Expedia Group, Inc. (Form: 10-Q, Received: 05/21/2020 06:03:00)

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020



☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-37429

EXPEDIA GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware		20-2705720
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1111 Expedia Group Way W.

Seattle, WA 98119

(Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code)

(206) 481-7200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

__________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.0001 par value	EXPE	The Nasdaq Global Select Market
Expedia Group, Inc. 2.500% Senior Notes due 2022	EXPE22	New York Stock Exchange

The number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock as of May 8, 2020 was:



Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share	135,459,390	shares
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share	5,523,452	shares

Table of Contents

Expedia Group, Inc.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2020

Contents




Part I	Financial Information

Item 1	Consolidated Financial Statements

	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)	2

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)	3

	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2020 (unaudited) and December 31, 2019	4

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)	6

	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited)	5

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	7

Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24

Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	42

Item 4	Controls and Procedures	43

Part II	Other Information

Item 1	Legal Proceedings	44

Item 1A	Risk Factors	48

Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	49

Item 6	Exhibits	50
Signature		51

Table of Contents

Part I. Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

EXPEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In millions, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019

Revenue	$	2,209		$	2,609
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below) ⁽¹⁾	629			490
Selling and marketing ⁽¹⁾	1,210			1,521
Technology and content⁽¹⁾	308			297
General and administrative ⁽¹⁾	187			184
Depreciation and amortization	229			228
Impairment of goodwill	765			—
Impairment of intangible assets	121			—
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and other	(21		)	10
Restructuring and related reorganization charges	75			10
Operating loss	(1,294		)	(131		)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	10			11
Interest expense	(50		)	(41		)
Other, net	(145		)	20
Total other expense, net	(185		)	(10		)
Loss before income taxes	(1,479		)	(141		)
Provision for income taxes	82			41
Net loss	(1,397		)	(100		)
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests	96			(3		)
Net loss attributable to Expedia Group, Inc.	$	(1,301	)	$	(103	)

Loss per share attributable to Expedia Group, Inc. available to common stockholders
Basic	$	(9.24	)	$	(0.69	)
Diluted	(9.24		)	(0.69		)
Shares used in computing earnings (loss) per share (000's):
Basic	140,823			147,882
Diluted	140,823			147,882

_______



(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Cost of revenue	$	3	$	3
Selling and marketing	12		11
Technology and content	20		19
General and administrative	20		23

See accompanying notes.

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EXPEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In millions)

(Unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net loss	$	(1,397	)	$	(100	)
Currency translation adjustments, net of tax⁽¹⁾	(90		)	(5		)
Comprehensive loss	(1,487		)	(105		)
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests	(102		)	(5		)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Expedia Group, Inc.	$	(1,385	)	$	(100	)


(1)	Currency translation adjustments include tax expense of $2 million associated with net investment hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and tax expense of $3 million and for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

See accompanying notes.

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EXPEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In millions, except number of shares which are reflected in thousands and par value)



	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,905		$	3,315
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	813			779
Short-term investments	194			526
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $95 and $41	1,423			2,524
Income taxes receivable	74			70
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,243			521
Total current assets	7,652			7,735
Property and equipment, net	2,297			2,198
Operating lease right-of-use assets	628			611
Long-term investments and other assets	610			796
Deferred income taxes	258			145
Intangible assets, net	1,642			1,804
Goodwill	7,330			8,127
TOTAL ASSETS	$	20,417		$	21,416
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable, merchant	$	836		$	1,921
Accounts payable, other	859			906
Deferred merchant bookings	5,905			5,679
Deferred revenue	221			321
Income taxes payable	59			88
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	978			1,050
Current maturities of long-term debt	750			749
Total current liabilities	9,608			10,714
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities	4,180			4,189
Revolving credit facility	1,900			—
Deferred income taxes	58			56
Operating lease liabilities	547			532
Other long-term liabilities	383			389
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock $.0001 par value	—			—
Authorized shares: 1,600,000
Shares issued: 258,770 and 256,692; Shares outstanding: 135,454 and 137,076
Class B common stock $.0001 par value	—			—
Authorized shares: 400,000
Shares issued: 12,800 and 12,800; Shares outstanding: 5,523 and 5,523
Additional paid-in capital	13,124			12,978
Treasury stock - Common stock and Class B, at cost	(10,083		)	(9,673		)
Shares: 130,592 and 126,893
Retained earnings (deficit)	(470		)	879
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(301		)	(217		)
Total Expedia Group, Inc. stockholders’ equity	2,270			3,967
Non-redeemable non-controlling interests	1,471			1,569
Total stockholders’ equity	3,741			5,536
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	20,417		$	21,416

See accompanying notes.

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EXPEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In millions, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)



Three months ended March 31, 2019	Common stock			Class B common stock			Additional paid-in capital			Treasury stock				Retained earnings (deficit)			Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Non-redeemable non-controlling interest			Total
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional paid-in capital			Shares	Amount			Retained earnings (deficit)			Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Non-redeemable non-controlling interest			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018	231,492,986	$	—	12,799,999	$	—	$	9,549		97,158,586	$	(5,742	)	$	517		$	(220	)	$	1,547		$	5,651
Net income (loss)														(103		)				3			(100		)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes																	3			(8		)	(5		)
Payment of dividends to stockholders (declared at $0.32 per share)														(47		)							(47		)
Proceeds from exercise of equity instruments and employee stock purchase plans	1,801,048	—					91																91
Treasury stock activity related to vesting of equity instruments										197,122	(25		)										(25		)
Other changes in ownership of non-controlling interests							(3		)											9			6
Impact of adoption of new accounting guidance														6									6
Stock-based compensation expense							56																56
Other							1																1
Balance as of March 31, 2019	233,294,034	$	—	12,799,999	$	—	$	9,694		97,355,708	$	(5,767	)	$	373		$	(217	)	$	1,551		$	5,634



Three months ended March 31, 2020	Common stock			Class B common stock			Additional paid-in capital		Treasury stock - Common and Class B				Retained earnings (deficit)			Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Non-redeemable non-controlling interest			Total
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional paid-in capital		Shares	Amount			Retained earnings (deficit)			Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			Non-redeemable non-controlling interest			Total
Balance as of December, 2019	256,691,777	$	—	12,799,999	$	—	$	12,978	126,892,525	$	(9,673	)	$	879		$	(217	)	$	1,569		$	5,536
Net income (loss)													(1,301		)				(96		)	(1,397		)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes																(84		)	(6		)	(90		)
Payment of dividends to stockholders (declared at $0.34 per share)													(48		)							(48		)
Proceeds from exercise of equity instruments and employee stock purchase plans	2,078,035	—					86															86
Treasury stock activity related to vesting of equity instruments									335,468	(40		)										(40		)
Common stock repurchases									3,364,119	(370		)										(370		)
Other changes in ownership of non-controlling interests							1												4			5
Stock-based compensation expense							59															59
Balance as of March 31, 2020	258,769,812	$	—	12,799,999	$	—	$	13,124	130,592,112	$	(10,083	)	$	(470	)	$	(301	)	$	1,471		$	3,741

See accompanying notes.

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EXPEDIA GROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In millions)

(Unaudited)



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Operating activities:
Net loss	$	(1,397	)	$	(100	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation of property and equipment, including internal-use software and website development	185			176
Amortization of intangible assets	44			52
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets	886			—
Amortization of stock-based compensation	55			56
Deferred income taxes	(108		)	17
Foreign exchange loss on cash, restricted cash and short-term investments, net	98			5
Realized gain on foreign currency forwards	(19		)	(7		)
(Gain) loss on minority equity investments, net	188			(22		)
Provision for credit losses and other, net	105			(7		)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	1,086			(468		)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(791		)	(23		)
Accounts payable, merchant	(1,082		)	39
Accounts payable, other, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(129		)	146
Tax payable/receivable, net	(32		)	(169		)
Deferred merchant bookings	226			2,285
Deferred revenue	(99		)	169
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(784		)	2,149
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures, including internal-use software and website development	(287		)	(274		)
Purchases of investments	(285		)	(438		)
Sales and maturities of investments	585			—
Other, net	19			6
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	32			(706		)
Financing activities:
Revolving credit facility borrowings	1,900			—
Purchases of treasury stock	(410		)	(25		)
Payment of dividends to stockholders	(48		)	(47		)
Proceeds from exercise of equity awards and employee stock purchase plan	86			91
Other, net	(11		)	2
Net cash provided by financing activities	1,517			21
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents	(141		)	(11		)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents	624			1,453
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	4,097			2,705
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	4,721		$	4,158
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for interest	$	87		$	71
Income tax payments, net	56			105

See accompanying notes.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

March 31, 2020

(Unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

Description of Business

Expedia Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries provide travel products and services to leisure and corporate travelers in the United States and abroad as well as various media and advertising offerings to travel and non-travel advertisers. These travel products and services are offered through a diversified portfolio of brands including: Brand Expedia®, Hotels.com®, Expedia® Partner Solutions, Vrbo®, Egencia®, trivago®, HomeAway®, Orbitz®, Travelocity®, Hotwire®, Wotif®, ebookers®, CheapTickets®, Expedia Group™ Media Solutions, Expedia Local Expert®, CarRentals.com^TM, Expedia® CruiseShipCenters®, Classic Vacations®, Traveldoo®, VacationRentals.com and SilverRail^TM. In addition, many of these brands have related international points of sale. We refer to Expedia Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries collectively as “Expedia Group,” the “Company,” “us,” “we” and “our” in these consolidated financial statements.

COVID-19

In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) was initially detected in China, and over the subsequent months the virus spread globally. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic. Measures to contain the virus, including travel restrictions and quarantine orders, as well as limited operations for hotel and airline suppliers, have had a significant impact on the travel industry. This has contributed to unprecedented increases in cancellations and a decline in travel demand, which is having a material negative effect on our financial and operating results. It remains difficult to predict the duration of the impact from the virus, and when travel restrictions and quarantine orders will be lifted.

During this pandemic, Expedia Group has been working closely with our partners, and putting significant effort into taking care of our customers. For example, the Company has modified its cancellation policies. On near-term bookings with non-refundable rates impacted by COVID-19, customers have received refunds where hotels agree to make the booking refundable; otherwise, the customer received credit for a future booking. Recently, the Company started to allow customers eligible for a refund the ability to elect cash or credit for bookings impacted by COVID-19. Customers with certain non-refundable rates that are impacted by COVID-19 will continue to receive credit. Expedia Group continues to monitor the situation and adapt cancellation policies.

Due to the high degree of cancellations and customer refunds and lower new bookings in the merchant business model, the Company is experiencing unfavorable working capital trends and material negative cash flow. This is expected to continue until cancellations stabilize and travel demand begins to recover from current levels, at which time we expect merchant bookings and cash flow to increase. For a discussion on incremental credit losses and allowance impacts related to our accounts receivable and prepaid merchant bookings, see Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. For a discussion of goodwill and intangible asset impairments recognized in conjunction with this pandemic, see Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements. For a discussion of recent actions to strengthen our liquidity position in the current environment, see Note 11 – Subsequent Events.

Basis of Presentation

These accompanying financial statements present our results of operations, financial position and cash flows on a consolidated basis. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include Expedia Group, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and entities we control, or in which we have a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary of expected cash profits or losses. We have eliminated significant intercompany transactions and accounts.

