been exposed, but we have not identified that any customer information was exposed. All systems have been restored. We believe that we maintain a sufficient level of insurance coverage related to such events, and the related incremental costs incurred to date are immaterial. In February of 2024, two class action lawsuits were filed, one in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas and a second in the 68th District Court for Dallas County related to the cyber incident. The lawsuit filed in the 68th District Court was subsequently dismissed and refiled in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas. On March 12, 2024, the court ordered the two cases be consolidated. The consolidated case is currently pending in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas. On May 17, 2024, we filed a Motion to Dismiss the Consolidated Class Action Complaint, which is currently pending before the Court. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and do not believe
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
that any potential loss is reasonably estimable at this time. It is reasonably possible that the Company may incur additional costs related to the matter, but we are unable to predict with certainty the ultimate amount or range of potential loss.
Our assessment may change depending upon the development of any current or future legal proceedings, and the final results of such legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. If we ultimately do not prevail in one or more of these legal matters, and the associated realized losses exceed our current estimates of the range of potential losses, our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially adversely affected in future periods.
18. Segment Reporting
We operate in one business segment within the hotel lodging industry: direct hotel investments. Direct hotel investments refer to owning hotel properties through either acquisition or new development. We report operating results of direct hotel investments on an aggregate basis as substantially all of our hotel investments have similar economic characteristics. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of our hotel properties were domestically located.
19. Subsequent Event
The Company, Ashford Trust OP, Ashford TRS, Ashford Inc. and Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC are parties to that certain Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2024 (as amended, the “Advisory Agreement”).
On August 8, 2024, the parties to the Advisory Agreement entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (the “Amendment”). The Amendment extends the outside date for which any sale or disposition of any of the Company’s eight hotel properties securing the associated mortgage loan following an event of default (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) would be excluded from the numerator of the calculation of the percentage of gross book value of the Company’s assets sold or disposed (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation) for purposes of determining whether a company change of control (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) has occurred, from May 31, 2025 to August 31, 2025.
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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein. This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us”) cautions investors that any forward-looking statements presented herein, or which management may express orally or in writing from time to time, are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions at that time.
Throughout this Form 10-Q, we make forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “intend,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximately,” “believe,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” or other similar words or expressions. Additionally, statements regarding the following subjects are forward-looking by their nature: 
our business and investment strategy;
anticipated or expected purchases, sales or dispositions of assets;
our projected operating results;
completion of any pending transactions;
our plan to pay off strategic financing;
our ability to restructure existing property-level indebtedness;
our ability to secure additional financing to enable us to operate our business;
our understanding of our competition;
projected capital expenditures; and
the impact of technology on our operations and business.
Such forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions, and expectations of our future performance taking into account all information currently known to us. These beliefs, assumptions, and expectations can change as a result of many potential events or factors, not all of which are known to us. If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans, and other objectives may vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements. You should carefully consider this risk when you make an investment decision concerning our securities. Additionally, the following factors could cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements:
factors discussed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 14, 2024, including those set forth under the sections titled “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Business,” and “Properties,” as supplemented by our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other filings under the Exchange Act;
changes in interest rates and inflation;
macroeconomic conditions, such as a prolonged period of weak economic growth and volatility in capital markets;
uncertainty in the banking sector and market volatility due to the 2023 failures of Silicon Valley Bank, New York Signature Bank and First Republic Bank;
catastrophic events or geopolitical conditions, such as the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the more recent Israel-Hamas war;
extreme weather conditions, which may cause property damage or interrupt business;
actions by the lenders to foreclose on our assets which are pledged as collateral;
general volatility of the capital markets and the market price of our common and preferred stock;
general and economic business conditions affecting the lodging and travel industry;
changes in our business or investment strategy;
our ability to successfully pay off our strategic financing on terms favorable to us;
availability, terms, and deployment of capital;
unanticipated increases in financing and other costs;
changes in our industry and the market in which we operate and local economic conditions;
the degree and nature of our competition;
44


