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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
  ___________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
  ___________________________________
(Mark One)
☒
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020
or
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________.
Commission File Number: 001-36127
   ______________________________
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
   ______________________________
Delaware
 
20-1945088
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
40300 Traditions Drive
Northville, Michigan 48168
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(248) 596-5900
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 ______________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
 
Trading Symbol(s)
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
 
CPS
 
New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
☒
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer
☐
Smaller reporting company
☐
 
 
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒
As of May 5, 2020, there were 16,884,542 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding.



COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
Form 10-Q
For the period ended March 31, 2020
 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
3
 
4
 
5
 
6
 
7
 
8
Item 2.
26
Item 3.
35
Item 4.
36
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1A.
37
Item 2.
39
Item 6.
40
41


2


PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.         Financial Statements
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share amounts) 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Sales
$
654,890

 
$
877,995

Cost of products sold
611,747

 
762,490

Gross profit
43,143

 
115,505

Selling, administration & engineering expenses
70,671

 
86,974

Amortization of intangibles
4,450

 
3,775

Restructuring charges
7,276

 
17,715

Impairment of assets held for sale
74,079

 
—

Other impairment charges
977

 
—

Operating (loss) profit
(114,310
)
 
7,041

Interest expense, net of interest income
(10,237
)
 
(11,932
)
Equity in earnings of affiliates
1,431

 
2,358

Other expense, net
(3,440
)
 
(796
)
Loss before income taxes
(126,556
)
 
(3,329
)
Income tax (benefit) expense
(14,117
)
 
2,034

Net loss
(112,439
)
 
(5,363
)
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests
1,851

 
(52
)
Net loss attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
$
(110,588
)
 
$
(5,415
)
 
 
 
 
Loss per share:
 
 
 
Basic
$
(6.55
)
 
$
(0.31
)
Diluted
$
(6.55
)
 
$
(0.31
)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


3


COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands) 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Net loss
$
(112,439
)
 
$
(5,363
)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
 
 
 
Currency translation adjustment
(28,889
)
 
1,970

Benefit plan liabilities adjustment, net of tax
2,682

 
1,387

Fair value change of derivatives, net of tax
(10,076
)
 
1,253

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
(36,283
)
 
4,610

Comprehensive loss
(148,722
)
 
(753
)
Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests
2,358

 
(423
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
$
(146,364
)
 
$
(1,176
)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


4


COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollar amounts in thousands except share amounts)
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
 
(unaudited)
 

Assets
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
301,841

 
$
359,536

Accounts receivable, net
335,827

 
423,155

Tooling receivable, net
139,049

 
148,175

Inventories
168,036

 
143,439

Prepaid expenses
27,859

 
34,452

Other current assets
94,191

 
93,513

Assets held for sale
25,735

 
—

Total current assets
1,092,538

 
1,202,270

Property, plant and equipment, net
909,511

 
988,277

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
113,090


83,376

Goodwill
141,870

 
142,187

Intangible assets, net
74,306

 
84,369

Other assets
152,948

 
135,103

Total assets
$
2,484,263

 
$
2,635,582

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Equity
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Debt payable within one year
$
62,530

 
$
61,449

Accounts payable
357,003

 
426,055

Payroll liabilities
82,980

 
88,486

Accrued liabilities
120,383

 
119,841

Current operating lease liabilities
21,314


24,094

Liabilities held for sale
55,452

 
—

Total current liabilities
699,662

 
719,925

Long-term debt
744,745

 
746,179

Pension benefits
133,123

 
140,010

Postretirement benefits other than pensions
43,423

 
48,313

Long-term operating lease liabilities
90,947


60,234

Other liabilities
44,802

 
44,939

Total liabilities
1,756,702

 
1,759,600

7% Cumulative participating convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding
—

 
—

Equity:
 
 
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 190,000,000 shares authorized; 18,950,351 shares issued and 16,884,542 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2020, and 18,908,566 shares issued and 16,842,757 outstanding as of December 31, 2019
17

 
17

Additional paid-in capital
492,325

 
490,451

Retained earnings
507,287

 
619,448

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(289,517
)
 
(253,741
)
Total Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. equity
710,112

 
856,175

Noncontrolling interests
17,449

 
19,807

Total equity
727,561

 
875,982

Total liabilities and equity
$
2,484,263

 
$
2,635,582

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

5


COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except share amounts)
 
Total Equity
 
Common Shares
 
Common Stock
 
Additional Paid-In Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 
Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. Equity
 
Noncontrolling Interests
 
Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2019
16,842,757

 
$
17

 
$
490,451

 
$
619,448

 
$
(253,741
)
 
$
856,175

 
$
19,807

 
$
875,982

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,573
)
 
—

 
(1,573
)
 
—

 
(1,573
)
Share-based compensation, net
41,785

 
—

 
1,874

 
—

 
—

 
1,874

 
—

 
1,874

Net loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
(110,588
)
 
—

 
(110,588
)
 
(1,851
)
 
(112,439
)
Other comprehensive loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(35,776
)
 
(35,776
)
 
(507
)
 
(36,283
)
Balance as of March 31, 2020
16,884,542

 
$
17

 
$
492,325

 
$
507,287

 
$
(289,517
)
 
$
710,112

 
$
17,449

 
$
727,561


 
Total Equity
 
Common Shares
 
Common Stock
 
Additional Paid-In Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 
Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. Equity
 
Noncontrolling Interests
 
Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2018
17,554,737

 
$
17

 
$
501,511

 
$
569,215

 
$
(245,937
)
 
$
824,806

 
$
26,669

 
$
851,475

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2,607
)
 
—

 
(2,607
)
 
—

 
(2,607
)
Repurchase of common stock
(118,774
)
 
—

 
(2,057
)
 
(3,880
)
 
—

 
(5,937
)
 
—

 
(5,937
)
Share-based compensation, net
85,937

 
—

 
4

 
(214
)
 
—

 
(210
)
 
—

 
(210
)
Contribution from noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,112

 
2,112

Net (loss) income
—

 
—

 
—

 
(5,415
)
 
—

 
(5,415
)
 
52

 
(5,363
)
Other comprehensive income
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
4,239

 
4,239

 
371

 
4,610

Balance as of March 31, 2019
17,521,900

 
$
17

 
$
499,458

 
$
557,099

 
$
(241,698
)
 
$
814,876

 
$
29,204

 
$
844,080

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 

6


COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Operating Activities:
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(112,439
)
 
$
(5,363
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
Depreciation
33,313

 
32,830

Amortization of intangibles
4,450

 
3,775

Impairment of assets held for sale
74,079

 
—

Other impairment charges
977

 
—

Share-based compensation expense
2,374

 
3,186

Equity in earnings of affiliates, net of dividends related to earnings
3,814

 
2,559

Deferred income taxes
(20,191
)
 
(964
)
Other
1,138

 
1,495

Changes in operating assets and liabilities
10,455

 
(39,366
)
Net cash used in operating activities
(2,030
)
 
(1,848
)
Investing activities:
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(50,591
)
 
(59,633
)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
—

 
(452
)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets and other
482

 
102

Net cash used in investing activities
(50,109
)
 
(59,983
)
Financing activities:
 
 
 
Principal payments on long-term debt
(1,498
)
 
(1,012
)
Increase in short-term debt, net
3,021

 
65,791

Repurchase of common stock
—

 
(6,550
)
Taxes withheld and paid on employees' share-based payment awards
(512
)
 
(2,706
)
Other
(625
)
 
1,827

Net cash provided by financing activities
386

 
57,350

Effects of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(6,200
)
 
1,477

Changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(57,953
)
 
(3,004
)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
361,742

 
267,399

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period
$
303,789

 
$
264,395

 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated balance sheet:
 
Balance as of
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents
$
301,841

 
$
359,536

Restricted cash included in other current assets
13

 
12

Restricted cash included in other assets
1,935

 
2,194

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows
$
303,789

 
$
361,742

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

7
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)


1. Overview
Basis of Presentation
Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company” or “Cooper Standard”), through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Cooper-Standard Automotive Inc. (“CSA U.S.”), is a leading manufacturer of sealing, fuel and brake delivery, and fluid transfer systems. The Company’s products are primarily for use in passenger vehicles and light trucks that are manufactured by global automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and replacement markets. The Company conducts substantially all of its activities through its subsidiaries.
During the first quarter of 2019 and in prior periods, the Company also operated an anti-vibration systems (“AVS”) product line. On April 1, 2019, the Company completed the divestiture of its AVS product line.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial information and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (the “2019 Annual Report”), as filed with the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations of the Company. The operating results for the interim period ended March 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. In preparing these financial statements, the Company has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through the date the financial statements were issued.
Immaterial Correction of Errors
During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company identified errors primarily related to periods prior to fiscal year 2019. The Company concluded these errors were not material individually or in the aggregate to any of the previously reported periods and, therefore, amendments of previously filed reports were not required. Corrections were made to the applicable prior periods reflected in the financial information herein.
The following table presents the impact of these corrections on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
As previously reported
 
Adjustment
 
As corrected
Sales
$
880,038

 
$
(2,043
)
 
$
877,995

Income tax expense
2,331

 
(297
)
 
2,034

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
157

 
(209
)
 
(52
)
Net loss attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
(3,460
)
 
(1,955
)
 
(5,415
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) per share:
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.20
)
 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.31
)
Diluted
$
(0.20
)
 
$
(0.11
)
 
$
(0.31
)
The following table presents the impact of these corrections on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss):
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
As previously reported
 
Adjustment
 
As corrected
Currency translation adjustment
$
2,219

 
$
(249
)
 
$
1,970

Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(247
)
 
(176
)
 
(423
)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
995

 
(2,171
)
 
(1,176
)
The impact of these corrections on the balance as of March 31, 2019 in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity includes a decrease to total equity of $10,022, which consists of a decrease to retained earnings of $8,765, increase to accumulated other comprehensive loss of $65, and decrease to noncontrolling interests of $1,192.

8
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the impact of these corrections on the condensed consolidated statement of cash flow included a $1,746 decrease in net income offset by an increase of $1,746 in changes in operating assets and liabilities, resulting in no impact to net cash provided by operating activities.  
2. New Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326)
On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, and all related amendments using the modified retrospective method whereby the cumulative effect of adopting the standard was recognized in equity at the date of initial application. Comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The most prominent among the changes in the standard is the consideration of losses not yet incurred, but expected, based on current conditions and future forecasts. Adoption of the new standard resulted in an immaterial increase in the allowance for credit losses, which decreased the tooling receivable on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet in 2020. The increase in credit loss expense was recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. Adoption of the new standard had no impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations or on cash provided by (used in) operating, financing or investing activities on its condensed consolidated cash flow statements.
The cumulative effects of the changes made to the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2020 were as follows:
 
Balance as of December 31, 2019
 
Adjustments due to adoption of ASC 326
 
Balance as of
January 1, 2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tooling receivable, net
$
148,175

 
$
(1,573
)
 
$
146,602

Retained earnings
619,448

 
(1,573
)
 
617,875


The Company adopted the following Accounting Standard Updates (“ASU”) during the three months ended March 31, 2020, which did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements:
Standard
Description
Effective Date
ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract
Aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software.
January 1, 2020
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting
Provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued.
January 1, 2020


9
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

3. Assets Held for Sale and Divestiture
Assets Held for Sale
In the fourth quarter of 2019, management approved a plan to sell certain manufacturing facilities within its Europe and Asia Pacific segments. The Company expects to sell the manufacturing facilities in the second quarter of 2020. The manufacturing facilities and the associated assets and liabilities met the criteria for presentation as held for sale as of March 31, 2020, and as such, the assets and liabilities associated with the transaction are separately classified as held for sale in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and depreciation of long-lived assets ceased. The planned divestiture did not meet the criteria for presentation as a discontinued operation.
The major classes of assets and liabilities held for sale were as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
Accounts receivable, net
$
17,171

Tooling receivable, net
3,508

Inventories
18,157

Prepaid expenses
3,519

Other current assets
9,817

Property, plant and equipment, net
38,691

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
2,782

Intangible assets, net
4,981

Other assets
1,188

Impairment of carrying value
(74,079
)
Total assets held for sale
$
25,735

 
 
Accounts payable
$
29,341

Payroll liabilities
5,642

Accrued liabilities
9,137

Current operating lease liabilities
955

Pension benefits
3,461

Postretirement benefits other than pensions
2,715

Long-term operating lease liabilities
2,363

Other liabilities
1,838

Total liabilities related to assets held for sale
$
55,452


Upon meeting the criteria for held for sale classification, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $74,079 to reduce the carrying value of the held for sale entities to fair value less costs to sell. Fair value, which is categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, was determined using a market approach, estimated based on expected proceeds. The fair value less cost to sell must be assessed each reporting period that the asset group remains classified as held for sale.
The impairment charge, which is subject to adjustments as the transaction is finalized, includes the anticipated release of non-cash cumulative foreign currency translation losses, which were included as part of the carrying value of the held for sale entities. These losses will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income (loss) upon closure of the transaction.
Divestiture
During the first quarter of 2019 and in prior periods, the Company also operated an AVS product line. On April 1, 2019, the Company completed its sale of the AVS product line to Continental AG.
Subsequent Event
Subsequent to the end of the Company's first quarter, on May 7, 2020, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to divest certain manufacturing facilities within its Europe and Asia Pacific segments. The planned divestiture of the facilities is expected to close in the second quarter of 2020 and is subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory and third-party approvals.

10
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

4. Revenue
Revenue is recognized for manufactured parts at a point in time, generally when products are shipped or delivered. The Company usually enters into agreements with customers to produce products at the beginning of a vehicle’s life. Blanket purchase orders received from customers and related documents generally establish the annual terms, including pricing, related to a vehicle model. Customers typically pay for parts based on customary business practices with payment terms generally between 30 and 90 days.
Revenue by customer group for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was as follows:
 
North America
 
Europe
 
Asia Pacific
 
South America
 
Corporate, Eliminations and Other
 
Consolidated
Passenger and Light Duty
$
325,982

 
$
170,781

 
$
78,742

 
$
20,439

 
$
—

 
$
595,944

Commercial
3,178

 
5,557

 
546

 
10

 
1,134

 
10,425

Other
5,641

 
8,904

 
56

 
22

 
33,898

 
48,521

Revenue
$
334,801

 
$
185,242

 
$
79,344

 
$
20,471

 
$
35,032

 
$
654,890


Revenue by customer group for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was as follows:
 
North America
 
Europe
 
Asia Pacific
 
South America
 
Corporate, Eliminations and Other
 
Consolidated
Passenger and Light Duty
$
436,866

 
$
225,451

 
$
125,355

 
$
23,192

 
$
—

 
$
810,864

Commercial
5,792

 
8,425

 
—

 
23

 
547

 
14,787

Other
5,060

 
8,524

 
97

 
22

 
38,641

 
52,344

Revenue
$
447,718

 
$
242,400

 
$
125,452

 
$
23,237

 
$
39,188

 
$
877,995

The passenger and light duty group consists of sales to automotive OEMs and automotive suppliers, while the commercial group represents sales to OEMs of on- and off-highway commercial equipment and vehicles. The other customer group includes sales related to specialty and adjacent markets.
Substantially all of the Company’s revenues were generated from sealing, fuel and brake delivery, fluid transfer and anti-vibration systems for use in passenger vehicles and light trucks manufactured by global OEMs. On April 1, 2019, the Company completed the divestiture of its AVS product line.
A summary of the Company’s products is as follows:
Product Line
 
Description
Sealing Systems
 
Protect vehicle interiors from weather, dust and noise intrusion for improved driving experience; provide aesthetic and functional class-A exterior surface treatment
Fuel & Brake Delivery Systems
 
Sense, deliver and control fluids to fuel and brake systems
Fluid Transfer Systems
 
Sense, deliver and control fluids and vapors for optimal powertrain & HVAC operation
Anti-Vibration Systems (Divested on April 1, 2019)
 
Control and isolate vibration and noise in the vehicle to improve ride and handling
Revenue by product line for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was as follows:
 
North America
 
Europe
 
Asia Pacific
 
South America
 
Corporate, Eliminations and Other
 
Consolidated
Sealing systems
$
124,556

 
$
127,246

 
$
49,024

 
$
13,549

 
$
—

 
$
314,375

Fuel and brake delivery systems
104,934

 
28,562

 
19,818

 
5,747

 
—

 
159,061

Fluid transfer systems
105,311

 
21,945

 
10,502

 
1,175

 
—

 
138,933

Other
—

 
7,489

 
—

 
—

 
35,032

 
42,521

Consolidated
$
334,801

 
$
185,242

 
$
79,344

 
$
20,471

 
$
35,032

 
$
654,890



11
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

Revenue by product line for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was as follows:
 
North America
 
Europe
 
Asia Pacific
 
South America
 
Corporate, Eliminations and Other
 
Consolidated
Sealing systems
$
145,646

 
$
155,391

 
$
83,529

 
$
17,829

 
$
—

 
$
402,395

Fuel and brake delivery systems
131,703

 
35,298

 
25,168

 
5,335

 
—

 
197,504

Fluid transfer systems
113,448

 
22,798

 
15,302

 
73

 
—

 
151,621

Anti-vibration systems
56,457

 
20,649

 
1,453

 
—

 
—

 
78,559

Other
464

 
8,264

 
—

 
—

 
39,188

 
47,916

Consolidated
$
447,718

 
$
242,400

 
$
125,452

 
$
23,237

 
$
39,188

 
$
877,995


Contract Estimates
The amount of revenue recognized is usually based on the purchase order price and adjusted for variable consideration, including pricing concessions. The Company accrues for pricing concessions by reducing revenue as products are shipped or delivered. The accruals are based on historical experience, anticipated performance and management’s best judgment. The Company also generally has ongoing adjustments to customer pricing arrangements based on the content and cost of its products. Such pricing accruals are adjusted as they are settled with customers. Customer returns are usually related to quality or shipment issues and are recorded as a reduction of revenue. The Company generally does not recognize significant return obligations due to their infrequent nature.
Contract Balances
The Company’s contract assets consist of unbilled amounts associated with variable pricing arrangements in its Asia Pacific region. Once pricing is finalized, contract assets are transferred to accounts receivable. As a result, the timing of revenue recognition and billings, as well as changes in foreign exchange rates, will impact contract assets on an ongoing basis. Contract assets were not materially impacted by any other factors during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
The Company’s contract liabilities consist of advance payments received and due from customers. Net contract assets (liabilities) consisted of the following:
 
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
 
Change
Contract assets
 
$
9,130

 
$
1,100

 
$
8,030

Contract liabilities
 
(43
)
 
(61
)
 
18

Net contract assets
 
$
9,087


$
1,039


$
8,048


Other
The Company at times enters into agreements that provide for lump sum payments to customers. These payment agreements are recorded as a reduction of revenue during the period the commitment is made. Amounts related to commitments of future payments to customers on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were current liabilities of $11,954 and $12,916, respectively, and long-term liabilities of $7,360 and $9,502, respectively.
The Company provides assurance-type warranties to its customers. Such warranties provide customers with assurance that the related product will function as intended and complies with any agreed-upon specifications, and are recognized in costs of products sold.
5. Restructuring
On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its business and objectives to ensure that it is properly configured and sized based on changing market conditions. Accordingly, the Company has implemented several restructuring initiatives, including closure or consolidation of facilities throughout the world and the reorganization of its operating structure.
The Company’s restructuring charges consist of severance, retention and outplacement services, and severance-related postemployment benefits (collectively, “employee separation costs”), other related exit costs and asset impairments related to restructuring activities. Employee separation costs are recorded based on existing union and employee contracts, statutory requirements, completed negotiations and Company policy.

12
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

Restructuring expense by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
North America
$
3,703

 
$
5,208

Europe
2,193

 
6,103

Asia Pacific
133

 
2,513

South America
1,202

 
16

Total Automotive
7,231

 
13,840

Corporate and other
45

 
3,875

Total
$
7,276

 
$
17,715


Restructuring activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was as follows:
 
Employee Separation Costs
 
Other Exit Costs
 
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019
$
22,990

 
$
4,005

 
$
26,995

Expense
4,415

 
2,861

 
7,276

Cash payments
(6,362
)
 
(3,037
)
 
(9,399
)
Foreign exchange translation and other
(626
)
 
(38
)
 
(664
)
Balance as of March 31, 2020
$
20,417

 
$
3,791

 
$
24,208


6. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Finished goods
$
54,135

 
$
57,070

Work in process
36,741

 
33,753

Raw materials and supplies
77,160

 
52,616

 
$
168,036

 
$
143,439


7. Leases
The Company primarily has operating and finance leases for certain manufacturing facilities, corporate offices and certain equipment. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, current operating lease liabilities and long-term operating lease liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2020. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, net, debt payable within one year, and long-term debt on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The components of lease expense were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Operating lease expense
$
8,605

 
$
8,680

Short-term lease expense
1,010

 
679

Variable lease expense
250

 
215

Finance lease expense:
 
 
 
Amortization of right-of-use assets
681

 
443

Interest on lease liabilities
385

 
455

Total lease expense
$
10,931

 
$
10,472



13
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

Other information related to leases was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Supplemental Cash Flows Information
 
 
 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
 
 
 
     Operating cash flows for operating leases
$
7,933

 
$
8,656

     Operating cash flows for finance leases
410

 
323

     Financing cash flows for finance leases
648

 
267

Non-cash right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
 
 
 
     Operating leases
37,205

 
164

     Finance leases
61

 
9,452

 
 
 
 
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years)
 
 
 
Operating leases
8.2

 
5.5

Finance leases
11.1

 
12.0

 
 
 
 
Weighted Average Discount Rate
 
 
 
Operating leases
5.3
%
 
4.7
%
Finance leases
6.1
%
 
9.6
%

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of March 31, 2020 were as follows:
Year
 
Operating Leases
 
Finance
Leases
Remainder of 2020
 
$
21,117

 
$
2,696

2021
 
23,120

 
3,543

2022
 
18,019

 
3,301

2023
 
15,143

 
3,047

2024
 
12,385

 
3,190

Thereafter
 
56,959

 
23,988

    Total future minimum lease payments
 
146,743

 
39,765

Less imputed interest
 
(31,164
)
 
(11,059
)
    Total
 
$
115,579

 
$
28,706


Amounts recognized on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Operating Leases
 
 
 
Assets held for sale
$
2,782

 
$
—

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
113,090

 
83,376

Current operating lease liabilities
21,314

 
24,094

Liabilities held for sale
3,318

 
—

Long-term operating lease liabilities
90,947

 
60,234

 
 
 
 
Finance Leases
 
 
 
Debt payable within one year
2,284

 
2,343

Long-term debt
26,422

 
27,430



14
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, assets recorded under finance leases, net of accumulated depreciation were $31,705 and $32,571, respectively. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had additional operating leases, primarily for real estate, that have not yet commenced with undiscounted lease payments of approximately $1,725. These operating leases will commence in 2020 with lease terms up to 10 years.
8. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consists of the following:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Land and improvements
$
56,571

 
$
66,670

Buildings and improvements
278,531

 
310,797

Machinery and equipment
1,163,390

 
1,204,457

Construction in progress
149,995

 
161,951

 
1,648,487

 
1,743,875

Accumulated depreciation
(738,976
)
 
(755,598
)
Property, plant and equipment, net
$
909,511

 
$
988,277


Due to the deterioration of financial results in a certain Asia Pacific location, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $977 during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The fair value was determined using estimated orderly liquidation value, which was deemed the highest and best use of the assets. Based on the Company’s interim impairment assessment, the Company has determined there were no additional indicators of impairment identified during the three months ended March 31, 2020. However, the Company continues to monitor the impacts of COVID-19 on its business and a lack of recovery of production volumes could result in an impairment charge in future periods.
9. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit for the three months ended March 31, 2020 were as follows:
 
North America
 
Industrial Specialty Group
 
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019
$
142,187

 
$
—

 
$
142,187

Reorganization
(14,036
)
 
14,036

 
—

Foreign exchange translation
(317
)
 
—

 
(317
)
Balance as of March 31, 2020
$
127,834

 
$
14,036

 
$
141,870


The Company’s organizational structure changed on January 1, 2020. See Note 22. “Segment Reporting” for further detail on this reorganization of the Company’s business. Prior to this reorganization, the Company’s North America operating segment was the only reporting unit in which goodwill was recorded. As a result of the reorganization, a portion of the goodwill that was previously attributable to the North America reporting unit was reallocated to the Industrial Specialty Group reporting unit based on the relative fair value approach. The Industrial Specialty Group reporting unit is a component of the Advanced Technology Group operating segment, which is reflected in “Corporate, eliminations and other”.
The reorganization of the business represented a triggering event to test goodwill for impairment as of January 1, 2020. No impairment was identified as a result of completing the goodwill impairment test.
Goodwill is tested for impairment by reporting unit annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist. Other than the reorganization event noted above, there were no other indicators of potential impairment during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The Company continues to monitor the significant global economic uncertainty as a result of COVID-19 to assess the outlook for demand for products and the impact on the Company’s business and overall financial performance. A lack of recovery or further deterioration in market conditions and production volumes, among other factors, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic could result in an impairment charge in future periods.



15
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

Intangible Assets
Intangible assets and accumulated amortization balances as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships
$
154,345

 
$
(116,066
)
 
$
38,279

Other
43,595

 
(7,568
)
 
36,027

Balance as of March 31, 2020
$
197,940

 
$
(123,634
)
 
$
74,306

 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationships
$
156,557

 
$
(113,871
)
 
$
42,686

Other
49,556

 
(7,873
)
 
41,683

Balance as of December 31, 2019
$
206,113

 
$
(121,744
)
 
$
84,369

10. Debt
A summary of outstanding debt as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Senior Notes
$
395,293

 
$
395,114

Term Loan
325,455

 
326,061

ABL Facility
—

 
—

Finance leases
28,706

 
29,773

Other borrowings
57,821

 
56,680

Total debt
807,275

 
807,628

Less current portion
(62,530
)
 
(61,449
)
Total long-term debt
$
744,745

 
$
746,179


5.625% Senior Notes due 2026
In November 2016, the Company issued $400,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.625% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Senior Notes”). The Senior Notes mature on November 15, 2026. Interest on the Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears in cash on May 15 and November 15 of each year.
Debt issuance costs related to the Senior Notes are amortized into interest expense over the term of the Senior Notes. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $4,707 and $4,886 of unamortized debt issuance costs, respectively, related to the Senior Notes, which are presented as direct deductions from the principal balance in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Term Loan Facility
Also in November 2016, the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to its senior term loan facility (“Term Loan Facility”), which provides for loans in an aggregate principal amount of $340,000. Subject to certain conditions, the Term Loan Facility, without the consent of the then-existing lenders (but subject to the receipt of commitments), may be expanded (or a new term loan or revolving facility added) by an amount that will not cause the consolidated secured net debt ratio to exceed 2.25 to 1.00 plus $400,000 plus any voluntary prepayments, including the ABL Facility (as defined below) to the extent commitments are reduced, not funded from proceeds of long-term indebtedness. The Term Loan Facility matures on November 2, 2023, unless earlier terminated.
On May 2, 2017, the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Term Loan Facility to modify the interest rate. Subsequently, on March 6, 2018, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Term Loan Facility to further modify the interest rate. In accordance with this amendment, borrowings under the Term Loan Facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either (1) with respect to Eurodollar rate loans, the greater of the applicable Eurodollar rate and 0.75% plus 2.0% per annum, or (2) with respect to base rate loans, the base rate, (which is the highest of the then current federal funds rate plus 0.5%, the prime rate most recently announced by the administrative agent under the term loan, and the one-month Eurodollar rate plus 1.0%) plus 1.0% per annum.

16
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $2,125 and $2,273 of unamortized debt issuance costs, respectively, and $1,370 and $1,466 of unamortized original issue discount, respectively, related to the Term Loan Facility, which are presented as direct deductions from the principal balance in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Both the debt issuance costs and the original issue discount are amortized into interest expense over the term of the Term Loan Facility.
ABL Facility
In November 2016, the Company entered into a Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement of its ABL Facility, which provided an aggregate revolving loan availability of up to $210,000, subject to borrowing base availability. In March 2020, the Company entered into the First Amendment of the Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement (“the Amendment”). As a result of the Amendment, the senior asset-based revolving credit facility (“ABL Facility”) maturity was extended to March 2025 and the aggregate revolving loan availability was reduced to $180,000. The aggregate revolving loan availability includes a $100,000 letter of credit sub-facility and a $25,000 swing line sub-facility. The ABL Facility also provides for an uncommitted $100,000 incremental loan facility, for a potential total ABL Facility of $280,000, if requested by the borrowers under the ABL Facility and the lenders agree to fund such increase. No consent of any lender is required to effect any such increase, except for those participating in the increase.
As of March 31, 2020, there were no loans outstanding under the ABL Facility. The Company’s borrowing base was $173,278. Net of the 10% of the borrowing base that cannot be borrowed without triggering the fixed charge coverage ratio maintenance covenant and $10,289 of outstanding letters of credit, the Company effectively had $145,661 available for borrowing under its ABL facility.
Any borrowings under the ABL Facility will mature, and the commitments of the lenders under the ABL Facility will terminate, on the earlier of March 24, 2025 or the date 91 days prior to the maturity date of the Term Loan Facility (or another fixed asset facility replacing the Term Loan Facility).
As a result of the Amendment, the Company wrote off $177 in unamortized debt issuance costs, which are presented in interest expense, net of interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $1,352 and $657, respectively, of unamortized debt issuance costs related to the ABL Facility, which are presented in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Debt Covenants
The Company was in compliance with all covenants of the Senior Notes, Term Loan Facility and ABL Facility as of March 31, 2020.
Other
Other borrowings as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 reflect borrowings under local bank lines classified in debt payable within one year on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
11. Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based upon assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a three-tier fair value hierarchy is utilized, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1:
Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2:
Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3:
Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

17
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Estimates of the fair value of foreign currency and interest rate derivative instruments are determined using exchange traded prices and rates. The Company also considers the risk of non-performance in the estimation of fair value and includes an adjustment for non-performance risk in the measure of fair value of derivative instruments. In certain instances where market data is not available, the Company uses management judgment to develop assumptions that are used to determine fair value. Fair value measurements and the fair value hierarchy level for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
 
Input
Forward foreign exchange contracts - other current assets
$
203

 
$
467

 
Level 2
Forward foreign exchange contracts - accrued liabilities
(12,777
)
 
(42
)
 
Level 2

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
In addition to items that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, which are not included in the table above. As these nonrecurring fair value measurements are generally determined using unobservable inputs, these fair value measurements are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For further information on assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis see Note 3. “Assets Held for Sale and Divestiture” and Note 8. “Property, Plant and Equipment.”
Items Not Carried at Fair Value
Fair values of the Company’s Senior Notes and Term Loan Facility were as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Aggregate fair value
$
476,660

 
$
693,600

Aggregate carrying value (1)
728,950

 
729,800


(1) Excludes unamortized debt issuance costs and unamortized original issue discount.
Fair values were based on quoted market prices and are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. The Company enters into derivative instruments primarily to hedge portions of its forecasted foreign currency denominated cash flows and designates these derivative instruments as cash flow hedges in order to qualify for hedge accounting.
The Company formally documents its hedge relationships, including the identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the cash flow hedges. The Company also formally assesses whether a cash flow hedge is highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the hedged item. Derivatives are recorded at fair value in other current assets, other assets, accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities. For a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and reclassified into earnings when the underlying hedged transaction is realized. The realized gains and losses are recorded on the same line as the hedged transaction in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by its counterparties on its derivative financial instruments. The Company mitigates this credit risk exposure by entering into agreements directly with major financial institutions with high credit standards that are expected to fully satisfy their obligations under the contracts.
Cash Flow Hedges
Forward Foreign Exchange Contracts - The Company uses forward contracts to mitigate the potential volatility to earnings and cash flow arising from changes in currency exchange rates that impact the Company’s foreign currency transactions. The principal currencies hedged by the Company include various European currencies, the Canadian Dollar, and the Mexican Peso. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the notional amount of these contracts was $101,856 and $92,150, respectively, and consisted of hedges of transactions up to December 2020.
Interest rate swaps - The Company has historically used interest rate swap contracts to manage cash flow variability associated with its variable rate Term Loan Facility. The interest rate swap contract, which fixes the interest payments of variable

18
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

rate debt instruments, is used to manage exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. As of March 31, 2020, there were no interest rate swap contracts outstanding.
Pretax amounts related to the Company’s cash flow hedges that were recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”) were as follows:
 
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Forward foreign exchange contracts
$
(12,871
)
 
$
1,943


Pretax amounts related to the Company’s cash flow hedges that were reclassified from AOCI were as follows:
 
 
 
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI to Income
 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
Classification
 
2020
 
2019
Forward foreign exchange contracts
Cost of products sold
 
$
115

 
$
325


12. Accounts Receivable Factoring
As a part of its working capital management, the Company sells certain receivables through a single third-party financial institution in a pan-European program (the “Factor”). The amount sold varies each month based on the amount of underlying receivables and cash flow needs of the Company. These are permitted transactions under the Company’s credit agreements governing the ABL Facility and Term Loan Facility and the indenture governing the Senior Notes. The European factoring facility, which was renewed in March 2020, allows the Company to factor up to €120 million of its Euro-denominated accounts receivable, accelerating access to cash and reducing credit risk. The factoring facility expires in December 2023.
Costs incurred on the sale of receivables are recorded in other expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The sale of receivables under this contract is considered an off-balance sheet arrangement to the Company and is accounted for as a true sale and is excluded from accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Amounts outstanding under receivable transfer agreements entered into by various locations as of the period end were as follows:
 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Off-balance sheet arrangements
$
102,605

 
$
103,818


Accounts receivable factored and related costs throughout the period were as follows:
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Accounts receivable factored
$
176,508

 
$
173,703

Costs
309

 
325


The Company continues to service sold receivables and acts as collection agent for the Factor. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, cash collections on behalf of the Factor that have yet to be remitted were $17,377 and $21,485, respectively, and are reflected in cash and cash equivalents in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

19
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

13. Pension and Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions
The components of net periodic benefit (income) cost for the Company’s defined benefit plans and other postretirement benefit plans were as follows:
 
 Pension Benefits
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
 
 U.S.
 
 Non-U.S.
 
 U.S.
 
 Non-U.S.
Service cost
$
213

 
$
989

 
$
189

 
$
1,111

Interest cost
2,033

 
782

 
2,952

 
1,060

Expected return on plan assets
(3,421
)
 
(577
)
 
(4,155
)
 
(595
)
Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial loss
485

 
794

 
781

 
616

Net periodic benefit (income) cost
$
(690
)
 
$
1,988

 
$
(233
)
 
$
2,192

 
 
 Other Postretirement Benefits
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
 
 U.S.
 
 Non-U.S.
 
 U.S.
 
 Non-U.S.
Service cost
$
26

 
$
96

 
$
41

 
$
117

Interest cost
170

 
173

 
259

 
203

Amortization of prior service credit and actuarial gain
(483
)
 
107

 
(742
)
 
38

Net periodic benefit (income) cost
$
(287
)
 
$
376

 
$
(442
)
 
$
358

The service cost component of net periodic benefit (income) cost is included in cost of products sold and selling, administrative and engineering expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. All other components of net periodic benefit (income) cost are included in other expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.
In accordance with the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), the Company will defer making minimum funding cash contributions of approximately $3,600 to its U.S. pension plans until 2021.
14. Other Expense, Net
The components of other expense, net were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Foreign currency losses
$
(3,232
)
 
$
(284
)
Components of net periodic benefit cost other than service cost
(63
)
 
(417
)
Losses on sales of receivables
(309
)
 
(325
)
Miscellaneous income
164

 
230

Other expense, net
$
(3,440
)
 
$
(796
)

15. Income Taxes
The Company determines its effective tax rate each quarter based upon its estimated annual effective tax rate. The Company records the tax impact of certain unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, in the interim period in which they occur. In addition, jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate.

20
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

Income tax (benefit) expense, loss before income taxes and the corresponding effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Income tax (benefit) expense
$
(14,117
)
 
$
2,034

Loss before income taxes
(126,556
)
 
(3,329
)
Effective tax rate
11
%
 
(61
)%

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019 was higher primarily due to the geographic mix of pre-tax losses driven by the impairment charge on held for sale entities and the inability to record a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions. Additionally, a discrete expense of $13,309 for the initial recognition of valuation allowances against net deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions was recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2020. In accordance with recent legislation, one of the business tax provisions of the CARES Act included allowing net operating losses (“NOL”) generated by the Company in tax years to be carried back up to five years at the tax rates in effect during those periods, rather than carried forward at current federal tax rates of 21%. The Company has included a benefit in the estimated annual effective tax rate for this CARES Act provision which was used to calculate the income tax benefit recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2020. The income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 varies from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the inability to record a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions to the extent not offset by other categories of income, tax credits, the impact of income taxes on foreign earnings taxed at rates varying from the U.S. statutory rate, and other permanent items. Further, the Company’s current and future provision for income taxes is impacted by the initial recognition of and changes in valuation allowances in certain countries. The Company intends to maintain these valuation allowances until it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized.
16. Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
Basic net loss per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. was computed by dividing net loss attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. was computed using the treasury stock method by dividing diluted net loss available to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, including the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents, using the average share price during the period.
Information used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Net loss available to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. common stockholders
$
(110,588
)
 
$
(5,415
)
 
 
 
 
Basic weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
16,883,717

 
17,535,195

Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents
—

 
—

Diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
16,883,717

 
17,535,195

 
 
 
 
Basic net loss per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
$
(6.55
)
 
$
(0.31
)
 
 
 
 
Diluted net loss per share attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
$
(6.55
)
 
$
(0.31
)


21
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

17. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of related tax, were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2020
 
2019
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
(153,933
)
 
$
(141,104
)
 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
(28,382
)
(1) 
1,599

(1) 
Balance at end of period
$
(182,315
)
 
$
(139,505
)
 
Benefit plan liabilities
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
(100,160
)
 
$
(104,375
)
 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
2,024

(2) 
877

(2) 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
658

(3) 
510

(4) 
Balance at end of period
$
(97,478
)
 
$
(102,988
)
 
Fair value change of derivatives
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
352

 
$
(458
)
 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
(9,984
)
(5) 
1,490

(5) 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
(92
)
(6) 
(237
)
(6) 
Balance at end of period
$
(9,724
)
 
$
795

 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, ending balance
$
(289,517
)
 
$
(241,698
)
 
(1)
Includes other comprehensive income (loss) related to intra-entity foreign currency balances that are of a long-term investment nature of $(22,703) and $2,814 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  
(2)
Net of tax expense of $337 and $11 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
(3)
Includes the effect of the amortization of actuarial losses of $872 and amortization of prior service cost of $21, net of tax of $235. See Note 13. “Pension and Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions.”
(4)
Includes the effect of the amortization of prior service credits of $79, offset by the amortization of actuarial losses of $773, net of tax of $184. See Note 13. “Pension and Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions.”
(5)
Net of tax (benefit) expense of $(2,887) and $453 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. See Note 11. “Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments.”
(6)
Net of tax expense of $23 and $88 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. See Note 11. “Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments.”
18. Common Stock
Share Repurchase Program
In June 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a common stock repurchase program (the “2018 Program”) authorizing the Company to repurchase, in the aggregate, up to $150,000 of its outstanding common stock. Under the 2018 Program, repurchases may be made on the open market, through private transactions, accelerated share repurchases, round lot or block transactions on the New York Stock Exchange or otherwise, as determined by management and in accordance with prevailing market conditions and federal securities laws and regulations. The Company expects to fund any future repurchases from cash on hand and future cash flows from operations. The Company is not obligated to acquire a particular amount of securities, and the 2018 Program may be discontinued at any time at the Company’s discretion. The 2018 Program became effective in November 2018. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $98,720 of repurchase authorization remaining under the 2018 Program.
The Company did not make any repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company repurchased 85,000 shares at an average purchase price of $69.85 per share, excluding commissions, for a total cost of $5,937.

22
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

19. Share-Based Compensation
The Company’s long-term incentive plans allow for the grant of various types of share-based awards to key employees and directors of the Company and its affiliates. The Company generally awards grants on an annual basis.
In February 2020, the Company granted Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”), Performance Units (“PUs”) and stock options. The RSUs cliff vest after three years, the PUs vest ratably over three years after the initial two-year performance period, and the stock options vest ratably over three years. The number of PUs that will vest depends on the Company’s achievement of target performance goals related to the Company’s return on invested capital (“ROIC”) and total shareholder return, which may range from 0% to 200% of the target award amount.
Share-based compensation expense was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
PUs
$
74

 
$
649

RSUs
1,643

 
1,722

Stock options
657

 
815

Total
$
2,374

 
$
3,186


20. Related Party Transactions
A summary of the material related party transactions with affiliates accounted for under the equity method was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
Sales(1)
$
6,075

 
$
7,434

Purchases(2)
156

 
325

Dividends received(3)
5,245

 
4,917


(1) Relates to transactions with Nishikawa Cooper LLC (“NISCO”)
(2) Relates to transactions with NISCO and Polyrub Cooper Standard FTS Private Limited
(3) From NISCO and Nishikawa Tachaplalert Cooper Ltd. inclusive of any gross up of dividend related to withholding tax
Amounts receivable from NISCO as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were $4,070 and $4,297, respectively.
21. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is periodically involved in claims, litigation and various legal matters that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues for litigation exposure when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Any resulting adjustments, which could be material, are recorded in the period the adjustments are identified. As of March 31, 2020, the Company does not believe that there is a reasonable possibility that any material loss exceeding the amounts already recognized for claims, litigation and various legal matters, if any, has been incurred. However, the ultimate resolutions of these proceedings and matters are inherently unpredictable. As such, the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows could be adversely affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more of these proceedings or matters.
In addition, the Company conducts and monitors environmental investigations and remedial actions at certain locations. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the undiscounted reserve for environmental investigation and remediation was approximately $5,835 and $6,104, respectively. While the Company’s costs to defend and settle known claims arising under environmental laws have not been material in the past and are not currently estimated to be material, such costs may be material in the future.

23
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

22. Segment Reporting
The Company’s organizational structure changed on January 1, 2020, creating a global automotive business (“Automotive”) and Advanced Technology Group (“ATG”). The Company’s business is now organized in the following reportable segments: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. ATG and all other business activities are reported in Corporate, eliminations and other. The Corporate, eliminations and other External Sales and Intersegment Sales amounts previously reported for the three months ended March 31, 2019 have been reclassified from North America and Europe from the table below. The adjusted EBITDA amounts previously reported for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and Segment Asset amounts previously reported as of December 31, 2019 have been reclassified from North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America from the tables below.
The Company’s principal products within each of these segments are sealing, fuel and brake delivery, and fluid transfer systems. During the first quarter of 2019 and in prior periods, the Company also operated an anti-vibration systems product line. On April 1, 2019, the Company completed the divestiture of the AVS product line.
The Company uses Segment adjusted EBITDA as the measure of earnings to assess the performance of each segment and determine the resources to be allocated to the segments. The results of each segment include certain allocations for general, administrative and other shared costs. Segment adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.


24
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share and share amounts)

Certain financial information on the Company’s reportable segments was as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2020
 
2019
 
 
External Sales
 
Intersegment Sales
 
Adjusted EBITDA
 
External Sales
 
Intersegment Sales
 
Adjusted EBITDA
North America
 
$
334,801

 
$
4,468

 
$
37,019

 
$
447,718

 
$
4,707

 
$
59,151

Europe
 
185,242

 
3,091

 
(4,623
)
 
242,400

 
3,085

 
9,275

Asia Pacific
 
79,344

 
457

 
(17,057
)
 
125,452

 
741

 
(407
)
South America
 
20,471

 
68

 
(4,577
)
 
23,237

 
5

 
(1,033
)
Total Automotive
 
619,858

 
8,084

 
10,762

 
838,807

 
8,538

 
66,986

Corporate, eliminations and other
 
35,032

 
(8,084
)
 
(2,483
)
 
39,188

 
(8,538
)
 
(2,852
)
Consolidated
 
$
654,890

 
$
—

 
$
8,279

 
$
877,995

 
$
—

 
$
64,134


 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020

2019
Adjusted EBITDA
$
8,279

 
$
64,134

Impairment of assets held for sale
(74,079
)
 
—

Restructuring charges
(7,276
)
 
(17,715
)
Project costs
(2,425
)
 
(1,263
)
Other impairment charges
(684
)
 
—

Lease termination costs
(520
)
 
—

EBITDA
$
(76,705
)
 
$
45,156

Income tax benefit (expense)
14,117

 
(2,034
)
Interest expense, net of interest income
(10,237
)
 
(11,932
)
Depreciation and amortization
(37,763
)
 
(36,605
)
Net loss attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
$
(110,588
)
 
$
(5,415
)

 
March 31, 2020
 
December 31, 2019
Segment assets:
 
 
 
North America
$
1,011,035

 
$
1,040,650

Europe
455,656

 
553,977

Asia Pacific
536,618

 
614,952

South America
58,923

 
65,438

Total Automotive
2,062,232

 
2,275,017

Corporate, eliminations and other
422,031

 
360,565

Consolidated
$
2,484,263

 
$
2,635,582



25


Item 2.        Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is intended to assist in understanding and assessing the trends and significant changes in our results of operations and financial condition. Our historical results may not indicate, and should not be relied upon as an indication of, our future performance. Our forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events, are based on assumptions and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by these statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” below for a discussion of risks associated with reliance on forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause differences between actual results and those contemplated by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“2019 Annual Report”) see Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” The following should be read in conjunction with our 2019 Annual Report and the other information included herein. Our discussion of trends and conditions supplements and updates such discussion included in our 2019 Annual Report. References in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q (the “Report”) to “we,” “our,” or the “Company” refer to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries.
Executive Overview
Our Business
We design, manufacture and sell sealing, fuel and brake delivery, and fluid transfer systems for use primarily in passenger vehicles and light trucks manufactured by global automotive original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”). We are primarily a “Tier 1” supplier, with approximately 83% of our sales in 2019 made directly to major OEMs. We operate our business along the following reportable segments: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. All other business activities are reported in Corporate, eliminations and other.
During the first quarter of 2019 and in prior periods, we also operated an anti-vibration systems (“AVS”) business. On April 1, 2019, we completed the divestiture of the anti-vibration systems business.
Recent Trends and Conditions
General Economic Conditions and Outlook
The global automotive industry is susceptible to uncertain economic conditions that could adversely impact new vehicle demand and production. Business conditions may vary significantly from period to period or region to region. The COVID-19 pandemic created an unusually high degree of economic disruption during the first quarter of 2020 and is continuing to drive uncertainty for the economic outlook and the automotive industry around the world. Economists at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) are now expecting the global economy to contract by approximately 3.0% in 2020.
Economic conditions and consumer confidence in North America have been negatively impacted by concerns over the COVID-19 pandemic and government imposed lock-downs to contain the spread of the disease. The United States government has taken historic measures to provide fiscal stimulus to the economy in an effort to sustain businesses, limit job losses and preempt deeper declines in consumer confidence. Despite these efforts, IMF economists now expect economic contraction of approximately 6.0% for the region in 2020. In addition, the IMF is projecting unemployment in North America will approach 10.4% for the year.
The duration of the government imposed lock-downs, while unknown at this time, will be a major determinant of when economic recovery can begin. Even after the lock-downs are lifted, concerns about a resurgence of COVID-19 cases and uncertainty related to the presidential election in the United States will likely weigh on consumer confidence for an extended period of time.
In the European region, the IMF is projecting economic contraction of approximately 6.6% for 2020. Unemployment rates will vary by country, but are generally expected to increase by 200 to 500 basis points versus 2019 levels. Geopolitical concerns and the implementation of new environmental regulations in the automotive industry will continue to weigh on the economies of the region but have been superseded by concerns over the current and potential future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Certain European governments have mandated closures of broad segments of the economy, and the timing of when industries are allowed to resume operations will be a key to beginning a recovery.
In the Asia Pacific region, the IMF expects China’s economic growth rate to slow to just 1.0% in 2020 following two months of aggressive COVID-19 containment measures during the first quarter. While the containment measures have been lifted and industries are currently ramping up towards full production, significant challenges remain for the Chinese economy. Consumer confidence is likely to remain suppressed for a period of time, dampening both investment and consumption. In addition, potential new policies by the United States and other developed countries that would encourage the repatriation of

26


production of certain strategically sensitive products in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic could reduce export demand and further pressure employment levels.
In South America, the IMF estimates that the Brazilian economy will contract by approximately 5.3% in 2020 as compared to 2019. Unemployment is projected to increase to nearly 15.0%. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Brazilian government has approved an aggressive fiscal spending package to stimulate economic activity. While seen as urgently necessary, this spending will add to the country’s already high national debt level and could lead to lower consumer confidence and foreign investment in the region going forward. We remain cautious for the mid to long-term outlook given the long history of political instability and economic volatility in the region.
Raw Materials
Our business is susceptible to inflationary pressures with respect to raw materials which may place operational and profitability burdens on the entire supply chain. Costs related to raw materials, such as steel, aluminum, and oil and oil-derived commodities, continue to be volatile. In addition, we continue to expect commodity cost volatility to have an impact on future earnings and operating cash flows. As such, on an ongoing basis, we work with our customers and suppliers to mitigate both inflationary pressures and our material-related cost exposures.
Production Levels
Our business is directly affected by the automotive vehicle production rates in North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. Beginning in early Q1 2020, as a result of COVID-19, we experienced the shutdown of effectively all of our facilities in Asia Pacific coinciding with the shutdown of our customer facilities in that region. Facility shutdowns then occurred in March 2020 for a majority of our facilities in North America, Europe and South America.
Production resumed in Asia Pacific by the end of Q1 2020, albeit at a lower capacity. We anticipate that production will increase steadily throughout Q2 2020. We expect production to gradually resume in Q2 2020 for our North America, Europe and South America facilities, in conjunction with production resuming for our customers in the regions. We are collaborating closely with our customers in preparing our own restart plans, while also adding enhanced safety standards and measures to protect our employees.
Light vehicle production in certain regions for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
(In millions of units)
2020(1)
 
2019(1)
 
% Change
North America
3.8

 
4.2

 
(10.3)%
Europe
4.6

 
5.7

 
(18.9)%
Asia Pacific
8.2

 
11.7

 
(30.1)%
Greater China
3.2

 
6.0

 
(46.1)%
South America
0.7

 
0.8

 
(16.9)%
(1)
Production data based on IHS Automotive, April 2020.
Total vehicle production has decreased substantially across the globe. The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as the biggest risk factor facing the automotive industry. Plant shutdowns have greatly slowed production and been accompanied by decreased demand for vehicles, as new vehicle sales are highly dependent on strong consumer confidence and low unemployment. Until consumers regain confidence in the markets and unemployment returns to lower levels, new vehicle sales, particularly of light vehicles, will likely be significantly lower than historical and previously forecasted sales levels. We expect that as customers restart production, they will focus on their most profitable platforms including light trucks, sport utility vehicles and crossover vehicles.

27


Results of Operations
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020
 
2019
 
Change
 
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Sales
$
654,890

 
$
877,995

 
$
(223,105
)
Cost of products sold
611,747

 
762,490

 
(150,743
)
Gross profit
43,143

 
115,505

 
(72,362
)
Selling, administration & engineering expenses
70,671

 
86,974

 
(16,303
)
Amortization of intangibles
4,450

 
3,775

 
675

Restructuring charges
7,276

 
17,715

 
(10,439
)
Impairment of assets held for sale
74,079

 
—

 
74,079

Other impairment charges
977

 
—

 
977

Operating (loss) profit
(114,310
)
 
7,041

 
(121,351
)
Interest expense, net of interest income
(10,237
)
 
(11,932
)
 
1,695

Equity in earnings of affiliates
1,431

 
2,358

 
(927
)
Other expense, net
(3,440
)
 
(796
)
 
(2,644
)
Loss before income taxes
(126,556
)
 
(3,329
)
 
(123,227
)
Income tax (benefit) expense
(14,117
)
 
2,034

 
(16,151
)
Net loss
(112,439
)
 
(5,363
)
 
(107,076
)
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests
1,851

 
(52
)
 
1,903

Net loss attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
$
(110,588
)
 
$
(5,415
)
 
$
(105,173
)

28


Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Compared with Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Sales
Sales for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased 25.4%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decline was mainly driven by the decrease in vehicle production volume due to government imposed global lock-downs related to the COVID-19 pandemic, the sale of our AVS product line, customer price reductions and foreign exchange.
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
Variance Due To:
 
2020
 
2019
 
Change
 
 
Volume / Mix*
 
Foreign Exchange
 
Acquisitions / Divestiture, Net
 
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Total sales
$
654,890

 
$
877,995

 
$
(223,105
)
 
 
$
(131,819
)
 
$
(13,540
)
 
$
(77,746
)
* Net of customer price reductions
Gross Profit
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
Variance Due To:
 
2020
 
2019
 
Change
 
 
Volume / Mix*
 
Foreign Exchange
 
Cost Increases / (Decreases)**
 
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Cost of products sold
$
611,747

 
$
762,490

 
$
(150,743
)
 
 
$
(67,676
)
 
$
(11,055
)
 
$
(72,012
)
Gross profit
43,143

 
115,505

 
(72,362
)
 
 
(64,143
)
 
(2,485
)
 
(5,734
)
Gross profit percentage of sales
6.6
%
 
13.2
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
* Net of customer price reductions
** Includes the net impact of acquisitions and divestiture
Cost of products sold is primarily comprised of material, labor, manufacturing overhead, freight, depreciation, warranty costs and other direct operating expenses. The Company’s material cost of products sold was approximately 47% and 52% of total cost of products sold for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The change in the cost of products sold was driven by government imposed global lock-downs related to the COVID-19 pandemic, the sale of our AVS product line, continuous improvement and lean manufacturing, material cost reductions, commodity price fluctuations, foreign exchanges, and wage inflation.
Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased $72.4 million or 62.6% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was driven by the decline in vehicle production volume due to government imposed global lock-downs related to the COVID-19 pandemic, customer price reductions, commodity price inflation, foreign exchange pressures, and wage inflation. These items were partially offset by net favorable operational performance, restructuring savings, and material cost reductions.
Selling, Administration and Engineering Expense. Selling, administration and engineering expense includes administrative expenses as well as product engineering and design and development costs. Sales, administration and engineering expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was 10.8% of sales compared to 9.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in rate was driven by lower total sales while the decrease in amount was driven by savings generated from lower compensation-related expenses and the sale of our AVS product line, partially offset by general inflation.
Restructuring. Restructuring charges for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased $10.4 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by lower restructuring charges in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific, as certain salaried employee initiatives in North America and footprint rationalization initiatives in Europe and Asia Pacific were substantially completed.
Impairment Charges. Non-cash impairment charges of $74.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 related to reducing the carrying value of the held for sale facilities to fair value less costs to sell. Fair value was determined using a market approach, estimated based on expected proceeds. Other non-cash impairment charges of $1.0 million related to property, plant and equipment in the Asia Pacific region.
Interest Expense, Net. Net interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 decreased $1.7 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019, primarily due to lower outstanding debt balances.
Other Expense, Net. Other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 increased $2.6 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019 primarily due to higher foreign currency losses.

29


Income Tax Expense. Income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $14.1 million on a loss before income taxes of $126.6 million. This compares to an income tax expense of $2.0 million on a loss before income taxes of $3.3 million for the same period of 2019. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2019 differed primarily due to the geographic mix of pre-tax losses driven by the impairment change on held for sale entities and the inability to record a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions. Additionally, a discrete expense of $13.3 million for the initial recognition of valuation allowances against net deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions was recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Segment Results of Operations
Our business is now organized in the following reportable segments: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific and South America. All other business activities are reported in Corporate, eliminations and other. The Company uses Segment adjusted EBITDA as the measure of earnings to assess the performance of each segment and determine the resources to be allocated to the segments. We have defined adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, restructuring expense, and special items.
The following tables present sales and segment adjusted EBITDA for each of the reportable segments.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Compared with Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Sales
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
Variance Due To:
 
2020
 
2019
 
Change
 
 
Volume/ Mix*
 
Foreign Exchange
 
Acquisitions/ Divestiture, Net

 
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Sales to external customers
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North America
$
334,801

 
$
447,718

 
$
(112,917
)
 
 
$
(57,291
)
 
$
(795
)
 
$
(54,831
)
Europe
185,242

 
242,400

 
(57,158
)
 
 
(29,880
)
 
(5,816
)
 
(21,462
)
Asia Pacific
79,344

 
125,452

 
(46,108
)
 
 
(41,669
)
 
(2,986
)
 
(1,453
)
South America
20,471

 
23,237

 
(2,766
)
 
 
830

 
(3,596
)
 
—

Total Automotive
619,858

 
838,807

 
(218,949
)
 
 
(128,010
)
 
(13,193
)
 
(77,746
)
Corporate, eliminations and other
35,032

 
39,188

 
(4,156
)
 
 
(3,809
)
 
(347
)
 
—

Consolidated
$
654,890

 
$
877,995

 
$
(223,105
)
 
 
$
(131,819
)
 
$
(13,540
)
 
$
(77,746
)
* Net of customer price reductions
•
Volume and mix, net of customer price reductions includes the impact of the decline in vehicle production volume as driven by government imposed global lock-downs related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
•
The impact of foreign currency exchange primarily relates to the Euro, Brazilian Real, and Chinese Renminbi.
Segment adjusted EBITDA
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
Variance Due To:
 
2020
 
2019
 
Change
 
 
Volume/ Mix*
 
Foreign Exchange
 
Cost (Increases)/ Decreases
 
Acquisitions/ Divestiture, Net
 
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Segment adjusted EBITDA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North America
$
37,019

 
$
59,151

 
$
(22,132
)
 
 
$
(26,827
)
 
$
127

 
$
8,328

 
$
(3,760
)
Europe
(4,623
)
 
9,275

 
(13,898
)
 
 
(17,520
)
 
1,612

 
4,766

 
(2,756
)
Asia Pacific
(17,057
)
 
(407
)
 
(16,650
)
 
 
(17,348
)
 
(1,509
)
 
2,558

 
(351
)
South America
(4,577
)
 
(1,033
)
 
(3,544
)
 
 
(481
)
 
(3,513
)
 
450

 
—

Total Automotive
10,762

 
66,986

 
(56,224
)
 
 
(62,176
)
 
(3,283
)
 
16,102

 
(6,867
)
Corporate, eliminations and other
(2,483
)
 
(2,852
)
 
369

 
 
(1,967
)
 
(1,052
)
 
3,388

 
—

Consolidated adjusted EBITDA
$
8,279

 
$
64,134

 
$
(55,855
)
 
 
$
(64,143
)
 
$
(4,335
)
 
$
19,490

 
$
(6,867
)

30


* Net of customer price reductions
•
Volume and mix, net of customer price reductions, includes the impact of the decline in vehicle production volume as driven by government imposed global lock-downs related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
•
The impact of foreign currency exchange is primarily driven by the Brazilian Real, Chinese Renminbi, Euro, Polish Zloty, and Czech Koruna.
•
The Cost (Increases) / Decreases category above includes:
◦
Reduction in compensation-related expenses, purchasing savings through lean initiatives, restructuring savings;
◦
Increase in commodity costs and wage increases;
◦
Net operational efficiencies of $16 million, weakened by the impact of COVID-19, primarily driven by our North America and European segments.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Short and Long-Term Liquidity Considerations and Risks
We intend to fund our ongoing working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other funding requirements through a combination of cash flows from operations, cash on hand, borrowings under our senior asset-based revolving credit facility (“ABL Facility”) and receivables factoring. The Company utilizes intercompany loans and equity contributions to fund its worldwide operations. There may be country-specific regulations which may restrict or result in increased costs in the repatriation of these funds. See Note 10. “Debt” to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report for additional information.
Based on our current expectations and projections for OEM customer restart plans, whether formally announced or simply anticipated, and due to the aggressive actions we have taken to preserve cash and enhance liquidity, we believe that our cash flows from operations, cash on hand, borrowings under our ABL Facility and receivables factoring will enable us to meet our ongoing working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other funding requirements for the next twelve months, despite the challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. We continuously monitor and forecast our liquidity situation, take the necessary actions to preserve our liquidity and evaluate other financial alternatives that may be available to us should the need arise. Our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt payments and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenants, including borrowing base limitations, under our ABL Facility, depend on our future operating performance and cash flows and many factors outside of our control, including the costs of raw materials, the state of the overall automotive industry and financial and economic conditions, including the impact of COVID-19, and other factors.
Cash Flows
Operating Activities. Net cash used in operations was $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to net cash used in operations of $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The net outflow was primarily due to decreased cash earnings, partially offset by working capital improvements.
Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $50.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $60.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. Significant decreases in capital expenditures are expected in the second quarter of 2020, as the capital expenditure cash outflow in the first three months ended March 31, 2020 partially relates to purchases that were made in months prior to the first quarter of 2020.
Financing Activities. Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $57.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The change was primarily due to drawing on our revolving credit facility and an increase in local borrowing lines during the three months ended March 31, 2019. There were no share repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Cash used for share repurchases was $6.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Share Repurchase Program
In June 2018, our Board of Directors approved a new common stock repurchase program (the “2018 Program”) authorizing us to repurchase, in the aggregate, up to $150.0 million of our outstanding common stock. Under the 2018 Program, repurchases may be made on the open market, through private transactions, accelerated share repurchases, round lot or block transactions on the New York Stock Exchange or otherwise, as determined by us and in accordance with prevailing market conditions and federal securities laws and regulations. We expect to fund any future repurchases from cash on hand and future cash flows from operations. The specific timing and amount of any future repurchase will vary based on market and business

31


conditions and other factors. We are not obligated to acquire a particular amount of securities, and the 2018 Program may be discontinued at any time at our discretion. As of March 31, 2020, we had approximately $98.7 million of repurchase authorization remaining under the 2018 Program.
We did not make any repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we repurchased 85,000 shares of common stock.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In evaluating our business, management considers EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to be key indicators of our operating performance. Our management also uses EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:
•
because similar measures are utilized in the calculation of the financial covenants and ratios contained in our financing arrangements;
•
in developing our internal budgets and forecasts;
•
as a significant factor in evaluating our management for compensation purposes;
•
in evaluating potential acquisitions;
•
in comparing our current operating results with corresponding historical periods and with the operational performance of other companies in our industry; and
•
in presentations to the members of our board of directors to enable our board of directors to have the same measurement basis of operating performance as is used by management in their assessments of performance and in forecasting and budgeting for our company.
In addition, we believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties in evaluating our performance. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus income tax expense (benefit), interest expense, net of interest income, depreciation and amortization or EBITDA, as adjusted for items that management does not consider to be reflective of our core operating performance. These adjustments include, but are not limited to, restructuring costs, impairment charges, non-cash fair value adjustments and acquisition-related costs.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not financial measurements recognized under U.S. GAAP, and when analyzing our operating performance, investors should use EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as a supplement to, and not as alternatives for, net income (loss), operating income, or any other performance measure derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP, nor as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have limitations as analytical tools, and they should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our results of operations as reported under U.S. GAAP. These limitations include:
 
•
they do not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditure or contractual commitments;
•
they do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
•
they do not reflect interest expense or cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments under our ABL Facility, Term Loan Facility and Senior Notes;
•
they do not reflect certain tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us;
•
although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated or amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not reflect cash requirements for such replacements; and
•
other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate these measures differently and, as the number of differences in the way companies calculate these measures increases, the degree of their usefulness as a comparative measure correspondingly decreases.
In addition, in evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, it should be noted that in the future, we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in the below presentation. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by special items.

32


The following table provides a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA from net income (loss), which is the most comparable financial measure in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2020

2019
 
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Net loss attributable to Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.
$
(110,588
)
 
$
(5,415
)
Income tax (benefit) expense
(14,117
)
 
2,034

Interest expense, net of interest income
10,237

 
11,932

Depreciation and amortization
37,763

 
36,605

EBITDA
$
(76,705
)
 
$
45,156

Impairment of assets held for sale
74,079

 
—

Restructuring charges
7,276

 
17,715

Project costs (1)
2,425

 
1,263

Other impairment charges (2)
684

 
—

Lease termination costs (3)
520

 
—

Adjusted EBITDA
$
8,279

 
$
64,134


(1)
Project costs recorded in selling, administration and engineering expense related to assets held for sale in 2020 and acquisitions and divestiture costs in 2019.
(2)
Non-cash impairment charges of $684 related to fixed assets, net of approximately $293 attributable to our noncontrolling interests.
(3)
Lease termination costs no longer recorded as Restructuring charges in accordance with ASC 842.


33


Contingencies and Environmental Matters
The information concerning contingencies, including environmental contingencies and the amount currently held in reserve for environmental matters, contained in Note 21. “Commitments and Contingencies” to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2. “New Accounting Pronouncements” to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report.
Critical Accounting Estimates
There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of U.S. federal securities laws, and we intend that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbor created thereby. Our use of words “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “plan,” “intend,” “believe,” “outlook”, “guidance”, “forecast,” or future or conditional verbs, such as “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” or “may,” and variations of such words or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are based upon our current expectations and various assumptions. Our expectations, beliefs, and projections are expressed in good faith and we believe there is a reasonable basis for them. However, we cannot assure you that these expectations, beliefs and projections will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or achievements to be materially different from the future results or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Among other items, such factors may include: the impact, and expected continued impact, of the recent COVID-19 outbreak on our financial condition and results of operations; significant risks to our liquidity presented by the COVID-19 pandemic risk; prolonged or material contractions in automotive sales and production volumes; our inability to realize sales represented by awarded business; escalating pricing pressures; loss of large customers or significant platforms; our ability to successfully compete in the automotive parts industry; availability and increasing volatility in costs of manufactured components and raw materials; disruption in our supply base; competitive threats and commercial risks associated with our diversification strategy through Advanced Technology Group; possible variability of our working capital requirements; risks associated with our international operations, including changes in laws, regulations, and policies governing the terms of foreign trade such as increased trade restrictions and tariffs; foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; our ability to control the operations of our joint ventures for our sole benefit; our substantial amount of indebtedness; our ability to obtain adequate financing sources in the future; operating and financial restrictions imposed on us under our debt instruments; the underfunding of our pension plans; significant changes in discount rates and the actual return on pension assets; effectiveness of continuous improvement programs and other cost savings plans; manufacturing facility closings or consolidation; our ability to execute new program launches; our ability to meet customers’ needs for new and improved products; the possibility that our acquisitions and divestitures may not be successful; product liability, warranty and recall claims brought against us; laws and regulations, including environmental, health and safety laws and regulations; legal proceedings, claims or investigations against us; work stoppages or other labor disruptions; the ability of our intellectual property to withstand legal challenges; cyber-attacks, data privacy concerns, other disruptions in, or the inability to implement upgrades to, our information technology systems; the possible volatility of our annual effective tax rate; changes in our assumptions as a result of IRS issuing guidance on the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; the possibility of a failure to maintain effective controls and procedures; the possibility of future impairment charges to our goodwill and long-lived assets; our dependence on our subsidiaries for cash to satisfy our obligations.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or otherwise revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except where we are expressly required to do so by law.
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q also contains estimates and other information that is based on industry publications, surveys, and forecasts. This information involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and we have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the information.

34


Item 3.        Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Except for the broad effects of COVID-19 on the global economy and major financial markets, there have been no material changes to the quantitative and qualitative information about the Company’s market risk from those previously disclosed in the Company’s 2019 Annual Report.

35


Item 4.        Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer along with the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this Report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

36


PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A.    Risk Factors
The Company is supplementing the risk factors set out under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in its Annual Report on Form 10-K the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 with the additional risk factors set forth below. The risk factors below should be read in conjunction with the risk factors set out in the Company’s Form 10-K.
Our financial condition and results of operations have been, and are expected to continue to be, adversely affected by the recent COVID-19 outbreak.
We face risks related to public health issues, including epidemics and pandemics such as the global outbreak of COVID-19. To date, the COVID-19 outbreak, which has surfaced in nearly all regions around the world, and preventative measures taken to contain or mitigate the COVID-19 outbreak have caused, and are continuing to cause, business slowdowns or shutdowns and significant disruption in the financial markets both in the United States and globally. Our China manufacturing facilities experienced an extended shutdown in January and February 2020. These facilities began to re-open and ramp production, consistent with governmental guidelines and customer schedules, in late February and early March 2020. 
In March 2020, our automotive customers elected to shut down their manufacturing operations in regions around the world outside of China. As a result, we correspondingly shut down our automotive manufacturing operations in all regions other than China. As of April 29, 2020, only our 12 China automotive plants and three non-automotive plants (two in the United States and one in Germany) are operating. Although our automotive operations will generally not realize revenue while our facilities are shut down, we continue to incur significant operating and non-operating expenses associated with these facilities.
We expect to restart our manufacturing operations only when our automotive customers restart their operations and start issuing orders. While, based on the information received from our automotive customers, we are currently considering a scenario for a phased restart of our manufacturing plants, supply network and other dependent functions (in addition to what is already underway in China) in mid-to-late May 2020 with enhanced safety standards in place to protect workers, we do not know when our automotive customers will actually resume their manufacturing operations. Furthermore, any decisions on resumptions will need to be in compliance with local government requirements and made in cooperation with our customers, local unions and other stakeholders, and, accordingly, any projected timetable for resumption is subject to change. Fully ramping up our operations may take several months and will depend, in part, on whether our customers and suppliers have resumed normal operations. In addition, government regulations and safety and social distancing procedures that we implement may increase our operating costs, and we may not be able to pass along these increased costs to our customers.
Our business relies on a number of third parties, including suppliers and distribution and logistics providers. One or more of these third parties may experience financial distress, staffing shortages or liquidity challenges, file for bankruptcy protection, go out of business, or suffer disruptions in their business due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These supply chain effects may have an adverse effect on our ability to restart our business and meet customer demand and may result in an increase in our costs of production and distribution, including increased freight and logistics costs and other expenses. A continued significant disruption to our production schedule will have an adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.
If a significant percentage of our workforce, or the workforces of our suppliers and other third-party partners, is unable to work, whether because of illness, quarantine, limitations on travel or other government restrictions in connection with COVID-19, our operations may be negatively impacted. We also depend on senior management and other key personnel and consultants, and the illness of certain personnel or consultants could result in the loss of expertise and negatively affect our operations.
The economic slowdown attributable to COVID-19 has led to a global decrease in vehicle sales in markets around the world. Based on current weak consumer confidence, rising unemployment levels, risks to small businesses and overall economic uncertainty, it is likely that global demand for light vehicles will be significantly lower than both historical and previously projected levels for an extended period, even as the COVID-19 pandemic begins to abate. As described in more detail under the risk factor entitled “We are highly dependent on the automotive industry. A prolonged or material contraction in automotive sales and production volumes could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.” in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, a sustained decline in vehicle sales would adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.




37


The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused significant disruptions to global financial markets. Such disruptions, together with the impact of COVID-19 on the automotive industry, may have a negative impact on our ability to access capital in the future on favorable terms or at all.
The full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial condition and results of operations will depend on future developments, such as the ultimate duration and scope of the outbreak, its impact on our customers, suppliers and logistics partners, how quickly normal operations can resume and the duration and magnitude of the economic downturn caused by the pandemic in our key markets. Further, government-sponsored liquidity or stimulus programs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic may not be available to our customers, suppliers or us, and if available, may nevertheless be insufficient to address the impacts of COVID-19. While we expect the impacts of COVID-19 to have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, we are unable to predict the extent or nature of these impacts at this time.
The COVID-19 pandemic may also exacerbate the other risks disclosed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.
The COVID-19 pandemic risk presents significant risks to our liquidity.
Our continued access to sources of liquidity depends on multiple factors, including global economic conditions, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and their production rates, the condition of global financial markets, the availability of sufficient amounts of financing, our operating performance and our credit ratings. While we currently have no outstanding borrowings under our ABL facility, our ability to borrow against the ABL facility is limited to our borrowing base, which consists primarily of our U.S. and Canadian accounts receivable and inventory. Such working capital account balances are expected to decrease over the next few months as a result of the production shutdown, and thus our ability to borrow under our ABL facility will decrease significantly.
In addition, if the Company has availability for borrowing under its ABL facility less than the greater of (i) $15,000,000 and (ii) 10% of the Borrowing Base (as defined in the ABL facility), it must be in compliance with a springing Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio maintenance covenant of 1.00:1.00.  The Company currently would not be able to satisfy such covenant and does not expect to be able to for the foreseeable future due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its business.  Accordingly, the Company intends to manage any borrowings under its ABL facility to avoid triggering this maintenance covenant, which would further constrain its ability to utilize the ABL facility. As of March 31, 2020, the Company’s Borrowing Base was $173 million. Net of the 10% of the Borrowing Base that cannot be borrowed without triggering the fixed charge coverage ratio maintenance covenant and $10 million of outstanding letters of credit, the Company effectively had $146 million available for borrowing under its ABL facility. 
Furthermore, production shutdowns will result in working capital swings which are expected to result in increased outflows during 2020. As a result of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, we may be required to raise additional capital, and our access to and cost of financing will depend on, among other things, global economic conditions, conditions in the global financing markets, the availability of sufficient amounts of financing, our prospects and our credit ratings. Such capital may not be available on favorable terms or at all.

38


Item 2.        Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(c) Purchases of Equity Securities By the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The Company is authorized to purchase, in the aggregate, up to $150 million of our outstanding common stock under our common stock repurchase program, which was effective in November 2018. As of March 31, 2020, we had approximately $98.7 million of repurchase authorization remaining under our ongoing common stock share repurchase program as discussed in Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources - Share Repurchase Program,” and Note 18. “Common Stock” to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report.
A summary of our shares of common stock repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2020 is shown below:
Period
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)
 
Average Price Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Program (in millions)
January 1, 2020 through January 31, 2020
 
—

 
$
—

 
—

 
$
98.7

February 1, 2020 through February 29, 2020
 
19,086

 
25.19

 
—

 
98.7

March 1, 2020 through March 31, 2020
 
306

 
12.44

 
—

 
98.7

Total
 
19,392

 
 
 
—

 
 
(1)
Includes shares repurchased by the Company to satisfy employee tax withholding requirements due upon the vesting of restricted stock awards.

39


Item 6.        Exhibits
 
 
 
Exhibit
No.
 
Description of Exhibit
10.1*
 
 
 
 
10.2*
 
 
 
 
10.3*
 
 
 
 
10.4*
 

 
 
 
10.5*
 
 
 
 
31.1*
 
 
 
31.2*
 
 
 
32**
 
 
 
101.INS***
 
Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
 
 
 
101.SCH***
 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
101.CAL***
 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
101.DEF***
 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
101.LAB***
 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
 
 
101.PRE***
 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
104***
 
Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL
*
Filed with this Report.
**
Furnished with this Report.
***
Submitted electronically with this Report in accordance with the provisions of Regulation S-T.

40


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
 
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.    
 
 
 
May 11, 2020
 
 
 
/S/ JONATHAN P. BANAS
Date
 
 
 
Jonathan P. Banas
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)


41


Exhibit 10.1
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), which relates to a grant of Options made on Grant Date (the “Grant Date”), is between Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the individual whose name is set forth on the signature page hereof (the “Participant”):
R E C I T A L S:
WHEREAS, the Company has adopted the Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Agreement (capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as in the Plan); and
WHEREAS, the Committee has determined that it would be in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to grant the Options provided for herein to the Participant pursuant to the Plan and the terms set forth herein.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth, the parties agree as follows:

1.
Grant of the Options. The Company hereby grants to the Participant Options to purchase #Granted Shares on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. The purchase price of the Shares subject to the Options shall be US $Option Price per Share (the “Option Price”). The Options are not intended to be treated as incentive stock options that comply with Section 422 of the Code.

2.
Vesting.
(a) Vesting While Employed.
(i) Subject to the Participant’s continued Employment with the Company or its Affiliate through the applicable vesting date, one third of the Options shall vest on each of the first three anniversaries of the Grant Date (each, a “Vesting Date”).
(ii) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a Change of Control while the Participant remains in Employment with the Company or its Affiliate, the following will apply:
(A)    If the purchaser, successor or surviving entity (or parent thereof) in the Change of Control (the “Survivor”) so agrees, some or all of the Options shall be assumed, or replaced with the same type of award with similar terms and conditions, by the Survivor in the Change of Control transaction. If applicable, each Option that is assumed by the Survivor shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Change of Control, to apply to the number and class of securities which would have been issuable to the Participant upon the consummation of such Change of Control had the Options been exercised immediately prior to such Change of Control, and other appropriate adjustments in the terms and conditions of the Options shall be made. Upon termination of the Participant’s Employment (1) by the Company and its Affiliates without Cause or (2) if the Participant is then or was at the time of the Change in Control a Section 16 Participant, by such Section 16 Participant for Good Reason, in each case within




two years after a Change of Control, any unvested portion of the Option or replacement award shall, to the extent outstanding, immediately become fully vested and exercisable.
(B)    To the extent the Survivor does not assume the Options or issue replacement awards as provided in clause (A), then, immediately prior to the date of the Change of Control, all Options shall become immediately and fully vested, and, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, all Options shall be cancelled on the date of the Change of Control in exchange for a cash payment equal to the excess (if any) of the Change of Control price of the Shares covered by the Options that are so cancelled over the exercise price of the Options or, to the extent the Change of Control price does not exceed the exercise price of the Options, shall be cancelled on the date of the Change of Control without payment.
(b) Termination of Employment. Subject to the provisos in Sections 2(a)(ii), if the Participant’s Employment with the Company and its Affiliates terminates for any reason other than death, Disability or Retirement then the Options shall, to the extent not then vested, be canceled by the Company without consideration, and the vested portion of the Options shall remain exercisable for the period set forth in Section 3(a). Upon termination of the Participant’s Employment due to the Participant’s death or Disability, the Participant shall be deemed fully vested as of the date of such termination in all Options subject to this Agreement on the date of such termination. Upon termination of the Participant’s Employment due to the Participant’s Retirement between the Grant Date and a Vesting Date, or between Vesting Dates, a pro rata portion of the Options (in addition to any Options that have already vested due to continued Employment through one or more Vesting Dates) will be deemed vested as of the date of such termination. Such pro rata portion will be equal to the product of the total number of Options that are subject to immediate vesting on the following Vesting Date multiplied by a fraction equal to (i) the number of days of Employment that have elapsed since the most recent Vesting Date (or the Grant Date, if no Vesting Dates have passed) through the date of such termination divided by (ii) 365.

3.
Exercise and Expiration of Option.

(a) Period of Exercise. Subject to the provisions of the Plan and this Agreement, the Participant may exercise all or any part of the vested portion of the Option at any time prior to, and the Option will expire upon, the earliest to occur of:
(i) the tenth anniversary of the Grant Date; provided, however, that (other than as would otherwise result in the violation of Section 409A of the Code), to the extent an Option would expire at a time when the holder of such Option is prohibited by applicable law or by the Company’s insider trading policy from exercising the Option (the “Closed Window Period”), then such Option shall remain exercisable until the thirtieth (30th) day following the end of the Closed Window Period.
(ii) the first anniversary of the date of the Participant’s termination of Employment (A) due to death or Disability, or (B) upon or following a Change of Control pursuant to which the provisions of Section 2(a)(ii)(A) apply;
(iii) the third anniversary of the date of the Participant’s termination of Employment due to Retirement; and
(iv) 90 days following the date of the Participant’s termination of Employment for any reason not described in clause (ii) or (iii) above;





(b) Method of Exercise.
(i) Subject to Section 3(a), the vested portion of an Option may be exercised in accordance with the exercise process established by the Company; provided that such portion may be exercised with respect to whole Shares only. At the time of exercise, the Participant must pay the Option Price and any applicable withholding taxes in full. The payment of the Option Price and any applicable withholding taxes may be made at the election of the Participant: (i) in cash or its equivalent (e.g., by check); (ii) in Shares having a Fair Market Value equal to the amount required to be paid, and satisfying such other requirements as may be imposed by the Committee, provided that, to the extent necessary to avoid adverse accounting treatment for the Company under generally accepted accounting principles, such Shares have been held by the Participant for no less than six months; (iii) partly in cash and partly in such Shares; (iv) by having the Company withhold a number of Shares otherwise deliverable upon exercise of the Option having a Fair Market Value equal to the aggregate Option Price for the Shares being purchased and any applicable withholding taxes; or (v) to the extent permitted by the Committee, through the delivery of irrevocable instructions to a broker to sell Shares obtained upon the exercise of an Option and to deliver promptly to the Company an amount out of the proceeds of such sale equal to the aggregate Option Price and applicable withholding taxes for the Shares being purchased. The Participant shall not have any rights to dividends or other rights of a stockholder with respect to Shares subject to an Option until the Participant has given written notice of exercise of the Option, paid the exercise price for such Shares and any applicable withholding taxes in full and, if applicable, has satisfied any other conditions imposed by the Committee pursuant to the Plan.
(ii) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or this Agreement to the contrary, the Options may not be exercised prior to the completion of any registration or qualification of the Options or the Shares under applicable state and federal securities or other laws, or under any ruling or regulation of any governmental body or national securities exchange that the Committee shall in its sole discretion determine to be necessary or advisable.
(iii) Upon the Company’s determination that an Option has been validly exercised as to any of the Shares, the Company shall cause such Shares to be registered in Participant’s name via a book-entry with the Company’s transfer agent. The Company shall not be liable to the Participant for damages relating to any delays in making an appropriate book entry, or any mistakes or errors in the making of the book entry; provided that the Company shall correct any such errors caused by it. The book entry representing the Shares purchased by exercise of the Option, if applicable, shall be subject to such stop transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee may deem advisable under the Plan or the rules, regulations, and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, any stock exchange upon which such Shares are listed, and any applicable Federal or state laws, and the Committee may direct that an appropriate notation on any such book entry be made to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.
(iv) In the event of the Participant’s death, the vested portion of the Options shall remain exercisable by the Participant’s executor or administrator, or the Person or Persons to whom the Participant’s rights under this Agreement shall pass by will or by the laws of descent and distribution as the case may be, to the extent set forth in Section 3(a). Any heir or legatee of the Participant shall take rights herein granted subject to the terms and conditions hereof.





