UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-KSB
     
þ   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006
OR
     
o   TRANSACTION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM            TO
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 333-130606
KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC.
(Exact Name of Small Business Issuer as Specified in Its Charter)
     
NEVADA   20-3240178
(State or Other Jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation Organization)   Identification No.)
     
1140 Avenida Acaso, Camarillo, California   93012
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)
Issuer’s telephone number, including area code: (805) 389-3499
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: NONE
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: NONE
Indicate by check mark whether the issuer is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the issuer (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark that disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-B is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of issuer’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any amendment to this Form 10-KSB. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the issuer is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No þ
State issuer’s revenues for the most recent fiscal year approximately $0
The aggregate market value of the voting and nonvoting common stock held by non-affiliates of the issuer, computed by reference to the price at which the common stock was sold, as of March 15, 2007 was approximately $59,826,146 (All officers and directors of the issuer are considered affiliates).
At March 15, 2007 the issuer had 52,532,202 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Transitional Small Business Format (check one): Yes o No þ
 
 

 

 


 

(KREIDO BIOFUELS LOGO)
FORM 10-KSB ANNUAL REPORT
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
                 
Item         Page  
       
 
       

PART I
       
 
       
1.       1  
       
 
       
2.       27  
       
 
       
3.       27  
       
 
       
4.       28  
       
 
       

PART II
       
 
       
5.       29  
       
 
       
6.       31  
       
 
       
7.       39  
       
 
       
8.       39  
       
 
       
8A.       39  
       
 
       
8B.       39  
       
 
       

PART III
       
 
       
9.       40  
       
 
       
10.       42  
       
 
       
11.       45  
       
 
       
12.       47  
       
 
       
13.       50  
       
 
       
14.       52  
       
 
       

 

 


 

THIS ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-KSB IS BEING FILED ON A VOLUNTARY BASIS AND IS NOT A TRANSITION FILING. THIS FORM 10-KSB IS BEING FILED IN THE INTEREST OF BRINGING CURRENT THE INFORMATION ABOUT KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC. INCLUDING THE AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AT DECEMBER 31, 2006 OF KREIDO LABORATORIES, ITS WHOLLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARY.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. You can generally identify forward-looking statements as statements containing the words “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “assume” or other similar expressions. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this report.
As used in this report, the terms “we,” “us,” and “our,” mean Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and our subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated.
PART I
Item 1. BUSINESS
History
Kreido Biofuels, Inc. was incorporated as Gemwood Productions, Inc. under the laws of the State of Nevada on February 7, 2005. We changed our name from Gemwood Productions, Inc. to Kreido Biofuels, Inc. on November 2, 2006. Kreido Laboratories or Kreido Labs, our wholly-owned subsidiary, was incorporated under the laws of the State of California on January 13, 1995.
We took our current form on January 12, 2007, when our wholly-owned subsidiary, Kreido Acquisition Corp., or Acquisition Sub, and Kreido Labs executed a Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, or the Merger Agreement. On January 12, 2007, Acquisition Sub merged with and into Kreido Labs, with Kreido Labs remaining as the surviving corporation and as our wholly-owned subsidiary, the Merger. The holders of Kreido Labs’ issued and outstanding capital stock before the Merger surrendered all of their issued and outstanding capital stock of Kreido Labs and received 25,263,683 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share. Our stockholders before the Merger retained 8,750,000 shares of our common stock. In addition, all of the issued and outstanding options to purchase shares of Kreido Labs’ common stock that were issued under Kreido Labs’ 1997 Stock Compensation Program were exchanged for options to acquire shares of our common stock. Further, holders of warrants to acquire shares of Kreido Labs’ common stock were issued new warrants to acquire shares of our common stock. Substantially all of the warrants were subsequently converted into shares of our common stock.
The Merger was treated as a recapitalization of our company for accounting purposes. Our historical financial statements before the Merger were replaced with the historical financial statements of Kreido Labs in all filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, subsequent to January 12, 2007. The offering provided net proceeds of approximately $23.9 million and cancellation of indebtedness of approximately $250,000.
Concurrently with the closing of the Merger, we consummated a private offering of 18,518,519 units of our securities, the Units, at a purchase price of $1.35 per Unit. Each Unit consisted of one share of our common stock and a warrant to acquire one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.85 per share. The warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from January 12, 2007.
In November and December 2006, to facilitate the completion of the Merger and to enable Kreido Labs to meet specific working capital needs, certain Kreido Labs stockholders provided bridge financing to Kreido Labs. The bridge financing was evidenced by unsecured promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $370,000, which were scheduled to mature on January 10, 2007 and bore no interest. The holders of bridge notes that were issued in November agreed to convert their notes into Units in our private offering at the rate of one Unit for each $1.35 of the principal amount of their notes. The holders of notes issued in December 2006 were paid in full on January 12, 2007 from the proceeds of our private offering.

 

1


 

Also contemporaneously with the closing of the Merger, we split-off another wholly-owned subsidiary, Gemwood Leaseco, Inc., a Nevada corporation, through the sale of all of the outstanding capital stock of Gemwood Leaseco, Inc. As a consequence of the sale of Gemwood Leaseco, Inc., we discontinued all of our business operations which we conducted prior to the closing of the Merger, and spun off all material liabilities existing prior to that date in any way related to our pre-closing business operations. Our primary operations are now those operated by Kreido Labs.
Overview of Business
Kreido Labs was founded in 1995 to develop proprietary technology for building micro-composite materials for electronic applications. We thereafter sought to develop the technology to improve the speed, completeness and efficiency of certain chemical reactions, including esterifications and transesterifications, in the pharmaceutical and special chemical industries. We designed and developed the STT® Reactor which incorporates our patented “spinning tube-in-tube” design configuration to improve the speed and yield of chemical reactions. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the EPA, has been using our STT® Reactor-based technology (see “Our Biodiesel Production Technology” below) in one of its largest laboratories since 2004 to develop and evaluate new chemical processes and optimize protocols for use of the STT® Reactor by public and private entities.
Beginning in the last quarter of 2005, we began to evaluate the advantages of the STT® Reactor specifically for the production of biodiesel. We believe we have developed a lower-cost, higher output system for the production of diesel motor fuel that is derived from vegetable oils rather than petroleum and is classified under industry standards as biodiesel. Our business goal is to commercialize our proprietary equipment system for biodiesel production on an industrial scale and to become one of the leading providers of biodiesel in the United States and elsewhere. In the first quarter of 2006, we decided to focus almost exclusively on the biodiesel industry and began to prepare and execute our current business plan. By executing our business plan we expect to generate revenues over the next few years from multiple sources; first, from operating our own STT® Reactor-based Biodiesel Production Units with an anticipated biodiesel production capacity of approximately 100 million gallons per year, or MMgpy, by the end of 2008 from our three production units; next, and likely after the first production unit is operating, by licensing our STT® Reactor-based technology to others; and, in the longer term, by investing in businesses that will develop or use our STT® Reactor-based technology for production of biodiesel or other products.
Biodiesel Fuel
Biodiesel fuel is a sustainable, renewable transportation fuel with a growing market in the United States and internationally. As an alternative to petrodiesel and other petroleum-based fuels, biodiesel has several advantages, including:
   
