false--03-31FY20172017-03-3110-K000128930843518085YesLarge Accelerated Filer2994677429ENERSYSNoYesENS20382018P1YP1Y11393000126620000.70.70.70.010.0113500000013500000054112776543708100.02483850.033750.0370.0180.0350.0150.040.0150.0400.0150.0460.030.0340.01250.0370.0180.070.0440.0650.0320.0650.0330.040.020.03750.0150.0400.01519100042720002021000325000058700014200099000010680005900012660002770009290000.0110000000000P4Y10923274 0001289308 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 2016-10-02 0001289308 2017-05-25 0001289308 2016-03-31 0001289308 2017-03-31 0001289308 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ParentMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ParentMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TreasuryStockMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ParentMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ParentMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TreasuryStockMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ParentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TreasuryStockMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TreasuryStockMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TreasuryStockMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ParentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ParentMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TreasuryStockMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:MinimumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:BuildingAndBuildingImprovementsMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:MinimumMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:MaximumMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:BuildingAndBuildingImprovementsMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:ReservePowerBatteriesMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:MachineryAndEquipmentMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MotivePowerBatteriesMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:ReservePowerBatteriesMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MotivePowerBatteriesMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember us-gaap:CustomerRelationshipsMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember ens:NoncompeteMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember us-gaap:TechnologyEquipmentMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember ens:NoncompeteMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember us-gaap:TechnologyEquipmentMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember us-gaap:CustomerRelationshipsMember us-gaap:WeightedAverageMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember ens:NoncompeteMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember us-gaap:GoodwillMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 ens:ICSIndustiresPtyLtdMember us-gaap:TrademarksMember 2015-07-23 2015-07-23 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EMEAMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AsiaMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AsiaMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EMEAMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:AmericasandEMEAMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:AmericasandEMEAMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EMEAMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:AmericasandEMEAMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EMEAMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PatentsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TrademarksMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:TrademarksMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncompeteAgreementsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CustomerRelationshipsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NoncompeteAgreementsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:LicensingAgreementsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PatentsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:LicensingAgreementsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CustomerRelationshipsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AsiaMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EMEAMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredThreePointThreeSevenFivePercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndThirtyEightMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredThreePointThreeSevenFivePercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndThirtyEightMember 2015-04-23 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredFivePointZeroPercentageSeniorNotesDueTwoThousandAndTwentyThreeMember 2015-04-23 0001289308 2015-06-05 2015-06-05 0001289308 us-gaap:ConvertibleNotesPayableMember 2008-05-28 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredThreePointThreeSevenFivePercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndThirtyEightMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ConvertibleNotesPayableMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 2008-05-27 2008-05-28 0001289308 us-gaap:ConvertibleNotesPayableMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 2015-07-17 2015-07-17 0001289308 us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember 2014-07-08 0001289308 us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember ens:TwoThousandAndElevenCreditFacilityMember 2014-12-28 0001289308 us-gaap:ConvertibleNotesPayableMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:RevolvingCommitmentsandorTermLoansMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ConvertibleNotesPayableMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember ens:TwoThousandAndElevenCreditFacilityMember 2014-07-08 0001289308 2015-06-08 0001289308 ens:DebtInstrumentFinalInstallmentsPayableonSeptember302018Member 2014-07-08 2014-07-08 0001289308 ens:RevolvingCommitmentsandorTermLoansMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:MaximumMember ens:HigherofBankofAmericaPrimeRateorFederalFundsEffectiveRateMember 2014-07-08 2014-07-08 0001289308 ens:RevolvingCommitmentsandorTermLoansMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:MaximumMember us-gaap:LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember 2014-07-08 2014-07-08 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredThreePointThreeSevenFivePercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndThirtyEightMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:DebtInstrumentQuarterlyInstallmentsBeginningJune302014throughJune302016Member 2014-07-08 2014-07-08 0001289308 us-gaap:ConvertibleNotesPayableMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RevolvingCommitmentsandorTermLoansMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember 2014-07-08 0001289308 ens:DebtInstrumentQuarterlyInstallmentsBeginningJune302016throughSeptember302018Member 2014-07-08 2014-07-08 0001289308 ens:RevolvingCommitmentsandorTermLoansMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:MinimumMember ens:HigherofBankofAmericaPrimeRateorFederalFundsEffectiveRateMember 2014-07-08 2014-07-08 0001289308 us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember 2014-12-28 0001289308 ens:RevolvingCommitmentsandorTermLoansMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember us-gaap:MinimumMember us-gaap:LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember 2014-07-08 2014-07-08 0001289308 us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember ens:TwoThousandAndElevenCreditFacilityMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredFivePointZeroPercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndTwentyEightMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredFivePointZeroPercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndTwentyEightMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:SecuredDebtMember ens:IncrementalCommitmentAgreementMember ens:TwoThousandAndElevenCreditFacilityMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredThreePointThreeSevenFivePercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndThirtyEightMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:TwoThousandAndElevenCreditFacilityMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:PurcellMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember us-gaap:EMEAMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:PurcellMember us-gaap:EMEAMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:MinimumMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:SeniorUnsecuredFivePointZeroPercentageConvertibleNotesDueTwoThousandAndTwentyEightMember 2015-12-27 0001289308 us-gaap:MaximumMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AmericasMember country:US 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:QuallionMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:PurcellMember country:US 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:PrepaidAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CostOfSalesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CostOfSalesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember ens:OtherIncomeExpenseMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CostOfSalesMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CostOfSalesMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember ens:OtherIncomeExpenseMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CostOfSalesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CostOfSalesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForwardContractsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CostOfSalesMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignExchangeForwardMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember ens:OtherIncomeExpenseMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InternalRevenueServiceIRSMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignCountryMember us-gaap:ValuationAllowanceOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignCountryMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignCountryMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:OtherNoncurrentAssetsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:OtherNoncurrentAssetsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnfundedDefinedBenefitPlanMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:DefinedBenefitPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationInExcessOfFairValueOfPlanAssetsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnfundedDefinedBenefitPlanMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:DefinedBenefitPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationInExcessOfFairValueOfPlanAssetsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:DefinedBenefitPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationInExcessOfFairValueOfPlanAssetsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:DefinedBenefitPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationInExcessOfFairValueOfPlanAssetsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnfundedDefinedBenefitPlanMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnfundedDefinedBenefitPlanMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnitedStatesEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnitedStatesEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnitedStatesEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:FixedIncomeFundsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:UnitedStatesEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:InternationalEquitySecuritiesMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsMember us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsMember us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ForeignPensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:AcceleratedShareRepurchaseAgreementMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:January12016toJanuary192017Member ens:AcceleratedShareRepurchaseAgreementMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetGainLossFromDesignatedOrQualifyingCashFlowHedgesMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:A55.01to60.00Member 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:A65.01to69.85Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:A15.01to20.00Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:A55.01to60.00Member 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:A65.01to69.85Member 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:A15.01to20.00Member 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:StockOptionsIssuedInFiscal2010Member us-gaap:MaximumMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestrictedSharesRestrictedStockUnitsAndMarketShareUnitsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestrictedSharesRestrictedStockUnitsAndMarketShareUnitsMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketStockUnitsMember us-gaap:ManagementMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestrictedSharesRestrictedStockUnitsAndMarketShareUnitsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember us-gaap:ManagementMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember us-gaap:ManagementMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketStockUnitsMember us-gaap:ManagementMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember ens:NonemployeeDirectorsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember ens:NonemployeeDirectorsMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember us-gaap:ManagementMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:EquityIncentivePlanMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember ens:NonemployeeDirectorsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketStockUnitsMember us-gaap:ManagementMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonqualifiedStockOptionsMember us-gaap:ManagementMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketStockUnitsMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketStockUnitsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketStockUnitsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketShareUnitsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketShareUnitsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:MarketShareUnitsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 2013-04-01 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:PerformanceMarketUnitsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:PerformanceMarketUnitsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:PerformanceMarketUnitsMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:EnerSysDelawareInc.Member ens:EnerSysDelawareIncandAltergySystemsLitigationMember 2013-04-01 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:GermanyAnticompetitionProceedingsMember us-gaap:MaximumMember 2017-01-01 0001289308 ens:GermanyAnticompetitionProceedingsMember 2016-04-01 2017-01-01 0001289308 2016-03-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:GermanyAnticompetitionProceedingsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:BelgiumAntiCompetitionProceedingMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 2013-09-30 2013-12-29 0001289308 ens:GermanyAnticompetitionProceedingsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:GermanyAnticompetitionProceedingsMember us-gaap:MinimumMember 2017-01-01 0001289308 2014-04-01 2014-09-28 0001289308 ens:BelgiumAntiCompetitionProceedingMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 2014-06-30 2014-09-28 0001289308 ens:EnerSysDelawareInc.Member ens:EnerSysDelawareIncandAltergySystemsLitigationMember 2013-12-30 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedToAPortionOfSalesAndEngineeringinEuropeMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:SouthAfricaJointVentureBusinessExitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2013-12-30 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:InventoryWriteOffMember ens:SouthAfricaJointVentureBusinessExitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:NonCashChargesMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2013-12-30 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedToAPortionOfSalesAndEngineeringinEuropeMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 ens:NonCashChargesMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2012-04-01 2013-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedToAPortionOfSalesAndEngineeringinEuropeMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-04-01 2015-12-27 0001289308 ens:ChangeinEstimateofContractlossesMember ens:SouthAfricaJointVentureBusinessExitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsinClevelandOhioMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember ens:CashChargesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyRelatedtoMotivePowerAssemblyandDistributionCenterMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember ens:CashChargesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2013-12-30 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:CashChargesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedToAPortionOfSalesAndEngineeringinEuropeMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsintheAmericasMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2016-04-01 2016-07-03 0001289308 ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2012-04-01 2013-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:UnitedStatesPensionPlansOfUSEntityDefinedBenefitMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember ens:NonCashChargesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonCashChargesMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember ens:SouthAfricaJointVentureBusinessExitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedToAPortionOfSalesAndEngineeringinEuropeMember ens:CashChargesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyRelatedtoMotivePowerAssemblyandDistributionCenterMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInAmericasMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:CashChargesMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2015-09-28 2015-12-27 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsinClevelandOhioMember ens:PensionCurtailmentMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsintheAmericasMember ens:NonCashChargesMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember ens:CashChargesMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsintheAmericasMember ens:CashChargesMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2016-04-01 2016-07-03 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsinClevelandOhioMember ens:CashChargesMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsintheAmericasMember ens:PensionCurtailmentMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:CashChargesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsinClevelandOhioMember ens:NonCashChargesMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToManufacturingFacilityinJiangduMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember us-gaap:AsiaMember 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedtoImprovingtheEfficiencyofManufacturingOperationsintheAmericasMember ens:NonCashChargesMember us-gaap:AmericasMember 2016-04-01 2016-07-03 0001289308 ens:DeconsolidationofJointVentureMember ens:SouthAfricaJointVentureBusinessExitMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringsRelatedToImprovingEfficiencyOfManufacturingOperationsInEmeaMember ens:NonCashChargesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:RestructuringRelatedToAPortionOfSalesAndEngineeringinEuropeMember ens:CashChargesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember ens:EuropeanOperationsMember 2012-04-01 2013-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember ens:PlantClosureAndOtherMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember ens:PlantClosureAndOtherMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember ens:PlantClosureAndOtherMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember ens:PlantClosureAndOtherMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember ens:PlantClosureAndOtherMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember ens:PlantClosureAndOtherMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember ens:PlantClosureAndOtherMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:NonAcquisitionRelatedRestructuringPlansMember us-gaap:EmployeeSeveranceMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 country:US 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 country:US 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 country:US 2016-03-31 0001289308 country:US 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 country:US 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AsiaMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EuropeMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:ReservePowerMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:MotivePowerMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EMEAMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EuropeMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:EuropeMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:MotivePowerMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:ReservePowerMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:MotivePowerMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:ReservePowerMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ManufacturingFacilityMember 2017-01-02 2017-03-31 0001289308 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 2015-09-28 2015-12-27 0001289308 2016-07-04 2016-10-02 0001289308 2017-01-02 2017-03-31 0001289308 2016-10-03 2017-01-01 0001289308 2016-04-01 2016-07-03 0001289308 2015-06-29 2015-09-27 0001289308 2015-12-28 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:ManufacturingFacilityMember 2015-04-01 2015-06-28 0001289308 us-gaap:DividendDeclaredMember us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2017-05-04 2017-05-04 0001289308 us-gaap:RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2017-05-09 2017-05-09 0001289308 us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2017-05-09 2017-05-09 0001289308 ens:MarketShareUnitsMember us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2017-05-09 2017-05-09 0001289308 us-gaap:EmployeeStockOptionMember us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2017-05-09 2017-05-09 0001289308 us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:DeferredIncomeTaxValuationAllowancesMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:DeferredIncomeTaxValuationAllowancesMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 ens:DeferredIncomeTaxValuationAllowancesMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserveMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserveMember 2014-04-01 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:DeferredIncomeTaxValuationAllowancesMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserveMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsMember 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:DeferredIncomeTaxValuationAllowancesMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserveMember 2015-04-01 2016-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserveMember 2015-03-31 0001289308 ens:DeferredIncomeTaxValuationAllowancesMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 ens:DeferredIncomeTaxValuationAllowancesMember 2016-04-01 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserveMember 2014-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsMember 2017-03-31 0001289308 us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserveMember 2017-03-31 iso4217:USD xbrli:shares xbrli:shares xbrli:pure ens:segment iso4217:USD ens:acquisition utreg:lb ens:Employee ens:Country

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
ý
Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017 or
¨
Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from                      to                     
Commission file number: 001-32253
 ENERSYS
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
23-3058564
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
2366 Bernville Road
Reading, Pennsylvania 19605
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 610-208-1991
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 
Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
 
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    ý  YES    ¨  NO
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    ¨  YES    ý  NO
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    ý  YES    ¨  NO
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    YES  ý    NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (Section 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 

1

Large accelerated filer  x
 
Accelerated filer  ¨  
Non-accelerated filer  ¨  
 
Smaller reporting company  ¨  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
 
Emerging growth company ¨  
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    ¨  YES    ý  NO
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates at October 2, 2016: $2,994,677,429 (1) (based upon its closing transaction price on the New York Stock Exchange on September 30, 2016).
(1)
For this purpose only, “non-affiliates” excludes directors and executive officers.

Common stock outstanding at May 25, 2017:                          43,518,085 Shares of Common Stock

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on or about August 2, 2017 are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report.

2

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Reform Act”) provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of EnerSys. EnerSys and its representatives may, from time to time, make written or verbal forward-looking statements, including statements contained in EnerSys' filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ( “SEC”) and its reports to stockholders. Generally, the inclusion of the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “estimate,” “will,” “plans,” or the negative of such terms and similar expressions identify statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that are intended to come within the safe harbor protection provided by those sections. All statements addressing operating performance, events, or developments that EnerSys expects or anticipates will occur in the future, including statements relating to sales growth, earnings or earnings per share growth, and market share, as well as statements expressing optimism or pessimism about future operating results, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Reform Act. The forward-looking statements are and will be based on management’s then-current beliefs and assumptions regarding future events and operating performance and on information currently available to management, and are applicable only as of the dates of such statements.

Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Although we do not make forward-looking statements unless we believe we have a reasonable basis for doing so, we cannot guarantee their accuracy. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements due to a number of uncertainties and risks, including the risks described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and other unforeseen risks. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. These statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, even if subsequently made available by us on our website or otherwise, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise these statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements for a number of reasons, including the following factors:

•
general cyclical patterns of the industries in which our customers operate;
•
the extent to which we cannot control our fixed and variable costs;
•
the raw materials in our products may experience significant fluctuations in market price and availability;
•
certain raw materials constitute hazardous materials that may give rise to costly environmental and safety claims;
•
legislation regarding the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in our products;
•
risks involved in our operations such as disruption of markets, changes in import and export laws, environmental regulations, currency restrictions and local currency exchange rate fluctuations;
•
our ability to maintain relationships with customers, including raising our selling prices to our customers when our product costs increase;
•
the extent to which we are able to efficiently utilize our global manufacturing facilities and optimize our capacity;
•
general economic conditions in the markets in which we operate;
•
competitiveness of the battery markets and other energy solutions for industrial applications throughout the world;
•
our timely development of competitive new products and product enhancements in a changing environment and the acceptance of such products and product enhancements by customers;
•
our ability to adequately protect our proprietary intellectual property, technology and brand names;
•
litigation and regulatory proceedings to which we might be subject;
•
our expectations concerning indemnification obligations;
•
changes in our market share in the geographic business segments where we operate;
•
our ability to implement our cost reduction initiatives successfully and improve our profitability;
•
quality problems associated with our products;
•
our ability to implement business strategies, including our acquisition strategy, manufacturing expansion and restructuring plans;
•
our acquisition strategy may not be successful in locating advantageous targets;
•
our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems and management personnel we acquire into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames;
•
potential goodwill impairment charges, future impairment charges and fluctuations in the fair values of reporting units or of assets in the event projected financial results are not achieved within expected time frames;
•
our debt and debt service requirements which may restrict our operational and financial flexibility, as well as imposing unfavorable interest and financing costs;
•
our ability to maintain our existing credit facilities or obtain satisfactory new credit facilities;
•
adverse changes in our short- and long-term debt levels under our credit facilities;

3

•
our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates on our variable-rate debt;
•
our ability to attract and retain qualified management and personnel;
•
our ability to maintain good relations with labor unions;
•
credit risk associated with our customers, including risk of insolvency and bankruptcy;
•
our ability to successfully recover in the event of a disaster affecting our infrastructure;
•
terrorist acts or acts of war, could cause damage or disruption to our operations, our suppliers, channels to market or customers, or could cause costs to increase, or create political or economic instability; and
•
the operation, capacity and security of our information systems and infrastructure.

This list of factors that may affect future performance is illustrative, but by no means exhaustive. Accordingly, all forward-looking statements should be evaluated with the understanding of their inherent uncertainty.

4

EnerSys
Annual Report on Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2017
Index
 
 
Page
 
 
 
3
 
 
 
Item 1.
6
 
 
 
Item 1A.
10
 
 
 
Item 1B.
17
 
 
 
Item 2.
18
 
 
 
Item 3.
18
 
 
 
Item 4.
18
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 5.
19
 
 
 
Item 6.
22
 
 
 
Item 7.
23
 
 
 
Item 7A.
46
 
 
 
Item 8.
49
 
 
 
Item 9.
99
 
 
 
Item 9A.
99
 
 
 
Item 9B.
99
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10.
100
 
 
 
Item 11.
100
 
 
 
Item 12.
100
 
 
 
Item 13.
100
 
 
 
Item 14.
101
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15.
102
 
 
 
 
106

5
Table of Contents

PART I 

ITEM 1.
BUSINESS

Overview

EnerSys (the “Company,” “we,” or “us”) is the world’s largest manufacturer, marketer and distributor of industrial batteries. We also manufacture, market and distribute products such as battery chargers, power equipment, battery accessories, and outdoor cabinet enclosures. Additionally, we provide related aftermarket and customer-support services for our products. We market our products globally to over 10,000 customers in more than 100 countries through a network of distributors, independent representatives and our internal sales force.

We operate and manage our business in three geographic regions of the world—Americas, EMEA and Asia, as described below. Our business is highly decentralized with manufacturing locations throughout the world. More than half of our manufacturing capacity is located outside of the United States, and approximately 50% of our net sales were generated outside of the United States. The Company has three reportable business segments based on geographic regions, defined as follows:

•
Americas, which includes North and South America, with our segment headquarters in Reading, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.;
•
EMEA, which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa, with our segment headquarters in Zug, Switzerland; and
•
Asia, which includes Asia, Australia and Oceania, with our segment headquarters in Singapore.

We have two primary product lines: reserve power and motive power products. Net sales classifications by product line are as follows:

•
Reserve power products are used for backup power for the continuous operation of critical applications in telecommunications systems, uninterruptible power systems, or “UPS” applications for computer and computer-controlled systems, and other specialty power applications, including medical and security systems, premium starting, lighting and ignition applications, in switchgear, electrical control systems used in electric utilities, large-scale energy storage, energy pipelines, in commercial aircraft, satellites, military aircraft, submarines, ships and tactical vehicles. Reserve power products also include thermally managed cabinets and enclosures for electronic equipment and batteries.
•
Motive power products are used to provide power for electric industrial forklifts used in manufacturing, warehousing and other material handling applications as well as mining equipment, diesel locomotive starting and other rail equipment.

Additionally, see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information on segment reporting.

Fiscal Year Reporting

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, when we refer to our fiscal years, we state “fiscal” and the year, as in “fiscal 2017”, which refers to our fiscal year ended March 31, 2017. The Company reports interim financial information for 13-week periods, except for the first quarter, which always begins on April 1, and the fourth quarter, which always ends on March 31. The four quarters in fiscal 2017 ended on July 3, 2016, October 2, 2016, January 1, 2017, and March 31, 2017, respectively. The four quarters in fiscal 2016 ended on June 28, 2015, September 27, 2015, December 27, 2015, and March 31, 2016, respectively.

History

EnerSys and its predecessor companies have been manufacturers of industrial batteries for over 125 years. Morgan Stanley Capital Partners teamed with the management of Yuasa, Inc. in late 2000 to acquire from Yuasa Corporation (Japan) its reserve power and motive power battery businesses in North and South America. We were incorporated in October 2000 for the purpose of completing the Yuasa, Inc. acquisition. On January 1, 2001, we changed our name from Yuasa, Inc. to EnerSys to reflect our focus on the energy systems nature of our businesses.

In 2004, EnerSys completed its initial public offering (the “IPO”) and the Company’s common stock commenced trading on the New York Stock Exchange, under the trading symbol “ENS”.


6
Table of Contents

Key Developments

There have been several key stages in the development of our business, which explain to a significant degree our results of operations over the past several years.

In March 2002, we acquired the reserve power and motive power business of the Energy Storage Group of Invensys plc. (“ESG”). Our successful integration of ESG provided global scale in both the reserve and motive power markets. The ESG acquisition also provided us with a further opportunity to reduce costs and improve operating efficiency.

During fiscal years 2003 through 2017, we made twenty-seven acquisitions around the globe. In fiscal 2016, we completed the acquisition of ICS Industries Pty. Ltd. (ICS), headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. ICS is a leading full line shelter designer and manufacturer with installation and maintenance services serving the telecommunications, utilities, datacenter, natural resources and transport industries operating in Australia and serving customers in the Asia Pacific region.

Effective April 1, 2016, David Shaffer became our new President and Chief Executive Officer and Todd Sechrist became our new Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of EnerSys. In addition, we hired a Chief Technical Officer, who reviewed our existing product portfolio and development programs and generated a new product roadmap.

We also hired a Vice President - Business Development to expand our capabilities to identify, review and execute M & A transitions. Mr. Shaffer and senior management of the company have performed a company-wide strategic review of our operations, product portfolio, enterprise systems and management capabilities, which resulted in the following key action items:

Develop operational excellence priorities to:

•
Update and upgrade our digital core;
•
Implement Lean initiatives to further substantial productivity gains; and
•
Invest in productivity and capacity automation.

Our goal is to improve our operating margins by a minimum of 200 basis points by the end of fiscal 2021.

Our Customers

We serve over 10,000 customers in over 100 countries, on a direct basis or through our distributors. We are not overly dependent on any particular end market. Our customer base is highly diverse, and no single customer accounts for more than 5% of our revenues.

Our reserve power customers consist of both global and regional customers. These customers are in diverse markets including telecom, UPS, electric utilities, security systems, emergency lighting, premium starting, lighting and ignition applications and space satellites. In addition, we sell our aerospace and defense products in numerous countries, including the governments of the U.S., Germany and the U.K. and to major defense and aviation original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”).

Our motive power products are sold to a large, diversified customer base. These customers include material handling equipment dealers, OEMs and end users of such equipment. End users include manufacturers, distributors, warehouse operators, retailers, airports, mine operators and railroads.

Distribution and Services

We distribute, sell and service reserve and motive power products throughout the world, principally through company-owned sales and service facilities, as well as through independent manufacturers’ representatives. Our company-owned network allows us to offer high-quality service, including preventative maintenance programs and customer support. Our warehouses and service locations enable us to respond quickly to customers in the markets we serve. We believe that the extensive industry experience of our sales organization results in strong long-term customer relationships.

Manufacturing and Raw Materials

We manufacture and assemble our products at manufacturing facilities located in the Americas, EMEA and Asia. With a view toward projected demand, we strive to optimize and balance capacity at our battery manufacturing facilities globally, while

7
Table of Contents

simultaneously minimizing our product cost. By taking a global view of our manufacturing requirements and capacity, we believe we are better able to anticipate potential capacity bottlenecks and equipment and capital funding needs.

The primary raw materials used to manufacture our products include lead, plastics, steel and copper. We purchase lead from a number of leading suppliers throughout the world. Because lead is traded on the world’s commodity markets and its price fluctuates daily, we periodically enter into hedging arrangements for a portion of our projected requirements to reduce the volatility of our costs.

Competition

The industrial battery market is highly competitive both among competitors who manufacture and sell industrial batteries and among customers who purchase industrial batteries. Our competitors range from development stage companies to large domestic and international corporations. Certain of our competitors produce energy storage products utilizing technologies or chemistries different from our own. We compete primarily on the basis of reputation, product quality, reliability of service, delivery and price. We believe that our products and services are competitively priced.

Americas

We believe that we have the largest market share in the Americas industrial battery market. We compete principally with East Penn Manufacturing, Exide Technologies and New Power in both the reserve and motive products markets; and also C&D Technologies Inc., EaglePicher (OM Group), NorthStar Battery, SAFT as well as Chinese producers in the reserve products market.

EMEA

We believe that we have the largest market share in the European industrial battery market. Our primary competitors are Exide Technologies, FIAMM, Hoppecke, SAFT as well as Chinese producers in the reserve products market; and Exide Technologies, Hoppecke, Midac, Eternity, and TAB in the motive products market.

Asia

We have a small share of the fragmented Asian industrial battery market. We compete principally with GS-Yuasa, Shin-Kobe, Hoppecke and Zibo Torch in the motive products market; and Amara Raja, China Shoto, Coslight, Exide Industries, Leoch and Narada, in the reserve products market.

Warranties

Warranties for our products vary geographically and by product type and are competitive with other suppliers of these types of products. Generally, our reserve power product warranties range from one to twenty years and our motive power product warranties range from one to seven years. The length of our warranties is varied to reflect regional characteristics and competitive influences. In some cases, our warranty period may include a pro rata period, which is typically based around the design life of the product and the application served. Our warranties generally cover defects in workmanship and materials and are limited to specific usage parameters.

Intellectual Property

We have numerous patents and patent licenses in the United States and other jurisdictions but do not consider any one patent to be material to our business. From time to time, we apply for patents on new inventions and designs, but we believe that the growth of our business will depend primarily upon the quality of our products and our relationships with our customers, rather than the extent of our patent protection.

We believe we are leaders in thin plate pure lead technology (“TPPL”). Some aspects of this technology may be patented in the future. We believe that a significant capital investment would be required by any party desiring to produce products using TPPL technology for our markets.

We own or possess exclusive and non-exclusive licenses and other rights to use a number of trademarks in various jurisdictions. We have obtained registrations for many of these trademarks in the United States and other jurisdictions. Our various trademark registrations currently have durations of approximately 10 to 20 years, varying by mark and jurisdiction of registration and may

8
Table of Contents

be renewable. We endeavor to keep all of our material registrations current. We believe that many such rights and licenses are important to our business by helping to develop strong brand-name recognition in the marketplace.

Seasonality

Our business generally does not experience significant quarterly fluctuations in net sales as a result of weather or other trends that can be directly linked to seasonality patterns, but historically our fourth quarter is our best quarter with higher revenues and generally more working days and our second quarter is the weakest due to the summer holiday season in Western Europe and North America.

Product and Process Development

Our product and process development efforts are focused on the creation and optimization of new battery products using existing technologies, which, in certain cases, differentiate our stored energy solutions from that of our competition. We allocate our resources to the following key areas:

•
the design and development of new products;
•
optimizing and expanding our existing product offering;
•
waste and scrap reduction;
•
production efficiency and utilization;
•
capacity expansion without additional facilities; and
•
quality attribute maximization.

Employees

At March 31, 2017, we had approximately 9,400 employees. Of these employees, approximately 29% were covered by collective bargaining agreements. Employees covered by collective bargaining agreements that did not exceed twelve months were approximately 7% of the total workforce. The average term of these agreements is two years, with the longest term being three years. We consider our employee relations to be good. We did not experience any significant labor unrest or disruption of production during fiscal 2017.

Environmental Matters

In the manufacture of our products throughout the world, we process, store, dispose of and otherwise use large amounts of hazardous materials, especially lead and acid. As a result, we are subject to extensive and evolving environmental, health and safety laws and regulations governing, among other things: the generation, handling, storage, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials; emissions or discharges of hazardous materials into the ground, air or water; and the health and safety of our employees. In addition, we are required to comply with the regulation issued from the European Union called Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals or “REACH”. Under the regulation, companies which manufacture or import more than one ton of a covered chemical substance per year are required to register it in a central database administered by the European Chemicals Agency. The registration process requires the submission of information to demonstrate the safety of chemicals as used and could result in significant costs or delay the manufacture or sale of our products in the European Union.  Additionally, industry associations and their member companies, including EnerSys, have scheduled meetings with the European Union member countries to advocate for their support of an exemption for lead compounds. Compliance with these laws and regulations results in ongoing costs. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations, or to obtain or comply with required environmental permits, could result in fines, criminal charges or other sanctions by regulators. From time to time, we have had instances of alleged or actual noncompliance that have resulted in the imposition of fines, penalties and required corrective actions. Our ongoing compliance with environmental, health and safety laws, regulations and permits could require us to incur significant expenses, limit our ability to modify or expand our facilities or continue production and require us to install additional pollution control equipment and make other capital improvements. In addition, private parties, including current or former employees, can bring personal injury or other claims against us due to the presence of, or their exposure to, hazardous substances used, stored, transported or disposed of by us or contained in our products.

Sumter, South Carolina

We currently are responsible for certain environmental obligations at our former battery facility in Sumter, South Carolina, that predate our ownership of this facility. This battery facility was closed in 2001 and is separate from our current metal fabrication

9
Table of Contents

facility in Sumter. We have a reserve for this facility that totaled $1.1 million as of March 31, 2017. Based on current information, we believe this reserve is adequate to satisfy our environmental liabilities at this facility.
Environmental and safety certifications

Twenty of our facilities in the Americas, EMEA and Asia are certified to ISO 14001 standards. ISO 14001 is a globally recognized, voluntary program that focuses on the implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of an environmental management system and the improvement of environmental performance. Eight facilities in Europe and one in Africa are certified to OHSAS 18001 standards. OHSAS 18001 is a globally recognized occupational health and safety management systems standard.

Quality Systems

We utilize a global strategy for quality management systems, policies and procedures, the basis of which is the ISO 9001:2008 standard, which is a worldwide recognized quality standard. We believe in the principles of this standard and reinforce this by requiring mandatory compliance for all manufacturing, sales and service locations globally that are registered to the ISO 9001 standard. This strategy enables us to provide consistent quality products and services to meet our customers’ needs.

Available Information

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. These filings are available to the public on the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC’s public reference room, located at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room.

Our Internet address is http://www.enersys.com. We make available free of charge on http://www.enersys.com our annual, quarterly and current reports, and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practical after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS

The following risks and uncertainties, as well as others described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, could materially and adversely affect our business, our results of operations and financial condition and could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations and projections. Stockholders are cautioned that these and other factors, including those beyond our control, may affect future performance and cause actual results to differ from those which may, from time to time, be anticipated. There may be additional risks that are not presently material or known. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” All forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf are qualified by the risks described below.

We operate in an extremely competitive industry and are subject to pricing pressures.

We compete with a number of major international manufacturers and distributors, as well as a large number of smaller, regional competitors. Due to excess capacity in some sectors of our industry and consolidation among industrial battery purchasers, we have been subjected to significant pricing pressures. We anticipate continued competitive pricing pressure as foreign producers are able to employ labor at significantly lower costs than producers in the U.S. and Western Europe, expand their export capacity and increase their marketing presence in our major Americas and European markets. Several of our competitors have strong technical, marketing, sales, manufacturing, distribution and other resources, as well as significant name recognition, established positions in the market and long-standing relationships with OEMs and other customers. In addition, certain of our competitors own lead smelting facilities which, during periods of lead cost increases or price volatility, may provide a competitive pricing advantage and reduce their exposure to volatile raw material costs. Our ability to maintain and improve our operating margins has depended, and continues to depend, on our ability to control and reduce our costs. We cannot assure you that we will be able to continue to control our operating expenses, to raise or maintain our prices or increase our unit volume, in order to maintain or improve our operating results.

The uncertainty in global economic conditions could negatively affect the Company’s operating results.

Our operating results are directly affected by the general global economic conditions of the industries in which our major customer groups operate. Our business segments are highly dependent on the economic and market conditions in each of the geographic areas in which we operate. Our products are heavily dependent on the end markets that we serve and our operating

10
Table of Contents

results will vary by geographic segment, depending on the economic environment in these markets. Sales of our motive power products, for example, depend significantly on demand for new electric industrial forklift trucks, which in turn depends on end-user demand for additional motive capacity in their distribution and manufacturing facilities. The uncertainty in global economic conditions varies by geographic segment, and can result in substantial volatility in global credit markets, particularly in the United States, where we service the vast majority of our debt. These conditions affect our business by reducing prices that our customers may be able or willing to pay for our products or by reducing the demand for our products, which could in turn negatively impact our sales and earnings generation and result in a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow, results of operations and financial position.

Government reviews, inquiries, investigations, and actions could harm our business or reputation.

As we operate in various locations around the world, our operations in certain countries are subject to significant governmental scrutiny and may be adversely impacted by the results of such scrutiny. The regulatory environment with regard to our business is evolving, and officials often exercise broad discretion in deciding how to interpret and apply applicable regulations. From time to time, we receive formal and informal inquiries from various government regulatory authorities, as well as self-regulatory organizations, about our business and compliance with local laws, regulations or standards. For example, certain of the Company’s European subsidiaries have received subpoenas and requests for documents and, in some cases, interviews from, and have had on-site inspections conducted by the competition authorities of Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands relating to conduct and anticompetitive practices of certain industrial battery participants. The Company is responding to inquiries related to these matters. The Company settled the Belgian regulatory proceeding in February 2016 by acknowledging certain anticompetitive practices and conduct and agreeing to pay a fine of $2.0 million, which was paid in March 2016. As of March 31, 2017, the Company had a reserve balance of $1.8 million relating to the Belgian regulatory proceeding, $10.3 million relating to the Dutch regulatory proceeding and $13.5 million to a portion of the German regulatory proceeding and does not believe that an estimate can be made at this time given the current stage of a portion of the German regulatory proceeding. (See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statement).

Any determination that our operations or activities, or the activities of our employees, are not in compliance with existing laws, regulations or standards could result in the imposition of substantial fines, interruptions of business, loss of supplier, vendor, customer or other third-party relationships, termination of necessary licenses and permits, or similar results, all of which could potentially harm our business and/or reputation. Even if an inquiry does not result in these types of determinations, regulatory authorities could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices in a manner materially adverse to our business, and it potentially could create negative publicity which could harm our business and/or reputation.

Reliance on third party relationships and derivative agreements could adversely affect the Company’s business.

We depend on third parties, including suppliers, distributors, lead toll operators, freight forwarders, insurance brokers, commodity brokers, major financial institutions and other third party service providers, for key aspects of our business, including the provision of derivative contracts to manage risks of (a) lead cost volatility, (b) foreign currency exposures and (c) interest rate volatility. Failure of these third parties to meet their contractual, regulatory and other obligations to the Company, or the development of factors that materially disrupt our relationships with these third parties, could expose us to the risks of business disruption, higher lead costs, unfavorable foreign currency rates and higher expenses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our operating results could be adversely affected by changes in the cost and availability of raw materials.

Lead is our most significant raw material and is used along with significant amounts of plastics, steel, copper and other materials in our manufacturing processes. We estimate that raw material costs account for over half of our cost of goods sold. The costs of these raw materials, particularly lead, are volatile and beyond our control. Additionally, availability of the raw materials used to manufacture our products may be limited at times resulting in higher prices and/or the need to find alternative suppliers. Furthermore, the cost of raw materials may also be influenced by transportation costs. Volatile raw material costs can significantly affect our operating results and make period-to-period comparisons extremely difficult. We cannot assure you that we will be able to either hedge the costs or secure the availability of our raw material requirements at a reasonable level or, even with respect to our agreements that adjust pricing to a market-based index for lead, pass on to our customers the increased costs of our raw materials without affecting demand or that limited availability of materials will not impact our production capabilities. Our inability to raise the price of our products in response to increases in prices of raw materials or to maintain a proper supply of raw materials could have an adverse effect on our revenue, operating profit and net income.

Our operations expose us to litigation, tax, environmental and other legal compliance risks.

