Exhibit 4.1
BLACK CREEK DIVERSIFIED PROPERTY FUND INC.
Second Amended and Restated Share Redemption Program
Effective as of December 10, 2018
Definitions
Advisor
- Shall mean Black Creek Diversified Property Advisors LLC.
Advisory Agreement
- The advisory agreement between the Advisor and the Company.
Class D shares
- Shall mean the shares of the Company’s common stock classified as Class D.
Class E shares
- Shall mean the shares of the Company’s common stock classified as Class E.
Class I shares
- Shall mean the shares of the Company’s common stock classified as Class I.
Class S shares
- Shall mean the shares of the Company’s common stock classified as Class S.
Class T shares
- Shall mean the shares of the Company’s common stock classified as Class T.
Company
- Shall mean Black Creek Diversified Property Fund Inc., a Maryland corporation. The Company may be referred to as “we” or “our” within the context of this document.
Code
- Shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
DST Program
- Shall mean the Company’s program to raise capital in private placements exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the “Securities Act” through the sale of beneficial interests in specific Delaware statutory trusts holding real properties, including properties currently indirectly owned by the Operating Partnership.
Early Redemption Deduction
- Shall mean have the meaning set forth below.
NAV
- Shall mean the net asset value of the Company or a class of its shares, as the context requires, determined in accordance with the Company’s valuation policies and procedures.
Operating Partnership
- Shall mean Black Creek Diversified Property Operating Partnership LP.
Operating Partnership Agreement
- Shall mean the Sixth Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of the Operating Partnership, as amended from time to time.
OP Units
- Shall mean limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership.
Offering
- Shall mean any ongoing public offering of Class T, Class S, Class D or Class I shares, whether in a primary offering or pursuant to the Company’s distribution reinvestment plan.
Redemption Date
- Shall mean have the meaning set forth below.
Stockholders or stockholders
- Shall mean the holders of Class E, Class T, Class S, Class D or Class I shares. Stockholders may be referred to as “you” or “your” within the context of this document.
Transaction Price
- Shall mean the price at which a share will be redeemed, which will generally be equal to the most recently disclosed monthly NAV per share for the applicable class of shares. The Company may use a Transaction Price other than the most recently disclosed monthly NAV in cases where the Company believes there has been a material change (positive or negative) to the Company’s NAV per share relative to the most recently disclosed monthly NAV per share.
Share Redemption Program
We expect that there will be no regular secondary trading market for shares of our common stock. While you should view your investment as long term with limited liquidity, we have adopted this share redemption program, whereby stockholders may request that we redeem all or any portion of their shares in accordance with the procedures and subject to certain conditions and limitations described below. All references herein to the classes of our shares mean our Class E, Class T, Class S, Class D, and Class I shares, and not the OP Units issued by our Operating Partnership, unless the context otherwise requires.
Due to the illiquid nature of investments in real property, we may not have sufficient liquid resources to fund redemption requests. In addition, we have established limitations on the amount of funds we may use for redemptions during any calendar month and quarter. See “Redemption Limitations” below. Further, our board of directors has the right to modify, suspend or terminate this share redemption program if it deems such action to be in the best interest of our stockholders.
A stockholder’s request for redemption in accordance with any of the special treatment described below in the event of the death or qualifying disability of a stockholder must be submitted within 18 months of the death of the stockholder or the initial determination of the stockholder’s disability (which we define as such term is defined in Section 72(m)(7) of the Code), as further described below.
You may request that we redeem shares of our common stock through your financial advisor or directly with our transfer agent. We will generally adhere to the following procedures relating to the redemption of shares of our common stock:
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Under this share redemption program, to the extent we choose to redeem shares in any particular month we will only redeem shares as of the last calendar day of that month (a “Redemption Date”). To have your shares redeemed, your redemption request and required documentation must be received in good order by 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on the second to last business day of the applicable month. Settlements of share redemptions will be made within three business days of the Redemption Date. Redemption requests received and processed by our transfer agent will be effected at a redemption price equal to the Transaction Price on the applicable Redemption Date, subject to any Early Redemption Deduction. Although the Transaction Price for shares of our common stock will generally be based on the most recently disclosed monthly NAV per share, the NAV per share of such stock as of the Redemption Date may be significantly different.
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A stockholder may withdraw his or her redemption request by notifying the transfer agent, directly or through the stockholder’s financial intermediary, on our toll-free, automated telephone line, (888) 310-9352. The line is open on each business day between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. (Eastern time). Redemption requests must be cancelled before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on the last business day of the applicable month.
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If a redemption request is received after 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on the second to last business day of the applicable month, the redemption request will be executed, if at all, on the next month’s Redemption Date at the Transaction Price applicable to that month (subject to any Early Redemption Deduction), unless such request is withdrawn prior to the redemption. Redemption requests received and processed by our transfer agent on a business day, but after the close of business on that day or on a day that is not a business day, will be deemed received on the next business day.
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Redemption requests may be made by mail or by contacting your financial intermediary, both subject to certain conditions set forth herein. If making a redemption request by contacting your financial intermediary, your financial intermediary may require you to provide certain documentation or information. If making a redemption request by mail to the transfer agent, you must complete and sign a redemption authorization form which will be available on our website. Written requests should be sent to the transfer agent at the following address:
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For regular mail:
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For overnight deliveries:
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DST Systems, Inc.
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DST Systems, Inc.
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PO Box 219079
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430 West 7th Street, Suite 219079
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Kansas City, Missouri 64121-9079
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Kansas City, Missouri 64105
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Toll Free Number: (888) 310-9352
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Corporate investors and other non-individual entities must have an appropriate certification on file authorizing redemptions. A signature guarantee may be required.
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For processed redemptions, stockholders may request that redemption proceeds are to be paid by mailed check provided that the amount is less than $100,000 and the check is mailed to an address on file with the transfer agent for at least 30 days.