extending domestic diesel fuel supplies;
 
   
reducing dependence on foreign crude oil supplies;
 
   
expanding markets for domestic and international agricultural products;
 
   
reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and other gases that are regulated by the EPA; and
 
   
being usable by existing diesel engines, while extending their useful lives.
As a result of the benefits that are expected to be derived from the widespread use of biodiesel, legislation, as well as taxation and public policy, favor and, in some jurisdictions, require the increasing use of biodiesel instead of petrodiesel.
To address the anticipated market demand for biodiesel, we have developed our STT® 30G Biodiesel Production Unit, the STT® Production Unit, a system of chemical processing equipment based on our patented highly efficient fluid dynamics-based process. This process permits accelerated rates of transesterification and increased yields over shortened production cycles, among other advantages. Our STT® Reactor-based technology, as applied to the production of biodiesel, is the subject of five issued U.S. patents (plus one pending application for U.S. patents), as well as international counterparts for most of these patents and applications. These issued patents expire between 2011 and 2023. See “Business — Licensing and Intellectual Property Protection,” and “Risk Factors — Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain protection of our intellectual property.”

 

2


 

Our STT® Production Unit is made up of four basic components: (1) the feedstock delivery system, (2) our STT® Reactor, (3) the biodiesel/glycerin separator and polishing system, and (4) the methanol recovery system. We expect to manufacture the STT® Reactors ourselves and to construct the STT® Production Unit by securing the services of qualified third-party contractors.
The spinning tube-in-tube technology employed in our STT® Reactor optimizes the specific chemical reactions required for transesterification, the process by which biodiesel is produced from vegetable oils and methanol. Our STT® Production Unit is based on the STT® Reactor and is “pipe to pipe,” meaning that it includes all the equipment necessary for the manufacturing process, from the ingestion of raw materials, or feedstocks, to the output of finished biodiesel fuel ready to sell. We believe that our STT® Production Unit will reduce the cost of production of biodiesel and make it economically competitive with petroleum-based fuels over a broad range of crude oil prices. We also believe that the design features of the STT® Reactor reduces the time required for manufacturing scale-up and, therefore, results in faster returns on the cost of installation than conventional reactor systems.
We have been developing our technology for 11 years at a total incurred cost of $20 million, principally for use in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. More recently, we have focused on the application of our system to the large-scale continuous production of biodiesel in commercial quantities. We will use the majority of the proceeds of the January 2007 offering to advance the commercialization of our technology. We are going to construct up to two pilot units in order to demonstrate the commercial potential of our technology. Additionally, we plan to construct three STT® Production Units that we expect to operate on sites shared with or adjacent to bulk liquids distributors. If we are successful in bringing our three plants on line, we believe we will have the capacity to produce approximately 100 MMgpy of biodiesel per year by the end of 2008 using a variety of available feedstocks. If we achieve this level of production, we are likely to seek to build, install and operate additional production units within the U.S. and license the STT® Production Units primarily to offshore biodiesel producers. To date, we have accomplished the development and production of our STT® Reactor internally and the development and manufacturing of the STT® Production Unit by outsourcing to a professional engineering firm, R.C. Costello & Assoc. Inc., and a manufacturer of engineered packaged systems, Certified Technical Services L.P.
We currently plan to directly market and distribute the biodiesel that we produce in our owned and operated facilities to diesel blenders and other distributors of diesel products through our own team that we plan to recruit and develop with proceeds of the January 2007 offering. We plan to use diversified feedstock in our plants.
The Biodiesel Industry
Diesel fuel is the motor fuel that is used in a compression-ignition engine which causes fuel to combust not by igniting the fuel with a spark, but by injecting the fuel into a highly pressurized combustion chamber. There are two principal types of diesel fuel — petrodiesel and biodiesel. Petrodiesel is made from petroleum feedstock and currently comprises substantially all of the diesel fuel sold in the United States and elsewhere. Diesel fuel made from vegetable oil or animal fat renewable feedstocks is called biodiesel. Biodiesel feedstocks include oils from soybean, refined palm, jatropha, canola, castor and rapeseed. To be sold and distributed as biodiesel, the fuel must meet governmental standards, such as ASTM D6751 in the United States and EN14214:2003 in the European Union.
Petrodiesel currently comprises over 99% of the diesel transportation fuel market. According to the Energy Information Administration, or EIA, of the U.S. Department of Energy, or DOE, on-highway petrodiesel consumption in 2005 was approximately 39 billion gallons in the United States, or approximately 22% of all ground transportation fuel consumed in the United States in that year, and 228 billion gallons globally. Total United States diesel sales in 2005 were $93 billion, nearly double the 2000 level. We believe that on-highway consumption of diesel is growing at over 3% annually, as reported by the DOE’s Energy Information Administration, or the EIA, based on the U.S. diesel quantity sales from 1999-2004, the last year in which it reported these data. We also believe that use of diesel will increase as a percentage of total on-highway ground transportation in the United States for several reasons, including:

 

3


 

   
diesel will become less toxic and is considered to be “clean diesel” after compliance with the new low-sulfur requirements;
   
diesel is generally recognized as more fuel efficient than gasoline;
   
use of diesel engines in larger numbers of commercially successful automobiles; and
   
light vehicles that use clean diesel provide governmentally-owned fleets with an option for increasing vehicle efficiency.
According to the 2005 diesel report by Ricardo Company (see http://www.ricardo.com), sales of clean burning diesel vehicles are projected to increase from 43,000 units in 2004 to over 1,500,000 in 2015, driving increased diesel fuel sales. Despite these trends that indicate increased demand for diesel, the price of petrodiesel fuel closely tracks the generally rising cost of petroleum crude oil. Since 2002, worldwide demand for petroleum-based products has been growing significantly faster than supply.
Beginning on June 1, 2006, new federal laws went into effect that are likely to significantly affect the market for petrodiesel. These laws limit the amount of sulfur content allowed in diesel fuel, reducing the portion of sulfur allowed in diesel fuel for on-highway use by more than 95%. Reducing the sulfur level in petrodiesel would require additional processing. As a result, ultra low sulfur diesel, or ULSD, may result in price increases to users of the fuel to cover the cost of deep hydro-treatment to remove sulfur and the addition of additives required for lubricity. According to the EIA, ULSD imports in the last half of 2006 ran at an annualized 2.8 billion gallons per year and showed strong growth in the first quarter of 2007. (see http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/wd0im_nus-200.htm).
Biodiesel is diesel fuel produced from vegetable oils or animal fats. In the U.S., the ASTM biodiesel specification (ASTM D6751) defines biodiesel fuel as a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. In Europe, the biodiesel specification is defined as fatty acid methyl esters. Biodiesel can be used in its pure form, known as B100, or blended in any ratio with conventional petrodiesel fuel. Typical biodiesel blends are 2%, or B2, 5%, or B5, and 20%, or B20. Biodiesel can run in any vehicle that can run on petrodiesel with few or no modifications. According to the National Biodiesel Board, biodiesel is available nationwide and can be purchased in the U.S. directly from biodiesel producers and marketers, from more than 1,259 biodiesel distributors, or at 1,016 retail pumping stations.
Projected Demand for Biodiesel
Market demand for biodiesel has grown significantly based principally on the advantages of biodiesel over petrodiesel. Those advantages include:
   