4.
No Right to Continued Employment or Future Awards. The granting of the Options shall impose no obligation on the Company or any of its Affiliates to continue the Employment of the Participant and shall not lessen or affect the Company’s or its Affiliate’s right to terminate the Employment of the Participant. In addition, the granting of the Options shall impose no obligation on the Company or any of its Affiliates to make awards under the Plan to the Participant in the future.

5.
Transferability. In accordance with the Plan, the Participant shall have the right to designate a beneficiary who will be entitled to exercise the Options, to the extent vested, following the Participant's death, all in the manner and to the extent set forth in this Agreement. The Participant may designate a beneficiary pursuant to procedures established by the Company (or the Plan’s administrative service provider).  The Participant may change the beneficiary designation at any time.  The last designation on file with the Plan’s administrative service provider as of the date of the Participant’s death shall be effective. If no designation of beneficiary is made, then any vested Options shall be exercisable following the Participant’s death by the Participant’s legal representative pursuant to his or her will or the laws of descent and distribution, all in the manner and to the extent set forth in this Agreement. The Participant cannot otherwise sell, transfer, or dispose of or pledge or hypothecate or assign the unvested Options.

6.
Taxes. The Company and its Affiliates shall have the right and are hereby authorized to withhold, any applicable withholding taxes in respect of the Options, their exercise or any payment or transfer under or with respect to the Options and to take such other action as may be necessary to satisfy all obligations for the payment of such withholding taxes, including by deducting cash (or requiring an Affiliate to deduct cash) from any payments of any kind otherwise due to the Participant, or, withholding Shares otherwise deliverable hereunder to satisfy such tax obligations.
 
7.
Securities Laws. Upon the acquisition of any Shares pursuant to the exercise of the Options, the Participant will make or enter into such written representations, warranties and agreements as the Committee may reasonably request in order to comply with applicable securities laws or with this Agreement.

8.
Notices. Any notice necessary under this Agreement shall be addressed to the Company in care of its Secretary at the principal executive office of the Company and to the Participant at the address appearing in the personnel records of the Company for the Participant or to either party at such other address as either party may designate in writing to the other. Any such notice shall be deemed effective upon receipt by the addressee.

9.
Choice of Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICTS OF LAWS.

10.
Options Subject to Plan. By entering into this Agreement, the Participant agrees and acknowledges that the Participant has received and read a copy of the Plan. The Options are subject to the Plan. The terms and provisions of the Plan as they may be amended from time to time are incorporated herein by reference. In the event of a conflict between any term or provision in this Agreement and a term or provision of the Plan, the applicable terms and provisions of the Plan will govern.

11.
Recoupment. This Award, and any Shares issued or other compensation received by the Participant under this Award, shall be subject to the provisions of any recoupment or clawback policy that may be adopted by the Company from time to time and to any requirement of applicable law, regulation or listing standard that requires the Company to recoup or clawback compensation paid under this Award.





12.
Amendments. The Company may amend this Award at any time, provided that the Participant’s consent to any amendment is required to the extent the amendment materially diminishes the rights of the Participant or cancels the Award. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company need not obtain Participant (or other interested party) consent for: (a) the adjustment or cancellation of an Award pursuant to the adjustment provisions of the Plan; (b) the modification of the Award to the extent deemed necessary to comply with any applicable law, the listing requirements of any principal securities exchange or market on which the Shares are then traded; (c) the modification of the Award to preserve favorable accounting or tax treatment of the Award for the Company; or (d) the modification of the Award to the extent the Committee determines that such action does not materially and adversely affect the value of an Award or that such action is in the best interest of the affected Participant or any other person(s) as may then have an interest in the Award.

13.
Committee Interpretation. As a condition to the grant of this Award, the Participant agrees (with such agreement being binding upon the Participant’s legal representatives, guardians, legatees or beneficiaries) that this Agreement will be interpreted by the Committee and that any interpretation by the Committee of the terms of this Agreement or the Plan, and any determination made by the Committee under this Agreement or the Plan, will be final, binding and conclusive.

14.
Data Privacy Consent. The Participant hereby explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of the Participant’s personal data as described in this Agreement and any other option grant materials (“Data”) by and among, as applicable, the Company and its affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Company and the Company's affiliates may hold certain personal information about the Participant, including, but not limited to, the Participant’s name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favor, for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan. The Participant understands that Data will be transferred to a designated third party external broker or such other stock plan service provider as may be selected by the Company in the future, which is assisting the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Participant understands that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipient’s country (e.g., the United States or otherwise) may have different data privacy laws and regulations and thus the level of data protection provided may not be equivalent to the one offered in Participant’s country of residence.

Where Data are to be transferred to a Third Country, as defined in the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) no. 2016/679, or an international organization, the Company and its affiliates shall ensure that the level of data protection offered is equivalent to the one offered in the Participant’s country of residence, especially if such country is part of the European Economic Area; such level shall be in particular guaranteed, by implementing adequate safeguards in the form of contractual arrangements between the Company and such third parties recipients; in particular by executing appropriate Standard Contractual Clauses (SCCs) as adopted and published by the European Commission for that purpose. The Participant understands that if the Participant resides outside the United States, the Participant may request at any given time a list with the names and addresses of any potential third-party recipients of the Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative.





The Participant authorizes the Company, the Company's selected broker and any other third-party recipients which assist the Company with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. A list of such third-party recipients is available upon request. The Company undertakes to provide prior notice to the Participant of any changes to the aforementioned list of third-party recipients; such changes to third-party recipients will be accepted by the Participant unless reasonably objected to for just cause. The Participant understands that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage the Participant’s participation in the Plan in accordance with applicable data protection laws and regulations, as well as the Company’s policies on the retention and disposal of records in effect from time to time. The Participant understands that if the Participant resides outside the United States, the Participant may, at any time, view Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost and without providing any reason for such a withdrawal, by contacting in writing the Participant’s local human resources representative. Further, the Participant understands that the Participant is providing the consents herein on a free and purely voluntary basis. If the Participant does not consent, or if the Participant later seeks to revoke the Participant’s consent, the Participant’s employment status or service and career will not be adversely affected; the only adverse consequence of refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent is that the Company would not be able to grant the Participant options or other equity awards or administer or maintain such awards. Therefore, the Participant understands that refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent may affect the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. For more information on the consequences of the Participant’s refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, the Participant understands that he or she may contact the Participant’s local human resources representative. The Participant is also entitled to lodge a complaint with the competent Supervisory Authorities should he or she does not receive a reply or is not otherwise satisfied with a reply received by the Company concerning the exercise of his/her aforementioned rights.

15.
Signature in Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures were upon the same instrument.  
 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement.
 
 
 
 
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
 



By:
 
 
  
Larry E. Ott
Senior Vice President and
Chief Human Resources Officer

 
Agreed and acknowledged as of the date first above written:
 
 
Participant: Participant Name





Exhibit 10.2
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CASH SETTLED PERFORMANCE UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), which relates to a grant of performance-vested Restricted Stock Units (“PUs”) made on Grant Date (the “Date of Grant”), is between Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the individual whose name is set forth on the signature page hereof (the “Participant”):
R E C I T A L S:
WHEREAS, the Company has adopted the Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Agreement (capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as in the Plan); and
WHEREAS, the Committee has determined that it would be in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to grant the PUs provided for herein to the Participant pursuant to the Plan, and the terms set forth herein.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth, the parties agree as follows:
1.    Grant. The Company hereby grants to the Participant Number of Awards Granted PUs on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. One hundred percent (100%) of such PUs are referred to as the “Target PUs.” The Participant’s rights with respect to the PUs will remain forfeitable at all times prior to the date such PUs vest as described in Section 4.
2.    Performance Period and Goal. The vesting of the PUs is subject to the achievement of the performance goal (the “Performance Goal”) indicated in Section 2(b) during the Performance Period (as defined below).
(a)    Performance Period. The performance period (the “Performance Period”) for this Award is the two-year period commencing on January 1, 2020 and ending on December 31, 2021.
(b)     Performance Goal. The Performance Goal is the Company’s return on invested capital (ROIC) (as defined in Exhibit A) for the two-year Performance Period. The Performance Goal will be met at “target” if the Company’s ROIC is 1.62%.
The Performance Goal will be met at “threshold” if 80% of target performance is met. The Performance Goal will be met at “maximum” if 120% of target performance is met. Performance between threshold and target, or between target and maximum, shall be interpolated. In the event of a material acquisition or divestiture during the Performance Period, the threshold, target and maximum Performance Goal will be adjusted based on the pro-forma impact of the transaction over the remainder of the Performance Period. A material acquisition or divestiture is a transaction that impacts the payout at the time of the transaction by more than 10% of the target as determined by the Committee.
3.    Restrictions on Transfer. In accordance with the Plan, the Participant shall have the right to designate a beneficiary to receive the PUs that will vest upon, or be settled following, the Participant's death, all in the manner and to the extent set forth in this Agreement. The designation may be changed at any time. If no Designation of Beneficiary is made, then any PUs that will vest at the time of death of the Participant, and any previously vested PUs that have not yet been settled as of the date of death of the




Participant, shall be paid to the Participant’s legal representative pursuant to his or her will or the laws of descent and distribution. The Participant cannot otherwise sell, transfer, or dispose of or pledge or hypothecate or assign the unvested PUs or the Shares underlying the vested PUs prior to the date on which such vested PUs are settled pursuant to Section 4 (collectively, the “Transfer Restrictions”).
4.    Vesting; Determination of Actual Achieved PUs; Termination of Employment.
(a) Determination of Actual Achieved PUs. As soon as practical after the end of the Performance Period (and in all events during the calendar year immediately following the end of the Performance Period), the Committee will determine to what extent the Performance Goal has been achieved. Based on such determination, the number of Actual Achieved PUs will be determined as follows:
If Performance Goal is Met at*:
Then Potential Number of PUs is:
Threshold (80% of Target)
50% of Target PUs
Target
100% of Target PUs
Maximum (120% of Target)
200% of Target PUs
*If the Performance Goal is achieved between threshold and target, or between target and maximum, the percent of Target PUs that are considered potentially vested will be interpolated.
The potential number of PUs determined based on the achievement of the Performance Goal will be modified based on the Company’s TSR relative to the Comparator Group (as defined in Exhibit A) during the Performance Period as follows:

Company’s 2-Year Relative TSR as a Percentile of Median TSR of Comparator Group
Modification of Potential Number of PUs
25th Percentile or less
0.75x
26th Percentile to 74th Percentile
1.00x
75th Percentile or greater
1.25x*
*Relative TSR modifier will not increase the potential number of PUs Vesting over 200% of the Target PUs.
Exhibit A lists the companies in the Comparator Group and sets forth the methodology to be used in calculating TSR.
The Committee may then exercise its discretion to adjust the potential number of PUs either upwards or downwards. The total number of PUs, after adjustment (if any), so determined by the Committee shall be considered Actual Achieved PUs as of the date of such Committee determination (the “Determination Date”).

(b) Vesting. Except as set forth in subsection (c) or (d), one-half of the Actual Achieved PUs (as determined pursuant to Section 4(a)) will vest only if the Participant continues in Employment with the Company or its Affiliate until December 31, 2021, and the other half of the Actual Achieved PUs will vest only if the Participant continues in Employment with the Company or its Affiliates until December 31, 2022.

(c) Termination of Employment. If the Participant’s Employment with the Company and its Affiliates terminates for any reason prior to the vesting date(s) of the Actual Achieved PUs, the PUs shall be canceled by the Company without consideration; provided that:




(i) upon termination of the Participant’s Employment due to the Participant’s death or Disability prior to the end of the Performance Period, the Target PUs shall be considered Actual Achieved PUs and shall vest in full on the date of such Employment termination;
(ii) upon termination of the Participant’s Employment due to the Participant’s death or Disability after the end of the Performance Period, the Actual Achieved PUs shall vest in full on the date of such Employment termination (or if later, as of the Determination Date);
(iii) if the Participant’s Employment terminates for Retirement prior to the end of the Performance Period, then the Actual Achieved PUs (determined following the end of the Performance Period) shall be subject to continued vesting as if the Participant had not experienced an Employment termination, but pro-rated based on the portion of the vesting period (which shall be 2 years for one-half of the Actual Achieved PUs and 3 years for the other half of the Actual Achieved PUs) the Participant was employed;
(iv) if the Participant’s Employment terminates for Retirement after the end of the Performance Period, then one-half of the Actual Achieved PUs shall be considered vested in the normal course and the other one-half of the Actual Achieved PUs shall be subject to continued vesting as if the Participant had not experienced an Employment termination, but pro-rated based on the portion of the vesting period (which shall be 3 years) the Participant was employed; and
(v) in the case of any of the foregoing, any remaining unvested PUs shall be canceled by the Company without consideration.
(d) Change of Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a Change of Control:
(i) If the purchaser, successor or surviving entity (or parent thereof) in the Change of Control (the “Survivor”) agrees to assume the PUs or replace the PUs with the same type of award with similar terms and conditions, then the following will apply:
(A) If the Change of Control occurs prior to the end of the Performance Period, the Performance Goal shall be deemed to have been satisfied at the target level, and no modification based on Relative TSR shall be made, regardless of actual performance prior to or after such Change of Control, such that only the Target PUs remain available for vesting under this Award. If the Change of Control occurs after the end of the Performance Period, then the Actual Achieved PUs will remain available for vesting under this Award.
(B) Each PU determined under clause (A) above that is assumed by the Survivor shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Change of Control, to apply to the number and class of securities which would have been issuable to the Participant upon the consummation of such Change of Control had the PUs been actual shares immediately prior to such Change of Control.
(C) Upon termination of the Participant’s Employment following such Change in Control (1) by the Company and its Affiliates without Cause, or due to death or Disability, or (2) if the Participant is then or was at the time of a Change of Control a Section 16 Participant, by such Section 16 Participant for Good Reason, in each case within two years after a Change of Control, any unvested portion of this Award (or the replacement award) shall immediately become vested in full. Upon termination of the Participant’s Employment following such a Change in Control due to Retirement, the provisions of Section 4(c) shall apply.
(ii) To the extent the Survivor does not assume the PUs or issue replacement awards as provided in clause (i), then, immediately prior to the date of the Change of Control, the Target PUs (or Actual Achieved PUs if the Change of Control occurs after the end of the Performance Period) shall become immediately and fully vested.




    5.    Settlement.
(a) General. Except as otherwise provided in Section 5(b) or (c), as soon as practicable after (i) the Determination Date, for one-half of the Actual Achieved PUs that are vested as of such date, and (ii) the first anniversary of the Determination Date, for the other half of the Actual Achieved PUs that are vested as of such date, the Company will settle the vested Actual Achieved PUs by delivering an amount of cash equal to the Fair Market Value, determined as of the Determination Date and as of the first anniversary of the Determination Date, as applicable, of a number of Shares equal to the number of Actual Achieved PUs that have vested.
(b) Payment Upon Termination. If the Participant’s Employment with the Company terminates and such termination triggers the accelerated vesting of the PUs hereunder, then as soon as practicable after the PUs vest as a result of such termination (as determined under Section 4(c)(i) or (ii), or 4(d)(ii), as applicable), the Company will settle such vested PUs by delivering an amount of cash equal to the Fair Market Value, determined as of the date of termination of a number of Shares equal to the number of PUs that have vested. For purposes hereof, the PUs that vest upon a Participant’s termination of Employment shall be settled only upon the Participant’s separation from service within the meaning of Code Section 409A.
Notwithstanding any other provision in the Plan or this Agreement to the contrary, if the Participant is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Code Section 409A as of the date of such separation from service (for reasons other than death), then settlement of such vested PUs shall occur on the date that is six months after the date of the Participant’s separation from service to the extent necessary to comply with Code Section 409A.
(c) Payment Upon Change in Control. If payment is triggered pursuant to Section 4(d)(ii), then as soon as practicable after the Change in Control, the Company will settle the vested PUs by delivering an amount of cash equal to the Fair Market Value, determined as of the date of the Change in Control, of a number of Shares equal to the number of vested PUs.
6.    No Voting Rights; Dividend Equivalents. The Participant shall not have voting rights with respect to the Shares underlying the PUs. The Participant shall be credited with an amount of cash equivalent to any dividends or other distributions paid with respect to the Shares underlying the PUs, so long as the applicable record date occurs on or after the Date of Grant and before such PUs are forfeited or settled; provided that such cash amounts shall be subject to the same risk of forfeiture and Performance Goal as the PUs to which such amounts relate. If, however, any dividends or other distributions with respect to the Shares underlying the PUs are paid in Shares rather than cash, then the Participant shall be credited with additional performance units equal to the number of Shares that the Participant would have received had the PUs been actual Shares, and such performance units shall be deemed PUs subject to the same risk of forfeiture and other terms of this Agreement and the Plan as apply to the PUs to which such dividends or other distributions relate. Any amounts due to the Participant under this provision shall be paid to the Participant at the same time as payment is made in respect of the PUs to which such dividends or other distributions relate.
7.    No Right to Continued Employment or Future Awards. The granting of the PUs shall impose no obligation on the Company or any of its Affiliates to continue the Employment of the Participant and shall not lessen or affect the Company’s or its Affiliate’s right to terminate the Employment of the Participant. In addition, the granting of the PUs shall impose no obligation on the Company or any of its Affiliates to make awards under the Plan to the Participant in the future.
8.    Taxes. The Company and its Affiliates shall have the right and are hereby authorized to withhold from amounts otherwise payable hereunder any applicable withholding taxes in respect of the




PUs and to take such other action as may be necessary to satisfy all obligations for the payment of such withholding taxes.
9.    Notices. Any notice necessary under this Agreement shall be addressed to the Company in care of its Secretary at the principal executive office of the Company and to the Participant at the address appearing in the personnel records of the Company for the Participant or to either party at such other address as either party may designate in writing to the other. Any such notice shall be deemed effective upon receipt by the addressee.
10.    Choice of Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICTS OF LAWS.
11.    Performance Units Subject to Plan. By entering into this Agreement, the Participant agrees and acknowledges that the Participant has received and read a copy of the Plan. The PUs are subject to the Plan. The terms and provisions of the Plan as they may be amended from time to time are incorporated herein by reference. In the event of a conflict between any term or provision in this Agreement and a term or provision of the Plan, the applicable terms and provisions of the Plan will govern.
12.    Recoupment. This Award and the compensation received by the Participant under this Award shall be subject to the terms of any recoupment or clawback policy that may be adopted by the Company from time to time and to any requirement of applicable law, regulation or listing standard that requires the Company to recoup or clawback compensation paid under this Award.
13.    Amendments. The Company may amend this Award at any time, provided that the Participant’s consent to any amendment is required to the extent the amendment materially diminishes the rights of the Participant or results in cancellation of the Award. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company need not obtain Participant (or other interested party) consent for (a) the adjustment or cancellation of an Award pursuant to the adjustment provisions of the Plan; (b) the modification of the Award to the extent deemed necessary to comply with any applicable law, the listing requirements of any principal securities exchange or market on which the Shares are then traded; (c) the modification of the Award to preserve favorable accounting or tax treatment of the Award for the Company; or (d) the modification of the Award to the extent the Committee determines that such action does not materially and adversely affect the value of an Award or that such action is in the best interest of the affected Participant or any other person(s) as may then have an interest in the Award.
14.    Committee Interpretation. As a condition to the grant of this Award, the Participant agrees (with such agreement being binding upon the Participant’s legal representatives, guardians, legatees or beneficiaries) that this Agreement will be interpreted by the Committee and that any interpretation by the Committee of the terms of this Agreement or the Plan, and any determination made by the Committee under this Agreement or the Plan, will be final, binding and conclusive.
15.    Data Privacy Consent. The Participant hereby explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of the Participant’s personal data as described in this Agreement and any other related materials (“Data”) by and among, as applicable, the Company and its affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Company and the Company's affiliates may hold certain personal information about the Participant, including, but not limited to, the Participant’s name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all equity-based awards and other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested,




unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favor, for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan. The Participant understands that Data will be transferred to a designated third party external broker or such other stock plan service provider as may be selected by the Company in the future, which is assisting the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Participant understands that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipient’s country (e.g., the United States or otherwise) may have different data privacy laws and regulations and thus the level of data protection provided may not be equivalent to the one offered in Participant’s country of residence.
Where Data are to be transferred to a Third Country, as defined in the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) no. 2016/679, or an international organization, the Company and its affiliates shall ensure that the level of data protection offered is equivalent to the one offered in the Participant’s country of residence, especially if such country is part of the European Economic Area; such level shall be in particular guaranteed, by implementing adequate safeguards in the form of contractual arrangements between the Company and such third parties recipients; in particular by executing appropriate Standard Contractual Clauses (SCCs) as adopted and published by the European Commission for that purpose. The Participant understands that if the Participant resides outside the United States, the Participant may request at any given time a list with the names and addresses of any potential third-party recipients of the Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative.
The Participant authorizes the Company, the Company's selected broker and any other third-party recipients which assist the Company with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. A list of such third-party recipients is available upon request. The Company undertakes to provide prior notice to the Participant of any changes to the aforementioned list of third-party recipients; such changes to third-party recipients will be accepted by the Participant unless reasonably objected to for just cause. The Participant understands that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage the Participant’s participation in the Plan in accordance with applicable data protection laws and regulations, as well as the Company’s policies on the retention and disposal of records in effect from time to time. The Participant understands that if the Participant resides outside the United States, the Participant may, at any time, view Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost and without providing any reason for such a withdrawal, by contacting in writing the Participant’s local human resources representative. Further, the Participant understands that the Participant is providing the consents herein on a free and purely voluntary basis. If the Participant does not consent, or if the Participant later seeks to revoke the Participant’s consent, the Participant’s employment status or service and career will not be adversely affected; the only adverse consequence of refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent is that the Company would not be able to grant the Participant equity-based awards or administer or maintain such awards. Therefore, the Participant understands that refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent may affect the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. For more information on the consequences of the Participant’s refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, the Participant understands that he or she may contact the Participant’s local human resources representative. The Participant is also entitled to lodge a complaint with the competent supervisory authorities should he or she not receive a reply or otherwise not be satisfied with a reply received by the Company concerning the exercise of his or her aforementioned rights.
16.    Signature in Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures were upon the same instrument.
 




IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement.
 
 
 
 
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
 



By:
 
 
  
Larry E. Ott
Senior Vice President and
Chief Human Resources Officer

 
Agreed and acknowledged as of the date first above written:
 
 
Participant: Participant Name
 
 





Exhibit A
•
ROIC Calculation Methodology: As follows:
•
A numerator of:
i.
Net operating profit after tax (NOPAT)
ii.
PLUS joint venture earnings, including restructuring
•
Divided by a denominator of:
i.
Net working capital, which is the sum of net receivables, net inventory, and minimum cash minus current liabilities
ii.
PLUS net PPE, joint venture investments and goodwill and intangibles
•
TSR Calculation Methodology: As follows:
▪
TSR Beginning Stock Price Calculation - average closing stock price for the 20 trading days immediately prior to the beginning of the Performance Period (for the Company and the Comparator Group companies)
▪
TSR Ending Stock Price Calculation - average closing stock price for the last 20 trading days of the Performance Period (for the Company and the Comparator Group companies)
▪
Treatment of Dividends in TSR Calculation - TSR calculation will assume reinvestment of dividends on the ex-dividend date (for the Company and the Comparator Group companies, where applicable)
▪
Exchange Rate - TSR and dividends (if applicable) of companies in the Comparator Group that are traded on international exchanges will be converted to USD using a published exchange rate on (1) each trading day prior to the beginning of the Performance Period to determine TSR Beginning Stock Price and (2) each trading day during the end of the Performance Period to determine TSR Ending Stock Price.
•
Comparator Group: The Comparator Group comprises the following 20 companies:
Adient plc
American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings, Inc.
Aptiv PLC
Autoliv, Inc.
BorgWarner Inc.
Cooper Tire & Rubber Company
Dana Incorporated
Garrett Motion Inc.
Gentex Corporation
LCI Industries
Lear Corporation
Linamar Corporation
Magna International Inc.
Martinrea International Inc.
Standard Motor Products Inc.
Tenneco Inc.
TI Fluid Systems plc
The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
Veoneer, Inc.
Visteon Corporation
 

•
Changes in the Comparator Group During Performance Period: The Comparator Group will be fixed based on the constituents at the beginning of the Performance Period; the following adjustments will apply to ensure a balanced/fair assessment of relative performance:
▪
Comparator Group companies that are acquired/merged during the Performance Period will be removed when calculating the Company’s relative TSR percentile rank
▪
Comparator Group companies that file for bankruptcy during the Performance Period would be treated as the worst performers for purposes of determining the Company’s relative TSR percentile rank






Exhibit 10.3
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
CASH SETTLED RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), which relates to a grant of Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) made on Grant Date (the “Date of Grant”), is between Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the individual whose name is set forth on the signature page hereof (the “Participant”):
R E C I T A L S:
WHEREAS, the Company has adopted the Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), which Plan is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Agreement (capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as in the Plan); and
WHEREAS, the Committee has determined that it would be in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to grant the RSUs provided for herein to the Participant pursuant to the Plan and the terms set forth herein.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth, the parties agree as follows:
1.    Grant. The Company hereby grants to the Participant Number of Awards Granted RSUs on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. The Participant’s rights with respect to the RSUs will remain forfeitable at all times prior to vesting as described in this Agreement.
2.    Restrictions on Transfer. In accordance with the Plan, the Participant shall have the right to designate a beneficiary to receive the RSUs that will vest upon, or be settled following, the Participant's death, all in the manner and to the extent set forth in this Agreement.  The designation may be changed at any time.  If no Designation of Beneficiary is made, then any RSUs that will vest at the time of death of the Participant, and any previously vested RSUs that have not yet been settled as of the date of death of the Participant, shall be paid to the Participant’s legal representative pursuant to his or her will or the laws of descent and distribution.  The Participant cannot otherwise sell, transfer, or dispose of or pledge or hypothecate or assign the unvested RSUs or the Shares underlying the vested RSUs prior to the date on which such vested RSUs are settled pursuant to Section 4.
3.    Vesting; Termination of Employment.
(a) Vesting. One hundred percent (100%) of the RSUs shall vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture on the third anniversary of the Date of Grant (the “Lapse Date”), subject to the Participant’s continued Employment with the Company or its Affiliate until such date.
(b) Termination of Employment. If the Participant’s Employment with the Company and its Affiliates terminates for any reason other than the Participant’s death, Disability or Retirement, then the RSUs shall, to the extent that the Lapse Date has not occurred, be canceled by the Company without consideration. Upon termination of the Participant’s Employment due to the Participant’s death or Disability, the total number of RSUs shall vest in full on the date of such Employment termination. Upon the termination of the Participant’s Employment for Retirement, then a number of RSUs equal to (i) the total number of RSUs multiplied by (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of the Participant’s days of Employment from the Date of Grant through the date of termination and the denominator of which is 1,095, shall vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture as of the date of such




termination, and any remaining RSUs shall be canceled by the Company without consideration. For purposes hereof, the RSUs that vest upon a Participant’s termination of Employment shall be paid only upon the Participant’s separation from service within the meaning of Code Section 409A.
(c) Change of Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a Change of Control while the Participant remains in Employment with the Company or its Affiliate, the following will apply:
(i) If the purchaser, successor or surviving entity (or parent thereof) in the Change of Control (the “Survivor”) so agrees, then some or all of the RSUs shall be assumed, or replaced with the same type of award with similar terms and conditions, by the Survivor in the Change of Control transaction. If applicable, each RSU that is assumed by the Survivor shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Change of Control, to apply to the number and class of securities which would have been issuable to the Participant upon the consummation of such Change of Control had the RSU been actual shares immediately prior to such Change of Control. Upon termination of the Participant’s Employment (A) by the Company and its Affiliates without Cause or (B) if the Participant is then or was at the time of the Change of Control a Section 16 Participant, by such Section 16 Participant for Good Reason, in each case within two years after a Change of Control, any unvested portion of this Award (or the replacement award) shall immediately become fully vested.
(ii) To the extent the Survivor does not assume the RSUs or issue replacement awards as provided in clause (i), then, immediately prior to the date of the Change of Control, all of the RSU shall become immediately and fully vested.
4.    Settlement.
(a) General. Except as otherwise provided in Section 4(b), as soon as practicable after the RSUs vest (but no later than two-and-one-half months from the date on which vesting occurs), the Company will settle such vested RSUs by delivering an amount of cash equal to the Fair Market Value, determined as of the vesting date, of a number of Shares equal to the number of RSUs that have vested.
(b) Six-Month Delay for Specified Employees. Notwithstanding any other provision in the Plan or this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the RSUs become vested as a result of the Participant’s separation from service other than as a result of death, and (ii) the Participant is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Code Section 409A as of the date of such separation from service, then settlement of such vested RSUs shall occur on the date that is six months after the date of the Participant’s separation from service to the extent necessary to comply with Code Section 409A.
5.    No Voting Rights; Dividend Equivalents. The Participant shall not have voting rights with respect to the Shares underlying the RSUs. The Participant shall be credited with an amount of cash equivalent to any dividends or other distributions paid with respect to the Shares underlying the RSUs, so long as the applicable record date occurs on or after the Date of Grant and before such RSUs are forfeited or settled; provided that such cash amounts shall be subject to the same risk of forfeiture as the RSUs to which such amounts relate. If, however, any dividends or other distributions with respect to the Shares underlying the RSUs are paid in Shares rather than cash, then the Participant shall be credited with additional restricted stock units equal to the number of Shares that the Participant would have received had the RSUs been actual Shares, and such restricted stock units shall be deemed RSUs subject to the same risk of forfeiture and other terms of this Agreement and the Plan as apply to the RSUs to which such dividends or other distributions relate. Any amounts due to the Participant under this provision shall be paid to the Participant at the same time as payment is made in respect of the RSUs to which such dividends or other distributions relate.
6.    No Right to Continued Employment or Future Awards. The granting of the RSUs shall impose no obligation on the Company or any of its Affiliates to continue the Employment of the




Participant and shall not lessen or affect the Company’s or its Affiliate’s right to terminate the Employment of the Participant. In addition, the granting of the RSUs shall impose no obligation on the Company or any of its Affiliates to make awards under the Plan to the Participant in the future.
7.    Taxes. The Company and its Affiliates shall have the right and are hereby authorized to withhold from amounts otherwise payable hereunder any applicable withholding taxes in respect of the Restricted Stock Units and to take such other action as may be necessary to satisfy all obligations for the payment of such withholding taxes.

8.    Notices. Any notice necessary under this Agreement shall be addressed to the Company in care of its Secretary at the principal executive office of the Company and to the Participant at the address appearing in the personnel records of the Company for the Participant or to either party at such other address as either party may designate in writing to the other. Any such notice shall be deemed effective upon receipt by the addressee.
9.    Choice of Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REGARD TO CONFLICTS OF LAWS.
10.    Restricted Stock Units Subject to Plan. By entering into this Agreement, the Participant agrees and acknowledges that the Participant has received and read a copy of the Plan. The RSUs are subject to the Plan. The terms and provisions of the Plan as they may be amended from time to time are incorporated herein by reference. In the event of a conflict between any term or provision in this Agreement and a term or provision of the Plan, the applicable terms and provisions of the Plan will govern.
11.    Recoupment. This Award, and any compensation received by the Participant under this Award, shall be subject to the terms of any recoupment or clawback policy that may be adopted by the Company from time to time and to any requirement of applicable law, regulation or listing standard that requires the Company to recoup or clawback compensation paid under this Award.
12.    Amendments. The Company may amend this Award at any time, provided that the Participant’s consent to any amendments is required to the extent the amendment materially diminishes the rights of the Participant or that results in the cancellation of the Award. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company need not obtain Participant (or other interested party) consent for (a) the adjustment or cancellation of an Award pursuant to the adjustment provisions of the Plan; (b) the modification of the Award to the extent deemed necessary to comply with any applicable law, the listing requirements of any principal securities exchange or market on which the Shares are then traded; (c) the modification of the Award to preserve favorable accounting or tax treatment of the Award for the Company; or (d) the modification of the Award to the extent the Committee determines that such action does not materially and adversely affect the value of an Award or that such action is in the best interest of the affected Participant or any other person(s) as may then have an interest in the Award.
13.    Committee Interpretation. As a condition to the grant of this Award, the Participant agrees (with such agreement being binding upon the Participant’s legal representatives, guardians, legatees or beneficiaries) that this Agreement will be interpreted by the Committee and that any interpretation by the Committee of the terms of this Agreement or the Plan, and any determination made by the Committee under this Agreement or the Plan, will be final, binding and conclusive.
14.    Data Privacy Consent. The Participant hereby explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of the Participant’s personal data as described in this Agreement and any other option grant materials (“Data”) by and among, as applicable, the




Company and its affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. The Participant understands that the Company and the Company's affiliates may hold certain personal information about the Participant, including, but not limited to, the Participant’s name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in the Participant’s favor, for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan. The Participant understands that Data will be transferred to a designated third party external broker or such other stock plan service provider as may be selected by the Company in the future, which is assisting the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. The Participant understands that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipient’s country (e.g., the United States or otherwise) may have different data privacy laws and regulations and thus the level of data protection provided may not be equivalent to the one offered in Participant’s country of residence.
Where Data are to be transferred to a Third Country, as defined in the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) no. 2016/679, or an international organization, the Company and its affiliates shall ensure that the level of data protection offered is equivalent to the one offered in the Participant’s country of residence, especially if such country is part of the European Economic Area; such level shall be in particular guaranteed, by implementing adequate safeguards in the form of contractual arrangements between the Company and such third parties recipients; in particular by executing appropriate Standard Contractual Clauses (SCCs) as adopted and published by the European Commission for that purpose. The Participant understands that if the Participant resides outside the United States, the Participant may request at any given time a list with the names and addresses of any potential third-party recipients of the Data by contacting the Participant’s local human resources representative.
The Participant authorizes the Company, the Company's selected broker and any other third-party recipients which assist the Company with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. A list of such third-party recipients is available upon request. The Company undertakes to provide prior notice to the Participant of any changes to the aforementioned list of third-party recipients; such changes to third-party recipients will be accepted by the Participant unless reasonably objected to for just cause. The Participant understands that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage the Participant’s participation in the Plan in accordance with applicable data protection laws and regulations, as well as the Company’s policies on the retention and disposal of records in effect from time to time. The Participant understands that if the Participant resides outside the United States, the Participant may, at any time, view Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost and without providing any reason for such a withdrawal, by contacting in writing the Participant’s local human resources representative. Further, the Participant understands that the Participant is providing the consents herein on a free and purely voluntary basis. If the Participant does not consent, or if the Participant later seeks to revoke the Participant’s consent, the Participant’s employment status or service and career will not be adversely affected; the only adverse consequence of refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent is that the Company would not be able to grant the Participant options or other equity awards or administer or maintain such awards. Therefore, the Participant understands that refusing or withdrawing the Participant’s consent may affect the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan. For more information on the consequences of the Participant’s refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, the Participant understands that he or she may contact the Participant’s local human resources representative. The Participant is also entitled to lodge a complaint with the competent supervisory authorities should he




or she does not receive a reply or is not otherwise satisfied with a reply received by the Company concerning the exercise of his/her aforementioned rights.
15.    Signature in Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures were upon the same instrument.
 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement.
 
 
 
 
COOPER-STANDARD HOLDINGS INC.
 



By:
 
 
  
Larry E. Ott
Senior Vice President and
Chief Human Resources Officer

 
Agreed and acknowledged as of the date first above written:
 
 
Participant: Participant Name

 
 




Execution Version

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AGREEMENT AND
LIMITED WAIVER

This AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AGREEMENT AND LIMITED WAIVER (this “Amendment”) is entered into as of March 24, 2020 by and among CS INTERMEDIATE HOLDCO 1 LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Holdings”), COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INC., an Ohio corporation (“Cooper-Standard Auto” or the “U.S. Borrower”), COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE CANADA LIMITED, an Ontario corporation (the “Canadian Borrower”), COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS B.V., a corporation under the laws of the Netherlands (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) (the “European Borrower” and together with the U.S. Borrower and the Canadian Borrower, the “Borrowers”), the other Loan Parties party hereto, BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., individually and as agent (“Agent”), and the other financial institutions signatory hereto.
RECITALS
A.    Holdings, the Borrowers, the other Loan Parties, Agent and the Lenders are party to that certain Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of November 2, 2016 (as in effect immediately prior to this Amendment, the “Existing Loan Agreement” and as amended by this Amendment and as further amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”), pursuant to which the Lenders make certain revolving loans and other financial accommodations to the Borrowers. Unless otherwise specified herein, capitalized terms used in this Amendment shall have the meanings ascribed to them by the Loan Agreement.
B.    Holdings, the Borrowers, the undersigned Loan Parties, Agent and the undersigned Lenders wish to amend the Existing Loan Agreement on the terms and conditions set forth below to, among other things (a) reduce the aggregate Facility Commitments and (b) extend the Facility Termination Date.
Now, therefore, in consideration of the mutual execution hereof and other good and valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1.    Limited Waiver. Each Lender party hereto hereby waives (a) any Default or Event of Default arising under Section 11.1(d) of the Existing Loan Agreement from the failure to comply with Sections 4.1(b)(i) and 4.1(b)(iii) of the Pledge and Security and Section 10.1.2 of the Existing Credit Agreement due to the change in the name of Lauren Manufacturing, LLC to Cooper-Standard Industrial and Specialty Group, LLC and (b) any Default or Event of Default arising solely as a result of any inaccuracies in, or failure to provide, any certifications or confirmations, or any breaches of any covenants, representations or warranties made prior to the First Amendment Effective Date as to the name of such entity or the Default or Event of Default referenced in clause (a). The limited waiver in this Section 1 shall apply only to such Defaults or Events of Default,


 
 
 



and any other Defaults or Events of Default, whether now existing or hereafter occurring, shall not be subject to or receive the benefit of such waiver. The parties hereto agree that the foregoing does not establish a custom or course of dealing among the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and any Loan Party.

2.    Amendments to Existing Loan Agreement. Upon the First Amendment Effective Date (as defined below), the Existing Loan Agreement shall be amended as follows:

(a)The Existing Loan Agreement is hereby amended to delete the stricken text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: stricken text) and to add the double-underlined text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: double-underlined text) as set forth in the Loan Agreement attached as Annex A hereto.
(b)The Schedules to the Existing Loan Agreement (other than Schedule 9.1.11) are hereby amended and restated in their entirety and replaced with the Schedules attached as Annex B hereto.
(c)Exhibit J to the Existing Loan Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety and replaced with the Exhibit attached as Annex C hereto.
3.    First Amendment Effective Date. This Amendment shall deemed effective as of the date hereof (the “First Amendment Effective Date”) upon satisfaction of the following conditions:
(a)     the execution and delivery of this Amendment by the undersigned Loan Parties, Agent and all the Lenders (including the Departing Lenders);
(b)    Agent shall have received a certificate of a duly authorized officer of or other person authorized to represent each Loan Party, certifying (i) that attached copies of such Loan Party’s Organization Documents are true and complete, and in full force and effect, without amendment except as shown; (ii) that an attached copy of resolutions authorizing execution and delivery of the Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party is true and complete, and that such resolutions are in full force and effect, were duly adopted, have not been amended, modified or revoked, and constitute all resolutions adopted with respect to this credit facility; (iii) all governmental and other third party approvals and consents, if any, with respect to this Amendment have been obtained and are in effect; and (iv) to the title, name and signature of each Person authorized to sign the Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party. Agent may conclusively rely on this certificate until it is otherwise notified by the applicable Loan Party in writing;
(c)    Agent shall have received certificates, in form and substance satisfactory to it, from a Responsible Officer of each Loan Party certifying that, after giving effect to this Amendment and the transactions hereunder, (i) the Canadian Borrower and its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and the U.S. Borrower and its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are Solvent; (ii) no Default or Event of Default exists; (iii) the representations and warranties set forth in Section 9 of the Credit


 
2
 



Agreement with respect to such Loan Party are true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) (except for representations and warranties that expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) as of such earlier date); and (iv) such Loan Party has complied with all agreements and conditions to be satisfied by it under the Loan Documents;
(d)    Agent shall have received satisfactory evidence that Agent shall have a valid and perfected security interest in the Collateral (including delivery to Agent of all instruments needed for filings or recordations necessary to perfect its Liens in the Collateral);
(e)    Agent shall have received UCC, PPSA, and Lien searches and other evidence satisfactory to Agent that its Liens are the only Liens upon the ABL Collateral, except Permitted Liens;
(f)    All accrued fees and expenses of Agent (including the fees and expenses of counsel (including any local counsel) for Agent) due from the Loan Parties on or prior to the First Amendment Effective Date shall have been paid in full in cash, including (i) all fees payable to Agent under Agent Fee Letter and (ii) a closing fee for the benefit of each Lender (other than Departing Lenders) in an amount equal to 0.20% of the aggregate amount of each Lender’s Commitment on the First Amendment Effective Date giving effect to this Amendment;
(g)    Agent shall have received good standing certificates for each Loan Party, issued by the Secretary of State or other appropriate official of such Loan Party’s jurisdiction of organization and with respect to the European Borrower, an original extract from the register of the chamber of commerce;
(h)    Each Borrower shall have provided, in form and substance satisfactory to Agent and each Lender, all documentation and other information as Agent or any Lender deems appropriate in connection with applicable “know your customer” and anti-money-laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act and Beneficial Ownership Regulation. If any Borrower qualifies as a “legal entity customer” under the Beneficial Ownership Regulation, it shall have provided a Beneficial Ownership Certification to Agent and Lenders in relation to such Borrower;
(k)    All principal, interest, fees and other amounts owing under the Existing Loan Agreement to any “Lender” under and as defined in the Existing Loan Agreement that will not be a Lender under the Loan Agreement (any such Lender, a “Departing Lender”) shall have been (or shall substantially contemporaneously be) repaid in full; and
(l)    Agent shall have received a Borrowing Base Certificate prepared as of February 29, 2020 in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent.


 
3
 



4.    Departing Lender Consent. Upon satisfaction of, and subject to, the conditions set forth in Section 3(k) of this Amendment, (a) the Departing Lender hereby consents to the amendments of the Existing Loan Agreement on the date hereof embodied in this Amendment (provided that such consent is granted solely for the purpose of permitting this Amendment, and by granting such consent the Departing Lender shall not incur liability or obligations of any kind to the Loan Parties or any other Person under or in connection with this Amendment, the Existing Loan Agreement, the Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document) and (b) the Departing Lender, the Borrowers, the other Loan Parties and Agent each agrees that, upon the effectiveness of this Amendment and the payment to the Departing Lender of any amounts set forth in Section 3(k) of this Amendment on the date hereof, the Commitment of the Departing Lender shall be reduced to zero and the Departing Lender shall cease to be a Lender and shall cease to have any rights or duties as a Lender under either the Existing Loan Agreement, this Amendment or the Loan Agreement except for rights or duties in respect of obligations which by their terms would expressly survive the payment in full of the other Obligations and termination of the Existing Loan Agreement.

5.    Reaffirmation. Each of the undersigned Loan Parties hereby (a) unconditionally consents to the terms of this Amendment and fully ratifies and affirms its respective obligations under the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents, taking into account this Amendment and (b) acknowledges and agrees that the execution, delivery and performance of this Amendment and the other documents on the date hereof shall not impair the validity, effectiveness or priority of the Liens granting pursuant to the Security Documents, and such Liens are ratified and reaffirmed and shall continue unimpaired with the same priority to serve the applicable Obligations.

6.    Reference to and Effect Upon the Loan Agreement.
(a)    Except as specifically amended above, the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby ratified and confirmed.
(b)    The execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Amendment shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of Agent or any Lender under the Loan Agreement or any Loan Document, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of the Loan Agreement or any Loan Document. Upon the effectiveness of this Amendment, each reference in the Loan Agreement to “this Agreement”, “hereunder”, “hereof”, “herein” or words of similar import shall mean and be a reference to the Loan Agreement as amended hereby.
(c)    This Amendment shall constitute a Loan Document for purposes of the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
7.    Costs and Expenses.    Each Borrower hereby affirms its obligation under Section 3.4 of the Loan Agreement to reimburse Agent for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Agent in connection with the negotiation and preparation of this Amendment, including


 
4
 



but not limited to the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of attorneys for Agent with respect thereto.
8.    Governing Law. This Amendment shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York.
9.    Headings. Section headings herein are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part hereof for any other purpose or be given any substantive effect.
10.    Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of a signature page of this Amendment or any document executed in connection therewith by telecopy or other electronic means shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of such agreement. Any electronic signature, contract formation on an electronic platform and electronic record-keeping shall have the same legal validity and enforceability as a manually executed signature or use of a paper-based recordkeeping system to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any similar state law based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.
[signature pages follow]



 
5
 



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Amendment as of the date and year first above written.

CS INTERMEDIATE HOLDCO 1 LLC, as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and a Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: President  
COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INC., as a U.S. Borrower, a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and a Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
COOPER-STANDARD INDUSTRIAL AND SPECIALTY GROUP, LLC (f/k/a Lauren Manufacturing, LLC), as a U.S. Guarantor and a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Joanna Totsky 
Name: Joanna Totsky
      Title: Secretary

COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE CANADA LIMITED, as the Canadian Borrower and a Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: Vice President








[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]



COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS B.V., as the European Borrower
By: /s/ Peter Brusate
Name: Peter Brusate
 Title: Director
By:/s/ Maarten van den Berg
Name: Maarten van den Berg
      Title: Director
COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE NC L.L.C., as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: Vice President
 
COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE OH, LLC, as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: Vice President
 

COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE FLUID SYSTEMS MEXICO HOLDING LLC, as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: Vice President



[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]



 

CSA SERVICES INC., as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: President
 
NISCO HOLDING COMPANY, as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
Name: Jonathan Banas
Title: Vice President
 
 
COOPER-STANDARD FHS LLC (f/k/a COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE FHS INC.), as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
      Name: Jonathan Banas
      Title: President 
COOPER-STANDARD CANADA HOLDINGS LLC, as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and Canadian Facility Guarantor
By: /s/ Jonathan Banas 
      Name: Jonathan Banas
      Title: President 

 



[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]



 
AGENT AND LENDERS: 

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as Agent and a U.S. Lender
By: /s/ Thomas H. Herron 
Name: Thomas H. Herron
       Title: Senior Vice President

 
BANK OF AMERICA, N.A. (acting through its Canada branch), as a Canadian Lender

By: /s/ Sylvia Durkiewicz
Name: Sylvia Durkiewicz
      Title: Vice President




[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]



 
 

DEUTSCHE BANK AG, NEW YORK BRANCH, as a U.S. Lender
By: /s/ Michael Strobel
Name: Michael Strobel
      Title: Vice President

By: /s/ Philip Tancorra
Name: Philip Tancorra
Title: Associate

DEUTSCHE BANK AG, CANADA BRANCH, as a Canadian Lender
By: /s/ David Gynn
Name: David Gynn
      Title: Chief Country Officer

By: /s/ Jon Bak
Name: Jon Bak
Title: Assistant Vice President











[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]



 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA, as a U.S. Lender and a Canadian Lender
By: /s/ Thomas Manning
Name: Thomas Manning
      Title: Authorized Signatory





[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]




   

Solely for purposes of acknowledging and agreeing to Section 4 of this Amendment:
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as a Departing Lender
By: /s/ Robert P. Kellas
Name: Robert P. Kellas
      Title: Executive Director

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., TORONTO BRANCH as a Departing Lender
By: /s/ Robert P. Kellas
Name: Robert P. Kellas
      Title: Executive Director





[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]



Solely for purposes of acknowledging and agreeing to Section 4 of this Amendment:
BARCLAYS BANK PLC, as a Departing Lender
By: /s/ Komal Ramkirath
Name: Komal Ramkirath
Title: Assistant Vice President


[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement]




ANNEX A

Loan Agreement

[See attached]

    



EXECUTION VERSIONConformed Credit Agreement
Exhibit A to First Amendment


______________________________________________________________________________
$210,000,000180,000,000

THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AGREEMENT
among

CS INTERMEDIATE HOLDCO 1 LLC,
as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and a Canadian Facility Guarantor

COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INC.,
as the U.S. Borrower, a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and a Canadian Facility Guarantor

COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE CANADA LIMITED,
as the Canadian Borrower and a Canadian Facility Guarantor

COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS B.V.,
as the European Borrower
THE OTHER GUARANTORS PARTY HERETO,

CERTAIN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS,
as Lenders

and

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as Agent

and
Dated as of November 2, 2016,
as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated as of March 24, 2020,

DEUTSCHE BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES, INC.,
as Syndication Agent

Dated as of November 2, 2016
BANK OF AMERICA SECURITIES INC.
and
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED,
DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC.,
and
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.

AmericasActive:14394384.5


as Joint Lead Arrangers and Bookrunners




ii
AmericasActive:14394384.5


TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
_____________________________________________________________________________

-i-
AmericasActive:14394384.5


SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS; RULES OF CONSTRUCTION    
1.1    Definitions    
1.2    Accounting Terms    
1.3    Uniform Commercial Code/PPSA
1.4    Certain Matters of Construction
1.5    Interpretation (Quebec)    
1.6    LIBOR Amendment    
1.7    Canadian BA Rate Amendment
1.8    Divisions
SECTION 2. CREDIT FACILITIES    
2.1    Commitment    
2.1.1    Revolver Loans    
2.1.2    Revolver Notes    
2.1.3    Use of Proceeds
2.1.4    Reduction or Termination of Commitments; Increase of Commitments    
2.1.5    Overadvances    
2.1.6    Protective Advances    
2.1.7    Prepayments    
2.2    U.S. and European Letter of Credit Facility    
2.2.1    Issuance of Letters of Credit    
2.2.2    U.S. Letters of Credit and European Letters of Credit: Reimbursement and Participations    
2.2.3    Cash Collateral
2.2.4    Resignation of U.S. Issuing Bank
2.3    Canadian Letter of Credit Facility    
2.3.1    Issuance of Letters of Credit    
2.3.2    Canadian Letters of Credit: Reimbursement and Participations    

2
2
7173
7174
7174
7275
75
77
77
7378
7378
7378
7479
7479
7479
7782
7782
7883
7883
7883

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8287
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8489



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2.3.3    Cash Collateral    
2.3.4    Resignation of Canadian Issuing Bank    
2.4    FILO Credit Facility    
SECTION 3. INTEREST, FEES AND CHARGES
3.1    Interest    
3.1.1    Rates and Payment of Interest    
3.1.2    Application of LIBOR to Outstanding Loans    
3.1.3    Application of Canadian BA Rate to Outstanding Loans    
3.1.4    Interest Periods    
3.1.5    Interest Rate Not Ascertainable    
3.2    Fees    
3.2.1    Unused Line Fee    
3.2.2    U.S. LC Facility Fees    
3.2.3    European LC Facility Fees    
3.2.4    Canadian LC Facility Fees    
3.2.5    Other Fees    
3.3    Computation of Interest, Fees, Yield Protection    
3.4    Reimbursement Obligations    
3.5    Illegality    
3.6    Inability to Determine Rates    
3.7    Increased Costs; Capital Adequacy    
3.7.1    Change in Law    
3.7.2    Capital Adequacy    
3.7.3    Compensation    
3.8    Mitigation    
3.9    Funding Losses    
3.10    Maximum Interest    
SECTION 4. LOAN ADMINISTRATION    
4.1    Manner of Borrowing and Funding Loans    
4.1.1    Notice of Borrowing    
4.1.2    Fundings by Lenders    

8691
8691
8691
8994
8994
8994
9095
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9196
9196
9196
9196
9297
9297
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9297
9398
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9499
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96101
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4.1.3    Swingline Loans; Settlement    
4.1.4    Notices    
4.2    Defaulting Lender
4.2.1    Reallocation of Pro Rata Share; Amendments    
4.2.2    Payments; Fees    
4.2.3    Status; Cure    
4.3    Number and Amount of Interest Period Loans; Determination of Rate
4.4    Loan Party Agent
4.5    One Obligation    
4.6    Effect of Termination    
SECTION 5. PAYMENTS    
5.1    General Payment Provisions    
5.2    Repayment of Obligations    
5.3    Payment of Other Obligations    
5.4    Marshaling; Payments Set Aside    
5.5    Post-Default Allocation of Payments    
5.5.1    Allocation    
5.5.2    Erroneous Application    
5.6    Application of Payments    
5.7    Loan Account; Account Stated
5.7.1    Loan Account    
5.7.2    Entries Binding
5.8    Taxes    
5.8.1    Payments Free of Taxes
5.8.2    Other Taxes    
5.8.3    Indemnification by Loan Parties
5.8.4    Indemnification by Lenders
5.8.5    Evidence of Payment    
5.8.6    Treatment of Certain Refunds    
5.8.7    Survival    
5.8.8    Defined Terms
5.9    Lender Tax Information    
5.9.1    Generally    

98104
100105
100105
100105
100105
100106
101106
101106
101107
102107
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102107
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103108
103108
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105111
105111
106111
106111
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106111
106112
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5.9.2    U.S. Borrower    
5.9.3    Lender Obligations    
5.10    Guarantee by U.S. Facility Loan Parties
5.10.1    Joint and Several Liability
5.10.2    Waivers    
5.10.3    Extent of Liability; Contribution
5.10.4    Joint Enterprise    
5.10.5    Subordination    
5.11    Currency Matters    
5.12    Currency Fluctuations    
SECTION 6. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
6.1    Conditions Precedent to Initial Loans
6.2    Conditions Precedent to All Credit Extensions    
SECTION 7. CASH COLLATERAL
7.1    Cash Collateral    
SECTION 8. COLLATERAL ADMINISTRATION    
8.1    Borrowing Base Certificates    
8.2    Administration of Accounts    
8.2.1    Records and Schedules of Accounts
8.2.2    Taxes    
8.2.3    Account Verification    
8.2.4    Maintenance of DACA Deposit Accounts and Dominion Accounts    
8.2.5    Proceeds of Collateral; Payment Items Received    
8.3    Administration of Inventory
8.3.1    Records and Reports of Inventory    
8.3.2    Returns of Inventory    
8.3.3    Acquisition, Sale and Maintenance
8.4    [Intentionally Omitted]    
8.5    Administration of Deposit Accounts    
8.6    General Provisions    
8.6.1    Location of Collateral
8.6.2    Insurance of Collateral; Condemnation Proceeds    

109114
109114
109115
109115
110115
111116
112117
112117
112117
113118
114119
114119
116121
117122
117122
117122
117122
118123
118123
118123
118123
118124
119124
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120125
120125
120125
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8.6.3    Protection of Collateral    
8.6.4    Defense of Title to Collateral    
8.7    Power of Attorney    
SECTION 9. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES    
9.1    General Representations and Warranties    
9.1.1    Organization and Qualification
9.1.2    Power and Authority    
9.1.3    Enforceability    
9.1.4    Corporate Names; Capital Structure
9.1.5    Locations    
9.1.6    Title to Properties; Priority of Liens    
9.1.7    Accounts and Inventory    
9.1.8    Financial Statements; Solvency; Material Adverse Effect
9.1.9    Taxes    
9.1.10    [Intentionally Omitted]    
9.1.11    Intellectual Property    
9.1.12    Governmental Approvals    
9.1.13    Compliance with Laws    
9.1.14    Compliance with Environmental Laws    
9.1.15    Burdensome Contracts    
9.1.16    Litigation    
9.1.17    No Defaults    
9.1.18    ERISA    
9.1.19    Trade Relations    
9.1.20    Labor Relations    
9.1.21    Payable Practices
9.1.22    Not a Regulated Entity    
9.1.23    Margin Stock    
9.1.24    Perfection, Etc    
9.1.25    OFAC; Sanctions    
9.1.26    EEAAffected Financial Institution
9.1.27    Anti-Corruption Laws    
9.2    Complete Disclosure    

122127
122127
122127
123128
123128
123128
123128
123129
124129
124129
124129
124129
125130
125131
126131
126131
126131
126132
126132
127132
127133
127133
127133
129134
129135
129135
129135
130135
130135
131136
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131137


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SECTION 10. COVENANTS AND CONTINUING AGREEMENTS    
10.1    Affirmative Covenants    
10.1.1    Financial and Other Information
10.1.2    Notices    
10.1.3    Landlord and Storage Agreements    
10.1.4    Compliance with Laws    
10.1.5    Taxes    
10.1.6    Preservation of Existence, Etc    
10.1.7    Maintenance of Properties
10.1.8    Insurance    
10.1.9    Inspections; Appraisals    
10.1.10    Use of Proceeds    
10.1.11    Covenant to Guarantee Obligations and Give Security    
10.1.12    Licenses    
10.1.13    Post-Closing Matters    
10.2    Negative Covenants    
10.2.1    Permitted Liens    
10.2.2    Permitted Indebtedness    
10.2.3    Restricted Payments    
10.2.4    [Intentionally Omitted]Holdings Activities.    
10.2.5    [Intentionally Omitted]    
10.2.6    [Intentionally Omitted]    
10.2.7    Fundamental Changes    
10.2.8    [Intentionally Omitted]    
10.2.9    Organization Documents    
10.2.10    Tax Consolidation    
10.2.11    Accounting Changes    
10.2.12    Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries
10.2.13    Hedging Agreements    
10.2.14    Conduct of Business
10.2.15    Affiliate Transactions    

131137
131137
131137
136141
137142
137142
137142
137142
137143
137143
138143
139144
139144
141146
141147
141147
141147
142147
150155
158162
158163
158163
158163
161165
161166
161166
161166
161166
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164169



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10.2.16    Plans    
10.2.17    Certain Amendments    
10.2.18    [Intentionally Omitted]    
10.3    Financial Covenant    
10.3.1    Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio    
SECTION 11. EVENTS OF DEFAULT; REMEDIES ON DEFAULT    
11.1    Events of Default
11.2    Remedies upon Default    
11.3    License    
11.4    Setoff    
11.5    Remedies Cumulative; No Waiver    
11.5.1    Cumulative Rights    
11.5.2    Waivers
11.6    Judgment Currency    
SECTION 12. AGENT    
12.1    Appointment, Authority and Duties of Agent    
12.1.1    Appointment and Authority    
12.1.2    Duties    
12.1.3    Agent Professionals    
12.1.4    Instructions of Required Lenders    
12.2    Agreements Regarding Collateral, Borrower Materials and Intercreditor Matters    
12.2.1    Lien Releases; Care of Collateral; Intercreditor Matters
12.2.2    Possession of Collateral    
12.2.3    Reports    
12.3    Reliance By Agent
12.4    Action Upon Default    
12.5    Ratable Sharing    
12.6    Indemnification    
12.7    Limitation on Responsibilities of Agent    
12.8    Successor Agent and Co-Agents    
12.8.1    Resignation; Successor Agent    
12.8.2    Co-Collateral Agent    

167172
167172
167
167172
167172
168173
168173
170175
170175
171176
171176
171176
171176
171176
172177
172177
172177
173178
173178
173178
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174179
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176182
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12.9    Due Diligence and Non-Reliance    
12.10    Replacement of Certain Lenders
12.11    Remittance of Payments and Collections    
12.11.1    Remittances Generally    
12.11.2    Failure to Pay    
12.11.3    Recovery of Payments
12.12    Individual Capacity    
12.13    Titles    
12.14    Bank Product Providers    
12.15    No Third Party Beneficiaries    
12.16    Certain ERISA Matters    
12.16.1    Lender Representations    
12.16.2    Further Lender Representations    
SECTION 13. BENEFIT OF AGREEMENT; ASSIGNMENTS AND PARTICIPATIONS
13.1    Successors and Assigns    
13.2    Participations    
13.2.1    Permitted Participants; Effect
13.2.2    Voting Rights    
13.2.3    Benefit of Set-Off    
13.3    Assignments
13.3.1    Permitted Assignments
13.3.2    Register    
13.3.3    Effect; Effective Date
13.3.4    Certain Assignees
SECTION 14. MISCELLANEOUS    
14.1    Consents, Amendments and Waivers    
14.1.1    Amendment
14.1.2    Limitations
14.1.3    Payment for Consents    
14.2    Indemnity    
14.3    Notices and Communications    
14.3.1    Notice Address    

178183
179184
179184
179184
179184
179185
180185
180185
180185
180185
186
186
186
180186
180186
181187
181187
181187
181187
182188
182188
182188
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14.3.2    Electronic Communications; Voice Mail    
14.3.3    Platform    
14.3.4    Non-Conforming Communications    
14.4    Performance of the Loan Parties’ Obligations    
14.5    Credit Inquiries    
14.6    Severability    
14.7    Cumulative Effect; Conflict of Terms
14.8    Counterparts    
14.9    Entire Agreement    
14.10    Relationship with Lenders
14.11    No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility    
14.12    Confidentiality    
14.13    [Intentionally Omitted]    Acknowledgment Regarding QFCs    
14.13.1    Covered Party    
14.13.2    Definitions    
14.14    GOVERNING LAW    
14.15    Consent to Forum    
14.15.1    Forum    
14.16    Waivers by the Loan Parties    
14.17    Patriot Act Notice    
14.18    Canadian Anti-Money Laundering Legislation    
14.19    Reinstatement    
14.20    Nonliability of Lenders    
14.21    INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT    
14.22    Amendment and Restatement    
14.23    Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEAAffected Financial Institutions    
14.24    Senior Notes Issuance    

185192
186192
186192
186192
187193
187193
187193
187193
187193
187193
187194
188194
195
195
195
188195
188195
189195
189196
189196
190197
190197
190197
191198
191198
192199
193


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LIST OF EXHIBITS AND SCHEDULES
Exhibit A-1
Form of Canadian Revolver Note
Exhibit A-2
Form of U.S. Revolver Note
Exhibit A-3
Form of European Revolver Note
Exhibit B
Notice of Borrowing
Exhibit C
Notice of Conversion/Continuation
Exhibit D
Assignment and Acceptance
Exhibit E
Assignment Notice
Exhibit F
[Reserved]
Exhibit G
Form of Borrowing Base Certificate
Exhibit H
Form of Landlord Waiver
Exhibit I
Form of Bailee Letter
Exhibit J
Intercreditor Agreement
Exhibit K
Pledge and Security Agreement
Exhibit L
Intercompany Subordination Agreement
Schedule 1.1(a)
Commitments of Lenders
Schedule 1.1(b)
Contingent Obligations
Schedule 1.1(c)
Existing Letters of Credit
Schedule 1.1(d)
Investments
Schedule 6.1
List of Closing Documents
Schedule 8.5
Deposit Accounts
Schedule 8.6.1
Business Locations
Schedule 9.1.4
Corporate Names and Capital Structure
Schedule 9.1.6(b)
Owned Real Property
Schedule 9.1.11
Intellectual Property
Schedule 9.1.14
Environmental Matters
Schedule 9.1.16
Litigation
Schedule 9.1.18(e)
Canadian Pension Plan
Schedule 9.1.20
Labor Contracts
Schedule 9.1.24
Filing Offices
Schedule 10.1.13
Post-Closing Matters
Schedule 10.2.1
Liens
Schedule 10.2.2
Existing Indebtedness


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THIRDTHIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AGREEMENT
THIS THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LOAN AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is dated as of November 2, 2016, as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated as of March 24, 2020, among CS INTERMEDIATE HOLDCO 1 LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Holdings”) as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and a Canadian Facility Guarantor (each as defined herein), COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INC., an Ohio corporation (the “U.S. Borrower”), COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE CANADA LIMITED, an Ontario corporation (together with its permitted successors, the “Canadian Borrower”), COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS B.V., a corporation under the laws of the Netherlands (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) (the “European Borrower” and together with the U.S. Borrower and the Canadian Borrower, the “Borrowers”), the other U.S. Subsidiaries (as defined herein) of Holdings which are and may hereafter become party to this Agreement as U.S./European Facility Guarantors and Canadian Facility Guarantors, the other Canadian Subsidiaries (as defined herein) of Holdings which are or may hereafter become party to this Agreement as Canadian Facility Guarantors, the financial institutions party to this Agreement from time to time as lenders (collectively, “Lenders”), and BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., a national banking association, in its capacity as collateral agent and administrative agent for itself and the Secured Parties (as defined herein) (together with any successor agent appointed pursuant to Section 12.8, “Agent”).
R E C I T A L S:
A.    Holdings, the U.S. Borrower, the Canadian Borrower, the European Borrower, the other Loan Parties party thereto, Agent and the financial institutions party thereto are party to that certain Second Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2014 (as amended up to but not including the date hereof, the “Existing Loan Agreement”).
B.    Holdings, the Borrowers, the other Loan Parties, Agent and the Lenders party hereto wish to amend and restate the Existing Loan Agreement upon and subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
C.    Each Subsidiary of Holdings which is or hereafter becomes a party hereto as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor is or will be affiliated, is or will be engaged in interrelated businesses, and is or will derive substantial direct and indirect benefit from extensions of credit to the U.S. Borrower and/or the European Borrower.
D.    Each Subsidiary of Holdings which is or hereafter becomes a party hereto as a Canadian Facility Guarantor is or will be affiliated, is or will be engaged in interrelated businesses, and is or will derive substantial direct and indirect benefit from extensions of credit to the Canadian Borrower.
NOW, THEREFORE, for valuable consideration hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:

1

SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS; RULES OF CONSTRUCTION
1.1    Definitions. As used herein, theollowing terms have the meanings set forth below:
“ABL Collateral”: as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement.
“Account”: as defined in the UCC and the PPSA, as applicable, including all rights to payment for goods sold or leased, or for services rendered.
“Account Debtor”: a Person who is obligated under an Account, Chattel Paper or General Intangible.
“Acquired Indebtedness”: with respect to any specified Person:
(1)    Indebtedness of any other Person existing at the time such other Person is merged with or into or became a Restricted Subsidiary of such specified Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such other Person merging with or into, or becoming a Subsidiary of such specified Person, and
(2)    Indebtedness secured by a Lien encumbering any asset acquired by such specified Person.
“Adjustment”: as defined in Section 1.6.
“Adverse Proceeding”: any action, suit, proceeding (whether administrative, judicial or otherwise), governmental investigation or arbitration (whether or not purportedly on behalf of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries) at law or in equity, or before or by any Governmental Authority, domestic or foreign (including any Environmental Claims) pending against or affecting Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or any property of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.
“Affected Financial Institution”: (a) any EEA Financial Institution, or (b) any UK Financial Institution.

“Affiliate”: of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly Controlling or Controlled by or under direct or indirect common Control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, “Control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “Controlling,” “Controlled by” and “under common Control with”), as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.

“Agent”: as defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
“Agent Fee Letter”: the agent fee letter agreement among Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated,Bank of America Securities, Inc. and Loan Party Agent dated October 19March 11, 20162020.

2


“Agent Indemnitees”: Agent and its officers, directors, employees, Affiliates, agents and attorneys.
“Agent Professionals”: attorneys, accountants, appraisers, auditors, business valuation experts, environmental engineers or consultants, turnaround consultants, and other professionals and experts retained by Agent.
“Allocable Amount”: as defined in Section 5.10.3.
“Anti-Terrorism Laws”: any laws relating to terrorism or money laundering, including the Patriot Act and the Proceeds of Crime Act.
“Applicable Lenders”: (i) with respect to the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower, the U.S. Lenders, and (ii) with respect to the Canadian Borrower, the Canadian Lenders.
“Applicable Loan Party Group”: (i) with respect to the U.S. Borrower, the U.S. Facility Loan Parties, (ii) with respect to the Canadian Borrower, the Canadian Facility Loan Parties that are domiciled in Canada and (iii) with respect to the European Borrower, the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties.
“Applicable Margin”: with respect to any Type of Loan and such other Obligations specified below, the respective margin set forth below, as determined by reference to the Average Quarterly Availability:

Level
Average Quarterly Availability
LIBOR Loans, Canadian BA Rate Loans, Letter of Credit Fees
U.S. Base Rate Loans, Canadian Base Rate Loans and Canadian Prime Rate Loans
I
Greater than or equal to 45% of the Borrowing Base
1.251.50%
0.250.50%
 
 
 
 
II
Greater than or equal to 20% of the Borrowing Base but less than 45% of the Borrowing Base
1.501.75%
0.500.75%
 
 
 
 
III
Less than 20% of the Borrowing Base
1.752.00%
0.751.00%
 
 
 
 
The Applicable Margin shall be adjusted quarterly as of the first (1st) day of each calendar quarter, based upon the Average Quarterly Availability for the immediately preceding calendar quarter. Notwithstanding the foregoing,As of the First Amendment Effective Date and until April 1

3

, 20172020, the Applicable Margin shall be the rates corresponding to Level 2II in the foregoing table.
“Approved Fund”: any Person (other than a natural person) that is engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans and similar extensions of credit in its ordinary course of activities, has the capacity to fund Revolver Loans hereunder and is administered or managed by a Lender, an entity that administers or manages a Lender, or an Affiliate of either.
“Asset Review and Approval Conditions”: with respect to any acquisition, amalgamation or merger in respect of which the Accounts or Inventory acquired therein or thereby are requested to be included in the Canadian Borrowing Base or U.S./European Borrowing Base, Agent shall have completed its review of such assets, including, without limitation, field examinations, audits, appraisals and other due diligence as Agent shall in its Permitted Discretion require; it being acknowledged and agreed that, (1) such additional assets, if any, to be included in the Canadian Borrowing Base or U.S./European Borrowing Base may be subject to different advance rates or eligibility criteria or may require the imposition of additional reserves with respect thereto and (2) prior to the inclusion of any additional assets in the Canadian Borrowing Base or U.S./European Borrowing Base, all actions shall have been taken to ensure that Agent has a perfected and continuing first priority security interest in and Lien on such assets (to the extent otherwise required herein).
“Asset Sale”: as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Assignment and Acceptance”: an assignment agreement between a Lender and Eligible Assignee, in the form of Exhibit D.
“Assignment of Claims Act”: Assignment of Claims Act of 1940, 31 U.S.C. § 3727, 41 U.S.C. § 15, as amended.
“Audit Trigger Period”: the period (a) commencing on the day that an Event of Default occurs, or Average Period Availability (for a one-day period) is less than the greater of (i) $35,000,00025,000,000 and (ii) 17.5% of the Borrowing Base at such time; and (b) continuing until, during the preceding thirty (30) consecutive days, no Event of Default has existed and Average Period Availability has been greater than the greater of (i) $35,000,00025,000,000 and (ii) 17.5% of the Borrowing Base at such time.
“Availability”: at any time, the sum of the Canadian Availability and the U.S. Availability, in each case, at such time.
“Average Availability Test Trigger”: with respect to the Specified Transaction Conditions, any time that Average Period Availability is (for a one-day period) less than the greater of (i) $45,000,000 and (ii) 30% of the Commitments on the date of such action or proposed action.

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“Average Period Availability”: for any period, an amount equal to the sum of the Availability for each day of such period (determined as of the close of business of each such day) divided by the actual number of days in such period, as determined by Agent, which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
“Average Quarterly Availability”: for any calendar quarter, an amount equal to the sum of the Availability for each day of such calendar quarter (determined as of the close of business of each such day) divided by the actual number of days in such calendar quarter, as determined by Agent, which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
“Bail-In Action”: means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable EEA Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an EEAAffected Financial Institution.
“Bail-In Legislation”: means, (a) with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law, rule, regulation or requirement for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule., and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 (as amended from time to time) and any other law, regulation or rule applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (other than through liquidation, administration or other insolvency proceedings).
“Bank of America”: Bank of America, N.A., a national banking association, and its successors and assigns.
“Bank of America (Canada)”: Bank of America, N.A. (acting through its Canada branch).
“Bank of America Indemnitees”: Bank of America and its officers, directors, employees, Affiliates, agents and attorneys.
“Bank Product”: any of the following products, services or facilities extended to any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary (or any other Affiliate thereof requested by a Borrower and approved by Agent) by a Lender or any of its Affiliates: (a) Cash Management Services; (b) products under Hedging Agreements; and (c) commercial credit card and merchant card services; provided, however, that for any of the foregoing to be included as an “Obligation” for purposes of a distribution under Section 5.5.1, the Lender or Affiliate providing such Bank Product and Loan Party Agent must have previously provided written notice to Agent of (i) the existence of such Bank Product, (ii) the maximum dollar amount of obligations arising thereunder to be included as a Canadian Bank Product Reserve or U.S. Bank Product Reserve, as applicable (“Bank Product Amount”), (iii) the methodology to be used by such parties in determining the Secured Bank Product Obligations owing from time to time and if Agent has received no such notice with respect to any such Bank Product, then Agent shall be permitted to assume that no such Bank Product is outstanding in connection with making distributions under Section 5.5.1 and (iv) its agreement to be bound by Section 12.14; provided, however, that no such notice from Loan Party Agent shall be required with respect to any Bank Products provided by Bank of America or its Affiliates. The Bank Product Amount may be changed from time to time by Agent (with respect to Bank Products provided by Bank of America or its Affiliates) in its Permitted Discretion or upon written notice to Agent by the Lender or Affiliate providing the related Bank Product and Loan Party Agent. No additional Bank Product Amount may be voluntarily established

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or increased by the Loan Parties at any time that a Default or Event of Default exists, or if a reserve in such amount would cause an Overadvance.
“Bank Product Amount”: as defined in the definition of Bank Product.
“Beneficial Ownership Certification”: a certification regarding beneficial ownership as required by the Beneficial Ownership Regulation, in form and substance satisfactory to Agent.
“Beneficial Ownership Regulation”: 31 C.F.R. §1010.230.
“Benefit Plan”: any (a) employee benefit plan (as defined in ERISA) subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) plan (as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Code), or (c) Person whose assets include (for purposes of ERISA Section 3(42) or otherwise for purposes of Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code) the assets of any such employee benefit plan or plan.
“Board of Directors”: as to any Person, the board of directors or managers, sole member or managing member, as applicable, of such Person (or, if such Person is a partnership, the board of directors or other governing body of the general partner of such Person) or any duly authorized committee thereof.
“Borrowed Money”: with respect to any Person, any (a) obligation that (i) arises from the borrowing of money by such Person (including, for the avoidance of doubt, arising from any Permitted Receivables Financing of such Person), (ii) is evidenced by notes, drafts, bonds, debentures, credit documents or similar instruments, (iii) accrues interest or is a type upon which interest charges are customarily paid (excluding trade payables or administrative or general expenses owing in the ordinary course of business) or (iv) was issued or assumed as full or partial payment for property (excluding trade payables owing in the ordinary course of business); (b) capitalized amount in respect of Capital Leases of such Person; (c) reimbursement obligations by such Person with respect to letters of credit issued for the account of such Person; and (d) guarantees by such Person of any of the foregoing owing by another Person.
“Borrower Materials”: Borrowing Base Certificates, Compliance Certificates and other information, reports, financial statements and other materials delivered by Borrowers hereunder, as well as the Reports provided by Agent to Lenders.
“Borrowers”: as defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
“Borrowing”: a group of Loans of one Type that are made on the same day or are converted into Loans of one Type on the same day.
“Borrowing Base”: the Canadian Borrowing Base and/or the U.S./European Borrowing Base, as the context requires.
“Borrowing Base Certificate”: a certificate, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit G or otherwise in form and substance satisfactory to Agent, by which Loan Party Agent certifies calculation of any Borrowing Base.

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“Business Day”: any day excluding Saturday, Sunday and any other day that is a legal holiday under the laws of the State of North Carolina or the State of New York or is a day on which banking institutions located in such States are closed; and when used with reference to (i) a LIBOR Loan denominated in Dollars, the term shall also exclude any day on which banks are not open for the transaction of banking business in London, England, (ii) a LIBOR Loan denominated in Euros, any fundings, disbursements, settlements and payments in Euros in respect of any such LIBOR Loan, or any other dealings in Euros to be carried out pursuant to this Agreement in respect of any such LIBOR Loan, the term shall also exclude any day that is not a TARGET Day, and (iii) a Canadian Revolver Loan, the term shall also exclude a day on which banks in Toronto, Ontario, Canada are not open for the transaction of banking business.
“Canadian Auto-Extension Letter of Credit”: as defined in Section 2.3.1(e).
“Canadian Availability”: as of any date of determination, the Canadian Borrowing Base as of such date of determination plus solely for purposes of calculating “Availability” in connection with the satisfaction of any Specified Transaction Conditions (other than in connection with the making of any Revolver Loan to the European Borrower pursuant to Section 2.1 or the issuance of any Letter of Credit for the account of the European Borrower pursuant to Section 2.2.), the Canadian Suppressed Amount on such date of determination plus the Canadian Designated Cash Amount on such date of determination minus the Canadian Revolver Exposure (calculated without duplication of any amounts reserved under the Canadian LC Reserve) on such date of determination..
“Canadian Availability Reserve”: the sum (without duplication) of (a) the Inventory Reserve with respect to the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties’ Inventory; (b) the Canadian Rent and Charges Reserve; (c) the Canadian LC Reserve; (d) the Canadian Bank Product Reserve; (e) the aggregate amount of liabilities secured by Liens upon any Canadian Facility Collateral that are senior to Agent’s Liens (but imposition of any such reserve shall not waive an Event of Default arising therefrom); (f) the Canadian Priority Payables Reserve; (g) the Wage Earner Protection Act Reserve; (h) the Canadian Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve; (i) the Canadian Tooling Vendor Reserve and (j) such additional reserves (including, without limitation, dilution reserves), in such amounts and with respect to such matters, as Agent in its Permitted Discretion may establish.
“Canadian BA Rate”: with respect to each Interest Period for a Canadian BA Rate Loan, the rate of interest per annum equal to the average rate applicable to Canadian Dollar Bankers’ Acceptances having an identical or comparable term as the proposed Canadian BA Rate Loan displayed and identified as such on the display referred to as the “CDOR Page” (or any display substituted therefor) of Reuter Monitor Money Rates Service as at approximately 10:00 a.m. Toronto time on such day (or, if such day is not a Business Day, as of 10:00 a.m. Toronto time on the immediately preceding Business Day); provided that if such rate does not appear on the CDOR Page at such time on such date, the rate for such date will be the annual discount rate (rounded upward to the nearest whole multiple of 1/100 of 1%) as of 10:00 a.m. Eastern time on such day at which a Canadian chartered bank listed on Schedule 1 of the Bank Act (Canada) as selected by Agent is then offering to purchase Canadian Dollar Bankers’ Acceptances accepted by it having such specified term (or a term as closely as possible comparable to such specified term); provided that if the Canadian BA Rate determined pursuant to the foregoing method is less than zeroone percent (1.00%), then such rate shall be deemed zeroone percent (1.00%) for purposes of this Agreement.

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“Canadian BA Rate Loan”: a Canadian Revolver Loan, or portion thereof, funded in Canadian Dollars and bearing interest calculated by reference to the Canadian BA Rate.
“Canadian Bank Product Reserve”: the aggregate amount of reserves, as established by Agent from time to time in its Permitted Discretion to reflect the reasonably anticipated liabilities in respect of the then outstanding Secured Bank Product Obligations of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries (or any other Affiliate thereof requested by the Canadian Borrower and approved by Agent).
“Canadian Base Rate”: for any day, a fluctuating rate of interest per annum equal to the higher of (a) the rate of interest in effect for such day as publicly announced from time to time by Bank of America (Canada) as its “base rate”, (b) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, and (c) LIBOR for a thirty (30) day interest period as of such day, plus 1.0%; provided that if the Canadian Base Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed zero for purposes of this Agreement. The “base rate” being a rate set by Bank of America (Canada) based on various factors including costs and desired return of Bank of America (Canada), general economic conditions and other factors, and used as a reference point for pricing loans in Dollars made at its “base rate”, which may be priced at, above or below such announced rate). Any change in the “base rate” announced by Bank of America (Canada) shall take effect at the opening of business on the day specified in the public announcement of such change. Each interest rate based upon the Canadian Base Rate shall be adjusted simultaneously with any change in the “base rate”. In the event that Bank of America (Canada) (including any successor or assignee) does not at any time publicly announce a “base rate”, then “Canadian Base Rate” shall mean the “base rate” publicly announced by a Schedule 1 chartered bank in Canada selected by Agent.
“Canadian Base Rate Loan”: a Canadian Revolver Loan, or portion thereof, funded in Dollars and bearing interest calculated by reference to the Canadian Base Rate.
“Canadian Borrower”: as defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
“Canadian Borrowing Base”: on any date of determination, an amount equal to the lesser of (a) the Maximum Canadian Facility Amount minus (x) the Canadian Priority Payables Reserve minus (y) the Wage Earner Protection Act Reserve minus (z) the Canadian LC Reserve; and (b) (1) the sum of (x) 85% of the Value of Eligible Accounts of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties; plus (y) the lesser of (i) 70% of the Value of Eligible Inventory of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties; and (ii) 85% of the NOLV Percentage of the Value of Eligible Inventory of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties; plus (z) 7585% of the Value of Eligible Tooling Accounts of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties minus (2) the Canadian Availability Reserve. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event may the maximum amount of availability under the Canadian Borrowing Base and the U.S./European Borrowing Base resulting from the inclusion of Eligible Tooling Accounts exceed $30,000,000 in the aggregate.
“Canadian Cash Collateral Account”: a demand deposit, money market or other account established by Agent at Bank of America (Canada) or such other financial institution as Agent may select in its discretion, which account shall be for the benefit of the Canadian Facility Secured Parties and shall be subject to Agent’s Liens securing the Canadian Facility Obligations.
“Canadian Designated Cash Amount”: the aggregate amount of cash of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties deposited in segregated DACA Deposit Accounts with Agent.