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Processed redemptions of more than $100,000 will be paid only via ACH or wire transfer. For this reason, stockholders who own more than $100,000 of our common stock must provide bank instructions for their brokerage account or designated U.S. bank account. Stockholders who own less than $100,000 of our common stock may also receive redemption proceeds via ACH or wire transfer, provided the payment amount is at least $2,500. For all redemptions paid via wire transfer, the funds will be wired to the account on file with the transfer agent or, upon instruction, to another financial institution provided that the stockholder has made the necessary funds transfer arrangements. The customer service representative can provide detailed instructions on establishing funding arrangements and designating your bank or brokerage account on file. Funds will be sent only to U.S. financial institutions (ACH network members).
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A medallion signature guarantee will be required in certain circumstances. The medallion signature process protects stockholders by verifying the authenticity of a signature and limiting unauthorized fraudulent transactions. A medallion signature guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, broker-dealer, clearing agency, savings association or other financial institution which participates in a medallion program recognized by the Securities Transfer Association. The three recognized medallion programs are the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program and the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. Medallion Signature Program. Signature guarantees from financial institutions which are not participating in any of these medallion programs will not be accepted. A notary public cannot provide signature guarantees. We reserve the right to amend, waive or discontinue this policy at any time and establish other criteria for verifying the authenticity of any redemption or transaction request. We may require a medallion signature guarantee if, among other reasons: (1) the amount of the redemption request is over $500,000; (2) you wish to have redemption proceeds transferred by wire to an account other than the designated bank or brokerage account on file for at least 30 days or sent to an address other than your address of record for the past 30 days; or (3) our transfer agent cannot confirm your identity or suspects fraudulent activity.
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If a stockholder has made multiple purchases of shares of our common stock, any redemption request will be processed on a first in/first out basis unless otherwise requested in the redemption request.
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Minimum Account Redemptions
In the event that any stockholder fails to maintain the minimum balance of $2,000 of shares of our common stock, we may redeem all of the shares held by that stockholder at the redemption price in effect on the date we determine that the stockholder has failed to meet the minimum balance, less any Early Redemption Deduction. Minimum account redemptions will apply even in the event that the failure to meet the minimum balance is caused solely by a decline in our NAV. Minimum account redemptions are subject to Early Redemption Deduction.
Sources of Funds for Redemptions
We may, in the Advisor’s discretion, after taking the interests of our company as a whole and the interests of our remaining stockholders into consideration, use proceeds from any available sources at our disposal to satisfy redemption requests, subject to the limitation on the amount of funds we may use described below under “Redemption Limitations.” Potential sources of funding redemptions include, but are not limited to, cash on hand, cash available from borrowings, cash from the sale of shares of our common stock and cash from liquidations of investments, to the extent that such funds are not otherwise dedicated to a particular use, such as working capital, cash distributions to stockholders, purchases of real property, debt-related or other investments or redemption of OP Units.
Although the vast majority of our assets consist of properties that cannot generally be readily liquidated on short notice without impacting our ability to realize full value upon their disposition, we intend to maintain a number of sources of liquidity including (i) cash equivalents (e.g. money market funds), other short-term investments, U.S. government securities, agency securities and liquid real estate-related securities and (ii) one or more borrowing facilities. We may fund redemptions from any available source of funds, including operating cash flows, borrowings, proceeds from the Offering and/or sales of our assets.
This share redemption program may limit our ability to make new investments or increase the current distribution rate if we experience redemption demand in excess of capacity over any two-year period. This share redemption program requires that if during any consecutive 24-month period (the “Pro-Rata Period”), we do not have at least one month in which we fully satisfy 100% of properly submitted redemption requests or accept all properly submitted tenders in a self-tender offer for our shares, we will not make any new investments (excluding short-term cash management investments under 30 days in duration) and we will use all investable assets to satisfy redemption requests (subject to the limitations under this program) until all outstanding requests are satisfied. “Investable assets” includes net proceeds from new subscription agreements, unrestricted cash, proceeds from marketable securities, proceeds from the distribution reinvestment plan, and net cash flows after any payment, accrual, allocation, or liquidity reserve associated with costs in the normal course of owning, operating and selling real estate, debt service, redemption of holders of OP Units, repayment of debt, debt financing costs, current or anticipated debt covenants associated with existing debt, funding commitments related to real estate (provided that, any such funding commitments related to the acquisition of property were made prior to the second half of the Pro-Rata Period), master lease payments pursuant to the DST Program, general and administrative expenses, organizational and offering costs, asset management and advisory fees, performance or actions under existing contracts, obligations under our organizational documents or those of our subsidiaries (provided that any such obligation, other than an immaterial obligation or an obligation or change requested by a federal or state regulatory body, existed prior to such Pro-Rata Period), obligations imposed by law, regulations, courts or arbitration, or distributions (whether for stockholders or other investors in the company or its subsidiaries) or establishment of an adequate liquidity reserve as determined by our board of directors. The Advisor will also defer its incentive fee until all redemption requests are satisfied. Furthermore, our board of directors and management will consider additional ways to improve shareholder liquidity through this share redemption program or otherwise. The purpose of this provision is to use all available investable assets to satisfy redemption requests in such a situation as described above. Exceptions to the limitations of this paragraph may be made to complete like-kind exchanges under Section 1031 of the Code necessary to avoid adverse tax consequences, or to take actions necessary to maintain our qualification as a real estate investment trust under the Code.
Redemption Limitations
We may redeem fewer shares than have been requested in any particular month to be redeemed under this share redemption program, or none at all, in our discretion at any time. The total amount of aggregate redemptions of Class E, Class T, Class S, Class D, and Class I shares (based on the price at which the shares are redeemed) will be limited during each calendar month to 2% of the aggregate NAV of all classes as of the last calendar day of the previous quarter and in each calendar quarter will be limited to 5% of the aggregate NAV of all classes of shares as of the last calendar day of the previous calendar quarter; provided, however, that every month and quarter each class of our common stock will be allocated capacity within such aggregate limit to allow stockholders in such class to either (a) redeem shares (based on the price at which the shares are redeemed) equal to at least 2% of the aggregate NAV of such share class as of the last calendar day of the previous quarter, or, if more limiting, (b) redeem shares (based on the price at which the shares are redeemed) over the course of a given quarter equal to at least 5% of the aggregate NAV of such share class as of the last calendar day of the previous quarter, which in the second and third months of a quarter could be less than 2% of the NAV of such share class. In the event that we determine to redeem some but not all of the shares submitted for redemption during any month, shares redeemed at the end of the month will be redeemed on a pro rata basis. Even if the class-specific allocations are exceeded for a class, the program may offer such class additional capacity under the aggregate program limits. Redemptions and pro rata treatment, if necessary, will first be applied within the class-specific limits and then applied on an aggregate basis in a second step. All unsatisfied redemption requests must be resubmitted after the start of the next month or quarter, or upon the recommencement of this share redemption program, as applicable.