Biodiesel is made from renewable resources;
   
When burned, in comparison to petrodiesel, biodiesel results in a substantial reduction of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and particulate matter (with the possible exception of nitrous oxide);
   
Biodiesel is biodegradable, nontoxic and not considered a hazardous material when spilled;
   
Biodiesel is essentially free of sulfur and aromatics;
   
The overall ozone (smog) forming potential of the hydrocarbon exhaust emissions from biodiesel is nearly 50% less than that for petrodiesel fuel;
   
Biodiesel is registered as a fuel and fuel additive with the EPA and meets clean diesel standards established by the California Air Resources Board. B100 biodiesel has been designated as an alternative fuel by the DOE and the U.S. Department of Transportation, or DOT;

 

4


 

   
Biodiesel is safer to manufacture and handle;
   
Because of its greater lubricity, biodiesel is used as a premium additive to petrodiesel to improve engine performance and durability, to reduce wear on engines and to extend their life. The addition of as little as 1% of biodiesel will significantly increase the reduced lubricity of ULSD fuel;
   
Biodiesel can use domestic feedstock, reducing the $250 billion the United States pays other countries each year for crude oil;
   
Primarily as a result of higher petroleum crude oil prices, increased petrodiesel refining costs, increased agricultural productivity, improvements in biodiesel processing technology and government subsidies, biodiesel has recently become less expensive to produce biodiesel than petrodiesel; and
   
Public policy, both as enacted into law and as enunciated by governmental agencies in the United States and elsewhere, favors the production and use of biodiesel fuel.
Based on these advantages, we believe that demand for biodiesel will continue to grow at accelerated rates both in the United States and internationally over the next several years. Biodiesel was less than 1% of the approximately 39 billion gallons of on-highway diesel fuel consumed in the United States in 2005. We expect that governmental incentives and requirements will be a principal driver of our forecasted increase in demand. One of the key biodiesel production legislative incentives in the United States is the Biodiesel Tax Credit of $1.00 per gallon of biodiesel blended with petrodiesel that is part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, or EPAct 1992, and extended to 2008 in the Energy Policy Act of 2005, or EPAct 2005. Although this tax credit is due to expire in 2008, there is proposed legislation to extend this tax credit.
Another key element of biodiesel that supports an increase in demand in estimated growth is the broad functionality of biodiesel. Biodiesel can be blended with petrodiesel in any ratio. In fact, blends of only 1% biodiesel are often used to improve the lubricity of petrodiesel fuel by as much as 65%, and blends of 99.9% biodiesel are often blended to reap the benefits of “pure” biodiesel while still receiving the maximum tax incentives of “blending” biodiesel with petrodiesel. Since biodiesel can be blended with petrodiesel in any ratio, the potential market size is the $93 billion (39 billion gallons) of on-highway petrodiesel fuel consumed each year in the United States and several times that amount worldwide.
The rising demand for biodiesel may also reflect or track the increasing amounts of biodiesel that are forecasted to be produced through 2010. Although the existence of production capacity does not necessarily result in increased demand, we believe that increased availability of biodiesel as an alternative fuel will result in wider voluntary consumer adoption and increased production of both diesel vehicles capable of burning blends of biodiesel and petrodiesel as well as vehicles that will burn mixes in which biodiesel predominates.
Projected Biodiesel Supply
Biodiesel use is still in its infancy, but its production in the United States is expected to grow substantially and reduce dependency on petrodiesel. In 2010, United States production is expected to be 1.8 Bgpy (billion gallons per year), and global production is expected to be 5.5 Bgpy. At January 1, 2007, approximately 105 biodiesel plants, concentrated in the Midwest, are in operation in the United States. These plants have a total of 864 MMgpy in existing capacity and 9.3 MMgpy in average capacity. The existing United States biodiesel production capacity of 864 MMgpy represents only 2.2% of the total diesel fuel consumed in the United States in 2005 (39 billion gallons). In addition, according to the National Biodiesel Board , 77 new biodiesel plants with 1.7 Bgpy in additional aggregate capacity and an average capacity of 25 MMgpy are currently under construction as of the first quarter 2007.

 

5


 

(BAR GRAPH)
Economics with Respect to Petrodiesel
According to the Energy Management Institute’s Alternative Fuels Index sm , the average producer price of B100 biodiesel across 52 major metropolitan areas in the United States during the week ending March 22, 2007 was $3.12 per gallon, and net of site specific transportation and handling costs, it was $2.95 per gallon. Biodiesel sells for a premium to petrodiesel for several reasons. First, B100 biodiesel is sold to fuel blenders, who are entitled to a $1.00 tax credit for each gallon of biodiesel blended with petrodiesel. Second, as noted below under “Governmental Legislation,” purchases of biodiesel are subject to legislative usage mandates. Finally, biodiesel serves end-users’ desires or requirements to use biodiesel because of lower toxicity, higher lubricity, absence of sulfur and other environmental and operational benefits. We believe that a biodiesel plan using a STT® Production Unit constructed on a Greenfield site and using readily available feedstocks will be able to produce biodiesel at a cost per gallon that is reasonably competitive with the cost per gallon of petrodiesel.
(LINE GRAPH)
Source: EIA; USDA’s Economic Research Service; and Kreido Laboratories

 

6


 

As shown in the graph above, only recently have crude petroleum prices and petrodiesel refining margins increased to such an extent that, after giving effect to incentives for biodiesel blenders, it has become less costly to produce biodiesel than petrodiesel.
In May of 2002, the EIA began to report monthly on the cost components that make up the retail price of petrodiesel. These cost components include: refiners’ cost plus profit, distribution and marketing, taxes, and crude oil. For May 2002, the EIA reported the refining cost component for petrodiesel to be $0.07 per gallon and it has steadily increased in recent years, reaching $0.68 per gallon in August of 2006, while averaging $0.51 per gallon for all of 2006. In February 2007, the refining cost component for low sulfur diesel was $0.55 per gallon, over 20% higher than the refining cost component for gasoline. An important factor in the refining cost component for petrodiesel relates to the reduction of over 95% in sulfur content as mandated by law and described below, and the high price of imported ULSD required to satisfy increasing on-highway diesel demand while meeting the 15 PPM standard. Moreover, since sulfur is an important contributor to petrodiesel’s lubricity, some refiners must employ other means to increase the fuel’s lubricity so as to not damage diesel engines. Most petroleum refiners use costly additives to accomplish this, adding further to the ultimate cost of the fuel.
The Biodiesel Production Process
Biodiesel can be made from renewable sources, such as:
   
refined virgin vegetable oils;
 
   
refined animal fats; and
 
   
used cooking oils and trap grease.
The choice of feedstock is determined primarily by the price and availability of each feedstock variety and the capabilities of the producer’s biodiesel production technology. In the U.S., the majority of biodiesel historically has been made from domestically produced soybean oil. However, palm oil imported from Malaysia and Indonesia is quickly growing as a viable alternative due to price, availability and expected supply elasticity.
The biodiesel manufacturing process has three distinct steps — the chemical reaction step, the separation step and the polishing step.
(FLOW CHART)
Chemical Reaction . In the chemical reaction step, a mix of biodiesel, glycerin and soap is created from the selected feedstock, alcohol and a catalyst. The collection of equipment that performs this chemical reaction step in producing biodiesel is referred to as the “reactor,” and the process typically requires an extended period of time. Depending on the type of reactor used, the mix of biodiesel, glycerin and soap produced requires differing degrees of further processing to separate the methyl esters comprising the biodiesel from the glycerin and soap, to clean or “polish” both the biodiesel and glycerin, and to recover excess alcohol from both the biodiesel and glycerin. Generally, the more efficient the reactor, the less downstream processing that is required. If the feedstock used is high in free fatty acids, an esterification step is required before the chemical reaction step in which two chemicals (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester having an acceptable free fatty acid level.