actual and potential conflicts of interest with Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC (“Ashford LLC”), Remington Lodging & Hospitality, LLC (“Remington Hospitality”), Premier Project Management LLC (“Premier”), Braemar Hotels & Resorts Inc. (“Braemar”), our executive officers and our non-independent directors;
changes in personnel of Ashford LLC or the lack of availability of qualified personnel;
changes in governmental regulations, accounting rules, tax rates and similar matters;
legislative and regulatory changes, including changes to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and related rules, regulations and interpretations governing the taxation of real estate investment trusts (“REITs”);
limitations imposed on our business and our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and
future sales and issuances of our common stock or other securities which might result in dilution and could cause the price of our common stock to decline.
When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the matters summarized under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in Part I of our 2023 Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2024 and this Quarterly Report, and the discussion in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, could cause our actual results and performance to differ significantly from those contained in our forward-looking statements. Accordingly, we cannot guarantee future results or performance. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements, which reflect our views as of the date of this Quarterly Report. Furthermore, we do not intend to update any of our forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report to conform these statements to actual results and performance, except as may be required by applicable law.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
General
As of June 30, 2024, our portfolio consisted of 69 consolidated operating hotel properties, which represent 17,087 total rooms. Additionally, our portfolio consists of four consolidated operating hotel properties, which represent 405 total rooms owned through a 99.3% ownership interest in Stirling OP, which was formed by Stirling Inc. to acquire and own a diverse portfolio of stabilized income-producing hotels and resorts. Currently, all of our hotel properties are located in the United States.
Based on our primary business objectives and forecasted operating conditions, our current key priorities and financial strategies include, among other things:
preserving capital and maintaining significant cash and cash equivalents liquidity;
disposition of non-core hotel properties;
acquisition of hotel properties, in whole or in part, that we expect will be accretive to our portfolio;
pursuing capital market activities and implementing strategies to enhance long-term stockholder value;
accessing cost effective capital, including through the issuance of non-traded preferred securities;
opportunistically exchanging preferred stock into common stock;
implementing selective capital improvements designed to increase profitability and maintain the quality of our assets;
implementing effective asset management strategies to minimize operating costs and increase revenues;
financing or refinancing hotels on competitive terms;
modifying or extending property-level indebtedness;
utilizing hedges, derivatives and other strategies to mitigate risks;
pursuing opportunistic value-add additions to our hotel portfolio; and
making other investments or divestitures that our board of directors deems appropriate.
Our current investment strategy is to focus on owning predominantly full-service hotels in the upper upscale segment in domestic markets that have RevPAR generally less than twice the national average. We believe that as supply, demand, and capital market cycles change, we will be able to shift our investment strategy to take advantage of new lodging-related investment opportunities as they may develop. Our board of directors may change our investment strategy at any time without stockholder approval or notice. We will continue to seek ways to benefit from the cyclical nature of the hotel industry.
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We are advised by Ashford LLC, a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., through an advisory agreement. All of the hotel properties in our portfolio are currently asset-managed by Ashford LLC. We do not have any employees. All of the services that might be provided by employees are provided to us by Ashford LLC.
We do not operate any of our hotel properties directly; instead we employ hotel management companies to operate them for us under management contracts. As of June 30, 2024, Remington Hospitality, a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., managed 50 of our 69 hotel properties. Third-party management companies managed the remaining hotel properties.
Ashford Inc. also provides other products and services to us or our hotel properties through certain entities in which Ashford Inc. has an ownership interest. These products and services include, but are not limited to, design and construction services, debt placement and related services, audiovisual services, real estate advisory and brokerage services, insurance policies covering general liability, workers’ compensation and business automobile claims and insurance claims services, hypoallergenic premium rooms, watersport activities, broker-dealer and distribution services, mobile key technology and cash management services.
Mr. Monty J. Bennett, chairman and chief executive officer of Ashford Inc. and, together with his father Mr. Archie Bennett, Jr., (the “Bennetts”), as of June 30, 2024, hold a controlling interest in Ashford Inc. The Bennetts owned approximately 810,261 shares of Ashford Inc. common stock, which represented an approximate 23.6% ownership interest in Ashford Inc., and owned 18,758,600 shares of Ashford Inc. Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, which, along with all unpaid accrued and accumulated dividends thereon, was convertible (at a conversion price of $117.50 per share) into an additional approximate 4,310,933 shares of Ashford Inc. common stock, which if converted as of June 30, 2024, would have increased the Bennetts’ ownership interest in Ashford Inc. to 66.1%. The 18,758,600 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock owned by Mr. Monty J. Bennett and Mr. Archie Bennett, Jr. include 360,000 shares owned by trusts.
Recent Developments
The Company continues to work with the lender for the KEYS A and KEYS B loan pools on a consensual transfer of ownership of those hotels to the lender, and the Company anticipates that transfer will occur in the second half of 2024. The original lenders previously transferred the loans to a securitization trust. On March 1, 2024, the Company received notice that the hotel properties securing the KEYS A and KEYS B loan pools have been transferred to a court-appointed receiver. Below is a summary of the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A loan and Keys Pool B loan:
KEYS A Loan Pool
Courtyard Columbus Tipton Lakes – Columbus, IN
Courtyard Old Town – Scottsdale, AZ
Residence Inn Hughes Center – Las Vegas, NV
Residence Inn Phoenix Airport – Phoenix, AZ
Residence Inn San Jose Newark – Newark, CA
SpringHill Suites Manhattan Beach – Hawthorne, CA
SpringHill Suites Plymouth Meeting – Plymouth Meeting, PA
KEYS B Loan Pool
Courtyard Basking Ridge – Basking Ridge, NJ
Courtyard Newark Silicon Valley – Newark, CA
Courtyard Oakland Airport – Oakland, CA
Courtyard Plano Legacy Park – Plano, TX
Residence Inn Plano – Plano, TX
SpringHill Suites BWI Airport – Baltimore, MD
TownePlace Suites Manhattan Beach – Hawthorne, CA
We derecognized the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B loans from our consolidated balance sheet in March 2024, when the receiver took control of the hotel properties, and accordingly recognized a gain of $133.9 million, which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations and recorded a contract asset of $378.2 million, which represented the liabilities we expect to be released from upon final resolution with the lenders on the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B mortgage loans in exchange for the transfer of ownership of the respective hotel properties. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized an additional gain of $11.7 million, which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations that increased the contract asset to a total of $390.1 million at June 30,2024, which is the amount we expect to be released from. The additional gain primarily represents the additional accrued interest expense recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2024. The $180.7 million KEYS Pool A and the $174.4 million KEYS Pool B mortgage loans as well as all accrued and unpaid interest,
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default charges and late fees will remain liabilities until final resolution with the lenders is concluded, and thus is included in “indebtedness associated with hotels in receivership” and “accrued interest associated with hotels in receivership” on our consolidated balance sheets. On July 2, 2024, the Courtyard Plano Legacy Park and the Residence Inn Plano were foreclosed on at a public auction.
On April 9, 2024, the Company sold the Hilton Boston Back Bay Hotel for $171 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $117,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company also repaid the $98 million mortgage loan secured by the hotel property and used the remaining net proceeds to pay down the Company’s Oaktree loan.
On April 17, 2024, J. Robison Hays, III, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, gave notice of his intention to voluntarily resign from his employment and all other employment-related positions he holds with the Company’s advisor, Ashford Inc., and its subsidiaries, affiliated entities, and entities that it advises (including the Company). Mr. Hays’ resignation became effective June 30, 2024. Also on April 17, 2024, the board of directors of the Company appointed Ashford Inc.’s current Senior Vice President of Corporate Finance & Strategy, Stephen Zsigray, to fill the role of President and Chief Executive Officer at the Company, effective June 30, 2024.
On April 23, 2024, the Company sold the Hampton Inn Lawrenceville in Lawrenceville, Georgia for $8.1 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $4.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On May 9, 2024, the Company refinanced the $240 million mortgage loan that was secured by the Renaissance Hotel in Nashville, Tennessee and the Westin Hotel in Princeton, New Jersey (“Westin Princeton”). The new mortgage loan totals $267.2 million, and has a two-year initial term with three one-year extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of SOFR + 3.98%. As part of this refinancing, the Westin Princeton is now unencumbered and the Company has listed this property for sale. The Company plans to use the excess proceeds from the refinancing for general corporate purposes including paying down the Company’s strategic financing.
On May 30, 2024, the Company sold the Courtyard Manchester in Manchester, Connecticut for $8.0 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $2.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On June 10, 2024, the Company sold the SpringHill Suites Kennesaw and Fairfield Inn Kennesaw in Kennesaw, Georgia for $17.5 million in cash. The sales resulted in a gain of approximately $9.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
On June 27, 2024, the Company sold the One Ocean Resort and Spa in Atlantic Beach, Florida for $87.0 million in cash. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $70.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which was included in “gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties” in the consolidated statements of operations. See note 7.
In June 2024, the Company was informed by its lender that the lender intended to exercise remedies for the maturity default on the Ashton Hotel in Fort Worth, Texas, which secures the Company’s $8.9 million mortgage loan. The Company and the lender agreed to a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, which was completed on July 16, 2024. See note 7.
The Company, Ashford Trust OP, Ashford TRS, Ashford Inc. and Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC are parties to that certain Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2024 (as amended, the “Advisory Agreement”).
On August 8, 2024, the parties to the Advisory Agreement entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (the “Amendment”). The Amendment extends the outside date for which any sale or disposition of any of the Company’s eight hotel properties associated with JPM8 following a JPM8 Event of Default (as such terms are defined in the Advisory Agreement) would be excluded from the numerator of the calculation of the percentage of gross book value of the Company’s assets sold or disposed (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation) for purposes of determining whether a Company Change of Control (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) has occurred, from May 31, 2025 to August 31, 2025.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Key Indicators of Operating Performance
We use a variety of operating and other information to evaluate the operating performance of our business. These key indicators include financial information that is prepared in accordance with GAAP as well as other financial measures that are non-GAAP measures. In addition, we use other information that may not be financial in nature, including statistical information and comparative data. We use this information to measure the operating performance of our individual hotels, groups of hotels and/or business as a whole. We also use these metrics to evaluate the hotels in our portfolio and potential acquisitions to determine each hotel’s contribution to cash flow and its potential to provide attractive long-term total returns. These key indicators include:
Occupancy—Occupancy means the total number of hotel rooms sold in a given period divided by the total number of rooms available. Occupancy measures the utilization of our hotels’ available capacity. We use occupancy to measure demand at a specific hotel or group of hotels in a given period.
ADR—ADR means average daily rate and is calculated by dividing total hotel rooms revenues by total number of rooms sold in a given period. ADR measures average room price attained by a hotel and ADR trends provide useful information concerning the pricing environment and the nature of the customer base of a hotel or group of hotels. We use ADR to assess the pricing levels that we are able to generate.
RevPAR—RevPAR means revenue per available room and is calculated by multiplying ADR by the average daily occupancy. RevPAR is one of the commonly used measures within the hotel industry to evaluate hotel operations. RevPAR does not include revenues from food and beverage sales or parking, telephone or other non-rooms revenues generated by the property. Although RevPAR does not include these ancillary revenues, it is generally considered the leading indicator of core revenues for many hotels. We also use RevPAR to compare the results of our hotels between periods and to analyze results of our comparable hotels (comparable hotels represent hotels we have owned for the entire period). RevPAR improvements attributable to increases in occupancy are generally accompanied by increases in most categories of variable operating costs. RevPAR improvements attributable to increases in ADR are generally accompanied by increases in limited categories of operating costs, such as management fees and franchise fees.
RevPAR changes that are primarily driven by changes in occupancy have different implications for overall revenues and profitability than changes that are driven primarily by changes in ADR. For example, an increase in occupancy at a hotel would lead to additional variable operating costs (including housekeeping services, utilities and room supplies) and could also result in increased other operating department revenue and expense. Changes in ADR typically have a greater impact on operating margins and profitability as they do not have a substantial effect on variable operating costs.
Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR are commonly used measures within the lodging industry to evaluate operating performance. RevPAR is an important statistic for monitoring operating performance at the individual hotel level and across our entire business. We evaluate individual hotel RevPAR performance on an absolute basis with comparisons to budget and prior periods, as well as on a regional and company-wide basis. ADR and RevPAR include only rooms revenue. Rooms revenue is dictated by demand (as measured by occupancy), pricing (as measured by ADR) and our available supply of hotel rooms.
We also use funds from operations (“FFO”), Adjusted FFO, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization for real estate (“EBITDAre”) and Adjusted EBITDAre as measures of the operating performance of our business. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
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The following table summarizes the changes in key line items from our consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable) ChangeSix Months Ended June 30,Favorable (Unfavorable) Change
202420232024 to 2023202420232024 to 2023
Total revenue$316,482 $375,749 $(59,267)$620,378 $704,635 $(84,257)
Total hotel expenses(207,445)(240,677)33,232 (418,332)(465,795)47,463 
Property taxes, insurance and other(16,846)(18,998)2,152 (34,273)(35,535)1,262 
Depreciation and amortization(37,187)(47,154)9,967 (77,731)(95,009)17,278 
Advisory service fee(11,474)(12,269)795 (26,675)(25,255)(1,420)
Corporate, general and administrative(7,194)(4,904)(2,290)(15,403)(7,516)(7,887)
Gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties87,441 1,077 86,364 94,397 1,053 93,344 
Gain (loss) on derecognition of assets
11,725 — 11,725 145,634 — 145,634 
Operating income (loss)135,502 52,824 82,678 287,995 76,578 211,417 
Equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities(162)(181)19 (695)(577)(118)
Interest income1,688 2,310 (622)3,672 4,867 (1,195)
Other income (expense)37 109 (72)72 243 (171)
Interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs(68,416)(81,097)12,681 (142,377)(155,465)13,088 
Interest expense associated with hotels in receivership
(11,944)(8,493)(3,451)(24,042)(15,640)(8,402)
Write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees(3,796)(950)(2,846)(3,814)(1,370)(2,444)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt— — — 45 — 45 
Realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives1,357 12,583 (11,226)6,118 7,168 (1,050)
Income tax benefit (expense)(3,455)(2,062)(1,393)(3,758)(2,283)(1,475)
Net income (loss)50,811 (24,957)75,768 123,216 (86,479)209,695 
(Income) loss from consolidated entities attributable to noncontrolling interests— 17 — 17 
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership(565)349 (914)(1,418)949 (2,367)
Net income (loss) attributable to the Company$50,254 $(24,608)$74,862 $121,815 $(85,530)$207,345 
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All hotel properties held during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 have been included in our results of operations during the respective periods in which they were held. Based on when a hotel property was acquired or disposed, operating results for certain hotel properties are not comparable for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. The hotel properties listed below are not comparable hotel properties for the periods indicated and all other hotel properties are considered comparable hotel properties. The following transactions affect the reporting comparability of our consolidated financial statements:
Hotel Properties
Location
TypeDate
WorldQuest Resort (1)
Orlando, FLDispositionAugust 1, 2023
Sheraton Bucks County (1)
Langhorne, PA
DispositionNovember 9, 2023
Embassy Suites Flagstaff (1)
Flagstaff, AZ
DispositionDecember 4, 2023
Embassy Suites Walnut Creek (1)
Walnut Creek, CA
DispositionDecember 4, 2023
Marriott Bridgewater (1)
Bridgewater, NJ
DispositionDecember 4, 2023
Marriott Research Triangle Park (1)
Durham, NC
DispositionDecember 4, 2023
W Atlanta (1)
Atlanta, GA
DispositionDecember 4, 2023
Courtyard Columbus Tipton Lakes (2)
Columbus, IN
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Old Town (2)
Scottsdale, AZ
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Hughes Center (2)
Las Vegas, NV
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Phoenix Airport (2)
Phoenix, AZ
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn San Jose Newark (2)
Newark, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
SpringHill Suites Manhattan Beach (2)
Hawthorne, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
SpringHill Suites Plymouth Meeting (2)
Plymouth Meeting, PA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Basking Ridge (2)
Basking Ridge, NJ
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Newark Silicon Valley (2)
Newark, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Oakland Airport (2)
Oakland, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Courtyard Plano Legacy Park (2)
Plano, TX
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Plano (2)
Plano, TX
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
SpringHill Suites BWI Airport (2)
Baltimore, MD
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
TownePlace Suites Manhattan Beach (2)
Hawthorne, CA
Derecognized
March 1, 2024
Residence Inn Salt Lake City (1)
Salt Lake City, UTDispositionMarch 6, 2024
Hilton Boston Back Bay (1)
Boston, MA
DispositionApril 9, 2024
Hampton Inn Lawrenceville (1)
Lawrenceville, GA
DispositionApril 23, 2024
Courtyard Manchester (1)
Manchester, CT
DispositionMay 30, 2024
SpringHill Suites Kennesaw (1)
Kennesaw, GA
DispositionJune 10, 2024
Fairfield Inn Kennesaw (1)
Kennesaw, GA
DispositionJune 10, 2024
One Ocean (1)
Atlantic Beach, FL
DispositionJune 27, 2024
____________________________________
(1) Referred to as “Hotel Dispositions”
(2) Referred to as “KEYS A and B properties”
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The following table illustrates the key performance indicators of the operating hotel properties and WorldQuest included in our results of operations:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
RevPAR (revenue per available room)$149.34 $143.55 $136.63 $134.30 
Occupancy75.79 %75.31 %71.66 %71.86 %
ADR (average daily rate)$199.48 $190.60 $193.39 $186.90 
The following table illustrates the key performance indicators of the 69 comparable hotel properties and four consolidated Stirling OP properties that were included in our results of operations for the full three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
RevPAR$149.45 $147.93 $138.59 $138.48 
Occupancy74.99 %75.65 %71.10 %72.12 %
ADR$199.28 $195.53 $194.93 $192.02 
Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to the Company. Net income (loss) attributable to the Company changed $74.9 million, from a net loss of $24.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 (the “2023 quarter”) to net income of $50.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 (the “2024 quarter”) as a result of the factors discussed below.
Revenue. Rooms revenue from our hotel properties decreased $50.3 million, or 17.1%, to $243.6 million in the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter. This decrease is attributable to a decrease of $31.9 million from our Hotel Dispositions, $21.8 million for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, and $376,000 from the Stirling hotel properties, partially offset by higher rooms revenue of $3.8 million at our comparable hotel properties. Our comparable hotel properties experienced an increase of 1.9% in room rates and a 66 basis point increase in occupancy.
Food and beverage revenue decreased $6.5 million, or 10.5%, to $55.3 million. This decrease is attributable to $5.0 million from our Hotel Dispositions, lower sales of food and beverage of $869,000 at our comparable hotel properties, and $647,000 for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership.
Other hotel revenue, which consists mainly of Internet access, parking, and spa revenue, decreased $2.4 million, or 12.3%, to $16.9 million. This decrease is primarily attributable to $2.7 million from our Hotel Dispositions, $853,000 for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, and $5,000 from the Stirling hotel properties, partially offset by an increase of $1.2 million at our comparable hotel properties. Other non-hotel revenue decreased $88,000, or 11.4%, to $683,000 in the 2024 quarter as compared to the 2023 quarter.
Hotel Operating Expenses. Hotel operating expenses decreased $33.2 million, or 13.8%, to $207.4 million. Hotel operating expenses consist of direct expenses from departments associated with revenue streams and indirect expenses associated with support departments and management fees. Direct expenses decreased $16.9 million in the 2024 quarter as compared to the 2023 quarter, which was primarily comprised of a decrease of $10.8 million from our Hotel Dispositions and $6.4 million from the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, partially offset by an increase of $384,000 from our comparable hotel properties. Direct expenses were 29.9% of total hotel revenue for the 2024 quarter and 29.7% for the 2023 quarter. Indirect expenses and management fees decreased $16.4 million in the 2024 quarter as compared to the 2023 quarter, which was primarily comprised of a decrease of $13.2 million from our Hotel Dispositions, $9.0 million from the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, and $175,000 from the Stirling hotel properties, partially offset by an increase of $6.0 million from our comparable hotel properties.
Property Taxes, Insurance and Other. Property taxes, insurance and other expense decreased $2.2 million, or 11.3%, to $16.8 million during the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter, which was primarily due to a decrease of $1.8 million from our Hotel Dispositions and $1.2 million from the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, partially offset by an increase of $886,000 from our comparable hotel properties.
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Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased $10.0 million, or 21.1%, to $37.2 million during the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter, which was primarily due to a decrease of $5.3 million from our Hotel Dispositions, $3.3 million from the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, and a decrease of $1.6 million from our comparable hotel properties primarily related to fully depreciated assets, partially offset by an increase of $244,000 from our Stirling properties.
Advisory Services Fee. Advisory services fee decreased $795,000, or 6.5%, to $11.5 million in the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter. The advisory services fee represents fees incurred in connection with the advisory agreement between Ashford Inc. and the Company. In the 2024 quarter, the advisory services fee was comprised of a base advisory fee of $8.2 million, equity-based compensation of $507,000 associated with equity grants of our common stock, PSUs, LTIP units and Performance LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc. and reimbursable expenses of $2.8 million. In the 2023 quarter, the advisory services fee was comprised of a base advisory fee of $8.2 million, equity-based compensation of $955,000 associated with equity grants of our common stock and LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc. and reimbursable expenses of $3.1 million.
Corporate, General and Administrative. Corporate, general and administrative expense increased $2.3 million from $4.9 million in the 2023 quarter to $7.2 million in the 2024 quarter. The increase was primarily attributable to higher legal and professional costs of $2.1 million, and higher reimbursed operating expenses of Ashford Securities of $585,000, partially offset by lower public company cost of $345,000.
Gain (Loss) on Consolidation of VIE and Disposition of Assets and Hotel Properties. Gain on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties increased $86.4 million from $1.1 million in the 2023 quarter to $87.4 million in the 2024 quarter. The gain in the 2024 quarter primarily related to the sale of Hilton Boston Back Bay in Boston, Massachusetts, Hampton Inn Lawrenceville in Lawrenceville, Georgia, SpringHill Suites Kennesaw in Kennesaw, Georgia, Fairfield Inn Kennesaw in Kennesaw, Georgia, One Ocean in Atlantic Beach, Florida and Courtyard Manchester in Manchester, Connecticut. The gain in the 2023 quarter related to consolidation of the VIE, which is represented by the difference of the fair value of the assets and liabilities recognized, the fair value of the non-controlling interest and the previous carrying value of the Company’s investment in 815 Commerce MM.
Gain (Loss) on Derecognition of Assets. Gain on derecognition of assets was $11.7 million in the 2024 quarter. The gain primarily represents the accrued interest expense associated with the default of the KEYS A and KEYS B loans, which resulted in a corresponding increase of the contract asset on our consolidated balance sheet as we expect to be released from this obligation upon final resolution with the lender. See note 7.
Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Unconsolidated Entities. Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities decreased $19,000 during the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter. The 2024 quarter included equity in loss of $180,000 from OpenKey and equity in earnings of $18,000 from an investment in an entity that owns the Meritage Resort and Spa and the Grand Reserve at the Meritage in Napa, California. The 2023 quarter included equity in loss of $152,000 from OpenKey and $29,000 from an investment in an entity that owns the Meritage Resort and Spa and the Grand Reserve at the Meritage in Napa, California.
Interest Income. Interest income was $1.7 million and $2.3 million for the 2024 quarter and the 2023 quarter, respectively. The decrease in interest income in the 2024 quarter was primarily attributable to lower excess cash balances in the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter.
Other Income (Expense). Other income consisted of miscellaneous income of $37,000 in the 2024 quarter and $109,000 in the 2023 quarter.
Interest Expense and Amortization of Discounts and Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs decreased $12.7 million, or 15.6%, to $68.4 million during the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter. The decrease is primarily due to a $8.2 million decrease on the Oaktree loan attributable to a lower principal balance and the Oaktree deferred loan costs becoming fully amortized and a decrease of $7.3 million from our Hotel Dispositions. These decreases were partially offset by higher interest expense of $2.2 million at our comparable hotel properties primarily due to higher interest rates on our variable rate debt, and lower credits to interest expense of $390,000 related to the amortization credit of default interest and late charges recorded on mortgage loans previously in default and $301,000 at our Stirling properties related to a higher interest rate on the new loan. The average SOFR rates for the 2024 quarter and the 2023 quarter were 5.33% and 4.74%, respectively. The average LIBOR rate for the 2023 quarter was 5.10%.
Interest Expense Associated with Hotels in Receivership. Interest expense associated with hotels in receivership increased $3.5 million, from $8.5 million in the 2023 period to $11.9 million in the 2024 period. The increase is due to higher interest rates, default charges and late fees on the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B mortgage loans.
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Write-off of Premiums, Loan Costs and Exit Fees. Write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees increased $2.8 million to $3.8 million in the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter. In the 2024 quarter, we incurred fees of $3.0 million related to loan refinances and modifications, and $796,000 write-off of unamortized loan cost. In the 2023 quarter, we incurred fees of $950,000 related to loan refinances and modifications.
Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives. Realized and unrealized gain on derivatives decreased $11.2 million from $12.6 million in the 2023 quarter to $1.4 million in the 2024 quarter. In the 2024 quarter, we recognized a realized gain of $7.4 million related to payments from counterparties on interest rate caps, partially offset by an unrealized loss of $5.9 million associated with interest rate caps and an unrealized loss of $128,000 from the revaluation of the embedded debt derivative in the Oaktree Agreement. In the 2023 quarter, we recognized a realized gain of $12.0 million related to payments from counterparties on interest rate caps and an unrealized gain of $2.0 million from the revaluation of the embedded debt derivative in the Oaktree Agreement, partially offset by an unrealized loss of $1.3 million associated with interest rate caps.
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit. Income tax expense increased $1.4 million, from $2.1 million in the 2023 quarter to $3.5 million in the 2024 quarter. This increase was primarily due to an increase in current state taxes in the 2024 quarter compared to the 2023 quarter.
(Income) Loss from Consolidated Entities Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests. Our noncontrolling interest partners in consolidated entities were allocated a loss of $8,000 in the 2024 quarter and $0 in the 2023 quarter.
Net (Income) Loss Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership. Noncontrolling interests in operating partnership were allocated net income of $565,000 in the 2024 quarter and a net loss of $349,000 in the 2023 quarter. Redeemable noncontrolling interests represented ownership interests of 1.26% and 1.14% in the operating partnership at June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to the Company. Net income (loss) attributable to the Company changed $207.3 million from a net loss of $85.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 (the “2023 period”) to net income of $121.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 (the “2024 period”) as a result of the factors discussed below.
Revenue. Rooms revenue from our hotel properties decreased $74.1 million, or 13.5%, to $472.8 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. This decrease is attributable to $49.3 million from our Hotel Dispositions, $29.4 million for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership and $687,000 from the Stirling hotel properties, partially offset by higher rooms revenue of $5.3 million at our comparable hotel properties. Our comparable hotel properties experienced an increase of 1.5% in room rates and a decrease of 102 basis points in occupancy.
Food and beverage revenue decreased $8.1 million, or 6.7%, to $112.6 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. This decrease is attributable to $8.0 million from our Hotel Dispositions and $799,000 for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, partially offset by higher sales of food and beverage of $657,000 at our comparable hotel properties.
Other hotel revenue, which consists mainly of Internet access, parking, and spa revenue, decreased $2.0 million, or 5.5%, to $33.6 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. This decrease is attributable to $4.1 million from our Hotel Dispositions and $1.2 million for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, partially offset by higher other revenue of $3.3 million from our comparable hotel properties. Other revenue decreased $107,000, or 7.5%, to $1.3 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period.
Hotel Operating Expenses. Hotel operating expenses decreased $47.5 million, or 10.2%, to $418.3 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. Hotel operating expenses consist of direct expenses from departments associated with revenue streams and indirect expenses associated with support departments and management fees. Direct expenses decreased $23.6 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period, comprised of a decrease of $17.7 million from our Hotel Dispositions and $8.4 million for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, partially offset by an increase of $2.6 million from our comparable hotel properties. Direct expenses were 30.6% of total hotel revenue for the 2024 period and 30.3% for the 2023 period. Indirect expenses and management fees decreased $23.9 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period, comprised of a decrease of $21.6 million from our Hotel Dispositions, $12.2 million for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, and $199,000 from the Stirling hotel properties, partially offset by an increase of $10.0 million from our comparable hotel properties.
Property Taxes, Insurance and Other. Property taxes, insurance and other expense decreased $1.3 million or 3.6%, to $34.3 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period, which was primarily due to a decrease of $2.2 million from our
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Hotel Dispositions and $1.6 million for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, partially offset by an increase of $2.4 million from our comparable hotel properties and $71,000 from the Stirling hotel properties.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased $17.3 million or 18.2%, to $77.7 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period, which consisted of lower depreciation of $2.9 million from our comparable hotel properties primarily related to fully depreciated assets, $10.0 million from our Hotel Dispositions and $4.7 million for the KEYS A and B properties that went into receivership, partially offset by an increase of $292,000 from our Stirling hotel properties.
Advisory Services Fee. Advisory services fee increased $1.4 million, or 5.6%, to $26.7 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. The advisory services fee represents fees incurred in connection with the advisory agreements between Ashford Inc. and the Company and between Ashford Inc. and Stirling OP. In the 2024 period, the advisory services fee was comprised of a base advisory fee of $16.4 million, equity-based compensation of $1.0 million associated with equity grants of our common stock, PSUs, LTIP units and Performance LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc. and reimbursable expenses of $9.2 million. In the 2023 period, the advisory services fee comprised of a base advisory fee of $16.7 million, equity-based compensation of $2.2 million associated with equity grants of our common stock and LTIP units awarded to the officers and employees of Ashford Inc. and reimbursable expenses of $6.3 million.
Corporate, General and Administrative. Corporate, general and administrative expense increased $7.9 million, or 104.9%, to $15.4 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. The increase was primarily attributable to higher reimbursed operating expenses of Ashford Securities of $5.4 million, higher legal and professional fees of $2.5 million, higher other expense of $340,000, partially offset by lower public company cost of $272,000.
Gain (Loss) on Consolidation of VIE and Disposition of Assets and Hotel Properties. Gain on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties increased $93.3 million, from $1.1 million in the 2023 period to $94.4 million in the 2024 period. The gain in the 2024 period was primarily related to the sale of the Residence Inn in Salt Lake City, Utah, Hilton Boston Back Bay in Boston, Massachusetts, Hampton Inn Lawrenceville in Lawrenceville, Georgia, SpringHill Suites Kennesaw in Kennesaw, Georgia, Fairfield Inn Kennesaw in Kennesaw, Georgia, One Ocean in Atlantic Beach, Florida, and Courtyard Hartford Manchester in Manchester, Connecticut. The gain in the 2023 period primarily related to a $1.1 million gain for the consolidation of the VIE, which is represented by the difference between the fair value of the assets and liabilities recognized, the fair value of the non-controlling interest and the previous carrying value of the Company’s investment in 815 Commerce MM.
Gain (Loss) on Derecognition of Assets. Gain on derecognition of assets was $145.6 million in the 2024 period. The gain includes the initial gain of $133.9 million related to the derecognition of assets related to the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B mortgage loans that were placed into receivership in March 2024. Additionally, during the second quarter of 2024 we recognized a gain of $11.7 million, which primarily represents the accrued interest expense associated with the default of the KEYS A and KEYS B loans accrued during the second quarter of 2024, which resulted in a corresponding increase of the contract asset on our consolidated balance sheet as we expect to be released from this obligation upon final resolution with the lender. See note 7.
Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Unconsolidated Entities. Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities was $695,000 in the 2024 period, which consisted of equity in loss of $289,000 from OpenKey and $406,000 from an investment in an entity that owns the Meritage Resort and Spa and the Grand Reserve at the Meritage in Napa, California and $577,000 in the 2023 period which consisted of our share of loss of $302,000 in OpenKey and $275,000 in the Napa resort investment.
Interest Income. Interest income was $3.7 million and $4.9 million in the 2024 period and the 2023 period, respectively. The decrease in interest income in the 2024 period was primarily attributable to lower excess cash balances in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period.
Other Income (Expense). In the 2024 period and the 2023 period we recorded miscellaneous income of $72,000 and $243,000, respectively.
Interest Expense and Amortization of Discounts and Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs decreased $13.1 million, or 8.4%, to $142.4 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. The decrease was primarily due to lower cash interest expense and amortization of loan costs of $10.7 million on the Oaktree loan attributable to a lower principal balance and the Oaktree deferred loan costs becoming fully amortized and $12.0 million from our Hotel Dispositions, partially offset by a $5.7 million increase in interest expense at our comparable hotel properties primarily due to higher interest rates on our variable rate debt and lower credits to interest expense of $3.3 million related to the amortization credit of default interest and late charges recorded on mortgage loans previously in default and $603,000 at our Stirling
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properties related to the new loan with a higher interest rate. The average SOFR rates in the 2024 period and the 2023 period were 5.33% and 4.62%, respectively. The average LIBOR rate in the 2023 period was 4.85%.
Interest Expense Associated with Hotels in Receivership. Interest expense associated with hotels in receivership increased $8.4 million, from $15.6 million in the 2023 period to $24.0 million in the 2024 period. The increase is due to higher interest rates, default charges and late fees on the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B mortgage loans.
Write-off of Premiums, Loan Costs and Exit Fees. Write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees increased $2.4 million to $3.8 million in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period. In the 2024 period, we incurred fees of $3.0 million related to loan refinances and modifications, and $817,000 write-off of unamortized loan cost. In the 2023 period, we incurred fees of $1.3 million related to loan refinances and modifications.
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt. Gain on extinguishment of debt was $45,000 in the 2024 period primarily related to the deed in lieu of foreclosure transaction for the KEYS Pool F mortgage loan.
Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives. Realized and unrealized gain on derivatives decreased $1.1 million from $7.2 million in the 2023 period to $6.1 million in the 2024 period. In the 2024 period, we recognized an unrealized gain of $2.5 million from the revaluation of the embedded debt derivative in the Oaktree Agreement and a realized gain of $16.1 million related to payments from counterparties on interest rate caps, partially offset by an unrealized loss of $12.5 million associated with interest rate caps. In the 2023 period, we recognized a realized gain of $21.5 million related to payments from counterparties on interest rate caps and an unrealized gain of $1.0 million from the revaluation of the embedded debt derivative in the Oaktree Agreement, partially offset by an unrealized loss of $15.4 million associated with interest rate caps.
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit. Income tax expense increased $1.5 million, from $2.3 million in the 2023 period to $3.8 million in the 2024 period. This increase was primarily due to an increase in current state taxes in the 2024 period compared to the 2023 period.
(Income) Loss from Consolidated Entities Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests. Our noncontrolling interest partners in consolidated entities were allocated a loss of $17,000 in the 2024 period.
Net (Income) Loss Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership. Noncontrolling interests in operating partnership were allocated net income of $1.4 million in the 2024 period and a net loss of $949,000 in the 2023 period. Redeemable noncontrolling interests represented ownership interests of 1.26% and 1.14% in the operating partnership at June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity
As of June 30, 2024, the Company held cash and cash equivalents of $121.8 million and restricted cash of $124.5 million, the vast majority of which is comprised of lender and manager-held reserves. As of June 30, 2024, $22.2 million was also due to the Company from third-party hotel managers, most of which is held by one of the Company’s managers and is available to fund hotel operating costs. At June 30, 2024, our net debt to gross assets was 66.1%.
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are primarily comprised of corporate cash invested in short-term U.S. Treasury securities with maturity dates of less than 90 days and corporate cash held at commercial banks in Insured Cash Sweep (“ICS”) accounts, which are fully insured by the FDIC. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents also includes property-level operating cash deposited with commercial banks that have been designated as a Global Systemically Important Bank (“G-SIB”) by the Financial Stability Board (“FSB”) and a small amount deposited with other commercial banks.
Based on our current level of operations, our cash flow from operations, capital market activities, asset sales and our existing cash balances should be adequate to meet upcoming anticipated requirements for interest and principal payments on debt (excluding any potential final maturity payments and paydowns for extension tests), working capital, and capital expenditures for the next 12 months and dividends required to maintain our status as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. With respect to upcoming maturities, no assurances can be given that we will be able to refinance our upcoming maturities. Additionally, no assurances can be given that we will obtain additional financings or, if we do, what the amount and terms will be. Our failure to obtain future financing under favorable terms could adversely impact our ability to execute our business strategy or may result in lender foreclosure.
Our cash position from operations is affected primarily by macro industry movements in occupancy and rate as well as our ability to control costs. Further, interest rates can greatly affect the cost of our debt service as well as the value of any financial
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hedges we may put in place. We monitor industry fundamentals and interest rates very closely. Capital expenditures above our reserves will affect cash flow as well and are impacted by inflation.
Certain of our loan agreements contain cash trap provisions that may be triggered if the performance of our hotels declines below a threshold. When these provisions are triggered, substantially all of the profit generated by our hotels is deposited directly into lockbox accounts and then swept into cash management accounts for the benefit of our various lenders. During a cash trap, certain disbursements from these hotel operating cash receipts would require consent of our lenders. At June 30, 2024, 14 of our hotels were in cash traps and approximately $2.7 million of our restricted cash was subject to these cash traps. Our loans currently in cash traps may remain subject to cash trap provisions for a substantial period of time, which could limit our flexibility and adversely affect our financial condition or our qualification as a REIT.
We have extension options relating to certain property-level loans that will permit us to extend the maturity date of our loans if certain conditions are satisfied at the respective extension dates, including the achievement of debt yield targets required in order to extend such loans. To the extent we decide to extend the maturity date of the debt outstanding under the loans, we may be required to prepay a significant amount of the loans in order to meet the required debt yield targets. There can be no assurances that we will be able to meet the conditions for extensions pursuant to the respective terms of such loans.
If we violate covenants in our debt agreements, we could be required to repay all or a portion of our indebtedness before maturity at a time when we might be unable to arrange financing for such repayment on attractive terms, if at all. The assets of certain of our subsidiaries are pledged under non-recourse indebtedness and are not available to satisfy the debts and other obligations of Ashford Trust or Ashford Trust OP, our operating partnership, and the liabilities of such subsidiaries do not constitute the obligations of Ashford Trust or Ashford Trust OP.
Mortgage and mezzanine loans are nonrecourse to the borrowers, except for customary exceptions or carve-outs that trigger recourse liability to the borrowers in certain limited instances. Recourse obligations typically include only the payment of costs and liabilities suffered by lenders as a result of the occurrence of certain bad acts on the part of the borrower. However, in certain cases, carve-outs could trigger recourse obligations on the part of the borrower with respect to repayment of all or a portion of the outstanding principal amount of the loans. We have entered into customary guaranty agreements pursuant to which we guaranty payment of any recourse liabilities of the borrowers that result from non-recourse carve-outs (which include, but are not limited to, fraud, misrepresentation, willful conduct resulting in waste, misappropriations of rents following an event of default, voluntary bankruptcy filings, unpermitted transfers of collateral, and certain environmental liabilities). In the opinion of management, none of these guaranty agreements, either individually or in the aggregate, are likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition.
We have entered into certain customary guaranty agreements pursuant to which we guaranty payment of any recourse liabilities of our subsidiaries or joint ventures that may result from non-recourse carve-outs, which include, but are not limited to, fraud, misrepresentation, willful misconduct resulting in waste, misappropriations of rents following an event of default, voluntary bankruptcy filings, unpermitted transfers of collateral, delinquency of trade payables and certain environmental liabilities. Certain of these guarantees represent a guaranty of material amounts, and if we are required to make payments under those guarantees, our liquidity could be adversely affected.
We are committed to an investment strategy where we will pursue hotel-related investments as suitable situations arise. Funds for future hotel-related investments are expected to be derived, in whole or in part, from cash on hand, future borrowings under a credit facility or other loans, or proceeds from additional issuances of common stock, preferred stock (including net proceeds from the sale of any shares of Series J Preferred Stock or Series K Preferred Stock), or other securities, asset sales, and joint ventures. However, we have no formal commitment or understanding to invest in additional assets, and there can be no assurance that we will successfully make additional investments. We may, when conditions are suitable, consider additional capital raising opportunities.
Our existing hotel properties are mostly located in developed areas with competing hotel properties. Future occupancy, ADR, and RevPAR of any individual hotel could be materially and adversely affected by an increase in the number or quality of competitive hotel properties, home sharing companies or apartment operators offering short-term rentals in its market area. Competition could also affect the quality and quantity of future investment opportunities.
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Debt Transactions
The Company continues to work with the lender for the KEYS A and KEYS B loan pools on a consensual transfer of ownership of those hotels to the lender, and the Company anticipates that transfer could occur in the second half of 2024. The original lenders previously transferred the loans to a securitization trust. On March 1, 2024, the Company received notice that the hotel properties securing the KEYS A and KEYS B loan pools have been transferred to a court-appointed receiver. Below is a summary of the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A loan and KEYS Pool B loan:
KEYS A Loan Pool
Courtyard Columbus Tipton Lakes – Columbus, IN
Courtyard Old Town – Scottsdale, AZ
Residence Inn Hughes Center – Las Vegas, NV
Residence Inn Phoenix Airport – Phoenix, AZ
Residence Inn San Jose Newark – Newark, CA
SpringHill Suites Manhattan Beach – Hawthorne, CA
SpringHill Suites Plymouth Meeting – Plymouth Meeting, PA
KEYS B Loan Pool
Courtyard Basking Ridge – Basking Ridge, NJ
Courtyard Newark Silicon Valley – Newark, CA
Courtyard Oakland Airport – Oakland, CA
Courtyard Plano Legacy Park – Plano, TX
Residence Inn Plano – Plano, TX
SpringHill Suites BWI Airport – Baltimore, MD
TownePlace Suites Manhattan Beach – Hawthorne, CA
We derecognized the hotel properties securing the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B loans from our consolidated balance sheet in March 2024, when the receiver took control of the hotel properties, and accordingly recognized a gain of $133.9 million, which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations and recorded a contract asset of $378.2 million as of June 30, 2024, which represented the liabilities we expect to be released from upon final resolution with the lenders on the KEYS Pool A and KEYS Pool B mortgage loans in exchange for the transfer of ownership of the respective hotel properties. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized an additional gain of $11.7 million, which is included in “gain (loss) on derecognition of assets” in our consolidated statements of operations that increased the contract asset to a total of $390.1 million at June 30, 2024, which is the amount we expect to be released from. The additional gain primarily represents the additional accrued interest expense recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2024. The $180.7 million KEYS Pool A and the $174.4 million KEYS Pool B mortgage loans as well as all accrued and unpaid interest, default charges and late fees will remain liabilities until final resolution with the lenders is concluded, and thus is included in “indebtedness associated with hotels in receivership” and “accrued interest associated with hotels in receivership” on our consolidated balance sheets. On July 2, 2024, the Courtyard Plano Legacy Park and the Residence Inn Plano were foreclosed on at a public auction.
On March 6, 2024, the Company completed the sale of the Residence Inn in Salt Lake City, Utah for approximately $19.2 million. The Company repaid approximately $19 million of principal on its mortgage loan partially secured by the hotel property.
On March 11, 2024, we entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Oaktree Credit Agreement which, among other items, (i) extends the Credit Agreement to January 15, 2026, (ii) removes the $50 million minimum cash requirement, (iii) removes the 3% increase in the interest rate if cash is below $100 million, (iv) removes the provision in which a default under mortgage indebtedness is a default under the Credit Agreement, (v) increases the interest rate by 3.5% if the principal balance is not less than $100 million as of September 30, 2024 or not fully repaid by March 31, 2025, (vi) terminates all “delayed draw” term loan commitments and the unused fees thereon, (vii) provides for a mandatory prepayment of the Credit Agreement at the end of each calendar quarter in the amount by which unrestricted cash exceeds $75 million for the first three quarters of 2024, $50 million for the fourth quarter of 2024, and $25 million for each quarter thereafter, (viii) provides for a mandatory prepayment of the Credit Agreement in an amount equal to 50% of all net proceeds raised from the issuance of equity, including non-traded preferred stock (increased to 100% of such net proceeds if the principal balance is not less than $100 million as of September 30, 2024 or not fully repaid by March 31, 2025), (ix) removes the option to pay the exit fee in the form of common stock warrants, (x) requires the exit fee to be paid in the form of a 15% cash exit fee (payable entirely in cash), which exit fee shall be reduced to 12.5% if the Oaktree Credit Agreement is repaid on or before September 30, 2024, (xi) requires the Company to use commercially reasonable efforts to sell fifteen specified hotels, (xii) if the principal balance is not
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less than $100 million as of September 30, 2024 or not fully repaid by March 31, 2025, requires the Company to sell eight specified hotels at a minimum sales price within six months, with the net sales proceeds to be applied as a prepayment of the Credit Agreement, (xiii) requires the Company to use commercially reasonable efforts to refinance the Renaissance Nashville hotel property, and (xiv) limits the Company’s ability to perform discretionary capital expenditures.
On March 11, 2024, the Company and Ashford Trust OP, as borrower (the “Borrower”) entered into that certain Limited Waiver to Credit Agreement (the “Limited Waiver to Credit Agreement”) with the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto (the "Lenders") and Oaktree Fund Administration, LLC, as administrative agent. Pursuant to the Limited Waiver to Credit Agreement, the Borrower, the other Loan Parties (as defined in the Oaktree Credit Agreement), the Lenders and the Administrative Agent acknowledged and agreed that:
(a) certain deferred cash grants were or are being awarded to employees and/or officers of the Advisor and/or their affiliates pursuant to equity compensation plans during 2022, 2023 and 2024, in aggregate amounts of $7,950,817 in 2022, $13,063,844 in 2023 and $14,880,846 in 2024 (i.e., $35,895,507 in the aggregate) (the “Specified Deferred Cash Grants”), which the parties agreed may be made (and were or are being made) in lieu of deferred stock grants that would otherwise be permitted and made under the terms of the Advisory Agreement;
(b) accordingly, (i) the departure from the terms of the Advisory Agreement in making the Specified Deferred Cash Grants as described in the foregoing clause (a) shall be deemed to be permitted under Section 7.13(b) of the Credit Agreement; provided, however, the Borrower and the other Loan Parties agree that actual cash payments made under the Specified Deferred Cash Grants, together with any other Restricted Payments (as defined in the Oaktree Credit Agreement) made pursuant to Section 7.06(f) of the Oaktree Credit Agreement, shall not exceed $30,000,000 in the aggregate unless and until the Borrower has repaid in full the principal amount of the Loans, including any Cash Exit Fee Loans (as such terms are defined in the Oaktree Credit Agreement); (ii) the Lenders and the Administrative Agent waive non-compliance with Section 7.13(b), if any, prior to March 11, 2024, which resulted or would result (absent the waiver) from the making of the Specified Deferred Cash Grants in accordance with the foregoing provisions of Section 2 of the Limited Waiver to Credit Agreement, and (iii) effective from March 11, 2024 Section 7.13(b) shall be deemed to be amended to permit the Specified Deferred Cash Grants in accordance with the foregoing provisions of Section 2 of the Limited Waiver to Credit Agreement; and
(c) the waiver contained in the Limited Waiver to Credit Agreement shall be effective only in this instance and for the specific purpose for which it was intended and shall not be deemed to be a consent to any other transaction or matter or waiver of compliance in the future, or a waiver of any preceding or succeeding breach of the same or any other covenant or provision of the Oaktree Credit Agreement.
On April 9, 2024, the Company sold the Hilton Boston Back Bay Hotel for $171 million in cash. The Company also repaid the $98 million mortgage loan secured by the hotel property and used the remaining net proceeds to pay down the Company’s Oaktree loan.
On May 9, 2024, the Company refinanced the $240 million mortgage loan that was secured by the Renaissance Hotel in Nashville, Tennessee and the Westin Hotel in Princeton, New Jersey. The new mortgage loan totals $267.2 million, and has a two-year initial term with three one-year extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The mortgage loan is interest only and provides for a floating interest rate of SOFR + 3.98%. As part of this refinancing, the Westin Princeton is now unencumbered and the Company has listed this property for sale. The Company plans to use the excess proceeds from the refinancing for general corporate purposes including paying down the Company’s strategic financing.
On May 30, 2024, the Company sold the Courtyard Manchester in Manchester, Connecticut for $8.0 million in cash. The Company also repaid the $5.5 million mortgage loan secured by the hotel property.
On June 10, 2024, the Company sold the SpringHill Suites Kennesaw and Fairfield Inn Kennesaw in Kennesaw, Georgia for $17.5 million in cash. The Company also repaid the $10.9 million mortgage loan secured by the hotel property.
On June 27, 2024, the Company sold the One Ocean Resort and Spa in Atlantic Beach, Florida for $87.0 million in cash. The Company also repaid $66.2 million on the mortgage loan of which One Ocean was one of five hotels securing the mortgage loan.
Equity Transactions
On September 9, 2021, the Company and M3A LP (“M3A”) entered into a purchase agreement (the “M3A Purchase Agreement”), which provides that subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, the Company may sell to M3A up to approximately 6.0 million shares of common stock, from time to time during the term of the M3A Purchase Agreement. The Company filed a Form S-3, which was declared effective by the SEC on April 1, 2022, to replace the previous Form S-11 and
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to register for resale any future resales by M3A under the M3A Purchase Agreement. As of August 6, 2024, the Company has issued approximately 900,000 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $12.9 million under the M3A Purchase Agreement.
On March 4, 2022, the Company filed an initial registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC, as amended on April 29, 2022, related to the Company’s non-traded Series J Preferred Stock and Series K Preferred Stock. The registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on May 4, 2022, and contemplates the offering of up to (i) 20.0 million shares of Series J Preferred Stock or Series K Preferred Stock in a primary offering and (ii) 8.0 million shares of Series J Preferred Stock or Series K Preferred Stock pursuant to a dividend reinvestment plan. On May 5, 2022, we filed our prospectus for the offering with the SEC. Ashford Securities, a subsidiary of Ashford Inc., serves as the dealer manager for the offering. As of August 6, 2024, the Company has issued approximately 5.7 million shares (exclusive of the dividend reinvestment plan shares) of Series J Preferred Stock and received net proceeds of approximately $127.2 million and approximately 408,000 shares (exclusive of the dividend reinvestment plan shares) of Series K Preferred Stock and received net proceeds of approximately $9.9 million.
On April 6, 2022, the board of directors approved a stock repurchase program (the “Repurchase Program”) pursuant to which the board of directors granted a repurchase authorization to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock and preferred stock having an aggregate value of up to $200 million. The board of directors’ authorization replaced the 2017 Repurchase Program that the board of directors authorized in December 2017. No shares have been repurchased under the Repurchase Program. The ability to make repurchases under the Repurchase Program is subject to the same financial factors that must be taken into account in declaring a dividend as discussed herein under “Distribution Policy.”
On April 11, 2022, the Company entered into the Virtu Equity Distribution Agreement with Virtu, to sell from time to time shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $100 million. We will pay Virtu a commission of approximately 1% of the gross sales price of the shares of our common stock sold. The Company may also sell some or all of the shares of our common stock to Virtu as principal for its own account at a price agreed upon at the time of sale. As of August 6, 2024, the Company has issued approximately 8.0 million shares of common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $10.8 million under the Virtu Equity Distribution Agreement.
Sources and Uses of Cash
Our principal sources of funds to meet our cash requirements include cash on hand, cash flow from operations, capital market activities, property refinancing proceeds and asset sales. Additionally, our principal uses of funds are expected to include possible operating shortfalls, owner-funded capital expenditures, dividends, new investments, and debt interest and principal payments. Items that impacted our cash flow and liquidity during the periods indicated are summarized as follows:
Net Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities. Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, pursuant to our consolidated statements of cash flows, which includes changes in balance sheet items, were $(38.5) million and $35.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Cash flows provided by (used in) operations were impacted by changes in hotel operations, our hotel dispositions and derecognized assets in 2024, as well as the timing of collecting receivables from hotel guests, paying vendors, settling with derivative counterparties, settling with related parties and settling with hotel managers.
Net Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, net cash flows provided by investing activities were $233.3 million. Cash inflows consisted of $300.0 million of net proceeds from the disposition of assets and hotel properties and $755,000 from property insurance proceeds, partially offset by cash outflows of $64.8 million for capital improvements made to various hotel properties and $2.6 million from the issuance of a note receivable.
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, net cash flows used in investing activities were $49.6 million. Cash outflows primarily consisted of $68.0 million for capital improvements made to various hotel properties and $149,000 of payments for franchise fees, partially offset by cash inflows of $18.2 million related to restricted cash received from the initial consolidation of VIE and $327,000 related to proceeds from property insurance.
Net Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities. For the six months ended June 30, 2024, net cash flows used in financing activities were $260.1 million. Cash outflows primarily consisted of $316.4 million for repayments of indebtedness, $16.6 million for payments of loan costs and exit fees, $9.5 million of payments for preferred dividends and $15.1 million of payments for derivatives, partially offset by $28.2 million of borrowing on indebtedness, $42.3 million of net proceeds from preferred stock offerings, $7.7 million of net proceeds from common stock offerings and $16.4 million from counterparty payments from in-the-money interest rate caps and $3.0 million of contributions from a non-controlling interest in a consolidated entity.
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For the six months ended June 30, 2023, net cash flows used in financing activities were $123.2 million. Cash outflows primarily consisted of $257.5 million for repayments of indebtedness, $9.9 million for payments of loan costs and exit fees, $6.7 million of payments for preferred dividends and $14.2 million of payments for derivatives, partially offset by $99.7 million of borrowings on indebtedness, $34.7 million of net proceeds from preferred stock offerings and $31.0 million from counterparty payments comprised of $21.5 million from in-the-money interest rate caps and $9.5 million from the sales of interest rate caps.
Dividend Policy. Distributions are authorized by our board of directors and declared by us based upon a variety of factors deemed relevant by our directors. The board of directors will continue to review our distribution policy on at least a quarterly basis. Our ability to pay distributions to our preferred or common stockholders will depend, in part, upon our receipt of distributions from our operating partnership. This, in turn, may depend upon receipt of lease payments with respect to our properties from indirect subsidiaries of our operating partnership, the management of our properties by our hotel managers and general business conditions. Distributions to our stockholders are generally taxable to our stockholders as ordinary income. However, since a portion of our investments are equity ownership interests in hotels, which result in depreciation and non-cash charges against our income, a portion of our distributions may constitute a non-taxable return of capital, to the extent of a stockholder’s tax basis in the stock. To the extent that it is consistent with maintaining our REIT status, we may maintain accumulated earnings of Ashford TRS in that entity.
On December 5, 2023, our board of directors reviewed and approved our 2024 dividend policy. We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our outstanding common stock for any quarter during 2024 and expect to pay dividends on our outstanding preferred stock during 2024. Our board of directors will continue to review our dividend policy and make future announcements with respect thereto. We may incur indebtedness to meet distribution requirements imposed on REITs under the Code to the extent that working capital and cash flow from our investments are insufficient to fund required distributions. We may pay dividends in excess of our cash flow.
SEASONALITY
Our properties’ operations historically have been seasonal as certain properties maintain higher occupancy rates during the summer months, while certain other properties maintain higher occupancy rates during the winter months. This seasonality pattern can cause fluctuations in our quarterly lease revenue under our percentage leases. Quarterly revenue also may be adversely affected by renovations and repositionings, our managers’ effectiveness in generating business and by events beyond our control, such as pandemics, extreme weather conditions, natural disasters, terrorist attacks or alerts, civil unrest, government shutdowns, airline strikes or reduced airline capacity, economic factors and other considerations affecting travel. To the extent that cash flows from operations are insufficient during any quarter to enable us to make quarterly distributions to maintain our REIT status due to temporary or seasonal fluctuations in lease revenue, we expect to utilize cash on hand, borrowings and common stock to fund required distributions. However, we cannot make any assurances that we will make distributions in the future.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Our accounting policies that are critical or most important to understanding our financial condition and results of operations and that require management to make the most difficult judgments are described in our 2023 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in these critical accounting policies.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
The following non-GAAP presentations of EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDAre, FFO and Adjusted FFO are presented to help our investors evaluate our operating performance.
EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) before interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs, net, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, as adjusted to reflect only the Company’s portion of EBITDA of unconsolidated entities. In addition, we exclude impairment on real estate, gain/loss on disposition of assets and hotel properties, gain/loss on derecognition of assets and gain/loss of unconsolidated entities to calculate EBITDAre, as defined by NAREIT.
We then further adjust EBITDAre to exclude certain additional items such as write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees, other income/expense, net, transaction and conversion costs, stock/unit-based compensation and non-cash items, such as
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amortization of unfavorable contract liabilities, realized and unrealized gains/losses on derivative instruments, gains/losses on extinguishment of debt, severance, as well as our portion of adjustments to EBITDAre of unconsolidated entities.
We present EBITDA, EBITDAre and Adjusted EBITDAre because we believe they are useful to an investor in evaluating our operating performance because it provides investors with an indication of our ability to incur and service debt, to satisfy general operating expenses, to make capital expenditures and to fund other cash needs or reinvest cash into our business. We also believe it helps investors meaningfully evaluate and compare the results of our operations from period to period by removing the effect of our asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization) from our operating results. Our management team also uses EBITDA as one measure in determining the value of acquisitions and dispositions. EBITDA, EBITDAre and Adjusted EBITDAre as calculated by us may not be comparable to EBITDA, EBITDAre and Adjusted EBITDAre reported by other companies that do not define EBITDA, EBITDAre and Adjusted EBITDAre exactly as we define the terms. EBITDA, EBITDAre and Adjusted EBITDAre do not represent cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered as an alternative to operating income (loss) or net income (loss) determined in accordance with GAAP as an indicator of performance or as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities as determined by GAAP as an indicator of liquidity.
The following table reconciles net income (loss) to EBITDA, EBITDAre and Adjusted EBITDAre (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Net income (loss)$50,811 $(24,957)$123,216 $(86,479)
Interest expense and amortization of discounts and loan costs68,416 81,097 142,377 155,465 
Interest expense associated with hotels in receivership
11,944 8,493 24,042 15,640
Depreciation and amortization37,187 47,154 77,731 95,009
Income tax expense (benefit)3,455 2,062 3,758 2,283 
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities162 181 695 577 
Company’s portion of EBITDA of unconsolidated entities215 157 49 88 
EBITDA172,190 114,187 371,868 182,583 
Gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties(87,441)(1,077)(94,397)(1,053)
Gain (loss) on derecognition of assets
(11,725)— (145,634)— 
EBITDAre73,024 113,110 131,837 181,530 
Amortization of unfavorable contract liabilities(30)18 (61)47 
Transaction and conversion costs2,109 1,033 7,231 1,152 
Write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees3,796 950 3,814 1,370 
Realized and unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives(1,357)(12,583)(6,118)(7,168)
Stock/unit-based compensation723 1,550 1,287 2,883 
Legal, advisory and settlement costs273 — 273 — 
Other (income) expense, net(36)(123)(71)(243)
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt
— — (45)— 
Severance
150 — 150 — 
Company’s portion of adjustments to EBITDAre of unconsolidated entities— 
Adjusted EBITDAre$78,658 $103,955 $138,303 $179,572 
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We calculate FFO and Adjusted FFO in the following table. FFO is calculated on the basis defined by NAREIT, which is net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains or losses on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, impairment charges on real estate assets, and after adjustments for unconsolidated entities and noncontrolling interests in the operating partnership. Adjustments for unconsolidated entities are calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis. NAREIT developed FFO as a relative measure of performance of an equity REIT to recognize that income-producing real estate historically has not depreciated on the basis determined by GAAP. Our calculation of Adjusted FFO excludes write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees, other income/expense, net, transaction and conversion costs, legal, advisory and settlement costs, stock/unit-based compensation, gains/losses on insurance settlements and non-cash items such as deemed dividends on redeemable preferred stock, amortization of loan costs, amortization of credit facility exit fee, default interest and late fees, unrealized gains/losses on derivative instruments, gains/losses on extinguishment of debt and preferred stock, severance, and interest expense associated with hotels in receivership and our portion of adjustments to FFO related to unconsolidated entities. We exclude items from Adjusted FFO that are either non-cash or are not part of our core operations in order to provide a period-over-period comparison of our operating results. We present FFO and Adjusted FFO because we consider FFO and Adjusted FFO important supplemental measures of our operational performance and believe they are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of REITs, many of which present FFO and Adjusted FFO when reporting their results. FFO and Adjusted FFO are intended to exclude GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization, which assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes ratably over time. Historically, however, real estate values have risen or fallen with market conditions. Because FFO and Adjusted FFO exclude depreciation and amortization related to real estate assets, gains and losses from real property dispositions and impairment losses on real estate assets, FFO and Adjusted FFO provide performance measures that, when compared year over year, reflect the effect to operations from trends in occupancy, guestroom rates, operating costs, development activities and interest costs, providing perspective not immediately apparent from net income. We consider FFO and Adjusted FFO to be appropriate measures of our ongoing normalized operating performance as a REIT. We compute FFO in accordance with our interpretation of standards established by NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that either do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREIT definition or interpret the NAREIT definition differently than we do. FFO and Adjusted FFO do not represent cash generated from operating activities as determined by GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to (a) GAAP net income or loss as an indication of our financial performance or (b) GAAP cash flows from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to satisfy our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. However, to facilitate a clear understanding of our historical operating results, we believe that FFO and Adjusted FFO should be considered along with our net income or loss and cash flows reported in the consolidated financial statements.
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The following table reconciles net income (loss) to FFO and Adjusted FFO (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Net income (loss)$50,811 $(24,957)$123,216 $(86,479)
(Income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated entities— 17 — 
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership(565)349 (1,418)949 
Preferred dividends(5,468)(3,752)(10,479)(6,995)
Deemed dividends on redeemable preferred stock(669)(826)(1,351)(1,233)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of preferred stock211 — 1,784 — 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders44,328 (29,186)111,769 (93,758)
Depreciation and amortization of real estate37,187 47,154 77,731 95,009 
Gain (loss) on consolidation of VIE and disposition of assets and hotel properties(87,441)(1,077)(94,397)(1,053)
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests in operating partnership565 (349)1,418 (949)
Equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entities162 181 695 577 
(Gain) loss on derecognition of assets
(11,725)— (145,634)— 
Company’s portion of FFO of unconsolidated entities(47)(67)(454)(354)
FFO available to common stockholders and OP unitholders
(16,971)16,656 (48,872)(528)
Deemed dividends on redeemable preferred stock669 826 1,351 1,233 
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of preferred stock(211)— (1,784)— 
Transaction and conversion costs2,109 1,033 7,231 1,152 
Write-off of premiums, loan costs and exit fees3,796 950 3,814 1,370 
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives6,002 (617)9,955 14,325 
Stock/unit-based compensation723 1,550 1,287 2,883 
Legal, advisory and settlement costs273 — 273 — 
Other (income) expense, net(36)(123)(71)(243)
Amortization of term loan exit fee— 4,640 844 8,796 
Amortization of loan costs3,338 3,614 5,546 6,385 
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt— — (45)— 
Interest expense associated with hotels in receivership
11,944 — 18,495 — 
Severance
150 — 150 — 
Company’s portion of adjustments to FFO of unconsolidated entities— 
Adjusted FFO available to common stockholders and OP unitholders
$11,792 $28,529 $(1,820)$35,374 
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HOTEL PORTFOLIO
The following table presents certain information related to our hotel properties as of June 30, 2024:
Hotel PropertyLocationService TypeTotal Rooms% OwnedOwned Rooms
Fee Simple Properties
Embassy SuitesAustin, TXFull-service150100 150
Embassy SuitesDallas, TXFull-service150100 150
Embassy SuitesHerndon, VAFull-service150100 150
Embassy SuitesLas Vegas, NVFull-service220100 220
Embassy SuitesHouston, TXFull-service150100 150
Embassy SuitesWest Palm Beach, FLFull-service160100 160
Embassy SuitesPhiladelphia, PAFull-service263100 263
Embassy SuitesArlington, VAFull-service269100 269
Embassy SuitesPortland, ORFull-service276100 276
Embassy SuitesSanta Clara, CAFull-service258100 258
Embassy SuitesOrlando, FLFull-service174100 174
Hilton Garden InnJacksonville, FLSelect-service119100 119
Hilton Garden InnAustin, TXSelect-service254100 254
Hilton Garden InnBaltimore, MDSelect-service158100 158
Hilton Garden InnVirginia Beach, VASelect-service176100 176
HiltonHouston, TXFull-service242100 242
HiltonSt. Petersburg, FLFull-service333100 333
HiltonSanta Fe, NMFull-service158100 158
HiltonBloomington, MNFull-service300100 300
HiltonCosta Mesa, CAFull-service486100 486
HiltonParsippany, NJFull-service353100 353
HiltonTampa, FLFull-service238100 238
HiltonAlexandria, VAFull-service252100 252
HiltonSanta Cruz, CAFull-service178100 178
HiltonFt. Worth, TXFull-service294100 294
Hampton Inn (7)
Buford, GASelect-service92100 92
Hampton InnEvansville, INSelect-service140100 140
Hampton InnParsippany, NJSelect-service152100 152
MarriottBeverly Hills, CAFull-service260100 260
MarriottArlington, VAFull-service703100 703
MarriottDallas, TXFull-service265100 265
MarriottFremont, CAFull-service357100 357
MarriottMemphis, TNFull-service232100 232
MarriottIrving, TXFull-service499100 499
MarriottOmaha, NEFull-service300100 300
MarriottSugarland, TXFull-service300100 300
SpringHill Suites by Marriott (7)
Buford, GASelect-service97100 97
Courtyard by MarriottBloomington, INSelect-service117100 117
Courtyard by Marriott - TremontBoston, MASelect-service315100 315
Courtyard by MarriottDenver, COSelect-service202100 202
Courtyard by MarriottGaithersburg, MDSelect-service210100 210
Courtyard by MarriottCrystal City, VASelect-service272100 272
Courtyard by MarriottOverland Park, KSSelect-service168100 168
Courtyard by MarriottFoothill Ranch, CASelect-service156100 156
Courtyard by MarriottAlpharetta, GASelect-service154100 154
Marriott Residence InnEvansville, INSelect-service78100 78
Marriott Residence InnOrlando, FLSelect-service350100 350
Marriott Residence InnFalls Church, VASelect-service159100 159
Marriott Residence InnSan Diego, CASelect-service150100 150
Marriott Residence Inn (7)
Jacksonville, FLSelect-service120100 120
Marriott Residence Inn (7)
Manchester, CTSelect-service96100 96
Sheraton HotelMinneapolis, MNFull-service220100 220
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Hotel PropertyLocationService TypeTotal Rooms% OwnedOwned Rooms
Sheraton HotelIndianapolis, INFull-service378100 378
Sheraton HotelAnchorage, AKFull-service370100 370
Sheraton HotelSan Diego, CAFull-service260100 260
Hyatt RegencyCoral Gables, FLFull-service254100 254
Hyatt RegencyHauppauge, NYFull-service358100 358
Hyatt RegencySavannah, GAFull-service351100 351
RenaissanceNashville, TNFull-service674100 674
Annapolis Historic InnAnnapolis, MDFull-service124100 124
Lakeway Resort & SpaAustin, TXFull-service168100 168
SilversmithChicago, ILFull-service144100 144
The ChurchillWashington, D.C.Full-service173100 173
The MelroseWashington, D.C.Full-service240100 240
Le Pavillon (1)
New Orleans, LAFull-service226100 226
The AshtonFt. Worth, TXFull-service39100 39
WestinPrinceton, NJFull-service296100 296
Hotel IndigoAtlanta, GAFull-service141100 141
Ritz-CarltonAtlanta, GAFull-service444100 444
La Posada de Santa FeSanta Fe, NMFull-service157100 157
Leasehold Properties
La Concha Key West (2) (3)
Key West, FLFull-service160100 160
Renaissance (4)
Palm Springs, CAFull-service410100 410
Hilton (5)
Marietta, GAFull-service200100 200
Le Meridien (6)
Fort Worth, TXFull-service18833 61
Total17,68017,553
________
(1) The Company entered into a new franchise agreement with Marriott to convert the Le Pavillon in New Orleans, Louisiana to a Tribute Portfolio property. The agreement with Marriott calls for the hotel to be converted to a Tribute Portfolio property by December 31, 2024.
(2) The ground lease expires in 2084.
(3) The Company entered into a franchise agreement with Marriott to convert the La Concha Key West Hotel in Key West, Florida to an Autograph Collection property. The agreement with Marriott calls for the hotel to operate under Marriott White Label beginning on November 15, 2023 and to be converted to an Autograph property by April 1, 2025.
(4) The ground lease expires in 2083.
(5) The lease expires in 2054 and includes the lease of the land, hotel and conference center (including the building, improvements, furniture, fixtures and equipment).
(6) The lease expires in 2120 and includes the lease of the land and building. The property is under development.
(7) Property owned by Stirling OP, but consolidated by the Company.
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ITEM 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our primary market risk exposure consists of changes in interest rates on borrowings under our debt instruments. The analysis below presents the sensitivity of the market value of our financial instruments to selected changes in market interest rates.
At June 30, 2024, our total indebtedness of $2.8 billion included $2.5 billion of variable-rate debt. The impact on our results of operations of a 25-basis point change in interest rate on the outstanding balance of variable-rate debt at June 30, 2024 would be approximately $6.3 million per year. However, we currently have various interest rate caps in place that limit this exposure. Interest rate changes have no impact on the remaining $220.1 million of fixed-rate debt.
The above amounts were determined based on the impact of hypothetical interest rates on our borrowings and assume no changes in our capital structure. As the information presented above includes only those exposures that existed at June 30, 2024, it does not consider exposures or positions that could arise after that date. Accordingly, the information presented herein has limited predictive value. As a result, the ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to interest rate fluctuations will depend on exposures that arise during the period, the hedging strategies in place at the time, and the related interest rates.
ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, our management has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2024 (“Evaluation Date”). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective (i) to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms; and (ii) to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On December 20, 2016, a class action lawsuit was filed against one of the Company’s hotel management companies in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of Contra Costa alleging violations of certain California employment laws, which class action affects nine hotels owned by subsidiaries of the Company. The court has entered an order granting class certification with respect to: (i) a statewide class of non-exempt employees of our manager who were allegedly deprived of rest breaks as a result of our manager’s previous written policy requiring its employees to stay on premises during rest breaks; and (ii) a derivative class of non-exempt former employees of our manager who were not paid for allegedly missed breaks upon separation from employment. Notices to potential class members were sent out on February 2, 2021. Potential class members had until April 4, 2021 to opt out of the class; however, the total number of employees in the class has not been definitively determined and is the subject of continuing discovery. The opt-out period has been extended until such time that discovery has concluded. In May 2023, the trial court requested additional briefing from the parties to determine whether the case should be maintained, dismissed, or the class de-certified. After submission of the briefs, the court requested that the parties submit stipulations for the court to rule upon. On February 13, 2024, the judge ordered the parties to submit additional briefing related to on-site breaks. While we believe it is reasonably possible that we may incur a loss associated with this litigation because there remains uncertainty under California law with respect to a significant legal issue, discovery relating to class members continues, and the trial judge retains discretion to award lower penalties than set forth in the applicable California employment laws, we do not believe that any potential loss to the Company is reasonably estimable at this time. As of June 30, 2024, no amounts have been accrued.
We are also engaged in other legal proceedings that have arisen but have not been fully adjudicated. To the extent the claims giving rise to these legal proceedings are not covered by insurance, they relate to the following general types of claims: employment matters, tax matters and matters relating to compliance with applicable law (for example, the Americans with Disabilities Act and similar state laws). The likelihood of loss from these legal proceedings is based on the definitions within contingency accounting literature. We recognize a loss when we believe the loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. Based on the information available to us relating to these legal proceedings and/or our experience in similar legal proceedings,
66