For both the aggregate and class-specific allocations described above, (i) provided that this share redemption program has been operating and not suspended for the first month of a given quarter and that all properly submitted redemption requests were satisfied, any unused capacity for that month will carry over to the second month and (ii) provided that this share redemption program has been operating and not suspended for the first two months of a given quarter and that all properly submitted redemption requests were satisfied, any unused capacity for those two months will carry over to the third month. In no event will such carry-over capacity permit the redemption of shares with aggregate value (based on the redemption price per share for the month the redemption is effected) in excess of 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares as of the last calendar day of the previous calendar quarter (provided that for these purposes redemptions may be measured on a net basis as described in the paragraph below).
We currently measure the foregoing redemption allocations and limitations based on net redemptions during a month or quarter, as applicable. The term “net redemptions” means, during the applicable period, the excess of our share redemptions (capital outflows) over the proceeds from the sale of our shares (capital inflows). Net redemptions for the class-specific allocations will be based only on the capital inflows and outflows of that class, while net redemptions for the overall program
limits would be based on capital inflows and outflows of all classes. Thus, for any given calendar quarter, the maximum amount of redemptions during that quarter will be equal to (1) 5% of the combined NAV of all classes of shares as of the last calendar day of the previous calendar quarter, plus (2) proceeds from sales of new shares in the Offering (including purchases pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan) and the Class E distribution reinvestment plan offering since the beginning of the current calendar quarter. The same would apply for a given month, except that redemptions in a month would be subject to the 2% limit described above (subject to potential carry-over capacity), and netting would be measured on a monthly basis. With respect to future periods, our board of directors may choose whether the allocations and limitations will be applied to “gross redemptions,” i.e., without netting against capital inflows, rather than to net redemptions. If redemptions for a given month or quarter are measured on a gross basis rather than on a net basis, the redemption limitations could limit the amount of shares redeemed in a given month or quarter despite our receiving a net capital inflow for that month or quarter. In order for our board of directors to change the application of the allocations and limitations from net redemptions to gross redemptions or vice versa, we will provide notice to stockholders in a prospectus supplement or special or periodic report filed by us, as well as in a press release or on our website, at least 10 days before the first business day of the quarter for which the new test will apply. The determination to measure redemptions on a gross basis, or vice versa, will only be made for an entire quarter, and not particular months within a quarter.
If the Transaction Price for the applicable month is not made available by the tenth business day prior to the last business day of the month (or is changed after such date), then no redemption requests will be accepted for such month and stockholders who wish to have their shares redeemed the following month must resubmit their redemption requests.
Should redemption requests, in our judgment, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the company as a whole, or should we otherwise determine that investing our liquid assets in real properties or other illiquid investments rather than repurchasing our shares is in the best interests of the company as a whole, we may choose to redeem fewer shares in any particular month than have been requested to be redeemed, or none at all. Further, our board of directors may modify, suspend or terminate our share redemption program if it deems such action to be in our best interest and the best interest of our stockholders. Material modifications, including any amendment to the 2% monthly or 5% quarterly limitations on redemptions, to and suspensions of this share redemption program will be promptly disclosed to stockholders in a prospectus supplement (or post-effective amendment if required by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) or special or periodic report filed by us. Material modifications will also be disclosed on our website. In addition, we may determine to suspend this share redemption program due to regulatory changes, changes in law or if we become aware of undisclosed material information that we believe should be publicly disclosed before shares are redeemed. Once this share redemption program is suspended, our board of directors must affirmatively authorize the recommencement of the plan before stockholder requests will be considered again.
Early Redemption Deduction
There is no minimum holding period for shares of our common stock and stockholders can request that we redeem their shares at any time. However, subject to limited exceptions, shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year will be redeemed at 95% of the Transaction Price (the “Early Redemption Deduction”).
The Early Redemption Deduction will inure indirectly to the benefit of our remaining stockholders and is intended to offset the trading costs, market impact and other costs associated with short-term trading in our common stock. We may, from time to time, waive the Early Redemption Deduction in the following circumstances:
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redemptions resulting from death or qualifying disability;
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in the event that a stockholder’s shares are redeemed because the stockholder has failed to maintain the $2,000 minimum account balance; or
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with respect to shares purchased through our distribution reinvestment plan.
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In addition, the Early Redemption Deduction may not apply to transactions initiated by the trustee or adviser to a donor-advised charitable gift fund, collective trust fund, common trust fund, fund of fund(s) or other institutional accounts, strategy funds or programs if management determines, in its sole discretion, such account, fund or program has an investment strategy or policy that is reasonably likely to control short-term trading. Further, shares of our common stock may be sold to certain employer sponsored plans, bank or trust company accounts and accounts of certain financial institutions or intermediaries for which we may not apply the Early Redemption Deduction to underlying stockholders, often because of administrative or systems limitations. The Early Redemption Deduction shall also not apply to shares taken by our Advisor in lieu of fees or expense reimbursements under the Advisory Agreement.