 

7


 

Separation. The methyl esters are separated from the glycerin and soap from the chemical reaction step effluent.
Polishing . The methyl esters are polished to remove impurities, if any. Any excess water, and soap is removed and excess alcohol is recycled into earlier steps in the production process train.
Biodiesel Feedstocks. Although biodiesel can be made from virgin vegetable oils, animal fats and used cooking oils, most biodiesel producers consider virgin vegetable oils the only viable biodiesel feedstock for large-scale production, due to their relatively homogeneous and consistent compositions and reliable, scalable and abundant supplies. Prices for virgin vegetable oils have demonstrated greater long-term price stability and less short-term price volatility than crude petroleum oil, though vegetable oil prices have increased recently as demand for vegetable oil has increased.
The ability to produce biodiesel from various vegetable oils results in biodiesel being a more attractive to a fuel producer than a fuel that relies on a single feedstock, such as crude oil. It also makes it that much more important that the fuel producer have a biodiesel production unit that can use a variety of feedstocks and that can switch between them quickly and economically, one of the benefits of our STT® Production Units.
Worldwide biodiesel feedstock production has been increasing steadily. In 2005, worldwide production of palm oil surpassed soybean oil to take the lead as the most abundant vegetable oil produced worldwide. In the future, significant feedstock supplies may also be derived from a small tree known as jatropha carcus and eventually from algae grown in bio-reactors.
(BAR CHART)
Source: USDA’s Economic Research Service
Farmers continue to leverage farming technology and methodology improvements to get more yield from their farmland. For example, according to the USDA’s Economic Research Service, soybean crop yields in the U.S. have increased 84% in the last 45 years, from 23.5 bushels per acre in 1960 to 43.3 in 2005.

 

8


 

Our Business Plan
Our business strategy is to exploit our proprietary biodiesel production technology, fast time to market and low-cost leadership advantages to establish us as a leading developer of biodiesel processing technology and one of the leading biodiesel fuel producers in the world. We plan to do so by generating revenues from diversified sources. Our business model is to own and operate biodiesel production plants in the United States that are equipped with our STT® Production Units and located at or adjacent to bulk liquids handling facilities near developed port facilities. As our first production unit becomes operational, we may license our STT® Production Units internationally to third-party plants in exchange for licensing fees, equity interests and royalties. In the future, as feedstock or biodiesel prices change or as the demand for superior biodiesel production technology increases, we may consider licensing or otherwise supplying STT® Production Units to selected producers in the United States in exchange for additional processing capacity, feedstock supply commitments, equity, licensing fees or production royalties in lieu of or in addition to building our second and third plants as soon as we currently plan. The solutions we offer to third parties range from providing STT® Production Units for greenfield projects to supplying STT® Production Units for brownfield biodiesel sites seeking retrofit or expansion including converted chemical plants. We may license our STT® technology for use in the manufacturing of other products such as pharmaceuticals or other chemical related products. In the longer term, we may invest in businesses that will develop or use our STT® Reactor based technology for production of biodiesel or other products.
We believe that it is important for us to have STT® Production Units installed in the field, producing biodiesel to prove their merit as commercial biodiesel production units. If our production units are successful, then we may be able to secure bank project financing and insurance for our biodiesel production plants in the U.S. and to license STT® Production Units to third parties.
Internationally, if ownership interests are not appropriate, we will license and supply our STT® Biodiesel Production Units in countries that are subject to the Patent Cooperation Treaty, or the PCT, or that have progressive policies on protecting foreign intellectual property. As envisioned, we will charge a combination of prepaid and recurring annual license fees and quarterly production royalties will be our initial focus on joint ventures with offshore suppliers of feedstock located in Central and South America and Southeast Asia.
We anticipate that we will execute our business strategy with the following actions over the next twelve months:
   
place at least one, possibly two, pilot STT® Production Units in the field, producing ASTM-quality biodiesel;
   
hire construction project management, manufacturing, production plant operations, sales, marketing and business development personnel;
   
construct at least one of our owned production plants equipped with STT® Production Units; and
   
enter into discussion with parties interested in licensing the STT® Production Units for both domestic and international biodiesel production.
We are planning on constructing three biodiesel production plants, each of which will employ our STT® Production Units. As feedstock and biodiesel prices change or as the demand for superior biodiesel production technology increases, we may determine that it is in our best interest to sell or license our STT® Production Units in the near term in lieu of building our second and third plants as soon as we currently plan. We believe that successful scale-up from our pilot to commercial scale STT® process intensification system, which is now being built, will enable us to provide price, efficiency and safety advantages when compared to other persons developing biodiesel production plants. The three plants under development are expected to be located in:
   
Chicago, Illinois.
   
Burns Harbor, Indiana.
   
Wilmington, North Carolina.

 

9


 

The anticipated aggregate biodiesel production capacity of these three plants is approximately 100 MMgpy, and the anticipated average production of these three plants is 90 MMgpy. Further, we anticipate that these three plants may go on line as early as 2008.
To be brought on line, each plant must proceed through the following initial stages of development, among others:
   
identification of specific sites and parcels;
   
receipt of initial proposals from liquids handling partners at each of the plant site locations and negotiations for tolling fees and for the use of terminal infrastructures;
   
construction of STT® Reactors and fabrication of the STT® Production Units;
   
identification of diesel blenders with facilities in proximity to the sites;
   
negotiations with onshore and offshore feedstock providers;
   
data collection for the permitting process;
   
completion of the permitting process; and
   
construction of infrastructure and raw material delivery systems.
We expect to use diversified feedstock in our plants. We are negotiating agreements for a range of services required for the transport of materials to and from our facilities with major global bulk liquids handling terminal operators for the plants in Illinois, Indiana and North Carolina.
Our Biodiesel Production Technology
The STT® Reactor
We have designed our STT® Reactor to be the heart of our STT® Production Unit. The STT® Reactor is the component of the STT® Production Unit in which the biodiesel transesterification chemical reaction occurs. Using our “spinning tube-in-tube” design configuration, our STT® Reactor employs a flowing film concept instead of the volume-based methodology used in most conventional biodiesel reactor systems. Our flowing film format mixes reactants in an extremely narrow gap that is created between a highly-polished, rapidly-spinning rotor and a non-rotating stator. Reactants placed in this environment experience forces that induce highly efficient mixing at the molecular level. This level of mixing helps to dramatically improve the speed and yield of reactions which occur during the manufacturing process and enhances the quality and uniformity of the end product being produced. The flowing film format also helps to avoid problems and inefficiencies that affect traditional volume-based production, such as large temperature gradients, scale-up constraints, excessive waste and downstream processing.
In tests to date, our STT® Reactor has accelerated the speed of chemical reactions by up to three orders of magnitude and significantly improved yields. It also has enabled the control and quality of chemical processes in real time and dramatically decreased the time required for manufacturing scale-up. With a footprint of less than 30 square feet, our 11 MMgpy STT® Reactor is also relatively compact, allowing for additional cost savings and efficiencies on installation, maintenance and operations.