11
Table of Contents


We are subject to a variety of litigation, tax, environmental, health and safety and other legal compliance risks. These risks include, among other things, possible liability relating to product liability matters, personal injuries, intellectual property rights, contract-related claims, government contracts, taxes, health and safety liabilities, environmental matters and compliance with U.S. and foreign laws, competition laws and laws governing improper business practices. We or one of our business units could be charged with wrongdoing as a result of such matters. If convicted or found liable, we could be subject to significant fines, penalties, repayments or other damages (in certain cases, treble damages). As a global business, we are subject to complex laws and regulations in the U.S. and other countries in which we operate. Those laws and regulations may be interpreted in different ways. They may also change from time to time, as may related interpretations and other guidance. Changes in laws or regulations could result in higher expenses and payments, and uncertainty relating to laws or regulations may also affect how we conduct our operations and structure our investments and could limit our ability to enforce our rights.

In the area of taxes, changes in tax laws and regulations, as well as changes in related interpretations and other tax guidance could materially impact our tax receivables and liabilities and our deferred tax assets and tax liabilities. Additionally, in the ordinary course of business, we are subject to examinations by various authorities, including tax authorities. In addition to ongoing examinations, there could be additional investigations launched in the future by governmental authorities in various jurisdictions and existing investigations could be expanded. The global and diverse nature of our operations means that these risks will continue to exist and additional legal proceedings and contingencies will arise from time to time. Our results may be affected by the outcome of legal proceedings and other contingencies that cannot be predicted with certainty.

In the manufacture of our products throughout the world, we process, store, dispose of and otherwise use large amounts of hazardous materials, especially lead and acid. As a result, we are subject to extensive and changing environmental, health and safety laws and regulations governing, among other things: the generation, handling, storage, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials; remediation of polluted ground or water; emissions or discharges of hazardous materials into the ground, air or water; and the health and safety of our employees. Compliance with these laws and regulations results in ongoing costs. Failure to comply with these laws or regulations, or to obtain or comply with required environmental permits, could result in fines, criminal charges or other sanctions by regulators. From time to time we have had instances of alleged or actual noncompliance that have resulted in the imposition of fines, penalties and required corrective actions. Our ongoing compliance with environmental, health and safety laws, regulations and permits could require us to incur significant expenses, limit our ability to modify or expand our facilities or continue production and require us to install additional pollution control equipment and make other capital improvements. In addition, private parties, including current or former employees, could bring personal injury or other claims against us due to the presence of, or exposure to, hazardous substances used, stored or disposed of by us or contained in our products.

Certain environmental laws assess liability on owners or operators of real property for the cost of investigation, removal or remediation of hazardous substances at their current or former properties or at properties at which they have disposed of hazardous substances. These laws may also assess costs to repair damage to natural resources. We may be responsible for remediating damage to our properties caused by former owners. Soil and groundwater contamination has occurred at some of our current and former properties and may occur or be discovered at other properties in the future. We are currently investigating and monitoring soil and groundwater contamination at several of our properties, in most cases as required by regulatory permitting processes. We may be required to conduct these operations at other properties in the future. In addition, we have been and in the future may be liable to contribute to the cleanup of locations owned or operated by other persons to which we or our predecessor companies have sent wastes for disposal, pursuant to federal and other environmental laws. Under these laws, the owner or operator of contaminated properties and companies that generated, disposed of or arranged for the disposal of wastes sent to a contaminated disposal facility can be held jointly and severally liable for the investigation and cleanup of such properties, regardless of fault. Additionally, our products may become subject to fees and taxes in order to fund cleanup of such properties, including those operated or used by other lead-battery industry participants.

Changes in environmental and climate laws or regulations, could lead to new or additional investment in production designs and could increase environmental compliance expenditures. Changes in climate change concerns, or in the regulation of such concerns, including greenhouse gas emissions, could subject us to additional costs and restrictions, including increased energy and raw materials costs. Additionally, we cannot assure you that we have been or at all times will be in compliance with environmental laws and regulations or that we will not be required to expend significant funds to comply with, or discharge liabilities arising under, environmental laws, regulations and permits, or that we will not be exposed to material environmental, health or safety litigation.

Also, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws in non-U.S. jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to non-U.S. officials for the purpose of

12
Table of Contents

obtaining or retaining business. The FCPA applies to companies, individual directors, officers, employees and agents. Under the FCPA, U.S. companies may be held liable for actions taken by strategic or local partners or representatives. The FCPA also imposes accounting standards and requirements on publicly traded U.S. corporations and their foreign affiliates, which are intended to prevent the diversion of corporate funds to the payment of bribes and other improper payments. Certain of our customer relationships outside of the U.S. are with governmental entities and are therefore subject to such anti-bribery laws. Our policies mandate compliance with these anti-bribery laws. Despite meaningful measures that we undertake to facilitate lawful conduct, which include training and internal control policies, these measures may not always prevent reckless or criminal acts by our employees or agents. As a result, we could be subject to criminal and civil penalties, disgorgement, further changes or enhancements to our procedures, policies and controls, personnel changes or other remedial actions. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt our operations, involve significant management distraction and result in a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

There is also a regulation to improve the transparency and accountability concerning the supply of minerals coming from the conflict zones in and around the Democratic Republic of Congo. U.S. legislation included disclosure requirements regarding the use of conflict minerals mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries and procedures regarding a manufacturer’s efforts to prevent the sourcing of such conflict minerals. In addition, the European Union adopted a EU-wide conflict minerals rule under which most EU importers of tin, tungsten, tantalum, gold and their ores will have to conduct due diligence to ensure the minerals do not originate from conflict zones and do not fund armed conflicts. Large manufacturers also will have to disclose how they plan to monitor their sources to comply with the rules. Compliance with the regulation is required by January 1, 2021. The implementation of these requirements could affect the sourcing and availability of minerals used in the manufacture of our products. As a result, there may only be a limited pool of suppliers who provide conflict-free metals, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain products in sufficient quantities or at competitive prices. Future regulations may become more stringent or costly and our compliance costs and potential liabilities could increase, which may harm our business.

We are exposed to exchange rate risks, and our net earnings and financial condition may suffer due to currency translations.

We invoice our foreign sales and service transactions in local and foreign currencies and translate net sales using actual exchange rates during the period. We translate our non-U.S. assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars using current exchange rates as of the balance sheet dates. Because a significant portion of our revenues and expenses are denominated in foreign currencies, changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies, primarily the euro, British pound, Polish zloty, Chinese renminbi, Mexican peso and Swiss franc may adversely affect our revenue, cost of goods sold and operating margins. For example, foreign currency depreciation against the U.S. dollar will reduce the value of our foreign revenues and operating earnings as well as reduce our net investment in foreign subsidiaries. Approximately 50% of net sales were generated outside of the United States for the last three fiscal years.

Most of the risk of fluctuating foreign currencies is in our EMEA segment, which comprised approximately one-third of our net sales during the last three fiscal years. The euro is the dominant currency in our EMEA operations. In the event that one or more European countries were to replace the euro with another currency, our sales into such countries, or into Europe generally, would likely be adversely affected until stable exchange rates are established.

The translation impact from currency fluctuations on net sales and operating earnings in our Americas and Asia segments are not as significant as our EMEA segment, as a substantial majority of these net sales and operating earnings are in U.S. dollars or foreign currencies that have been closely correlated to the U.S. dollar.

If foreign currencies depreciate against the U.S. dollar, it would make it more expensive for our non-U.S. subsidiaries to purchase certain of our raw material commodities that are priced globally in U.S. dollars, while the related revenue will decrease when translated to U.S. dollars. Significant movements in foreign exchange rates can have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition. We periodically engage in hedging of our foreign currency exposures, but cannot assure you that we can successfully hedge all of our foreign currency exposures or do so at a reasonable cost.

We quantify and monitor our global foreign currency exposures. Our largest foreign currency exposure is from the purchase and conversion of U.S. dollar based lead costs into local currencies in Europe. Additionally, we have currency exposures from intercompany financing and intercompany and third party trade transactions. On a selective basis, we enter into foreign currency forward contracts and purchase option contracts to reduce the impact from the volatility of currency movements; however, we cannot be certain that foreign currency fluctuations will not impact our operations in the future.


13
Table of Contents

If we are unable to effectively hedge against currency fluctuations, our operating costs and revenues in our non-U.S. operations may be adversely affected, which would have an adverse effect on our operating profit and net income.

We may experience difficulties implementing our new global enterprise resource planning system.
We are engaged in a multi-year implementation of a new global enterprise resource planning system (“ERP”). The ERP is designed to efficiently maintain our financial records and provide information important to the operation of our business to our management team. The ERP will continue to require significant investment of human and financial resources. In implementing the ERP, we may experience significant delays, increased costs and other difficulties. Any significant disruption or deficiency in the design and implementation of the ERP could adversely affect our ability to process orders, ship product, send invoices and track payments, fulfill contractual obligations or otherwise operate our business. While we have invested significant resources in planning, project management and training, additional and significant implementation issues may arise. In addition, our efforts to centralize various business processes and functions within our organization in connection with our ERP implementation may disrupt our operations and negatively impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The failure to successfully implement efficiency and cost reduction initiatives, including restructuring activities, could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations, and we may not realize some or all of the anticipated benefits of those initiatives.

From time to time we have implemented efficiency and cost reduction initiatives intended to improve our profitability and to respond to changes impacting our business and industry. These initiatives include relocating manufacturing to lower cost regions, working with our material suppliers to lower costs, product design and manufacturing improvements, personnel reductions and voluntary retirement programs, and strategically planning capital expenditures and development activities. In the past we have recorded net restructuring charges to cover costs associated with our cost reduction initiatives involving restructuring. These costs have been primarily composed of employee separation costs, including severance payments, and asset impairments or losses from disposal. We also undertake restructuring activities and programs to improve our cost structure in connection with our business acquisitions, which can result in significant charges, including charges for severance payments to terminated employees and asset impairment charges.

We cannot assure you that our efficiency and cost reduction initiatives will be successfully or timely implemented, or that they will materially and positively impact our profitability. Because our initiatives involve changes to many aspects of our business, the associated cost reductions could adversely impact productivity and sales to an extent we have not anticipated. In addition, our ability to complete our efficiency and cost-savings initiatives and achieve the anticipated benefits within the expected time frame is subject to estimates and assumptions and may vary materially from our expectations, including as a result of factors that are beyond our control. Furthermore, our efforts to improve the efficiencies of our business operations and improve growth may not be successful. Even if we fully execute and implement these activities and they generate the anticipated cost savings, there may be other unforeseeable and unintended consequences that could materially adversely impact our profitability and business, including unintended employee attrition or harm to our competitive position. To the extent that we do not achieve the profitability enhancement or other benefits of our efficiency and cost reduction initiatives that we anticipate, our results of operations may be materially adversely effected.

Our international operations may be adversely affected by actions taken by foreign governments or other forces or events over which we may have no control.

We currently have significant manufacturing and/or distribution facilities outside of the United States, in Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, India, Italy, Malaysia, Mexico, the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia and the United Kingdom. We may face political instability, economic uncertainty, and/or difficult labor relations in our foreign operations. We also may face barriers in the form of long-standing relationships between potential customers and their existing suppliers, national policies favoring domestic manufacturers and protective regulations including exchange controls, restrictions on foreign investment or the repatriation of profits or invested capital, changes in export or import restrictions and changes in the tax system or rate of taxation in countries where we do business. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully develop and expand our international operations and sales or that we will be able to overcome the significant obstacles and risks of our international operations. This may impair our ability to compete with battery manufacturers who are based in such foreign countries or who have long established manufacturing or distribution facilities or networks in such countries.

Our failure to introduce new products and product enhancements and broad market acceptance of new technologies introduced by our competitors could adversely affect our business.

14
Table of Contents


Many new energy storage technologies have been introduced over the past several years. For certain important and growing markets, such as aerospace and defense, lithium-based battery technologies have a large and growing market share. Our ability to achieve significant and sustained penetration of key developing markets, including aerospace and defense, will depend upon our success in developing or acquiring these and other technologies, either independently, through joint ventures or through acquisitions. If we fail to develop or acquire, and manufacture and sell, products that satisfy our customers’ demands, or we fail to respond effectively to new product announcements by our competitors by quickly introducing competitive products, then market acceptance of our products could be reduced and our business could be adversely affected. We cannot assure you that our portfolio of primarily lead-acid products will remain competitive with products based on new technologies.

We may not be able to adequately protect our proprietary intellectual property and technology.

We rely on a combination of copyright, trademark, patent and trade secret laws, non-disclosure agreements and other confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to establish, protect and maintain our proprietary intellectual property and technology and other confidential information. Certain of these technologies, especially TPPL technology, are important to our business and are not protected by patents. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary intellectual property and technology and other confidential information, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property and proprietary technologies. If we are unable to protect our intellectual property and technology, we may lose any technological advantage we currently enjoy and may be required to take an impairment charge with respect to the carrying value of such intellectual property or goodwill established in connection with the acquisition thereof. In either case, our operating results and net income may be adversely affected.

Relocation of our customers’ operations could adversely affect our business.

The trend by a number of our North American and Western European customers to move manufacturing operations and expand their businesses in faster growing and low labor-cost markets may have an adverse impact on our business. As our customers in traditional manufacturing-based industries seek to move their manufacturing operations to these locations, there is a risk that these customers will source their energy storage products from competitors located in those territories and will cease or reduce the purchase of products from our manufacturing plants. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete effectively with manufacturing operations of energy storage products in those territories, whether by establishing or expanding our manufacturing operations in those lower-cost territories or acquiring existing manufacturers.

Quality problems with our products could harm our reputation and erode our competitive position.

The success of our business will depend upon the quality of our products and our relationships with customers. In the event that our products fail to meet our customers’ standards, our reputation could be harmed, which would adversely affect our marketing and sales efforts. We cannot assure you that our customers will not experience quality problems with our products.

We offer our products under a variety of brand names, the protection of which is important to our reputation for quality in the consumer marketplace.

We rely upon a combination of trademark, licensing and contractual covenants to establish and protect the brand names of our products. We have registered many of our trademarks in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries. In many market segments, our reputation is closely related to our brand names. Monitoring unauthorized use of our brand names is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent their unauthorized use, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the U.S. We cannot assure you that our brand names will not be misappropriated or utilized without our consent or that such actions will not have a material adverse effect on our reputation and on our results of operations.

We may fail to implement our plans to make acquisitions or successfully integrate them into our operations.

As part of our business strategy, we have grown, and plan to continue growing, by acquiring other product lines, technologies or facilities that complement or expand our existing business. There is significant competition for acquisition targets in the industrial battery industry. We may not be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates or negotiate attractive terms. In addition, we may have difficulty obtaining the financing necessary to complete transactions we pursue. In that regard, our credit facilities restrict the amount of additional indebtedness that we may incur to finance acquisitions and place other restrictions on our ability to make acquisitions. Exceeding any of these restrictions would require the consent of our lenders. We may be unable to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems and management personnel we acquire into our

15
Table of Contents

operations and we may not be able to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames. Our failure to execute our acquisition strategy could have a material adverse effect on our business. We cannot assure you that our acquisition strategy will be successful or that we will be able to successfully integrate acquisitions we do make.

Any acquisitions that we complete may dilute stockholder ownership interests in EnerSys, may have adverse effects on our financial condition and results of operations and may cause unanticipated liabilities.

Future acquisitions may involve the issuance of our equity securities as payment, in part or in full, for the businesses or assets acquired. Any future issuances of equity securities would dilute stockholder ownership interests. In addition, future acquisitions might not increase, and may even decrease, our earnings or earnings per share and the benefits derived by us from an acquisition might not outweigh or might not exceed the dilutive effect of the acquisition. We also may incur additional debt or suffer adverse tax and accounting consequences in connection with any future acquisitions.

The failure or security breach of critical computer systems could seriously affect our sales and operations.

We operate a number of critical computer systems throughout our business that can fail for a variety of reasons. If such a failure were to occur, we may not be able to sufficiently recover from the failure in time to avoid the loss of data or any adverse impact on certain of our operations that are dependent on such systems. This could result in lost sales and the inefficient operation of our facilities for the duration of such a failure.

In addition, our computer systems are essential for the exchange of information both within the company and in communicating with third parties. Despite our efforts to protect the integrity of our systems and network as well as sensitive, confidential or personal data or information, our facilities and systems and those of our third-party service providers may be vulnerable to security breaches, theft, misplaced or lost data, programming and/or human errors that could potentially lead to the compromising of sensitive, confidential or personal data or information, improper use of our systems, software solutions or networks, unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction of information, defective products, production downtimes and operational disruptions, which in turn could adversely affect our reputation, competitiveness, and results of operations.

The approval of the Brexit Referendum in the United Kingdom may have an adverse impact on our results of operations.

In a referendum vote held on June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union. Approximately 3% of our net sales from continuing operations in fiscal 2017 came from the U.K. At this time, we are not able to predict the impact that this vote will have on the economy in Europe, including in the U.K., or on the Great Britain Pound (the “GBP”) or other European exchange rates. Weakening of economic conditions or economic uncertainties tend to harm our business, and if such conditions emerge in the U.K. or in the rest of Europe, it may have a material adverse effect on our sales. In addition, any significant weakening of the GBP to the U.S. dollar will have an adverse impact on our European revenues due to the importance of U.K. sales.

Our ability to maintain adequate credit facilities.

Our ability to continue our ongoing business operations and fund future growth depends on our ability to maintain adequate credit facilities and to comply with the financial and other covenants in such credit facilities or to secure alternative sources of financing. However, such credit facilities or alternate financing may not be available or, if available, may not be on terms favorable to us. If we do not have adequate access to credit, we may be unable to refinance our existing borrowings and credit facilities when they mature and to fund future acquisitions, and this may reduce our flexibility in responding to changing industry conditions.

Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

As of March 31, 2017, we had $606.1 million of total consolidated debt (including capital lease obligations). This level of debt could:

•
increase our vulnerability to adverse general economic and industry conditions, including interest rate fluctuations, because a portion of our borrowings bear, and will continue to bear, interest at floating rates;
•
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to debt service payments, which would reduce the availability of our cash to fund working capital, capital expenditures or other general corporate purposes, including acquisitions;

16
Table of Contents

•
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry;
•
restrict our ability to introduce new products or new technologies or exploit business opportunities;
•
place us at a disadvantage compared with competitors that have proportionately less debt;
•
limit our ability to borrow additional funds in the future, if we need them, due to financial and restrictive covenants in our debt agreements; and
•
have a material adverse effect on us if we fail to comply with the financial and restrictive covenants in our debt agreements.

There can be no assurance that we will continue to declare cash dividends at all or in any particular amounts.

During fiscal 2017, we announced the declaration of a quarterly cash dividend of $0.175 per share of common stock for quarters ended July 3, 2016, October 2, 2016, January 1, 2017 and March 31, 2017. On May 4, 2017, we announced a fiscal 2018 first quarter cash dividend of $0.175 per share of common stock. Future payment of a regular quarterly cash dividend on our common shares will be subject to, among other things, our results of operations, cash balances and future cash requirements, financial condition, statutory requirements of Delaware law, compliance with the terms of existing and future indebtedness and credit facilities, and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant. Our dividend payments may change from time to time, and we cannot provide assurance that we will continue to declare dividends at all or in any particular amounts. A reduction in or elimination of our dividend payments could have a negative effect on our share price.

We depend on our senior management team and other key employees, and significant attrition within our management team or unsuccessful succession planning could adversely affect our business.

Our success depends in part on our ability to attract, retain and motivate senior management and other key employees. Achieving this objective may be difficult due to many factors, including fluctuations in global economic and industry conditions, competitors’ hiring practices, cost reduction activities, and the effectiveness of our compensation programs. Competition for qualified personnel can be very intense. We must continue to recruit, retain and motivate senior management and other key employees sufficient to maintain our current business and support our future projects. We are vulnerable to attrition among our current senior management team and other key employees. A loss of any such personnel, or the inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel in the future, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if we are unsuccessful in our succession planning efforts, the continuity of our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.
 
ITEM 1B.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.


17
Table of Contents

ITEM 2.
PROPERTIES

The Company’s worldwide headquarters is located in Reading, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Geographic headquarters for our Americas, EMEA and Asia segments are located in Reading, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., Zug, Switzerland and Singapore, respectively. The Company owns approximately 80% of its manufacturing facilities and distribution centers worldwide. The following sets forth the Company’s principal owned or leased facilities by business segment:

Americas: Sylmar, California; Longmont, Colorado; Tampa, Florida; Hays, Kansas; Richmond, Kentucky; Warrensburg, Missouri; Horsham, Pennsylvania; Sumter, South Carolina; Ooltewah, Tennessee and Spokane, Washington in the United States; Monterrey and Tijuana in Mexico; Buenos Aires, Argentina and Sao Paulo, in Brazil.

EMEA: Targovishte, Bulgaria; Hostomice, Czech Republic; Arras, France; Hagen and Zwickau in Germany; Bielsko-Biala, Poland; Newport and Culham in the United Kingdom; and Tunis, Tunisia.

Asia: Chongqing and Yangzhou in the PRC and Andhra Pradesh in India.

We consider our plants and facilities, whether owned or leased, to be in satisfactory condition and adequate to meet the needs of our current businesses and projected growth. Information as to material lease commitments is included in Note 9 - Leases to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of our business. See Litigation and Other Legal Matters in Note 18 - Commitments, Contingencies and Litigation to the Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

18
Table of Contents

PART II

ITEM 5.
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

The Company’s common stock has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ENS” since it began trading on July 30, 2004. Prior to that time, there had been no public market for our common stock. The following table sets forth, on a per share basis for the periods presented, the range of high, low and closing prices of the Company’s common stock.
 
Quarter Ended
 
High Price
 
Low Price
 
Closing Price
 
Dividends Declared
March 31, 2017
 
$
81.63

 
$
73.98

 
$
78.94

 
$
0.175

January 1, 2017
 
83.70

 
63.10

 
78.10

 
0.175

October 2, 2016
 
73.12

 
58.35

 
69.19

 
0.175

July 3, 2016
 
67.94

 
52.37

 
60.66

 
0.175

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2016
 
$
58.89

 
$
42.60

 
$
55.72

 
$
0.175

December 27, 2015
 
66.95

 
51.02

 
57.18

 
0.175

September 27, 2015
 
71.85

 
49.21

 
51.66

 
0.175

June 28, 2015
 
73.27

 
63.63

 
71.58

 
0.175


Holders of Record

As of May 25, 2017, there were approximately 361 record holders of common stock of the Company. Because many of these shares are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, the Company is unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these record holders.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, we did not issue any unregistered securities.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The following table summarizes the number of shares of common stock we purchased from participants in our equity incentive plans as well as repurchases of common stock authorized by the Board of Directors. As provided by the Company’s equity incentive plans, (a) vested options outstanding may be exercised through surrender to the Company of option shares or vested options outstanding under the Company’s equity incentive plans to satisfy the applicable aggregate exercise price (and any withholding tax) required to be paid upon such exercise and (b) the withholding tax requirements related to the vesting and settlement of equity awards may be satisfied by the surrender of shares of the Company’s common stock.

19
Table of Contents

Purchases of Equity Securities
 
Period
 
(a)
Total number
of shares (or
units)
purchased
 
(b)
Average price
paid per share
(or unit)
 
(c)
Total number of
shares (or units)
purchased as part of
publicly announced
plans or programs
 
(d)
Maximum number
(or approximate
dollar value) of shares
(or units) that may be
purchased under the
plans or programs(1)
January 2, 2017 - January 29, 2017
 
—

—

$
—

 
—

 
$
25,000,000

January 30, 2017 - February 26, 2017
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
25,000,000

February 27, 2017 - March 31, 2017
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
25,000,000

Total
 
—

 
$
—

 
—

 
 

(1) 
The Company's Board of Directors has authorized the Company to repurchase up to such number of shares as shall equal the dilutive effects of any equity-based award granted during such fiscal year under the Second Amended and Restated 2010 Equity Incentive Plan and the number of shares exercised through stock option awards during such fiscal year. This repurchase program was exhausted for fiscal 2017.


20
Table of Contents

STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The following graph compares the changes in cumulative total returns on EnerSys’ common stock with the changes in cumulative total returns of the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index, a broad equity market index, and the total return on a selected peer group index. The peer group selected is based on the standard industrial classification codes (“SIC Codes”) established by the U.S. government. The index chosen was “Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Suppliers” and comprises all publicly traded companies having the same three-digit SIC Code (369) as EnerSys.

The graph was prepared assuming that $100 was invested in EnerSys’ common stock, the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index and the peer group (duly updated for changes) on March 31, 2012.

ENS-10K33_CHARTX37860.JPG
*$100 invested on March 31, 2012 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.




21
Table of Contents

ITEM 6.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
 
 
Fiscal Year Ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
 
$
2,367,149

 
$
2,316,249

 
$
2,505,512

 
$
2,474,433

 
$
2,277,559

Cost of goods sold
 
1,714,367

 
1,704,472

 
1,864,601

 
1,844,813

 
1,708,203

Inventory adjustment relating to exit activities
 
2,157

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Gross profit
 
650,625

 
611,777

 
640,911

 
629,620

 
569,356

Operating expenses
 
369,863

 
352,767

 
358,381

 
344,421

 
312,324

Restructuring and other exit charges
 
7,160

 
12,978

 
11,436

 
27,326

 
7,164

Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets
 
14,016

 
36,252

 
23,946

 
5,179

 
—

Legal proceedings charge / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees)
 
23,725

 
3,201

 
(16,233
)
 
58,184

 
—

Gain on sale of facility
 
—

 
(3,420
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Operating earnings
 
235,861

 
209,999

 
263,381

 
194,510

 
249,868

Interest expense
 
22,197

 
22,343

 
19,644

 
17,105

 
18,719

Other (income) expense, net
 
969

 
5,719

 
(5,602
)
 
13,658

 
916

Earnings before income taxes
 
212,695

 
181,937

 
249,339

 
163,747

 
230,233

Income tax expense
 
54,472

 
50,113

 
67,814

 
16,980

 
65,275

Net earnings
 
158,223

 
131,824

 
181,525

 
146,767

 
164,958

Net (losses) earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(1,991
)
 
(4,326
)
 
337

 
(3,561
)
 
(1,550
)
Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
160,214

 
$
136,150

 
$
181,188

 
$
150,328

 
$
166,508

Net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
3.69

 
$
3.08

 
$
3.97

 
$
3.17

 
$
3.47

Diluted
 
$
3.64

 
$
2.99

 
$
3.77

 
$
3.02

 
$
3.42

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
43,389,333

 
44,276,713

 
45,606,317

 
47,473,690

 
48,022,005

Diluted
 
44,012,543

 
45,474,130

 
48,052,729

 
49,788,155

 
48,635,449

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year Ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
(In thousands)
Consolidated cash flow data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
246,030

 
$
307,571

 
$
194,471

 
$
193,621

 
$
244,400

Net cash used in investing activities
 
(61,833
)
 
(80,923
)
 
(59,616
)
 
(232,005
)
 
(55,092
)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
 
(62,542
)
 
(105,729
)
 
(59,313
)
 
21,562

 
(95,962
)
Other operating data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
 
50,072

 
55,880

 
63,625

 
61,995

 
55,286

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
(In thousands)
Consolidated balance sheet data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
500,329

 
$
397,307

 
$
268,921

 
$
240,103

 
$
249,348

Working capital
 
951,484

 
845,068

 
769,881

 
719,297

 
685,403

Total assets
 
2,293,029

 
2,214,488

 
2,136,555

 
2,318,959

 
1,984,512

Total debt, including capital leases, excluding discount on the Convertible Notes (1)
 
606,133

 
628,631

 
513,213

 
319,401

 
175,134

Total EnerSys stockholders’ equity
 
1,103,456

 
1,013,131

 
1,038,900

 
1,246,402

 
1,169,401

(1) Convertible Notes as defined under Liquidity and Capital Resources in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

22
Table of Contents

ITEM 7.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations and financial condition for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, such as our plans, objectives, opinions, expectations, anticipations and intentions and beliefs. Actual results and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated in those forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Business” and “Risk Factors,” sections elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the following discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial condition, certain financial measures may be considered “non-GAAP financial measures” under the SEC rules. These rules require supplemental explanation and reconciliation, which is provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

EnerSys’ management uses the non-GAAP measures, EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA, in its computation of compliance with loan covenants. These measures, as used by EnerSys, adjust net earnings determined in accordance with GAAP for interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and certain charges or credits as permitted by our credit agreements, that were recorded during the periods presented.

EnerSys’ management uses the non-GAAP measures,"primary working capital" and "primary working capital percentage" (see definition in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below) along with capital expenditures, in its evaluation of business segment cash flow and financial position performance.

These non-GAAP disclosures have limitations as analytical tools, should not be viewed as a substitute for cash flow or operating earnings determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company’s results as reported under GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies. This supplemental presentation should not be construed as an inference that the Company’s future results will be unaffected by similar adjustments to operating earnings determined in accordance with GAAP.

Overview

EnerSys (the “Company,” “we,” or “us”) is the world’s largest manufacturer, marketer and distributor of industrial batteries. We also manufacture, market and distribute products such as battery chargers, power equipment, battery accessories, and outdoor cabinet enclosures. Additionally, we provide related aftermarket and customer-support services for our products. We market our products globally to over 10,000 customers in more than 100 countries through a network of distributors, independent representatives and our internal sales force.

We operate and manage our business in three geographic regions of the world—Americas, EMEA and Asia, as described below. Our business is highly decentralized with manufacturing locations throughout the world. More than half of our manufacturing capacity is located outside the United States, and approximately 50% of our net sales were generated outside the United States. The Company has three reportable business segments based on geographic regions, defined as follows:

•
Americas, which includes North and South America, with our segment headquarters in Reading, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.;
•
EMEA, which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa, with our segment headquarters in Zug, Switzerland; and
•
Asia, which includes Asia, Australia and Oceania, with our segment headquarters in Singapore.

We evaluate business segment performance based primarily upon operating earnings exclusive of highlighted items. Highlighted items are those that the Company deems are not indicative of ongoing operating results, including those charges that the Company incurs as a result of restructuring activities and those charges and credits that are not directly related to ongoing business segment performance. All corporate and centrally incurred costs are allocated to the business segments based principally on net sales. We evaluate business segment cash flow and financial position performance based primarily upon capital expenditures and primary working capital levels (see definition of primary working capital in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below). Although we monitor the three elements of primary working capital (receivables, inventory and payables), our primary focus is on the total amount due to the significant impact it has on our cash flow.


23
Table of Contents

Our management structure, financial reporting systems, and associated internal controls and procedures, are all consistent with our three geographic business segments. We report on a March 31 fiscal year-end. Our financial results are largely driven by the following factors:

•
global economic conditions and general cyclical patterns of the industries in which our customers operate;
•
changes in our selling prices and, in periods when our product costs increase, our ability to raise our selling prices to pass such cost increases through to our customers;
•
the extent to which we are able to efficiently utilize our global manufacturing facilities and optimize our capacity;
•
the extent to which we can control our fixed and variable costs, including those for our raw materials, manufacturing, distribution and operating activities;
•
changes in our level of debt and changes in the variable interest rates under our credit facilities; and
•
the size and number of acquisitions and our ability to achieve their intended benefits.

We have two primary product lines: reserve power and motive power products. Net sales classifications by product line are as follows:

•
Reserve power products are used for backup power for the continuous operation of critical applications in telecommunications systems, uninterruptible power systems, or “UPS” applications for computer and computer-controlled systems, and other specialty power applications, including medical and security systems, premium starting, lighting and ignition applications, in switchgear, electrical control systems used in electric utilities, large-scale energy storage, energy pipelines, in commercial aircraft, satellites, military aircraft, submarines, ships and tactical vehicles. Reserve power products also include thermally managed cabinets and enclosures for electronic equipment and batteries.

•
Motive power products are used to provide power for electric industrial forklifts used in manufacturing, warehousing and other material handling applications as well as mining equipment, diesel locomotive starting and other rail equipment.

Current Market Conditions

Economic Climate

Recent indicators continue to suggest a mixed trend in economic activity among the different geographical regions. North America and EMEA are experiencing limited economic growth. Our Asia region continues to grow faster than any other region in which we do business, but at a slower pace than a few years ago.

Volatility of Commodities and Foreign Currencies

Our most significant commodity and foreign currency exposures are related to lead and the euro, respectively. Historically, volatility of commodity costs and foreign currency exchange rates have caused large swings in our production costs. As the global economic climate changes, we anticipate that our commodity costs and foreign currency exposures may continue to fluctuate as they have in the past several years. Over the past year, on a consolidated basis, we have experienced rising commodity costs. In addition, we have experienced unfavorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates.

Customer Pricing

Our selling prices fluctuated during the past year to offset the rising cost of commodities. Approximately 30% of our revenue is currently subject to agreements that adjust pricing to a market-based index for lead. During fiscal 2017, our selling prices increased slightly, compared to the prior year. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We believe that our financial position is strong, and we have substantial liquidity with $500 million of available cash and cash equivalents and available and undrawn credit lines of approximately $476 million at March 31, 2017 to cover short-term liquidity requirements and anticipated growth in the foreseeable future. Our $500 million senior secured revolving credit facility and $150 million senior secured incremental term loan (the “Term Loan”), comprising the “2011 Credit Facility” is committed through September 2018 as long as we continue to comply with its covenants and conditions.

Current market conditions related to our liquidity and capital resources are favorable. We believe current conditions remain favorable for the Company to have continued positive cash flow from operations that, along with available cash and cash

24

equivalents and our undrawn lines of credit, will be sufficient to fund our capital expenditures, acquisitions and other investments for growth.

In fiscal 2016, we issued $300 million of 5.00% Senior Notes due 2023 (the “Notes”), with the net proceeds used primarily to fund the payment of principal and accreted interest outstanding on the senior 3.375% convertible notes due 2038 (the “Convertible Notes”) that were settled in fiscal 2016. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

Subsequent to the extinguishment of the Convertible Notes, other than the Notes and the 2011 Credit Facility, we have no other significant amount of long-term debt maturing in the near future.

In fiscal 2016, we repurchased $178 million of treasury stock through open market purchases and through an accelerated share repurchase program with a major financial institution. Share repurchases had a modest positive impact on earnings per diluted share. There were no repurchases of treasury stock in fiscal 2017.

A substantial majority of the Company’s cash and investments are held by foreign subsidiaries and are considered to be indefinitely reinvested and expected to be utilized to fund local operating activities, capital expenditure requirements and acquisitions. The Company believes that it has sufficient sources of domestic and foreign liquidity.

Cost Savings Initiatives

Cost savings programs remain a continuous element of our business strategy and are directed primarily at further reductions in plant manufacturing (labor and overhead), raw material costs and our operating expenses (primarily selling, general and administrative). In order to realize cost savings benefits for a majority of these initiatives, costs are incurred either in the form of capital expenditures, funding the cash obligations of previously recorded restructuring expenses or current period expenses.

During fiscal 2013, we announced further restructuring related to improving the efficiency of our manufacturing operations in EMEA, primarily consisting of cash expenses for employee severance-related payments and non-cash expenses associated with the write-off of certain fixed assets and inventory. These actions were substantially completed in fiscal 2015 and resulted in the reduction of approximately 140 employees. Our fiscal 2015 operating results reflected the full benefit of the estimated $7.0 million of favorable annualized pre-tax earnings impact of the fiscal 2013 programs.

During fiscal 2014, we announced additional restructuring programs to improve the efficiency of our manufacturing, sales and engineering operations in EMEA including the restructuring of its manufacturing operations in Bulgaria. The restructuring of the Bulgaria operations, which was announced during the third quarter of fiscal 2014, transferred motive power and a portion of reserve power battery manufacturing to our facilities in Western Europe. These actions resulted in the reduction of approximately 500 employees upon completion during fiscal 2016. Our fiscal 2015 operating results reflected substantially all of the approximately $19.0 million of expected favorable annualized pre-tax earnings impact of the fiscal 2014 programs.

During fiscal 2016 we announced restructuring programs related to improving operational efficiencies in EMEA and the Americas. These actions were completed in fiscal 2017 resulted in the reduction of approximately 240 employees and the closure of our Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A., manufacturing facility. Approximately $3.0 million pre-tax savings have been reflected in the fiscal 2016 results, and an additional pre-tax savings of approximately $6.0 million have been reflected in the fiscal 2017 results.

We recently initiated an operational excellence program, referred to as EnerSys Operating System or EOS, to increase the focus on cost saving programs, as well as to improve targeted business processes, using lean tools and techniques. We began this effort in January 2017 and will gradually roll out the tools and techniques globally over a period of years. EOS is a major initiative towards our efforts to improve our operating margins by a minimum of 200 basis points by the end of fiscal 2021.




25

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our significant accounting policies are described in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8. In preparing our financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that, among other things, affect the reported amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions are most significant where they involve levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters or matters susceptible to change, and where they can have a material impact on our financial condition and operating performance. We discuss below the more significant estimates and related assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. If actual results were to differ materially from the estimates made, the reported results could be materially affected.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when the earnings process is complete. This occurs when risk and title transfers, collectibility is reasonably assured and pricing is fixed or determinable. Shipment terms to our battery product customers are either shipping point or destination and do not differ significantly between our business segments. Accordingly, revenue is recognized when risk and title is transferred to the customer. Amounts invoiced to customers for shipping and handling are classified as revenue. Taxes on revenue producing transactions are not included in net sales.