The Early Redemption Deduction will also not apply in certain situations following the departure of certain key persons to our company, unless replaced as described below. The currently designated key persons are Richard D. Kincaid, Dwight L. Merriman III, Gregory M. Moran, James R. Mulvihill and any individual appointed by a majority of our independent directors to replace such key persons as described below. If two or more of such key persons have died, resigned, been removed, become disabled (meaning the earlier of (a) the date on which a key person’s healthcare provider states in writing that that such key person will be unable, or can reasonably be expected to be unable, to perform the essential functions of his/her regular duties and responsibilities, with or without reasonable accommodation, due to a medically determinable physical or mental illness or injury for a period of at least 60 consecutive days, or (b) the 60th consecutive day in which such key person has actually been unable to perform the essential functions of his/her regular duties and responsibilities, with or without reasonable accommodation, due to a medically determinable physical or mental illness or injury), or are otherwise unable or unwilling to exercise the authority and discharge those day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to our company as are currently exercised and discharged by such key persons, and our independent directors have not, within 60 days of such situations having arisen with respect to two more of such key persons, approved the appointment of one or more replacements who will fulfill substantially all of the duties of at least all but one of such key persons (meaning one key person position may remain unfilled for longer than 60 days) (a “Key Man Triggering Event”), then the Early Redemption Deduction will be waived with respect to all shares purchased prior to the expiration of five business days after the public disclosure of the occurrence of such Key Man Triggering Event (“Exempt Shares”) from the time the Key Man Triggering Event is publicly disclosed until the completion of three full calendar months; provided, that if not all properly submitted redemption requests are satisfied during such three full calendar months, then such Early Redemption Deduction waiver for Exempt Shares will continue until there has been a subsequent calendar month in which all properly submitted redemption requests were satisfied. We will publicly disclose a Key Man Triggering Event and the associated waiver of the Early Redemption Deduction promptly upon its occurrence, and also promptly publicly disclose when the associated waiver of the Early Redemption Deduction has ended. Any such public disclosure will be made to stockholders in a prospectus supplement or special or periodic report filed by us, as well as in a press release or on our website.
From time to time, our board of directors may also authorize waivers of the Early Redemption Deduction for specified periods of time with respect to future redemptions for all investors upon the occurrence of specific circumstances other than personal circumstances (e.g. significant corporate changes, natural disasters) that it determines, in its sole discretion, do not raise concerns over short-term trading. Any such waivers will be publicly disclosed promptly following their approval. Any such waivers will apply to all investors and apply on a prospective basis only, and will remain effective for at least three full calendar months. Any such public disclosure will be made to stockholders in a prospectus supplement or special or periodic report filed by us, as well as in a press release or on our website.
As set forth above, we may waive the Early Redemption Deduction in respect of redemption of shares resulting from the death of a stockholder who is a natural person, subject to the conditions and limitations described above, including shares held by such stockholder through a revocable grantor trust or an IRA or other retirement or profit-sharing plan, after receiving written notice from the estate of the stockholder, the recipient of the shares through bequest or inheritance, or, in the case of a revocable grantor trust, the trustee of such trust, who shall have the sole ability to request redemption on behalf of the trust. We must receive the written redemption request within 18 months after the death of the stockholder in order for the requesting party to rely on any of the special treatment described above that may be afforded in the event of the death of a stockholder. Such a written request must be accompanied by a certified copy of the official death certificate of the stockholder. If spouses are joint registered holders of shares, the request to have the shares redeemed may be made if either of the registered holders dies. If the stockholder is not a natural person, such as certain trusts or a partnership, corporation or other similar entity, the right of redemption upon death does not apply.
Furthermore, as set forth above, we may waive the Early Redemption Deduction in respect of redemption of shares held by a stockholder who is a natural person who is deemed to have a qualifying disability (as such term is defined in Section 72(m)(7) of the Code), subject to the conditions and limitations described above, including shares held by such stockholder through a revocable grantor trust, or an IRA or other retirement or profit-sharing plan, after receiving written notice from such stockholder, provided that the condition causing the qualifying disability was not pre-existing on the date that the stockholder became a stockholder. We must receive the written redemption request within 18 months of the initial determination of the stockholder’s disability in order for the stockholder to rely on any of the waivers described above that may be granted in the event of the disability of a stockholder. If spouses are joint registered holders of shares, the request to have the shares redeemed may be made if either of the registered holders acquires a qualifying disability. If the stockholder is not a natural person, such as certain trusts or a partnership, corporation or other similar entity, the right of redemption upon disability does not apply.
Items of Note
When you make a request to have shares redeemed, you should note the following:
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if you are requesting that some but not all of your shares be redeemed, keep your balance above $2,000 to avoid minimum account redemption, if applicable;
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you will not receive interest on amounts represented by uncashed redemption checks;
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under applicable anti-money laundering regulations and other federal regulations, redemption requests may be suspended, restricted or canceled and the proceeds may be withheld; and
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all shares of our common stock requested to be redeemed must be beneficially owned by the stockholder of record making the request or his or her estate, heir or beneficiary, or the party requesting the redemption must be authorized to do so by the stockholder of record of the shares or his or her estate, heir or beneficiary, and such shares of common stock must be fully transferable and not subject to any liens or encumbrances. In certain cases, we may ask the requesting party to provide evidence satisfactory to us that the shares requested for redemption are not subject to any liens or encumbrances. If we determine that a lien exists against the shares, we will not be obligated to redeem any shares subject to the lien.
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IRS regulations require us to determine and disclose on Form 1099-B the adjusted cost basis for shares of our stock sold or redeemed. Although there are several available methods for determining the adjusted cost basis, unless you elect otherwise, which you may do by checking the appropriate box on the redemption form or calling our customer service number at (888) 310-9352, we will utilize the first-in-first-out method.
Mail and Telephone Instructions
We and our transfer agent will not be responsible for the authenticity of mail or phone instructions or losses, if any, resulting from unauthorized stockholder transactions if they reasonably believe that such instructions were genuine. We and our transfer agent have established reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions are genuine including requiring the stockholder to provide certain specific identifying information on file and sending written confirmation to stockholders of record no later than five days following execution of the instruction. Stockholders, or their designated custodian or fiduciary, should carefully review such correspondence to ensure that the instructions were properly acted upon. If any discrepancies are noted, the stockholder, or its agent, should contact his, her or its financial advisor as well as our transfer agent in a timely manner, but in no event more than 60 days from receipt of such correspondence. Failure to notify such entities in a timely manner will relieve us, our transfer agent and the financial advisor of any liability with respect to the discrepancy.
