PROPOSAL NO. 3
AMENDMENT TO ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC. 2009 STOCK OPTION PLAN TO INCREASE NUMBER OF SHARES
The Board of Directors believes that the future success of Zoom depends, in large part, upon the ability of Zoom to attract, retain and motivate key employees and that the granting of stock options serves as an important factor in doing this. In addition, the Board of Directors believes it is important to have a pool of options available for issuance in the event Zoom considers potential acquisitions. On March 27, 2013, Zoom’s Board of Directors approved, subject to stockholder approval, an amendment to the Zoom Telephonics, Inc. Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”), to increase the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2009 Plan from 2,500,000 to 5,500,000 shares. As of April 30, 2013 there were 25,000 shares remaining available for issuance under the Plan.
The Board of Directors believes the current number of shares remaining available for issuance under the Plan is insufficient. Based on the Company’s current rate of option grants, the Board of Directors believes the existing share reserve will be exhausted shortly. Without the ability to provide equity compensation, the Company may be unable to attract and retain key employees. If this proposal is approved, the Company intends to continue to provide equity incentives to existing key employees as well to future employees. If this proposal is approved, the Company expects to have sufficient shares available under the Plan for the next 3 years, approximately.
The proposed increase of 3,000,000 shares was determined by comparing the Company’s past option grants to key employees and new employees to its current hiring and retention plan. The proposed increase in the number of shares reserved from 2,500,000 to 5,500,000 would increase the Company’s overhang from 26% to 44%. The Company’s burn rate, net of forfeited and expired shares, has averaged 14% over the past three fiscal years.
The Board of Directors believes that the increase in the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan is in the best interests of the Company and recommends a vote for this proposal.
Summary of the 2009 Stock Option Plan
The following summary of the 2009 Stock Option Plan is qualified in its entirety by reference to the 2009 Stock Option Plan, a copy of which is attached as Appendix B to this Proxy Statement.
The purpose of the 2009 Stock Option Plan is to advance the interests of Zoom by encouraging equity participation in Zoom by directors (excluding non-employee directors), officers, employees and certain consultants through the acquisition of shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of options granted under the 2009 Stock Option Plan.
The 2009 Stock Option Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”), which is a committee consisting of three non-employee directors designated by the Board of Directors. The members of the Committee are not eligible to receive options under the 2009 Stock Option Plan. The Committee determines the persons to whom stock options are granted, the number of shares covered by the options, the term of any option and the time during which any option is exercisable.
The 2009 Stock Option Plan authorizes the grant of options to purchase Common Stock intended to qualify as incentive stock options (“Incentive Options”), as defined in Section 422 of the Code, and the grant of non-statutory stock options. The exercise price of options granted under the 2009 Stock Option Plan will be determined by the Committee but must be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. The exercise price of Incentive Options granted to an optionee who owns stock possessing more than 10% of the voting power of Zoom’s outstanding capital stock must equal at least 110% of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. The fair market value of the Common Stock as of April 29, 2013 was $0.30.
Subject to the earlier termination of an option in the event of termination of employment, death or disability, as described below, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, at the time of the grant of an option, specify a particular time period during which the optionee must exercise its option and the number of options which may be exercised during such designated time period; provided, however, that no option may expire more than ten (10) years from the date of grant. The Committee may accelerate the exercisability of any outstanding options in its discretion. In addition, the Committee may provide in an option agreement that the optionee may elect to exercise an option before it would otherwise become exercisable. Any shares of Common Stock so purchased shall be considered restricted shares and shall be subject to Zoom’s right of repurchase during a specified restricted period.
The Committee shall determine the manner of payment of the exercise price in its sole discretion. In order to assist an optionee in the acquisition of shares of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of an option granted under the 2009 Stock Option Plan, the Committee may authorize payment of the exercise price in cash, by delivery of shares of Common Stock having a fair market value equal to the purchase price of the shares, or a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock.
The Committee shall determine the term of each option, which term shall not exceed ten (10) years from the date of grant. In addition, the term of any Incentive Option granted to an optionee who owns stock possessing more than 10% of the voting power of Zoom’s outstanding capital stock may not exceed five (5) years from the date of grant.
All employees of Zoom or an affiliate of Zoom, including Board members who are also employees, and certain consultants are eligible to receive options under the 2009 Stock Option Plan. As of April 30, 2013, approximately 30 persons were eligible to participate in the 2009 Stock Option Plan.
Other than with respect to certain limited transfers for estate planning purposes, options granted under the 2009 Stock Option Plan may not be transferred.
In the event an option holder ceases to be an eligible employee or consultant of Zoom for any reason other than death or disability or a termination for cause, the holder’s options will terminate three (3) months following the date of termination of employment or service. In the event an option holder ceases to be an eligible employee or consultant of Zoom due to a termination for cause, the holder’s option will terminate as of the date of such termination for cause. In the event an option holder ceases to be an eligible employee or consultant of Zoom as a result of death or disability, the holder’s options will terminate one year after the date of the holder’s termination of employment or service due to death or disability. In no case may such option be extended past its specified expiration date.
In the event that any option granted under the 2009 Stock Option Plan shall expire, terminate or be cancelled for any reason without having been exercised in full, or shall cease for any reason to be exercisable in whole or in part, the unpurchased shares subject to such option shall be available for subsequent option grants.
As of April 30, 2013, options to purchase an aggregate of 2,475,000 shares of Common Stock were outstanding under the 2009 Stock Option Plan.
The Board of Directors may amend or terminate the 2009 Stock Option Plan; provided, however, that the Board may not without stockholder approval make any alteration in which stockholder approval is required in order to comply with the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 or applicable laws or stock exchange requirements.
New Plan Benefits
Zoom is unable to determine the dollar value and number of stock awards that may be received by or allocated to (i) any of our named executive officers, (ii) our current executive officers, as a group and (iii) our employees who are not executive officers, as a group, as a result of the approval of the increase in the number of shares available under the 2009 Stock Option Plan because all stock awards are granted by the Compensation Committee on a discretionary basis. No stock awards will be made under the 2009 Stock Option Plan to any current directors who are not executive officers.