We recognize revenue from the service of reserve power and motive power products when the respective services are performed.

Management believes that the accounting estimates related to revenue recognition are critical accounting estimates because they require reasonable assurance of collection of revenue proceeds and completion of all performance obligations. Also, revenues are recorded net of provisions for sales discounts and returns, which are established at the time of sale. These estimates are based on our past experience.

Asset Impairment Determinations

We test for the impairment of our goodwill and indefinite-lived trademarks at least annually and whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that a possible impairment has been incurred.

We perform our annual goodwill impairment test on the first day of our fourth quarter for each of our reporting units based on the income approach, also known as the discounted cash flow (“DCF”) method, which utilizes the present value of future cash flows to estimate fair value. We also use the market approach, which utilizes market price data of companies engaged in the same or a similar line of business as that of our company, to estimate fair value. A reconciliation of the two methods is performed to assess the reasonableness of fair value of each of the reporting units.

The future cash flows used under the DCF method are derived from estimates of future revenues, operating income, working capital requirements and capital expenditures, which in turn reflect specific global, industry and market conditions. The discount rate developed for each of the reporting units is based on data and factors relevant to the economies in which the business operates and other risks associated with those cash flows, including the potential variability in the amount and timing of the cash flows. A terminal growth rate is applied to the final year of the projected period and reflects our estimate of stable growth to perpetuity. We then calculate the present value of the respective cash flows for each reporting unit to arrive at the fair value using the income approach and then determine the appropriate weighting between the fair value estimated using the income approach and the fair value estimated using the market approach. Finally, we compare the estimated fair value of each reporting unit to its respective carrying value in order to determine if the goodwill assigned to each reporting unit is potentially impaired. In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment”, which eliminated Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

This update is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. Consistent with our accounting policy of carrying out the annual goodwill impairment test on the first day of the fourth quarter of a fiscal year, we conducted the annual test on January 2, 2017 and were able to early adopt ASU 2017-04. For more details, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

26


Significant assumptions used include management’s estimates of future growth rates, the amount and timing of future operating cash flows, capital expenditures, discount rates as well as market and industry conditions and relevant comparable company multiples for the market approach. Assumptions utilized are highly judgmental, especially given the role technology plays in driving the demand for products in the telecommunications and aerospace markets.

The indefinite-lived trademarks are tested for impairment by comparing the carrying value to the fair value based on current revenue projections of the related operations, under the relief from royalty method. Any excess carrying value over the amount of fair value is recognized as impairment. Any impairment would be recognized in full in the reporting period in which it has been identified.

With respect to our other long-lived assets other than goodwill and indefinite-lived trademarks, we test for impairment when indicators of impairment are present. An asset is considered impaired when the undiscounted estimated net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset are less than its carrying amount. The impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the impaired asset.

Our annual goodwill impairment test, which we performed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, resulted in an impairment charge for goodwill and trademarks of $9.3 million and $4.7 million, in our Purcell US and Purcell EMEA reporting units, respectively, as discussed in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The aggregate remaining carrying value as of March 31, 2017, of goodwill and other intangibles of Purcell US and Purcell EMEA, were $25.7 million and $19.3 million, respectively. The excess of fair value over carrying value for each of our other reporting units as of January 2, 2017, the annual testing date, ranged from approximately 30% to approximately 145% of carrying value.

In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the fair value calculations on the goodwill impairment test, we applied a hypothetical 10% decrease to the fair values of each reporting unit. Excluding the Purcell US and Purcell EMEA reporting units, this hypothetical 10% decrease would result in excess fair values over carrying values range from approximately 17% to approximately 120% of the carrying values. A 10% decrease in the fair value of the Purcell US and Purcell EMEA reporting units would result in additional impairment charges of $2.4 million and $3.1 million, respectively. We will continue to evaluate goodwill on an annual basis as of the beginning of our fourth fiscal quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as significant adverse changes in business climate or operating results, changes in management's business strategy or loss of a major customer, indicate that there may be a potential indicator of impairment.

Litigation and Claims

From time to time, the Company has been or may be a party to various legal actions and investigations including, among others, employment matters, compliance with government regulations, federal and state employment laws, including wage and hour laws, contractual disputes and other matters, including matters arising in the ordinary course of business. These claims may be brought by, among others, governments, customers, suppliers and employees. Management considers the measurement of litigation reserves as a critical accounting estimate because of the significant uncertainty in some cases relating to the outcome of potential claims or litigation and the difficulty of predicting the likelihood and range of potential liability involved, coupled with the material impact on our results of operations that could result from litigation or other claims.

In determining legal reserves, management considers, among other inputs:

•
interpretation of contractual rights and obligations;
•
the status of government regulatory initiatives, interpretations and investigations;
•
the status of settlement negotiations;
•
prior experience with similar types of claims;
•
whether there is available insurance coverage; and
•
advice of outside counsel.

For certain matters, management is able to estimate a range of losses. When a loss is probable, but no amount of loss within a range of outcomes is more likely than other any other outcome, management will record a liability based on the low end of the estimated range. Additionally, management will evaluate whether losses in excess of amounts accrued are reasonably possible, and will make disclosure of those matters based on an assessment of the materiality of those addition possible losses.

Environmental Loss Contingencies


27

Accruals for environmental loss contingencies (i.e., environmental reserves) are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can reasonably be estimated. Management views the measurement of environmental reserves as a critical accounting estimate because of the considerable uncertainty surrounding estimation, including the need to forecast well into the future. From time to time, we may be involved in legal proceedings under federal, state and local, as well as international environmental laws in connection with our operations and companies that we have acquired. The estimation of environmental reserves is based on the evaluation of currently available information, prior experience in the remediation of contaminated sites and assumptions with respect to government regulations and enforcement activity, changes in remediation technology and practices, and financial obligations and creditworthiness of other responsible parties and insurers.

Warranty

We record a warranty reserve for possible claims against our product warranties, which generally run for a period ranging from one to twenty years for our reserve power batteries and for a period ranging from one to seven years for our motive power batteries. The assessment of the adequacy of the reserve includes a review of open claims and historical experience.

Management believes that the accounting estimate related to the warranty reserve is a critical accounting estimate because the underlying assumptions used for the reserve can change from time to time and warranty claims could potentially have a material impact on our results of operations.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We encounter risks associated with sales and the collection of the associated accounts receivable. We record a provision for accounts receivable that are considered to be uncollectible. In order to calculate the appropriate provision, management analyzes the creditworthiness of specific customers and the aging of customer balances. Management also considers general and specific industry economic conditions, industry concentration and contractual rights and obligations.

Management believes that the accounting estimate related to the allowance for doubtful accounts is a critical accounting estimate because the underlying assumptions used for the allowance can change from time to time and uncollectible accounts could potentially have a material impact on our results of operations.

Retirement Plans

We use certain economic and demographic assumptions in the calculation of the actuarial valuation of liabilities associated with our defined benefit plans. These assumptions include the discount rate, expected long-term rates of return on assets and rates of increase in compensation levels. Changes in these assumptions can result in changes to the pension expense and recorded liabilities. Management reviews these assumptions at least annually. We use independent actuaries to assist us in formulating assumptions and making estimates. These assumptions are updated periodically to reflect the actual experience and expectations on a plan-specific basis, as appropriate. During fiscal 2016, we revised our mortality assumptions to incorporate the new set of improvement tables issued by the Society of Actuaries for purposes of measuring U.S. pension and other post-retirement obligations at year-end.

For benefit plans which are funded, we establish strategic asset allocation percentage targets and appropriate benchmarks for significant asset classes with the aim of achieving a prudent balance between return and risk. We set the expected long-term rate of return based on the expected long-term average rates of return to be achieved by the underlying investment portfolios. In establishing this rate, we consider historical and expected returns for the asset classes in which the plans are invested, advice from pension consultants and investment advisors, and current economic and capital market conditions. The expected return on plan assets is incorporated into the computation of pension expense. The difference between this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is deferred and will affect future net periodic pension costs through subsequent amortization.

We believe that the current assumptions used to estimate plan obligations and annual expense are appropriate in the current economic environment. However, if economic conditions change materially, we may change our assumptions, and the resulting change could have a material impact on the Consolidated Statements of Income and on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Equity-Based Compensation

We recognize compensation cost relating to equity-based payment transactions by using a fair-value measurement method whereby all equity-based payments to employees, including grants of restricted stock units, stock options and market condition-based awards are recognized as compensation expense based on fair value at grant date over the requisite service period of the

28

awards. We determine the fair value of restricted stock units based on the quoted market price of our common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which uses both historical and current market data to estimate the fair value. The fair value of market condition-based awards is estimated at the date of grant using a binomial lattice model or Monte Carlo Simulation. All models incorporate various assumptions such as the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected dividend yield and expected life of the awards. When estimating the requisite service period of the awards, we consider many related factors including types of awards, employee class, and historical experience. Actual results, and future changes in estimates of the requisite service period may differ substantially from our current estimates.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate is based on pretax income and statutory tax rates available in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. We account for income taxes in accordance with applicable guidance on accounting for income taxes, which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between book and tax bases on recorded assets and liabilities. Accounting guidance also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance, when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.

The recognition and measurement of a tax position is based on management’s best judgment given the facts, circumstances and information available at the reporting date. We evaluate tax positions to determine whether the benefits of tax positions are more likely than not of being sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. For tax positions that are more likely than not of being sustained upon audit, we recognize the largest amount of the benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement in the financial statements. For tax positions that are not more likely than not of being sustained upon audit, we do not recognize any portion of the benefit in the financial statements. If the more likely than not threshold is not met in the period for which a tax position is taken, we may subsequently recognize the benefit of that tax position if the tax matter is effectively settled, the statute of limitations expires, or if the more likely than not threshold is met in a subsequent period.

We evaluate, on a quarterly basis, our ability to realize deferred tax assets by assessing our valuation allowance and by adjusting the amount of such allowance, if necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are our forecast of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets.
To the extent we prevail in matters for which reserves have been established, or are required to pay amounts in excess of our reserves, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period could be materially affected.


29

Results of Operations—Fiscal 2017 Compared to Fiscal 2016

The following table presents summary Consolidated Statement of Income data for fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, compared to fiscal year ended March 31, 2016:
 
 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
    Millions    
 
%
Net sales
 
$
2,367.1

 
100.0
 %
 
$
2,316.2

 
100.0
 %
 
$
50.9

 
2.2
 %
Cost of goods sold
 
1,714.4

 
72.4

 
1,704.5

 
73.6

 
9.9

 
0.6

Inventory adjustment relating to exit activities - See Note 19
 
2.1

 
0.1

 
—

 
—

 
2.1

 
NM

Gross profit
 
650.6

 
27.5

 
611.7

 
26.4

 
38.9

 
6.4

Operating expenses
 
369.9

 
15.6

 
352.7

 
15.2

 
17.2

 
4.8

Restructuring and other exit charges
 
7.1

 
0.3

 
12.9

 
0.5

 
(5.8
)
 
(44.8
)
Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets
 
14.0

 
0.6

 
36.3

 
1.6

 
(22.3
)
 
(61.3
)
Legal proceedings charge
 
23.7

 
1.0

 
3.2

 
0.1

 
20.5

 
NM

Gain on sale of facility
 
—

 
—

 
(3.4
)
 
(0.1
)
 
3.4

 
NM

Operating earnings
 
235.9

 
10.0

 
210.0

 
9.1

 
25.9

 
12.3

Interest expense
 
22.2

 
1.0

 
22.3

 
1.0

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.7
)
Other (income) expense, net
 
1.0

 
—

 
5.7

 
0.2

 
(4.7
)
 
(83.1
)
Earnings before income taxes
 
212.7

 
9.0

 
182.0

 
7.9

 
30.7

 
16.9

Income tax expense
 
54.5

 
2.3

 
50.1

 
2.2

 
4.4

 
8.7

Net earnings
 
158.2

 
6.7

 
131.9

 
5.7

 
26.3

 
20.0

Net losses attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(2.0
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(4.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
2.3

 
(54.0
)
Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
160.2

 
6.8
 %
 
$
136.2

 
5.9
 %
 
$
24.0

 
17.7
 %
 NM = not meaningful

Overview

Our sales in fiscal 2017 were $2.4 billion, a 2% increase from prior year's sales. This increase was the result of a 2% increase in organic volume and a 1% increase each from pricing and acquisitions, partially offset by a 2% decrease due to foreign currency translation impact.

Gross profit margin percentage in fiscal 2017 increased by 110 basis points to 27.5% compared to fiscal 2016, mainly due to favorable product mix combined with the benefits of restructuring programs in EMEA, along with a modest growth in organic volume and a decrease in warranty costs.

A discussion of specific fiscal 2017 versus fiscal 2016 operating results follows, including an analysis and discussion of the results of our reportable segments.


30

Net Sales

Net sales by reportable segment were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
% Net
Sales
 
In
Millions
 
% Net
Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%    
Americas
 
$
1,332.3

 
56.3
%
 
$
1,276.0

 
55.1
%
 
$
56.3

 
4.4
 %
EMEA
 
763.1

 
32.2

 
787.4

 
34.0

 
(24.3
)
 
(3.1
)
Asia
 
271.7

 
11.5

 
252.8

 
10.9

 
18.9

 
7.5

Total net sales
 
$
2,367.1

 
100.0
%
 
$
2,316.2

 
100.0
%
 
$
50.9

 
2.2
 %

The Americas segment’s revenue increased by $56.3 million or 4.4% in fiscal 2017, as compared to fiscal 2016, primarily due a 4% increase in organic volume and a 1% increase in acquisitions, partially offset by a 1% decrease in currency translation impact.

The EMEA segment’s revenue decreased by $24.3 million or 3.1% in fiscal 2017, as compared to fiscal 2016, primarily due to a 4% decrease in currency translation impact, partially offset by a 1% increase in organic volume.

The Asia segment’s revenue increased by $18.9 million or 7.5% in fiscal 2017, as compared to fiscal 2016, primarily due to an increase from acquisitions, pricing and organic volume of approximately 6%, 2% and 2%, respectively, partially offset by a 2% decrease in currency translation impact.

Net sales by product line were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Reserve power
 
$
1,142.2

 
48.3
%
 
$
1,109.2

 
47.9
%
 
$
33.0

 
3.0
%
Motive power
 
1,224.9

 
51.7

 
1,207.0

 
52.1

 
17.9

 
1.5

Total net sales
 
$
2,367.1

 
100.0
%
 
$
2,316.2

 
100.0
%
 
$
50.9

 
2.2
%

Sales in our reserve power product line increased in fiscal 2017 by $33.0 million or 3% compared to the prior year primarily due to an increase from acquisitions and organic volume of approximately 3% and 2%, respectively, partially offset by a 2% decrease in currency translation impact.

Sales in our motive power product line increased in fiscal 2017 by $17.9 million or 1.5% compared to the prior year primarily due to an increase from organic volume and pricing of approximately 2% and 1%, respectively, partially offset by a 2% decrease in currency translation impact.

Gross Profit

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Gross profit
 
$
650.6

 
27.5
%
 
$
611.7

 
26.4
%
 
$
38.9

 
6.4
%

Gross profit increased $38.9 million or 6.4% in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. Gross profit, excluding the effect of foreign currency translation, increased $45.4 million or 7.4% in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. The 110 basis point improvement in the gross profit margin is primarily due to favorable product mix combined with the benefits of restructuring programs in EMEA, along with a modest growth in organic volume and a decrease in warranty costs.

31


Operating Items
 
 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Operating expenses
 
$
369.9

 
15.6
%
 
$
352.7

 
15.2
 %
 
$
17.2

 
4.8
 %
Restructuring and other exit charges
 
7.1

 
0.3

 
12.9

 
0.5

 
(5.8
)
 
(44.8
)
Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets
 
14.0

 
0.6

 
36.3

 
1.6

 
(22.3
)
 
(61.3
)
Legal proceedings charge
 
23.7

 
1.0

 
3.2

 
0.1

 
20.5

 
NM

Gain on sale of facility
 
—

 
—

 
(3.4
)
 
(0.1
)
 
3.4

 
NM

NM = not meaningful

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses increased $17.2 million or 4.8% in fiscal 2017 from fiscal 2016. Operating expenses, excluding the effect of foreign currency translation, increased $22.2 million or 6.4% in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. The operating expenses in fiscal 2017 included a receipt of $1.9 million of deferred purchase consideration relating to an acquisition made in fiscal 2014. The increase in operating expenses as a percentage of sales of 40 basis points in fiscal 2017 is primarily due to payroll related expenses, acquisitions and professional fees, partially offset by the aforementioned receipt of deferred purchase consideration. In fiscal 2017, we also recorded a charge of $9.4 million in operating expenses, related to the ERP system implementation in our Americas region, including a $6.3 million write-off of previously capitalized costs during the first quarter of fiscal 2017. We determined that previously capitalized costs associated with the implementation should be written off, after reassessing our software design subsequent to encountering difficulty in the roll out at our pilot location. These costs were previously included in the construction in progress balance within property, plant and equipment, net, in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Restructuring and other exit charges

Included in our fiscal 2017 operating results is a $7.1 million charge consisting of restructuring and other exit charges, comprising primarily of $5.5 million in EMEA, $0.9 million in Americas and $0.7 million in Asia. Of the restructuring and exit charges in EMEA of $5.5 million, $4.3 million of restructuring charges related primarily to European manufacturing operations and $1.2 million of exit charges related to our joint venture in South Africa. In addition, cost of goods sold also includes a $2.1 million inventory adjustment charge relating to the South Africa joint venture.

South Africa exit activities

During fiscal 2017, the Company recorded exit charges of $3.3 million related to the South Africa joint venture, consisting of cash charges of $2.6 million primarily relating to severance and non-cash charges of $0.7 million. Included in the non-cash charges is a $2.1 million charge relating to the inventory adjustment which is reported in cost of goods sold, partially offset by a credit of $1.1 million relating to a change in estimate of contract losses and a $0.3 million gain on deconsolidation of the joint venture. Weakening of the general economic environment in South Africa, reflecting the limited growth in the mining industry, affected the joint venture’s ability to compete effectively in the marketplace and consequently, the Company initiated an exit plan in consultation with its joint venture partner in the second quarter of fiscal 2017. The joint venture is currently under liquidation resulting in a loss of control and deconsolidation of the joint venture. The impact of the deconsolidation has been reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Included in fiscal 2016 operating results are restructuring and other exit charges in EMEA of $9.4 million and restructuring charges of $2.1 million and $1.4 million in Americas and Asia, respectively.

Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, we conducted step one of the annual goodwill impairment test which indicated that the fair values of two of our reporting units - Purcell US in the Americas and Purcell EMEA in the EMEA operating segment, were less than their respective carrying values. Based on the guidance in ASU 2017-04, which we early adopted, we recognized an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeded the reporting unit’s fair value.

32

We recorded a non-cash charge of $8.6 million and $3.6 million, related to goodwill impairment in the Americas and EMEA operating segments, respectively, and $0.7 million and $1.1 million, related to impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks in the Americas and EMEA operating segments, respectively, for an aggregate charge of $14.0 million, under the caption “Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets” in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Purcell was acquired in fiscal 2014 during the height of the 4G telecom build-out. After performing to expectation for the first few quarters, its revenue slumped as telecom spending in the U.S. curtailed sharply. In both fiscal 2015 and 2016, lower estimated projected revenue and profitability in the near term caused by reduced levels of capital spending by major customers in the telecommunications industry was a key factor contributing to the impairment charges recorded in those years. In fiscal 2017, we transferred the European operations of Purcell to its EMEA operating segment, consistent with our geographical management approach. In the U.S., Purcell recently received significant orders, but at lower margins than recent years, resulting in an impairment in 2017. In Europe, Purcell's sales forecasts were reduced as a result of low telecom spending and accordingly recorded an impairment charge as well.

Legal proceedings charge / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees)

Certain of our European subsidiaries have received subpoenas and requests for documents and, in some cases, interviews from, and have had on-site inspections conducted by the competition authorities of Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands relating to conduct and anticompetitive practices of certain industrial battery participants. We are responding to inquiries related to these matters. We settled the Belgian regulatory proceeding in February 2016 by acknowledging certain anticompetitive practices and conduct and agreeing to pay a fine of $2.0 million, which was paid in March 2016. As of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, we had a reserve balance of $1.8 million and $2.0 million, respectively, relating to the Belgian regulatory proceeding. The change in the reserve balance between March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 was solely due to foreign currency translation impact. As of January 1, 2017, we had estimated an aggregate range of possible loss associated with the German regulatory proceeding of $17.0 million to $26.0 million and reserved $17.0 million with respect to the German regulatory proceeding. Based on the continued evolution of facts and our interactions with the German competition authority in regard to this matter, we further refined our estimate for a portion of this proceeding to be $13.5 million as of March 31, 2017. We do not believe that an estimate can be made at this time given the current stage of the remaining portion of this proceeding. For the Dutch regulatory proceeding, we reserved $10.3 million as of March 31, 2017. As of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, we had a total reserve balance of $25.6 million and $2.0 million, respectively, in connection with these remaining investigations and other related legal matters, included in Accrued Expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The foregoing estimate of losses is based upon currently available information for these proceedings. However, the precise scope, timing and time period at issue, as well as the final outcome of the investigations or customer claims, remain uncertain. Accordingly, the Company’s estimate may change from time to time, and actual losses could vary.

Included in our fiscal 2016 results is the reversal of a $0.8 million legal accrual in Americas, relating to legal fees, subsequent to the final settlement of the Altergy matter.


33

Operating Earnings

Operating earnings by segment were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales(1)
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales(1)
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Americas
 
$
191.5

 
14.4
 %
 
$
182.7

 
14.3
 %
 
$
8.8

 
4.8
 %
EMEA
 
76.2

 
10.0

 
75.6

 
9.6

 
0.6

 
1.0

Asia
 
15.1

 
5.5

 
0.7

 
0.2

 
14.4

 
NM

Subtotal
 
282.8

 
12.0

 
259.0

 
11.2

 
23.8

 
9.2

Restructuring charges - Americas
 
(0.9
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(2.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
1.2

 
(56.7
)
Inventory adjustment relating to exit activities - EMEA
 
(2.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
—

 
—

 
(2.1
)
 
NM

Restructuring and other exit charges - EMEA
 
(5.5
)
 
(0.7
)
 
(9.4
)
 
(1.2
)
 
3.9

 
(42.2
)
Restructuring charges - Asia
 
(0.7
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(0.6
)
 
0.7

 
(45.0
)
Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles - Americas
 
(9.3
)
 
(0.7
)
 
(33.0
)
 
(2.6
)
 
23.7

 
(71.7
)
Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets - EMEA
 
(4.7
)
 
(0.6
)
 
(3.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(1.4
)
 
43.6

Reversal of legal accrual, net of fees - Americas
 
—

 
—

 
0.8

 
0.1

 
(0.8
)
 
NM

Legal proceedings charge - EMEA
 
(23.7
)
 
(3.1
)
 
(4.0
)
 
(0.5
)
 
(19.7
)
 
NM

Gain on sale of facility - Asia
 
—

 
—

 
3.4

 
1.4

 
(3.4
)
 
NM

Total
 
$
235.9

 
10.0
 %
 
$
210.0

 
9.1
 %
 
$
25.9

 
12.3
 %
  NM = not meaningful
(1)
The percentages shown for the segments are computed as a percentage of the applicable segment’s net sales.

Fiscal 2017 operating earnings of $235.9 million were $25.9 million higher than in fiscal 2016 and were 10.0% of sales. The 90 basis point improvement in operating margin is primarily attributable to improved mix, better manufacturing capacity utilization from higher organic volume, benefits from cost saving initiatives and lower warranty costs. Commodity costs remained relatively flat compared to the prior year but are on the rise as we exit the fiscal year. The lower restructuring and exit charges and impairment charges in fiscal 2017 were largely offset by the legal proceedings charge in EMEA. Also included in the operating earnings of fiscal 2016 was the $3.4 million gain on sale of our plant in Chaozhou, the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), recorded in fiscal 2016.

The Americas segment’s operating earnings, excluding the highlighted items discussed above, increased $8.8 million or 4.8% in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, with the operating margin increasing 10 basis points to 14.4%. This relatively flat operating margin in our Americas segment is primarily due to higher organic volume, improved product mix in both product lines, combined with lower manufacturing costs, negatively offset by the write-off during the first quarter fiscal 2017 of previously capitalized costs of $6.3 million related to the new ERP system.

The EMEA segment’s operating earnings, excluding the highlighted items discussed above, increased $0.6 million or 1.0% in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, with the operating margin increasing 40 basis points to10.0%. This increase is primarily on account of improved product mix, manufacturing efficiencies and lower warranty costs combined with benefits from cost reduction programs, partially offset by currency headwinds and weak reserve power telecom market demand.

Operating earnings in Asia, excluding the highlighted items discussed above, increased $14.4 million in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016, with the operating margin increasing by 530 basis points to 5.5% is primarily due to improved product mix and results from our India operations. Our PRC operations improved as the transition from our Jiangsu to Yangzhou facilities was completed.




34



Interest Expense

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Interest expense
 
$
22.2

 
1.0
%
 
$
22.3

 
1.0
%
 
$
(0.1
)
 
(0.7
)%

Interest expense of $22.2 million in fiscal 2017 (net of interest income of $2.1 million) was $0.1 million lower than the $22.3 million in fiscal 2016 (net of interest income of $1.9 million).

Our average debt outstanding was $625.4 million in fiscal 2017, compared to our average debt outstanding (including the average amount of the Convertible Notes discount of $0.2 million) of $626.8 million in fiscal 2016. Our average cash interest rate incurred in fiscal 2017 was 3.3% compared to 3.1% in fiscal 2016.

Included in interest expense were non-cash charges related to amortization of deferred financing fees of $1.4 million in fiscal 2017 and $1.5 million in fiscal 2016. Also included in interest expense of fiscal 2016 was non-cash, accreted interest on the Convertible Notes of $1.3 million.

Other (Income) Expense, Net

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Other (income) expense, net
 
$
1.0

 
—
%
 
$
5.7

 
0.2
%
 
$
(4.7
)
 
(83.1
)%

Other (income) expense, net was expense of $1.0 million in fiscal 2017 compared to expense of $5.7 million in fiscal 2016 primarily due to foreign currency gains of $0.6 million in fiscal 2017 compared to foreign currency losses of $5.4 million in fiscal 2016, partially offset by miscellaneous income of $1.2 million in fiscal 2016.

Earnings Before Income Taxes

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Earnings before income taxes
 
$
212.7

 
9.0
%
 
$
182.0

 
7.9
%
 
$
30.7

 
16.9
%

As a result of the factors discussed above, fiscal 2017 earnings before income taxes were $212.7 million, an increase of $30.7 million or 16.9% compared to fiscal 2016.

Income Tax Expense 

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Income tax expense
 
$
54.5

 
2.3
%
 
$
50.1

 
2.2
%
 
$
4.4

 
8.7
%
Effective tax rate
 
25.6
%
 
 
 
27.5
%
 
 
 
(1.9
)%
 
 

Our effective income tax rate with respect to any period may be volatile based on the mix of income in the tax jurisdictions in which we operate and the amount of our consolidated income before taxes. 

The Company’s income tax provisions consist of federal, state and foreign income taxes. The effective income tax rate was 25.6% in fiscal 2017 compared to the fiscal 2016 effective income tax rate of 27.5%. The rate decrease in fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016 is primarily due to changes in the mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions and a decrease in non-

35

deductible goodwill impairment charges as compared to fiscal 2016, partially offset by an increase in non-deductible legal proceedings charge relating to the European competition investigation in fiscal 2017 as compared to fiscal 2016.

The fiscal 2017 foreign effective income tax rate on foreign pre-tax income of $132.3 million was 13.5% compared to foreign pre-tax income of $117.7 million and effective income tax rate of 16.9% in fiscal 2016. For both fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016 the difference in the foreign effective tax rate versus the U.S. statutory rate of 35% is primarily attributable to lower tax rates in the foreign countries in which we operate. The rate decrease in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 is primarily due to changes in the mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions and a decrease in non-deductible goodwill impairment charges compared to fiscal 2016, partially offset by an increase in non-deductible legal proceedings charge relating to the European competition investigation in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016.

Income from our Swiss subsidiary comprised a substantial portion of our overall foreign mix of income for both fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016 and is taxed at approximately 5% and 7%, respectively.

Results of Operations—Fiscal 2016 Compared to Fiscal 2015

The following table presents summary Consolidated Statement of Income data for fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, compared to fiscal year ended March 31, 2015:

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
    Millions    
 
%
Net sales
 
$
2,316.2

 
100.0
 %
 
$
2,505.5

 
100.0
 %
 
$
(189.3
)
 
(7.6
)%
Cost of goods sold
 
1,704.5

 
73.6

 
1,864.6

 
74.4

 
(160.1
)
 
(8.6
)
Gross profit
 
611.7

 
26.4

 
640.9

 
25.6

 
(29.2
)
 
(4.6
)
Operating expenses
 
352.7

 
15.2

 
358.4

 
14.3

 
(5.7
)
 
(1.6
)
Restructuring and other exit charges
 
12.9

 
0.5

 
11.4

 
0.5

 
1.5

 
13.5

Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets
 
36.3

 
1.6

 
23.9

 
1.0

 
12.4

 
51.4

Legal proceedings charge / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees)
 
3.2

 
0.1

 
(16.2
)
 
(0.7
)
 
19.4

 
NM

Gain on sale of facility
 
(3.4
)
 
(0.1
)
 
—

 
—

 
(3.4
)
 
NM

Operating earnings
 
210.0

 
9.1

 
263.4

 
10.5

 
(53.4
)
 
(20.3
)
Interest expense
 
22.3

 
1.0

 
19.7

 
0.8

 
2.6

 
13.7

Other (income) expense, net
 
5.7

 
0.2

 
(5.6
)
 
(0.2
)
 
11.3

 
NM

Earnings before income taxes
 
182.0

 
7.9

 
249.3

 
9.9

 
(67.3
)
 
(27.0
)
Income tax expense
 
50.1

 
2.2

 
67.8

 
2.7

 
(17.7
)
 
(26.1
)
Net earnings
 
131.9

 
5.7

 
181.5

 
7.2

 
(49.6
)
 
(27.4
)
Net (losses) earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(4.3
)
 
(0.2
)
 
0.3

 
—

 
(4.6
)
 
NM

Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
136.2

 
5.9
 %
 
$
181.2

 
7.2
 %
 
$
(45.0
)
 
(24.9
)%
NM = not meaningful

Overview

Our sales in fiscal 2016 were $2.3 billion, an 8% decrease from prior year's sales. This was the result of a 7% decrease due to foreign currency translation impact and a 2% decrease in organic volume, partially offset by a 1% increase from acquisitions.

Gross margin percentage in fiscal 2016 increased by 80 basis points to 26.4% compared to fiscal 2015, mainly due to lower commodity costs and favorable product mix combined with the benefits of restructuring programs in EMEA, despite a small decline in organic volume and an increase in warranty costs.


36

A discussion of specific fiscal 2016 versus fiscal 2015 operating results follows, including an analysis and discussion of the results of our reportable segments.

Net Sales

Net sales by reportable segment were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
% Net
Sales
 
In
Millions
 
% Net
Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%    
Americas
 
$
1,276.0

 
55.1
%
 
$
1,322.4

 
52.8
%
 
$
(46.4
)
 
(3.5
)%
EMEA
 
787.4

 
34.0

 
948.8

 
37.9

 
(161.4
)
 
(17.0
)
Asia
 
252.8

 
10.9

 
234.3

 
9.3

 
18.5

 
7.9

Total net sales
 
$
2,316.2

 
100.0
%
 
$
2,505.5

 
100.0
%
 
$
(189.3
)
 
(7.6
)%

The Americas segment’s revenue decreased by $46.4 million or 3.5% in fiscal 2016, as compared to fiscal 2015, primarily due a decrease in currency translation impact and organic volume of approximately 2%, each.

The EMEA segment’s revenue decreased by $161.4 million or 17.0% in fiscal 2016, as compared to fiscal 2015, primarily due to a decrease in currency translation impact and organic volume of approximately 12% and 6%, respectively, partially offset by a 1% increase in pricing.

The Asia segment’s revenue increased by $18.5 million or 7.9% in fiscal 2016, as compared to fiscal 2015, primarily due to an increase from acquisitions and organic volume of approximately 13% and 6%, respectively, partially offset by a 10% decrease in currency translation impact and a 1% decrease due to pricing.

Net sales by product line were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Reserve power
 
$
1,109.2

 
47.9
%
 
$
1,252.7

 
50.0
%
 
$
(143.5
)
 
(11.5
)%
Motive power
 
1,207.0

 
52.1

 
1,252.8

 
50.0

 
(45.8
)
 
(3.7
)
Total net sales
 
$
2,316.2

 
100.0
%
 
$
2,505.5

 
100.0
%
 
$
(189.3
)
 
(7.6
)%

Sales in our reserve power product line decreased in fiscal 2016 by $143.5 million or 11.5% compared to the prior year primarily due to currency translation impact and lower organic volume of approximately 7% each, partially offset by a 2% increase from acquisitions.

Sales in our motive power product line decreased in fiscal 2016 by $45.8 million or 3.7% compared to the prior year primarily due to currency translation impact of 7%, partially offset by approximately 2% increase in organic volume and 1% increase in pricing.


Gross Profit

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Gross profit
 
$
611.7

 
26.4
%
 
$
640.9

 
25.6
%
 
$
(29.2
)
 
(4.6
)%

Gross profit decreased $29.2 million or 4.6% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015. Gross profit, excluding the effect of foreign currency translation, decreased $0.9 million or 0.1% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015. The 80 basis point improvement in the gross profit margin is primarily due to lower commodity costs and favorable product mix combined with the benefits of restructuring programs in EMEA, despite a small decline in organic volume and an increase in warranty costs.

37


Operating Items

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Operating expenses
 
$
352.7

 
15.2
 %
 
$
358.4

 
14.3
 %
 
$
(5.7
)
 
(1.6
)%
Restructuring and other exit charges
 
12.9

 
0.5

 
11.4

 
0.5

 
1.5

 
13.5

Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets
 
36.3

 
1.6

 
23.9

 
1.0

 
12.4

 
51.4

Legal proceedings charge / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees)
 
3.2

 
0.1

 
(16.2
)
 
(0.7
)
 
19.4

 
NM

Gain on sale of facility
 
(3.4
)
 
(0.1
)
 
—

 
—

 
(3.4
)
 
NM

NM = not meaningful

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses decreased $5.7 million or 1.6% in fiscal 2016 from fiscal 2015. Operating expenses, excluding the effect of foreign currency translation, increased $16.1 million or 4.6% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015. As a percentage of sales, operating expenses increased from 14.3% in fiscal 2015 to 15.2% in fiscal 2016 primarily due to lower sales coupled with higher implementation costs for a new ERP system in the Americas, higher bad debt, professional services, employee incentive and stock compensation and other payroll related expenses.

Restructuring and other exit charges

Included in fiscal 2016 operating results are restructuring and other exit charges in EMEA of $9.4 million and restructuring charges of $2.1 million and $1.4 million in Americas and Asia, respectively.

Included in fiscal 2015 operating results are restructuring and other exit charges in EMEA of $7.5 million and restructuring charges of $3.9 million in Asia.

Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, we conducted step one of our annual goodwill impairment test which indicated that the fair values of three of our reporting units - Purcell and Quallion/ABSL US in the Americas operating segment and our South Africa joint venture in the EMEA operating segment, were less than their respective carrying value, requiring us to perform step two of the goodwill impairment analysis.

Based on our analysis, the implied fair value of goodwill was lower than the carrying value of the goodwill for the Purcell and Quallion/ABSL US reporting units in the Americas operating segment and our joint venture in South Africa in the EMEA operating segment. We recorded a non-cash charge of $31.5 million related to goodwill impairment in the Americas and the EMEA operating segments. In addition, we recorded non-cash charges of $3.4 million related to impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks in the Americas and $1.4 million related to fixed assets in the EMEA operating segment. The combined charges resulted in a tax benefit of $4.2 million, for a net charge of $32.1 million.

The key factors contributing to the impairments in both fiscal years were that the reporting units in the Americas were recent acquisitions that have not performed to management's expectations. In the case of Purcell, the impairment was the result of lower estimated projected revenue and profitability in the near term caused by reduced level of capital spending by major customers in the telecommunications industry. In the case of Quallion/ABSL US, the impairment was the result of lower estimated projected revenue and profitability in the near term caused by delays, both in introducing new products and in programs serving the aerospace and defense markets. In the case of the South Africa joint venture, declining business conditions in South Africa resulted in negative cash flows.

Legal proceedings charge / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees)

Certain of our European subsidiaries have received subpoenas and requests for documents and, in some cases, interviews from, and have had on-site inspections conducted by the competition authorities of Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands relating to conduct and anticompetitive practices of certain industrial battery participants. We are responding to inquiries related to these

38

matters. We settled the Belgian regulatory proceeding in February 2016 by acknowledging certain anticompetitive practices and conduct and agreeing to pay a fine of $2.0 million, which we paid in March 2016 and as of March 31, 2016, we had a reserve balance of $2.0 million in connection with these remaining investigations and other related legal charges.