We have prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. We have included all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim period. These adjustments consist of normal recurring items. Our interim unaudited consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). trivago is a separately listed company on the Nasdaq Global Select Market and, therefore is subject to its own reporting and filing requirements, which could result in possible differences that are not expected to be material to Expedia Group.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Accounting Estimates

We use estimates and assumptions in the preparation of our interim unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Our estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of our interim unaudited consolidated financial statements. These estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amount of net income or loss during any period. Our actual financial results could differ significantly from these estimates. The significant estimates underlying our interim unaudited consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition; recoverability of current and long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill; income and transactional taxes, such as potential settlements related to occupancy and excise taxes; loss contingencies; deferred loyalty rewards; acquisition purchase price allocations; stock-based compensation; accounting for derivative instruments and provisions for credit losses, customer refunds and chargebacks.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created and may continue to create significant uncertainty in macroeconomic conditions, which may cause further business disruptions and adversely impact our results of operations. As a result, many of our estimates and assumptions required increased judgment and carry a higher degree of variability and volatility. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, our estimates may change materially in future periods.

Reclassifications

We have reclassified prior period financial statements to conform to the current period presentation. During the first quarter of 2020, we reclassified depreciation expense from within our operating expense line items on our consolidated statements of operations to be included with intangible asset amortization expense. The following table presents a summary of the amounts as reported and as reclassified in our consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019:



	Three months ended March 31, 2019
	As reported		As reclassified
	(In millions)
Cost of revenue	$	513	$	490
Selling and marketing	1,535		1,521
Technology and content	429		297
General and administrative	191		184
Depreciation and amortization	52		228

Seasonality

We generally experience seasonal fluctuations in the demand for our travel services. For example, traditional leisure travel bookings are generally the highest in the first three quarters as travelers plan and book their spring, summer and winter holiday travel. The number of bookings typically decreases in the fourth quarter. Because revenue for most of our travel services, including merchant and agency hotel, is recognized as the travel takes place rather than when it is booked, revenue typically lags bookings by several weeks for our hotel business and can be several months or more for our alternative accommodations business. Historically, Vrbo has seen seasonally stronger bookings in the first quarter of the year, with the relevant stays occurring during the peak summer travel months. The seasonal revenue impact is exacerbated with respect to income by the nature of our variable cost of revenue and direct sales and marketing costs, which we typically realize in closer alignment to booking volumes, and the more stable nature of our fixed costs. Furthermore, operating profits for our primary advertising business, trivago, have typically been experienced in the second half of the year, particularly the fourth quarter, as selling and marketing costs offset revenue in the first half of the year as we typically increase marketing during the busy booking period for spring, summer and winter holiday travel. As a result on a consolidated basis, revenue and income are typically the lowest in the first quarter and highest in the third quarter. The growth of our international operations, advertising business or a change in our product mix, including the growth of Vrbo, may influence the typical trend of the seasonality in the future.

Due to COVID-19, which impacted travel bookings made in the first quarter 2020 and led to significant cancellations for future travel, we do not expect our typical seasonal pattern for bookings, revenue and profit during 2020. In addition, with the lower new bookings and elevated cancellations in the merchant business model, our typical, seasonal working capital source of cash has been significantly disrupted resulting in the Company experiencing unfavorable working capital trends and material negative cash flow. This is expected to continue until cancellations stabilize and travel demand begins to recover from current

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

levels, at which time we expect merchant bookings and cash flow to increase. It is difficult to forecast the seasonality for the upcoming quarters, given the uncertainty related to the duration of the impact from COVID-19 and the shape and timing of a recovery.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Recently Adopted Accounting Policies

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. As of January 1, 2020, we adopted the Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) guidance on the measurement of credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost, which includes accounts receivable, and available-for-sale debt securities, using the modified retrospective method. The new guidance replaced the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. Upon adoption, this new guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and no cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings was made.

Cloud Computing Arrangements. As of January 1, 2020, we adopted the new ASU guidance on the accounting for implementation costs incurred for a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract using the prospective method. The update conformed the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract with the accounting guidance that provides for capitalization of costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use-software. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value Measurements. As of January 1, 2020, we adopted the new ASU guidance related to the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements, which removed, modified or added certain disclosures using the prospective method. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Guarantor Financial Information. In March 2020, the SEC amended Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X regarding financial disclosure requirements for registered debt offerings involving subsidiaries as either issuers or guarantors and affiliates whose securities are pledged as collateral. This new guidance narrows the circumstances that require separate financial statements of subsidiary issuers and guarantors and streamlines the alternative disclosures required in lieu of those statements. We adopted these amendments for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. Accordingly, combined summarized financial information has been presented only for the issuer and guarantors of our senior notes for the most recent fiscal year and the year-to-date interim period, and the location of the required disclosures has been removed from the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and moved to Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Recent Accounting Policies Not Yet Adopted

Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued new guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes. This new standard eliminates certain exceptions in current guidance related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. It also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. For public business entities, this guidance is effective for interim or annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted in any interim period within that year. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements and the timing of adoption

Investments - equity securities; Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures; Derivatives and Hedging. In January 2020, the FASB issued an accounting standards update which clarifies the interaction between the accounting for investments in equity securities, equity method investments and certain derivative instruments. The new standard is expected to reduce diversity in practice and increase comparability of the accounting for these interactions. The standards update is effective for interim or annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements and the timing of adoption.

Significant Accounting Policies

Below are the significant accounting policies updated during 2020 as a result of the recently adopted accounting policies noted above as well as certain other accounting policies with interim disclosure requirements. For a comprehensive description of our accounting policies, refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Revenue

Prepaid Merchant Bookings. We classify payments made to suppliers in advance of our performance obligations as prepaid merchant bookings included within prepaid and other current assets. Prepaid merchant bookings was $533 million as of March 31, 2020, which is net of a $23 million reserve for future collectibility risk in consideration of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy, and $226 million as of December 31, 2019.

Deferred Merchant Bookings. We classify cash payments received in advance of our performance obligations as deferred merchant bookings. At December 31, 2019, $4.898 billion of cash advance cash payments was reported within deferred merchant bookings, $2.880 billion of which was recognized resulting in $442 million of revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2020. At March 31, 2020, the related balance was $5.116 billion.

At December 31, 2019, $781 million of deferred loyalty rewards was reported within deferred merchant bookings, $158 million of which was recognized within revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2020. At March 31, 2020, the related balance was $789 million.

Deferred Revenue. At December 31, 2019, $321 million was recorded as deferred revenue, $109 million of which was recognized as revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2020. At March 31, 2020, the related balance was $221 million.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions. We have used the portfolio approach to account for our loyalty points as the rewards programs share similar characteristics within each program in relation to the value provided to the traveler and their breakage patterns. Using this portfolio approach is not expected to differ materially from applying the guidance to individual contracts. However, we will continue to assess and refine, if necessary, how a portfolio within each rewards program is defined.

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed.

Cash, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Our cash and cash equivalents include cash and liquid financial instruments, including money market funds and term deposit investments, with maturities of three months or less when purchased. Restricted cash includes cash and cash equivalents that is restricted through legal contracts, regulations or our intention to use the cash for a specific purpose. Our restricted cash primarily relates to certain traveler deposits and to a lesser extent collateral for office leases. The following table reconciles cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in our consolidated balance sheets to the total amount presented in our consolidated statements of cash flows:



	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
	(in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,905	$	3,315
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	813		779
Restricted cash included within long-term investments and other assets	3		3
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated statement of cash flow	$	4,721	$	4,097

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

Accounts receivable are generally due within thirty days and are recorded net of an allowance for expected uncollectible amounts. We consider accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms as past due. The risk characteristics we generally review when analyzing our accounts receivable pools primarily include the type of receivable (for example, credit card vs hotel collect), collection terms and historical or expected credit loss patterns. For each pool, we make estimates of expected credit losses for our allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, previous loss history continually updated for new collections data, the credit quality of our customers, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers. The provision for estimated credit losses is recorded as cost of revenue in our consolidated statements of operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recorded approximately $59 million of incremental allowance for expected uncollectible amounts, including estimated future losses in consideration of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the economy and the Company, partially offset by $5 million of other adjustments. Actual future bad debt could differ materially from this estimate resulting from changes in our assumptions of the duration and severity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2020 are classified using the fair value hierarchy in the table below:



	Total		Level 1		Level 2
	(In millions)
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	322	$	322	$	—
Term deposits	863		—		863
Derivatives:
Foreign currency forward contracts	79		—		79
Investments:
Term deposits	184		—		184
Marketable equity securities	54		54		—
U.S. treasury securities	10		10
Total assets	$	1,512	$	386	$	1,126

Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 are classified using the fair value hierarchy in the table below:



	Total		Level 1		Level 2
	(In millions)
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	36	$	36	$	—
Term deposits	865		—		865
U.S. treasury securities	10		10		—
Investments:
Term deposits	526		—		526
Marketable equity securities	129		129		—
Total assets	$	1,566	$	175	$	1,391

Liabilities
Derivatives:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	8	$	—	$	8

We classify our cash equivalents and investments within Level 1 and Level 2 as we value our cash equivalents and investments using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. Valuation of the foreign currency forward contracts is based on foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, a Level 2 input.

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, our cash and cash equivalents consisted primarily of term deposits with maturities of three months or less and bank account balances.

We hold term deposit investments with financial institutions. Term deposits with original maturities of less than three months are classified as cash equivalents and those with remaining maturities of less than one year are classified within short-term investments.

Our marketable equity securities consist of our investment in Despegar, a publicly traded company, which is included in long-term investments and other assets in our consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, we recognized a gain (loss) of approximately $(75) million and $24 million within other, net in our consolidated statements of operations related to the fair value changes of this equity investment.

Derivative instruments are carried at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets. We use foreign currency forward contracts to economically hedge certain merchant revenue exposures, foreign denominated liabilities related to certain of our

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

loyalty programs and our other foreign currency-denominated operating liabilities. Our goal in managing our foreign exchange risk is to reduce, to the extent practicable, our potential exposure to the changes that exchange rates might have on our earnings, cash flows and financial position. Our foreign currency forward contracts are typically short-term and, as they do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, we classify the changes in their fair value in other, net. As of March 31, 2020, we were party to outstanding forward contracts hedging our liability and revenue exposures with a total net notional value of $3.7 billion. We had a net forward asset of $79 million ($131 million gross forward asset) as of March 31, 2020 recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets and a net forward liability of $8 million ($30 million gross forward liability) as of December 31, 2019 recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. We recorded $106 million and $(6) million in net gains (losses) from foreign currency forward contracts during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

Our non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets and property and equipment, as well as equity method investments, are adjusted to fair value when an impairment charge is recognized or the underlying investment is sold. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs. We measure our minority investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost less impairment, adjusted by observable price changes with changes recorded within other, net on our consolidated statements of operations.