Federal Tax Consequences of the 2009 Stock Option Plan
The following summarizes the U.S. federal income tax consequences that generally will arise with respect to awards granted under the 2009 Stock Option Plan. This summary is based on the tax laws in effect as of the date of this proxy statement. This summary assumes that all awards granted under the 2009 Stock Option Plan are exempt from, or comply with, the rules under Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code related to nonqualified deferred compensation. Changes to these laws could alter the tax consequences described below. This discussion is not intended to be a complete discussion of all of the federal income tax consequences of the 2009 Stock Option Plan or of all of the requirements that must be met in order to qualify for the tax treatment described herein. In addition, because tax consequences may vary, and certain exceptions to the general rules discussed herein may be applicable, depending upon the personal circumstances of individual holders of securities, each participant should consider his personal situation and consult with his own tax advisor with respect to the specific tax consequences applicable to him. No information is provided as to state tax laws. The 2009 Stock Option Plan is not qualified under Section 401 of the Code, nor is it subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Incentive Stock Options.
A participant will not have income upon the grant of an incentive stock option. Also, except as described below, a participant will not have income upon exercise of an incentive stock option if the participant has been employed by the Company at all times beginning with the option grant date and ending three months before the date the participant exercises the option. If the participant has not been so employed during that time, then the participant will be taxed as described below under “Nonstatutory Stock Options.” The exercise of an incentive stock option may subject the participant to the alternative minimum tax.
A participant will have income upon the sale of the stock acquired under an incentive stock option at a profit (if sales proceeds exceed the exercise price). The type of income will depend on when the participant sells the stock. If a participant sells the stock more than two years after the option was granted and more than one year after the option was exercised, then all of the profit will be long-term capital gain. If a participant sells the stock prior to satisfying these waiting periods, then the participant will have engaged in a disqualifying disposition and a portion of the profit will be ordinary income and a portion may be capital gain. This capital gain will be long-term if the participant has held the stock for more than one year and otherwise will be short-term. If a participant sells the stock at a loss (sales proceeds are less than the exercise price), then the loss will be a capital loss. This capital loss will be long-term if the participant held the stock for more than one year and otherwise will be short-term.
Nonstatutory Stock Options.
A participant will not have income upon the grant of a nonstatutory stock option. A participant will have compensation income upon the exercise of a nonstatutory stock option equal to the value of the stock on the day the participant exercised the option less the exercise price. Upon sale of the stock, the participant will have capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the sales proceeds and the value of the stock on the day the option was exercised. This capital gain or loss will be long-term if the participant has held the stock for more than one year and otherwise will be short-term.
Tax Consequences to the Company.
There will be no tax consequences to the Company except that the Company will be entitled to a deduction when a participant has compensation income. Any such deduction will be subject to the limitations of Section 162(m) of the Code.
PROXY FOR ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
June 27, 2013
The undersigned stockholder of Zoom Telephonics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), acknowledges receipt of the Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders and Proxy Statement, dated May 10, 2013, and hereby appoints Frank Manning and Kerry Smith, and each of them acting singly, with full power of substitution, attorneys and proxies to represent the undersigned at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company to be held at the offices of the Company, 207 South Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, on Thursday, June 27, 2013 at 10:00 A.M. Eastern time, and at any adjournment or adjournments thereof, with all power which the undersigned would possess if personally present, and to vote all shares of stock which the undersigned may be entitled to vote at said meeting upon the matters set forth in the Notice of Meeting in accordance with the following instructions and with discretionary authority upon such other matters as may come before the meeting. All previous proxies are hereby revoked.
THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. IT WILL BE VOTED AS DIRECTED BY THE UNDERSIGNED AND IF NO DIRECTION IS INDICATED, IT WILL BE VOTED FOR THE ELECTION OF THE NOMINEES AS DIRECTORS, FOR THE OPTION OF AN ANNUAL VOTE AS THE PREFERRED FREQUENCY FOR FUTURE SAY-ON-PAY VOTES AND FOR ALL OTHER PROPOSALS.
Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Material: The Notice of Meeting, proxy statement and proxy card are available at
www.edocumentview.com/ZMTP
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DETACH PROXY CARD HERE
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THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE FOR THE NOMINEES AS DIRECTORS,
FOR THE OPTION OF AN ANNUAL VOTE AS THE PREFERRED FREQUENCY FOR FUTURE SAY-ON-PAY VOTES, AND FOR ALL OTHER PROPOSALS.
1.
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Election of Directors
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FOR ALL NOMINEES
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WITHHOLD AUTHORITY
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except as marked to the contrary below
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to vote for all nominees
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Nominees:
JOSEPH J. DONOVAN, BERNARD FURMAN, PETER R. KRAMER, FRANK B. MANNING, AND J. RONALD WOODS
Vote withheld from the following Nominee(s): ______________________________________________________________________________
Note
: To withhold authority to vote for any individual nominee, write that nominee's name in the space provided above.
2. To ratify the appointment of Marcum LLP as Zoom Telephonic, Inc.’s independent registered public accounting firm for its fiscal year ending December 31, 2013.
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FOR
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AGAINST
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ABSTAIN
3. To approve the amendment to the Zoom Telephonics, Inc. 2009 Stock Option Plan to increase the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance upon exercise of options granted under the Plan from 2,500,000 shares to 5,500,000 shares.
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FOR
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AGAINST
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ABSTAIN
4. To approve the amendment to the Zoom Telephonics, Inc. 2009 Directors Stock Option Plan to increase the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance upon exercise of options granted under the Plan from 400,000 shares to 700,000 shares.
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AGAINST
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ABSTAIN
5. To approve an advisory vote on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers (the “say-on-pay” vote).
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AGAINST
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ABSTAIN
6. To approve an advisory vote on the frequency of holding future say-on-pay votes.
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1 YEAR
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2 YEARS
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3 YEARS
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ABSTAIN
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Signatures should be the same as the name printed hereon. Executors, administrators, trustees, guardians, attorneys, and officers of corporations should add their titles when signing.