Exhibit 99.2
BLACK CREEK DIVERSIFIED PROPERTY FUND, INC.
Net Asset Value Calculation and Valuation Procedures
Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, has adopted valuation procedures, as amended from time to time, that contain a comprehensive set of methodologies to be used in connection with the calculation of our net asset value (“NAV”). As a public company, we are required to issue financial statements generally based on historical cost in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). To calculate our NAV for the purpose of establishing a purchase and redemption price for our shares, we have adopted a model, as explained below, which adjusts the value of certain of our assets from historical cost to fair value. As a result, our NAV may differ from the amount reported as stockholder’s equity on the face of our financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. When the fair value of our assets and liabilities are calculated for the purposes of determining our NAV per share, the calculation is done using widely accepted methodologies and, as appropriate, the GAAP principles within the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification under Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. However, our valuation procedures and our NAV are not subject to GAAP and will not be subject to independent audit. Our NAV may differ from equity reflected on our audited financial statements, even if we are required to adopt a fair value basis of accounting for GAAP financial statement purposes in the future. Furthermore, no rule or regulation requires that we calculate NAV in a certain way. Although we believe our NAV calculation methodologies are consistent with standard industry principles, there is no established practice among public REITs, whether listed or not, for calculating NAV in order to establish a purchase and redemption price. As a result, other public REITs may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine NAV.
Valuation of Real Property
Independent Valuation Firm
With the approval of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, we have engaged Altus Group U.S., Inc., an independent valuation firm (the “Independent Valuation Firm”), to serve as our independent valuation firm with respect to the monthly valuation of our real property portfolio. Altus Group is a multidisciplinary provider of independent, commercial real estate consulting and advisory services in multiple offices around the world, including Canada, the U.K., Australia, the United States and Asia Pacific. Altus Group is engaged in the business of valuing commercial real estate properties and is not affiliated with us or Black Creek Diversified Property Advisors, LLC (the “Advisor”). The compensation we pay to the Independent Valuation Firm will not be based on the estimated values of our real property portfolio. Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may replace the Independent Valuation Firm. We will promptly disclose any changes to the identity or role of the Independent Valuation Firm in a prospectus and reports publicly filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The Independent Valuation Firm discharges its responsibilities in accordance with our real property valuation procedures described below and under the oversight of our board of directors. Our board of directors is not involved in the day-to-day valuation of the real property portfolio, but periodically receives and reviews such information about the valuation of the real property portfolio as it deems necessary to exercise its oversight responsibility. While our Independent Valuation Firm is responsible for providing our real property valuations, our Independent Valuation Firm is not responsible for and does not prepare our monthly NAV.
The Independent Valuation Firm is engaged to provide our monthly real property portfolio valuation and to help us manage the property appraisal process, and also to confirm the Advisor’s estimates of the fair market values of our debt liabilities and debt investments. The Independent Valuation Firm may be engaged to provide additional services, including providing an independent valuation or appraisal of any of our other assets or liabilities (contingent or otherwise), in the future. The Independent Valuation Firm and its affiliates may from time to time in the future perform other commercial real estate and financial advisory services for our Advisor and its related parties, or in transactions related to the properties that are the subjects of the valuations being performed for us, or otherwise, so long as such other services do not adversely affect the independence of the applicable appraiser as certified in the applicable appraisal report.
Monthly Valuation Process
The real property portfolio valuation, which is the largest component of our NAV calculation, is provided to us by the Independent Valuation Firm each month. The foundation for this valuation is periodic appraisals, as discussed further below. However, each month, the Independent Valuation Firm adjusts a real property’s valuation, as necessary, based on known events that have a material impact on the most recent value (adjustments for non-material events may also be made). For example, an unexpected termination or renewal of a material lease, a material change in vacancies, an unanticipated structural or environmental event at a property or material capital market events, among others, may cause the value of a property to change materially. Furthermore, the value of our properties is determined on an unencumbered basis. The effect of property-level debt on our NAV is discussed further below.
Using information derived from a variety of sources including, but not limited to, the property’s most recent appraisal, information from management and other information derived through the Independent Valuation Firm’s database, industry data and other sources, the Independent Valuation Firm determines the appropriate adjustment to be made to the estimated value of the property based on material events, which may include a change to underlying property fundamentals or cash flows or a change in overall market conditions. The Independent Valuation Firm collects reasonably available material information that it deems relevant in valuing our real estate portfolio. The Independent Valuation Firm relies in part on property-level information provided by the Advisor, including (i) historical and projected operating revenues and expenses of the property; (ii) lease agreements on the property; and (iii) information regarding recent or planned capital expenditures. Upon becoming aware of the occurrence of a material event impacting property-level information, the Advisor promptly notifies the Independent Valuation Firm. Any adjustment to the valuation of a property is performed as soon as practicable after a determination that a material change with respect to such property has occurred and the financial effects of such change are quantifiable by the Independent Valuation Firm. However, rapidly changing market conditions or material events may not be immediately reflected in our monthly NAV. The resulting potential disparity in our NAV may inure to the benefit of redeeming stockholders or non-redeeming stockholders and new purchasers of our common stock, depending on whether our published NAV per share for such class is higher or lower than the adjusted value of our NAV after material events have been considered. Any such adjustments are estimates of the market impact of material events to the appraised value of the property, based on assumptions and judgments that may or may not prove to be correct, and may also be based on limited information readily available at that time. As part of the oversight by our board of directors, on a periodic basis the Independent Valuation Firm provides our board of directors with reports on its valuation activity.
The primary methodology used to value properties is the income approach, whereby value is derived by determining the present value of an asset’s stream of future cash flows (for example, discounted cash flow analysis). Consistent with industry practices, the income approach incorporates subjective judgments regarding comparable rental and operating expense data, the capitalization or discount rate, and projections of future rent and expenses based on appropriate evidence. Other methodologies that may also be used to value properties include sales comparisons and replacement cost approaches. Because the property valuations involve significant professional judgment in the application of both observable and unobservable attributes, the calculated value of our real property assets may differ from their actual realizable value or future appraised value. Our real estate portfolio valuation may not reflect the liquidation value or net realizable value of our properties because the valuations performed by the Independent Valuation Firm involve subjective judgments and do not reflect any transaction costs the Company might incur to dispose of our real estate assets. However, as discussed below, in some circumstances such as when an asset is anticipated to be acquired or disposed, we may apply a probability-weighted analysis to factor in a portion of potential transaction costs in our NAV calculation.