Included in our fiscal 2016 results is the reversal of a $0.8 million legal accrual in Americas, relating to legal fees, subsequent to the final settlement of the Altergy matter.

Operating Earnings

Operating earnings by segment were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales(1)
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales(1)
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Americas
 
$
182.7

 
14.3
 %
 
$
162.8

 
12.3
 %
 
$
19.9

 
12.3
 %
EMEA
 
75.6

 
9.6

 
109.8

 
11.6

 
(34.2
)
 
(31.1
)
Asia
 
0.7

 
0.2

 
9.9

 
4.2

 
(9.2
)
 
(94.3
)
Subtotal
 
259.0

 
11.2

 
282.5

 
11.3

 
(23.5
)
 
(8.3
)
Restructuring charges-Americas
 
(2.1
)
 
(0.2
)
 
—

 
—

 
(2.1
)
 
NM

Restructuring and other exit charges-EMEA
 
(9.4
)
 
(1.2
)
 
(7.5
)
 
(0.8
)
 
(1.9
)
 
25.6

Restructuring charges-Asia
 
(1.4
)
 
(0.6
)
 
(3.9
)
 
(1.7
)
 
2.5

 
(63.3
)
Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles-Americas
 
(33.0
)
 
(2.6
)
 
(23.1
)
 
(1.8
)
 
(9.9
)
 
42.3

Impairment of goodwill and fixed assets-EMEA
 
(3.3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(0.8
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(2.5
)
 
NM

Reversal of legal accrual, net of fees-Americas
 
0.8

 
0.1

 
16.2

 
1.2

 
(15.4
)
 
(95.1
)
Legal proceedings charge-EMEA
 
(4.0
)
 
(0.5
)
 
—

 
—

 
(4.0
)
 
NM

Gain on sale of facility-Asia
 
3.4

 
1.4

 
—

 
—

 
3.4

 
NM

Total
 
$
210.0

 
9.1
 %
 
$
263.4

 
10.5
 %
 
$
(53.4
)
 
(20.3
)%
NM = not meaningful
(1)
The percentages shown for the segments are computed as a percentage of the applicable segment’s net sales.

Fiscal 2016 operating earnings of $210.0 million were $53.4 million lower than in fiscal 2015 and were 9.1% of sales. Fiscal 2016 operating earnings included $49.0 million in restructuring, impairment charges and legal proceedings accrual, net of reversals and a gain on sale of facility, compared to $19.1 million in fiscal 2015. Without these net charges, operating earnings were $259.0 million or 11.2% of sales in fiscal 2016 compared to $282.5 million or 11.3% of sales in fiscal 2015, which reflects a relatively stable environment for revenues, pricing and commodity costs between the two fiscal years.

The Americas segment’s operating earnings, excluding the highlighted items discussed above, increased $19.9 million or 12.3% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015, with the operating margin increasing 200 basis points to 14.3%. This increase of operating margin in our Americas segment is primarily due to improved product mix and pricing, lower commodity costs, partially offset by higher implementation costs relating to a new ERP system.

The EMEA segment’s operating earnings, excluding the highlighted items discussed above, decreased $34.2 million or 31.1% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015, with the operating margin decreasing 200 basis points to 9.6%. This decrease primarily reflects foreign currency headwinds and lower reserve power product sales, particularly in the emerging markets.

Operating earnings in Asia, excluding the highlighted items discussed above, decreased $9.2 million or 94.3% in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015, with the operating margin decreasing by 400 basis points to 0.2% primarily due to lower operating results of our subsidiary in India, foreign currency headwinds and reduced telecom sales.


39

Interest Expense

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Interest expense
 
$
22.3

 
1.0
%
 
$
19.7

 
0.8
%
 
$
2.6

 
13.7
%

Interest expense of $22.3 million in fiscal 2016 (net of interest income of $1.9 million) was $2.6 million higher than the $19.7 million in fiscal 2015 (net of interest income of $1.3 million). The increase in interest expense in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 was primarily due to higher average debt outstanding, partially offset by lower accreted interest on the Convertible Notes in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015.

Our average debt outstanding (including the average amount of the Convertible Notes discount of $0.2 million) was $626.8 million in fiscal 2016, compared to our average debt outstanding (including the average amount of the Convertible Notes discount of $5.6 million) of $422.5 million in fiscal 2015. Our average cash interest rate incurred in fiscal 2016 was 3.1% compared to 2.3% in fiscal 2015. This higher average debt outstanding is the result of our stock buy back program under which $178 million of our shares were purchased during fiscal 2016.

Included in interest expense was non-cash, accreted interest on the Convertible Notes of $1.3 million in fiscal 2016 and $8.3 million in fiscal 2015. Also included in interest expense were non-cash charges related to amortization of deferred financing fees of $1.5 million in fiscal 2016 and $1.3 million in fiscal 2015.

Other (Income) Expense, Net

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Other (income) expense, net
 
$
5.7

 
0.2
%
 
$
(5.6
)
 
(0.2
)%
 
$
11.3

 
NM
NM = not meaningful

Other (income) expense, net was expense of $5.7 million in fiscal 2016 compared to income of $5.6 million in fiscal 2015. The unfavorable impact in fiscal 2016 is mainly attributable to foreign currency losses of $5.4 million in fiscal 2016 compared to foreign currency gains in fiscal 2015 of $5.0 million.

Earnings Before Income Taxes

 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Earnings before income taxes
 
$
182.0

 
7.9
%
 
$
249.3

 
9.9
%
 
$
(67.3
)
 
(27.0
)%

As a result of the factors discussed above, fiscal 2016 earnings before income taxes were $182.0 million, a decrease of $67.3 million or 27.0% compared to fiscal 2015.

Income Tax Expense
 
 
 
Fiscal 2016
 
Fiscal 2015
 
Increase (Decrease) 
 
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
As %
Net Sales
 
In
Millions
 
%  
Income tax expense
 
$
50.1

 
2.2
%
 
$
67.8

 
2.7
%
 
$
(17.7
)
 
(26.1
)%
Effective tax rate
 
27.5
%
 
 
 
27.2
%
 
 
 
0.3
%
 
 


Our effective income tax rate with respect to any period may be volatile based on the mix of income in the tax jurisdictions in which we operate and the amount of our consolidated income before taxes. 


40

The Company’s income tax provisions consist of federal, state and foreign income taxes. The effective income tax rate was 27.5% in fiscal 2016 compared to the fiscal 2015 effective income tax rate of 27.2%. The rate increase in fiscal 2016 as compared to fiscal 2015 is primarily due to changes in the mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions. The fiscal 2016 effective income tax rate also includes an increase due to a larger non-deductible goodwill impairment charge as compared to fiscal 2015.

The fiscal 2016 foreign effective income tax rate on foreign pre-tax income of $117.7 million was 16.9% compared to foreign pre-tax income of $173.0 million and effective income tax rate of 14.8% in fiscal 2015. For both fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015 the difference in the foreign effective tax rate versus the U.S. statutory rate of 35% is primarily attributable to lower tax rates in the foreign countries in which we operate. The rate increase in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 is primarily due to changes in the mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions and due to a larger non-deductible goodwill impairment charge compared to fiscal 2015.

Income from our Swiss subsidiary comprised a substantial portion of our overall foreign mix of income for both fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015 and is taxed at approximately 7%.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow and Financing Activities

Cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, were $500.3 million, $397.3 million and $268.9 million, respectively.

Cash provided by operating activities for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, was $246.0 million, $307.6 million and $194.5 million, respectively.

During fiscal 2017, cash provided by operating activities was primarily from net earnings of $158.2 million, depreciation and amortization of $53.9 million, non-cash charges relating to write-off of goodwill and other assets of $20.3 million, stock-based compensation of $19.2 million, provision of doubtful accounts of $1.8 million, restructuring and other exit charges of $1.4 million, and non-cash interest of $1.4 million. Cash provided by operating activities were partially offset by the increase in primary working capital of $55.5 million, net of currency translation changes. Cash provided by operating activities were positively impacted by legal proceedings accrual of $23.7 million and accrued expenses of $9.3 million, comprising primarily of income and other taxes.

During fiscal 2016, cash from operating activities was provided primarily from net earnings of $131.8 million, depreciation and amortization of $56.0 million, non-cash charges relating to write-off of goodwill and other assets of $36.3 million, stock-based compensation of $19.6 million, provision of doubtful accounts of $4.7 million, restructuring of $3.8 million and non-cash interest of $2.8 million and were partially offset by a gain of $4.3 million on sale of our facility in the PRC. Also contributing to our cash provided from operating activities was the decrease in primary working capital of $55.0 million, net of currency translation changes.

During fiscal 2015, cash from operating activities was provided primarily from net earnings of $181.5 million, depreciation and amortization of $57.0 million, non-cash charges relating to write-off of goodwill and other assets of $23.9 million, deferred taxes of $31.9 million, stock-based compensation of $25.3 million, non-cash interest and restructuring charges of $9.5 million and $3.3 million, respectively, and were partially offset by a non-cash gain of $2.0 million on disposition of our equity interest in Altergy and non-cash credits relating to the reversal of the remaining legal accrual of $16.2 million. Also partially offsetting our cash provided from operating activities was the increase in primary working capital of $49.9 million, net of currency translation changes and our payment of $40.0 million towards the Altergy award, pursuant to the final legal settlement of the Altergy matter and accrued income tax expense of $15.5 million.

As explained in the discussion of our use of “non-GAAP financial measures,” we monitor the level and percentage of primary working capital to sales. Primary working capital for this purpose is trade accounts receivable, plus inventories, minus trade accounts payable and the resulting net amount is divided by the trailing three-month net sales (annualized) to derive a primary working capital percentage. Primary working capital was $624.8 million (yielding a primary working capital percentage of 24.9%) at March 31, 2017 and $593.4 million (yielding a primary working capital percentage of 24.3%) at March 31, 2016. The primary working capital percentage of 24.9% at March 31, 2017 is 60 basis points higher than that for March 31, 2016, and is 40 basis points lower than that for March 31, 2015. Primary working capital percentage increased during fiscal 2017 largely due

41

to higher inventory levels. The reason for the increase in inventory is partially due to rising lead costs and is broad-based across the regions. We expect inventory turns to improve during fiscal 2018 due to our Lean initiatives.

Primary Working Capital and Primary Working Capital percentages at March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are computed as follows:

At March 31,
 
Trade
Receivables
 
Inventory
 
Accounts
Payable
 
Primary
Working
Capital
 
Quarter
Revenue
Annualized
 
Primary
Working
Capital
(%)
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
2017
 
$
486.6

 
$
360.7

 
$
(222.5
)
 
$
624.8

 
$
2,507.2

 
24.9
%
2016
 
490.8

 
331.0

 
(228.4
)
 
593.4

 
2,445.9

 
24.3

2015
 
518.2

 
337.0

 
(218.6
)
 
636.6

 
2,519.6

 
25.3


Cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $61.8 million, $80.9 million and $59.6 million, respectively. Capital expenditures were $50.1 million, $55.9 million and $63.6 million in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During fiscal 2017, capital spending focused primarily on continuous improvement to our equipment and facilities world-wide and the continuation of a new ERP system implementation for our Americas.

During fiscal 2017, and fiscal 2016, we had minor acquisitions resulting in a cash outflow of $12.4 million and $35.4 million, respectively. There were no acquisitions in fiscal 2015.

During fiscal 2017 financing activities used cash of $62.5 million primarily due to revolver borrowings of $262.0 million and repayments of $267.0 million, repayment of our Term Loan of $15.0 million, payment of cash dividends to our stockholders of $30.4 million, and payment of taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards of $7.4 million. Net payments on short-term debt were $4.6 million.

During fiscal 2016 financing activities used cash of $105.7 million primarily due to revolver repayments of $360.8 million, purchase of treasury stock for $178.2 million, principal payment of $172.3 million to the Convertible Notes holders, payment of cash dividends to our stockholders of $30.9 million, repayment on Term Loan of $7.5 million and debt issuance costs of $5.0 million relating to the Notes. This was partially offset by revolver borrowings of $355.8 million and the issuance of $300.0 million of the Notes. Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards, net of option proceeds and related tax benefits also resulted in a net outflow of $10.9 million. Net borrowings on short-term debt were $4.2 million.

During fiscal 2015, financing activities used cash of $59.3 million primarily due to revolver borrowings and repayments of $372.7 million and $322.7 million, respectively, and $150.0 million incremental term loan borrowing under the 2011 Credit Facility, purchase of treasury stock for $205.4 million and payment of cash dividends to our stockholders of $31.7 million. Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards, net of option proceeds and related tax benefits resulted in a net outflow of $8.6 million. Net repayments on short-term debt were $11.9 million.

As a result of the above, cash and cash equivalents increased $103.0 million from $397.3 million at March 31, 2016 to $500.3 million at March 31, 2017.

We currently are in compliance with all covenants and conditions under our credit agreements.

In addition to cash flows from operating activities, we had available committed and uncommitted credit lines of approximately $476 million at March 31, 2017 to cover short-term liquidity requirements. Our 2011 Credit Facility is committed through September 2018, as long as we continue to comply with the covenants and conditions of the credit facility agreement. Included in our available credit lines at March 31, 2017 is $333 million under our 2011 Credit Facility.

We believe that our cash flow from operations, available cash and cash equivalents and available borrowing capacity under our credit facilities will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs, including normal levels of capital expenditures, for the foreseeable future; however, there can be no assurance that this will be the case.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements during any of the periods covered by this report.

42


Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

At March 31, 2017, we had certain cash obligations, which are due as follows:

 
 
Total
 
Less than
1 year
 
2 to 3
years
 
4 to 5
years
 
After
5 years
 
 
(in millions)
Debt obligations
 
$
592.5

 
$
15.0

 
$
277.5

 
$
—

 
$
300.0

Short-term debt
 
18.4

 
18.4

 
—

 
—

 
—

Interest on debt
 
109.6

 
23.6

 
33.5

 
30.0

 
22.5

Operating leases
 
98.7

 
24.5

 
36.0

 
21.7

 
16.5

Pension benefit payments and profit sharing
 
34.5

 
2.5

 
5.3

 
6.5

 
20.2

Restructuring
 
2.8

 
2.8

 
—

 
—

 
—

Purchase commitments
 
12.4

 
12.4

 
—

 
—

 
—

Foreign currency forward contracts
 
0.3

 
0.3

 
—

 
—

 
—

Capital lease obligations, including interest
 
0.2

 
0.1

 
0.1

 
—

 
—

Total
 
$
869.4

 
$
99.6

 
$
352.4

 
$
58.2

 
$
359.2


Due to the uncertainty of future cash outflows, uncertain tax positions have been excluded from the above table.

Under our 2011 Credit Facility and other credit arrangements, we had outstanding standby letters of credit of $2.2 million as of March 31, 2017.

Credit Facilities and Leverage

Our focus on working capital management and cash flow from operations is measured by our ability to reduce debt and reduce our leverage ratios. Shown below are the leverage ratios at March 31, 2017 and 2016, in connection with our 2011 Credit Facility.

The total net debt as defined under our 2011 Credit Facility is $463.7 million for fiscal 2017 and is 1.4 times adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) as described below.

The following table provides a reconciliation of net earnings to EBITDA (non-GAAP) and adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) as per our 2011 Credit Facility:

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
 
(in millions, except ratios)
Net earnings as reported
 
$
158.2

 
$
131.9

Add back:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
53.9

 
56.0

Interest expense
 
22.2

 
22.3

Income tax expense
 
54.5

 
50.1

EBITDA (non GAAP)(1)
 
$
288.8

 
$
260.3

Adjustments per credit agreement definitions(2)
 
46.8

 
60.5

Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) per credit agreement(1)
 
$
335.6

 
$
320.8

Total net debt(3)
 
$
463.7

 
$
491.9

Leverage ratios(4):

 
 
 
 
Total net debt/adjusted EBITDA ratio(4)
 
1.4 X

 
1.5 X

  Maximum ratio permitted
 
3.25 X

 
3.25 X

Consolidated interest coverage ratio(5)
 
16.1 X

 
16.4 X

  Minimum ratio required
 
4.5 X

 
4.5 X

 

43

(1)
We have included EBITDA (non-GAAP) and adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) because our lenders use them as a key measures of our performance. EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to net earnings or any other measure of performance under GAAP or to cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities as an indicator of cash flows or as a measure of liquidity. Our calculation of EBITDA may be different from the calculations used by other companies, and therefore comparability may be limited. Certain financial covenants in our 2011 Credit Facility are based on EBITDA, subject to adjustments, which are shown above. Continued availability of credit under our 2011 Credit Facility is critical to our ability to meet our business plans. We believe that an understanding of the key terms of our credit agreement is important to an investor’s understanding of our financial condition and liquidity risks. Failure to comply with our financial covenants, unless waived by our lenders, would mean we could not borrow any further amounts under our revolving credit facility and would give our lenders the right to demand immediate repayment of all outstanding revolving credit loans. We would be unable to continue our operations at current levels if we lost the liquidity provided under our credit agreements. Depreciation and amortization in this table excludes the amortization of deferred financing fees, which is included in interest expense.
(2)
The $46.8 million adjustment to EBITDA in fiscal 2017 primarily related to $19.2 million of non-cash stock compensation, $1.4 million of non-cash restructuring and other exit charges and $24.1 million of impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles, fixed assets and ERP system related charges, $2.0 million relating to minority partners' share of joint venture losses and $0.1 million of acquisition expenses. The $60.5 million adjustment to EBITDA in fiscal 2016 primarily related to $19.6 million of non-cash stock compensation, $3.8 million of non-cash restructuring and other exit charges and $36.3 million of impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets and $0.7 million of acquisition expenses.
(3)
Debt includes capital lease obligations and letters of credit and is net of U.S. cash and cash equivalents and a portion of European cash investments, as defined in the 2011 Credit Facility. In fiscal 2017, the amounts deducted in the calculation of net debt were U.S. cash and cash equivalents and foreign cash investments of $150 million, respectively, and in fiscal 2016, $148 million, respectively.
(4)
These ratios are included to show compliance with the leverage ratios set forth in our credit facilities. We show both our current ratios and the maximum ratio permitted or minimum ratio required under our 2011 Credit Facility.
(5)
As defined in the 2011 Credit Facility, for fiscal 2017 interest expense used in the consolidated interest coverage ratio excludes non-cash interest of $1.4 million. For fiscal 2016, interest expense used in the consolidated interest coverage ratio excludes non-cash interest of $2.8 million.

RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for a description of certain recently issued accounting standards that were adopted or are pending adoption that could have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements or the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Related Party Transactions

None.


44

Sequential Quarterly Information

Fiscal 2017 and 2016 quarterly operating results, and the associated quarterly trends within each of those two fiscal years, are affected by the same economic and business conditions as described in the fiscal 2017 versus fiscal 2016 analysis previously discussed.

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
 
July 3,
2016
1st Qtr.
 
Oct. 2,
2016
2nd Qtr.
 
Jan. 1,
2017
3rd Qtr.
 
March 31,
2017
4th Qtr.
 
June 28,
2015
1st Qtr.
 
Sep. 27,
2015
2nd Qtr.
 
Dec. 27,
2015
3rd Qtr.
 
March 31,
2016
4th Qtr.
 
 
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)
Net sales
 
$
600.6

 
$
576.0

 
$
563.7

 
$
626.8

 
$
562.1

 
$
569.1

 
$
573.6

 
$
611.4

Cost of goods sold
 
434.3

 
412.1

 
408.3

 
459.7

 
411.7

 
414.1

 
427.8

 
450.9

Inventory adjustment relating to exit activities
 
—

 
2.6

 
(0.5
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Gross profit
 
166.3

 
161.3

 
155.9

 
167.1

 
150.4

 
155.0

 
145.8

 
160.5

Operating expenses
 
99.0

 
93.5

 
85.0

 
92.4

 
84.5

 
89.6

 
87.1

 
91.5

Restructuring and other exit charges
 
1.3

 
4.9

 
(1.2
)
 
2.1

 
1.2

 
2.6

 
3.2

 
5.9

Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
14.0

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
36.3

Legal proceedings charge / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees)
 
—

 
—

 
17.0

 
6.7

 
—

 
3.2

 
—

 
—

(Gain) loss on sale of facility
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(4.3
)
 
—

 
—

 
0.9

Operating earnings
 
66.0

 
62.9

 
55.1

 
51.9

 
69.0

 
59.6

 
55.5

 
25.9

Interest expense
 
5.7

 
5.5

 
5.6

 
5.4

 
6.3

 
5.1

 
5.3

 
5.6

Other (income) expense, net
 
1.3

 
(0.6
)
 
(1.1
)
 
1.4

 
0.7

 
0.7

 
1.2

 
3.1

Earnings before income taxes
 
59.0

 
58.0

 
50.6

 
45.1

 
62.0

 
53.8

 
49.0

 
17.2

Income tax expense
 
14.4

 
15.2

 
13.5

 
11.4

 
14.1

 
14.0

 
10.8

 
11.2

Net earnings
 
44.6

 
42.8

 
37.1

 
33.7

 
47.9

 
39.8

 
38.2

 
6.0

Net (losses) earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
—

 
(2.8
)
 
0.9

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.5
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(3.3
)
Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
44.6

 
$
45.6

 
$
36.2

 
$
33.8

 
$
48.4

 
$
40.0

 
$
38.5

 
$
9.3

Net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
1.03

 
$
1.05

 
$
0.83

 
$
0.78

 
$
1.09

 
$
0.89

 
$
0.87

 
$
0.21

Diluted
 
$
1.02

 
$
1.04

 
$
0.82

 
$
0.76

 
$
1.03

 
$
0.87

 
$
0.86

 
$
0.21

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
43,269,942

 
43,426,955

 
43,429,525

 
43,430,911

 
44,233,915

 
44,944,027

 
44,394,925

 
43,533,985

Diluted
 
43,829,813

 
43,949,543

 
44,049,674

 
44,221,143

 
46,756,376

 
46,005,399

 
44,976,204

 
44,158,541


45

Net Sales

Quarterly net sales by segment were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
 
1st Qtr.
 
2nd Qtr.
 
3rd Qtr.
 
4th Qtr.
 
1st Qtr.
 
2nd Qtr.
 
3rd Qtr.
 
4th Qtr.
 
 
(in millions)
Net sales by segment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
$
329.7

 
$
324.8

 
$
314.0

 
$
363.8

 
$
317.0

 
$
322.5

 
$
306.3

 
$
330.2

EMEA
 
197.1

 
180.6

 
186.1

 
199.3

 
196.7

 
189.4

 
196.8

 
204.5

Asia
 
73.8

 
70.6

 
63.6

 
63.7

 
48.4

 
57.2

 
70.5

 
76.7

Total
 
$
600.6

 
$
576.0

 
$
563.7

 
$
626.8

 
$
562.1

 
$
569.1

 
$
573.6

 
$
611.4

Segment net sales as % of total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
54.9
%
 
56.4
%
 
55.7
%
 
58.1
%
 
56.4
%
 
56.7
%
 
53.4
%
 
54.0
%
EMEA
 
32.8

 
31.4

 
33.0

 
31.8

 
35.0

 
33.3

 
34.3

 
33.4

Asia
 
12.3

 
12.2

 
11.3

 
10.1

 
8.6

 
10.0

 
12.3

 
12.6

Total
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

Quarterly net sales by product line were as follows:

 
 
Fiscal 2017
 
Fiscal 2016
 
 
1st Qtr.
 
2nd Qtr.
 
3rd Qtr.
 
4th Qtr.
 
1st Qtr.
 
2nd Qtr.
 
3rd Qtr.
 
4th Qtr.
 
 
(in millions)
Net sales by product line:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve power
 
$
296.0

 
$
277.4

 
$
271.3

 
$
297.5

 
$
264.3

 
$
274.2

 
$
272.0

 
$
298.7

Motive power
 
304.6

 
298.6

 
292.4

 
329.3

 
297.8

 
294.9

 
301.6

 
312.7

Total
 
$
600.6

 
$
576.0

 
$
563.7

 
$
626.8

 
$
562.1

 
$
569.1

 
$
573.6

 
$
611.4

Product line net sales as % of total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve power
 
49.3
%
 
48.2
%
 
48.1
%
 
47.5
%
 
47.0
%
 
48.2
%
 
47.4
%
 
48.9
%
Motive power
 
50.7

 
51.8

 
51.9

 
52.5

 
53.0

 
51.8

 
52.6

 
51.1

Total
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

ITEM 7A.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market Risks

Our cash flows and earnings are subject to fluctuations resulting from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and raw material costs. We manage our exposure to these market risks through internally established policies and procedures and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. Our policy does not allow speculation in derivative instruments for profit or execution of derivative instrument contracts for which there are no underlying exposures. We do not use financial instruments for trading purposes and are not a party to any leveraged derivatives. We monitor our underlying market risk exposures on an ongoing basis and believe that we can modify or adapt our hedging strategies as needed.

Counterparty Risks

We have entered into lead forward purchase contracts and foreign exchange forward and purchased option contracts to manage the risk associated with our exposures to fluctuations resulting from changes in raw material costs and foreign currency

46
Table of Contents

exchange rates. The Company’s agreements are with creditworthy financial institutions. Those contracts that result in a liability position at March 31, 2017 are $0.5 million (pre-tax). Those contracts that result in an asset position at March 31, 2017 are $1.4 million (pre-tax) and the vast majority of these will settle within one year. The impact on the Company due to nonperformance by the counterparties has been evaluated and not deemed material.

Interest Rate Risks

We are exposed to changes in variable U.S. interest rates on borrowings under our credit agreements, as well as short term borrowings in our foreign subsidiaries.

A 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have increased annual interest expense by approximately $3.1 million on the variable rate portions of our debt.

Commodity Cost Risks—Lead Contracts

We have a significant risk in our exposure to certain raw materials. Our largest single raw material cost is for lead, for which the cost remains volatile. In order to hedge against increases in our lead cost, we have entered into forward contracts with financial institutions to fix the price of lead. A vast majority of such contracts are for a period not extending beyond one year. We had the following contracts outstanding at the dates shown below:

Date
 
$’s Under Contract
 
# Pounds Purchased
 
Average
Cost/Pound
 
Approximate % of
 Lead Requirements (1)
 
 
(in millions)
 
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2017
 
$46.6
 
45.0
 
$1.03
 
8%
March 31, 2016
 
21.6
 
27.4
 
0.79
 
6
March 31, 2015
 
76.1
 
91.6
 
0.83
 
19
 
(1)
Based on the fiscal year lead requirements for the period then ended.

We estimate that a 10% increase in our cost of lead would have increased our annual cost of goods sold by approximately $57 million for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risks

We manufacture and assemble our products globally in the Americas, EMEA and Asia. Approximately 50% of our sales and expenses are transacted in foreign currencies. Our sales revenue, production costs, profit margins and competitive position are affected by the strength of the currencies in countries where we manufacture or purchase goods relative to the strength of the currencies in countries where our products are sold. Additionally, as we report our financial statements in U.S. dollars, our financial results are affected by the strength of the currencies in countries where we have operations relative to the strength of the U.S. dollar. The principal foreign currencies in which we conduct business are the Euro, Swiss franc, British pound, Polish zloty, Chinese renminbi and Mexican peso.

We quantify and monitor our global foreign currency exposures. Our largest foreign currency exposure is from the purchase and conversion of U.S. dollar based lead costs into local currencies in Europe. Additionally, we have currency exposures from intercompany financing and intercompany and third party trade transactions. On a selective basis, we enter into foreign currency forward contracts and purchase option contracts to reduce the impact from the volatility of currency movements; however, we cannot be certain that foreign currency fluctuations will not impact our operations in the future.

We hedge approximately 10% - 15% of the nominal amount of our known foreign exchange transactional exposures. We primarily enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to reduce the earnings and cash flow impact of the variation of non-functional currency denominated receivables and payables. The vast majority of such contracts are for a period not extending beyond one year.

Gains and losses resulting from hedging instruments offset the foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying assets and liabilities being hedged. The maturities of the forward exchange contracts generally coincide with the settlement dates of the related transactions. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on these contracts are recognized in the same period as gains and losses on the hedged items. We also selectively hedge anticipated transactions that are subject to foreign exchange exposure, primarily with foreign currency exchange contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815.

47
Table of Contents



At March 31, 2017 and 2016, we estimate that an unfavorable 10% change in the exchange rates would have decreased net unrealized gains by approximately $3.2 million and $2.9 million, respectively.



48
Table of Contents

ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Contents

EnerSys
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 
Page
50
51
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements
 
52
53
54
55
56
57
57
64
66
66
66
68
69
69
71
71
72
73
76
78
83
86
88
89
91
93
93
94
95
97

49
Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of EnerSys

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of EnerSys as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2017. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of EnerSys at March 31, 2017 and 2016, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2017, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), EnerSys’ internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated May 30, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.


/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
May 30, 2017

50

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of EnerSys

We have audited EnerSys’ internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). EnerSys’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, EnerSys maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2017, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of EnerSys as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2017 of EnerSys and our report dated May 30, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.


/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
May 30, 2017

51

EnerSys
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data) 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Assets
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
500,329

 
$
397,307

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
(2017–$12,662; 2016–$11,393)
 
486,646

 
490,799

Inventories, net
 
360,694

 
331,081

Prepaid and other current assets
 
71,246

 
77,052

Total current assets
 
1,418,915

 
1,296,239

Property, plant, and equipment, net
 
348,549

 
357,409

Goodwill
 
328,657

 
353,547

Other intangible assets, net
 
153,960

 
159,658

Deferred taxes
 
31,587

 
33,530

Other assets
 
11,361

 
14,105

Total assets
 
$
2,293,029

 
$
2,214,488

Liabilities and Equity
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Short-term debt
 
$
18,359

 
$
22,144

Current portion of capital lease obligations
 
69

 
89

Accounts payable
 
222,493

 
228,442

Accrued expenses
 
226,510

 
200,496

Total current liabilities
 
467,431

 
451,171

Long-term debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs
 
587,609

 
606,221

Capital lease obligations
 
96

 
177

Deferred taxes
 
45,923

 
46,008

Other liabilities
 
83,601

 
86,479

Total liabilities
 
1,184,660

 
1,190,056

Commitments and contingencies
 


 


Redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
—

 
5,997

Equity:
 
 
 
 
Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding at March 31, 2017 and at March 31, 2016
 
—

 
—

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, 135,000,000 shares authorized, 54,370,810 shares issued and 43,447,536 shares outstanding at March 31, 2017; 54,112,776 shares issued and 43,189,502 shares outstanding at March 31, 2016
 
544

 
541

Additional paid-in capital
 
464,092

 
452,097

Treasury stock at cost, 10,923,274 shares held as of March 31, 2017 and as of March 31, 2016
 
(439,800
)
 
(439,800
)
Retained earnings
 
1,231,444

 
1,097,642

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(152,824
)
 
(97,349
)
Total EnerSys stockholders’ equity
 
1,103,456

 
1,013,131

Nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
 
4,913

 
5,304

Total equity
 
1,108,369

 
1,018,435

Total liabilities and equity
 
$
2,293,029

 
$
2,214,488


See accompanying notes.

52
Table of Contents

EnerSys
Consolidated Statements of Income
(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Net sales
 
$
2,367,149

 
$
2,316,249

 
$
2,505,512

Cost of goods sold
 
1,714,367

 
1,704,472

 
1,864,601

Inventory adjustment relating to exit activities - See Note 19
 
2,157

 
—

 
—

Gross profit
 
650,625

 
611,777

 
640,911

Operating expenses
 
369,863

 
352,767

 
358,381

Restructuring and other exit charges - See Note 19
 
7,160

 
12,978

 
11,436

Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets - See Note 5
 
14,016

 
36,252

 
23,946

Legal proceedings charge / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees) - See Note 18
 
23,725

 
3,201

 
(16,233
)
Gain on sale of facility
 
—

 
(3,420
)
 
—

Operating earnings
 
235,861

 
209,999

 
263,381

Interest expense
 
22,197

 
22,343

 
19,644

Other (income) expense, net
 
969

 
5,719

 
(5,602
)
Earnings before income taxes
 
212,695

 
181,937

 
249,339

Income tax expense
 
54,472

 
50,113

 
67,814

Net earnings
 
158,223

 
131,824

 
181,525

Net (losses) earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(1,991
)
 
(4,326
)
 
337

Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
160,214

 
$
136,150

 
$
181,188

Net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
3.69

 
$
3.08

 
$
3.97

Diluted
 
$
3.64

 
$
2.99

 
$
3.77

Dividends per common share
 
$
0.70

 
$
0.70

 
$
0.70

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
43,389,333

 
44,276,713

 
45,606,317

Diluted
 
44,012,543

 
45,474,130

 
48,052,729


See accompanying notes.


53
Table of Contents

EnerSys
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In Thousands)
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Net earnings
 
$
158,223

 
$
131,824

 
$
181,525

Other comprehensive (loss) income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments, net of tax
 
1,587

 
483

 
2,158

Pension funded status adjustment, net of tax
 
(3,694
)
 
1,858

 
(8,512
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(53,730
)
 
8,035

 
(171,830
)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
 
(55,837
)
 
10,376

 
(178,184
)
Total comprehensive income
 
102,386

 
142,200

 
3,341

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(2,353
)
 
(5,576
)
 
(1,027
)
Comprehensive income attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
104,739

 
$
147,776

 
$
4,368

 
See accompanying notes.


54
Table of Contents

EnerSys
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(In Thousands)
 

Preferred
Stock
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional Paid-in
Capital
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
Total
EnerSys
Stockholders’
Equity
 
Non-
redeemable
Non-
Controlling
Interests
 
Total
Equity
Balance at March 31, 2014
 
$
—

 
$
532

 
$
500,254

 
$
(170,643
)
 
$
848,414

 
$
67,845

 
$
1,246,402

 
$
5,887

 
$
1,252,289

Stock-based compensation
 
—

 
—

 
25,259

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
25,259

 
—

 
25,259

Shares issued under equity awards (taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards), net
 
—

 
5

 
(12,676
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(12,671
)
 
—

 
(12,671
)
Tax benefit from stock options
 
—

 
—

 
4,071

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
4,071

 
—

 
4,071

Purchase of common stock
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(205,362
)
 
—

 
—

 
(205,362
)
 
—

 
(205,362
)
Purchase of noncontrolling interests
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(119
)
 
(119
)
Debt conversion feature
 
—

 
—

 
8,283

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
8,283

 
—

 
8,283

Other
 
—

 
—

 
(3
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(3
)
 
—

 
(3
)
Net earnings (excluding $191 of earnings attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
181,188

 
—

 
181,188

 
146

 
181,334

Dividends ($0.70 per common share)
 
—

 
—

 
779

 
—

 
(32,518
)
 
—

 
(31,739
)
 
—

 
(31,739
)
Redemption value adjustment attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
292

 
—

 
292

 
—

 
292

Other comprehensive income:
 


 


 


 


 


 


 
 
 


 
 
Pension funded status adjustment (net of tax benefit of $3,250)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(8,512
)
 
(8,512
)
 
—

 
(8,512
)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments (net of tax expense of $1,266)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,158

 
2,158

 
—

 
2,158

Foreign currency translation adjustment (excludes ($990) related to redeemable noncontrolling interests)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(170,466
)
 
(170,466
)
 
(374
)
 
(170,840
)
Balance at March 31, 2015
 
$
—

 
$
537

 
$
525,967

 
$
(376,005
)
 
$
997,376

 
$
(108,975
)
 
$
1,038,900

 
$
5,540

 
$
1,044,440

Stock-based compensation
 
—

 
—

 
19,603

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
19,603

 
—

 
19,603

Shares issued under equity awards (taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards), net
 
—

 
4

 
(15,209
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(15,205
)
 
—

 
(15,205
)
Tax benefit from stock options
 
—

 
—

 
4,291

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
4,291

 
—

 
4,291

Purchase of common stock
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(178,244
)
 
—

 
—

 
(178,244
)
 
—

 
(178,244
)
Reissuance of treasury stock to Convertible Notes holders
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
114,449

 
—

 
—

 
114,449

 
—

 
114,449

Adjustment to equity on debt extinguishment
 
—

 
—

 
(84,140
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(84,140
)
 
—

 
(84,140
)
Debt conversion feature
 
—

 
—

 
1,330

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,330

 
—

 
1,330

Other
 
—

 
—

 
(477
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(477
)
 
—

 
(477
)
Net earnings (excluding $4,272 of losses attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
136,150

 
—

 
136,150

 
(54
)
 
136,096

Dividends ($0.70 per common share)
 
—

 
—

 
732

 
—

 
(31,612
)
 
—

 
(30,880
)
 
—

 
(30,880
)
Redemption value adjustment attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(4,272
)
 
—

 
(4,272
)
 
—

 
(4,272
)
Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension funded status adjustment (net of tax expense of $587)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,858

 
1,858

 
—

 
1,858

Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments (net of tax expense of $277)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
483

 
483

 
—

 
483

Foreign currency translation adjustment (excludes ($1,068) related to redeemable noncontrolling interests)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
9,285

 
9,285

 
(182
)
 
9,103

Balance at March 31, 2016
 
$
—

 
$
541

 
$
452,097

 
$
(439,800
)
 
$
1,097,642

 
$
(97,349
)
 
$
1,013,131

 
$
5,304

 
$
1,018,435

Stock-based compensation
 
—

 
—

 
19,185

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
19,185

 
—

 
19,185

Shares issued under equity awards (taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards), net
 
—

 
3

 
(7,447
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(7,444
)
 
—

 
(7,444
)
Other
 
—

 
—

 
(480
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(480
)
 
—

 
(480
)
Net earnings (excluding $2,021 of losses attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
160,214

 
—

 
160,214

 
30

 
160,244

Dividends ($0.70 per common share)
 
—

 
—

 
737

 
—

 
(31,137
)
 
—

 
(30,400
)
 
—

 
(30,400
)
Redemption value adjustment attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
4,725

 
—

 
4,725

 
—

 
4,725

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension funded status adjustment (net of tax expense of $142)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(3,694
)
 
(3,694
)
 
—

 
(3,694
)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments (net of tax expense of $929)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,587

 
1,587

 
—

 
1,587

Foreign currency translation adjustment (excludes $59 related to redeemable noncontrolling interests)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(53,368
)
 
(53,368
)
 
(421
)
 
(53,789
)
Balance at March 31, 2017
 
$
—

 
$
544

 
$
464,092

 
$
(439,800
)
 
$
1,231,444

 
$
(152,824
)
 
$
1,103,456

 
$
4,913

 
$
1,108,369

See accompanying notes.