 

10


 

When producing biodiesel it is essential to precisely control the following reaction variables in the chemical reactor:
   
relative reactant volumes (i.e., ratio of feedstock to alcohol to catalyst);
   
reaction temperature (and ensuring that the temperature is consistent everywhere in the reactor);
   
reactor residence time; and
   
laminar shear field.
The STT® Reactor addresses these controls in the manner which we believe is superior relative to conventional reactor designs and methods.
The favorable characteristics of the STT® Reactor also provide our STT® Production Units with advantages when it is used in building or retrofitting a plant. A 33 MMgpy biodiesel production capacity Production Unit occupies about 9,500 square feet with some expansion capability. As a result, we anticipate that less capital and less time are required to build a plant and to install a STT® Production Unit. We also expect that it will require less time to obtain required permits for plants that use our systems and there will be greater options for the siting of these plants.
The STT® Reactor and process are protected by issued and pending United States and international patents, including PCT applications. Our issued patents expire between 2011 and 2023. Corresponding foreign patent applications are filed in a number of countries at the proper time in the PCT application process.
The STT® Production Unit
The STT® Production Unit is a complete, pipe-to-pipe biodiesel production unit that includes all of the components necessary to take feedstock in on one end and deliver ASTM-quality biodiesel out of the other end. We have designed 10G and 30G STT® Production Units with the capacity to produce up to 11 million and 33 million gallons respectively (or 36,000 and 110,000 metric tons respectively) of biodiesel per year. The biodiesel production unit is made up of four basic components: (1) the feedstock delivery system, (2) the STT® Reactor, (3) the biodiesel/glycerin separator and polishing system and (4) the methanol recovery system.
Using our STT® Reactor, we believe that our STT® Production Unit offers operational advantages, including the following:
   
dramatically reduced biodiesel reactor residence time of less than one second, compared to more than 30 minutes total reactor residence time required by conventional systems;
   
more efficient transesterification process that produces negligible soap and requires less downstream processing;
   
multi-feedstock flexibility that enables switching between alternative feedstocks in a few hours rather than days for conventional production units;
   
lower-cost catalysts;
   
less energy consumption; and
   
absence of contaminated production waste water.
Overview of Our System
The biodiesel manufacturing process begins when the reactant materials comprised of the biodiesel feedstock and an alcohol/catalyst mixture are introduced into the STT® Reactor through ports in the rotor/stator assembly, which is driven by the electric motor unit. These reactants enter the narrow annular zone between the stator and the rapidly spinning rotor where they are thoroughly mixed by high shear forces into a flowing film in a few milliseconds. A heat exchanger jacketing the stator controls the temperature of the mixture.

 

11


 

The end product of the reaction (i.e . , the biodiesel, glycerin, excess methanol and negligible soap) exits through a port at the other end of the rotor/stator assembly. Standard sensors for measuring temperature, monitoring reaction progress or gathering other information relative to the manufacturing process are incorporated along the rotor/stator assembly to dynamically monitor the reaction process. The STT® Reactor can also employ similar plumbing, wiring, controls and ancillary equipment (e.g., heaters and chillers) as a conventional stirred tank reactor, facilitating ease of installation in existing production plants.
The STT® Reactor achieves these advantages by inducing a physical phenomenon that is ideal for the mixing of reactants called Couette flow. The STT® Reactor induces Couette flow by mixing reactants in a narrow gap so that the reactants move as a coherent thin film in a high-shear field. We believe that we are the first company that has been able to practically apply Couette flow to chemical manufacturing.
Governmental Regulation
To be sold and distributed as biodiesel, the fuel must meet governmental standards, such as ASTM D6751 in the United States and EN14214:2003 in the European Union.
Agencies of the United States government, including the DOE, the EPA, the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, the Department of Agriculture, or USDA, and more than half of the states and over 15 foreign countries offer biodiesel incentives, have mandates for the use of biodiesel, or both. There are other governmental incentives that do not directly reduce the net cost of producing or blending biodiesel, but that drive the demand for the fuel. For example, the IRS offers tax credits for investment in qualifying refueling property, the EPA will pay 50-100% of the cost for schools to upgrade and/or replace their buses and programs administered by the DOE indirectly require government fleet operators to purchase substantial amounts of biodiesel.
The principal federal incentives that we believe will have the greatest positive effect on our business are the following:
EPAct 1992
The EPAct 1992 requires government fleet operators to use a certain percentage of alternatively fueled vehicles, or AFVs. EPAct 1992 established a goal of replacing 10% of motor fuels with non-petroleum alternatives by 2000, increasing to 30% by the year 2010. Currently, 75% of all federal vehicles purchased are required to have alternative fuel capability to set an example for the private automotive and fuel industries.
Under the Energy Conservation Reauthorization Act of 1998 (which amended Title III of EPAct 1992), vehicle fleets that are required to purchase AFVs can generate credit toward this requirement by purchasing and using biodiesel in a conventional vehicle. Since there are few cost-effective options for purchasing heavy-duty AFVs, federal and state fleet providers can meet up to 50% of their heavy-duty AFV purchase requirements with biodiesel fuel.
The biodiesel fuel use credit allows fleets to purchase and use 450 gallons of biodiesel in vehicles in excess of 8,500 pounds gross vehicle weight instead of AFVs. Fleets must purchase and use the equivalent of 450 gallons of pure biodiesel in a minimum of a 20% blend to earn one AFV credit. Covered fleets earn one vehicle credit for every light-duty vehicle, or LDV, AFV they acquire annually beyond their base vehicle acquisition requirements. Credits can be banked or sold. Compliance with the requirements under EPAct 1992 is a principal reason underlying the position of the U.S. Department of Defense as the largest domestic purchaser of biodiesel.
The Biodiesel Tax Credit
In October 2004, Congress passed a biodiesel tax incentive, structured as a federal excise tax credit, as part of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, or the JOBS Act. The credit amounts to a penny for each percentage point of vegetable oil biodiesel that is blended with petroleum diesel (and one-half penny per percentage point for recycled oils and other non-agricultural biodiesel). Thus, for example, blenders that blend B20 made from soy, canola and other vegetable oils would receive a 20 cent per gallon excise tax credit, while blenders of B5 would receive a 5 cent per gallon excise tax credit. Biodiesel made from recycled restaurant oils, known as yellow grease, would receive half of this credit; for example, B20 blenders would receive a 10 cent per gallon credit and B5 blenders would receive a 2.5 cent per gallon credit.