we do not believe the ultimate resolution of these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flow.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, we had a cyber incident that resulted in the potential exposure of certain employee personal information. We have completed an investigation and have identified certain employee information that may have been exposed, but we have not identified that any customer information was exposed. All systems have been restored. We believe that we maintain a sufficient level of insurance coverage related to such events, and the related incremental costs incurred to date are immaterial. In February of 2024, two class action lawsuits were filed, one in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas and a second in the 68th District Court for Dallas County related to the cyber incident. The lawsuit filed in the 68th District Court was subsequently dismissed and refiled in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas. On March 12, 2024, the court ordered the two cases be consolidated. The consolidated case is currently pending in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas. On May 17, 2024, we filed a Motion to Dismiss the Consolidated Class Action Complaint, which is currently pending before the Court. We intend to vigorously defend this matter and do not believe that any potential loss is reasonably estimable at this time. It is reasonably possible that the Company may incur additional costs related to the matter, but we are unable to predict with certainty the ultimate amount or range of potential loss.
Our assessment may change depending upon the development of any current or future legal proceedings, and the final results of such legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. If we ultimately do not prevail in one or more of these legal matters, and the associated realized losses exceed our current estimates of the range of potential losses, our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially adversely affected in future periods.
ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS
The discussion of our business and operations should be read together with the risk factors contained in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which describe various risks and uncertainties to which we are or may become subject. These risks and uncertainties have the potential to affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, strategies, or prospects in a material and adverse manner. As of June 30, 2024, there have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
ITEM 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
The following table provides the information with respect to purchases and forfeitures of shares of our common stock during each of the months in the second quarter of 2024:
PeriodTotal
Number of
Shares
Purchased
Average
Price Paid
Per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
(1)
Maximum Dollar
Value of Shares That
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plan (1)
Common stock:
April 1 - April 30— $— — $200,000 
May 1 - May 31— — — 200,000 
June 1 - June 30— — — 200,000 
Total— $— — 
____________________
(1)On April 6, 2022 the board of directors approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which the board of directors granted a repurchase authorization to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock and preferred stock having an aggregate value of up to $200 million. The board of directors’ authorization replaced the previous repurchase authorization that the board of directors authorized in December 2017.
ITEM 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Agreements
During the three months ended June 30, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading agreement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading agreement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
Amendment No. 1 to the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement
The Company, Ashford Trust OP, Ashford TRS, Ashford Inc. and Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC are parties to that certain Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2024 (as amended, the “Advisory Agreement”).
On August 8, 2024, the parties to the Advisory Agreement entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (the “Amendment”). The Amendment extends the outside date for which any sale or disposition of any of the Company’s eight hotel properties associated with JPM8 following a JPM8 Event of Default (as such terms are defined in the Advisory Agreement) would be excluded from the numerator of the calculation of the percentage of gross book value of the Company’s assets sold or disposed (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation) for purposes of determining whether a Company Change of Control (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) has occurred, from May 31, 2025 to August 31, 2025.
The foregoing description of the Amendment contained in this Item 5 does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Amendment, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.9 and incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 6.EXHIBITS
ExhibitDescription
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
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ExhibitDescription
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.7.1
10.7.2
10.8*
10.9*
10.10*†
31.1*
31.2*
32.1**
32.2**
99.1
The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024 are formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) Consolidated Statements Comprehensive Income (Loss); (iv) Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit); (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In accordance with Rule 402 of Regulation S-T, the XBRL-related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be part of any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentSubmitted electronically with this report.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentSubmitted electronically with this report.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentSubmitted electronically with this report.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.Submitted electronically with this report.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.Submitted electronically with this report.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
___________________________________
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
† Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
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Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
    ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
Date:August 8, 2024By:
/s/ STEPHEN ZSIGRAY
Stephen Zsigray
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:August 8, 2024By:/s/ DERIC S. EUBANKS
Deric S. Eubanks
Chief Financial Officer
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EXHIBIT 10.8

AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE

by and between

ACS ONE OCEAN PROPCO LLC,
a Delaware limited liability company
(“Purchaser”)
and

Ashford Atlantic Beach LP,
a Delaware limited partnership,
and
Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC,
a Delaware limited liability company

(collectively, “Seller”)


One Ocean Resort and Spa at One Ocean Boulevard, Atlantic Beach, Florida 32233





TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS1
1.1Definitions1
ARTICLE II PURCHASE AND SALE; DEPOSIT; PAYMENT OF PURCHASE PRICE; STUDY PERIOD9
2.1Purchase and Sale9
2.2Payment of Purchase Price; Allocation9
2.3Deposit10
2.4Study Period10
ARTICLE III SELLER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
3.1Organization and Power15
3.2Authorization and Execution15
3.3Non-contravention15
3.4Compliance with Existing Laws15
3.5Management Agreement/Operating Agreements15
3.6Condemnation Proceedings; Roadways16
3.7Actions or Proceedings16
3.8Occupancy Agreements16
3.9Seller Is Not a “Foreign Person”17
3.1Bankruptcy17
3.11Terrorism17
3.12Employees17
3.13Rights of First Offer17
3.14Title to Personal Property18
3.15Management Agreement18
3.16Advance Bookings18
3.17Trademark18
3.18Financial Information18
3.19Shared Facilities18
3.2ERISA18
3.21LIMITATION ON SELLER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES19
ARTICLE IV PURCHASER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES21
4.1Organization and Power21
4.2Authorization and Execution21
4.3Non-contravention21
4.4Litigation21
4.5Patriot Act22
4.6Terrorism22
ARTICLE V CONDITIONS PRECEDENT22
5.1As to Purchaser’s Obligations22
5.2As to Seller’s Obligations23
ARTICLE VI COVENANTS OF SELLER AND PURCHASER24
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Page
6.1Operating Agreements/Occupancy Agreements/Leased Property Agreements24
6.2Warranties and Guaranties24
6.3Insurance24
6.4Operation of Property Prior to Closing25
6.5New Employees26
6.6Termination of Hotel Employees; WARN Act26
6.7Employee Claims26
6.8Occupancy Agreement Estoppels27
6.9Tax Clearance27
6.1Termination of Operating Lease and Management Agreement27
6.11Hotel Vehicles27
ARTICLE VII CLOSING27
7.1Closing27
7.2Seller’s Deliveries28
7.3Purchaser’s Deliveries28
7.4Mutual Deliveries29
7.5Closing Costs30
7.6Revenue and Expense Allocations30
7.7Safe Deposit Boxes32
7.8Inventory of Baggage32
7.9Acquisition and Payment for Inventory33
7.1Assumption33
ARTICLE VIII GENERAL PROVISIONS33
8.1Fire or Other Casualty33
8.2Condemnation34
8.3Broker35
8.4Bulk Sale35
8.5Confidentiality35
8.6Liquor Licenses37
8.7Seller’s Accounts Receivable38
8.8Loan Assignment Cooperation39
ARTICLE IX DEFAULT; TERMINATION RIGHTS39
9.1Default by Seller/Failure of Conditions Precedent39
9.2Default by Purchaser/Failure of Conditions Precedent40
9.3Costs and Attorneys’ Fees41
9.4Limitation of Liability41
ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS41
10.1Completeness; Modification41
10.2Assignments41
10.3Successors and Assigns41
10.4Days41
10.5Governing Law42
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Page
10.6Counterparts42
10.7Severability42
10.8Costs42
10.9Notices42
10.1Escrow Agent43
10.11Incorporation by Reference44
10.12Survival44
10.13Further Assurances45
10.14No Partnership45
10.15Time of Essence45
10.16Signatory Exculpation45
10.17Rules of Construction46
10.18No Recording46
10.19Facsimile or Electronic Signatures46
10.2Effective Date46
10.21Survival46
10.22Energy-Efficiency46
10.23Radon47
10.24Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds47