Signature: ___________________________________Date:_____________
Signature: ___________________________________Date:_____________
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Please Detach Here
You Must Detach This Portion of the Proxy Card
Before Returning it in the Enclosed Envelope
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Appendix B
ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC.
2009 STOCK OPTION PLAN
Amended April 30, 2013
1.
Purpose and Objectives
The Zoom Telephonics, Inc. 2009 Stock Option Plan (the "Plan") is designed to align the interests of (i) designated employees of Zoom Telephonics, Inc. (the "Company") and its subsidiaries, (ii) employee members of the board of directors of the Company, and (iii) consultants and key advisors of the Company and its subsidiaries with the interests of the Company's stockholders and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company. By extending the opportunity to receive grants of stock options, the Company believes that the Plan will encourage the participants to contribute materially to the growth of the Company, thereby benefiting the Company's shareholders, and will align the economic interests of the participants with those of the shareholders. The Plan may furthermore be expected to benefit the Company and its stockholders by making it possible for the Company to attract and retain the best available talent. The Plan shall be effective as of December 10, 2009.
2.
Definitions
Whenever used in this Plan, the following terms will have the respective meanings set forth below:
(a) "Board" means the Company's Board of Directors.
(b) "Cause" means, except to the extent otherwise specified by the Committee, a finding by the Committee of a Participant's incompetence in the performance of duties, continuing inattention to or neglect of duties and responsibilities, disloyalty, dishonesty, theft, embezzlement, illegal or unethical behavior, acts of moral turpitude, other willful behavior detrimental to the best interest of the Employer, unauthorized disclosure of customer lists, product lines, processes or trade secrets of the Employer, individually or as an employee, partner, associate, officer or director of any organization.
(c) "Change of Control" shall be deemed to have occurred if:
(i) Any "person" (as such term is used in sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) becomes a "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the voting power of the then outstanding securities of the Company; provided that a Change of Control shall not be deemed to occur as a result of a transaction in which the Company becomes a subsidiary of another corporation and in which the shareholders of the Company, immediately prior to the transaction, will beneficially own, immediately after the transaction, shares entitling such shareholders to more than 50% of all votes to which all shareholders of the parent corporation would be entitled in the election of directors;
(ii) The consummation of (i) a merger or consolidation of the Company with another corporation where the shareholders of the Company, immediately prior to the merger or consolidation, will not beneficially own, immediately after the merger or consolidation, shares entitling such shareholders to more than 50% of all votes to which all shareholders of the surviving corporation would be entitled in the election of directors, (ii) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or (iii) a liquidation or dissolution of the Company; or
(d) "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(e) "Committee" means the Compensation Committee of the Board or another committee appointed by the Board to administer the Plan.
(f) "Company" means Zoom Telephonics, Inc. and any successor corporation.
(g) "Company Stock" means the common stock of the Company.
(h) "Consultant" means a consultant or advisor who performs services for the Employer and who renders bona fide services to the Employer, if the services are not in connection with the offer and sale of securities in a capital-raising transaction and the Consultant does not directly or indirectly promote or maintain a market for the Employer's securities.
(i) "Disability" is based on a Participant’s inability to work. The Committee shall consider a Participant disabled if:
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The Participant cannot do work that he or she did before;
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The Committee decides that the Participant cannot adjust to other work because of his or her medical condition(s); and
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The Participant’s disability has lasted or is expected to last for at least one year or to result in death.
(j) "Effective Date" of the Plan means December 10, 2009.
(k) "Employee" means an employee of the Employer (including an officer or director who is also an employee).
(l) "Employer" means the Company and its subsidiaries.
(m) "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(n) "Exercise Price" means the per share price at which shares of Company Stock may be purchased under an Option, as designated by the Committee.
(o) "Fair Market Value" of Company Stock means, unless the Committee determines otherwise with respect to a particular Grant, (i) if the principal trading market for the Company Stock is the NYSE Amex, the NASDAQ Global Market, the NASDAQ Capital Market or another national securities exchange, the "closing transaction" price at which shares of Company Stock are traded on such securities exchange on the relevant date or (if there were no trades on that date) the latest preceding date upon which a sale was reported, (ii) if the Company Stock is not principally traded on a national securities exchange, but is quoted on the NASD OTC Bulletin Board ("OTCBB") or the Pink Sheets, the last reported "closing transaction" price of Company Stock on the relevant date, as reported by the OTCBB or Pink Sheets, or, if not so reported, as reported in a customary financial reporting service, as the Committee determines, or (iii) if the Company Stock is not publicly traded or, if publicly traded, is not subject to reported closing transaction prices as set forth above, the Fair Market Value per share shall be as determined by the Committee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for federal, state and local income tax purposes, the Fair Market Value may be determined by the Committee in accordance with uniform and non-discriminatory standards adopted by it from time to time.
(p) "Grant" means an Option granted under the Plan.
(q) "Grant Agreement" means the written instrument that sets forth the terms and conditions of a Grant, including all amendments thereto.
(r) "Incentive Stock Option" means an Option that is intended to meet the requirements of an incentive stock option under section 422 of the Code.
(s) "Nonqualified Stock Option" means an Option that is not intended to be taxed as an incentive stock option under section 422 of the Code.
(t) "Option" means an option to purchase shares of Company Stock, as described in Section 7.
(u) "Participant" means an Employee or Consultant designated by the Committee to participate in the Plan.
(v) "Plan" means this Zoom Telephonics, Inc. 2009 Stock Option Plan, as in effect from time to time.
3.
Administration
(a)
Committee.
The Plan shall be administered and interpreted by the Committee. Ministerial functions may be performed by an administrative committee comprised of Company employees appointed by the Committee. No member of the Committee or any employee of the Company shall be personally liable for any act taken or omitted in good faith in connection with the Plan.
(b)
Committee Authority.