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“Canadian Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve”: the aggregate amount of reserves established by Agent from time to time in its Permitted Discretion in respect of any Designated Foreign Guaranty established in favor of a Canadian Lender and/or an Affiliate of a Canadian Lender.
“Canadian Dollars” or “Cdn$”: the lawful currency of Canada.
“Canadian Domiciled Loan Party”: each Canadian Subsidiary of Holdings now or hereafter party hereto as a Loan Party, and “Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties” means all such Persons, collectively.
“Canadian Dominion Account”: a special account established by the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties at Bank of America (Canada) or another bank reasonably acceptable to Agent, over which Agent has exclusive control for withdrawal purposes.
“Canadian Facility Collateral”: Collateral that now or hereafter secures (or is intended to secure) any of the Canadian Facility Obligations, including property of the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties pledged to secure their Obligations under their guarantee of the Canadian Facility Obligations.
“Canadian Facility Guarantee”: each guarantee agreement (including this Agreement) at any time executed by a Canadian Facility Guarantor in favor of Agent guaranteeing all or any portion of the Canadian Facility Obligations.
“Canadian Facility Guarantor”: Holdings, each Canadian Subsidiary of Holdings, each other U.S. Subsidiary of Holdings, and each other Person (if any) who guarantees payment and performance of any Canadian Facility Obligations.
“Canadian Facility Loan Party”: the Canadian Borrower or a Canadian Facility Guarantor.
“Canadian Facility Obligations”: all applicable Obligations of the Canadian Facility Loan Parties (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, all U.S./European Facility Obligations).
“Canadian Facility Secured Parties”: Agent, Canadian Issuing Bank, Canadian Lenders, Secured Bank Product Providers of Bank Products to Canadian Facility Loan Parties, and the Lead Arrangers.
“Canadian Issuing Bank”: (a) Bank of America (Canada) or an Affiliate of Bank of America (Canada), as an issuer of Letters of Credit under this Agreement and (b) Deutsche Bank AG Canada Branch or an Affiliate of Deutsche Bank AG Canada Branch, as an issuer of Letters of Credit under this Agreement.
“Canadian LC Obligations”: the sum (without duplication) of (a) all amounts owing by the Canadian Borrower for any drawings under Letters of Credit; (b) the stated amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of the Canadian Borrower; and (c) all fees and other amounts owing with respect to Letters of Credit issued for the account of the Canadian Borrower.

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“Canadian LC Reserve”: the aggregate of all Canadian LC Obligations, other than (a) those that have been Cash Collateralized; and (b) if no Default or Event of Default exists, amounts specified in clause (c) of the definition of Canadian LC Obligations.
“Canadian Lenders”: Bank of America (Canada) and each other Lender that has issued a Canadian Revolver Commitment (provided that such Person or an Affiliate of such Person also has a U.S./European Revolver Commitment), including Bank of America (Canada) in its capacity as a provider of Canadian Swingline Loans. Each Canadian Lender shall be a Canadian Qualified Lender.
“Canadian Letter of Credit Sublimit”: $1,000,000.
“Canadian Letters of Credit”: as defined in Section 2.3.1 hereof.
“Canadian Multi-Employer Plan”: each multi-employer plan, within the meaning of the Regulations under the Income Tax Act (Canada), but excluding, for greater certainty, any Multi-Employer Plan.
“Canadian Non-Extension Notice Date”: as defined in Section 2.3.1(e).
“Canadian Overadvance”: as defined in Section 2.1.5 hereof.
“Canadian Overadvance Loan”: a Loan made to the Canadian Borrower when a Canadian Overadvance exists or is caused by the funding thereof.
“Canadian Overadvance Loan Balance”: on any date, the amount by which the aggregate Canadian Revolver Exposure exceeds the amount of the Canadian Borrowing Base on such date.
“Canadian Pension Plan”: a “registered pension plan” as defined in the Income Tax Act (Canada), and any other pension plan maintained or contributed to by, or to which there is or may be an obligation to contribute by, any Loan Party in respect of its Canadian employees or former Canadian employees, excluding, for greater certainty, a Canadian Multi-Employer Plan.
“Canadian Prime Rate”: on any date, a fluctuating rate of interest per annum equal to the higher of (a) the rate of interest in effect for such day as publicly announced from time to time by Bank of America (Canada) as its “Canadian Prime rate” and (b) the CDORCanadian BA Rate for a thirty (30) day Interest Period as determined on such day plus 1.00%; provided that if the Canadian Prime Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed zero for purposes of this Agreement. The “Canadian Prime Rate” is a rate set by Bank of America (Canada) based upon various factors including Bank of America (Canada)’s costs and desired return, general economic conditions and other factors, and is used as a reference point for pricing some loans, which may be priced at, above, or below such announced rate. Any change in such rate announced by Bank of America (Canada) shall take effect at the opening of business on the day specified in the public announcement of such change.
“Canadian Prime Rate Loan”: a Canadian Revolver Loan, or portion thereof, funded in Canadian Dollars and bearing interest calculated by reference to the Canadian Prime Rate.

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“Canadian Priority Payables Reserve”: on any date of determination, a reserve in such amount as Agent may reasonably determine in its Permitted Discretion, which reflects the unpaid (when due) or un-remitted (when due) payroll tax deductions, employment insurance premiums, amounts deducted for vacation pay, wages, workers’ compensation and other unpaid (when due) or unremitted (when due) amounts by any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party which would give rise to a Lien with priority under applicable Law over the Lien of Agent and if any Loan Party issues a notice of intended wind up of the Canadian Pension Plan, the Superintendent, FSCO or other Governmental Authority issues a notice of the intended decision to wind up a Canadian Pension Plan or Agent reasonably determines in its Permitted Discretion that it is probable that a Canadian Pension Plan will be wound up and there is Canadian Unfunded Pension Liability at such time, a reserve, which Agent may assess and apply, in its Permitted Discretion, up to an amount that reflects the Canadian Unfunded Pension Liability of such Canadian Pension Plan.
“Canadian Qualified Lender”: a financial institution that is listed on Schedule I, II, or III of the Bank Act (Canada) or is not a foreign bank for purposes of the Bank Act (Canada), or if such financial institution is not resident in Canada and is not deemed to be resident in Canada with respect to any amounts received pursuant to this Agreement for purposes of Part XIII of the Income Tax Act (Canada), that financial institution deals at arm’s length with the Canadian Borrower for purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada).
“Canadian Reimbursement Date”: as defined in Section 2.3.2(a).
“Canadian Rent and Charges Reserve”: the aggregate of (a) all past due rent and other past due amounts owing by any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party to any landlord, warehouseman, processor, repairman, mechanic, shipper, freight forwarder, broker or other Person who possesses any Canadian Facility Collateral of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party or could assert a Lien on such Canadian Facility Collateral under applicable Law; plus (b) a reserve at least equal to three (3) months (or such shorter period as Agent determines in its Permitted Discretion as it will take to liquidate the ABL Collateral at such location) rent and other charges that could reasonably be expected to be payable to any such Person who possesses any Canadian Facility Collateral of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party and could reasonably be expected to assert a Lien on such Canadian Facility Collateral under applicable Law, unless, in any such case, such Person has executed a Collateral Access Agreement.
“Canadian Revolver Commitment”: for any Canadian Lender, its obligation to make Canadian Revolver Loans and to issue Canadian Letters of Credit, in the case of Canadian Issuing Bank, or participate in Canadian LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition), in the case of the other Canadian Lenders, to the Canadian Borrower up to the maximum principal amount shown on Schedule 1.1(a), or as hereafter determined pursuant to each Assignment and Acceptance to which it is a party, as such Canadian Revolver Commitment may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with the provisions of Sections 2.1.4 or 11.2. “Canadian Revolver Commitments” means the aggregate amount of such commitments of all Canadian Lenders.
“Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date”: the earliest of (a) the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date (without regard to the reason therefor), (b) the date on which Loan Party Agent terminates or reduces to zero (0) all of the Canadian Revolver Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1.4, and (c) the date on which the Canadian Revolver Commitments are terminated pursuant to Section 11.2.

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“Canadian Revolver Exposure”: on any date, an amount equal to the sum of the Dollar Equivalent of the Canadian Revolver Loans outstanding on such date plus the Canadian LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) on such date.
“Canadian Revolver Loan”: a Revolver Loan made by Canadian Lenders to the Canadian Borrower pursuant to Section 2.1.1(b), and any Canadian Swingline Loan, which Revolver Loan shall, if denominated in Canadian Dollars, be either a Canadian BA Rate Loan or a Canadian Prime Rate Loan and, if denominated in Dollars, shall be either a Canadian Base Rate Loan or a LIBOR Loan, in each case as selected by the Canadian Borrower or Loan Party Agent.
“Canadian Revolver Notes”: collectively, each promissory note, if any, executed by the Canadian Borrower in favor of a Canadian Lender to evidence the Canadian Revolver Loans funded from time to time by such Canadian Lender, which shall be in the form of Exhibit A-1 to this Agreement, together with any replacement or successor notes therefor.
“Canadian Security Agreement”: each general security agreement or deed of hypothec among any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party and Agent and each Section 427 Bank Act (Canada) security document among the Canadian Borrower and any Canadian Lender, as may be amended and/or restated from time to time.
“Canadian Subsidiary”: a Subsidiary of Holdings incorporated or organized under the laws of Canada or any province or territory of Canada.
“Canadian Suppressed Amount”: to the extent that the amount calculated pursuant to clause (b) of the Canadian Borrowing Base definition exceeds the then-current Canadian Revolver Commitment as of any date of determination, the amount of any such excess designated in writing by Loan Party Agent to Agent as “Canadian Suppressed Amount” under this Agreement; provided, that in no event shall the Canadian Suppressed Amount exceed $5,000,000 less the U.S./European Suppressed Amount as of such date of determination.
“Canadian Swingline Loan”: any Borrowing of Canadian Prime Rate Loans made pursuant to Section 4.1.3(c).
“Canadian Tooling Vendor Reserve”: the aggregate amount of reserves, as established by Agent from time to time in its Permitted Discretion to reflect the reasonably anticipated liabilities in respect of the then outstanding amounts owing to all tooling vendors with respect to the tooling giving rise to Eligible Tooling Accounts of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties.
“Canadian Unfunded Pension Liability”: any unfunded wind up deficiency as identified in (a) the most recent actuarial valuation report for the purposes of the PBA, or (b) any wind up report for the purposes of the PBA, and filed or required to be filed with any applicable Governmental Authority in respect of any Canadian Pension Plan.

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“Canadian Unused Line Fee Rate”: at any date of determination, a rate per annum equal to (a) 0.25% when the Canadian Revolver Exposure is greater than 50% of the Canadian Revolver Commitments and (b) 0.30% at all other times.
“Capital Expenditures”: all liabilities incurred or expenditures made by a Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary for the acquisition of any fixed assets, or any improvements, replacements, substitutions or additions thereto with a useful life of more than one (1) year that would, in any case, in accordance with GAAP, be included as additions to property, plant and equipment, but excluding (to the extent that they would otherwise be included): including, for the avoidance of doubt, any amount included in the calculation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (i) any expenditures during such period made for the replacement or restoration of assets with assets of the same or similar type to the extent paid for by any identifiable proceeds of casualty insurance or condemnation awards; (ii) the purchase price of assets purchased during such period to the extent the consideration therefor consists of the proceeds of a substantially concurrent sale of assets; (iii) any expenditures for the purchase price of assets acquired in an acquisition during such period; (iv) liabilities incurred or expenditures made to the extent such Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary has received reimbursement in cash from a third party during such period; (v) the non-cash book value of any asset owned by any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary which is included as an addition to property, plant and equipment as a result of the reuse of such asset during such period without a corresponding expenditure actually having been made or liability incurred in such period; (vi) the non-cash purchase price of equipment purchased during such period to the extent the consideration therefor consists of used or surplus equipment traded in at the time of such purchase; (vii) the non-cash purchase price of equipment that is purchased during such period and substantially contemporaneously with the trade-in of existing equipment to the extent that the gross amount of such purchase price is reduced by the credit granted by the seller of such equipment for the equipment being traded in at such time; and (viii) any expenditures during such period made with the proceeds of an issuance of Equity Interests by Holdings with respect to which: (a) such proceeds shall have been received by Holdings within one-hundred eighty days (180) of such expenditure, and (b) Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer of Loan Party Agent certifying in reasonable detail as to compliance with preceding clause (a).
“Capital Stock”:
(1)    in the case of a corporation, corporate stock;
(2)    in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock;
(3)    in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership or membership interests (whether general or limited); and
(4)    any other interest or participation that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person.
“Capitalized Lease Obligation”: at the time any determination thereof is to be made, the amount of the liability in respect of a capital lease that would at such time be required to be capitalized and reflected as a liability on a balance sheet (excluding the footnotes thereto) in accordance with GAAP; provided that any obligation in respect of operating leases of Holdings or its Restricted Subsidiaries, whether entered into before or after the Third Restatement Date, that are subsequently recharacterized as capital lease

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obligations of Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis due to the effects of Accounting Standards Codification 842 or a change in accounting treatment or otherwise after the Third Restatement Date will be deemed not to be treated as a Capitalized Lease Obligation or Indebtedness.
“Cash Collateral”: cash or Cash Equivalents, and any interest or other income earned thereon, that is delivered to Agent to Cash Collateralize any Obligations.
“Cash Collateralize”: the delivery of cash to Agent, as security for the payment of Obligations, in an amount equal to (a) with respect to LC Obligations, 105% of the aggregate amount of such LC Obligations, and (b) with respect to any inchoate, contingent or other Obligations (including Secured Bank Product Obligations), Agent’s good faith estimate of the amount due or to become due, including all fees and other amounts relating to such Obligations.
“Cash Collateralization” and “Cash Collateralized” have correlative meanings. For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that the ObligorsLoan Parties shall not Cash Collateralize Obligations hereunder with Cash Equivalents issued or guaranteed by the government of any Participating Member State.
“Cash Collateral Account”: the Canadian Cash Collateral Account and/or the U.S. Cash Collateral Account, as the context may require.
“Cash Contribution Amount”: the aggregate amount of cash contributions made to the capital of any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party.
“Cash Dominion Trigger Period”: the period (a) commencing on the day that an Event of Default occurs, or Average Period Availability is for a five (5) consecutive Business Day period, less than the greater of (i) $18,000,00015,000,000 and (ii) 10% of the Borrowing Base at such time; and (b) continuing until, during the preceding thirty (30) consecutive day period, no Event of Default has existed and Average Period Availability has been greater than the greater of (i) $18,000,00015,000,000 and (ii) 10% of the Borrowing Base at such time.
“Cash Equivalents”: (1) U.S. Dollars, Canadian dollars, pounds sterling, euros or the national currency of any participating member state of the European Union;
(2)    securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the government of the United States, Canada or any country that is a member of the European Union or any agency or instrumentality thereof in each case with maturities not exceeding two years from the date of acquisition;
(3)    certificates of deposit, time deposits and eurodollar time deposits with maturities of one year or less from the date of acquisition, bankers’ acceptances, in each case with maturities not exceeding one year, and overnight bank deposits, in each case with any commercial bank having capital and surplus in excess of $500,000,000, or the foreign currency equivalent thereof, and whose long-term debt is rated “A” or higher or the equivalent thereof by Moody’s or S&P (or reasonably equivalent ratings of another internationally recognized ratings agency);

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(4)    repurchase obligations for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (2) and (3) above entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (3) above;
(5)    commercial paper issued by a corporation (other than an Affiliate of Holdings) rated at least “A-1” or the equivalent thereof by Moody’s or S&P (or reasonably equivalent ratings of another internationally recognized ratings agency) and in each case maturing within one year after the date of acquisition;
(6)    readily marketable direct obligations issued by any state of the United States of America or any municipal or political subdivision thereof with a rating of
“AA-” from S&P or “Aa3” from Moody’s or guaranteed by a financial institution with a rating of “AA-” from S&P or “Aa3” from Moody’s (or reasonably equivalent ratings of another internationally recognized ratings agency) in each case with maturities not exceeding two years from the date of acquisition;
(7)    Indebtedness issued by Persons with a rating of “A” or higher from S&P or “A-2” or higher from Moody’s in each case with maturities not exceeding two years from the date of acquisition;
(8)    investment funds investing at least 90% of their assets in securities of the types described in clauses (1) through (7) above; and
(9)    in the case of Investments by any Restricted Subsidiary that is a Foreign Subsidiary, (x) such local currencies in those countries in which such Foreign Subsidiary transacts business from time to time in the ordinary course of business and (y) Investments of comparable tenor and credit quality to those described in the foregoing clauses (1) through (8) customarily utilized in countries in which such Foreign Subsidiary operates for short-term cash management purposes.
“Cash Management Services”: any services provided from time to time by any Lender or any of its Affiliates to any Loan Party or Subsidiary in connection with operating, collections, payroll, trust, or other depository or disbursement accounts, including automated clearinghouse, e-payable, electronic funds transfer, wire transfer, controlled disbursement, overdraft, depository, information reporting, lockbox and stop payment services.
“Casualty Event”: any involuntary loss of title, any involuntary loss of, damage to or any destruction of, or any condemnation or other taking (including by any Governmental Authority) of, any property of any Loan Party or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. “Casualty Event” shall include but not be limited to any taking of all or any part of any real property of any Person or any part thereof, in or by condemnation or other eminent domain proceedings, or by reason of the temporary requisition of the use or occupancy of all or any part of any real property of any Person or any part thereof by any Governmental Authority, civil or military, or any settlement in lieu thereof.
“CCAA”: Canada’s Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-36.
“CDOR Scheduled Unavailability Date”: as defined in Section 1.7.

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“CDOR Screen Rate”: as defined in Section 1.7.
“CDOR Successor Rate”: as defined in Section 1.7.
“CDOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes”: with respect to any proposed CDOR Successor Rate, any conforming changes to this Agreement, including changes to the Canadian BA Rate, Interest Period, timing and frequency of determining rates and payments of interest and other administrative matters as may be appropriate, in Agent's discretion, to reflect the adoption of such CDOR Successor Rate and to permit its administration by Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if Agent determines that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or that no market practice for the administration of such CDOR Successor Rate exists, in such other manner of administration as Agent determines in consultation with Borrowers). Such changes shall provide that the CDOR Successor Rate cannot be less than one percent (1.00%) for purposes of this Agreement.
“CFC”: a “controlled foreign corporation” within the meaning of Section 957 of the Code.
“Change in Law”: the occurrence, after the First Amendment Effective dDate hereof, of (a) the adoption, taking effect or phasing in of any law, rule, regulation or treaty; (b) any change in any law, rule, regulation or treaty or in the administration, interpretation or application thereof; or (c) the making, issuance or application of any request, guideline, requirement or directive (whether or not having the force of law) by any Governmental Authority; provided, however, that “Change in Law” shall include, regardless of the date enacted, adopted or issued, all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements or directives (i) under or relating to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or (ii) promulgated pursuant to Basel III by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any similar authority) or any other Governmental Authority.
“Change of Control”: means at any time, Holdings becomes aware of (by way of a report or any other filing pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, proxy, vote, or written notice) the acquisition by any “person” or “group” (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, or any successor provision), including any group acting for the purpose of acquiring, holding or disposing of securities (within the meaning of Rule 13d-5(b)(1) under the Exchange Act, or any successor provision), other than a Permitted Holder, in a single transaction or in a related series of transactions, by way of merger, consolidation or other business combination or purchase of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, or any successor provision) of 35% or more of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of Holdings or any Parent Entity unless (i) the Permitted Holders have, at such time, the right or the ability, directly or indirectly, by voting power, contract or otherwise, to elect or designate for election at least a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings or (ii) during any period of twelve (12) consecutive months, a majority of the seats (other than vacant seats) on the Board of Directors of Holdings shall be occupied by persons who were (x) members of the Board of Directors of Holdings nominated, or whose nomination or election was approved, by one or more Permitted Holders or (y) appointed by directors so approved or nominated; provided that so long as Holdings is a Subsidiary of a Parent Entity, no Person shall be deemed to be or become a beneficial owner of more than 50% of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of Holdings unless such Person shall be or become a beneficial owner of more than 50% of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of such Parent Entity.

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“Claims”: all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, judgments, proceedings, interest, costs and expenses of any kind (including remedial response costs, reasonable attorneys’ fees and Extraordinary Expenses) at any time (including after Full Payment of the Obligations, resignation or replacement of Agent, or replacement of any Lender) incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee in any way relating to (a) any Loans, Letters of Credit, Loan Documents, Borrower Materials or the use thereof or transactions relating thereto, (b) any action taken or omitted to be taken by any Indemnitee in connection with any Loan Documents, (c) the existence or perfection of any Liens, or realization upon any Collateral, (d) exercise of any rights or remedies under any Loan Documents or applicable Law, (e) failure by any Loan Party to perform or observe any terms of any Loan Document, or (f) any actual or alleged presence or Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Materials on, at, under or from any real property owned, leased or operated by any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary of any Loan Party at any time (other than any such presence, Release or threatened Release resulting solely from acts or omissions by Persons other than Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries after Agent sells the applicable Real Estate pursuant to a foreclosure or has accepted a deed in lieu of foreclosure), or any Environmental Claim related in any way to any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary, in each case, including all costs and expenses relating to any investigation, litigation, arbitration or other proceeding (including an Insolvency Proceeding or appellate proceedings), whether or not the applicable Indemnitee is a party thereto.
“Code”: the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
“Collateral”: all of each Loan Party’s right, title and interest in all property of such Loan Party, subject to a Lien under, or purported to be subject to a Lien under, the Security Documents, that, in each case, now or hereafter secures (or is intended to secure) any of the Obligations.
“Collateral Access Agreement”: an agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to Agent, by which (a) for any Collateral located on premises leased by a Loan Party, the lessor waives or subordinates any Lien it may have on the Collateral, and agrees to permit Agent to enter upon the premises and remove the Collateral or to use the premises to store or dispose of the Collateral; (b) for any Collateral held by a warehouseman, processor, shipper, customs broker or freight forwarder, such Person waives or subordinates any Lien it may have on the Collateral, agrees to hold any Documents in its possession relating to the Collateral as agent for Agent, and agrees to deliver the Collateral to Agent upon request; (c) for any Collateral held by a repairman, mechanic or bailee, such Person acknowledges Agent’s Lien, waives or subordinates any Lien it may have on the Collateral, and agrees to deliver the Collateral to Agent upon request; and (d) for any Collateral subject to a Licensor’s Intellectual Property rights, the Licensor grants to Agent the right, vis-à-vis such Licensor, to enforce Agent’s Liens with respect to the Collateral, including the right to dispose of it with the benefit of the Intellectual Property, whether or not a default exists under any applicable License; it being understood that any “Landlord Waiver” in substantially the form of Exhibit H and any “Bailee Letter” in substantially the form of Exhibit I, in any case obtained by or on behalf of any Loan Party, shall be satisfactory to Agent as a Collateral Access Agreement.
“Commitment”: for any Lender, the aggregate amount of such Lender’s Facility Commitments. “Commitments” means the aggregate amount of all Facility Commitments, which amount shall be $210,000,000 on the Third Restatement180,000,000 on the First Amendment Effective Date.

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“Commodity Exchange Act”: the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.).
“Compliance Certificate”: a certificate of Loan Party Agent, in form and substance consistent with past practices (and which shall, for the avoidance of doubt, list all outstanding Designated Foreign Guaranties), given at the times specified in Section 10.1.1(d).
“Connection Income Taxes”: Other Connection Taxes that are imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated) or that are franchise Taxes or branch profits Taxes.
“Consolidated Net Income”: as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Consolidated Senior Secured Net Debt Ratio”: as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Consolidated Total Assets”: the consolidated total assets of HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries as set forth on the consolidated balance sheet of HoldingsParent as of the most recent period for which financial statements were required to have been delivered pursuant to Sections 10.1.1(a) and (b).
“Consolidated Total Indebtedness”: as of any date of determination, the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on such date, determined on a consolidated basis, to the extent required to be recorded on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP, consisting of Indebtedness for borrowed money, Capitalized Lease Obligations and debt obligations evidenced by promissory notes or similar instruments (other than letters of credit to the extent undrawn).
“Consolidated Total Net Debt Ratio”: as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Contingent Obligations”: with respect to any Person, any obligation of such Person Guaranteeing any leases, dividends or other obligations that do not constitute Indebtedness (“primary obligations”) of any other Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, including, without limitation, any obligation of such Person, whether or not contingent:
(1)    to purchase any such primary obligation or any property constituting direct or indirect security therefor,
(2)    to advance or supply funds:
(a)    for the purchase or payment of any such primary obligation; or

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(b)    to maintain working capital or equity capital of the primary obligor or otherwise to maintain the net worth or solvency of the primary obligor; or
(3)    to purchase property, securities or services primarily for the purpose of assuring the owner of any such primary obligation of the ability of the primary obligor to make payment of such primary obligation against loss in respect thereof.
“Contractual Obligation”: as to any Person, any provision of any security issued by such Person or of any agreement, instrument or other undertaking to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound.
“Contribution Indebtedness”: Indebtedness of a U.S. Domiciled Loan Party in an aggregate principal amount not greater than the aggregate amount of cash contributions (other than Excluded Contributions) made to the capital of such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party after April 4, 2014; provided that:
(1)    such Contribution Indebtedness shall be Indebtedness with a Stated Maturity later than the Stated Maturity of the Term LoansFixed Asset Facility and a Weighted Average Life to Maturity longer than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Term LoansFixed Asset Facility, and
(2)    such Contribution Indebtedness (a) is Incurred within 210 days after the making of such cash contributions and (b) is so designated as Contribution Indebtedness pursuant to an Officer’s Certificate on the Incurrence date thereof.
“Covenant Party”: each Loan Party other than Holdings.
“Covered Entity”: (a) a “covered entity,” as defined and interpreted in accordance with 12 C.F.R. §252.82(b); (b) a “covered bank,” as defined in and interpreted in accordance with 12 C.F.R. §47.3(b); or (c) a “covered FSI,” as defined in and interpreted in accordance with 12 C.F.R. §382.2(b).
“Creditor Representative”: under any applicable Law, a receiver, interim receiver, receiver and manager, trustee (including any trustee in bankruptcy), custodian, conservator, administrator, examiner, sheriff, monitor, assignee, liquidator, provisional liquidator, sequestrator or similar officer or fiduciary.
“CRR”: the Council Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions and investment firms and amending Regulation (EU) No 648/2012.
“DACA Deposit Account”: a Deposit Account subject to a Deposit Account Control Agreement.
“Declined Amounts”: as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.

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“Default”: an event or condition that, with the lapse of time or giving of notice, would constitute an Event of Default.
“Default Rate”: for any Obligation (including, to the extent permitted by law, interest not paid when due), 2.00% per annum plus the interest rate otherwise applicable thereto or if such Obligation does not bear interest, a rate equal to the U.S. Base Rate, plus 2.00% per annum.
“Defaulting Lender”: any Lender that, as determined by Agent, (a) has failed to comply with its funding obligations hereunder, and such failure is not cured within two Business Days unless such Lender notifies Agent and Loan Party Agent in writing that such failure is the result of such Lender’s determination that one or more conditions precedent to funding (each of which conditions precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing) has not been satisfied; (b) has notified Agent or Loan Party Agent that such Lender does not intend to comply with its funding obligations hereunder or under any other credit facility, or has made a public statement to that effect (unless such writing or public statement relates to such Lender’s obligation to fund a Loan hereunder and states that such position is based on such Lender’s determination that a condition precedent to funding (which condition precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing or public statement) cannot be satisfied); (c) has failed, within three Business Days following request by Agent or Loan Party Agent, to confirm in a manner satisfactory to Agent and Loan Party Agent that such Lender will comply with its funding obligations hereunder (provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (c) upon receipt of such written confirmation by Agent and Loan Party Agent); or (d) has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, (i) become the subject of an Insolvency Proceeding (including reorganization, liquidation, or appointment of a receiver, custodian, administrator or similar Person by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other regulatory authority) or (ii) become the subject of a Bail-In Action; provided, however, that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of a Governmental Authority’s ownership of an equity interest in such Lender or parent company unless the ownership provides immunity for such Lender from jurisdiction of courts within the United States or from enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets, or permits such Lender or Governmental Authority to repudiate or otherwise to reject such Lender’s agreements.
“Deposit Account”: as defined in the UCC (and/or with respect to any Deposit Account located in Canada, any bank account with a deposit function).
“Deposit Account Control Agreements”: the deposit account control agreements in form and substance satisfactory to Agent executed by each lockbox servicer and financial institution maintaining a lockbox and/or Deposit Account (other than an Excluded Deposit Account) for a Loan Party, in favor of Agent and meeting the requirements set forth in Section 8.2.4.
“Designation Date”: the first (1st) date after the Third Restatement Date on which there shall occur (a) any event described in Section 11.1(i) with respect to any Borrower, or (b) an acceleration of Loans and termination of the Commitments pursuant to Section 11.2.
“Designated Foreign Guaranty”: a guaranty established by a Borrower in favor of any Lender and/or Affiliate of a Lender with respect to a monetary or financial obligation of a Foreign Subsidiary of Holdings (other than a Canadian Facility Loan Party or the European Borrower); provided that (x) the aggregate outstanding amount of Indebtedness of the Foreign Subsidiaries secured by the ABL Collateral shall not exceed $30,000,000 in the aggregate at any time and (y) for any of the foregoing to be included as an “Obligation” for purposes of a distribution under Section 5.5.1, the Lender or Affiliate providing such

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Designated Foreign Guaranty and Loan Party Agent must have previously provided written notice to Agent of (i) the existence of such Designated Foreign Guaranty, (ii) the maximum dollar amount of obligations arising thereunder which may be included as a Canadian Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve or U.S. Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve, as applicable (“Designated Foreign Guaranty Amount”), in Agent’s Permitted Discretion, and (iii) the methodology to be used by such parties in determining the Designated Foreign Guaranty Amount owing from time to time and if Agent has received no such notice with respect to any such Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve, then Agent shall be permitted to assume that no such Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve is outstanding in connection with making distributions under Section 5.5.1; provided, however, that no such notice from Loan Party Agent shall be required with respect to any Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve provided by Bank of America or its Affiliates. The Designated Foreign Guaranty Amount may be changed from time to time by Agent (with respect to Designated Foreign Guaranties provided by Bank of America or its Affiliates) in its Permitted Discretion or upon written notice to Agent by the Lender or Affiliate that is the beneficiary of the related Designated Foreign Guaranty and Loan Party Agent. No additional Designated Foreign Guaranty Amount may be voluntarily established or increased by the Loan Parties at any time that a Default or Event of Default exists, or if a reserve in such amount would cause an Overadvance.
“Designated Jurisdiction”: any country or territory that is the subject of any Sanction.
“Designated Preferred Stock”: Preferred Stock of Holdings or Holdings or any other Parent Entity, as applicable (other than Excluded Equity), that is issued after the April 4, 2014 for cash and is so designated as Designated Preferred Stock, pursuant to an Officer’s Certificate, on the issuance date thereof, the cash proceeds of which are contributed to the capital of Holdings (if issued by Holdings or any Parent Entity) and excluded from the calculation set forth in Section 10.2.3(a)(3).
“Disqualified Stock”: with respect to any Person, any Capital Stock of such Person that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is redeemable or exchangeable), in each case, at the option of the holder thereof or upon the happening of any event:
(1)    matures or is mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise (other than as a result of a change of control or asset sale so long as any rights of the holders thereof upon the occurrence of a change of control or asset sale event shall be subject to the prior repayment in full of the Term LoansFixed Asset Facility and all other Obligations that are accrued and payable and the termination of any Commitments),
(2)    is convertible or exchangeable for Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock, or
(3)    is redeemable at the option of the holder thereof, in whole or in part,
in each case prior to 91 days after the Facility Termination Date; provided, however, that only the portion of Capital Stock that so matures or is mandatorily redeemable, is so convertible or exchangeable or is so redeemable at the option of the holder thereof prior to such date shall be deemed to be Disqualified Stock; provided, further, however, that if such Capital Stock is issued to any employee or to any plan for

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the benefit of employees of Holdings or its Subsidiaries or by any such plan to such employees, such Capital Stock shall not constitute Disqualified Stock solely because it may be required to be repurchased by Holdings in order to satisfy applicable statutory or regulatory obligations or as a result of such employee’s termination, death or disability; provided, further, that any class of Capital Stock of such Person that by its terms authorizes such Person to satisfy its obligations thereunder by delivery of Capital Stock that is not Disqualified Stock shall not be deemed to be Disqualified Stock.

“Distribution”: any declaration or payment of a distribution, interest or dividend on any Equity Interest (other than payment-in-kind); any distribution, advance or repayment of Indebtedness to a holder of Equity Interests; or any purchase, redemption, or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interest (other than by issuance of Equity Interests which are not Disqualified Stock).
“Document”: as defined in the UCC (and/or with respect to any Document of a Canadian Domiciled Loan Party, a “document of title” as defined in the PPSA).
“Dollar Equivalent”: on any date, with respect to any amount denominated in Dollars, such amount in Dollars, and with respect to any stated amount in a currency other than Dollars, the amount of Dollars that Agent determines using the Exchange Rate (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) would be necessary to be sold on such date at the applicable Exchange Rate to obtain the stated amount of the other currency.
“Dollars” or “$”: lawful money of the United States.
“Dominion Account”: with respect to the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties, the Canadian Dominion Account, and with respect to the U.S. Facility Loan Parties, the U.S. Dominion Account.
“EBITDA”: determined on a consolidated basis for HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries, net income plus (a) without duplication and to the extent deducted in determining net income, the sum of (i) interest expense, (ii) Receivables Fees, (iii) provision for income taxes, (iv) depreciation and amortization expense, (v) non-cash charges, fees, losses or expenses (but excluding any non-cash charge, fee, loss or expense that was included in net income in a prior period and any non-cash charge, fee, loss or expense that relates to the write-down or write-off of Inventory, other than any write-down or write-off of Inventory as a result of purchase accounting adjustments in respect of any acquisition), (vi) cash and non-cash expenses in connection with facility closures, severance, relocation, restructuring, integration and other similar adjustments (“Facility Closings and Severance Expenses”) in any period, (vii) any losses on the sale of discontinued operations, (viii) any losses on business dispositions or asset dispositions, (ix) any extraordinary charges or losses during such period (calculated on an “after-tax” basis and in accordance with GAAP), (x) earnings of Joint Ventures to the extent received in cash in any period, (xi) non-recurring fees, expenses and charges made or incurred in respect of professional or financial advisory, investment banking, underwriting and similar services (including legal, accounting and consulting costs) to the extent relating to any offering of debt, Equity Interests, Investments, acquisitions, divestitures or discontinuations, in each case permitted hereunder (including, for the avoidance of doubt, fees, expenses and charges in

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connection with the Transactions), in each case, whether or not consummated and (xii) intellectual property royalties to the extent received in cash, minus (b) without duplication and to the extent included in determining net income, the sum of (i) any cash payments for Facility Closings and Severance Expenses paid after April 4, 2014 in excess of 20% of EBITDA (calculated without giving effect to this clause (b)(i) for such period) for the most recent twelve (12) calendar month period then ended on such date of determination, (ii) any extraordinary gains and non-cash items of income during such period (calculated on an “after-tax” basis and in accordance with GAAP), (iii) any gains for the sale of discontinued operations, (iv) any gains on business dispositions or asset dispositions (other than sales of inventory in the ordinary course of business) and (v) any cash payments made in respect of non-cash charges described in clause (a)(v) taken in a prior period; in each case of clauses (a) and (b), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. For purposes of the computation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, EBITDA for any period shall be calculated on a Pro Forma Basis to give effect to (i) any Person or business acquired during such period pursuant to an acquisition permitted hereby and not subsequently sold or otherwise disposed of by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period and (ii) any Subsidiary or business disposed of during such period by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.
“EEA Financial Institution”: means (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.
“EEA Member Country”: means any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.
“EEA Resolution Authority”: means any public administrative authority or any pPerson entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.
“Eligible Account”: as determined separately for (x) the Canadian Borrower and (y) the U.S. Borrower, an Account owing to the U.S. Borrower or the Canadian Borrower (or a member of its respective Applicable Loan Party Group) that arises in the ordinary course of business of such Borrower (or a member of its respective Applicable Loan Party Group) from the sale of goods or rendition of services, is payable in Dollars, Canadian Dollars or Mexican Pesos, and that is deemed by Agent in its Permitted Discretion to be an Eligible Account. Without limiting the foregoing, no Account shall be an Eligible Account if:

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(a)    it is unpaid for more than sixty (60) days after the original due date, or more than ninety (90) days after the original invoice date;
(b)    fifty percent (50%) or more of the Dollar Equivalent amount of all Accounts owing to such Borrower (or a member of its Applicable Loan Party Group) by the Account Debtor are not Eligible Accounts under the foregoing clause (a);
(c)    except as set forth in clause (d) below, when aggregated with other Accounts owing to such Borrower (or a member of its Applicable Loan Party Group) by the Account Debtor, it exceeds ten percent (10%) of the aggregate Eligible Accounts (or such higher percentage as Agent may establish for the Account Debtor from time to time) of each such Borrower (or a member of its Applicable Loan Party Group);
(d)    when aggregated with other Accounts owing to the Loan Parties by the relevant Account Debtor or any of its respective Affiliates, it exceeds (i) twenty percent (20%) in the case of Chrysler Group, LLC, (ii) 40% in the case of General Motors Corporation and (iii) forty percent (40%) in the case of Ford Motor Company, in each case, of the aggregate Eligible Accounts (or such higher percentage as the Required Lenders may establish for the Account Debtor from time to time) of the Loan Parties;
(e)    it does not conform in any material respect with a covenant or representation herein;
(f)    it is owing by a creditor or supplier who has not entered into an agreement reasonably satisfactory to Agent waiving applicable rights of set-off, or is otherwise reasonably determined to be subject to a potential offset, counterclaim, dispute, deduction, discount, recoupment, reserve, defense, chargeback, credit or allowance (but ineligibility shall be limited to the amount thereof), including, without limitation, liabilities related to the “Ford Electronic Raw Material Acquisition Program” and allowances for long term agreements;
(g)    an Insolvency Proceeding has been commenced by or against the Account Debtor; or the Account Debtor has failed, has suspended or ceased doing business, is liquidating, dissolving or winding up its affairs, is not Solvent, or is subject to Sanctions or any specially designated nationals list maintained by OFAC; or such Borrower (or a member of its Applicable Loan Party Group) is not able to bring suit or enforce remedies against the Account Debtor through judicial process (unless such Account is guaranteed or supported by a guarantor or support provider reasonably acceptable to Agent, on such terms as are reasonably acceptable to Agent);
(h)    the Account Debtor is organized or has its principal offices outside the United States or Canada, unless (i) such Account is contracted with the United States or Canada (as applicable) operations of such entity or (ii) the United States or Canada (as applicable) operations of such entity are responsible for payment thereof;
(i)    it is owing by a Government Authority, unless in the case of the Accounts of the U.S. Borrower or any other U.S. Facility Loan Party, the Account Debtor is the United States or any department, agency or instrumentality thereof and the Account has been assigned to Agent in compliance with the Assignment of Claims Act or, in the case of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party, the Account Debtor is the federal government of Canada or any Crown corporation, department, agency

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or instrumentality of Canada and the applicable Canadian Domiciled Loan Party has complied, to the satisfaction of Agent, with the Financial Administration Act;
(j)    it is not subject to a duly perfected, first priority Lien in favor of Agent, or is subject to any other Lien except a Permitted Collateral Lien;
(k)    the goods giving rise to it have not been delivered to and accepted by the Account Debtor, the services giving rise to it have not been accepted by the Account Debtor, or it otherwise does not represent a final sale;
(l)    it is evidenced by Chattel Paper or an Instrument of any kind, or has been reduced to judgment;
(m)    its payment has been extended beyond the periods specified in clause (a) above, the Account Debtor has made a partial payment, or it arises from a sale on a cash-on-delivery basis;
(n)    it arises from a sale to an Affiliate, from a sale on a bill-and-hold, guaranteed sale, sale‑or‑return, sale‑on‑approval, consignment, or other repurchase or return basis, or from a sale to a Person for personal, family or household purposes;
(o)    (A) the agreements evidencing such Accounts, in the case of Accounts of the U.S. Borrower or any other U.S. Facility Loan Party, are not governed by the laws of any state of the United States or the District of Columbia or Canada or any province or territory of Canada and (B) the agreements evidencing such Accounts, in the case of Accounts of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party, are not governed by the laws of Canada or any province or territory of Canada, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia, or the laws of such other jurisdictions acceptable to Agent;
(p)    it represents a progress billing or retainage, or relates to services for which a performance, surety or completion bond or similar assurance has been issued;
(q)    it includes a billing for interest, fees or late charges, but ineligibility shall be limited to the extent thereof. In calculating delinquent portions of Accounts under clauses (a) and (b), credit balances more than ninety (90) days old will be excluded;
(r)    it arises from sales of tooling (other than Eligible Tooling Accounts);
(s)    it is owing by NISCO or Nishikawa Rubber Company and the aggregate amount of all such Eligible Accounts do not exceed $5,000,000; or
(t)    it is otherwise unacceptable to Agent in its Permitted Discretion.
“Eligible Assignee”: a Person that is (i) a Lender or a U.S. based Affiliate of a U.S. Lender, (ii) if such Person is to hold U.S./European Facility Obligations, an Approved Fund; (iii) if such Person is to hold Canadian Facility Obligations, a Canadian Qualified Lender and a U.S. Lender or an Affiliate of a U.S. Lender; (iv) a financial institution approved by (x) Agent and Issuing Bank in their reasonable discretion and (y) Loan Party Agent (which approval by Loan Party Agent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, and shall be deemed given if no objection is made within five (5) Business Days after notice of the proposed assignment), that has total assets in excess of $5,000,000,000 and whose becoming an assignee would not constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 4975 of the Code or any other applicable Law;

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and (v) during the continuance of an Event of Default, any Person acceptable to Agent in its discretion (excluding any Loan Party or Affiliate thereof).
“Eligible Inventory”: as determined separately for (x) the Canadian Borrower and (y) the U.S. Borrower, Inventory owned by the U.S. Borrower or the Canadian Borrower (or a member of its respective Applicable Loan Party Group) that Agent, in its Permitted Discretion deems to be Eligible Inventory. Without limiting the foregoing, no Inventory shall be Eligible Inventory unless it:
(a)    is not packaging or shipping materials, labels, samples, display items, bags, replacement parts or manufacturing supplies;
(b)    is not held on consignment, nor subject to any deposit or downpayment;
(c)    is in new and saleable condition and is not damaged, defective, shopworn or otherwise unfit for sale;
(d)    is not slow-moving, obsolete or unmerchantable, and does not constitute returned or repossessed goods;
(e)    meets all standards imposed by any Governmental Authority in all material respects and has not been acquired from an entity subject to Sanctions or any specifically designated nationals list maintained by OFAC;
(f)    conforms in all material respects with the covenants and representations herein;
(g)    is subject to Agent’s duly perfected, first priority Lien, and no other Lien except a Permitted Collateral Lien;
(h)    is located within the continental United States, in the case of Inventory of the U.S. Borrower or any other U.S. Facility Loan Party, or within Canada, in the case of Inventory of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party, and is not consigned to any Person;
(i)    is not in transit (other than, in the case of Inventory of the U.S. Borrower or any other U.S. Facility Loan Party, in transit between facilities of the U.S. Facility Loan Parties or from facilities of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties or, in the case of Inventory of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party in transit between facilities of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties or from facilities of U.S. Facility Loan Parties);
(j)    is not subject to any (i) warehouse receipt unless the warehouseman has delivered a Collateral Access Agreement or with respect to which an appropriate U.S. or Canadian Rent and Charges Reserve has been established or (ii) negotiable Document;

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(k)    is not subject to any License or other arrangement that restricts such Borrower’s or Agent’s right to dispose of such Inventory, unless Agent has received an appropriate Collateral Access Agreement;
(l)    is not located on leased premises or in the possession of a warehouseman, repairman, mechanic, shipper, freight forwarder or other Person, unless the lessor or such Person has delivered a Collateral Access Agreement or with respect to which an appropriate U.S. or Canadian Rent and Charges Reserve has been established;
(m)    is not located on leased premises (unless a Collateral Access Agreement has been obtained with respect to such premises) or in the possession of a processor;
(n)    is reflected in the details of a current perpetual inventory report;
(o)    does not constitute the portion of the cost of such Inventory which is attributable to intercompany profit; and
(p)    does not constitute lower cost, market adjustment or reserves.
“Eligible Tooling Account”: as determined separately for (x) the Canadian Borrower and (y) the U.S. Borrower, an Account (a) that would qualify as an Eligible Account but for the fact that it arose from the sale of tooling; (b) that has been billed for fully completed tooling in accordance with the underlying purchase order for the tooling and consistent with the applicable Borrower’s customary billing practices; (c) for which all tooling related to those Accounts has met all Production Part Approval Process requirements and all other required approvals, in each case in all material respects; (d) for which there are no conditions to payment of the Accounts; (e) that has not been sold pursuant to a Permitted Receivables Financing, and (f) for which there are no Liens on any of the tooling to which the Accounts relate (other than (x) in Agent’s favor and (y) second priority Liens in Fixed Asset Facility Collateral Agent’s favor or other Permitted Collateral Liens).
“EMU Legislation”: the legislative measures of the European Union for the introduction of, changeover to or operation of the Euro in one or more member states of the European Union.
“Enforcement Action”: any action to enforce any Obligations (other than Secured Bank Product Obligations) or Loan Documents or to realize upon any Collateral (whether by judicial action, self-help, notification of Account Debtors, exercise of setoff or recoupment, or otherwise).
“Environment”: ambient air, indoor air, surface water, groundwater, drinking water, land surface and subsurface strata and natural resources such as wetlands, flora and fauna.
“Environmental Claim”: any investigation, notice, notice of violation or of potential responsibility, claim, action, suit, proceeding, demand, abatement order or other order or directive (conditional or otherwise), by any Governmental Authority or any other Person, arising (i) pursuant to or in connection with any actual or alleged violation of any Environmental Law; (ii) in connection with any Hazardous Material; or (iii) in connection with any actual or alleged damage, injury, threat or harm to health, safety, natural resources or the environment.

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“Environmental Laws”: any and all applicable current or future federal, state, provincial, territorial, local and foreign statutes, laws, including common law, regulations or ordinances, rules, judgments, orders, decrees, permits licenses or restrictions imposed by a Governmental Authority relating to pollution, the protection of the Environment and the protection of human health (to the extent relating to exposure to Hazardous Materials), including those relating to the generation, use, handling, storage, transportation, treatment or Release or threat of Release of Hazardous Materials.
“Environmental Liability”: any liability, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of investigation or remediation, fines, penalties or indemnities), of Holdings, any other Loan Party or any of their respective Subsidiaries directly or indirectly resulting from or based upon (a) violation of any Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, (c) exposure to any Hazardous Materials, (d) the Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Materials or (e) any contract, agreement or other binding consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.
“Environmental Permit”: any permit, approval, identification number, license or other authorization required under any Environmental Law.
“Equity Interests”: Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt security that is convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).
“Equity Offering”: any public or private sale after April 4, 2014 of capital stock or Preferred Stock of Holdings or any Parent Entity or any direct or indirect parent of Holdings, as applicable (other than Disqualified Stock), other than:
(1)    public offerings with respect to Holdings’ or such Parent Entity’s common stock registered on Form S-8; and
(2)    any such public or private sale that constitutes an Excluded Contribution or Refunding Capital Stock.
“ERISA”: the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and the rules and regulations thereunder, each as amended or modified from time to time.
“ERISA Affiliate”: as applied to any Person, (i) any corporation which is a member of a controlled group of corporations within the meaning of Section 414(b) of the Code of which that Person is a member; (ii) any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) which is a member of a group of trades or businesses under common control within the meaning of Section 414(c) of the Code of which that Person is a member; and (iii) any member of an affiliated service group within the meaning of Section 414(m) or (o) of the Code of which that Person, any corporation described in clause (i) above or any trade or business described in clause (ii) above is a member.
“ERISA Event”: (a) a Reportable Event with respect to a Pension Plan; (b) a withdrawal by Holdings, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate from a Pension Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which it was a substantial employer (as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA) or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA; (c) a complete or partial withdrawal by Holdings, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate from a Multiemployer Plan or notification that a Multiemployer Plan is insolvent or in reorganization (within the meaning of Title IV of ERISA) or in “endangered” or “critical” status (within the meaning of Section 432 of the Code or Section 305 of

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ERISA); (d) the filing of a notice of intent to terminate, or the commencement of proceedings by the PBGC to terminate, a Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (e) an event or condition which constitutes grounds under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (f) with respect to a Pension Plan, the failure to satisfy the minimum funding standard of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, whether or not waived; (g) the failure to make by its due date a required contribution under Section 430(j) of the Code with respect to any Pension Plan or the failure to make any required contribution to a Multiemployer Plan; (h) the imposition of any liability under Title IV of ERISA, other than for PBGC premiums due but not delinquent, upon Holdings, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate or (i) the occurrence of a nonexempt prohibited transaction (within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA) which could result in liability to Holdings or any Subsidiary.
“EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule”: means the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor person), as in effect from time to time.
“Euro” or “€”: the single lawful currency of the European Union as constituted by the treaty establishing the European Community being the Treaty of Rome, as amended from time to time and as referred to in the EMU Legislation.
“European Bank Product Reserve”: the aggregate amount of reserves, as established by Agent from time to time in its Permitted Discretion to reflect the reasonably anticipated liabilities in respect of the then outstanding Secured Bank Product Obligations of the European Borrower and its Subsidiaries (or any other Affiliate thereof requested by the European Borrower and approved by Agent).
“European Borrower”: as defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
“European Facility Obligations”: all applicable Obligations of the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Obligations of the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties as guarantors of the Canadian Facility Obligations and the European Facility Obligations).
“European LC Obligations”: the sum (without duplication) of (a) all amounts owing by the European Borrower for any drawings under Letters of Credit; (b) the stated amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of the European Borrower; and (c) all fees and other amounts owing with respect to Letters of Credit issued for the account of the European Borrower.
“European Letters of Credit”: as defined in Section 2.2.1 hereof.
“European Revolver Exposure”: on any date, an amount equal to the sum of the Dollar Equivalent of the European Revolver Loans outstanding on such date plus the European LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) on such date.
“European Revolver Loan”: a Revolver Loan made by a U.S. Lender to the European Borrower pursuant to Section 2.1.1(a), which Loan shall be denominated in Euros and shall be a LIBOR Loan.
“European Revolver Notes”: collectively, each promissory note, if any, executed by the European Borrower in favor of a U.S. Lender to evidence the European Revolver Loans funded from time to time by such U.S. Lender, which shall be in the form of Exhibit A-3 to this Agreement, together with any replacement or successor notes therefor.

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“Event of Default”: as defined in Section 11.
“Excess Amount”: as defined in Section 5.12.
“Exchange Rate”: on any date, (i) with respect to Canadian Dollars in relation to Dollars, the spot rate as quoted by Bank of America as its noon spot rate at which Dollars are offered on such date for Canadian Dollars, (ii) with respect to Dollars in relation to Canadian Dollars, the spot rate as quoted by Bank of America as its noon spot rate at which Canadian Dollars are offered on such date for Dollars, (iii) with respect to Euros in relation to Dollars, the spot rate as quoted by Bank of America as its noon spot rate at which Dollars are offered on such date for Euros, (iv) with respect to Dollars in relation to Euros, the spot rate as quoted by Bank of America as its noon spot rate at which Euros are offered on such date for Dollars, (v) with respect to Sterling in relation to Dollars, the spot rate as quoted by Bank of America as its noon spot rate at which Dollars are offered on such date for Sterling and (vi) with respect to Dollars in relation to Sterling, the spot rate as quoted by Bank of America as its noon spot rate at which Sterling are offered on such date for Dollars.
“Excluded Contributions”: means the net cash proceeds and Cash Equivalents received by Holdings after April 4, 2014 from:
(1)    contributions to its common equity capital, and
(2)    the sale of Capital Stock (other than Excluded Equity) of Holdings,
in each case designated as Excluded Contributions pursuant to an Officer’s Certificate executed by an Officer of Holdings, the proceeds of which are excluded from the calculation set forth in Section 10.2.3(a)(3).
“Excluded Deposit Accounts”: as defined in the Pledge and Security Agreement and the Canadian Security Agreement.
“Excluded Equity”: (i) Disqualified Stock, (ii) any Equity Interests issued or sold to a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings or any employee stock ownership plan or trust established by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries (to the extent such employee stock ownership plan or trust has been funded by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary) and (iii) any Equity Interest that has already been used or designated as (or the proceeds of which have been used or designated as) Cash Contribution Amount, Designated Preferred Stock, Excluded Contribution or Refunding Capital Stock, to increase the amount available under Section 10.2.3(b)(vi)(A) or clause (14) of the definition of “Permitted Investments.”

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“Excluded Subsidiary”: any Subsidiary that is (a) a Foreign Subsidiary, other than a Canadian Subsidiary (with respect to any Guarantee of Obligations of the Canadian Borrower), that is a CFC or any Subsidiary of a CFC, (b) an Unrestricted Subsidiary, (c) not wholly owned directly by Holdings or one or more of its wholly owned Restricted Subsidiaries, (d) an Immaterial Subsidiary, (e) a charitable Subsidiary, (f) any Subsidiary that is prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation or by any Contractual Obligation existing on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date and not entered into in contemplation hereof from guaranteeing the Obligations or which would require governmental and/or regulatory consent, approval, license or authorization to provide such guarantee, unless such consent, approval, license or authorization has been received, or which would result in adverse tax consequences to Holdings and/or any of its Subsidiaries as reasonably determined by Holdings, (g) any Receivables Subsidiary, (h) any Subsidiary that is created solely for the purpose of consummating a transaction pursuant to an acquisition permitted hereunder, if such new Subsidiary at no time holds any assets or liabilities other than any merger consideration contributed to it contemporaneously with the closing of such transactions, provided that such Subsidiary shall only be an Excluded Subsidiary for the period immediately prior to such acquisition and (i) any Subsidiary that has no material assets other than the Capital Stock of CFCs.
“Excluded Swap Obligation”: with respect to any Loan Party, each Swap Obligation as to which, and only to the extent that, a Loan Party’s guaranty of or grant of a Lien as security for such Swap Obligation is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act because such Loan Party does not constitute an “eligible contract participant” as defined in the act (determined after giving effect to Section 5.10 and any other keepwell, support or other agreement for the benefit of such Loan Party, and all guarantees of Swap Obligations by other Loan Parties) when such guaranty or grant of Lien becomes effective with respect to the Swap Obligation. If a Hedging Agreement governs more than one Swap Obligation, only the Swap Obligation(s) or portions thereof described in the foregoing sentence shall be Excluded Swap Obligation(s).
“Excluded Tax”: any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to a Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Recipient, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income or net profits (however denominated), franchise Taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of such Recipient being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its applicable lending office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes, (b) in the case of a Lender, U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to or for the account of such Lender with respect to an applicable interest in a Loan or Commitment pursuant to a law in effect on the date on which (i) such Lender acquires such interest in the Loan or Commitment (other than pursuant to an assignment request by the Borrowers under Section 12.10) or (ii) such Lender changes its lending office, except in each case to the extent that, pursuant to Section 5.8, amounts with respect to such Taxes were payable either to such Lender’s assignor immediately before such Lender became a party hereto or to such Lender immediately before it changed its lending office, (c) Taxes attributable to such Recipient’s failure to comply with Section 5.9 and (d) any U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA. Notwithstanding the foregoing, United States withholding Taxes shall not be “Excluded Taxes” if such withholding Taxes arise on or after the implementation of the transactions contemplated by the Reallocation Agreement.

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“Existing Letters of Credit”: means the letters of credit set forth on Schedule 1.1(c).
“Existing Loan Agreement”: as defined in the Recitals to this Agreement.
“Extraordinary Expenses”: all costs, expenses or advances that Agent may incur during a Default or Event of Default, or during the pendency of an Insolvency Proceeding of a Loan Party, including those relating to (a) any audit, inspection, repossession, storage, repair, appraisal, insurance, manufacture, preparation or advertising for sale, sale, collection, or other preservation of or realization upon any Collateral; (b) any action, arbitration or other proceeding (whether instituted by or against Agent, any Lender, any Loan Party, any representative of creditors of a Loan Party or any other Person) in any way relating to any Collateral (including the validity, perfection, priority or avoidability of Agent’s Liens with respect to any Collateral), Loan Documents, Letters of Credit or Obligations, including any lender liability or other Claims; (c) the exercise, protection or enforcement of any rights or remedies of Agent in, or the monitoring of, any Insolvency Proceeding; (d) settlement or satisfaction of any taxes, charges or Liens with respect to any Collateral; (e) any Enforcement Action; (f) negotiation and documentation of any modification, waiver, workout, restructuring or forbearance with respect to any Loan Documents or Obligations; and (g) Protective Advances. Such costs, expenses and advances include transfer fees, Other Taxes, storage fees, insurance costs, permit fees, utility reservation and standby fees, legal fees, appraisal fees, brokers’ fees and commissions, auctioneers’ fees and commissions, accountants’ fees, environmental consultants’ fees, wages and salaries paid to employees of any Loan Party or independent contractors in liquidating any Collateral, and travel expenses.
“Facility Commitment”: with respect to the commitment of a U.S. Lender, its U.S./European Revolver Commitment and, with respect to a Canadian Lender, its Canadian Revolver Commitment; and the term “Facility Commitments” means, collectively, the Facility Commitments of U.S. Lenders and the Facility Commitments of Canadian Lenders. To the extent any Lender has both a U.S. Revolver Commitment and a Canadian Revolver Commitment, such Commitments shall be considered as separate Commitments for purposes of this definition.
“Facility Commitment Increase Effective Date”: as defined in Section 2.1.4(f).
“Facility Termination Date”: November 2, 2021the earlier of (a) March 24, 2025 and (b) the date 91 days prior to the maturity date of the Fixed Asset Facility.
“Fair Market Value”: with respect to any asset or property, the price which could be negotiated in an arm’s-length, free market transaction, for cash, between a willing seller and a willing and able buyer, neither of whom is under undue pressure or compulsion to complete the transaction (as determined in good faith by the Loan Party Agent).
“FATCA”: Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code (including any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1474(b)(1) of the Code), as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any intergovernmental agreements between a non-U.S. jurisdiction and the United States with respect to the foregoing, and any related laws, rules or regulations adopted pursuant to or to implement any of the foregoing.

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“Federal Funds Rate”: for any date, (a) the weighted average ofper annum interest rates on overnight federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by federal funds brokers on the applicable Business Dday (or on the preceding Business Day, if the applicable day is not a Business Day), as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on the next Business Day; or (b) if no suchthe rate is not so published on the next Business Day, the average per annum rate (rounded up, if necessary, to the nearest 1/1008 of 1%) charged to Bank of America on the applicable day on such transactions, as determined by Agent; provided, that in no event shall the Federal Funds Rate be less than zero.
“FILO Credit Facility”: as defined in Section 2.4(a).
“FILO Credit Facility Amendment”: as defined in Section 2.4(c).
“FILO Lenders”: as defined in Section 2.4(a).
“Financial Administration Act”: Financial Administration Act (Canada) and all regulations and schedules thereunder.
“Financial Covenant Trigger Period”: the period (a) commencing on the day that an Event of Default occurs, or Average Period Availability (for a one-day period) is less than the greater of (i) $15,000,000 and (ii) 10% of the Borrowing Base; and (b) continuing until, during the preceding thirty (30) consecutive days, no Event of Default has existed and Average Period Availability has been greater than the greater of (i) $15,000,000 and (ii) 10% of the Borrowing Base.
“First Amendment”: that certain Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of the First Amendment Effective Date by and among the Loan Parties party thereto, Agent and the Lenders party thereto.
“First Amendment Effective Date”: March 24, 2020.
“Fixed Asset Collateral”: as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement.
“Fixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio”: the “Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” as defined in the agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Fixed Asset Facility Pro Forma Basis: with respect to the incurrence of any applicable Indebtedness under this Agreement, the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a “pro forma basis” as described in the applicable agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Fixed Asset Facility”: (i) the term loan facility with respect to the senior secured term B credit facility entered into on the Third Restatement Date among Holdings, the financial institutions named therein and Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, as administrative agent and collateral agent, as amended, restated, supplemented, waived, replaced (whether or not upon termination, and whether with the original lenders or otherwise), restructured, repaid, refunded, refinanced or otherwise modified from time to time, including any agreement or indenture extending the maturity thereof, refinancing, replacing or otherwise restructuring

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all or any portion of the Indebtedness under such facility or agreements or indenture or indentures or any successor or replacement facility or indenture or indentures or increasing the amount loaned or issued thereunder or altering the maturity thereof, and (ii) whether or not the credit agreement referred to in clause (i) remains outstanding, if designated by Holdings to be included in the definition of “Fixed Asset Facility,” one or more (A) debt facilities, indentures or commercial paper facilities providing for revolving credit loans, term loans, notes, debentures, receivables financing (including through the sale of receivables to lenders or to special purpose entities formed to borrow from lenders against such receivables) or letters of credit, (B) debt securities, indentures or other forms of debt financing (including convertible or exchangeable debt instruments or bank guarantees or bankers’ acceptances), or (C) instruments or agreements evidencing any other Indebtedness, in each case, with the same or different borrowers or issuers and, in each case, as amended, supplemented, modified, extended, restructured, renewed, refinanced, restated, increased, replaced or refunded in whole or in part from time to time; provided, that any Fixed Asset Facility shall be subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, and any amendment, supplement, modification, extension, restructuring, renewal, refinancing, restatement, increase, replacement or refunding thereto shall be permitted by the Intercreditor Agreement.
“Fixed Asset Facility Collateral Agent”: the collateral agent for the holders of(or the administrative agent in similar capacity) with respect to the Fixed Asset Facility.
“Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio”: for HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on any date of determination, the ratio, determined on a consolidated basis for the most recent twelve (12) calendar month period then ended on such date of determination, of (a) EBITDA minus Capital Expenditures (except those financed with Borrowed Money other than Revolver Loans), and cash taxes paid (net of cash tax refunds received during such period), in each case during such period to (b) Fixed Charges during such period.
“Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio Test Period”: with respect to each calendar month, the immediately preceding twelve (12) calendar month period ending on the last day of the prior calendar month.
“Fixed Charges”: for any period and for HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis included in any applicable calculation of Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, the sum of (calculated on a consolidated basis solely with respect to those Persons specified to be included in such calculation), without duplication:
(a)    cash interest expense (net of any interest income);
(b)    Receivables Fees;
(c)    scheduled principal payments in respect of Borrowed Money, as determined on the first day of the applicable period (or if such Indebtedness was incurred on a subsequent date, on such date); but excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, (i) payments made on Revolving Loans and Swingline Loans during such period and (ii) voluntary and mandatory prepayments of other Indebtedness permitted by this Agreement;

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(d)    all regularly scheduled Distributions made by Holdings in cash (including without limitation any regularly scheduled Distributions to a Parent Entity to meet the debt service obligations of such Parent Entity); and
(e)    mandatory cash contributions made to any Pension Plan less (without duplication) the profit and loss statement charge (or benefit with respect to such pension funding obligations for such period).
“Floating Rate Loan”: a U.S. Base Rate Loan, a Canadian Prime Rate Loan or a Canadian Base Rate Loan, as the context requires.
“FLSA”: the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938.
“Foreign Collateral”: the ABL Collateral of any Loan Party that is not a Foreign Subsidiary.
“Foreign Government Scheme or Arrangement”: as defined in Section 9.1.18(d).
“Foreign Plan”: as defined in Section 9.1.18(d).
“Foreign Plan Event”: (i) the failure of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to make its required contributions in respect of any Foreign Plan; (ii) the failure of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to administer any Foreign Plan in accordance with its terms and all applicable laws; (iii) the occurrence of an act or omission in respect of any Foreign Plan which could give rise to the imposition on Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of fines, penalties or related charges under applicable laws; (iv) the assertion of a material claim (other than a routine claim for benefits) against Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in respect of a Foreign Plan; (v) the imposition of a Lien in respect of any Foreign Plan; or (vi) any event or condition which might constitute grounds for termination, in whole or in part, of any Foreign Plan or the appointment of a trustee to administer any Foreign Plan.
“Foreign Subsidiary”: a Restricted Subsidiary not organized or existing under the laws of the United States of America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia thereof and any direct or indirect Subsidiary of such Restricted Subsidiary.
“FRB”: the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States.
“Fronting Exposure”: a Defaulting Lender’s interest in LC Obligations, Swingline Loans and Protective Advances, except to the extent allocated to other Lenders under Section 4.2 or, in the case of LC Obligations, Cash Collateralized by the Defaulting Lender.
“FSCO”: The Financial Services Commission of Ontario or like body in any other province of Canada with whom a Canadian Pension Plan is registered in accordance with applicable Law and any other Governmental Authority succeeding to the functions thereof.
“Full Payment”: with respect to any Obligations (other than indemnity obligations that are not currently due and payable): (a) the full and indefeasible cash payment thereof in the applicable currency required hereunder, including any interest, fees and other charges accruing during an Insolvency Proceeding (whether or not allowed in the proceeding) and (b) if such Obligations are LC Obligations consisting of

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undrawn Letters of Credit, Cash Collateralization thereof (or delivery of a standby letter of credit acceptable to Agent in its discretion, in the amount of required Cash Collateral). No Loans shall be deemed to have been paid in full until all Commitments related to such Loans have expired or been terminated.
“GAAP”: generally accepted accounting principles in effect in the United States, from time to time, applied consistently. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, the amount of any Indebtedness under GAAP with respect to Capitalized Lease Obligations shall be determined in accordance with the definition of Capitalized Lease Obligations.
“General Intangibles”: as defined in the UCC (and/or with respect to any General Intangible of a Canadian Facility Loan Party, an “intangible” as defined in the PPSA).
“Governmental Approvals”: all authorizations, consents, approvals, licenses and exemptions of, registrations and filings with, all Governmental Authorities.
“Governmental Authority”: any nation or government, any state, province, territory or other political subdivision thereof, anyfederal, state, providence, local, foreign or other agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, administrative tribunalbody, commission, court, instrumentality, political subdivision, central bank, or other entity or officer exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to governmentfor any governmental, judicial, investigative, regulatory or self-regulatory authority (including the Financial Conduct Authority, the Prudential Regulation Authority and any supra-national bodies such as the European Union or European Central Bank), in each case whether it is or is not associated with the United States, a state, district or territory thereof, Canada, a province or territory thereof, or the Netherlands.
“Government Scheme or Arrangement”: as defined in Section 9.1.18(d).
“Guarantee”: each guarantee agreement (including this Agreement and the Canadian Facility Guarantee) executed by a Guarantor in favor of Agent guaranteeing all or any portion of any Canadian Facility Obligation or U.S./European Facility Obligation.
“Guarantors”: Canadian Facility Guarantors, U.S./European Facility Guarantors, and each other Person (if any) who guarantees payment or performance of any Obligations.
“Guarantor Payment”: as defined in Section 5.10.3.
“Hazardous Materials”: petroleum or petroleum distillates, asbestos or asbestos-containing materials or any other chemical, material, substance, waste, pollutant or contaminant or compound which is regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law.
“Hedging Agreement”: an agreement relating to any swap, cap, floor, collar, option, forward (excluding contracts for the acquisition of raw materials in the ordinary course of business), cross right or obligation, or combination thereof or similar transaction, with respect to interest rate, foreign exchange, currency, commodity, credit or equity risk.

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“Hedging Obligations”: with respect to any Person, the obligations of such Person under any Hedging Agreement.
“Holdings”: as defined in the Recitals to this Agreement.
“Hypothecary Representative”: as defined in Section 12.1.1(c).
“Immaterial Subsidiary”: any Subsidiary of Holdings that, as of the date of the most recent financial statements required to be delivered pursuant to Section 10.1.1(a) and (c), does not have assets (together with the assets of all other Immaterial Subsidiaries) in excess of 1.5% of Consolidated Total Assets or annual revenues of Holdings and its consolidated Subsidiaries.
“Incremental Equivalent Debt”: has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2.2(b)(xxxi).
“Incur”: with respect to any Indebtedness or Capital Stock, issue, assume, Guarantee, incur or otherwise become liable for such Indebtedness or Capital Stock, as applicable; provided, however, that any Indebtedness or Capital Stock of a Person existing at the time such Person becomes a Subsidiary (whether by merger, consolidation, acquisition or otherwise) shall be deemed to be Incurred by such Person at the time it becomes a Subsidiary.
“Indebtedness”: with respect to any Person:
(1)    the principal and premium (if any) of any Indebtedness of such Person, whether or not contingent, (a) in respect of borrowed money, (b) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or letters of credit or bankers’ acceptances (or, without duplication, reimbursement agreements in respect thereof), (c) representing the deferred and unpaid purchase price of any property, except (i) any such balance that constitutes a trade payable, accrued expense or similar obligation to a trade creditor, in each case Incurred in the ordinary course of business and (ii) any earn-out obligations until such obligation becomes a liability on the balance sheet of such Person in accordance with GAAP, (d) in respect of Capitalized Lease Obligations, (e) representing any Hedging Obligations or (f) under or in respect of Permitted Receivables Financings, if and to the extent that any of the foregoing Indebtedness (other than letters of credit and Hedging Obligations) would appear as a liability on a balance sheet (excluding the footnotes thereto) of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP;
(2)    to the extent not otherwise included, any obligation of such Person to be liable for, or to pay, as obligor, guarantor or otherwise, on the Indebtedness of another Person (other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business); and
(3)    to the extent not otherwise included, Indebtedness of another Person secured by a Lien on any asset owned by such Person (whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by such Person); provided, however, that the amount of such Indebtedness will be the lesser of: (a) the Fair Market Value of such asset at such date of determination, and (b) the amount of such Indebtedness of such other Person;

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provided that Contingent Obligations Incurred in the ordinary course of business shall not be deemed to constitute Indebtedness.
“Indemnified Taxes”: (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any Obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in clause (a), Other Taxes.
“Indemnitees”: Agent Indemnitees, Lender Indemnitees, Issuing Bank Indemnitees and Bank of America Indemnitees.
“Insolvency Proceeding”: any case or proceeding or proposal commenced by or against a Person under any state, provincial, federal or foreign law for, or any agreement of such Person to, (a) the entry of an order for relief under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, or any other insolvency, debtor relief, bankruptcy, receivership, debt adjustment law or other similar law (whether state, provincial, federal or foreign), including the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) and the CCAA; (b) the appointment of a Creditor Representative or other custodian for such Person or any part of (i) the ABL Collateral or (ii) any material potion of its property not constituting ABL Collateral; or (c) an assignment or trust mortgage for the benefit of creditors.
“Insurance Assignment”: each collateral assignment of insurance pursuant to which a Loan Party assigns to Agent such Loan Party’s rights under any insurance policies as Agent deems appropriate, as security for the Obligations.
“Intellectual Property”: all intellectual property rights and similar property of a Person, including inventions, designs, patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names, domain names, trade secrets, confidential or proprietary information, customer lists, know-how, software and databases, all embodiments or fixations of any of the foregoing; all related documentation; all applications and registrations thereof; and all licenses or other rights to use, or otherwise relating to, any of the foregoing; and all books and records relating to any of the foregoing.
“Intellectual Property Claim”: any claim or assertion (whether in writing, by suit or otherwise) that (i) a Loan Party’s or Restricted Subsidiary’s ownership, use, marketing, sale or distribution of any Intellectual Property or other property infringes, misappropriates, dilutes or otherwise violates another Person’s Intellectual Property or (ii) any Intellectual Property owned by a Loan Party or a Restricted Subsidiary is invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part.
“Intellectual Property Security Agreement”: collectively, the patent security agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit C to the Pledge and Security Agreement, the copyright security agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit D to the Pledge and Security Agreement and the trademark security agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit E to the Pledge and Security Agreement, in each case dated as of the Third Restatement Date, together with each intellectual property security agreement supplement executed and delivered pursuant to Section 4.8(x) of the Pledge and Security Agreement.
“Intercompany Subordination Agreement”: means an intercompany subordination agreement, in substantially the form of Exhibit L hereto, or otherwise in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent.
“Intercreditor Agreement”: means that certain Amended and Restated Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of the Third Restatement dDate hereof, among Holdings, the U.S. Borrower, the other U.S./

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European Facility Guarantors party thereto, Agent, Fixed Asset Facility Collateral Agent or an intercreditor agreement among Holdings, the U.S. Borrower, the other U.S./European Facility Guarantors party thereto, Agent, and the Fixed Asset Facility Collateral Agent in substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit J, as the same may be amended, supplemented, replaced, restated or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Interest Period”: as defined in Section 3.1.4.
“Interest Period Loan”: a LIBOR Loan or a Canadian BA Rate Loan.
“Inventory”: as defined in the UCC and the PPSA, as applicable, including all goods intended for sale, lease, display or demonstration; all work in process; and all raw materials, and other materials and supplies of any kind that are or could be used in connection with the manufacture, printing, packing, shipping, advertising, sale, lease or furnishing of such goods, or otherwise used or consumed in a Borrower’s business (but excluding equipment).
“Inventory Reserve”: reserves established by Agent in its Permitted Discretion, to reflect factors that may negatively impact the Value of Inventory, including change in salability, obsolescence, seasonality, theft, shrinkage, imbalance, change in composition or mix, markdowns and vendor chargebacks.
“Investment Grade Securities”:
(1)    securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the U.S. or Canadian government or any agency or instrumentality thereof (other than Cash Equivalents) and in each case with maturities not exceeding two years from the date of acquisition,
(2)    securities that have a rating equal to or higher than Baa3 (or the equivalent) by Moody’s or BBB (or the equivalent) by S&P, or an equivalent rating by any other nationally recognized rating agency,
(3)    investments in any fund that invests at least 95% of its assets in investments of the type described in clauses (1) and (2) which fund may also hold immaterial amounts of cash pending investment and/or distribution, and
(4)    corresponding instruments in countries other than the United States or Canada customarily utilized for high quality investments and in each case with maturities not exceeding two years from the date of acquisition.
“Investments”: with respect to any Person, all investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the form of loans (including Guarantees), advances or capital contributions (excluding accounts receivable, trade credit and advances to customers and commission, travel and similar advances to officers, employees and consultants made in the ordinary course of business), purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities issued by any other Person and investments that are required by GAAP to be classified on the balance sheet of Holdings in the same manner as the other investments included in this definition to the extent such transactions involve the transfer of cash or other property. If Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary sells or otherwise disposes of any Equity Interests of any Restricted Subsidiary, or any Restricted Subsidiary issues any Equity Interests, in either case, such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Subsidiary of Holdings shall be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or other disposition equal to the Fair Market Value of the Equity Interests of and all other Investments in such Person

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retained. In no event shall a Guarantee of an operating lease of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary be deemed an Investment. For purposes of the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary” and Section 10.2.3:
(1)    “Investments” shall include the portion (proportionate to Holdings’ equity interest in such Subsidiary) of the Fair Market Value of the net assets of a Subsidiary of Holdings at the time that such Subsidiary is designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that upon a redesignation of such Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary, Holdings shall be deemed to continue to have a permanent “Investment” in an Unrestricted Subsidiary equal to an amount (if positive) equal to:
(a)    Holdings’ “Investment” in such Subsidiary at the time of such redesignation less
(b)    the portion (proportionate to Holdings’ equity interest in such Subsidiary) of the Fair Market Value of the net assets of such Subsidiary at the time of such redesignation; and
(2)    any property transferred to or from an Unrestricted Subsidiary shall be valued at its Fair Market Value at the time of such transfer, in each case as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of Holdings.
The amount of an Investment will be determined at the time the Investment is made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value (determined, in the case of any Investment made with assets of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary, based on the Fair Market Value of the assets invested).
“Investors”: any funds or accounts managed by Silver Point Capital, L.P.
“IRS”: the United States Internal Revenue Service.
“Issuing Bank Indemnitees”: Issuing Banks and their officers, directors, employees, Affiliates, agents and attorneys.
“Issuing Banks”: U.S. Issuing Bank and Canadian Issuing Bank.
“Joint Venture”: (a) any Person which would constitute an “equity method investee” of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries, and (b) any Person in whom Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries beneficially owns any Equity Interest that is not a Subsidiary.
“Junior Indebtedness”: Indebtedness that is either (i) unsecured and expressly subordinated to the Obligations or (ii) secured solely by Collateral with a Lien having Junior Lien Priority on the Collateral relative to the Obligations. For the avoidance of doubt, Permitted Secured Debt shall not constitute Junior Indebtedness.
“Junior Lien Priority”: relative to specified Indebtedness, having a junior Lien priority on specified Collateral and either subject to the Intercreditor Agreement on a basis that is no more favorable than the provisions applicable to the holders of Permitted Secured Debt (in the case of ABL Collateral) or subject to intercreditor agreements providing holders of Indebtedness with Junior Lien Priority at least the same rights and obligations as the holders of Permitted Secured Debt (in the case of the ABL Collateral) have pursuant to the Intercreditor Agreement as to the specified Collateral.

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“Laws”: collectively, all applicable international, foreign, federal, state, provincial, territorial and local statutes, statutory instruments, acts, treaties, rules, guidelines, regulations, directives, ordinances, codes and administrative or judicial precedents or authorities, including the interpretation or administration thereof by any Governmental Authority charged with the enforcement, interpretation or administration thereof, and all applicable administrative orders, directed duties, requests, licenses, authorizations and permits of, and agreements with, any Governmental Authority.
“LC Application”: an application by Loan Party Agent on behalf of a Borrower to an Issuing Bank for issuance of a Letter of Credit, in form and substance satisfactory to such Issuing Bank.
“LC Conditions”: the following conditions necessary for the issuance of a Letter of Credit: (a) each of the conditions set forth in Section 6.2 (or with respect to Letters of Credit issued on the Third Restatement Date, in Section 6.1); (b) after giving effect to the issuance of a Letter of Credit for the account of the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, total U.S. LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of each such definition) do not exceed the U.S./European Letter of Credit Sublimit and no U.S./European Overadvance exists or would result therefrom; (c) after giving effect to the issuance of a Letter of Credit for the account of the Canadian Borrower, total Canadian LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) do not exceed the Canadian Letter of Credit Sublimit and no Canadian Overadvance exists or would result therefrom; (d) the expiration date of such Letter of Credit is (i) no more than three hundred sixty five (365) days from issuance, in the case of standby Letters of Credit; provided that such Letters of Credit may contain automatic extension provisions in accordance with Section 2.2.1(e) or Section 2.3.1(e), as applicable, (ii) no more than one hundred twenty (120) days from issuance, in the case of documentary Letters of Credit, and (iii) at least fifteen (15) Business Days prior to the Facility Termination Date; (e) with respect the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of the U.S. Borrower, the Letter of Credit and payments thereunder are denominated in Dollars, Euros or Sterling; (f) with respect the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of the European Borrower, the Letter of Credit and payments thereunder are denominated in Euros; (g) with respect to the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of the Canadian Borrower, the Letter of Credit and payments thereunder are denominated in Dollars or Canadian Dollars; (h) with respect to the issuance of a Letter of Credit for the account of the European Borrower, the applicable Specified Transaction Conditions have been satisfied, and (i) the form of the proposed Letter of Credit is reasonably satisfactory to Agent and the applicable Issuing Bank in their discretion.
“LC Documents”: all documents, instruments and agreements (including LC Requests and LC Applications) delivered by Loan Party Agent on behalf of a Borrower or by any other Person to an Issuing Bank or Agent in connection with issuance, amendment or renewal of, or payment under, any Letter of Credit.
“LC Obligations”: U.S. LC Obligations, European LC Obligations and Canadian LC Obligations.

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“LC Request”: a request for issuance of a Letter of Credit, to be provided by Loan Party Agent on behalf of a Borrower to an Issuing Bank, in form satisfactory to Agent and such Issuing Bank.
“Lead Arrangers”: Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (or any other registered broker-dealer wholly-owned by Bank of America Corporation to which all or substantially all of Bank of America Corporation’s or any of its subsidiaries’ investment banking, commercial lending services or related businesses may be transferred following the date of this Agreement), Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
“Lender Indemnitees”: Lenders and their officers, directors, employees, Affiliates, agents and attorneys (for the avoidance of doubt, such definition includes any such Person acting in its capacity as “arranger”, “bookrunner” and/or “syndication agent”).
“Lenders”: as defined in the preamble to this Agreement and shall include Agent in its capacity as a provider of Swingline Loans, U.S. Lenders and Canadian Lenders and their respective permitted successors and assigns and, where applicable, Issuing Banks, and any other Person who hereafter becomes a “Lender” pursuant to an Assignment and Acceptance or a joinder agreement entered into pursuant to Section 2.1.4.
“Lending Office”: the office (including any domestic or foreign Affiliate or branch) designated as such by the applicable Lender at the time it becomes party to this Agreement or thereafter by notice to Agent and Loan Party Agent.
“Letter of Credit”: any U.S. Letters of Credit, European Letters of Credit or Canadian Letters of Credit; and each Existing Letter of Credit shall be deemed to be a “Letter of Credit” for all purposes of this Agreement.
LIBOR: for any Interest Period, the per annum rate of interest (rounded up, if necessary, to the nearest 1/100th of 1%), determined by Agent at approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) two (2) Business Days prior to commencement of such Interest Period, for a term comparable to such Interest Period, equal to (a) the ICE Benchmark Administration LIBOR Rate (or the successor thereto if such association is no longer making such rate available) for the relevant currency, as published by Reuters (or other commercially available source designated by Agent); or (b) if the rate described in clause (a) is unavailable for any reason, the interest rate at which deposits in the relevant currency and approximate amount of the Loan would be offered by Agent’s London branch to major banks in the London interbank Eurocurrency market; provided that if LIBOR determined pursuant to the foregoing method is less than zero, then such rate shall be deemed zero for purposes of this Agreement.
“LIBOR”: the per annum rate of interest (rounded up to the nearest 1/8th of 1%) determined by Agent at or about 11:00 a.m. (London time) two Business Days prior to an interest period, for a term equivalent to such period, equal to the London interbank offered rate, or comparable or successor rate approved by Agent, as published on the applicable Reuters screen page (or other available source designated by Agent from time to time); provided, that any comparable or successor rate shall be applied by Agent, if administratively feasible, in a manner consistent with market practice; and provided further, that in no event shall LIBOR be less than one percent (1.00%).