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AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE
THIS AGREEMENT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this “Agreement”) is made as of the Effective Date, by and between ACS One Ocean Propco LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Purchaser”), Ashford Atlantic Beach LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Fee Owner”), and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Operating Lessee”; Fee Owner and Operating Lessee are individually and collectively, as the context so requires, referred to herein as “Seller”).
R E C I T A T I O N S:
A.    Fee Owner is the owner of those certain parcels of real property more particularly described on Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part hereof, and the improvements situated thereon operated by Seller as the One Ocean Resort and Spa (the “Hotel”), situate, lying and being in Duval County, Florida.
B.    Purchaser is desirous of purchasing such real property and improvements from Seller and Seller is desirous of selling such real property and improvements to Purchaser, for the purchase price and upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants, promises and undertakings of the parties hereinafter set forth, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged by the parties, it is agreed:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
1.1    Definitions. The following terms shall have the indicated meanings:
Additional Deposit” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.3.
Additional Title Matters” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Additional Title Objections” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Advance Bookings” shall mean reservations and agreements made or entered into by Fee Owner, Operating Lessee or Manager in the ordinary course of business prior to Closing and assumed by Purchaser for hotel rooms or meeting rooms to be utilized after Closing, or for catering services or other hotel services to be provided after Closing at or by the Hotel.
Affiliate” of a Person shall mean (i) any other Person that is directly or indirectly (through one or more intermediaries) controlled by, under common control with, or controlling such Person, or (ii) any other Person in which such Person has a direct or indirect equity interest constituting at least a majority interest of the total equity of such other Person. For purposes of this definition, “control” shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct
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or cause the direction of the management and policies of any Person or the power to veto major policy decisions of any Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. Each of Fee Owner and Operating Lessee are Affiliates of each other.
Agreement” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.
Antenna Lease” means that certain Building Lease dated February 7, 1996, by and between Operating Lessee and T-Mobile South LLC, as amended by that certain Amendment to Building Lease dated February 7, 1996, Second Amendment to Building Lease dated November 16, 2018, and that certain Third Amendment to Building Lease dated June 1, 2022.
Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorism Laws” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.11 hereof.
Applicable Laws” shall mean any applicable building, zoning, subdivision, environmental, health, safety or other governmental laws, statutes, ordinances, resolutions, rules, codes, regulations, orders or determinations of any Governmental Authority affecting the Property or the ownership, operation, use, maintenance or condition thereof.
Approval Standard” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 6.1 hereof.
Assignment and Assumption Agreement” shall mean an assignment and assumption agreement in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit E whereby Fee Owner and Operating Lessee assign and Purchaser assumes all of its or their respective right, title and interest in and to the Operating Agreements and the Leased Property Agreements that have not been terminated prior to Closing in accordance herewith.
Assignment of Management Services Agreement” shall mean, at Purchaser’s election, either (i) an assignment and assumption of the Management Services Agreement, whereby MSA Owner assigns and Purchaser assumes all of its respective right, title and interest in and to the Management Services Agreement to the extent relating solely to the Hotel and the Antenna Lease and first arising after the Closing (but not including any liabilities relating to any default by MSA Owner thereunder), or (ii) a new management services agreement for the Hotel and the Antenna Lease entered into on the Closing Date between Purchaser and Crestrise.
Assignment of Occupancy Agreements” shall mean an assignment agreement in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit F whereby Fee Owner and/or Operating Lessee assigns and Purchaser assumes all of its or their respective right, title and interest in and to the Occupancy Agreements.
Authorizations” shall mean all licenses, permits and approvals required by any governmental or quasi-governmental agency, body, department, commission, board, bureau,
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instrumentality or office, or otherwise appropriate with respect to the construction, ownership, operation, leasing, maintenance, or use of the Property or any part thereof.
Bill of Sale” shall mean a bill of sale in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit D whereby Fee Owner and/or Operating Lessee conveys its or their respective right, title and interest in and to the Personal Property (other than Leased Property) to Purchaser, together with any Warranties and Guaranties related thereto.
Broker” shall mean Robert Douglas.
Cap” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.12 hereof.
Claim” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.12 hereof.
Claimed Damages” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.24 hereof.
Claim Notice” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.24 hereof.
Closing” shall mean the consummation of the purchase and sale of the Property pursuant to this Agreement and shall be deemed to occur on the Closing Date.
Closing Date” shall mean the date on which the Closing shall occur, but in no event later than June 27, 2024.
Closing Documents” shall mean the documents defined as such in Section 7.1 hereof.
Closing Obligations” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 9.1.
Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
DABT” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 8.6.
Data Site” shall mean https://robertdouglas.egnyte.com/fl/a3znfiT1Mt.
Deed” shall mean a special warranty deed in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit C conveying title to the Real Property from Fee Owner to Purchaser.
Deposit” shall mean all amounts deposited from time to time with Escrow Agent by Purchaser pursuant to and as defined in Section 2.3 hereof, plus all interest or other earnings that may accrue thereon.
Effective Date” (or other similar phrases such as “date of this Agreement” or “date hereof”) shall have the definition ascribed to such term in Section 10.20 hereof.
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Environmental Laws” shall have the definition ascribed to such term in Section 3.21 hereof.
ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA).
Escrow Agent” shall mean Kensington Vanguard National Title, 5949 Sherry Lane, Suite 111, Dallas, Texas 75225, Attn:  Trey Lentz; Email: TLentz@kvnational.com; Phone: (214) 273-2514.
Escrow End Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.24 hereof.
Executive Order” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.11 hereof.
Fee Owner” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.
FIRPTA Certificate” shall mean the affidavit of Seller under Section 1445 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit G.
Governmental Authority” shall mean any federal, state, county, municipal or other government or any governmental or quasi-governmental agency, department, commission, board, bureau, office or instrumentality, foreign or domestic, or any of them.
Hotel” shall have the definition ascribed to such term in the Recitations.
Hotel Employees” shall mean all employees of Fee Owner, Operating Lessee, Manager or any Affiliate thereof employed at the Property.
Improvements” shall mean the Hotel and all other buildings, improvements, and other items of real estate located on the Land.
Initial Deposit” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.3.
Inspection Agreement” shall mean that certain Inspection Agreement dated April 12, 2024, executed by and between Purchaser and Fee Owner.
Insurance Policies” shall mean all policies of insurance maintained by or on behalf of Seller pertaining to the Property, its operation, or any part thereof.
Intangible Personal Property” shall mean, to the extent assignable, Fee Owner’s and/or Operating Lessee’s right, title and interest in and to all intangible personal property owned or possessed by Fee Owner or Operating Lessee and used or held for use in connection with the ownership or operation of the Property, including, without limitation, (1) Authorizations, (2) utility and development rights and privileges, general intangibles, business records, plans and
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specifications pertaining to the Real Property and the Personal Property, (3) any unpaid award for taking by condemnation or any damage to the Land by reason of a change of grade or location of or access to any street or highway, (4) the share of the Rooms Ledger determined under Section 7.6 hereof, (5) the trademark and trade name “One Ocean” and any and all other trademarks, trade names, service marks, logos, domain names and other source-identifying indicia used to identify the Hotel and/or Property and/or any portion thereof, (6) Advance Bookings, (7) Warranties and Guarantees; (8) the goodwill associated with the Hotel; (9) the plans and specifications for the Improvements; (10) any computer systems, software used in connection with any computer systems located at the Hotel, data and programs, operating systems, technology and technical information and copyrights, together with all paper and electronic copies thereof, and (11) direct dial telephone numbers for the Hotel (including trunk lines, extension lines and rollover lines) and DSL, T1 and equivalent lines for data transmission for internet and/or cable providers, excluding (a) Fee Owner’s or Operating Lessee’s cash on hand, in bank accounts and invested with financial or other institutions, and (b) accounts receivable except for the above described share of the Rooms Ledger.
Inventory” shall mean all inventories of food and beverage (to the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, alcoholic and non-alcoholic) in opened or unopened cases whether in use or held in reserve storage for future use, all china, glassware, silverware, kitchen and bar small goods, guest supplies, operating supplies, printing, stationary and uniforms, whether in use or held in reserve storage for future use in connection with the operation of a hotel and all in-use or reserve stock of linens, towels, paper goods, soaps, cleaning supplies and the like with respect to the Hotel.
Land” shall mean those certain parcels of real estate lying and being in Duval County, Florida, and more particularly described on Exhibit A hereof, together with all rights, titles, benefits, easements, privileges, remainders, tenements, hereditaments, interests, reversions and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in any way appertaining, and all of the estate, right, title, interest, claim or demand whatsoever of Seller therein, in and to adjacent strips and gores, if any, between the Land and abutting properties, and in and to adjacent streets, highways, roads, alleys or rights-of-way, and the beds thereof, and rights of access thereto, air rights, excess floor area rights and any other transferable development rights and approvals belonging to or useable with respect to any such parcels, rights to utility connections and hook-ups, and water rights and riparian rights, either at law or in equity, in possession or expectancy, now or hereafter acquired.
Leased Property” shall mean all leased items of Tangible Personal Property, including, items subject to any capital lease, operating lease, financing lease, or any similar agreement.
Leased Property Agreements” shall mean the lease agreements pertaining to the Leased Property.
Limitation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.12 hereof.
Liquor Licenses” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 8.6.
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Management Agreement” shall mean the management agreement between Operating Lessee and Manager for the Management or operation of the Hotel.
Manager” shall mean Remington Lodging & Hospitality, LLC.
Management Services Agreement” shall mean that certain Non Exclusive License Management Services Agreement dated September 2, 2015, by and between Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC (“MSA Owner”) and Crestrise Communications, LLC (“Crestrise”) pursuant to which Crestrise manages the Antenna Lease for the Hotel.
Monetary Encumbrance Release” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Monetary Title Encumbrances” shall mean any title encumbrances affecting the Hotel which are comprised of delinquent taxes or mortgages, deeds of trust, security agreements, or other similar liens or charges in a fixed sum (or capable of computation as a fixed sum) securing indebtedness or obligations which were created or expressly assumed by or on behalf of Seller and/or its Affiliates and any liens against the Property in the nature of or arising from judgments or construction, mechanics, materialman’s or other liens or charges, which were created or expressly assumed by or on behalf of Seller and/or its Affiliates, and notices of commencement, including, without limitation, the following matters listed on ALTA Commitment for Title Insurance issued by Chicago Title Insurance Company under Commitment NO. 5189444-C-FL-CP-LAZ with a Commitment date of April 28, 2024 at 9 a.m.: (i) Schedule B, Part I: requirements 7, 8 and 9; and (ii) Schedule B, Part II: exception 13. For the avoidance of doubt, Monetary Title Encumbrances do not include liens against the Property in the nature of or arising from judgments or pending litigation or construction, mechanics, materialman’s or other liens or charges which are in dispute, or other liens which were not created or expressly assumed by or on behalf of Seller or any of its Affiliates.
Non-Breach Inaccuracy” shall mean a breach or inaccuracy of a representation or warranty contained in Article III of this Agreement of which Seller gives Purchaser written notice prior to Closing or Purchaser otherwise obtains actual knowledge prior to Closing which does not constitute a breach or inaccuracy of any such representation or warranty made as of the Effective Date but would constitute a breach or inaccuracy of such representation or warranty if made as of the Closing Date (i.e., due to an event first arising between the Effective Date and the Closing Date or, to the extent a representation or warranty is qualified by knowledge, because Seller did not have knowledge, as such term is defined in Article III, of such matters as of the Effective Date).
Occupancy Agreements” shall mean all leases, licenses, concession or occupancy agreements in effect with respect to the Real Property and/or Hotel that have been entered into on or before the Effective Date and listed on Schedule 3.8 or following the Effective Date in accordance with Section 6.1, including, without limitation, the Antenna Lease, under which any tenants (other than Hotel guests and Operating Lessee) or concessionaires occupy space upon the Real Property.
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Operating Agreements” shall mean all service, supply, maintenance, construction, capital improvement and other similar contracts in effect with respect to the Property (other than the Occupancy Agreements, Leased Property Agreements and the Management Agreement) related to ownership, construction, operation, or maintenance of the Property.
Operating Lease” shall mean that certain lease agreement between Fee Owner and Operating Lessee with respect to the Property.
Operating Lessee” shall mean Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC.
Owner’s Title Policy” shall mean an ALTA extended coverage owner’s policy of title insurance issued to Purchaser by the Title Company, pursuant to which the Title Company insures Purchaser’s ownership of fee simple title to the Real Property, subject only to Permitted Title Exceptions. The Owner’s Title Policy shall insure Purchaser in the amount of the Purchase Price and shall be in the form customarily used for like transactions in the state where the Land is located.
Person” shall mean an individual, a partnership, a limited liability company, a corporation, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization, or a Governmental Authority.
Permitted Title Exceptions” shall mean those exceptions to title to the Real Property that are satisfactory or deemed satisfactory to Purchaser as determined pursuant to Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Personal Property” shall mean collectively the Tangible Personal Property and the Intangible Personal Property.
Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Agreement” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.24 hereof.
Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 10.24 hereof.
Property” shall mean collectively the Real Property and Personal Property.
Property Agreements” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.21 hereof.
Purchase Price” shall mean Eighty-Seven Million and No/100 Dollars ($87,000,000.00) payable in the manner described in Section 2.2 hereof.
Purchaser” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.
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Purchaser Parties” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.4(a) hereof.
Purchaser’s Objections” shall mean the objections defined as such in Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Real Property” shall mean the Land and the Improvements with respect to the Hotel.
Representatives” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 8.5 hereof.
Rooms Ledger” shall mean the final night’s room revenue for the Hotel (revenue from rooms occupied as of 12:01 a.m. on the Closing Date, exclusive of food, beverage, telephone and similar charges charged or incurred as of such time which shall be shared equally by Purchaser, on the one hand, and Seller, on the other), including any sales taxes, room taxes or other taxes thereon.
Seller Financial Statements” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.18 hereof.
Seller’s Additional Title Response” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Seller’s Additional Title Response Period” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Seller’s Response” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(e).
Seller’s Response Period” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(e).
Seller’s Title Policy” shall mean the title policy defined as such in Section 2.4(b) hereof.
Study Period” shall mean the period commencing on the date of the Inspection Agreement, and continuing through 5:00 p.m. on May 31, 2024. Except as expressly noted herein to the contrary, time periods herein referred to shall mean the time periods as in effect, from time to time, at Dallas, Texas.
Submission Matters” shall have the definition ascribed to such term in Section 2.4(b) hereof.
Survey” shall mean the survey defined as such in Section 2.4(b) hereof.
Tangible Personal Property” shall mean the items of tangible personal property including, but not limited to, all furniture, fixtures, vehicles, equipment, machinery, telephone
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systems, computer hardware and software (to the extent assignable), security systems, Inventory, and other tangible personal property of every kind and nature (which does not include cash-on-hand and petty cash funds) located at the Hotel and owned or leased by Fee Owner or Operating Lessee, including, without limitation, Fee Owner’s or Operating Lessee’s interest as lessee with respect to any such leased Tangible Personal Property.
Taxes” means any federal, state, local or foreign, real property, personal property, sales, use, room, occupancy, ad valorem, employment, tourist development or similar taxes, assessments, levies, charges or fees imposed by any Governmental Authority with respect to the Property or any businesses conducted thereon and/or by Seller, including, without limitation, any interest, penalty, fine or addition to tax with respect thereto, but expressly excluding any (i) federal, state, local or foreign income, capital gain, gross receipts, capital stock, franchise, profits, estate, gift or generation skipping tax incurred by Seller or with respect to the transaction described in this Agreement, or (ii) transfer, documentary stamp, recording or similar tax, levy, charge or fee incurred with respect to the transaction described in this Agreement.
Temporary Liquor Licenses” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 8.6.
Title Commitment” shall mean the title commitment and exception documents defined as such in Section 2.4(e) hereof.
Title Company” shall mean Kensington Vanguard National Title and Nations Title Company, with the premium to be split equally between them, as agent for Chicago Title Insurance Company and/or another national title insurance underwriter selected by Purchaser and reasonably acceptable to Seller.
Updated Survey” shall mean any update to the Survey or other survey of the Property ordered by Purchaser.
WARN Act” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 6.6.
Warranties and Guaranties” shall mean any subsisting and assignable warranties and guaranties relating to the Improvements or the Tangible Personal Property or any part thereof.
ARTICLE II
PURCHASE AND SALE; DEPOSIT; PAYMENT OF
PURCHASE PRICE; STUDY PERIOD
2.1    Purchase and Sale. Seller agrees to sell and Purchaser agrees to purchase the Property for the Purchase Price and in accordance with and subject to the other terms and conditions set forth herein.
2.2    Payment of Purchase Price; Allocation. The Purchase Price shall be paid to Seller in the following manner:
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(a)    Purchaser shall receive a credit against the Purchase Price in an amount equal to the amount of the Deposit.
(b)    Purchaser shall pay the balance of the Purchase Price, as adjusted in the manner specified in Article VII and as set forth below, to Seller (or other party designated by Seller) at Closing by making a wire transfer of immediately available federal funds to the account of Seller (or other party designated by Seller). Such wire transfer shall be sent by Purchaser to the Escrow Agent for the account of Seller no later than 10:00 AM, Dallas, Texas time on the Closing Date.
(c)    Purchaser shall pay state and local deed taxes, documentary stamps, or similar transfer taxes, fees or assessments (the “Transfer Taxes”) and Seller shall credit Purchaser a credit based on the Transfer Taxes due for the portion of the Purchase Price allocated to the Real Property. Accordingly, Purchaser and Seller may use different settlement statements and shall provide the other party with any documents reasonably requested to allow each party to support allocation of the Purchase Price as they see fit. The parties further agree that the full Purchase Price and any allocations of such between real, personal, and intangible property shall not be disclosed, except as required by state or federal law. If necessary, Seller shall assign any right and execute any document reasonably necessary for Purchaser to defend or pursue a refund related to such taxes paid by Purchaser. If the Florida Department of Revenue brings an enforcement action alleging that the Transfer Taxes were underpaid, Purchaser shall have the right to contest such enforcement action.  In the event such enforcement action results in a determination of underpayment of the Transfer Taxes, (i) Seller agrees to pay for any additional Transfer Taxes in excess of the credit provided by Seller at Closing up to the amount of Transfer Taxes that would have been due if the entire Purchase Price was allocated to the Real Property, and (ii) Purchaser will pay for any interest or penalties assessed as a result of such underpayment of the Transfer Taxes. The provisions of this Section 2.2(c) shall survive the Closing.
2.3    Deposit. Within two (2) business days following the Effective Date, Purchaser shall deliver to Escrow Agent (i) a wire transfer or check in the sum of Fifty Dollars ($50.00) payable to the order of Seller representing the independent consideration for Seller’s execution of this Agreement and agreement to provide Purchaser with the Study Period (which check or the proceeds of which wire transfer shall thereafter be delivered by Escrow Agent to Seller and shall not be a part of the Deposit) and (ii) a wire transfer or cashier’s or certified check in the sum of Five Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($500,000.00) (the “Initial Deposit”). If Purchaser fails to timely deposit the Initial Deposit with Escrow Agent, Seller shall be entitled, as Seller’s sole and exclusive remedy, to terminate this Agreement by written notice to Purchaser at any time before the Initial Deposit is delivered to Escrow Agent, in which event neither party shall have any obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. The Initial Deposit shall be invested by Escrow Agent in a commercial bank or banks acceptable to Seller and Purchaser at money market rates, or in such other investments as shall be approved in writing by Seller and Purchaser. The Initial Deposit shall be held and disbursed by Escrow Agent in strict accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement. All accrued interest or other earnings on the Initial Deposit shall
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become part of the Initial Deposit. The Initial Deposit shall be returned to Purchaser if Purchaser, prior to the end of the Study Period, in its sole discretion notifies Seller in writing (which notice may be given by email without regard to the notice requirements of Section 10.9), pursuant to Section 2.4 hereof, that Purchaser is electing to terminate this Agreement. Within one (1) business day after the expiration of the Study Period, if this Agreement has not been sooner terminated in accordance herewith, Purchaser shall deposit with Escrow Agent, by wire transfer an additional deposit in the amount of One Million Five Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($1,500,000.00) (the “Additional Deposit”). If Purchaser fails to timely deposit the Additional Deposit with Escrow Agent, Purchaser shall be deemed to have elected to terminate this Agreement, in which event the Initial Deposit shall be delivered to Purchaser and neither party shall have any obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. The Initial Deposit and the Additional Deposit, plus all interest that accrues thereon, are collectively and individually referred to herein as the “Deposit”. The Deposit shall be either (a) applied at the Closing against the Purchase Price, (b) returned to Purchaser pursuant hereto, or (c) paid to Seller pursuant hereto.
2.4    Study Period.
(a)    Purchaser and its agents, contractors, auditors, engineers, attorneys, employees, consultants, other representatives and potential lessees, partners, and lenders (collectively, “Purchaser Parties”) shall have the right, until 5:00 p.m., Dallas, Texas time on the last day of the Study Period, and thereafter if Purchaser does not notify Seller in writing prior to the expiration of the Study Period that Purchaser has elected to terminate this Agreement and this Agreement is not deemed to have been terminated due to the failure to deposit the Additional Deposit, to enter upon the Real Property upon not less than 24 hours prior notice to Seller (which notice may be given by email without regard to the notice requirements of Section 10.9), and to perform, at Purchaser’s expense, such economic, surveying, engineering, topographic, environmental, marketing and other tests, studies and investigations as Purchaser may deem appropriate. If, in Purchaser’s sole, absolute and unreviewable discretion, Purchaser elects to proceed with the purchase of the Property for the purposes contemplated by Purchaser, then Purchaser shall proceed with this transaction in accordance with and subject to the terms of this Agreement; provided, however, if, prior to the expiration of the Study Period, Purchaser provides written notice to Seller and Escrow Agent that it has determined in its sole, absolute and unreviewable discretion, to terminate this Agreement, this Agreement automatically shall terminate, the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and Purchaser and Seller shall be released from all further liability or obligation hereunder except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. If Purchaser does not provide such written notice of termination prior to the expiration of the Study Period and Purchaser timely deposits the Additional Deposit, the Deposit shall become non-refundable except as otherwise expressly provided herein. Purchaser Parties shall have no discussions, correspondence, or other contact (other than incidental contact) with any Hotel Employees with respect to the Hotel or the Property unless coordinated in advance with Seller.
(b)    Purchaser acknowledges its receipt of the due diligence materials set forth on the Data Site as of the Effective Date. Seller shall, promptly upon request by
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Purchaser, make available to Purchaser on the Data Site, such additional due diligence materials which are in Seller’s possession or control relating to the Property and the operation thereof which are reasonably requested by Purchaser from time to time. All documents and materials provided by Seller to Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement (including, without limitation, any and all documents and materials set forth on the Data Site), together with any copies or reproductions of such documents or materials, or any summaries, abstracts, compilations or other analyses made by or for Purchaser based on the information in such documents or materials, are referred to collectively herein as the “Submission Matters”. Except as expressly set forth in Article III, Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that the Submission Matters are provided without warranty or representation whatsoever.
(c)    If for any reason whatsoever Purchaser does not purchase the Property, Purchaser shall promptly (i) deliver to Seller or destroy all copies of all the Submission Matters and any other materials delivered to Purchaser or Purchaser Parties, and (ii) deliver to Seller following written demand therefor all third-party non-confidential written environmental reports received by Purchaser with respect to the Property (excluding proprietary work product, market and economic studies and analyses, and any attorney-client work product) (provided that Seller shall pay the cost incurred by Purchaser for obtaining such reports); provided, however, that Purchaser shall not be obligated to deliver to Seller any materials of a proprietary nature (such as, for the purposes of example only, any financial forecasts or market repositioning plans) prepared for Purchaser or Purchaser Parties in connection with the Property, and Seller acknowledges that any such materials delivered to Seller pursuant to the provisions of clause (ii) shall be without warranty or representation whatsoever other than that such materials have been fully paid for and may be delivered to Seller. The provisions of this Section 2.4(c) shall survive the termination of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Purchaser and any Purchaser Party may retain copies of any of the Submission Matters to the extent it is “backed-up” on its electronic management and communications systems or servers, is not available to an end user and cannot be expunged without considerable effort.
(d)    Purchaser shall indemnify, hold harmless and defend Fee Owner, Operating Lessee, Manager and each of their subsidiaries, affiliate and parent companies, the respective successors and assigns of each of them, and the officers, directors, partners, members, shareholders, employees and agents of each of the foregoing, from and against any loss, damage, liability or claim for personal injury or property damage and any other loss, damage, liability, claim or lien (but excluding consequential indirect, special and punitive damages, except to the extent owed to third parties) to the extent arising from the acts at or upon the Real Property by Purchaser or Purchaser Parties or any agents, contractors or employees of any of them, but excluding any such loss, damage or claim to the extent caused by the gross negligence or reckless or willful misconduct of Fee Owner, Operating Lessee and/or Manager or its respective agents, contractors, auditors, engineers, attorneys, employees, consultants and other representatives. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Purchaser’s obligations under this Section shall not apply to the mere discovery of a pre-existing environmental or physical condition. Purchaser understands and agrees that any on-site inspections of the Property shall occur at reasonable times agreed upon by Seller and Purchaser after not less than 24 hours prior written notice to Seller (which notice may be given by email without regard to the notice requirements of Section
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10.9), and shall be conducted so as not to interfere unreasonably with the operation of the Property and the use of the Property by the tenants and the guests of the Hotel. Fee Owner, Operating Lessee and/or Manager shall have the right to have a representative present during any such inspections. If Purchaser desires to do any invasive testing at the Property, Purchaser shall do so only after notifying Seller and obtaining Seller’s prior written consent thereto, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed and may be subject to reasonable terms and conditions as may be proposed by Seller. For clarity, Purchaser shall be permitted to perform a Phase I environmental assessment. Purchaser shall not permit any liens to attach to the Property by reason of such inspections. Purchaser shall (i) restore the Property, at its own expense, to substantially the same condition which existed prior to any inspections or other activities of Purchaser thereon; and (ii) be responsible for and pay any and all liens by contractors, subcontractors, materialmen, or laborers performing the inspections or any other work for Purchaser or Purchaser Parties on or related to the Property. All contractors and others performing any tests and studies on the Property shall first present to Seller reasonably satisfactory evidence that such party is adequately insured in order to reasonably protect Fee Owner, Operating Lessee and Manager from any loss, liability, or damage arising out of the performance of such tests or studies. The provisions of this Section 2.4(d) shall survive any termination of this Agreement and a closing of the transaction contemplated hereby.
(e)    Within two (2) days following the Effective Date (if same has not already been ordered), Seller shall order from the Title Company for delivery to Purchaser and Seller, a title insurance commitment issued by the Title Company covering the Real Property, binding the Title Company to issue the Owner’s Title Policy together with legible copies (to the extent such legible copies are available) of all documents identified in such title insurance commitment as exceptions to title together with municipal lien search results which shall include permit status (collectively, the “Title Commitment”), with respect to the state of title to the Property. Purchaser shall order the Updated Survey within ten (10) days after the Effective Date. No later than seven (7) days prior to the expiration of the Study Period, Purchaser shall notify Seller of any matters shown on the Survey, Updated Survey or identified in the Title Commitment that Purchaser is unwilling to accept (collectively, “Purchaser’s Objections”). If any of Purchaser’s Objections consist of Monetary Title Encumbrances, then, to that extent, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, prior to or at Closing Seller shall be obligated to either (i) pay and discharge, (ii) bond against in a manner legally sufficient to cause to be released, or (iii) indemnify or escrow money with or otherwise deliver such instruments and take such actions as required by the Title Company to cause the Title Company to delete or insure over, such Monetary Title Encumbrances such that the Title Company will issue the Title Policy without exception for such Monetary Title Encumbrances (individually and collectively, a “Monetary Encumbrance Release”). For such purposes, Seller may use all or a portion of the Purchase Price to effectuate a Monetary Encumbrance Release with respect to any such Monetary Title Encumbrances at the Closing. Other than as specifically required in this Agreement, Seller shall not be obligated to incur any expenses or incur any liability to cure any Purchaser’s Objections other than with respect to Monetary Title Encumbrances. Seller may notify Purchaser within five (5) days after receipt of notice of Purchaser’s Objections (“Seller’s Response Period”) whether Seller, in its sole discretion, agrees to attempt to cure any of such Purchaser’s Objections (“Seller’s Response”). If Seller agrees in Seller’s Response to attempt to
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cure any of such Purchaser’s Objections (which shall mean that the Purchaser's Objection(s) shall not appear on the Owner’s Policy), Seller shall use good faith efforts (without the obligation to expend any money or incur any liability except with regards to the release of Monetary Encumbrances which Seller shall cause to be released) to cure such Purchaser’s Objections which Seller has agreed to attempt to cure on or before the Closing Date to the reasonable satisfaction of Purchaser and the Title Company. If Seller is unable to cure such Purchaser’s Objections by the Closing Date, Purchaser shall, on the Closing Date, elect (1) to waive such Purchaser’s Objections without any abatement in the Purchase Price, or (2) to terminate this Agreement in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. If Seller does not provide Seller’s Response to Purchaser within Seller’s Response Period, Seller shall be deemed to have elected not to attempt to cure Purchaser’s Objections. If Seller elects in Seller’s Response not to attempt to cure all or any number of Purchaser’s Objections or if Seller is deemed to have elected not to attempt to cure Purchaser’s Objections pursuant to the preceding sentence, within five (5) days after the expiration of Seller’s Response Period, Purchaser shall elect (1) to waive any Purchaser’s Objections which Seller has elected or is deemed to have elected not to attempt to cure without any abatement in the Purchase Price, or (2) to terminate this Agreement in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. In the event Purchaser does not provide to Seller notice of Purchaser’s election under the preceding sentence within such five (5) day period, Purchaser shall be deemed to have elected clause (1) of the preceding sentence. Except as otherwise provided herein, Seller shall not, after the date of this Agreement, voluntarily subject the Real Property to any liens, encumbrances, covenants, conditions, restrictions, easements or other title matters or seek any zoning changes without Purchaser’s prior written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. All title matters revealed by the Title Commitment, Survey and Updated Survey (or any update obtained by Purchaser) which are not objected to by Purchaser as provided above or below (other than Monetary Title Encumbrances which will be covered by a Monetary Encumbrance Release at Closing), or which are waived or deemed waived by Purchaser as provided above, shall all be deemed “Permitted Title Exceptions.”
If any update to the Title Commitment or Updated Survey disclose any additional exceptions to title or survey defects or other matters (“Additional Title Matters”) not previously disclosed on the Title Commitment or the Updated Survey as of the date of Purchaser’s Objections, which Additional Title Matters are not acceptable to Purchaser, then Purchaser shall have the right to make objections to such Additional Title Matters (“Additional Title Objections”) within three (3) Business Days after receipt of such updated Title Commitment and/or Updated Survey (as the case may be). The absence of a timely notice by Purchaser of Additional Title Objections with respect to any Additional Title Matters in accordance with the preceding sentence shall be deemed to constitute Purchaser’s acceptance of such Additional Title Matters and same shall be Permitted Exceptions. If any of Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections consist of Monetary Title Encumbrances, then, to that extent, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Seller shall be obligated to effectuate a Monetary Encumbrance Release with respect to any such Monetary Title Encumbrances at the Closing.
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Seller may notify Purchaser within five (5) days after receipt of notice of Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections (“Seller’s Additional Title Response Period”) whether Seller, in its sole discretion, agrees to attempt to cure any of such Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections (“Seller’s Additional Title Response”). If Seller agrees in Seller’s Additional Title Response to attempt to cure any of such Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections (which shall mean that the Purchaser's Additional Title Objection(s) shall not appear on the Owner’s Policy), Seller shall use good faith efforts (without the obligation to expend any money or incur any liability except with regards to the release of Monetary Encumbrances which Seller shall cause to be released) to cure such Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections which Seller has agreed to attempt to cure on or before the Closing Date to the reasonable satisfaction of Purchaser. If Seller is unable to cure such Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections on or before the Closing Date, Purchaser shall, on the Closing Date, elect (1) to waive such Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections without any abatement in the Purchase Price, or (2) to terminate this Agreement in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. If Seller does not provide Seller’s Additional Title Response to Purchaser within Seller’s Additional Title Response Period, Seller shall be deemed to have elected not to attempt to cure Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections. If Seller elects in Seller’s Additional Title Response not to attempt to cure all or any number of Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections or if Seller is deemed to have elected not to attempt to cure Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections pursuant to the preceding sentence, within five (5) days after the expiration of Seller’s Additional Title Response Period, Purchaser shall elect (1) to waive any Purchaser’s Additional Title Objections which Seller has elected or is deemed to have elected not to attempt to cure without any abatement in the Purchase Price, or (2) to terminate this Agreement in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. In the event Purchaser does not provide to Seller notice of Purchaser’s election under the preceding sentence within such five (5) day period, Purchaser shall be deemed to have elected clause (1) of the preceding sentence. Seller shall use commercially reasonable efforts to close out open, suspended or expired permits and remedy violations and obtain releases of municipal liens before Closing, but in any event Seller shall be responsible for and shall pay prior to the Closing or credit to Purchaser at Closing any and all penalties, interest and/or fines imposed on or before the Closing in connection with any violations and any other costs and expenses of closing out open, suspended or expired permits, remedying violations and obtaining releases of municipal liens. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have no obligation to cure, and Purchaser shall have no termination right hereunder, for any Additional Title Matters caused solely by Purchaser or Purchaser Parties.