The Committee shall have the sole authority to (i) determine the Participants to whom Grants shall be made under the Plan, (ii) determine the type, size and terms and conditions of the Grants to be made to each such Participant, (iii) determine the time when the grants will be made and the duration of any applicable exercise or restriction period, including the criteria for exercisability and the acceleration of exercisability, (iv) amend the terms and conditions of any previously issued Grant, subject to the provisions of Section 12 below, and (v) deal with any other matters arising under the Plan.
(c)
Committee Determinations.
The Committee shall have full power and express discretionary authority to administer and interpret the Plan, to make factual determinations and to adopt or amend such rules, regulations, agreements and instruments for implementing the Plan and for the conduct of its business as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion. The Committee's interpretations of the Plan and all determinations made by the Committee pursuant to the powers vested in it hereunder shall be conclusive and binding on all persons having any interest in the Plan or in any awards granted hereunder. All powers of the Committee shall be executed in its sole discretion, in the best interest of the Company, not as a fiduciary, and in keeping with the objectives of the Plan and need not be uniform as to similarly situated Participants.
4.
Grants
(a) Grants under the Plan may consist of Options as described in Section 7. All Grants shall be subject to such terms and conditions as the Committee deems appropriate and as are specified in writing by the Committee to the Participant in the Grant Agreement.
(b) All Grants shall be made conditional upon the Participant's acknowledgement, in writing or by acceptance of the Grant, that all decisions and determinations of the Committee shall be final and binding on the Participant, his or her beneficiaries and any other person having or claiming an interest under such Grant. Grants under a particular Section of the Plan need not be uniform as among the Participants.
5.
Shares Subject to the Plan
(a)
Shares Authorized.
The aggregate number of shares of Company Stock that may be issued under the Plan is 5,500,000 shares, subject to adjustment as described in subsection (c) below.
(b)
Source of Shares; Share Counting.
Shares issued under the Plan may be authorized but unissued shares of Company Stock or reacquired shares of Company Stock, including shares purchased by the Company on the open market for purposes of the Plan. If and to the extent Options granted under the Plan terminate, expire, or are canceled, forfeited, exchanged or surrendered without having been exercised, the shares reserved for such Grants shall again be available for purposes of the Plan.
(c)
Adjustments.
If there is any change in the number or kind of shares of Company Stock outstanding (i) by reason of a stock dividend, spinoff, recapitalization, stock split, or combination or exchange of shares, (ii) by reason of a merger, reorganization or consolidation, or (iii) by reason of a reclassification or change in par value, the maximum number of shares of Company Stock available for issuance under the Plan, the maximum number of shares of Company Stock for which any individual may receive Grants in any year, the number of shares covered by outstanding Grants, the kind of shares issued and to be issued under the Plan, and the price per share or the applicable market value of such Grants may be appropriately adjusted by the Committee to reflect any increase or decrease in the number of, or change in the kind or value of, issued shares of Company Stock to preclude, to the extent practicable, the enlargement or dilution of rights and benefits under such Grants; provided, however, that any fractional shares resulting from such adjustment shall be eliminated. Any adjustments determined by the Committee shall be final, binding and conclusive. To the extent that any Grant is subject to section 409A of the Code, or becomes subject to section 409A of the Code as a result of any adjustment made hereunder, such adjustment shall be made in compliance with section 409A of the Code.
6.
Eligibility for Participation
(a)
Eligible Persons.
All Employees or Consultants shall be eligible to participate in the Plan.
(b)
Selection of Participants.
The Committee shall select the Employees or Consultants to receive Grants and shall determine the number of shares of Company Stock subject to each Grant.
7.
Options
(a)
General Requirements
. The Committee may grant Options to an Employee or Consultant upon such terms and conditions as the Committee deems appropriate under this Section 7. The Committee shall determine the number of shares of Company Stock that will be subject to each Grant of Options to Employees and Consultants.
(b)
Type of Option, Price and Term
(i) The Committee may grant Incentive Stock Options or Nonqualified Stock Options or any combination of the two, all in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth herein. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees of the Company or its parents or subsidiaries, as defined in section 424 of the Code. Nonqualified Stock Options may be granted to Employees or Consultants.
(ii) The Exercise Price of Company Stock subject to an Option shall be determined by the Committee; provided, however, that the Exercise Price for an Option (including Incentive Stock Options or Nonqualified Stock Options) will be equal to, or greater than, the Fair Market Value of a share of Company Stock on the date the Option is granted and further provided that an Incentive Stock Option may not be granted to an Employee who, at the time of grant, owns stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any parent or subsidiary, as defined in section 424 of the Code, unless the Exercise Price per share is not less than 110% of the Fair Market Value of the Company Stock on the date of grant
(iii) The Committee shall determine the term of each Option, which shall not exceed ten years from the date of grant. However, an Incentive Stock Option that is granted to an Employee who, at the time of grant, owns stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any parent or subsidiary, as defined in section 424 of the Code, may not have a term that exceeds five years from the date of grant.
(iv)
To the extent the Company is unable to obtain shareholder approval of the Plan within one year of the Effective Date, any Incentive Stock Options issued pursuant to the Plan shall automatically be considered Nonqualified Stock Options, and to the extent a holder of an Incentive Stock Option exercises his or her Incentive Stock Option prior to such shareholder approval date, such exercised Option shall automatically be considered to have been a Nonqualified Stock Option.
(c)
Exercisability of Options.
(i) Options shall become exercisable in accordance with such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Committee and specified in the Grant Agreement. The Committee may accelerate the exercisability of any or all outstanding Options at any time for any reason.
(ii) The Committee may provide in a Grant Agreement that the Participant may elect to exercise part or all of an Option before it otherwise has become exercisable. Any shares so purchased shall be restricted shares and shall be subject to a repurchase right in favor of the Company during a specified restriction period, with the repurchase price equal to the lesser of (A) the Exercise Price or (B) the Fair Market Value of such shares at the time of repurchase, or such other restrictions as the Committee deems appropriate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent that an Option would otherwise be exempt from section 409A of the Code, the Committee may only include such a provision in a Grant Agreement for such an Option if the inclusion of such a provision will not cause that Option to become subject to section 409A of the Code.