In conducting its investigation and analyses, our Independent Valuation Firm takes into account customary and accepted financial and commercial procedures and considerations as it deems relevant, which may include, without limitation, the review of documents, materials and information relevant to valuing the property that are provided by us or our Advisor. Although our Independent Valuation Firm may review information supplied or otherwise made available by us or our Advisor for reasonableness, it assumes and relies upon the accuracy and completeness of all such information and of all information supplied or otherwise made available to it by any other party and does not undertake any duty or responsibility to verify independently any of such information. With respect to operating or financial forecasts and other information and data to be provided to or otherwise to be reviewed by or discussed with our Independent Valuation Firm, our Independent Valuation Firm assumes that such forecasts and other information and data were reasonably prepared in good faith on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of our management, board of directors and Advisor, and relies upon us to advise our Independent Valuation Firm promptly if any material information previously provided becomes inaccurate or was required to be updated during the period of its review.
In performing its analyses, our Independent Valuation Firm makes numerous other assumptions with respect to industry performance, general business, economic and regulatory conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond its control and our control, as well as certain factual matters. For example, unless specifically informed to the contrary, our
Independent Valuation Firm assumes that we have clear and marketable title to each real estate property valued, that no title defects exist, that improvements were made in accordance with law, that no hazardous materials are present or were present previously, that no deed restrictions exist, and that no changes to zoning ordinances or regulations governing use, density or shape are pending or being considered. Furthermore, our Independent Valuation Firm’s analysis, opinions and conclusions are based upon market, economic, financial and other circumstances and conditions existing at or prior to the valuation, and any material change in such circumstances and conditions may affect our Independent Valuation Firm’s analysis, opinions and conclusions. Our Independent Valuation Firm’s appraisal reports may contain other assumptions, qualifications and limitations set forth in the respective appraisal reports that qualify the analysis, opinions and conclusions set forth therein.
The analyses performed by our Independent Valuation Firm do not address the market value of our common stock. Furthermore, the prices at which our real estate properties may actually be sold could differ from our Independent Valuation Firm’s analyses. Our Independent Valuation Firm’s valuation reports are not addressed to the public and may not be relied upon by any other person to establish an estimated value of our common stock and will not constitute a recommendation to any person to purchase or sell any shares of our common stock. In preparing its valuation reports, our Independent Valuation Firm does not solicit third-party indications of interest for our common stock in connection with possible purchases thereof or the acquisition of all or any part of our company.
Property Appraisals
Periodic real property appraisals serve as the foundation of the Independent Valuation Firm’s monthly real property portfolio valuation. The overarching principle of these appraisals is to produce valuations that represent fair and accurate estimates of the unencumbered values of our real estate or the prices that would be received for our real properties in arm’s-length transactions between market participants before considering underlying debt. The valuation of our real properties determined by the Independent Valuation Firm may not always reflect the value at which we would agree to buy or sell such assets and the value at which we would buy or sell such assets could materially differ from the Independent Valuation Firm’s estimate of fair value. Further, we do not undertake to disclose the value at which we would be willing to buy or sell our real properties to any prospective or existing investor. Each individual appraisal report for our assets is addressed solely to our company to assist the Independent Valuation Firm in providing our real property portfolio valuation.
We obtain ongoing appraisals pursuant to schedules prepared by the Independent Valuation Firm and our Advisor that are designed to conduct appraisals on each of our properties throughout any given calendar year. In order to provide a smooth and orderly appraisal process, we seek to have approximately 1/12th of the portfolio appraised by a third party each month, although we may have more or less appraised in a month. In no event will a calendar year pass without having each and every property valued by appraisal unless such asset is bought or sold in such calendar year. The acquisition price of newly acquired properties will serve as our appraised value for the calendar year of acquisition, and thereafter will be part of the appraisal cycle described above such that they are appraised at least every calendar year.
Appraisals are performed in accordance with the Code of Ethics and the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices, or USPAP, the real estate appraisal industry standards created by The Appraisal Foundation. Each appraisal must be reviewed, approved and signed by an individual with the professional designation of MAI (Member of the Appraisal Institute). The Independent Valuation Firm is involved with the appraisal process, but we have engaged other independent valuation firms (“Appraisal Firms”) to provide appraisals for our properties. The Independent Valuation Firm confirms the reasonableness of the appraisal before reflecting any valuation change in its valuation of our real property portfolio. Real estate appraisals are reported on a free-and-clear basis (for example, no mortgage), irrespective of any property-level financing that may be in place. Such property-level financings ultimately are factored in and do reduce our NAV in a manner described in more detail below.
Portfolio Assets, Joint Ventures and Developments
Properties purchased or operated as a portfolio or held in a joint venture that acquires properties over time may be valued as a single asset, which may result in a different value than if they were valued as individual assets. Investments in joint ventures that hold properties are valued by the Independent Valuation Firm in a manner that is consistent with the procedures described above and approved by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, with the agreed approach taking into account the size of our investment in the joint venture, the assets owned by the joint venture, the terms of the joint venture including any promotional interests, and other relevant factors. Development assets, if any, will be valued at estimated fair value and will join the appraisal cycle upon the earlier of stabilization or 12 months from substantial completion. Factors such as status of land entitlements, permitting and jurisdictional approvals are considered when determining the fair value of development and value-add assets.