Goodwill. During the first quarter of 2020, we recognized goodwill impairment charges of $765 million, of which $539 million related to our Retail segment, primarily our Vrbo reporting unit, and $226 million related to our trivago segment. These impairment charges resulted from the significant negative impact related to COVID-19, which has had a severe effect on the entire global travel industry. As a result, we concluded that sufficient indicators existed to require us to perform an interim quantitative assessment of goodwill as of March 31, 2020 in which we compared the fair value of the reporting units to their carrying value. The fair value estimates for all reporting units except trivago were based on a blended analysis of the present value of future discounted cash flows and market value approach, Level 3 inputs. The significant estimates used in the discounted cash flows model included our weighted average cost of capital, projected cash flows and the long-term rate of growth. Our assumptions were based on the actual historical performance of the reporting unit and took into account the recent severe and continued weakening of operating results as well as the anticipated rate of recovery, and implied risk premiums based on market prices of our equity and debt as of the assessment dates. Our significant estimates in the market approach model included identifying similar companies with comparable business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and assessing comparable revenue and earnings multiples in estimating the fair value of the reporting unit. The fair value estimate for the trivago reporting unit was based on trivago’s stock price, a Level 1 input, adjusted for an estimated control premium. The excess of the reporting unit's carrying value over our estimate of the fair value was recorded as the goodwill impairment charge in the first quarter of 2020. As of March 31, 2020, the applicable reporting units within our Retail segment had $2.3 billion goodwill remaining and our trivago segment had $316 million goodwill remaining.

Intangible Assets. During the first quarter of 2020, also as a result of the significant negative impact related to COVID-19, which has had a severe effect on the entire global travel industry, we recognized intangible asset impairment charges of $121 million. The impairment charges were primarily related to indefinite-lived trade names within our Retail segment and resulted from changes in estimated future revenues of the related brands. The assets, classified as Level 3 measurements, were written down to $237 million based on valuation using the relief-from-royalty method, which includes unobservable inputs, including royalty rates and projected revenues.

We may continue to record impairment charges in the future due to the long-term economic impact and near-term financial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Minority Investments without Readily Determinable Fair Values. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying values of our minority investments without readily determinable fair values totaled $352 million and $467 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recorded $113 million of impairment losses related to a minority investment, which had a recent observable and orderly transaction for similar investments, using an option pricing model that utilizes judgmental inputs such as discounts for lack of marketability and estimated exit event timing. As of March 31, 2020, total cumulative adjustments made to the initial cost bases of these investments included $82 million in unrealized downward adjustments (including impairments). During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we had no material gains or losses recognized related to these minority investments.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Note 4 – Debt

The following table sets forth our outstanding debt:



	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
	(In millions)
5.95% senior notes due 2020	$	750		$	749
2.5% (€650 million) senior notes due 2022	715			725
4.5% senior notes due 2024	497			497
5.0% senior notes due 2026	744			743
3.8% senior notes due 2028	992			992
3.25% senior notes due 2030	1,232			1,232
Long-term debt⁽¹⁾	4,930			4,938
Current maturities of long-term debt	(750		)	(749		)
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities	$	4,180		$	4,189

Revolving credit facility	$	1,900		$	—

_______________


(1)	Net of applicable discounts and debt issuance costs.

Outstanding Debt

Our $750 million in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at March 31, 2020 are due in August 2020 and bear interest at 5.95% (the “5.95% Notes”). The 5.95% Notes were issued at 99.893% of par resulting in a discount, which is being amortized over their life. Interest is payable semi-annually in February and August of each year. We may redeem the 5.95% Notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole” premium, in whole or in part.

Our Euro 650 million in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at March 31, 2020 are due in June 2022 and bear interest at 2.5% (the “2.5% Notes”). The 2.5% Notes were issued at 99.525% of par resulting in a discount, which is being amortized over their life. Interest is payable annually in arrears in June of each year. We may redeem the 2.5% Notes at our option, at whole or in part, at any time or from time to time. If we elect to redeem the 2.5% Notes prior to March 3, 2022, we may redeem them at a specified “make-whole” premium. If we elect to redeem the 2.5% Notes on or after March 3, 2022, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued and unpaid interest. Subject to certain limited exceptions, all payments of interest and principal for the 2.5% Notes will be made in Euros.

The aggregate principal value of the 2.5% Notes is designated as a hedge of our net investment in certain Euro functional currency subsidiaries. The notes are measured at Euro to U.S. Dollar exchange rates at each balance sheet date and transaction gains or losses due to changes in rates are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”). The Euro-denominated net assets of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. Dollars at each balance sheet date, with effects of foreign currency changes also reported in AOCI. Since the notional amount of the recorded Euro-denominated debt is less than the notional amount of our net investment, we do not expect to incur any ineffectiveness on this hedge.

Our $500 million in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at March 31, 2020 are due in August 2024 and bear interest at 4.5% (the “4.5% Notes”). The 4.5% Notes were issued at 99.444% of par resulting in a discount, which is being amortized over their life. Interest is payable semi-annually in February and August of each year. We may redeem the 4.5% Notes at our option at any time in whole or from time to time in part. If we elect to redeem the 4.5% Notes prior to May 15, 2024, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole” premium. If we elect to redeem the 4.5% Notes on or after May 15, 2024, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest.

Our $750 million in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at March 31, 2020 are due in February 2026 and bear interest at 5.0% (the “5.0% Notes”). The 5.0% Notes were issued at 99.535% of par resulting in a discount, which is being amortized over their life. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears in February and August of each year. We may redeem the 5.0% Notes at our option at any time in whole or from time to time in part. If we elect to redeem the 5.0% Notes prior to November 12, 2025, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole” premium. If we elect to redeem the 5.0% Notes on or after November 12, 2025, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Our $1 billion in registered senior unsecured notes outstanding at March 31, 2020 are due in February 2028 and bear interest at 3.8% (the “3.8% Notes”). The 3.8% Notes were issued at 99.747% of par resulting in a discount, which is being amortized over their life. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears in February and August of each year. We may redeem the 3.8% Notes at our option at any time in whole or from time to time in part. If we elect to redeem the 3.8% Notes prior to November 15, 2027, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole” premium. If we elect to redeem the 3.8% Notes on or after November 15, 2027, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest.

In September 2019, we privately placed $1.25 billion of senior unsecured notes that are due in February 2030 and bear interest at 3.25%. In February 2020, we completed an offer to exchange these notes for registered notes having substantially the same financial terms and covenants as the original notes (the unregistered and registered notes collectively, the “3.25% Notes”). The 3.25% Notes were issued at 99.225% of par resulting in a discount, which is being amortized over their life. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears in February and August of each year. We may redeem the 3.25% Notes at our option at any time in whole or from time to time in part. If we elect to redeem the 3.25% Notes prior to November 15, 2029, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest, plus a “make-whole” premium. If we elect to redeem the 3.25% Notes on or after November 15, 2029, we may redeem them at a redemption price of 100% of the principal plus accrued interest.

In May 2020, we privately placed an additional $2.75 billion in unsecured senior notes. See Note 11 – Subsequent Events for additional information.

The 5.95%, 2.5%, 4.5%, 5.0%, 3.8% and 3.25% Notes (collectively the “Notes”) are senior unsecured obligations issued by Expedia Group and guaranteed by certain domestic Expedia Group subsidiaries. The Notes rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Expedia Group and the guarantor subsidiaries. In addition, the Notes include covenants that limit our ability to (i) create certain liens, (ii) enter into sale/leaseback transactions and (iii) merge or consolidate with or into another entity or transfer substantially all of our assets. Accrued interest related to the Notes was $38 million and $76 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of the holders thereof, upon the occurrence of certain change of control triggering events at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the principal plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The following table sets forth the approximate fair value of our outstanding debt, which is based on quoted market prices in less active markets (Level 2 inputs):



	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
	(In millions)
5.95% senior notes due 2020	$	747	$	767
2.5% (€650 million) senior notes due 2022 ⁽¹⁾	691		764
4.5% senior notes due 2024	457		536
5.0% senior notes due 2026	691		825
3.8% senior notes due 2028	875		1,021
3.25% senior notes due 2030	1,150		1,206

_______________


(1)	Approximately 625 million Euro as of March 31, 2020 and 682 million Euro as of December 31, 2019.

Credit Facility

As of March 31, 2020, Expedia Group maintained a $2 billion unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of lenders, which was unconditionally guaranteed by certain domestic Expedia Group subsidiaries that were the same as under the Notes and expired in May 2023. On March 18, 2020, we borrowed $1.9 billion under the revolving credit facility, which remained outstanding as of March 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2019, we had no revolving credit facility borrowings outstanding. The facility bore interest based on the Company’s credit ratings, with drawn amounts bearing interest at LIBOR plus 112.5 basis points and the commitment fee on undrawn amounts at 15 basis points as of March 31, 2020. The interest rate on the outstanding balance was 2.01% as of March 31, 2020. The facility contained covenants including maximum leverage and minimum interest coverage ratios. In May 2020, we amended this facility. See Note 11 – Subsequent Events for additional information.

The amount of stand-by letters of credit (“LOC”) issued under the facility reduced the credit amount available. As of both March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there was $16 million of outstanding stand-by LOCs issued under the facility.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

In addition, one of our international subsidiaries maintains a Euro 50 million uncommitted credit facility, which is guaranteed by Expedia Group, that may be terminated at any time by the lender. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were no borrowings outstanding.

Note 5 – Stockholders’ Equity

Dividends on our Common Stock

The Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, declared the following dividends during the periods presented:



Declaration Date	Dividend Per Share		Record Date	Total Amount (in millions)		Payment Date
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
February 13, 2020	$	0.34	March 10, 2020	$	48	March 26, 2020
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
February 6, 2019	0.32		March 7, 2019	47		March 27, 2019

Treasury Stock

As of March 31, 2020, the Company’s treasury stock was comprised of approximately 123.3 million common stock and 7.3 million Class B shares. As of December 31, 2019, the Company’s treasury stock was comprised of approximately 119.6 million shares of common stock and 7.3 million Class B shares.

Share Repurchases. In April 2018, the Executive Committee, acting on behalf of the Board of Directors, authorized a repurchase of up to 15 million outstanding shares of our common stock. In December 2019, the Board of Directors authorized a repurchase of up to 20 million outstanding shares of our common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we repurchased, through open market transactions, 3.4 million shares under these authorizations for the total cost of $370 million, excluding transaction costs, representing an average repurchase price of $109.88 per share. As of March 31, 2020, there were approximately 23.3 million shares remaining under the 2018 and 2019 repurchase authorizations. There is no fixed termination date for the repurchases.

Stock-based Awards

Stock-based compensation expense relates primarily to expense for restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and stock options. As of March 31, 2020, we had stock-based awards outstanding representing approximately 18 million shares of our common stock, consisting of approximately 6 million RSUs and options to purchase approximately 12 million shares of our common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $104.82 and weighted average remaining life of 3.2 years.

Annual employee stock-based award grants typically occur during the first quarter of each year and generally vest over four years. During 2019, we started issuing RSUs as our primary form of stock-based compensation, which vest 25% after one year and will then vest quarterly over the following three years. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we granted approximately 3 million RSUs.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The balance of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments. These translation adjustments include foreign currency transaction losses at March 31, 2020 of $7 million ($9 million before tax) and $15 million ($19 million before tax) at December 31, 2019 associated with our 2.5% Notes. The 2.5% Notes are Euro-denominated debt designated as hedges of certain of our Euro-denominated net assets. See Note 4 – Debt for more information.

Note 6 – Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated using our weighted-average outstanding common shares. The earnings per share amounts are the same for common stock and Class B common stock because the holders of each class are legally entitled to equal per share distributions whether through dividends or in liquidation.