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ARTICLE III
SELLER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
To induce Purchaser to enter into this Agreement and to purchase the Property, and to pay the Purchase Price therefor, Seller, except for and subject to information contained in the Submission Matters as of the Effective Date, hereby makes the following representations and warranties:
3.1    Organization and Power. Seller is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of Delaware and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations hereunder and under any document or instrument required to be executed and delivered on behalf of Seller hereunder.
3.2    Authorization and Execution. This Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of Seller, has been duly executed and delivered by Seller, constitutes the valid and binding agreement of Seller and is enforceable in accordance with its terms. The person executing this Agreement on behalf of Seller has the authority to do so.
3.3    Non-contravention. Subject to any consent to the assignment of any particular Operating Agreement, Occupancy Agreement or Leased Property Agreement required by the terms thereof or by applicable law and to the payment in full at the Closing of any Monetary Title Encumbrances, the execution and delivery of, and the performance by Seller of its obligations under, this Agreement does not and will not contravene, or constitute a default under, any provision of applicable law or regulation, Seller’s organizational documents or any agreement, judgment, injunction, order, decree or other instrument binding upon Seller or to which the Property is subject, or result in the creation of any lien or other encumbrance on any asset of Seller.
3.4    Compliance with Existing Laws. Neither Seller nor Manager has received from any Governmental Authority written notice of any violation of any provision of Applicable Laws, including, but not limited to, those of environmental agencies, with respect to the ownership, operation, use, maintenance or condition of the Property which violation has not been remedied.
3.5    Management Agreement/Operating Agreements. There are no material management, service, supply, maintenance, construction, capital improvement or similar contracts in effect with respect to the Property other than (i) the Management Agreement and (ii) the Operating Agreements or Leased Property Agreements disclosed on Schedule 3.5, and to Seller’s knowledge there are no other are no other management, service, supply, maintenance, construction, capital improvement or similar contracts in effect with respect to the Property in effect with respect to the Property. For purposes of this Agreement, an Operating Agreement or Leased Property Agreement shall be deemed material if the payment thereunder exceeds $15,000 in any month or if it cannot be terminated on less than thirty (30) days’ notice (or in any event prior to the Closing) without cost, penalty or liability. Seller and, to Seller’s knowledge, all other parties to Operating Agreements or Leased Property Agreements have performed all of their obligations thereunder in all material respects and are not in default thereunder in any material
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respect. The Operating Agreements and the Leased Property Agreements contained within the Data Site as of the Effective Date constitute all of the material Operating Agreements and Leased Property Agreements as of the Effective Date and are true, correct and complete copies of all Operating Agreements and Leased Property Agreements. Neither Seller nor Manager has neither given or received any written notice of any breach or default under any of the Operating Agreements or Leased Property Agreements which has not been cured. Neither Seller nor Manager has received any written notice of any intention by any of the parties to any of the Operating Agreements or Leased Property Agreements to cancel the same, nor has Seller canceled any of same.
3.6    Condemnation Proceedings; Roadways. Neither Seller nor Manager has received written notice of any condemnation or eminent domain proceeding pending or proposed against the Property or any part thereof.
3.7    Actions or Proceedings. Neither Seller nor Manager has received written notice of any suit or proceeding in any court, before any arbitrator, or before or by any Governmental Authority which (a) in any manner raises any question affecting the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which Seller is a party or by which it is bound and that is or is to be used in connection with, or is contemplated by, this Agreement, (b) would adversely affect in any material respect the business, results of operations or operation of the Property as presently conducted, or (c) would create a lien on the Property, any part thereof or any interest therein which would not be discharged at Closing.
3.8    Occupancy Agreements. There are no leases, concessions or occupancy agreements in effect with respect to the Real Property other than as disclosed on Schedule 3.8. Seller and, to Seller’s knowledge, all other parties to the Occupancy Agreements have performed all of their obligations thereunder in all material respects and are not in default thereunder in any material respect. Neither Seller nor Manager has given or received any written notice of any breach or default under any of the Occupancy Agreements which has not been cured and, to Seller’s knowledge, no event has occurred or circumstance exist which, with notice or the passage of time, would result in a material breach or default by Seller or the tenant under any Occupancy Agreements. No tenant has paid rent more than one (1) month in advance, no tenant is entitled to any “free rent” periods or other concessions under any Occupancy Agreement except as expressly set forth therein. Neither Seller nor Manager has received or is holding any security or other deposits from any tenant under any Occupancy Agreement, and all security deposits (or applicable portions thereof) now or previously held by or for Seller under the Occupancy Agreements have been held and applied in accordance with the terms of the applicable Occupancy Agreements. No leasing or similar commissions are payable by Seller with respect to any of the Occupancy Agreements. Seller has no material unperformed obligation to construct or pay or reimburse the costs of any improvements, to pay relocation costs, or any similar obligation pursuant to the Occupancy Agreements, except as expressly set forth therein.
3.9    Seller Is Not a “Foreign Person”. Seller is not a “foreign person” within the meaning of Section 1445 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (i.e., Seller is not a
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foreign corporation, foreign partnership, foreign trust, foreign estate or foreign person as those terms are defined in the Internal Revenue Code and regulations promulgated thereunder).
3.10    Bankruptcy. Seller has not (i) made a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (ii) filed any voluntary petition in bankruptcy or suffered the filing of any involuntary petition by Seller’s creditors that remains pending, (iii) suffered the appointment of a receiver to take possession of all, or substantially all, of Seller’s assets that remains pending, (iv) suffered the attachment or other judicial seizure of all, or substantially all of Seller’s assets that remains pending, (v) admitted in writing its inability to pay its debts as they come due or (vi) made an offer of settlement, extension or composition to its creditors generally.
3.11    Terrorism. None of Seller or its Affiliates is in violation of any laws relating to terrorism, money laundering or the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Action of 2001, Public Law 107-56 and Executive Order No. 13224 (Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism) (the “Executive Order”) (collectively, the “Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Laws”). For purposes of this Section 3.11, any interest in Seller or its Affiliates held via public shares is not included in this representation.
(1)    None of Seller or its Affiliates, is acting, directly or indirectly, on behalf of terrorists, terrorist organizations or narcotics traffickers, including those persons or entities that appear on the Annex to the Executive Order, or are included on any relevant lists maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of U.S. Department of Treasury, U.S. Department of State, or other U.S. government agencies, all as may be amended from time to time.
(2)    None of Seller or its Affiliates (i) conducts any business or engages in making or receiving any contribution of funds, goods or services to or for the benefit of any person included in the lists set forth in the preceding paragraph; (ii) deals in, or otherwise engages in any transaction relating to, any property or interests in property blocked pursuant to the Executive Order; or (iii) engages in or conspires to engage in any transaction that evades or avoids, or has the purpose of evading or avoiding, or attempts to violate, any of the prohibitions set forth in any Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Laws.
3.12    Employees. Seller does not have and has never had any employees. All Hotel Employees are employees of Manager. There are no agreements with any labor union with respect to the employees or the Property or the Hotel. To Seller’s knowledge, (i) there is not now pending or threatened in writing any administrative, arbitration or similar proceeding by a union against the Property or the Hotel or Manager or Seller with respect to the Hotel or the Property and (ii) there is not now pending or threatened in writing any petition, demand for recognition, strikes or work stoppages against the Hotel or the Property or Manager or Seller with respect to the Hotel or the Property.
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3.13    Rights of First Offer. Seller is not a party to and has not granted to a third party, and neither the Hotel nor the Property is subject to, a right of first refusal, first offer or option to any Person for the purchase or acquisition of the Hotel or the Property.
3.14    Title to Personal Property. Seller has good title to all of the Tangible Personal Property other than the Leased Property, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and security interests.
3.15    Management Agreement. There are no existing management agreements or franchise agreements relating to the Hotel other than the Management Agreement.
3.16    Advance Bookings. To Seller’s knowledge, Seller has delivered to Purchaser a correct and complete (in all material respects) list of all Advance Bookings as of a date no later than five (5) days prior to the Effective Date, which shall be updated by Seller as of Closing and delivered to Purchaser at Closing.
3.17    Trademark. Seller is the owner of all right, title, and interest in and to U.S. Reg. No. 3481326 free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and security interests. To Seller’s knowledge, there are no other parties that have any rights in the “One Ocean” name or logo that would interfere with Seller’s right to: (a) use the marks in connection with the operation of the Hotel; or (b) assign the marks to Purchaser at Closing free and clear of all liens, claims and encumbrances.
3.18    Financial Information. Seller has provided to Purchaser true, correct and complete copies of the operating statements for the Hotel for the previous three (3) calendar years and the current year to date (the “Seller Financial Statements”). To Seller’s knowledge, the Seller Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with sound accounting principles applied consistently with past practices consistently applied and fairly present, in all material respects, the financial position of the Hotel at the end of each such period and the result of the operations thereof for each such period.
3.19    Shared Facilities. Other than the offsite laundry facility disclosed in the Submission Matters as of the Effective Date, all material Hotel operations are conducted at the Real Property, and the Hotel does not rely on the use of off-site facilities for any of its operations or to satisfy any Applicable Law.
3.20    ERISA. Seller is not and is not acting on behalf of (a) an “employee benefit plan” within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA, (b) a “plan” within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended or (c) an entity deemed to hold “plan assets” within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. §2510.3-101, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, of any such employee benefit plan or plans.
Each of the representations and warranties contained in this Article III and its various subparagraphs are intended for the benefit of Purchaser and may be waived in whole or in part, by Purchaser. Subject to the limitations contained in Section 10.12 hereof, all of the representations and warranties set forth in this Article III and all rights and remedies arising in
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connection with the untruth or inaccuracy of any such representations and warranties shall survive the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby as provided in Section 10.12.
The term “to Seller’s knowledge” or similar phrase as used in this Article III, shall mean the then actual knowledge of the designated asset manager of Seller for the Property, without any duty of investigation or inquiry other than the inquiry of the general manager of the Hotel. Such designated asset manager and general manager shall have no personal liability for such representations.
3.21    LIMITATION ON SELLER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT, OTHER THAN A REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT (A BREACH OF WHICH PURCHASER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND SUBJECT TO ARTICLE IX AND SECTION 10.12 OF THIS AGREEMENT) OR AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR A CLOSING DOCUMENT, THE PROPERTY IS SOLD “AS IS” “WHERE IS” AND “WITH ALL FAULTS” AND NEITHER SELLER, NOR ANY AGENT OR REPRESENTATIVE OF SELLER, HAS MADE, NOR IS SELLER LIABLE FOR OR BOUND IN ANY MANNER BY ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, GUARANTEES, PROMISES, STATEMENTS, INDUCEMENTS, REPRESENTATIONS OR INFORMATION PERTAINING TO THE PROPERTY OR ANY PART THEREOF, THE PHYSICAL CONDITION, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION, INCOME, EXPENSES OR OPERATION THEREOF, THE USES WHICH CAN BE MADE OF THE SAME OR ANY OTHER MATTER OR THING WITH RESPECT THERETO, INCLUDING ANY EXISTING OR PROSPECTIVE LEASES. WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING, PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT, OTHER THAN A REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT (A BREACH OF WHICH PURCHASER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND SUBJECT TO ARTICLE IX AND SECTION 10.12 OF THIS AGREEMENT) OR AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR A CLOSING DOCUMENT, SELLER IS NOT LIABLE FOR OR BOUND BY (AND PURCHASER HAS NOT RELIED UPON) ANY ORAL OR WRITTEN STATEMENTS, REPRESENTATIONS, OR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERTAINING TO THE OPERATION OF THE PROPERTY, OR ANY OTHER INFORMATION RESPECTING THE PROPERTY FURNISHED BY SELLER OR ANY EMPLOYEE, AGENT, CONSULTANT OR OTHER PERSON REPRESENTING OR PURPORTEDLY REPRESENTING SELLER. PURCHASER FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES, AGREES, AND REPRESENTS THAT, OTHER THAN A REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT (A BREACH OF WHICH PURCHASER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND SUBJECT TO ARTICLE IX AND SECTION 10.12 OF THIS AGREEMENT) OR AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR A CLOSING DOCUMENT, IT SHALL BE PURCHASING THE PROPERTY IN AN “AS IS” “WHERE IS” AND “WITH ALL FAULTS” CONDITION AT THE DATE OF CLOSING WITH RESPECT TO THE STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL ELEMENTS OF THE PROPERTY, THE PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION OF THE PROPERTY, THE FIRE-LIFE SAFETY SYSTEMS AND THE FURNITURE, FIXTURES AND EQUIPMENT LOCATED THEREON OR ATTACHED
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THERETO, ALL OF WHICH PURCHASER AND ITS CONSULTANTS SHALL HAVE INSPECTED AND EITHER APPROVED OR WAIVED OBJECTION TO ON OR PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF THE STUDY PERIOD AND/OR THE CLOSING AND PURCHASER HEREBY RELEASES FEE OWNER, OPERATING LESSEE AND THEIR AFFILIATES FROM ANY AND ALL OBLIGATIONS, LIABILITIES, CLAIMS, DEMANDS, SUITS, CAUSES OF ACTION, DAMAGES, JUDGMENTS, COSTS AND EXPENSES RELATING TO ANY OF THE FOREGOING. PURCHASER ALSO REPRESENTS THAT, AS OF THE CLOSING DATE, IT SHALL HAVE INDEPENDENTLY INVESTIGATED, ANALYZED AND APPRAISED TO ITS SATISFACTION THE VALUE AND THE PROFITABILITY OF THE PROPERTY. PURCHASER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT, TO THE EXTENT REQUIRED TO BE OPERATIVE, THE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION ARE “CONSPICUOUS” DISCLAIMERS FOR PURPOSES OF ANY APPLICABLE LAW, RULE, REGULATION OR ORDER. THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 3.21 SHALL SURVIVE THE CLOSING. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL IN ANY WAY LIMIT SPECIFIC REPRESENTATIONS MADE BY SELLER UNDER THIS ARTICLE III.
Purchaser recognizes that the Hotel and Personal Property are not new and that there exists a possibility that the Property is not in compliance with the requirements which would be imposed on a newly constructed hotel by presently effective federal, state and local building, plumbing, electrical, fire, health, disability, environmental and life safety laws, codes, ordinances, rules, orders and/or regulations (collectively, the “building codes”). The Hotel and other improvements on the Land may contain substances or materials no longer permitted to be used in newly constructed buildings including, without limitation, asbestos or other insulation materials, lead or other paints, wiring, electrical, or plumbing materials and may not contain other materials or equipment required to be installed in a newly constructed building. Purchaser shall have the opportunity to review the results of such investigations and inspections of the Property as Purchaser deemed necessary with respect to all such matters. Subject to Purchaser’s rights to terminate pursuant to Section 2.4 and Purchaser’s rights set forth in this Agreement, Purchaser agrees to accept and shall purchase the Property in an “AS-IS, WHERE IS” condition and at Closing to accept and assume the risk of noncompliance of the Property with all such building codes. Except with respect to those representations and warranties expressly set forth in this Agreement and the other provisions of this Agreement, Purchaser waives any right to excuse or delay performance of its obligations under this Agreement or to assert any claim against Seller (before or after Closing) arising out of any failure of the Property to comply with any such building codes. Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that Seller has endeavored to provide copies to Purchaser all of the Operating Agreements, Occupancy Agreements, Leased Property Agreements, the Authorizations and the Warranties and Guaranties (the “Property Agreements”). Purchaser further acknowledges that Seller is relying on Manager to provide copies of the Property Agreements. Purchaser acknowledges that except with respect to those representations and warranties expressly set forth in this Agreement (a breach of which Purchaser may maintain an action in accordance with and subject to Article IX and Section 10.12 of this Agreement) and the other provisions of this Agreement, Purchaser hereby waives any claims Purchaser may have for the fact that a particular Property Agreement may not have been provided to Purchaser for its
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review, provided, however, Purchaser shall not be required to assume any Property Agreement which was not provided to Purchaser for its review.
Except with respect to those representations and warranties expressly set forth in this Agreement (a breach of which Purchaser may maintain an action in accordance with and subject to Article IX and Section 10.12 of this Agreement) and the other provisions of this Agreement, it is specifically understood and agreed by Seller and Purchaser that Seller does not make, and shall not be deemed to have made, any representation, warranty or covenant with respect to (i) any Environmental Laws that may affect any of the Property or (ii) the presence or absence of any Hazardous or Toxic Substances in, on, above, under or about any of the Property. Purchaser, for itself and its successors in interest, hereby releases Seller and its Affiliates from, and waives all claims and liability against Seller and its Affiliates for or attributable to, any structural, physical and/or environmental condition at the Property, including without limitation the presence, discovery or removal of any Hazardous Substances or Toxic Substances in, at, about or under such Property, or connected with or arising out of any and all claims or causes of action based upon any Environmental Laws, including, without limitation, CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended by SARA Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act of 1986 and as may be further amended from time to time) or any related claims or causes of action or any other federal or state based statutory or regulatory or other causes of action for environmental contamination at, in or under any Property. As used in this Agreement, (A) the term “Environmental Laws” means all federal, State and local laws, codes, ordinances, rules, orders and regulations now or hereafter in effect relating to pollution or the protection of the environment, including without limitation, all laws, codes, ordinances, rules, orders and regulations governing the generation, use, collection, treatment, storage, transportation, recovery, removal, discharge, spill or disposal of any or all Hazardous or Toxic Substances, and (B) the term “Hazardous Substances” or “Toxic Substances” means materials and substances defined as “hazardous substances”, “hazardous wastes”, “toxic substances” or “toxic wastes” in (I) the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, 42 U.S.C. Sections 9601-9675, as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1988, and any further amendments thereto and rules, orders and regulations thereunder; (II) the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, 42 U.S.C. Sections 6901-6992, as amended by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984, and any further amendments thereto and rules, orders and regulations thereunder; or (III) any other Environmental Laws.
ARTICLE IV
PURCHASER’S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
To induce Seller to enter into this Agreement and to sell the Property, Purchaser hereby makes the following representations and warranties:
4.1    Organization and Power. Purchaser is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and any document or instrument required to be executed and delivered on behalf of Purchaser hereunder.
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4.2    Authorization and Execution. This Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of Purchaser, has been duly executed and delivered by Purchaser, constitutes the valid and binding agreement of Purchaser and is enforceable in accordance with its terms. The person executing this Agreement on behalf of Purchaser has the authority to do so.
4.3    Non-contravention. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance by Purchaser of its obligations hereunder do not and will not contravene, or constitute a default under, any provisions of applicable law or regulation, Purchaser’s organizational documents, or any agreement, judgment, injunction, order, decree or other instrument binding upon Purchaser or result in the creation of any lien or other encumbrance on any asset of Purchaser.
4.4    Litigation. There is no action, suit or proceeding, pending or known to be threatened, against or affecting Purchaser in any court or before any arbitrator or before any Governmental Authority which (a) in any manner raises any question affecting the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which Purchaser is a party or by which it is bound and that is to be used in connection with, or is contemplated by, this Agreement, (b) would materially and adversely affect the business, financial position or results of operations of Purchaser, or (c) would materially and adversely affect the ability of Purchaser to perform its obligations hereunder, or under any document to be delivered pursuant hereto.
4.5    Patriot Act. Purchaser is not acting, directly or indirectly, for or on behalf of any person, group, entity or nation named by the United States Treasury Department as a Specifically Designated National and Blocked person, or for or on behalf of any person, group, entity or nation designated in Presidential Executive Order 13224 as a person who commits, threatens to commit, or supports terrorism; and it is not engaged in this transaction directly or indirectly on behalf of, or facilitating this transaction directly or indirectly on behalf of, any such person, group, entity or nation.
4.6    Terrorism. None of Purchaser or, to Purchaser’s actual knowledge, its Affiliates, is in violation of any Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Laws.
(a)    None of Purchaser or, to Purchaser’s actual knowledge, its Affiliates, is acting, directly or indirectly, on behalf of terrorists, terrorist organizations or narcotics traffickers, including those persons or entities that appear on the Annex to the Executive Order, or are included on any relevant lists maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of U.S. Department of Treasury, U.S. Department of State, or other U.S. government agencies, all as may be amended from time to time.
(b)    None of Purchaser or, to Purchaser’s actual knowledge, its Affiliates or, without inquiry, any of its brokers or other agents, in any capacity in connection with the purchase of the Property (i) conducts any business or engages in making or receiving any contribution of funds, goods or services to or for the benefit of any person included in the lists set forth in the preceding paragraph; (ii) deals in, or otherwise engages in any transaction relating to, any property or interests in property blocked pursuant to the Executive Order; or
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(iii) engages in or conspires to engage in any transaction that evades or avoids, or has the purpose of evading or avoiding, or attempts to violate, any of the prohibitions set forth in any Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorism Laws.
The term “to Purchaser’s knowledge” or similar phrase as used in this Article IV, shall mean the then actual knowledge Jason Altberger and Gavin Royster without further investigation or inquiry and without personal liability to such individuals.
ARTICLE V
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
5.1    As to Purchaser’s Obligations. Purchaser shall have the remedies and Closing obligations set forth in Section 9.1 hereof, which section contains the sole and exclusive remedies and Closing obligations of Purchaser, if any of the following conditions are not satisfied or waived by Purchaser on or before the Closing Date (unless the failure to satisfy such condition is caused by the default of Purchaser or its Affiliates under this Agreement, or is otherwise within the reasonable control of Purchaser):
(a)    Seller’s Deliveries. Seller shall have delivered to or for the benefit of Purchaser, on or before the Closing Date, all of the documents required of Seller pursuant to Sections 7.2 and 7.4 hereof.
(b)    Representations, Warranties and Covenants; Obligations of Seller. All of Seller’s representations and warranties made in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date as if then made (except for untruths or inaccuracies of which Purchaser obtains actual knowledge prior to the expiration of the Study Period) and Seller shall have performed in all material respects all of its covenants and other obligations under this Agreement.
(c)    Operating Lease and Management Agreement. The Operating Lease between Fee Owner and Operating Lessee and the Management Agreement between Operating Lessee and Manager shall be terminated without cost or expense to Purchaser.
(d)    Owner’s Title Policy. The Title Company shall be prepared to issue the Owner’s Title Policy in favor of Purchaser, in an amount not less than the portion of the Purchase Price allocated to real property, and being subject only to the Permitted Title Exceptions.
(e)    Tax Clearance. Purchaser shall have received a certificate of compliance from the Florida Department of Revenue (the “DOR”) with respect to each entity comprising the Seller that pays sales taxes to the DOR issued pursuant to §213.758, Florida Statutes, showing that such Seller has not received a notice of audit and including such other statements as are customary included in a compliance certificate reflecting that Seller is in good standing with the DOR, and the comparable certificate from the local municipality with respect to payment of tourist development taxes, if applicable (“Tax Clearance Certificates”).
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Each of the conditions contained in this Section are intended for the benefit of Purchaser and may be waived in whole or in part, in writing, by Purchaser or automatically if Purchaser proceeds to Closing.
5.2    As to Seller’s Obligations. Seller shall have the remedies and Closing obligations set forth in Section 9.2 hereof, which section contains the sole and exclusive remedies and Closing obligations of Seller, if any of the following conditions are not satisfied or waived by Seller on or before the Closing Date (unless the failure to satisfy such condition is caused by the default of Seller or its Affiliates under this Agreement, or is otherwise within the reasonable control of Seller):
(a)    Purchaser’s Deliveries. Purchaser shall have delivered to or for the benefit of Seller, on or before the Closing Date, all of the documents and payments required of Purchaser pursuant to Sections 7.3 and 7.4 hereof.
(b)    Representations, Warranties and Covenants; Obligations of Purchaser. All of Purchaser’s representations and warranties made in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof and as of the date of Closing as if then made and Purchaser shall have performed in all material respects all of its covenants and other obligations under this Agreement.
Each of the conditions contained in this Section are intended for the benefit of Seller and may be waived in whole or in part, in writing, by Seller or automatically if Seller proceeds to Closing.
ARTICLE VI
COVENANTS OF SELLER AND PURCHASER
6.1    Operating Agreements/Occupancy Agreements/Leased Property Agreements. From and after the Effective Date, Fee Owner and Operating Lessee shall not enter into any new Operating Agreements, Occupancy Agreements or Leased Property Agreements or any modifications, renewals or terminations to any such agreements except as required by the terms thereof, unless (a) any such agreement or modification will not bind Purchaser or the Property after the date of Closing or is subject to termination on not more than sixty (60) days’ notice (and in any event prior to the Closing) without cost, penalty or liability, or (b) Seller has obtained Purchaser’s prior written consent to such agreement or modification, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed and shall be deemed given if, within five (5) business days following Purchaser’s receipt of Seller’s or Operating Lessee’s request, Purchaser fails to provide Seller with a reasonably detailed written description of the reason Purchaser withholds its consent and, if applicable, a statement of those changes, which, if made, would cause Purchaser to grant its consent (the “Approval Standard”). Seller shall promptly notify Purchaser of any such new, amended or terminated Operating Agreements, Occupancy Agreements or Leased Property Agreements and Seller will send copies of such documentation to Purchaser as soon as it is received by Seller. Seller, at no cost to Seller, shall take reasonable efforts to assist Purchaser in obtaining any required consents to the assignment to Purchaser of the Operating Agreements or Leased Property Agreements; provided, however, Purchaser shall
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pay all fees, charges and expenses relating to such consents. Seller may cancel any Operating Agreement, Occupancy Agreement or Leased Property Agreement at any time prior to the Closing with the prior written consent of Purchaser, which consent shall be subject to the Approval Standard; provided, however, if Seller elects to cancel any such agreement, Seller shall pay any termination fee associated with such termination, and shall give Purchaser notice of such termination. In addition, if requested by Purchaser in writing, Seller shall promptly following such request send termination notices for any Operating Agreement or Leased Property Agreements which can be terminated at or prior the Closing without cost, penalty or liability to Seller. Seller will pay all charges prior to delinquency under such Operating Agreements, Occupancy Agreements or Leased Property Agreements, and Seller will perform all of its obligations under such Operating Agreements, Occupancy Agreements or Leased Property Agreements.
6.2    Warranties and Guaranties. Neither Fee Owner nor Operating Lessee shall before or after Closing release or modify any Warranties and Guaranties, if any, except with the prior written consent of Purchaser, which consent shall be subject to the Approval Standard.
6.3    Insurance. Fee Owner and Operating Lessee shall pay all premiums on, and shall not cancel or voluntarily allow to expire, any of Fee Owner’s or Operating Lessee’s Insurance Policies unless such policy is replaced, without any lapse of coverage, by another policy or policies providing coverage at least as extensive as the policy or policies being replaced.
6.4    Operation of Property Prior to Closing. Seller covenants and agrees with Purchaser that, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, between the date of this Agreement and the date of Closing:
(a)    Subject to the restrictions contained herein, as well as seasonal differences and events or conditions beyond Seller’s reasonable control, Seller shall operate and maintain the Property in substantially the same manner in which it operated and maintained the Property prior to the execution of this Agreement (including performing maintenance and repairs for the Property and Hotel in the ordinary course of business and with Inventory at substantially the same quality and level); provided, however, nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to require Seller to make any capital repairs or improvements.
(b)    Seller shall pay (subject to legal rights of appeal and protest) prior to delinquency all ad valorem, other real property, occupancy, personal property, intangible and sales taxes due and payable with respect to the Property or the operation of the Hotel.
(c)    Subject to seasonal differences, market conditions and events or conditions beyond Seller’s reasonable control, Seller shall (and shall cause Manager to) continue to take guest room reservations and to book functions and meetings and otherwise to promote the business of the Property in generally the same manner as it did prior to the execution of this Agreement; and all advance room bookings and reservations and all meetings and function bookings shall be booked at rates, prices and charges charged by Seller for such purposes in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices. Seller acknowledges that the Purchase
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Price includes the transfer of Advance Bookings and any payments and/or deposits made pursuant to such Advance Bookings.
(d)    Seller shall promptly advise Purchaser of any litigation, arbitration or administrative hearing concerning the Property of which Seller obtains actual knowledge.
(e)    Seller shall refrain from removing or causing or permitting to be removed any material part or portion of the Real Property or the Tangible Personal Property owned by Seller other than in the normal course of business without the prior written consent of Purchaser, which consent shall be subject to the Approval Standard, unless the same is no longer needed or useful or the same is replaced, prior to Closing, with similar items of at least equal suitability, quality and value, free and clear of any liens or security interests.
(f)    Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, from and after the Effective Date and continuing so long as this Agreement is in effect, Seller shall cease marketing the Property for sale, and shall not negotiate offers or enter into back-up contracts for the sale of the Property.
(g)    Seller shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause Manager to cooperate with Purchaser and in the transition of operations prior to the Closing Date.
(h)    Seller shall deliver to Purchaser monthly and annual financial statements for the Property promptly after receiving such operating statements from Manager
(i)    Seller shall promptly notify Purchaser of any event or circumstance that results in any representation or warranty set forth in this Agreement not being true and accurate upon Seller having knowledge of such event or circumstance.
(j)    Seller shall coordinate with Purchaser at Closing to deliver all alarm codes, access codes and combinations to any safes, doors, rooms, equipment or locks located in the Improvements.
6.5    New Employees. Beginning one (1) week prior to the Closing Date, Seller shall provide to Purchaser, at no cost or expense to Purchaser, a meeting room suitable for Purchaser to conduct interviews and evaluate employment applications of those parties who may seek employment at the Property following Closing and Seller shall (and shall cause Manager to) reasonably cooperate with Purchaser’s efforts to conduct such interviews.
6.6    Termination of Hotel Employees; WARN Act. On the Closing Date the employment of all Hotel Employees shall be terminated. (For purposes of WARN Act liability, the Closing Date is considered to be the “effective date of sale”). With respect to such terminations, Purchaser shall extend or cause to be extended offers of employment on reasonable and customary terms and conditions consistent in all material respects with the terms and conditions in effect prior to the Closing Date in a manner to avoid any job loss for a sufficient number of Hotel Employees so as to prevent the application of the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (“WARN Act”). All Hotel Employees who accept such offers of
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post-Closing employment from Purchaser shall be hereinafter referred to as “Transferred Employees” including any persons who claim to have an employment relationship with Purchaser or its designated manager. The provisions of this Section 6.6 shall survive the Closing.
6.7    Employee Claims.
(a)    Purchaser shall hold harmless, indemnify and defend Seller, Operating Lessee and Manager and their Affiliates from and against any and all claims, causes of action, proceedings, judgments, damages, penalties, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred by Seller, Operating Lessee or Manager or any Affiliate thereof with respect to claims, causes of action, judgments, damages, penalties and liabilities asserted by Transferred Employees to the extent arising out of or related to any act, failure to act, any transaction or any facts or circumstances (i)  occurring on or after the Closing Date, or (ii) undertaken or caused by Purchaser in connection with Closing, including, without limitation the following: (A) the refusal to hire any Hotel Employees; and (B) any and all liability under the WARN Act, including, without limitation, any and all liability caused by the failure of Purchaser to rehire a sufficient number of Hotel Employees based on the employee census information provided by the Seller, or the termination of such employees as provided in Section 6.6. The provisions of this Section 6.7 shall survive the Closing.
(b)    Seller shall hold harmless, indemnify and defend Purchaser and their Affiliates from and against any and all claims, causes of action, proceedings, judgments, damages, penalties, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred by Purchaser or any Affiliate thereof with respect to claims, causes of action, judgments, damages, penalties and liabilities asserted by Hotel Employees to the extent arising out of or related to any act, failure to act, any transaction or any facts or circumstances occurring prior to the Closing Date. The provisions of this Section 6.7 shall survive the Closing.
6.8    Occupancy Agreement Estoppels. Upon receipt of written request from Purchaser together with the requested form of estoppel, Seller agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain current estoppel certificates from any tenant under any Occupancy Agreement and the counterparty to the offsite laundry facility lease, provided that receipt of same shall not be a condition to Purchaser’s obligation to close.
6.9    Tax Clearance. Within five (5) business days after the Effective Date, each of Fee Owner and Operating Lessee (to the extent that each such entity pays sales taxes to the DOR issued pursuant to §213.758, Florida Statutes) shall apply for a current Tax Clearance Certificate, and Seller shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain and deliver to Purchaser the same on or before the Closing, provided however, that the failure of Seller to obtain same shall not be a Seller default under this Agreement.
6.10    Termination of Operating Lease and Management Agreement. Seller shall terminate the Operating Lease on the Closing Date and remove any title encumbrance related to the Operating Lease, in each case, at Seller’s sole cost and expense and without liability to Purchaser. Seller will be responsible for all amounts due or to become due under the Operating
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Lease (including any liabilities arising out of the termination of the Operating Lease). Seller shall terminate the Management Agreement on the Closing Date, at Seller’s sole cost and expense and without liability to Purchaser. Seller shall be responsible for all amounts due or to become due under the Management Agreement (including any liabilities arising out of the termination of the Management Agreement). The provisions of this Section 6.10 shall survive the Closing.
6.11    Hotel Vehicles. Seller shall cause a certificate or registration of title for any owned vehicle, duly executed, conveying such vehicle to Purchaser to be delivered to Purchaser at Closing, or as soon as reasonably possible post-Closing. The provisions of this Section 6.11 shall survive the Closing.