Valuation of Real Estate-Related Assets
Real estate-related assets that we own or may acquire include, among other things, debt and equity interests backed principally by real estate, such as mortgage loans, participations in mortgage loans (i.e., A-Notes and B-Notes), mezzanine loans and publicly traded common and preferred stock of real estate companies. Real estate-related assets are included in the determination of our NAV based on their respective estimated fair values generally using widely accepted valuation methodologies. Pursuant to our valuation procedures, our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, approves the pricing sources of our real estate-related assets, which may include third parties or our Advisor or its affiliates. A third-party pricing source may, under certain circumstances, be our Independent Valuation Firm, subject to its acceptance of the additional engagement.
Mortgage Loans, Participations in Mortgage Loans and Mezzanine Loans
Individual investments in mortgages, mortgage participations and mezzanine loans are included in our determination of NAV based on estimated fair value. Such estimates of fair value are prepared by our Advisor and confirmed by the Independent Valuation Firm.
Private Real Estate-Related Assets
Investments in privately placed debt instruments and securities of real estate-related operating businesses (other than joint ventures), such as real estate development or management companies, are valued at estimated fair value. In evaluating the value of our interests in certain commingled investment vehicles (such as private real estate funds), values periodically assigned to such interests by the respective issuers or broker-dealers may be relied upon.
Publicly Traded Real Estate-Related Assets
Publicly traded debt and equity real estate-related securities (such as REIT bonds) that are not restricted as to salability or transferability are valued monthly on the basis of publicly available information. Generally, to the extent the information is available, such securities are valued at the last trade of such securities that was executed at or prior to closing on the valuation day or, in the absence of such trade, the last “bid” price. Market quotations may be obtained from third-party pricing service providers or broker-dealers. The value of publicly traded debt and equity real estate-related securities that are restricted as to salability or transferability may be adjusted by the pricing source for a liquidity discount. In determining the amount of such discount, consideration will be given to the nature and length of such restriction and the relative volatility of the market price of the security.
Valuation of Other Assets
Other assets include, but may not be limited to, derivatives, credit rated government and corporate debt securities, publicly traded equity securities, cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Estimates of the fair values of other assets are determined using widely accepted methodologies and, where available, on the basis of publicly available information. Subject to the board of directors’ approval, pricing sources may include third parties or the Advisor or its affiliates.
Valuation of Liabilities
We will include an estimate of the fair value of our liabilities as part of our NAV calculation. These liabilities will include, but may not be limited to, fees and reimbursements payable to the Advisor and its affiliates, accounts payable and accrued expenses, property-level mortgages, corporate-level credit facilities and other liabilities. Pursuant to our valuation procedures, our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, approves the pricing sources of our liabilities which may include third parties or our Advisor or its affiliates.
Estimates of fair value for property-level mortgages and corporate-level credit facilities, will be prepared by our Advisor and confirmed by the Independent Valuation Firm. Costs and expenses incurred to secure such financings are amortized over the life of the applicable loan. Unless costs can be specifically identified, we allocate the financing costs and expenses incurred with obtaining multiple loans that are not directly related to any single loan among the applicable loans, generally pro rata based on the amount of proceeds from each loan.
Under applicable GAAP, we record liabilities for distribution fees that we (i) currently owe Black Creek Capital Markets, LLC (the “Dealer Manager”) under the terms of our dealer manager agreement and (ii) for an estimate that we may pay to our Dealer Manager in future periods. However, we do not deduct the liability for estimated future distribution fees in our calculation of NAV since we intend for our NAV to reflect our estimated value on the date that we determine our NAV. Accordingly, our estimated NAV at any given time should not include consideration of any estimated future distribution fees that may become payable after such date.
Valuation of Assets and Liabilities Associated with the DST Program
We have initiated a program (the “DST Program”) to raise capital in private placements through the sale of beneficial interests in specific Delaware statutory trusts holding real properties (each a “BCX Property” and collectively, the “BCX Properties”). BCX Properties may be sourced from properties currently indirectly owned by our operating partnership, Black Creek Diversified Property Operating Partnership LP (the “Operating Partnership”), or may be newly acquired. Pursuant to the DST Program, we, through a subsidiary of our Operating Partnership, hold a long-term leasehold interest in each BCX Property pursuant to a master lease that is guaranteed by the Operating Partnership, while third-party investors own the BCX Property through a Delaware statutory trust. Under the master lease, the Operating Partnership acts as a landlord to the occupying tenants and is responsible for subleasing the BCX Property to occupying tenants, which means that we bear the risk that the underlying cash flow from the BCX Property may be less than the master lease payments. Additionally, the Operating Partnership will retain a fair market value purchase option giving it the right, but not the obligation, to acquire the beneficial interests in the Delaware statutory trusts from the investors at a later time in exchange for units in the Operating Partnership (the “FMV Option”).
Due to our continuing involvement with the BCX Properties through the master lease and the FMV Option, we include BCX Properties in our determination of NAV at fair market value in the same manner as described under “Valuation of Real Estate Related Assets”. In addition, the cash received or a loan made in exchange for the sale of interests in a BCX Property will be valued as assets and shall initially equal the value of the real estate subject to the master lease, which will be valued as a liability. Accordingly, the sale of interests in a BCX Property has no initial net effect to our NAV. Thereafter, the Independent Valuation Firm will value the real estate subject to the master lease liability quarterly using a discounted cash flow methodology. Therefore, any differences between the fair value of the underlying real estate and the fair value of the real estate subject to the master lease obligations will accrue into our NAV quarterly. The Advisor will value any loan assets used to purchase interests in the DST Program using the same methodology used to value our other debt investments, with such values confirmed by the Independent Valuation Firm.
NAV and NAV per Share Calculation
Our NAV per share is calculated as of the last calendar day of each month for each of our outstanding classes of stock and is available generally within 15 calendar days after the end of the applicable month. Our NAV per share is calculated by ALPS Fund Services Inc. (the “Administrator”), a third-party firm approved by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors. Our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may replace the Administrator, the Independent Valuation Firm, or any other party involved in our valuation procedures with another party, including our Advisor, if it is deemed appropriate to do so.