 

12


 

The tax incentive generally is taken by petroleum distributors and substantially passed on to the consumer. It is designed to lower the cost of biodiesel to consumers in both taxable and tax-exempt markets. The tax credit under the JOBS Act was scheduled to expire at the end of 2006, but was extended in EPAct 2005 to the end of 2008. There are proposals pending in Congress to extend the tax credit to the end of the decade and beyond.
EPAct 2005
Congress enacted the EPAct 2005, in August 2005 and included a number of provisions intended to spur the production and use of biodiesel. In particular, EPAct 2005’s provisions include biodiesel as part of the applicable volume in the renewable fuels standard, or RFS, although the EPA is directed to determine the share allocated to biodiesel and other details through its rulemaking process. EPAct 2005 also extended the biodiesel tax credit to 2008 and included a new tax credit for renewable diesel.
The RFS requires a specific amount of renewable fuel to be used each year in the nationwide gasoline and diesel pool. The volume increases each year, from 4 billion gallons per year in 2006 to 7.5 billion gallons per year in 2012.
EPAct 2005 requires the EPA, beginning in 2006, to publish by November 30 of each year, “renewable fuel obligations” that will be applicable to refineries, blenders and importers in the contiguous 48 states. There must be no geographic restrictions on where renewable fuel may be used or per-gallon obligations for the use of renewable fuel. The renewable fuel obligations are required to be expressed in terms of a volume percentage of gasoline sold or introduced into commerce and consist of a single applicable percentage that will apply to all categories of refineries, blenders and importers. The renewable fuel obligations are to be based on estimates that the EIA provides to the EPA on the volumes of gasoline it expects will be sold or introduced into commerce.
In terms of implementing the RFS for the year 2006, the EPA recently released a rule determining that the RFS target for 2006, 4.0 billion gallons of renewable fuel in the gasoline and diesel pool, will be considered to be met, given the current expectations of production of both ethanol and biodiesel for this year. If the EPA had determined the 2006 target was not being met, refiners, blenders and importers would be obligated to make up the shortfall in the year 2007. The EPA is expected to release the final rule to implement the RFS by the end of 2006.
EPAct 2005 also creates a new tax credit for small agri-biodiesel producers with production capacity, not in excess of 60 million gallons, of 10 cents per gallon for the first 15 million gallons of agri-biodiesel produced.

 

13


 

Other Incentive Programs Offered at the Federal and State Levels
The federal government offers other programs as summarized in the table below:
Federal Agency that   Type of   Who Receives   Commonly    
Administers/Oversees   Incentive   Incentive   Known As   Summary
IRS
  income tax credit   infrastructure
providers
  Alternative Fuel
Infrastructure
Credit
  Provides a tax credit in an amount equal to 30% of the cost of any qualified non-residential AFV refueling property placed into service in the United States, subject to limits.
EPA
  grant program   school districts   Clean School Bus
Program
  Clean School Bus USA reduces operating costs and children’s exposure to harmful diesel exhaust by limiting bus idling, implementing pollution reduction technology, improving route logistics and switching to biodiesel. The Energy Bill of 2005 utilizes this EPA program to grant up to a 50% cost share (depending on the age and emissions of original bus) to replace school buses with buses that operate on alternative fuels or low-sulfur diesel, or up to 100% for retrofit projects.
USDA
  grant program   agricultural
producers & small
businesses
  Renewable Energy Systems and Energy Efficiency Improvements Grant   In fiscal year 2005, USDA’s Office of Rural Development made available $22.8 million in competitive grant funds and guaranteed loans for the purchase of renewable energy systems and energy improvements for agricultural producers and small rural businesses. Eligible projects include biofuels, hydrogen, and energy efficiency improvements, as well as solar, geothermal, and wind.
Source: Compiled by the IFQC Biofuels Center, 2005.
Many states are following the federal government’s lead and are offering similar programs and incentives to spur biodiesel production and use. For example, Illinois and Minnesota have mandated the use of B2 in all diesel fuel sold in their respective states subject to certain conditions that include sufficient annual production capacity (defined as at least 8 million gallons). The mandate took effect in Minnesota in September 2005 and in Illinois in July 2006.
Approximately 31 states provide either user or producer incentives for biodiesel. Several provide both types of incentives. Approximately nine states provide incentives to biodiesel producers to build facilities in their states, typically offering tax credits, grants and other financial incentives. Two states provide fuel rebate programs, and two provide revolving funds for fleet biodiesel purchases.
International Biodiesel Developments and Public Policy Initiatives
Various non-European countries have also instituted public policy initiatives to encourage biodiesel production and use, and have done so generally through a combination of fiscal incentives and mandates or voluntary targets, including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Indonesia, Malaysia and New Zealand.
The following eight European countries have duty exemptions and, in most cases, mandates to incent and require the use of biodiesel: Austria, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. These countries account for more than 80% of the EU25’s potential biodiesel market.

 

14


 

Sales and Marketing
To date, we have conducted all of our business development and sales efforts through our officers and executives who are active in other roles. We intend to build dedicated sales, marketing and business development teams, which will develop and execute their respective strategies.
Research and Development
We have been developing our technology for 11 years and have incurred total research and development costs of approximately $16.2 million through the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, of which approximately $3.8 million was incurred in the last two fiscal years. To maintain and expand our technology leadership, if we are able to generate substantial amounts of revenues, we may expand both the capabilities and capacity of our STT® Reactors and our STT® Production Units.
Engineering and Manufacturing
To date, we have accomplished the development and production of our STT® Reactor internally and the development of the STT® Production Unit by outsourcing to a professional engineering firm and a manufacturer of engineered packaged systems. Our engineering partner is R.C. Costello & Assoc. Inc. of Redondo Beach, California. This firm provides engineering design and improvements for chemical plants, natural gas plants and refineries, with an emphasis on process intensification. The firm has 11 years’ experience in reaction engineering, distillation and process safety.
Our manufacturing partner is Certified Technical Services L.P. of Pasadena, Texas. This firm has been a heavy industrial contractor and manufacturer of engineered packaged systems for 20 years.
Licensing and Intellectual Property Protection
We rely on and will use a combination of patent, copyright, and trade secret laws and know-how to establish and protect our proprietary technologies and products. Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patent protection for our products and processes, to preserve our copyrights and trade secrets, to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties and to acquire licenses related to enabling technology or products used with our STT® Reactor-based technology.
Our STT® Reactor, as applied to the production of biodiesel, is protected by five issued U.S. patents (plus one pending application for U.S. patents), as well as international counterparts for most of those patents and applications. Each patent expires approximately 20 years after its issue date. These issued patents expire between 2011 and 2023. Our principal patents related to our STT® technology and to the production of biodiesel, and their issue and expiration dates are as follows:
         
    U.S. Issue Number    
Title   U.S. Issue Date   Expiration Date
“METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING MATERIALS IN LIQUIDS”
  US 5,279,463
1/18/1994
  1/18/2011
“METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR HIGH-SHEAR MATERIAL TREATMENT”
  US 5,538,191
7/23/1996
  7/23/2013
“METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MATERIALS PROCESSING”
  US 6,471,392B1
10/29/2002
  3/7/2021
“METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MATERIALS PROCESSING”
  US 6,752,529
6/22/2004
  3/7/2021
“METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR HIGH-SHEAR MIXING AND REACTING OF MATERIALS”
  US 7,165,881
1/23/2007
  9/29/2023
We hold approximately 12 additional issued patents on technology not directly related to biodiesel.