Diluted earnings per share is calculated using our weighted-average outstanding common shares including the dilutive effect of stock awards as determined under the treasury stock method. In periods when we recognize a net loss, we exclude the impact of outstanding stock awards from the diluted loss per share calculation as their inclusion would have an antidilutive

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

effect. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, approximately 18 million and 21 million of outstanding stock awards have been excluded from the calculations of diluted earnings per share attributable to common stockholders because their effect would have been antidilutive.

Note 7 – Restructuring and Related Reorganization Charges

In late February 2020, we committed to restructuring actions intended to simplify our businesses and improve operational efficiencies, which have resulted in headcount reductions. As a result, we recognized $75 million in restructuring and related reorganization charges during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Based on current plans, which are subject to change, we expect total reorganization charges in the remainder of 2020 in the range of $60 million to $115 million. These costs could be higher or lower should we make additional decisions in future periods that impact our reorganization efforts.

We also engaged in certain smaller scale restructure actions in 2019 to centralize and migrate certain operational functions and systems, for which we recognized $10 million in restructuring and related reorganization charges during the three months ended March 31, 2019, which were primarily related to severance and benefits.

The following table summarizes the restructuring and related reorganization activity for the three months ended March 31, 2020:



	Employee Severance and Benefits			Other			Total
	(In millions)
Accrued liability as of January 1, 2020	$	11		$	6		$	17
Charges	69			6			75
Payments	(17		)	(5		)	(22		)
Accrued liability as of March 31, 2020	$	63		$	7		$	70

Note 8 – Income Taxes

Ordinarily, our interim provision for income taxes is determined using an estimate of our annual effective tax rate (“estimated annual effective tax rate method”), and we record any changes affecting the estimated annual effective tax rate in the interim period in which the change occurs, including discrete tax items. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and difficulty forecasting the fiscal year 2020 mix of income by jurisdiction, we determined the estimated annual effective rate method would not provide a reliable estimate of the Company’s overall annual effective tax rate. As such, we have calculated the tax provision using the actual effective rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the effective tax rate was a 5.6% benefit on a pre-tax loss, compared to a 29.2% benefit on a pre-tax loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The change in the effective tax rate was primarily driven by the mix of income across jurisdictions, nondeductible impairment charges and a valuation allowance principally related to unrealized capital losses in the first quarter of 2020.

We are subject to taxation in the United States and various other state and foreign jurisdictions. We are under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for our 2011 to 2013 tax years. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the IRS issued final adjustments related to transfer pricing with our foreign subsidiaries for our 2011 to 2013 audit cycle. The proposed adjustments would increase our U.S. taxable income by $696 million, which would result in federal tax of approximately $244 million subject to interest. We do not agree with the position of the IRS and are formally protesting the IRS position. Subsequent years remain open to examination by the IRS. We do not anticipate a significant impact to our gross unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months related to these years.

On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act, which, along with earlier issued IRS guidance, provides for deferral of certain taxes. The CARES Act, among other things, also contains numerous other provisions which may benefit the Company. We continue to assess the effect of the CARES Act and ongoing government guidance related to COVID-19 that may be issued.

Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary course of business, we are a party to various lawsuits. Management does not expect these lawsuits to have a material impact on the liquidity, results of operations, or financial condition of Expedia Group. We also evaluate other potential contingent matters, including value-added tax, excise tax, sales tax, transient occupancy or accommodation tax and

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

similar matters. We do not believe that the aggregate amount of liability that could be reasonably possible with respect to these matters would have a material adverse effect on our financial results; however, litigation is inherently uncertain and the actual losses incurred in the event that our legal proceedings were to result in unfavorable outcomes could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial performance.

Litigation Relating to Occupancy Taxes. One hundred one lawsuits have been filed by or against cities, counties and states involving hotel occupancy and other taxes. Eight lawsuits are currently active. These lawsuits are in various stages and we continue to defend against the claims made in them vigorously. With respect to the principal claims in these matters, we believe that the statutes or ordinances at issue do not apply to us or the services we provide and, therefore, that we do not owe the taxes that are claimed to be owed. We believe that the statutes or ordinances at issue generally impose occupancy and other taxes on entities that own, operate or control hotels (or similar businesses) or furnish or provide hotel rooms or similar accommodations. To date, forty-seven of these lawsuits have been dismissed. Some of these dismissals have been without prejudice and, generally, allow the governmental entity or entities to seek administrative remedies prior to pursuing further litigation. Thirty-three dismissals were based on a finding that we and the other defendants were not subject to the local tax ordinance or that the local government lacked standing to pursue its claims. As a result of this litigation and other attempts by certain jurisdictions to levy such taxes, we have established a reserve for the potential settlement of issues related to hotel occupancy and other taxes, consistent with applicable accounting principles and in light of all current facts and circumstances, in the amount of $52 million and $48 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Our settlement reserve is based on our best estimate of probable losses and the ultimate resolution of these contingencies may be greater or less than the liabilities recorded. An estimate for a reasonably possible loss or range of loss in excess of the amount reserved cannot be made. Changes to the settlement reserve are included within legal reserves, occupancy tax and other in the consolidated statements of operations.

Pay-to-Play. Certain jurisdictions may assert that we are required to pay any assessed taxes prior to being allowed to contest or litigate the applicability of the ordinances. This prepayment of contested taxes is referred to as “pay-to-play.” Payment of these amounts is not an admission that we believe we are subject to such taxes and, even when such payments are made, we continue to defend our position vigorously. If we prevail in the litigation, for which a pay-to-play payment was made, the jurisdiction collecting the payment will be required to repay such amounts and also may be required to pay interest.

We are in various stages of inquiry or audit with domestic and foreign tax authorities, some of which, including in the City of Los Angeles regarding hotel occupancy taxes and in the United Kingdom regarding the application of value added tax (“VAT”) to our European Union related transactions as discussed below, may impose a pay-to-play requirement to challenge an adverse inquiry or audit result in court.

Matters Relating to International VAT. We are in various stages of inquiry or audit in multiple European Union jurisdictions, including in the United Kingdom, regarding the application of VAT to our European Union related transactions. While we believe we comply with applicable VAT laws, rules and regulations in the relevant jurisdictions, the tax authorities may determine that we owe additional taxes. In certain jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, we may be required to “pay-to-play” any VAT assessment prior to contesting its validity. While we believe that we will be successful based on the merits of our positions with regard to the United Kingdom and other VAT audits in pay-to-play jurisdictions, it is nevertheless reasonably possible that we could be required to pay any assessed amounts in order to contest or litigate the applicability of any assessments and an estimate for a reasonably possible amount of any such payments cannot be made.

Competition and Consumer Matters. On August 23, 2018, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, or "ACCC", instituted proceedings in the Australian Federal Court against trivago. The ACCC alleged breaches of Australian Consumer Law, or "ACL," relating to trivago’s advertisements in Australia concerning the hotel prices available on trivago’s Australian site, trivago’s strike-through pricing practice and other aspects of the way offers for accommodation were displayed on trivago's Australian website. The matter went to trial in September 2019 and, on January 20, 2020, the Australian Federal Court issued a judgment finding trivago had engaged in conduct in breach of the ACL. On March 4, 2020, trivago filed a notice of appeal of part of that judgment at the Australian Federal Court. The appeal is scheduled to be heard on July 20-21, 2020. The court has yet to set a date for a separate trial regarding penalties and other orders.We recorded the estimated probable loss associated with the proceedings in a previous period. An estimate for the reasonable possible loss or range of loss in excess of the amount reserved cannot be made.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Note 10 – Segment Information

Beginning in the first quarter of 2020, we have the following reportable segments: Retail, B2B, and trivago. The change from our previous reportable segments, Core OTA, trivago, Vrbo and Egencia, reflect Expedia Group’s efforts to simplify our organization into a platform operating model by aligning our retail brand operations, combining our business focused brands and centralizing our platform and supply organizations to support all of our businesses. Our Retail segment, which consists of the aggregation of operating segments, provides a full range of travel and advertising services to our worldwide customers through a variety of consumer brands including: Expedia.com and Hotels.com in the United States and localized Expedia and Hotels.com websites throughout the world, Vrbo, Orbitz, Travelocity, Wotif Group, ebookers, CheapTickets, Hotwire.com, CarRentals.com, CruiseShipCenters, Classic Vacations and SilverRail Technologies, Inc. Our B2B segment is comprised of our Expedia Business Services organization including Expedia Partner Solutions, which operates private label and co-branded programs to make travel services available to leisure travelers through third-party company branded websites, and Egencia, a full-service travel management company that provides travel services to businesses and their corporate customers. Our trivago segment generates advertising revenue primarily from sending referrals to online travel companies and travel service providers from its hotel metasearch websites. There were no changes to our reporting units for goodwill testing as a result of these current year segment changes.

We determined our operating segments based on how our chief operating decision makers manage our business, make operating decisions and evaluate operating performance. Our primary operating metric is Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA for our Retail and B2B segments includes allocations of certain expenses, primarily related to our global travel supply organization and the majority of costs from our product and technology platform, as well as facility costs and the realized foreign currency gains or losses related to the forward contracts hedging a component of our net merchant lodging revenue. We base the allocations primarily on transaction volumes and other usage metrics. We do not allocate certain shared expenses such as accounting, human resources, certain information technology and legal to our reportable segments. We include these expenses in Corporate and Eliminations. Our allocation methodology is periodically evaluated and may change.

Our segment disclosure includes intersegment revenues, which primarily consist of advertising and media services provided by our trivago segment to our Retail segment. These intersegment transactions are recorded by each segment at amounts that approximate fair value as if the transactions were between third parties, and therefore, impact segment performance. However, the revenue and corresponding expense are eliminated in consolidation. The elimination of such intersegment transactions is included within Corporate and Eliminations in the table below.

Corporate and Eliminations also includes unallocated corporate functions and expenses as well as Bodybuilding.com subsequent to our acquisition on July 26, 2019. In addition, we record amortization of intangible assets and any related impairment, as well as stock-based compensation expense, restructuring and related reorganization charges, legal reserves, occupancy tax and other, and other items excluded from segment operating performance in Corporate and Eliminations. Such amounts are detailed in our segment reconciliation below.