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“LIBOR Loan”: each set of LIBOR Revolver Loans having a common length and commencement of Interest Period.
“LIBOR Revolver Loan”: a Revolver Loan that bears interest based on LIBOR; provided, however, that a U.S. Base Rate Loan bearing interest as set forth in clause (c) of the definition of U.S. Base Rate shall not constitute a LIBOR Revolver Loan.
“LIBOR Screen Rate”: as defined in Section 1.6.
“LIBOR Successor Rate”: as defined in Section 1.6.
“LIBOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes”: with respect to any proposed LIBOR Successor Rate, any conforming changes to this Agreement, including changes to Base Rate, Interest Period, timing and frequency of determining rates and payments of interest and other technical, administrative or operational matters as may be appropriate, in Agent's discretion, to reflect the adoption and implementation of such LIBOR Successor Rate and to permit its administration by Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if Agent determines that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or that no market practice for the administration of such LIBOR Successor Rate exists, in such other manner of administration as Agent determines in consultation with Borrowers). Such changes shall provide that the LIBOR Successor Rate cannot be less than one percent (1.00%) for purposes of this Agreement.
“License”: any license or agreement under which a Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is authorized to use Intellectual Property in connection with any manufacture, marketing, distribution or disposition of Collateral, any use of property or any other conduct of its business.
“Licensor”: any Person from whom a Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary obtains the right to use any Intellectual Property.
“Lien”: any Person’s interest in property securing an obligation owed to, or a claim by, such Person, whether such interest is based on common law, statute or contract, including liens, security interests, pledges, security transfers, security assignments, hypothecations, secured claims, statutory trusts, deemed trusts, reservations of title, exceptions, encroachments, easements, servitudes, rights-of-way, covenants, conditions, restrictions, leases, and other title exceptions and encumbrances affecting property, but excluding for the avoidance of doubt, any licenses granted with respect to Intellectual Property.
“List of Closing Documents”: the List of Closing Documents attached hereto as Schedule 6.1.
“Loan”: a Revolver Loan or a FILO Credit Facility Loan.
“Loan Account”: the loan account established by each Lender on its books pursuant to Section 5.7.
“Loan Documents”: this Agreement, the Other Agreements and the Security Documents.

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“Loan Parties”: the Canadian Facility Loan Parties and the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties, collectively and “Loan Party” means any of the Loan Parties, individually.
“Loan Party Agent”: as defined in Section 4.4.
“Loan Party Group”: a group consisting of (i) Canadian Facility Loan Parties or (ii) U.S./European Facility Loan Parties.
“Loan Party Group Obligations”: (i) with respect to the Canadian Borrower and the other Canadian Facility Loan Parties, the Canadian Facility Obligations, (ii) with respect to the U.S. Borrower and the other U.S. Facility Loan Parties, the U.S./European Facility Obligations and (iii) with respect to the European Borrower, the European Facility Obligations.
“Loan Year”: each twelve (12) month period commencing on the Third Restatement Date and on each anniversary of the Third Restatement Date.
“Margin Stock”: as defined in Regulation U of the FRB.
“Material Adverse Effect”: (a) a material adverse effect on the business, assets, liabilities (actual or contingent), financial condition, or results of operations of Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (b) a material adverse effect on the ability of the Loan Parties (taken as a whole) to perform their respective obligations under the Loan Documents to which Holdings or any of the Loan Parties is a party or (c) a material adverse effect on the rights and remedies of the Lenders under the Loan Documents.
“Material Contract”: any agreement or arrangement to which a Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is party (other than the Loan Documents) (a) that is deemed to be a material contract in respect of Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, under any securities law applicable to such Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary, including the Securities Act of 1933; or (b) for which breach, termination, nonperformance or failure to renew could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
“Maximum Canadian Facility Amount”: on any date of determination, the lesser of (i) the Canadian Revolver Commitments on such date and (ii) $40,000,00020,000,000 (or such greater or lesser amount after giving effect to any increases or reductions in the Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1.4); it being acknowledged and agreed that at no time can the sum of the Maximum Canadian Facility Amount plus the Maximum U.S./European Facility Amount exceed the Maximum Facility Amount in effect at such time.
“Maximum European Subline Amount”: on any date of determination, the lesser of (a) the Dollar Equivalent of $60,000,00040,000,000 and (b) an amount equal to the (i) U.S./European Borrowing Base on such date of determination minus (ii) the U.S. Revolver Exposure on such date of determination; it being acknowledged and agreed that at no time can the sum of the Maximum European Subline Amount plus the U.S. Revolver Exposure on such date of determination exceed the Maximum U.S./European Facility Amount in effect at such time.
“Maximum Facility Amount”: $210,000,000180,000,000, or such greater or lesser amount as shall then be in effect after giving effect to any increase or reduction in the Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1.4.

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“Maximum Incremental Amount”: as defined in Section 10.2.2(b)(i).
“Maximum U.S./European Facility Amount”: on any date of determination, the lesser of (i) the U.S./European Revolver Commitments on such date and (ii) $170,000,000160,000,000 (or such greater or lesser amount after giving effect to any increases or reductions in the Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1.4); it being acknowledged and agreed that at no time can the sum of the Maximum U.S./European Facility Amount plus the Maximum Canadian Facility Amount exceed the Maximum Facility Amount in effect at such time.
“Moody’s”: Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. andor any successor theretoacceptable to Agent.
“Multiemployer Plan”: any employee benefit plan definedof the type described in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA and subject to Title IV of ERISA, to which Holdings or anya Loan Party or ERISA Affiliate makes or is obligated to make contributions, or during the preceding five plan years, has made or been obligated to make contributions, but excluding, for greater certainty, any Canadian Multi-EmployerMultiemployer Plan.
“Net Proceeds”: with respect to an Asset Sale, proceeds (including, when received, any deferred or escrowed payments) received by a Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary in cash from such disposition, net of (a) reasonable and customary costs and expenses actually incurred in connection therewith, including legal fees and sales commissions; (b) amounts applied to repayment of Indebtedness secured by a Permitted Lien senior to Agent’s Liens on Collateral sold; (c) transfer or similar taxes; and (d) reserves and escrows for indemnities and any other contingent liabilities, until such reserves are no longer needed (after which, any such amounts previously held as reserves or escrows shall become Net Proceeds when received).
“New Revolving Facility”: a “New Revolving Facility” as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“New Term Facility”: a “New Term Facility” as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“New Term Loan”: a “New Term Loan” as defined in the term loan credit agreement, an indenture or another document governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof, or if entered into after the date hereof, on the date such agreement is entered into in accordance with the terms hereof.
“NOLV Percentage”: the net orderly liquidation value of Inventory, expressed as a percentage of the Value of Inventory expected to be realized at an orderly, negotiated sale held within a reasonable period of time, net of all liquidation expenses, as determined from the most recent appraisal of the Loan Parties’ Inventory performed by an appraiser and on terms reasonably satisfactory to Agent; it being acknowledged that there may be different NOLV Percentages for different segments of Inventory (e.g., raw materials, intermediate goods, finished goods).

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“Non-Public Lender”: shall mean (i) until the publication of an interpretation of “public” as referred to in the CRR by the competent authority/ies: an entity which (x) assumes rights and/or obligations vis-à-vis the European Borrower, the value of which is at least EUR 100,000 (or its equivalent in any other currency), (y) provides repayable funds for an initial amount of at least EUR 100,000 (or its equivalent in any other currency) or (z) otherwise qualifies as not forming part of the public; and (ii) as soon as the interpretation of the term "“public"” as referred to in the CRR has been published by the relevant authority/ies: an entity which is not considered to form part of the public on the basis of such interpretation.
“Notes”: each Revolver Note or other promissory note executed by a Borrower to evidence any Obligations.
“Notice of Borrowing”: a Notice of Borrowing to be provided by Loan Party Agent to request a Borrowing of Loans, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B or otherwise in form satisfactory to Agent.
“Notice of Conversion/Continuation”: a Notice of Conversion/Continuation to be provided by Loan Party Agent to request a conversion or continuation of any Loans as LIBOR Loans or Canadian BA Rate Loans, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C or otherwise in form satisfactory to Agent.
“Obligations”: all (a) principal of and premium, if any, on the Loans, (b) U.S. LC Obligations and other obligations of the U.S. Facility Loan Parties with respect to Letters of Credit issued for the account of the U.S. Borrower, (c) European LC Obligations and other obligations of the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties with respect to Letters of Credit issued for the account of the European Borrower, (d) Canadian LC Obligations and other obligations of the Canadian Facility Loan Parties with respect to Letters of Credit issued for the account of the Canadian Borrower, (e) interest, expenses, fees (including post-petition interest, expenses, and fees) and other sums payable by the Loan Parties under the Loan Documents and whether allowed in any Insolvency Proceeding, (f) obligations of the Loan Parties under any indemnity for Claims, (g) Extraordinary Expenses, (h) Secured Bank Product Obligations, (i) Indebtedness, obligations and liabilities of any kind owing by the Loan Parties with respect to any Designated Foreign Guaranty and (j) other Indebtedness, obligations and liabilities of any kind owing by the Loan Parties pursuant to the Loan Documents, whether now existing or hereafter arising, whether evidenced by a note or other writing, whether allowed in any Insolvency Proceeding, whether arising from an extension of credit, issuance of a letter of credit, acceptance, loan, guarantee, indemnification or otherwise, and whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, primary or secondary, or joint or several; provided, that Obligations of a Loan Party shall not include its Excluded Swap Obligations.
“OFAC”: Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department.
“Officer’s Certificate”: a certificate signed on behalf of Holdings by an Officer of Holdings.
“Organization Documents”: (a) with respect to any corporation, the certificate or articles of incorporation and the bylaws (or equivalent or comparable constitutive documents with respect to any non-U.S. jurisdiction); (b) with respect to any limited liability company, the certificate or articles of formation or organization and operating agreement; and (c) with respect to any partnership, joint venture, trust, unlimited liability company or other form of business entity, the partnership, joint venture or other applicable agreement of formation or organization and any agreement, memorandum of association, instrument, filing or notice with respect thereto filed in connection with its formation or organization with the applicable Governmental Authority in the jurisdiction of its formation or organization and, if applicable, any certificate or articles of formation or organization of such entity.

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“OSHA”: the Occupational Safety and Hazard Act of 1970.
“Other Agreements”: each: Note; LC Document; Agent Fee Letter; Collateral Access Agreement; the Intercreditor Agreement; the Intercompany Subordination Agreement; Borrowing Base Certificate, Compliance Certificate; or other document or agreement (other than this Agreement or a Security Document) now or hereafter delivered by or on behalf of a Loan Party or other Person to Agent or a Lender in connection with any transactions relating hereto.
“Other Connection Taxes”: with respect to any Recipient, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising from such Recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a Lien under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned an interest in any Loan or Loan Document).
“Other Pari Passu Lien Obligations”: any Indebtedness or other obligations (including Hedging Obligations) having Pari Passu Lien Priority relative to the applicable Loans with respect to the applicable Collateral and not secured by any other assets and, in the case of Indebtedness for borrowed money, having a stated maturity that is not prior to the Facility Termination Date; provided that an authorized representative of the holders of such Indebtedness shall have entered into an intercreditor agreement in a form customary for intercreditor agreements or collateral trust agreements in light of then prevailing market conditions.
“Other Taxes”: means all present or future stamp, court or documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar Taxes that arise from any payment made under, from the execution, delivery, performance, enforcement or registration of, from the receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document, except any Taxes that are Other Connection Taxes imposed with respect to an assignment (other than an assignment made pursuant to Section 12.10).
“Overadvance”: a Canadian Overadvance or U.S./European Overadvance, as the context requires.
“Overadvance Loan”: a Canadian Overadvance Loan and/or a U.S./European Overadvance Loan, as the context requires.
“Parent”: Cooper Standard Holdings, Inc.
“Parent Entity”: means the meaning specified in the definition of Permitted Parent.

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“Pari Passu Lien Priority”: means, relative to specified Indebtedness, having equal Lien priority on specified Collateral and either subject to the Intercreditor Agreement on a substantially identical basis as the holders of such specified Indebtedness or subject to intercreditor agreements providing holders of the Indebtedness intended to have Pari Passu Lien Priority with substantially the same rights and obligations that the holders of such specified Indebtedness have pursuant to the Intercreditor Agreement as to the specified Collateral.
“Participant”: as defined in Section 13.2.1.
“Participating Member State”: each state so described in any EMU Legislation.
“Patriot Act”: the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Pub. L. No. 107-56, 115 Stat. 272 (2001), as amended.
“Payment Item”: each check, draft or other item of payment payable to a Loan Party, including those constituting proceeds of any Collateral.
“PBA”: the Pensions Benefits Act (Ontario) or any other Canadian federal or provincial pension benefit standards legislation pursuant to which any Canadian Pension Plan is registered.
“PBGC”: the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.
“Pension Plan”: any “employee pension benefit plan” (as such term is defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA), other than a Multiemployer Plan, that is subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code and is sponsored or maintained by Holdings, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate or to which Holdings, any Subsidiary or any ERISA Affiliate contributes or has an obligation to contribute (or in the case of a multiple employer or other plan described in Section 4064(a) of ERISA, has made contributions at any time during the immediately preceding five plan years), and, for greater certainty, excludes any Canadian Pension Plan or any Canadian Multi-Employer Plan.
“Permitted Collateral Lien”: the Liens described in clause (1), (2), (3), (6), (13), (14), (20), (23), (28), (30), (31), (32) and (33) of the definition of Permitted Liens.
“Permitted Discretion”: a determination made in good faith and in the exercise of reasonable (from the perspective of a secured asset-based lender) business judgment, following either (x) consultation with the Loan Party Agent or (y) two (2) Business Days’ advance notice to the Borrowers.
“Permitted Holders”: means each of (i)(a)(x) the Investors and (y) members of management of Holdings (or any Parent Entity) who are holders of Equity Interests of Holdings (or any Parent Entity) on the Third Restatement Date representing not more than 10% of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of Holdings and (b) any group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or Section 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act or any successor provision) of which any of the foregoing are members; provided that in the case of such group, without giving effect to such group, Persons specified in clause (i)(a) must collectively beneficially own a greater amount of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of the Parent than the amount of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of the Parent beneficially owned by any other member of such group and (ii) any Permitted Parent.

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“Permitted Investments”:
(1)    any Investment in cash, Cash Equivalents or Investment Grade Securities;
(2)    any Investment in Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary (including guarantees of obligations of Restricted Subsidiaries), so long as, in the case of any such Investment made in a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor, Holdings shall be able to Incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to Section 10.2.2(a) after giving effect to such Investment;
(3)    any Investment by Subsidiaries of Holdings that are not Restricted Subsidiaries in other Subsidiaries of Holdings that are not Restricted Subsidiaries;
(4)    (i) any Investment by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings in a Person that is engaged in a Similar Business if as a result of such Investment (a) such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings, or (b) such Person, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into, or transfers or conveys all or substantially all of its assets to, or is liquidated into, Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings, so long as, in the case of any such acquisition of a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor or any merger, consolidation or amalgamation of any such Person into a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor, Holdings shall be able to Incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to Section 10.2.3(a) after giving effect to such Investment, and (ii) in each case, any Investment held by such Person; provided, that such Investment was not acquired by such Person in contemplation of such acquisition, merger, consolidation or transfer;
(5)    any Investment in securities or other assets not constituting cash, Cash Equivalents or Investment Grade Securities and received in connection with a disposition of assets;
(6)    any Investment (x) existing on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date and listed on Schedule 1.1(d) hereto, (y) made pursuant to binding commitments in effect on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date and (z) that replaces, modifies, refinances, refunds, renews or extends any Investment described under either of the immediately preceding clauses (x) or (y); provided that the amount of any such Investment may be increased in such replacement, modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal, reinvestment or extension only (A) as required by the terms of such Investment or binding commitment as in existence on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date (including as a result of the accrual or accretion of interest or original issue discount or the issuance of pay-in-kind securities) or (B) as otherwise permitted hereunder;
(7)    advances to, or guarantees of Indebtedness of, employees not in excess of $5,000,000 outstanding at any one time in the aggregate;
(8)    loans and advances to officers, directors, managers and employees for business-related travel expenses, moving and relocation expenses, payroll advances and other similar expenses, in each case Incurred in the ordinary course of business or consistent with past practices or to fund such Person’s purchase of Equity Interests of Holdings or any Parent Entity;

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(9)    any Investment (including debt obligations and Capital Stock) (x) acquired by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiaries (a) in exchange for any other Investment or accounts receivable held by Holdings or any such Restricted Subsidiary in connection with or as a result of a bankruptcy, workout, reorganization or recapitalization of the issuer of such other Investment or accounts receivable, including trade creditors, customers and suppliers or (b) as a result of a foreclosure by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to any secured Investment or other transfer of title with respect to any secured Investment in default and (y) received in compromise or resolution of (a) obligations of trade creditors, customers or suppliers that were incurred in the ordinary course of business of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary, including pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of any trade creditor, customer or supplier, or (b) litigation, arbitration or other disputes;
(10)    Hedging Obligations permitted under Section 10.2.13;
(11)    any Investment by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiaries in a Similar Business having an aggregate Fair Market Value, taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (11) that are at the time outstanding, not to exceed the greater of (x) $65,000,000 and (y) 2.5% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of such Investment (with the Fair Market Value of each Investment being measured at the time made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value) at any one time outstanding; provided, however, that if any Investment pursuant to this clause (11) is made in any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings at the date of the making of such Investment and such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings after such date, such Investment shall thereafter be deemed to have been made pursuant to clause (1) above and shall cease to have been made pursuant to this clause (11) for so long as such Person continues to be a Restricted Subsidiary;
(12)    Investments in Joint Ventures of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate amount, taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (12) that are at the time outstanding, not to exceed the greater of (x) $155,000,000 and (y) 6.25% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of such Investment at any one time outstanding; provided, that the Investments permitted pursuant to this clause (12) may be increased by the amount of distributions from Joint Ventures, without duplication of dividends or distributions increasing amounts available pursuant to Section 10.2.3(a)(3);
(13)    additional Investments by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiaries having an aggregate Fair Market Value, taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (13) that are at the time outstanding, not to exceed the greater of (x) $155,000,000 and (y) 6.25% of Consolidated Total Assets, at the time of such Investment (with the Fair Market Value of each Investment being measured at the time made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value), at any one time outstanding; provided, however, that if any Investment pursuant to this clause (13) is made in any Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings at the date of the making of such Investment and such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings after such date, such Investment shall thereafter be deemed to have been made pursuant to clause (2) above and shall cease to have been made pursuant to this clause (13) for so long as such Person continues to be a Restricted Subsidiary;

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(14)    Investments in Unrestricted Subsidiaries having an aggregate Fair Market Value, taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (14) that are at that time outstanding, without giving effect to the sale of an Unrestricted Subsidiary to the extent the proceeds of such sale do not consist of cash, Cash Equivalents or marketable securities, not to exceed the greater of (x) $65,000,000 and (y) 2.5% of Consolidated Total Assets, at the time of such Investment (with the Fair Market Value of each Investment being measured at the time made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value), at any one time outstanding; provided, however, that any Investment pursuant to this clause (14) made in any Person that is an Unrestricted Subsidiary of Holdings at the date of the making of such Investment and such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary after such date, such Investment shall thereafter be deemed to have been made pursuant to clause (2) above and shall cease to have been made pursuant to this clause (14) for so long as such Person continues to be a Restricted Subsidiary;
(15)    Investments the payment for which consists of Equity Interests (other than Excluded Equity) of Holdings or any Parent Entity, as applicable; provided, however, that such Equity Interests will not increase the amount available for Restricted Payments under Section 10.2.3(a)(3);
(16)    Investments consisting of the licensing or contribution of intellectual property pursuant to joint marketing arrangements with other Persons;
(17)    Investments consisting of purchases and acquisitions of inventory, supplies, materials, equipment or other similar assets or purchases of contract rights or licenses or leases of intellectual property, in each case in the ordinary course of business;
(18)    any Investment in a Receivables Subsidiary or any Investment in any other Person in connection with a Permitted Receivables Financing or any repurchases in connection therewith, including Investments of funds held in accounts permitted or required by the arrangements governing such Permitted Receivables Financing or any related Indebtedness;
(19)    Investments of a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings acquired after April 4, 2014 or of an entity merged into or consolidated with a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings in a transaction that is not prohibited by Section 10.2.7 after April 4, 2014 to the extent that such Investments were not made in contemplation of such acquisition, merger or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisition, merger or consolidation;
(20)    Guarantees of Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under Section 10.2.2 and performance Guarantees in the ordinary course of business;
(21)    [Intentionally Omitted];
(22)    any transaction to the extent it constitutes an Investment that is permitted and made in accordance with Section 10.2.15(b) (except transactions described in clauses (i), (ii), (iv), (v), (vi), (viii), (ix), (xi), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xxi) and (xxiii) thereof);
(23)    advances, loans or extensions of trade credit in the ordinary course of business by Holdings or any of the Restricted Subsidiaries;

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(24)    intercompany current liabilities owed to Unrestricted Subsidiaries or joint ventures incurred in the ordinary course of business in connection with the cash management operations of Holdings and its Subsidiaries;
(25)    Investments consisting of purchases and acquisitions of assets or services in the ordinary course of business;
(26)    Investments in the ordinary course of business consisting of Article 3 endorsements for collection or deposit and Article 4 customary trade arrangements with customers consistent with past practices;
(27)    [Reserved]; and
(28)    Any Investment; provided that (x) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would result from such Investment and (y) on a pro forma basis after giving effect to such Investment, the Consolidated Total Net Debt Ratio would be equal to or less than 3.00:1.00.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this definition, if assets acquired in any acquisition are intended to be included in the U.S./European Borrowing Base or the Canadian Borrowing Base, prior to any such inclusion, (1) Agent and the Applicable Lenders shall be provided with such information as they shall reasonably request to complete their evaluation of any such Collateral and (2) the Asset Review and Approval Conditions shall have been satisfied.
“Permitted Joint Venture”: with respect to any specified Person, a joint venture in any other Person engaged in a Similar Business in respect of which Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary beneficially owns at least 10% of the shares of Equity Interests of such Person.
“Permitted Liens”: with respect to any Person:
(1)    pledges or deposits by such Person under workers’ compensation laws, unemployment insurance laws or similar legislation, or good faith deposits in connection with bids, tenders, contracts (other than for the payment of Indebtedness) or leases to which such Person is a party, or deposits to secure public or statutory obligations of such Person or deposits of cash or U.S. government bonds to secure surety or appeal bonds to which such Person is a party, or deposits as security for contested taxes or import duties or for the payment of rent, in each case incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(2)    Liens imposed by law constituting carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, in each case for sums that are not overdue by more than 60 days or are being Properly Contested;
(3)    Liens for taxes, assessments or other governmental charges (i) which are not yet due or payable or (ii) which are being Properly Contested;
(4)    Liens in favor of issuers of performance and surety bonds or bid bonds or with respect to other regulatory requirements or letters of credit issued pursuant to the request of and for the account of such Person in the ordinary course of its business;

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(5)    minor survey exceptions, minor encumbrances, easements or reservations of, or rights of others for, licenses, rights-of-way, sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes, or zoning or other restrictions as to the use of real properties or Liens incidental to the conduct of the business of such Person or to the ownership of its properties which were not Incurred in connection with Indebtedness and which do not materially impair their use in the operation of the business of such Person;
(6)    Liens Incurred to secure obligations in respect of Indebtedness permitted to be Incurred pursuant to clause (b)(i), (iv), (xvii), (xx) or (xxxi) of Section 10.2.2; provided that,(w) in the case of clause (b)(i), such Lien is subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, (x) in the case of clause (b)(iv), such Lien extends only to the assets and/or Capital Stock, the acquisition, lease, construction, repair, replacement or improvement of which is financed thereby and any income or profits thereof; and (y) in the case of clause (b)(xx), such Lien does not extend to the property or assets (or income or profits therefrom) of any Restricted Subsidiary other than assets of a Foreign Subsidiary not constituting ABL Collateral and (z) in the case of clause (b)(xxxi), such Lien is subject to the applicable intercreditor agreement;
(7)    Liens existing on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date and listed on Schedule 10.2.1;
(8)    Liens on assets of, or Equity Interest in, a Person at the time such Person becomes a Subsidiary; provided, however, that such Liens are not created or Incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such other Person becoming such a Subsidiary; provided, further, however, that such Liens may not extend to any other assets of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings;
(9)    Liens on assets at the time Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings acquired the assets, including any acquisition by means of a merger or consolidation with or into Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings; provided, however, that such Liens are not created or Incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such acquisition; provided, further, however, that the Liens may not extend to any other assets owned by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings;
(10)    Liens securing Indebtedness or other obligations of a Restricted Subsidiary owing to Holdings or another Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings permitted to be Incurred in accordance with Section 10.2.2;
(11)    Liens securing Hedging Obligations so long as the related Indebtedness is, and is permitted to be under this Agreement, secured by a Lien on the same property securing such Hedging Obligations;
(12)    Liens on specific items of inventory or other goods and proceeds of any Person securing such Person’s obligations in respect of bankers’ acceptances issued or created for the account of such Person to facilitate the purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory or other goods;
(13)    leases and subleases of real property which do not materially interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

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(14)    Liens arising from Uniform Commercial Code financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;
(15)    Liens in favor of Holdings or any Guarantor;
(16)    Liens on accounts receivable and Receivables Assets Incurred in connection with a Permitted Receivables Financing;
(17)    deposits made in the ordinary course of business to secure liability to insurance carriers;
(18)    Liens on the Equity Interests of Unrestricted Subsidiaries;
(19)    grants of software and other technology licenses in the ordinary course of business;
(20)    judgment and attachment Liens not giving rise to an Event of Default and notices of lis pendens and associated rights related to litigation being Properly Contested;
(21)    Liens arising out of conditional sale, title retention, consignment or similar arrangements for the sale of goods entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(22)    Liens Incurred to secure Bank Products owed to a Lender or an Affiliate thereof in the ordinary course of business;
(23)    Liens to secure any refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement (or successive refinancings, refundings, extensions, renewals or replacements) as a whole, or in part, of any Indebtedness secured by any Lien referred to in the foregoing clauses (6), (7), (8), (9), (10) and (11); provided, however, that (x) such new Lien shall be limited to all or part of the same property that secured the original Lien (plus improvements on such property), and (y) the Indebtedness secured by such Lien at such time is not increased to any amount greater than the sum of (A) the outstanding principal amount or, if greater, committed amount of the Indebtedness described under clauses (6), (7), (8), (9), (10) and (11) at the time the original Lien became a Permitted Lien under this Agreement, and (B) an amount necessary to pay any fees and expenses, including premiums, related to such refinancing, refunding, extension, renewal or replacement;
(24)    Liens in respect of Junior Indebtedness of Holdings or any Guarantor, subject to the applicable intercreditor agreement; provided that the Consolidated Senior Secured Net Debt Ratio, on a pro forma basis after giving effect thereto, does not exceed 3.50 to 1.00;
(25)    other Liens on assets (other than ABL Collateral) securing obligations Incurred in the ordinary course of business that do not exceed the greater of (x) $95,000,000100,000,000 and (y) 3.75% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of Incurrence of such obligation, at any one time outstanding;
(26)    Liens on the assets of a Joint Venture to secure Indebtedness of such Joint Venture Incurred pursuant to clause (xxi) of Section 10.2.2(b);

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(27)    Liens on equipment of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings granted in the ordinary course of business to Holdings’ or such Restricted Subsidiary’s client at which such equipment is located;
(28)    Liens created solely for the benefit of (or to secure) all of the Obligations;
(29)    Liens on property or assets used to defease or to satisfy and discharge Indebtedness; provided that such defeasance or satisfaction and discharge is not prohibited hereby;
(30)    Liens in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation and exportation of goods in the ordinary course of business;
(31)    Liens (i) of a collection bank arising under Section 4-210 of the Uniform Commercial Code on items in the course of collection; (ii) attaching to commodity trading accounts or other commodity brokerage accounts incurred in the ordinary course of business; and (iii) in favor of banking institutions arising as a matter of law encumbering deposits (including the right of set-off) and which are within the general parameters customary in the banking industry;
(32)    Liens that are contractual rights of set-off (i) relating to the establishment of depository relations with banks not given in connection with the issuance of Indebtedness; (ii) relating to pooled deposit or sweep accounts of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary to permit satisfaction of overdraft or similar obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business of Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries; or (iii) relating to purchase orders and other agreements entered into with customers of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business; and
(33)    statutory Liens arising under the PBA, other than statutory liens that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
“Permitted Parent”: (a) any Person (other than a Person formed in connection with, or in contemplation of, a Change of Control transaction that results in a modification of the beneficial ownership of Holdings) that beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 100% of the issued and outstanding Voting Stock of Holdings; provided that the ultimate beneficial ownership of Holdings has not been modified by the transaction by which such Person became the beneficial owner of, directly or indirectly, 100% of the Voting Stock of the U.S. Borrower (such Person, a “Parent Entity”) and (b) the Parent (or direct Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of the Parent that owns no material assets other than the Equity Interest of Holdings) to the extent and until such time as any Person or group is deemed to be or become a beneficial owner of Voting Stock of the Parent representing 50% or more of the total voting power of the Voting Stock of the Parent.
“Permitted Receivables Financing”: any transaction or series of transactions that may be entered into by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to which it may sell, convey, contribute to capital or otherwise transfer (which sale, conveyance, contribution to capital or transfer may include or be supported by the grant of a security interest) accounts receivable or interests therein and all collateral securing such receivables, all contracts and contract rights, purchase orders, security interests, financing statements or other documentation in respect of such receivables, any guarantees, indemnities, warranties or other obligations in respect of such receivables, any other assets that are customarily transferred or in respect of which security interests are customarily granted in connection with asset securitization transactions involving receivables similar to such receivables and any collections or proceeds of any of the foregoing (collectively, the “Receivables Assets”); and including for the avoidance of doubt, receivables arising from

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the sale of equipment, tooling and related services) (i) to a trust, partnership, corporation or other Person (other than Holdings or any of its Subsidiary, other than a Subsidiary formed solely for the purpose of, and that engages only in, Permitted Receivables Financing, a “Receivables Subsidiary”), which transfer is funded in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, by the incurrence or issuance by the transferee or any successor transferee of Indebtedness, fractional undivided interests or other securities that are to receive payments from, or that represent interests in, the cash flow derived from such receivables and Receivables Assets or interests in such receivables and Receivables Assets, or (ii) directly to one or more investors or other purchasers (other than Holdings or any of its Subsidiary), it being understood that a Permitted Receivables Financing may involve (A) one or more sequential transfers or pledges of the same receivables and Receivables Assets, or interests therein (such as a sale, conveyance or other transfer to an Receivables Subsidiary followed by a pledge of the transferred receivables and Receivables Assets to secure Indebtedness incurred by the Receivables Subsidiary), and all such transfers, pledges and Indebtedness incurrences shall be part of and constitute a single Permitted Receivables Financing, and (B) periodic transfers or pledges of receivables and/or revolving transactions in which new receivables and Receivables Assets, or interests therein, are transferred or pledged upon collection of previously transferred or pledged receivables and Receivables Assets, or interests therein; provided that any such transactions shall provide for recourse to Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries (other than any Receivables Subsidiary) only in respect of the cash flows in respect of such receivables and Receivables Assets and to the extent of other customary securitization undertakings (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the appropriate Receivables Subsidiary) in the jurisdiction relevant to such transactions (such undertakings, “Standard Securitization Undertakings”); provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, (1) no portion of the Indebtedness or any other obligations (contingent or otherwise) of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries or Receivables Subsidiary is guaranteed by any Loan Party, is recourse to or obligates any Loan Party, or subjects any property or asset of any Loan Party, directly or indirectly (other than with respect to its equity ownership interest in any Subsidiary), contingently or otherwise, to the satisfaction of obligations incurred in such transactions; (2) no Loan Party has any obligation to maintain or preserve the financial condition of a Receivables Subsidiary or cause such entity to achieve certain levels of operating results, and (3) the aggregate “amount” or “principal amount” (as defined below) of all Permitted Receivables Financings (other than those of one or more Foreign Subsidiaries) shall not exceed $50,000,000 at any time outstanding. The “amount” or “principal amount” of any Permitted Receivables Financing shall be deemed at any time to be (1) the aggregate principal or stated amount of the Indebtedness, fractional undivided interests (which stated amount may be described as a “net investment” or similar term reflecting the amount invested in such undivided interest) or other securities incurred or issued pursuant to such Permitted Receivables Financing, in each case outstanding at such time, or (2) in the case of any Permitted Receivables Financing in respect of which no such Indebtedness, fractional undivided interests or securities are incurred or issued, the cash purchase price paid by the buyer in connection with its purchase of receivables less the amount of collections received in respect of such receivables and paid to such buyer, excluding any amounts applied to purchase fees or discount or in the nature of interest.

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“Permitted Secured Debt”: the Indebtedness and other obligations under any Fixed Asset Facility.
“Permitted Secured Debt Collateral Agent”: (i) with respect to the Fixed Asset Facility, the Fixed Asset Facility Collateral Agent and (ii) with respect to any other Permitted Secured Debt, any collateral agent, collateral trustee, or similar representative of holders of Permitted Secured Debt under and pursuant to the applicable Permitted Secured Debt Document.
“Permitted Secured Debt Documents”: all agreements and documents entered into and evidencing Permitted Secured Debt.
“Person”: any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, unlimited liability company, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity.
“Plan”: any material “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA), and any material payroll practice and other material employee benefit plan, policy, program, agreement or arrangement, including retirement, pension, profit sharing, employment, individual consulting or other compensation agreement, collective bargaining agreement, bonus or other incentive compensation, retention, stock purchase, equity or equity-based compensation, deferred compensation, change of control, severance, sick leave, vacation, loans, salary continuation, hospitalization, health, life insurance, educational assistance, or other fringe benefit or perquisite plan, policy, agreement which is or was sponsored, maintained or contributed to by, or required to be contributed to by, any Loan Party or Affiliate thereof or with respect to which a Loan Party or ERISA Affiliate has or could have any obligation or liability, contingent or otherwise, in any case, that is subject to U.S. law (and not other foreign jurisdictions) and excluding, for greater certainty, Canadian Pension Plans and Foreign Plans.
“Platform”: as defined in Section 14.3.3.
“Pledge and Security Agreement”: collectively, Revolving Credit Facility Pledge and Security Agreement dated as of the Third Restatement Date and executed by Holdings, the U.S. Borrower and each U.S./European Facility Guarantor, substantially in the form of Exhibit K, together with any security agreement and security agreement supplement executed and delivered pursuant to the Pledge and Security Agreement.
“Pledge and Security Agreement Collateral”: collectively, all property pledged or granted (or purported to be pledged or granted) as collateral pursuant to the Pledge and Security Agreement (a) on the Third Restatement Date or (b) thereafter pursuant to the terms thereof.
“Pledge Supplement”: has the meaning specified in the Pledge and Security Agreement.
“Pledged Debt”: has the meaning specified in the Pledge and Security Agreement.
“Pledged Equity Interests”: has the meaning specified in the Pledge and Security Agreement.

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“PPSA”: the Personal Property Security Act (Ontario) and the regulations thereunder; provided, however, if validity, perfection and effect of perfection and non-perfection of Agent’s security interest in and Lien on any Collateral of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party are governed by the personal property security laws of any jurisdiction other than Ontario, PPSA shall mean those personal property security laws (including the Civil Code of Quebec) in such other jurisdiction for the purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such validity, perfection, and effect of perfection and non-perfection and for the definitions related to such provisions, as from time to time in effect.
“Preferred Stock”: any Equity Interest with preferential right of payment of dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up.
“Pro Forma Basis”: in connection with any calculation of compliance with any financial covenant or financial term under this Agreement, (a) such compliance with the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio shall be calculated giving effect to any acquisition, investment or other pro forma event as if such transaction (and all other such transactions consummated or made since the first (1st) day of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio Test Period most recently ended) happened on the first (1st) day of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio Test Period most recently ended, including (i) the incurrence of any Indebtedness by any Loan Party or any of their Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with any such transaction, (ii) any repayment or redemption of other Indebtedness of any Loan Party or any of their Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with any such transaction and (iii) the making of any Distribution by any Loan Party or any of their Restricted Subsidiaries in connection with any such transaction, (b) determinations of EBITDA shall be made giving pro forma effect to any acquisition consummated since the first (1st) day of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio Test Period most recently ended, with such EBITDA to be determined as if such acquisition was consummated on the first (1st) day of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio Test Period most recently ended, and (c) maintenance of Availability shall be calculated giving effect to such transaction, including (i) any disposition of Collateral in any such transaction and (ii) the acquisition of any additional Collateral in any such transaction which is approved by Agent for inclusion in the calculation of the Canadian Borrowing Base or the U.S./European Borrowing Base, to the extent applicable. In calculating interest expense on Indebtedness incurred under clause (a) (i) of the immediately preceding sentence, such Indebtedness shall be deemed to have borne interest (a) in the case of fixed rate Indebtedness, at the rate applicable thereto or (b) in the case of floating rate Indebtedness, at the rates which were or would have been applicable thereto during the period when such Indebtedness was or was deemed to be outstanding, in each case as reasonably calculated by Loan Party Agent.
“Pro Rata”: (a) when used with reference to a Lender’s (i) share on any date of (A) the total Facility Commitments to a Borrower or (B) Loans to be made to a Borrower, (ii) participating interests in LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) to such Borrower, (iii) share of payments made by such Borrower with respect to such Borrower’s Obligations, (iv) increases or reductions to the Canadian Revolver Commitments or the U.S./European Revolver Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1.4, and (v) obligation to pay or reimburse Agent for Extraordinary Expenses owed by or in respect of such Borrower or to indemnify any Indemnitees for Claims relating to such Borrower, a percentage (expressed as a decimal, rounded to the ninth decimal place) derived by dividing the amount of the Facility Commitment of such Lender to such Borrower on such date by the aggregate amount of the Facility Commitments of all Lenders to such Borrower on such date (or if such Facility Commitments have been terminated, by reference to the respective Facility Commitments as in effect immediately prior to the termination thereof) or (b) when used for any other reason, a percentage (expressed as a decimal, rounded to the ninth (9th) decimal place) derived by dividing the aggregate amount of Lender’s Commitments on such date by the aggregate amount of the Commitments of all Lenders on such date (or if any such

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Commitments have been terminated, such Commitments as in effect immediately prior to the termination thereof).
“Proceeds of Crime Act”: the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (Canada) (or any successor statute), as amended from time to time, and includes all regulations thereunder.
“Production Part Approval Process”: all customer engineering design record and specification requirements that have been agreed between the applicable Borrower and customer related to the subject tooling design and/or manufacture.
“Properly Contested”: with respect to any obligation of any Person, (a) the obligation is subject to a bona fide dispute regarding amount or such Person’s liability to pay; (b) the obligation is being properly contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly instituted and diligently pursued; (c) appropriate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP; and (d) if the obligation results from entry of a judgment or other order, such judgment or order is stayed pending appeal or other judicial review or covered by insurance.
“Protective Advances”: as defined in Section 2.1.6.
“PTE”: a prohibited transaction class exemption issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, as amended from time to time.
“Qualified ECP”: a Loan Party with total assets exceeding $10,000,000, or that constitutes an “eligible contract participant” under the Commodity Exchange Act and can cause another Person to qualify as an “eligible contract participant” under Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of such act.
“RCRA”: the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended, (42 U.S.C. §§ 6991-6991i).
“RDPRM”: Quebec Register of Personal and Movable Real Rights or Registre des droits personnels et reels mobiliers du Quebec.
“Reaffirmed Agreement or Reaffirmed Agreements”: each Loan Document executed in connection with the Existing CreditLoan Agreement that has not been amended and restated in connection with this Agreement.
“Real Estate”: all right, title and interest (whether as owner, lessor or lessee) in any real property or any buildings, structures, parking areas or other improvements thereon.
“Reallocation Agreement”: the Second Amended and Restated Reallocation Agreement dated as the Third Restatement dDate hereof, among Agent, the Lenders and each Issuing Bank transferring ownership of debt among the Lenders after a Designation Date, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.

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“Receivables Assets”: has the meaning set forth in the definition of “Permitted Receivables Financing”.
“Receivables Fees”: distributions or payments made directly or by means of discounts with respect to any participation interest issued or sold in connection with, and other fees paid to a Person that is not a Restricted Subsidiary in connection with, any Receivables Financing.
“Receivables Subsidiary”: has the meaning set forth in the definition of “Permitted Receivables Financing”.
“Recipient”: means (a) Agent, (b) any Lender, (c) any Issuing Bank and (d) any other recipient of any payment made by or on account of any Loan Party under any Loan Document.
“Refinance”: in respect of any Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock, to refinance, extend, renew, refund, repay, prepay, purchase, redeem, defease or retire, or to issue other Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock in exchange or replacement for, such Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock, in whole or in part. “Refinanced” and “Refinancing” shall have correlative meanings.
“Regulation S-X”: Regulation S-X under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“Release”: any release, spill, emission, leaking, pumping, pouring, injection, escaping, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, dumping, leaching or migration of any Hazardous Material (including the abandonment or disposal of any barrels, containers or other closed receptacles containing any Hazardous Material) into, onto, under, from or through the Environment or into, onto, under, from or through any building or structure subject to human occupation.
“Relevant Governmental Body”: the Federal Reserve Board and/or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Federal Reserve Board and/or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for the purpose of recommending a benchmark rate to replace LIBOR in loan agreements similar to this Agreement.
“Report”: as defined in Section 12.2.3.
“Reportable Event”: any of the events set forth in Section 4043(c) of ERISA, other than events for which the 30-day notice period has been waived.
“Required Facility Lenders”: at any date of determination thereof, Lenders having Facility Commitments to a Borrower representing more than 50% of the aggregate Facility Commitments to such Borrower at such time; provided, however, that if and for so long as any such Lender shall be a Defaulting Lender, the term “Required Facility Lenders” shall mean Lenders (excluding each Defaulting Lender) having Facility Commitments to such Borrower representing more than 50% of the aggregate Facility Commitments to such Borrower (excluding the Facility Commitments of each Defaulting Lender) at such time; provided further, however, that if all of the Facility Commitments to such Borrower have been terminated, the term “Required Facility Lenders” shall mean Lenders to such Borrower holding Revolver Loans to, and participating interest in LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) owing by, such Borrower representing more than 50% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Revolver Loans and LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) owing by such Borrower at such time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for purposes of this definition, any

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Fronting Exposure related to a Defaulting Lender shall be deemed held as a Loan or LC Commitment by the Lender that funded or issued the applicable Loan or Letter of Credit.
“Required Lenders”: at any date of determination thereof, Lenders having Facility Commitments representing more than 50% of the aggregate Facility Commitments at such time; provided, however, that for so long as any Lender shall be a Defaulting Lender, the term “Required Lenders” shall mean Lenders (excluding such Defaulting Lender) having Commitments representing more than 50% of the aggregate Commitments (excluding the Commitments of each Defaulting Lender) at such time; provided further, however, that if any of the Facility Commitments have been terminated, the term “Required Lenders” shall be calculated using (x) in lieu of such Lender’s terminated Facility Commitment, the outstanding principal amount of the Revolver Loans by such Lender to, and participation interests in LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) owing by, such Borrower and (y) in lieu of the aggregate Commitments under such terminated Facility Commitment, the aggregate outstanding Revolver Loans to, and LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) owing by such Borrower. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for purposes of this definition, any Fronting Exposure related to a Defaulting Lender shall be deemed held as a Loan or LC Commitment by the Lender that funded or issued the applicable Loan or Letter of Credit.
Reserve Percentage: the reserve percentage (expressed as a decimal, rounded up to the nearest 1/100th of 1%) applicable to member banks under regulations issued by the FRB for determining the maximum reserve requirement for Eurocurrency liabilities.
“Resolution Authority”: an EEA Resolution Authority or, with respect to any UK Financial Institution, a UK Resolution Authority.
“Responsible Officer”: the chief executive officer, president, any vice president, chief financial officer, treasurer or assistant treasurer, secretary or assistant secretary or other similar officer of a Loan Party (or, in each case, with respect to the European Borrower, any similarly designated officer or director under local practice). Any document delivered hereunder that is signed by a Responsible Officer of a Loan Party shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership and/or other action on the part of such Loan Party and such Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have acted on behalf of such Loan Party.
“Restricted Investment”: an Investment other than a Permitted Investment.
“Restricted Subsidiary”: any Subsidiary of a Person other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary of such Person. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to Restricted Subsidiaries shall mean Restricted Subsidiaries of Holdings.
“Restrictive Agreement”: an agreement that conditions or restricts the right of any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary to grant Liens on any assets securing the Obligations or to declare or make dividends or similar distributions.
“Revolver Loan”: a loan made pursuant to Section 2.1, and any Swingline Loan, Overadvance Loan or Protective Advance.

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“Revolver Notes”: collectively, the U.S. Revolver Notes, the European Revolver Notes and the Canadian Revolver Notes.
“Royalties”: all royalties, fees, expense reimbursement and other amounts payable by a Loan Party or a Restricted Subsidiary under a License.
“S&P”: Standard & Poor’'s Financial Services LLC, anda subsidiary of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., or any successor theretoacceptable to Agent.
“Sanction”: any country-wide international economic sanction administered or enforced by the United States Government (including OFAC), the Canadian Federal Government, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury or other relevant sanctions authority.
“Scheduled Unavailability Date”: as defined in Section 1.6.
“SEC”: the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of its principal functions.
“Secured Bank Product Obligations”: Indebtedness, obligations and other liabilities with respect to Bank Products owing by a Borrower or Affiliate of a Borrower to a Secured Bank Product Provider; provided, that Secured Bank Product Obligations of a Loan Party shall not include its Excluded Swap Obligations.
“Secured Bank Product Provider”: (a) Bank of America or any of its Affiliates; and (b) any other Lender or Affiliate of a Lender that is providing a Bank Product.
“Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt”: Incremental Equivalent Debt that is secured.
“Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Collateral Agent”: any collateral agent, collateral trustee, or similar representative of holders of Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt under and pursuant to the applicable Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Document.
“Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Documents”: any agreements and documents entered into and evidencing Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt.
“Secured Parties”: Canadian Facility Secured Parties and/or U.S./European Facility Secured Parties, as the context requires.
“Security Documents”: this Agreement, the Pledge and Security Agreement, the Guarantees, Insurance Assignments, Canadian Security Agreements, Deposit Account Control Agreements, the Intellectual Property Security Agreements, the Pledge Supplements, security agreements, pledge agreements or other similar agreements delivered to Agent pursuant to the Pledge and Security Agreement and all other documents, instruments and agreements now or hereafter securing (or given with the intent to secure) any Obligations.
“Senior Unsecured Notes”: the U.S. Borrower’sCooper-Standard Auto’s 5.625% Senior Notes due 2026 in the initial principal amount of $400,000,000.

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“Senior Unsecured Notes Issuance”: the issuance by the U.S. Borrower of the Senior Unsecured Notes.
“Settlement Report”: a report delivered by Agent to the Applicable Lenders summarizing the Loans and, if applicable, participations in U.S. LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) of the U.S. Borrower, European LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) of the European Borrower and Canadian LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) of the Canadian Borrower outstanding as of a given settlement date, allocated to the Applicable Lenders on a Pro Rata basis in accordance with their Commitments.
“Similar Business”: any business engaged in by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiaries on April 4, 2014 and any business or other activities that are reasonably similar, ancillary, complementary or related to, or a reasonable extension, development or expansion of, the businesses in which Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries are engaged on April 4, 2014.
“SOFR”: with respect to any day, the secured overnight financing rate published for such day by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, as the administrator of the benchmark (or a successor administrator) on the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s website (or any successor source) and, in each case, that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body.
“SOFR-Based Rate”: SOFR or Term SOFR.
“Solvent”: as to any Person, such Person (a) owns property whose fair salable value is greater than the amount required to pay all of its debts (including contingent, subordinated, unmatured and unliquidated liabilities); (b) owns property whose present fair salable value (as defined below) is greater than the probable total liabilities (including contingent, subordinated, unmatured and unliquidated liabilities) of such Person as they become absolute and matured; (c) is able to pay all of its debts as they mature; (d) has capital that is not unreasonably small for the business in which it is engaged or about to engage; (e) is not “insolvent” within the meaning of Section 101(32) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code; (f) has not incurred (by way of assumption or otherwise) any obligations or liabilities (contingent or otherwise) or made any conveyance in connection therewith, with actual intent to hinder, delay or defraud either present or future creditors of such Person or any of its Affiliates; and (g) as to any Person incorporated or organized under the laws of Canada or any province or territory of Canada, is not an “insolvent person” as defined in the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada). “Fair salable value” means the amount that could be obtained for assets within a reasonable time, either through collection or through sale under ordinary selling conditions by a capable and diligent seller to an interested buyer who is willing (but under no compulsion) to purchase.
“Specified Loan Party”: a Loan Party that is not then an “eligible contract participant” under the Commodity Exchange Act (determined prior to giving effect to Section 5.10).
“Specified Transaction”: any of the following: (a) any Revolver Loan made to the European Borrower pursuant to Section 2.1, (b) any Letter of Credit issued for the account of the European Borrower pursuant to Section 2.2, or (c) any Restricted Payment described in Section 10.2.3(a)(i), (a)(ii), (b)(vi) or (b)(x).

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“Specified Transaction Conditions”: with respect to the permissibility hereunder of any Specified Transaction, the satisfaction of the following conditions (except as indicated): (a) no Default or Event of Default exists at the time of or would result from the making of such Specified Transaction, (b) immediately after giving effect to such Specified Transaction, HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries shall, on a consolidated basis, have a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of not less than 1.00:1.00 as calculated on a Pro Forma Basis for the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio Test Period then most recently ended and (c) immediately after giving effect to such Specified Transaction, Availability (on the date of such action or proposed action) and, if an Average Availability Test Trigger exists at the time of such Specified Transaction, Average Period Availability (for the 30-day period ending on the date of such action or proposed action) as calculated on a Pro Forma Basis, shall not be less than the greater of (i) $27,000,000 and (ii) 15% of the Commitments at such time; provided, further, that such Specified Transaction shall be permitted irrespective of clause (b) of this definition so long as Availability (on the date of such action or proposed action) and, if an Average Availability Test Trigger exists at the time of such Specified Transaction, Average Period Availability (for the 30-day period ending on the date of such action or proposed action) as calculated on a Pro Forma Basis, shall not be less than the greater of (i) $36,000,000 and (ii) 20% of the Commitments at such time.
“Standard Securitization Undertakings”: has the meaning set forth in the definition of “Permitted Receivables Financing”.
“Stated Maturity”: with respect to any installment of interest or principal on any series of Indebtedness, the date on which such payment of interest or principal was scheduled to be paid in the documentation governing such Indebtedness, and shall not include any contingent obligations to repay, redeem or repurchase any such interest or principal prior to the date originally scheduled for the payment thereof.
“Sterling” or “£”: the lawful currency of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
“Superintendent”: as defined in the PBA.
“Subsidiary”: any entity more than 50% of whose voting securities or Equity Interests is owned by any Loan Party or any combination of the Loan Parties (including indirect ownership by any Loan Party through other entities in which any Loan Party directly or indirectly owns 50% of the voting securities or Equity Interests). Unless the context otherwise requires, each reference to Subsidiaries herein shall be a reference to Subsidiaries of Holdings.
“Supermajority Required Facility Lenders”: at any date of determination thereof, Lenders having Facility Commitments to a Borrower representing more than 66 2/3% of the aggregate Facility Commitments to such Borrower at such time; provided, however, that if and for so long as any such Lender shall be a Defaulting Lender, the term “Supermajority Required Facility Lenders” shall mean Lenders (excluding each Defaulting Lender) having Facility Commitments to such Borrower representing more than 66 2/3% of the aggregate Facility Commitments to such Borrower (excluding the Facility Commitments of each Defaulting Lender) at such time; provided further, however, that if all of the Facility Commitments to such Borrower have been terminated, the term “Supermajority Required Facility Lenders” shall mean Lenders to such Borrower holding Revolver Loans to, and participating interest in LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) owing by, such Borrower representing at least 66 2/3% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Revolver Loans and LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) owing by such Borrower at such time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for purposes of this definition, any Fronting Exposure related to a Defaulting

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Lender shall be deemed held as a Loan or LC Commitment by the Lender that funded or issued the applicable Loan or Letter of Credit.
“Swap Obligations”: with respect to any Loan party, its obligations under a Hedging Agreement that constitutes a “swap” within the meaning of Section 1a(47) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
“Swingline Loan”: a U.S. Swingline Loan or a Canadian Swingline Loan, as applicable.
“TARGET Day”: any day on which the Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer (TARGET) payment system (or, if such payment system ceases to be operative, such other payment system (if any) determined by Agent to be a suitable replacement) is open for the settlement of payments in Euros.
“Taxes”: all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.
Term B-1 Loans: the “Term B-1 Loans” as defined in the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof.
Term Loans: the “Term Loans” as defined in the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof.
Term Loan EBITDA: the “EBITDA” as defined in the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof.
Term Loan Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio: the “Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” as defined in the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof.
Term Loan Pro Forma Basis: with respect to the incurrence of any applicable Indebtedness under this Agreement, the incurrence of such Indebtedness on a “pro forma basis” as described in Section 7.03(a) of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility incurred on the date hereof as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof.
“Termination Event”: (a) the wind up, or the filing of a notice of intended wind up with the Superintendent, of a Canadian Pension Plan by a Canadian Facility Loan Party; (b) the wind up of a Canadian Pension Plan by the Superintendent, FSCO or other Governmental Authority; or (c) the institution of proceedings by any Governmental Authority to terminate in whole or in part or have a trustee or an administrator appointed to administer a Canadian Pension Plan.

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“Term SOFR”: the forward-looking term rate for any period that is approximately (as determined by the Agent) as long as any of the Interest Period options set forth in the definition of “Interest Period” and that is based on SOFR and that has been selected or recommended by the Relevant Governmental Body, in each case as published on an information service as selected by the Agent from time to time in its reasonable discretion.
“Third Restatement Date”: November 2, 2016.
“Tooling A/R”: as defined in Section 12.2.1(e).
“Tooling A/R Removal Notice”: as defined in Section 12.2.1(e).
“Total Revolver Exposure”: as of any date of determination the sum of the Canadian Revolver Exposure, the European Revolver Exposure and the U.S. Revolver Exposure on such date of determination.
“Transactions”: collectively, (a) the entering into by the Loan Parties of the Loan Documents to which they are or are intended to be a party, and the borrowings hereunder and thereunder on the Third Restatement Date and application of the proceeds as contemplated hereby and thereby, (b) the closing of the Fixed Asset Facility and the issuance of the Term B-1 Loans thereunder (c) the Senior Unsecured Notes Issuance and (d) the payment of the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the consummation of the foregoing that are required to be paid on or around the Third Restatement Date.
“Transferee”: any actual or potential Eligible Assignee, Participant or other Person acquiring an interest in any Obligations.
“Type”: any type of a Loan (i.e., U.S. Base Rate Loan, LIBOR Loan, Canadian BA Rate Loan, Canadian Base Rate Loan, or Canadian Prime Rate Loan).
“UK Financial Institution”: any BRRD Undertaking (as such term is defined under the PRA Rulebook (as amended form time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Prudential Regulation Authority) or any person subject to IFPRU 11.6 of the FCA Handbook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which includes certain credit institutions and investment firms, and certain affiliates of such credit institutions or investment firms.
“UK Resolution Authority”: means the Bank of England or any other public administrative authority having responsibility for the resolution of any UK Financial Institution.
“Unfunded Pension Liability”: means the excess of the present value of a Pension Plan’s benefit liabilities under Section 4001(a)(16) of ERISA or a Canadian Pension Plan’s benefit liability under the PBA (or other equivalent pension legislation), over the current value of the assets of that Pension Plan or Canadian Pension Plan, as applicable, determined in accordance with the assumptions used for funding the Pension Plan pursuant to Section 412 of the Code or the Canadian Pension Plan pursuant to the PBA (or other equivalent pension legislation) for the applicable plan year and an ‘Unfunded Pension Liability’ also includes any unfunded going concern deficit or solvency deficiency as identified in the valuations prepared in respect of a Pension Plan or Canadian Pension Plan, as applicable.

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“Uniform Commercial Code” or “UCC”: the Uniform Commercial Code as the same may from time to time be in effect in the State of New York or the Uniform Commercial Code (or similar code or statute) of another jurisdiction, to the extent it may be required to apply to any item or items of Collateral.
“Unrestricted Subsidiary”: (a) any Subsidiary of Holdings that at the time of determination shall be designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary by the Board of Directors of such Person in the manner provided below; and (b) any Subsidiary of an Unrestricted Subsidiary. The Board of Directors of Holdings may designate any Subsidiary of Holdings (including any newly acquired or newly formed Subsidiary of Holdings but excluding Holdings and any Borrower) to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary unless such Subsidiary or any of its Subsidiaries owns any Equity Interests or Indebtedness of, or owns or holds any Lien on any property of, Holdings or any other Subsidiary of Holdings that is not a Subsidiary of the Subsidiary to be so designated; provided that the Subsidiary to be so designated and its Subsidiaries do not at the time of designation have and do not thereafter Incur any Indebtedness pursuant to which the lender has recourse to any of the assets of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; provided further that either:
(i)    the Subsidiary to be so designated has total consolidated assets of $1,000 or less; or
(ii)    if such Subsidiary has consolidated assets greater than $1,000, then such designation would be permitted under Section 10.2.3(a)(iv).
The Board of Directors of Holdings may designate any Unrestricted Subsidiary to be a Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that immediately after giving effect to such designation:
(x)
(1) Holdings could Incur $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to Section 10.2.2, or
(2)    the Term LoanFixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis would be equal to or greater than the Term LoanFixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis immediately prior to such designation, and
(y)
no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.
Any such designation by the Board of Directors of Holdings shall be evidenced to Agent by promptly delivering to Agent a copy of the resolution of the Board of Directors of Holdings giving effect to such designation and an Officer’s Certificate certifying that such designation complied with the foregoing provisions.
“U.S. Availability”: as of any date of determination, the U.S./European Borrowing Base as of such date of determination plus solely for purposes of calculating “Availability” in connection with the satisfaction of any Specified Transaction Conditions (other than in connection with the making of any Revolver Loan to the European Borrower pursuant to Section 2.1 or the issuance of any Letter of Credit for the account of the European Borrower pursuant to Section 2.2), the U.S./European Suppressed Amount on such date of determination plus the U.S. Designated Cash Amount on such date of determination minus the U.S. Revolver Exposure (calculated without duplication of any amounts reserved under the U.S./European LC Reserve) on such date of determination.

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“U.S. Bank Product Reserve”: the aggregate amount of reserves, as established by Agent from time to time in its Permitted Discretion to reflect the reasonably anticipated liabilities in respect of the then outstanding Secured Bank Product Obligations of the U.S. Facility Loan Parties and their Restricted Subsidiaries (or any other Affiliate thereof requested by the U.S. Borrower and approved by Agent).
“U.S. Bankruptcy Code”: Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C. §§101-1532, as amended.
“U.S. Base Rate”: for any day, a per annum rate equal to the greater of (a) the U.S. Prime Rate for such day; (b) the Federal Funds Rate for such day, plus 0.50%; or (c) LIBOR for a thirty (30) day interest period as of such day, plus 1.0%; provided that if the U.S. Base Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed zero for purposes of this Agreement.
“U.S. Base Rate Loan”: any Loan that bears interest based on the U.S. Base Rate.
“U.S. Borrower”: as defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
“U.S. Collateral”: all of the Collateral other than the Foreign Collateral.
“U.S. Cash Collateral Account”: a demand deposit, money market or other account established by Agent at Bank of America or such other financial institution as Agent may select in its discretion, which account shall be for the benefit of the Secured Parties and shall be subject to Agent’s Liens securing the Obligations.
“U.S. Designated Cash Amount”: the aggregate amount of cash of the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties deposited in segregated DACA Deposit Accounts with Agent (excluding any portion thereof which is subject to a Lien in favor of a Person other than Agent or is otherwise restricted).
“U.S. Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve”: the aggregate amount of reserves established by Agent from time to time in its Permitted Discretion in respect of any Designated Foreign Guaranty established in favor of a U.S. Lender and/or an Affiliate of a U.S. Lender.
“U.S. Domiciled Loan Party”: Holdings and each U.S. Subsidiary of Holdings (other than the Excluded Subsidiaries), in each case, now or hereafter party hereto as a Loan Party; and “U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties” means all such Persons, collectively.
“U.S. Dominion Account”: a special account established by the U.S. Facility Loan Parties at Bank of America or another bank reasonably acceptable to Agent, over which Agent has exclusive control for withdrawal purposes.
“U.S./European Auto-Extension Letter of Credit”: as defined in Section 2.2.1(e).

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“U.S./European Availability Reserve”: the sum (without duplication) of (a) the Inventory Reserve with respect to the U.S. Borrower’s Inventory; (b) the U.S./European Rent and Charges Reserve; (c) the U.S./European LC Reserve; (d) the U.S. Bank Product Reserve; (e) the aggregate amount of liabilities secured by Liens upon the U.S./European Facility Collateral that are senior to Agent’s Liens (but imposition of any such reserve shall not waive an Event of Default arising therefrom); (f) the Canadian Overadvance Loan Balance, if any, outstanding on such date; (g) the U.S. Designated Foreign Guaranty Reserve; (h) the European Bank Product Reserve; (i) the U.S./European Tooling Vendor Reserve and (j) such additional reserves (including, without limitation, dilution reserves), in such amounts and with respect to such matters, as Agent in its Permitted Discretion may establish.
“U.S./European Borrowing Base”: on any date of determination, an amount equal to the lesser of (a) the Maximum U.S./European Facility Amount minus (x) the Canadian Overadvance Loan Balance, if any, outstanding on such date minus (y) the U.S./European LC Reserve minus (z) the European Revolver Exposure (calculated without duplication of any amounts reserved under the U.S./European LC Reserve) on such date of determination; and (b) (1) the sum of (x) 85% of the Value of Eligible Accounts of the U.S. Borrower; plus (y) the lesser of (i) 70% of the Value of Eligible Inventory of the U.S. Borrower; and (ii) 85% of the NOLV Percentage of the Value of Eligible Inventory of the U.S. Borrower ; plus (z) 7585% of the Value of Eligible Tooling Accounts of the U.S. Borrower, minus (2) the U.S./European Availability Reserve. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event may the maximum amount of availability under the U.S. Borrowing Base and the Canadian Borrowing Base resulting from the inclusion of Eligible Tooling Accounts exceed $30,000,000 in the aggregate.
“U.S./European Facility Collateral”: Collateral that now or hereafter secures (or is intended to secure) any of the U.S./European Facility Obligations.
“U.S./European Facility Guarantee”: each guarantee agreement (including this Agreement) at any time executed by a U.S./European Facility Guarantor in favor of Agent guaranteeing all or any portion of the U.S./European Facility Obligations.
“U.S./European Facility Guarantor”: each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party and each other Person (if any) who guarantees payment and performance of any U.S./European Facility Obligations.
“U.S./European Facility Loan Party”: the U.S. Borrower, the European Borrower and each U.S./European Facility Guarantor.
“U.S./European Facility Obligations”: (without duplication) the U.S. Facility Obligations and the European Facility Obligations.
“U.S./European Facility Secured Parties”: Agent, U.S. Issuing Bank, U.S. Lenders and Secured Bank Product Providers of Bank Products to U.S./European Facility Loan Parties and the Lead Arrangers.
“U.S./European LC Obligations”: the aggregate amount of all U.S. LC Obligations and European LC Obligations.

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“U.S./European LC Reserve”: the aggregate of all U.S./European LC Obligations, other than (a) those that have been Cash Collateralized; and (b) if no Default or Event of Default exists, amounts specified in clause (c) of the definition of U.S. LC Obligations and European LC Obligations.
“U.S./European Letter of Credit Sublimit”: $99,000,000.
“U.S./European Letters of Credit”: the U.S. Letters of Credit and/or the European Letters of Credit, as applicable.
“U.S./European Non-Extension Notice Date”: as defined in Section 2.2.1(e).
“U.S./European Overadvance”: as defined in Section 2.1.5 hereof.
“U.S./European Overadvance Loan”: a U.S. Base Rate Loan made to the U.S. Borrower when a U.S./European Overadvance exists or is caused by the funding thereof.
“U.S./European Reimbursement Date”: as defined in Section 2.2.2(a).
“U.S./European Rent and Charges Reserve”: the aggregate of (a) all past due rent and other past due amounts owing by any U.S. Facility Loan Party to any landlord, warehouseman, processor, repairman, mechanic, shipper, freight forwarder, broker or other Person who possesses any U.S./European Facility Collateral or could assert a Lien on any such U.S./European Facility Collateral; plus (b) a reserve at least equal to three (3) months (or such shorter period as Agent determines in its Permitted Discretion as it will take to liquidate the ABL Collateral at such location) rent and other charges that could reasonably be expected to be payable to any such Person who possesses any U.S./European Facility Collateral or could reasonably be expected to assert a Lien thereon under applicable Law, unless, in any such case, such Person has executed a Collateral Access Agreement.
“U.S./European Revolver Commitment”: for any U.S. Lender, its obligation to make U.S./European Revolver Loans and to issue U.S./European Letters of Credit, in the case of U.S. Issuing Bank, or participate in U.S./European LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition), in the case of the other U.S. Lenders, to the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower up to the maximum principal amount, in each case, shown on Schedule 1.1(a), or as hereafter determined pursuant to each Assignment and Acceptance to which it is a party, as such U.S./European Revolver Commitment may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.1.4, or 11.2. “U.S./European Revolver Commitments” means the aggregate amount of such commitments of all U.S. Lenders.
“U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date”: the earliest of (a) the Facility Termination Date, (b) the date on which Loan Party Agent terminates or reduces to zero (0) the U.S./European Revolver Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1.4, and (c) the date on which the U.S./European Revolver Commitments are terminated pursuant to Section 11.2.
“U.S./European Revolver Loan”: a U.S. Revolver Loan or a European Revolver Loan, as applicable.

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“U.S./European Suppressed Amount”: to the extent that the amount calculated pursuant to clause (b) of the U.S./European Borrowing Base definition exceeds the then-current U.S./European Revolver Commitment as of any date of determination, the amount of any such excess designated in writing by Loan Party Agent to Agent as “U.S./European Suppressed Amount” under this Agreement; provided, that in no event shall the U.S./European Suppressed Amount exceed $5,000,000 less the Canadian Suppressed Amount as of such date of determination.
“U.S./European Tooling Vendor Reserve”: the aggregate amount of reserves, as established by Agent from time to time in its Permitted Discretion to reflect the reasonably anticipated liabilities in respect of the then outstanding amounts owing to all tooling vendors with respect to the tooling giving rise to Eligible Tooling Accounts of the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties.
“U.S./European Unused Line Fee Rate”: a rate per annum equal to (a) 0.25% when the U.S. Revolver Exposure plus the European Revolver Exposure is greater than 50% of the U.S./European Revolver Commitments and (b) 0.30% at all other times.
“U.S. Facility Loan Party”: the U.S. Borrower and each U.S./European Facility Guarantor.
“U.S. Facility Obligations”: all applicable Obligations of the U.S. Facility Loan Parties (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Obligations of the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties as guarantors of the Canadian Facility Obligations and the European Facility Obligations).
“U.S. Issuing Bank”: (a) Bank of America or an Affiliate of Bank of America, as an issuer of Letters of Credit under this Agreement and (b) Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch or an Affiliate of Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, as an issuer of Letters of Credit under this Agreement. With respect to any Letter of Credit, “U.S. Issuing Bank” shall mean the issuer thereof.
“U.S. LC Obligations”: the sum (without duplication) of (a) all amounts owing by the U.S. Borrower for any drawings under Letters of Credit; (b) the stated amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of the U.S. Borrower; and (c) all fees and other amounts owing with respect to Letters of Credit issued for the account of the U.S. Borrower.
“U.S. Lenders”: Bank of America and each other Lender (other than the Canadian Lenders) party hereto, including Agent in its capacity as a provider of U.S. Swingline Loans.
“U.S. Letters of Credit”: as defined in Section 2.2.1 hereof.
“U.S. Prime Rate”: the rate of interest announced by Bank of America from time to time as its U.S. prime rate. Such rate is set by Bank of America on the basis of various factors, including its costs and desired return, general economic conditions and other factors, and is used as a reference point for pricing some loans, which may be priced at, above or below such rate. Any change in such rate publicly announced by Bank of America shall take effect at the opening of business on the day specified in the announcement.
“U.S. Revolver Exposure”: on any date, an amount equal to the sum of the Dollar Equivalent of the U.S. Revolver Loans outstanding on such date plus the U.S. LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) on such date.

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“U.S. Revolver Loan”: a Revolver Loan made by a U.S. Lender to the U.S. Borrower pursuant to Section 2.1.1(a), and any U.S. Swingline Loan, which Loan shall be denominated in Dollars or Euros and shall be either a U.S. Base Rate Loan or a LIBOR Loan, in each case as selected by Agent or Loan Party Agent.
“U.S. Revolver Notes”: collectively, each promissory note, if any, executed by the U.S. Borrower in favor of a U.S. Lender to evidence the U.S. Revolver Loans funded from time to time by such U.S. Lender, which shall be in the form of Exhibit A-2 to this Agreement, together with any replacement or successor notes therefor.
“U.S. Subsidiary”: a Subsidiary of Holdings that is organized under the laws of a state of the United States or the District of Columbia.
“U.S. Swingline Loan”: any Borrowing of Base Rate U.S. Revolver Loans made to the U.S. Borrower pursuant to Section 4.1.3(a).
“Value”: without duplication of any item enumerated in the definition of Eligible Inventory or Eligible Account: (a) for Inventory, its Dollar Equivalent value determined on the basis of the lower of cost or market, calculated on a first-in, first‑out basis, and excluding any portion of cost attributable to intercompany profit among the Borrowers, the other Loan Parties and their Affiliates; and (b) for an Account, its Dollar Equivalent face amount, net of any returns, rebates, discounts (calculated on the shortest terms), credits, allowances or Taxes (including sales, excise or other taxes) that have been or could be claimed by the Account Debtor or any other Person.
“Voting Stock”: of any Person as of any date means the Capital Stock of such Person that is at the time entitled to vote (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) in the election of the Board of Directors of such Person.
“Wage Earner Protection Act Reserve”: on any date of determination, a reserve established from time to time by Agent in its Permitted Discretion in such amount as Agent determines reflects the amounts that may become due under the Wage Earner Protection Program Act with respect to the employees of any Loan Party employed in Canada which would give rise to a Lien with priority under applicable Law over the Lien of Agent.
“Weighted Average Life to Maturity”: when applied to any Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock, as the case may be, at any date, the quotient obtained by dividing (1) the sum of the products of the number of years from the date of determination to the date of each successive scheduled principal payment of such Indebtedness or redemption or similar payment with respect to such Disqualified Stock multiplied by the amount of such payment, by (2) the sum of all such payments.
“Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiary”: any Wholly Owned Subsidiary that is a Restricted Subsidiary.
“Wholly Owned Subsidiary”: of any Person means a Subsidiary of such Person 100% of the outstanding Capital Stock or other ownership interests of which (other than directors’ qualifying shares or shares or interests required to be held by foreign nationals or other third parties to the extent required by applicable law) shall at the time be owned by such Person or by one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person and one or more Wholly Owned Subsidiaries of such Person.

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“Withholding Agent”: means Agent and any Loan Party.
“Write-Down and Conversion Powers”: means, (a) with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule., and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, any powers of the applicable Resolution Authority under the Bail-In Legislation to cancel, reduce, modify or change the form of a liability of any UK Financial Institution or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers.
1.2    Accounting Terms. Under the Loan Documents (except as otherwise specified herein), all accounting terms shall be interpreted, all accounting determinations shall be made, and all financial statements shall be prepared, in accordance with GAAP applied on a basis consistent with the most recent audited financial statements of the Loan Parties delivered to Agent before the Third Restatement Date and using the same inventory valuation method as used in such financial statements, except for any change required or permitted by GAAP if the Loan Parties’ certified public accountants concur in such change and the change is disclosed to Agent. The Loan Party Agent, Lenders and Agent shall negotiate in good faith to amend Section 10.3 to preserve the original intent in light of such change in GAAP; provided, that until so amended Section 10.3 shall continue to be computed in accordance with GAAP prior to such change therein.

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1.3    Uniform Commercial Code/PPSA. As used herein, the following terms are defined in accordance with the UCC in effect in the State of New York from time to time: “Chattel Paper,” “Commercial Tort Claim,” “Equipment,” “Goods,” “Instrument,” “Investment Property,” “Letter-of-Credit Right” and “Supporting Obligation” and, as such terms relate to any such property of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party, such terms shall refer to such property as defined in the PPSA. In addition, other terms relating to Collateral used and not otherwise defined herein that are defined in the UCC and/or the PPSA shall have the meanings set forth in the UCC and/or the PPSA, as applicable
1.4    Certain Matters of Construction. The terms “herein,” “hereof,” “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular section, paragraph or subdivision. Any pronoun used shall be deemed to cover all genders. In the computation of periods of time from a specified date to a later specified date, “from” means “from and including,” and “to” and “until” each mean “to but excluding.” The terms “including” and “include” shall mean “including, without limitation” and, for purposes of each Loan Document, the parties agree that the rule of ejusdem generis shall not be applicable to limit any provision. Section titles appear as a matter of convenience only and shall not affect the interpretation of any Loan Document. All references to (a) laws or statutes include, unless otherwise specified, all related rules, regulations, interpretations, amendments and successor provisions; (b) any document, instrument or agreement includes any amendments, waivers and other modifications, extensions or renewals (to the extent not prohibited by the Loan Documents); (c) any section means, unless the context otherwise requires, a section of this Agreement; (d) any exhibits or schedules mean, unless the context otherwise requires, exhibits and schedules attached hereto, which are hereby incorporated by reference; (e) any Person includes its successors and assigns; (f) time of day means time of day at Agent’s notice address under Section 14.3.1; or (g) except as expressly provided, discretion of Agent, Issuing Bank or any Lender means the sole and absolute discretion of such Person. All calculations of Value, fundings of Loans, issuances of Letters of Credit and payments of Obligations shall be in Dollars (except as otherwise expressly provided herein) and, unless the context otherwise requires, all determinations (including calculations of Borrowing Base and financial covenants) made from time to time under the Loan Documents shall be made in light of the circumstances existing at such time. Borrowing Base calculations shall be consistent with historical methods of valuation and calculation, and otherwise satisfactory to Agent (and not necessarily calculated in accordance with GAAP). The Loan Parties shall have the burden of establishing any alleged negligence, misconduct or lack of good faith by Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender under any Loan Documents. No provision of any Loan Documents shall be construed against any party by reason of such party having, or being deemed to have, drafted the provision. Whenever the phrase “to the best of a Loan Parties’ knowledge” or words of similar import are used in any Loan Documents, it means actual knowledge of a Responsible Officer of a Loan Party. Whenever any payment, certificate, notice or other delivery shall be stated to be due on a day other than a Business Day, the due date for such payment or delivery shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day, and such extension of time shall in such case be included in the computation of interest or fees, as the case may be; provided, however, that if such extension would cause payment of interest on or principal of any LIBOR Loan to be made in the next calendar month, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day.

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1.5    Interpretation (Quebec). For purposes of any Collateral located in the Province of Quebec or charged by any deed of hypothec (or any other Loan Document) and for all other purposes pursuant to which the interpretation or construction of a Loan Document may be subject to the laws of the Province of Quebec or a court or tribunal exercising jurisdiction in the Province of Québec, (q1) “personal property” shall be deemed to include “movable property”, (r2) “real property” shall be deemed to include “immovable property”, (s3) “tangible property” shall be deemed to include “corporeal property”, (t4) “intangible property” shall be deemed to include “incorporeal property”, (u5) “"security interest” and “", "mortgage”" and "lien" shall be deemed to include a “"hypothec”", "prior claim" and a "resolutory clause", (v6) all references to filing, registering or recording under the UCC or the PPSA shall be deemed to include publication under the Civil Code of Québec, (w7) all references to “perfection” of or “perfected” Liens shall be deemed to include a reference to the “opposability” of such Liens to third parties, (x8) any “right of offset”, “right of setoff” or similar expression shall be deemed to include a “right of compensation”, (y9) “goods” shall be deemed to include “corporeal movable property” other than chattel paper, documents of title, instruments, money and securities, and (z10) an “agent” shall be deemed to include a “mandatary”., (11) “construction liens” shall be deemed to include “legal hypothecs”, (12) “joint and several” shall be deemed to include “solidary”, (13) “gross negligence or willful misconduct” shall be deemed to be “intentional or gross fault”, (14) “beneficial ownership” shall be deemed to include “ownership on behalf of another as mandatary”, (15) “servitude” shall be deemed to include “easement”, (16) “priority” shall be deemed to include “prior claim”, (17) “survey” shall be deemed to include “certificate of location and plan”, (18) “fee simple title” shall be deemed to include “absolute ownership”, and (19) “foreclosure” shall be deemed to include the “exercise of a hypothecary right”.
1.6    LIBOR Amendment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other Loan Documents, if Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error), or Loan Party Agent or Required Lenders notify Agent (with, in the case of the Required Lenders, a copy to Loan Party Agent) that Loan Party Agent or Required Lenders (as applicable) have determined, that:
1.6.1    adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining LIBOR for any applicable interest period, because the LIBOR quote on the applicable screen page (or other source) used by Agent to determine LIBOR (“LIBOR Screen Rate”) is not available or published on a current basis and such circumstances are unlikely to be temporary; or
1.6.2    the administrator of the LIBOR Screen Rate or a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Agent has made a public statement identifying a specific date after which LIBOR or the LIBOR Screen Rate shall no longer be made available, or used for determining the interest rate of loans, provided that, at the time of such statement, there is no successor administrator that is satisfactory to the Agent, that will continue to provide LIBOR after such specific date (such specific date, the “Scheduled Unavailability Date”); or
1.6.3    syndicated loans currently being executed, or that include language similar to that contained in this Section, are being executed or amended (as applicable) to incorporate or adopt a new benchmark interest rate to replace LIBOR;

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then, reasonably promptly after such determination by the Agent or receipt by the Agent of such notice, as applicable, the Agent and the Borrower may amend this Agreement to replace LIBOR with an(x) one or more SOFR-Based Rates or (y) another alternate benchmark rate, giving due consideration to any evolving or then existing convention for similar U.S. dollar denominated syndicated credit facilities for such alternative benchmarks and, in each case, including any mathematical or other adjustments to such benchmark giving due consideration to any evolving or then existing convention for similar U.S. dollar denominated syndicated credit facilities for such benchmarks, which adjustment or method for calculating such adjustment shall be published on an information service as selected by the Agent from time to time in its reasonable discretion and may be periodically updated (the “Adjustment” and any such proposed rate, a “LIBOR Successor Rate”), and any such amendment shall become effective at 5:00 p.m. on the fifth Business Day after the Agent shall have posted such proposed amendment to all Lenders and the Borrower unless, prior to such time, Lenders comprising the Required Lenders have delivered to the Agent written notice that such Required Lenders (A) in the case of an amendment to replace LIBOR with a rate described in clause (x), object to the Adjustment; or (B) in the case of an amendment to replace LIBOR with a rate described in clause (y), object to such amendment; provided that for the avoidance of doubt, in the case of clause (A), the Required Lenders shall not be entitled to object to any SOFR-Based Rate contained in any such amendment. Such LIBOR Successor Rate shall be applied in a manner consistent with market practice; provided that to the extent such market practice is not administratively feasible for the Agent, such LIBOR Successor Rate shall be applied in a manner as otherwise reasonably determined by the Agent.
If no LIBOR Successor Rate has been determined and the circumstances under clause 1.6.1 above exist or the Scheduled Unavailability Date has occurred, Agent will promptly notify Loan Party Agent and the Lenders. Thereafter, (i) the obligation of Lenders to make or maintain LIBOR Loans shall be suspended (to the extent of the affected LIBOR Loans or Interest Periods), and (ii) the LIBOR component shall no longer be used in determining Base Rate or Canadian Base Rate. Upon receipt of such notice, U.S. Borrower may revoke any pending request for funding, conversion or continuation of a LIBOR Loan (to the extent of the affected LIBOR Loans or Interest Periods) or, failing that, will be deemed to have requested a Base Rate Loan.