55

EnerSys
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In Thousands) 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings
 
$
158,223

 
$
131,824

 
$
181,525

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
53,945

 
55,994

 
57,040

Write-off of assets relating to restructuring and other exit charges
 
1,435

 
3,800

 
3,349

Non-cash write-off of property, plant and equipment
 
6,300

 
—

 
—

Gain on disposition of equity interest in Altergy

 
—

 
—

 
(2,000
)
Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets
 
14,016

 
36,252

 
23,946

Derivatives not designated in hedging relationships:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net losses (gains)
 
471

 
409

 
(972
)
Cash proceeds (settlements)
 
(1,225
)
 
648

 
654

Provision for doubtful accounts
 
1,794

 
4,749

 
1,125

Deferred income taxes
 
1,455

 
(753
)
 
31,886

Legal proceedings accrual / (reversal of legal accrual, net of fees) - See Note 18
 
23,725

 
(799
)
 
(16,233
)
Non-cash interest expense
 
1,388

 
2,794

 
9,546

Stock-based compensation
 
19,185

 
19,603

 
25,259

Gain on sale of facility
 
—

 
(4,348
)
 
—

(Gain) loss on disposal of fixed assets
 
(7
)
 
(114
)
 
8

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
 
(13,535
)
 
31,142

 
(13,250
)
Inventory
 
(42,792
)
 
11,667

 
(10,153
)
Prepaid and other current assets
 
3,721

 
4,751

 
(18,998
)
Other assets
 
2,034

 
(331
)
 
701

Accounts payable
 
845

 
12,178

 
(26,500
)
Accrued expenses
 
9,333

 
(4,739
)
 
(64,147
)
Other liabilities
 
5,719

 
2,844

 
11,685

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
246,030

 
307,571

 
194,471

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
 
(50,072
)
 
(55,880
)
 
(63,625
)
Purchase of businesses
 
(12,392
)
 
(35,439
)
 
—

Proceeds from sale of facility
 
—

 
9,179

 
—

Proceeds from disposition of equity interest in Altergy
 
—

 
—

 
2,000

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant, and equipment and other assets
 
631

 
1,217

 
2,009

Net cash used in investing activities
 
(61,833
)
 
(80,923
)
 
(59,616
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt
 
(4,600
)
 
4,233

 
(11,923
)
Proceeds from revolving credit borrowings
 
262,000

 
355,800

 
372,700

Repayments of revolving credit borrowings
 
(267,000
)
 
(360,800
)
 
(322,700
)
Proceeds from long-term debt
 
—

 
300,000

 
150,000

Repayments of long-term debt
 
(15,000
)
 
(7,500
)
 
—

Repayments of Convertible Notes
 
—

 
(172,266
)
 
(234
)
Debt issuance costs
 
—

 
(5,031
)
 
(1,076
)
Capital lease obligations and other
 
(98
)
 
(127
)
 
(260
)
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
 
3

 
4

 
5

Payment of taxes related to net share settlement of equity awards
 
(7,447
)
 
(15,209
)
 
(12,676
)
Excess tax benefits from exercise of stock options and vesting of equity awards
 
—

 
4,291

 
4,071

Purchase of treasury stock
 
—

 
(178,244
)
 
(205,362
)
Dividends paid to stockholders
 
(30,400
)
 
(30,880
)
 
(31,739
)
Purchase of noncontrolling interests
 
—

 
—

 
(119
)
Net cash used by financing activities
 
(62,542
)
 
(105,729
)
 
(59,313
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
 
(18,633
)
 
7,467

 
(46,724
)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
103,022

 
128,386

 
28,818

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
 
397,307

 
268,921

 
240,103

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
 
$
500,329

 
$
397,307

 
$
268,921


See accompanying notes.

56

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
March 31, 2017
(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Data)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

EnerSys (the “Company”) and its predecessor companies have been manufacturers of industrial batteries for over 125 years. EnerSys is a global leader in stored energy solutions for industrial applications. The Company manufactures, markets and distributes industrial batteries and related products such as chargers, outdoor cabinet enclosures, power equipment and battery accessories, and provides related after-market and customer-support services for its products.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries and any partially owned subsidiaries that the Company has the ability to control. Control generally equates to ownership percentage, whereby investments that are more than 50% owned are generally consolidated, investments in affiliates of 50% or less but greater than 20% are generally accounted for using the equity method, and investments in affiliates of 20% or less are accounted for using the cost method. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company also consolidates certain subsidiaries in which the noncontrolling interest party has within its control the right to require the Company to redeem all or a portion of its interest in the subsidiary. The redeemable noncontrolling interests are reported at their estimated redemption value, and the amount presented in temporary equity is not less than the initial amount reported in temporary equity. Any adjustment to the redemption value impacts retained earnings but does not impact net income or comprehensive income. In fiscal 2017, the Company deconsolidated its joint venture in South Africa and the impact of this deconsolidation is reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income. As a result, the Company has no redeemable noncontrolling interest on its Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2017.

Foreign Currency Translation

Results of foreign operations of subsidiaries, whose functional currency is the local currency, are translated into U.S. dollars using average exchange rates during the periods. The assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates as of the balance sheet dates. Gains or losses resulting from translating the foreign currency financial statements are accumulated as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) in EnerSys’ stockholders’ equity and noncontrolling interests.

Transaction gains and losses resulting from exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the applicable subsidiary are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income, within “Other (income) expense, net”, in the year in which the change occurs.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when the earnings process is complete. This occurs when risk and title transfers, collectibility is reasonably assured and pricing is fixed or determinable. Shipment terms are either shipping point or destination and do not differ significantly between the Company’s business segments. Accordingly, revenue is recognized when risk and title are transferred to the customer. Amounts invoiced to customers for shipping and handling are classified as revenue. Taxes on revenue producing transactions are not included in net sales.

The Company recognizes revenue from the service of its products when the respective services are performed.

Accruals are made at the time of sale for sales returns and other allowances based on the Company’s historical experience.

Freight Expense

Amounts billed to customers for outbound freight costs are classified as sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Costs incurred by the Company for outbound freight costs to customers, inbound and transfer freight are classified in cost of goods
sold.

57


Warranties

The Company’s products are warranted for a period ranging from one to twenty years for reserve power batteries and for a period ranging from one to seven years for motive power batteries. The Company provides for estimated product warranty expenses when the related products are sold. The assessment of the adequacy of the reserve includes a review of open claims and historical experience.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that subject the Company to potential concentration of credit risk consist principally of short-term cash investments and trade accounts receivable. The Company invests its cash with various financial institutions and in various investment instruments limiting the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution or entity. The Company has bank deposits that exceed federally insured limits. In addition, certain cash investments may be made in U.S. and foreign government bonds, or other highly rated investments guaranteed by the U.S. or foreign governments. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables is limited by a large, diversified customer base and its geographic dispersion. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and requires collateral, such as letters of credit, in certain circumstances.

Accounts Receivable

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to make required payments. The allowance is based on management’s estimate of uncollectible accounts, analysis of historical data and trends, as well as reviews of all relevant factors concerning the financial capability of its customers. Accounts receivable are considered to be past due based on when payments are received compared to the customer’s credit terms. Accounts are written off when management determines the account is uncollectible.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. The cost of inventory consists of material, labor, and associated overhead.

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost and include expenditures that substantially increase the useful lives of the assets. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: 10 to 33 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 15 years for machinery and equipment.

Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Interest on capital projects is capitalized during the construction period.

Business Combinations

The purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from the acquired business based on their estimated fair values, with the residual of the purchase price recorded as goodwill. The results of operations of the acquired business are included in the Company’s operating results from the date of acquisition.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and indefinite-lived trademarks are tested for impairment at least annually and whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that a possible impairment may have been incurred. Goodwill is tested for impairment by determining the fair value of the Company’s reporting units. These estimated fair values are based on financial projections, certain cash flow measures, and market capitalization.


58

The Company estimates the fair value of its reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived from both the income approach and the market approach. Under the income approach, the Company calculates the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimates of revenue growth rates and operating margins, taking into consideration industry and market conditions. The discount rate used is based on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the business's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. The market approach estimates fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. The weighting of the fair value derived from the market approach ranges from 0% to 50% depending on the level of comparability of these publicly-traded companies to the reporting unit.

In order to assess the reasonableness of the calculated fair values of its reporting units, the Company also compares the sum of the reporting units' fair values to its market capitalization and calculates an implied control premium (the excess of the sum of the reporting units' fair values over the market capitalization). The Company evaluates the control premium by comparing it to control premiums of recent comparable market transactions.

In fiscal 2016, in accordance with guidance under ASC 350, the Company conducted the goodwill impairment test using the two-step process. In the first step, the Company compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, the Company must perform the second step of the impairment test to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. In the second step, the reporting unit's fair value is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, including any unrecognized intangible assets, in a hypothetical analysis that calculates the implied fair value of goodwill in the same manner as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. If the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill is less than the carrying value, the difference is recorded as an impairment loss.

In fiscal 2017, as discussed in more detail under New Accounting Pronouncements, the Company early adopted ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment”, which simplified the measurement of goodwill impairment by removing the second step of the goodwill impairment test that requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation.

The annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

The indefinite-lived trademarks are tested for impairment by comparing the carrying value to the fair value based on current revenue projections of the related operations, under the relief from royalty method. Any excess carrying value over the amount of fair value is recognized as impairment. Any impairment would be recognized in full in the reporting period in which it has been identified.

Finite-lived assets such as customer relationships, patents, and non-compete agreements are amortized over their estimated useful lives, generally over periods ranging from 3 to 20 years. The Company reviews the carrying values of these assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable based on undiscounted estimated cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. The Company continually evaluates the reasonableness of the useful lives of these assets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews the carrying values of its long-lived assets to be held and used for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable, based on undiscounted estimated cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. The factors considered by the Company in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and other economic factors. In assessing the recoverability of the carrying value of a long-lived asset, the Company must make assumptions regarding future cash flows and other factors. If these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, the Company may be required to record an impairment loss for these assets.



59


Environmental Expenditures

The Company records a loss and establishes a reserve for environmental remediation liabilities when it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability exists and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Reasonable estimates involve judgments made by management after considering a broad range of information including notifications, demands or settlements that have been received from a regulatory authority or private party, estimates performed by independent engineering companies and outside counsel, available facts existing and proposed technology, the identification of other potentially responsible parties, their ability to contribute and prior experience. These judgments are reviewed quarterly as more information is received and the amounts reserved are updated as necessary. However, the reserves may materially differ from ultimate actual liabilities if the loss contingency is difficult to estimate or if management’s judgments turn out to be inaccurate. If management believes no best estimate exists, the minimum probable loss is accrued.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company utilizes derivative instruments to mitigate volatility related to interest rates, lead prices and foreign currency exposures. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The Company recognizes derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and measures those instruments at fair value. Changes in the fair value of those instruments are reported in AOCI if they qualify for hedge accounting or in earnings if they do not qualify for hedge accounting. Derivatives qualify for hedge accounting if they are designated as hedge instruments and if the hedge is highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of the asset or liability hedged. Effectiveness is measured on a regular basis using statistical analysis and by comparing the overall changes in the expected cash flows on the lead and foreign currency forward contracts with the changes in the expected all-in cash outflow required for the lead and foreign currency purchases. This analysis is performed on the initial purchases quarterly that cover the quantities hedged. Accordingly, gains and losses from changes in derivative fair value of effective hedges are deferred and reported in AOCI until the underlying transaction affects earnings.

The Company has commodity, foreign exchange and interest rate hedging authorization from the Board of Directors and has established a hedging and risk management program that includes the management of market and counterparty risk. Key risk control activities designed to ensure compliance with the risk management program include, but are not limited to, credit review and approval, validation of transactions and market prices, verification of risk and transaction limits, portfolio stress tests, sensitivity analyses and frequent portfolio reporting, including open positions, determinations of fair value and other risk management metrics.

Market risk is the potential loss the Company and its subsidiaries may incur as a result of price changes associated with a particular financial or commodity instrument. The Company utilizes forward contracts, options, and swaps as part of its risk management strategies, to minimize unanticipated fluctuations in earnings caused by changes in commodity prices, interest rates and/or foreign currency exchange rates. All derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value, unless they qualify for the Normal Purchase Normal Sale exemption.

Credit risk is the potential loss the Company may incur due to the counterparty’s non-performance. The Company is exposed to credit risk from interest rate, foreign currency and commodity derivatives with financial institutions. The Company has credit policies to manage their credit risk, including the use of an established credit approval process, monitoring of the counterparty positions and the use of master netting agreements.

The Company has elected to offset net derivative positions under master netting arrangements. The Company does not have any positions involving cash collateral (payables or receivables) under a master netting arrangement as of March 31, 2017 and 2016.

The Company does not have any credit-related contingent features associated with its derivative instruments.









60



Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company groups its recurring, non-recurring and disclosure-only fair value measurements into the following levels when making fair value measurement disclosures:
Level 1
 
Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
 
 
Level 2
 
Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-corroborated inputs which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.
 
 
Level 3
 
Inputs are derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or value drivers are unobservable.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price). The Company and its subsidiaries use, as appropriate, a market approach (generally, data from market transactions), an income approach (generally, present value techniques and option-pricing models), and/or a cost approach (generally, replacement cost) to measure the fair value of an asset or liability. These valuation approaches incorporate inputs such as observable, independent market data and/or unobservable data that management believes are predicated on the assumptions market participants would use to price an asset or liability. These inputs may incorporate, as applicable, certain risks such as nonperformance risk, which includes credit risk.

Lead contracts, foreign currency contracts and interest rate contracts generally use an income approach to measure the fair value of these contracts, utilizing readily observable inputs, such as forward interest rates (e.g., London Interbank Offered Rate—“LIBOR”) and forward foreign currency exchange rates (e.g., GBP and euro) and commodity prices (e.g., London Metals Exchange), as well as inputs that may not be observable, such as credit valuation adjustments. When observable inputs are used to measure all or most of the value of a contract, the contract is classified as Level 2. Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts are valued using quotes obtained from an exchange, binding and non-binding broker quotes. Furthermore, the Company obtains independent quotes from the market to validate the forward price curves. OTC contracts include forwards, swaps and options. To the extent possible, fair value measurements utilize various inputs that include quoted prices for similar contracts or market-corroborated inputs.

When unobservable inputs are significant to the fair value measurement, the asset or liability is classified as Level 3. Additionally, Level 2 fair value measurements include adjustments for credit risk based on the Company’s own creditworthiness (for net liabilities) and its counterparties’ creditworthiness (for net assets). The Company assumes that observable market prices include sufficient adjustments for liquidity and modeling risks. The Company did not have any fair value measurements that transferred between Level 2 and Level 3 as well as Level 1 and Level 2.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, which requires deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates to measure the effect of temporary differences between book and tax bases on recorded assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets, if it is more likely than not some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The need to establish valuation allowances against deferred tax assets is assessed quarterly. The primary factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are forecasts of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets.

The Company has not recorded United States income or foreign withholding taxes related to undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries because the Company currently plans to keep these amounts indefinitely invested overseas. 

The Company recognizes tax related interest and penalties in income tax expense in its Consolidated Statement of Income.
With respect to accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, the Company evaluates tax positions to determine whether the benefits of tax positions are more likely than not of being sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. For tax positions that are more likely than not of being sustained upon audit, the Company recognizes the largest amount of the benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. For tax positions that are not more likely than not of being sustained upon audit, the Company does not recognize any portion of the benefit. If the more likely than not

61

threshold is not met in the period for which a tax position is taken, the Company may subsequently recognize the benefit of that tax position if the tax matter is effectively settled, the statute of limitations expires, or if the more likely than not threshold is met in a subsequent period.

Deferred Financing Fees

Debt issuance costs that are incurred by the Company in connection with the issuance of debt are deferred and amortized to interest expense over the life of the underlying indebtedness, adjusted to reflect any early repayments.

Stock-Based Compensation Plans

The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for the award of an equity instrument based on the grant-date fair value of the award, with such cost recognized over the applicable vesting period.

Market condition-based awards

The Company grants two types of market condition-based awards - market share units and performance market share units.

The fair value of the market share units is estimated at the date of grant using a binomial lattice model with the following assumptions: a risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, time to maturity and expected volatility. These units vest and are settled in common stock on the third anniversary of the date of grant. Market share units are converted into between zero and two shares of common stock for each unit granted at the end of a three-year performance cycle. The conversion ratio is calculated by dividing the average closing share price of the Company’s common stock during the ninety calendar days immediately preceding the vesting date by the average closing share price of the Company’s common stock during the ninety calendar days immediately preceding the grant date, with the resulting quotient capped at two. This quotient is then multiplied by the number of market share units granted to yield the number of shares of common stock to be delivered on the vesting date.

The fair value of the performance market share units is estimated at the date of grant using a Monte Carlo Simulation. A participant may earn between 0% to 200% of the number of performance market share units granted, based on the total shareholder return (the“TSR”) of the Company's common stock over a three-year period. The awards will cliff vest on the third anniversary of the grant date. The TSR is calculated by dividing the sixty or ninety calendar day average price at end of the period (as applicable) and the reinvested dividends thereon by such sixty or ninety calendar day average price at start of the period. The maximum number of awards earned is capped at 200% of the target award. Additionally, no payout will be awarded in the event that the TSR at the vesting date reflects less than a 25% return from the average price at the grant date. Performance market share units are similar to the market share units except that the targets are more difficult to achieve and may be tied to the TSR of a defined peer group.

The Company recognizes compensation expense using the straight-line method over the life of the market share units and performance market share units except for those issued to certain retirement-eligible participants, which are expensed on an accelerated basis. The Company estimates forfeitures rather than recognizing them when they occur.

Restricted Stock Units

The fair value of restricted stock units is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. These awards generally vest, and are settled in common stock, at 25% per year, over a four year period from the date of grant. The Company recognizes compensation expense using the straight-line method over the life of the restricted stock units.

Stock Options

The fair value of the options granted is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model utilizing assumptions based on historical data and current market data. The assumptions include expected term of the options, risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and dividend yield. The expected term represents the expected amount of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, based on historical and forecasted exercise behavior. The risk-free rate is based on the rate at the grant date of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Notes with a term equal to the expected term of the option. Expected volatility is estimated using historical volatility rates based on historical weekly price changes over a term equal to the expected term of the options. The Company’s dividend yield is based on historical data. The Company recognizes compensation expense using the straight-line method over the vesting period of the options except for those issued to certain retirement-eligible participants, which are expensed on an accelerated basis.

62




Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share (“EPS”) are computed by dividing net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. At March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company had outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, market share units and performance market share units, which could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future. The Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 8), prior to their extinguishment on July 17, 2015, had a dilutive impact on the EPS for the fiscal years of 2016 and 2015.

Segment Reporting

A segment for reporting purposes is based on the financial performance measures that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker to assess segment performance and to make decisions about a public entity’s allocation of resources. Based on this guidance, the Company reports its segment results based upon the three geographical regions of operations.

•
Americas, which includes North and South America, with segment headquarters in Reading, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.,
•
EMEA, which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa, with segment headquarters in Zug, Switzerland, and
•
Asia, which includes Asia, Australia and Oceania, with segment headquarters in Singapore.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” providing guidance on revenue from contracts with customers that will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. In July 2015, the FASB voted to delay the effective date for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permissible one year earlier. The standard permits the use of either modified retrospective or full retrospective transition methods. The Company has developed an implementation plan, which is currently in the assessment phase. The Company has not selected a transition method and is currently evaluating the impact that adoption of the standard will have on the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, “Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (Topic 330).” This update requires inventory to be measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method. This update will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this update should be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. This update will not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, “Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments (Topic 805).” The amendments in this update require that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The amendments in this update require that the acquirer record, in the same period’s financial statements, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard in fiscal 2017 and this update did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)”, which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e. lessees and lessors). This update requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee. This classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. The new standard requires lessors to account for leases using an approach that is substantially equivalent to

63

existing guidance for sales-type leases, direct financing leases and operating leases. This update is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, using a modified retrospective approach, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact that the adoption will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718)”. This update simplifies several aspects related to how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the financial statements, including the accounting for forfeitures and tax-effects related to share-based payments at settlement, and the classification of excess tax benefits and shares surrendered for tax withholdings in the statement of cash flows. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted this standard as of April 1, 2016. The impact of the adoption of this standard was as follows:

•
approximately $1,316 of excess tax benefits was recorded through income tax expense for fiscal 2017, adopted on a prospective basis;
•
excess tax benefits were included within operating cash flows adopted on a prospective basis;
•
cash paid by the Company when directly withholding shares to satisfy an employee's statutory tax obligations continued to be classified as a financing activity; and
•
no impact on prior periods due to adopting the guidance on a prospective basis.

The Company has elected to continue its current policy of estimating forfeitures rather than recognizing forfeitures when they occur.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for


Goodwill Impairment”, which eliminated Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit should be considered when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. This update is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-04 should be adopted on a prospective basis.

Consistent with the Company's accounting policy of performing the annual goodwill impairment test on the first day of the fourth quarter of a fiscal year, the Company conducted the annual goodwill impairment test on January 2, 2017 and was able to early adopt ASU 2017-04. For more details, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

2. Acquisitions

There were no major acquisitions in fiscal 2017.

In fiscal 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of ICS Industries Pty. Ltd. (ICS), headquartered in Melbourne, Australia, for $34,496, net of cash acquired. ICS is a leading full line shelter designer and manufacturer with installation and maintenance services serving the telecommunications, utilities, datacenter, natural resources and transport industries operating in Australia and serving customers in the Asia Pacific region. The Company acquired tangible and intangible assets, in connection with the acquisition, including trademarks, technology, customer relationships, non-competition agreements and goodwill. Based on the final valuation, trademarks were valued at $1,322, technology at $1,399, customer relationships at $10,211, non-competition agreements at $142 and goodwill was recorded at $13,898. The useful lives of technology were estimated at 10 years, customer relationships were estimated at 11 years and non-competition agreements ranged from 2-5 years. Trademarks were considered to be indefinite-lived assets. There was no tax deductible goodwill associated with this acquisition.

There were no acquisitions in fiscal 2015.


64

The results of these acquisitions have been included in the Company’s results of operations from the dates of their respective acquisitions. Pro forma earnings and earnings per share computations have not been presented as these acquisitions are not considered material.

65

3. Inventories

Inventories, net consist of:
 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Raw materials
 
$
85,604

 
$
84,198

Work-in-process
 
107,177

 
104,085

Finished goods
 
167,913

 
142,798

Total
 
$
360,694

 
$
331,081



Inventory reserves for obsolescence and other estimated losses, mainly relating to finished goods, were $18,461 and $23,570 at March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and have been included in the net amounts shown above.

4. Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment consist of:

 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Land, buildings, and improvements
 
$
251,030

 
$
249,112

Machinery and equipment
 
582,105

 
570,394

Construction in progress
 
33,418

 
35,450

 
 
866,553

 
854,956

Less accumulated depreciation
 
(518,004
)
 
(497,547
)
Total
 
$
348,549

 
$
357,409



Depreciation expense for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 totaled $45,388, $47,686, and $49,261, respectively. Interest capitalized in connection with major capital expenditures amounted to $817, $1,526, and $1,989 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

5. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Other Intangible Assets

Information regarding the Company’s other intangible assets are as follows:

 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
Gross
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Amount
 
Gross
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Amount
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trademarks
 
$
96,849

 
$
(953
)
 
$
95,896

 
$
98,245

 
$
(953
)
 
$
97,292

Finite-lived intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationships
 
66,187

 
(24,936
)
 
41,251

 
65,963

 
(18,485
)
 
47,478

Non-compete
 
2,846

 
(2,701
)
 
145

 
2,856

 
(2,457
)
 
399

Technology
 
22,549

 
(7,168
)
 
15,381

 
18,494

 
(5,423
)
 
13,071

Trademarks
 
2,003

 
(1,066
)
 
937

 
2,004

 
(983
)
 
1,021

Licenses
 
1,474

 
(1,124
)
 
350

 
1,487

 
(1,090
)
 
397

Total
 
$
191,908

 
$
(37,948
)
 
$
153,960

 
$
189,049

 
$
(29,391
)
 
$
159,658



The Company’s amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $8,557, $8,308, and $7,779, for the years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The expected amortization expense based on the finite-lived intangible

66

assets as of March 31, 2017, is $8,244 in fiscal 2018, $8,206 in fiscal 2019, $8,063 in fiscal 2020, $7,813 in fiscal 2021 and $7,622 in fiscal 2022.

Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment are as follows:

 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2017
 
 
Americas
 
EMEA
 
Asia
 
Total
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
166,197

 
$
141,392

 
$
45,958

 
$
353,547

Reorganization of reporting structure
 
(11,628
)
 
11,628

 
—

 
—

Goodwill acquired during the year, including purchase accounting adjustments
 
1,962

 
—

 
(840
)
 
1,122

Goodwill impairment charge
 
(8,646
)
 
(3,570
)
 
—

 
(12,216
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(903
)
 
(10,637
)
 
(2,256
)
 
(13,796
)
Balance at end of year
 
$
146,982

 
$
138,813

 
$
42,862

 
$
328,657


 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2016
 
 
Americas
 
EMEA
 
Asia
 
Total
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
190,321

 
$
146,962

 
$
32,447

 
$
369,730

Reorganization of reporting structure
 
6,712

 
(6,712
)
 
—

 
—

Goodwill acquired during the year
 
497

 
—

 
13,898

 
14,395

Goodwill impairment charge
 
(29,578
)
 
(1,833
)
 
—

 
(31,411
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(1,755
)
 
2,975

 
(387
)
 
833

Balance at end of year
 
$
166,197

 
$
141,392

 
$
45,958

 
$
353,547



A reconciliation of goodwill and accumulated goodwill impairment losses, by reportable segment, is as follows:

 
 
March 31, 2017
 
 
Americas
 
EMEA
 
Asia
 
Total
Gross carrying value
 
$
204,827

 
$
144,966

 
$
48,041

 
$
397,834

Accumulated goodwill impairment charges
 
(57,845
)
 
(6,153
)
 
(5,179
)
 
(69,177
)
Net book value
 
$
146,982

 
$
138,813

 
$
42,862

 
$
328,657


 
 
March 31, 2016
 
 
Americas
 
EMEA
 
Asia
 
Total
Gross carrying value
 
$
215,396

 
$
143,975

 
$
51,137

 
$
410,508

Accumulated goodwill impairment charges
 
(49,199
)
 
(2,583
)
 
(5,179
)
 
(56,961
)
Net book value
 
$
166,197

 
$
141,392

 
$
45,958

 
$
353,547



Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets

As mentioned in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, the Company early adopted ASU 2017-04, which eliminated Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017, the Company conducted step one of the annual goodwill impairment test which indicated that the fair values of two of its reporting units - Purcell US in the Americas and Purcell EMEA in the EMEA operating segment - were less than their respective carrying values. Based on the guidance in ASU 2017-04, the Company recognized an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeded the reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company recorded a non-cash charge of $8,646 and $3,570, related to goodwill impairment in the Americas and EMEA operating segments, respectively, and $700 and $1,100 related to impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks in the Americas and

67

EMEA operating segments, respectively, for an aggregate charge of $14,016, under the caption “Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets” in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Purcell was acquired in fiscal 2014 during the height of the 4G telecom build-out. After performing to expectation for the first few quarters, its revenue slumped as telecom spending in the U.S. curtailed sharply. In both fiscal 2015 and 2016, lower estimated projected revenue and profitability in the near term caused by reduced levels of capital spending by major customers in the telecommunications industry was a key factor contributing to the impairment charges recorded in those years. In fiscal 2017, the company transferred the European operations of Purcell to its EMEA operating segment, consistent with its geographical management approach. In the U.S., Purcell recently received significant orders, but at lower margins than recent years, resulting in an impairment in 2017. In Europe, Purcell's sales forecasts were reduced as a result of low telecom spending and accordingly recorded an impairment charge as well.

In fiscal 2016, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $31,411 related to goodwill impairment in the Americas and EMEA operating segments, $3,420 related to impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks in the Americas and $1,421 related to impairment of fixed assets in the EMEA operating segment for an aggregate charge of $36,252.

In fiscal 2015, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $20,371 related to goodwill impairment in the Americas and EMEA operating segments and $3,575 related to impairment of indefinite-lived trademarks in the Americas for an aggregate charge of $23,946.

The Company estimated tax-deductible goodwill to be approximately $19,857 and $20,766 as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

6. Prepaid and Other Current Assets

Prepaid and other current assets consist of the following:

 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Prepaid non-income taxes
 
$
22,268

 
$
19,289

Prepaid income taxes
 
22,540

 
35,294

Non-trade receivables
 
4,318

 
2,876

Other
 
22,120

 
19,593

Total
 
$
71,246

 
$
77,052




68

7. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Payroll and benefits
 
$
56,295

 
$
48,470

Accrued selling expenses
 
34,561

 
32,759

Income taxes payable
 
13,708

 
17,345

Warranty
 
20,595

 
20,198

Freight
 
14,583

 
13,791

VAT and other non-income taxes
 
11,380

 
4,302

Deferred income
 
10,661

 
9,840

Restructuring
 
2,812

 
2,989

Interest
 
6,315

 
6,297

Pension
 
1,222

 
1,321

Other
 
54,378

 
43,184

Total
 
$
226,510

 
$
200,496



8. Debt

The following summarizes the Company’s long-term debt:

 
 
As of March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
Principal
 
Unamortized Issuance Costs
 
Principal
 
Unamortized Issuance Costs
5.00% Senior Notes due 2023
 
$
300,000

 
$
3,746

 
$
300,000

 
$
4,370

2011 Credit Facility, due 2018
 
292,500

 
1,145

 
312,500

 
1,909

 
 
$
592,500

 
$
4,891

 
$
612,500

 
$
6,279

Less: Unamortized issuance costs
 
4,891

 
 
 
6,279

 
 
Less: Current portion
 
—

 
 
 
—

 
 
Long-term debt, net of unamortized issuance costs
 
$
587,609

 
 
 
$
606,221

 
 


5.00% Senior Notes

The Company's $300,000 5.00% Senior Notes due 2023 (the “Notes”) bear interest at a rate of 5.00%. Interest is payable semiannually in arrears on April 30 and October 30 of each year, commencing on October 30, 2015. The Notes will mature on April 30, 2023, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in full. The Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Company. The Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed (the “Guarantees”), jointly and severally, by each of its subsidiaries that are guarantors under the 2011 Credit Facility (the “Guarantors”). The Guarantees are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Guarantors. The net proceeds from the sale of the Notes were used primarily to repay and retire in full the principal amount of the Company’s senior 3.375% convertible notes (the “Convertible Notes”), as discussed below, as well as, fund the accelerated share repurchase program discussed in Note 15.

2011 Credit Facility

The Company is party to a $500,000 senior secured revolving credit facility and a $150,000 senior secured incremental term loan (the “Term Loan”) that matures on September 30, 2018, comprising the “2011 Credit Facility”. The quarterly installments payable on the Term Loan were $1,875 beginning June 30, 2015 and $3,750 beginning June 30, 2016 with a final payment of $108,750 on September 30, 2018. The 2011 Credit Facility may be increased by an aggregate amount of $300,000 in revolving commitments and /or one or more new tranches of term loans, under certain conditions. Both the revolving loan and the Term Loan under the 2011 Credit Facility will bear interest, at the Company's option, at a rate per annum equal to either (i) the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus between 1.25% and 1.75% (currently 1.25% and based on the Company's

69

consolidated net leverage ratio) or (ii) the Base Rate (which is the highest of (a) the Bank of America prime rate, and (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate) plus between 0.25% and 0.75% (based on the Company’s consolidated net leverage ratio). Obligations under the 2011 Credit Facility are secured by substantially all of the Company’s existing and future acquired assets, including substantially all of the capital stock of the Company’s United States subsidiaries that are guarantors under the credit facility, and 65% of the capital stock of certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries that are owned by the Company’s United States subsidiaries.

There are no prepayment penalties on loans under the 2011 Credit Facility. The Company had $165,000 revolver borrowings and $127,500 Term Loan borrowings outstanding under its 2011 Credit Facility as of March 31, 2017.

The current portion of the Term Loan of $15,000 is classified as long-term debt as the Company expects to refinance the future quarterly payments with revolver borrowings under its 2011 Credit Facility.

Senior Unsecured 3.375% Convertible Notes

The Company's 3.375% Convertible Notes, with an original face value of $172,500, were issued when the Company’s stock price was trading at $30.19 per share. On May 7, 2015, the Company filed a notice of redemption for all of the Convertible Notes with a redemption date of June 8, 2015 at a price equal to $1,000.66 per $1,000 original principal amount of Convertible Notes, which is equal to 100% of the accreted principal amount of the Convertible Notes being repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest. Holders were permitted to convert their Convertible Notes at their option on or before June 5, 2015.

Ninety-nine percent of the Convertible Notes holders exercised their conversion rights on or before June 5, 2015, pursuant to which, on July 17, 2015, the Company paid $172,388, in aggregate, towards the principal balance including accreted interest, cash equivalent of fractional shares issued towards conversion premium and settled the conversion premium by issuing, in the aggregate, 1,889,431 shares of the Company's common stock from its treasury shares, thereby resulting in the extinguishment of all of the Convertible Notes as of that date. There was no impact to the income statement from the extinguishment as the fair value of the total settlement consideration transferred and allocated to the liability component approximated the carrying value of the Convertible Notes. The remaining consideration allocated to the equity component resulted in an adjustment to equity of $84,140.
 
The amount of interest cost recognized for the amortization of the discount on the liability component of the Convertible Notes was $0, $1,330 and $8,283, respectively, for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

The Company paid $20,781, $15,176 and $10,088, net of interest received, for interest during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company’s financing agreements contain various covenants, which, absent prepayment in full of the indebtedness and other obligations, or the receipt of waivers, would limit the Company’s ability to conduct certain specified business transactions including incurring debt, mergers, consolidations or similar transactions, buying or selling assets out of the ordinary course of business, engaging in sale and leaseback transactions, paying dividends and certain other actions. The Company is in compliance with all such covenants.

Short-Term Debt

As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had $18,359 and $22,144, respectively, of short-term borrowings from banks. The weighted-average interest rates on these borrowings were approximately 7% and 8% for fiscal years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Letters of Credit

As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had $2,189 and $2,693, respectively, of standby letters of credit.

Debt Issuance Costs

Amortization expense, relating to debt issuance costs, included in interest expense was $1,388, $1,464, and $1,263 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Debt issuance costs, net of accumulated amortization, totaled $4,891 and $6,279 as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.


70

Available Lines of Credit

As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had available and undrawn, under all its lines of credit, $475,947 and $472,187, respectively, including $142,872 and $144,112, respectively, of uncommitted lines of credit as of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016.

9. Leases

The Company’s future minimum lease payments under operating leases that have noncancelable terms in excess of one year as of March 31, 2017 are as follows:

 
 
 
2018
 
$
24,510

2019
 
19,724

2020
 
16,327

2021
 
12,115

2022
 
9,559

Thereafter
 
16,459

Total minimum lease payments
 
$
98,694



Rental expense was $35,991, $34,590, and $35,974 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Certain operating lease agreements contain renewal or purchase options and/or escalation clauses.