The following tables present our segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. As a significant portion of our property and equipment is not allocated to our operating segments and depreciation is not included in our segment measure, we do not report the assets by segment as it would not be meaningful. We do not regularly provide such information to our chief operating decision makers.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)



	Three months ended March 31, 2020
	Retail			B2B			trivago			Corporate & Eliminations			Total
	(In millions)
Third-party revenue	$	1,582		$	485		$	103		$	39		$	2,209
Intersegment revenue	—			—			51			(51		)	—
Revenue	$	1,582		$	485		$	154		$	(12	)	$	2,209
Adjusted EBITDA	$	22		$	26		$	(1	)	$	(123	)	$	(76	)
Depreciation	(128		)	(32		)	(3		)	(22		)	(185		)
Amortization of intangible assets	—			—			—			(44		)	(44		)
Impairment of goodwill	—			—			—			(765		)	(765		)
Impairment of intangible assets	—			—			—			(121		)	(121		)
Stock-based compensation	—			—			—			(55		)	(55		)
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and other	—			—			—			21			21
Restructuring and related reorganization charges	—			—			—			(75		)	(75		)
Realized (gain) loss on revenue hedges	9			(3		)	—			—			6
Operating loss	$	(97	)	$	(9	)	$	(4	)	$	(1,184	)	(1,294		)
Other expense, net													(185		)
Loss before income taxes													(1,479		)
Provision for income taxes													82
Net loss													(1,397		)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests													96
Net loss attributable to Expedia Group, Inc.													$	(1,301	)

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)



	Three months ended March 31, 2019
	Retail			B2B			trivago			Corporate & Eliminations			Total
	(In millions)
Third-party revenue	$	1,901		$	556		$	152					$	2,609
Intersegment revenue				—			85			(85		)	—
Revenue	$	1,901		$	556		$	237		$	(85	)	$	2,609
Adjusted EBITDA	$	195		$	72		$	24		$	(115	)	$	176
Depreciation	(128		)	(27		)	(3		)	(18		)	(176		)
Amortization of intangible assets	—			—			—			(52		)	(52		)
Stock-based compensation	—			—			—			(56		)	(56		)
Legal reserves, occupancy tax and other	—			—			—			(10		)	(10		)
Restructuring and related reorganization charges	—			—			—			(10		)	(10		)
Realized (gain) loss on revenue hedges	(2		)	(1		)	—			—			(3		)
Operating income (loss)	$	65		$	44		$	21		$	(261	)	(131		)
Other expense, net													(10		)
Loss before income taxes													(141		)
Provision for income taxes													41
Net loss													(100		)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests													(3		)
Net loss attributable to Expedia Group, Inc.													$	(103	)

Revenue by Business Model and Service Type

The following table presents revenue by business model and service type:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019
	(in millions)
Business Model:
Merchant	$	1,340	$	1,435
Agency	562		842
Advertising, media and other	307		332
Total revenue	$	2,209	$	2,609
Service Type:
Lodging	$	1,518	$	1,687
Air	109		248
Advertising and media	203		265
Other⁽¹⁾	379		409
Total revenue	$	2,209	$	2,609


(1)	Other includes car rental, insurance, destination services, cruise and fee revenue related to our corporate travel business, among other revenue streams, none of which are individually material. Other also includes product revenue of $39 million during the three ended March 31, 2020 related to our acquisition of Bodybuilding.com.

Our Retail and B2B segments generate revenue from the merchant, agency and advertising, media and other business models as well as all service types. trivago segment revenue is generated through advertising and media.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

Note 11 – Subsequent Events

As a part of Expedia Group’s overall efforts aimed at strengthening our liquidity position in the current environment, we entered into the following transactions subsequent to the end of the first quarter of 2020:

Issuance of Notes

On May 5, 2020, we privately placed $2 billion of unsecured 6.250% senior notes that are due in May 2025 (the “6.25% Notes”) and $750 million of unsecured 7.000% senior notes due May 2025 (the “7.0% Notes”, and, together with the 6.25% Notes, the “6.25% and 7.0% Notes”). The 6.25% and 7.0% Notes were issued at a price of 100% of the aggregate principal amount. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears in May and November of each year, beginning November 1, 2020. We expect to use the net proceeds of this offering for general corporate purposes, which may include, but are not limited to, the repayment or redemption of our 5.95% senior notes due 2020.

We may redeem some or all of the 6.25% Notes at any time prior to February 1, 2025 by paying a “make-whole” premium plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. We may redeem some or all of the 6.250% Notes on or after February 1, 2025 at par plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.

We may redeem some or all of the 7.0% Notes at any time prior to May 1, 2022 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 7.0% Notes to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. We may redeem some or all of the 7.0% Notes on or after May 1, 2022 at specified redemption prices set forth in the 7.0% Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. In addition, at any time or from time to time prior to May 1, 2022, we may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 7.0% Notes with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings at the specified redemption price described in the 7.0% Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.

The 6.25% and 7.0% Notes are senior unsecured obligations issued by Expedia Group and guaranteed by certain domestic Expedia Group subsidiaries. The 6.25% and 7.0% Notes rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Expedia Group and the guarantor subsidiaries. The 6.25% and 7.0% Notes include covenants that limit our ability to (i) create certain liens, (ii) enter into sale/leaseback transactions and (iii) merge or consolidate with or into another entity or transfer substantially all of our assets. The 6.25% and 7.0% Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of the holders thereof, upon the occurrence of certain change of control triggering events at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the principal plus accrued and unpaid interest.

Credit Facility Amendment

On May 4, 2020, the Company, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries party thereto and the lenders party thereto (the “Consenting Lenders”) executed a restatement agreement, which amends and restates the Company’s existing revolving credit facility (as amended and restated, the “Amended Credit Facility”) to, among other things, suspend the maximum leverage ratio covenant until December 31, 2021, increase the maximum permissible leverage ratio (once such covenant is reinstated) until March 31, 2023 (at which time the maximum permissible leverage ratio will return to the level in effect immediately prior to effectiveness of the Amended Credit Facility), eliminate the covenant imposing a minimum permissible ratio of consolidated EBITDA to consolidated cash interest expense and add a covenant regarding minimum liquidity, as well as to make certain other amendments to the affirmative and negative covenants therein. The Amended Credit Facility became effective on May 5, 2020 (the “Amended Credit Facility Effective Date”), substantially concurrently with the completion of the Notes Offering and the completion of the transactions contemplated by the Investment Agreements (as defined below).

Obligations under the Amended Credit Facility are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries that guarantee the Amended Credit Facility (subject to certain exceptions, including for our new headquarters located in Seattle, WA) up to the maximum amount permitted under the indentures governing the Notes and the Company’s existing 5.95% Senior Notes due 2020, 2.500% Senior Notes due 2022, 4.500% Senior Notes due 2024, 5.000% Senior Notes due 2026, 3.800% Senior Notes due 2028 and 3.25% Senior Notes due 2030 (collectively, the “Existing Notes”) as of the Amended Credit Facility Effective Date without securing such notes. Aggregate commitments under the Amended Credit Facility will initially total $2 billion, and will mature on May 31, 2023.

Pursuant to the terms of the Amended Credit Facility, the Company has agreed to use reasonable best efforts to enter into (and to cause certain of its subsidiaries, including certain of its subsidiaries that are not guarantors of the 6.25% and 7.0% Notes or the Existing Notes, to enter into), promptly after the Amended Credit Facility Effective Date, a new credit facility incurred by one or more of the Company’s subsidiaries that are not obligors with respect to the Amended Credit Facility, the 6.25% and 7.0% Notes or the Existing Notes and which will be guaranteed by the Company, its subsidiaries that guarantee the Amended Credit Facility, the 6.25% and 7.0% Notes and the Existing Notes and certain of the Company’s non-guarantor subsidiaries (the “Additional Credit Facility”), on specified terms in an aggregate principal amount up to approximately $855 million. Upon the establishment of the Additional Credit Facility, the Company will prepay indebtedness, and reduce

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

commitments, under the Amended Credit Facility, in an amount equal to the aggregate commitments in respect of the Additional Credit Facility.

Loans under the Amended Credit Facility held by Consenting Lenders will bear interest (A) in the case of eurocurrency loans, at rates ranging from (i) prior to December 31, 2021, 2.35% per annum for any day that the aggregate unused commitments and funded exposure under the Amended Credit Facility exceed $1.145 billion to 2.25% per annum otherwise and (ii) on and after December 31, 2021, or prior to such date for each quarter that the leverage ratio, as of the end of the most recently ended fiscal quarter for which financial statements have been delivered, calculated on an annualized basis using consolidated EBITDA for the two most recently ended fiscal quarters included in such financial statements multiplied by two, is not greater than 5.00:1.00, 1.10% to 1.85% per annum for any day that the aggregate unused commitments and funded exposure under the Amended Credit Facility exceed $1.145 billion and, otherwise, ranging from 1.00% to 1.75% per annum, in each case, depending on the Company’s credit ratings, and (B) in the case of base rate loans, at rates ranging from (i) prior to December 31, 2021, 1.35% per annum for any day that the aggregate unused commitments and funded exposure under the Amended Credit Facility exceed $1.145 billion to 1.25% per annum otherwise and (ii) on and after December 31, 2021, or prior to such date if the leverage ratio condition referred to above is satisfied, 0.10% to 0.85% per annum for any day that the aggregate unused commitments and funded exposure under the Amended Credit Facility exceed $1.145 billion, and, otherwise, ranging from 0.00% to 0.75% per annum, in each case, depending on the Company’s credit ratings.

Under certain circumstances, loans under the Amended Credit Facility held by Consenting Lenders that do not participate in the Additional Credit Facility, if established, will bear interest at rates ranging from 1.00% to 1.75% per annum, in the case of eurocurrency loans, and ranging from 0.00% to 0.75% per annum, in the case of base rate loans, in each case, depending on the Company’s credit ratings.

Investment Agreements

On May 5, 2020, we completed the sale of Series A Preferred Stock (as defined below) and warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase our common stock (“Common Stock”) to AP Fort Holdings, L.P., an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, Inc. (the “Apollo Purchaser”) and SLP Fort Aggregator II, L.P. and SLP V Fort Holdings II, L.P., affiliates of Silver Lake Group, L.L.C. (the “Silver Lake Purchasers”) pursuant to the Company’s previously announced Investment Agreements, dated as of April 23, 2020, with the Apollo Purchaser and the Silver Lake Purchasers (together, the “Investment Agreements”).

We have agreed to issue and sell (1) to the Apollo Purchaser, pursuant to the Apollo Investment Agreement, 600,000 shares of the Company’s newly created Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) and warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase 4.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”), for an aggregate purchase price of $588 million and (2) to the Silver Lake Purchaser, pursuant to the Silver Lake Investment Agreement, 600,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Warrants to purchase 4.2 million shares of Common Stock, for an aggregate purchase price of $588 million. At closing, we paid certain fees in an aggregate amount of $12 million to affiliates of the Apollo Purchaser and the Silver Lake Purchaser. On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Investment Agreements, from and after the closing, (1) each of the Apollo Purchaser and the Silver Lake Purchaser designated one representative who was appointed to the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) and (2) the Apollo Purchaser appointed one non-voting observer to the Board, in each case until such time as the applicable Purchaser and its Permitted Transferees (as defined in the Investment Agreements) no longer beneficially own (a) at least 50% of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock purchased by the applicable Purchaser under the Investment Agreement (unless the applicable Purchaser holds less than 50% of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock as a result of redemptions by the Company, in which case the reference to 50% shall be replaced with a reference to 20%) and (b) Warrants and/or Common Stock for which the Warrants were exercised that represent in the aggregate and on an as exercised basis, at least 50% of the shares underlying the Warrants purchased by the applicable Purchaser under the Investment Agreement.

The Investment Agreements (including the forms of Certificate of Designations, Warrants and Registration Rights Agreement) contain other customary covenants and agreements, including certain standstill provisions and customary preemptive rights.