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In connection with the implementation of a LIBOR Successor Rate, the Agent will have the right to make LIBOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes from time to time and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, any amendments implementing such LIBOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes will become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement.
1.7    Canadian BA Rate Amendment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other Loan Documents, if Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error), or Loan Party Agent or Required Lenders notify Agent (with, in the case of the Required Lenders, a copy to Loan Party Agent) that Loan Party Agent or Required Lenders (as applicable) have determined, that:
1.7.1    adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Canadian BA Rate for any applicable interest period, because the applicable Canadian Dollar Bankers’ Acceptances rate quote on the CDOR Page used by Agent to determine the Canadian BA Rate (“CDOR Screen Rate”) is not available or published on a current basis and such circumstances are unlikely to be temporary; or
1.7.2    the administrator of the CDOR Screen Rate or a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over Agent has made a public statement identifying a specific date (“CDOR Scheduled Unavailability Date”) after which the Canadian deposit offered rate or the CDOR Screen Rate will no longer be available or used for determining the interest rate of loans; or
1.7.3    syndicated loans currently being executed, or that include language similar to that contained in this Section, are being executed or amended (as applicable) to incorporate or adopt a new benchmark interest rate to replace the Canadian deposit offered rate or the CDOR Screen Rate;
then, reasonably promptly after such determination or receipt of notice by Agent, Agent and the Borrowers may amend this Agreement to replace the CDOR Screen Rate or the Canadian BA Rate (if necessary) with an alternate benchmark rate (including any mathematical or other adjustments to the benchmark (if any) incorporated therein), giving due consideration to any evolving or then existing convention for similar Dollar denominated syndicated credit facilities for such alternative benchmarks (“CDOR Successor Rate”), together with any proposed CDOR Successor Rate Conforming Changes and the amendment shall be effective at 5:00 p.m. on the fifth Business Day after Agent posts the amendment to all Lenders and Canadian Borrower unless, prior to such time, Required Lenders notify Agent that they do not accept it.

If no CDOR Successor Rate has been determined and the circumstances under clause 1.7.1 above exist or the CDOR Scheduled Unavailability Date has occurred, Agent will promptly notify Canadian Borrower and Lenders. Thereafter, the obligation of Lenders to make or maintain Canadian BA Rate Loans shall be suspended (to the extent of the affected Canadian BA Rate Loans or Interest Periods). Upon receipt of such notice, Canadian Borrower may revoke any pending request for funding, conversion or continuation of a Canadian BA Rate Loan (to the extent of the affected Canadian BA Rate Loans or Interest Periods) or, failing that, will be deemed to have requested a Canadian Prime Rate Loan.
1.8    Divisions. For all purposes under the Loan Documents, in connection with any division or plan of division under Delaware law (or any comparable event under a different jurisdiction’s laws): (a) if any asset, right, obligation or liability of any Person becomes the asset, right, obligation or liability of a different Person, then it shall be deemed to have been transferred from the original Person to the

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subsequent Person, and (b) if any new Person comes into existence, such new Person shall be deemed to have been organized on the first date of its existence by the holders of its Equity Interests at such time.
SECTION 2.CREDIT FACILITIES
2.1    Commitment.
2.1.1    Revolver Loans.
(a)    U.S. Revolver Loans to the U.S. Borrower; European Revolver Loans to the European Borrower. Each U.S. Lender agrees, severally and not jointly with the other U.S. Lenders, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, to make (i) U.S. Revolver Loans to the U.S. Borrower and (ii) so long as the applicable Specified Transaction Conditions have been satisfied with respect thereto, European Revolver Loans to the European Borrower, in each case, on any Business Day during the period from the Third Restatement Date to the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, not to exceed in aggregate principal amount outstanding at any time, such U.S. Lender’s U.S./European Revolver Commitment at such time, which U.S./European Revolver Loans may be repaid and reborrowed in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; provided, however, that such U.S. Lenders shall have no obligation to the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower whatsoever to honor any request for a U.S. Revolver Loan or a European Revolver Loan, as applicable, (x) on or after the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, (y) if the amount of the proposed U.S. Revolver Loan exceeds U.S. Availability on the proposed funding date for such U.S. Revolver Loan or (z) if the amount of the proposed European Revolver Loan exceeds the Maximum European Subline Amount on the proposed funding date for such European Revolver Loan. Each Borrowing of U.S./European Revolver Loans shall be funded by U.S. Lenders on a Pro Rata basis. The U.S./European Revolver Loans shall bear interest as set forth in Section 3.1. Each U.S. Revolver Loan shall, at the option of the U.S. Borrower, be made or continued as, or converted into, part of one or more Borrowings that, unless specifically provided herein, shall consist entirely of U.S. Base Rate Loans or LIBOR Loans. Each European Revolver Loan shall consist entirely of LIBOR Loans. The U.S./European Revolver Loans shall be repaid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and shall be secured by all of the U.S./European Facility Collateral. Each U.S. Revolver Loan shall be funded in Dollars or, at the option of the U.S. Borrower, Euros and repaid in the same currency as the underlying U.S. Revolver Loan was made; provided, however, that the aggregate amount of U.S. Revolver Loans that may be denominated in Euros shall not exceed the Dollar Equivalent of $50,000,000 less the Dollar Equivalent of the outstanding U.S. LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) denominated in Euros and Sterling; provided, further, however, U.S. Revolver Loans denominated in Euros shall consist entirely of LIBOR Loans. Each European Revolver Loan shall be funded in Euros and repaid in Euros.
(b)    Canadian Revolver Loans to Canadian Borrower. Each Canadian Lender agrees, severally and not jointly with the other Canadian Lenders, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, to make Canadian Revolver Loans to the Canadian Borrower on any Business Day during the period from the Third Restatement Date to the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date, not to exceed in aggregate principal amount outstanding at any time, such Canadian Lender’s Canadian Revolver Commitment at such time, which Canadian Revolver Loans may be repaid and reborrowed in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; provided, however, that Canadian Lenders shall have no obligation to the Canadian Borrower whatsoever to honor any request for a Canadian Revolver Loan on or after the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date or if the

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amount of the proposed Canadian Revolver Loan exceeds Canadian Availability on the proposed funding date for such Canadian Revolver Loan. Each Borrowing of Canadian Revolver Loans shall be funded by Canadian Lenders on a Pro Rata basis. The Canadian Revolver Loans shall bear interest as set forth in Section 3.1. Each Canadian Revolver Loan shall, at the option of the Canadian Borrower, be made or continued as, or converted into, part of one or more Borrowings that, unless specifically provided herein, shall consist entirely of Canadian Prime Rate Loans or Canadian BA Rate Loans if denominated in Canadian Dollars, or Canadian Base Rate Loans or LIBOR Loans if denominated in Dollars. The Canadian Revolver Loans shall be repaid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and shall be secured by all of the Canadian Facility Collateral. Each Canadian Revolver Loan shall be funded in Canadian Dollars or, at the option of the Canadian Borrower, Dollars and repaid in the same currency as the underlying Canadian Revolver Loan was made.
(c)    Cap on Total Revolver Exposure. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 2.1.1, in no event shall any Borrower be entitled to receive a Revolver Loan if at the time of the proposed funding of such Loan (and after giving effect thereto and the application of the proceeds thereof and all pending requests for Loans), the Total Revolver Exposure exceeds (or would exceed) the lesser of the Maximum Facility Amount and the Commitments.
2.1.2    Revolver Notes. The Revolver Loans made by each Lender and interest accruing thereon shall be evidenced by the records of Agent and such Lender. At the request of any Lender, the Borrower to which such Lender has extended Commitments shall deliver a Revolver Note to such Lender in the amount of such Lender’s aggregate U.S./European or Canadian Revolver Commitment, as applicable.
2.1.3    Use of Proceeds. The proceeds of Revolver Loans shall be used by the Borrowers solely (a) to issue standby or commercial letters of credit, and (b) to finance ongoing working capital needs and other lawful general corporate purposes of the Borrowers and their Restricted Subsidiaries. No part of the proceeds of any Loan shall, nor shall any Letter of Credit, in any case, be used directly or indirectly in violation of any Anti-Terrorism Laws or Sanctions.
2.1.4    Reduction or Termination of Commitments; Increase of Commitments.
(a)    The Canadian Revolver Commitments shall terminate on the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date and the U.S./European Revolver Commitments shall terminate on the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, in each case, unless sooner terminated in accordance with this Agreement. Upon at least three (3) Business Days’ prior written notice to Agent from Loan Party Agent, (i) the U.S. Borrower may, at its option, terminate the U.S./European Revolver Commitments and this credit facility and/or (ii) the Canadian Borrower may, at its option, terminate the Canadian Revolver Commitment, in each case, without premium or penalty (other than funding losses payable pursuant to Section 3.9). If the U.S. Borrower elects to reduce to zero (0) or terminate the U.S./European Revolver Commitments pursuant to the previous sentence, the Canadian Revolver

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Commitments shall automatically terminate concurrently with the termination of the U.S./European Revolver Commitments. Any notice of termination given by the Borrowers pursuant to this Section 2.1.4 shall be irrevocable; provided, however, that notice may be contingent on the occurrence of a refinancing or the consummation of a sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets and may be revoked or the termination date deferred if the refinancing or sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets does not occur. On the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date, the Canadian Borrower (and other Canadian Facility Loan Parties, if applicable) shall make Full Payment of all Canadian Facility Obligations. On the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, the U.S. Borrower (and other U.S. Facility Loan Parties, if applicable) shall make Full Payment of all U.S. Facility Obligations. On the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, the European Borrower shall make Full Payment of all European Facility Obligations.
(b)    So long as (i) no Default or Event of Default then exists or would result therefrom, (ii) no U.S./European Overadvance or Canadian Overadvance then exists or would result therefrom, and (iii) after giving effect thereto, U.S. Availability would exceed $10,000,000, Loan Party Agent may permanently and irrevocably reduce the Maximum Facility Amount by giving Agent at least three (3) Business Days’ prior irrevocable written notice thereof from a Responsible Officer of Loan Party Agent, which notice shall (1) specify the date (which shall be a Business Day) and amount of such reduction (which shall be in a minimum amount of $5,000,000 and increments of $1,000,000 in excess thereof), (2) specify the allocation of such reduction to, and the corresponding reductions of, each of the Maximum Canadian Facility Amount and/or the Maximum U.S./European Facility Amount (and the respective Canadian Revolver Commitments and the U.S./European Revolver Commitments in respect thereof, each of which shall be allocated to Lenders among the Borrowers on a Pro Rata basis at the time of such reduction) and (3) certify the satisfaction of the conditions specified in the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii) and this clause (iii) (including calculations thereof in reasonable detail) as of the effective date of any such proposed reduction; provided, however, that such notice may be contingent on the occurrence of a refinancing or incurrence of Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.2.2 or consummation of a sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets and may be revoked or the reduction date deferred if the refinancing, incurrence or sale, transfer, lease or other disposition of assets does not occur. Without limiting the foregoing, (A) each reduction in the Maximum Canadian Facility Amount and the Canadian Revolver Commitments shall in no event exceed Canadian Availability and be in a minimum amount of $5,000,000, and (B) each reduction in the Maximum U.S./European Facility Amount and the U.S./European Revolver Commitments shall in no event exceed U.S. Availability and be in a minimum amount of $5,000,000.
(c)    Provided no Default or Event of Default then exists or would result therefrom after the Third Restatement Date, upon notice to Agent (which shall promptly notify all Applicable Lenders), the Loan Party Agent may from time to time, request an increase in the U.S./European Revolver Commitments or the Canadian Revolver Commitments, as applicable, by an amount not exceeding $100,000,000 (less the amount of any FILO Credit Facility) in the aggregate (resulting in maximum total Facility Commitments of $310,000,000280,000,000) during the term of this Agreement; provided that (i) any such request for an increase shall be in a minimum amount of $5,000,000 and (ii) the Loan Party Agent may make a maximum of two (2) such requests in the aggregate (resulting in a maximum of two (2) total increases) during the term of this Agreement. At the time of sending such notice, a requesting Borrower (in consultation with Agent) shall specify the time period within which the Applicable Lenders are requested to respond (which shall in no event be less than ten (10) Business Days from the date of delivery of such notice to such Lenders (or such lesser period as is acceptable to such Lenders)).

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(d)    Each Applicable Lender shall notify Agent within such time period whether or not it agrees to increase its Facility Commitment to the Loan Party Agent and, if so, whether by an amount equal to, greater than, or less than its Pro Rata Share of such requested increase. Any Applicable Lender not responding within such time period shall be deemed to have declined to increase its Facility Commitment.
(e)    Agent shall notify the Loan Party Agent and each Applicable Lender of such Applicable Lenders’ responses to each request made hereunder. To achieve the full amount of a requested increase, and subject to the approval of Agent and the applicable Issuing Bank (which approvals, so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, shall not be unreasonably withheld), the Loan Party Agent may also invite additional Eligible Assignees to become Lenders pursuant to a joinder agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent and its counsel.
(f)    If the U.S./European Revolver Commitments or the Canadian Revolver Commitments are increased in accordance with this Section, Agent and the Loan Party Agent shall determine the effective date (the “Facility Commitment Increase Effective Date”) and the final allocation of such increase. Agent shall promptly notify the Loan Party Agent and the Applicable Lenders (and any additional Lender added pursuant to Section 2.1.4(e)) of the final allocation of such increase and the Facility Commitment Increase Effective Date.
(g)    As a condition precedent to such increase, the Loan Party Agent shall deliver to Agent a certificate of each Loan Party dated as of the Facility Commitment Increase Effective Date (in sufficient copies for each Lender) signed by a Responsible Officer of such Loan Party (i) certifying and attaching the resolutions adopted by such Loan Party approving or consenting to such increase, and (ii) in the case of the Borrowers, certifying that, before and after giving effect to such increase, (A) the representations and warranties contained in Section 9 and the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) on and as of the Facility Commitment Increase Effective Date (except for representations and warranties that expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) as of such earlier date), and except that for purposes of this Section 2.1.4, the representations and warranties contained in Section 9.1.8(a) shall be deemed to refer to the most recent statements furnished pursuant to clauses (a) and (c) of Section 10.1.1, and (B) no Default exists. The requesting Borrower shall prepay any Revolving Loans of such Borrower outstanding on the Facility Commitment Increase Effective Date (and pay any additional amounts required pursuant to Section 3.9) to the extent necessary to keep the outstanding Revolving Loans of such Borrower ratable with any revised Pro Rata Share arising from any nonratable increase in the Facility Commitments under this Section.
(h)    No consent shall be required of any Lender not increasing its Facility Commitments in connection with an increase of the Facility Commitments in accordance with this Section 2.1.4, and the Borrowers, Agent and each Lender shall enter into such amendments to the Loan Documents as may be reasonably requested by the Loan Party Agent and Agent to make conforming changes consistent with this Section 2.1.4.
(i)    This Section shall supersede any provisions in Section 14.1 to the contrary.

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2.1.5    Overadvances.
(a)    If at any time (a) the Canadian Revolver Exposure exceeds the Canadian Borrowing Base (a “Canadian Overadvance”) or (b) the sum of the U.S. Revolver Exposure plus the European Revolver Exposure exceeds the U.S./European Borrowing Base (the U.S./European Borrowing Base calculated solely for this purpose without subtraction of the European Revolver Exposure) (a “U.S./European Overadvance”), the excess amount shall, subject to Section 5.2 and this Section 2.1.5, be immediately due and payable by the Canadian Borrower or the U.S. Borrower, as applicable on demand by Agent. Agent may require the Applicable Lenders to honor requests for Overadvance Loans and to forbear from requiring the applicable Borrower to cure an Overadvance, (a) when no Event of Default is known to Agent, as long as (i) the Overadvance does not continue for more than thirty (30) consecutive days (and no Overadvance may exist for at least five (5) consecutive days thereafter before further Overadvance Loans are required), and (ii) the Overadvance is not known by Agent to exceed $2,500,000, with respect to the Canadian Borrower, or $5,000,000 in the aggregate, with respect to the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower; and (b) regardless of whether an Event of Default exists, if Agent discovers an Overadvance not previously known by it to exist, as long as from the date of such discovery the Overadvance (i) is not increased by more than $2,500,000, with respect to the Canadian Borrower or $5,000,000 in the aggregate, with respect to the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower, and (ii) does not continue for more than thirty (30) consecutive days. In no event shall Overadvance Loans be required that would cause (i) the Canadian Revolver Exposure to exceed the aggregate Canadian Revolver Commitments or (ii) the U.S. Revolver Exposure plus the European Revolver Exposure to exceed the aggregate U.S./European Revolver Commitments. All Canadian Overadvance Loans shall constitute Canadian Facility Obligations secured by the Canadian Facility Collateral and shall be entitled to all benefits of the Loan Documents. All U.S./European Overadvance Loans shall constitute U.S./European Facility Obligations secured by the U.S./European Facility Collateral and shall be entitled to all benefits of the Loan Documents. No Overadvance shall result in an Event of Default due to a Borrower’s failure to comply with Section 2.1.1 for so long as such Overadvance remains outstanding in accordance with the terms of this paragraph, but solely with respect to the amount of such Overadvance. In no event shall any Borrower or other Loan Party be deemed a beneficiary of this Section nor authorized to enforce any of its terms. Agent agrees to use its commercially reasonable best efforts to promptly notify the Lenders of the issuance of an Overadvance Loan; provided, that Agent shall have no liability for any failure to provide any such notice.
2.1.6    Protective Advances. Agent shall be authorized, in its discretion, at any time that any conditions in Section 6 are not satisfied, to make U.S. Base Rate Loans and Canadian Prime Rate Loans, as applicable (each a “Protective Advance”) (a) up to an aggregate amount of $2,500,000, with respect to the Canadian Borrower, or $5,000,000, with respect to the U.S. Borrower, outstanding at any time, if Agent deems such Loans necessary or desirable to preserve or protect Collateral, or to enhance the collectability or repayment of Obligations; or (b) to pay any other amounts chargeable to the Loan Parties under any Loan Documents, including costs, fees and expenses. Each Applicable Lender shall participate in each Protective Advance on a Pro Rata basis. In no event shall Protective Advances be required that would cause (x) the outstanding U.S./European Revolver Loans and U.S./European LC Obligations to exceed the aggregate U.S./European Commitments or (y) the outstanding Canadian Revolver Loans and Canadian LC Obligations to exceed the aggregate Canadian Commitments. Required Facility Lenders may at any time revoke Agent’s authority to make further Protective Advances to the applicable Borrower by written notice to Agent. Absent such revocation, Agent’s determination that funding of a Protective Advance is appropriate shall be conclusive. All Protective Advances made by Agent with respect to U.S. Facility Loan Parties shall be U.S. Facility Obligations,

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secured by the U.S./European Facility Collateral and shall be treated for all purposes as Extraordinary Expenses and all Protective Advances made by Agent with respect to Canadian Facility Loan Parties shall be Canadian Facility Obligations, secured by the Canadian Facility Collateral and shall be treated for all purposes as Extraordinary Expenses. Agent agrees to use its commercially reasonable best efforts to promptly notify the Lenders of the extension of a Protective Advance; provided, that Agent shall have no liability for any failure to provide any such notice.
2.1.7    Prepayments. If Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary consummates one or more Asset Sales of Fixed Asset Collateral which result in realization or receipt by Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary of aggregate Net Proceeds in excess of $20,000,000 in any fiscal year, Holdings shall (1) give written notice to Agent thereof promptly after the date of the realization or receipt of such Net Proceeds and (2) except to the extent Holdings is required to repay the Fixed Asset Facility with such Net Proceeds or is permitted under the Fixed Asset Facility to reinvest such Net Proceeds in assets used or useful in the business, prepay an aggregate principal amount of Loans in an amount equal to 100% of all Net Proceeds received from such Asset Sale within five (5) Business Days of receipt thereof by Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary or the end of such reinvestment period, whichever is later.
2.2    U.S. and European Letter of Credit Facility.
2.2.1    Issuance of Letters of Credit. U.S. Issuing Bank agrees to issue Letters of Credit for the account of (x) the U.S. Borrower (“U.S. Letters of Credit”) and (y) so long as the applicable Specified Transaction Conditions have been satisfied with respect thereto, the European Borrower (“European Letters of Credit”) from time to time until fifteen (15) days prior to the Facility Termination Date (or until the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, if earlier), on the terms set forth herein, including the following:
(a)    Each of the U.S. Borrower and European Borrower acknowledge that U.S. Issuing Bank’s willingness to issue any U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit is conditioned upon U.S. Issuing Bank’s receipt of an LC Application with respect to the requested U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, as applicable, as well as such other instruments and agreements as U.S. Issuing Bank may customarily require for issuance of a letter of credit of similar type and amount. U.S. Issuing Bank shall have no obligation to issue any U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit unless (i) U.S. Issuing Bank receives an LC Request and LC Application at least three (3) Business Days prior to the requested date of issuance; (ii) each LC Condition is satisfied; and (iii) if a Defaulting Lender that is a U.S. Lender exists, such Defaulting Lender or the U.S. Borrower or European Borrower, as applicable, have entered into arrangements satisfactory to Agent and U.S. Issuing Bank to eliminate any Fronting Exposure associated with such Lender (it being understood that Cash Collateralization of a Defaulting Lender’s Pro Rata share of the requested U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, as applicable, is satisfactory to Agent and U.S. Issuing Bank). If, in sufficient time to act, U.S. Issuing Bank receives written notice from the Required Facility Lenders that a LC Condition has not been satisfied, U.S. Issuing Bank shall not issue the requested U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, as applicable. Prior to receipt of any such notice, U.S. Issuing Bank shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any failure of LC Conditions.
(b)    Letters of Credit may be requested by the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower to support obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business, or as otherwise approved by Agent. The renewal or extension of any U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit shall be treated as the

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issuance of a new U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, as applicable, except that delivery of a new LC Application may be required at the discretion of U.S. Issuing Bank.
(c)    Each of the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower assume all risks of the acts, omissions or misuses by the beneficiary of any U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, as applicable. In connection with issuance of any U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, none of Agent, U.S. Issuing Bank or any U.S. Lender shall be responsible for the existence, character, quality, quantity, condition, packing, value or delivery of any goods purported to be represented by any Documents; any differences or variation in the character, quality, quantity, condition, packing, value or delivery of any goods from that expressed in any Documents; the form, validity, sufficiency, accuracy, genuineness or legal effect of any Documents or of any endorsements thereon; the time, place, manner or order in which shipment of goods is made; partial or incomplete shipment of, or failure to ship, any goods referred to in a U.S. Letter of Credit, European Letter of Credit or Documents; any deviation from instructions, delay, default or fraud by any shipper or other Person in connection with any goods, shipment or delivery; any breach of contract between a shipper or vendor and the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable; errors, omissions, interruptions or delays in transmission or delivery of any messages, by mail, cable, telegraph, telex, telecopy, e-mail, telephone or otherwise; errors in interpretation of technical terms; the misapplication by a beneficiary of any U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, as applicable, or the proceeds thereof; or any consequences arising from causes beyond the control of U.S. Issuing Bank, Agent or any U.S. Lender, including any act or omission of a Governmental Authority. The rights and remedies of U.S. Issuing Bank under the Loan Documents shall be cumulative. U.S. Issuing Bank shall be fully subrogated to the rights and remedies of each beneficiary whose claims against the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower are discharged with proceeds of any U.S. Letter of Credit issued for the account of the U.S. Borrower or any European Letter of Credit issued for the account of the European Borrower, as applicable.
(d)    In connection with its administration of and enforcement of rights or remedies under any Letters of Credit or LC Documents, U.S. Issuing Bank shall be entitled to act, and shall be fully protected in acting, upon any certification, documentation or communication in whatever form believed by U.S. Issuing Bank, in good faith, to be genuine and correct and to have been signed, sent or made by a proper Person. U.S. Issuing Bank may consult with and employ legal counsel, accountants and other experts to advise it concerning its obligations, rights and remedies, and shall be entitled to act upon, and shall be fully protected in any action taken in good faith reliance upon, any advice given by such experts. U.S. Issuing Bank may employ agents and attorneys-in-fact in connection with any matter relating to Letters of Credit or LC Documents, and shall not be liable for the negligence or misconduct of agents and attorneys-in-fact selected with reasonable care.
(e)    If the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower so requests in any applicable Letter of Credit application, U.S. Issuing Bank may, in its discretion, agree to issue a Letter of Credit that has automatic extension provisions (each, a “U.S./European Auto-Extension Letter of Credit”); provided that any such U.S./European Auto-Extension Letter of Credit must permit U.S. Issuing Bank to prevent any such extension at least once in each twelve-month period (commencing with the date of issuance of such Letter of Credit) by giving prior notice to the beneficiary thereof not later than a day (the “U.S./European Non-Extension Notice Date”) in each such twelve-month period to be agreed upon at the time such Letter of Credit is issued. Unless otherwise directed by U.S. Issuing Bank, the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower shall not be required to make a specific request to the Issuing Bank for any such extension. Once a U.S./European Auto-Extension Letter of Credit has been issued, the U.S. Lenders shall be deemed to have authorized (but may not require) U.S. Issuing Bank to permit the extension of

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such Letter of Credit at any time to an expiry date at least 15 Business Days prior to the Facility Termination Date; provided, however, that U.S. Issuing Bank shall not permit any such extension if (A) U.S. Issuing Bank has determined that it would not be permitted, or would have no obligation at such time to issue such Letter of Credit in its revised form (as extended) under the terms hereof, or (B) it has received notice (which may be by telephone or in writing) on or before the day that is seven Business Days before the U.S./European Non-Extension Notice Date (1) from Agent that the Required Lenders have elected not to permit such extension or (2) from Agent, any Lender or the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable, that one or more of the applicable conditions specified in Section 6.2 is not then satisfied, and in each such case directing U.S. Issuing Bank not to permit such extension.
(f)    By their execution of this Agreement, the parties hereto agree that on the Third Restatement Date (without any further action by any Person), the Existing Letters of Credit as listed on Schedule 1.1(c) shall be deemed to have been issued by U.S. Issuing Bank under this Agreement and the rights and obligations of U.S. Issuing Bank and the account party thereunder shall be subject to the terms hereof.
2.2.2    U.S. Letters of Credit and European Letters of Credit: Reimbursement and Participations.
(a)    If U.S. Issuing Bank honors any request for payment under a U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable, shall pay to U.S. Issuing Bank, on the same day (“U.S./European Reimbursement Date”), the amount paid by U.S. Issuing Bank under (i) such U.S. Letter of Credit, together with interest at the interest rate for U.S. Base Rate Loans or (ii) such European Letter of Credit, together with interest at the interest rate for LIBOR Revolver Loans, in each case, from the U.S./European Reimbursement Date until payment by the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable. The obligation of the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower to reimburse U.S. Issuing Bank for any payment made under a U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, as applicable, shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, and shall be paid without regard to any lack of validity or enforceability of any such U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit or the existence of any claim, setoff, defense or other right that the U.S. Borrower, the European Borrower, or any other U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties may have at any time against the beneficiary, as applicable. Whether or not Loan Party Agent submits a Notice of Borrowing, (i) the U.S. Borrower shall be deemed to have requested a Borrowing of U.S. Base Rate Loans or (ii) the European Borrower shall be deemed to have requested a Borrowing of LIBOR Revolver Loans, in each case, in an amount necessary to pay all amounts due U.S. Issuing Bank on any U.S./European Reimbursement Date and each U.S. Lender agrees to fund its Pro Rata share of such Borrowing whether or not the U.S./European Revolver Commitments have terminated, any U.S./European Overadvance exists or is created thereby, or the conditions in Section 6 are satisfied.
(b)    Upon issuance of a U.S. Letter of Credit or a European Letter of Credit, or in the case of the Existing Letters of Credit, on the Third Restatement Date, each U.S. Lender shall be deemed to have irrevocably and unconditionally purchased from U.S. Issuing Bank, without recourse or warranty, an undivided Pro Rata interest and participation in all U.S. LC Obligations or European LC Obligations, as applicable, (in each case, excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) relating to such U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit. If U.S. Issuing Bank makes any payment under a U.S. Letter of Credit or a European Letter of Credit for the account of the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable, and the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable, does not reimburse such payment on the U.S./European Reimbursement Date, Agent shall promptly notify

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U.S. Lenders and each U.S. Lender shall promptly (within one (1) Business Day) and unconditionally pay to Agent, for the benefit of U.S. Issuing Bank, such U.S. Lender’s Pro Rata share of such payment. Upon request by a U.S. Lender, U.S. Issuing Bank shall furnish copies of any Letters of Credit and LC Documents in its possession at such time.
(c)    The obligation of each U.S. Lender to make payments to Agent for the account of U.S. Issuing Bank in connection with U.S. Issuing Bank’s payment under a U.S. Letter of Credit or a European Letter of Credit shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, not subject to any counterclaim, setoff, qualification or exception whatsoever, and shall be made in accordance with this Agreement under all circumstances, irrespective of any lack of validity or unenforceability of any Loan Documents; any draft, certificate or other document presented under a U.S. Letter of Credit or a European Letter of Credit having been determined to be forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or inaccurate in any respect; or the existence of any setoff or defense that any Loan Party may have with respect to any Obligations. U.S. Issuing Bank does not assume any responsibility for any failure or delay in performance or any breach by the U.S. Borrower, the European Borrower or any other Person of any obligations under any LC Documents. U.S. Issuing Bank does not make to U.S. Lenders any express or implied warranty, representation or guarantee with respect to the U.S./European Facility Collateral, LC Documents, any U.S. Facility Loan Party or the European Borrower. U.S. Issuing Bank shall not be responsible to any U.S. Lender for any recitals, statements, information, representations or warranties contained in, or for the execution, validity, genuineness, effectiveness or enforceability of any LC Documents; the validity, genuineness, enforceability, collectability, value or sufficiency of any U.S./European Facility Collateral or the perfection of any Lien therein; or the assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, business, creditworthiness or legal status of any U.S./European Facility Loan Party.
(d)    No Issuing Bank Indemnitee shall be liable to any Loan Party or other Person for any action taken or omitted to be taken in connection with any U.S. Letter of Credit, European Letter of Credit or LC Document except as a result of U.S. Issuing Bank’s gross negligence or willful misconduct, as determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction. U.S. Issuing Bank may refrain from taking any action with respect to a U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit until it receives written instructions from Required Facility Lenders of the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable.

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2.2.3    Cash Collateral. If any U.S. LC Obligations or the European LC Obligations, whether or not then due or payable, shall for any reason be outstanding at any time (a) that an Event of Default exists, (b) that a U.S./European Overadvance exists, (c) after the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, or (d) within twenty (20) Business Days prior to the Facility Termination Date, then the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable, shall, at U.S. Issuing Bank’s or Agent’s request, Cash Collateralize the stated amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, as applicable, and pay to U.S. Issuing Bank the amount of all other U.S. LC Obligations or European LC Obligations, as applicable. The U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower shall, on demand by U.S. Issuing Bank or Agent from time to time, Cash Collateralize the Fronting Exposure of any Defaulting Lender that is a U.S. Lender. If the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower fails to provide any Cash Collateral as required hereunder, U.S. Lenders may (and shall upon direction of Agent) advance, as U.S. Revolver Loans or European Revolver Loans, as applicable, the amount of the Cash Collateral required (whether or not the U.S./European Revolver Commitments have terminated, any U.S./European Overadvance exists or is created thereby or the conditions in Section 6 are satisfied). For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that the European Borrower will not repay or Cash Collateralize any U.S. LC Obligations.
2.2.4    Resignation of U.S. Issuing Bank. U.S. Issuing Bank may resign at any time upon notice to Agent and Loan Party Agent. On and after the effective date of such resignation, U.S. Issuing Bank shall have no obligation to issue, amend, renew, extend or otherwise modify any U.S. Letter of Credit or European Letter of Credit, but shall continue to have all rights and other obligations of an U.S. Issuing Bank hereunder relating to any U.S. Letter of Credit and European Letter of Credit issued by it prior to such date. Agent shall promptly appoint a replacement U.S. Issuing Bank, which, as long as no Default or Event of Default exists, shall be reasonably acceptable to Loan Party Agent.
2.3    Canadian Letter of Credit Facility.
2.3.1    Issuance of Letters of Credit. Canadian Issuing Bank agrees to issue Letters of Credit for the account of the Canadian Borrower (“Canadian Letters of Credit”) from time to time until fifteen (15) days prior to the Facility Termination Date (or until the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date, if earlier), on the terms set forth herein, including the following:
(a)    The Canadian Borrower acknowledges that Canadian Issuing Bank’s willingness to issue any Canadian Letter of Credit is conditioned upon Canadian Issuing Bank’s receipt of an LC Application with respect to the requested Canadian Letter of Credit, as well as such other instruments and agreements as Canadian Issuing Bank may customarily require for issuance of a letter of credit of similar type and amount. Canadian Issuing Bank shall have no obligation to issue any Canadian Letter of Credit unless (i) Canadian Issuing Bank receives an LC Request and LC Application at least three (3) Business Days prior to the requested date of issuance; (ii) each LC Condition is satisfied; and (iii) if a Defaulting Lender that is a Canadian Lender exists, such Defaulting Lender or the Canadian Borrower have entered into arrangements satisfactory to Agent and Canadian Issuing Bank to eliminate any Fronting Exposure associated with such Lender (it being understood that Cash Collateralization of a Defaulting Lender’s Pro Rata share of the requested Canadian Letter of Credit is satisfactory to Agent and Canadian Issuing Bank). If, in sufficient time to act, Canadian Issuing Bank receives written notice from Required Facility Lenders that a LC Condition has not been satisfied, Canadian Issuing Bank shall not issue the requested Canadian Letter of Credit. Prior to receipt of any such notice, Canadian Issuing Bank shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any failure of LC Conditions.

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(b)    Letters of Credit may be requested by Loan Party Agent for the account of Canadian Borrower to support obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business, or as otherwise approved by Agent. The renewal or extension of any Canadian Letter of Credit shall be treated as the issuance of a new Canadian Letter of Credit, except that delivery of a new LC Application may be required at the discretion of Canadian Issuing Bank.
(c)    The Canadian Borrower assumes all risks of the acts, omissions or misuses by the beneficiary of any Canadian Letter of Credit. In connection with issuance of any Canadian Letter of Credit, none of Agent, Canadian Issuing Bank or any Canadian Lender shall be responsible for the existence, character, quality, quantity, condition, packing, value or delivery of any goods purported to be represented by any Documents; any differences or variation in the character, quality, quantity, condition, packing, value or delivery of any goods from that expressed in any Documents; the form, validity, sufficiency, accuracy, genuineness or legal effect of any Documents or of any endorsements thereon; the time, place, manner or order in which shipment of goods is made; partial or incomplete shipment of, or failure to ship, any goods referred to in a Canadian Letter of Credit or Documents; any deviation from instructions, delay, default or fraud by any shipper or other Person in connection with any goods, shipment or delivery; any breach of contract between a shipper or vendor and the Canadian Borrower; errors, omissions, interruptions or delays in transmission or delivery of any messages, by mail, cable, telegraph, telex, telecopy, e-mail, telephone or otherwise; errors in interpretation of technical terms; the misapplication by a beneficiary of any Canadian Letter of Credit or the proceeds thereof; or any consequences arising from causes beyond the control of Canadian Issuing Bank, Agent or any Canadian Lender, including any act or omission of a Governmental Authority. The rights and remedies of Canadian Issuing Bank under the Loan Documents shall be cumulative. Canadian Issuing Bank shall be fully subrogated to the rights and remedies of each beneficiary whose claims against the Canadian Borrower are discharged with proceeds of any Canadian Letter of Credit issued for the account of the Canadian Borrower.
(d)    In connection with its administration of and enforcement of rights or remedies under any Letters of Credit or LC Documents, Canadian Issuing Bank shall be entitled to act, and shall be fully protected in acting, upon any certification, documentation or communication in whatever form believed by Canadian Issuing Bank, in good faith, to be genuine and correct and to have been signed, sent or made by a proper Person. Canadian Issuing Bank may consult with and employ legal counsel, accountants and other experts to advise it concerning its obligations, rights and remedies, and shall be entitled to act upon, and shall be fully protected in any action taken in good faith reliance upon, any advice given by such experts. Canadian Issuing Bank may employ agents and attorneys-in-fact in connection with any matter relating to Letters of Credit or LC Documents, and shall not be liable for the negligence or misconduct of agents and attorneys-in-fact selected with reasonable care.
(e)    If the Canadian Borrower so requests in any applicable Letter of Credit application, Canadian Issuing Bank may, in its discretion, agree to issue a Letter of Credit that has automatic extension provisions (each, a “Canadian Auto-Extension Letter of Credit”); provided that any such Canadian Auto-Extension Letter of Credit must permit Canadian Issuing Bank to prevent any such extension at least once in each twelve-month period (commencing with the date of issuance of such Letter of Credit) by giving prior notice to the beneficiary thereof not later than a day (the “Canadian Non-Extension Notice Date”) in each such twelve-month period to be agreed upon at the time such Letter of Credit is issued. Unless otherwise directed by Canadian Issuing Bank, the Canadian Borrower shall not be required to make a specific request to the Issuing Bank for any such extension. Once a Canadian Auto-Extension Letter of Credit has been issued, the Canadian Lenders shall be deemed to

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have authorized (but may not require) Canadian Issuing Bank to permit the extension of such Letter of Credit at any time to an expiry date at least 15 Business Days prior to the Facility Termination Date; provided, however, that Canadian Issuing Bank shall not permit any such extension if (A) Canadian Issuing Bank has determined that it would not be permitted, or would have no obligation at such time to issue such Letter of Credit in its revised form (as extended) under the terms hereof, or (B) it has received notice (which may be by telephone or in writing) on or before the day that is seven Business Days before the Canadian Non-Extension Notice Date (1) from Agent that the Required Lenders have elected not to permit such extension or (2) from Agent, any Lender or the Canadian Borrower that one or more of the applicable conditions specified in Section 6.2 is not then satisfied, and in each such case directing Canadian Issuing Bank not to permit such extension.
2.3.2    Canadian Letters of Credit: Reimbursement and Participations.
(a)    If Canadian Issuing Bank honors any request for payment under a Canadian Letter of Credit, the Canadian Borrower shall pay to Canadian Issuing Bank, on the same day (“Canadian Reimbursement Date”), the amount paid by Canadian Issuing Bank under such Canadian Letter of Credit, together with interest at the interest rate for Canadian Base Rate Loans from the Canadian Reimbursement Date until payment by the Canadian Borrower. The obligation of the Canadian Borrower to reimburse Canadian Issuing Bank for any payment made under a Canadian Letter of Credit shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, and shall be paid without regard to any lack of validity or enforceability of any Canadian Letter of Credit or the existence of any claim, setoff, defense or other right that the Canadian Borrower or the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties may have at any time against the beneficiary. Whether or not Loan Party Agent submits a Notice of Borrowing, the Canadian Borrower shall be deemed to have requested a Borrowing of Canadian Base Rate Loans in an amount necessary to pay all amounts due Canadian Issuing Bank on any Canadian Reimbursement Date and each Canadian Lender agrees to fund its Pro Rata share of such Borrowing whether or not the Canadian Revolver Commitments have terminated, any Canadian Overadvance exists or is created thereby, or the conditions in Section 6 are satisfied.
(b)    Upon issuance of a Canadian Letter of Credit, each Canadian Lender shall be deemed to have irrevocably and unconditionally purchased from Canadian Issuing Bank, without recourse or warranty, an undivided Pro Rata interest and participation in all Canadian LC Obligations (excluding amounts specified in clause (c) of such definition) relating to such Canadian Letter of Credit. If Canadian Issuing Bank makes any payment under a Canadian Letter of Credit for the account of the Canadian Borrower and the Canadian Borrower does not reimburse such payment on the Canadian Reimbursement Date, Agent shall promptly notify Canadian Lenders and each Canadian Lender shall promptly (within one (1) Business Day) and unconditionally pay to Agent, for the benefit of Canadian Issuing Bank, such Canadian Lender’s Pro Rata share of such payment. Upon request by a Canadian Lender, Canadian Issuing Bank shall furnish copies of any Letters of Credit and LC Documents in its possession at such time.
(c)    The obligation of each Canadian Lender to make payments to Agent for the account of Canadian Issuing Bank in connection with Canadian Issuing Bank’s payment under a Canadian Letter of Credit shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, not subject to any counterclaim, setoff, qualification or exception whatsoever, and shall be made in accordance with this Agreement under all circumstances, irrespective of any lack of validity or unenforceability of any Loan Documents; any draft, certificate or other document presented under a Canadian Letter of Credit having been determined to be forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or

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inaccurate in any respect; or the existence of any setoff or defense that any Loan Party may have with respect to any Obligations. Canadian Issuing Bank does not assume any responsibility for any failure or delay in performance or any breach by the Canadian Borrower or any other Person of any obligations under any LC Documents. Canadian Issuing Bank does not make to Canadian Lenders any express or implied warranty, representation or guarantee with respect to the Canadian Facility Collateral, LC Documents or any Canadian Facility Loan Party. Canadian Issuing Bank shall not be responsible to any Canadian Lender for any recitals, statements, information, representations or warranties contained in, or for the execution, validity, genuineness, effectiveness or enforceability of any LC Documents; the validity, genuineness, enforceability, collectability, value or sufficiency of any Canadian Facility Collateral or the perfection of any Lien therein; or the assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, business, creditworthiness or legal status of any Canadian Facility Loan Party.
(d)    No Issuing Bank Indemnitee shall be liable to any Loan Party or other Person for any action taken or omitted to be taken in connection with any Canadian Letter of Credit or LC Documents except as a result of Canadian Issuing Bank’s gross negligence or willful misconduct, as determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction. Canadian Issuing Bank may refrain from taking any action with respect to a Canadian Letter of Credit until it receives written instructions from Required Facility Lenders of the Canadian Borrower.

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2.3.3    Cash Collateral. If any Canadian LC Obligations, whether or not then due or payable, shall for any reason be outstanding at any time (a) that an Event of Default exists, (b) that a Canadian Overadvance exists, (c) after the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date, or (d) within 20 Business Days prior to the Facility Termination Date, then the Canadian Borrower shall, at Canadian Issuing Bank’s or Agent’s request, Cash Collateralize the stated amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of Canadian Borrower and pay to Canadian Issuing Bank the amount of all other Canadian LC Obligations. The Canadian Borrower shall, on demand by Canadian Issuing Bank or Agent from time to time, Cash Collateralize the Fronting Exposure of any Defaulting Lender that is a Canadian Lender. If the Canadian Borrower fails to provide any Cash Collateral as required hereunder, Canadian Lenders may (and shall upon direction of Agent) advance, as Canadian Revolver Loans, the amount of the Cash Collateral required (whether or not the Canadian Revolver Commitments have terminated, any Canadian Overadvance exists or is created thereby or the conditions in Section 6 are satisfied).
2.3.4    Resignation of Canadian Issuing Bank. Canadian Issuing Bank may resign at any time upon notice to Agent and Loan Party Agent. On and after the effective date of such resignation, Canadian Issuing Bank shall have no obligation to issue, amend, renew, extend or otherwise modify any Canadian Letter of Credit, but shall continue to have all rights and other obligations of a Canadian Issuing Bank hereunder relating to any Canadian Letter of Credit issued by it prior to such date. Agent shall promptly appoint a replacement Canadian Issuing Bank, which, as long as no Default or Event of Default exists, shall be reasonably acceptable to Loan Party Agent.
2.4    FILO Credit Facility
(a)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, so long as no Default or Event of Default exists or would immediately result therefrom, at any time after the Third Restatement Date, the Loan Party Agent may request a separate “first-in, last out” credit facility provided by one or more Lenders or other Eligible Assignees as agree to hold “first-in, last out” commitments (the “FILO Lenders”) that are subject to a separate “first-in, last out” incremental borrowing base (collectively, the “FILO Credit Facility”), which FILO Credit Facility, subject to Section 5.5 (as amended in accordance with Section 2.4(b)(i)), shall constitute U.S./European Facility Obligations (and Obligations) for all purposes under the Loan Documents (including for the purposes of being secured by the applicable Collateral and being guaranteed by the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties). The Agent shall promptly notify the Lenders of each such request and the Lenders shall respond thereto in the same manner specified for any Commitment increase requests in Section 2.1.4. The Agent shall notify Lenders and Loan Party Agent of the responses to such request and any actions to arrange for other Eligible Assignees to serve as FILO Lenders in the same manner specified for commitment increases in Section 2.1.4. Any FILO Lender participating in the FILO Credit Facility which is not then a Lender (or an Affiliate of such Lender engaged in the ordinary course of its business in extending commercial loans) shall be subject to the prior approval of the Agent and the Loan Party Agent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).
(b)    Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the FILO Credit Facility shall be established in accordance with the following terms and conditions:

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(i)    the establishment thereof shall result in an amendment of the payment waterfall in Section 5.5.1(a) (without the requirement of the consent of the Lenders under Section 14.1.1) to include payment of accrued and unpaid interest of U.S./European Facility Obligations under the FILO Credit Facility as a new clause “seventh” and unpaid payment of principal of U.S./European Facility Obligations under the FILO Credit Facility as a new clause “eighth”, and renumbering the existing clauses “seventh”, “eighth”, “ninth”, and “tenth” as clauses “ninth”, “tenth”, “eleventh”, and “twelfth”, respectively;
(ii)    subject to other express limitations set forth in this Section 2.4 the FILO Credit Facility shall be on terms and conditions as determined by the Loan Party Agent, the Agent and the FILO Lenders, it being understood and agreed that such terms and conditions may include, without limitation, FILO Credit Facility-specific borrowing base, advance rate (including seasonal or fluctuating advance rates), eligibility criteria, availability reserves (including reserves implemented against the Borrowing Base with respect to obligations owing to the FILO Lenders), representations, warranties, covenants and Events of Default, interest rates, fees, final maturity date, amortization, mandatory and voluntary prepayment and commitment termination provision as to the FILO Credit Facility and Section 8.2 or any other provision of the Loan Documents related to cash dominion, and amendment and waiver provisions (including modifications to Section 14.1.1 to provide for customary or market provisions in favor of the FILO Lenders, which may include voting rights in favor of the FILO Lenders relating to modifications of the Borrowing Base that would affect the FILO Credit Facility or the FILO Lenders) in respect of or relating to the FILO Credit Facility and other customary or market terms and conditions for asset-based “first in, last out” credit facilities of this nature. Further, if the Loan Party Agent requests that some or all of the FILO Credit Facility constitute Canadian Facility Obligations supported by Canadian Borrowing Base assets, the Agent agrees to consult with the Loan Party Agent as to whether such structure could be documented and arranged without unreasonable cost or delay, and in such case, the parties agree that the Agent, Loan Party Agent and Canadian Borrower may agree to any necessary implementing amendment or other modification to the applicable Loan Documents as may be necessary for such structure including without limitation, amendments to the payment waterfall set forth in Section 5.5.1(b) consistent with those contemplated by clause (i) above
(iii)    the advance rates in respect of the incremental borrowing base under FILO Credit Facility shall not exceed (a)five percent (5.0%) on Eligible Accounts; (b) ten percent (10%) on Eligible Inventory; and (c) zero percent (0%) on Eligible Tooling Accounts;
(iv)    the arrangement of the FILO Credit Facility, and any upfront, underwriting, arrangement or similar fees in respect of the FILO Credit Facility, shall be agreed to by Loan Party Agent, Agent, and the FILO Lenders;
(v)    the FILO Credit Facility shall be subject to terms and closing conditions as may be determined by the Agent and the Collateral Agent, the FILO Lenders and the Loan Party Agent, which in any event shall include a post-closing covenant requiring delivery of an Inventory appraisal within twelve (12) months of the closing date of the FILO Credit Facility to the extent that Eligible Inventory is to be included in the borrowing base under such FILO Credit Facility;

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(vi)    the FILO Credit Facility shall be subject to the condition precedent that (i) no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing immediately before or after giving effect thereto and (ii) the FILO Lenders not party to the Reallocation Agreement as of the Third Restatement Date shall have executed a joinder to the Reallocation Agreement in form and substance acceptable to Agent;
(vii)    the aggregate amount of the FILO Credit Facility commitments under the FILO Credit Facility (x) shall not exceed $20,000,000 and (y) (i) the aggregate amount of the FILO Credit Facility commitments under the FILO Credit Facility, plus (ii) the aggregate amount of increased commitments provided from time to time in accordance with Section 2.1.4, shall not exceed, at any time outstanding, $100,000,000;
(viii)    all documentation in respect of the FILO Credit Facility shall be consistent with the foregoing and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and the FILO Credit Facility Lenders, and the FILO Credit Facility Amendment shall have been approved by the Agent; and
(ix)    Borrowers shall not be required to offer any Lender an opportunity to join the FILO Credit Facility as a FILO Lender.

(c)    Notwithstanding anything in Section 14.1.1 or any other provision of the Loan Documents to the contrary, the Lenders hereby irrevocably authorize the Agent and Collateral Agent to enter into amendments, restatements or other supplements or modifications to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents with the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties and the FILO Lenders as may be necessary or desirable in order to establish the FILO Credit Facility, in each case on terms consistent with this Section 2.4 (“FILO Credit Facility Amendment”) without the consent or approval of any Lenders (other than the Lenders participating in the FILO Credit Facility). The Lenders hereby consent to the FILO Credit Facility and other transactions contemplated by this Section 2.4 (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the terms and condition illustrated in clause (b) above) and hereby waive the requirements of any provision of this Agreement (including, without limitation, any pro rata payment section or amendment or waiver section) or any other Loan Document that may otherwise prohibit or restrict the FILO Credit Facility, the FILO Credit Facility Amendment or any other transaction contemplated by this Section 2.4. Each of the Agent and the Collateral Agent shall have the right (but not the obligation) to consult with the Required Lenders with respect to the FILO Credit Facility and any matter contemplated by this Section 2.4; provided, however, that whether or not there has been any consultation with the Required Lenders by the Agent or the Collateral Agent with respect to a FILO Credit Facility, any such FILO Credit Facility Amendment entered into by the Agent and/or the Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 2.4 shall be binding and conclusive on the Lenders in all respects.

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SECTION 3. INTEREST, FEES AND CHARGES
3.1    Interest.
3.1.1    Rates and Payment of Interest.
(a)    The Obligations (excluding Obligations of the type specified in clause (g) of such definition) shall bear interest (i) if a U.S. Base Rate Loan, at the U.S. Base Rate in effect from time to time, plus the Applicable Margin; (ii) if a LIBOR Loan, at LIBOR for the applicable Interest Period, plus the Applicable Margin; (iii) if a Canadian Prime Rate Loan, at the Canadian Prime Rate in effect from time to time, plus the Applicable Margin, (iv) if a Canadian Base Rate Loan, at the Canadian Base Rate in effect from time to time, plus the Applicable Margin, (v) if a Canadian BA Rate Loan, at the Canadian BA Rate for the applicable Interest Period, plus the Applicable Margin, (vi) if any other U.S. Facility Obligation that is then due and payable (including, to the extent permitted by law, interest not paid when due), at the U.S. Base Rate in effect from time to time, plus the Applicable Margin for U.S. Base Rate Loans; (vii) if any other European Facility Obligation that is then due and payable (including, to the extent permitted by law, interest not paid when due), at LIBOR in effect at such time, plus the Applicable Margin for LIBOR Revolver Loans; and (viii) if any other Canadian Facility Obligation that is then due and payable (including, to the extent permitted by law, interest not paid when due), at the Canadian Prime Rate in effect from time to time, plus the Applicable Margin for Canadian Prime Rate Loans. Interest shall accrue from the date the Loan is advanced or the Obligation is incurred or payable, until paid by the applicable Borrower. If a Loan is repaid on the same day made, one (1) day’s interest shall accrue.
(b)    Interest on the Revolver Loans shall be payable in the currency (i.e., Dollars, Canadian Dollars or Euros, as the case may be) of the underlying Revolver Loan.
(c)    Overdue principal, interest and other amounts not paid when due shall bear interest at the Default Rate; provided, however, that during the continuation of any Event of Default, if Required Lenders in their discretion so elect, all Obligations shall bear interest at the Default Rate (whether before or after any judgment); provided further, however, that upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default under Section 11.1(a) or 11.1(i), the Default Rate shall become immediately applicable to all Obligations without any election of the Required Lenders. Each Loan Party acknowledges that the cost and expense to Agent and Lenders due to an Event of Default are difficult to ascertain and that the Default Rate is a fair and reasonable estimate to compensate Agent and Lenders therefor.
(d)    Interest accrued on the Loans shall be due and payable in arrears, (i) for any U.S. Base Rate Loan, Canadian Base Rate Loan or Canadian Prime Rate Loan, on the first (1st) day of each month; (ii) for any LIBOR Loan or Canadian BA Rate Loan, on the last day of its Interest Period and (iii) on any date of prepayment, with respect to the principal amount of Loans being prepaid. In addition, interest accrued on the Canadian Revolver Loans shall be due and payable in arrears on the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date and interest accrued on the U.S./European Revolver Loans shall be due and payable in arrears on the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date. Interest accrued on any other Obligations shall be due and payable as provided in the Loan Documents and, if no payment date is specified, shall be due and payable on demand. Notwithstanding the foregoing, interest accrued at the Default Rate shall be due and payable on demand.

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3.1.2    Application of LIBOR to Outstanding Loans.
(a)    Each Borrower may on any Business Day, subject to delivery of a Notice of Conversion/Continuation and the other terms hereof, elect to convert any portion of the U.S. Base Rate Loans or the Canadian Base Rate Loans, as applicable to, or to continue any LIBOR Loan at the end of its Interest Period as, a LIBOR Loan. During the continuance of any Event of Default, Agent may (and shall at the direction of Required Facility Lenders of the applicable Borrower) declare that no Loan may be made, converted or continued as a LIBOR Loan.
(b)    Whenever a Borrower shall desire to convert or continue Loans as LIBOR Loans, Loan Party Agent shall give Agent a Notice of Conversion/Continuation, no later than 11:00 a.m. at least three (3) Business Days prior to the requested conversion or continuation date. Promptly after receiving any such notice, Agent shall notify each Applicable Lender thereof. Each Notice of Conversion/Continuation shall be irrevocable, and shall specify the amount of Loans to be converted or continued, the conversion or continuation date (which shall be a Business Day), and the duration of the Interest Period (which shall be deemed to be one (1) month if not specified). If, upon the expiration of any Interest Period in respect of any LIBOR Loans, Loan Party Agent shall have failed to deliver a Notice of Conversion/Continuation with respect thereto as required above, the applicable Borrower shall be deemed to have elected to convert such Loans into U.S. Base Rate Loans (if owing by the U.S. Borrower) or Canadian Base Rate Loans (if owing by the Canadian Borrower).
3.1.3    Application of Canadian BA Rate to Outstanding Loans.
(a)    The Canadian Borrower may on any Business Day, subject to delivery of a Notice of Conversion/Continuation and the other terms hereof, elect to convert any portion of the Canadian Prime Rate Loans, or to continue any Canadian BA Rate Loan at the end of its Interest Period as a Canadian BA Rate Loan; provided, however that such Canadian BA Rate Loans may only be so converted at the end of the Interest Period applicable thereto. During the continuance of any Default or Event of Default, Agent may (and shall at the direction of Required Facility Lenders of the Canadian Borrower) declare that no Loan may be made, converted or continued as a Canadian BA Rate Loan.
(b)    Whenever the Canadian Borrower desires to convert or continue Loans as Canadian BA Rate Loans, Loan Party Agent shall give Agent a Notice of Conversion/Continuation, no later than 11:00 a.m. at least three (3) Business Days prior to the requested conversion or continuation date. Promptly after receiving any such notice, Agent shall notify each Canadian Lender thereof. Each Notice of Conversion/Continuation shall be irrevocable, and shall specify the amount of Loans to be converted or continued, the conversion or continuation date (which shall be a Business Day), and the duration of the Interest Period (which shall be deemed to be one (1) month if not specified). If, upon the expiration of any Interest Period in respect of any Canadian BA Rate Loans, Loan Party Agent shall have failed to deliver a Notice of Conversion/Continuation with respect thereto as required above, the Canadian Borrower shall be deemed to have elected to convert such Loans into Canadian Prime Rate Loans.
3.1.4    Interest Periods. In connection with the making, conversion or continuation of any LIBOR Loans or Canadian BA Rate Loans, Loan Party Agent, on behalf of the applicable Borrower, shall select an interest period to apply (the “Interest Period”), which interest period shall be thirty (30), sixty (60) or ninety (90) days; provided, however, that:

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(a)    the Interest Period shall commence on the date the Loan is made or continued as, or converted into, a LIBOR Loan or Canadian BA Rate Loan, and shall expire on the numerically corresponding day in the calendar month at its end;
(b)    if any Interest Period commences on a day for which there is no corresponding day in the calendar month at its end or if such corresponding day falls after the last Business Day of such month, then the Interest Period shall expire on the last Business Day of such month;
(c)    if any Interest Period would expire on a day that is not a Business Day, the period shall expire on the next Business Day; and
(d)    no Interest Period shall extend beyond the Facility Termination Date (or, in the case of any Loan owing by the Canadian Borrower, the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date, if earlier).
3.1.5    Interest Rate Not Ascertainable. If Agent shall determine that on any date for determining LIBOR, due to any circumstance affecting the London interbank market, adequate and fair means do not exist for ascertaining such rate on the basis provided herein, then Agent shall immediately notify Borrower of such determination. Until Agent notifies Borrower that such circumstance no longer exists, the obligation of Lenders to make LIBOR Loans shall be suspended, and no further Loans may be converted into or continued as LIBOR Loans.
3.2    Fees.
3.2.1    Unused Line Fee.
(a)    The Canadian Borrower shall pay to Agent, for the Pro Rata benefit of Canadian Lenders, a fee equal to the Canadian Unused Line Fee Rate times the average daily amount by which the Canadian Revolver Commitments exceed the Canadian Revolver Exposure during any month. Such fee shall be payable in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month and on the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date.
(b)    The U.S. Borrower shall pay to Agent, for the Pro Rata benefit of U.S. Lenders, an aggregate fee equal to the U.S./European Unused Line Fee Rate times the average daily amount by which the U.S./European Revolver Commitments exceed the sum of (i) the U.S. Revolver Exposure plus (ii) the European Revolver Exposure during any month. Such fee shall be payable in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month and on the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date.

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3.2.2    U.S. LC Facility Fees. The U.S. Borrower shall pay (a) to Agent, for the Pro Rata benefit of U.S. Lenders, a fee equal to the per annum rate of the Applicable Margin in effect for LIBOR Loans times the average daily outstanding amount of U.S. Letters of Credit, which fee shall be payable monthly in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month; (b) to the applicable U.S. Issuing Bank, for its own account, a fronting fee equal to .125% per annum on the outstanding amount of each U.S. Letter of Credit issued by such U.S. Issuing Bank, which fee shall be payable monthly in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month; and (c) to the applicable U.S. Issuing Bank, for its own account, all customary charges associated with the issuance, amending, negotiating, payment, processing, transfer and administration of U.S. Letters of Credit, which charges shall be paid as and when incurred; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, all amounts payable pursuant to this clause (c) with respect to the Existing Letters of Credit shall be determined in accordance with the applicable documentation thereto. During an Event of Default, if the Required Lenders so elect (pursuant to Section 3.1.1(c)) the fee payable under clause (a) shall be increased by 2% per annum.
3.2.3    European LC Facility Fees. The European Borrower shall pay (a) to Agent, for the Pro Rata benefit of U.S. Lenders, a fee equal to the per annum rate of the Applicable Margin in effect for LIBOR Loans times the average daily outstanding amount of European Letters of Credit, which fee shall be payable monthly in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month; (b) to the applicable U.S. Issuing Bank, for its own account, a fronting fee equal to 0.125% per annum on the outstanding amount of each European Letter of Credit issued by such U.S. Issuing Bank, which fee shall be payable monthly in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month; and (c) to the applicable U.S. Issuing Bank, for its own account, all customary charges associated with the issuance, amending, negotiating, payment, processing, transfer and administration of U.S. Letters of Credit, which charges shall be paid as and when incurred During an Event of Default, if the Required Lenders so elect (pursuant to Section 3.1.1(c)) the fee payable under clause (a) shall be increased by 2% per annum.
3.2.4    Canadian LC Facility Fees. The Canadian Borrower shall pay (a) to Agent, for the Pro Rata benefit of Canadian Lenders, a fee equal to the per annum rate of the Applicable Margin in effect for LIBOR Loans times the average daily outstanding amount of Canadian Letters of Credit, which fee shall be payable monthly in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month; (b) to the applicable Canadian Issuing Bank, for its own account, a fronting fee equal to 0.125% per annum on the outstanding amount of each Canadian Letter of Credit issued by such Canadian Issuing Bank, which fee shall be payable monthly in arrears, on the first (1st) day of each month; and (c) to the applicable Canadian Issuing Bank, for its own account, all customary charges associated with the issuance, amending, negotiating, payment, processing, transfer and administration of Canadian Letters of Credit, which charges shall be paid as and when incurred. During an Event of Default if the Required Lenders so elect (pursuant to Section 3.1.1(c)), the fee payable under clause (a) shall be increased by 2% per annum.
3.2.5    Other Fees. The Borrowers shall pay such other fees as described in the Agent Fee Letter and the Joint Fee Letter.
3.3    Computation of Interest, Fees, Yield Protection. All interest, as well as fees and other charges calculated on a per annum basis, shall be computed for the actual days elapsed, based on a year of three hundred sixty (360) days, or, in the case of interest based on the Canadian Prime Rate, Canadian Base Rate or Canadian BA Rate, on the basis of a three hundred sixty fivesixty-five (365) day year. Each determination by Agent of any interest, fees or interest rate hereunder shall be final, conclusive and binding for all purposes, absent manifest error. All fees shall be fully earned when due and shall not be

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subject to rebate, refund or proration. All fees payable under Section 3.2 are compensation for services and are not, and shall not be deemed to be, interest or any other charge for the use, forbearance or detention of money. A certificate setting forth in reasonable detail amounts payable by any Borrower under Section 3.4, 3.7, 3.9, 5.8.2, 5.8.3 or 10.1.9(b), submitted to Loan Party Agent by Agent or the affected Lender or affected Issuing Bank, as applicable, shall be final, conclusive and binding for all purposes, absent manifest error, and the applicable Borrower shall pay such amounts to the appropriate party within ten (10) days following receipt of the certificate. For the purposes of the Interest Act (Canada), the yearly rate of interest to which any rate calculated on the basis of a period of time different from the actual number of days in the year (three hundred sixty (360) days, for example) is equivalent is the stated rate multiplied by the actual number of days in the year (three hundred sixty five (365) or three hundred sixty six (366), as applicable) and divided by the number of days in the shorter period (three hundred sixty (360) days, in the example), and the parties hereto acknowledge that there is a material distinction between the nominal and effective rates of interest and that they are capable of making the calculations necessary to compare such rates and that the calculations herein are to be made using the nominal rate method and not on any basis that gives effect to the principle of deemed reinvestment of interest.
3.4    Reimbursement Obligations. Each Borrower shall reimburse Agent for all Extraordinary Expenses incurred by Agent in reference to such Borrower or its related Loan Party Group Obligations or Collateral of its related Loan Party Group. In addition to such Extraordinary Expenses, each Borrower shall also reimburse Agent for all invoiced out-of-pocket legal, accounting, appraisal, consulting, and other fees, costs and expenses incurred by it in connection with (a) negotiation and preparation of any Loan Documents, including any amendment or other modification thereof; (b) administration of and actions relating to any Collateral for its Obligations, Loan Documents and transactions contemplated thereby, including any actions taken to perfect or maintain priority of Agent’s Liens on any such Collateral, to maintain any insurance required hereunder or to verify such Collateral; and (c) each inspection, audit or appraisal with respect to any Loan Party within such Borrower’s related Loan Party Group or Collateral securing such Loan Party Group’s Obligations, whether prepared by Agent’s personnel or a third party (subject to Section 10.1.9(b)). If, for any reason (including inaccurate reporting on financial statements or a Compliance Certificate), it is determined that a higher Applicable Margin should have applied to a period than was actually applied, then the proper margin shall be applied retroactively and the Borrowers shall pay to Agent, for the Pro Rata benefit of Lenders, an amount equal to the difference between the amount of interest and fees that would have accrued using the proper margin and the amount actually paid. All amounts payable by the Borrowers under this Section 3.4 shall be due and payable in accordance with Section 3.3.
3.5    Illegality. If any Lender determines that any applicable Law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for any Lender or its applicable Lending Office to make, maintain or fund Interest Period Loans, or to determine or charge interest rates based upon LIBOR or the Canadian BA Rate, or any Governmental Authority has imposed material restrictions on the authority of such Lender to purchase or sell, or to take deposits of, Dollars in the London interbank market, or Canadian Dollars through bankers’ acceptances then, on notice thereof by such Lender to Agent, any obligation of such Lender to make or continue Interest Period Loans or to convert Floating Rate Loans to Interest Period Loans shall be suspended until such Lender notifies Agent that the circumstances giving rise to such determination no longer exist. Upon delivery of such notice, the affected Borrower shall prepay or, if applicable, convert all Interest Period Loans of such Lender to Floating Rate Loans, either on the last day of the Interest Period therefor, if such Lender may lawfully continue to maintain such Interest Period Loans to such day, or immediately, if such Lender

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may not lawfully continue to maintain such Interest Period Loans. Upon any such prepayment or conversion, the affected Borrower shall also pay accrued interest on the amount so prepaid or converted.
3.6    Inability to Determine Rates. If Required Lenders notify Agent for any reason in connection with a request for a Borrowing of, or conversion to or continuation of, an Interest Period Loan that (a) Dollar deposits or bankers’ acceptances are not being offered to, as regards LIBOR, banks in the London interbank Eurodollar market or, as regards Canadian BA Rate, Persons in Canada, for the applicable amount and Interest Period of such Loan, (b) adequate and reasonable means do not exist for determining LIBOR or the Canadian BA Rate for the requested Interest Period, or (c) LIBOR or the Canadian BA Rate for the requested Interest Period does not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders of funding such Loan, then Agent will promptly so notify Loan Party Agent and each Applicable Lender. Thereafter, the obligation of the Applicable Lenders to make or maintain affected Interest Period Loans, shall be suspended until Agent (upon instruction by Required Lenders) revokes such notice. Upon receipt of such notice, Loan Party Agent may revoke any pending request for a Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of an Interest Period Loan or, failing that, will be deemed to have submitted a request for a Floating Rate Loan.
3.7    Increased Costs; Capital Adequacy.
3.7.1    Change in Law. If any Change in Law shall:
(a)    impose modify or deem applicable any reserve, liquidity, special deposit, compulsory loan, insurance charge or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended or participated in by, any Lender (except any reserve requirement reflected in LIBOR or the Canadian BA Rate) or any Issuing Bank;
(b)    subject any Recipient to any Taxes (other than (A) Indemnified Taxes, (B) Taxes described in the definition of Excluded Taxes and (C) Connection Income Taxes) with respect to or on its loans, loan principal, letters of credit, commitments, or other obligations, or its deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto; or
(c)    impose on any Lender, any Issuing Bank or interbank market any other condition, cost or expense affecting any Loan, Loan Document, Letter of Credit, participation in LC Obligations, or Commitment;
and the result thereof shall be to increase the cost to such Lender of making or maintaining any Loan or Commitment, or to increase the cost to such Lender or such Issuing Bank of participating in, issuing or maintaining any Letter of Credit, or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by such Lender or such Issuing Bank hereunder (whether of principal, interest or any other amount) then, upon request of such Lender or such Issuing Bank, the Borrower to which such Lenders or such Issuing Bank has a Commitment shall pay to such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as applicable, such additional amount

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or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as applicable, for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered, in each case, in accordance with Section 3.3.
3.7.2    Capital Adequacy. If any Lender or any Issuing Bank determines that any Change in Law affecting such Lender or such Issuing Bank or any Lending Office of such Lender or such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s holding company, if any, regarding capital or liquidity requirements has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s, such Issuing Bank’s or holding company’s capital as a consequence of this Agreement, or such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s Commitments, Loans, Letters of Credit or participations in LC Obligations, to a level below that which such Lender, such Issuing Bank or holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration such Lender’s, such Issuing Bank’s and holding company’s policies with respect to capital adequacy or liquidity), then from time to time the Borrower to which such Lenders or such Issuing Bank has a Commitment will pay to such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate it or its holding company for any such reduction suffered, in each case, in accordance with Section 3.3.
3.7.3    Compensation. Failure or delay on the part of any Lender or any Issuing Bank to demand compensation pursuant to this Section 3.7 shall not constitute a waiver of its right to demand such compensation, but a Borrower shall not be required to compensate a Lender to such Borrower or Issuing Bank to such Borrower for any increased costs incurred or reductions suffered more than nine (9) months prior to the date that such Lender or Issuing Bank notifies Loan Party Agent of the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions and of such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s intention to claim compensation therefor (except that, if the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the nine (9) month period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof).
3.7.4    LIBOR Loan Reserves. If any Lender is required by rules or regulations from any applicable Governmental Authority to maintain reserve requirements for Eurocurrency liabilities or deposits, Borrowers shall pay additional interest to such Lender on each LIBOR Loan equal to the costs of such reserves allocated to the Loan by the Lender (as determined by it in good faith, which determination shall be conclusive). At the request of the Borrowers, a certificate of such Lender setting forth the amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender for such reserves shall be delivered to the Borrower, which certificate shall be conclusive and binding on all parties, absent manifest error. The additional interest shall be due and payable on each interest payment date for the Loan; provided, that if the Lender notifies Borrowers (with a copy to Agent) of the additional interest less than 10 days prior to the interest payment date, then such interest shall be payable 10 days after Borrowers’ receipt of the notice.
3.8    Mitigation. If any Lender gives a notice under Section 3.5 or requests compensation under Section 3.7, or if a Borrower is required to pay additional amounts or make indemnity payments with respect to a Lender under Section 5.8, then such Lender shall use reasonable efforts to designate a different Lending Office or to assign its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or Affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender, such designation or assignment (a) would eliminate the need for such notice or reduce amounts payable or to be withheld in the future, as applicable; and (b) in each case, would not subject such Lender to any unreimbursed cost or expense and would not otherwise be materially disadvantageous to such Lender or unlawful. The affected Borrower shall pay all reasonable costs and expenses (including all Indemnified Taxes and Other Taxes) incurred

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by any Lender that has issued a Commitment to such Borrower in connection with any such designation or assignment.
3.9    Funding Losses. If for any reason (other than default by a Lender) (a) any Borrowing of, or conversion to or continuation of, an Interest Period Loan does not occur on the date specified therefor in a Notice of Borrowing or Notice of Conversion/Continuation (whether or not withdrawn), (b) any repayment or conversion of an Interest Period Loan occurs on a day other than the end of its Interest Period, (c) any Borrower fails to repay an Interest Period Loan when required hereunder, or (d) a Lender (other than a Defaulting Lender) is required to assign an Interest Period Loan prior to the end of its Interest Period pursuant to Section 13.4, then such Borrower shall pay to Agent its customary administrative charge and to each Lender all resulting losses and expenses, including loss of anticipated profits and any loss or expense arising from liquidation or redeployment of funds or from fees payable to terminate deposits of matching funds. All amounts payable by the Borrowers under this Section 3.9 shall be due and payable in accordance with Section 3.3. Lenders shall not be required to purchase Dollar deposits in any interbank offshore Dollar market to fund any LIBOR Loan, but this Section shall apply as if each Lender had purchased such deposits.
3.10    Maximum Interest. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any Loan Document, the interest paid or agreed to be paid under the Loan Documents shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable Law (“maximum rate”). If Agent or any Lender shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the maximum rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the principal of the Obligations of the Borrower to which such excess interest relates or, if it exceeds such unpaid principal, refunded to such Borrower. In determining whether the interest contracted for, charged or received by Agent or a Lender exceeds the maximum rate, such Person may, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, (a) characterize any payment that is not principal as an expense, fee or premium rather than interest; (b) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof; and (c) amortize, prorate, allocate and spread in equal or unequal parts the total amount of interest throughout the contemplated term of the Obligations hereunder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.10, if any provision of any of the Loan Documents would obligate any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party to make any payment of interest with respect to the Canadian Facility Obligations in an amount or calculated at a rate which would be prohibited by applicable Law or would result in the receipt of interest with respect to the Canadian Facility Obligations at a criminal rate (as such terms are construed under the Criminal Code (Canada)), then notwithstanding such provision, such amount or rates shall be deemed to have been adjusted with retroactive effect to the maximum amount or rate of interest, as the case may be, as would not be so prohibited by law or so result in a receipt by the applicable recipient of interest with respect to the Canadian Facility Obligations at a criminal rate, such adjustment to be effected, to the extent necessary, as follows: (i) first, by reducing the amount or rates of interest required to be paid by the Canadian Facility Loan Parties to the applicable recipient under the Loan Documents; and (ii) thereafter, by reducing any fees, commissions, premiums and other amounts required to be paid by the Canadian Facility Loan Parties to the applicable recipient which would constitute interest with respect to the Canadian Facility Obligations for purposes of Section 347 of the Criminal Code (Canada). Notwithstanding the foregoing, and after giving effect to all adjustments contemplated thereby, if the applicable recipient shall have received an amount in excess of the maximum permitted by that section of the Criminal Code (Canada), then Canadian Facility Loan Parties shall be entitled, by notice in writing to Agent, to obtain reimbursement from the applicable recipient in an amount equal to such excess, and pending such reimbursement, such amount shall be deemed to be an amount payable by the applicable recipient to the applicable Canadian Facility Loan Party. Any amount or rate of interest with respect to the Canadian Facility Obligations referred to in this

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Section 3.10 shall be determined in accordance with generally accepted actuarial practices and principles as an effective annual rate of interest over the term that any Canadian Revolver Loans to the Canadian Borrower remains outstanding on the assumption that any charges, fees or expenses that fall within the meaning of “interest” (as defined in the Criminal Code (Canada)) shall, if they relate to a specific period of time, be pro rated over that period of time and otherwise be pro rated over the period from the Third Restatement Date to the date of Full Payment of the Canadian Facility Obligations, and, in the event of a dispute, a certificate of a Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries appointed by Agent shall be conclusive for the purposes of such determination.
SECTION 4. LOAN ADMINISTRATION
4.1    Manner of Borrowing and Funding Loans.
4.1.1    Notice of Borrowing.
(a)    Whenever a Borrower desires funding of a Borrowing of Revolver Loans, Loan Party Agent shall give Agent a Notice of Borrowing. Such notice must be received by Agent (i) on the Business Day of the requested funding date, in the case of Floating Rate Loans to the U.S. Borrower, (ii) at least one (1) Business Day prior to the requested funding date, in the case of Floating Rate Loans to the Canadian Borrower, (iii) at least three (3) Business Days prior to the requested funding date, in the case of LIBOR Loans, and (iv) at least three (3) Business Days prior to the requested funding date, in the case of Canadian BA Rate Loans. Notices received after 11:00 a.m. shall be deemed received on the next Business Day. Each Notice of Borrowing shall be irrevocable and shall specify (A) the Borrower, and the amount of the Borrowing, (B) the requested funding date (which must be a Business Day), (C) whether the Borrowing is to be made as (x) a U.S. Base Rate Loan or a LIBOR Revolver Loan, in the case of the U.S. Borrower, (y) a Canadian Base Rate Loan, LIBOR Revolver Loan, Canadian Prime Rate Loan or Canadian BA Rate Loan, in the case of the Canadian Borrower or (z) a LIBOR Revolver Loan, in the case of the European Borrower, (D) in the case of Interest Period Loans, the duration of the applicable Interest Period (which shall be deemed to be one month if not specified), (E) if such Borrowing is requested for the U.S. Borrower, whether such Loan is to be denominated in Dollars or Euros and (F) if such Borrowing is requested for the Canadian Borrower, whether such Loan is to be denominated in Dollars or Canadian Dollars.
(b)    Unless payment is otherwise timely made by a Borrower, the becoming due of any amount required to be paid with respect to any of the Obligations of the Loan Party Group to which such Borrower belongs (whether principal, interest, fees or other charges, including Extraordinary Expenses, LC Obligations, Cash Collateral and Secured Bank Product Obligations) shall be deemed to be a request for Revolver Loans by such Borrower on the due date, in the amount of such Obligations and shall bear interest at the per annum rate applicable hereunder (i) to U.S. Base Rate Loans, in the case of such Obligations owing by any U.S. Facility Loan Party, (ii) to LIBOR Revolver Loans, in the case of such Obligations owing by the European Borrower or (iii) to Canadian Prime Rate Loans, in the case of such Obligations owing by a Canadian Domiciled Loan Party. The proceeds of such Revolver Loans shall be disbursed as direct payment of the relevant Obligation. In addition, Agent may, at its option, charge such Obligations of a Loan Party Group against any operating, investment or other account of a Loan Party within such Loan Party Group maintained with Agent or any of its Affiliates.

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(c)    If a Borrower establishes a controlled disbursement account with Bank of America or any branch or Affiliate of Bank of America, then the presentation for payment of any check or other item of payment drawn on such account at a time when there are insufficient funds to cover it shall be deemed to be a request for Revolver Loans by such Borrower on the date of such presentation, in the amount of the check and items presented for payment, and shall bear interest at the per annum rate applicable hereunder (i) to U.S. Base Rate Loans, in the case of insufficient funds owing by any U.S. Facility Loan Party, (ii) to LIBOR Revolver Loans, in the case of insufficient funds owing by the European Borrower or (iii) to Canadian Prime Rate Loans, in the case of insufficient funds owing by a Canadian Facility Loan Party. The proceeds of such Revolver Loans may be disbursed directly to the controlled disbursement account or other appropriate account.
4.1.2    Fundings by Lenders. Each Applicable Lender shall timely honor its Facility Commitment by funding its Pro Rata share of each Borrowing of Revolver Loans under such Facility Commitment that is properly requested hereunder; provided, however that, except as set forth in Section 2.1.5, no Lender shall be required to honor its Facility Commitment by funding its Pro Rata share of any Borrowing that would cause the U.S. Revolver Exposure to exceed the U.S./European Borrowing Base, the European Revolver Exposure to exceed the Maximum European Subline Amount or the Canadian Revolver Exposure to exceed the Canadian Borrowing Base, as applicable, or, with respect to the European Borrower, if the applicable Specified Transaction Conditions have not been satisfied with respect thereto. Except for Borrowings to be made as Swingline Loans, Agent shall use its commercially reasonable best efforts to notify the Applicable Lenders of each Notice of Borrowing (or deemed request for a Borrowing) by 12:00 noon on the proposed funding date for Floating Rate Loans or by 11:00 a.m. at least two (2) Business Days before any proposed funding of Interest Period Loans. Each Applicable Lender shall fund to Agent such Lender’s Pro Rata share of the Borrowing to the account specified by Agent in immediately available funds not later than 2:00 p.m. on the requested funding date, unless Agent’s notice is received after the times provided above, in which event each Applicable Lender shall fund its Pro Rata share by 11:00 a.m. on the next Business Day. Subject to its receipt of such amounts from the Applicable Lenders, Agent shall disburse the proceeds of the Revolver Loans as directed by Loan Party Agent. Unless Agent shall have received (in sufficient time to act) written notice from an Applicable Lender that it does not intend to fund its Pro Rata share of a Borrowing or of any settlement pursuant to Section 4.1.3(b), Agent may assume that such Applicable Lender has deposited or promptly will deposit its share with Agent, and Agent may disburse a corresponding amount to such Borrower. If an Applicable Lender’s share of any Borrowing is not received by Agent, then such Borrower agrees to repay to Agent on demand the amount of such share, together with interest thereon from the date disbursed until repaid, at the rate applicable to such Borrowing.

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4.1.3    Swingline Loans; Settlement.
(a)    Agent may, but shall not be obligated to, advance U.S. Swingline Loans to the U.S. Borrower up to an aggregate outstanding amount of $21,875,000, unless the funding is specifically required to be made by all U.S. Lenders hereunder. Each U.S. Swingline Loan shall constitute a U.S. Revolver Loan for all purposes, except that payments thereon shall be made to Agent for its own account. The obligation of the U.S. Borrower to repay U.S. Swingline Loans shall be evidenced by the records of Agent and need not be evidenced by any promissory note. All U.S. Swingline Loans shall be denominated in Dollars and shall be U.S. Base Rate Loans.
(b)    Settlement of U.S. Swingline Loans and other U.S./European Revolver Loans among the U.S. Lenders and Agent shall take place on a date determined from time to time by Agent (but at least weekly). On each settlement date, settlement shall be made with each U.S. Lender in accordance with the Settlement Report delivered by Agent to U.S. Lenders. Between settlement dates, Agent may in its discretion apply payments on U.S. Revolver Loans to U.S. Swingline Loans regardless of any designation by the U.S. Borrower or any provision herein to the contrary. Each U.S. Lender’s obligation to make settlements with Agent is absolute and unconditional, without offset, counterclaim or other defense, and whether or not the U.S./European Revolver Commitments have terminated, a U.S./European Overadvance exists or the conditions in Section 6 are satisfied. If, due to an Insolvency Proceeding with respect to the U.S. Borrower or otherwise, any U.S. Swingline Loan may not be settled among U.S. Lenders hereunder, then each U.S. Lender shall be deemed to have purchased from Agent a Pro Rata participation in each unpaid U.S. Swingline Loan and shall transfer the amount of such participation to Agent, in immediately available funds, within one (1) Business Day after Agent’s request therefor.
(c)    Agent may, but shall not be obligated to, request that Bank of America (Canada) advance Canadian Swingline Loans to the Canadian Borrower, up to an aggregate outstanding amount of the Dollar Equivalent of $3,125,000, unless the funding is specifically required to be made by all Canadian Lenders hereunder. Each Canadian Swingline Loan shall constitute a Canadian Revolver Loan for all purposes, except that payments thereon shall be made to Agent for Bank of America (Canada)’s account. The obligation of the Canadian Borrower to repay Canadian Swingline Loans shall be evidenced by the records of Agent and need not be evidenced by any promissory note. All Canadian Swingline Loans shall be denominated in Canadian Dollars and shall be a Canadian Prime Rate Loan.
(d)    Settlement of Canadian Swingline Loans and other Canadian Revolver Loans among the Canadian Lenders and Agent, on behalf of Bank of America (Canada) shall take place on a date determined from time to time by Agent (but at least weekly). On each settlement date, settlement shall be made with each Canadian Lender in accordance with the Settlement Report delivered by Agent to Canadian Lenders. Between settlement dates, Agent may in its discretion apply payments on Canadian Revolver Loans to Canadian Swingline Loans, regardless of any designation by the Canadian Borrower or any provision herein to the contrary. Each Canadian Lender’s obligation to make settlements with Agent, on behalf of Bank of America (Canada), is absolute and unconditional, without offset, counterclaim or other defense, and whether or not the Canadian Revolver Commitments have terminated, a Canadian Overadvance exists or the conditions in Section 6 are satisfied. If, due to an Insolvency Proceeding with respect to the Canadian Borrower or otherwise, any Canadian Swingline Loan may not be settled among Canadian Lenders hereunder, then each Canadian Lender shall be deemed to have purchased from Agent a Pro Rata participation in each unpaid Canadian Swingline Loan

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and shall transfer the amount of such participation to Agent, in immediately available funds, within one (1) Business Day after Agent’s request therefor.
4.1.4    Notices. Each Borrower authorizes Agent and Lenders to extend, convert or continue Loans, effect selections of interest rates, and transfer funds to or on behalf of applicable Borrowers based on telephonic or e-mailed instructions by Loan Party Agent to Agent. Loan Party Agent shall confirm each such request by prompt delivery to Agent of a Notice of Borrowing or Notice of Conversion/Continuation, if applicable, but if it differs in any material respect from the action taken by Agent or Lenders, the records of Agent and Lenders shall govern. Neither Agent nor any Lender shall have any liability for any loss suffered by a Borrower as a result of Agent or any Lender acting upon its understanding of telephonic or e-mailed instructions from a person believed in good faith by Agent or any Lender to be a person authorized to give such instructions on Loan Party Agent’s behalf.
4.2    Defaulting Lender.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary:
4.2.1    Reallocation of Pro Rata Share; Amendments. For purposes of determining Lenders’ obligations or rights to fund, participate in or receive collections with respect to Loans and Letters of Credit (including existing Swingline Loans, Protective Advances and LC Obligations), Agent may in its discretion reallocate Pro Rata shares by excluding the Commitments and Loans of a Defaulting Lender from the calculation of Pro Rata shares. A Defaulting Lender shall have no right to vote on any amendment, waiver or other modification of a Loan Document, except as provided in Section 14.1.1(c).
4.2.2    Payments; Fees. Agent may, in its discretion, receive and retain any amounts payable to a Defaulting Lender under the Loan Documents, and a Defaulting Lender shall be deemed to have assigned to Agent such amounts until all Obligations owing to Agent, non-Defaulting Lenders and other Secured Parties have been paid in full. Agent may use such amounts to cover the Defaulting Lender’s defaulted obligations, to Cash Collateralize such Lender’s Fronting Exposure, to readvance the amounts to Borrowers or to repay other Obligations. A Lender shall not be entitled to receive any fees accruing hereunder during the period in which it is a Defaulting Lender, and the unfunded portion of its Commitment shall be disregarded for purposes of calculating the unused line fee under Section 3.2.1 and Section 3.2.2. If any LC Obligations owing to a Defaulted Lender are reallocated to other Lenders, fees attributable to such LC Obligations under Section 3.2.3 and Section 3.2.4 shall be paid to such Lenders. Agent shall be paid all fees attributable to LC Obligations that are not reallocated.