(iii) Options granted to persons who are non-exempt employees under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, may not be exercisable for at least six months after the date of grant (except that such Options may become exercisable, as determined by the Committee, upon the Participant's death, Disability or retirement, or upon a Change of Control or other circumstances permitted by applicable regulations).
(d)
Termination of Employment or Service.
Upon termination of employment or the services of a Participant, an Option may only be exercised as follows:
(i) In the event that a Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer for any reason other than Disability, death, or termination for Cause, any Option which is otherwise exercisable by the Participant shall terminate unless exercised within three months after the date on which the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer (or within such other period of time as may be specified by the Committee), but in any event no later than the date of expiration of the Option term. Except as otherwise provided by the Committee, any of the Participant's Options that are not otherwise exercisable as of the date on which the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer shall terminate as of such date.
(ii) In the event the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer on account of a termination for Cause by the Employer, any Option held by the Participant shall terminate as of the date the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer. In addition, notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section 7, if the Committee determines that the Participant has engaged in conduct that constitutes Cause at any time while the Participant is employed by, or providing service to, the Employer or after the Participant's termination of employment or service, any Option held by the Participant shall immediately terminate and the Participant shall automatically forfeit all shares underlying any exercised portion of an Option for which the Company has not yet delivered the share certificates, upon refund by the Company of the Exercise Price paid by the Participant for such shares. Upon any exercise of an Option, the Company may withhold delivery of share certificates pending resolution of an inquiry that could lead to a finding resulting in a forfeiture.
(iii) In the event the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer on account of the Participant's Disability, any Option which is otherwise exercisable by the Participant shall terminate unless exercised within one year after the date on which the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer (or within such other period of time as may be specified by the Committee), but in any event no later than the date of expiration of the Option term. Except as otherwise provided by the Committee, any of the Participant's Options which are not otherwise exercisable as of the date on which the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer shall terminate as of such date.
(iv) If the Participant dies while employed by, or providing service to, the Employer or while an Option remains outstanding under Section 7(d)(i) or 7(d)(iii) above (or within such other period of time as may be specified by the Committee), any Option that is otherwise exercisable by the Participant shall terminate unless exercised within one year after the date on which the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer (or within such other period of time as may be specified by the Committee), but in any event no later than the date of expiration of the Option term. Except as otherwise provided by the Committee, any of the Participant's Options that are not otherwise exercisable as of the date on which the Participant ceases to be employed by, or provide service to, the Employer shall terminate as of such date.
(e)
Exercise of Options.
A Participant may exercise an Option that has become exercisable, in whole or in part, by delivering a notice of exercise to the Company. The Participant shall pay the Exercise Price for the Option (i) in cash, (ii) if permitted by the Committee, by delivering shares of Company Stock owned by the Participant and having a Fair Market Value on the date of exercise equal to the Exercise Price or by attestation to ownership of shares of Company Stock having an aggregate Fair Market Value on the date of exercise equal to the Exercise Price, (iii) by payment through a broker in accordance with procedures permitted by Regulation T of the Federal Reserve Board, or (iv) by such other method as the Committee may approve. Shares of Company Stock used to exercise an Option shall have been held by the Participant for the requisite period of time to avoid adverse accounting consequences to the Company with respect to the Option. Payment for the shares pursuant to the Option, and any required withholding taxes, must be received by the time specified by the Committee depending on the type of payment being made, but in all cases prior to the issuance of the Company Stock.
(f)
Limits on Incentive Stock Options.
Each Incentive Stock Option shall provide that, if the aggregate Fair Market Value of the stock on the date of the grant with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by a Participant during any calendar year, under the Plan or any other stock option plan of the Company or a parent or subsidiary, as defined in section 424 of the Code, exceeds $100,000, then the Option, as to the excess, shall be treated as a Nonqualified Stock Option. An Incentive Stock Option shall not be granted to any person who is not an Employee of the Company or a parent or subsidiary, as defined in section 424 of the Code.
8.
Withholding of Taxes
(a)
Required Withholding.
All Grants under the Plan shall be subject to applicable federal (including FICA), state and local tax withholding requirements. The Company may require that the Participant or other person receiving or exercising Grants pay to the Company the amount of any federal, state or local taxes that the Company is required to withhold with respect to such Grants, or the Company may deduct from other wages paid by the Company the amount of any withholding taxes due with respect to such Grants.
(b)
Election to Withhold Shares.
If the Committee so permits, a Participant may elect to satisfy the Company's tax withholding obligation with respect to Grants paid in Company Stock by having shares withheld, at the time such Grants become taxable, up to an amount that does not exceed the minimum applicable withholding tax rate for federal (including FICA), state and local tax liabilities. The election must be in a form and manner prescribed by the Committee.
9.
Transferability of Grants
(a)
Restrictions on Transfer.
Except as described in subsection (b) below, only the Participant may exercise rights under a Grant during the Participant's lifetime, and a Participant may not transfer those rights except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. When a Participant dies, the personal representative or other person entitled to succeed to the rights of the Participant may exercise such rights. Any such successor must furnish proof satisfactory to the Company of his or her right to receive the Grant under the Participant's will or under the applicable laws of descent and distribution.
(b)
Transfer of Nonqualified Stock Options to or for Family Members.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may provide in a Grant Agreement that a Participant may transfer Nonqualified Stock Options to family members, or one or more trusts or other entities for the benefit of or owned by family members, consistent with the applicable securities laws, according to such terms as the Committee may determine; provided that the Participant receives no consideration for the transfer of an Option and the transferred Option shall continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable to the Option immediately before the transfer.
10.