10. Other Liabilities

Other liabilities consist of the following:

 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Pension
 
$
42,930

 
$
41,309

Warranty
 
25,521

 
28,224

Deferred income
 
4,929

 
6,007

Liability for uncertain tax benefits
 
1,562

 
2,176

Other
 
8,659

 
8,763

Total
 
$
83,601

 
$
86,479




71

11. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following tables represent the financial assets and (liabilities) measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 and the basis for that measurement:

 
 
Total Fair Value
Measurement
March 31, 2017
 
Quoted Price in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Lead forward contracts
 
$
1,163

 
$
—

 
$
1,163

 
$
—

Foreign currency forward contracts
 
(313
)
 
—

 
(313
)
 
—

Total derivatives
 
$
850

 
$
—

 
$
850

 
$
—

 
 
 
Total Fair Value
Measurement
March 31, 2016
 
Quoted Price in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Lead forward contracts
 
$
(499
)
 
$
—

 
$
(499
)
 
$
—

Foreign currency forward contracts
 
(988
)
 
—

 
(988
)
 
—

Total derivatives
 
$
(1,487
)
 
$
—

 
$
(1,487
)
 
$
—



The fair values of lead forward contracts are calculated using observable prices for lead as quoted on the London Metal Exchange (“LME”) and, therefore, were classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy as described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

The fair values for foreign currency forward contracts are based upon current quoted market prices and are classified as Level 2 based on the nature of the underlying market in which these derivatives are traded.

Financial Instruments

The fair values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate carrying value due to their short maturities.

The fair value of the Company’s short-term debt and borrowings under the 2011 Credit Facility (as defined in Note 8), approximate their respective carrying value, as they are variable rate debt and the terms are comparable to market terms as of the balance sheet dates and are classified as Level 2.

The Company's Notes, with an original face value of $300,000, were issued in April 2015. The fair value of these Notes represent the trading values based upon quoted market prices and are classified as Level 2. The Notes were trading at approximately 101% and 96% of face value on March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, respectively.


72

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s derivatives and Notes at March 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

 
 
March 31, 2017
 
 
 
March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
Carrying
Amount
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
 
Carrying
Amount
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
Financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives(1)
 
$
1,163

 
  
 
$
1,163

 
  
 
$
—

 
  
 
$
—

 
  
Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes (2)
 
300,000

 
 
 
303,000

 
 
 
300,000

 
 
 
288,000

 
 
Derivatives(1)
 
$
313

 
  
 
$
313

 
  
 
$
1,487

 
  
 
$
1,487

 
  
 
(1)
Represents lead and foreign currency forward contracts (see Note 12 for asset and liability positions of the lead and foreign currency forward contracts at March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016).
(2)
The fair value amount of the Notes at March 31, 2017 at March 31, 2016 represents the trading value of the instruments.

Non-recurring fair value measurements

The valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets is based on information and assumptions available to the Company at the time of acquisition, using income and market approaches to determine fair value. The Company tests goodwill and other intangible assets annually for impairment, or when indications of potential impairment exist (see Note 1).

Goodwill is tested for impairment by determining the fair value of the Company’s reporting units. The unobservable inputs used to measure the fair value of the reporting units include projected growth rates, profitability, and the risk factor premium added to the discount rate. The remeasurement of goodwill is classified as a Level 3 fair value assessment due to the significance of unobservable inputs developed using company-specific information.

The inputs used to measure the fair value of other intangible assets were largely unobservable and accordingly were also classified as Level 3. The fair value of trademarks, is based on an estimate of the royalties saved that would have been paid to a third party had the Company not owned the trademark. The fair value of other indefinite-lived intangibles was estimated using the income approach, based on cash flow projections of revenue growth rates, taking into consideration industry and market conditions.

In connection with the annual impairment testing conducted as of January 2, 2017 for fiscal 2017, indefinite-lived trademarks associated with Purcell US and Purcell EMEA were recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at $4,300 and $3,900, respectively, and the remeasurement resulted in an impairment charge of $700 and $1,100, respectively. In determining the fair value of these assets, the Company used royalty rates ranging between 1.3%-2.5% based on comparable market rates, and used discount rates ranging between 15.0%-17.0%. 

In connection with the annual impairment testing conducted as of December 28, 2015 for fiscal 2016, indefinite-lived trademarks associated with Purcell and Quallion/ABSL US were recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at $10,000 and $990, respectively, and the remeasurement resulted in an aggregate impairment charge of $3,420. In determining the fair value of these assets, the Company used royalty rates ranging between 0.5%-2.5% based on comparable market rates, and used discount rates ranging between 16.0%-24.0%.

These charges are included under the caption "Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets" in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

12. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company utilizes derivative instruments to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices and foreign exchange rates, under established procedures and controls. The Company does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative purposes. The Company’s agreements are with creditworthy financial institutions and the Company anticipates performance by counterparties to these contracts and therefore no material loss is expected.


73

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

Lead Forward Contracts

The Company enters into lead forward contracts to fix the price for a portion of its lead purchases. Management considers the lead forward contracts to be effective against changes in the cash flows of the underlying lead purchases. The vast majority of such contracts are for a period not extending beyond one year and the notional amounts at March 31, 2017 and 2016 were 45.0 million pounds and 27.4 million pounds, respectively.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts and options to hedge a portion of the Company’s foreign currency exposures for lead as well as other foreign currency exposures so that gains and losses on these contracts offset changes in the underlying foreign currency denominated exposures. The vast majority of such contracts are for a period not extending beyond one year. As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had entered into a total of $30,751 and $18,206, respectively, of such contracts.

In the coming twelve months, the Company anticipates that $3,118 of net pretax gain relating to lead and foreign currency forward contracts will be reclassified from AOCI as part of cost of goods sold. This amount represents the current net unrealized impact of hedging lead and foreign exchange rates, which will change as market rates change in the future, and will ultimately be realized in the Consolidated Statement of Income as an offset to the corresponding actual changes in lead costs to be realized in connection with the variable lead cost and foreign exchange rates being hedged.

Derivatives not Designated in Hedging Relationships

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

The Company also enters into foreign currency forward contracts to economically hedge foreign currency fluctuations on intercompany loans and foreign currency denominated receivables and payables. These are not designated as hedging instruments and changes in fair value of these instruments are recorded directly in the Consolidated Statements of Income. As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the notional amount of these contracts was $13,560 and $11,156, respectively.


74

Presented below in tabular form is information on the location and amounts of derivative fair values in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and derivative gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income:

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
March 31, 2017 and 2016

 
 
Derivatives and Hedging Activities
Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
 
Derivatives and Hedging Activities
Not Designated as Hedging  Instruments
 
 
March 31, 2017
 
March 31, 2016
 
March 31, 2017
 
March 31, 2016
Prepaid and other current assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lead forward contracts
 
$
1,163

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Foreign currency forward contracts
 
11

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total assets
 
$
1,174

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Accrued expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lead forward contracts
 
$
—

 
$
499

 
$
—

 
$
—

Foreign currency forward contracts
 
—

 
350

 
324

 
638

Total liabilities
 
$
—

 
$
849

 
$
324

 
$
638



The Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017
 
Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
Lead forward contracts
 
$
7,907

 
Cost of goods sold
 
$
5,803

Foreign currency forward contracts
 
845

 
Cost of goods sold
 
433

Total
 
$
8,752

 
 
 
$
6,236

 
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income
on Derivative
Pretax Gain (Loss)
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other (income) expense, net
$
(471
)
Total
 
$
(471
)
 
 
 


The Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016
 
Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
Lead forward contracts
 
$
(3,361
)
 
Cost of goods sold
 
$
(11,085
)
Foreign currency forward contracts
 
(3,023
)
 
Cost of goods sold
 
3,941

Total
 
$
(6,384
)
 
 
 
$
(7,144
)
 
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income
on Derivative
Pretax Gain (Loss)
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other (income) expense, net
$
(409
)
Total
 
$
(409
)
 
 
 



75

The Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015
 
Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
 
Pretax Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion)
Lead forward contracts
 
$
(7,743
)
 
Cost of goods sold
 
$
(4,347
)
Foreign currency forward contracts
 
8,206

 
Cost of goods sold
 
1,386

Total
 
$
463

 
 
 
$
(2,961
)
 
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income
on Derivative
Pretax Gain (Loss)
Foreign currency forward contracts
Other (income) expense, net
$
972

Total
 
$
972



13. Income Taxes

 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Current income tax expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
 
$
30,362

 
$
29,082

 
$
12,299

State
 
4,855

 
4,750

 
3,044

Foreign
 
17,800

 
17,034

 
20,585

Total current income tax expense
 
53,017

 
50,866

 
35,928

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
 
857

 
(3,706
)
 
25,113

State
 
590

 
124

 
1,771

Foreign
 
8

 
2,829

 
5,002

Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)
 
1,455

 
(753
)
 
31,886

Total income tax expense
 
$
54,472

 
$
50,113

 
$
67,814



Earnings before income taxes consists of the following:
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
United States
 
$
80,436

 
$
64,235

 
$
76,327

Foreign
 
132,259

 
117,702

 
173,012

Earnings before income taxes
 
$
212,695

 
$
181,937

 
$
249,339



Income taxes paid by the Company for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were $45,332, $44,625 and $42,404, respectively.


76

The following table sets forth the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
 
$
2,419

 
$
1,450

Inventories
 
6,521

 
6,596

Net operating loss carryforwards
 
46,178

 
50,094

Accrued expenses
 
29,783

 
25,436

Other assets
 
20,282

 
22,551

Gross deferred tax assets
 
105,183

 
106,127

Less valuation allowance
 
(27,053
)
 
(25,416
)
Total deferred tax assets
 
78,130

 
80,711

Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment
 
24,319

 
25,302

Other intangible assets
 
67,388

 
65,879

Other liabilities
 
759

 
2,008

Total deferred tax liabilities
 
92,466

 
93,189

Net deferred tax liabilities
 
$
(14,336
)
 
$
(12,478
)


The Company has approximately $1,797 in United States federal net operating loss carryforwards, all of which are limited by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, with expirations between 2023 and 2027. The Company has approximately $151,340 of foreign net operating loss carryforwards, of which $110,506 may be carried forward indefinitely and $40,834 expire between fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2034. In addition, the Company also had approximately $33,263 of state net operating loss carryforwards with expirations between fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2037.

As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the federal valuation allowance was $1,050. As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the valuation allowance associated with the state tax jurisdictions was $705 and $656, respectively. As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the valuation allowance associated with certain foreign tax jurisdictions was $25,298 and $23,710, respectively. The change includes an increase of $2,001 to tax expense primarily related to net operating loss carryforwards generated in the current year that the Company believes are not more likely than not to be realized, and a decrease of $413 primarily related to currency fluctuations.

A reconciliation of income taxes at the statutory rate to the income tax provision is as follows:
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
United States statutory income tax expense (at 35%)
 
$
74,444

 
$
63,678

 
$
87,269

Increase (decrease) resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
 
State income taxes, net of federal effect
 
3,677

 
3,282

 
3,206

Nondeductible expenses, domestic manufacturing deduction and other
 
1,993

 
(1,407
)
 
8,128

Legal proceedings charge - European Competition Investigations - See Note 18
 
7,873

 
668

 
—

Goodwill impairment - See Note 5
 
3,812

 
6,475

 
5,194

Effect of foreign operations
 
(39,377
)
 
(28,845
)
 
(37,775
)
Valuation allowance
 
2,050

 
6,262

 
1,792

Income tax expense
 
$
54,472

 
$
50,113

 
$
67,814




77

The effective income tax rates for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were 25.6%, 27.5% and 27.2%, respectively. The effective income tax rate with respect to any period may be volatile based on the mix of income in the tax jurisdictions in which the Company operates and the amount of its consolidated income before taxes.
In fiscal 2017, the foreign effective income tax rate on foreign pre-tax income of $132,259 was 13.5%. In fiscal 2016, the foreign effective income tax rate on foreign pre-tax income of $117,702 was 16.9% and in fiscal 2015, the foreign effective income tax rate on foreign pre-tax income of $173,012 was 14.8%. The rate decrease in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 is primarily due to changes in the mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions and a decrease in non-deductible goodwill impairment charges compared to fiscal 2016, partially offset by an increase in non-deductible legal proceedings charge relating to the European competition investigation in fiscal 2017 compared to fiscal 2016. The rate increase in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 is primarily due to changes in the mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions and an increase in non-deductible goodwill impairment charges compared to fiscal 2015.

Income from the Company's Swiss subsidiary comprised a substantial portion of its overall foreign mix of income for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 and was taxed at approximately 5%, 7% and 7%, respectively.

The Company has not recorded United States income or foreign withholding taxes on approximately $960,000 and $878,225 of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries for fiscal years 2017 and 2016, respectively, that could be subject to taxation if remitted to the United States because the Company currently plans to keep these amounts indefinitely invested overseas. It is not practical to calculate the income tax expense that would result upon repatriation of these earnings.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The following table summarizes activity of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits:

 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
2,375

 
$
4,112

 
$
3,743

Increases related to current year tax positions
 
252

 
422

 
3,241

Increases related to prior year tax positions
 
31

 
470

 
9

Decreases related to prior tax positions due to foreign currency translation
 
(352
)
 
—

 
(85
)
Decreases related to prior year tax positions settled
 
(678
)
 
(2,315
)
 
(2,695
)
Lapse of statute of limitations
 
(178
)
 
(314
)
 
(101
)
Balance at end of year
 
$
1,450

 
$
2,375

 
$
4,112


All of the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2017, if recognized, would be included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and have a favorable impact on both the Company’s net earnings and effective tax rate.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2014.

While the net effect on total unrecognized tax benefits cannot be reasonably estimated, approximately $284 is expected to reverse in fiscal 2017 due to expiration of various statute of limitations.

The Company recognizes tax related interest and penalties in income tax expense in its Consolidated Statements of Income. As of March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had an accrual of $112 and $310, respectively, for interest and penalties.

14. Retirement Plans

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company provides retirement benefits to substantially all eligible salaried and hourly employees. The Company uses a measurement date of March 31 for its pension plans.

78


Net periodic pension cost for fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, includes the following components:
 
 
 
United States Plans
 
International Plans
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Service cost
 
$
371

 
$
482

 
$
400

 
$
871

 
$
820

 
$
767

Interest cost
 
664

 
682

 
673

 
1,848

 
1,904

 
2,546

Expected return on plan assets
 
(816
)
 
(855
)
 
(889
)
 
(1,875
)
 
(2,247
)
 
(2,248
)
Amortization and deferral
 
453

 
481

 
319

 
978

 
1,249

 
688

Curtailment loss
 
—

 
313

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net periodic benefit cost
 
$
672

 
$
1,103

 
$
503

 
$
1,822

 
$
1,726

 
$
1,753



The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the related benefit obligation, plan assets, and accrued benefit costs related to the pension benefits provided by the Company for those employees covered by defined benefit plans:
 
 
 
United States Plans
 
International Plans
 
 
March 31,
 
March 31,
  
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Change in projected benefit obligation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligation at the beginning of the period
 
$
17,649

 
$
18,059

 
$
69,134

 
$
72,091

Service cost
 
371

 
482

 
871

 
820

Interest cost
 
664

 
682

 
1,848

 
1,904

Benefits paid, inclusive of plan expenses
 
(1,057
)
 
(912
)
 
(1,982
)
 
(1,944
)
Plan curtailments and settlements
 
—

 
(120
)
 
(17
)
 
—

Actuarial (gains) losses
 
(945
)
 
(542
)
 
11,863

 
(4,144
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
—

 
—

 
(7,239
)
 
407

Benefit obligation at the end of the period
 
$
16,682

 
$
17,649

 
$
74,478

 
$
69,134



Change in plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the period
 
$
11,839

 
$
12,379

 
$
32,314

 
$
34,401

Actual return on plan assets
 
1,455

 
(124
)
 
6,669

 
(591
)
Employer contributions
 
494

 
496

 
1,640

 
1,504

Benefits paid, inclusive of plan expenses
 
(1,057
)
 
(912
)
 
(1,982
)
 
(1,944
)
Plan curtailments and settlements
 
—

 
—

 
(17
)
 
—

Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
—

 
—

 
(4,301
)
 
(1,056
)
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the period
 
$
12,731

 
$
11,839

 
$
34,323

 
$
32,314

Funded status deficit
 
$
(3,951
)
 
$
(5,810
)
 
$
(40,155
)
 
$
(36,820
)
 

 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:
 
 
 
 
Noncurrent assets
 
$
46

 
$
—

Accrued expenses
 
(1,222
)
 
(1,321
)
Other liabilities
 
(42,930
)
 
(41,309
)
 
 
$
(44,106
)
 
$
(42,630
)



79

The following table represents pension components (before tax) and related changes (before tax) recognized in AOCI for the Company’s pension plans for the years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Amounts recorded in AOCI before taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prior service cost
 
$
(377
)
 
$
(445
)
 
$
(800
)
Net loss
 
(28,475
)
 
(26,628
)
 
(28,734
)
Net amount recognized
 
$
(28,852
)
 
$
(27,073
)
 
$
(29,534
)
 

 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss (gain) arising during the year
 
5,485

 
(988
)
 
13,831

Effect of exchange rates on amounts included in AOCI
 
(2,275
)
 
142

 
(3,565
)
Amounts recognized as a component of net periodic benefit costs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of prior service cost
 
(42
)
 
(382
)
 
(101
)
Amortization or settlement recognition of net loss
 
(1,389
)
 
(1,661
)
 
(906
)
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss
 
$
1,779

 
$
(2,889
)
 
$
9,259



The amounts included in AOCI as of March 31, 2017 that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic pension cost during the next twelve months are as follows:
 
Prior service cost
$
(42
)
Net loss
(1,633
)
Net amount expected to be recognized
$
(1,675
)
 
 


The accumulated benefit obligation related to all defined benefit pension plans and information related to unfunded and underfunded defined benefit pension plans at the end of each year are as follows:
 
 
 
United States Plans
 
International Plans
 
 
March 31,
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
All defined benefit plans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated benefit obligation
 
$
16,682

 
$
17,649

 
$
70,801

 
$
65,732

Unfunded defined benefit plans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
28,623

 
$
30,272

Accumulated benefit obligation
 
—

 
—

 
27,220

 
28,875

Defined benefit plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of the fair value of plan assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
$
16,682

 
$
17,649

 
$
73,920

 
$
69,134

Fair value of plan assets
 
12,731

 
11,839

 
33,719

 
32,314

Defined benefit plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of the fair value of plan assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
$
16,682

 
$
17,649

 
$
73,920

 
$
69,134

Accumulated benefit obligation
 
16,682

 
17,649

 
70,281

 
65,732

Fair value of plan assets
 
12,731

 
11,839

 
33,719

 
32,314




80

Assumptions

Significant assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit cost for the U.S. and International plans were as follows:
 
 
 
United States Plans
 
International Plans
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Discount rate
 
3.9
%
 
3.8
%
 
4.5
%
 
1.8-3.7%
 
1.25-3.4%
 
3.0-4.6%
Expected return on plan assets
 
7.0

 
7.0

 
7.8

 
3.3-6.5
 
3.2-6.5
 
4.4-7.0
Rate of compensation increase
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
N/A

 
1.5-4.0
 
1.5-3.75
 
2.0-4.0

N/A = not applicable

Significant assumptions used to determine the projected benefit obligations for the U.S. and International plans were as follows:
 
 
 
United States Plans
 
International Plans
 
 
March 31,
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Discount rate
 
4.1
%
 
3.9
%
 
1.5-3.5%
 
1.8-3.7%
Rate of compensation increase
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
1.5-4.0
 
1.5-4.0
 
N/A = not applicable

The United States plans do not include compensation in the formula for determining the pension benefit as it is based solely on years of service.

The expected long-term rate of return for the Company’s pension plan assets is based upon the target asset allocation and is determined using forward looking assumptions in the context of historical returns and volatilities for each asset class, as well as, correlations among asset classes. The Company evaluates the rate of return assumptions for each of its plans on an annual basis.

Pension Plan Investment Strategy

The Company’s investment policy emphasizes a balanced approach to investing in securities of high quality and ready marketability. Investment flexibility is encouraged so as not to exclude opportunities available through a diversified investment strategy.

Equity investments are maintained within a target range of 40%-75% of the total portfolio market value for the U.S. plans and with a target of approximately 65% for international plans. Investments in debt securities include issues of various maturities, and the average quality rating of bonds should be investment grade with a minimum quality rating of “B” at the time of purchase.

The Company periodically reviews the asset allocation of its portfolio. The proportion committed to equities, debt securities and cash and cash equivalents is a function of the values available in each category and risk considerations. The plan’s overall return will be compared to and expected to meet or exceed established benchmark funds and returns over a three to five year period.

The objectives of the Company’s investment strategies are: (a) the achievement of a reasonable long-term rate of total return consistent with an emphasis on preservation of capital and purchasing power,(b) stability of annual returns through a portfolio that reflects a conservative mix of risk versus return, and (c) reflective of the Company’s willingness to forgo significantly above-average rewards in order to minimize above-average risks. These objectives may not be met each year but should be attained over a reasonable period of time.

81

The following table represents the Company's pension plan investments measured at fair value as of March 31, 2017 and 2016 and the basis for that measurement:
 
 
 
March 31, 2017
 
 
United States Plans
 
International Plans
 
 
Total Fair
Value
Measurement
 
Quoted Price
In Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total Fair
Value
Measurement
 
Quoted Price
In Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Asset category:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
305

 
$
305

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
88

 
$
88

 
$
—

 
$
—

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
US(a)
 
8,363

 
8,363

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

International(b)
 
1,050

 
1,050

 
—

 
—

 
22,727

 
—

 
22,727

 
—

Fixed income(c)
 
3,013

 
3,013

 
—

 
—

 
11,508

 
—

 
11,508

 
—

Total
 
$
12,731

 
$
12,731

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
34,323

 
$
88

 
$
34,235

 
$
—

 
 
 
March 31, 2016
 
 
United States Plans
 
International Plans
 
 
Total Fair
Value
Measurement
 
Quoted Price
In Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
Fair Value
Measurement
 
Quoted Price
In Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Asset category:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
928

 
$
928

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
US(a)
 
7,324

 
7,324

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

International(b)
 
1,015

 
1,015

 
—

 
—

 
21,439

 
—

 
21,439

 
—

Fixed income(c)
 
2,572

 
2,572

 
—

 
—

 
10,875

 
—

 
10,875

 
—

Total
 
$
11,839

 
$
11,839

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
32,314

 
$
—

 
$
32,314

 
$
—



The fair values presented above were determined based on valuation techniques to measure fair value as discussed in Note 1.
 
(a)
US equities include companies that are well diversified by industry sector and equity style (i.e., growth and value strategies). Active and passive management strategies are employed. Investments are primarily in large capitalization stocks and, to a lesser extent, mid- and small-cap stocks.
(b)
International equities are invested in companies that are traded on exchanges outside the U.S. and are well diversified by industry sector, country and equity style. Active and passive strategies are employed. The vast majority of the investments are made in companies in developed markets with a small percentage in emerging markets.
(c)
Fixed income consists primarily of investment grade bonds from diversified industries.

The Company expects to make cash contributions of approximately $2,182 to its pension plans in fiscal 2018.

Estimated future benefit payments under the Company’s pension plans are as follows:
 
 
 
2018
$
2,483

2019
2,560

2020
2,749

2021
3,131

2022
3,324

Years 2023-2027
20,230



82

Defined Contribution Plan

The Company maintains defined contribution plans primarily in the U.S. and U.K. Eligible employees can contribute a portion of their pre-tax and/or after-tax income in accordance with plan guidelines and the Company will make contributions based on the employees’ eligible pay and/or will match a percentage of the employee contributions up to certain limits. Matching contributions charged to expense for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were $7,447, $6,730 and $7,174, respectively.

15. Stockholders’ Equity and Noncontrolling Interests

Preferred Stock and Common Stock

The Company’s certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Preferred Stock”). At March 31, 2017 and 2016, no shares of Preferred Stock were issued or outstanding. The Board of Directors of the Company has the authority to specify the terms of any Preferred Stock at the time of issuance.

The following demonstrates the change in the number of shares of common stock outstanding during fiscal years ended March 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively:
 
 
 
Shares outstanding as of March 31, 2014
46,942,126

Purchase of treasury stock
(3,274,829
)
Shares issued towards equity-based compensation plans, net of equity awards surrendered for option price and taxes
401,291

Shares outstanding as of March 31, 2015
44,068,588

Purchase of treasury stock
(3,216,654
)
Shares issued from treasury stock to settle conversion premium on Convertible Notes
1,889,431

Shares issued towards equity-based compensation plans, net of equity awards surrendered for option price and taxes
448,137

Shares outstanding as of March 31, 2016
43,189,502

Shares issued towards equity-based compensation plans, net of equity awards surrendered for option price and taxes
258,034

Shares outstanding as of March 31, 2017
43,447,536



Treasury Stock

There were no repurchases of treasury stock during fiscal 2017. In fiscal 2016, the Company purchased 3,216,654 shares of its common stock for $178,244. Of the shares purchased in fiscal 2016, 2,961,444 were acquired through an accelerated share repurchase program for a total cash investment of $166,392 at an average price of $56.19. At March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company held 10,923,274 shares as treasury stock.

Treasury Stock Reissuance

In fiscal 2016, the Company settled the conversion premium on the Convertible Notes by issuing 1,889,431 shares from its treasury stock. The reissuance was recorded on a last-in, first-out method, and the difference between the repurchase cost and the fair value at reissuance was recorded as an adjustment to stockholders' equity.


83

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI")

The components of AOCI, net of tax, are as follows:
 
 
 
Beginning
Balance
 
Before Reclassifications
 
Amount Reclassified from AOCI
 
Ending
Balance
March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension funded status adjustment
 
$
(21,861
)
 
$
(4,659
)
 
$
965

 
$
(25,555
)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments
 
388

 
5,523

 
(3,936
)
 
1,975

Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(75,876
)
 
(53,368
)
 
—

 
(129,244
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
$
(97,349
)
 
$
(52,504
)
 
$
(2,971
)
 
$
(152,824
)
March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension funded status adjustment
 
$
(23,719
)
 
$
298

 
$
1,560

 
$
(21,861
)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments
 
(95
)
 
(4,027
)
 
4,510

 
388

Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(85,161
)
 
9,285

 
—

 
(75,876
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
$
(108,975
)
 
$
5,556

 
$
6,070

 
$
(97,349
)
March 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension funded status adjustment
 
$
(15,207
)
 
$
(9,259
)
 
$
747

 
$
(23,719
)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments
 
(2,253
)
 
289

 
1,869

 
(95
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
85,305

 
(170,466
)
 
—

 
(85,161
)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
 
$
67,845

 
$
(179,436
)
 
$
2,616

 
$
(108,975
)


The following table presents reclassifications from AOCI during the twelve months ended March 31, 2017:

Components of AOCI
 
Amounts Reclassified from AOCI
 
Location of (Gain) Loss Recognized on Income Statement
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships:
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments
 
$
(6,236
)
 
Cost of goods sold
Tax expense
 
2,300

 
 
Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments, net of tax
 
$
(3,936
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Defined benefit pension costs:
 
 
 
 
Prior service costs and deferrals
 
$
1,431

 
Net periodic benefit cost, included in cost of goods sold and operating expenses - See Note 14
Tax benefit
 
(466
)
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost, net of tax
 
$
965

 
 


84

The following table presents reclassifications from AOCI during the twelve months ended March 31, 2016:

Components of AOCI
 
Amounts Reclassified from AOCI
 
Location of (Gain) Loss Recognized on Income Statement
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships:
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments
 
$
7,144

 
Cost of goods sold
Tax benefit
 
(2,634
)
 
 
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments, net of tax
 
$
4,510

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Defined benefit pension costs:
 
 
 
 
Prior service costs and deferrals
 
$
2,043

 
Net periodic benefit cost, included in cost of goods sold and operating expenses - See Note 14
Tax benefit
 
(483
)
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost, net of tax
 
$
1,560

 
 

The following table presents reclassifications from AOCI during the twelve months ended March 31, 2015:

Components of AOCI
 
Amounts Reclassified from AOCI
 
Location of (Gain) Loss Recognized on Income Statement
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships:
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments
 
$
2,961

 
Cost of goods sold
Tax benefit
 
(1,092
)
 
 
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments, net of tax
 
$
1,869

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Defined benefit pension costs:
 
 
 
 
Prior service costs and deferrals
 
$
1,007

 
Net periodic benefit cost, included in cost of goods sold and operating expenses - See Note 14
Tax benefit
 
(260
)
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost, net of tax
 
$
747

 
 


85

The following demonstrates the change in redeemable noncontrolling interests during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively:
 
 
 
Balance as of March 31, 2014
$
8,047

Net earnings attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
191

Redemption value adjustment
(292
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(990
)
Balance as of March 31, 2015
$
6,956

Net losses attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
(4,272
)
Redemption value adjustment
4,272

Other
109

Foreign currency translation adjustment
(1,068
)
Balance as of March 31, 2016
$
5,997

Net losses attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
(2,021
)
Deconsolidation of joint venture
(4,035
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
59

Balance as of March 31, 2017
$
—



16. Stock-Based Compensation

As of March 31, 2017, the Company maintains the Second Amended and Restated EnerSys 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (“2010 EIP”). The 2010 EIP reserved 3,177,477 shares of common stock for the grant of various classes of nonqualified stock options, restricted stock units, market share units and other forms of equity-based compensation. Shares subject to any awards that expire without being exercised or that are forfeited or settled in cash shall again be available for future grants of awards under the 2010 EIP. Shares subject to awards that have been retained by the Company in payment or satisfaction of the exercise price and any applicable tax withholding obligation of an award shall not count against the limit described above.

As of March 31, 2017, 823,554 shares are available for future grants. The Company’s management equity incentive plans are intended to provide an incentive to employees and non-employee directors of the Company to remain in the service of the Company and to increase their interest in the success of the Company in order to promote the long-term interests of the Company. The plans seek to promote the highest level of performance by providing an economic interest in the long-term performance of the Company. The Company settles employee share-based compensation awards with newly issued shares.

Stock Options

During fiscal 2017, the Company granted to management and other key employees 242,068 non-qualified options that vest 3 years from the date of grant. Options granted prior to fiscal 2017, as well as the options granted in fiscal 2017 expire 10 years from the date of grant.

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense relating to stock options of $1,705 with a related tax benefit of $457 for fiscal 2017, $1,419 with a related tax benefit of $477 for fiscal 2016 and $1,470 with a related tax benefit of $502 for fiscal 2015.

For purposes of determining the fair value of stock options granted in fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016, the Company used a Black-Scholes Model with the following assumptions:

 
 
2017
 
2016
2015
Risk-free interest rate
 
1.41
%
 
1.79
%
1.94
%
Dividend yield
 
1.22
%
 
1.02
%
1.00
%
Expected life (years)
 
6

 
6

6

Volatility
 
30.4
%
 
32.75
%
40.48
%


86

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity in the years indicated:
 
 
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contract
Term (Years)
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Options outstanding as of March 31, 2014
 
66,173

 
1.4
 
$
14.77

 
$
3,608

Granted
 
76,512

 
 
 
69.85

 
—

Exercised
 
(39,868
)
 
 
 
14.50

 
1,819

Options outstanding as of March 31, 2015
 
102,817

 
7.0
 
$
55.86

 
$
1,291

Granted
 
127,966

 
 
 
68.40

 
—

Exercised
 
(11,986
)
 
 
 
14.64

 
639

Expired
 
(8,500
)
 
 
 
—

 
—

Options outstanding as of March 31, 2016
 
210,297

 
8.5
 
$
67.54

 
$
218

Granted
 
242,068

 
 
 
57.60

—

—

Exercised
 
(263
)
 
 
 
18.25

—

12

Expired
 
(434
)
 
 
 
—

 
—

Options outstanding as of March 31, 2017
 
451,668

 
8.4
 
$
62.29

 
$
7,520

Options exercisable as of March 31, 2017
 
98,788

 
7.2
 
$
66.55

 
$
1,224

Options vested and expected to vest, as of March 31, 2017
 
442,808

 
8.4
 
$
62.36

 
$
7,340



The following table summarizes information regarding stock options outstanding as of March 31, 2017:
 
 
 
Options Outstanding
Range of Exercise Prices
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
$15.01-$20.00
 
5,122

 
0.2
 
$
18.34

$55.01-$60.00
 
242,068

 
9.1
 
57.60

$65-01-$69.85
 
204,478

 
7.7
 
68.94

 
 
451,668

 
8.4
 
$
62.29


 
Restricted Stock Units and Market Share Units

In fiscal 2017, the Company granted to non-employee directors 25,708 deferred restricted stock units at the fair value of $69.97 per restricted stock unit at the date of grant. In fiscal 2016, such grants amounted to 28,970 restricted stock units at the fair value of $55.32 per restricted stock unit at the date of grant and in fiscal 2015, amounted to 14,781 restricted stock units at the fair value of $61.16 per restricted stock unit at the date of grant. The awards vest immediately upon the date of grant and are payable in shares of common stock six months after termination of service as a director.

In fiscal 2017, the Company granted 1,239 restricted stock units and in fiscal 2016 and 2015, granted 565 and 3,434 restricted stock units, respectively, at various fair values, under deferred compensation plans.

In fiscal 2017, the Company granted to management and other key employees 237,358 restricted stock units at the fair value of $57.60 per restricted stock unit and 83,720 performance market share units at a weighted average fair value of $70.79 per unit at the date of grant.

In fiscal 2016, the Company granted to management and other key employees 120,287 restricted stock units at the fair value of $68.40 per restricted stock unit and 212,635 performance market share units at a weighted average fair value of $59.94 per market share unit at the date of grant.


87

In fiscal 2015, the Company granted to management and other key employees 118,312 restricted stock units at the fair value of $69.83 per restricted stock unit and 152,300 market share units at a weighted average fair value of $70.42 per market share unit at the date of grant.

For purposes of determining the fair value of performance market share units granted in fiscal 2017, fiscal 2016, and fiscal 2015, the Company used a Monte Carlo Simulation with the following assumptions:

 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Risk-free interest rate
 
0.94
%
 
1.00
%
 
0.87
%
Dividend yield
 
—
%
 
—
%
 
—
%
Expected life (years)
 
3

 
3

 
3

Volatility
 
31.74
%
 
25.52
%
 
30.83
%


A summary of the changes in restricted stock units and market share units awarded to employees and directors that were outstanding under the Company’s equity compensation plans during fiscal 2017 is presented below:

 
 
Restricted Stock Units (RSU)
 
Performance Market Share Units and Market Share Units (MSU)
 
 
Number of
RSU
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Number of
MSU
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Non-vested awards as of March 31, 2016
 
502,440

 
$
51.26

 
548,946

 
$
64.46

Granted
 
264,305

 
56.40

 
83,720

 
70.79

Stock dividend
 
5,943

 
51.82

 
4,357

 
65.41

Performance factor
 
—

 
—

 
45,065

 
65.03

Vested
 
(160,453
)
 
50.63

 
(232,947
)
 
65.03

Canceled
 
(11,960
)
 
63.02

 
—

 
—

Non-vested awards as of March 31, 2017
 
600,275

 
$
51.96

 
449,141

 
$
65.41



The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense relating to restricted stock units and market share units of $17,480, with a related tax benefit of $4,210 for fiscal 2017, $18,184, with a related tax benefit of $4,446 for fiscal 2016 and $23,789, with a related tax benefit of $4,790 for fiscal 2015.

All Award Plans

As of March 31, 2017, unrecognized compensation expense associated with the non-vested incentive awards outstanding was $30,113 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 19 months.

17. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the reconciliation from basic to diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and the calculations of net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders.
 

88

 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
160,214

 
$
136,150

 
$
181,188

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
43,389,333

 
44,276,713

 
45,606,317

Dilutive effect of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common shares from exercise and lapse of equity awards, net of shares assumed reacquired
 
623,210

 
644,036

 
879,406

Convertible Notes
 
—

 
553,381

 
1,567,006

Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
 
44,012,543

 
45,474,130

 
48,052,729

Basic earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
3.69

 
$
3.08

 
$
3.97

Diluted earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
$
3.64

 
$
2.99

 
$
3.77

Anti-dilutive equity awards not included in diluted weighted-average common shares
 
1,295

 
—

 
—



In fiscal 2016, the Company paid $172,388, in aggregate, towards the principal balance of the Convertible Notes, including accreted interest, cash equivalent of fractional shares issued towards conversion premium and settled the conversion premium by issuing, in the aggregate, 1,889,431 shares of its common stock, which were included in the diluted weighted average shares outstanding for the period prior to the extinguishment.

18. Commitments, Contingencies and Litigation

Litigation and Other Legal Matters

In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are routinely defendants in or parties to many pending and threatened legal actions and proceedings, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. These actions and proceedings are generally based on alleged violations of environmental, anticompetition, employment, contract and other laws. In some of these actions and proceedings, claims for substantial monetary damages are asserted against the Company and its subsidiaries. In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to regulatory and governmental examinations, information gathering requests, inquiries, investigations, and threatened legal actions and proceedings. In connection with formal and informal inquiries by federal, state, local and foreign agencies, such subsidiaries receive numerous requests, subpoenas and orders for documents, testimony and information in connection with various aspects of their activities.