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4.2.3    Status; Cure. Agent may determine in its discretion that a Lender constitutes a Defaulting Lender and the effective date of such status shall be conclusive and binding on all parties, absent manifest error. Borrowers, Agent and Issuing Bank may agree in writing that a Lender has ceased to be a Defaulting Lender, whereupon Pro Rata shares shall be reallocated without exclusion of the reinstated Lender’s Commitments and Loans, and all outstanding Revolver Loans, LC Obligations and other exposures under the Revolver Commitments shall be reallocated among Lenders and settled by Agent (with appropriate payments by the reinstated Lender, including its payment of breakage costs for reallocated LIBOR Loans) in accordance with the readjusted Pro Rata shares. Unless expressly agreed by Borrowers, Agent and Issuing Bank, no or as expressly provided herein with respect to Bail-In Actions and related matters, no reallocation of Commitments and Loans to non-Defaulting Lenders or reinstatement of a Defaulting Lender shall constitute a waiver or release of claims against such Lender. The failure of any Lender to fund a Loan, to make a payment in respect of LC Obligations or otherwise to perform obligations hereunder shall not relieve any other Lender of its obligations under any Loan Document, and no Lender shall be responsible for default by another Lender.
4.3    Number and Amount of Interest Period Loans; Determination of Rate. For ease of administration, all Interest Period Loans of the same Type to a Borrower having the same length and beginning date of their Interest Periods and the same currency shall be aggregated together, and such Loans shall be allocated among the Applicable Lenders on a Pro Rata basis. With respect to the U.S. Borrower, no more than six (6) Borrowings of LIBOR Loans may be outstanding at any time, and with respect to the European Borrower, no more than six (6) Borrowings of LIBOR Loans may be outstanding at any time, and each Borrowing of LIBOR Loans when made, continued or converted shall be in a minimum amount of the Dollar Equivalent of $1,000,000 or an increment of the Dollar Equivalent of $500,000, in excess thereof. With respect to the Canadian Borrower, no more than four (4) Borrowings of Interest Period Loans may be outstanding at any time, and each Borrowing of Interest Period Loans when made, continued or converted shall be in a minimum amount of $1,000,000 (or, in the case of Canadian BA Rate Loans, Cdn$1,000,000) or an increment of $500,000 (or, in the case of Canadian BA Rate Loans, Cdn$500,000), in excess thereof. Upon determining LIBOR or the Canadian BA Rate for any Interest Period requested by a Borrower, Agent shall promptly notify Loan Party Agent thereof by telephone or electronically and, if requested by Loan Party Agent, shall confirm any telephonic notice in writing. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the initial Borrowing from any Lender and (to the extent provided before such initial Borrowing) any initial issuance of a Letter of Credit by any Issuing Bank to the European Borrower shall be provided by a Lender that is a Non-Public Lender.
4.4    Loan Party Agent. Each Loan Party hereby designates Cooper-Standard Automotive Inc. (“Loan Party Agent”) as its representative and agent for all purposes under the Loan Documents, including requests for Loans and Letters of Credit, designation of interest rates, delivery or receipt of communications, preparation and delivery of Borrower Materials, receipt and payment of Obligations, requests for waivers, amendments or other accommodations, actions under the Loan Documents (including in respect of compliance with covenants), and all other dealings with Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender. Loan Party Agent hereby accepts such appointment. Agent and Lenders shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, any notice or communication (including any Notice of Borrowing) delivered by Loan Party Agent on behalf of any Loan Party. Agent and Lenders may give any notice or communication with a Loan Party hereunder to Loan Party Agent on behalf of such Loan Party. Each of Agent, Issuing Banks and Lenders shall have the right, in its discretion, to deal exclusively with Loan Party Agent for any or all purposes under the Loan Documents. Each Loan Party

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agrees that any notice, election, communication, representation, agreement or undertaking made on its behalf by Loan Party Agent shall be binding upon and enforceable against it.
4.5    One Obligation. Without in any way limiting the Obligations of any U.S. Facility Loan Party with respect to its Guarantee of the Obligations of the Canadian Facility Loan Parties and the European Borrower, the Loan Party Group Obligations owing by each Loan Party Group shall constitute one (1) general obligation of the Loan Parties within such Loan Party Group and (unless otherwise expressly provided in any Loan Document) shall be secured by Agent’s Lien upon all Collateral of each member of such Loan Party Group; provided, however, that each Secured Party shall be deemed to be a creditor of, and the holder of a separate claim against, each Loan Party to the extent of any Obligations owed by such Loan Party to such Secured Party.
4.6    Effect of Termination. On the effective date of the termination of all Commitments, the Obligations shall be immediately due and payable. Until Full Payment of the Obligations, all undertakings of Borrowers contained in the Loan Documents shall continue, and Agent shall retain its Liens in the Collateral and all of its rights and remedies under the Loan Documents. Sections 2.2, 2.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.9, 5.4, 5.8, 5.9, 12, 14.2 and this Section 4.6, and the obligation of each Loan Party and Lender with respect to each indemnity given by it in any Loan Document, shall survive Full Payment of the Obligations and any release relating to this credit facility.
SECTION 5. PAYMENTS
5.1    General Payment Provisions. All payments of Obligations shall be made without offset, counterclaim or defense of any kind, and in immediately available funds, not later than 12:00 noon on the due date. Any payment after such time shall be deemed made on the next Business Day. If any payment under the Loan Documents shall be stated to be due on a day other than a Business Day, the due date shall be extended to the next Business Day and such extension of time shall be included in any computation of interest and fees. Any payment of an Interest Period Loan prior to the end of its Interest Period shall be accompanied by all amounts due under Section 3.9. Any prepayment of Loans by a Borrower shall be applied first to Floating Rate Loans of such Borrower and then to Interest Period Loans of such Borrower. All payments with respect to any U.S. Facility Obligations shall be made in Dollars or, if any portion of such U.S. Facility Obligations is denominated in Euros, then in Euros or, if any portion of such U.S. Facility Obligations is denominated in Sterling, then in Sterling. All payments with respect to any Canadian Facility Obligations shall be made in Canadian Dollars or, if any portion of such Canadian Facility Obligations is denominated in Dollars, then in Dollars. All payments with respect to any European Facility Obligations shall be made in Euros.
5.2    Repayment of Obligations. All Canadian Facility Obligations shall be immediately due and payable in full on the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date and all U.S./European Facility Obligations shall be immediately due and payable in full on the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, in each case, unless payment of such Obligations is sooner required hereunder. Revolver Loans may be prepaid from time to time, without penalty or premium, subject to, in the case of Interest Period Loans, the payment of costs set forth in Section 3.9. If any Asset Sale (other than sales of Inventory in the ordinary course of business) by any Loan Party constitutes the disposition of ABL Collateral resulting in Net Proceeds received in any single transaction of greater than $10,000,000, then Net Proceeds equal to the greater of (a) the net book value of the applicable Accounts and Inventory, or (b) the reduction in the Borrowing Base of the applicable Borrower upon giving effect to such Asset Sale, shall be applied to the Revolver Loans of such Borrower; provided, that, at the

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election of the applicable Loan Party (as notified by the Loan Party Agent to Agent on or prior to the date of the receipt of such Net Proceeds), and so long as no Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the applicable Loan Party may reinvest all or any portion of such Net Proceeds in operating assets so long as within 360 days after the receipt of such Net Proceeds, such purchase shall have been consummated (as certified by the Loan Party Agent in writing to Agent); and provided further, however, that any Net Proceeds not so reinvested shall be immediately applied as otherwise set forth in this Section 5.2. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if an Overadvance exists (including as the result of any Asset Sale as specified in the preceding sentence), the Borrower owing such Overadvance shall, on the sooner of Agent’s demand or the first (1st) Business Day after such Borrower has knowledge thereof, repay the outstanding Loans in an amount sufficient to reduce the principal balance of the related Overadvance Loan to zero.
5.3    Payment of Other Obligations. Obligations shall be paid by the Borrowers as provided in the Loan Documents or, if no payment date or time for payment is specified, on demand.
5.4    Marshaling; Payments Set Aside. None of Agent or Lenders shall be under any obligation to marshal any assets in favor of any Loan Party or against any Obligations. If any payment by or on behalf of the Borrowers is made to Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender, or Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender exercises a right of setoff, and such payment or the proceeds of such setoff or any part thereof is subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required (including pursuant to any settlement entered into by Agent, such Issuing Bank or such Lender in its discretion) to be repaid to a Creditor Representative or any other Person, then to the extent of such recovery, the Obligation originally intended to be satisfied, and all Liens, rights and remedies relating thereto, shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such setoff had not occurred.
5.5    Post-Default Allocation of Payments.
5.5.1    Allocation. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, during the continuance of an Event of Default, Agent shall apply and allocate monies to the Obligations, whether arising from payments by or on behalf of any Loan Party, realization on Collateral, setoff or otherwise, as follows:
(a)    with respect to monies, payments, property or Collateral of or from any U.S./European Facility Loan Parties, and subject to Section 2.4:
(i)    first, to all U.S./European Facility Obligations consisting of costs and expenses, including Extraordinary Expenses, owing to Agent;
(ii)    second, to all amounts owing to Agent on U.S. Swingline Loans;
(iii)    third, to all amounts owing to U.S. Issuing Bank on U.S. LC Obligations and European LC Obligations;
(iv)    fourth, to all U.S./European Facility Obligations constituting fees (excluding amounts relating to Secured Bank Product Obligations) owing by the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties (exclusive of any amounts guaranteed by the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties in respect of Canadian Facility Obligations);

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(v)    fifth, to all U.S./European Facility Obligations constituting interest (excluding amounts relating to Secured Bank Product Obligations) owing by the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties (exclusive of any amounts guaranteed by the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties in respect of Canadian Facility Obligations);
(vi)    sixth, to provide Cash Collateral for outstanding U.S. Letters of Credit and European Letters of Credit;
(vii)    seventh, to all other U.S./European Facility Obligations (exclusive of any amounts guaranteed by the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties in respect of Canadian Facility Obligations), including Secured Bank Product Obligations; provided, that amounts constituting Secured Bank Product Obligations shall only be repayed to the extent (x) if applicable, proper notice of such amounts has been provided pursuant to the definition of Bank Product and (y) an appropriate Reserve shall have been established with respect thereto;
(viii)    eighth, to be applied in accordance with clause (b) below, to the extent there are insufficient funds for the Full Payment of all Obligations owing by the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties;
(ix)    ninth, to amounts outstanding under Designated Foreign Guaranties on a pro rata basis; provided, that such amounts shall only be repayed to the extent (x) proper notice of such amounts has been provided pursuant to clause (y) of the definition of Designated Foreign Guaranty and (y) an appropriate Reserve shall have been established with respect thereto; and
(x)    tenth, after Full Payment of all Obligations, the remainder to Loan Party Agent for the benefit of the U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties or such other Person(s) as shall be legally entitled thereto.
(b)    with respect to monies, payments, property or Collateral of or from any Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties, together with any allocations pursuant to subclause (viii) of clause (a) above and subject to Section 2.4:
(i)    first, to all Canadian Facility Obligations consisting of costs and expenses, including Extraordinary Expenses, owing to Agent, to the extent owing by any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party;
(ii)    second, to all amounts owing to Agent on Canadian Swingline Loans;
(iii)    third, to all amounts owing to Canadian Issuing Bank on Canadian LC Obligations;
(iv)    fourth, to all Canadian Facility Obligations constituting fees (excluding amounts relating to Secured Bank Product Obligations);
(v)    fifth, to all Canadian Facility Obligations constituting interest (excluding amounts relating to Secured Bank Product Obligations);
(vi)    sixth, to provide Cash Collateral for outstanding Canadian Letters of Credit;

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(vii)    seventh, to all other Canadian Facility Obligations, including Secured Bank Product Obligations; provided, that amounts constituting Secured Bank Product Obligations shall only be repaid to the extent (x) proper notice of such amounts has been provided pursuant to the definition of Bank Product and (y) an appropriate Reserve shall have been established with respect thereto;
(viii)    eighth, to amounts outstanding under Designated Foreign Guaranties on a pro rata basis; provided, that such amounts shall only be repaid to the extent (x) proper notice of such amounts has been provided pursuant to clause (y) of the definition of Designated Foreign Guaranty and (y) an appropriate Reserve shall have been established with respect thereto; and
(ix)    ninth, after Full Payment of all Canadian Facility Obligations, the remainder to Loan Party Agent for the benefit of the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties or such other Person(s) as shall be legally entitled thereto.
Amounts shall be applied to each category of Obligations set forth above until Full Payment thereof and then to the next category. If amounts are insufficient to satisfy a category, they shall be applied on a pro rata basis among the Obligations in the category. Monies and proceeds obtained from a Loan Party shall not be applied to its Excluded Swap Obligations, but appropriate adjustments shall be made with respect to amounts obtained from other Loan Parties to preserve the allocation specified above. Amounts distributed with respect to any Secured Bank Product Obligations shall be the actual Secured Bank Product Obligations as calculated using the methodology reported to Agent for such Obligation (but no greater than the maximum amount reported to Agent). Agent shall have no obligation to calculate the amount of any Secured Bank Product Obligation and may request a reasonably detailed calculation thereof from the applicable Secured Bank Product Provider. If the provider fails to deliver the calculation within five days following request, Agent may assume the amount is zero. The allocations set forth in this Section 5.5.1 are solely to determine the rights and priorities of Agent and Lenders as among themselves, and may be changed by agreement among them without the consent of any Loan Party. This Section is not for the benefit of or enforceable by any Borrower.

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5.5.2    Erroneous Application. Agent shall not be liable for any application of amounts made by it in good faith and, if any such application is subsequently determined to have been made in error, the sole recourse of any Lender or other Person to which such amount should have been made shall be to recover the amount from the Person that actually received it (and, if such amount was received by any Lender, such Lender hereby agrees to return it).
5.6    Application of Payments. The ledger balance in the main Dominion Account of each applicable Borrower as of the end of a Business Day shall be applied to the Loan Party Group Obligations of such Borrower at the beginning of the next Business Day during any Cash Dominion Trigger Period. If, as a result of such application, a credit balance exists, the balance shall not accrue interest in favor of the applicable Borrower and shall be made available to such Borrower as long as no Event of Default exists. Each Borrower irrevocably waives the right to direct the application of any payments or Collateral proceeds made pursuant to Section 5.5, and agrees that Agent shall have the continuing, exclusive right to apply and reapply same against the Obligations, in such manner as Agent deems advisable. The amounts in the U.S. Dominion Account will go to the U.S. Facility Obligations or the European Facility Obligations as determined by Agent. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any of the Loan Documents, no monies, payments, property or Collateral of or from any Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties shall be used to satisfy, or support, directly or indirectly, any Obligations owing by any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party or by the European Borrower (other than monies, payments, property or Collateral that is not Cash Collateral which is used to satisfy amounts outstanding under Designated Foreign Guaranties pursuant to Section 5.5.1(b)(viii)).
5.7    Loan Account; Account Stated.
5.7.1    Loan Account. Agent shall maintain in accordance with its usual and customary practices an account or accounts (“Loan Account”) evidencing the obligations of each Borrower resulting from each Loan made to such Borrower or issuance of a Letter of Credit for the account of such Borrower from time to time. Any failure of Agent to record anything in the Loan Account, or any error in doing so, shall not limit or otherwise affect the obligation of the Borrowers to pay any amount owing hereunder. Agent may maintain a single Loan Account in the name of Loan Party Agent, and each Borrower confirms that such arrangement shall have no effect on the joint and several character of its liability for the Obligations of its Loan Party Group or, in the case of the U.S. Borrower, its guarantee of the Obligations of the Canadian Borrower.
5.7.2    Entries Binding. Entries made in the Loan Account shall constitute presumptive evidence of the information contained therein. If any information contained in the Loan Account is provided to or inspected by any Person, then such information shall be conclusive and binding on such Person for all purposes absent manifest error, except to the extent such Person notifies Agent in writing within thirty (30) days after receipt or inspection that specific information is subject to dispute.
5.8    Taxes.

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5.8.1    Payments Free of Taxes. Any and all payments by or on account of any Obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document shall be made without deduction or withholding for any Taxes, except as required by applicable law. If any applicable law (as determined in the good faith discretion of an applicable Withholding Agent) requires the deduction or withholding of any Tax from any such payment by a Withholding Agent, then the applicable Withholding Agent shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding and shall timely pay the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law and, if such Tax is an Indemnified Tax, then the sum payable by the applicable Loan Party shall be increased as necessary so that after such deduction or withholding has been made (including such deductions and withholdings applicable to additional sums payable under this Section) the applicable Recipient receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deduction or withholding been made.
5.8.2    Other Taxes. The Loan Parties shall timely pay to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law, or at the option of Agent timely reimburse it for the payment of, any Other Taxes.
5.8.3    Indemnification by Loan Parties. The Loan Parties shall indemnify each Recipient, within 10 days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes (including Indemnified Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section) payable or paid by such Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to such Recipient and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Loan Party Agent by a Lender (with a copy to Agent), or by Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
5.8.4    Indemnification by Lenders. Each Lender shall severally indemnify Agent, within 10 days after demand therefor, for (i) any Indemnified Taxes attributable to such Lender (but only to the extent that any Loan Party has not already indemnified Agent for such Indemnified Taxes and without limiting the obligation of the Loan Parties to do so), (ii) any Taxes attributable to such Lender’s failure to comply with the provisions of Section 13.2.1 relating to the maintenance of a participant register and (iii) any Excluded Taxes attributable to such Lender, in each case, that are payable or paid by Agent in connection with any Loan Document, and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to any Lender by Agent shall be conclusive absent manifest error. Each Lender hereby authorizes Agent to set off and apply any and all amounts at any time owing to such Lender under any Loan Document or otherwise payable by Agent to the Lender from any other source against any amount due to Agent under this Section 5.8.4.
5.8.5    Evidence of Payment. As soon as practicable after any payment of Taxes by any Loan Party to a Governmental Authority pursuant to this Section 5.8, such Loan Party shall deliver to Agent the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to Agent.

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5.8.6    Treatment of Certain Refunds. If a Loan Party makes a payment of Indemnified Taxes to a Recipient and either (i) the applicable Loan Party determines that there is a reasonable basis for asserting that such Indemnified Taxes were not correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority, unless the relevant Recipient reasonably disagrees with such determination or (ii) the applicable Recipient has actual knowledge that such Indemnified Taxes are refundable to such Recipient by the relevant Governmental Authority (in which case such Recipient shall within a reasonable period of time provide written notice to the applicable Loan Party of such refundable Indemnified Taxes) then, in each case, at the applicable Loan Party’s written request and at the applicable Loan Party’s cost and expense, such Recipient shall make a claim for refund of such Indemnified Taxes (and any interest and penalties arising therefrom or with respect thereto) to such Governmental Authority in the manner prescribed by applicable Law and shall take such other reasonable necessary actions as required by the applicable Loan Party in pursuit of such refund claim. To the extent a Recipient actually realizes a refund of any Taxes as to which it has been indemnified pursuant to this Section 5.8 (including by the payment of additional amounts pursuant to this Section 5.8), it shall pay to the indemnifying party an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made under this Section with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including Taxes) of such indemnified party and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund). Such indemnifying party, upon the request of such indemnified party, shall repay to such indemnified party the amount paid over pursuant to this Section 5.8.6 (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) in the event that such indemnified party is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 5.8.6, in no event will the indemnified party be required to pay any amount to an indemnifying party pursuant to this Section 5.8.6 the payment of which would place the indemnified party in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the indemnified party would have been in if the Tax subject to indemnification and giving rise to such refund had not been deducted, withheld or otherwise imposed and the indemnification payments or additional amounts giving rise to such refund had never been paid. This paragraph shall not be construed to require any indemnified party to make available its Tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes that it deems confidential) to the indemnifying party or any other Person.
5.8.7    Survival. Each party’s obligations under this Section 5.8 shall survive the resignation or replacement of Agent or any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all obligations under any Loan Document.
5.8.8    Defined Terms. For purposes of this Section 5.8 and Section 5.9, the term “Lender” includes any Issuing Bank and the term “applicable Law” includes FATCA.
5.9    Lender Tax Information.
5.9.1    Generally. Any Lender that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding from Tax with respect to payments made under any Loan Document shall deliver to the Loan Party Agent and Agent, at the time or times reasonably requested by the Loan Party Agent or Agent, such properly completed and executed documentation reasonably requested by the Loan Party Agent or Agent as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding. In addition, any Lender, if reasonably requested by the Loan Party Agent or Agent, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Loan

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Party Agent or Agent as will enable the Loan Party Agent or Agent to determine whether or not such Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding two sentences, the completion, execution and submission of such documentation (other than such documentation set forth in Section 5.9.2(i), (ii)(a), (ii)(b), (ii)(c), (ii)(d) and (iii) below) shall not be required if in the Lender’s reasonable judgment such completion, execution or submission would subject such Lender to any material unreimbursed cost or expense or would materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of such Lender.
5.9.2    U.S. Borrower. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, if a Borrower is resident for tax purposes in the United States, (i) any Recipient that is a “United States person” within the meaning of section 7701(a)(30) of the Code shall deliver to Agent and Loan Party Agent IRS Form W-9 or such other documentation or information prescribed by applicable Law or reasonably requested by Agent or Loan Party Agent certifying that such Recipient is exempt from United States backup withholding and information reporting requirements, (ii) any Recipient that is not a “United States person” within the meaning of section 7701(a)(30) of the Code, shall deliver to Agent and Loan Party Agent, on or prior to the date on which it becomes a party hereunder (and from time to time thereafter upon reasonable request by Agent or Loan Party Agent, but only if such Lender is entitled to do so under applicable Law), (a) IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable, claiming eligibility for benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party; (b) IRS Form W-8ECI; (c) IRS Form W-8IMY and all required supporting documentation; or (d) in the case of a Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under section 881(c) of the Code, IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable, and a certificate showing such Lender is not (x) a “bank” within the meaning of section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (y) a “10 percent shareholder” of any Loan Party within the meaning of section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code, or (z) a “controlled foreign corporation” described in section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code; and (iii) if a payment made to a Recipient under any Loan Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if such Recipient were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Recipient shall deliver to the U.S. Borrower and Agent at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the U.S. Borrower or Agent such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the U.S. Borrower or Agent as may be necessary for the U.S. Borrower and Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such Recipient has complied with such Lender’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment. Solely for purposes of the foregoing clause (iii), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement.
5.9.3    Lender Obligations. Each Lender agrees that if any form or certification it previously delivered expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, it shall update such form or certification or promptly notify the Loan Party Agent and Agent in writing of its legal inability to do so.

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5.10    Guarantee by U.S. Facility Loan Parties.
5.10.1    Joint and Several Liability. Each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party agrees that it is jointly and severally liable for, and absolutely and unconditionally guarantees to Agent and Lenders the prompt payment and performance of, all Obligations and all agreements of each other Loan Party under the Loan Documents. Each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party which is a U.S./European Facility Guarantor agrees that its guarantee obligations as a U.S./European Facility Guarantor and as a Canadian Facility Guarantor hereunder constitute a continuing guarantee of payment and not of collection, that such guarantee obligations shall not be discharged until Full Payment of the Obligations, and that such guarantee obligations are absolute and unconditional, irrespective of (a) the genuineness, validity, regularity, enforceability, subordination or any future modification of, or change in, any Obligations or Loan Document, or any other document, instrument or agreement to which any Loan Party is or may become a party or be bound; (b) the absence of any action to enforce this Agreement (including this Section 5.10) or any other Loan Document, or any waiver, consent or indulgence of any kind by Agent or any Lender with respect thereto; (c) the existence, value or condition of, or failure to perfect a Lien or to preserve rights against, any security or guarantee for the Obligations or any action, or the absence of any action, by Agent or any Lender in respect thereof (including the release of any security or guarantee); (d) the insolvency of any Loan Party; (e) any election by Agent or any Lender in an Insolvency Proceeding for the application of Section 1111(b)(2) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code; (f) any borrowing or grant of a Lien by any other Loan Party, as debtor-in-possession under Section 364 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or otherwise; (g) the disallowance of any claims of Agent or any Lender against any Loan Party for the repayment of any Obligations under Section 502 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or otherwise; or (h) any other action or circumstances that might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a surety or guarantor, except Full Payment of all Obligations.
5.10.2    Waivers.
(a)    Each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party hereby expressly waives all rights that it may have now or in the future under any statute, at common law, in equity or otherwise, to compel Agent or Lenders to marshal assets or to proceed against any Loan Party, other Person or security for the payment or performance of any Obligations before, or as a condition to, proceeding against such Loan Party. Each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party waives all defenses available to a surety, guarantor or accommodation co-obligor other than Full Payment of all Obligations. It is agreed among each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party, Agent and Lenders that the provisions of this Section 5.10 are of the essence of the transaction contemplated by the Loan Documents and that, but for such provisions, Agent and Lenders would decline to make Loans and issue Letters of Credit. Each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party acknowledges that its guarantee pursuant to this Section is necessary to the conduct and promotion of its business, and can be expected to benefit such business.
(b)    Agent and Lenders may, in their discretion, pursue such rights and remedies as they deem appropriate, including realization upon the Collateral by judicial foreclosure or non‑judicial sale or enforcement without affecting any rights and remedies under this Section 5.10. If, in taking any action in connection with the exercise of any rights or remedies, Agent or any Lender shall forfeit any other rights or remedies, including the right to enter a deficiency judgment against any U.S. Domiciled Party or other Person, whether because of any applicable Laws pertaining to “election of remedies” or otherwise, each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party consents to such action and waives any claim based upon it, even if the action may result in loss of any rights of subrogation that any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party might otherwise have had. Any election of remedies that results in denial or impairment of the right of

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Agent or any Lender to seek a deficiency judgment against any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party shall not impair any other U.S. Domiciled Loan Party’s obligation to pay the full amount of the Obligations. Each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party waives all rights and defenses arising out of an election of remedies, such as nonjudicial foreclosure with respect to any security for the Obligations, even though that election of remedies destroys such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party’s rights of subrogation against any other Person. Agent may bid all or a portion of the Obligations at any foreclosure or trustee’s sale or at any private sale, and the amount of such bid need not be paid by Agent but shall be credited against the Obligations. The amount of the successful bid at any such sale, whether Agent or any other Person is the successful bidder, shall be conclusively deemed to be the fair market value of the Collateral, and the difference between such bid amount and the remaining balance of the Obligations shall be conclusively deemed to be the amount of the Obligations guaranteed under this Section 5.10, notwithstanding that any present or future law or court decision may have the effect of reducing the amount of any deficiency claim to which Agent or any Lender might otherwise be entitled but for such bidding at any such sale.
5.10.3    Extent of Liability; Contribution.
(a)    Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary (other than as specified in Section 5.10.6), each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party’s liability under this Section 5.10 shall be limited to the greater of (i) all amounts for which such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party is primarily liable, as described below, and (ii) such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party’s Allocable Amount.
(b)    If any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party makes a payment under this Section 5.10 of any Obligations (other than amounts for which such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party is primarily liable) (a “Guarantor Payment”) that, taking into account all other Guarantor Payments previously or concurrently made by any other U.S. Domiciled Loan Party, exceeds the amount that such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party would otherwise have paid if each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party had paid the aggregate Obligations satisfied by such Guarantor Payments in the same proportion that such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party’s Allocable Amount bore to the total Allocable Amounts of all U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties, then such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party shall be entitled to receive contribution and indemnification payments from, and to be reimbursed by, each other U.S. Domiciled Loan Party for the amount of such excess, pro rata based upon their respective Allocable Amounts in effect immediately prior to such Guarantor Payment. The “Allocable Amount” for any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party shall be the maximum amount that could then be recovered from such U.S. Domiciled Loan Party under this Section 5.10 without rendering such payment voidable under Section 548 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or under any applicable state fraudulent transfer or conveyance act, or similar statute or common law.
(c)    Nothing contained in this Section 5.10 (other than as specified in Section 5.10.6) shall limit the liability of any Loan Party to pay Loans made directly or indirectly to that Loan Party (including Loans advanced to any other Loan Party and then re-loaned or otherwise transferred to, or for the benefit of, such Loan Party), LC Obligations relating to Letters of Credit issued to support such Loan Party’s business, and all accrued interest, fees, expenses and other related Obligations with respect thereto, for which such Loan Party shall be primarily liable for all purposes hereunder.
(d)    Each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party that is a Qualified ECP when its guaranty of or grant of a Lien as security for a Swap Obligation becomes effective hereby jointly and severally, absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes to provide such funds or other support to each Specified Loan Party with respect to such Swap Obligation as may be needed by such Specified Loan Party from time to time to honor all of its obligations under the Loan Documents in respect of such Swap

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Obligation (but, in each case, only up to the maximum amount of such liability that can be hereby incurred without rendering such Qualified ECP’s obligations and undertakings under this Section 5.10 voidable under any applicable fraudulent transfer or conveyance act). The obligations and undertakings of each Qualified ECP under this Section shall remain in full force and effect until Full Payment of the Obligations. Each Loan Party intends this Section to constitute, and this Section shall be deemed to constitute, a guarantee of the obligations of, and a “keepwell, support or other agreement” for the benefit of, each Loan Party for all purposes of the Commodity Exchange Act.
5.10.4    Joint Enterprise. Each Borrower has requested that Agent and Lenders make this credit facility available to the Borrowers in order to finance the Borrowers’ business most efficiently and economically. The Borrowers and Guarantors make up a related organization of various entities constituting a single economic and business enterprise so that the Borrowers and Guarantors share an identity of interests such that any benefit received by any one of them benefits the others.  The Borrowers and Guarantors render services to or for the benefit of the other Borrowers and/or Guarantors, as the case may be, purchase or sell and supply goods to or from or for the benefit of the others, make loans, advances and provide other financial accommodations to or for the benefit of the other Borrowers and Guarantors (including inter alia, the payment by the Borrowers and Guarantors of creditors of the other Borrowers or Guarantors and guarantees by the Borrowers and Guarantors of indebtedness of the other Borrowers and Guarantors and provide administrative, marketing, payroll and management services to or for the benefit of the other Borrowers and Guarantors).  The Borrowers and Guarantors have centralized accounting and legal services and certain common officers and directors. The Borrowers acknowledge and agree that Agent’s and Lenders’ willingness to extend credit to the Borrowers and to administer the Collateral, as set forth herein, is done solely as an accommodation to the Borrowers and at the Borrowers’ request.
5.10.5    Subordination. Each Loan Party hereby subordinates any claims, including any rights at law or in equity to payment, subrogation, reimbursement, exoneration, contribution, indemnification or set off, that it may have at any time against any other Loan Party, howsoever arising, to the Full Payment of all Obligations.
5.11    Currency Matters. Dollars are the currency of account and payment for each and every sum at any time due from the Borrowers hereunder unless otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement, any other Loan Document or otherwise agreed to by Agent.
5.11.1    Each repayment of a Revolver Loan or LC Obligation or a part thereof shall be made in the currency in which such Revolver Loan or LC Obligation is denominated at the time of that repayment;
5.11.2    Each payment of interest shall be made in the currency in which the principal or other sum in respect of which such interest is denominated;
5.11.4    Each payment of fees by the U.S. Borrower pursuant to Section 3.2 shall be in Dollars;
5.11.4    Each payment of fees by the Canadian Borrower pursuant to Section 3.2 shall be in Dollars;
5.11.5    Each payment of fees by the European Borrower pursuant to Section 3.2 shall be in Dollars;

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5.11.6    Each payment in respect of Extraordinary Expenses and any other costs, expenses and indemnities shall be made in the currency in which the same were incurred by the party to whom payment is to be made;
5.11.7    Any amount expressed to be payable in Canadian Dollars shall be paid in Canadian Dollars;
5.11.8    Any amount expressed to be payable in Euros shall be paid in Euros; and
5.11.9    Any amount expressed to be payable in Sterling shall be paid in Sterling.
No payment to any Secured Party (whether under any judgment or court order or otherwise) shall discharge the obligation or liability of the Loan Party in respect of which it was made unless and until such Secured Party shall have received Full Payment in the currency in which such obligation or liability is payable pursuant to the above provisions of this Section 5.11. To the extent that the amount of any such payment shall, on actual conversion into such currency, fall short of such obligation or liability actual or contingent expressed in that currency, such Loan Party (together with the other Loan Parties within its Loan Party Group or other obligors pursuant to any Guarantee of the Obligations of such Loan Party Group) agrees to indemnify and hold harmless such Secured Party, with respect to the amount of the shortfall with respect to amounts payable by such Loan Party hereunder, with such indemnity surviving the termination of this Agreement and any legal proceeding, judgment or court order pursuant to which the original payment was made which resulted in the shortfall. To the extent that the amount of any such payment to a Secured Party shall, upon an actual conversion into such currency, exceed such obligation or liability, actual or contingent, expressed in that currency, such Secured Party shall return such excess to the affected Loan Party.
5.12    Currency Fluctuations. On each Business Day or such other date determined by Agent, which date with respect to Letters of Credit issued by Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas in currencies other than Dollars shall be the first Business Day of each calendar month (the “Calculation Date”), Agent shall determine the Exchange Rate as of such date. The Exchange Rate so determined shall become effective on the first (1st) Business Day immediately following such determination (a “Reset Date”) and shall remain effective until the next succeeding Reset Date. On each Reset Date, Agent shall determine the Dollar Equivalent of the Canadian Revolver Exposure, the U.S. Revolver Exposure and the European Revolver Exposure. If, on any Reset Date, (w) the Total Revolver Exposure

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exceeds the total amount of the Commitments on such date or (x) the Canadian Revolver Exposure on such date exceeds the Canadian Borrowing Base on such date or (y) the U.S. Revolver Exposure on such date exceeds the U.S./European Borrowing Base on such date or (z) the European Revolver Exposure on such date exceeds the Maximum European Subline Amount on such date (the amount of any such excess referred to herein as the “Excess Amount”) then (i) Agent shall give notice thereof to the applicable Borrower and Applicable Lenders and (ii) within two (2) Business Days thereafter, the applicable Borrower shall cause such excess to be eliminated, either by repayment of Revolver Loans or depositing of Cash Collateral with Agent with respect to LC Obligations and until such Excess Amount is repaid, the Applicable Lenders shall not have any obligation to make any Loans.
SECTION 6. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
6.1    Conditions Precedent to Initial Loans. In addition to the conditions set forth in Section 6.2, Lenders shall not be required to fund any requested Loan, issue any Letter of Credit, or otherwise extend credit to the Borrowers hereunder, until the date (“Third Restatement Date”) that each of the following conditions has been satisfied (and with respect to deliveries of Loan Documents, each such delivery shall be fully-executed (where applicable) and in form and substance satisfactory to Agent and its counsel) (subject to Section 10.1.13):
(a)    Notes shall have been executed by each Borrower and delivered to each Applicable Lender that requests issuance of a Note. Each other Loan Document set forth on the List of Closing Documents shall have been duly executed (where applicable) by each of the signatories thereto and delivered to Agent, and each Loan Party shall be in compliance with all terms thereof. Each other instrument, document or agreement set forth on the List of Closing Documents shall have been executed (where applicable) and delivered to Agent.
(b)    Agent shall have received satisfactory evidence that Agent shall have a valid and perfected security interest in the Collateral (including delivery to Agent of all instruments needed for filings or recordations necessary to perfect its Liens in the Collateral).
(c)    Agent shall have received UCC, PPSA, and Lien searches and other evidence satisfactory to Agent that its Liens are the only Liens upon the ABL Collateral, except Permitted Liens.
(d)    All filing and recording fees and taxes shall have been duly paid or arrangements satisfactory to Agent shall have been made for the payment thereof.
(e)    Agent shall have received certificates, in form and substance satisfactory to it, from a Responsible Officer of each Loan Party certifying that, after giving effect to the Transactions and the initial Loans and transactions hereunder, (i) the Canadian Borrower and its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and the U.S. Borrower and its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are Solvent; (ii) no Default or Event of Default exists; (iii) the representations and warranties set forth in Section 9 with respect to such Loan Party are true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) (except for representations and warranties that expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) as of such earlier date); and (iv) such Loan Party has complied with all agreements and conditions to be satisfied by it under the Loan Documents.

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(f)    Agent shall have received a certificate of a duly authorized officer of or other person authorized to represent each Loan Party, certifying (i) that attached copies of such Loan Party’s Organization Documents are true and complete, and in full force and effect, without amendment except as shown; (ii) that an attached copy of resolutions authorizing execution and delivery of the Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party is true and complete, and that such resolutions are in full force and effect, were duly adopted, have not been amended, modified or revoked, and constitute all resolutions adopted with respect to this credit facility; (iii) all governmental and other third party approvals and consents, if any, with respect to this Agreement, the other Transactions and each other Loan Document have been obtained and are in effect; and (iv) to the title, name and signature of each Person authorized to sign the Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party. Agent may conclusively rely on this certificate until it is otherwise notified by the applicable Loan Party in writing.
(g)    Agent shall have received satisfactory opinions of counsel to the Loan Parties, in each case, customary for transactions of this type (which shall cover, among other things, authority, legality, validity, binding effect and enforceability of the Loan Documents) and of appropriate local counsel (including Ontario and Netherlands counsel).
(h)    Agent shall have received copies of the charter documents of each Loan Party, certified by the Secretary of State or other appropriate official of such Loan Party’s jurisdiction of organization.
(i)    Agent shall have received good standing certificates for each Loan Party, issued by the Secretary of State or other appropriate official of such Loan Party’s jurisdiction of organization and with respect to the European Borrower, an original extract from the register of the chamber of commerce.
(j)    Since December 31, 2015 no change, occurrence or development shall have occurred or become known to the Lead Arrangers that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(k)    Agent shall be satisfied with the amount, types and terms and conditions of all insurance maintained by the Loan Parties and their Restricted Subsidiaries; and Agent shall have received short form (if available) (i) certificates of insurance with respect to each Loan Parties’ property and liability insurance, and (ii) endorsements naming Agent as lender’s loss payee or mortgagee, as the case may be and as its interests may appear, under all casualty and business interruption insurance policies to be maintained with respect to the properties of the Loan Parties forming part of the Collateral, in each case, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent.
(l)    No action, suit, investigation, litigation or proceeding pending or threatened in any court or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority that in the Lenders’ judgment (a) could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or (b) could reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the credit facilities or transactions contemplated hereby.
(m)    All accrued fees and expenses of the Secured Parties and Lead Arrangers (including the fees and expenses of counsel (including any local counsel) for such Secured Parties and Lead Arrangers) due from the Loan Parties on or prior to the Third Restatement Date, including all fees payable to Agent under the Agent Fee Letter, shall have been paid in full in cash.
(n)    All conditions precedent to the closing of the Fixed Asset Facility shall have been satisfied in accordance with the Permitted Secured Debt Documents to be executed on the Third Restatement Date. Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer of Loan Party Agent

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certifying copies of the material Permitted Secured Debt Documents to be executed on the Third Restatement Date attached thereto to be true, correct and complete copies thereof.
(o)    The Senior Unsecured Notes Issuance shall have been consummated substantially concurrently with the Third Restatement Date.
(p)    Each Lender shall have received all Patriot Act, anti-money laundering and “know your client” documentation required in connection with this Agreement from the Loan Parties.
(q)    Agent shall have received executed releases with respect to all outstanding mortgages in favor of the Agent under the Existing Credit Agreement.
(r)    Each of the Lenders shall have entered the Reallocation Agreement.
6.2    Conditions Precedent to All Credit Extensions. Agent, Issuing Banks and Lenders shall not be required to fund any Loans or arrange for issuance of any Letters of Credit to or for the benefit of the Borrowers (including the initial Loans and Letters of Credit on the Third Restatement Date), unless the following conditions are satisfied:
(a)    No Default or Event of Default shall exist at the time of, or result from, such funding or issuance;
(b)    The representations and warranties of each Loan Party in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) on the date of, and upon giving effect to, such funding, issuance or grant (except for representations and warranties that expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, with respect to representations and warranties qualified by materiality, in all respects) as of such earlier date);
(c)    Both immediately before and immediately after giving effect thereto, no Canadian Overadvance or U.S./European Overadvance shall exist or would result therefrom and the Total Revolver Exposure would not exceed the Maximum Facility Amount; and
(d)    With respect to issuance of a Letter of Credit, the LC Conditions shall be satisfied.
Each request (or deemed request, except a deemed request in connection with an Overadvance or a Protective Advance or pursuant to Section 2.2.2(a) or Section 2.3.2(a)) by Loan Party Agent or any Borrower for funding of a Loan or issuance of a Letter of Credit shall constitute a representation by all Borrowers that the foregoing conditions are satisfied on the date of such request and on the date of such funding or issuance.

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SECTION 7. CASH COLLATERAL
7.1    Cash Collateral. Any Cash Collateral may be invested, at Agent’s discretion, in Cash Equivalents, but Agent shall have no duty to do so, regardless of any agreement or course of dealing with any Loan Party, and shall have no responsibility for any investment or loss. To further secure the prompt payment and performance of all of its Obligations (including, without limitation, all Obligations of the Guarantors), each U.S. Domiciled Loan Party hereby grants to Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and to further secure the prompt payment and performance of all Canadian Facility Obligations, each Canadian Domiciled Loan Party hereby grants to Agent, for the benefit of the Canadian Facility Secured Parties, in each case, a continuing security interest in and Lien on all Cash Collateral held by such Loan Party from time to time and all proceeds thereof, whether such Cash Collateral is held in a Cash Collateral Account or elsewhere. Subject to Section 5.6, Agent may apply Cash Collateral of a U.S. Domiciled Loan Party to the payment of any Obligations, and may apply Cash Collateral of a Canadian Domiciled Loan Party to the payment of any Canadian Facility Obligations, in each case, in such order as Agent may elect, as they become due and payable. Each Cash Collateral Account and all Cash Collateral shall be under the sole dominion and control of Agent. No U.S. Domiciled Loan Party or other Person claiming through or on behalf of any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party shall have any right to any Cash Collateral, until Full Payment of all Obligations, unless if the condition for establishing Cash Collateral hereunder or under any other Loan Document is in any manner satisfied or the amount of required Cash Collateral reduced, the applicable Cash Collateral (or portion thereof) relating to such condition shall at such time be paid by Agent to the Loan Party Agent. No Canadian Domiciled Loan Party or other Person claiming through or on behalf of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party shall have any right to any Cash Collateral, until Full Payment of all Canadian Facility Obligations, unless if the condition for establishing Cash Collateral hereunder or under any other Loan Document is in any manner satisfied or the amount of required Cash Collateral reduced, the applicable Cash Collateral (or portion thereof) relating to such condition shall at such time be paid by Agent to the Loan Party Agent.
SECTION 8. COLLATERAL ADMINISTRATION
8.1    Borrowing Base Certificates. By the twentieth (20th) day of each month (or, during the Cash Dominion Trigger Period, by Wednesday of each week), or in any such case if such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day, Loan Party Agent shall deliver to Agent (and Agent shall promptly deliver same to Lenders) a Borrowing Base Certificate with respect to the U.S. Borrower and Canadian Borrower, in each case, prepared as of the close of business of the previous month (or, if applicable, previous week), and, if a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, at more frequent times as Agent may request. All calculations of the applicable Borrowing Base in any Borrowing Base Certificate shall originally be made by Loan Party Agent and certified by a Responsible Officer of Loan Party Agent, provided that Agent may from time to time in its Permitted Discretion, review and adjust any such calculation (a) to reflect its reasonable estimate of declines in value of any Collateral, due to collections received in the Dominion Account or otherwise; (b) to adjust advance rates to reflect changes in dilution, quality, mix and other factors affecting Collateral; and (c) to the extent the calculation is not made in accordance with this Agreement or does not accurately reflect the U.S./European Availability Reserve and/or the Canadian Availability Reserve. Each Borrowing Base Certificate shall set forth the calculation of the U.S./European Borrowing Base in Dollars and of the Canadian Borrowing Base in the Dollar Equivalent.

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8.2    Administration of Accounts.
8.2.1    Records and Schedules of Accounts. Each Loan Party shall keep accurate and complete records, in all material respects, of its Accounts, including all payments and collections thereon, and shall submit to Agent sales, collection, reconciliation and other reports in form satisfactory to Agent, on such periodic basis as Agent may reasonably request. Loan Party Agent shall also provide to Agent, on or before the twentieth (20th) day of each month and, if a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, at more frequent times as Agent may request, a detailed aged trial balance of all Accounts of each Borrower as of the end of the preceding month (or shorter applicable period), specifying, to the extent requested by Agent, each Account’s Account Debtor name and address, amount, invoice date and due date, showing any discount, allowance, credit, authorized return or dispute, and including such proof of delivery, copies of invoices and invoice registers, copies of related documents, repayment histories, status reports and other information as Agent may reasonably request. If, during an Audit Trigger Period, Accounts of the U.S. Borrower or the Canadian Borrower in an aggregate face amount of $6,000,000 or more cease to be Eligible Accounts (other than as a result of the payment thereof), Loan Party Agent shall notify Agent of such occurrence promptly after any Loan Party has knowledge thereof.
8.2.2    Taxes. If an Account of any Loan Party includes a charge for any Taxes, Agent is authorized, in its discretion, after a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, to pay the amount thereof to the proper Governmental Authority for the account of such Loan Party and to charge the Loan Party Agent therefor; provided, however, that neither Agent nor Lenders shall be liable for any Taxes that may be due from the Loan Parties or with respect to any Collateral.
8.2.3    Account Verification. Agent shall have the right during normal business hours and with reasonable frequency, in coordination and together with the Loan Party Agent to verify the validity, amount or any other matter relating to any material Accounts of the Loan Parties by mail, telephone or otherwise, and the Loan Party Agent shall cooperate fully with Agent in an effort to facilitate and promptly conclude any such verification process. If a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Agent shall have the right at any time to conduct such verifications, in the name of Agent, Loan Party Agent or any Loan Party.

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8.2.4    Maintenance of DACA Deposit Accounts and Dominion Accounts. The Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties shall establish a Canadian Dominion Account (including by designating an existing Deposit Account as a “Canadian Dominion Account”). The U.S. Facility Loan Parties shall establish the U.S. Dominion Account (including by designating an existing Deposit Account as a “U.S. Dominion Account”). The Loan Parties shall (i) require each lockbox servicer of each of any Loan Party’s lockboxes (if any) in the United States or Canada to deposit all Payment Items received therein directly to a Deposit Account (other than an Excluded Deposit Account) at the related financial institution, and (ii) maintain each such Deposit Account, together with all other Deposit Accounts of the Loan Parties (other than Excluded Deposit Accounts) as DACA Deposit Accounts by obtaining an executed Deposit Account Control Agreement from each such lockbox servicer and each financial institution which maintains Deposit Accounts (other than any Excluded Deposit Accounts) for any Loan Party, which Deposit Account Control Agreement (a) establishes Agent’s dominion and control over the subject lockbox(es), if any, and/or DACA Deposit Account(s) of the Loan Parties maintained with such servicer or institution, which may be exercised by Agent during any Cash Dominion Trigger Period, (b) requires daily application of amounts on deposit in the subject DACA Deposit Account to a Dominion Account at Bank of America as directed by Agent during any Cash Dominion Trigger Period, and (c) waives offset rights of such servicer or bank, except for customary administrative charges; it being understood that, with respect to any Deposit Account which does not at any time comply with the foregoing requirements specified in this sentence (other than those required to be delivered on the Third Restatement Date), no funds contained therein shall be treated as either Canadian Designated Cash Amount or U.S. Designated Cash Amount for purposes of this Agreement and the Loan Party Agent shall, at Agent’s request, within thirty (30) days, in coordination with Agent, cause replacement arrangements to be implemented with respect to the applicable accounts which are reasonably satisfactory to Agent. Neither Agent nor Lenders assume any responsibility to the Loan Parties for any lockbox arrangement, DACA Deposit Account or Dominion Account, including any claim of accord and satisfaction or release with respect to any Payment Items accepted by any bank.
8.2.5    Proceeds of Collateral; Payment Items Received. Loan Party Agent shall take all commercially reasonable steps to ensure that all payments on Accounts included in the ABL Collateral or otherwise relating to ABL Collateral are made directly to a DACA Deposit Account (or a lockbox relating to a DACA Deposit Account) or, during a Cash Dominion Trigger Period, a Dominion Account. If any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary receives cash or Payment Items with respect to any ABL Collateral or any Payment Item not properly deposited by a lockbox servicer in accordance with the requirements set forth in Section 8.2.4, it shall hold same in trust for Agent and promptly deposit same into a DACA Deposit Account or, during a Cash Dominion Trigger Period, a Dominion Account for application to the Obligations in accordance with Section 5.5 or 5.6, as applicable.
8.3    Administration of Inventory.
8.3.1    Records and Reports of Inventory. Each Loan Party shall keep accurate and complete records of its Inventory in the United States and Canada consistent in all material respects with historical practices, and shall submit to Agent inventory and reconciliation reports (which reports shall set forth the Inventory information by location) in form reasonably satisfactory to Agent, on such periodic basis as Agent may reasonably request. Subject to Section 10.1.9, Loan Party Agent shall conduct (or shall cause to be conducted) a physical inventory in the United States and Canada at least once per calendar year (and on a more frequent basis if requested by Agent when an Event of Default exists) and periodic cycle counts consistent with historical practices, and shall provide to Agent a report based on each such inventory and count promptly upon completion thereof, together with such

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supporting information as Agent may reasonably request. Agent may participate in and observe each physical count.
8.3.2    Returns of Inventory. No Loan Party shall return any Inventory to a supplier, vendor or other Person, whether for cash, credit or otherwise, unless (a) such return is in the ordinary course of business; (b) no Default, Event of Default or Overadvance exists or would result therefrom; (c) Agent is promptly notified if the aggregate Value of all Inventory returned in any month exceeds $10,000,000, in aggregate; and (d) any payment received by a Loan Party for a return is promptly deposited to a DACA Deposit Account or a Dominion Account.
8.3.3    Acquisition, Sale and Maintenance. With respect to Inventory that has been included in the calculation of the U.S./European Borrowing Base or Canadian Borrowing Base, no Loan Party shall acquire or accept any such Inventory on consignment or approval and the Loan Parties shall take all commercially reasonable steps to assure that all Inventory is produced in accordance with applicable Law, including the FLSA; except in any such case where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Loan Parties shall use, store and maintain all Inventory with reasonable care and caution, in accordance with historical practices and in conformity in all material respects with all applicable Law, and shall make current rent payments (within applicable grace periods provided for in leases) at all locations where any ABL Collateral is located; except in any such case where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
8.4    [Intentionally Omitted].
8.5    Administration of Deposit Accounts. Schedule 8.5 sets forth all lockbox arrangements and Deposit Accounts (including Dominion Accounts) maintained by the Loan Parties in the United States and Canada as of the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date. Each Loan Party shall take all commercially reasonable actions necessary to establish Agent’s control of each such Deposit Account (other than Excluded Deposit Accounts) by causing the related deposit account bank to enter into a Deposit Account Control Agreement; it being understood that, with respect to any Deposit Account which does not at any time comply with the foregoing requirements specified in this sentence (other than those required to be delivered on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date), the applicable Borrower shall provide notice of the same to Agent, and no funds contained therein shall be treated as either Canadian Designated Cash Amount or U.S. Designated Cash Amount for purposes of this Agreement and the Loan Party Agent shall within thirty (30) days, at Agent’s request and in coordination with Agent, cause replacement arrangements to be implemented with respect to the applicable accounts which are reasonably satisfactory to Agent. The sole account holder of each Deposit Account shall be a single Loan Party and the Loan Parties shall not allow any other Person (other than Agent and, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, the agent specified therein) to have control (as contemplated by the UCC and the PPSA) over a DACA Deposit Account or any property deposited therein. Each Loan Party shall promptly notify Agent of any opening or closing of a Deposit Account in the United States or Canada, as applicable, and, concurrently with the opening thereof, shall ensure such account (other than accounts excluded from the operation of this paragraph above) is subject to a fully executed Deposit Account Control Agreement, an original copy of which has been delivered to Agent.

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8.6    General Provisions.
8.6.1    Location of Collateral. All material amounts of tangible items of ABL Collateral, other than Inventory in transit, shall at all times be kept by the Loan Parties at the Borrowers’ business locations set forth in Schedule 8.6.1, except that the Loan Parties may (a) make sales or other dispositions of Collateral in the ordinary course of business; (b) in the case of any U.S. Facility Loan Party, move Collateral to another location in the continental United States (so long as notice of such move is provided to Agent concurrently with delivery of the applicable financial information required pursuant to Sections 10.1.2(a), (b) or (c), as applicable) or Canada (upon thirty (30) days’ (or such lesser time as Agent shall agree in writing) prior written notice to Agent), so long as all actions shall have been taken prior to such move to ensure that Agent has a perfected first priority Lien upon all the ABL Collateral and (c) in the case of a Canadian Domiciled Loan Party, move Collateral to another location in Canada (upon thirty (30) days’ (or such lesser time as Agent shall agree in writing) prior written notice to Agent) or the United States (so long as notice of such move is provided to Agent concurrently with delivery of the applicable financial information required pursuant to Sections 10.1.2(a), (b) or (c), as applicable), so long as all actions shall have been taken prior to such move to ensure that Agent has a perfected first priority security interest in and Lien upon all the ABL Collateral, provided, however, that with respect to the foregoing clauses (b) and (c), if such Collateral is to be in the possession of a third party at a location not set forth on Schedule 8.6.1, the applicable Loan Party having rights in such Collateral shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain a Collateral Access Agreement with respect thereto.
8.6.2    Insurance of Collateral; Condemnation Proceeds.
(a)    (1) Each Loan Party shall maintain insurance with respect to the Collateral, covering casualty, hazard, theft, malicious mischief, flood and other risks, in amounts, with endorsements and with insurers (with a Best’s Financial Strength Rating of at least A+, unless otherwise approved by Agent) consistent with past practices. Proceeds under each policy in excess of $10,000,000 per claim, to the extent arising out of the ABL Collateral, shall be payable to Agent (for application by Agent (i) in accordance with Section 5.5 or 5.6, if applicable, (ii) if a Default has occurred and is continuing, to payment of the Revolver Loans of the applicable Borrower or (iii) so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, for payment to Loan Party Agent). (2) From time to time upon request, Loan Party Agent shall deliver to Agent the originals or certified copies of its insurance policies. Unless Agent shall agree otherwise, each policy shall include satisfactory endorsements (i) showing Agent and its successors as lender’s loss payee, as its interests may appear; (ii) requiring at least thirty (30) days prior written notice to Agent in the event of cancellation of the policy for any reason whatsoever; and (iii) specifying that the interest of Agent shall not be impaired or invalidated by any act or neglect of any Loan Party or the owner of the property, nor by the occupation of the premises for purposes more hazardous than are permitted by the policy. If any Loan Party fails to provide and pay for any insurance, Agent may in consultation with the Loan Party Agent, but shall not be required to, procure the insurance and charge the Loan Parties therefor. Loan Party Agent agrees to deliver to Agent, promptly as rendered, copies of all material reports made to insurance companies. While no Event of Default exists, the Loan Parties may settle, adjust or compromise any insurance claim relating to the ABL Collateral, as long as the proceeds in excess of $10,000,000 per claim are delivered to Agent (for application by Agent as specified in the first sentence of this clause (a)(1)). If an Event of Default exists, only Agent shall be authorized to settle, adjust and compromise claims in excess of $500,000 in the aggregate related to the ABL Collateral.

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(b)    Any proceeds of insurance (other than proceeds from workers’ compensation or D&O insurance) and any awards arising from condemnation of, in each case, any ABL Collateral, or any proceeds or awards that relate to Inventory included in the ABL Collateral, in any such case in excess of $10,000,000 per claim, to the extent received by any Loan Party, shall be paid to Agent (for application by Agent as specified in the first sentence of the foregoing clause (a)(1)).
8.6.3    Protection of Collateral. All expenses of protecting, storing, warehousing, insuring, handling, maintaining and shipping any Collateral of a Loan Party Group, all Taxes payable with respect to any Collateral of a Loan Party Group (including any sale thereof), and all other payments required to be made by Agent to any Person to realize upon any Collateral of a Loan Party Group, shall be borne and paid by the Loan Parties of such Loan Party Group. Agent shall not be liable or responsible in any way for the safekeeping of any Collateral, for any loss or damage thereto (except for reasonable care in its custody while Collateral is in Agent’s actual possession), for any diminution in the value thereof, or for any act or default of any warehouseman, carrier, forwarding agency or other Person whatsoever, but the same shall be at the Loan Parties’ sole risk.
8.6.4    Defense of Title to Collateral. Each Loan Party shall at all times defend in a manner consistent with past practices its title to any material Collateral and Agent’s Liens therein against all Persons, claims and demands whatsoever, except Permitted Liens.
8.7    Power of Attorney. Each Loan Party hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints Agent (and all Persons designated by Agent) as such Loan Party’s true and lawful attorney (and agent-in-fact), coupled with an interest, for the purposes and during the times provided in this Section. Agent, or Agent’s designee, may, without notice and in either its or a Loan Party’s name, but at the cost and expense of the Loan Parties within such Loan Party’s Loan Party Group:
(a)    Endorse a Loan Party’s name on any Payment Item or other proceeds of Collateral (including proceeds of insurance) that come into Agent’s possession or control; and
(b)    After an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, (i) notify any Account Debtors of the assignment of their Accounts, demand and enforce payment of Accounts by legal proceedings or otherwise, and generally exercise any rights and remedies with respect to Accounts; (ii) settle, adjust, modify, compromise, discharge or release any Accounts or other Collateral, or any legal proceedings brought to collect Accounts or Collateral; (iii) sell or assign any Accounts and other Collateral upon such terms, for such amounts and at such times as Agent deems advisable; (iv) collect, liquidate and receive balances in DACA Deposit Accounts or investment accounts, and take control, in any manner, of proceeds of Collateral; (v) prepare, file and sign a Loan Party’s name to a proof of claim or other document in a bankruptcy of an Account Debtor, or to any notice, assignment or satisfaction of Lien or similar document; (vi) receive, open and dispose of mail addressed to a Loan Party, and notify postal authorities to deliver any such mail to an address designated by Agent; (vii) endorse any Chattel Paper, Document, Instrument, bill of lading, or other document or agreement relating to any Accounts, Inventory or other Collateral; (viii) use a Loan Party’s stationery and sign its name to verifications of Accounts and notices to Account Debtors; (ix) use information contained in any data processing, electronic or information systems relating to Collateral; (x) make and adjust claims under insurance policies; (xi) take any action as may be necessary or appropriate to obtain payment under any letter of credit, banker’s acceptance or other instrument constituting Collateral for which a Loan Party is a beneficiary; and (xii) take all other actions as Agent deems appropriate to fulfill any Loan Party’s obligations under the Loan Documents.

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SECTION 9. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
9.1    General Representations and Warranties. To induce Agent and Lenders to enter into this Agreement and to make available the Commitments, Loans and Letters of Credit, each Loan Party hereby jointly and severally with the other Loan Parties represents and warrants that:
9.1.1    Organization and Qualification. Each Loan Party and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (or equivalent) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, except, other than Holdings or any Borrower, where failure to be so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Each Loan Party and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries is duly qualified, authorized to do business and in good standing as a foreign or extra provincial, as the case may be, corporation, limited liability company, exempted company or other entity in each jurisdiction, except where failure to be so qualified, authorized or in good standing could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The information included in the Beneficial Ownership Certification most recently provided to Agent and each Lender is true and complete in all respects.
9.1.2    Power and Authority. Each Loan Party is duly authorized to execute, deliver and perform the Loan Documents to which it is a party. The execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of the Loan Documents to which it is a party have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate (or equivalent) action of such Loan Party, and do not (a) require any consent or approval of any holders of Equity Interests of such Loan Party or any Governmental Authority, in each case, other than those already obtained; (b) contravene the Organization Documents of such Loan Party; (c) violate or cause a default under any material applicable Law binding on such Loan Party or Material Contract of such Loan Party, except, with respect to Material Contracts, which could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; (d) require any registration or filing with, or any other action by, any Governmental Authority, except (i) such as have been obtained or made and are in full force and effect, (ii) filings necessary to perfect Liens created by the Loan Documents and (iii) consents, approvals, registrations, filings, permits or actions the failure to obtain or perform which could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; or (e) result in or require the imposition of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any asset or property of any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary.

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9.1.3    Enforceability. Each Loan Document is a legal, valid and binding obligation of each Loan Party party thereto, enforceable against such Loan Party in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in law or in equity.
9.1.4    Corporate Names; Capital Structure. Schedule 9.1.4 shows, for Holdings and each Restricted Subsidiary, its name, its jurisdiction of organization, its issued Equity Interests, the holders of its Equity Interests, in each case, as of April 4, 2014the First Amendment Effective Date.
9.1.5    Locations. As of April 4, 2014the First Amendment Effective Date, the chief executive offices and other places of business of the Loan Parties are shown on Schedule 8.6.1.
9.1.6    Title to Properties; Priority of Liens.
(a)    Each Loan Party and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries has good and marketable title to (or valid leasehold interests in) all of its Real Estate, and good title to, or rights in, all of its personal tangible property, in each case with respect to such Real Estate and personal property which is material to its business, including all property reflected in any financial statements delivered to Agent or the Lenders, in each case free of Liens except Permitted Liens.
(b)    [Reserved].
9.1.7    Accounts and Inventory. (a) Agent may rely, in determining which Accounts are Eligible Accounts, on all statements and representations made by or on behalf of the Borrowers with respect thereto. All Accounts included in the calculation of Eligible Accounts in any Borrowing Base Certificate are Eligible Accounts as of the date of such Borrowing Base Certificate. Borrowers warrant, with respect to each Account at the time it is shown as an Eligible Account in a Borrowing Base Certificate, that:
(i)    it is genuine and in all respects what it purports to be, and is not evidenced by a judgment;
(ii)    it arises out of a completed, bona fide sale and delivery of goods or rendition of services in the ordinary course of business, and substantially in accordance with any purchase order, contract or other document relating thereto;
(iii)    it is for a sum certain, maturing as stated in the invoice covering such sale or rendition of services, a copy of which has been furnished or is available to Agent on request;
(iv)    it is not subject to any offset, Lien (other than Permitted Liens), deduction, ongoing defense, dispute or counterclaim, except as arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise disclosed to Agent; and it is absolutely owing by the Account Debtor, without contingency in any respect;
(v)    no purchase order, agreement, document or applicable Law restricts assignment of the Account to Agent (regardless of whether, under the UCC or the PPSA, the restriction is ineffective), and the applicable Borrower is the sole payee or remittance party shown on the invoice;

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(vi)    no extension, compromise, settlement, modification, credit, deduction or return has been authorized with respect to the Account, except (i) discounts or allowances granted in the ordinary course of business for prompt payment that are reflected on the face of the invoice related thereto and in the reports submitted to Agent hereunder or (ii) other discounts or allowances reflected in the Value of such Account; and
(vii)    to the best of the applicable Borrower’s knowledge, (A) there are no facts or circumstances that are reasonably likely to impair the enforceability or collectability of such Account, (B) the Account Debtor had the capacity to contract when the Account arose, continues to meet the applicable Borrower’s customary credit standards, is Solvent, is not contemplating or subject to an Insolvency Proceeding, and has not failed, or suspended or ceased doing business; and (C) there are no proceedings or actions threatened or pending against any Account Debtor that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Account Debtor’s financial condition.
(b)    Agent may rely, in determining which Inventory is Eligible Inventory, on all statements and representations made by or on behalf of the Borrowers with respect thereto. All Inventory included in the calculation of Eligible Inventory in any Borrowing Base Certificate is Eligible Inventory as of the date of such Borrowing Base Certificate.
9.1.8    Financial Statements; Solvency; Material Adverse Effect.
(a)    The consolidated balance sheets, and related statements of income, cash flow and shareholder’s equity, of Parent and its Subsidiaries that have been and are hereafter delivered to Agent and Lenders, in each case, are and will be prepared in accordance with GAAP, and fairly present the financial positions and results of operations of such Persons at the dates and for the periods indicated, subject to year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes in the case of statements prepared other than at year-end. All projections delivered from time to time to Agent and Lenders by or on behalf of the Loan Parties and Restricted Subsidiaries have been prepared in good faith, based on assumptions believed by Holdings to be reasonable at the time delivered to Agent, in light of the circumstances at such time.
(b)    Since December 31, 2015, there has been no change in the condition, financial or otherwise, of Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(c)    No financial statement delivered to Agent or Lenders by or on behalf of any of the Loan Parties and the Restricted Subsidiaries at any time contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading as of the time when made or delivered.
(d)    After giving effect to the Transactions, on the Third Restatement Date, the Canadian Borrower and its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries and the U.S. Borrower and its consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries, in each case taken as a whole, are Solvent.

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9.1.9    Taxes. Except to the extent it could reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect, Holdings and each Restricted Subsidiary has timely filed all federal and state income tax returns, and all local and provincial income tax returns and other reports that it is required by law to file, and has timely paid, or made provision for the payment of, all federal and state Taxes upon it and all local and provincial and other Taxes upon it, and its income and its Properties that are due and payable, except to the extent being Properly Contested.
9.1.10    [Intentionally Omitted]
9.1.11    Intellectual Property. Except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, each Loan Party and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries owns or has the lawful right to use all Intellectual Property used, held for use or otherwise necessary in the conduct of its business, without conflict with any rights of others. No Intellectual Property owned or used by a Loan Party or any Restricted Subsidiary that is material to the operations or business of any Loan Party has been adjudged invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction or applicable intellectual property registry or been cancelled, in whole or in part, except where such judgment, decree, ruling or cancellation could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no pending or, to any Loan Party’s knowledge, threatened Intellectual Property Claim with respect to any Loan Party, any Restricted Subsidiary or any of their property (including any Intellectual Property), and the operation of the businesses of each Loan Party and Restricted Subsidiary does not infringe upon, misappropriate, dilute or otherwise violate the proprietary rights of any third party, except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. All material U.S. Intellectual Property owned, used, held for use or licensed by, or otherwise subject to any interests of, any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date is shown on Schedule 9.1.11.
9.1.12    Governmental Approvals. Each Loan Party and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries has, is in compliance with, and is in good standing with respect to, all Governmental Approvals necessary to conduct its business and to own, lease and operate its Properties, except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. All necessary import, export or other licenses, permits or certificates for the import or handling of any goods or other Collateral have been procured and are in effect, and the Loan Parties and Restricted Subsidiaries have complied with all foreign and domestic laws with respect to the shipment and importation of any goods or Collateral, except where such noncompliance could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

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9.1.13    Compliance with Laws. Each Loan Party and each of the Restricted Subsidiaries has duly complied, and its properties and business operations are in compliance, in each case in all respects, with all applicable Laws (including Environmental Laws and with respect to Environmental Permits), except where noncompliance could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There have been no citations, notices or orders relating to noncompliance issued to any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary under any applicable Law, except where such noncompliance would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Inventory has been produced in violation of the FLSA, except where such violation could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
9.1.14    Compliance with Environmental Laws. Except as disclosed on Schedule 9.1.14 or would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) no Loan Party’s or Restricted Subsidiary’s present or, to its knowledge, former operations, Real Estate or other properties are subject to any federal, state, provincial, territorial or local investigation to determine whether any remedial action is required under Environmental Law to address any environmental pollution, Hazardous Material or environmental clean-up, (ii) no Hazardous Materials are present and there has been no Release or threat of Release of Hazardous Materials at any current facility, or to the knowledge of any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary, at any former facility, in a manner or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in Environmental Liability, (iii) no Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary has received any Environmental Claim and (iv) no Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary knows of any facts, conditions or circumstances which would reasonably be expected to give rise to any Environmental Liability.
9.1.15    Burdensome Contracts. No Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is a party or subject to any contract, agreement or charter restriction that has resulted in or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is party or subject to any Restrictive Agreement other than, (v) the Loan Documents, (w) the Permitted Secured Debt Documents, (x) customary non-assignment provisions with respect to leases or licensing agreements entered into by the Loan Parties or any of their Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, (y) any restriction or encumbrance with respect to any asset of the Loan Parties or any of their Restricted Subsidiaries imposed pursuant to an agreement which has been entered into for the sale or disposition of such assets otherwise permitted under this Agreement, (z) customary provisions in joint venture agreements and other similar agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business, (aa) customary restrictions in connection with a Permitted Receivables Financing, if any, (bb) Restrictive Agreements relating to Incremental Equivalent Debt otherwise permitted hereunder, (cc) agreements to which a Foreign Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party is party to the extent that the restrictions or conditions therein are imposed only on such Foreign Subsidiary and other Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties and (dd) Restrictive Agreements relating to Refinancing Indebtedness otherwise permitted hereunder. No Restrictive Agreement prohibits the execution, delivery or performance of any Loan Document by a Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary.

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9.1.16    Litigation. Except as shown on Schedule 9.1.16, there are no proceedings or investigations pending or, to any Loan Party’s knowledge, threatened against any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary, or any of their businesses, operations, properties or conditions, that (a) relate to any Loan Document or the Transactions; or (b) have resulted in or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as shown on Schedule 9.1.16, no Loan Party has a commercial tort claim (other than commercial tort claims for less than $10,000,000). No Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is in default with respect to any order, injunction or judgment of any Governmental Authority that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
9.1.17    No Defaults. No event or circumstance has occurred or exists that constitutes a Default or Event of Default. No Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is in default, and no event or circumstance has occurred or exists that with the passage of time or giving of notice would constitute a default by any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary, under any Material Contract that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
9.1.18    ERISA.
(a)    Except as could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect, each Pension Plan is in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and other federal or state Laws.
(b)    There are no pending or, to the knowledge of any Loan Party, threatened claims, actions or lawsuits, or action by any Governmental Authority, with respect to any Pension Plan that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(c)    (i) No ERISA Event has occurred and no Loan Party is aware of any fact, event or circumstance that could reasonably be expected to constitute or result in an ERISA Event with respect to any Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (ii) no Pension Plan has any Unfunded Pension Liability as of the Pension Plan’s most recent valuation date; (iii) neither any Loan Party nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred, or reasonably expects to incur any liability (and no event has occurred which, with the giving of notice under Section 4219 of ERISA, would result in such liability) under Section 4201 or 4243 of ERISA with respect to a Multiemployer Plan; (iv) neither any Loan Party nor any ERISA Affiliate has engaged in a transaction that could be subject to Sections 4069 or 4212(c) of ERISA, except with respect to each of the foregoing clauses of this Section 9.1.18(c), as could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(d)    With respect to each scheme or arrangement related to retirement or pension obligations mandated by a government other than the United States or Canada (a “Foreign Government Scheme or Arrangement”) and with respect to each retirement or pension plan maintained or contributed to by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries that is not subject to United States or Canadian law (a “Foreign Plan”):
(i)    any employer and employee contributions required by law or by the terms of any Foreign Government Scheme or Arrangement or any Foreign Plan have been made, or, if applicable, accrued, in accordance with normal accounting practices, except for any failure that could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;
(ii)    the fair market value of the assets of each funded Foreign Plan, the liability of each insurer for any Foreign Plan funded through insurance or the book reserve established for

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any Foreign Plan, together with any accrued contributions, is sufficient to procure or provide for the accrued benefit obligations, as of the Third Restatement Date, with respect to all current and former participants in such Foreign Plan according to the actuarial assumptions and valuations most recently used to account for such obligations in accordance with applicable generally accepted accounting principles except for any underfunding that could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and
(iii)    each Foreign Plan required to be registered has been registered and has been maintained in compliance with its terms and with the requirements of any and all applicable laws, statutes, rules, regulations and orders and has been maintained, where required, in good standing with applicable regulatory authorities, except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(e)    Except as could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect in the case of clauses (i), (ii) or (v), (i) the Canadian Domiciled Loan Parties are in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of the PBA with respect to each Canadian Pension Plan and in compliance with any FSCO order directed specifically at a Canadian Pension Plan; (ii) except as disclosed on Schedule 9.1.18(e), no Canadian Pension Plan has any Unfunded Pension Liability as of January 1, 2014the First Amendment Effective Date with respect to the Retirement Benefit Agreement between Cooper-Standard Automotive Canada Limited and the National Automobile, Aerospace, Transportation and General Workers Union of Canada (C.A.W.) Local 876 and as of January 1, 2014the First Amendment Effective Date with respect to the Pension Plan for Salaried Employees of Cooper-Standard Automotive Canada Limited; (iii) no fact or situation that may reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect exists in connection with any Canadian Pension Plan; (iv) no Termination Event has occurred, except where prior written notice of such Termination Event has been given to Agent in accordance with Section 10.2.16; (v) all contributions required to be made by any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party or Subsidiary to any Canadian Pension Plan have been made in a timely fashion in accordance with the terms of such Canadian Pension Plan and the PBA; (vi) no Lien has arisen, choate or inchoate, in respect of any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party or their property in connection with any Canadian Pension Plan (save for contribution amounts not yet due), other than Permitted Liens and (vii) as of the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date the FSCO or the Superintendent has not issued any notices of wind up in respect of any Canadian Pension Plan.
9.1.19    Trade Relations. There exists no actual or, to the knowledge of any Loan Party, threatened termination, limitation or modification of any business relationship between any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary, on the one hand, and any customer or supplier, or any group of customers or suppliers, on the other hand, which individually or in the aggregate could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. There exists no condition or circumstance that has materially impaired or could reasonably be expected to materially impair the ability of any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary to conduct its business at any time hereafter in substantially the same manner as conducted on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date.

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9.1.20    Labor Relations. Except as described on Schedule 9.1.20, on April 4, 2014the First Amendment Effective Date no Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is party to or bound by any collective bargaining agreement, management agreement, consulting agreement or Multiemployer Plan. Except as could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, there are no material grievances, unfair labor practices complaints or other disputes with any union or other organization of any Loan Party’s or Restricted Subsidiary’s employees or consultants, or, to any Loan Party’s knowledge, any asserted or to the knowledge of any Loan Party, threatened strikes, walkouts or work stoppages.
9.1.21    Payable Practices. No Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary has made any material change in its historical accounts payable practices from those in effect on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date.
9.1.22    Not a Regulated Entity. No Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is (a) an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940; or (b) subject to regulation under the Federal Power Act, any public utilities code or any other applicable Law regarding its authority to incur Indebtedness.
9.1.23    Margin Stock. No Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary is engaged, principally or as one of its important activities, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the FRB). No Loan proceeds or Letters of Credit will be used to purchase or carry, or to reduce or refinance any Indebtedness incurred to purchase or carry, any margin stock or for any related purpose governed by Regulations T, U or X of the FRB.
9.1.24    Perfection, Etc.
(a)    The Pledge and Security Agreement and the Canadian Security Agreements are effective to create in favor of Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties, legal, valid and enforceable Liens on, and security interest in, the Pledge and Security Agreement Collateral and Collateral, as applicable, and, (i) when financing statements and other filings in appropriate form are filed in the offices specified on Schedule 9.1.24, and (ii) upon the taking of possession or control by Agent of the Pledge and Security Agreement Collateral and Collateral, as applicable, with respect to which a security interest may be perfected only by possession or control (which possession or control shall be given to Agent to the extent possession or control by Agent is required by the Pledge and Security Agreement or the Canadian Security Agreements), the Liens created by the Pledge and Security Agreement and the Canadian Security Agreements shall constitute fully perfected Liens on, and security interests in, all right, title and interest of the grantors in the Pledge and Security Agreement Collateral and the Collateral to the extent perfection is required in accordance with the terms of the Pledge and Security Agreement or the Canadian Security Agreement (other than such Pledge and Security Agreement Collateral or Collateral in which a security interest cannot be perfected under the UCC or the PPSA as in effect at the relevant time in the relevant jurisdiction by the filing of a financing statement or possession or control by the secured party), in each case subject to (i) no Liens other than Liens permitted under the Loan Documents and (ii) the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement.
(b)    The Liens created by each Intellectual Property Security Agreement constitute fully perfected Liens on, and security interests in, all right, title and interest of the grantors thereunder in such of the Intellectual Property as consists of Patents and Trademarks (each as defined in the Pledge and

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Security Agreement) registered or applied for with the United States Patent and Trademark Office or Copyrights (as defined in the Pledge and Security Agreement) registered or applied for with the United States Copyright Office, as the case may be, in each case to the extent perfection is required in accordance with the terms of the Pledge and Security Agreement and in each case subject to no Liens other than Liens permitted under the Loan Documents.
(c)    [Reserved].
(d)    Each Security Document delivered pursuant to Section 10.1.11 creates, when delivered in favor of Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, legal, valid and enforceable Liens on, and security interests in, all of the Loan Parties’ right, title and interest in and to the Collateral described thereunder, and such Security Document constitutes fully perfected Liens on, and security interests in, all right, title and interest of the Loan Parties in such Collateral (to the extent intended to be created thereby and required to be perfected under the Loan Documents), in each case subject to no Liens other than the Liens permitted under the Loan Documents.
9.1.25    OFAC; Sanctions. No Borrower or Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of any Borrower or Subsidiary, any director, officer, employee, agent, affiliate or representative thereof, is an individual or entity currently the subject of any Sanctions. No Borrower or Subsidiary is located, organized or resident in a Designated Jurisdiction. No part of the proceeds of any Loan shall, nor shall any Letter of Credit, in any case, be used directly or indirectly in violation of any Anti-Terrorism Laws or Sanctions.
9.1.26    EEAAffected Financial Institution. No Loan Party is an EEAAffected Financial Institution.
9.1.27    Anti-Corruption Laws. No Borrower or Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, any director, officer, employee, agent, controlled affiliate or representative thereof has (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; (iv) violated or is in violation of any provision of the Bribery Act 2010 of the United Kingdom; or (v) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment. Each Borrower and its Subsidiaries have instituted, maintain and enforce, and will continue to maintain and enforce, policies and procedures designed to promote and ensure compliance with all applicable anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws.