Consequences of a Change of Control
In the event of a Change of Control, the Committee may take any one or more of the following actions with respect to any or all outstanding Grants, without the consent of any Participant: (i) the Committee may determine that outstanding Options shall be fully exercisable as of the date of the Change of Control or at such other time or subject to specific conditions as the Committee determines, (ii) the Committee may require that Participants surrender their outstanding Options in exchange for one or more payments by the Company, in cash or Company Stock as determined by the Committee, in an amount equal to the amount by which the then Fair Market Value of the shares of Company Stock subject to the Participant's unexercised Options exceeds the Exercise Price, if any, and on such terms as the Committee determines, (iii) after giving Participants an opportunity to exercise their outstanding Options, the Committee may terminate any or all unexercised Options at such time as the Committee deems appropriate, or (iv) the Committee may determine that Grants that remain outstanding after the Change of Control shall be converted to similar grants of the surviving corporation (or a parent or subsidiary of the surviving corporation). Such acceleration, surrender, termination, settlement or assumption shall take place as of the date of the Change of Control or such other date as the Committee may specify. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent required to comply with section 409A of the Code, a Grant Agreement will include a definition of "Change of Control" that complies with and falls within the definition of "change in control event" set forth in section 409A of the Code and any Internal Revenue Service regulations or other guidance issued thereunder.
11.
Requirements for Issuance of Shares
No Company Stock shall be issued in connection with any Grant hereunder unless and until all legal requirements applicable to the issuance of such Company Stock have been complied with to the satisfaction of the Committee. The Committee shall have the right to condition any Grant made to any Participant hereunder on such Participant's undertaking in writing to comply with such restrictions on his or her subsequent disposition of such shares of Company Stock as the Committee shall deem necessary or advisable, and certificates representing such shares may be legended to reflect any such restrictions. Certificates representing shares of Company Stock issued under the Plan will be subject to such stop-transfer orders and other restrictions as may be required by applicable laws, regulations and interpretations, including any requirement that a legend be placed thereon. No Participant shall have any right as a shareholder with respect to Company Stock covered by a Grant until shares have been issued to the Participant.
12.
Amendment and Termination of the Plan
(a)
Amendment.
The Board may amend or terminate the Plan at any time; provided, however, that the Board shall not amend the Plan without approval of the shareholders of the Company if such approval is required in order to comply with the Code or applicable laws, or to comply with applicable stock exchange requirements. No amendment or termination of this Plan shall, without the consent of the Participant, materially impair any rights or obligations under any Grant previously made to the Participant under the Plan, unless such right has been reserved in the Plan or the Grant Agreement, or except as provided in Section 13(b) below. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, the Board may amend the Plan in such manner as it deems appropriate in the event of a change in applicable law or regulations.
(b)
Termination of Plan.
The Plan shall terminate on the day immediately preceding the tenth anniversary of its Effective Date, unless the Plan is terminated earlier by the Board or is extended by the Board with the approval of the shareholders. The termination of the Plan shall not impair the power and authority of the Committee with respect to an outstanding Grant.
13.
Miscellaneous
(a)
Grants in Connection with Corporate Transactions and Otherwise.
Nothing contained in this Plan shall be construed to (i) limit the right of the Committee to make Grants under this Plan in connection with the acquisition, by purchase, lease, merger, consolidation or otherwise, of the business or assets of any corporation, firm or association, including Grants to employees thereof who become Employees, or for other proper corporate purposes, or (ii) limit the right of the Company to grant stock options or make other stock-based awards outside of this Plan. Without limiting the foregoing, the Committee may make a Grant to an employee of another corporation who becomes an Employee by reason of a corporate merger, consolidation, acquisition of stock or property, reorganization or liquidation involving the Company in substitution for a grant made by such corporation. The terms and conditions of the Grants may vary from the terms and conditions required by the Plan and from those of the substituted stock incentives, as determined by the Committee
(b)
Compliance with Law.
The Plan, the exercise of Options and the obligations of the Company to issue or transfer shares of Company Stock under Grants shall be subject to all applicable laws and to approvals by any governmental or regulatory agency as may be required. With respect to persons subject to section 16 of the Exchange Act, it is the intent of the Company that the Plan and all transactions under the Plan comply with all applicable provisions of Rule 16b-3 or its successors under the Exchange Act. In addition, it is the intent of the Company that Incentive Stock Options comply with the applicable provisions of section 422 of the Code, and that, to the extent applicable, Grants comply with the requirements of section 409A of the Code. To the extent that any legal requirement of section 16 of the Exchange Act or section 422 or 409A of the Code as set forth in the Plan ceases to be required under section 16 of the Exchange Act or section 422 or 409A of the Code, at the Committee’s determination that Plan provision shall cease to apply. The Committee may revoke any Grant if it is contrary to law or modify a Grant to bring it into compliance with any valid and mandatory government regulation. The Committee may also adopt rules regarding the withholding of taxes on payments to Participants. The Committee may, in its sole discretion, agree to limit its authority under this Section.
(c)
Enforceability.
The Plan shall be binding upon and enforceable against the Company and its successors and assigns.
(d)
Funding of the Plan; Limitation on Rights.
This Plan shall be unfunded. The Company shall not be required to establish any special or separate fund or to make any other segregation of assets to assure the payment of any Grants under this Plan. Nothing contained in the Plan and no action taken pursuant hereto shall create or be construed to create a fiduciary relationship between the Company and any Participant or any other person. No Participant or any other person shall under any circumstances acquire any property interest in any specific assets of the Company. To the extent that any person acquires a right to receive payment from the Company hereunder, such right shall be no greater than the right of any unsecured general creditor of the Company.
(e)
Rights of Participants.
Nothing in this Plan shall entitle any Employee or other person to any claim or right to receive a Grant under this Plan. Neither this Plan nor any action taken hereunder shall be construed as giving any individual any rights to be retained by or in the employment or service of the Employer.
(f)
No Fractional Shares.
No fractional shares of Company Stock shall be issued or delivered pursuant to the Plan or any Grant. The Committee shall determine whether cash, other awards or other property shall be issued or paid in lieu of such fractional shares or whether such fractional shares or any rights thereto shall be forfeited or otherwise eliminated.
(g)
Employees Subject to Taxation Outside the United States.