Each month, before taking into consideration accrued dividends or class-specific fee accruals, any change in the aggregate NAV of our Fund Interests (the “Aggregate Fund NAV”) (whether an increase or decrease) from the prior month is allocated among each class of Fund Interest (i.e., our outstanding shares, along with any classes of OP Units (defined below) held by third parties) based on each class’s relative percentage of the previous Aggregate Fund NAV. Changes in the Aggregate Fund NAV reflect factors including, but not limited to, unrealized/realized gains (losses) on the value of our real property portfolio, real estate-related assets and liabilities, and monthly accruals for income and expenses (including accruals for performance based fees, if any, asset management fees and the distribution fee) and distributions to investors.
Our most significant source of net income is property income. For purposes of determining our NAV, we include all property and corporate-level income and expenses for the applicable month. Inherent in these amounts is the use of estimates, and such estimates are reconciled against actual results when available, with any variances incorporated into the following month’s NAV. For the purpose of calculating our NAV, all organization and offering costs reduce NAV as part of our corporate-level expenses.
Following the calculation and allocation of changes in the Aggregate Fund NAV as described above, NAV for each class is adjusted for accrued dividends and ongoing distribution fees that are currently payable, to determine the monthly NAV. Ongoing distribution fees are allocated on a class-specific basis and borne by all holders of the applicable class. These class-specific fees may differ for each class, even when the NAV of each class is the same. We normally expect that the allocation of ongoing distribution fees on a class-specific basis will result in different amounts of distributions being paid with respect to each class of shares. However, if no distributions are authorized for a certain period, or if they are authorized in an amount less than the allocation of class-specific fees with respect to such period, then pursuant to these valuation procedures, the class-specific fee allocations may lower the NAV of a share class. Therefore, as a result of the different ongoing fees allocable to each share class, each share class could have a different NAV per share. If the NAV of our classes are different, then changes to our assets and liabilities that are allocable based on NAV may also be different for each class.
Because the purchase price of shares in the primary offering is equal to the transaction price, which generally equals the most recently disclosed monthly NAV per share, plus the upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees, which are effectively paid by purchasers of shares at the time of purchase, the upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees have no effect on the NAV of any class.
NAV per share for each class is calculated by dividing such class’s NAV at the end of each month by the number of shares outstanding for that class on such day.
Probability-Weighted Adjustments
In certain circumstances, such as in an acquisition or disposition process, we may be aware of a contingency or contingencies that could impact the value of our assets, liabilities, income or expenses for purposes of our NAV calculation. For example, we may be party to an agreement to sell a property at a value different from that used in our current NAV calculation. The same agreement may require the buyer to assume a related mortgage loan with a fair value that is different from that used in our current NAV calculation. The transaction may also involve costs for brokers, transfer taxes, and other items upon a successful closing. To the extent such contingencies may affect the value of a property, the Independent Valuation Firm may take such contingencies into account when determining the value of such property for purposes of our NAV calculation. Similarly, we may adjust the other components of our NAV (such as the carrying value of our liabilities or expense accruals) for purposes of our NAV calculation. These adjustments may be made either in whole or in part over a period of time, and both the Independent Valuation Firm and we may take into account (a) the estimated probability of the contingencies occurring and (b) the estimated impact to NAV if the contingencies were to occur when determining the timing and magnitude of any adjustments to NAV.
NAV of our Operating Partnership and OP Units
Because certain fees to the Advisor are based on our Aggregate Fund NAV, our valuation procedures include the following methodology to determine the monthly NAV of the Operating Partnership and the partnership units in the Operating Partnership (the “OP Units”). Our Operating Partnership has classes of OP Units that are each economically equivalent to our corresponding classes of shares. Accordingly, on the last day of each month, the NAV per OP Unit equals the NAV per share of the corresponding class. The NAV of our Operating Partnership on the last day of each month equals the sum of the NAVs of each outstanding OP Unit on such day.
Oversight by our Board of Directors
All parties engaged by us in the calculation of our NAV, including the Advisor, are subject to the oversight of our board of directors. As part of this process, our Advisor reviews the estimates of the values of our real property portfolio and real estate-related assets for consistency with our valuation guidelines and the overall reasonableness of the valuation conclusions, and informs our board of directors of its conclusions. Although our Independent Valuation Firm or other pricing sources may consider any comments received from us or our Advisor in making their individual valuations, the final estimated values of our real property portfolio and real estate-related assets are determined by the Independent Valuation Firm or other pricing sources, as applicable.
Our Independent Valuation Firm is available to meet with our board of directors to review valuation information, as well as our valuation guidelines and the operation and results of the valuation process generally. Our board of directors has the right to engage additional valuation firms and pricing sources to review the valuation process or valuations, if deemed appropriate.
Review of and Changes to Our Valuation Procedures
At least once each calendar year our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, reviews the appropriateness of our valuation procedures. With respect to the valuation of our properties, the Independent Valuation Firm provides the board of directors with periodic valuation reports. From time to time our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, may adopt changes to the valuation procedures if it (1) determines that such changes are likely to result in a more accurate reflection of NAV or a more efficient or less costly procedure for the determination of NAV without having a material adverse effect on the accuracy of such determination or (2) otherwise reasonably believes a change is appropriate for the determination of NAV. We will publicly announce material changes to our valuation procedures or the identity or role of the Independent Valuation Firm.
Limitations on the Calculation of NAV
The largest component of our NAV consists of real property investments and, as with any real estate valuation protocol, each property valuation is based on a number of judgments, assumptions or opinions about future events that may or
may not prove to be correct. The use of different judgments, assumptions or opinions would likely result in a different estimate of the value of our real property investments. Although the methodologies contained in the valuation procedures are designed to operate reliably within a wide variety of circumstances, it is possible that in certain unanticipated situations or after the occurrence of certain extraordinary events (such as a terrorist attack or an act of nature), our ability to implement and coordinate our NAV procedures may be impaired or delayed, including in circumstances where there is a delay in accessing or receiving information from vendors or other reporting agents. Further, the NAV per share should not be viewed as being determinative of the value of our common stock that may be received in a sale to a third party or the value at which our stock would trade on a national stock exchange. Our board of directors may suspend our offering and the share redemption program if it determines that the calculation of NAV may be materially incorrect or there is a condition that restricts the valuation of a material portion of our assets.