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9.2    Complete Disclosure. None of the representations or warranties made by any Loan Party in the Loan Documents as of the date such representations and warranties are made or deemed made, and none of the statements contained in each exhibit, report, statement or certificate furnished by or on behalf of any Loan Party in connection with the Loan Documents, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, taken as a whole, not materially misleading in any material respect as of the time when made or delivered. There is no fact or circumstance that any Loan Party has failed to disclose to Agent in writing that has resulted in or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 10. COVENANTS AND CONTINUING AGREEMENTS
10.1    Affirmative Covenants. As long as any Commitments or Obligations (other than indemnity obligations that are not currently due and payable) are outstanding, each Loan Party, jointly and severally with the other Loan Parties, agrees that it shall, and shall cause each Subsidiary to:
10.1.1    Financial and Other Information. Keep adequate records and books of account with respect to its business activities, in which proper entries are made in accordance with GAAP reflecting all financial transactions; and to furnish to Agent (on behalf of the Lenders):
(a)    as soon as available, but in any event within ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year of HoldingsParent, a consolidated balance sheet of HoldingsParent and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal year, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for such fiscal year, in each case with all consolidating information regarding HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries required to reflect the adjustments necessary to eliminate the accounts of any Unrestricted Subsidiaries from such consolidated financial statements, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail and prepared in accordance with GAAP, audited and accompanied by a report and opinion of Ernst & Young LLP or any other independent certified public accountant of nationally recognized standing, which report and opinion shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any “going concern” or like qualification, exception or explanatory paragraph or any qualification, exception or explanatory paragraph as to the scope of such audit;
(b)    for each month ending during any Financial Covenant Trigger Period or on the date of occurrence of the trigger for any Financial Covenant Trigger Period, as soon as available, and in any event within thirty (30) days after the end of any such month and within five (5) days after the occurrence of the trigger for any Financial Covenant Trigger Period, unaudited balance sheets as of the end of such month and the related statements of income for such month and for the portion of the fiscal year then elapsed, on a consolidated basis (for Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries), in an internal management reporting format, consistent with past practices, setting forth in comparative form corresponding figures for the preceding fiscal year and certified by a Responsible Officer of Loan Party Agent as being prepared in accordance with GAAP and fairly presenting the financial position and results of operations for such month and period, subject to normal year-end adjustments and the absence of footnotes;
(c)    as soon as available, but in any event within forty-five (45) days after the end of each of the first three (3) fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of Holdings, a consolidated balance sheet of HoldingsParent and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal quarter, and the related consolidated

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statements of income or operations and cash flows for such fiscal quarter and for the portion of the fiscal year then ended, in each case with all consolidating information regarding HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries required to reflect the adjustments necessary to eliminate the accounts of any Unrestricted Subsidiaries from such consolidated financial statements, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding fiscal quarter of the previous fiscal year and the corresponding portion of the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail and certified by a Responsible Officer of HoldingsParent as fairly presenting in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of Holdings and its Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP, subject only to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes;
(d)    concurrently with delivery of financial statements under clauses (a) and (c) above (or concurrently with delivery of financial statements under clause (b) above during a Financial Covenant Trigger Period), and more frequently if requested by Agent while an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, a Compliance Certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of Holdings;
(e)    not later than the earlier of seventy-five (75) days after the end of each fiscal year of Holdingsthe Parent or thirty (30) days after the approval of the Board of Directors thereof, concurrently with delivery of financial statements under clause (a) above, reasonably detailed forecasts prepared by management of Holdings (including projected consolidated balance sheets, income statements, and EBITDA, cash flow statements and Availability of the Borrowers and their Restricted Subsidiaries) on a quarterly basis for the fiscal year following such fiscal year then ended;
(f)    at Agent’s request (but in no event more frequently than once each calendar quarter, so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing), a listing of each Loan Party’s trade payables, specifying the trade creditor and balance due, and a detailed trade payable aging, all in form reasonably satisfactory to Agent;
(g)    promptly after the sending or filing thereof, copies of any final proxy statements, financial statements or reports that HoldingsParent has generally made publicly available to its shareholders; copies of any regular, periodic and special reports (including reports on Form 8-K and 10-Q) or registration statements (other than registration statements on Form S-8) or prospectuses that any Loan Party files with the SEC; and copies of any press releases or other statements made available by a Loan Party to the public concerning material changes to or developments in the business of such Loan Party;
(h)    at Agent’s request, after the filing thereof, copies of any annual information report or return (including all actuarial reports and other schedules and attachments thereto), required to be filed with a Governmental Authority, or the filing of any request for funding relief with the Superintendent in connection with each Pension Plan or any Canadian Pension Plan; promptly upon receipt, copies of any notice, demand, inquiry or subpoena received in connection with any Plan or Canadian Pension Plan from a Governmental Authority (including FSCO and the Superintendent) (other than routine inquiries in the course of application for a favorable IRS determination letter); at Agent’s request, copies of any annual return required to be filed with a Governmental Authority in connection with any other Plan or Canadian Pension Plan;
(i)    promptly, after receipt thereof by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof, copies of each notice or other correspondence received from the SEC (or comparable agency in any applicable

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non-U.S. jurisdiction) concerning any material investigation or other material inquiry by such agency regarding financial or other operational results of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof;
(j)    (i) promptly upon becoming aware of the occurrence of any ERISA Event (or Foreign Plan Event) that, alone or together with any other ERISA Events (or Foreign Plan Events) that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in liability of Holdings or its Restricted Subsidiaries in an amount that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, a written notice specifying the nature thereof, what action Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has taken, are taking or propose to take with respect thereto and, when known, any action taken or threatened by the IRS, the Department of Labor, the PBGC or any other Governmental Authority or Multiemployer Plan sponsor with respect thereto; and (ii) with reasonable promptness, upon request by Agent, copies of (1) each Schedule B (Actuarial Information) to the annual report (Form 5500 Series) filed by Borrower or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with the IRS with respect to each Pension Plan; (2) the most recent actuarial valuation report for each Pension Plan that is sponsored or contributed to by Holdings or its Restricted Subsidiaries; (3) all notices received by Holdings or its Restricted Subsidiaries from a Multiemployer Plan sponsor or any Governmental Authority concerning an ERISA Event or Foreign Plan Event; and (4) such other documents or governmental reports or filings relating to any Person Plan, Multiemployer Plan or Foreign Plan as Agent shall reasonably request;
(k)    together with the delivery of each Compliance Certificate pursuant to Section 10.1.1(d), a report supplementing Schedules 9.1.4, 9.1.6(b) and 9.1.11;
(l)    as soon as practicable and in any event by the last day of each fiscal year, a report in form reasonably satisfactory to Agent outlining all material insurance coverage maintained as of the date of such report by Holdings and its Subsidiaries and all material insurance coverage planned to be maintained by Holdings and its Subsidiaries in the immediately succeeding fiscal year;
(m)    such other reports and information (financial or otherwise) as Agent may reasonably request from time to time in connection with any Collateral or any Loan Party’s or Restricted Subsidiary’s financial condition or business; and
(n)    upon receipt or delivery thereof by or to Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary, any notice of “Default” or “Event of Default” (under and as defined in the Permitted Secured Debt Documents or the Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Documents) and, without duplication of any report required to be provided hereunder, each material report required to be provided pursuant to the Permitted Secured Debt Documents or the Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Documents and, upon execution thereof, any waiver, amendment or other modification to the Permitted Secured Debt Documents or the Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Documents.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) in the event that Holdings delivers to Agent an Annual Report for Holdingsthe Parent on Form 10-K for such fiscal year, as filed with the SEC, within 90 days after the end of such fiscal year, such Form 10-K shall satisfy all requirements of paragraph (a) of this Section 10.1.1 to the extent that it contains the information required by such paragraph (a) and does not contain any “going concern” or like qualification, exception or explanatory paragraph or qualification or any exception or explanatory paragraph as to the scope of such audit and (ii) in the event that Holdings delivers to Agent a Quarterly Report for Holdingsthe Parent on Form 10-Q for such fiscal quarter, as filed with the SEC, within 45 days after the end of such fiscal quarter, such Form 10-Q shall satisfy all requirements of paragraph (b) of this Section 10.1.1 to the extent that it contains the information required by such paragraph (b); in each

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case to the extent that information contained in such 10-K or 10-Q satisfies the requirements of paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 10.1.1, as the case may be.

So long as (i) Holdingsthe Parent is a registrant for purposes of U.S. federal securities laws or (ii) Holdingsthe Parent or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has Indebtedness outstanding (other than the Facilities) with respect to which it must prepare financial statements in accordance with Regulation S-X, in each case with respect to any fiscal period covered by or included in any financial statements delivered by Holdings pursuant to Section 10.1.1(a) or (b), such financial statements delivered by Holdings pursuant to Section 10.1.1(a) or (b) shall be in such form as shall meet the requirements of Regulation S-X, and all other accounting rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, required of a registrant.

Holdings will be permitted to satisfy its obligations with respect to financial information relating to HoldingsParent described in clauses (a) and (b) above by furnishing financial information relating to any Parent Entity; provided that the same is accompanied by consolidating information that explains in reasonable detail the differences between the information relating to any Parent Entity and any of its Subsidiaries other than Holdings and its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the information relating to Holdings, the Subsidiary Guarantors and the other Restricted Subsidiaries of Holdings on a standalone basis, on the other hand.

Documents required to be delivered pursuant to this Section 10.1.1 may be delivered electronically and if so delivered, shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date (i) on which Holdings posts such documents, or provides a link thereto to any Parent Entity’s website on the internet at the website address “cooperstandard.com”; or (ii) on which such documents are posted on Holdings’ behalf on an internet or intranet website, if any, to which each Lender and Agent have access (whether a commercial, third-party website or whether sponsored by Agent); provided that: (i) upon written request by Agent, Holdings shall deliver paper copies of such documents to Agent for further distribution to each Lender until a written request to cease delivering paper copies is given by Agent or such Lender and (ii) Holdings shall notify (which may be facsimile or electronic mail) Agent of the posting of any such documents and provide to Agent by electronic mail electronic versions (i.e., soft copies) of such documents. Agent shall have no obligation to request the delivery of or to maintain or deliver to Lenders paper copies of the documents referred to above, and in any event shall have no responsibility to monitor compliance by Holdings with any such request for delivery, and each Lender shall be solely responsible for timely accessing posted documents or requesting delivery and maintaining its copies of such documents.

Holdings hereby acknowledges that (a) Agent will make available to the Lenders materials and/or information provided by or on behalf of Holdings hereunder (collectively, “Borrower Materials”) by posting the Borrower Materials on IntraLinks or another similar electronic system (the “Platform”) and (b) certain of the Lenders (each, a “Public Lender”) may have personnel who do not wish to receive material non-public information with respect to the Parent or its Subsidiaries, or the respective securities of any of the foregoing, and who may be engaged in investment and other market-related activities with respect to such Persons’ securities. Holdings hereby agrees that it will use commercially reasonable efforts to identify that portion of the Borrower Materials that may be distributed to the Public Lenders and that (w) all such Borrower Materials shall be clearly and conspicuously marked “PUBLIC” which, at a minimum, shall mean that the word “PUBLIC” shall appear prominently on the first page thereof; (x) by marking Borrower Materials “PUBLIC,” Holdings shall be deemed to have authorized Agent, the Arranger, and the Lenders to treat such Borrower Materials as not containing any material non-public information (although it may be sensitive and proprietary) with respect to Holdings or its securities for purposes of United States federal

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and state securities laws (provided, however, that to the extent such Borrower Materials constitute Information, they shall be treated as set forth in Section 14.12); (y) all Borrower Materials marked “PUBLIC” are permitted to be made available through a portion of the Platform designated “Public Side Information;” and (z) Agent and the Lead Arrangers shall be entitled to treat any Borrower Materials that are not marked “PUBLIC” as being suitable only for posting on a portion of the Platform not designated “Public Side Information.”
10.1.2    Notices. Notify Agent in writing, promptly after a Responsible Officer of the Loan Party’s obtaining knowledge thereof, of any of the following that affects any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary:
(a)    any matter that has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
(b)    the existence of any Default or Event of Default;
(c)    the discharge of or any withdrawal or resignation by any of the Loan Parties’ independent accountants and any material change in accounting policies or financial reporting practices;
(d)    any (i) material breach by a plan sponsor of the terms of a Canadian Pension Plan, or (ii) action or inaction of a plan sponsor or administrator, in each case, provided that it could reasonably be expected to result in a Termination Event.
(e)    any Casualty Event that affects, in aggregate, Collateral with a book value in excess of the Dollar Equivalent of $6,000,000;
(f)    without duplication of any notice required to be provided hereunder, each material notice required to be provided pursuant to the Permitted Secured Debt Documents or the Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Documents;
(g)    promptly upon any Loan Party obtaining knowledge of (i) the institution of any Adverse Proceeding not previously disclosed in writing by Holdings to Agent, or (ii) any material development in any Adverse Proceeding that, in the case of clause (i) could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, or seeks to enjoin or otherwise prevent the consummation of the Transactions, written notice thereof together with such other information as may be reasonably available to Holdings to enable Agent and its counsel to evaluate such matters;
(h)    any rent disputes involving a Loan Party with respect to a location where any material Collateral is located.
Each notice pursuant to this Section 10.1.2 shall be accompanied by a statement of a Responsible Officer of Holdings setting forth details of the occurrence referred to therein and stating what action Holdings has taken and proposes to take with respect thereto. Each notice pursuant to Section 10.1.2(b) shall describe

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with particularity any and all provisions of this Agreement and any other Loan Document that have been breached.
10.1.3    Landlord and Storage Agreements. Upon Agent’s commercially reasonable request, provide Agent with copies of all existing agreements, and promptly after execution thereof provide Agent with copies of all future agreements, in each case, between a Loan Party and/or a Restricted Subsidiary and any landlord, warehouseman, processor, shipper, bailee or other Person that owns any premises at which any material Collateral may be kept or that otherwise may possess or handle any material Collateral.
10.1.4    Compliance with Laws. Comply with all applicable Laws, including ERISA (and analogous foreign legislation), Environmental Laws, FLSA, OSHA, Anti-Terrorism Laws and laws regarding collection and payment of Taxes, and maintain all Governmental Approvals necessary to the ownership of its Properties or conduct of its business, unless such failure to so comply (other than failure to comply with Anti-Terrorism Laws) or to so maintain would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, if any environmental Release of Hazardous Materials occurs at, on, under or from any Real Estate of any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, it shall, to the extent required of it by Environmental Law, reasonably conduct investigation and remediation of such Release.
10.1.5    Taxes. Pay and discharge all Taxes prior to the date on which they become delinquent or penalties attach, unless such Taxes are being Properly Contested or where the failure to pay could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
10.1.6    Preservation of Existence, Etc. (a) Preserve, renew and maintain in full force and effect its legal existence under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization except in a transaction permitted by Section 10.2.7, (b) take all reasonable action to maintain all material rights, privileges (including its good standing), permits, licenses and franchises necessary or desirable in the normal conduct of its business, and (c) maintain all of its material Intellectual Property, except, in each case (other than the Loan Parties with respect to clause (a)), as would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

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10.1.7    Maintenance of Properties. Maintain, preserve and protect all of its assets or property necessary in the operation of its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted and casualty or condemnation excepted, and make all necessary repairs thereto and renewals and replacement thereof, in each case, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
10.1.8    Insurance.
(a)    Maintain with financially sound and reputable insurance companies, insurance with respect to its property and business against loss or damage of the kinds customarily insured against by Persons engaged in similar businesses (including business interruption insurance in amount customarily maintained by similarly situated companies engaged in the same or similar business in the same or similar locations), in each case in such amounts (giving effect to self-insurance), with such deductibles, covering such risks and otherwise on such terms and conditions as shall be customary for such Persons. Each such policy of insurance (other than worker’s compensation, directors and officers liability or other insurance where endorsements, such Insurance Assignments or additions are not customarily available) shall (i) name Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties as a lender’s loss payee thereunder as its interests may appear and (ii) in the case of each casualty insurance policy, contain a loss payable clause or endorsement, reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to Agent, that names Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, as the first loss payee/mortgagee thereunder and provides for at least thirty days’ prior written notice to Agent of any modification or cancellation of such policy, in each case, to the extent acceptable to the insurer.
(b)    [Reserved].
10.1.9    Inspections; Appraisals.
(a)    Permit Agent from time to time, subject to reasonable notice and during normal business hours (except when an Event of Default exists), to visit and inspect the Properties of any Loan Party or Restricted Subsidiary in the United States and Canada, including, without limitation, inspect, audit and make extracts from any Loan Party’s or Restricted Subsidiary’s books and records, and discuss with its officers, employees, agents, advisors and independent accountants such Loan Party’s or Restricted Subsidiary’s business, financial condition, assets, prospects and results of operations. Neither Agent nor any Lender shall have any duty to any Loan Party to make any inspection, nor to share any results of any inspection, appraisal or report with any Loan Party (provided that, except when an Event of Default exists, a representative of Loan Party Agent is given the opportunity to be present during any discussion with any such agent, adviser or independent accountant). The Loan Parties acknowledge that all inspections, appraisals and reports are prepared by Agent and Lenders for their purposes, and the Loan Parties shall not be entitled to rely upon them. Notwithstanding the foregoing, appraisals of the Loan Parties’ Inventory shall not be required unless and until the Total Revolver Exposure (excluding the stated amount of Letters of Credit that have been issued but are undrawn) exceeds $75,000,000, in which case the Loan Party Agent shall provide to Agent at Agent’s request updated appraisals of the Loan Parties’ Inventory (a) within 45 days of such request and (b) thereafter, one time per Loan Year so long as, but only to the extent that, the Total Revolver Exposure (excluding the stated amount of Letters of Credit that have been issued but are undrawn) exceeds $75,000,000 at the time that Agent requests such appraisal, to increase to two (2) times per Loan Year (x) commencing on the day that an Event of Default occurs, or Average Period Availability (for a one-day period) is less than the greater of (i) $35,000,00025,000,000 and (ii) 17.5% of the Borrowing Base at such time; and (y) continuing until,

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during the preceding thirty (30) consecutive days, no Event of Default has existed and Average Period Availability has been greater than the greater of (i) $35,000,00025,000,000 and (ii) 17.5% of the Borrowing Base at such time.
(b)    Reimburse Agent in accordance with Section 3.4 for all charges, costs and expenses of Agent in connection with (i) examinations of any Loan Party’s books and records or any other financial or Collateral matters as Agent deems appropriate, up to one (1) time (or, during any Audit Trigger Period, two (2) times) per Loan Year; and (ii) subject to clause (a) above, appraisals of Inventory up to two (2) times per Loan Year; provided, however, that if an examination or appraisal is initiated during an Event of Default, all charges, costs and expenses therefor shall be reimbursed by the Loan Parties without regard to such limits. Subject to and without limiting the foregoing, the Loan Parties specifically agree to pay Agent’s then standard charges for each day that an employee of Agent or its Affiliates is engaged in any examination activities, and shall pay the standard charges of Agent’s internal appraisal group. Subject to the restrictions set forth in clause (a) above and this clause (b), Agent agrees, for the benefit of the Lenders, to commence examinations as referenced in this Section 10.1.9 on at least an annual basis. In addition to the foregoing, during an Event of Default, at its discretion, Agent shall be permitted to request appraisals of Fixed Asset Collateral up to one (1) time per Loan Year.
10.1.10    Use of Proceeds. Use the proceeds of any Loans for working capital and general corporate purposes of Holdings and its Subsidiaries, including acquisitions and investments and payment of fees and expenses in connection therewith.
10.1.11        Covenant to Guarantee Obligations and Give Security.
(a)    Upon the formation or acquisition of any new U.S. Subsidiary or Canadian Subsidiary of Holdings (provided, that each of (i) any redesignation resulting in an Unrestricted Subsidiary becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and (ii) any Excluded Subsidiary ceasing to be an Excluded Subsidiary but remaining a Restricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to constitute the acquisition of a Restricted Subsidiary for all purposes of this Section 10.1.11), or upon the acquisition of any personal property, including Intellectual Property (other than “Excluded Property” as defined in the Pledge and Security Agreement) by any U.S. Subsidiary or Canadian Subsidiary, then Holdings shall, in each case at Holdings’ expense:
(i)    in connection with (x) the formation or acquisition of a U.S. Subsidiary, within ninety (90) days after such formation or acquisition or such longer period as Agent may agree, (A) cause each such Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary to duly execute and deliver to Agent a guaranty or guaranty supplement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent, guaranteeing U.S./European Facility Obligations, and (B) (if not already so delivered) deliver certificates representing the Pledged Equity Interests of each such Subsidiary (other than any Unrestricted Subsidiary) accompanied by undated stock powers or other appropriate instruments of transfer executed in blank and instruments evidencing the Pledged Debt of such Subsidiary indorsed in blank to Agent, together with, if requested by Agent, Pledge Supplements or other pledge or security agreements with respect to the pledge of any Equity Interests or Indebtedness; provided, that only 65% of voting Equity Interests of any Foreign Subsidiary that is a CFC (or any U.S. Subsidiary described in clause (i) of the definition of Excluded Subsidiary) held by a Loan Party shall be required to be pledged as Collateral for the U.S./European Facility Obligations and no such restriction shall apply to non-voting Equity Interests of such Subsidiaries; provided, further, that notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement,

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no assets owned by any Foreign Subsidiary that is a CFC (including stock owned by such Foreign Subsidiary in a U.S. Subsidiary) or any Subsidiary described in clause (i) of the definition of Excluded Subsidiary shall be required to be pledged as Collateral for the U.S./European Facility Obligations, and (y) the formation or acquisition of a Canadian Subsidiary, within ninety (90) days after such formation or acquisition or such longer period as Agent may agree, cause such Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary to duly execute and deliver to Agent a guaranty supplement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent, guaranteeing the Canadian Facility Obligations,
(ii)    (x) within ninety (90) days after such formation or acquisition of a U.S. Subsidiary (or such longer period, as Agent may agree), furnish to Agent a description of the real and personal properties of the U.S. Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) in detail reasonably satisfactory to Agent; provided that any such information provided pursuant to this clause (ii)(x) shall consist solely of information of the type that would be set forth on Schedules 8.6.1, 9.1.4, 9.1.6(b) and 9.1.11, and (y) within ninety (90) days after such formation or acquisition of a Canadian Subsidiary (or such longer period, as Agent may agree), furnish to Agent a description of the personal properties of the Canadian Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) in detail reasonably satisfactory to Agent;
(iii)    (x) within ninety (90) days after such formation or acquisition of a U.S. Subsidiary, or such longer period, as Agent may agree, duly execute and deliver, and cause each such U.S. Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary to duly execute and deliver, to Agent Pledge Supplements, security agreement supplements and other security agreements, as specified by and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent (consistent with the Pledge and Security Agreement and Intellectual Property Security Agreement (and Section 10.1.11)), securing payment of all the U.S./European Facility Obligations and constituting Liens on all such properties, and (y) within ninety (90) days after such formation or acquisition of a Canadian Subsidiary, or such longer period, as Agent may agree in its sole discretion, duly execute and deliver, and cause each such Canadian Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary to (aa) duly execute and deliver, to Agent security agreements (including Canadian Security Agreements), as specified by and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Agent, securing payment of all the Canadian Facility Obligations, (bb) take whatever action may be necessary or advisable (including the filing of PPSA financing statements) in the reasonable opinion of the Agent to vest in Agent (or in any representative of Agent designated by it) valid, subsisting and perfected Liens on the properties purported to be subject to the Canadian Security Agreements and other security agreements delivered pursuant to this Section 10.1.11, in each case, to the extent required under the Loan Documents and enforceable against all third parties in accordance with their terms,
(iv)    within ninety (90) days after such formation or acquisition of a U.S. Subsidiary, or such longer period, as Agent may agree in its sole discretion, take, and cause such Subsidiary that is not an Excluded Subsidiary to take, whatever action (including, without limitation, the filing of UCC financing statements, the giving of notices and delivery of stock and membership interest certificates) may be necessary or advisable in the reasonable opinion of Agent to vest in Agent (or in any representative of Agent designated by it) valid and subsisting Liens on the properties purported to be subject to the Pledge Supplements and security agreements delivered pursuant to this Section 10.1.11, in each case, to the extent required under the Loan Documents and subject to the perfection exceptions (as provided in the Pledge and Security Agreement), enforceable against all third parties in accordance with their terms,

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(v)    within thirty (30) days after the request of Agent, or such longer period as such Agent may agree, deliver to such Agent, a signed copy of one or more opinions, addressed to such Agent and the other Secured Parties, of counsel for the Loan Parties reasonably acceptable to such Agent as to such matters as Agent may reasonably request,
(vi)    [Reserved], and
(vii)    at any time and from time to time, promptly execute and deliver any and all further instruments and documents and take all such other action as Agent in its reasonable judgment may deem necessary in obtaining the full benefits of, or in perfecting and preserving the Liens of, such guaranties, Pledge Supplements and security agreements.
(b)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) Agent shall not take a security interest in those assets as to which Agent shall determine, in its reasonable discretion, that the cost of obtaining such Lien (including any mortgage, stamp, intangibles or other tax) are excessive in relation to the benefit to the applicable Lenders of the security afforded thereby, (ii) neither Holdings nor any of its Subsidiaries shall be required to take any actions in order to perfect the security interests granted to Agent for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties under the law of any jurisdiction outside the United States or Canada or with respect to any real property, and (iii) any security interest or Lien on the assets of any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party, and any obligation of any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party, shall be subject to the relevant requirements of the Intercreditor Agreement.
10.1.12    Licenses. Keep each material License necessary to make, use or sell any Collateral (including the manufacture, distribution or disposition of Inventory) in full force and effect (other than any forfeiture, abandonment or dedication to the public taken in the ordinary course of business).

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10.1.13    Post-Closing Matters. Holdings shall, and shall cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, satisfy the requirements set forth on Schedule 10.1.13 on or before the date thereon specified for such requirement, in each case as such date may be extended by Agent in its sole discretion, so long as Holdings is working diligently in good faith to complete, or cause its Restricted Subsidiaries to complete, the applicable requirement as determined by Agent in its sole discretion.
10.2    Negative Covenants. As long as any Commitments or Obligations (other than indemnity obligations that are not currently due and payable) are outstanding, each Covenant Party jointly and severally with the other Covenant Parties hereby agrees not to, or to permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, and solely with respect to Sections 10.2.1 and 10.2.4, Holdings agrees not to:
10.2.1    Permitted Liens. (a) Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of its property, assets or revenues, whether owned on the Third Restatement Date or thereafter acquired (except Permitted Liens) (each, a “Subject Lien”) that secures obligations under any Indebtedness on any asset or property of Holdings or any Loan Party, unless:
(i)    in the case of Subject Liens on any Collateral, any Subject Lien if such Subject Lien is a Permitted Lien; and
(ii)    in the case of any other asset or property any Subject Lien if (i) the applicable Obligations are equally and ratably secured with (or on a senior basis to, in the case such Subject Lien secures any Junior Indebtedness) the obligations secured by such Subject Lien or (ii) such Subject Lien is a Permitted Lien.
(b)    Any Lien created for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the preceding clause (ii) shall provide by its terms that such Lien shall be automatically and unconditionally be released and discharged upon the release and discharge of the Subject Lien that gave rise to the obligation to so secure the applicable Obligations.
10.2.2    Permitted Indebtedness. (a) Directly or indirectly, Incur any Indebtedness (including Acquired Indebtedness) other than Indebtedness in respect of the Obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, or issue any shares of Disqualified Stock and Holdings will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to issue any shares of Preferred Stock; provided, however, that Holdings and any Restricted Subsidiary may Incur Indebtedness (including Acquired Indebtedness) or issue shares of Disqualified Stock and any Restricted Subsidiary may issue shares of Preferred Stock, in each case if the Term LoanFixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for the most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such additional Indebtedness is Incurred or such Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock is issued would have at least 2.00 to 1.00 determined on a pro forma basis (including a pro forma application of the net proceeds therefrom), as if the additional Indebtedness had been Incurred, or the Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock had been issued, as the case may be, and the application of proceeds therefrom had occurred at the beginning of such four-quarter period; provided, further, that the aggregate amount of Indebtedness (including Acquired Indebtedness) that may be Incurred and Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock that may be issued pursuant to the foregoing by Restricted Subsidiaries that are U.S. Domiciled Loan Parties shall not exceed the greater of (x) $125,000,000130,000,000 and (y) 5.0% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of Incurrence, at any one time outstanding.

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(b)    In addition, the following shall be permitted:
(i)    the Incurrence by Holdings or its Restricted Subsidiaries (including for the avoidance of doubt, any Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiary that is a Foreign Subsidiary designated under Section 2.18 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the First Amendment Effective dDate hereof (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility)) of the Fixed Asset Facility and Guarantees thereof up to an amount not to exceed  the sum of (i) the maximum positive amount of Indebtedness at such time that could be Incurred without causing the Consolidated Senior Secured Net Debt Ratio to exceed 2.25 to 1.00 (in each case, on a pro forma basis, after giving effect to (x) any New Term Loans or New Revolving Facility issued pursuant to Section 2.17 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility Incurred on or prior to the date of determination as such agreement is in effect on the date hereofFirst Amendment Effective Date (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility), (y) any increased Loans (as defined in the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the First Amendment Effective dDate hereof) Incurred on or prior to the date of determination, or (z) any Incremental Equivalent Debt Incurred on or prior to the date of determination, and, in each case, the use of the proceeds therefrom, but excluding any amounts Incurred simultaneously pursuant to the immediately following clause (ii) and, in the case of an increase to a New Revolving Facility, assuming that the amount of such increase is fully drawn), (ii) $400,000,000 and (iii) the aggregate principal amount of all voluntary prepayments (or voluntary redemptions) after the Third Restatement Date of (a) Term Loans (or notes issued under an indenture for the Fixed Asset Facility) and New Term Loans prior to such date and (including pursuant to a Dutch Auction pursuant to Section 2.05(c) of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereofFirst Amendment Effective Date (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility)) and (b) loans under any New Revolving Facility and loans under this Agreement in each case solely to the extent accompanied by a dollar-for-dollar permanent reduction of New Revolving Commitments or commitments under this Agreement, as applicable, prior to such date, in each case for this clause (iii) other than to the extent any such prepayment is funded from the proceeds of long-term Indebtedness (“Maximum Incremental Amount”);
(ii)    [Reserved].Contingent Obligations existing on the First Amendment Effective Date and listed on Schedule 1.1(b);
(iii)    Indebtedness existing on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date and listed on Schedule 10.2.2;
(iv)    Indebtedness (including, without limitation, Capitalized Lease Obligations and mortgage financings as purchase money obligations) Incurred by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, Disqualified Stock issued by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and Preferred Stock issued by any Restricted Subsidiaries of Holdings to finance all or any part of the purchase, lease, construction, installation, replacement, repair or improvement of property (real or personal), plant or equipment or other fixed or capital assets used or useful in the business of Holdings or its Restricted Subsidiaries or in a Similar Business (whether through the direct purchase of assets or the Capital Stock of any Person owning such assets) in an aggregate principal amount or liquidation preference, including all Indebtedness Incurred and Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock issued to renew, refund, refinance, replace, defease or

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discharge any Indebtedness Incurred and Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock issued pursuant to this clause (iv), not to exceed at any one time outstanding the greater of (x) $95,000,000100,000,000 and (y) 3.75% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of Incurrence;
(v)    Indebtedness Incurred by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries constituting reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit, bankers’ acceptances, bank guarantees, warehouse receipts or similar facilities entered into, or relating to obligations or liabilities incurred, in the ordinary course of business, including without limitation letters of credit in respect of workers’ compensation claims, performance, completion or surety bonds, health, disability or other employee benefits (whether current or former) or property, casualty or liability insurance or self-insurance, or other Indebtedness with respect to reimbursement-type obligations regarding workers’ compensation claims, performance, completion or surety bonds, health, disability or other employee benefits or property, casualty or liability insurance or self-insurance; provided, however, that upon the drawing of such letters of credit or the incurrence of such Indebtedness, such obligations are reimbursed within 30 days following such drawing or incurrence;
(vi)    Indebtedness arising from agreements of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries related to indemnification, adjustment of purchase price, earn out or similar obligations, in each case, Incurred or assumed in connection with the acquisition or disposition of any business, assets or a Subsidiary of Holdings not exceeding the proceeds of such disposition, other than Guarantees of Indebtedness Incurred by any Person acquiring all or any portion of such business, assets or a Subsidiary for the purpose of financing such acquisition;
(vii)    Indebtedness of Holdings to a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that (x) such Indebtedness owing to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a U.S. Domiciled Loan Party, excluding any Indebtedness in respect of accounts payable incurred in connection with goods and services rendered in the ordinary course of business (and not in connection with the borrowing of money), is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations and (y) any subsequent issuance or transfer of any Capital Stock or any other event that results in any such Restricted Subsidiary ceasing to be a Restricted Subsidiary or any other subsequent transfer of any such Indebtedness (except to Holdings or another Restricted Subsidiary or any pledge of such Indebtedness constituting a Permitted Lien (but not foreclosure thereon)) shall be deemed, in each case, to be an Incurrence of such Indebtedness not permitted by this clause (vii);
(viii)    shares of Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary issued to Holdings or another Restricted Subsidiary; provided that any subsequent issuance or transfer of any Capital Stock or any other event that results in any Restricted Subsidiary that holds such shares of Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock of another Restricted Subsidiary ceasing to be a Restricted Subsidiary or any other subsequent transfer of any such shares of Preferred Stock (except to Holdings or another Restricted Subsidiary) shall be deemed, in each case, to be an issuance of shares of Preferred Stock not permitted by this clause (viii);
(ix)    Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary to Holdings or another Restricted Subsidiary; provided that (x) if a Guarantor Incurs such Indebtedness to a Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor, excluding any Indebtedness in respect of accounts payable incurred in connection with goods and services rendered in the ordinary course of business (and not in connection with the borrowing of money), such Indebtedness is unsecured and subordinated in

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right of payment to the Guarantee of such Guarantor and (y) any subsequent issuance or transfer of any Capital Stock or any other event that results in any Restricted Subsidiary lending such Indebtedness ceasing to be a Restricted Subsidiary or any other subsequent transfer of any such Indebtedness (except to Holdings or another Restricted Subsidiary or any pledge of such Indebtedness constituting a Permitted Lien (but not foreclosure thereon)) shall be deemed, in each case, to be an Incurrence of such Indebtedness not permitted by this clause (ix);
(x)    Hedging Obligations that are Incurred in the ordinary course of business (and not for speculative purposes);
(xi)    obligations (including reimbursement obligations with respect to letters of credit and bank guarantees) in respect of performance, bid, appeal and surety bonds, bankers’ acceptance facilities and completion guarantees, customs, VAT or other tax guarantees and similar obligations provided by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary or obligations in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees or similar instruments related thereto, in each case in the ordinary course of business;
(xii)    (a) Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings and Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings in an aggregate principal amount or liquidation preference up to 100.0% of the net cash proceeds received by Holdings since immediately after April 4, 2014 from the issue or sale of Equity Interests of Holdings or cash contributed to the capital of Holdings or any Parent Entity (to the extent the net cash proceeds are contributed to Holdings) (in each case, other than Excluded Contributions, Contribution Indebtedness or proceeds of Disqualified Stock or proceeds of Designated Preferred Stock or sales of Equity Interests to Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries) as determined in accordance with Section 10.2.3(a)(3)(B) and (C) to the extent such net cash proceeds or cash have not been applied pursuant to such clauses to make Restricted Payments or to make Investments, payments or exchanges pursuant to Section 10.2.3(b) or to make Permitted Investments (other than Permitted Investments specified in clauses (1), (2) and (3) of the definition thereof) and (b) Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings and Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings in an aggregate principal amount or liquidation preference that, when aggregated with the principal amount or liquidation preference of all other Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock and Preferred Stock then outstanding and Incurred pursuant to this clause (xii)(b), does not exceed at any one time outstanding the greater of (x) $155,000,000 and (y) 6.0% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of any incurrence pursuant to this clause (xii)(b) (it being understood that any Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock incurred pursuant to this clause (xii)(b) shall cease to be deemed incurred or outstanding for purposes of this clause (xii)(b) but shall be deemed incurred pursuant to the first paragraph of this covenant from and after the first date on which Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary could have incurred such Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock under Section 10.2.2(a));
(xiii)    any Guarantee by Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary of Indebtedness or other obligations of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries so long as the Incurrence of such Indebtedness or other obligations by Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary is permitted hereunder; provided that if such Indebtedness is by its express terms subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations, any such Guarantee of any of the Guarantor with respect to such Indebtedness shall be subordinated in right of payment to such Guarantor’s Guarantee of any of

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the Obligations hereunder substantially to the same extent as such Indebtedness is subordinated to such Obligations;
(xiv)    the Incurrence or issuance by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings that serves to Refinance any Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock Incurred as permitted under Section 10.2.2(a) and 10.2.2(b)(iii), (xii)(a), this clause (xiv), (xv), (xviii), (xx), and (xxx) or any Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock Incurred to so Refinance such Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock, including any additional Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock Incurred to pay accrued and unpaid interest and dividends and premiums (including reasonable tender premiums), defeasance costs and fees and expenses in connection with such Refinancing (subject to the following proviso, “Refinancing Indebtedness”) on or prior to its respective maturity; provided, however, that such Refinancing Indebtedness:
(A)    has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity at the time such Refinancing Indebtedness is Incurred that is not less than the remaining Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock being Refinanced;
(B)    has a Stated Maturity which is no earlier than the Stated Maturity of the Indebtedness being Refinanced;
(C)    to the extent such Refinancing Indebtedness Refinances Junior Indebtedness, such Refinancing Indebtedness is Junior Indebtedness and to the extent such Refinancing Indebtedness Refinances unsecured Indebtedness, such Refinancing Indebtedness is unsecured Indebtedness; and
(D)    shall not include (x) Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of Holdings or a Guarantor that Refinances Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings that is not a Guarantor or (y) Indebtedness of Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary that refinances Indebtedness of an Unrestricted Subsidiary;
(xv)    Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of (i)  Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries Incurred or issued to finance an acquisition or (ii)  Persons that are acquired by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or merged into, amalgamated with or consolidated with Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary in accordance with the terms hereof (including designating an Unrestricted Subsidiary as a Restricted Subsidiary); provided, however, that after giving effect to such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation and the Incurrence of such Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock, either:
(A)    Holdings would be permitted to Incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Term LoanFixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in Section 10.2.2(a); or
(B)    the Term LoanFixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of Holdingsthe Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis is equal to or greater than immediately prior to such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation;

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(xvi)    Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary course of business;
(xvii)    Indebtedness of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary supported by a letter of credit or bank guarantee issued pursuant to this Agreement, in a principal amount not in excess of the stated amount of such letter of credit or bank guarantee;
(xviii)    Contribution Indebtedness;
(xix)    Indebtedness of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary consisting of (x) the financing of insurance premiums or (y) take-or-pay obligations contained in supply arrangements, in each case, in the ordinary course of business, not to exceed $5,000,000 at any one time outstanding;
(xx)    Indebtedness of Foreign Subsidiaries of Holdings in an amount not to exceed at any one time outstanding the greater of (x) $95,000,000100,000,000 and (y) 3.75% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of such incurrence;
(xxi)    Indebtedness of a Joint Venture to Holdings or any Guarantor and to the other holders of Equity Interests of such Joint Venture, so long as the percentage of the aggregate amount of such Indebtedness of such Joint Venture owed to such other holders of its Equity Interests does not exceed the percentage of the aggregate outstanding amount of the Equity Interests of such joint venture held by such other holders;
(xxii)    Indebtedness Incurred in a Permitted Receivables Financing;
(xxiii)    Indebtedness owed on a short-term basis to banks and other financial institutions Incurred in the ordinary course of business of Holdings and the Restricted Subsidiaries with such banks or financial institutions that arises in connection with ordinary banking arrangements to manage cash balances of Holdings and the Restricted Subsidiaries;
(xxiv)    Indebtedness consisting of Indebtedness issued by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary to future, current or former officers, directors, employees, managers, service providers or consultants thereof or any direct or indirect parent thereof, their respective estates, spouses or former spouses, in each case to finance the purchase or redemption of Equity Interests of Holdings or any Parent Entity to the extent permitted under Section 10.2.3(b)(iv);
(xxv)    customer deposits and advance payments received in the ordinary course of business from customers for goods purchased in the ordinary course of business;
(xxvi)    Indebtedness incurred by a Restricted Subsidiary in connection with bankers’ acceptances, discounted bills of exchange or the discounting or factoring of receivables for credit management purposes, in each case incurred or undertaken in the ordinary course of business on arm’s-length commercial terms;
(xxvii)    Indebtedness incurred by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary to the extent that the net proceeds thereof are promptly deposited with a trustee to satisfy and discharge Indebtedness in connection with the indenture therefor;

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(xxviii)     (i) Guarantees incurred in the ordinary course of business in respect of obligations to suppliers, customers, franchisees, lessors and licensees that, in each case, are non-Affiliates and (ii) any Designated Foreign Guaranty:
(xxix)    the incurrence by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary of Indebtedness consisting of Guarantees of Indebtedness incurred by Permitted Joint Ventures; provided that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness Guaranteed pursuant to this clause (xxix) does not at any one time outstanding exceed the greater of (x) $120,000,000 and (y) 5.0% of Consolidated Total Assets at the time of incurrence;
(xxx)    Indebtedness evidenced by the Senior Unsecured Notes and the guarantees with respect thereto; and
(xxxi)    (a) Indebtedness of any U.S. Domiciled Loan Party or any Wholly-Owned Restricted Subsidiary that is a Foreign Subsidiary designated under Section 2.18 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect ofon the First Amendment Effective dDate hereof (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility) in respect of one or more series of senior unsecured notes, senior secured first lien or junior lien notes, junior lien or unsecured loans that, in each case, if secured, will be secured by the U.S./European Facility Collateral on a pari passu or junior basis with the U.S./European Facility Obligations, that are issued or made in lieu of (A) increases in the Fixed Asset Facility pursuant to Section 2.16 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereofFirst Amendment Effective Date (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility) or (B) a New Term Facility, pursuant to an indenture, note purchase agreement, loan or credit agreement or otherwise (the “Incremental Equivalent Debt”); provided that (i) Incremental Equivalent Debt that is secured on a pari passu basis with the U.S./European Facility Obligations may not be in the form of term or revolving loans (but may be in the form of notes), (ii) for the purposes of calculating the Consolidated Senior Secured Net Debt Ratio, any Incremental Equivalent Debt that is unsecured shall be deemed to be Indebtedness secured by a Lien on Collateral on a pari passu basis with the U.S./European Facility Obligations, and (iii) the aggregate principal amount of all Incremental Equivalent Debt issued or incurred pursuant to this Section 10.2.2(b)(xxxi) shall not, (together with all requests for (A) increases to a Term Loan Facility (as defined in the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof), a New Term Facility and New Revolving Facility pursuant to Section 2.16 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereofFirst Amendment Effective Date (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility) and (B) New Term Facilities or New Revolving Facilities pursuant to Section 2.17 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereof), exceed the Maximum Incremental Amount; provided, further, (i) subject to Section 2.18 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereofFirst Amendment Effective Date (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility) such Incremental Equivalent Debt shall not be subject to any guarantee by any person other than a U.S. Domiciled Loan Party, (ii) subject to Section 2.18 of the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility as such agreement is in effect on the date hereofFirst Amendment Effective Date (or any comparable section of any other Fixed Asset Facility), in the case of Incremental Equivalent Debt that is secured, the obligations in respect thereof shall not be secured by any Lien on any asset of Holdings or any

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Restricted Subsidiary other than any asset constituting U.S./European Facility Collateral, (iii) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would exist immediately after giving effect to such incurrence, (iv) if such Incremental Equivalent Debt is secured, the security agreements relating to such Incremental Equivalent Debt shall be substantially the same as the Security Documents (with such differences as are reasonably satisfactory to Agent), (v) if such Incremental Equivalent Debt is secured, such Incremental Equivalent Debt shall be subject to a customary intercreditor agreement reasonably acceptable to Agent, and (vi) the documentation with respect to any Incremental Equivalent Debt shall contain no mandatory prepayment, repurchase or redemption provisions prior to the Facility Termination Date at the time of incurrence, issuance or obtainment of such Incremental Equivalent Debt, other than customary prepayments, repurchases or redemptions of or offers to prepay, redeem or repurchase upon a change of control, asset sale event or casualty or condemnation event, customary prepayments, redemptions or repurchases or offers to prepay, redeem or repurchase based on excess cash flow (in the case of loans) and customary acceleration rights upon an event of default, and (b) any Refinancing Indebtedness thereof.
(c)    For purposes of determining compliance with this covenant, in the event that an item of Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock (or any portion thereof) meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock permitted under one of the clauses of Section 10.2.2(b) or is entitled to be Incurred pursuant to Section 10.2.2(a), Holdings shall, in its sole discretion, at the time of Incurrence, divide, classify or reclassify, or at any later time divide, classify or reclassify, such item of Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock (or any portion thereof) in any manner that complies with this Section 10.2.2 and shall only be required to include the amount and type of such Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock (or portion thereof) in Section 10.2.2(a) or one of the clauses or subsections of 10.2.2(b); provided that all Indebtedness under this Agreement and the Fixed Asset Facility outstanding on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date shall be deemed to have been Incurred pursuant to Section 10.2.2(b)(i) and Holdings shall not be permitted to reclassify all or any portion of such Indebtedness. Accrual of interest or dividends, the accretion of accreted value, the accretion of the amortization of original issue discount, the payment of interest or dividends in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms, the payment of dividends on Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock in the form of additional shares of Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of the same class, the accretion of liquidation preference and increases in the amount of Indebtedness outstanding solely as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rate of currencies will not be deemed to be an Incurrence of Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock for purposes of this covenant. Guarantees of, or obligations in respect of letters of credit relating to, Indebtedness that are otherwise included in the determination of a particular amount of Indebtedness shall not be included in the determination of such amount of Indebtedness, provided that the Incurrence of the Indebtedness represented by such Guarantee or letter of credit, as the case may be, was in compliance with this covenant. Indebtedness Incurred to Refinance Indebtedness incurred pursuant to clauses (i), (iv) and (xii) of Section 10.2.2(b) shall be permitted to include additional Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock incurred to pay accrued but unpaid interest and dividends and premiums (including reasonable tender premiums), defeasance costs and fees and expenses incurred in connection with such Refinancing Indebtedness if such Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock, or Preferred Stock in the aggregate does not exceed (i) the principal amount of such Indebtedness being Refinanced plus (ii) the aggregate amount of fees, defeasance costs, underwriting discounts, accrued and unpaid interest, premiums and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with such Refinancing.

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(d)    For purposes of determining compliance with any U.S. dollar-denominated restriction on the Incurrence of Indebtedness, the Dollar Equivalent principal amount of Indebtedness denominated in a foreign currency shall be calculated based on the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date such Indebtedness was Incurred, in the case of term debt, or first committed or first Incurred (whichever yields the lower Dollar Equivalent), in the case of revolving credit debt; provided that if such Indebtedness is Incurred to Refinance other Indebtedness denominated in a foreign currency, and such Refinancing would cause the applicable U.S. dollar-denominated restriction to be exceeded if calculated at the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date of such Refinancing, such U.S. dollar-denominated restriction shall be deemed not to have been exceeded so long as the principal amount of such Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed (i) the principal amount of such Indebtedness being Refinanced plus (ii) the aggregate amount of fees, defeasance costs, underwriting discounts, accrued and unpaid interest, premiums and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with such Refinancing.
10.2.3    Restricted Payments. (a)(i) Declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution on account of Holdings’s ’ or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries’ Equity Interests, including any dividend, payment or distribution payable in connection with any merger or consolidation involving Holdings (other than (A) dividends, payments or distributions by Holdings payable solely in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of any Intermediate Holdings or in options, warrants or other rights to purchase such Equity Interests; or (B) dividends, payments or distributions by a Restricted Subsidiary so long as, in the case of any dividend, payment or distribution payable on or in respect of any class or series of securities issued by a Restricted Subsidiary other than a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary, Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary receives at least its pro rata share of such dividend, payment or distribution in accordance with its Equity Interests in such class or series of securities);
(ii) purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Equity Interests of Holdings or any other Parent Entity, including in connection with any merger or consolidation, in each case held by a Person other than Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary; (iii) make any principal payment on, or redeem, repurchase, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value in each case, or give any irrevocable notice of redemption, in each case prior to any scheduled repayment or scheduled maturity, any Junior Indebtedness (other than (i) the payment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance, acquisition or retirement of (A) Junior Indebtedness in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal installment or final maturity, in each case due within one year of the date of such payment, redemption, repurchase, defeasance, acquisition or retirement and (B) Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.2.2(b)(vii) and (ix) and (ii) the giving of an irrevocable notice of redemption with respect to the transaction permitted under clause (b)(ii) or (iii) of this Section 10.2.3); or (iv) make any Restricted Investment; (all such payments and other actions set forth in clauses (a)(i) through (a)(iv) above (other than any exception thereto) being collectively referred to as “Restricted Payments”), unless, at the time of such Restricted Payment:
(1)    no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof;
(2)    immediately after giving effect to such transaction on a pro forma basis, Holdings could Incur $1.00 of additional Indebtedness under Section 10.2.2; and
(3)    such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made by Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries after the Third Restatement Date (including Restricted Payments permitted by Section 10.2.3(b)(i) and (vii),

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but excluding all other Restricted Payments permitted by Section 10.2.3(b)), is less than the sum of, without duplication,
(A)    the sum of (x) $300,000,000 and (y) 50% of the Consolidated Net Income of Holdings for the period (taken as one accounting period) from October 1, 2016 to the end of Holdings’ most recently ended fiscal quarter for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment (or, in the case such Consolidated Net Income for such period is a deficit, minus 100% of such deficit), plus
(B)    100% of the aggregate net proceeds and the Fair Market Value of marketable securities or other property received by Holdings since immediately after the Third Restatement Date from the issue or sale of:
(I)    Equity Interests of Holdings, including Treasury Capital Stock (as defined below), but excluding cash proceeds and the Fair Market Value of marketable securities or other property received from the sale of Equity Interests to any future, present or former employees, directors, managers, service providers or consultants of Holdings, its Subsidiaries or any Parent Entity after the Third Restatement Date to the extent such amounts have been applied to Restricted Payments made in accordance with Section 10.2.3(b)(iv) and Designated Preferred Stock; and
(II)
any Indebtedness of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries that have been converted into or exchanged for such Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of Holdings or a Parent Entity;
provided, however, that this clause (B) shall not include Excluded Equity, plus
(C)    100% of the aggregate amount of cash and the Fair Market Value of marketable securities or other property contributed to the capital of Holdings, or that became part of the capital of Holdings through consolidation or merger, following the Third Restatement Date (other than Excluded Equity), plus
(D)    100% of the aggregate amount received by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary in cash and the Fair Market Value of marketable securities or other property received by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary from:
(x)    the sale or other disposition (other than to Holdings or a Subsidiary of Holdings) of Restricted Investments made by Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries and from repurchases and redemptions of, or cash distributions or cash interest received in respect thereof, such Restricted Investments from Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries by any Person (other than Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries) and from repayments of loans or advances, and releases of guarantees, which constituted Restricted Investments made by Holdings or its Restricted Subsidiaries in each case after the Third Restatement Date,
(y)    the sale (other than to Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary or an employee stock ownership plan or trust established by Holdings or any Restricted

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Subsidiary (other than to the extent such employee stock ownership plan or trust has been funded by Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary or to the extent that such Investment constituted a Permitted Investment)) of the Capital Stock of an Unrestricted Subsidiary, or
(z)    any distribution or dividend from an Unrestricted Subsidiary (to the extent such distribution or dividend is not already included in the calculation of Consolidated Net Income), plus
(E)    in the event any Unrestricted Subsidiary of Holdings has been redesignated as a Restricted Subsidiary or has been merged or consolidated with or into, or transfers or conveys its assets to, or is liquidated into, Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings, in each case after the Third Restatement Date, the Fair Market Value of the Investment of Holdings in such Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time of such redesignation, combination or transfer (or of the assets transferred or conveyed, as applicable), (other than in each case to the extent that the designation of such Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary constituted a Permitted Investment), plus
(F)    the aggregate amount of Declined Amounts.
(b)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, Section 10.2.3(a)(i)-(iv) will not prohibit:
(i)    the payment of any dividend or distribution or consummation of any irrevocable redemption within 60 days after the date of declaration thereof or the giving of a redemption notice related thereto, if at the date of declaration or notice such payment would have complied with the provisions of this Agreement;
(ii)    (x) the redemption, repurchase, defeasance, discharge, retirement or other acquisition of any Equity Interests (“Retired Capital Stock”) of Holdings or Parent or any other Parent Entity (“Treasury Capital Stock”), or Junior Indebtedness of Holdings or any Guarantor, in exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale of, Equity Interests of Holdings or any other Parent Entity or contributions to the equity capital of Holdings (other than Excluded Equity) (collectively, including any such contributions, “Refunding Capital Stock”);
(y)    the declaration and payment of accrued dividends on the Retired Capital Stock out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale (other than to a Subsidiary of Holdings or to an employee stock ownership plan or any trust established by Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries) of Refunding Capital Stock; and
(z)    if immediately prior to the retirement of the Retired Capital Stock, the declaration and payment of dividends thereon was permitted under Section 10.2.3(b)(vi) and has not been made as of such time (the “Unpaid Amount”), the declaration and payment of dividends on the Refunding Capital Stock (other than Refunding Capital Stock the proceeds of which were used to redeem, repurchase, retire or otherwise acquire any Equity Interests of Holdings or any Parent Entity) in an aggregate amount no greater than the Unpaid Amount;
(iii)    the prepayment, redemption, defeasance, repurchase, exchange or other acquisition or retirement of Junior Indebtedness of Holdings or any Guarantor made by exchange

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for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale of, Refinancing Indebtedness thereof;
(iv)    the purchase, retirement, redemption or other acquisition (or dividends to Holdings or any other Parent Entity to finance any such purchase, retirement, redemption or other acquisition) for value of Equity Interests of Holdings or any other Parent Entity held by any future, present or former employee, director, manager, service provider or consultant of Holdings or any other Parent Entity or any Subsidiary of Holdings (or their permitted transferees) pursuant to any management equity plan or stock option plan or any other management or employee benefit plan or other agreement or any equity subscription or equityholder agreement (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any principal and interest payable on any Indebtedness issued by Holdings or any Parent Entity in connection with such repurchase, retirement or other acquisition); provided, however, that the aggregate amounts paid under this clause (iv) shall not exceed in any calendar year $7,500,000 (with unused amounts in any calendar year being carried over to succeeding calendar years up to a maximum of $15,000,000 in the aggregate in any calendar year); provided, further, however, that such amount in any fiscal year may be increased by an amount not to exceed:
(A)    the cash proceeds received by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries from the sale of Equity Interests (other than Excluded Equity) of Holdings or any other Parent Entity (to the extent contributed to the Borrower) to members of management, directors or consultants of Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries or Holdings or any other Parent Entity that occurs after April 4, 2014 to the extent the cash proceeds from the sale of such Equity Interests have not otherwise been applied to the payment of Restricted Payments by virtue of Section 10.2.3(a)(3)); plus
(B)    the cash proceeds of key man life insurance policies received by Holdings or Holdings or any other Parent Entity (to the extent contributed to Holdings) and its Restricted Subsidiaries after the April 4, 2014; minus
(C)    the amount of any Restricted Payments previously made with the cash proceeds described in clauses (A) and (B) of this clause (iv),
(provided that the cancellation of Indebtedness owing to Holdings from any current or former officer, director, employee, manager, service provider or consultant (or any permitted transferees thereof) of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or any Parent Entity), in connection with a repurchase of Equity Interests of Holdings or any Parent Entity from such Persons will not be deemed to constitute a Restricted Payment for purposes of this Section 10.2.3 or any other provision of this Agreement);
(v)    the declaration and payment of dividends or distributions to holders of any class or series of Disqualified Stock of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and any Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiaries issued or Incurred in accordance with Section 10.2.2;
(vi)    the declaration and payment of dividends or distributions to holders of any class or series of Designated Preferred Stock and the declaration and payment of dividends to Holdings or any other Parent Entity, the proceeds of which will be used to fund the payment of

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dividends to holders of any class or series of Designated Preferred Stock of Holdings or any other Parent Entity issued after April 4, 2014; provided, however, that (A) for the most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date of issuance of such Designated Preferred Stock, after giving effect to such issuance (and the payment of dividends or distributions) on a pro forma basis, the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of Holdingsthe Parent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis would have been at least 2.00 to 1.00 and (B) the aggregate amount of dividends declared and paid pursuant to this clause (vi) does not exceed the net cash proceeds actually received by Holdings from the sale (or the contribution of the net cash proceeds from the sale) of Designated Preferred Stock;
(vii)    [Intentionally Omitted];
(viii)    the declaration and payment of dividends on Holdings’ common stock (or the payment of dividends to Holdings or any other Parent Entity to fund the payment by Holdings or any other Parent Entity of dividends on such entity’s common stock) of up to 6.0% per annum of the net cash proceeds received by Holdings from any public offering of common stock or contributed to Holdings by any other Parent Entity from any public offering of common stock (other than public offerings with respect to common stock registered on Form S-8 and any public sale constituting an Excluded Contribution);
(ix)    Restricted Payments in an aggregate amount that does not exceed the aggregate amount of Excluded Contributions received since April 4, 2014;
(x)    any Restricted Payment; provided that (x) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would result from such Restricted Payment and (y) on a pro forma basis after giving effect to such Restricted Payment and any related incurrence of Indebtedness, the proceeds of which are used to make such Restricted Payment, the Consolidated Total Net Debt Ratio would be equal to or less than 2.00:1.00;
(xi)    [Intentionally Omitted];
(xii)    for so long as Holdings is a member of a group filing a consolidated, combined or similar income tax return with Holdings or any other Parent Entity (or a disregarded entity for tax purposes with respect to Holdings or such other direct or indirect parent), the payment of dividends or other distributions to Holdings or such other Parent Entity in amounts required for Holdings or such other parent company to pay income taxes imposed on such entity to the extent such income taxes are attributable to the income of Holdings and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the amount of such payments in respect of any tax year does not, in the aggregate, exceed the amount that Holdings and its Subsidiaries would have been required to pay in respect of such income taxes in respect of such year if Holdingsthe Borrower and its Subsidiaries paid such income taxes directly as a stand-alone income tax group (reduced by any such taxes paid directly by Holdings or any Subsidiary); provided, further, the permitted payment pursuant to this clause (xii) with respect to any taxes attributable to income of any Unrestricted Subsidiary for any taxable period shall be limited to the amount actually paid with respect to such period by such Unrestricted Subsidiary to Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary for the purposes of paying such income taxes;

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(xiii)    the payment of dividends, other distributions or other amounts to, or the making of loans to Holdings or any Parent Entity, in the amount required for such entity to, if applicable:
(A)    pay amounts equal to the amounts required for Holdings or any other Parent Entity to pay fees and expenses (including franchise or similar taxes) required to maintain its corporate existence, customary salary, bonus and other benefits payable to, and indemnities provided on behalf of, officers, employees, directors, managers, service providers and consultants of Holdings or any other Parent Entity, if applicable, and general corporate operating and overhead expenses of Holdings or any other Parent Entity, if applicable, in each case to the extent such fees, expenses, salaries, bonuses, benefits and indemnities are attributable to the ownership or operation of Holdings and its Subsidiaries;
(B)    pay, if applicable, amounts required for Holdings, any Parent Entity to pay interest and/or principal on Indebtedness the proceeds of which have been contributed to Holdings (other than as Excluded Equity) and that has been guaranteed by, and is otherwise considered Indebtedness of, Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary Incurred in accordance with Section 10.2.2; and
(C)    pay fees and expenses incurred by Holdings or any Parent Entity, other than to Affiliates of Holdings, related to any unsuccessful equity or debt offering of such Parent Entity;
(xiv)    the payment of cash dividends or other distributions on Holdings’s ’ Capital Stock used to, or the making of loans to Holdings or any other Parent Entity to, fund the payment of fees and expenses owed by Holdings or any other Parent Entity, as the case may be, or Restricted Subsidiaries of Holdings to Affiliates, in each case to the extent permitted by Section 10.2.15;
(xv)    (i) repurchases of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon exercise of stock options or warrants if such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price of such options or warrants and (ii) in connection with the withholding of a portion of the Equity Interests granted or awarded to a current or former director or employee to pay for the taxes payable by such director or employee upon such grant or award;
(xvi)    purchases of receivables in connection with a Permitted Receivables Financing and the payment or distribution of Receivables Fees;
(xvii)    payments or distributions to satisfy dissenters’ rights, pursuant to or in connection with a consolidation, merger, amalgamation or transfer of assets that complies with the provisions of this Agreement applicable to mergers, consolidations and transfers of all or substantially all the property and assets of Holdings;
(xviii)    the distribution, as a dividend or otherwise, of shares of Capital Stock of, or Indebtedness owed to Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings by, Unrestricted Subsidiaries (other than Unrestricted Subsidiaries the primary assets of which are cash and/or cash equivalents); and
(xix)    the repurchase, redemption, or other acquisition for value of Equity Interests of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries deemed to occur in connection with the payment of cash in lieu of the issuance of fractional shares of Equity Interests in connection with a share

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dividend, distribution, share split, reverse share split, merger, consolidation, amalgamation or other business combination of Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary, in each case, as permitted under this Agreement;
provided, however, that at the time of, and after giving effect to, any Restricted Payment permitted under clause (x), no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a consequence thereof.
(c)    Holdings will not permit any Unrestricted Subsidiary to become a Restricted Subsidiary except pursuant to the definition of “Unrestricted Subsidiary.” For purposes of designating any Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, all outstanding Investments by Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries (except to the extent repaid) in the Subsidiary so designated will be deemed to be Restricted Payments or Permitted Investments in an amount determined as set forth in the last sentence of the definition of “Investments.” Such designation will only be permitted if a Restricted Payment or Permitted Investment in such amount would be permitted at such time and if such Subsidiary otherwise meets the definition of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.
(d)    For purposes of compliance with Section 10.2.3, if any Investment or Restricted Payment would be permitted pursuant to one or more provisions of Section 10.2.3 and/or one or more of the exceptions contained in the definition of “Permitted Investments,” Holdings may divide and classify such Investment or Restricted Payment in any manner that complies with this covenant and may later divide and reclassify any such Investment or Restricted Payment so long as the Investment or Restricted Payment (as so divided and/or reclassified) would be permitted to be made in reliance on the applicable exception as of the date of such reclassification.
(e)    The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) will be the Fair Market Value on the date of the Restricted Payment of the assets or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.2.3, (i) the Restricted Payments described in preceding clauses (a)(i), (a)(ii), (b)(vi) and (b)(x) shall only be permitted to the extent that, in addition to the other conditions set forth in this Section 10.2.3 applicable thereto, the Specified Transaction Conditions shall have been satisfied in connection therewith.
10.2.4    [Intentionally Omitted]

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10.2.4    Holdings Activities. Holdings shall not conduct, transact or otherwise engage in any business or operations other than (i) the ownership and/or acquisition of the Capital Stock of the U.S. Borrower and activities incidental thereto, (ii) the maintenance of its legal existence, including the ability to incur fees, costs and expenses relating to such maintenance, (iii) participating in tax, accounting and other administrative matters as owner of the Capital Stock of the U.S. Borrower and reporting related to such matters, (iv) the performance of its obligations under and in connection with the Loan Documents, the Senior Unsecured Notes, any documentation governing the Fixed Asset Facility and any documentation governing other Indebtedness permitted hereunder, any refinancing thereof and the other agreements contemplated hereby and thereby, (v) incurring fees, costs and expenses relating to overhead and general operating including professional fees for legal, tax and accounting matters, (vi) providing indemnification to officers and directors and as otherwise permitted hereunder, (vii) activities incidental to the consummation of the Transactions, (viii) financing activities, including the issuance of securities, incurrence of debt, payment of dividends, making contributions to the capital of the U.S. Borrower and guaranteeing the obligations of the U.S. Borrower and its Subsidiaries, (ix) any other transaction permitted pursuant to Section 10.2.1 (it being understood and agreed that notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the only negative covenants in Section 10.2 Holdings is subject to are Section 10.2.1 and this Section 10.2.4), (x) providing indemnification to its directors and officers and (xi) activities incidental to the businesses or activities described in clauses (i) through (x) of this Section 10.2.4.

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10.2.5    [Intentionally Omitted]
10.2.6    [Intentionally Omitted]
10.2.7    Fundamental Changes.
(a)    Allow any Borrower to Consolidate, merge or amalgamate with or into or wind up into (whether or not such Borrower is the surviving Person), or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets in one or more related transactions, to any Person unless:
(i)    such Borrower is the surviving Person or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation, merger or amalgamation with a Person from the same country of domicile (if other than such Borrower) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition will have been made is a Person organized or existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, the District of Columbia, or any territory thereof or Canada, or any province thereof, as applicable (such Borrower or such Person, as the case may be, being herein called the “Successor Company”);
(ii)    the Successor Company (if other than such Borrower) expressly assumes all the obligations of such Borrower under each Loan Document to which such Borrower is a party pursuant to joinder documentation reasonably satisfactory to Agent;
(iii)    immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default exists;
(iv)    immediately after giving pro forma effect to such transaction, as if such transaction had occurred at the beginning of the applicable four-quarter period, either;
(A)    the Successor Company would be permitted to Incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness pursuant to the Term LoanFixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio test set forth in Section 10.2.2(a); or
(B)    the Term LoanFixed Asset Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the Successor Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries would be equal to or greater than such ratio for Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries immediately prior to such transaction;
(v)    if the Successor Company is other than such Borrower, each Guarantor with respect to such Borrower’s obligations, unless it is the other party to the transactions described above, shall have confirmed that its Guarantee and grant of security shall apply to such Person’s obligations under the Loan Documents;
(vi)    to the extent any assets of the Person which is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Successor Company are assets of the type which would constitute Collateral under the Security Documents, the Successor Company will take such action as may be reasonably requested by Agent to the extent necessary to cause such property and assets to be made subject to the Lien of the Security Documents in the manner and to the extent required by Section 10.1.11 hereof or any of the Security Documents and shall take all reasonably necessary action so that such Lien is perfected to the extent required by the Security Documents; and

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(vii)    the Collateral owned by or transferred to the Successor Company shall: (A) continue to constitute Collateral under this Agreement and the Security Documents, (B) be subject to the Lien in favor of Agent for the benefit of the applicable Secured Parties, and (C) not be subject to any Lien other than Permitted Liens or Liens otherwise permitted hereunder.
The Successor Company (if other than such Borrower) will succeed to, and be substituted for, such Borrower under the Loan Documents, and such Borrower will automatically be released and discharged from its Obligations. Notwithstanding the foregoing clauses (iii) and (iv), (a) any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor may consolidate, amalgamate or merge with or into or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or part of its properties and assets to any Borrower or any Restricted Subsidiary, (b) any Restricted Subsidiary that is a Guarantor may consolidate, amalgamate or merge with or into or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or part of its properties and assets to any Borrower, any Guarantor or any Restricted Subsidiary that becomes a Guarantor in connection with such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or disposal and (c) any Borrower may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with an Affiliate incorporated or organized in the same country of domicile and solely for the purpose of reincorporating or reorganizing the Borrowers in another state of the United States, the District of Columbia, any territory of the United States or Canada or any province thereof, as applicable, so long as the amount of Indebtedness of such Borrower and its Restricted Subsidiaries is not increased thereby and all Lien perfection steps have been satisfied, as required by the Agent.
(b)    Each Guarantor will not, and Holdings will not permit any Guarantor to, consolidate, amalgamate or merge with or into or wind up into (whether or not such Guarantor is the surviving Person), or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets in one or more related transactions to, any Person unless:
(i)    either (a) such Guarantor is the surviving Person or the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation, amalgamation or merger (if other than such Guarantor) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, lease, conveyance or other disposition will have been made is a Person organized or existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of such Guarantor, as the case may be, or (provided it is the same country of domicile) the laws of the United States, any state thereof, the District of Columbia or any territory thereof, or Canada or any province thereof, as applicable (such Guarantor or such Person, as the case may be, being herein called the “Successor Guarantor”) and the Successor Guarantor (if other than such Guarantor) expressly assumes all the obligations of such Guarantor under the Loan Documents to which such Guarantor is a party pursuant to joinder documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Agent or (b) such sale or disposition or consolidation or merger is not in violation of Section 10.2.3;
(A)    immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default exists;
(B)    to the extent any assets of the Guarantor which is merged, amalgamated or consolidated with or into the Successor Company are assets of the type which would constitute Collateral under the Security Documents, the Successor Company will take such action as may be reasonably requested by the Agent to the extent necessary to cause such property and assets to be made subject to the Lien of the Security Documents in the manner and to the extent required by Section 10.1.11 hereof or any of the Security Documents and shall take

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all reasonably necessary action so that such Lien is perfected to the extent required by the Security Documents; and
(C)    the Collateral owned by or transferred to the Successor Company shall: (i) continue to constitute Collateral under the Loan Documents, (ii) be subject to the Lien in favor of Agent for the benefit of the applicable Secured Parties, and (iii) not be subject to any Lien other than Permitted Liens.
(ii)    The Successor Guarantor will succeed to, and be substituted for, such Guarantor under the Loan Documents and such Guarantor’s Guarantee, and such Guarantor will automatically be released and discharged from its obligations under the Loan Documents. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) a Guarantor may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with an Affiliate incorporated or organized in the same country of domicile and solely for the purpose of reincorporating or reorganizing such Guarantor in another state of the United States, the District of Columbia, any territory of the United States or Canada or any province thereof, as applicable, so long as the amount of Indebtedness of the Guarantor is not increased thereby and all Lien perfection steps have been satisfied, as required by the Agent, (b) a Guarantor may merge, amalgamate or consolidate with another Guarantor or Holdings and (c) a Guarantor may convert into a Person organized or existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of such Guarantor or a jurisdiction in the United States or Canada or any province thereof, as applicable, and all Lien perfection steps have been satisfied, as required by the Agent.
(iii)    [Intentionally Omitted].
10.2.8    [Intentionally Omitted]

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10.2.9    Organization Documents. Amend, modify or otherwise change any of its Organization Documents as in effect on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date in any manner materially adverse to the Lenders; except that Holdings may amend such Organization Documents as necessary to permit one or more issuances of preferred Equity Interests, so long as such issuance is not otherwise prohibited hereunder.
10.2.10    Tax Consolidation. File or consent to the filing of any consolidated income tax return with any Person other than the Covenant Parties and Restricted Subsidiaries.
10.2.11    Accounting Changes. (a) Make any material change in accounting treatment or reporting practices, except as required by GAAP and in accordance with Section 1.2; or change its fiscal year or (b) be included in a fiscal unity (fiscal eenheid) for Dutch tax purposes with any Person other than the Covenant Parties and Restricted Subsidiaries.
10.2.12    Dividend and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries. Directly or indirectly, create or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or consensual restriction on the ability of any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Guarantor to:
(a)    (i) pay dividends or make any other distributions to Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (1) on its Capital Stock or (2) with respect to any other interest or participation in, or measured by, its profits; or (ii) pay any Indebtedness owed to Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(b)    make loans or advances to Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; or
(c)    sell, lease or transfer any of its properties or assets to Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;
except in each case for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:
(i)    contractual encumbrances or restrictions in effect or entered into on the Third Restatement Date, including pursuant to this Agreement, the Loan Documents and the other documents relating to this Agreement and related Hedging Obligations and, the related documentation, the term loan credit agreement governing the Fixed Asset Facility Indenture incurred on the date hereof and related Hedging Obligations and the related documentation and any documents relating to the Senior Unsecured Notes;
(ii)    [Intentionally Omitted];
(iii)    applicable law or any applicable rule, regulation or order;
(iv)    any agreement or other instrument of a Person, or relating to Indebtedness or capital stock of a Person, which Person is acquired by or merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary, or any other transaction entered into in connection with such acquisition, merger, consolidation or amalgamation, which was in existence at the time of such acquisition or at the time it mergers, consolidates or amalgamates with or into Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (but, in each case, not created in contemplation thereof), which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the

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properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person and its Subsidiaries, or the property or assets of the Person and its Subsidiaries, so acquired;
(v)    contracts for the sale or disposition of assets, including customary encumbrances or restrictions with respect to a Subsidiary of (i) Holdings or (ii) any of its Restricted Subsidiaries imposed pursuant to an agreement entered into for the sale or disposition of all or substantially all the Capital Stock or assets of such Subsidiary;
(vi)    restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(vii)    customary provisions in (x) joint venture agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business with respect to the Equity Interests subject to the joint venture and (y) operating or other similar agreements, asset sale agreements, stock sale agreements entered into in connection with the entering into of such transaction, which limitation is applicable only to the assets that are the subject of those agreements;
(viii)    purchase money obligations for property acquired in the ordinary course of business and Capitalized Lease Obligations to the extent imposing restrictions of the nature discussed in clause (c) above on the property so acquired;
(ix)    customary provisions contained in leases, subleases, licenses, sublicenses, contracts and other similar agreements, including with respect to intellectual property and other agreements;
(x)    any encumbrance or restriction contained in any documentation relating to a Permitted Receivables Financing;
(xi)    other Indebtedness, Disqualified Stock or Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary of the Borrower that is Incurred subsequent to April 4, 2014 pursuant to Section 10.2.2; provided that such encumbrances and restrictions contained in any agreement or instrument will not materially affect Holdings’ ability to make anticipated principal or interest payment on the Loans (as determined by Holdings in good faith);
(xii)    any encumbrance or restriction contained in Secured Indebtedness otherwise permitted to be Incurred pursuant to Sections 10.2.1 and 10.2.2 to the extent limiting the right of the debtor to dispose of the assets securing such Indebtedness;
(xiii)    encumbrances or restrictions arising or agreed to in the ordinary course of business, not relating to any Indebtedness, and that do not, individually or in the aggregate, (x) detract from the value of the property or assets of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary in any manner material to Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary or (y) materially affect Holdings’ ability to make anticipated principal or interest payment on the Loans (as determined by Holdings in good faith);

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(xiv)    encumbrances or restrictions existing under, by reason of or with respect to Refinancing Indebtedness; provided that the encumbrances and restrictions contained in the agreements governing that Refinancing Indebtedness are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the agreements governing the Indebtedness being refinanced;
(xv)    any encumbrance or restriction with respect to a Subsidiary which was previously an Unrestricted Subsidiary pursuant to or by reason of an agreement that such Subsidiary is a party to or entered into before the date on which such Subsidiary became a Restricted Subsidiary; provided that such agreement was not entered into in anticipation of an Unrestricted Subsidiary becoming a Restricted Subsidiary and any such encumbrance or restriction does not extend to any assets or property of Holdings or any other Restricted Subsidiary other than the assets and property of such Subsidiary;
(xvi)    restrictions or conditions contained in any trading, netting, operating, construction, service, supply, purchase, sale or other agreement to which Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is a party entered into in the ordinary course of business; provided that such agreement prohibits the encumbrance of solely the property or assets of Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary that are the subject to such agreement, the payment rights arising thereunder or the proceeds thereof and does not extend to any other asset or property of Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary or the assets or property of another Restricted Subsidiary; and
(xvii)    any encumbrances or restrictions imposed by any amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or Refinancings of the contracts, instruments or obligations referred to in clauses (i) through (xvi) above; provided that such amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or Refinancings are, in the good faith judgment of Holdings, not materially more restrictive with respect to such encumbrances and other restrictions taken as a whole than prior to such amendment, modification, restatement, renewal, increase, supplement, refunding, replacement or refinancing.
For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 10.2.12, (i) the priority of any Preferred Stock in receiving dividends or liquidating distributions prior to dividends or liquidating distributions being paid on common stock shall not be deemed a restriction on the ability to make distributions on Capital Stock and (ii) the subordination of loans or advances made to Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary of Holdings to other Indebtedness Incurred by Holdings or any such Restricted Subsidiary shall not be deemed a restriction on the ability to make loans or advances.
10.2.13    Hedging Agreements. Enter into any Hedging Agreement, except to hedge risks arising under the Loan Documents, the Permitted Secured Debt Documents, the Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt Documents or in the ordinary course of business and, in any case, not for speculative purposes.

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10.2.14    Conduct of Business. Engage in any business, other than its business as conducted on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date or reasonable extensions thereof and other businesses reasonably incidental or related thereto (including relating to manufacturing processes), and any activities incidental thereto.
10.2.15    Affiliate Transactions. (a) Directly or indirectly, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or amend any transaction or series of transactions, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or Guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate of Holdings (each of the foregoing, an “Affiliate Transaction”) involving aggregate consideration in excess of $10,000,000, unless:
(i)    such Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are not materially less favorable to Holdings or the relevant Restricted Subsidiary than those that could have been obtained in a comparable transaction by Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary with an unrelated Person;
(ii)    with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $25,000,000, Holdings delivers to Agent a resolution adopted in good faith by the majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings, approving such Affiliate Transaction and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate certifying that such Affiliate Transaction complies with clause (i) above.
(b)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, Section 10.2.15 will not apply to the following:
(i)    (A) transactions between or among Holdings and/or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or an entity that becomes a Restricted Subsidiary as a result of such transaction) and (B) any merger, amalgamation or consolidation of Holdings or any other Parent Entity, provided that such parent company shall have no material liabilities and no material assets other than cash, Cash Equivalents and the Capital Stock of Holdings and such merger, amalgamation or consolidation is otherwise in compliance with the terms of this Agreement;
(ii)    (A) Restricted Payments permitted by Section 10.2.3 and (B) Permitted Investments;
(iii)    any employment and severance agreements entered into by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business and the payment of reasonable and customary fees and compensation paid to, and indemnity and similar arrangements provided on behalf of, officers, directors, employees, managers, service providers or consultants of Holdings or any Restricted Subsidiary or Holdings or (to the extent relating to the business of Holdings and its Subsidiaries) Holdings or any other Parent Entity;
(iv)    transactions in which Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as the case may be, delivers to Agent a letter from an Independent Financial Advisor stating that such transaction is fair to Holdings or such Restricted Subsidiary from a financial point of view or meets the requirements of Section 10.2.15(a)(i);
(v)    payments or loans (or cancellation of loans, advances or Guarantees) or advances to employees or consultants or Guarantees in respect thereof for bona fide business purposes in the ordinary course of business;

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(vi)    any agreement or arrangement as in effect or contemplated as of the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date or as thereafter amended, supplemented or replaced (so long as such amended, supplemented or replaced agreement is not more disadvantageous to the Lenders in any material respect than the original agreement or arrangement as in effect on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date) or any transaction or payments contemplated thereby;
(vii)    [Intentionally Omitted];
(viii)    the existence of, or the performance by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of its obligations under the terms of, any stockholders or similar agreement (including any registration rights agreement or purchase agreement related thereto) to which it is a party as of the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date and any amendment thereto or similar transactions, arrangements or agreements which it may enter into thereafter; provided, however, that the existence of, or the performance by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of its obligations under, any future amendment to any such existing transaction, arrangement or agreement or under any similar transaction, arrangement or agreement entered into after the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date shall only be permitted by this clause (viii) to the extent that the terms of any such existing transaction, arrangement or agreement together with all amendments thereto, taken as a whole, or new agreement are not otherwise more disadvantageous to the Lenders in any material respect than the original transaction, arrangement or agreement as in effect on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date;
(ix)    (A) transactions with customers, clients, suppliers or purchasers or sellers of goods or services, in each case in the ordinary course of business and otherwise in compliance with the terms of this Agreement, which are fair to Holdings and its Restricted Subsidiaries in the reasonable determination of the Board of Directors or the senior management of Holdings, and are on terms at least as favorable as might reasonably have been obtained at such time from an unaffiliated party or (B) transactions with Unrestricted Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;
(x)    any transaction effected as part of a Permitted Receivables Financing;
(xi)    the sale or issuance or transfer of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of Holdings and the granting and performing of reasonable and customary registration rights;
(xii)    payments by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to any of the Investors made for any financial advisory, financing, underwriting or placement services or in respect of other investment banking activities, including, without limitation, in connection with acquisitions or divestitures which payments are approved by a majority of the Board of Directors of Holdings in good faith;
(xiii)    any contribution to the capital of Holdings (other than Disqualified Stock);
(xiv)    any transaction with a Person (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary or a joint venture) which would constitute an Affiliate Transaction solely because Holdings or a Restricted Subsidiary owns an Equity Interest in or otherwise controls such Person;

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(xv)    transactions between Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and any Person that would constitute an Affiliate Transaction solely because a director of which is also a director of Holdings or any other Parent Entity; provided, however, that such director abstains from voting as a director of Holdings or such other Parent Entity, as the case may be, on any matter involving such other Person;
(xvi)    the entering into of any tax sharing agreement or arrangement and any payments permitted by Section 10.2.3(b)(xii);
(xvii)    transactions to effect the Transactions and the payment of all transaction, underwriting, commitment and other fees and expenses related to the Transactions;
(xviii)    pledges of Equity Interests of Unrestricted Subsidiaries;
(xix)    the issuances of securities or other payments, loans, advances or guarantees (or cancellation of loans, advances or guarantees) to employees, directors, managers, service providers or consultants of Holdings, any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or any Parent Entity and employment agreements, stock option and stock ownership plans or similar employee benefit plans which, in each case, are approved by Holdings in good faith;
(xx)    any employment, consulting, service or termination agreement, or customary indemnification arrangements, entered into by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with current, former or future officers and employees of Holdings or any of its respective Restricted Subsidiaries and the payment of compensation to officers and employees of Holdings or any of their respective Restricted Subsidiaries (including amounts paid pursuant to employee benefit plans, employee stock option or similar plans), in each case in the ordinary course of business;
(xxi)    transactions with Affiliates solely in their capacity as holders of Indebtedness or Equity Interests of Holdings or any of its Subsidiaries, so long as such transaction is with all holders of such class (and there are such non-Affiliate holders) and such Affiliates are treated no more favorably than all other holders of such class generally; and
(xxii)    the existence of, or the performance by Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of their obligations under the terms of, any customary registration rights agreement to which they are a party or become a party in the future.
(xxiii)    investments by any of the Investors in securities of Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (and any payment of out-of-pocket expenses incurred by such Investors in connection therewith) so long as the investment is being offered generally to other investors on the same or more favorable terms;
(xxiv)    transactions with joint ventures entered into in the ordinary course of business (including any cash management activities related thereto);
(xxv)    any lease entered into between Holdings or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, as lessee and any Affiliate of Holdings, as lessor, in the ordinary course of business; and
(xxvi)    intellectual property licenses in the ordinary course of business.