ARTICLE VII
CLOSING
7.1    Closing. The Closing shall occur on the Closing Date. As more particularly described below, at the Closing the parties hereto will (i) execute or cause to be executed, or instruct the Escrow Agent to release, all of the documents required to be delivered in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby (the “Closing Documents”), (ii) deliver or cause to be delivered the same to Escrow Agent, and (iii) take or cause to be taken all other action required to be taken in respect of the transactions contemplated hereby. The Closing will occur through escrow at the Title Company, or at such other place as Purchaser and Seller may mutually agree. At the Closing, Purchaser shall deliver the balance of the Purchase Price to Escrow Agent as provided herein. As provided herein, the parties hereto will agree upon adjustments and prorations to certain items which cannot be exactly determined at the Closing and will make the appropriate adjustments with respect thereto. Possession of the Property shall be delivered to Purchaser at the Closing, subject to Permitted Title Exceptions and the rights of tenants, licensees and concessionaires under the Occupancy Agreements and guests in possession.
7.2    Seller’s Deliveries. At the Closing, Seller shall deliver or shall cause Manager to deliver, as applicable, to Escrow Agent all of the following instruments, each of which shall have been duly executed and, where applicable, acknowledged and/or sworn, on behalf of Fee Owner and/or Operating Lessee, as applicable, and shall be dated to be effective as of the Closing Date:
(a)    The Deed.
(b)    The Bill of Sale.
(c)    The Assignment and Assumption Agreement.
(d)    The Assignment of Occupancy Agreements.
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(e)    Assignment of Management Services Agreement (if an assumption).
(f)    The FIRPTA Certificate.
(g)    Any other document or instrument specifically required by this Agreement to be delivered by Seller on or before the Closing Date.
(h)    Reasonable evidence of termination of the Operating Lease and the Management Agreement.
(i)    Trademark assignment in the form prescribed by the United States Patent and Trademark Office conveying all right, title and interest of Seller in and to the trademark registrations described in Section 3.17.
(j)    The Seller’s Closing Certificate attached hereto as Exhibit H.
(k)    A notice executed by Seller and addressed to the tenants under the Occupancy Agreements in effect on the Closing Date, informing such tenants of the sale of the Hotel to Purchaser, of the name and notice address of Purchaser as successor landlord under the Occupancy Agreements and that the security deposits then held by Seller, if any, have been assigned to Purchaser and directing such tenants to make all payments thereafter coming due under the Occupancy Agreements to Purchaser or as Purchaser may otherwise direct in writing at least five (5) business days prior to the Closing Date.
(l)    The Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Agreement.
7.3    Purchaser’s Deliveries. At or prior to the Closing, Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to Escrow Agent the following, duly executed and, where applicable, acknowledged and/or sworn on behalf of Purchaser, and dated as of the Closing Date:
(a)    The Assignment and Assumption Agreement.
(b)    The Assignment of Occupancy Agreements.
(c)    The Assignment of Management Services Agreement.
(d)    The Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Agreement.
(e)    Any other documents or instruments specifically required by this Agreement to be delivered by Purchaser on or before the Closing Date.
(f)    At the Closing, Purchaser shall deliver to Escrow Agent the portion of the Purchase Price described in Section 2.2 hereof.
7.4    Mutual Deliveries. At the Closing, Purchaser and Fee Owner (or Operating Lessee, as applicable) shall mutually execute and deliver or cause to be delivered:
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(a)    A closing statement reflecting the Purchase Price and the adjustments and prorations required hereunder and the allocation of income and expenses required hereby.
(b)    Subject to the provisions of Section 8.6 hereof, such other documents, instruments and undertakings as may be required by the liquor authorities of the State where the Property is located, or of any county or municipality or governmental entity having jurisdiction with respect to the transfer or issue of liquor licenses or alcoholic beverage licenses or permits for the Hotel, to the extent not theretofore executed and delivered.
(c)    Such other and further documents, papers and instruments as may be reasonably required by the parties hereto or their respective counsel or the Title Company which are not inconsistent with this Agreement or the other Closing Documents, including, without limitation, such agreements, affidavits, evidence of Seller’s organization, authorization, power and authority, and other documents as may be reasonably required by the Title Company from Seller to issue the Owner’s Title Policy. In connection with the foregoing, Seller shall deliver a seller’s/owner’s title affidavit in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Buyer and the Title Company sufficient to delete standard title exceptions, and any affidavits and other instruments required to delete the following matters listed on ALTA Commitment for Title Insurance issued by Chicago Title Insurance Company under Commitment NO. 5189444-C-FL-CP-LAZ with a Commitment date of April 28, 2024 at 9 a.m.:  Schedule B, Part II: exceptions 1, 3(b), 3(c), 3(d), 5, 6, 7, 12 and 13 (such as, but not limited to, termination of the lease agreements and satisfaction of any financing associated therewith).
To the extent the delivery of any of the items in Sections 7.2, 7.3 or 7.4 of this Agreement are conditions precedent to the obligation of a party pursuant to Sections 5.1 or 5.2 of this Agreement, and the condition relating to any such item is not satisfied as of Closing, but the party for whose benefit such unsatisfied condition is made elects, nonetheless, to proceed to Closing, the delivery of the item applicable to the unsatisfied condition shall not be required pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.2, 7.3 or 7.4 of this Agreement.
7.5    Closing Costs. Except as is explicitly provided in this Agreement, each party hereto shall pay its own legal fees and expenses. All filing fees for the Deed and the transfer, recording, sales or other similar taxes and surtaxes due with respect to the transfer of title, as well as the cost for title insurance, endorsements and surveys, and any other costs specified on Schedule 1 attached hereto, shall all be paid in accordance with allocations set forth in Schedule 1. To the extent releases or corrective instruments are required to be delivered by Seller pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, Seller shall pay for the costs associated with the releases of any deeds of trust, mortgages and other Monetary Title Encumbrances encumbering the Property and for any costs associated with any corrective instruments. All other costs (except any costs incurred by either party for its own account) which are necessary to carry out the transactions contemplated hereunder shall be allocated between Purchaser and Seller in accordance with local custom in the jurisdiction in which the Hotel is located. The provisions of this Section 7.5 shall survive the Closing and any termination of this Agreement.
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7.6    Revenue and Expense Allocations. All revenues and expenses with respect to the Property, and applicable to the period of time before and after Closing, determined in accordance with sound accounting principles consistently applied, shall be allocated between Fee Owner (or Operating Lessee) and Purchaser as provided herein. Pursuant to such allocation, Fee Owner (and Operating Lessee) shall be entitled to all revenue and shall be responsible for all expenses for the period of time up to but not including the date of Closing, and Purchaser shall be entitled to all revenue and shall be responsible for all expenses for the period of time from, after and including the date of Closing. Such allocations and adjustments shall be shown on the closing statement (with such supporting documentation as the parties hereto may reasonably require being attached as exhibits to the closing statements) and shall increase or decrease (as the case may be) the cash amount payable by Purchaser pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof. All prorations shall be made on the basis of the actual number of days in the year and month in which the Closing occurs or in the period of computation. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following items of revenue and expense shall be allocated and prorated at Closing:
(a)    Current rents (excluding rent under the Operating Lease).
(b)    Real estate and personal property taxes (with maximum allowable discounts for early or prompt payment). With respect to any special assessments that are not payable in installments, Seller shall pay any such special assessments prior to Closing. With respect to special assessments that are payable in installments: (i) Seller shall pay any such installments attributable to the period of time before Closing; (ii) Purchaser shall pay any such installments attributable to the period of time from and after Closing; and (iii) any such installments which are attributable to a period of time that commences before Closing and ends after Closing shall be prorated at Closing, based upon the maximum discount allowed by law and the periods of ownership by Seller and Purchaser.
(c)    Revenue and expenses under the Operating Agreements and Leased Property Agreements to be assigned to and assumed by Purchaser.
(d)    Utility charges (including, but not limited to, charges for phone service, cable television, gas, water, sewer and electricity).
(e)    Municipal or other governmental improvement liens and special assessments, which shall be paid by Seller at Closing where the work has been completed, and which shall be assumed by Purchaser at Closing and paid by Purchaser where the work has been authorized or started, but not completed; provided, however, that if such liens or assessments are payable in installments, the amount of the installment applicable to the period which includes the Closing Date shall be allocated in the same manner as other items of expenses herein; and for all other installments, Seller shall be responsible for the payment of and shall pay such installments relating to periods prior to the Closing Date and Purchaser shall be responsible for the payment of and shall pay such installments relating to periods from and after the Closing Date.
(f)    License and permit fees, where transferable.
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(g)    All other revenues and expenses of the Property, including, but not limited to, such things as restaurant, bar and meeting room income and expenses and the like.
(h)    The Rooms Ledger and housekeeping costs for the date of Closing (to be apportioned equally between Seller, on the one hand, and Purchaser, on the other).
(i)    Such other items as are usually and customarily prorated between purchasers and sellers of hotel properties in the area where the Property is located.
Seller shall receive a credit for any prepaid expenses accruing to periods on or after the Closing Date. Purchaser shall receive a credit against the Purchase Price for the total of (i) prepaid rents, (ii) prepaid room receipts and deposits, function receipts and deposits and other reservation receipts and deposits, (iii) unforfeited security deposits together with any interest payable to a tenant thereon held by Seller or Operating Lessee under Occupancy Agreements; and (iv) all gift cards at stated face value. At Closing, Fee Owner or Operating Lessee shall sell to Purchaser in connection with the Hotel, and Purchaser shall purchase from Fee Owner or Operating Lessee, at face value, in addition to the Purchase Price: (A) all petty cash funds in connection with the Hotel guest operations at the Property; and (B) the so-called “guest ledger” as mutually approved by Purchaser and Seller for the Hotel of guest accounts receivable payable to the Hotel as of the check-out time for the Hotel on the Closing Date (based on guests and customers then using the Hotel) both (1) in occupancy from the preceding night through check out time the morning of the Closing Date, and (2) previously in occupancy prior to check out time on the Closing Date. For purposes of this Agreement, transfer or sale at face value shall have the following meanings: (i) for cash and cash reserve amounts, an amount equal to the total of all cash funds and cash reserve amounts that are transferred to Purchaser; and (ii) for the guest ledger, the total of all credit card or other accounts receivable as shown on the records of the Hotel, less actual collection costs (i.e., fees retained by credit card companies), less accounting charges for rooms furnished on a gratuity or complimentary basis to any hotel staff or as an accommodation to other parties and less Purchaser’s one-half (1/2) share of the Rooms Ledger. The purchase price of said petty cash fund and guest ledger shall be paid to Seller at Closing by a credit to Seller in the computation of the adjustments and prorations on the Closing Date.
With respect to all Transferred Employees, Seller or Manager shall pay or cause to be paid on or before the Closing Date, all costs and expenses associated with accrued but unpaid salary, wages and bonuses, accrued but unpaid profit sharing and pension, health and welfare benefits, accrued but unpaid fringe benefits, accrued but unpaid employee severance payments, and other accrued but unpaid compensation (including any projected bonus or incentive compensation, prorated pursuant to Managers compensation plans) and fringe benefits, but only earned vacation pay, and excluding all accrued and/or earned sick leave.
Seller shall be required to pay or cause to be paid all retail sales (as distinguished from any tax on the sale of any personal property effected pursuant to this Agreement), occupancy and liquor taxes and like impositions up to but not including the date of Closing. Any such taxes applicable to the Rooms Ledger shall be apportioned equally between Seller (and Operating Lessee) and Purchaser.
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If accurate allocations cannot be made at Closing because current bills are not obtainable (as, for example, in the case of utility bills and/or real estate or personal property taxes and common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance under the laundry lease), the parties shall allocate such revenue or expenses at Closing on the best available information, subject to adjustment upon receipt of the final bill or other evidence of the applicable revenue or expense. The obligation to make the adjustment shall survive the closing of the transaction contemplated by this Agreement. Any revenue received or expense incurred by Seller or by Purchaser with respect to the Property after the date of Closing shall be promptly allocated in the manner described herein and the parties shall promptly pay or reimburse any amount due. If Seller and Purchaser are unable to agree on the closing statement allocations on the Closing Date, the Closing shall occur and a preliminary closing statement shall be signed with respect to such amounts and issues that are agreed upon by Seller and Purchaser. With respect to any closing statement amounts or issues that are not agreed upon at Closing, Seller and Purchaser shall thereafter work in good faith to resolve, allocate or prorate such amounts or issues; provided that if such amounts or issues are not fully agreed upon and paid within ten (10) days after the Closing, then, in such event, such amounts or issues shall be submitted to an independent certified public accountant with a hospitality practice reasonably acceptable to Seller and Purchaser, for final resolution, and Seller and Purchaser agree to be bound by the determination of such accountant. The costs and expenses incurred in connection with the services of such accountant shall be borne and paid equally by Purchaser and Seller. The provisions of this Section 7.6 shall survive the Closing.
7.7    Safe Deposit Boxes. On the Closing Date, Seller shall cause Manager to make available to Purchaser at the Hotel all receipts and agreements in Manager’s possession relating to all safe deposit boxes in use at the Hotel, other than safes or lockboxes, if any, located inside individual guest rooms in the Hotel. From and after the Closing, Seller and Manager shall be relieved of any and all responsibility in connection with each said box, and Purchaser shall indemnify Seller, Manager and any Affiliate thereof and hold them harmless from and against any claim, liability, cost or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by them with respect thereto. Seller shall indemnify and hold Purchaser harmless from any other liability, claim, cost or expense (including reasonable attorney’s fees) with respect to such safety deposit box arising prior to the Closing Date. The provisions of this Section 7.7 shall survive the Closing.
7.8    Inventory of Baggage. The representatives of Seller and/or Manager and of Purchaser shall prepare an inventory of baggage at the Hotel as of 12:00 noon on the Closing Date (which inventory of baggage shall be binding on all parties thereto) of (i) all luggage, valises and trunks checked or left in the care of the Hotel by guests then or formerly in the Hotel, (ii) parcels, laundry, valet packages and other property of guests checked or left in the care of the Hotel by guests then or formerly in the Hotel (excluding, however, property in Hotel safe deposit boxes), (iii) all luggage or other property of guests retained by Seller as security for any unpaid accounts receivable, and (iv) all items contained in the Hotel lost and found. Purchaser shall be responsible from and after the Closing Date for all baggage and other items listed in such inventory of baggage, and Purchaser shall indemnify and hold Seller, Manager and any Affiliate thereof harmless from and against any claim, liability, cost or expense (including reasonable
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attorneys’ fees) incurred by them with respect thereto. Seller hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Purchaser harmless from any other liability or claims with respect to such inventory of baggage arising prior to the Closing Date. The provisions of this Section 7.8 shall survive the Closing.
7.9    Acquisition and Payment for Inventory. Seller agrees to sell to Purchaser and Purchaser agrees to purchase from Seller the Inventory, without additional consideration (other than payment of the Purchase Price pursuant to this Agreement).
7.10    Assumption. At Closing, Purchaser shall assume all (i) obligations which Purchaser expressly assumes under this Agreement, (ii) Advance Bookings, (iii) liabilities for which Purchaser receives a credit to the Purchase Price on the closing statement or pursuant to any post-closing adjustments, and (iv) obligations under Permitted Title Exceptions which accrue to the period from and after the Closing Date, or which accrue to the period prior to the Closing Date and for which Purchaser receives a credit to the Purchase Price on the closing statement or pursuant to any post-closing adjustments. The provisions of this Section 7.10 shall survive the Closing.
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
8.1    Fire or Other Casualty.
(a)    Insured Loss. Seller agrees to give Purchaser prompt notice of any fire or other casualty to the Property costing more than Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000) to repair and occurring between the Effective Date and the Closing Date of which Seller has knowledge. If, prior to Closing, the Property is damaged by fire or other casualty which is fully insured (without regard to deductibles) and would cost not more than Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) and require less than 180 days to repair, then neither party shall have the right to terminate its obligations under this Agreement to purchase or sell the Property by reason thereof and the Closing shall take place without abatement of the Purchase Price, but Seller shall assign to Purchaser at the Closing all of Seller’s interest in any insurance proceeds (except use and occupancy insurance, rent loss and business interruption insurance, and any similar insurance for the period preceding the Closing Date) that may be payable to Seller on account of any such fire or other casualty, to the extent such proceeds have not been previously expended or are otherwise required to reimburse Seller for actual expenditures of restoration, plus Seller shall credit the amount of any deductibles under any policies related to such proceeds to the Purchase Price. If any such damage due to fire or other casualty is insured and would cost in excess of Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) or require more than 180 days to repair, then Purchaser may terminate its obligations under this Agreement to purchase the Property by written notice given to Seller within ten (10) days after Seller has given Purchaser the notice of damage or casualty referred to in this Section 8.1, or on the Closing Date, whichever is earlier, in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released of all further obligations hereunder with respect to the Property except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. Should Purchaser elect to proceed to Closing notwithstanding the amount of the insured loss or the time required for repairs, the Closing shall
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take place without abatement of the Purchase Price and at Closing Seller shall assign to Purchaser the insurance proceeds and grant to Purchaser a credit against the Purchase Price equal to the amount of the applicable deductible.
(b)    Uninsured Loss. If, prior to Closing, any Property is damaged by fire or other casualty which is uninsured and would cost more than Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) to repair, then Purchaser may terminate its obligations under this Agreement to purchase the Property by written notice given to the Seller within ten (10) days after Seller has given Purchaser the notice of damage or casualty or on the Closing Date, whichever is earlier, in which case the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released of all further obligations hereunder, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. If the estimated amount to repair such uninsured casualty is less than Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000), Seller shall provide Purchaser with a credit to the Purchase Price at Closing for the estimated amount to repair such casualty, in which event Purchaser shall proceed to Closing and the Purchase Price shall be reduced by the estimated amount to repair such casualty.
8.2    Condemnation. After the Effective Date, Seller agrees to give Purchaser prompt notice of any notice it receives of any taking or threat of taking by condemnation of any part of or rights appurtenant to the Real Property. If such taking will materially interfere with the operation or use of the Hotel which constitutes a part of such Real Property, the Purchaser may terminate its obligations under this Agreement to purchase the Property by written notice to Seller within ten (10) days after Seller has given Purchaser the notice of taking referred to in this Section 8.2, or on the Closing Date, whichever is earlier. For purposes of this Section 8.2, a taking will materially interfere with the operation or use of the Hotel if it leaves remaining a balance of the Real Property in a condition which may not reasonably be anticipated to be economically operated for the purposes and in the manner in which the Real Property was operated prior to such taking. If Purchaser exercises its option to terminate its obligations to purchase the Property pursuant to this Section 8.2, the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder with respect to the Property, except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement. If Purchaser does not so elect to terminate its obligations to purchase the Property, then the Closing shall take place as provided herein, and Seller shall assign to Purchaser at the Closing all of Seller’s interest in any condemnation award or payments in lieu of condemnation which may be payable to Seller on account of any such condemnation or threat thereof and, at Closing, Seller shall credit to the amount of the Purchase Price payable by Purchaser the amount, if any, of condemnation proceeds or payments in lieu of condemnation received by Seller between the Effective Date and Closing less (i) any amounts reasonably expended by Seller in collecting such sums, (ii) any amounts reasonably used by Seller to repair the Property as a result of such condemnation, and (iii) any amounts which are reasonably allocated to lost earnings or other damages or losses (other than unrepaired property damages) reasonably allocated or attributed to the period of time prior to Closing. If, prior to the Closing, there shall occur a taking by condemnation of any part of or rights appurtenant to the Property that does not materially interfere with the operation or use of the Hotel which constitutes a part of the Property, Purchaser shall not have the right to terminate its obligations to purchase the Property under this Agreement
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by reason thereof and the Closing shall take place without abatement of the Purchase Price, but Seller shall assign to Purchaser at the Closing all of Seller’s interest in any condemnation award or payments in lieu of condemnation which may be payable to Seller on account of any such condemnation or threat thereof and, at Closing, Seller shall credit to the amount of the Purchase Price payable by Purchaser the amount, if any, of condemnation proceeds or payments in lieu of condemnation received by Seller between the Effective Date and Closing less (i) any amounts reasonably expended by Seller in collecting such sums, (ii) any amounts reasonably used by Seller to repair the Property as a result of such condemnation, and (iii) any amounts which are reasonably allocated to lost earnings or other damages or losses (other than unrepaired property damages) reasonably allocated or attributed to the period of time prior to Closing. Provided Purchaser has not exercised its right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 8.2, Seller shall notify Purchaser in advance regarding any proceeding or negotiation with respect to the condemnation and Purchaser shall have a reasonable right, at its own cost and expense, to appear and participate in any such proceeding or negotiation. For purposes of Sections 8.1 and 8.2 of this Agreement, estimates of costs and time required for restoration or repair shall be made by an architect or engineer, as appropriate, designated by Seller and reasonably acceptable to Purchaser.
8.3    Broker. The parties acknowledge that Broker has been the procuring cause of this Agreement. It shall be the obligation of Seller to pay Broker its commission, when, as and if, and only if, the transaction contemplated hereby actually closes, in accordance with a separate agreement between the Broker and Seller. There is no other real estate broker involved in this transaction. Purchaser warrants and represents to Seller that Purchaser has not dealt with any other real estate broker in connection with this transaction, nor has Purchaser been introduced to the Property or to Seller by any other real estate broker, and Purchaser shall indemnify Seller and hold Seller harmless from and against any claims, suits, demands or liabilities of any kind or nature whatsoever arising on account of the claim of any other person, firm or corporation to a real estate brokerage commission or a finder’s fee as a result of having dealt with Purchaser, or as a result of having introduced Purchaser to Seller or to the Property. In like manner, Seller warrants and represents to Purchaser that Seller has not dealt with any other real estate broker in connection with this transaction, nor has Seller been introduced to Purchaser by any other real estate broker, and Seller shall indemnify Purchaser and save and hold Purchaser harmless from and against any claims, suits, demands or liabilities of any kind or nature whatsoever arising on account of the claim of any person, firm or corporation to a real estate brokerage commission or a finder’s fee as a result of having dealt with Seller in connection with this transaction. The provisions of this Section 8.3 shall survive the Closing and any termination of this Agreement.
8.4    Bulk Sale. Seller and Purchaser acknowledge that they do not intend to comply with and have agreed to waive the provisions of any statutory bulk sale or similar requirements applicable to the transaction to be effected by this Agreement.
8.5    Confidentiality. Except as hereinafter provided, Purchaser and Seller and their Affiliates shall keep the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement and all documents or information disclosed to or made available to or discovered by each party in
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connection with this Agreement (including, without limitation, the Submission Matters) confidential and such information shall be used solely for the purpose of evaluating or effecting the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and neither Purchaser nor Seller shall make any public announcements hereof unless and until the Closing occurs unless the other first reasonably approves of same in writing, nor shall either disclose unless and until the Closing occurs the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement or such other documents or information, except to persons who, in the reasonable business judgment of Seller or Purchaser, as applicable, “need to know” for the purpose of evaluating or effecting the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and who are instructed to keep such information confidential, such as their respective officers, directors, employees, attorneys, accountants, engineers, surveyors, consultants, financiers, partners, investors, potential lessees and bankers and such other third parties whose assistance is required in connection with the consummation of this transaction (collectively, “Representatives”); provided, however, that information or documents shall not be subject to the provisions of this Section 8.5 if, not otherwise in violation of this Section 8.5, such information or documents, (i) were or become(s) generally available to the public, or (ii) were or become(s) available to Purchaser or its Affiliates on a non-confidential basis from a source other than Seller or its Affiliates or Manager. Upon full execution of this Agreement and if the Closing occurs, the parties may either make a joint press release, or each party may make an individual press release. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is acknowledged that Seller is, or is an affiliate of, a REIT, and the REIT has and will seek to sell shares to the general public; consequently, Seller shall have the absolute and unbridled right to disclose any information regarding the transaction required by law or as determined to be necessary or appropriate by Seller or Seller’s attorneys to satisfy disclosure and reporting obligations of Seller or its Affiliates. Notwithstanding the foregoing, on or at any time following the expiration of the Study Period, Seller may make a press release or file with the United States Securities Exchange Commission information regarding the Transaction. Seller and Purchaser and their Representatives are cautioned that United States securities laws restrict the purchase and sale of securities by anyone who possesses non-public information about the issue of such securities. Accordingly, neither Purchaser nor any of its Affiliates nor its Representatives may buy or sell any of the securities of the Seller or any of its Affiliates so long as any of them is in possession of any material non-public information about the Seller or any of its Affiliates, including information contained in or derived from confidential information. The terms of this Section 8.5 shall supersede any prior confidentiality agreements executed by Seller, Purchaser, or any of their respective Affiliates, parents, or subsidiaries, to the extent such confidentiality agreements relate or refer, directly or indirectly, to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The provisions of this Section 8.5 relating to press releases shall survive the Closing and all the provisions of this Section 8.5 shall survive a termination of this Agreement for a period of two (2) years after such termination; provided, however, that any liabilities or obligations of either Seller, Purchaser or any of their respective Affiliates, parents, or subsidiaries that may have accrued or arisen under any confidentiality agreements prior to the Effective Date shall survive such confidentiality agreements being superseded hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Closing occurs, the restrictions on the disclosure by Purchaser of non-public information discovered by, provided to or otherwise obtained by Purchaser and its respective agents in connection with the Property shall no longer apply.
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If either Seller or Purchaser or any of their Affiliates or any of their Representatives is required by any subpoena, interrogatories, request for production, or other legal process or by any Applicable Laws to disclose any confidential information, Seller or Purchaser, as applicable, will give the other party prompt written notice of the requirement and will cooperate with the other party so that the other party, at its expense, may seek an appropriate protective order. In the absence of a protective order, the party required to disclose, including any Representatives, may disclose only such confidential information as may be necessary to avoid any penalty, sanction, or other material adverse consequence, and the party required to disclose will use reasonable efforts to secure confidential treatment of any confidential information so disclosed.
Seller and Purchaser stipulate that the breach of the provisions of this Section 8.5 by the other party or its respective Affiliates or Representatives may cause irreparable harm to the non-breaching party for which damages may not constitute an adequate remedy. Accordingly, the parties agree that any attempted, threatened, or actual breach of the provisions of this Section 8.5 by one party or its Affiliates or Representatives may be enjoined by an appropriate court order or judgment. The parties waive any requirement for the posting of a bond or other security as a condition to such court order or judgment. Injunctive relief will not be the sole remedy of the non-breaching party for a breach of the provisions of this Section 8.5, and all legal and equitable remedies will continue to be available to the non-breaching party. If the non-breaching party is the prevailing party in any litigation relating to the breach of the provisions of this Section 8.5 by the other party or its Affiliates or Representatives, the non-breaching party will be entitled to recover (in addition to any damages or other relief granted) its reasonable legal fees and other expenses in connection with such litigation.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein or in any other agreement to which the parties hereto are parties or by which they are bound, any and all obligations of confidentiality contained herein and therein (the “Confidentiality Obligations”), as they relate to the transactions and events contemplated by this Agreement (collectively, the “Transaction”), shall not apply to the “structure or tax aspects” (as that phrase is used in Section 1.6011-4T(b)(3) [or any successor provision] of the Treasury Regulations [the “Confidentiality Regulation”] promulgated under Section 6011 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) of the Transaction; provided, however, that the Confidentiality Obligations nevertheless shall apply at a given time to any and all items of information not required to be freely disclosable at such time in order for the Transaction not to be treated as “offered under conditions of confidentiality” within the meaning of the Confidentiality Regulation.
8.6    Liquor Licenses. Purchaser shall have the sole responsibility (at Purchaser’s sole cost and expense) for obtaining the transfer of all alcoholic beverage licenses or the issuance of new alcoholic beverage licenses and permits, (the “Liquor Licenses”), issued by the State of Florida’s Division of Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco (“DABT”). Purchaser, at its cost and expense, shall submit all necessary applications and other materials to the appropriate Governmental Authority and take such other actions to effect the transfer of the Liquor Licenses or issuance of new alcoholic beverage licenses and permits as of the Closing. Seller will cooperate in all reasonable respects in connection with the Liquor Licenses (which shall include, without limitation, timely supplying information in Seller’s possession that is reasonably
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requested by Purchaser and executing documents, in each such instance as may be required to consummate any such transfer). Seller makes no representations or warranties as to whether Purchaser will qualify with DABT for the transfer of the Liquor Licenses or the issuance of new liquor licenses. It is the intent of the parties that all such transfers or issuances of new Liquor Licenses be effective as of Closing. The transfer by Seller of any Liquor Licenses shall be free and clear of all obligations, liens, mortgages and encumbrances of any nature or kind, in accordance with applicable law; provided that such transfer and cooperation of Seller (i) shall not create any potential liability for Seller and (ii) shall be at no cost or expense to Seller. Purchaser agrees to pay all fees, charges, and related costs in connection with the transfer of the Liquor Licenses and for the issuance of the Temporary Liquor Licenses (defined below). Purchaser shall complete, execute, and file with the DABT all necessary applications (a) for transfer of the Liquor Licenses to Purchaser or its designee, and (b) obtain, no later than the Closing Date, temporary liquor licenses in the name of Purchaser or its designee (the “Temporary Liquor Licenses”). Promptly upon or prior to the expiration of the Due Diligence Period, Seller agrees to furnish to Purchaser a Department of Revenue Clearance (Section 13 of DBPR ABT-6002 form), fully executed by an individual on file with DABT authorized to execute on behalf of Seller, for each of the Liquor Licenses, for Purchaser or Purchaser’s designee to obtain DOR’s completion of the Sales Tax portion of Section 5 of the ABT-6002 transfer form for each Liquor License. Should DOR refuse to complete the Sales Tax portion of Section 5 of the ABT-6002 transfer form for the Liquor Licenses due to any outstanding taxes or assessments, or delinquent returns related to Seller’s tax accounts with DOR associated with the operation of the Property, and not due to any reasons associated with Purchaser, Seller shall obtain and provide to Purchaser a Certificate of Compliance from the DOR issued under Subsection 213.758(4)(a)1.a. of the Florida Statutes for Seller’s tax accounts with DOR associated with the operation of the Property, no later than seven (7) days prior to Closing, evidencing the necessary clearance for Purchaser or Purchaser’s designee to obtain DOR’s completion of the Sales Tax portion of Section 5 of the ABT-6002 transfer form for the Liquor Licenses. Three (3) weeks prior to Closing, Seller shall deliver to Purchaser, an Affidavit of Transferor (Section 10 of DBPR ABT-6002 form), fully executed by an individual on file with the DABT authorized to execute on behalf of Seller, for each Liquor License. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the issuance of new liquor licenses, the issuance of Temporary Liquor Licenses, or the transfer of the existing Liquor Licenses to Purchaser shall not be a condition to Closing. If upon Closing Purchaser has not obtained the Temporary Liquor Licenses, despite commercially reasonable good faith efforts by Purchaser, then, subject to Applicable Laws, Seller shall (not to include by Seller the expenditure of any money or guaranty of any obligation) cause the holder of the existing liquor license (the “Existing Permittee”) to enter into an interim liquor agreement (an “Interim Liquor Agreement”) or any other such license agreements, management agreements and/or other interim agreements, with Purchaser or Purchaser’s designee as may be reasonably necessary for the continuation of the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages at the Hotel after the Closing and before such time as Purchaser obtains the Temporary Liquor License; provided, however, that (i) Purchaser shall indemnify, defend and hold Seller and Existing Permittee harmless from any liability, damages, costs, expenses or claims encountered in connection with such operations during said period of time, and Purchaser shall procure and pay for dram shop liability insurance (in amounts and with deductibles as previously maintained by Seller) naming Purchaser and Seller and Existing Permittee as insureds thereunder, and (ii) the
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obligation of Seller to cooperate and keep open the liquor facilities of the Hotel shall terminate one hundred eighty (180) days after the Closing Date, or earlier, if Purchaser obtains the Temporary Liquor License at an earlier date. At such time after Closing as the Temporary Liquor License is obtained, Existing Permittee or Seller, as applicable, will convey, at no additional costs, all alcoholic beverages to Purchaser by a conveyance document in form reasonably acceptable to Seller and Purchaser and in accordance with the requirements of the Applicable Laws. Seller and Purchaser shall use good faith efforts to agree on the form of the Interim Liquor Agreement during the Study Period. This Section 8.6 shall survive the Closing.
8.7    Seller’s Accounts Receivable. It is expressly agreed by and between Purchaser and Seller that Seller is not hereby agreeing to sell or cause to be sold to Purchaser, and Purchaser is not hereby agreeing to purchase any of Seller’s accounts receivable (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, the Rooms Ledger). All of Seller’s accounts receivable shall be and remain the property of Seller subsequent to the Closing of the transaction contemplated hereby. Purchaser shall hold any funds received by Purchaser as payment of such accounts receivable in trust, if Purchaser actually collects any such amounts, and shall pay the monies collected in respect thereof to Seller at the end of each calendar month, accompanied by a statement showing the amount collected on each such account; provided, however, that Seller shall not be entitled to any Hotel or other Property revenues received by Purchaser on and after the Closing from any payors owing any such accounts receivable for periods occurring prior to the Closing unless (i) such payors shall be current in their accounts receivable obligations for periods occurring from and after the Closing or (ii) such payor identifies that such payment is made in connection with an invoice or stay occurring prior to the Closing. The provisions of this Section 8.7 shall survive the Closing.
8.8    Loan Assignment Cooperation.  If requested by Purchaser in writing, Seller shall make a request to Seller’s existing lender to assign any of Seller’s existing loan to Purchaser’s lender, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause Seller’s existing lender to assign the existing applicable loan documents; provided, however, that under no circumstances shall any such assignment be a condition precedent to Closing under this Agreement, and in no event shall the failure to obtain such lender’s consent and/or consummate such assignment be a default under this Agreement.   In the event such request is made, (i) Seller shall reasonably cooperate with Purchaser to facilitate such assignment, (ii) Purchaser’s or existing lender’s counsel, at the sole cost and expense of Purchaser, shall prepare the documentation for such assignment, and (iii) Purchaser shall reimburse Seller for all of Seller’s out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including its actual attorneys’ fees) incurred by Seller in connection with such loan assignment. Seller shall be responsible for the repayment at Closing of its existing loan to its existing lender.
ARTICLE IX
DEFAULT; TERMINATION RIGHTS
9.1    Default by Seller/Failure of Conditions Precedent. If any condition set forth herein for the benefit of Purchaser cannot or will not be satisfied prior to Closing (unless the failure to satisfy such condition is caused by the default of Purchaser or its Affiliates under
41