Certificate of Designations for Series A Preferred Stock. Dividends on each share of Series A Preferred Stock accrue daily on the Preference Amount (as defined below) at the then-applicable Dividend Rate (as defined below) and are payable semi-annually in arrears. As used herein, “Dividend Rate” with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock means (a) from the closing until the day immediately preceding the fifth anniversary of the closing, 9.5% per annum, (b) beginning on each of the fifth, sixth and seventh anniversaries of the closing, the then-applicable Dividend Rate shall be increased by 100 basis points on each such yearly anniversary, and (c) beginning on each of the eighth and ninth anniversaries of the closing date, the then-applicable Dividend Rate shall be increased by 150 basis points on each such yearly anniversary. The Dividend Rate is also subject to certain adjustments if the Company incurs indebtedness causing its leverage to exceed certain thresholds. Dividends are payable (a) until the third anniversary of the closing, either in cash or through an accrual of unpaid dividends (“Dividend Accrual”), at the Company’s option, (b) from the third anniversary of the closing until the sixth anniversary of the closing,

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – (Continued)

either in cash or in a combination of cash and Dividend Accrual (with no more than 50% of the total amount of such Dividend being paid through a Dividend Accrual), at the Company’s option and (c) thereafter, in cash.

The Series A Preferred Stock rank senior to the Common Stock and the Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the “Class B Common Stock”) with respect to dividend rights, redemption rights and rights on the distribution of assets on any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Company.

At any time on or before the first anniversary of the closing, we may redeem all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Stock in cash at a price equal to 105.0% of the sum of the original liquidation preference of $1,000 per share of Series A Preferred Stock plus any Dividend Accruals (the “Preference Amount”), plus accrued and unpaid distributions as of the redemption date. Any time after the first anniversary of the closing but on or prior to the second anniversary of the closing, we may redeem all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Stock in cash at a price equal to 103.0% of the Preference Amount, plus accrued and unpaid distributions as of the redemption date. Any time after the second anniversary of the closing but on or prior to the third anniversary of the closing, we may redeem all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Stock in cash at a price equal to 102.0% of the Preference Amount, plus accrued and unpaid distributions as of the redemption date. Any time after the third anniversary of the closing but on or prior to the fourth anniversary of the closing, we may redeem all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Stock in cash at a price equal to 101.0% of the Preference Amount, plus accrued and unpaid distributions as of the redemption date. At any time after the fourth anniversary of the closing, we may redeem all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Stock in cash at a price equal to the Preference Amount plus accrued and unpaid distributions as of the redemption date. In addition, upon the occurrence of a change of control, (i) we shall have the right, but not the obligation, to redeem any or all of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock at the then applicable redemption price, payable in cash and (ii) each holder will have the right, but not the obligation, to require the Company to redeem any or all of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock owned by such holder at the then applicable redemption price, payable in cash.

The Series A Preferred Stock is not convertible into Common Stock or Class B Common Stock. Each holder of Series A Preferred Stock will have one vote per share on any matter on which holders of Series A Preferred are entitled to vote separately as a class (as described below), whether at a meeting or by written consent. The holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock do not otherwise have any voting rights.

The vote or consent of the holders of at least two-thirds of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding at such time, voting together as a separate class, is required in order for the Company to (i) amend, alter or repeal any provision of its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including the certificates of designations relating to the Series A Preferred Stock) in a manner that would have an adverse effect on the rights, preferences or privileges of the Series A Preferred Stock, as applicable, (ii) issue, any capital stock ranking senior or pari passu to the Series A Preferred Stock, other than certain issuances to a governmental entity in connection with a financing transaction or (iii) liquidate, dissolve or wind up the Company.

Warrants to Purchase Company Common Stock. Pursuant to the Investment Agreements, we issued to each of (1) the Silver Lake Purchasers (in the aggregate) and (2) the Apollo Purchaser, Warrants to purchase 4.2 million shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $72.00 per share, subject to certain customary anti-dilution adjustments provided under the Warrants, including for stock splits, reclassifications, combinations and dividends or distributions made by the Company on the Common Stock. The Warrants are exercisable on a net share settlement basis. The Warrants expire ten years after the closing date.

Registration Rights Agreement. In connection with and concurrently with the effective time of the transactions contemplated by the Investment Agreements, the Company, the Apollo Purchaser and the Silver Lake Purchasers entered into a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Apollo Purchaser and the Silver Lake Purchasers are entitled to certain registration rights. Under the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, the Apollo Purchaser and the Silver Lake Purchasers are entitled to customary registration rights with respect to the shares of Common Stock for which the Warrants may be exercised and, from and after the fifth anniversary of the closing, the Series A Preferred Stock.

Bodybuilding.com Transaction

In May 2020, we completed the sale of Bodybuilding.com.

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Part I. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements reflect the views of our management regarding current expectations and projections about future events and are based on currently available information. Actual results could differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in Exhibit 99.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 23, 2020, as well as those discussed in the Risk Factor section and elsewhere in this report. COVID-19, and the volatile regional and global economic conditions stemming from it, and additional or unforeseen effects from the COVID-19 pandemic, could also give rise to or aggravate these risk factors, which in turn could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations (including revenues and profitability) and/or stock price. Further, COVID-19 may also affect our operating and financial results in a manner that is not presently known to us or that we currently do not consider to present significant risks to our operations. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The use of words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “goal,” “intends,” “likely,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projected,” “seeks,” “should” and “will,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions, among others, generally identify forward-looking statements; however, these words are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are inherently subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. We are not under any obligation to, and do not intend to, publicly update or review any of these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, even if experience or future events make it clear that any expected results expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements will not be realized. Please carefully review and consider the various disclosures made in this report and in our other reports filed with the SEC that attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, prospects and results of operations.

The information included in this management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes included in this Quarterly Report, and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Overview

Expedia Group is one of the world's largest travel companies. We help reduce the barriers to travel, making it easier, more attainable and more accessible, bringing the world within reach for customers and partners around the globe. We leverage our platform and technology capabilities across an extensive portfolio of businesses and brands to orchestrate the movement of people and the delivery of travel experiences on both a local and global basis. We make available, on a stand-alone and package basis, travel services provided by numerous lodging properties, airlines, car rental companies, activities and experiences providers, cruise lines, alternative accommodations property owners and managers, and other travel product and service companies. We also offer travel and non-travel advertisers access to a potential source of incremental traffic and transactions through our various media and advertising offerings on our websites. For additional information about our portfolio of brands, see “Portfolio of Brands” in Part I, Item 1, “Business”, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

All percentages within this section are calculated on actual, unrounded numbers.

Trends

During the first quarter of 2020, the outbreak and spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic, and measures to contain the virus, including government travel restrictions and quarantine orders, have had a significant negative impact on the travel industry. COVID-19 has forced many of our supply partners, particularly airlines and hotels, to operate at significantly reduced service levels, and has negatively impacted consumer sentiment and consumers ability to travel. Our financial and operating results for the first quarter of 2020 were significantly impacted due to the decrease in travel demand related to COVID-19 with the impact worsening during the quarter as the virus developed into a global pandemic.

We currently expect COVID-19 to have significantly greater impact on our second quarter of 2020 results as we will see the full global impact of the virus for the entire quarter, compared to a partial quarter of impact in the first quarter. The ultimate duration and impact of COVID-19 remains uncertain and it is difficult to predict the timing and nature of a recovery for the travel industry and, in particular, our business.

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COVID-19 has had broader economic impacts, including a significant increase in unemployment levels and reduction in economic activity, which could lead to a recession, and further reduction in consumer or business spending on travel activities, which may negatively impact the timing and level of a recovery in travel demand. Additionally, further health-related events, political instability, geopolitical conflicts, acts of terrorism, significant fluctuations in currency values, sovereign debt issues, and natural disasters, are examples of other events that could have a negative impact on the travel industry in the future.

Prior to the onset of COVID-19, we began to execute a cost savings initiative aimed at simplifying the organization and increasing efficiency. We expect these efforts, which include a significant reduction in headcount, to generate $300 to $500 million in annualized run-rate cost savings by the end of 2020.

Following the onset of COVID-19, we took several additional actions to reduce costs to help mitigate the impact to demand from COVID-19. This included a significant reduction in our variable costs, of which direct marketing is the largest component. We also achieved cost savings in several other areas, which we expect to continue to benefit from when business conditions return to more normalized levels. We continue to evaluate additional opportunities to increase efficiency and improve operational effectiveness across the Company.

As a result of the cost savings effort launched prior to COVID-19 and additional cost reductions during COVID-19 that we expect to remain in place, we expect Adjusted EBITDA margins to increase compared to historical levels when revenue returns to more normalized levels.

Lodging

Lodging includes hotel accommodations and alternative accommodations. As a percentage of our total worldwide revenue in the first three months of 2020, lodging accounted for 69%. As a result of the COVID-19 outbreak and impact on travel demand, room nights declined 14% in the first three months of 2020. Many hotel partners were forced to shut a number of properties due to the virus, and some remain closed. The timing of hotel operations returning to normal levels, and recovery in consumer sentiment on staying at hotels will be a factor in our level of room night growth. Average Daily Rates (“ADRs”) for rooms booked on Expedia Group websites increased 2% in the first three months of 2020. The uncertain environment related to COVID-19, and the potential that suppliers reduce prices, including a higher degree of discounting activity due to the lower travel demand, could result in ADR declines for a period of time. Travel restrictions and shift in consumer behavior during COVID-19 could also impact the geographic mix of our hotel bookings, which could impact ADRs.

Hotel. We generate the majority of our revenue through the facilitation of hotel reservations (stand-alone and package bookings). After rolling out Expedia Traveler Preference (“ETP”) globally over a period of several years, during which time we reduced negotiated economics in certain instances to compensate for hotel supply partners absorbing expenses such as credit card fees and customer service costs, our relationships and overall economics with hotel supply partners have been broadly stable in recent years. As we continue to expand the breadth and depth of our global hotel offering, in some cases we have reduced our economics in various geographies based on local market conditions. These impacts are due to specific initiatives intended to drive greater global size and scale through faster overall room night growth. Additionally, increased promotional activities such as growing loyalty programs contribute to declines in revenue per room night and profitability.

Since our hotel supplier agreements are generally negotiated on a percentage basis, any increase or decrease in ADRs has an impact on the revenue we earn per room night. Over the course of the last several years, occupancies and ADRs in the lodging industry generally increased on a currency-neutral basis in a gradually improving overall travel environment. However, with certain travel restrictions and quarantine orders implemented due to COVID-19, current occupancy rates for hotels in the United States are at historically low levels and ADRs could decline for a period of time. In addition, other factors could pressure ADR trends, including the continued growth in hotel supply in recent years and the increase in alternative accommodation inventory. Further, while the global lodging industry remains very fragmented, there has been consolidation in the hotel space among chains as well as ownership groups. In the meantime, certain hotel chains have been focusing on driving direct bookings on their own websites and mobile applications by advertising lower rates than those available on third-party websites as well as incentives such as loyalty points, increased or exclusive product availability and complimentary Wi-Fi.

We have continued to add supply to our global lodging marketplace with over 1.7 million properties on our global websites as of March 31, 2020, including over 880,000 integrated Vrbo alternative accommodations listings.