European Competition Investigations

Certain of the Company’s European subsidiaries have received subpoenas and requests for documents and, in some cases, interviews from, and have had on-site inspections conducted by the competition authorities of Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands relating to conduct and anticompetitive practices of certain industrial battery participants. The Company is responding to inquiries related to these matters. The Company settled the Belgian regulatory proceeding in February 2016 by acknowledging certain anticompetitive practices and conduct and agreeing to pay a fine of $1,962, which was paid in March 2016. As of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, the Company had a reserve balance of $1,830 and $2,038, respectively, relating to the Belgian regulatory proceeding. The change in the reserve balance between March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 was solely due to foreign currency translation impact. As of January 1, 2017, the Company had estimated an aggregate range of possible loss associated with the German regulatory proceeding of $17,000 to $26,000 and reserved $17,000 with respect to the German regulatory proceeding. Based on the continued evolution of facts and its interactions with the German competition authority in regard to this matter, the Company has further refined its estimate for a portion of this proceeding to be $13,463 as of March 31, 2017. The Company does not believe that an estimate can be made at this time given the current stage of the remaining portion of this proceeding. For the Dutch regulatory proceeding, the Company reserved $10,258 as of March 31, 2017. As of March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, the Company had a total reserve balance of $25,551 and $2,038, respectively, in connection with these remaining investigations and other related legal matters, included in accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The foregoing estimate of losses is based upon currently available information for these proceedings. However, the precise scope, timing and time period at issue, as well as the final outcome of the investigations or

89

customer claims, remain uncertain. Accordingly, the Company’s estimate may change from time to time, and actual losses could vary.

Altergy

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, the Company recorded a $58,184 legal proceedings charge in connection with an adverse arbitration result involving disputes between the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, EnerSys Delaware Inc. (“EDI”), and Altergy Systems (“Altergy”). In accordance with the final term sheet, EDI paid Altergy $40,000 in settlement of this award. Altergy paid $2,000 to purchase EDI’s entire equity interest in Altergy. Since the full amount of the initial award of $58,184 was recorded in fiscal 2014, the Company reversed approximately $16,233, net of professional fees, from this previously recorded legal proceedings charge in fiscal 2015 and $799 in fiscal 2016. The Company also included the $2,000 received in exchange for its equity interest in Altergy in the Consolidated Statements of Income in Other (income) expense, net in fiscal 2015. The Company had previously written off the carrying value of the investment of $5,000 in fiscal 2014.

Environmental Issues

As a result of its operations, the Company is subject to various federal, state and local, as well as international environmental laws and regulations and is exposed to the costs and risks of registering, handling, processing, storing, transporting, and disposing of hazardous substances, especially lead and acid. The Company’s operations are also subject to federal, state, local and international occupational safety and health regulations, including laws and regulations relating to exposure to lead in the workplace.

The Company is responsible for certain cleanup obligations at the former Yuasa battery facility in Sumter, South Carolina that predates its ownership of this facility. This manufacturing facility was closed in 2001 and the Company established a reserve for this facility which was $1,123 as of March 31, 2017 and 2016. Based on current information, the Company’s management believes this reserve is adequate to satisfy the Company’s environmental liabilities at this facility. This facility is separate from the Company’s current metal fabrication facility in Sumter.

Collective Bargaining

At March 31, 2017, the Company had approximately 9,400 employees. Of these employees, approximately 29% were covered by collective bargaining agreements. Employees covered by collective bargaining agreements that did not exceed twelve months were approximately 7% of the total workforce. The average term of these agreements is 2 years, with the longest term being 3 years. The Company considers its employee relations to be good and did not experience any significant labor unrest or disruption of production during fiscal 2017.

Lead Contracts

To stabilize its costs, the Company has entered into contracts with financial institutions to fix the price of lead. The vast majority of such contracts are for a period not extending beyond one year. Under these contracts, at March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company has hedged the price to purchase approximately 45.0 million pounds and 27.4 million pounds of lead, respectively, for a total purchase price of $46,550 and $21,628, respectively.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

The Company quantifies and monitors its global foreign currency exposures. On a selective basis, the Company will enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts to reduce the volatility from currency movements that affect the Company. The vast majority of such contracts are for a period not extending beyond one year. The Company’s largest exposure is from the purchase and conversion of U.S. dollar based lead costs into local currencies in EMEA. Additionally, the Company has currency exposures from intercompany financing and intercompany and third-party trade transactions. To hedge these exposures, the Company has entered into a total of $44,311 and $29,362, respectively, of foreign currency forward contracts and options with financial institutions as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Other

The Company has various purchase and capital commitments incident to the ordinary conduct of business. In the aggregate, such commitments are not at prices in excess of current market.


90

19. Restructuring and Other Exit Charges

Restructuring Plans

During fiscal 2013, the Company announced a restructuring related to improving the efficiency of its manufacturing operations in EMEA. This program was completed during the third quarter of fiscal 2016. Total charges for this program were $6,895, primarily for cash expenses of $5,496 for employee severance-related payments of approximately 140 employees and non-cash expenses of $1,399 associated with the write-off of certain fixed assets and inventory. The Company incurred $5,207 of costs against the accrual through fiscal 2015, and incurred $271 in costs against the accrual during fiscal 2016.

During fiscal 2014, the Company announced further restructuring programs to improve the efficiency of its manufacturing, sales and engineering operations in EMEA including the restructuring of its manufacturing operations in Bulgaria. The restructuring of the Bulgaria operations was announced during the third quarter of fiscal 2014 and consisted of the transfer of motive power and a portion of reserve power battery manufacturing to the Company's facilities in Western Europe. This program was completed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016. Total charges for this program were $22,930 primarily for cash expenses of $11,996 for employee severance-related payments of approximately 500 employees and other charges and non-cash expenses of $10,934 associated with the write-off of certain fixed assets and inventory. The Company recorded restructuring charges of $22,115 through fiscal 2015, consisting of non-cash charges of $10,934 and cash charges of $11,181 and recorded an additional $1,229 in cash charges and a favorable accrual adjustment of $414 during fiscal 2016. The Company incurred $9,737 of costs against the accrual through fiscal 2015, and incurred $2,068 in costs against the accrual during fiscal 2016.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2015, the Company announced a restructuring related to its manufacturing facility located in Jiangdu, the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), pursuant to which the Company completed the transfer of the manufacturing at that location to its other facilities in PRC, as part of the closure of the Jiangdu facility in the first quarter of fiscal 2016. This program was completed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016. Total charges for this program were $5,291 primarily for cash expenses of $4,893 for employee severance-related payments of approximately 300 employees and other charges and non-cash expenses of $398. The Company recorded cash restructuring charges of $3,870 during fiscal 2015 and recorded an additional $1,023 in cash charges and $398 in non-cash charges during fiscal 2016. The Company incurred $1,874 of costs against the accrual through fiscal 2015, and incurred $2,970 in costs against the accrual during fiscal 2016.

During fiscal 2015, the Company announced a restructuring primarily related to a portion of its sales and engineering organizations in Europe to improve efficiencies. This program was completed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016. Total charges for this program were $804 for cash expenses for employee severance-related payments of approximately 15 employees. The Company recorded cash restructuring charges of $450 during fiscal 2015 and recorded an additional $354 during fiscal 2016. The Company incurred $193 of costs against the accrual through fiscal 2015, and incurred $698 in costs against the accrual during fiscal 2016.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2016, the Company completed a restructuring related to a reduction of two executives associated with one of Americas’ recent acquisitions to improve efficiencies. The Company recorded total severance-related charges of $570, all of which was paid during the first quarter of fiscal 2016, primarily per the terms of a pre-existing employee agreement.

During fiscal 2016, the Company announced restructurings to improve efficiencies primarily related to its motive power assembly and distribution center in Italy and its sales and administration organizations in EMEA. In addition, the Company announced a further restructuring related to its manufacturing operations in Europe. The Company estimates that the total charges for these actions will amount to approximately $6,700, primarily from cash charges for employee severance-related payments and other charges. The Company estimates that these actions will result in the reduction of approximately 135 employees upon completion. In fiscal 2016, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $5,232 and recorded an additional $1,251 during fiscal 2017. The Company incurred $2,993 in costs against the accrual in fiscal 2016 and incurred an additional $3,037 against the accrual during fiscal 2017. As of March 31, 2017, the reserve balance associated with these actions is $393. The Company expects to be committed to an additional $200 of restructuring charges related to these actions during fiscal 2018, and expects to complete the program during fiscal 2018.

During fiscal 2016, the Company announced a restructuring related to improving the efficiency of its manufacturing operations in the Americas. The program, which was completed during the first quarter of fiscal 2017, consisted of closing its Cleveland, Ohio charger manufacturing facility and the transfer of charger production to other Americas manufacturing facilities. The total charges for all actions associated with this program amounted to $2,379, primarily from cash charges for employee severance-related payments and other charges of $1,043, along with a pension curtailment charge of $313 and non-cash charges related to

91

the accelerated depreciation of fixed assets of $1,023. The program resulted in the reduction of approximately 100 employees at its Cleveland facility. In fiscal 2016, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $1,488 including a pension curtailment charge of $313 and non-cash charges of $305 and recorded an additional $174 in cash charges and $718 in non-cash charges during the first quarter of fiscal 2017. The Company incurred $119 in costs against the accrual in fiscal 2016 and incurred an additional $924 against the accrual during the first quarter of fiscal 2017.

During fiscal 2017, the Company announced restructuring programs to improve efficiencies primarily related to its motive power production in EMEA. The Company estimates that the total charges for these actions will amount to approximately $5,000, primarily from cash charges for employee severance-related payments and other charges. The Company estimates that these actions will result in the reduction of approximately 45 employees upon completion. During fiscal 2017, the Company recorded restructuring charges of $3,104 and incurred $749 in costs against the accrual. As of March 31, 2017, the reserve balance associated with these actions is $2,290. The Company expects to be committed to an additional $1,900 in restructuring charges related to this action in fiscal 2018, when it expects to complete this program.

During fiscal 2017, the Company announced restructurings primarily to complete the transfer of equipment and clean-up of its manufacturing facility located in Jiangdu, the People’s Republic of China, which stopped production during the first quarter of fiscal 2016. The Company estimates that the total cash charges for these actions will amount to $779. During fiscal 2017, the Company recorded charges of $779 and incurred $648 in costs against the accrual. As of March 31, 2017, the reserve balance associated with these actions is $129. The Company expects no further charges related to this action in fiscal 2018, when it expects to complete this program.

A roll-forward of the restructuring reserve is as follows:
 
 
 
Employee
Severance
 

Other
 
Total
Balance at March 31, 2014
 
$
7,312

 
$
1,102

 
$
8,414

Accrued
 
6,140

 
843

 
6,983

Costs incurred
 
(10,378
)
 
(803
)
 
(11,181
)
Foreign currency impact and other
 
(108
)
 
(288
)
 
(396
)
Balance at March 31, 2015
 
$
2,966

 
$
854

 
$
3,820

Accrued
 
8,859

 
419

 
9,278

Accrual adjustments
 
—

 
(414
)
 
(414
)
Costs incurred
 
(8,817
)
 
(872
)
 
(9,689
)
Foreign currency impact and other
 
(44
)
 
38

 
(6
)
Balance at March 31, 2016
 
$
2,964

 
$
25

 
$
2,989

Accrued
 
4,566

 
742

 
5,308

Costs incurred
 
(4,754
)
 
(604
)
 
(5,358
)
Foreign currency impact and other
 
(108
)
 
(19
)
 
(127
)
Balance at March 31, 2017
 
$
2,668

 
$
144

 
$
2,812



Other Exit Charges

During fiscal 2017, the Company recorded additional exit charges of $3,292 related to the South Africa joint venture, consisting of cash charges of $2,575 primarily relating to severance and non-cash charges of $717. Included in the non-cash charges are $2,157 relating to the inventory adjustment which is reported in cost of goods sold, partially offset by a credit of $1,099 relating to a change in estimate of contract losses and a $341 gain on deconsolidation of the joint venture. Weakening of the general economic environment in South Africa, reflecting the limited growth in the mining industry, affected the joint venture’s ability to compete effectively in the marketplace and consequently, the Company initiated an exit plan in consultation with its joint venture partner in the second quarter of fiscal 2017. The joint venture is currently under liquidation resulting in a loss of control and deconsolidation of the joint venture. The impact of the deconsolidation has been reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income and was deemed not material.

During fiscal 2016, the Company recorded exit charges of $3,098 related to certain operations in Europe.



92

20. Warranty

The Company provides for estimated product warranty expenses when the related products are sold, with related liabilities included within accrued expenses and other liabilities. As warranty estimates are forecasts that are based on the best available information, primarily historical claims experience, claims costs may differ from amounts provided. An analysis of changes in the liability for product warranties is as follows:

 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
48,422

 
$
39,810

 
$
40,426

Current year provisions
 
17,852

 
19,735

 
18,413

Costs incurred
 
(15,945
)
 
(13,998
)
 
(16,015
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
(4,213
)
 
2,875

 
(3,014
)
Balance at end of year
 
$
46,116

 
$
48,422

 
$
39,810



21. Other (Income) Expense, Net

Other (income) expense, net consists of the following: 

 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Foreign exchange transaction (gains) losses
 
$
(662
)
 
$
5,425

 
$
(5,011
)
Gain on disposition of equity interest in Altergy
 
—

 
—

 
(2,000
)
Other
 
1,631

 
294

 
1,409

Total
 
$
969

 
$
5,719

 
$
(5,602
)



93

22. Business Segments

Summarized financial information related to the Company’s reportable segments at March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 and for each of the fiscal years then ended is shown below.
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Net sales by segment to unaffiliated customers
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
$
1,332,353

 
$
1,276,027

 
$
1,322,337

EMEA
 
763,013

 
787,402

 
948,845

Asia
 
271,783

 
252,820

 
234,330

Total net sales
 
$
2,367,149

 
$
2,316,249

 
$
2,505,512

Net sales by product line
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve power
 
$
1,142,327

 
$
1,109,154

 
$
1,252,637

Motive power
 
1,224,822

 
1,207,095

 
1,252,875

Total net sales
 
$
2,367,149

 
$
2,316,249

 
$
2,505,512

Intersegment sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
$
26,039

 
$
32,984

 
$
29,987

EMEA
 
93,150

 
78,812

 
69,396

Asia
 
22,584

 
23,590

 
33,786

Total intersegment sales(1)
 
$
141,773

 
$
135,386

 
$
133,169

Operating earnings
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
$
191,500

 
$
182,774

 
$
162,741

EMEA
 
76,425

 
75,666

 
109,861

Asia
 
14,994

 
570

 
9,928

Inventory adjustment relating to exit activities—EMEA
 
(2,157
)
 
—

 
—

Restructuring charges—Americas
 
(892
)
 
(2,058
)
 
—

Restructuring and other exit charges—EMEA
 
(5,487
)
 
(9,501
)
 
(7,567
)
Restructuring charges—Asia
 
(781
)
 
(1,419
)
 
(3,869
)
Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles—Americas
 
(9,346
)
 
(32,999
)
 
(23,196
)
Impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and fixed assets—EMEA
 
(4,670
)
 
(3,253
)
 
(750
)
Reversal of legal accrual, net of fees—Americas
 
—

 
799

 
16,233

Legal proceedings charge—EMEA
 
(23,725
)
 
(4,000
)
 
—

Gain on sale of facility—Asia
 
—

 
3,420

 
—

Total operating earnings(2)
 
$
235,861

 
$
209,999

 
$
263,381

Property, plant and equipment, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
$
190,169

 
$
177,720

 
$
168,274

EMEA
 
100,042

 
112,839

 
114,681

Asia
 
58,338

 
66,850

 
73,899

Total
 
$
348,549

 
$
357,409

 
$
356,854

Capital Expenditures
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
$
34,809

 
$
39,127

 
$
34,768

EMEA
 
13,733

 
12,625

 
16,215

Asia
 
1,530

 
4,128

 
12,642

Total
 
$
50,072

 
$
55,880

 
$
63,625

Depreciation and Amortization
 
 
 
 
 
 
Americas
 
$
30,204

 
$
31,070

 
$
30,724

EMEA
 
15,693

 
16,337

 
19,664

Asia
 
8,048

 
8,587

 
6,652

Total
 
$
53,945

 
$
55,994

 
$
57,040

 
(1)
Intersegment sales are presented on a cost-plus basis which takes into consideration the effect of transfer prices between legal entities.
(2)
The Company does not allocate interest expense or other (income) expense, net to the reportable segments.

94

The Company markets its products and services in over 100 countries. Sales are attributed to countries based on the location of sales order approval and acceptance. Sales to customers in the United States were 50.0%, 51.0% and 46.0% for fiscal years ended March 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Property, plant and equipment, net, attributable to the United States as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, were $156,828 and $149,348, respectively. No single country, outside the United States, accounted for more than 10% of the consolidated net sales or net property, plant and equipment and, therefore, was deemed not material for separate disclosure.

23. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

The Company reports interim financial information for 13-week periods, except for the first quarter, which always begins on April 1, and the fourth quarter, which always ends on March 31. The four quarters in fiscal 2017 ended on July 3, 2016, October 2, 2016, January 1, 2017, and March 31, 2017, respectively. The four quarters in fiscal 2016 ended on June 28, 2015, September 27, 2015, December 27, 2015, and March 31, 2016, respectively.
 
 
 
1st Quarter
 
2nd Quarter
 
3rd Quarter
 
4th Quarter
 
Fiscal Year
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
 
$
600,603

 
$
576,048

 
$
563,697

 
$
626,801

 
$
2,367,149

Gross profit
 
166,334

 
161,295

 
155,884

 
167,112

 
650,625

Operating earnings(1)(2)(4)(7)
 
66,032

 
62,909

 
55,023

 
51,897

 
235,861

Net earnings
 
44,619

 
42,793

 
37,095

 
33,716

 
158,223

Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
44,573

 
45,636

 
36,235

 
33,770

 
160,214

Net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders—basic
 
$
1.03

 
$
1.05

 
$
0.83

 
$
0.78

 
$
3.69

Net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders—diluted
 
$
1.02

 
$
1.04

 
$
0.82

 
$
0.76

 
$
3.64

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
 
$
562,068

 
$
569,134

 
$
573,573

 
$
611,474

 
$
2,316,249

Gross profit
 
150,415

 
154,939

 
145,882

 
160,541

 
611,777

Operating earnings(3)(5)(6)(7)
 
69,037

 
59,548

 
55,461

 
25,953

 
209,999

Net earnings
 
47,934

 
39,768

 
38,214

 
5,908

 
131,824

Net earnings attributable to EnerSys stockholders
 
48,387

 
40,025

 
38,478

 
9,260

 
136,150

Net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders—basic
 
$
1.09

 
$
0.89

 
$
0.87

 
$
0.21

 
$
3.08

Net earnings per common share attributable to EnerSys stockholders—diluted
 
$
1.03

 
$
0.87

 
$
0.86

 
$
0.21

 
$
2.99

 
(1)
Included in Operating earnings were inventory adjustment relating to exit activities of $2,659 and $(502) in the second and third quarters of fiscal 2017, respectively.
(2)
Included in Operating earnings were restructuring and other exit charges of $1,297, $4,893, $(1,153) and $2,123 for the first, second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2017, respectively.
(3)
Included in Operating earnings were restructuring and other exit charges of $1,218, $2,629, $3,204 and $5,927 for the first, second, third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2016, respectively.
(4)
Included in Operating earnings for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 was a charge relating to the impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles for $14,016.
(5)
Included in Operating earnings for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016 was a charge relating to the impairment of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles for $36,252.
(6)
Included in Operating earnings for the first quarter of fiscal 2016 was a gain on sale of facility of $4,348 and in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016, charges relating to the same of $928.

95

(7)
Included in Operating earnings were legal proceedings charge of $17,000 and $6,725 for the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2017, respectively. Included in Operating earnings for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 was a legal proceedings charge of $3,201.

96

24. Subsequent Events

On May 4, 2017, the Company announced the payment of a quarterly cash dividend of $0.175 per share of common stock to be paid on June 30, 2017, to stockholders of record as of June 14, 2017.

On May 9, 2017, under the 2010 EIP, the Company granted 169,703 stock options, which vest over 3 years, 160,313 restricted stock units, which vest 25% each year over 4 years from the date of grant, and 60,008 market condition-based share units, which vest 3 years from the date of grant.





97

SCHEDULE II

EnerSys
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(In Thousands)

 
 
Balance at
Beginning of
Period
 
Additions
Charged to
Expense
 
Charge-Offs
 
Purchase
Accounting
Adjustments
 
Other(1)
 
Balance at
End of
Period
Allowance for doubtful accounts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2015
 
$
9,446

 
$
1,125

 
$
(2,315
)
 
$
—

 
$
(694
)
 
$
7,562

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2016
 
7,562

 
4,749

 
(649
)
 
—

 
(269
)
 
11,393

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2017
 
11,393

 
1,794

 
(173
)
 
—

 
(352
)
 
12,662

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for inventory valuation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2015
 
$
20,316

 
$
9,306

 
$
(7,707
)
 
$
—

 
$
(1,673
)
 
$
20,242

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2016
 
20,242

 
10,052

 
(6,534
)
 
—

 
(190
)
 
23,570

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2017
 
23,570

 
9,451

 
(14,219
)
 
—

 
(341
)
 
18,461

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax asset—valuation allowance: (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31, 2015
 
$
23,583

 
$
4,222

 
$
(3,796
)
 
$
(327
)
 
$
(3,619
)
 
$
20,063

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2016
 
20,063

 
6,670

 
(361
)
 
—

 
(956
)
 
25,416

Fiscal year ended March 31, 2017
 
25,416

 
4,305

 
(2,255
)
 
—

 
(413
)
 
27,053

(1)
Primarily the impact of currency changes.
(2)
In fiscal 2017 and 2016,“Other” was primarily the impact of currency changes. In fiscal 2015, “Other” also included the reversal of deferred tax accounts and related valuation allowance upon the sale of certain foreign subsidiaries of the Company.


98
Table of Contents

ITEM 9.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

(b) Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

The report called for by Item 308(a) of Regulation S-K is included herein as “Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.”

Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. With the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework).

Based on this evaluation, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2017.

The attestation report called for by Item 308(b) of Registration S-K is included herein as “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm,” which appears in Item 8 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
/s/ David M. Shaffer
  
/s/ Michael J. Schmidtlein
David M. Shaffer
Chief Executive Officer
  
Michael J. Schmidtlein
Chief Financial Officer

ITEM 9B.
OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

99
Table of Contents

PART III

ITEM 10.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the sections entitled “Board of Directors,” “Executive Officers,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” “Corporate Governance—Independence of Directors,” “Corporate Governance—Process for Selection of Director Nominee Candidates,” “Audit Committee Report,” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Employment of Related Parties” of the Company’s definitive proxy statement for its 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) to be filed no later than 120 days after the fiscal year end.

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our officers, directors and employees (including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Corporate Controller) and have posted the Code on our website at www.enersys.com, and a copy is available in print to any stockholder who requires a copy. If we waive any provision of the Code applicable to any director, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Corporate Controller, such waiver will be promptly disclosed to the Company’s stockholders through the Company’s website.

ITEM 11.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the sections entitled “Corporate Governance—Compensation Committee” and “Executive Compensation” of the Proxy Statement”) to be filed no later than 120 days after the fiscal year end.

ITEM 12.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” of the Proxy Statement to be filed no later than 120 days after the fiscal year end.
 
 
 
Equity Compensation Plan Information
Plan Category
 
Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options,
warrants
and rights
(a)
 
 
 
Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)
 
 
 
Number of
securities
remaining available
for future issuance
under equity
compensation plans
(excluding
securities reflected
in column (a))
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
 
1,995,726

 
(1) 
 
$
62.36

 
(2) 
 
823,554

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
 
—

 
  
 
—

 
  
 
—

Total
 
1,995,726

 
  
 
$
62.36

 
  
 
823,554

 
(1)
Assumes a 200% payout of market share units and performance market share units.
(2)
Awards of restricted stock units, market share units, performance market share units and deferred stock units and stock units held in both the EnerSys Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors and the EnerSys Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan for Executives were not included in calculating the weighted-average exercise price as they will be settled in shares of common stock for no consideration.

ITEM 13.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the sections entitled “Corporate Governance,” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” of the Proxy Statement to be filed no later than 120 days after the fiscal year end.


100
Table of Contents

ITEM 14.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the section entitled “Audit Committee Report” of the Proxy Statement to be filed no later than 120 days after the fiscal year end.

101
Table of Contents

PART IV

ITEM 15.
EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Report:

(1) Consolidated Financial Statements

See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2) Financial Statement Schedule

The following consolidated financial statement schedule should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements (see Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:”): Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.

All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is contained in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(b) The following documents are filed herewith as exhibits:
 
Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
3.1
 
Fifth Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 3 to EnerSys"’ Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 001-32253) filed on February 6, 2013).
 
 
3.2
 
Third Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibits 3.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on August 3, 2016).
 
 
4.1
 
Indenture, dated as of May 28, 2008, between EnerSys and The Bank of New York, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2008).
 
 
4.2
 
Indenture, dated as of April 23, 2015, among EnerSys, the Guarantors party thereto and MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 00-32253) filed on April 23, 2015).
 
 
4.3
 
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 23, 2015, among EnerSys, the Guarantors party thereto and MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 00-32253) filed on April 23, 2015).
 
 
 
4.4
 
Form of 5.00% Senior Note due 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 00-32253) filed on April 23, 2015).
 
 
 
10.1
 
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of July 8, 2014, among EnerSys, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Syndication Agent, RB International Finance (USA) LLC and PNC Bank, National Association, as Co-Documentation Agents and Co-Managers and the various lending institutions party thereto (incorporated by reference to Annex A to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on July 9, 2014).
 
 
10.2
 
Incremental Commitment Agreement, dated July 8, 2014, among EnerSys and certain financial institutions (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on July 9, 2014).
 
 
 
10.3
 
Stock Subscription Agreement, dated March 22, 2002, among EnerSys Holdings Inc., Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital Partners IV, L.P., Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital Investors IV, L.P., MSDW IV 892 Investors, L.P., Morgan Stanley Global Emerging Markets Private Investment Fund, L.P. and Morgan Stanley Global Emerging Markets Private Investors, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to Amendment No. 3 to EnerSys’ Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-115553) filed on July 13, 2004).
 
 

102
Table of Contents

Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
10.4
 
Form of Severance Agreement, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
10.5
 
Employment Offer Letter, dated October 20, 2014, of EnerSys Delaware Inc. to David M. Shaffer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to EnerSys' Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 28, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on November 5, 2014).
 
 
 
10.6
 
EnerSys 2013 Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to EnerSys’ Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 27, 2013).
 
 
 
10.7
 
EnerSys Amended and Restated 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 11, 2008).
 
 
10.8
 
Second Amended and Restated EnerSys 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to EnerSys’ Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 23, 2016).
 
 
10.9
 
EnerSys Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan for Executives as amended August 5, 2010, and May 26, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
10.10
 
Form of Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to Amendment No. 3 to EnerSys’ Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-115553) filed on July 13, 2004).
 
 
10.11
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement (four-year vesting) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 23, 2007).
 
 
10.12
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement (three-year vesting) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 6, 2008).
 
 
10.13
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Non-Employee Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 1, 2009).
 
 
10.14
 
Form of Market Share Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 1, 2010).
 
 
10.15
 
Form of Market Share Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
10.16
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees and Senior Executives – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
 
10.17
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
10.18
 
Form of Deferred Stock Unit Agreement – Non-Employee Directors – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
10.19
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2013 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2013).
 
 
10.20
 
Form of Market Share Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2013 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2013).
 
 

103
Table of Contents

Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
10.21
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
10.22
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
10.23
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
 
10.24
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
 
10.25
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
 
10.26
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement - Directors and Officers (filed herewith).
 
 
 
10.27
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.28
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.29
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.30
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.31
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.32
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.33
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.34
 
Form of Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of November 23, 2015, among EnerSys, various lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 27, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on January 28, 2016).
 
 
 
10.35
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 27, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on November 2, 2016).
 
 
 

104
Table of Contents

Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
10.36
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 27, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on November 2, 2016).
 
 
 
10.37
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).

 
 
 
10.38
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).

 
 
 
10.39
 
Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).
 
 
 
10.40
 
Employment Agreement, dated December 21, 2015, between EH Europe GmbH and Holger P. Aschke(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).
 
 
 
10.41
 
Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2016, between EnerSys Reserve Power Pte Ltd. and Myles Jones (filed herewith).

 
 
 
11.1
 
Statement regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings.*
 
 
12.1
 
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges (filed herewith).
 
 
21.1
 
Subsidiaries of the Registrant (filed herewith).
 
 
23.1
 
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP (filed herewith).
 
 
31.1
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
31.2
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
32.1
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
 
 
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document
 
 
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Document
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Document
 
*
Information required to be presented in Exhibit 11 is provided in Note 17 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

105
Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
ENERSYS
 
 
 
 
 
By
 
/s/    DAVID M. SHAFFER
May 30, 2017
 
 
 
David M. Shaffer
Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose name appears below hereby appoints David M. Shaffer and Michael J. Schmidtlein and each of them, as his true and lawful agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his, place or stead, in any and all capacities, to execute any and all amendments to the within annual report, and to file the same, together with all exhibits thereto, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each said attorney-in-fact and agent may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this annual report has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Name
  
Title
 
Date
 
 
 
/s/    DAVID M. SHAFFER
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
May 30, 2017
David M. Shaffer
 
 
 
 
 
/s/    MICHAEL J. SCHMIDTLEIN
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
May 30, 2017
Michael J. Schmidtlein
  
 
 
 
 
/s/    KERRY M. KANE
 
Vice President and Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)
 
May 30, 2017
Kerry M. Kane
  
 
 
 
 
/s/    HWAN-YOON F. CHUNG
 
Director
 
May 30, 2017
Hwan-yoon F. Chung
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/    HOWARD I. HOFFEN
 
Director
 
May 30, 2017
Howard I. Hoffen
  
 
 
 
 
/s/    ARTHUR T. KATSAROS
 
Director
 
May 30, 2017
Arthur T. Katsaros
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/    JOHN F. LEHMAN
 
Director
 
May 30, 2017
John F. Lehman
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/    GENERAL ROBERT  MAGNUS, USMC (RETIRED)
 
Director
 
May 30, 2017
General Robert Magnus, USMC (Retired)
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/    DENNIS S. MARLO
 
Director
 
May 30, 2017
Dennis S. Marlo
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/    PAUL J. TUFANO
 
Director
 
May 30, 2017
Paul J. Tufano
  
 
 
 

106
Table of Contents

Exhibit Index
 

Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
3.1
 
Fifth Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 3 to EnerSys"’ Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 001-32253) filed on February 6, 2013).
 
 
3.2
 
Third Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibits 3.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on August 3, 2016).
 
 
4.1
 
Indenture, dated as of May 28, 2008, between EnerSys and The Bank of New York, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2008).
 
 
4.2
 
Indenture, dated as of April 23, 2015, among EnerSys, the Guarantors party thereto and MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 00-32253) filed on April 23, 2015).
 
 
4.3
 
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 23, 2015, among EnerSys, the Guarantors party thereto and MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 00-32253) filed on April 23, 2015).
 
 
 
4.4
 
Form of 5.00% Senior Note due 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 00-32253) filed on April 23, 2015).
 
 
 
10.1
 
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of July 8, 2014, among EnerSys, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Syndication Agent, RB International Finance (USA) LLC and PNC Bank, National Association, as Co-Documentation Agents and Co-Managers and the various lending institutions party thereto (incorporated by reference to Annex A to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on July 9, 2014).
 
 
10.2
 
Incremental Commitment Agreement, dated July 8, 2014, among EnerSys and certain financial institutions (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on July 9, 2014).
 
 
 
10.3
 
Stock Subscription Agreement, dated March 22, 2002, among EnerSys Holdings Inc., Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital Partners IV, L.P., Morgan Stanley Dean Witter Capital Investors IV, L.P., MSDW IV 892 Investors, L.P., Morgan Stanley Global Emerging Markets Private Investment Fund, L.P. and Morgan Stanley Global Emerging Markets Private Investors, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to Amendment No. 3 to EnerSys’ Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-115553) filed on July 13, 2004).
 
 
10.4
 
Form of Severance Agreement, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
10.5
 
Employment Offer Letter, dated October 20, 2014, of EnerSys Delaware Inc. to David M. Shaffer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to EnerSys' Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 28, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on November 5, 2014).
 
 
 
10.6
 
EnerSys 2013 Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to EnerSys’ Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 27, 2013).
 
 
 
10.7
 
EnerSys Amended and Restated 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 11, 2008).
 
 
10.8
 
Second Amended and Restated EnerSys 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to EnerSys’ Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 23, 2016).
 
 
10.9
 
EnerSys Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan for Executives as amended August 5, 2010, and May 26, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).

107
Table of Contents

Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
10.10
 
Form of Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to Amendment No. 3 to EnerSys’ Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-115553) filed on July 13, 2004).
 
 
10.11
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement (four-year vesting) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 23, 2007).
 
 
10.12
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement (three-year vesting) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to EnerSys’ Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 6, 2008).
 
 
10.13
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Non-Employee Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 1, 2009).
 
 
10.14
 
Form of Market Share Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on June 1, 2010).
 
 
10.15
 
Form of Market Share Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
10.16
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees and Senior Executives – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
 
10.17
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
10.18
 
Form of Deferred Stock Unit Agreement – Non-Employee Directors – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2011).
 
 
10.19
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2013 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2013).
 
 
10.20
 
Form of Market Share Restricted Stock Unit Agreement – Employees – 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2013 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2013).
 
 
10.21
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
10.22
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
10.23
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
 
10.24
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).
 
 
 
10.25
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2014 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 28, 2014).

108
Table of Contents

Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
 
 
 
10.26
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement - Directors and Officers (filed herewith).
 
 
 
10.27
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.28
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.29
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.30
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.31
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.32
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.33
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 27, 2015).
 
 
 
10.34
 
Form of Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of November 23, 2015, among EnerSys, various lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 27, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on January 28, 2016).
 
 
 
10.35
 
Form of Market Share Unit Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 27, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on November 2, 2016).
 
 
 
10.36
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Senior Executives - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to EnerSys’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 27, 2015 (File No. 001-32253) filed on November 2, 2016).
 
 
 
10.37
 
Form of Stock Option Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).
 
 
 
10.38
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).
 
 
 
10.39
 
Form of Performance Share Unit Agreement - Employees - 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).
 
 
 
10.40
 
Employment Agreement, dated December 21, 2015, between EH Europe GmbH and Holger P. Aschke(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to EnerSys’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2016 (File No. 001-32253) filed on May 31, 2016).
 
 
 

109
Table of Contents

Exhibit Number
 
Description of Exhibit
10.41
 
Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2016, between EnerSys Reserve Power Pte Ltd. and Myles Jones (filed herewith).
 
 
 
11.1
 
Statement regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings.*
 
 
12.1
 
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges (filed herewith).
 
 
21.1
 
Subsidiaries of the Registrant (filed herewith).
 
 
23.1
 
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP (filed herewith).
 