this Agreement, or is otherwise within the reasonable control of Purchaser), and, if curable, if Seller fails to cure any such matter or satisfy such condition within ten (10) business days after written notice thereof from Purchaser (or such other time period as may be explicitly provided for herein) (which ten (10) business day or other such time periods shall, if necessary, automatically extend the Closing Date to the expiration date of such ten (10) business day or other such time period), or upon the occurrence of any other event that would entitle Purchaser to terminate this Agreement and its obligations hereunder, unless otherwise provided for in this Agreement, Purchaser, as its sole and exclusive remedy shall elect either (a) to terminate this Agreement, in which event (i) the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and Purchaser shall retain its right to enforce the indemnities and other provisions of this Agreement which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement, and (ii) (A) Seller shall reimburse Purchaser upon demand for the actual out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Purchaser and its Affiliates to third parties (including, without limitation, Purchaser’s and its Affiliates’ attorneys, consultants and lenders) as a result of its due diligence and negotiation of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby not to exceed Two Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($200,000.00) in the aggregate; provided that this Section 9.1(a)(ii)(A) shall not apply if the conditions set forth in Sections 5.1(a), (b), (c) are satisfied and, despite Seller’s compliance with both Sections 2.4(e) and 6.9, the conditions set forth in Section 5.1(d) or Section 5.1(e) are not satisfied, or (b) if the condition which has not been satisfied represents an intentional and willful breach by Seller of its obligations hereunder, then Seller shall reimburse Purchaser upon demand for the actual out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Purchaser and its Affiliates to third parties (including, without limitation, Purchaser’s and its Affiliates’ attorneys, consultants and lenders) as a result of its due diligence and negotiation of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby not to exceed Four Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($400,000.00) in the aggregate, and (iii) all other rights and obligations of Seller and Purchaser hereunder (except those set forth herein which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement) shall terminate immediately; or (b) to waive such matter or condition and proceed to Closing with no reduction in the Purchase Price. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, if, at the Closing, Seller fails to comply in any material respect with any of its obligations contained in Section 7.2 or 7.4 (the “Closing Obligations”), and if all conditions precedent to Seller’s obligations hereunder have been waived or satisfied (other than any conditions precedent which are not satisfied due to the default by Seller under this Agreement or any other agreements to which Seller is a party), Purchaser shall have, in addition to Purchaser’s remedies contained in the preceding sentence, the option to waive all other actions, rights, or claims for damages for the failure to perform such Closing Obligations (other than costs and expenses incurred in enforcing this Agreement and its right to enforce the indemnities and other provisions of this Agreement which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement or Closing), and to bring an equitable action to enforce the Closing Obligations; provided, (i) Purchaser shall provide written notice of Purchaser’s intention to enforce the Closing Obligations by specific performance and Seller shall not have cured performance of the Closing Obligations within ten (10) business days following delivery of such notice, and (ii) Purchaser’s suit for specific performance shall be filed against Seller in a court having jurisdiction in the county and state in which the Property is located, on or before sixty (60) days following the Closing Date, failing which, Purchaser shall be barred from enforcing this Agreement by specific performance and shall be deemed to have elected to terminate this Agreement and receive a return of the Deposit as provided herein. In the event
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Purchaser elects to seek specific performance Purchaser may at any time thereafter elect to abandon the remedy of specific performance and instead terminate this Agreement under this Section.
9.2    Default by Purchaser/Failure of Conditions Precedent. If any condition set forth herein for the benefit of Seller (other than a default by Purchaser) cannot or will not be satisfied prior to Closing (unless the failure to satisfy such condition is caused by the default of Seller under this Agreement, or is otherwise within the reasonable control of Seller or its Affiliates), and if Purchaser fails to satisfy that condition within ten (10) business days after notice thereof from Seller, unless otherwise provided for in this Agreement, Seller, as its sole and exclusive remedy, shall elect either (a) to terminate this Agreement in which event the Deposit shall be promptly returned to Purchaser and the parties hereto shall be released from all further obligations hereunder except those which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement, or (b) to waive its right to terminate, and instead, to proceed to Closing. If Purchaser defaults in performing any of its obligations under this Agreement, and Purchaser fails to cure any such default within the earlier of (i) the Closing, or (ii) ten (10) business days after notice thereof from Seller, then Seller’s sole remedy for such default shall be to terminate this Agreement and receive the Deposit and to retain its right to enforce the indemnities and other provisions of this Agreement which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement; provided, however, that Purchaser shall not be entitled to any notice and right to cure in the event it wrongfully fails to proceed to Closing as required by this Agreement. Seller and Purchaser agree that, in the event of such a default, the damages that Seller would sustain as a result thereof would be difficult if not impossible to ascertain. Therefore, Seller and Purchaser agree that, Seller shall receive the Deposit and retain the right to enforce the indemnities and other provisions of this Agreement which expressly survive a termination of this Agreement, as full and complete liquidated damages and as Seller’s sole remedy. The provisions of this Section 9.2 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
9.3    Costs and Attorneys’ Fees. In the event of any litigation or dispute between the parties arising out of or in any way connected with this Agreement, resulting in any litigation, then the prevailing party in such litigation shall be entitled to recover its costs of prosecuting and/or defending same, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees at trial and all appellate levels. The provisions of this Section 9.3 shall survive the Closing or any termination of this Agreement.
9.4    Limitation of Liability. Except in connection with a breach of Section 8.5 for which the parties may be liable for consequential damages, the liability of each party hereto resulting from the breach or default by such party shall be limited to direct actual damages incurred by the injured party and each party hereto hereby waives its rights to recover from the other party consequential, punitive, exemplary, and speculative damages except to the extent owed to third parties. The provisions of this Section 9.4 shall survive the termination of this Agreement. The provisions of this Section 9.4 shall not limit or affect the rights of Seller to receive the Deposit as liquidated damages as and when provided in this Agreement.
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ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
10.1    Completeness; Modification. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby and supersedes all prior discussions, understandings, agreements and negotiations between the parties hereto. This Agreement may be modified only by a written instrument duly executed by the parties hereto.
10.2    Assignments. Other than to an Affiliate of Purchaser (for which an assignment shall not require the consent of Seller), Purchaser may not assign its rights hereunder without the prior consent of Seller; however, any such assignment (including one to Purchaser’s Affiliate) shall not relieve Purchaser of its obligations under this Agreement. To be effective hereunder, any assignment by Purchaser hereunder, even one to an Affiliate of Purchaser, must be accompanied by a fully executed and effective assignment and assumption agreement provided to Seller no later than five (5) days prior to the Closing Date. Notwithstanding any assignment of this Agreement, Purchaser shall not be released from its obligations hereunder.
10.3    Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted respective successors and assigns.
10.4    Days. If any action is required to be performed, or if any notice, consent or other communication is given, on a day that is a Saturday or Sunday or a legal holiday in the jurisdiction in which the action is required to be performed or in which is located the intended recipient of such notice, consent or other communication, such performance shall be deemed to be required, and such notice, consent or other communication shall be deemed to be given, on the first business day following such Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday. Unless otherwise specified herein, all references herein to a “day” or “days” shall refer to calendar days and not business days.
10.5    Governing Law. This Agreement and all documents referred to herein shall be governed by and construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the state in which the Property is located without regard to its principles of conflicts of law. This paragraph shall survive the closing or consummation of the conveyance contemplated by this Agreement, and any termination of this Agreement.
10.6    Counterparts. To facilitate execution, this Agreement may be executed in as many counterparts as may be required. It shall not be necessary that the signature on behalf of both parties hereto appear on each counterpart hereof. All counterparts hereof shall collectively constitute a single agreement. Electronic or DocuSign signatures shall have the same valid and binding effect as original signatures.
10.7    Severability. If any term, covenant or condition of this Agreement, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, shall to any extent be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such term, covenant or condition to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby, and each term,
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covenant or condition of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
10.8    Costs. Regardless of whether Closing occurs hereunder, and except as otherwise expressly provided herein, each party hereto shall be responsible for its own costs in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, fees of attorneys, engineers and accountants.
10.9    Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered (i) by hand, (ii) if sent on a business day during the business hours of 9:00 a.m. until 6:00 p.m. Dallas, Texas time, via email with a copy to follow by reputable overnight courier for next-day delivery, (iii) sent prepaid for next-day delivery by Federal Express (or a comparable overnight delivery service) or (iv) sent by the United States mail, certified, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, at the addresses and with such copies as designated below. Any notice, request, demand or other communication delivered or sent in the manner aforesaid may be given by the party required to give such notice, etc., or its attorney, and shall be deemed given or made (as the case may be) when actually delivered to or refused by the intended recipient.
If to Seller:        Ashford Atlantic Beach LP
14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1200
Dallas, Texas 75254
Attn: Christopher Peckham
Email: cpeckham@ashfordinc.com

and:            Jackson Walker LLP
2323 Ross Avenue, Suite 600
Dallas, Texas 75201
Attn: Cynthia B. Nelson
Email: cbnelson@jw.com

If to Purchaser:    c/o Sage Hospitality Group
1575 Welton Street, Suite 300
Denver, Colorado 80202    
Attn: Jason Altberger
    Email: jason.altberger@sagehospitalitygroup.com

With a copy to:    Akerman LLP
1251 Avenue of the Americas, 37th Floor
New York, New York 10020
Attn: Ronald Kornreich
Email: ronald.kornreich@akerman.com

If to Escrow Agent:    Kensington Vanguard National Title
5949 Sherry Lane, Suite 111
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Dallas, Texas 75225
Attn:  Trey Lentz
Phone: (214) 273-2514
Email: TLentz@kvnational.com

or to such other address as the intended recipient may have specified in a notice to the other party. Any party hereto may change its address or designate different or other persons or entities to receive copies by notifying the other party and Escrow Agent in a manner described in this Section.
10.10    Escrow Agent. Escrow Agent referred to in the definition thereof contained in Section 1.1 hereof has agreed to act as such for the convenience of the parties without fee or other charges for such services as Escrow Agent. Escrow Agent shall not be liable: (a) to any of the parties for any act or omission to act except for its own willful misconduct; (b) for any legal effect, insufficiency, or undesirability of any instrument deposited with or delivered by Escrow Agent or exchanged by the parties hereunder, whether or not Escrow Agent prepared such instrument; (c) for any loss or impairment of funds that have been deposited in escrow while those funds are in the course of collection, or while those funds are on deposit in a financial institution, if such loss or impairment results from the failure, insolvency or suspension of a financial institution; (d) for the expiration of any time limit or other consequence of delay, unless a properly executed written instruction, accepted by Escrow Agent, has instructed Escrow Agent to comply with said time limit; (e) for the default, error, action or omission of either party to the escrow. Escrow Agent, in its capacity as escrow agent, shall be entitled to rely on any document or paper received by it, believed by such Escrow Agent, in good faith, to be bona fide and genuine. In the event of any dispute as to the disposition of the Deposit or any other monies held in escrow, or of any documents held in escrow, Escrow Agent may continue to hold the Deposit pursuant to the terms hereof, or if Escrow Agent so elects, interplead the matter at the joint and several cost of Purchaser and Seller by filing an interpleader action in a court of general jurisdiction in the county or circuit where the Real Property is located (to the jurisdiction of which both parties do hereby consent), and pay into the registry of the court the Deposit, or deposit any such documents with respect to which there is a dispute in the Registry of such court, whereupon such Escrow Agent shall be relieved and released from any further liability as Escrow Agent hereunder. Escrow Agent shall not be liable for Escrow Agent’s compliance with any legal process, subpoena, writ, order, judgment and decree of any court, whether issued with or without jurisdiction, and whether or not subsequently vacated, modified, set aside or reversed. Purchaser and Seller agree to jointly and severally indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Escrow Agent from and against any loss, cost, damage, expense and attorney’s fee (collectively called “Expenses”) in connection with or in any way arising out of the escrow arrangement, other than expenses resulting from the Escrow Agent’s own gross negligence or willful misconduct.
10.11    Incorporation by Reference. All of the exhibits and schedules attached hereto are by this reference incorporated herein and made a part hereof.
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10.12    Survival. Except to the extent (i) that Seller gives Purchaser written notice prior to the expiration of the Study Period of the untruth or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty contained herein, (ii) Purchaser otherwise obtains actual knowledge prior to the expiration of the Study Period of the untruth or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty contained herein, or (iii) of a Non-Breach Inaccuracy, and Purchaser nevertheless elects to close this transaction, the representations and warranties made herein shall survive the Closing through but not beyond the Limitation Date (as hereinafter defined) after which such representations and warranties shall merge into the Closing Documents, provided that the aforesaid limitation regarding the Limitation Date shall not apply to the prosecution of any claim made and action commenced in accordance with clauses (a) and (b) below on or prior to the Limitation Date. Subject to the foregoing, the representations and warranties of Seller set forth in Article III of this Agreement and the representations and warranties of Purchaser set forth in Article IV of this Agreement shall survive for nine (9) months after the Closing (the “Limitation Date”). Seller and Purchaser hereby agree that, notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement or any provision of law to the contrary, any action which may be brought for the untruth or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty by Seller in Article III of this Agreement (a “Claim”) shall be forever barred unless, no later than the Limitation Date Purchaser (a) delivers to Seller a written notice of the Claim setting forth the basis for such Claim, and (b) files a complaint or petition against Seller alleging such Claim in an appropriate Federal district or state court and serves the same upon Seller, in which case the Limitation Date, as to such breach, shall be extended pending resolution of such complaint or petition. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, any Claim that Purchaser may have at any time against Seller will not be valid or effective, and Seller shall have no liability with respect thereto, unless all valid Claims exceed Twenty-five Thousand Dollars ($25,000) in the aggregate (after which Seller shall be responsible for all such Claims, including the first $25,000). Seller’s liability for damages resulting from valid Claims shall in no event exceed three percent (3%) of the Purchase Price in the aggregate (the “Cap”).
Notwithstanding the foregoing, any claim for breach of any of representations and warranties under Sections 3.1 (Organization and Power), 3.2 (Authorization and Execution), 3.3 (Non-contravention), 3.9 (Seller Is Not a “Foreign Person”), 3.11 (Terrorism), 3.13 (Rights of First Offer), 3.14 (Title to Personal Property) and 3.20 (ERISA) shall not be subject to the $25,000 basket or the Cap and shall survive Closing until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations rather than the Limitation Date.
Subject to the waivers, acknowledgments, agreements, and releases by Purchaser in this Agreement, including the limitations provided in this Section 10.12 of this Agreement, Seller shall indemnify, defend and hold Purchaser harmless for (A) any Claim for the untruth or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty by Seller in Article III of this Agreement or in any Closing Document and/or (B) any breach by Seller of any covenants or obligations in this Agreement which survive the Closing. This Section shall expressly survive the Closing.
Subject to the waivers, acknowledgments, agreements, and releases by Purchaser in this Agreement (and other than with respect to (i) the physical and/or environmental condition of the Property, including, without limitation, any claim first arising from and after the Closing by a
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Governmental Authority regarding compliance with Applicable Laws relating to such condition, and (ii) any matter covered by the Owner’s Title Policy (provided that notwithstanding clause (i) and (ii), Seller shall nevertheless be required to indemnify to the extent the foregoing are the subject of an express representation or warranty of Seller in this Agreement or any document delivered at Closing), Seller shall indemnify, defend and hold Purchaser harmless for any and all claims of third parties which are attributable to the Property and its operation prior to Closing, including, without limitation, liabilities for Taxes, employee liabilities (including, without limitation, persons who claim to be employees, co-employees, or joint employees), Monetary Title Encumbrances, contractual defaults (including, without limitation, under the Operating Agreements, Occupancy Agreements, Leased Property Agreements and Management Agreement), and injury to persons or property (regardless of whether such claims that are attributable to injury to persons or property are caused by any physical condition on the Property). Subject to the waivers, acknowledgments, agreements, and releases by Seller in this Agreement, Purchaser shall defend and hold Seller harmless for any and all claims of third parties which are attributable to the Property and its operation and relate to any period from and after Closing, including, without limitation, liabilities for Taxes, employee liabilities, contractual defaults under the Operating Agreements, Occupancy Agreements and Leased Property Agreements, and injury to persons or property. This Section shall expressly survive the Closing.
10.13    Further Assurances. Seller and Purchaser each covenant and agree to sign, execute and deliver, or cause to be signed, executed and delivered, and to do or make, or cause to be done or made, upon the written request of the other party, any and all agreements, instruments, papers, deeds, acts or things, supplemental, confirmatory or otherwise, as may be reasonably required by either party hereto for the purpose of or in connection with consummating the transactions described herein provided that compliance with the provision of this Section 10.13 shall not increase the liability of the complying party.
10.14    No Partnership. This Agreement does not and shall not be construed to create a partnership, joint venture or any other relationship between the parties hereto except the relationship of seller and purchaser specifically established hereby.
10.15    Time of Essence. Time is of the essence with respect to every provision hereof.
10.16    Signatory Exculpation. The signatory(ies) for Purchaser and Seller is/are executing this Agreement in his/their capacity as representative of such party and not individually and, therefore, shall have no personal or individual liability of any kind in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by it.
10.17    Rules of Construction. The following rules shall apply to the construction and interpretation of this Agreement, unless otherwise indicated by the context:
(a)    Singular words shall connote the plural number as well as the singular and vice versa, and the masculine shall include the feminine and the neuter.
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(b)    All references herein to particular articles, sections, subsections, clauses or exhibits are references to articles, sections, subsections, clauses or exhibits of this Agreement.
(c)    The table of contents and headings contained herein are solely for convenience of reference and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement nor shall they affect its meaning, construction or effect.
(d)    Each party hereto and its counsel have reviewed and revised (or requested revisions of) this Agreement and have participated in the preparation of this Agreement, and therefore any usual rules of construction requiring that ambiguities are to be resolved against a particular party shall not be applicable in the construction and interpretation of this Agreement or any exhibits hereto.
10.18    No Recording. Neither this Agreement nor any memorandum hereof, or any other instrument intended to give notice hereof (or which actually gives notice hereof) shall be recorded provided this restriction shall not apply if such recordation is incident to an action for specific performance.
10.19    Facsimile or Electronic Signatures. The execution of this Agreement and all notices given hereunder and all amendments hereto, may be effected by facsimile or electronic signatures, all of which shall be treated as originals; provided, however, that the party receiving a document with a facsimile or electronic signature may, by notice to the other, require the prompt delivery of an original signature to evidence and confirm the delivery of the facsimile or electronic signature.
10.20    Effective Date. This Agreement shall be terminable by either Seller or Purchaser prior to the Effective Date. The “Effective Date” shall mean the first date on which the following shall have occurred: (i) Purchaser and Seller shall have executed this Agreement, and (ii) Escrow Agent shall have acknowledged receipt of this Agreement fully executed by Seller and Purchaser.
10.21    Survival. The provisions of this Article X shall survive Closing. Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement and except as expressly provided in Section 10.12 hereof, all of the representations and warranties and covenants of the parties contained in this Agreement shall not survive the Closing and shall merge into the Closing Documents. Upon Closing, any breach or default of any such representations or warranties or covenants that do not expressly survive the Closing, whether known or unknown, shall be deemed waived by the Closing.
10.22    Energy-Efficiency. The prospective buyer of real property with a building for occupancy located thereon is notified that the buyer may have the building’s energy efficiency rating determined. Purchaser hereby acknowledges that Seller has, simultaneously with the execution hereof, delivered to Purchaser a copy of the Florida Building Energy Efficiency Rating System pamphlet prepared by the State of Florida Department of Community Affairs.
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10.23    Radon. Seller and Purchaser hereby acknowledge that the following serves as notification required by Section 404.056(5), Florida Statutes: “RADON GAS: Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that when it has been accumulated in a building in sufficient quantities, may present health risks to persons who are exposed to it over time. Levels of radon that exceed federal and state guidelines have been found in buildings in Florida. Additional information regarding radon and radon testing may be obtained from your county health unit.”
10.24    Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds.  At the Closing, Seller shall deposit in escrow with Escrow Agent a portion of the Purchase Price in the amount of $250,000 (such amount, together with any and all interest earned thereon, shall be referred to herein as the “Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds”) to secure, on a non-exclusive basis, Seller’s indemnification obligations under Section 10.12 of this Agreement (including in respect of proration adjustments), subject to the limitations set forth in Section 10.12 of this Agreement.  The Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds shall be held by Escrow Agent, in escrow, in accordance with the terms and provisions of an escrow agreement to be entered into at Closing by and among Seller, Purchaser and Escrow Agent (the “Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Agreement”).  The Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Agreement shall be in a form consistent with this Section 10.24 and reasonably agreed by Purchaser and Seller.  Purchaser shall have the right, from time to time after the Closing Date, but prior to the date that three (3) months after the Closing Date (the “Escrow End Date”), to deliver to Seller and Escrow Agent written notice(s) of any claims for indemnification pursuant to Section 10.12 of this Agreement (collectively, “Claims” and each such notice a “Claim Notice”), which Claim Notice shall set forth Purchaser’s good faith estimate of actual damages incurred as a result of such Claim, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 10.12 (“Claimed Damages”) and request that Escrow Agent release to Purchaser a portion of the Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds equal to the Claimed Damages.  In the event that Seller sends a written objection to Escrow Agent and Purchaser within five (5) business days after Seller’s receipt of such Claim Notice(s) from Purchaser objecting to the payment of the Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds equal to the Claimed Damages to Purchaser, then Escrow Agent shall continue to hold such Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds equal to the Claimed Damages until the disposition of the Claimed Damages has been (i) settled pursuant to a written settlement agreement entered into between Purchaser and Seller, in which case the Claimed Damages shall be disbursed in accordance with the instructions set forth in such settlement agreement or (ii) adjudicated pursuant to a final non-appealable judgment with respect thereto rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction, in which case the Claimed Damages shall be disbursed in accordance with such final non-appealable judgment.  Following the Escrow End Date, in the event that (a) Purchaser has not delivered any Claim Notices to Escrow Agent and Seller, or (b) Purchaser has delivered a Claim Notice(s) to Escrow Agent and Seller setting forth aggregate Claimed Damages less than the total amount of the Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds, then Seller shall have the right to send a direction letter to Escrow Agent and Purchaser requesting the return of, in the case of clause (a) above, the full amount of the Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds, or in the case of clause (b) above, the amount of the Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds less the aggregate Claimed Damages.  For clarity, the rights of the Purchaser under Section 10.12 shall not be limited to the Post-Closing Indemnity Escrow Funds, Purchaser shall be permitted to deliver Claim Notices on or following the Escrow End Date subject to the limitations set forth in Section 10.12 of this Agreement but
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the Post-Closing Indemnity Funds shall not secure the indemnification obligations of Seller with respect to Claims made on or after the Escrow End Date, and nothing in this Section 10.24 shall limit the obligations of Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership pursuant to the Joinder attached to this Agreement. 
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller and Purchaser have caused this Agreement to be executed in their names by their respective duly authorized representatives.
SELLER:

Ashford Atlantic Beach LP,
a Delaware limited partnership

By:     Ashford Atlantic Beach GP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, its general partner


By: /s/ Alex Rose                
Name:     Alex Rose                
Title: Executive Vice President        
Date: May 31, 2024                


PURCHASER:

ACS ONE OCEAN PROPCO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company


By: /s/ Jason Altberger    
Name: Jason Altberger    
Title: Authorized Person    
Date: May 31, 2024    



ESCROW AGENT:

Kensington Vanguard National Title (Escrow Agent hereby acknowledges receipt of a fully executed Agreement from both Seller and Purchaser for purposes of Sections 10.10 and 10.20 hereof.)


By: /s/ Patrick Jackson            
Name: Patrick Jackson            
Title: Vice President                
Date: May 31, 2024                

[Signature Page]
39485521v.14


JOINDER


Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership, hereby joins in this Agreement of Purchase and Sale for the sole and limited purpose of guarantying the obligations of Seller to Purchaser hereunder, but only to the extent that (i) the Closing occurs, and (ii) Seller expressly has liability to Purchaser under this Agreement, and in all cases subject to the limitations of liability and Limitation Date set forth in Section 10.12 of the Agreement to the extent applicable.

Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership,
a Delaware limited partnership

By:    Ashford OP General Partner LLC,
    a Delaware limited liability company
    its general partner                


By: /s/ Alex Rose                
Name:     Alex Rose                
Title: Executive Vice President        
Date: May 31, 2024                

[Signature Page]
39485521v.14


Exhibits
A – Land
B – Intentionally Omitted
C – Form of Deed
D – Form of Bill of Sale
E – Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement
F – Form of Assignment of Occupancy Agreements
G – Form of FIRPTA Certificate
H – Seller’s Closing Certificate

Schedules
1 – Closing Cost Allocations
3.5 – Management Agreement, Operating Agreements and Leased Property Agreements
3.8 – Occupancy Agreements

RECEIPT OF ESCROW AGENT
Kensington Vanguard National Title, as Escrow Agent, acknowledges receipt of the sum of $_________________ by wire transfer from Purchaser as described in Section 2.3 of the Agreement, said wire transfer to be held pursuant to the terms and provisions of the Agreement.
DATED this ___ day of ________________, 2024.
Kensington Vanguard National Title


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         
Date:                         


[Receipt of Escrow Agent]
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EXHIBIT A
LAND
Parcel One
A part of Block 36, together with a part of the abandoned alleys within said Block 36, together with a part of Ahern Street and a part of Atlantic Boulevard, Plat No. 1, Subdivision “A” Atlantic Beach, as recorded in Plat Book 5, Page 69, of the current public records of Duval County, Florida, together with all of the lands lying Easterly thereof to the erosion control line of the Atlantic Ocean as established by Plat Book 35, Pages 59, 59A and 59B, of the aforesaid public records, all more particularly described as follows: For a POINT OF BEGINNING commence at the Northwest corner of Lot 11 of said Block 36, said corner being the intersection of the Easterly right-of-way line of Ocean Boulevard (formerly Continental Avenue) with the former Southerly right-of-way line of Ahern Street (formerly Plum Street) all as established by survey prepared by I.R. Wellington registered land surveyor No. 179, on September 29, 1937, examined and approved by the council of the town of Atlantic Beach on October 5, 1937, said survey being titled “Survey of a part of Atlantic Beach, Duval County, Florida” from existing bulkhead to center line of former F.E.C. right-of-way. For the purpose of definitely fixing the boundaries of the streets and for locating permanent reference monuments at the corners of each block; thence South 05 degrees 54 minutes 10 seconds East along the aforementioned Easterly right-of-way line of Ocean Boulevard, a distance of 195.74 feet to the recently created Northerly right-of-way line of Atlantic Boulevard; thence Easterly along said recently created right-of-way line the following eight courses: 1) South 62 degrees 27 minutes 04 seconds East, a distance of 29.18 feet; 2) North 89 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds East, a distance of 156.53 feet to the point of curvature of a curve concave Southwesterly having a radius of 63.68 feet; 3) Southeasterly along the arc of said curve a distance of 52.21 feet, said arc being subtended by a chord bearing of South 68 degrees 24 minutes 32 seconds East and a chord distance of 50.76 feet to a non-tangent end of said curve; 4) North 89 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds East along the Northerly right-of-way line as established by the aforementioned I.R. Wellington survey, a distance of 7.10 feet to a point on a curve concave Northeasterly having a radius of 18.50 feet; 5) Southeasterly along the arc of said curve, a distance of 24.53 feet, said arc being subtended by a chord bearing of South 52 degrees 36 minutes 25 seconds East and a chord distance of 22.77 feet to a point of tangency of said curve; 6) North 89 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds East, a distance of 26.04 feet; 7) South 00 degrees 35 minutes 10 seconds East, a distance of 4.00 feet; 8) North 89 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds East, a distance of 120.54 feet to the aforementioned erosion control line; thence North 02 degrees 18 minutes 03 seconds West along said erosion control line, a distance of 34.17 feet to angle point No. 37; thence continue along said erosion control line North 04 degrees 38 minutes 30 seconds West, a distance of 254.35 feet to an intersection with the aforementioned Southerly right-of-way line of Ahern Street; thence South 83 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds West along said Southerly right-of-way line of Ahern Street, a distance of 72.16 feet to a recently created jog in said right-of-way line; thence along said recently created right-of-way the following three courses: 1) North 04 degrees 42 minutes 12 seconds West, a distance of 10.15 feet; 2) South 83 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds West, a distance of 50.55 feet; 3) thence South 52 degrees 28 minutes 26 seconds West, a distance of 19.73 feet to a point on the aforementioned
[Exhibit A]
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original right-of-way line of Ahern Street; thence South 83 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds West, a distance of 112.90 feet to another recently created jog in said right-of-way line; thence North 05 degrees 54 minutes 10 seconds West, a distance of 18.00 feet; thence South 83 degrees 24 minutes 50 seconds West along the recently created Southerly right-of-way line of Ahern Street, a distance of 150.00 feet to the aforementioned Easterly right-of-way line of Ocean Boulevard; thence South 05 degrees 54 minutes 10 seconds East along said Easterly right-of-way line, a distance of 18.00 feet to the POINT OF BEGINNING.
Parcel Two
All of Lots 1, 2, 10 and 11, together with a part of Lots 3 and 9, Block 33; together with a part of Ahern Street, all in Plat No. 1, Subdivision “A”, Atlantic Beach, as recorded in Plat Book 5, page 69 of the current public records of Duval County, Florida, all more particularly described as follows:
For a point of beginning commence at the Southwest corner of said Lot 1; thence N. 05°54’10”W., along the Westerly line of said Lots 1 and 11, a distance of 256.00 feet to the Northwest corner of said Lot 11; thence N. 83° 24’50” E., along the North line of said Lots 10 and 11, a distance of 71.10 feet to an angle point in the North line of said Lot 10; thence N. 89° 06’ 50” E, along the Northerly line of Lots 9 and 10, a distance of 58.19 feet; thence S. 06° 35’ 10” E., along a line 15 feet Westerly of and parallel with the East line of said Lots 3 and 9 and its Southerly projection, a distance of 263.20 feet; thence S. 83° 24’ 50” W., along a line 13 feet Southerly of and parallel with the South line of aforesaid Lots 1, 2 and 3, a distance of 132.22 feet to a point on the Easterly right-of-way line of Ocean Boulevard; thence N. 05° 54’ 10” W., along said Easterly Right-of-Way line of Ocean Boulevard, a distance of 13.00 feet to the point of beginning.

[Exhibit A]
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EXHIBIT B
INTENTIONALLY OMITTED

[Exhibit B]
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EXHIBIT C– SUBJECT TO LOCAL COUNSEL REVIEW
FORM OF DEED
PREPARED BY AND RETURN TO:

Cindy B. Nelson
Jackson Walker LLP
2323 Ross Avenue, Suite 600
Dallas, TX 75201

Tax I.D. No.:     

THIS SPECIAL WARRANTY DEED, executed the _______ day of ____________ 2024, by ASHFORD ATLANTIC BEACH LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Grantor”), having an address of 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100, Dallas, Texas 75254, in favor of _________________, a ___________________ (“Grantee”), having an address of _______________________.
W I T N E S S E T H:
Grantor, in consideration of the premises and the sum of TEN AND NO/100 DOLLARS ($10.00) in hand paid and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, hereby grants, bargains, sells, aliens, remises, releases, conveys, transfers and confirms to Grantee, and Grantee’s successors and assigns forever, that certain real property and improvements situate in Duval County, Florida, being more particularly described as follows:
SEE EXHIBIT A ATTACHED HERETO and incorporated herein (the “Land”).
TOGETHER WITH all of Grantor’s right, title and interest in and to all buildings, structures and other improvements located on the Land, and any and all fixtures attached to or incorporated within such buildings, structures and other improvements, if any.
All of the property and property rights described above shall be referred to herein as the “Property”.
TOGETHER WITH all tenements, hereditaments, and appurtenances, with every privilege, license, right, title, interest and estate, reversion, remainder, and easement thereto belonging or in anywise appertaining.
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the same unto Grantee in fee simple forever.
SUBJECT TO (a) taxes and assessments for the year 2024 and all subsequent years not yet due and payable; (b) all applicable governmental, zoning and land use ordinances, restrictions, and prohibitions and other requirements imposed by governmental authority to the

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extent the same are currently valid and enforceable against the Property; and (c) covenants, conditions, restrictions, easements, reservations and limitations of record to the extent that the same are currently valid and enforceable against the Property, if any; provided, however, nothing herein shall be deemed to reimpose the same (all of those items described in (a) through (c) above are hereinafter collectively referred to as the “Permitted Encumbrances”).
AND GRANTOR covenants with and warrants to Grantee that Grantor is lawfully seized of the Property in fee simple; that Grantor has good right and lawful authority to sell and convey the Property; and that Grantor hereby fully warrants the title to said Property subject to the Permitted Encumbrances and will defend the same against the lawful claims of all persons whomsoever, claiming by, through or under Grantor, but against none other.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has set his hand and seal on behalf of Grantor on the day and year first above written.

Signed, sealed and delivered    
in the presence of:


By:     
Print Name:     
Address: ____________________________
____________________________________

By:     
Print Name:     
Address: ____________________________
____________________________________
GRANTOR:
ASHFORD ATLANTIC BEACH LP,
a Delaware limited partnership

By:     Ashford Atlantic Beach GP LLC,
    a Delaware limited liability company,     its general partner


    By:
                    
    Name:    Alex Rose
    Title:    Vice President
STATE OF ________________
COUNTY OF ______________
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me by means of [___] physical presence or [___] online notarization, this ____ day of _____________, 2024, by Alex Rose, as Vice President of Ashford Atlantic Beach GP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, general partner of Ashford Atlantic Beach LP, a Delaware limited partnership.
    