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10.2.16    Plans. Establish or become party to any Pension Plan, Canadian Pension Plan, Multiemployer Plan, Canadian Multi-Employer Plan or any Plan providing for medical or life insurance benefits with respect to terminated or retired employees, other than any in existence on the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date to which any Covenant Party or its Affiliate or ERISA Affiliate is a party, or amend any Pension Plan, Canadian Pension Plan, Multi-Employer Plan, Canadian Multi-Employer Plan, or any rights or entitlements, or the actuarial assumptions used thereunder, in a manner that would or would reasonably be expected to cause a material increase in any Covenant Party’s or its Affiliate’s or ERISA Affiliate’s liabilities thereunder (contingent or otherwise), except and to the extent (i) required by applicable Laws or a collective bargaining agreement, (ii) as the direct result of the consummation of any acquisition or (iii) if consented to in writing by Required Lenders or any such event could not reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the Lenders. No Covenant Party, as a Canadian Pension Plan sponsor or otherwise, shall, nor shall it permit, the wind up and/or termination of any Canadian Pension Plan unless it gives Agent 30 days prior written notice of such wind up or termination.
10.2.17    Certain Amendments. Amend, supplement or otherwise modify any document, instrument or agreement relating to the (a) Fixed Asset Facility if such modification is prohibited by the Intercreditor Agreement or (b) Secured Equivalent Investment Equivalent Debt Document if such modification is prohibited by the applicable intercreditor agreement, if such modification is materially adverse to the interests of any of (i) the Loan Parties, (ii) the Agent or (iii) the Lenders, including, any amendments that would affect the non-recourse nature thereof.
10.2.18    [Intentionally Omitted].
10.3    Financial Covenant. As long as any Commitments or Obligations (other than indemnity obligations that are not currently due and payable) are outstanding:
10.3.1    Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio. HoldingsParent and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis shall maintain a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as calculated on a consolidated basis) of at least 1.0 to 1.0 for each Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio Test Period ending during any Financial Covenant Trigger Period and on the date of the occurrence of the trigger for the applicable Financial Covenant Trigger Period.
SECTION 11. EVENTS OF DEFAULT; REMEDIES ON DEFAULT
11.1    Events of Default. Each of the following shall be an “Event of Default” hereunder, if the same shall occur for any reason whatsoever, whether voluntary or involuntary, by operation of law or otherwise:
(a)    A Loan Party fails to (i) pay when and as required to be paid herein, any amount of principal of any Loan or any reimbursement obligation under any drawn Letter of Credit or deposit any funds as Cash Collateral in respect of LC Obligations, or (ii) pay within three Business Days after the same becomes due, any interest on any Loan or on any reimbursement obligation under any drawn Letter of Credit, or (iii) pay within five Business Days after the same becomes due, any other amount payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document;
(b)    Any representation, warranty or other written statement of a Loan Party made in connection with any Loan Documents or transactions contemplated thereby is incorrect or misleading in any material respect when given;

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(c)    (x) A Loan Party breaches or fails to perform any covenant contained in Sections 8.1, 10.1.3(d), 10.2 or 10.3, or (y) a Loan Party breaches or fails to perform any covenant contained in Sections 8.2.4, 8.6.2(a)(1) or (b) or 10.1.1(a), and such breach or failure as referenced in this clause (y) is not cured within five (5) days after a Responsible Officer of such Loan Party has knowledge thereof or receives notice thereof from Agent, whichever is sooner;
(d)    A Loan Party breaches or fails to perform any other covenant contained in any Loan Documents, and such breach or failure is not cured within thirty (30) days after a Responsible Officer of such Loan Party has knowledge thereof or receives notice thereof from Agent, whichever is sooner;
(e)    A Guarantor repudiates, revokes or attempts to revoke, in writing, its Guarantee; a Loan Party contests the validity or enforceability of any Loan Document or any Obligations; or the perfection or priority of any Lien on any material portion of the Collateral granted or purported to be granted to Agent or any Loan Document ceases to be in full force or effect for any reason (other than a waiver or release by Agent and Lenders (or Required Lenders, if applicable), or on any Collateral for which perfection is not required hereunder or under any Loan Document, or any action solely in the control of Agent);
(f)    Any breach or default of a Loan Party occurs under any document, instrument or agreement to which it is a party or by which it or any of its Properties is bound, relating to any Indebtedness (other than the Obligations) in excess of the Dollar Equivalent of $35,000,000, if the effect of such breach or default is to permit the holder or holders of such Indebtedness to cause the maturity of such Indebtedness to be accelerated or demanded, or required to be repurchased or redeemed due to such breach;
(g)    Any judgment or order for the payment of money is entered against a Loan Party in an amount that exceeds, individually or cumulatively with all unsatisfied judgments or orders against all Loan Parties, the Dollar Equivalent of $35,000,000 (in each case, net of any insurance coverage therefor which has not been denied in writing), unless a stay of enforcement of such judgment or order is in effect, by reason of a pending appeal (and, where applicable, the posting of any necessary bond) or otherwise;
(h)    A loss, theft, damage or destruction occurs with respect to any Collateral if the amount not covered by insurance exceeds the Dollar Equivalent of $35,000,000;
(i)    Any Loan Party generally fails to pay or admits in writing its inability or refusal to pay, in each case, its debts as they become due; an Insolvency Proceeding is commenced by a Loan Party; a Loan Party agrees to, commences or is subject to any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of its affairs (except as permitted pursuant to Section 10.2.8); the Canadian Facility Loan Parties (excluding the U.S. Facility Loan Parties), taken as a whole, or the U.S./European Facility Loan Parties, in each case taken as a whole, are not Solvent; a Loan Party makes an offer of settlement, extension or composition to its unsecured creditors generally; a trustee is appointed to take possession of any substantial property of or to operate any material portion of the business of a Loan Party; or an Insolvency Proceeding is commenced against a Loan Party and either (1) such Loan Party consents to institution of the proceeding, (2) the petition commencing the proceeding is not timely contested by such Loan Party, (3) the petition is not dismissed within sixty (60) days after filing, or (4) an order for relief is entered in the proceeding;

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(j)    (i) (A) An ERISA Event occurs with respect to a Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan that has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in liability of a Loan Party or ERISA Affiliate to a Pension Plan, Multiemployer Plan, the PBGC or IRS, or which would constitute or could reasonably be expected to constitute grounds for appointment of a trustee for or termination by the PBGC of any Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (B) a Loan Party or ERISA Affiliate fails to pay when due any installment payment with respect to its withdrawal liability under Section 4201 of ERISA under a Multiemployer Plan; (C) the “funding target attainment percentage” (within the meaning of Code Section 430) (“FTAP”) for any plan year of a Pension Plan falls below the FTAP of such Pension Plan as of the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date; or (D) the amount of unfunded post-retirement benefit liabilities, determined in accordance with ASC 715-60, that have resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in liability of a Loan Party or its Affiliate or ERISA Affiliate increases relative to the amount of such liabilities as of the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date; (ii) a Termination Event occurs; (iii) any Canadian Domiciled Loan Party is in default with respect to any required contributions to a Canadian Pension Plan; or (iv) any Lien arises (save for contribution amounts not yet due) in connection with any Canadian Pension Plan, provided the events set forth in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) (whether or not in existence as of the Third RestatementFirst Amendment Effective Date), individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
(k)    A Change of Control occurs;
(l)    Any subordination provision in any Junior Indebtedness in a principal amount of $35,000,000, or any subordination provision in any Guarantee by any Loan Party of any Junior Indebtedness, shall cease to be in full force and effect, or any Loan Party shall contest in any manner the validity, binding nature or enforceability of any such provision or a proceeding shall be commenced by any subordinating party or any Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over any of them, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof; or
(m)    At any time that any Permitted Secured Debt or Secured Incremental Equivalent Debt is outstanding, the Intercreditor Agreement or applicable intercreditor agreement shall cease to be in full force or effect (except in accordance with its terms) or any of the Loan Parties or the Permitted Secured Debt Collateral Agent shall challenge, deny or disaffirm their respective obligations thereunder.

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11.2    Remedies upon Default. If an Event of Default described in Section 11.1(i) occurs and is continuing with respect to any Loan Party, then to the extent permitted by applicable Law, all Obligations (other than Secured Bank Product Obligations) shall become automatically due and payable and all Commitments shall terminate, without any action by Agent or notice of any kind. In addition, or if any other Event of Default exists, Agent may in its discretion (and shall upon written direction of Required Lenders) do any one or more of the following from time to time: declare any Obligations (other than Secured Bank Product Obligations) immediately due and payable, whereupon they shall be due and payable without diligence, presentment, demand, protest or notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Loan Parties to the fullest extent permitted by law; terminate, reduce or condition any Commitment, or make any adjustment to the Borrowing Base; require the Loan Parties to Cash Collateralize LC Obligations and Secured Bank Product Obligations, and, if the Loan Parties fail promptly to deposit such Cash Collateral, Agent may (and shall upon the direction of Required Lenders) advance the required Cash Collateral as Loans (whether or not an Overadvance exists or is created thereby, or the conditions in Section 6 are satisfied); and exercise any other rights or remedies afforded under any agreement, by law, at equity or otherwise, including the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC and the PPSA. Such rights and remedies include the rights to (i) take possession of any Collateral; (ii) require the Loan Parties to assemble Collateral, at the Loan Parties’ expense, and make it available to Agent at a place designated by Agent; (iii) enter any premises where Collateral is located and store Collateral on such premises until sold (and if the premises are owned or leased by a Loan Party, the Loan Parties agree not to charge for such storage); and (iv) sell or otherwise dispose of any Collateral in its then condition, or after any further manufacturing or processing thereof, at public or private sale, with such notice as may be required by applicable Law, in lots or in bulk, at such locations, all as Agent, in its discretion, deems advisable. Each Loan Party agrees that ten (10) days’ notice of any proposed sale or other disposition of Collateral by Agent shall be reasonable. Agent shall have the right to conduct such sales on any Loan Party’s premises, without charge, and such sales may be adjourned from time to time in accordance with applicable Law. Agent shall have the right to sell, lease or otherwise dispose of any Collateral for cash, credit or any combination thereof, and Agent may purchase any Collateral at public or, if permitted by law, private sale and, in lieu of actual payment of the purchase price, may set off the amount of such price against the Obligations.
11.3    License. Effective upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Agent is hereby granted an irrevocable, worldwide, non-exclusive right and license, including the right to sub-license (without payment of Royalty or other compensation to any Person) under any and all Intellectual Property owned or sublicensable by the Loan Parties, including computer hardware and software, trade secrets, brochures, customer lists, promotional and advertising materials, labels, packaging materials and other property, to use and exercise all other rights under such Intellectual Property in connection with advertising for sale, marketing, selling, collecting, making, having made, completing manufacture of, or otherwise exercising any rights or remedies with respect to, any Collateral. Each Loan Party’s rights and interests under such Intellectual Property, and Agent’s use thereof under this Section, shall inure solely to such Loan Party’s benefit. With respect to any trademarks or similar property included in the license granted hereunder, Agent shall ensure that the quality of the goods and services with which it uses such trademark or similar property shall be consistent with the quality of the goods and services as manufactured, marketed and sold by the Loan Parties.

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11.4    Setoff. At any time after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Agent, Issuing Banks, Lenders, and any of their Affiliates are authorized, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by Agent, such Issuing Bank, such Lender or such Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of a Loan Party against any Obligations then due, irrespective of whether or not Agent, such Issuing Bank, such Lender or such Affiliate shall have made any demand under this Agreement or any other Loan Document and although such Obligations may be contingent or unmatured or are owed to a branch or office of Agent, such Issuing Bank, such Lender or such Affiliate different from the branch or office holding such deposit or obligated on such indebtedness. The rights of Agent, each Issuing Bank, each Lender and each such Affiliate under this Section 11.4 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Person may have.
11.5    Remedies Cumulative; No Waiver.
11.5.1    Cumulative Rights. All agreements, warranties, guarantees, indemnities and other undertakings of the Loan Parties under the Loan Documents are cumulative and not in derogation of each other. The rights and remedies of Agent and Lenders are cumulative, may be exercised at any time and from time to time, concurrently or in any order, and are not exclusive of any other rights or remedies available by agreement, by law, at equity or otherwise. All such rights and remedies shall continue in full force and effect until Full Payment of all Obligations.
11.5.2    Waivers. No waiver or course of dealing shall be established by (a) the failure or delay of Agent or any Lender to require strict performance by the Loan Parties with any terms of the Loan Documents, or to exercise any rights or remedies with respect to Collateral or otherwise; (b) the making of any Loan or issuance of any Letter of Credit during a Default, Event of Default or other failure to satisfy any conditions precedent; or (c) acceptance by Agent or any Lender of any payment or performance by a Loan Party under any Loan Documents in a manner other than that specified therein. It is expressly acknowledged by the Loan Parties that any failure to satisfy a financial covenant on a measurement date shall not be cured or remedied by satisfaction of such covenant on a subsequent date.
11.6    Judgment Currency. If, for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court or obtaining an order enforcing a judgment, it becomes necessary to convert any amount due under this Agreement in Dollars or in any other currency (hereinafter in this Section 11.6 called the “first currency”) into any other currency (hereinafter in this Section 11.6 called the “second currency”), then the conversion shall be made at Agent’s spot rate of exchange for buying the first currency with the second currency prevailing at Agent’s close of business on the Business Day next preceding the day on which the judgment is given or (as the case may be) the order is made. Any payment made by a Loan Party to any Secured Party pursuant to this Agreement in the second currency shall constitute a discharge of the obligations of any applicable Loan Parties to pay to such Secured Party any amount originally due to the Secured Party in the first currency under this Agreement only to the extent of the amount of the first currency which such Secured Party is able, on the date of the receipt by it of such payment in any second currency, to purchase, in accordance with such Secured Party’s normal banking procedures, with the amount of such second currency so received. If the amount of the first currency falls short of the amount originally due to such Secured Party in the first currency under this Agreement, the Loan Parties agree that they will indemnify each Secured Party against and save such Secured Party harmless from any shortfall so arising. This indemnity shall constitute an obligation of each such Loan Party separate and independent from the other obligations contained in this Agreement, shall give rise to a separate and

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independent cause of action and shall continue in full force and effect notwithstanding any judgment or order for a liquidated sum or sums in respect of amounts due to any Secured Party under any Loan Documents or under any such judgment or order. Any such shortfall shall be deemed to constitute a loss suffered by such Secured Party and the Loan Parties shall not be entitled to require any proof or evidence of any actual loss. If the amount of the first currency exceeds the amount originally due to a Secured Party in the first currency under this Agreement, such Secured Party shall promptly remit such excess to the Loan Parties. The covenants contained in this Section 11.6 shall survive the Full Payment of the Obligations under this Agreement.
SECTION 12. AGENT
12.1    Appointment, Authority and Duties of Agent.
12.1.1    Appointment and Authority.
(a)    Each Secured Party appoints and designates Bank of America as Agent under all Loan Documents. Agent may, and each Secured Party authorizes Agent to, enter into all Loan Documents to which Agent is intended to be a party and accept all Security Documents, for the benefit of Secured Parties. Any action taken by Agent in accordance with the provisions of the Loan Documents, and the exercise by Agent of any rights or remedies set forth therein, together with all other powers reasonably incidental thereto, shall be authorized by and binding upon all Secured Parties. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Agent shall have the sole and exclusive authority to (a) act as the disbursing and collecting agent for Secured Parties with respect to all payments and collections arising in connection with the Loan Documents; (b) execute and deliver as Agent each Loan Document, including any intercreditor or subordination agreement, and accept delivery of each Loan Document; (c) act as collateral agent for Secured Parties for purposes of perfecting and administering Liens under the Loan Documents, and for all other purposes stated therein; (d) manage, supervise or otherwise deal with Collateral; and (e) take any Enforcement Action or otherwise exercise any rights or remedies with respect to any Collateral or under any Loan Documents, applicable Law or otherwise. The duties of Agent are ministerial and administrative in nature only, and Agent shall not have a fiduciary relationship with any Secured Party, Participant or other Person, by reason of any Loan Document or any transaction relating thereto. Agent alone shall be authorized to determine (in accordance with the terms hereof and the other Loan Documents) whether any Account or Inventory constitutes an Eligible Account or Eligible Inventory, whether to impose or release any reserve, or whether any conditions to funding or to issuance of a Letter of Credit have been satisfied, which determinations and judgments, if exercised in good faith, shall exonerate Agent from liability to any Secured Party or other Person for any error in judgment.
(b)    [Reserved].
(c)    Without limiting the powers of the Agent, for the purposes of holding any hypothec granted pursuant to the laws of the Province of Québec to secure the payment and performance of any and all Obligations by any Loan Party, each of the Secured Parties that is a party hereto hereby irrevocably appoints and authorizes the Agent and ratifies the appointment and authorization of the Agent, to act as the hypothecary representative, as contemplated under Article 2692 of the Civil Code of Québec, for all present and future Secured Parties (in such capacity, the “Hypothecary Representative”), and to enter into, to take and to hold on their behalf, and for their benefit, any hypothec, and to exercise such powers and duties that are conferred upon the Hypothecary Representative under any related deed

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of hypothec. The Hypothecary Representative shall: (a) have the sole and exclusive right and authority to exercise, except as may be otherwise specifically restricted by the terms hereof, all rights and remedies given to the Hypothecary Representative pursuant to any such deed of hypothec and applicable law, and (b) benefit from and be subject to all provisions hereof with respect to the Agent mutatis mutandis, including, without limitation, all such provisions with respect to the liability or responsibility to and indemnification by the Secured Parties and Loan Parties. Any person who becomes a Secured Party shall, by its execution of an Assignment and Acceptance Agreement, be deemed to have consented to and confirmed the Hypothecary Representative as the person acting as hypothecary representative holding the aforesaid hypothecs as aforesaid and to have ratified, as of the date it becomes a Secured Party, all actions taken by the Hypothecary Representative in such capacity. The substitution of the Agent pursuant to the provisions of this Section 12 also constitute the substitution of the Hypothecary Representative.
12.1.2    Duties. Agent shall not have anyThe title of “Agent” is used solely as a matter of market custom and the duties of Agent are administrative in nature only. Agent has no duties except those expressly set forth in the Loan Documents, and in no event does Agent have any fiduciary or implied duty to or relationship with any Secured Party or other Person by reason of any Loan Document or related transaction. The conferral upon Agent of any right shall not imply a duty on Agent’s part to exercise such right, unless instructed to do so by Required Lenders or Required Facility Lenders in accordance with this Agreement.
12.1.3    Agent Professionals. Agent may perform its duties through agents and employees. Agent may consult with and employ Agent Professionals, and shall be entitled to act upon, and shall be fully protected in any action taken in good faith reliance upon, any advice given by an Agent Professional. Agent shall not be responsible for the negligence or misconduct of any agents, employees or Agent Professionals selected by it with reasonable care.
12.1.4    Instructions of Required Lenders. The rights and remedies conferred upon Agent under the Loan Documents may be exercised without the necessity of joinder of any other party, unless required by applicable Law. In determining compliance with a condition for any action hereunder, including satisfaction of any condition in Section 6, Agent may presume that the condition is satisfactory to a Secured Party unless Agent has received notice to the contrary from such Secured Party before Agent takes the action. Agent may request instructions from Required Lenders, Required Facility Lenders or other Secured Parties with respect to any act (including the failure to act) in connection with any Loan Documents or Collateral, and may seek assurances to its satisfaction from Secured Parties of their indemnification obligations against Claims that could be incurred by Agent. Agent may refrain from any act until it has received such instructions or assurances, and shall not incur liability to any Person by reason of so refraining. Instructions of Required Lenders or Required Facility Lenders shall be binding upon all Secured Parties, and no Secured Party shall have any right of action whatsoever against Agent as a result of Agent acting or refraining from acting pursuant to instructions of all Lenders, Required Lenders or Required Facility Lenders, as applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, instructions by and consent of specific parties shall be required to the extent provided in Section 14.1.1. In no event shall Agent be required to take any action that, in its opinion, is contrary to applicable Law or any Loan Documents or could subject any Agent Indemnitee to personal liability.

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12.2    Agreements Regarding Collateral, Borrower Materials and Intercreditor Matters.
12.2.1    Lien Releases; Care of Collateral; Intercreditor Matters.
(a)    Canadian Lenders and the applicable Secured Parties (i) authorize Agent to, and Agent shall, release any Lien or guarantee with respect to any Canadian Facility Collateral (a) upon Full Payment of the Canadian Facility Obligations; (b) that is the subject of a disposition, merger, amalgamation or other combination or transaction, or a Lien which Loan Party Agent certifies in writing to Agent is not prohibited hereunder (and Agent may rely conclusively on any such certificate without further inquiry); or (c) with the written consent of all Canadian Lenders (or such lesser number as may be required by Section 14.1) and (ii) authorize Agent to, and upon Agent’s reasonable determination of the appropriateness to do so, Agent shall, subordinate their Liens to any purchase money lien permitted hereunder.
(b)    U.S. Lenders and the applicable Secured Parties (i) authorize Agent to, and Agent shall, release any Lien or guarantee with respect to any U.S./European Facility Collateral (a) upon Full Payment of the U.S./European Facility Obligations; (b) that is the subject of a disposition or other transaction which Loan Party Agent certifies in writing to Agent is not prohibited hereunder (and Agent may rely conclusively on any such certificate without further inquiry); or (c) with the written consent of all U.S. Lenders or such lesser number as may be required by Section 14.1) and (ii) authorize Agent to, and upon Agent’s reasonable determination of the appropriateness to do so, Agent shall, subordinate their Liens to any purchase money lien permitted hereunder.
(c)    Agent shall have no obligation to assure that any Collateral exists or is owned by a Loan Party, or is cared for, protected, insured or encumbered, nor to assure that Agent’s Liens have been properly created, perfected or enforced, or are entitled to any particular priority, nor to exercise any duty of care with respect to any Collateral.
(d)    (i)    U.S. Lenders and the applicable Secured Parties authorize Agent to enter into the Intercreditor Agreement, (ii) U.S. Lenders and the applicable Secured Parties authorize Agent to enter into other intercreditor agreements (in a form not materially less favorable, taken as a whole, to the U.S. Lenders than the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement, in the case of Indebtedness with Junior Lien Priority, or in a form customary for intercreditor agreements or collateral trust agreements in light of then prevailing market conditions, in the case of Other Pari Passu Lien Obligations), subordination agreements and amendments to the Security Documents to reflect arrangements with respect to any obligations (other than the U.S./European Facility Obligations) permitted to be incurred hereunder and secured by Liens permitted to be incurred hereunder on all or a portion of the Collateral securing the U.S./European Facility Obligations, on terms acceptable to Agent, and (iii) Canadian Lenders and the applicable Secured Parties authorize Agent to enter into other intercreditor agreements (in a form not materially less favorable, taken as a whole, to the Canadian Lenders than the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement, in the case of Indebtedness with Junior Lien Priority, or in a form customary for intercreditor agreements or collateral trust agreements in light of then prevailing market conditions, in the case of Other Pari Passu Lien Obligations), subordination agreements and amendments to the Security Documents to reflect arrangements with respect to any obligations (other than the Canadian Facility Obligations) permitted to be incurred hereunder and secured by Liens permitted to be incurred hereunder on all or a portion of the Collateral securing the Canadian Facility Obligations, on terms acceptable to Agent.

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(e)    Upon no less than ten (10) Business Days prior written notice (the “Tooling A/R Removal Notice”) to Agent from a Responsible Officer of the Loan Party Agent, the U.S. Borrower and the Canadian Borrower may, at their option, request that upon and after the effective date indicated in such notice that: (i) Eligible Tooling Accounts no longer be included in either of the U.S./European Borrowing Base or the Canadian Borrowing Base and (ii) the related U.S./European Tooling Vendor Reserve and the Canadian Tooling Vendor Reserve also no longer be included in the U.S./European Borrowing Base or Canadian Borrowing Base, as applicable. Any Tooling A/R Removal Notice shall be irrevocable when given, and each of the U.S. Borrower and the Canadian Borrower agree to deliver to Agent, upon request, an updated Borrowing Base Certificate giving effect to the changes specified in the Tooling A/R Removal Notice.  Upon the requested effective date indicated in the Tooling A/R Removal Notice, it is agreed that: (A) Eligible Tooling Accounts shall automatically, and without any further action required by any Person, no longer be included in either of the U.S./European Borrowing Base or the Canadian Borrowing Base (nor shall the related U.S./European Tooling Vendor Reserve nor the Canadian Tooling Vendor Reserve, as applicable, be thereafter included) and (B) the Agent shall, at the sole expense of the Loan Party Agent, terminate its Lien on all Accounts of the U.S. Borrower, the Canadian Borrower and each of their respective Subsidiaries, which in each case arise from the sale of tooling (“Tooling A/R”), and shall execute and deliver, without recourse, representation or warranty, all releases and other documents as reasonably requested (including partial-release UCC-3 financing statements, and comparable instruments under the PPSA) to evidence such release of Liens on Tooling A/R.
12.2.2    Possession of Collateral.
(a)    Agent, Canadian Lenders and the applicable Secured Parties appoint each Canadian Lender as agent (for the benefit of Canadian Facility Secured Parties) for the purpose of perfecting Liens in any Canadian Facility Collateral held or controlled by such Canadian Lender, to the extent such Liens are perfected by possession or control.
(b)    Agent, the U.S. Lenders and the applicable Secured Parties appoint each U.S. Lender as agent (for the benefit of U.S./European Facility Secured Parties) for the purpose of perfecting Liens in any U.S./European Facility Collateral held or controlled by such U.S. Lender, to the extent such Liens are perfected by possession or control.
(c)    If any Lender obtains possession or control of any Collateral, it shall notify Agent thereof and, promptly upon Agent’s request, deliver such Collateral to Agent or otherwise deal with it in accordance with Agent’s instructions.

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12.2.3    Reports. Agent shall promptly provide to Lenders, when complete, any field audit, examination or appraisal report prepared for Agent with respect to any Loan Party or Collateral (“Report”). Reports and other Borrower Materials may be made available to Lenders by providing access to them on the Platform, but Agent shall not be responsible for system failures or access issues that may occur from time to time. Each Lender agrees (a) that Reports are not intended to be comprehensive audits or examinations, and that Agent or any other Person performing an audit or examination will inspect only specific information regarding the Obligations or Collateral and will rely significantly upon Borrowers’ books, records and representations; (b) that Agent makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any Borrower Materials and shall not be liable for any information contained in or omitted from any Borrower Materials, including any Report; and (c) to keep all Borrower Materials confidential and strictly for such Lender’s internal use, not to distribute any Report or other Borrower Materials (or the contents thereof) to any Person (except to such Lender’s Participants, attorneys and accountants), and to use all Borrower Materials solely for administration of the Obligations. Each Lender shall indemnify and hold harmless Agent and any other Person preparing a Report from any action such Lender may take as a result of or any conclusion it may draw from any Borrower Materials, as well as from any Claims arising as a direct or indirect result of Agent furnishing same to such Lender, via the Platform or otherwise.
12.3    Reliance By Agent. Agent shall be entitled to rely, and shall be fully protected in relying, upon any certification, notice or other communication (including those by telephone, telex, telegram, telecopy or e-mail) believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been signed, sent or made by the proper Person. Agent shall have a reasonable and practicable amount of time to act upon any instruction, notice or other communication under any Loan Document, and shall not be liable for any delay in acting.
12.4    Action Upon Default. Agent shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default, or of any failure to satisfy any conditions in Section 6, unless it has received written notice from a Borrower or Required Lenders specifying the occurrence and nature thereof. If any Lender acquires knowledge of a Default, Event of Default or failure of such conditions, it shall promptly notify Agent thereof in writing. Each Secured Party agrees that, except as otherwise provided in any Loan Documents or with the written consent of Agent and Required Lenders, it will not take any Enforcement Action, accelerate Obligations (other than Secured Bank Product Obligations), or exercise any right that it might otherwise have under applicable Law to credit bid at foreclosure sales, UCC or PPSA sales or other dispositions of Collateral, or to assert any rights relating to any Collateral.

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12.5    Ratable Sharing. If any Lender obtains any payment or reduction of any Obligation, whether through set-off, lien enforcement or otherwise, in excess of its share of such Obligation, determined on a Pro Rata basis or in accordance with Section 5.5.1, as applicable, such Lender shall forthwith purchase from Agent, the applicable Issuing Bank and the other Applicable Lenders such participations in the affected Obligation as are necessary to share the excess payment or reduction on a Pro Rata basis or in accordance with Section 5.5.1, as applicable. If any of such payment or reduction is thereafter recovered from the purchasing Lender, the purchase shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, but without interest. No Lender shall set off against any DACA Deposit Account or Dominion Account without the prior consent of Agent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Defaulting Lender obtains a payment or reduction of any Obligation, it shall immediately turn over the amount thereof to Agent for application under Section 4.2.2 and it shall provide a written statement to Agent describing the Obligation affected by such payment or reduction. No Lender shall set off against any Dominion Account without Agent’s prior consent.
12.6    Indemnification. EXCEPT FOR LOSSES DETERMINED IN A FINAL, NON-APPEALABLE JUDGMENT BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION TO RESULT FROM AN AGENT INDEMNITEE’S OR ISSUING BANK INDEMNITEE’S ACTUAL GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, AS DETERMINED BY A FINAL, NON-APPEALABLE JUDGMENT OF A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, EACH LENDER SHALL INDEMNIFY AND HOLD HARMLESS AGENT INDEMNITEES AND ISSUING BANK INDEMNITEES, TO THE EXTENT NOT REIMBURSED BY THE LOAN PARTIES, ON A PRO RATA BASIS, AGAINST ALL CLAIMS THAT MAY BE INCURRED BY OR ASSERTED AGAINST ANY SUCH INDEMNITEE, PROVIDED THAT ANY CLAIM AGAINST AN AGENT INDEMNITEE RELATES TO OR ARISES FROM ITS ACTING AS OR FOR AGENT (IN THE CAPACITY OF AGENT). In Agent’s discretion, it may reserve for any Claims made against an Agent Indemnitee or Issuing Bank Indemnitee, and may satisfy any judgment, order or settlement relating thereto, from proceeds of Collateral prior to making any distribution of Collateral proceeds to Secured Parties. If Agent is sued by any Creditor Representative, debtor-in-possession or other Person for any alleged preference or fraudulent transfer, then any monies paid by Agent in settlement or satisfaction of such proceeding, together with all interest, costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in the defense of same, shall be promptly reimbursed to Agent by each Lender to the extent of its Pro Rata share.
12.7    Limitation on Responsibilities of Agent. Agent shall not be liable to any Secured Party for any action taken or omitted to be taken under the Loan Documents, except for losses determined in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to result from Agent’s actual gross negligence or willful misconduct. Agent does not assume any responsibility for any failure or delay in performance or any breach by any Loan Party, Lender or other Secured Party of any obligations under the Loan Documents. Agent does not make any express or implied warranty, representation or guarantee to Secured Parties with respect to any Obligations, Collateral, Loan Documents or Loan Party. No Agent Indemnitee shall be responsible to Secured Parties for any recitals, statements, information, representations or warranties contained in any Loan Documents or Borrower Materials; the execution, validity, genuineness, effectiveness or enforceability of any Loan Documents; the genuineness, enforceability, collectability, value, sufficiency, location or existence of any Collateral, or the validity, extent, perfection or priority of any Lien therein; the validity, enforceability or collectability of any Obligations; or the assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, business, creditworthiness or legal status of any Loan Party or Account Debtor. No Agent Indemnitee shall have any obligation to any Secured Party to ascertain or inquire into the existence of any Default or Event of Default, the

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observance by any Loan Party of any terms of the Loan Documents, or the satisfaction of any conditions precedent contained in any Loan Documents.
12.8    Successor Agent and Co-Agents.
12.8.1    Resignation; Successor Agent. Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Agent as provided below, Agent may resign at any time by giving at least thirty (30) days written notice thereof to Lenders and Loan Party Agent Upon receipt of such notice, Required Lenders shall have the right to appoint a successor Agent which shall be (a) a U.S. Lender or an Affiliate of a U.S. Lender; or (b) a financial institution reasonably acceptable to Required Lenders and (provided no Default or Event of Default exists) Borrowers. If no successor agent is appointed prior to the effective date of Agent’s resignation, then Agent may appoint a successor agent that is a financial institution acceptable to it, which shall be a Lender unless no Lender accepts the role. Upon acceptance by a successor Agent of its appointment hereunder, such successor Agent shall thereupon succeed to and become vested with all the powers and duties of the retiring Agent without further act, and the retiring Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder but shall continue to have the benefits of the indemnification set forth in Sections 12.6 and 14.2. Notwithstanding any Agent’s resignation, the provisions of this Section 12 shall continue in effect for its benefit with respect to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while Agent. Any successor to Bank of America by merger or acquisition of stock or this loan shall continue to be Agent hereunder without further act on the part of any Secured Party or Loan Party.
12.8.2    Co-Collateral Agent. If necessary or appropriate under applicable Law, Agent may appoint a Person to serve as a co-collateral agent or separate collateral agent under any Loan Document. Each right and remedy intended to be available to Agent under the Loan Document shall also be vested in such agent. Secured Parties shall execute and deliver any instrument, document or agreement that Agent may request to effect such appointment. If the agent shall die, dissolve, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, then all the rights and remedies of such agent, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, shall vest in and be exercised by Agent until appointment of a new agent.
12.9    Due Diligence and Non-Reliance. Each Lender acknowledges and agrees that it has, independently and without reliance upon Agent or any other Lenders, and based upon such documents, information and analyses as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis of each Loan Party and its own decision to enter into this Agreement and to fund Loans and participate in LC Obligations hereunder. Each Secured Party has made such inquiries as it feels necessary concerning the Loan Documents, Collateral and Loan Parties. Each Secured Party acknowledges and agrees that the other Secured Parties have made no representations or warranties concerning any Loan Party, any Collateral or the legality, validity, sufficiency or enforceability of any Loan Documents or Obligations. Each Secured Party will, independently and without reliance upon any other Secured Party, and based upon such financial statements, documents and information as it deems appropriate at the time, continue to make and rely upon its own credit decisions in making Loans and participating in LC Obligations, and in taking or refraining from any action under any Loan Documents. Except for notices, reports and other information expressly requested by a Lender, Agent shall have no duty or responsibility to provide any Secured Party with any notices, reports or certificates furnished to Agent by any Loan Party or any credit or other information concerning the affairs, financial condition, business or Properties of any Loan Party (or any of its Affiliates) which may come into possession of Agent or its Affiliates.

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12.10    Replacement of Certain Lenders. If a Lender (a) is a Defaulting Lender, (b) fails to give its consent to any amendment, waiver or action for which consent of all Lenders or the Supermajority Required Facility Lenders was required, and Required Lenders, or Required Facility Lenders, as applicable, have consented, or (c) gives notice under Section 3.5 or requests compensation under Section 3.7, or if either Borrower is required to pay additional amounts or indemnity payments with respect to a Lender under Section 5.8, then, in addition to any other rights and remedies that any Person may have, Agent or Loan Party Agent may, by notice to such Lender within one hundred twenty (120) days after such event (or within one hundred twenty (120) days after receipt of a notice from such Lender claiming indemnity payments under Section 5.8), require such Lender to assign all of its rights and obligations under the Loan Documents to Eligible Assignee(s) specified by Agent or Loan Party Agent, pursuant to appropriate Assignment and Acceptance(s) and within twenty (20) days after Agent’s or Loan Party Agent’s notice, as applicable; provided that, in the case of an assignment resulting from a claim for compensation or indemnity payments under Section 3.7 or Section 5.8, such assignment will result in a reduction of claims for compensation or indemnity payments thereafter. Agent is irrevocably appointed as attorney-in-fact to execute any such Assignment and Acceptance if Lender fails to execute same. Such Lender shall be entitled to receive, in cash, concurrently with such assignment, all amounts owed to it under the Loan Documents, including all principal, interest and fees through the date of assignment but excluding any prepayment charge.
12.11    Remittance of Payments and Collections.
12.11.1    Remittances Generally. All payments by any Lender to Agent shall be made by the time and on the day set forth in this Agreement, in immediately available funds. If no time for payment is specified or if payment is due on demand by Agent and request for payment is made by Agent by 11:00 a.m. on a Business Day, payment shall be made by Lender not later than 2:00 p.m. on such day, and if request is made after 11:00 a.m., then payment shall be made by 11:00 a.m. on the next Business Day. Payment by Agent to any Secured Party shall be made by wire transfer, in the type of funds received by Agent. Any such payment shall be subject to Agent’s right of offset for any amounts due from such payee under the Loan Documents.
12.11.2    Failure to Pay. If any Secured Party fails to pay any amount when due by it to Agent pursuant to the terms hereof, such amount shall bear interest, from the due date until paid in full, at the rate determined by Agent as customary for interbank compensation for two Business Days and thereafter at the Default Rate for Floating Rate Loans. In no event shall Borrowers be entitled to receive credit for any interest paid by a Secured Party to Agent, nor shall any Defaulting Lender be entitled to interest on any amounts held by Agent pursuant to Section 4.2.

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12.11.3    Recovery of Payments. If Agent pays an amount to a Secured Party in the expectation that a related payment will be received by Agent from a Loan Party and such related payment is not received, then Agent may recover such amount from the Secured Party. If Agent determines that an amount received by it must be returned or paid to a Loan Party or other Person pursuant to applicable Law or otherwise, then, notwithstanding any other term of any Loan Document, Agent shall not be required to distribute such amount to any Secured Party. If any amounts received and applied by Agent to any Obligations are later required to be returned by Agent pursuant to applicable Law, each Lender shall pay to Agent, on demand, such Lender’s Pro Rata share of the amounts required to be returned.
12.12    Individual Capacity. As a Lender, Bank of America shall have the same rights and remedies under the Loan Documents as any other Lender, and the terms “Lenders,” “Required Lenders”, “Required Facility Lenders” or any similar term shall include Bank of America in its capacity as a Lender. Agent, Lenders and their Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, provide Bank Products to, act as financial or other advisor to, and generally engage in any kind of business with, Loan Parties and their Affiliates, as if they were not Agent or Lenders hereunder, without any duty to account therefor to any Secured Party. In their individual capacities, Agent, Lenders and their Affiliates may receive information regarding Loan Parties, their Affiliates and their Account Debtors (including information subject to confidentiality obligations), and shall have no obligation to provide such information to any Secured Party.
12.13    Titles. Each Lender, other than Bank of America, that is designated (on the cover page of this Agreement or otherwise) by Bank of America as an “Agent,” “Arranger” or “Bookrunner” of any type shall have no right, power or duty under any Loan Documents other than those applicable to all Lenders, and shall in no event have any fiduciary duty to any Secured Party.
12.14    Bank Product Providers. Each Secured Bank Product Provider, by delivery of a notice to Agent of a Bank Product, agrees to be bound by Section 5.5 and this Section 12. Each Secured Bank Product Provider shall indemnify and hold harmless Agent Indemnitees, to the extent not reimbursed by Loan Parties, against all Claims that may be incurred by or asserted against any Agent Indemnitee in connection with such provider’s Secured Bank Product Obligations.
12.15    No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Section 12 (other than Section 12.2.1, 12.8 and 12.10) is an agreement solely among Lenders (and to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, Lenders and their Affiliates in their capacities as Secured Bank Product Providers) and Agent, and shall survive Full Payment of the Obligations. This Section 12 (other than Section 12.2.1, 12.8 and 12.10) does not confer any rights or benefits upon the Loan Parties or any other Person. As between the Loan Parties and Agent, any action that Agent may take under any Loan Documents or with respect to any Obligations shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized and directed by Secured Parties.

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12.16    Certain ERISA Matters.
12.16.1    Lender Representations. Each Lender represents and warrants, as of the date it became a Lender party hereto, and covenants, from the date it became a Lender party hereto to the date it ceases being a Lender party hereto, for the benefit of, Agent and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of the Loan Parties, that at least one of the following is and will be true: (a) Lender is not using “plan assets” (within the meaning of ERISA Section 3(42) or otherwise) of one or more Benefit Plans with respect to Lender's entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, Letters of Credit, Commitments or Loan Documents; (b) the transaction exemption set forth in one or more PTEs, such as PTE 84-14 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers), PTE 95-60 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts), PTE 90-1 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving insurance company pooled separate accounts), PTE 91-38 (a class exemption for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds) or PTE 96-23 (a class exemption for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers), is applicable with respect to Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, Letters of Credit, Commitments and Loan Documents; (c) (i) Lender is an investment fund managed by a “Qualified Professional Asset Manager” (within the meaning of Part VI of PTE 84-14), (ii) such Qualified Professional Asset Manager made the investment decision on behalf of Lender to enter into, participate in, administer and perform the Loans, Letters of Credit, Commitments and Loan Documents, (iii) the entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, Letters of Credit, Commitments and Loan Documents satisfies the requirements of sub-sections (b) through (g) of Part I of PTE 84-14, and (iv) to the best knowledge of Lender, the requirements of subsection (a) of Part I of PTE 84-14 are satisfied with respect to Lender’s entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, Letters of Credit, Commitments and Loan Documents; or (d) such other representation, warranty and covenant as may be agreed in writing between Agent, in its discretion, and Lender.
12.16.2    Further Lender Representations. Unless Section 12.16.1(a) or (d) is true with respect to a Lender, such Lender further represents and warrants, as of the date it became a Lender hereunder, and covenants, from the date it became a Lender to the date it ceases to be a Lender hereunder, for the benefit of, Agent and not, for the avoidance of doubt, to or for the benefit of any Loan Party, that Agent is not a fiduciary with respect to the assets of such Lender involved in its entrance into, participation in, administration of and performance of the Loans, Letters of Credit, Commitments and Loan Documents (including in connection with the reservation or exercise of any rights by Agent under any Loan Document.
SECTION 13. BENEFIT OF AGREEMENT; ASSIGNMENTS AND PARTICIPATIONS
13.1    Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Loan Parties, Agent, Lenders, and their respective successors and assigns, except that (a) no Loan Party (other than pursuant to a transaction permitted under Section 10.2.7(a)) shall have the right to assign its rights or delegate its obligations under any Loan Documents; and (b) any assignment by a Lender must be made in compliance with Section 13.3. Agent may treat the Person which made any Loan as the owner thereof for all purposes until such Person makes an assignment in accordance with Section 13.3. Any authorization or consent of a Lender shall be conclusive and binding on any subsequent transferee or assignee of such Lender.

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13.2    Participations.
13.2.1    Permitted Participants; Effect. Any Lender may, in the ordinary course of its business and in accordance with applicable Law, at any time sell to a financial institution (“Participant”) a participating interest in the rights and obligations of such Lender under any Loan Documents. Despite any sale by a Lender of participating interests to a Participant, such Lender’s obligations under the Loan Documents shall remain unchanged, such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for performance of such obligations, such Lender shall remain the holder of its Loans and Facility Commitments for all purposes, all amounts payable by the Loan Parties within the applicable Loan Party Group shall be determined as if such Lender had not sold such participating interests, and the Loan Parties within the applicable Loan Party Group and Agent shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with the Loan Documents. Each Lender shall be solely responsible for notifying its Participants of any matters under the Loan Documents, and Agent and the other Lenders shall not have any obligation or liability to any such Participant. A Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 5.8 in the same manner as if the Participant acquired its interest by assignment, provided the Participant complies with the requirements of Section 5.9 as if it were a Lender. Each Lender that sells participations to a Participant, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrowers, shall maintain a register of all such Participants, provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant register to any Person (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any Commitments, Loans or its other obligations under any Loan Document) except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such Commitment, Loan or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the Treasury regulations. The entries in the participant register shall be conclusive (absent manifest error), and the Borrowers and the Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the participant register pursuant to the terms hereof as a participant for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to the contrary. For the avoidance of doubt, Agent (in its capacity as Agent) shall have no responsibility for maintaining a participant register.
13.2.2    Voting Rights. Each Lender shall retain the sole right to approve, without the consent of any Participant, any amendment, waiver or other modification of any Loan Documents other than that which forgives principal, interest or fees, reduces the stated interest rate or fees payable with respect to the applicable Loan or Facility Commitment in which such Participant has an interest, postpones the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date or U.S./European Facility Revolver Commitment Termination Date, as applicable, or any date fixed for any regularly scheduled payment of principal, interest or fees on such Loan or Commitment in which such Participant has an interest, or releases the applicable Borrower, or all or substantially all of the benefits of the applicable Guarantee, or all or substantially all of the applicable Collateral.
13.2.3    Benefit of Set-Off. The Loan Parties agree that each Participant shall have a right of set-off in respect of its participating interest to the same extent as if such interest were owing directly to a Lender, and each Lender shall also retain the right of set-off with respect to any participating interests sold by it. By exercising any right of set-off, a Participant agrees to share with Lenders all amounts received through its set-off, in accordance with Section 12.5 as if such Participant were a Lender.

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13.3    Assignments.
13.3.1    Permitted Assignments. A Lender may assign to an Eligible Assignee any of its rights and obligations under the Loan Documents, as long as (a) each assignment is of a constant, and not a varying, percentage of the transferor Lender’s rights and obligations under the Loan Documents and, in the case of a partial assignment, is in a minimum principal amount of $5,000,000 (unless otherwise agreed by Agent and Loan Party Agent, each in its discretion) and integral multiples of $1,000,000 in excess of that amount; (b) except in the case of an assignment in whole of a Lender’s rights and obligations, the aggregate amount of the Commitments retained by the transferor Lender is at least $5,000,000 (unless otherwise agreed by Agent and Loan Party Agent, each in its discretion);
(c) the parties to each such assignment shall execute and deliver to Agent, for its acceptance and recording, an Assignment and Acceptance; and (d) the transferee Lender shall have executed a joinder to the Reallocation Agreement in form and substance acceptable to Agent. Nothing herein shall limit the right of a Lender to pledge or assign any rights under the Loan Documents to (i) any Federal Reserve Bank or the United States Treasury as collateral security pursuant to Regulation A of the FRB and any Operating Circular issued by such Federal Reserve Bank, or (ii) counterparties to swap agreements relating to any Loans; provided, however, (i) such Lender shall remain the holder of its Loans and owner of its interest in any Letter of Credit for all purposes hereunder, (ii) the Borrowers, Agent, the other Lenders and Issuing Banks shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, (iii) any payment by the Loan Parties to the assigning Lender in respect of any Obligations assigned as described in this sentence shall satisfy the Loan Parties’ obligations hereunder to the extent of such payment, and no such assignment shall release the assigning Lender from its obligations hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall limit the right of a Lender to pledge or assign any rights under the Loan Documents to another Lender following an acceleration of Loans and termination of Commitments pursuant to Section 11.2 in connection with implementation of the Reallocation Agreement following a Designation Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, assignment of Loans or LC Obligations with respect to the European Borrower pursuant to this Section 13.3.1 shall only be permitted if the Person to whom Loans or LC Obligations are assigned is a Non-Public Lender.
13.3.2    Register. Agent, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrowers, shall maintain at one of its offices a copy of each Assignment and Acceptance delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitments of, and principal amounts (and stated interest) of the Loans owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Register”). The entries in the Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and the Borrowers, Agent and the Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement. The Register shall be available for inspection by the Borrowers and any Lender, at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.

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13.3.3    Effect; Effective Date. Upon delivery to Agent of an assignment notice in the form of Exhibit E and a processing fee of $3,500 (unless otherwise agreed by Agent in its discretion), the assignment shall become effective as specified in the notice, if it complies with this Section 13.3. From such effective date, the Eligible Assignee shall for all purposes be a Lender under the Loan Documents, and shall have all rights and obligations of a Lender thereunder. Upon consummation of an assignment, the transferor Lender, Agent and the Loan Parties shall upon request by the transferring or transferee Lender make appropriate arrangements for issuance of replacement and/or new Notes, as applicable. The transferee Lender shall comply with Section 5.9 and deliver, upon request, an administrative questionnaire satisfactory to Agent.
13.3.4    Certain Assignees. No assignment or participation may be made to a Borrower, Affiliate of a Borrower, Defaulting Lender or natural person. Any assignment by a Defaulting Lender shall be effective only upon payment by the Eligible Assignee or Defaulting Lender to Agent of an aggregate amount sufficient, upon distribution (through direct payment, purchases of participations or other compensating actions as Agent deems appropriate), to satisfy all funding and payment liabilities then owing by the Defaulting Lender hereunder. If an assignment by a Defaulting Lender shall become effective under applicable Law for any reason without compliance with the foregoing sentence, then the assignee shall be deemed a Defaulting Lender for all purposes until such compliance occurs.
SECTION 14. MISCELLANEOUS
14.1    Consents, Amendments and Waivers.
14.1.1    Amendment. No modification of any Loan Document, including any extension or amendment of a Loan Document or any waiver of a Default or Event of Default, shall be effective without the prior written agreement of Agent (with the consent of Required Lenders) and each Loan Party party to such Loan Document; provided, however, that:
(a)    without the prior written consent of Agent, no modification shall be effective with respect to any provision in a Loan Document that relates to any rights, duties or discretion of Agent;
(b)    without the prior written consent of each affected Issuing Bank, no modification shall be effective with respect to any LC Obligations, Section 2.2 or Section 2.3 or any other provision in a Loan Document that relates to any rights, duties or discretion of such affected Issuing Bank;
(c)    without the prior written consent of each affected Lender, including a Defaulting Lender, no modification shall be effective that would (i) increase the Facility Commitment of such Lender; (ii) reduce the amount of, or waive or delay payment of, any principal, interest or fees payable to such Lender (except as provided in Section 4.2); (iii) increase the aggregate amount of all Commitments (except as set forth in Section 2.1.4) or (iv) extend the U.S./European Revolver Commitment Termination Date, the Canadian Revolver Commitment Termination Date or Facility Termination Date;
(d)    without the prior written consent of all Lenders (except any Defaulting Lender), no modification shall be effective that would (i) alter Section 5.5, 7.1 (except to add Collateral) or 14.1.1; (iii) amend the definitions of Pro Rata, Required Lenders, Required Facility Lenders or Supermajority Required Facility Lenders; (iv) amend this Section 14.1.1; or (v) increase the Maximum Facility Amount (except as set forth in Section 2.1.4);

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(e)    without the prior written consent of the Supermajority Required Facility Lenders having Commitments to a Borrower (except a Defaulting Lender as and to the extent provided in Section 4.2), no amendment or waiver shall be effective that would (x) with respect to Lenders having Facility Commitments to the Canadian Borrower, amend the definition of Canadian Borrowing Base (or, for purposes of such definition, any defined term used in such definition) or (y) with respect to Lenders having Facility Commitments to the U.S. Borrower and European Borrower, amend the definition of U.S./European Borrowing Base or the Maximum European Subline Amount (or, for purposes of each such definition, any defined term used in such definition);
(f)    without the prior written consent of all Lenders having Commitments to a Borrower (except a Defaulting Lender as and to the extent provided in Section 4.2), no amendment or waiver shall be effective that would (x) with respect to Lenders having Facility Commitments to the Canadian Borrower, (i) increase the advance rates applicable to the Canadian Borrower, (ii) release all or substantially all of the Canadian Facility Collateral, except as currently contemplated by Section 12.2.1, or (iii) release any Canadian Facility Loan Party from liability for any Canadian Facility Obligations, except as currently contemplated by Section 12.2.1; or (y) with respect to Lenders having Facility Commitments to the U.S. Borrower and the European Borrower, (i) increase the advance rates applicable to the U.S. Borrower or the European Borrower, (ii) release all or substantially all of the U.S./European Facility Collateral, except as currently contemplated by Section 12.2.1, or (iii) release any U.S./European Facility Loan Party from liability for any U.S./European Facility Obligations, except as currently contemplated by Section 12.2.1; and
(g)    without the prior written consent of a Secured Bank Product Provider, no modification shall be effective that affects its relative payment priority under Section 5.5.1.
Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, it is understood and agreed that (x) Agent and the Loan Party Agent may amend or modify this Agreement and any other Loan Document to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency therein and (y) this Agreement and the other Loan Documents may be amended and converted into an accounts receivables facility with the prior written agreement of Agent (with the consent of Required Lenders) and each Loan Party party hereto.
14.1.2    Limitations. The agreement of the Loan Parties shall not be necessary to the effectiveness of any modification of a Loan Document that deals solely with the rights and duties of Lenders, Agent and/or Issuing Banks as among themselves. Only the consent of the parties to any Collateral Access Agreement, Deposit Account Control Agreement or any agreement relating to fees or a Bank Product shall be required for modification of such agreement, and no Bank Product provider (in such capacity) shall have any right to consent to modification of any Loan Document other than its Bank Product agreement. The making of any Loans during the existence of a Default or Event of Default shall not be deemed to constitute a waiver of such Default or Event of Default, nor to establish a course of dealing. Any waiver or consent granted by Agent or Lenders hereunder shall be effective only if in writing, and then only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which it is given.

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14.1.3    Payment for Consents. No Loan Party will, directly or indirectly, pay any remuneration or other thing of value, whether by way of additional interest, fee or otherwise, to any Lender (in its capacity as a Lender hereunder) as consideration for agreement by such Lender with any modification of any Loan Documents, unless such remuneration or value is concurrently paid, on the same terms, on a Pro Rata basis to all Lenders providing their consent.
14.2    Indemnity. EACH LOAN PARTY SHALL INDEMNIFY AND HOLD HARMLESS THE INDEMNITEES AGAINST ANY CLAIMS THAT MAY BE INCURRED BY OR ASSERTED AGAINST ANY INDEMNITEE, INCLUDING CLAIMS ASSERTED BY ANY LOAN PARTY OR OTHER PERSON OR ARISING FROM THE NEGLIGENCE OF AN INDEMNITEE; provided that, in no event shall any Loan Party have any obligation hereunder to indemnify or hold harmless an Indemnitee with respect to a Claim that is determined in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to result from its actual gross negligence or willful misconduct. In the case of an investigation, litigation or proceeding to which the indemnity in this paragraph applies, such indemnity shall be effective whether or not such investigation, litigation or proceeding is brought by the Loan Parties, their equity holders or creditors, partners, a third party or an Indemnitee and whether or not an Indemnitee is otherwise a party thereto and, except for losses determined in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to result from an Indemnitee’s actual gross negligence or willful misconduct.
14.3    Notices and Communications.
14.3.1    Notice Address. Subject to Section 4.1.4, all notices and other communications by or to a party hereto shall be in writing and shall be given to any Loan Party, at Loan Party Agent’s address shown on the signature pages hereof, and to any other Person at its address shown on the signature pages hereof (or, in the case of a Person who becomes a Lender after the Third Restatement Date, at the address shown on its Assignment and Acceptance), or at such other address as a party may hereafter specify by notice in accordance with this Section 14.3. Each such notice or other communication shall be effective only (a) if given by facsimile transmission, when transmitted to the applicable facsimile number, if confirmation of receipt is received; (b) if given by mail, three (3) Business Days after deposit in the U.S. mail (or, in the case of a Canadian Domiciled Loan Party, the Canadian mail system, or, in the case of the European Borrower, the Netherlands mail system), with first-class postage pre-paid, addressed to the applicable address; (c) if given by personal delivery, when duly delivered to the notice address with receipt acknowledged; (d) if given by electronic mail or any other telecommunications device, when transmitted to an electronic mail address (or by another means of electronic delivery). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no notice to Agent pursuant to Section 2.1.4, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1.2, 3.1.3 or 4.1.1 shall be effective until actually received by the individual or department to whose attention at Agent such notice is required to be sent. Any written notice or other communication that is not sent in conformity with the foregoing provisions shall nevertheless be effective on the date actually received by the noticed party. Any notice received by Loan Party Agent shall be deemed received by all Loan Parties.

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14.3.2    Electronic Communications; Voice Mail. Electronic and telephonic communications (including e-mail, messaging, voice mail and internet websiteswebsites) may be used only for routine communications, such as delivery of Borrower Materials, administrative matters, distribution of Loan Documents, and matters permitted under Section 4.1.4. Agent and Lendersin a manner acceptable to Agent. Secured Parties make no assurances as to the privacy andor security of electronic or telephonic communications. Electronic communicationE-mail and voice mail mayshall not be used as effective notices under the Loan Documents.
14.3.3    Platform. Borrower Materials shall be delivered pursuant to procedures approved by Agent, including electronic delivery (if possible) upon request by Agent to an electronic system maintained by Agent (“Platform”). Borrowers shall notify Agent of each posting of Borrower Materials on the Platform and the materials shall be deemed received by Agent only upon its receipt of such notice. Borrower Materials and other information relating to this credit facility may be made available to Lenders on the Platform. The Platform is provided “as is” and “as available.” Agent does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of any information on the Platform nor the adequacy or functioning of the Platform, and expressly disclaims liability for any errors or omissions in the Borrower Materials or any issues involving the Platform. NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS, OR FREEDOM FROM VIRUSES OR OTHER CODE DEFECTS, IS MADE BY AGENT WITH RESPECT TO BORROWER MATERIALS OR THE PLATFORM. Lenders acknowledge that Borrower Materials may include material non-public information of Loan Parties and should not be made available to any personnel who do not wish to receive such information or who may be engaged in investment or other market-related activities with respect to any Loan Party’s securities. No Agent Indemnitee shall have any liability to Borrowers, Lenders or any other Person for losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses of any kind (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) relating to use by any Person of the Platform or delivery of Borrower Materials and other information through the Platform.
14.3.4    Non-Conforming Communications. Agent and Lenders may rely upon any communications purportedly given by or on behalf of any Loan Party even if they were not made in a manner specified herein, were incomplete or were not confirmed, or if the terms thereof, as understood by the recipient, varied from a later confirmation. Each Loan Party shall indemnify and hold harmless each Indemnitee from any liabilities, losses, costs and expenses arising from any non-conforming communication (including telephonic and electronic communications) purportedly given by or on behalf of a Loan Party.
14.4    Performance of the Loan Parties’ Obligations. Agent may, in its discretion at any time and from time to time, at the expense of the Loan Parties of the applicable Loan Party Group, pay any amount or do any act required of a Loan Party under any Loan Documents to (a) enforce any Loan Documents or collect any Obligations; (b) protect, insure, maintain or realize upon any Collateral; or (c) defend or maintain the validity or priority of Agent’s Liens in any Collateral, including any payment of a judgment, insurance premium, warehouse charge, finishing or processing charge, or landlord claim, or any discharge of a Lien. All payments, costs and expenses (including Extraordinary Expenses) of Agent under this Section 14.4 shall be reimbursed to Agent by the Loan Parties, on demand, with interest from the date incurred to the date of payment thereof at the rate applicable to Base Rate Loans. Any payment made or action taken by Agent under this Section 14.4 shall be without prejudice to any right to assert an Event of Default or to exercise any other rights or remedies under the Loan Documents.

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14.5    Credit Inquiries. Agent and Lenders may (but shall have no obligation) to respond to usual and customary credit inquiries from third parties concerning any Loan Party or Subsidiary.
14.6    Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of the Loan Documents shall be interpreted in such manner as to be valid under applicable Law. If any provision is found to be invalid under applicable Law, it shall be ineffective only to the extent of such invalidity and the remaining provisions of the Loan Documents shall remain in full force and effect.
14.7    Cumulative Effect; Conflict of Terms. The provisions of the Loan Documents are cumulative. The parties acknowledge that the Loan Documents may use several limitations, tests or measurements to regulate similar matters, and they agree that these are cumulative and that each must be performed as provided. Except as otherwise provided in another Loan Document (by specific reference to the applicable provision of this Agreement), if any provision contained herein is in direct conflict with any provision in another Loan Document, the provision herein shall govern and control.
14.8    Counterparts. Any Loan Document may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Agreement shall become effective when Agent has received counterparts bearing the signatures of all parties hereto. Delivery of a signature page of any Loan Document by telecopy or other electronic means shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of such agreement. Any electronic signature, contract formation on an electronic platform and electronic record-keeping shall have the same legal validity and enforceability as a manually executed signature or use of a paper-based recordkeeping system to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any similar state law based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act. Upon request by Agent, any electronic signature or delivery shall be promptly followed by a manually executed or paper document.
14.9    Entire Agreement. Time is of the essence with respect to all Loan Documents and Obligations. The Loan Documents constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all prior understandings and agreements, among the parties relating to the subject matter thereof.
14.10    Relationship with Lenders. The obligations of each Lender hereunder are several, and no Lender shall be responsible for the obligations or Commitments of any other Lender. Amounts payable hereunder to each Lender shall be a separate and independent debt. It shall not be necessary for Agent or any other Lender to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purposes. Nothing in this Agreement and no action of Agent, Lenders or any other Secured Party pursuant to the Loan Documents or otherwise shall be deemed to constitute Agent and any Secured Party to be a partnership, joint venture or similar arrangement, nor to constitute control of any Loan Party.

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14.11    No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility. In connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated by any Loan Document, the Loan Parties acknowledge and agree that (a)(i) this credit facility and any related arranging or other services by Agent, any Lender, any of their Affiliates or any arranger are arm’s-length commercial transactions between the Loan Parties and such Person; (ii) the Loan Parties have consulted their own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent they have deemed appropriate; and (iii) the Loan Parties are capable of evaluating, and understand and accept, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents; (b) each of Agent, Lenders, their Affiliates and any arranger is and has been acting solely as a principal and, except as expressly agreed in writing by the relevant parties, has not been, is not, and will not be acting as an advisor, agent or fiduciary for the Loan Parties, any of their Affiliates or any other Person (except as expressly set forth in Section 13.3.2), and has no obligation with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents except as expressly set forth therein; and (c) Agent, Lenders, their Affiliates and any arranger may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Loan Parties and their Affiliates, and have no obligation to disclose any of such interests to the Loan Parties or their Affiliates. Each Loan Party hereby agrees that it will not claim that any of the Agent, Lenders and their respective Affiliates has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect or owes a fiduciary duty or similar duty to it in connection with any transaction contemplated by a Loan Document..
14.12    Confidentiality. Each of Agent, Lenders and Issuing Banks shall maintain the confidentiality of all Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its Affiliates, and to its and their partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors and representatives (provided such Persons are informed of the confidential nature of the Information and instructed to keep it confidential); (b) to the extent requested by any governmental, regulatory or self-regulatory authority purporting to have jurisdiction over it or its Affiliates; (c) to the extent required by applicable Law or by any subpoena or other legal process; (d) to any other party hereto; (e) in connection with any action or proceeding relating to any Loan Documents or Obligations; (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as this Section 14.12, to any Transferee or any actual or prospective party (or its advisors) to any Bank Product; (g) to any direct or indirect contractual counterparty in Hedging Agreements or such contractual counterparty’s professional advisor, (h) with the consent of Loan Party Agent; or (i) to the extent such Information (i) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section 14.12 or (ii) is available to Agent, any Lender, any Issuing Bank or any of their Affiliates on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than the Loan Parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Agent and Lenders may publish or disseminate general information concerning this credit facility for league table, tombstone and advertising purposes, and may use the Loan Parties’ logos, trademarks or product photographs in advertising materials. As used herein, “Information” means all information received from a Loan Party or Subsidiary relating to it or its business that is identified as confidential when delivered. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information pursuant to this Section 14.12 shall be deemed to have complied if it exercises a degree of care similar to that which it accords its own confidential information. Each of Agent, Lenders and Issuing Banks acknowledges that (i) Information may include material non-public information; (ii) it has developed compliance procedures regarding the use of material non-public information; and (iii) it will handle such material non-public information in accordance with applicable Law.
14.13    [Intentionally Omitted].

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14.13    Acknowledgment Regarding QFCs. To the extent that the Loan Documents provide support, through a guarantee or otherwise, for any Swap or any other agreement or instrument that is a QFC (such support, “QFC Credit Support”, and each such QFC, a “Supported QFC”), the parties acknowledge and agree as follows with respect to the resolution power of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (together with the regulations promulgated thereunder, the “U.S. Special Resolution Regimes”) in respect of such Supported QFC and QFC Credit Support (with the provisions below applicable notwithstanding that the Loan Documents and any Supported QFC may in fact be stated to be governed by the laws of the State of New York and/or of the United States or any other state of the United States):
14.13.1    Covered Party. If a Covered Entity that is party to a Supported QFC (each, a “Covered Party”) becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, transfer of such Supported QFC and the benefit of such QFC Credit Support (and any interest and obligation in or under such Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support, and any rights in property securing such Supported QFC or such QFC Credit Support) from such Covered Party will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes if the Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support (and any such interest, obligation and rights in property) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. If a Covered Party or BHC Act Affiliate of a Covered Party becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under the Loan Documents that might otherwise apply to such Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support that may be exercised against such Covered Party are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes if the Supported QFC and Loan Documents were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. Without limitation of the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that rights and remedies of the parties with respect to a Defaulting Lender shall in no event affect the rights of any Covered Party with respect to a Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support.
14.13.2    Definitions. As used in this Section, (a) “BHC Act Affiliate” means an “affiliate,” as defined in and interpreted in accordance with 12 U.S.C. §1841(k); (b) “Default Right” has the meaning assigned in and interpreted in accordance with 12 C.F.R. §§252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable; and (c) “QFC” means a “qualified financial contract,” as defined in and interpreted in accordance with 12 U.S.C. §5390(c)(8)(D).
14.14    GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO ANY CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES (BUT GIVING EFFECT TO FEDERAL LAWS RELATING TO NATIONAL BANKS).
14.15    Consent to Forum.
14.15.1    Forum. EACH LOAN PARTY HEREBY CONSENTS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF ANY FEDERAL OR STATE COURT SITTING IN OR WITH JURISDICTION OVER THE STATE OF NEW YORK, IN ANY PROCEEDING OR DISPUTE RELATING IN ANY WAY TO ANY LOAN DOCUMENTS, AND AGREES THAT ANY SUCH PROCEEDING SHALL BE BROUGHT BY IT SOLELY IN ANY SUCH COURT. EACH LOAN PARTY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL CLAIMS, OBJECTIONS AND DEFENSES THAT IT MAY HAVE REGARDING SUCH COURT’S PERSONAL OR SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION,

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VENUE OR INCONVENIENT FORUM. EACH PARTY HERETO IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO SERVICE OF PROCESS IN THE MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN SECTION 14.3.1. Nothing herein shall limit the right of Agent or any Lender to bring proceedings against any Loan Party in any other court, nor limit the right of any party to serve process in any other manner permitted by applicable Law. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to preclude enforcement by Agent of any judgment or order obtained in any forum or jurisdiction.
14.16    Waivers by the Loan Parties. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, each Loan Party waives (a) the right to trial by jury (which Agent and each Lender hereby also waives) in any proceeding or dispute of any kind relating in any way to any Loan Documents, Obligations or Collateral; (b) presentment, demand, protest, notice of presentment, default, non-payment, maturity, release, compromise, settlement, extension or renewal of any accounts, documents, instruments, chattel paper and guarantees at any time held by Agent on which a Loan Party may in any way be liable, and hereby ratifies anything Agent may do in this regard; (c) notice prior to taking possession or control of any Collateral; (d) any bond or security that might be required by a court prior to allowing Agent to exercise any rights or remedies; (e) the benefit of all valuation, appraisement and exemption laws; (f) any claim against Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender, on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential, exemplary or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) in any way relating to any Enforcement Action, Obligations, Loan Documents or transactions relating thereto; and (g) notice of acceptance hereof. Each Loan Party acknowledges that the foregoing waivers are a material inducement to Agent, Issuing Banks and Lenders entering into this Agreement and that they are relying upon the foregoing in their dealings with the Loan Parties. Each Loan Party has reviewed the foregoing waivers with its legal counsel and has knowingly and voluntarily waived its jury trial and other rights following consultation with legal counsel. In the event of litigation, this Agreement may be filed as a written consent to a trial by the court.
14.17    Patriot Act Notice. Agent and Lenders hereby notify the Loan Parties that pursuant to the Patriot Act, the Proceeds of Crime Act and other applicable anti-money laundering, anti-terrorist financing, government sanction and “know your client” policies, regulations, laws or rules (the Proceeds of Crime Act and such other applicable policies, regulations, laws or rules, collectively, including any guidelines or orders thereunder, “AML Legislation”), Agent and Lenders are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each Loan Party, including its legal name, address, tax ID number and other information that will allow Agent and Lenders to identify it in accordance with the Patriot Act and the AML Legislation. Agent and Lenders will also require information regarding each personal guarantor, if any, and may require information regarding the Loan Parties’ management and owners, such as legal name, address, social security number and date of birth. Each Loan Party shall promptly provide all such information, including supporting documentation and other evidence, as may be reasonably requested by any Lender or any prospective assignee or participant of a Lender, in order to comply with the Patriot Act and/or the applicable AML Legislation, whether now or hereafter in existence. Loan Parties shall, promptly upon request, provide all documentation and other information as Agent, Issuing Bank or any Lender may request from time to time in order to comply with any obligations under any “know your customer,” anti-money laundering or other requirements of applicable Law.

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14.18    Canadian Anti-Money Laundering Legislation.
(a)    If Agent has ascertained the identity of any Canadian Facility Loan Party or any authorized signatories of any Canadian Facility Loan Party for the purposes of applicable AML Legislation, then Agent:
(i)    shall be deemed to have done so as an agent for each Canadian Lender, and this Agreement shall constitute a “written agreement” in such regard between each Canadian Lender and Agent within the meaning of the applicable AML Legislation; and
(ii)    shall provide to each Canadian Lender copies of all information obtained in such regard without any representation or warranty as to its accuracy or completeness.
Notwithstanding the preceding sentence and except as may otherwise be agreed in writing, each Canadian Lender agrees that Agent has no obligation to ascertain the identity of the Canadian Loan Parties or any authorized signatories of the Canadian Loan Parties on behalf of any Canadian Lender, or to confirm the completeness or accuracy of any information it obtains from any Canadian Facility Loan Party or any such authorized signatory in doing so.
14.19    Reinstatement. This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and continue to be effective should any petition be filed by or against any Loan Party for liquidation or reorganization, should any Loan Party become insolvent or make an assignment for the benefit of creditors or should a receiver or trustee be appointed for all or any significant part of such Loan Party’s assets, and shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment and performance of the Obligations, or any part thereof, is, pursuant to applicable Law, rescinded or reduced in amount, or must otherwise be restored or returned by any obligee of the Obligations, whether as a “voidable preference”, “fraudulent conveyance”, or otherwise, all as though such payment or performance had not been made. In the event that any payment, or any part thereof, is rescinded, reduced, restored or returned, the Obligations shall be reinstated and deemed reduced only by such amount paid and not so rescinded, reduced, restored or returned.
14.20    Nonliability of Lenders. Neither Agent, any Issuing Bank nor any Lender undertakes any responsibility to any Loan Party to review or inform any Loan Party of any matter in connection with any phase of any Loan Party’s business or operations. Each Loan Party agrees, on behalf of itself and each other Loan Party, that neither Agent, any Issuing Bank nor any Lender shall have liability to any Loan Party (whether sounding in tort, contract or otherwise) for losses suffered by any Loan Party in connection with, arising out of, or in any way related to the transactions contemplated and the relationship established by the Loan Documents, or any act, omission or event occurring in connection therewith, unless it is determined in a final non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction that such losses resulted from the actual gross negligence or willful misconduct of the party from which recovery is sought. NO LENDER SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE BY OTHERS OF ANY INFORMATION OR OTHER MATERIALS OBTAINED THROUGH

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INTRALINKS OR OTHER SIMILAR INFORMATION TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT.
14.21    INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT. NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, THE LIEN AND PRIORITY GRANTED TO AGENT PURSUANT TO ANY LOAN DOCUMENT AND THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHT OR REMEDY IN RESPECT OF THE COLLATERAL BY AGENT HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT. IN THE EVENT OF ANY CONFLICT BETWEEN THE TERMS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, THE TERMS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT SHALL GOVERN AND CONTROL WITH RESPECT TO ANY RIGHT OR REMEDY. WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, AND NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, ALL RIGHTS AND REMEDIES WITH RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL OF AGENT (AND THE SECURED PARTIES) SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, AND NO CREDITLOAN PARTY SHALL BE REQUIRED HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY LOAN DOCUMENT TO TAKE ANY ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THE COLLATERAL THAT IS INCONSISTENT WITH SUCH LOAN PARTIES’ OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE FIXED ASSET FACILITY ENTERED INTO ON THE DATE HEREOF. AGENT MAY NOT REQUIRE ANY CREDITLOAN PARTY TO TAKE ANY ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THE CREATION, PERFECTION OR PRIORITY OF ITS LIEN, WHETHER PURSUANT TO THE EXPRESS TERMS HEREOF OR OF ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR PURSUANT TO THE FURTHER ASSURANCE PROVISIONS HEREOF OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH ACTION WOULD BE VIOLATIVE OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT OR SUCH LOAN PARTY’S OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE FIXED ASSET FACILITY ENTERED INTO ON THE DATE HEREOF. THE DELIVERY OF ANY COLLATERAL TO AGENT UNDER THE FIXED ASSET FACILITY ENTERED INTO ON THE DATE HEREOF PURSUANT TO THE FIXED ASSET FACILITY ENTERED INTO ON THE DATE HEREOF SHALL SATISFY ANY DELIVERY REQUIREMENT HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH DELIVERY IS CONSISTENT WITH THE TERMS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT.
14.22    Amendment and Restatement.
(a)    On the Third Restatement Date, the Existing Loan Agreement shall be amended, restated and superseded in its entirety. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that (a) this Agreement and the other Loan Documents executed and delivered in connection herewith do not constitute a novation, payment and reborrowing, or termination of the Obligations under the Existing Loan Agreement as in effect prior to the Third Restatement Date and (b) such Obligations are in all respects continuing with only the terms thereof being modified as provided in this Agreement.
(b)    Notwithstanding the modifications effected by this Agreement of the representations, warranties and covenants of the Loan Parties contained in the Existing Loan Agreement, the Loan Parties acknowledge and agree that (1) any causes of action or other rights created prior to the Third Restatement Date in favor of any Lender and its successors arising out of the representations and warranties of the Loan Parties contained in or delivered (including representations and warranties delivered in connection with the making of the loans or other extensions of credit thereunder) in connection with the Existing Loan Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery of this

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Agreement; provided, however, that it is understood and agreed that the Borrowers’ monetary obligations under the Existing Loan Agreement in respect of the loans and letters of credit thereunder are evidenced by this Agreement as provided herein and (2) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents on the Third Restatement Date shall not impair the validity, effectiveness or priority of the Liens granted in favor of the Agent prior to the date hereof, or the Notes issued by the Borrowers prior to the date hereof, as applicable, and such Liens and obligations in respect of the Notes are ratified and reaffirmed and shall continue unimpaired with the same priority to secure the applicable Obligations.
(c)    All indemnification obligations of the Loan Parties pursuant to the Existing Loan Agreement (including any arising from a breach of the representations thereunder) shall survive the amendment and restatement of the Existing Loan Agreement pursuant to this Agreement.
(d)    [Reserved].
(e)    Each Loan Party hereby (a) ratifies and reaffirms all of its payment and performance obligations, contingent or otherwise, and each grant of security interests and liens in favor of the Agent, under each Reaffirmed Agreement to which it is a party, (b) agrees and acknowledges that such ratification and reaffirmation is not a condition to the continued effectiveness of such Reaffirmed Agreements and (c) agrees that neither such ratification and reaffirmation, nor the Agent’s, or any Lender’s solicitation of such ratification and reaffirmation, constitutes a course of dealing giving rise to any obligation or condition requiring a similar or any other ratification or reaffirmation from any Loan Party with respect to any subsequent modifications to the Reaffirmed Agreements. The Reaffirmed Agreements shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby ratified and confirmed.
14.23    Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEAAffected Financial Institutions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Lender that is an EEAAffected Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document, to the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the write-down and conversion powers of an EEAthe applicable Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:
1.(a)    the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by an EEAthe applicable Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any Lender that is an EEAAffected Financial Institution; and
2.(b)    the effects of any Bail-in Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:
(i)    a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;
(ii)    a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such EEAAffected Financial Institution, its parent undertaking, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or
(iii)    the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the write-down and conversion powers of any EEAthe applicable Resolution Authority.

199

14.24    Senior Notes Issuance. The parties acknowledge and agree that the Senior Notes Issuance will occur on or substantially concurrently with the Third Restatement Date, the net proceeds of which shall be applied to repay a portion of the obligations of U.S. Borrower under the Fixed Asset Facility.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank; signatures begin on following page]





200


ANNEX B

Amended Schedules

Schedule 1.1(a) Commitment of Lenders
Schedule 1.1(b) Contingent Obligations
Schedule 1.1(c) Existing Letters of Credit
Schedule 1.1(d) Investments
Schedule 6.1 List of Closing Documents
Schedule 8.5 Deposit Accounts
Schedule 8.6.1 Business Locations
Schedule 9.1.4 Corporate Names and Capital Structure
Schedule 9.1.6(b) Owned Real Property
Schedule 9.1.11 Intellectual Property
Schedule 9.1.14 Environmental Matters
Schedule 9.1.16 Litigation
Schedule 9.1.18(e) Canadian Pension Plans
Schedule 9.1.20 Labor Contacts
Schedule 9.1.24 Filing Offices
Schedule 10.1.13 Post-Closing Matters
Schedule 10.2.1 Liens
Schedule 10.2.2 Existing Indebtedness

























201


ANNEX C

Form of Intercreditor Agreement

[Intentionally Omitted]

202


Exhibit 10.5

COOPER‐STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INC.
US SALARY DEFERRAL PROGRAM

Purpose. The purpose of this Salary Deferral Program (this “Program”) is to better enable Cooper‐Standard Automotive Inc. (the “Company”) to address the challenges of the COVID‐19 global pandemic by providing for the deferral of a portion of US employees’ base salary until a later date.

Impacted Employees. This Program applies to all US salaried employees of the Company (the “Participants”).

Program Term. This Program will begin for payroll periods starting on May 4, 2020 (May 22, 2020 pay date) and will continue until terminated by the Company.

Deferral Percentage. During the Program term, all Participants will automatically have 20% (30% for the Company’s Chief Executive Officer) of their base salary deferred (“Deferrals”). However, if deferring such percentage of a Participant’s base salary would cause a Participant’s currently paid base salary to fall below a certain level as required by law, such as to comply with any requirements to maintain a valid visa or as needed to ensure the Participant is considered an exempt employee for purposes of the FLSA, then the amount of the Deferrals will be adjusted as needed to so comply.

Recordkeeping and Interest. Deferrals will be credited each payroll period into a “Deferral Account” that will be established on the Company’s books for each Participant. Interest will be credited to a Participant’s Deferral Account at a fixed rate of 2.65% immediately prior to payment.

Payment Date of Deferral Accounts
•Except as provided below, the balance of a Participant’s Deferral Account will be paid during calendar year 2021 in a lump sum or installments at the Company’s discretion. However, the Company may accelerate payment to the extent permitted by Internal Revenue Code Section 409A, including but not limited to, by payment of some or all of the Deferral Account within 30 days prior to January 1, 2021. However, if a Participant’s employment terminates before such payment date for any reason, then, subject to the forfeiture provision described below, the Participant’s Deferral Account will be paid in a lump sum at one of the following times:
(1)
if the Participant is entitled to severance payments, then at the earlier of (a) the end of the Participant’s severance payment period, but in no event later than December 31 of the year of the Participant’s termination, or (b) the time that active Participant Deferral Accounts are paid;
(2)
if the Participant is not entitled to severance payments, then as soon as reasonably practicable following the Participant’s termination of employment; or
(3)
Notwithstanding (1) and (2) above, if the Company determines that the Participant is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code and if the Participant’s termination occurs before January 1, 2021, then the Participant’s Deferral Account may not be paid during the first six months following the Participant’s termination date to comply with the required 6‐month delay under Section 409A.
•If making the payment at the time(s) described herein would jeopardize the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern, then the Company may delay making such payment (in whole or part) until such date as the payment would not place the Company in such jeopardy.





Forfeiture Upon Certain Terminations. A Participant will forfeit the Participant’s entire Deferral Account balance if the Participant’s employment with the Company terminates (i) due to the Participant’s theft or embezzlement, or terminates for any other reason and the Company discovers such theft or embezzlement after the Participant’s termination or (ii) due to the Participant’s voluntary resignation to accept employment with a direct competitor of the Company without the Company’s prior written consent. However, if the Participant is an officer subject to the Executive Severance Pay Plan, the Participant will forfeit the Participant’s entire Deferral Account balance if their employment termination meets the “Cause” definition in the Executive Severance Pay Plan.

Impact on Benefits. Except as may be required by law and subject to the consent of any applicable insurance company, any benefits provided to a Participant under the Company’s employee benefit plans that are determined by reference to base salary, including, but not limited to, life insurance, bonuses or separation pay, will continue to be calculated based on the Participant’s unreduced base salary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the definition of “compensation” for purposes of determining a Participant’s benefit under the Cooper‐Standard Automotive Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan will not include the amount of any Deferrals until the year of repayment.

Governing Law. This Program will be governed by the laws of the State of Michigan, without reference to any conflict of law principles thereof.

Section 409A. This Program has been designed to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder, which are incorporated by reference herein to the extent needed for this Program to so comply.

Amendment. This Program may be amended at any time by the Company in its discretion, provided that an amendment that reduces the then‐balance of a Participant’s Deferral Account must be approved by such Participant in writing.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused its duly authorized officer to execute this
Program document on its behalf as of the date set forth below.


COOPER‐STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE INC.
By: /s/ Larry E. Ott
Larry E. Ott
Title: Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer
Date: April 20, 2020





Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER, PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
(SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)
I, Jeffrey S. Edwards, certify that:
 
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
 
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date: May 11, 2020
 
 
 
By:
 
/S/ JEFFREY S. EDWARDS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jeffrey S. Edwards
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)





Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER, PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
(SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

I, Jonathan P. Banas, certify that:
 
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
 
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
 
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date: May 11, 2020
 
 
 
By:
 
/S/ JONATHAN P. BANAS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jonathan P. Banas
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)





Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the filing of this quarterly report of Cooper-Standard Holdings Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2020, with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned officers certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer's knowledge:
 
1.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date: May 11, 2020
 
 
 
By:
 
/S/ JEFFREY S. EDWARDS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jeffrey S. Edwards
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/S/ JONATHAN P. BANAS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jonathan P. Banas
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)