 

15


 

STT®, Magellan® and Innovator® are trademarks that we have registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. We also use Cytovator and Kreido as our trademarks.
Competition
Since our business model calls for us to be both a provider of biodiesel production technology to other companies and also to own and operate our own biodiesel production plants, we compete broadly with companies that provide biodiesel production solutions and companies that produce biodiesel fuel.
We face competition from companies that are developing products similar to those we are developing. The petroleum/fossil fuels industry has spawned a large number of efforts to create technologies to help reduce or eliminate harmful emissions from burning fuels and fuels that utilize non-petroleum feedstock. Fully integrated major oil/chemical companies have substantially greater access to resources needed to successfully enter the emerging alternative fuels market. Many of these companies have significantly greater financial, managerial, marketing, distribution and other infrastructure resources than our company. These greater resources may better position our competitors to arrange plant sites, contract for feedstock and negotiate product pricing with biodiesel fuel companies.
Using our STT® Reactor, we believe that our STT® Production Unit offers operational advantages compared to existing technologies, including the following:
   
dramatically reduced biodiesel reactor residence time of less than one second, compared to more than 30 minutes total reactor residence time required by conventional systems;
   
more efficient transesterification process that produces negligible soap and requires less downstream processing;
   
multi-feedstock flexibility that enables switching between alternative feedstocks in a few hours rather than days for conventional production units;
   
lower-cost catalysts;
   
less energy consumption; and
   
absence of contaminated production waste water.
Employees
As of March 15, 2007, we had fourteen full-time employees. None of our employees is represented by a labor union, and we consider our employee relations to be good. We believe that our future success will depend in part on our continued ability to attract, hire and retain qualified personnel.
Recent Developments
On February 14, 2007, we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, a Registration Statement on Form SB-2 to register 37,037,038 shares of our common stock on behalf of the purchasers of Units in the private offering that we closed on January 12, 2007. Each Unit consisted of one share of our common stock and a warrant to acquire one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.85 per share. The Registration Rights Agreement between us and the purchasers of the Units, or the Registration Rights Agreement, mandates that if we fail to have the Registration Statement on Form SB-2, or the Form SB-2, declared effective by the SEC by June 14, 2007, we will have to pay each purchaser of Units as liquidated damages, additional Units equal to five percent of the number of Units held by such purchaser. The total liquidated damages will be ten percent if the Form SB-2 is not declared effective by July 14, 2007 and fifteen percent if the Form SB-2 is not declared effective by August 13, 2007. We will have to pay similar liquidated damages should (i) sales of shares of common stock be unable to be made by purchasers of Units after the effective date of the Form SB-2 under certain circumstances or (ii) if our common stock is not listed or included for quotation on the NASD Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board, the Nasdaq National Market, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. or the American Stock Exchange, Inc., each an Approved Market, or the trading of our common stock is suspended or halted on an Approved Market for more than two full, consecutive trading days with certain exceptions excusing such events. The registration statement is not yet effective.
On February 28, 2007, we announced that we have conducted an inquiry concerning the improper issuance of shares of our common stock without a restrictive legend to accounts controlled by Louis Zehil, a former partner of McGuireWoods, the law firm that represented us in a private offering of company stock in January 2007. As part of the private placement offering, a total of approximately 1.5 million units of common stock and common stock purchase warrants were sold to the two private financial entities controlled by Mr. Zehil. We have learned that approximately 56,000 shares of common stock may have been sold in the public markets at the direction of Mr. Zehil in January and early February of this year. The remaining 1.44 million shares continue to be held in accounts for the two entities. At the outset of our inquiry, we were advised that actions had been taken to prevent transfers from those accounts. We learned on February 28, 2007 that the SEC has commenced an enforcement action against Mr. Zehil and has taken further action to prevent transfers from the two accounts. A total of 18.5 million units of common stock and common stock purchase warrants were issued in that private placement, of which 17 million shares were issued with the restrictive legend. We have a total capitalization of approximately 52.5 million shares of common stock.

 

16


 

On March 12, 2007, G.A. Ben Binninger submitted his resignation as our Chief Operating Officer effective on Thursday, March 15, 2007. Mr. Binninger will continue as a member of our board of directors.
On March 19, 2007, John M. Philpott was hired as our Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer.
RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock is highly speculative and involves a high degree of risk. Investors should carefully consider the risks below before making an investment decision. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks. In such case, the trading price of our common stock could decline and investors could lose all or part of their investment.
Risks Related to the Contemplated Conduct of our Business
We have had no operating history as a producer of biodiesel or as a producer of equipment systems for the biodiesel industry. Our anticipated results of operation and financial condition are planned and estimated on the basis of our assumptions with respect to our anticipated operations.
We have no operating history in our contemplated biodiesel production business and, to date, have not earned any revenues in connection with that business. We have no experience operating, selling or licensing processing equipment or complete systems to the biodiesel or other fuel industry. We have only recently, in the fourth quarter of 2005, begun to pursue commercial applications for the STT® Reactor in the biodiesel industry. Accordingly, it may be difficult for investors to evaluate our business prospects or our ability to achieve our business objectives. If our efforts do not result in both revenues and profits, we may be forced to cease operations and liquidate, and investors may lose their entire investment.
If we cannot successfully address these risks, our contemplated business and the anticipated results of our contemplated operations and financial condition would suffer.
We have been a development stage company since 1995 and have a history of significant operating losses. We may not ever achieve or maintain profitability.
We have incurred significant operating losses since our inception, and, as of December 31, 2006, we have accumulated a deficit of approximately $23.1 million. We may continue to incur operating losses, depending largely upon the commercial success of our STT® Reactor and STT® Production Units. To date, we have neither sold nor licensed any commercial-scale products. We will need to generate revenues in excess of our expenses to become profitable, and we may be unable to do so. If we do not become profitable, the value of our common stock may decline.
Our operating losses may increase as we continue to incur costs for manufacturing, sales and marketing, research and development and legal and general corporate activities. Whether we achieve and maintain profitability depends in part upon our ability, alone or with others, to successfully complete the development of biodiesel production facilities, to sell biodiesel at a profit, to successfully complete the development of our equipment systems and to sell or license those equipment systems at prices that enable us to generate a profitable return.