Alternative Accommodations. With our acquisition of Vrbo (previously HomeAway) and all of its brands in December 2015, we expanded into the fast growing alternative accommodations market. Vrbo is a leader in this market and represents an attractive growth opportunity for Expedia Group. Vrbo has transitioned from a listings-based classified advertising model to an online transactional model that optimizes for both travelers and homeowner and property manager partners, with a goal of increasing monetization and driving growth through investments in marketing as well as in product and technology. Vrbo offers hosts subscription-based listing or pay-per-booking service models. It also generates revenue from a traveler service fee for bookings. As of March 31, 2020, there are over 2.1 million online bookable listings available on Vrbo. In addition, we have

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actively moved to integrate Vrbo listings into our global Retail services, as well as directly add alternative accommodation listings to our offerings, to position our key global brands to offer a full range of lodging options for consumers.

Air

The airline industry has been dramatically impacted by COVID-19. As a result of the significantly reduced air travel demand due to government travel restrictions and the impact on consumer sentiment related to COVID-19, airlines have been operating with limited capacity and passenger traffic has declined significantly. According to the International Air Transport Association (“IATA”), global flights were down approximately 80% from the beginning of the year by early April 2020 and global passenger traffic is expected to decline approximately 48% in 2020. The recovery in air travel remains difficult to predict, and may not correlate with the recovery in lodging demand.

In addition, there is significant correlation between airline revenue and fuel prices, and fluctuations in fuel prices generally take time to be reflected in air revenue. Given current volatility, it is uncertain how fuel prices could impact airfares. We could encounter pressure on air remuneration as air carriers combine, certain supply agreements renew, and as we continue to add airlines to ensure local coverage in new markets.

Air ticket volumes increased 5% in 2018 and 7% in 2019. In the first three months of 2020, air ticket volumes declined 26%. As a percentage of our total worldwide revenue in the first three months of 2020, air accounted for 5%.

Advertising & Media

Our advertising and media business is principally driven by revenue generated by trivago, a leading hotel metasearch website, in addition to Expedia Group Media Solutions, which is responsible for generating advertising revenue on our global online travel brands. In the first three months of 2020, we generated $203 million of advertising and media revenue, a 23% decline from the same period in 2019, representing 9% of our total worldwide revenue. Given the decline in travel demand related to COVID-19, online travel agencies have dramatically reduced marketing spend, including on trivago, and given the uncertain duration and impact of COVID-19 it is difficult to predict when spend will recover. In response, trivago has significantly reduced its marketing spend and taken additional actions to lower operating expenses. We expect trivago to continue to experience significant pressure on revenue and profit until online travel agencies and other hotel suppliers begin to see consumer demand that warrants an increase in marketing spend.

Online Travel

Increased usage and familiarity with the internet are driving rapid growth in online penetration of travel expenditures. According to Phocuswright, an independent travel, tourism and hospitality research firm, in 2019, approximately 45% of U.S. and European leisure and unmanaged corporate travel expenditures occurred online. This figure was estimated to reach approximately 50% in 2020, prior to the outbreak of COVID-19. Online penetration rates in the emerging markets, such as Asia Pacific and Latin American regions, are lagging behind that of the United States and Europe. These penetration rates increased over the past few years, and are expected to continue growing, which presents an attractive growth opportunity for our business, while also attracting many competitors to online travel. This competition intensified in recent years, and the industry is expected to remain highly competitive for the foreseeable future. In addition to the growth of online travel agencies, we see increased interest in the online travel industry from search engine companies such as Google, evidenced by continued product enhancements, including new trip planning features for users and the integration of its various travel products into the Google Travel offering, as well as further prioritizing its own products in search results. Competitive entrants such as “metasearch” companies, including Kayak.com (owned by Booking Holdings), trivago (in which Expedia Group owns a majority interest) as well as TripAdvisor, introduced differentiated features, pricing and content compared with the legacy online travel agency companies, as well as various forms of direct or assisted booking tools. Further, airlines and lodging companies are aggressively pursuing direct online distribution of their products and services. In addition, the increasing popularity of the “sharing economy,” accelerated by online penetration, has had a direct impact on the travel and lodging industry. Businesses such as Airbnb, Vrbo (previously HomeAway, which Expedia Group acquired in December 2015) and Booking.com (owned by Booking Holdings) have emerged as the leaders, bringing incremental alternative accommodation and vacation rental inventory to the market. Many other competitors, including vacation rental metasearch players, continue to emerge in this space, which is expected to continue to grow as a percentage of the global accommodation market. Finally, traditional consumer ecommerce and group buying websites expanded their local offerings into the travel market by adding hotel offers to their websites.

The online travel industry also saw the development of alternative business models and variations in the timing of payment by travelers and to suppliers, which in some cases place pressure on historical business models. In particular, the agency hotel model saw rapid adoption in Europe. Expedia Group facilitates both merchant (Expedia Collect) and agency (Hotel Collect) hotel offerings with our hotel supply partners through both agency-only contracts as well as our hybrid ETP program, which offers travelers the choice of whether to pay Expedia Group at the time of booking or pay the hotel at the time of stay.

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We manage our marketing spending on a brand basis, making decisions in each applicable market that we think are appropriate based on the relative growth opportunity, the expected returns and the competitive environment. Intense competition also historically led to aggressive marketing efforts by the travel suppliers and intermediaries, and a meaningful unfavorable impact on our overall marketing efficiencies and operating margins. More recently, we have increased our focus on opportunities to increase marketing efficiency, drive a higher proportion of transactions through direct channels and improve the balance of transaction growth and profitability.

Growth Strategy

Global Expansion. Our Brand Expedia, Hotels.com, Vrbo portfolio, Expedia Partner Solution and Egencia brands operate both domestically and through international points of sale, including in Europe, Asia Pacific, Canada and Latin America. In addition, ebookers offers multi-product online travel reservations in Europe and the Wotif portfolio of brands are focused principally on the Australia and New Zealand markets. We own a majority share of trivago, a leading metasearch company. In December 2016, trivago successfully completed its initial public offering and trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “TRVG.” In addition, we have commercial agreements in place with Trip.com and eLong in China, Traveloka in Southeast Asia, as well as Despegar in Latin America, among many others. In conjunction with the commercial arrangements with Traveloka and Despegar, we have also made strategic investments in both companies. In the first three months of 2020, approximately 40% of worldwide revenue was through international points of sale. Our strategy is focused on continuing to grow our international market share, and over the longer term we aim to increase our mix of international revenue as we execute to strengthen our brands and products in key international markets.

In expanding our global reach, we leverage significant investments in technology, operations, brand building, supplier relationships and other initiatives that we have made since the launch of Expedia.com in 1996. More recently, we have invested in migrating parts of our technology platform to the cloud, as well as focused on expanding our lodging supply, particularly in key international markets. Our scale of operations enhances the value of technology innovations we introduce on behalf of our travelers and suppliers. We believe that our size and scale afford the company the ability to negotiate competitive rates with our supply partners, provide breadth of choice and travel deals to our traveling customers through an expanding supply portfolio and create opportunities for new value added offers for our customers such as our loyalty programs. The size of Expedia Group’s worldwide traveler base makes our websites an increasingly appealing channel for travel suppliers to reach customers. In addition, the sheer size of our user base and search query volume allows us to test new technologies very quickly to determine which innovations are most likely to improve the travel research and booking process, and then roll those features out to our worldwide audience to drive improvements in conversion.

Product Innovation. Each of our leading brands was a pioneer in online travel and has been responsible for driving key innovations in the space for more than two decades. We have made key investments in technology, including significant development of our technical platforms, that make it possible for us to deliver innovations at a faster pace. Improvements in our global platforms for Hotels.com, Brand Expedia and Vrbo continue to enable us to significantly increase the innovation cycle, thereby improving conversion and driving faster growth rates for those brands. Since 2014, we have acquired Travelocity, Wotif Group and Orbitz Worldwide, including Orbitz, CheapTickets and ebookers, and migrated their brands to the Brand Expedia technology platform. In addition, Orbitz for Business customers were migrated to the Egencia technology platform in 2016. We intend to continue leveraging these technology investments when launching additional points of sale in new countries, introducing new website features, adding supplier products and services including new business model offerings, as well as proprietary and user-generated content for travelers.

Channel Expansion. Technological innovations and developments continue to create new opportunities for travel bookings. In the past few years, each of our brands made significant progress innovating on its mobile websites and mobile applications, contributing to solid download trends, and many of our brands now see more traffic via mobile devices than via traditional PCs and an increasing percentage of transactions are coming through mobile. Mobile bookings continue to present an opportunity for incremental growth as they are often completed with a much shorter booking window than we historically experienced via more traditional online booking methods. Additionally, our brands are implementing new technologies like voice-based search, chatbots and messaging apps as mobile-based options for travelers. In addition, we are seeing significant cross-device usage among our customers, who connect to our websites and apps across multiple devices and platforms throughout their travel planning process. We also believe mobile represents an efficient marketing channel given the opportunity for direct traffic acquisition, increase in share of wallet and in repeat customers, particularly through mobile applications. During 2019, more than 40% of transactions across Expedia Group’s Retail brands were booked on a mobile device.

Seasonality

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holiday travel. The number of bookings typically decreases in the fourth quarter. Because revenue for most of our travel services, including merchant and agency hotel, is recognized as the travel takes place rather than when it is booked, revenue typically lags bookings by several weeks for our hotel business and can be several months or more for our alternative accommodations business. Historically, Vrbo has seen seasonally stronger bookings in the first quarter of the year, with the relevant stays occurring during the peak summer travel months. The seasonal revenue impact is exacerbated with respect to income by the nature of our variable cost of revenue and direct sales and marketing costs, which we typically realize in closer alignment to booking volumes, and the more stable nature of our fixed costs. Furthermore, operating profits for our primary advertising business, trivago, have typically been experienced in the second half of the year, particularly the fourth quarter, as selling and marketing costs offset revenue in the first half of the year as we typically increase marketing during the busy booking period for spring, summer and winter holiday travel. As a result on a consolidated basis, revenue and income are typically the lowest in the first quarter and highest in the third quarter. The growth of our international operations, advertising business or a change in our product mix, including the growth of Vrbo, may influence the typical trend of the seasonality in the future.

Due to COVID-19, which impacted travel bookings made in the first quarter and led to significant cancellations for future travel, we do not expect our typical seasonal pattern for bookings, revenue and profit during 2020. In addition, with the lower new bookings and elevated cancellations in the merchant business model, our typical, seasonal working capital source of cash has been significantly disrupted resulting in the Company experiencing unfavorable working capital trends and material negative cash flow. This is expected to continue until cancellations stabilize and travel demand begins to recover from current levels, at which time we expect merchant bookings and cash flow to increase. It is difficult to forecast the seasonality for the upcoming quarters, given the uncertainty related to the duration of the impact from COVID-19 and the shape and timing of a recovery.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Critical accounting policies and estimates are those that we believe are important in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements because they require that we use judgment and estimates in applying those policies. We prepare our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). Preparation of the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes requires that we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements as well as revenue and expenses during the periods reported. We base our estimates on historical experience, where applicable, and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from our estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

There are certain critical estimates that we believe require significant judgment in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if:


•	It requires us to make an assumption because information was not available at the time or it included matters that were highly uncertain at the time we were making the estimate; and


•	Changes in the estimate or different estimates that we could have selected may have had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Recoverability of Goodwill and Indefinite and Definite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill. We assess goodwill for impairment annually as of October 1, or more frequently, if events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. During the first quarter of 2020, as a result of the significant turmoil related to COVID-19, we concluded that sufficient indicators existed to require us to perform an interim impairment assessment. In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, we typically perform a quantitative assessment and compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value and, if applicable, record an impairment charge based on the excess of the reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value. Periodically, we may choose to perform a qualitative assessment, prior to performing the quantitative analysis, to determine whether the fair value of the goodwill is more likely than not impaired.