(Signature of Notary Public –
State of ____________)

    
(Print, Type, or Stamp Commissioned Name of Notary Public)

    
Personally Known OR Produced Identification
                             Type of Identification Produced

[Exhibit C – Page 1]
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Exhibit A to Special Warranty Deed
Description of Land


[Exhibit C – Page 2]
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[Exhibit C – Page 3]
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EXHIBIT D
SPECIAL WARRANTY BILL OF SALE
For Ten and No/100 Dollars ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, _____________________________ (“Seller”) and _____________________ (“Operating Lessee”), each hereby conveys to _______________________ (“Purchaser”) all of its respective right, title and interest in and to the following (collectively, the “Personal Property”):
(i)    all items of Tangible Personal Property (as defined in that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated _______________, 20____ by and between Seller and Purchaser (the “Agreement”)), except any Tangible Personal Property leased by Seller or Operating Lessee;
(ii)    to the extent transferable, all of the Intangible Personal Property (as defined in the Agreement);
(iii)    all subsisting and assignable warranties and guaranties relating to the improvements located at the Property (as defined in the Agreement) or the Tangible Personal Property or any part thereof; and
(iv)    all petty cash funds used in connection with hotel guest operations at the Property, and the so-called “guest ledger” for the Hotel (as defined in the Agreement) located on the Property of guest accounts receivable payable to the Hotel as of the check-out time for the Hotel on the date hereof (based on guest and customers then using the Hotel) both (A) in occupancy from the preceding night through check out time on the date hereof, and (B) previously in occupancy prior to check out time on the date hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller and Operating Lessee have executed this Bill of Sale effective as of ____________________, 20____.
SELLER:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         
[Exhibit D – Page 1]
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OPERATING LESSEE:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         
[Exhibit D – Page 2]
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EXHIBIT E
ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT
For Ten and No/100 Dollars ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, _____________________________ (“Seller”) and _______________ (“Operating Lessee”), hereby assign and delegate to _______________________ (“Assignee”) all of their respective right, title and interest in and to the following:
(i)    all Operating Agreements (as defined in that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated __________________, 20____ by and between Seller and Purchaser (the “Agreement”)) with respect to the Property (as defined in the Agreement); and
(ii)    all Leased Property Agreements (as defined in the Agreement);
Assignee hereby assumes and agrees to perform all of the obligations of Seller and Operating Lessee under the Operating Agreements and Leased Property Agreements (collectively the “Assigned Agreements”), solely to the extent any such obligations first accrue and are applicable to periods from and after the date hereof or which accrue prior to the date hereof for which Assignee received a credit on the closing statement of even date herewith between the parties (or pursuant to any post-closing adjustment thereof), but excluding any liabilities relating to or arising of any breach or violation of any Assigned Agreement that occurred prior to the date hereof.
If any litigation between Seller (and/or Operating Lessee) and Assignee arises out of the obligations of the parties under this Assignment and Assumption Agreement or concerning the meaning or interpretation of any provision contained herein, the losing party shall pay the prevailing party’s costs and expenses of such litigation including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees.
This Assignment and Assumption Agreement may be executed and delivered in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original and all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Telecopied signatures shall have the same valid and binding effect as original signatures.

[Exhibit E – Page 1]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller, Operating Lessee and Assignee have executed this Assignment as of ___________________, 20__.


SELLER:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         

OPERATING LESSEE:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         

ASSIGNEE:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         


[Exhibit E – Page 2]
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EXHIBIT F
FORM OF ASSIGNMENT OF OCCUPANCY AGREEMENTS
ASSIGNMENT OF OCCUPANCY AGREEMENTS
For Ten and No/100 Dollars ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, _____________________________ (“Seller”) and _____________________ (“Operating Lessee”), each hereby assigns to _______________________ (“Assignee”) all of its or their respective right, title and interest in and to the Occupancy Agreements, as defined in that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale dated _________________, 20__ by and between Seller and Purchaser (the “Agreement”). Assignee hereby assumes and agrees to perform all of the obligations of Seller and/or Operating Lessee under the Occupancy Agreements to the extent any such obligations first accrue and are applicable to periods from and after the date hereof or which accrue prior to the date hereof for which Assignee received a credit on the closing statement of even date herewith between the parties (or pursuant to any post-closing adjustment thereof) but excluding any liabilities relating to or arising of any breach or violation of any Occupancy Agreements that occurred prior to the date hereof.
If any litigation between Seller (and/or Operating Lessee) and Assignee arises out of the obligations of the parties under this Assignment of Occupancy Agreements or concerning the meaning or interpretation of any provision contained herein, the losing party shall pay the prevailing party’s costs and expenses of such litigation including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees.
This Assignment of Occupancy Agreements may be executed and delivered in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original and all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Telecopied signatures may be attached hereto and shall have the same valid and binding effect as original signatures.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Seller, Operating Lessee and Assignee have executed this Assignment of Occupancy Agreements as of ___________________, 20____.
SELLER:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         

[Exhibit F – Page 1]
39485521v.14


OPERATING LESSEE:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         

ASSIGNEE:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         


[Exhibit F – Page 2]
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EXHIBIT G
FORM OF FIRPTA CERTIFICATE
CERTIFICATE OF NON-FOREIGN STATUS
TO: ____________________________________________
FROM: ____________________________________________ (“Seller”)

Section 1445 of the Internal Revenue Code provides that a transferee of a U.S. real property interest must withhold tax if the transferor is a foreign person. To inform the transferee that withholding of tax is not required upon the disposition of a U.S. real property interest by Seller, the undersigned hereby certifies the following on behalf of Seller:
(a)    Seller is not a foreign corporation, foreign partnership, foreign trust, foreign estate or foreign person (as those terms are defined in the Internal Revenue Code and Income Tax Regulations);
2.    Seller is not a disregarded entity as defined in Section 1.1445-2(b)(2)(iii) of the Income Tax Regulations.
(b)    Seller’s U.S. employer identification number is ______________________; and
(c)    Seller’s office address is: c/o Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, 14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100, Dallas, Texas.
Seller understands that this certification may be disclosed to the Internal Revenue Service by transferee and that any false statement contained herein could be punished by fine, imprisonment, or both.
Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined this certification, and it is true, correct, and complete; and I further declare that I have authority to sign this document on behalf of Seller.
SELLER:

                        


By:                         
Name:                     
Title:                         

[Exhibit G]
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Date of Execution: __________________, 20____
[Exhibit G]
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EXHIBIT H
SELLER’S CLOSING CERTIFICATE
The undersigned certify to ___________________________________, a ____________________________ (“Purchaser”) that except as set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto, the representations and warranties of the undersigned contained in Article III of that certain Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated as of ___________, 2024, between the undersigned and Purchaser (as assigned, amended, or modified from time to time, the “Purchase Agreement”), are true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof.
This Seller Closing Certificate is made subject to the limitations on knowledge, scope, liability and survival, and other matters regarding Seller’s representations and warranties, as set forth in the Purchase Agreement, including, without limitation, Section 10.12 thereof.
[Signature page on next page]

[Exhibit G]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Seller Closing Certificate as of the _____ day of ____, 2024.
SELLER:
FEE OWNER

____________________________________

By:        

OPERATING LESSEE

_____________________________________

By:        

[Exhibit G]
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Exhibit A
Representation and Warranty Updates

[Exhibit G]
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SCHEDULE 1
CLOSING COST ALLOCATIONS
Deed Recording FeeP
Sales TaxP
Updated SurveyP
Title commitment/search fees and premium for Title Policy (Owner’s) (subject to application of the “Butler Rebate” reduction in its entirety, but Seller shall be responsible for the entire premium whether or not the Butler Rebate is so applied)S
Municipal lien searchesP
Endorsements to Title Policy; provided that Purchaser shall not be required to pay more than (x) 10% of the promulgated premium, subject to the applicable “Butler Rebate” application for the Florida Form 9 Endorsement and Navigational Servitude and (y) at the minimum promulgated rates such other endorsements, and any amount in excess of the same shall be paid by Seller P
Mortgagee PolicyP
State and local deed taxes, documentary stamps, or similar transfer taxes, fees or assessmentsP
Mortgage TaxP
Escrow FeesP/S
Title Company Closing Services FeesP/S

[Schedule 1]
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LEGEND:
P = To be paid by Purchaser
S = To be paid by Seller
P/S = To be paid equally by Seller, on the one hand, and Purchaser, on the other
N/A = Not applicable
[Schedule 1]
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SCHEDULE 3.5
OPERATING AGREEMENTS AND LEASED PROPERTY AGREEMENTS
1.    ATM Cash Dispenser Location Agreement dated August 31, 2020 between ACFN and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
2.    Acumen Security Services Proposal/Contract dated December 13, 2022 between Acumen Security Services and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
3.    All States Rentals Agreement June 2, 2019 between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and All States Rentals
4.    Accommodation Agreement dated May 3, 2012 between Booking.com B.V. and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
5.    Service Contract dated July 14, 2017 between Dunbar Armored, Inc. and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
6.    Preferred Provider Agreement dated July 30, 3015 between ConferenceDirect LLC and One Ocean Resort Hotel & Spa
7.    Electronic Marketing and Services Agreement dated October 9, 2008 between Digital Alchemy LLC and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
8.    Agreement between Meeting Assistance, Inc. and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
9.    Ground Transportation Letter of Agreement dated May 1, 2016 between Ashford TRS Pool A LLC and East Coast Transportation Company of North Florida, LLC and Go Airport Express & Sedan
10.    Pest Elimination Services Agreement dated November 6, 2017 between Ecolab Pest Elimination and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
11.    Treat Wallet Merchant Agreement dated March 30, 2022 between Treat Wallet, Inc. and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
12.    Expedia Lodging Contract dated January 13, 2014 between Expedia Lodging Partner Services Sarl and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
13.    Agreement for Natural Gas Sales in Florida dated April 1, 2023 between Gas South, LLC and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
14.    HotelTonight Hotel Supply Agreement dated July 20, 2013 between Hotel Tonight, Inc. and One Ocean Resort & Spa
[Schedule 3.5]
39485521v.14


15.    Performance Agreement dated August 1, 2015 between Ashford TRS Pool A LLC and HelmsBrisco Performance Group, Inc.
16.    Audio Visual Service Agreement dated June 1, 2019 between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and J&S Audio Visual Communications, LLC
17.    Hospitality Exclusive Vendor Agreement dated December 3, 2018 between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and Intelligent Blends, L.P.
18.    Master Services Agreement dated March 7, 2016 between Interactive Sites Inc. and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
19.    Host Organization Statement of Purpose and Agreement dated May 14, 2015 between International Educational Exchange and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
20.    Kipsu Services Agreement dated September 17, 2020 between Kipsu, Inc. and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
21.    Optimum Performance Agreement dated May 30, 2008 for Vertical Transportation between Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC and Kone Inc.
22.    Order Package Acceptance Agreement dated December 29, 2016 between Ashford TRS Pool A LLC and Konica Minolta
23.    Retailer Agreement and No Export Agreement dated December 9, 2021 between Lalicious and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
24.    Service Agreement dated June 24, 2020 between Mood Media and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
25.    Product & Services Order Form dated August 14, 2018 between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and Open Table with Amendment to Client Agreement dated August 23, 2018
26.    Hotel Participation Agreement dated February 7, 2008 between Orbitz Worldwide, LLC and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
27.    Service Proposal dated May 5, 2009 Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC and Otis Elevator Company
28.    SIP Trunking Agreement dated June 21, 2021 between Phonesuite Unify, LLC and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
29.    Hotel Participation Agreement dated April 18, 2023 between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and Pre OPCO, LLC
[Schedule 3.5]
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30.    Property Level Agreement dated September 21, 2022 between Quench USA, Inc. and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
31.    Customer Service Agreement dated July 9, 2020 between Republic Services and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach, LLC
32.    Online Media Approval Form – Meta Connect dated September 11, 2019, Jun 1, 2018 and January 15, 2015 with Additional Service – Synxis Center Reservations between Sabre Hospitality Solutions and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
33.    Online Media Approval Form: Trip Advisor Check Rates dated August 12, 2013 between Sabre Hospitality Solutions and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
34.    Additional Service – Synxis Center Reservations dated February 5, 2016 and May 13, 2016 between Sabre Hospitality Solutions and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
35.    Addendum to Synxis Services Agreement adding Travelocity Services dated March 20, 2007 between Synxis Corporation and Ashford TRS Lessee II LLC
36.    Property Participation Agreement effective January 20, 2011 between Travelscape, LLC, Hotels.com, L.P. VacationSpot S.L and Ashford TRS Sapphire, LLC
37.    2Synxis Central Reservation System Agreement dated August 30, 2010 between Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC and Sabre Hospitality Solutions with extension letter dated January 30, 2012
38.    Professional Services Statement of Work dated August 6, 2015 between Ashford TRS Pool A LLC and Sabre Hospitality Solutions
39.    Professional Services Statement of Work dated September 29, 2016 between Ashford TRS Pool A LLC and Sabre Hospitality Solutions
40.    Environmental Scent Service Agreement dated December 1, 2023 between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and Scentair Technologies, LLC
41.    Quote and Statement of Work dated October 4, 2023 between Single Digits and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
42.    Support Service and Maintenance agreement dated October 15, 2007 between Ze-Net Technologies, Inc. and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
43.    Southern Living Hotel Collection Hotel Membership Agreement dated December 27, 2013 between Senoia Hospitality, LLC and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC with Notice of Change of Ownership
[Schedule 3.5]
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44.    Release for Use of Photograph(s) dated February 25, 2014 between Senoia Hospitality LLC and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
45.    Textile Rental Agreement between Simply Linen Solutions and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC dated January 22, 2018
46.    STR Agreement and Enrollment Form dated January 28, 2022 between STR, LLC and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
47.    Instant Book Insertion Order dated August 17, 2015 between Ashford TRS Pool A LLC and Trip Advisor LLC
48.    Service Request Order Form dated December 8, 2017 between Velocity and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
49.    Work Order Agreement dated October 27, 2023 between Vizergy Digital Travel marketing and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
50.    Work Order Agreement dated March 8, 2022 between Vizergy Digital Travel marketing and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
51.    Renewal Agreement dated July 28, 2023 between Vizergy Digital Travel marketing and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
52.    Service Agreement (T-1 Bundle) dated December 2, 2011 between Windstream and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC
53.    Satellite Programming License and Equipment Lease dated May 9, 2017 between World Cinema, Inc. and Ashford TRS Pool A LLC
54.    Non Exclusive License Management Services Agreement dated September 2, 2015 between Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC and Crestrise Communications, LLC; Reinstatement and Ratification of and First Amendment to Non Exclusive License Management Services Agreement dated September 17, 2018 between Ashford Hospitality Advisors LLC and Crestrise Communications, LLC; Fee Acknowledgement Form T-Mobile Amendment # 2, dated November 16, 2018 executed by Ashford TRS Pool A LLC and Crestrise Communications LLC; Fee Acknowledgement Form T-Mobile Amendment #3 dated June 1, 2022 executed by Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and Crestrise Communications LLC.
55.    Preventative Maintenance Inspection dated March 7, 2024 between Florida Comfort Inc. and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
56.    Cooperation Agreement & Merchant Agreement dated February 17, 2024 between Mews Systems Inc. and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
[Schedule 3.5]
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57.    Book4Time Master Services Agreement dated November 3, 2023 between Book4Time Inc. and Remington Lodging & Hospitality, LLC
58.    Toast Merchant Agreement Initial Order Form dated March 6, 2024 between Toast, Inc. and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
59.    Safe – T Services/Service Enrollment Form / Addendum dated March 1, 2024 between Elavon and Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC
60.    Agreement for Temporary Labor Services dated January 18, 2023, by and between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC and LCS Staffing.
61.    Lease dated July 22, 2008, by and between Atlantic-Penman, LLC, as landlord, and Ashford TRS Sapphire LLC, as tenant, for premises located at 725 Atlantic Boulevard, Unit #18, Atlantic Beach, Duval County, Florida.

[Schedule 3.5]
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SCHEDULE 3.8

OCCUPANCY AGREEMENTS
1.    Building Lease dated February 7, 1996 between Oceanfront Associates, Inc. and PowerTel PCS Partners, L.P; Amendment to Building Lease signed February 7, 1996 between Oceanfront Associates, Inc. and PowerTel P.C.S. Partners, L.P., nka, InterCel Jacksonville MTA, Inc.; Second Amendment to Building Lease effective as of November 16, 2018 between Ashford TRS Pool A LLC, successor to Oceanfront Associates, Inc., and T-Mobile South LLC, successor to Powertel PCS Partners, L.P.; Third Amendment to Building Lease dated June 1, 2022 between Ashford TRS Atlantic Beach LLC, successor to Oceanfront Associates, Inc., and T-Mobile South LLC. successor to Powertel PCS Partners, L.P.

[Schedule 3.8]
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EXHIBIT 10.9

AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO THE
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED ADVISORY AGREEMENT
This AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO THE THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED ADVISORY AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”) is entered into as of August 8, 2024, by and among ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC. (the “Company”), ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP (the “Operating Partnership”), ASHFORD TRS CORPORATION (“TRS”), ASHFORD INC. (“AINC”), and ASHFORD HOSPITALITY ADVISORS LLC (“Ashford LLC” and, together with AINC, the “Advisor”).
RECITALS:

WHEREAS, the parties hereto are parties to that certain Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2024 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Advisory Agreement”); and

WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to amend the Advisory Agreement solely as set forth herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, In consideration of the premises and mutual covenants herein and for other valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:
AGREEMENT:
Section 1.     Definitions. Capitalized terms used in this Amendment but not defined have the meaning provided in the Advisory Agreement. Each reference to “hereof”, “hereunder”, “herein” and “hereby” and each other similar reference and each reference to “this Agreement” and each other similar reference contained in the Advisory Agreement shall refer to the Advisory Agreement after giving effect to this Amendment.
Section 2.    Amendment to the Advisory Agreement. Subsection (iii) of the definition of “Company Change of Control” in Section 13 of the Advisory Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:
“(iii) commencing after the first anniversary of the Prior Effective Date, the consummation of a sale or disposition by the Company of twenty percent (20%) of the gross book value of the Company’s assets over any one-year period or the consummation of a sale or disposition by the Company of thirty percent (30%) of the gross book value of the Company’s assets over any three-year period, exclusive in each case of assets sold or contributed to a platform also advised by the Advisor; provided further that (A) with respect to the calculation at any time after the Effective Date of the percentage of gross book value of the Company’s assets sold or disposed, each of (a) any sale or disposition consummated prior to January 1, 2024 shall be excluded from the numerator of such calculation (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation) and (b) any sale or disposition of any Hotel Portfolio Asset with respect to KEYS A or KEYS B shall be excluded from the numerator of such calculation (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation), (B) with respect to the calculation at any time on or prior to the earlier of August 31, 2025 (the “Highland Outside Date”), or the refinancing of Highland, of the percentage of gross book value of the Company’s assets sold or disposed, any sale or disposition of any Hotel Portfolio Asset with respect to Highland following a Maturity Default of Highland shall be excluded



from the numerator of such calculation (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation), (C) with respect to the calculation at any time on or prior to the earlier of November 30, 2025 (the “KEYS Outside Date), or the refinancing of KEYS C, KEYS D and KEYS E, respectively, of the percentage of gross book value of the Company’s assets sold or disposed, any sale or disposition of any Hotel Portfolio Asset with respect to KEYS C, KEYS D and KEYS E, respectively, following a Maturity Default of KEYS C, KEYS D or KEYS E, respectively, shall be excluded from the numerator of such calculation (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation), and (D) with respect to the calculation at any time on or prior to August 31, 2025 (the “JPM8 Outside Date”, and together with the Highland Outside Date and the KEYS Outside Date, the “Outside Date”) of the percentage of gross book value of the Company’s assets sold or disposed, any sale or disposition of any Hotel Portfolio Asset with respect to JPM8 following a JPM8 Event of Default shall be excluded from the numerator of such calculation (but, for the avoidance of doubt, included in the denominator of such calculation); provided, if prior to an Outside Date, a Company Change of Control has not occurred under this clause (iii) due to the provisions of subclause (B), (C) or (D) (but a Company Change of Control would have occurred prior to such Outside Date in the absence of the provisions of subclause (B), (C) and/or (D)), on such Outside Date, a Company Change of Control shall be deemed to have occurred pursuant to a Change of Control Agreement.”

Section 3.     Miscellaneous.
3.1     Advisory Agreement Unaffected. Each reference to the Advisory Agreement shall hereafter be construed as a reference to the Advisory Agreement after giving effect to this Amendment. Except as herein otherwise specifically provided, all provisions of the Advisory Agreement (after giving effect to this Amendment) shall remain in full force and effect and be unaffected hereby.
3.2     Headings. Section headings herein are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part hereof for any other purpose or be given any substantive effect.
3.3     Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, by different parties hereto in separate counterparts and by facsimile signature or other electronic transmissions, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute but one and the same agreement.
3.4     Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction. The provisions of Section 21 of the Advisory Agreement shall be set forth herein mutatis mutandis.
[Signature pages follow.]




IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Amendment has been duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.

ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.


By: /s/ Stephen Zsigray
Name: Stephen Zsigray
Title: Chief Executive Officer
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
By: Ashford OP General Partner LLC, its general partner


By: /s/ Deric S. Eubanks
Name: Deric S. Eubanks
Title: Chief Financial Officer
ASHFORD TRS CORPORATION


By: /s/ Deric S. Eubanks
Name: Deric S. Eubanks
Title: President and Secretary
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY ADVISORS LLC


By: /s/ Eric Batis
Name: Eric Batis
Title: Chief Executive Officer
ASHFORD INC.


By: /s/ Alex Rose
Name: Alex Rose
Title: Executive Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary






[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement]

EXHIBIT 10.10
Deferred Cash Award Agreement
This Deferred Cash Award Agreement (this “Award Agreement”) is made and entered into as of March 31, 2024 (the “Grant Date”) by and between Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Company”), and [ ] (the “Participant”). All capitalized terms in this Award Agreement shall have the meanings assigned to them herein. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Company’s 2021 Stock Incentive Plan, as the same may be amended from time to time (the “Plan”).
1.Grant of Deferred Cash. Pursuant and subject to the terms and conditions of this Award Agreement and the Plan, the Company grants to the Participant the right to receive a cash payment equal to 1/4th (25%) of $[ ] (the “Total Amount”) on April 1, 2024 (or as soon as practical thereafter), 1/2 (50%) of the Total Amount upon satisfaction of the Repayment Condition (as defined below)(or as soon as practical following such satisfaction), 3/20th (15%) of the Total Amount upon satisfaction of the Review Condition (as defined below)(or as soon as practical following such satisfaction), and 1/10th (10%) of the Total Amount upon satisfaction of both the Repayment Condition and the Review Condition (or as soon as practical following such satisfaction) (altogether, the “Deferred Cash”), on the terms and conditions and subject to the restrictions set forth in this Award Agreement and the Plan. The grant of Deferred Cash is made in consideration of the services rendered by the Participant to the Company and/or its Affiliates and is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
For the purposes of this Agreement, (i) the “Repayment Condition” will be deemed to be satisfied upon the successful repayment of the Company’s corporate strategic financing with Oaktree Capital Management, L.P., and (ii) the “Review Condition” will be deemed to be satisfied upon the decision of the Compensation Committee of the Company, after the successful completion of a process to review potential value creation strategies for the Company with a subset of the board of directors, which will supplement the Company’s annual strategic review.
Satisfaction of the Repayment Condition and the Review Condition may only occur within three years of the Grant Date (the “Completion Period”). If either or both of the Repayment Condition and the Review Condition are not satisfied within such Completion Period, the payouts associated with such respective condition shall be forfeited, as applicable.
2.Risk of Forfeiture. The Participant shall immediately forfeit all rights to any portion of the Deferred Cash with respect to which the applicable calendar quarter has not concluded (or, in the case of a Termination of Service for Cause, to any unpaid Deferred Cash) for no consideration in the event of the Participant’s Termination of Service, if applicable, under circumstances that do not cause the Participant to become fully vested under the terms of Section 3. For the purposes of this Award Agreement, “Termination of Service” shall mean the Participant’s termination of service or employment with the Company, and its Affiliates, for any reason, and therefore, the Participant shall not be deemed to have a Termination of Service merely because of a change in the capacity in which the Participant renders service to the Company or its Affiliates as an Employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director or a change in the entity among the Company and its Affiliates for which the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participant’s service.



3.Accelerated Vesting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, should any employment or other written agreement between the Participant and the Company or any of its Affiliates (the “Employment Agreement”) provide for accelerated vesting of equity awards held by the Participant in the event of the Participant’s Termination of Service or a Change of Control, the terms of the Employment Agreement shall govern the vesting of the Deferred Cash granted hereunder and all unpaid Deferred Cash that so vests shall become immediately payable in a lump sum. If the Participant has no Employment Agreement or such Employment Agreement does not address the treatment of outstanding equity awards upon the Participant’s Termination of Service or Change of Control, all unpaid Deferred Cash shall immediately vest and become payable in a lump sum upon the earliest to occur of: (A) the Participant’s Termination of Service by the Company and its Affiliates without Cause (at a time that the Participant is otherwise willing and able to continue providing services) or a Termination of Service by Participant for Good Reason; (B) the Participant’s Termination of Service for any reason within one (1) year following the effective date of a Change of Control; or (C) death or Disability of the Participant.
4.Withholding. The Company shall be entitled to withhold (or to cause the withholding of) the amount, if any, of all taxes of any applicable jurisdiction required to be withheld by an employer with respect to any amount paid to the Participant hereunder. The Company, in its sole and absolute discretion, shall make all determinations as to whether it is obligated to withhold any taxes hereunder and the amount thereof.
5.No Right to Continued Service. Neither the Plan nor this Award Agreement shall confer upon the Participant any right to be retained in any capacity as a service provider to the Company or its Affiliates. Further, nothing in the Plan or this Award Agreement shall be construed to limit the discretion of the Company or its Affiliates, as the case may be, to terminate the Participant’s service at any time, with or without Cause.
6.Notices. Any notice required to be delivered to the Company under this Award Agreement shall be in writing and addressed to the General Counsel of the Company at the Company’s principal corporate offices. Any notice required to be delivered to the Participant under this Award Agreement shall be in writing and addressed to the Participant at the Participant’s address as shown in the records of the Company at the time such notice is to be delivered. Either party may designate another address in writing (or by such other method approved by the Company) from time to time.
7.Governing Law. This Award Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland without regard to conflict of law principles.
8.Interpretation. Any dispute regarding the interpretation of this Award Agreement shall be submitted by the Participant or the Company to the Committee for review. The resolution of such dispute by the Committee shall be final and binding on the Participant and the Company.
9.Deferred Cash Subject to Plan. This Award Agreement is subject to the Plan as approved by the Company’s shareholders. The terms and provisions of the Plan as it may be amended from time to time are hereby incorporated herein by reference. In the event of a conflict between any
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term or provision contained herein and a term or provision of the Plan, the applicable terms and provisions of the Plan will govern and prevail.
10.Successors and Assigns. The Company may assign any of its rights under this Award Agreement. This Award Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the successors and assigns of the Company. Subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth herein, this Award Agreement will be binding upon the Participant and the Participant’s beneficiaries, executors, administrators and the person(s) to whom this Award Agreement may be transferred in accordance with this Award Agreement.
11.Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of the Plan or this Award Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of the Plan or this Award Agreement, and each provision of the Plan and this Award Agreement shall be severable and enforceable to the extent permitted by law.
12.No Transfer Rights. Except as otherwise provided by the Committee, the Participant’s rights hereunder are not transferable except by will or the laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to a domestic relations order of the court in a divorce proceeding. No right or benefit hereunder shall in any manner be liable for or subject to any debts, contracts, liabilities, or torts of the Participant. Except as otherwise provided by the Committee, any attempt to assign, alienate, pledge, attach, sell or otherwise transfer or encumber any rights to or otherwise relating to the Deferred Cash shall be wholly ineffective and, if any such attempt is made, the Deferred Cash will be automatically forfeited by the Participant and all of the Participant’s rights to such shares shall immediately terminate without any payment or consideration by the Company and/or its Affiliates.
13.Discretionary Nature of Plan. The Plan is discretionary and may be amended, cancelled or terminated by the Company at any time, in its discretion. The grant of the Deferred Cash under this Award Agreement does not create any contractual right or other right to receive any Deferred Cash or other Awards in the future. Future Awards, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Company. Any amendment, modification, or termination of the Plan shall not constitute a change or impairment of the terms and conditions of the Participant’s service with the Company or its Affiliates.
14.No Guarantee of Tax Consequences. The Company, its Affiliates, the Board and the Committee make no commitment or guarantee to the Participant (or to any other person claiming through or on behalf of the Participant) that any federal, state, local or other tax treatment will (or will not) apply or be available to any person eligible for benefits under this Award Agreement and assume no liability or responsibility whatsoever for the tax consequences to the Participant (or to any other person claiming through or on behalf of the Participant).
15.Claw-back Policy. This Award shall be subject to the provisions of any claw-back policy implemented by the Company or its Affiliates, including, without limitation, any claw-back policy adopted to comply with the requirements of any federal or state laws and any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder, to the extent set forth in such claw-back policy.
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16.Amendment. The Committee has the right, without the consent of the Participant, to amend, modify or terminate this Award Agreement, prospectively or retroactively; provided, that, such amendment, modification or termination shall not, without the Participant’s consent, materially reduce or diminish the value of the Award memorialized hereby determined as if the Award had been vested and settled on the date of such amendment or termination.
17.No Impact on Other Benefits. The value of the Award memorialized hereby is not part of the Participant’s normal or expected compensation for purposes of calculating any severance, retirement, welfare, insurance or similar benefit, as applicable, except as otherwise provided in any employment agreement, service agreement or similar agreement in effect between the Company or its Affiliates and the Participant.
18.Counterparts. This Award Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. Counterpart signature pages to this Award Agreement transmitted by facsimile transmission, by electronic mail in portable document format (.pdf), or by any other electronic means intended to preserve the original graphic and pictorial appearance of a document, will have the same effect as physical delivery of the paper document bearing an original signature.
19.Headings. The headings in this Award Agreement are for purposes of convenience only and are not intended to define or limit the construction of the provisions hereof.
20.Section 409A.  The Company and the Participant intend for the payments and benefits under this Award Agreement to be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 409A”), or, if not so exempt, to be paid or provided in a manner which complies with the requirements of such section, and intend that this Award Agreement shall be construed and administered in accordance with such intention. If any payments or benefits due to the Participant hereunder would cause the application of an accelerated or additional tax under Section 409A, such payments or benefits shall be restructured in a manner which does not cause such an accelerated or additional tax. For purposes of the limitations on nonqualified deferred compensation under Section 409A, each payment of compensation under this Award Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment of compensation. Without limiting the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, to the extent required in order to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, amounts that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided pursuant to this Award Agreement during the six-month period immediately following the Participant’s separation from service shall instead be paid on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Participant’s termination date (or death, if earlier), and the Participant shall not be considered to have terminated employment with the Company and its Affiliates for purposes of this Award Agreement until he would be considered to have incurred a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A.
21.Acceptance. The Participant hereby acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and this Award Agreement. The Participant has read and understands the terms and provisions thereof, and accepts the Deferred Cash subject to all of the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Award Agreement.
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[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

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Executed as of the [ ] day of March 2024.
COMPANY:
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
By: ___________________________________
Name: Alex Rose
Title: Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
PARTICIPANT:
                            
Name

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EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Stephen Zsigray, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 8, 2024

/s/ STEPHEN ZSIGRAY
Stephen Zsigray
President and Chief Executive Officer



EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Deric S. Eubanks, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 8, 2024

/s/ DERIC S. EUBANKS
Deric S. Eubanks
Chief Financial Officer



EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Stephen Zsigray, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
 
(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 8, 2024

/s/ STEPHEN ZSIGRAY
Stephen Zsigray
President and Chief Executive Officer



EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Deric S. Eubanks, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
 
(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 8, 2024

/s/ DERIC S. EUBANKS
Deric S. Eubanks
Chief Financial Officer