With respect to Participants who are subject to taxation in countries other than the United States, the Committee may make Grants on such terms and conditions as the Committee deems appropriate to comply with the laws of the applicable countries, and the Committee may create such procedures, addenda and subplans and make such modifications as may be necessary or advisable to comply with such laws.
(h)
Governing Law.
The validity, construction, interpretation and effect of the Plan and Grant Agreements issued under the Plan shall be governed and construed by and determined in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to the conflict of laws provisions thereof.
Appendix C
ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC.
2009 DIRECTORS STOCK OPTION PLAN
Article 1- Purpose
This 2009 Directors Stock Option Plan, as amended (the “Plan") is intended to enable Zoom Telephonics, Inc. (the "Company") to attract and retain the services of experienced and knowledgeable Directors for the benefit of the Company and its stockholders by providing them with opportunities to purchase stock in the Company pursuant to the exercise of options.
Article 2 - Administration of the Plan
The Plan shall be administered by the Board of Directors (the "Board") of the Company. The Board may from time to time adopt such rules and regulations for carrying out the Plan as it may determine in its sole discretion. No member of the Board shall be liable with respect to any action or determination made in good faith regarding the Plan or any option granted under it. The Board shall have no discretion with respect to the selection of recipients of grants, or the pricing of stock option grants under the Plan.
Article 3- Eligible Directors
Options shall be granted to each Director of the Company in accordance with Article 5 hereof, except any Director who is a full-time employee or full-time officer of the Company or its subsidiaries shall not be eligible to receive options under the Plan.
Article 4- Stock
The stock subject to the options granted hereunder shall be shares of the Company’s authorized but unissued shares of common stock or shares of common stock reacquired by the Company including shares purchased in the open market ("Common Stock"). The maximum number of shares which are hereby reserved for issuance and may be issued pursuant to this Plan is 700,000, subject to adjustment as provided in Article 13. In the event any option granted under the Plan shall expire, terminate or be cancelled for any reason without having been exercised in full, or shall cease for any reason to be exercisable in whole or in part, the unpurchased shares subject thereto, to the extent the option ceases to be exercisable, shall again be available under the Plan.
Article 5- Grant of Option
Each eligible Director shall be eligible to receive such option grants as approved by the Board and set forth in an option agreement between the Company and the Director, which agreement will set forth the vesting, if any, and expiration date of the options granted. The price per share of each option granted hereunder shall be determined in accordance with Article 6 hereof. No option shall be granted hereunder to a person who ceases to be a Director prior to the date on which such grant is to be made.
Article 6- Price of Options
The price per share specified in each option granted under the Plan shall be the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the date the option is granted. Fair market value shall mean the closing price per share for the Company’s Common Stock on the primary stock exchange on which the Common Stock is listed, or, if the Common Stock is not listed on a stock exchange, the last sales price per share for the Common Stock on the market quotation system where such shares may from time to time be listed, on the date of the grant, subject to any applicable regulatory rules.
Article 7- Duration of Options
Subject to earlier termination as provided in Articles 9 and 10, each option shall expire 5 years from the date of grant.
Article 8- Restrictions on Exercise of Options
Subject to the provisions of Articles 9 through 12, each option granted under of Article 5 shall become exercisable on the same date set forth in option agreement between the Company and the Director.
Article 9- Termination of Service as a Director
If an optionee ceases to be a Director of the Company for any reason other than death or disability his options shall terminate on the date three months following the date of such cessation (but not later than their specified expiration date).
Article 10- Disability: Death
If an optionee ceases to be a Director as a result of disability, his options shall terminate on the date one year following the date of such cessation (but not later than their specified expiration date). "Disability" is based on your inability to work. The
Board shall consider a Director disabled if:
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The Director cannot do work that he or she did before;
●
The Board decides that the Director cannot adjust to other work because of his or her medical condition(s); and
●
The Director disability has lasted or is expected to last for at least one year or to result in death.
If an optionee dies while a Director or during the three month period referred to in Article 9 or the one year period referred to above in this Article 10, his options may be exercised to the extent they were exercisable on the date of his death, by his estate, or duly appointed representative, or beneficiary who acquires the options by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and each such option shall terminate on the date one year following the date of the optionee's death (but not later than its specified expiration date).
Article 11- Assignability
No option shall be assignable or transferable by the optionee except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and during the lifetime of the optionee each option shall be exercisable only by him.
Article 12- Terms and Conditions of Options
Options shall be evidenced by instruments (which need not be identical) in such forms as the Board may from time to time approve. Such instruments shall conform to the terms and conditions set forth in Articles 6 through 11. The Company shall not be obligated to deliver any shares unless and until, in the opinion of the Company's counsel, all applicable United States, and state laws and regulations have been complied with, nor, in the event the outstanding common stock is at the time listed upon any stock exchange, unless and until the shares to be delivered have been listed, if necessary, or authorized to be added to the list upon official notice of issuance, upon such exchange, nor unless and until all other legal matters in connection with the issuance and delivery of shares have been approved by the Company's counsel. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company may require from the optionee such investment representation or such agreement, if any, as counsel for the Company may consider necessary in order to comply with the Securities Act of 1933. The Company shall use its best efforts to effect any such compliance and listing, and the optionee shall take any action reasonably requested by the Company in such regard.
Article 13- Adjustments
Upon the happening of any of the following described events, an optionee's rights under options granted hereunder shall be adjusted as hereinafter provided:
in the event shares of Common Stock of the Company shall be subdivided or combined into a greater or smaller number of shares or if, upon a merger, consolidation, reorganization, split-up, liquidation, combination, recapitalization or the like of the Company, the shares of the Company’s Common Stock shall be exchanged for other securities of the Company or of another corporation, each optionee shall be entitled to purchase, subject to the terms and conditions herein stated and to the terms and conditions of each individual option, such number of shares of Common Stock or amount of other securities of the Company or such other corporation as were exchangeable for the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company which such optionee would have been entitled to purchase except for such action, and appropriate adjustments shall be made in the purchase price per share to reflect such subdivision, combination, or exchange; and
in the event the Company shall issue any of its shares as a stock dividend upon or with respect to the shares of stock of the class which shall at the time be subject to option hereunder, each optionee upon exercising such an option shall be entitled to receive (for the purchase price paid upon such exercise) the shares as to which he is exercising his option and, in addition thereto (at no additional cost), such number of shares of the class or classes in which such stock dividend or dividends were declared or paid, and such amount of cash in lieu of fractional shares, as he would have received if he had been the holder of the shares as to which he is exercising his option at all times between the date of the granting of such option and the date of its exercise.