We generally base our measurement of fair value of reporting units, except for trivago, which is a separately listed company on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, on a blended analysis of the present value of future discounted cash flows and market valuation approach. The discounted cash flows model indicates the fair value of the reporting units based on the present value of the cash flows that we expect the reporting units to generate in the future. Our significant estimates in the discounted cash flows model include: our weighted average cost of capital; long-term rate of growth and profitability of our business; and

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working capital effects. The market valuation approach indicates the fair value of the business based on a comparison of the Company to comparable publicly traded firms in similar lines of business. Our significant estimates in the market approach model include identifying similar companies with comparable business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and assessing comparable revenue and operating income multiples in estimating the fair value of the reporting units. The fair value estimate for our trivago reporting unit is based on trivago’s stock price, a Level 1 input, adjusted for an estimated control premium.

We believe the weighted use of discounted cash flows and market approach is generally the best method for determining the fair value of our reporting units because these are the most common valuation methodologies used within the travel and internet industries; and the blended use of both models compensates for the inherent risks associated with either model if used on a stand-alone basis.

In addition to measuring the fair value of our reporting units as described above, we consider the combined carrying and fair values of our reporting units in relation to the Company’s total fair value of equity plus debt as of the assessment date. Our equity value assumes our fully diluted market capitalization, using either the stock price on the valuation date or the average stock price over a range of dates around the valuation date, plus an estimated acquisition premium which is based on observable transactions of comparable companies. The debt value is based on the highest value expected to be paid to repurchase the debt, which can be fair value, principal or principal plus a premium depending on the terms of each debt instrument.

Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets. We base our measurement of fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets, which primarily consist of trade name and trademarks, using the relief-from-royalty method. This method assumes that the trade name and trademarks have value to the extent that their owner is relieved of the obligation to pay royalties for the benefits received from them. This method requires us to estimate the future revenue for the related brands, the appropriate royalty rate and the weighted average cost of capital.

Definite-Lived Intangible Assets. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets or asset groups to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of the asset, or a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, among others. If such facts indicate a potential impairment, we would assess the recoverability of an asset group by determining if the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets over the remaining economic life of the primary asset in the asset group. If the recoverability test indicates that the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable, we will estimate the fair value of the asset group using appropriate valuation methodologies, which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. Any impairment would be measured as the difference between the asset groups carrying amount and its estimated fair value.

The use of different estimates or assumptions in determining the fair value of our goodwill, indefinite-lived and definite-lived intangible assets may result in different values for these assets, which could result in an impairment or, in the period in which an impairment is recognized, could result in a materially different impairment charge.

For additional information on our goodwill and intangible asset impairments recorded as a result of our interim impairment testing during the first quarter of 2020, see Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

For additional information about our other critical accounting policies and estimates, see the disclosure included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 as well as updates in the current fiscal year provided in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Occupancy and Other Taxes

Legal Proceedings. We are currently involved in eight lawsuits brought by or against states, cities and counties over issues involving the payment of hotel occupancy and other taxes. We continue to defend these lawsuits vigorously. With respect to the principal claims in these matters, we believe that the statutes and/or ordinances at issue do not apply to us or the services we provide, namely the facilitation of travel planning and reservations, and, therefore, that we do not owe the taxes that are claimed to be owed. We believe that the statutes and ordinances at issue generally impose occupancy and other taxes on entities that own, operate or control hotels (or similar businesses) or furnish or provide hotel rooms or similar accommodations.

Recent developments include:


•	City of San Antonio, Texas Litigation. On May 11, 2020, the United States Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the district court’s award of over $2 million in appeal bond costs against the city.

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•	Palm Beach, Florida Litigation. On March 25, 2020, the Florida Fourth District Court of Appeals affirmed the trial court’s decision that defendants are not subject to tax.


•	Miami Dade County, Florida Litigation. The parties reached a settlement and on April 7, 2020, the county filed a notice of voluntary dismissal without prejudice, thereby ending the matter.

For additional information on these and other legal proceedings, see Part II, Item 1, Legal Proceedings.

We have established a reserve for the potential settlement of issues related to hotel occupancy and other tax litigation, consistent with applicable accounting principles and in light of all current facts and circumstances, in the amount of $52 million as of March 31, 2020, and $48 million as of December 31, 2019.

Certain jurisdictions, including without limitation the states of New York, New Jersey, North Carolina, Minnesota, Oregon, Rhode Island, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Hawaii, Iowa, Massachusetts, Arizona, Wisconsin, Idaho, Arkansas, Indiana, Maine, Nebraska, Vermont, the city of New York, and the District of Columbia, have enacted legislation seeking to tax online travel company services as part of sales or other taxes for hotel and/or other accommodations and/or car rental. In addition, in certain jurisdictions, we have entered into voluntary collection agreements pursuant to which we have agreed to voluntarily collect and remit taxes to state and/or local taxing jurisdictions. We are currently remitting taxes to a number of jurisdictions, including without limitation the states of New York, New Jersey, South Carolina, North Carolina, Minnesota, Georgia, Wyoming, West Virginia, Oregon, Rhode Island, Montana, Maryland, Kentucky, Maine, Pennsylvania, Hawaii, Iowa, Massachusetts, Arizona, Wisconsin, Idaho, Arkansas, Indiana, Nebraska, Vermont, the city of New York and the District of Columbia, as well as certain other jurisdictions.

Pay-to-Play

Certain jurisdictions may assert that we are required to pay any assessed taxes prior to being allowed to contest or litigate the applicability of the ordinances. This prepayment of contested taxes is referred to as “pay-to-play.” Payment of these amounts is not an admission that we believe we are subject to such taxes and, even when such payments are made, we continue to defend our position vigorously. If we prevail in the litigation, for which a pay-to-play payment was made, the jurisdiction collecting the payment will be required to repay such amounts and also may be required to pay interest. However, any significant pay-to-play payment or litigation loss could negatively impact our liquidity.

Other Jurisdictions. We are also in various stages of inquiry or audit with domestic and foreign tax authorities, some of which, including the City of Los Angeles regarding hotel occupancy taxes and the United Kingdom regarding the application of value added tax (“VAT”) to our European Union related transactions, may impose a pay-to-play requirement to challenge an adverse inquiry or audit result in court.

Segments

Beginning in the first quarter of 2020, we have the following reportable segments: Retail, B2B, and trivago. Our Retail segment provides a full range of travel and advertising services to our worldwide customers through a variety of consumer brands including: Expedia.com and Hotels.com in the United States and localized Expedia and Hotels.com websites throughout the world, Vrbo, Orbitz, Travelocity, Wotif Group, ebookers, CheapTickets, Hotwire.com, CarRentals.com, CruiseShipCenters, Classic Vacations and SilverRail Technologies, Inc. Our B2B segment is comprised of our Expedia Business Services organization including Expedia Partner Solutions, which operates private label and co-branded programs to make travel services available to leisure travelers through third-party company branded websites, and Egencia, a full-service travel management company that provides travel services to businesses and their corporate customers. Our trivago segment generates advertising revenue primarily from sending referrals to online travel companies and travel service providers from its hotel metasearch websites.

Operating Metrics

Our operating results are affected by certain metrics, such as gross bookings and revenue margin, which we believe are necessary for understanding and evaluating us. Gross bookings generally represent the total retail value of transactions booked for agency and merchant transactions, recorded at the time of booking reflecting the total price due for travel by travelers, including taxes, fees and other charges, and are reduced for cancellations and refunds. As travelers have increased their use of the internet to book travel arrangements, we have generally seen our gross bookings increase, reflecting the growth in the online travel industry, our organic market share gains and our business acquisitions. Revenue margin is defined as revenue as a percentage of gross bookings.

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Gross Bookings and Revenue Margin



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020			2019			% Change
	($ in millions)
Gross bookings	$	17,885		$	29,409		(39	)%
Revenue margin ⁽¹⁾	12.4		%	8.9		%

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(1)	trivago, which is comprised of a hotel metasearch business that differs from our transaction-based websites, does not have associated gross bookings or revenue margin. However, third-party revenue from trivago is included in revenue used to calculate total revenue margin.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, gross bookings decreased 39% compared to the same period in 2019. In January 2020, gross bookings growth was positive, as COVID-19 modestly impacted results, with the virus largely limited to the Asia Pacific region. In February 2020, gross bookings declined year-over-year as the virus spread, particularly into Europe by later in the month. During March 2020, with COVID-19 becoming a global pandemic, including significantly impacting North America, our largest region, cancellations exceeded new bookings, and total gross bookings were negative for the month.

Results of Operations

Revenue



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019		% Change
	($ in millions)
Revenue by Segment
Retail	$	1,582	$	1,901	(17	)%
B2B	485		556		(13	)%
trivago (Third-party revenue)	103		152		(32	)%
Corporate (Bodybuilding.com)	39		—		N/A
Total revenue	$	2,209	$	2,609	(15	)%

Revenue decreased 15% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019. First quarter 2020 revenue declined less than gross bookings since revenue is recognized at the time of stay thus was not impacted by cancellations for future stays. Revenue grew for both January and February 2020 before significantly declining year-over-year in March 2020.



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019		% Change
	($ in millions)
Revenue by Service Type
Lodging	$	1,518	$	1,687	(10	)%
Air	109		248		(56	)%
Advertising and media⁽¹⁾	203		265		(23	)%
Other	379		409		(7	)%
Total revenue	$	2,209	$	2,609	(15	)%

____________________________


(1)	Includes third-party revenue from trivago as well as our transaction-based websites.

Lodging revenue decreased 10% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, on a 14% decrease in room nights stayed, partially offset by a 5% increase in revenue per room night.

Air revenue decreased 56% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, driven by a 41% decrease in revenue per ticket and a 26% decline in air tickets sold. The declines in air revenue reflect the adverse impact of COVID-19 on air travel, including elevated cancellation activity during March 2020.

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Advertising and media revenue decreased 23% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, due to declines at trivago and Expedia Group Media Solutions. All other revenue, which includes car rental, insurance, destination services, fee revenue related to our corporate travel business and Bodybuilding.com, decreased 7% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, due to declines in insurance and car revenue, partially offset by the inorganic benefit related to the acquisition of Bodybuilding.com during the third quarter of 2019.

In addition to the above segment and product revenue discussion, our revenue by business model is as follows:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2020		2019		% Change
	($ in millions)
Revenue by Business Model
Merchant	$	1,340	$	1,435	(7	)%
Agency	562		842		(33	)%
Advertising, media and other	307		332		(7	)%
Total revenue	$	2,209	$	2,609	(15	)%

Merchant revenue decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, primarily due to the decrease in merchant hotel revenue driven by a decrease in room nights stayed, partially offset by an increase in Vrbo merchant alternative accommodations revenue.

Agency revenue decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, primarily due to the decline in agency air and hotel as well as Vrbo agency alternative accommodations revenue.

Advertising, media and other decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, primarily due to declines in advertising revenue, partially offset by the inorganic impact of the Bodybuilding.com acquisition.

Cost of Revenue



Three months ended March 31,
2020	2019	% Change
($ in millions)