 
31.1
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
31.2
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
32.1
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith).
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
 
 
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document
 
 
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Document
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Document
 
*
Information required to be presented in Exhibit 11 is provided in Note 17 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

110


INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
    (DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS)
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT dated as of ____ (this “Agreement”), between ENERSYS, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the other party signatory hereto (the “Indemnitee”).
WHEREAS, the Company has adopted provisions in its Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws providing for indemnification of its officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, and the Company wishes to clarify and enhance the rights and obligations of the Company and the Indemnitee with respect to indemnification;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the Indemnitee’s service or continued service as a director or officer of the Company, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1.Service by Indemnitee. In consideration of the Company’s covenants and commitments hereunder, the Indemnitee agrees to serve or continue to serve as a director or officer of the Company. However, this Agreement shall not impose any obligation on the Indemnitee or the Company to continue Indemnitee’s service to the Company beyond any period otherwise required by law or by other agreements or commitments of the parties hereto, if any.
2.Indemnification. Subject to Sections 8, 10 and 19(f) and the proviso contained in the last sentence of this Section 2, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee as provided in this Agreement and to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL in effect on the date hereof and as amended from time to time (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Company to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted the Company to provide prior to such amendment). Without limiting the scope of the indemnification provided by this Section 2, the right to indemnification of the Indemnitee provided hereunder shall include, but shall not be limited to, those rights hereinafter set forth; provided, however, that no indemnification shall be paid to the Indemnitee:
(a)
to the extent prohibited by the DGCL;
(b)
to the extent payment with respect to any indemnifiable matter is actually made to the Indemnitee under a valid and collectible insurance policy or under a valid and enforceable indemnity clause, bylaw or other agreement of the Company or any other Person on whose board the Indemnitee serves at the request of the Company; or
(c)
in connection with an action, suit or proceeding, or part thereof (including claims and counterclaims) initiated by the Indemnitee, except a judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 10 to enforce the rights under this Agreement, unless the action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board.
3.Indemnification in Proceedings other than Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. Subject to Section 2, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to the indemnification rights provided in this Section 3 if the Indemnitee was, is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding (other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, or by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnitee in any such capacity. Pursuant to this Section 3, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all costs, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities, amounts paid in settlement by or on behalf of the Indemnitee, and Expenses (including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of such Expenses) actually and reasonably incurred by or on behalf of the Indemnitee in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if, as determined in accordance with Section 8, the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company and, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful; provided, however, the Company shall not be liable to the Indemnitee under the foregoing for any amounts paid in settlement without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided, further, that if a Change in Control of the Company has occurred, the Company shall be liable for indemnification of the Indemnitee for amounts paid in settlement if an Independent Counsel has approved the settlement.
4.Indemnification in Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. Subject to Section 2, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to the indemnification rights provided in this Section 4 if the Indemnitee was, is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, or by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnitee in any such capacity. Pursuant to this Section 4, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all costs, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities, amounts paid in settlement by or on behalf of the Indemnitee, and Expenses (including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of such Expenses) actually and reasonably incurred by or on behalf of the Indemnitee in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if, as determined in accordance with Section 8, the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company; provided, however, that (a) no such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which applicable law expressly prohibits such indemnification by reason of any adjudication of liability of the Indemnitee to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Court”) or the court in which such Proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification for such costs, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities and Expenses as such court shall deem proper, (b) the Company shall not be liable to the Indemnitee under the foregoing for any amounts paid in settlement without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, and (c) if a Change in Control of the Company has occurred, the Company shall be liable for indemnification of the Indemnitee for amounts paid in settlement if an Independent Counsel has approved the settlement.
5.Indemnification for Costs, Charges and Expenses of Successful Party. Notwithstanding the limitations of Sections 3 and 4, subject to Sections 2(a) and 2(b), to the extent that the Indemnitee is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in whole or in part, in defense of any Proceeding or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, including, without limitation, the dismissal of any action without prejudice, or if it is ultimately determined that the Indemnitee is otherwise entitled to be indemnified against Expenses, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection therewith.
6.Partial Indemnification. If the Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of the costs, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities or Expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any Proceeding, but not, however, for the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify the Indemnitee for the portion of such costs, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities and Expenses actually and reasonably incurred to which the Indemnitee is entitled.
7.Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness and Additional Expenses. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to indemnification against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred or suffered by the Indemnitee or on the Indemnitee’s behalf if the Indemnitee appears as a witness or otherwise incurs legal expenses as a result of or related to the Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, in any threatened, pending or completed legal, administrative, investigative or other proceeding or matter to which the Indemnitee neither is, nor is threatened to be made, a party.
8.Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification. Upon written request by the Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to Sections 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, the entitlement of the Indemnitee to indemnification, to the extent not expressly provided for pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, shall be determined by the following person or persons, who shall be empowered to make such determination: (a) if a Change of Control shall have occurred, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Indemnitee; and (b) if a Change of Control shall not have occurred, (i) by the Board by a majority vote of Disinterested Directors, whether or not such majority constitutes a quorum; (ii) by a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, whether or not such majority constitutes a quorum; (iii) if there are no Disinterested Directors, or if the Disinterested Directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Indemnitee; or (iv) by the stockholders of the Company. Such Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board and approved by the Indemnitee. Upon any failure of the Board so to select such Independent Counsel or upon the failure of the Indemnitee so to approve, such Independent Counsel shall be selected upon application to a court of competent jurisdiction. Such determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be made not later than 30 days after receipt by the Company of a written request for indemnification. Such request shall include documentation or information that is necessary for such determination and which is reasonably available to the Indemnitee. Any Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with a request for indemnification or payment of Expenses hereunder, under any other agreement, any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws or any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance of the Company, shall be borne by the Company. The Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee for any such Expense and agrees to hold the Indemnitee harmless therefrom irrespective of the outcome of the determination of the Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification. If the person or persons making such determination shall determine that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification as to part (but not all) of the application for indemnification, such person or persons shall reasonably prorate such partial indemnification among the claims, issues or matters at issue at the time of the determination. If it is determined that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to the Indemnitee shall be made within seven days after such determination.
9.Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings. The Secretary of the Company shall, promptly upon receipt of the Indemnitee’s request for indemnification, advise in writing the Board or such other person or persons empowered to make the determination as provided in Section 8 that the Indemnitee has made such request for indemnification. Upon making such request for indemnification, the Indemnitee shall be presumed to be entitled to indemnification hereunder and the Company shall have the burden of proof in making any determination contrary to such presumption. If the person or persons so empowered to make such determination shall have failed to make the requested determination with respect to indemnification within 30 days after receipt by the Company of such request, a requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be deemed to have been made and the Indemnitee shall be absolutely entitled to such indemnification, absent actual and material fraud in the request for indemnification. The termination of any Proceeding described in Sections 3 or 4 by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, (a) create a presumption that the Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner that the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that the Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that the Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful; or (b) otherwise adversely affect the rights of the Indemnitee to indemnification except as may be provided herein.
10.Remedies of the Indemnitee in Cases of Determination not to Indemnify or to pay Expenses. In the event that a determination is made that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder or if payment has not been timely made following a determination of entitlement to indemnification pursuant to Sections 8 and 9, or if Expenses are not paid pursuant to Section 15, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to final adjudication in a court of competent jurisdiction of entitlement to such indemnification or payment. Alternatively, the Indemnitee, at the Indemnitee’s option, may seek an award in an arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the rules of the American Arbitration Association, such award to be made within 60 days following the filing of the demand for arbitration. The Company shall not oppose the Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration or any other claim. The determination in any such judicial proceeding or arbitration shall be made de novo and the Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of a determination (if so made) pursuant to Section 8 or 9 that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification. If a determination is made or deemed to have been made pursuant to the terms of Section 8 or 9 that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination and is precluded from asserting that such determination has not been made or that the procedure by which such determination was made is not valid, binding and enforceable. The Company further agrees to stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement and is precluded from making any assertions to the contrary. If the court or arbitrator shall determine that the Indemnitee is entitled to any indemnification or payment of Expenses hereunder, the Company shall pay all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by or on behalf of the Indemnitee in connection with or in relation to such adjudication or award in arbitration (including, but not limited to, any appellate Proceedings).
11.Non-Exclusivity. Indemnification and payment of Expenses provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the Indemnitee may now or in the future be entitled under any provision of the Bylaws of the Company or other organizational documents of the Company, vote of stockholders or resolution of directors, provision of law, agreement or otherwise.
12.Expenses to Enforce Agreement. In the event that the Indemnitee is subject to or intervenes in any Proceeding in which the validity or enforceability of this Agreement is at issue or seeks an adjudication or award in arbitration to enforce the Indemnitee’s rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this Agreement, the Indemnitee, if the Indemnitee prevails in whole or in part in such action, shall be entitled to recover from the Company and shall be indemnified by the Company against any actual Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee.
13.Continuation of Indemnity. All agreements and obligations of the Company contained herein shall continue during the period the Indemnitee is a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the Company or is serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of any other entity (including, but not limited to, another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise) and shall continue thereafter with respect to any possible claims based on the fact that the Indemnitee was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the Company or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of any other entity (including, but not limited to, another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise). This Agreement shall be binding upon all successors and assigns of the Company (including any transferee of all or substantially all its assets and any successor by merger or operation of law) and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, personal representatives and estate of the Indemnitee.
14.Notification and Defense of Claim. Promptly after receipt by the Indemnitee of notice of any Proceeding, the Indemnitee will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company under this Agreement, notify the Company in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the Company will not relieve it from any liability that it may have to the Indemnitee. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, with respect to any such Proceeding of which the Indemnitee notifies the Company:
(a)    the Company shall be entitled to participate therein at its own expense; and
(b)    except as otherwise provided in this Section 14(b), to the extent that it may wish, the Company, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, shall be entitled to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to the Indemnitee. After notice from the Company to the Indemnitee of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the Company shall not be liable to the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any expenses of counsel subsequently incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with the defense thereof except as otherwise provided below. The Indemnitee shall have the right to employ the Indemnitee’s own counsel in such Proceeding, but the fees and expenses of such counsel incurred after notice from the Company of its assumption of the defense thereof shall be at the expense of the Indemnitee unless (i) the employment of counsel by the Indemnitee has been authorized by the Company, (ii) the Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and the Indemnitee in the conduct of the defense of such action, or (iii) the Company shall not within 15 days of receipt of notice from the Indemnitee in fact have employed counsel to assume the defense of the action, in each of which cases the fees and expenses of the Indemnitee’s counsel shall be at the expense of the Company. The Company shall not be entitled to assume the defense of any Proceeding brought by or on behalf of the Company or as to which the Indemnitee shall have made the conclusion provided for in clause (ii) above; and
(c)    if the Company has assumed the defense of a Proceeding, the Company shall not be liable to indemnify the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of any Proceeding effected without the Company’s prior written consent. The Company shall not settle any Proceeding in any manner that would impose any penalty or limitation on or disclosure obligation with respect to the Indemnitee without the Indemnitee’s prior written consent. Neither the Company nor the Indemnitee will unreasonably withhold its consent to any proposed settlement.
15.Payment of Expenses. All Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of any Proceeding shall be paid by the Company at the request of the Indemnitee, each such payment to be made within seven days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements from the Indemnitee requesting such payment or payments from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. The Indemnitee’s entitlement to such Expenses shall include those incurred in connection with any Proceeding by the Indemnitee seeking a judgment in court or an adjudication or award in arbitration pursuant to this Agreement (including the enforcement of this provision). Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the expenses and costs incurred by the Indemnitee in connection therewith and shall include or be accompanied by an undertaking, in substantially the form attached as Exhibit A, by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to reimburse such amount if it is finally determined, after all appeals by a court of competent jurisdiction, that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses by the Company as provided by this Agreement or otherwise. The payment of Expenses shall be made without regard to the Indemnitee’s ability to repay the Expenses and without regard to the Indemnitee’s ultimate entitlement to indemnification under the other provisions of this Agreement. The payment of Expenses shall be unsecured and interest-free.
16.Severability; Prior Indemnification Agreements. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not by themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (b) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraph of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent of the parties that the Company provide protection to the Indemnitee to the fullest enforceable extent. This Agreement shall supersede and replace any prior indemnification agreements entered into by and between the Company and the Indemnitee and any such prior agreements shall be terminated upon execution of this Agreement.
17.Headings; References; Pronouns. The headings of the sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof. References herein to section numbers are to sections of this Agreement. All pronouns and any variations thereof shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural as appropriate.
18.Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement:
“Beneficial Owner” shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act.
“Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Bylaws” means the Bylaws of the Company, as may be amended from time to time (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Company to provide broader indemnification rights than such Bylaws permitted the Company to provide prior to such amendment).
“Certificate of Incorporation” means the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as may be amended from time to time (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Company to provide broader indemnification rights than such Restated Certificate of Incorporation permitted the Company to provide prior to such amendment).
“Change in Control” means the occurrence of any one of the following:
(a)any Person, including any “group”, as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, is or becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing a majority of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities, excluding any Person who becomes such a Beneficial Owner in connection with a Qualifying Business Combination described in paragraph (c) below or who becomes such a Beneficial Owner as a result of a change in ownership percentage resulting solely from an acquisition of securities by the Company; or
(b)during any period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board and any new director whose appointment or election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s shareholders was approved or recommended by a vote of at least 66-2/3% of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose appointment, election or nomination for election was previously so approved or recommended cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board; or
(c)there is consummated a reorganization, merger or consolidation of the Company with, or sale or other disposition of at least 80% of the assets of the Company in one or a series of related transactions to, any other Person (a “Business Combination”), other than a Business Combination that would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such Business Combination continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or any parent thereof) more than 50% of the combined voting power of the securities of the Company or such surviving entity or any parent thereof outstanding immediately after such Business Combination (a “Qualifying Business Combination”); or
(d)the shareholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company or there is consummated an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all the Company’s assets, other than a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all the Company’s assets to an entity, more than 50% of the combined voting power of the outstanding securities of which is owned by shareholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Company immediately prior to such sale.
“Corporate Status” means the status of a person who is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the Company or of any other entity including, but not limited to, another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that such person is or was serving at the request of the Company.
“DGCL” means the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended.
“Disinterested Director” means a director of the Company who is not or was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is being sought by the Indemnitee.
“Expenses” includes, without limitation, expenses incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of any and all investigations, judicial or administrative proceedings or appeals, court costs, transcript costs, attorneys’ fees, witness fees and expenses, fees and expenses of accountants and other advisors, expert fees and expenses, duplication costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, retainers and disbursements and advances thereon, the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any bond (including cost bonds, appraisal bonds or their equivalents), and any expenses of establishing a right to indemnification under Sections 8, 10 and 12 but shall not include the amount of judgments, fines or penalties actually levied against the Indemnitee or amounts paid in settlement by Indemnitee.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any similar successor statute.
“Independent Counsel” means a law firm or a member of a law firm that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither currently is nor in the past three years has been retained to represent: (a) the Company (or any majority stockholder thereof) or the Indemnitee or any affiliate of either thereof in any matter material to either such party, or (b) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or the Indemnitee in an action to determine the Indemnitee’s right to indemnification under this Agreement. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees of the Independent Counsel referred to above.
“Person” means an individual, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, an association, a trust, an estate or other entity or organization, including a government or any department or agency thereof.
“Proceeding” includes any threatened, pending or completed investigation, action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution, mechanism, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other proceeding, whether brought by or in the right of the Company or otherwise, against the Indemnitee, for which indemnification is not prohibited under Sections 2(a), (b), (c) and (d) and whether of a civil, criminal, administrative or investigative nature, including, but not limited to, actions, suits or proceedings in which the Indemnitee may be or may have been involved as a party or otherwise, by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the Company, or is or was serving, at the request of the Company, as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of any other entity, including, but not limited to, another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, or by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnitee in any such capacity, whether or not the Indemnitee is acting or serving in such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification, reimbursement or advancement of expenses can be provided under this Agreement.
19.Notices. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, any notice required or permitted to be given under this Agreement shall be given by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid with return receipt requested, to the residence of the Indemnitee at the address set forth in the Company records, or hand delivered to the Indemnitee, in the case of notices to the Indemnitee.; and by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid with return receipt requested to the principal office of the Company, in the case of notices to the Company. Notices to the Company shall not be effective unless given to the Company at P.O. Box 14145, 2366 Bernville Road, Reading, PA 19605, Attention: Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary.
20.Miscellaneous. %3. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware applicable to contracts made and to be performed in such state without giving effect to its principles of conflicts of laws. The Company and the Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally: (i) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Delaware Court and not in any other state or federal court in the United States, (ii) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, and (iii) waive, and agree not to plead or make, any claim that the Delaware Court lacks venue or that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.
(a)    This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought need be produced as evidence of the existence of this Agreement.
(b)    This Agreement shall not be deemed an employment contract between the Company and the Indemnitee who is an officer of the Company.
(c)    Upon a payment to the Indemnitee under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all the rights of the Indemnitee to recover against any Person for such liability, and the Indemnitee shall execute all documents and instruments required and shall take such other actions as may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such documents as may be necessary for the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.
(d)    No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
(e)    The Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment which is prohibited by applicable law, including, without limitation, (i) any liability of the Indemnitee to the Company under the Exchange Act, including under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, and (ii) if a final decision by a court of competent jurisdiction determines that such payment is prohibited by applicable law.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on and as of the day and year first above written.
ENERSYS

By:                                
    Name: David M. Shaffer
    Title: President & Chief Executive Officer

INDEMNITEE


Name:
Title:


EXHIBIT A

UNDERTAKING TO REPAY INDEMNIFICATION EXPENSES

I, ___________________________________________________, agree to reimburse the Company for all Expenses paid by the Company in connection with any Proceeding, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in Section 15 of the Indemnification Agreement dated as of ____________, 20__, between the Company and me (the defined terms herein being as defined in such agreement).


Signature ______________________________

Name:___________________________



1

     ENSLOGO.JPG

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT is made on 1st April 2016 between:

(1)
EnerSys Reserve Power Pte Ltd, (the “Company”) having an office at 152 Beach Road, #11-03 Gateway East, Singapore 189721; and

(2)
Mr Myles Jones, Passport No. (UK) 761216087 (the “Executive”)

WHEREAS, the Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of EnerSys Group shall comprise EnerSys, its subsidiary companies and associated companies, including the Company and EnerSys Asia (each a “Group Entity”).

NOW THEREFORE, the company and Executive agree as follows:

1.
General Provisions

1.1
The Company has agreed to appoint the Executive in the position of President, Asia and the Executive accepts such appointment subject to the terms of this agreement and successfully obtaining an employment pass to work in Singapore.

1.2
The Executive will commence the new appointment on 1st April 2016 until such time that his employment is terminated in accordance with Clause 19.

1.3
This Agreement supersedes the provisions of the entire Executive’s previous Employment Agreements and all previous Employment Agreements are hereby cancelled including that signed with EH Europe GmbH dated 1st April 2012.

1.4
The Executive shall retain his complete rights to years of service and the seniority with the company.

1.5
The Executive shall report directly to Todd Sechrist, Executive Vice President and COO.

2.
Function and Fidelity

2.1
The duties of the Executive shall include, without limitation, those listed in the job description in Appendix 1.

2.2
The Executive shall at all times perform his duties diligently and carefully and in accordance with the lawful orders or directions given to him by the Company.






ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
     ENSLOGO.JPG

2.3
The Executive shall devote his full working capacity to the benefit of the Company and the Group, and he shall promote the affairs of the Company and the Group diligently and carefully.

2.4
If the Executive wishes to perform any employment task or assignment for or on behalf of other entities (whether gratuitously or for gain), he must obtain the prior written consent of the Company. This restriction does not apply to the performance of employment tasks or assignments on behalf of a Group Entity.

2.5
If the Executive wishes to participate in any other entity or the running of his own business, he must obtain the prior written consent of the Company. This restriction does not apply to the purchase by the Executive of up to 10% of the entire outstanding shares of a public listed company for personal investment purposes.

2.6
During the term of this Agreement, the Executive shall not at any time make any statement which, in the reasonable opinion of the Company, is untrue or misleading in relation to the Company or the Group. After the termination of this Agreement in accordance with Clause 19 or after the completion of the Term (whichever is applicable) (both events to be collectively referred to as “End of Employment”), the Executive shall not represent himself as being directly or indirectly employed by or in any way connected with or interested in the business of the Company or the Group.

3.    Place of Work and Working Hours    

3.1
The Executive’s place of work shall be at 152 Beach Road, #11-03 Gateway East, Singapore 189721 and such other places as may be necessary for the proper performance of his duties.

3.2
The normal working hours of the Executive shall be from 9.00 am to 5.30 pm Monday to Friday. However the executive will use his discretion as to when he needs to work beyond the above hours to ensure an orderly performance of his duties.

4.
Base Salary/Superannuation

4.1
In return for the performance of his duties under this Agreement, the Company shall pay the Executive a fixed gross annual base salary in the amount of SGD420,000 (in words: Four Hundred and Twenty Thousand) (the ‘Fixed Base Salary) which is payable on twelve months pro-rata basis in a year less any payroll deductions that are payable on his salary. The company can arrange to split the payroll between the UK and Singapore at a fixed exchange rate if the Executive chooses to do it.

4.2
The Company shall pay the Executive a fixed annual allowance of SGD40,000 being the Company contribution to the Executive pension and life insurance and it will be paid in twelve monthly equal instalment. The Executive will not be entitled to any further pension fund, life and personal accident insurance and social contributions.


ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
     ENSLOGO.JPG

4.3
The Executive shall not be entitled to remuneration for overtime work.

5.
Management Incentive Program

5.1
In addition to the remuneration stated in sub-clause 4.1 the Executive shall be entitled to participate in the EnerSys Management Incentive Program (MIP). The MIP potential is 70% of his fixed annual salary pro-rata for months worked. Such MIP payouts are not contractual and payout will be in accordance to the EnerSys guidelines and rules set up yearly by the Compensation Committee. Any bonus earned will be paid with the authorization of the President & CEO of EnerSys following auditing of the accounts, normally in June of each year in respect of bonus earned the previous fiscal year.

6.
Housing Allowance

6.1
The Company shall pay the Executive a fixed monthly housing allowance of SGD15, 500.

6.2
The Executive will be responsible for the utility, telephone, broadband and cable television charges in his house/apartment.

7.    EnerSys Stock

7.1
All decisions regarding the allocation of EnerSys stock and vesting requirements are at the sole discretion of the Compensation Committee of the EnerSys’ Board of Directors.

8
Transportation

8.1
The Company will provide the Executive with a company car. The VP, Human Resources shall approve the type of car to be provided and it will be fully maintained by the Company. By mutual agreement the Company may replace the company car with a car allowance that will be determined by the VP, Human Resources.

8.2
All other details shall be regulated in accordance to the Company Car policy.

9.
Schooling
 
9.1
The Company will pay the costs of the Executive children’s education in an International School in Singapore or a school in the UK with the agreement of the Company. This will include middle through high school. The Company will reimburse for required uniforms, fees, and books. Other costs such as field trips, music lessons, sports fees, gym clothes, lunch, etc. will not be paid by the Company.

9.2
The Company will not pay for any costs associated with the Executive children college/university education. If his children attends full-time university outside of Singapore, the Company will provide 2 coach class air tickets per year for each child to visit him

ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
     ENSLOGO.JPG

in Singapore and this will be deducted from the Executive’s home visit entitlement. This benefit will end, if his children graduate or no longer attend full-time school.

10.
Medical Benefits

10.1
The Company will provide the Executive and his family with an Aetna Healthcare plan. This benefit will be phased out at the end of the 5th year period and thereafter the Executive will be provided with medical benefits in accordance with the local policies/practices of the company.

11.
Vacation Leaves
    
11.1
The Executive shall be entitled to Thirty (30) working days of vacation per calendar year pro-rated in accordance to the number of completed month of service. The Executive vacation leave entitlement in Switzerland will be calculated up to the date he starts on his assignment in Singapore and brought forward to Singapore.

11.2
The Executive is entitled to all gazetted public holidays in Singapore.

12.    Home Visit to UK

12.1
The Company will provide 4 business class and 4 coach class return tickets to the Executive and family for each full 12 months of service. These include the air tickets provided in clause 9.2.
 
13.
Relocation and Integration Costs

13.1
The Company will pay for the relocation cost of the Executive personal and household goods including pets from Switzerland to the UK and / or Singapore.

14.    Tax Provision

14.1
The Executive shall be fully responsible for all tax liabilities (including, without limitation, income tax) arising from and in connection with all forms of remuneration and benefits received from the Company under the terms of this Agreement. The Company will appoint and pay the cost for tax expert to provide support and assistance during and at the end of assignment to ensure proper compliance with tax reporting requirements both in Singapore and the UK. In particular, this will include the required tax filings. This same support and assistance will be provided to the Executive for filing his tax return in Switzerland as long as the Swiss authorities require this for any tax matters related to the time the Executive resided in Switzerland as was required by the Company.

14.2
Enersys Asia will meet any Singapore tax obligations on the housing, schooling, medical and home leaves air-tickets.


ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
     ENSLOGO.JPG

15.
Visa, Passport and Work Permit Requirements

15.1
The Company will, at its expense, work with the Executive to arrange for passport, visas and employment pass requirements that are necessary for working in Singapore

16.
Confidentiality

During the term of this Agreement and twelve (12) months after the End of Employment, the Executive undertakes to keep strictly confidential all matters pertaining to the commercial interests of the Company and the Group. Without limiting the scope of this confidentiality undertaking, the Executive shall maintain strict confidentiality with respect to third parties and unauthorized staff members of the Company as to all confidential or secret information or business matters (including, without limitation, the Group’s production, designs, marketing plans, financial matters and other business secrets) (“Confidential Information”) of the Company or a Group Entity which comes to his attention in the performance of his duties to the Company, irrespective of the manner in which he obtained the Confidential Information. The Executive shall also not use the Confidential Information for his own purposes or for any purpose apart from the performance of his duties for the company.

17.
Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Clause

17.1
During the term of this Agreement and six (6) months after the End of Employment, the Executive undertakes not to carry out, concern or engage or interest himself, either directly or indirectly, in the business or affairs or any activities of any other person, business, firm, body corporate, undertaking or company similar to or competing in any way with the Company or any Group Entity (“Competitive Business”).

17.2
During the term of this Agreement and six (6) months after the End of Employment, the Executive undertakes not to induce, or attempt to induce, any employee, customer or supplier (“Company Person”) of the Company or a Group Entity to terminate his/her or its employment with or patronage of the Company or a Group Entity with a view to the taking up of employment in or the giving of patronage to a Competitive Business. For the purposes of this sub-Clause 17.2, a Company Person is someone who has been employed or involved commercially with the Company or a Group Entity at any time during the one (1) year period immediately preceding the End of Employment.

18.
Rights of Use and Inventions

18.1
All work results in connection with the activities of the Executive shall inure exclusively to the Company. Where the work results are protected by copyright, the Executive grants the Company the exclusive and unrestricted right of use for all present and future kinds of use. Such right of use shall remain valid even after the End of Employment. The Executive shall not be entitled to additional remuneration for the granted rights of use. These are fully remunerated by the Fixed Salary stated in sub-Clause 4.1.


ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
     ENSLOGO.JPG

18.2
During the term of this Agreement, the Executive shall from time to time fully disclose to the Company any invention or discovery he may make or discover, including any improvements, arising out of or in connection with the business of the Company. The Executive agrees not to claim any proprietary interest in any such inventions, discoveries or improvements.

18.3
Any inventions of the Executive and technical suggestions for improvement as well as methods of engineering, patents, utility models, design patents and the like developed by the Executive in connection with his activities for the Company shall inure exclusively to the Company. The Company shall have the unrestricted and exclusive right to use to the exclusion of the Executive who shall not be entitled to additional remuneration. Where necessary, the Executive shall transfer to the Company any respective right and claim which entitles the Company to register patents, utility models or design patents in its own name and for its own account.

19.
Termination of the Agreement

19.1
This Agreement shall terminate if any of the following events happens:

19.1.1
the Executive passes away;
19.1.2
the Executive turns sixty-two (62) years of age;
19.1.3
either party gives twelve (12) months’ notice in writing to the other; or
19.1.4
the Company becomes entitled to terminate this Agreement in accordance with sub-Clause 19.2.

19.2
The Company shall be entitled to terminate this Agreement:

19.2.1
with twelve (12) months’ notice in writing if the Executive shall have been incapacitated by reason of ill-health, accident (excluding injuries or accidents incurred in the course of performing her duties) or other causes from performing his duties under this Agreement for:

(i)
a continuous period of more than six (6) weeks: or
(ii)
periods of time aggregating six (6) weeks in the twelve (12) months immediately preceding the giving of the notice under this sub-Clause 19.2.1.

19.2.2
without notice if in the reasonable opinion of the Company, the Executive shall:

(i)
have committed a criminal offence (whether or not resulting in a criminal conviction in a court of law);
        
(ii)
have been guilty of any conduct (not amounting to a criminal offence) tending to bring himself or the Company or Group into disrepute;


ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
     ENSLOGO.JPG

(iii)
have failed to perform his duties diligently and carefully or shall have committed any serious, repeated or continuing material breach of his obligations under this Agreement; or

(iv)
refuse or neglect to comply with any lawful orders or directions given to him by the Company.

19.3
Clauses 16, 17 and 21 will survive termination of this Agreement.

20.
Repatriation

20.1
The Company will pay reasonable cost of repatriation back to UK in the event that the Executive is unable to continue in his employment due to ill health of either he or his spouse or children; or the Executive is being affected by the Company restructuring exercise.

20.2
The Company will not be responsible for providing cost of repatriation when the Executive service is terminated for cause or if he resigned on his own accord.

21.
Return of Property    

21.1
Upon the End of Employment, the Executive shall immediately return to the Company and all documents, correspondence, records, drafts and the like referring to the Company’s business and affairs (including any copies) which may be in the possession or under the control of the Executive or to which the Executive has at any time had access.     
    
22.
Miscellaneous Provisions

22.1
This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to its subject matter and supersedes any and all prior and contemporaneous agreements and understandings, representations and assurances, whether oral or written, relating to its subject matter.

22.2
The headings of the clause in this Agreement are for the sake of convenience only and have no legal effect.

22.3
Amendments and supplements of this Agreement must be in writing to be effective. This also applies for an amendment of this sub-Clause 22.3.

22.4
The parties undertake to keep in confidence the provisions of this Agreement.
 
22.5
This Agreement shall be personal to the Executive and the Executive shall not be entitled to assign or transfer any rights or obligations under this Agreement.


ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
     ENSLOGO.JPG

22.6
All provisions of this Agreement shall be severable and no provision shall be affected by the invalidity of any other provision to the extent such invalidity does not render such other provision invalid. In the event of the invalidity of any provision of this Agreement, it shall be interpreted and enforced as if all the provisions thereby rendered invalid were not contained in this Agreement. If any provision of this Agreement shall be susceptible to two interpretations, one of which would render the provision invalid and the other of which would cause the provision to be valid, the latter interpretation shall be adopted. If any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or adjudicated by a court to be unlawful, void or unenforceable, such provision shall to the extent required be severed from this Agreement and rendered ineffective as far as possible without modifying the remaining provisions of this Agreement and shall not in any way affect any other provision of this Agreement or the validity or the enforcement of the rest of this Agreement.

22.7
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Singapore and the Company and the Executive agree to submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the Singapore courts.

22.8
This Agreement may be signed in counterparts with the same force and effect as if all parties had signed a single original. The Executive confirms his receipt of an executed copy of this Agreement signed by the Company.






/s/ Cyril Forrest
/s/ Myles Jones
            
Sid Forrest
Myles Jones
Vice President, HR                        


25 Feb 2016
20 Feb 2016    
Date
Date    


/s/ Todd M. Sechrist
Director
EnerSys Reserve Power Pte. Ltd.




ENERSYS ASIA
No. 152, Beach Road
#11-03 Gateway East Building,
SINGAPORE 189721
Tel: +65 6508 1780 Fax: +65 6292 4380
Exhibit 12.1
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
EnerSys
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
The following table sets forth the ratio of earnings to fixed charges of the Company for the five fiscal years ended March 31, 2017:
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income before provision for income taxes
 
$
212,695

 
$
181,937

 
$
249,339

 
$
163,747

 
$
230,233

Plus: fixed charges
 
35,011
 
35,399
 
33,624
 
29,792
 
29,977
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
247,706

 
$
217,336

 
$
282,963

 
$
193,539

 
$
260,210

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed charges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense including capitalized interest
 
$
23,014

 
$
23,869

 
$
21,633

 
$
18,151

 
$
18,947

Interest within rental expense
 
11,997
 
11,530
 
11,991
 
11,641
 
11,030
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
35,011

 
$
35,399

 
$
33,624

 
$
29,792

 
$
29,977

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
 
7.08
 
6.14
 
8.42
 
6.50
 
8.68
NOTE: These ratios include EnerSys and its consolidated subsidiaries. The ratio of earnings to fixed charges was computed by dividing earnings by fixed charges for the periods indicated, where “earnings” consist of (1) earnings from operations before income taxes plus (2) fixed charges, and “fixed charges” consist of (a) interest, whether expensed or capitalized, on all indebtedness, including non-cash interest accreted on Convertible Notes of $1,330, $8,283, $7,614, $7,001 and $6,436, respectively, for fiscal 2016 through fiscal 2013, (b) amortization of premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness, and (c) portion of operating lease rental expense considered to be representative of the interest factor. Interest related to uncertain tax positions is included in the tax provision in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and is excluded from the computation of fixed charges.




Exhibit 21.1
ENERSYS
Subsidiaries

EnerSystem Argentina S.A.
 
Argentina
EnerSys Australia Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
ICS Industries Pty Ltd
 
Australia
ICS Sheet Metal Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
International Communication Shelters Australasia Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
Lancord Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
Lenmic Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
National Infrastructure Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
National Infrastructure Services Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
Powercom (NSW) Pty Ltd.
 
Australia
EnerSys GmbH
 
Austria
EnerSys SPRL
 
Belgium
EnerSystem do Brazil Ltda.
 
Brazil
EnerSys Participacoes Ltda.
 
Brazil
Industrial Battery Holding Ltda.
 
Brazil
EnerSys AD (99.8%) *
 
Bulgaria
EnerSys Canada Inc.
 
Canada
EnerSys Cayman Euro L.P.
 
Cayman Islands
EnerSys Cayman Holdings L.P.
 
Cayman Islands
EnerSys Cayman Inc.
 
Cayman Islands
EnerSys Cayman L.P.
 
Cayman Islands
YCI, Inc.
 
Cayman Islands
EnerSystem Chile Ltda.
 
Chile
EnerSys (Chaozhou) Huada Batteries Company Limited
 
China
EnerSys (China) Huada Batteries Company Limited
 
China
EnerSys (Chongqing) Huada Batteries Company Limited
 
China
EnerSys (Jiangsu) Huada Batteries Company Limited (94.7%) *
 
China
EnerSys (Yangzhou) Huada Batteries Co. Ltd.
 
China
Shenzhen Huada Power Supply Mechanical & Electrical Co. Ltd. 
 
China
EnerSys, s.r.o.
 
Czech Republic
EnerSys A/S
 
Denmark
EnerSys Europe Oy
 
Finland
EnerSys SARL
 
France
GAZ GmbH
 
Germany
Hawker GmbH
 
Germany
EnerSys AE
 
Greece
EnerSys Asia Limited
 
Hong Kong
EnerSys Hungária Kft.
 
Hungary
EnerSys Battery Private Limited
 
India
EnerSys India Batteries Private Ltd.
 
India


EnerSys S.r.l.
 
Italy
EnerSys Holdings (Luxembourg) Sarl
 
Luxembourg
EnerSys Luxembourg Finance Sarl
 
Luxembourg
DCPM Engineering Sdn Bhd
 
Malaysia
EnerSys Malaysia Sdn Bhd
 
Malaysia
MIB Energy Sdn Bhd
 
Malaysia
UTS Holdings Sdn Bhd
 
Malaysia
UTS Technology (JB) Sdn Bhd
 
Malaysia
UTS Technology (PG) Sdn Bhd
 
Malaysia
EnerSys de Mexico, S de R.L. de CV
 
Mexico
EnerSys de Mexico II, S de R.L. de CV
 
Mexico
Powersonic, S de R.L. de CV
 
Mexico
Yecoltd, S. de R.L. de CV
 
Mexico
ENAS Industrial Batteries Morocco Sarl
 
Morocco
EnerSys AS
 
Norway
EnerSys sp. z o.o.
 
Poland
Powersafe Acumuladores Industrialis Unipessoal, Lda.
 
Portugal
EnerSys CJSC
 
Russia
Battery Power International Pte Ltd.
 
Singapore
EnerSys Reserve Power Pte. Ltd.
 
Singapore
IE Technologies Pte Ltd.
 
Singapore
EnerSys, s.r.o.
 
Slovak Republic
Acumuladores Industriales EnerSys SA
 
Spain
EnerSys AB
 
Sweden
Purcell Systems International AB
 
Sweden
EH Batterien AG
 
Switzerland
EH Europe GmbH
 
Switzerland
EnerSys BV
 
The Netherlands
EnerSys Assad Sarl (51%) *
 
Tunisia
Enersys Akü Sanaya Dis Ticaret Limited Sirketi
 
Turkey
EnerSys LLC
 
Ukraine
ABSL Power Solutions Ltd.
 
United Kingdom
EnerSys Holdings UK Ltd.
 
United Kingdom
EnerSys Ltd.
 
United Kingdom
ABSL Power Solutions Inc.
 
Delaware
EnerSys Advanced Systems Inc.
 
Delaware
EnerSys Capital Inc.
 
Delaware
EnerSys Delaware Inc.
 
Delaware
EnerSys Delaware LLC I
 
Delaware
EnerSys Delaware LLC II
 
Delaware
EnerSys Delaware LLC III
 
Delaware
EnerSys Delaware LLC IV
 
Delaware
EnerSys Energy Products Inc.
 
Delaware
EnerSys European Holding Co.
 
Delaware
EnerSys Mexico Holdings LLC
 
Delaware
EnerSys Mexico Management LLC
 
Delaware


Esfinco, Inc.
 
Delaware
Esrmco, Inc.
 
Delaware
Hawker Powersource, Inc.
 
Delaware
Hawker Power Systems, Inc.
 
Delaware
Purcell Systems, Inc.
 
Delaware
Quallion LLC
 
Delaware
New Pacifico Realty, Inc.
 
Nevada

*
These entities are majority-owned by EnerSys with the remaining interests held by third parties.



Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:
(1)
Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-168717) pertaining to the EnerSys 2010 Equity Incentive Plan,
(2)
Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-151000) of EnerSys,
(3)
Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-143209) pertaining to the EnerSys 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, and
(4)
Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-120660) pertaining to the EnerSys Employee Stock Purchase Plan and EnerSys 2004 Equity Incentive Plan;
of our reports dated May 30, 2017, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of EnerSys and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of EnerSys included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of EnerSys for the year ended March 31, 2017.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
May 30, 2017

EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, David M. Shaffer, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of EnerSys;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting for the registrant and have:
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting, which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
ENERSYS
 
 
By
 
/s/ David M. Shaffer
 
 
 
 
David M. Shaffer
 
 
Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 30, 2017


EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Michael J. Schmidtlein, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of EnerSys;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting for the registrant and have:
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting, which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
ENERSYS
 
 
By
 
/s/ Michael J. Schmidtlein
 
 
 
 
Michael J. Schmidtlein
 
 
Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 30, 2017

EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO
18. U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Annual Report of EnerSys on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of EnerSys.
 
ENERSYS
 
 
By
 
/s/ David M. Shaffer
 
 
 
 
David M. Shaffer
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
By
 
/s/ Michael J. Schmidtlein
 
 
 
 
Michael J. Schmidtlein
 
 
Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 30, 2017