Upon the happening of any of the foregoing events, the class and aggregate number of shares set forth in Article 4 hereof which are reserved for issuance pursuant to the Plan or are subject to options which have heretofore been or may hereafter be granted under the Plan shall also be appropriately adjusted to reflect the events specified in paragraphs A and B above.
In the event of a Change of Control, the Board may take any one or more of the following actions with respect to any or all outstanding option grants, without the consent of any Director: (i) the Board may determine that outstanding options shall be fully exercisable as of the date of the Change of Control or at such other time or subject to specific conditions as the Board determines, (ii) the Board may require that Directors surrender their outstanding options in exchange for one or more payments by the Company, in cash or Common Stock as determined by the Board, in an amount equal to the amount by which the then fair market value (as set forth in Article 6) of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Director’s unexercised options exceeds the exercise price, and on such terms as the Board determines, (iii) after giving Directors an opportunity to exercise their outstanding options, the Board may terminate any or all unexercised options at such time as the Board deems appropriate, or (iv) the Board may determine that option grants that remain outstanding after the Change of Control shall be converted to similar grants of the surviving corporation (or a parent or subsidiary of the surviving corporation). Such acceleration, surrender, termination, settlement or assumption shall take place as of the date of the Change of Control or such other date as the Board may specify.
"Change of Control" shall be deemed to have occurred if:
(i) Any "person" (as such term is used in sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) becomes a "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the voting power of the then outstanding securities of the Company; provided that a Change of Control shall not be deemed to occur as a result of a transaction in which the Company becomes a subsidiary of another corporation and in which the shareholders of the Company, immediately prior to the transaction, will beneficially own, immediately after the transaction, shares entitling such shareholders to more than 50% of all votes to which all shareholders of the parent corporation would be entitled in the election of directors; or
(ii) The consummation of (i) a merger or consolidation of the Company with another corporation where the shareholders of the Company, immediately prior to the merger or consolidation, will not beneficially own, immediately after the merger or consolidation, shares entitling such shareholders to more than 50% of all votes to which all shareholders of the surviving corporation would be entitled in the election of directors, (ii) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or (iii) a liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Article 14- Exercise of Options
An optionee shall exercise an option (or any part or installment thereof) by giving written notice to the Company at its principal office address, identifying the option being exercised, specifying the number of shares as to which such option is being exercised and accompanied by fully payment of the option Price therefor either (1) in US dollars, in cash or by certified check or bank draft (including by payment through a broker in accordance with applicable law), or (2) if permitted by the Board, in Common Stock of the Company owned by the optionee having a fair market value (as determined by the Board as of the date immediately preceding the date on which the option is exercised and in accordance with all applicable laws and all applicable rules and policies of relevant securities regulatory authorities) equal to, or a fraction of a share less than, such purchase price (and if such shares of Common Stock are equal to a fraction of a share less than such purchase price, then the option shall pay any balance remaining in cash), or (3) in a combination of such Common Stock (as described above) and cash, certified check or bank draft. However if the optionee desires to tender Common Stock in payment of any part of the option Price as contemplated in (2) or (3) above, the optionee, before giving notice of exercise as aforesaid, shall first give written notice (addressed to the principal office of the Company specifying the number of shares which the optionee wishes to tender) that the optionee proposes to tender Common Stock in order to exercise his option. The Board shall notify the optionee whether the proposed tender is acceptable to the Board within ten days of receipt of notice of the proposed tender. The acceptance of any tender of Common Stock by an optionee pursuant to (2) or (3) in payment of the option Price shall be subject to the absolute discretion of the Board, who may only accept the tender of such Common Stock in accordance with, and subject to the requirements of, all applicable laws and all applicable rules and policies of relevant securities regulatory authorities. If the proposed tender is acceptable, the optionee must then give written notice of the exercise of his option as aforesaid within five days of receipt of notice of the Board that the proposed tender is acceptable. If the proposed tender is not acceptable and the optionee, at that time, still desires to exercise this option, he may do so by giving written notice of exercise of his option as aforesaid and paying the option Price in cash or by certified check or bank draft.
Unless the Board otherwise determines, the holder of an option shall have no rights as a shareholder with respect to the shares issued upon exercise of the option until the date of issuance of the certificate for those shares to him. Unless the Board otherwise determines, no adjustment will be made for dividends or similar rights for which the record date occurs after the exercise of the option but before the date such certificates for shares is issued. In no case may a fraction of a share be purchased or issued under the Plan.
Article 15- Termination and Amendments to Plan
The Plan shall expire on December 1, 2019 (except as to options outstanding on that date). The Board may terminate or amend the Plan in any respect at any time, except that, without the approval of the stockholders (a) the total number of shares that may be issued under the Plan may not be increased (except by adjustment pursuant to Article 13); (b) the provisions of Article 3, regarding eligibility, may not be modified; (c) the provisions of Article 5, relating to the grants of options, may not be modified; (d) the provisions of Article 6, regarding the exercise price at which shares may be offered pursuant to options, may not be modified (except by adjustment pursuant to Article 13); and (e) the expiration date of the Plan may not be extended. No action of the Board or stockholders may, without the consent of an optionee, substantially impair his rights under any option previously granted to him.
Article 16- Governmental Regulations
The Plan and the grant and exercise of options thereunder, and the Company’s obligation to sell and deliver shares of the Company’s Common Stock under such options, shall be subject to all applicable laws (including tax laws), rules and regulations.
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December 10, 2009
Amended on April 30, 2013
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A true copy.
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By:
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e://Frank Manning
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Frank B. Manning
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