 

17


 

We may be required to implement our business plan other than as described herein.
We may find it necessary or advisable to substantially alter or materially change our commercialization activities to respond to changes that occur in the future.
Although core to our business plan is to own and operate biodiesel production plants in the United States for our own account, part of our contemplated business strategy is to license STT® Production Units to others primarily outside the United States. The portion of our contemplated business model that calls for us to license STT® Production Units to others is dependent on the market’s willingness to adopt a new biodiesel production technology. Our STT® Production Unit may never gain acceptance from the biodiesel market, which would put in jeopardy that portion of our business model that relies on licensing STT® Production Units to others. This risk is amplified by the fact that, although we are currently building our first commercial-scale STT® Production Units, we have not completed building our first such unit. None of our products are currently being used to produce biodiesel on a commercial scale.
Should biodiesel producers fail to adopt our STT® Biodiesel Production Units, or should a superior competing technology be developed, it may not be possible to fund our operations as expected. The degree of market acceptance of our STT® Biodiesel Production Units will depend on numerous factors, including the effectiveness of our product and the biodiesel market’s willingness to use a new processing technology.
Our ability to execute our business plan is dependent on the growth and maintenance of substantial demand for biodiesel in the United States. It is impossible to predict what the current demand for biodiesel is since so little of it is currently being produced and all that is being produced is being sold. Accordingly, the failure of a biodiesel market to develop could adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
We have not produced or operated any commercial-scale STT® Reactors or STT® Production Units.
We have designed, built, and licensed two bench-scale STT® Reactors to the specialty chemical and pharmaceutical markets and have designed and built pilot-scale STT® Reactors ranging from 8 to 100 ml capacity. We have also designed and are now building commercial-scale STT® Production Units for producing biodiesel. We have yet to license our first STT® Production Unit or install one in our own biodiesel production plant. We do not know if our commercial-scale STT® Production Unit will produce biodiesel fuel to ASTM standard in the volumes that we anticipate or whether our equipment systems will gain commercial acceptance in the biodiesel industry. Therefore, we are uncertain whether we will be able to sell, license or lease any STT® Biodiesel Production Units to any third parties. If we are unable to produce and operate our equipment systems on a commercial scale and generate biodiesel to ASTM standard, then we may be forced to cease operations or to raise additional capital to further develop our equipment systems. Additional capital may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all.
We are likely to require additional funding to execute our business plan, and additional funding may not be available. If additional funding is available, it may not be offered to us on terms that are satisfactory to our board of directors.
We anticipate that we will require additional capital in the future to sufficiently fund our operations. We may not be able to obtain additional capital on terms favorable to us or at all. We have consumed substantial amounts of capital to date, and we expect to increase our operating expenses over the coming years as we build our pilot units and first production unit, expand our facilities and infrastructure and prepare for commercialization activities.
Based upon our projected activities, we believe an additional $20 million will be needed in the fourth quarter of 2007 in order to support our current plan’s funding needs. However, if this plan changes, we may require additional financing at an earlier time. Financing may not be available on terms acceptable to us or our investors, and may be available only on terms that would negatively affect the existing stockholders. If adequate funds are not available, we likely will not be successful in executing our business plan as anticipated and, as a result, we may be forced to cease operations and liquidate, in which case investors may not be able to receive any return of their invested capital.

 

18


 

We cannot be certain that additional financing will not be needed beyond our current and projected needs or will be available when required and, if available, that it will be on terms satisfactory to us. Future financings may be dilutive to existing stockholders. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow and are otherwise unable to obtain funds necessary to meet our funding requirements, this would adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition
A substantial part of our assumptions regarding our financial advantages in the biodiesel production business are estimates and therefore may not be correct.
We believe that our STT® Production Units will have higher yields and a less per gallon cost than conventional biodiesel production systems. This is based, in part, on what we believe will be favorable facilities construction costs. It also is possible that the costs that we project to construct our planned production facilities may be greater than expected. If this were not to be the case, it would adversely affect the amortization of our capital costs. This in turn would decrease or eliminate certain of our anticipated costs advantages with respect to conventional biodiesel plants.
We believe that the per gallon cost of producing biodiesel will be less than petrodiesel based primarily on the cost of feedstock and raw materials used in making biodiesel. We have relied on historical costs for process inputs, such as feedstocks and other materials used in the production process. These historical costs may not remain at or below the levels that we project through 2008, which is the time at which we expect that our facilities will begin to produce biodiesel. If the costs of these inputs increase, then the costs advantages that we anticipate may not be present, and we may not be able to achieve our expected profits or any profits at all.
Moreover, in comparing the projected market price of biodiesel to the price of petrodiesel, we have estimated that the producer price for B100 when we project that our plants will first come on line will be $3.00 per gallon. The average producer price of B100 diesel across 52 major metropolitan areas in the United States during the week ending March 22, 2007 was $3.12 per gallon. It is possible that this price range will not remain the relevant price range for biodiesel until 2008. It is possible that potential oversupply conditions may adversely affect the price level or that demand for biodiesel may not be as strong as forecasted. If the wholesale price for biodiesel does not remain at a level that permits us to generate revenues in excess of our costs, after taking into account tax incentives and credits, then we may not become or remain profitable, in which case we might be forced to cease operations and liquidate.
Our ability to execute our business plan depends on conditions the satisfaction of which is not under our control.
Our ability to successfully execute our business plan depends on the satisfaction of several conditions, including:
   
obtaining all required permits, consents and regulatory approvals from government agencies and other third parties for our anticipated construction and operation of owned biodiesel production plants and related facilities, as well as for the future operation of those facilities;
   
successfully commercializing the STT® Reactor technology for biodiesel;
   
arranging reasonably priced insurance to cover operating risks and other adverse outcomes which could impair the business; and
   
market conditions for fuels that make biodiesel a competitively priced product.
Since we have yet to begin full operation as a biodiesel business, there is no certainty that we will be able to achieve satisfaction of any or all of the above conditions. If we fail to do so, we may be forced to cease operations and to liquidate, in which case investors may not be able to receive any return of their invested capital.

 

19


 

We are dependent upon our officers for management and direction, and the loss of any of these persons could adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
We are dependent upon our officers for implementation of our business plan. Our key officers include Joel Balbien, our President and Chief Executive Officer, Philip Lichtenberger, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and Alan McGrevy, our Vice President of Engineering. The loss of any of these officers could have a material adverse effect upon the anticipated results of our contemplated operations and financial condition and would likely delay or prevent the achievement of our contemplated business objectives. We do not maintain “key person” life insurance for any of our officers.
We may be unable to effectively manage our growth.
Our strategy envisions expanding our business beyond our status as a development stage company. We anticipate significant expansion in our manpower, facilities and infrastructure in the future and expect that greater expansion will be necessary to address potential growth in our customer base and market opportunities. To manage the expected growth of our operations and personnel, we will need to improve our transaction processing, operational and financial systems, procedures and controls. The current and planned personnel, systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our future operations. We may be unable to hire, train, retain and manage required personnel or to identify and take advantage of existing and potential strategic relationships and market opportunities.
If we fail to effectively manage our growth, our anticipated results of operation and financial condition could be adversely affected. Growth may place a strain on our management systems and resources. We must continue to refine and expand our business development capabilities, our systems and processes, and our access to financing sources. As we grow, we must continue to hire, train, supervise and manage new employees. We cannot assure that if we do expand our business that we will be able to:
   
meet our capital needs;
   
expand our systems effectively, efficiently or in a timely manner;
   
allocate our human resources optimally;
   
identify and hire qualified employees or retain valued employees; or
   
incorporate effectively the components of any business that we may acquire in our effort to achieve growth.
We may be unable to attract and retain key personnel.
Our development and success is dependent upon our management’s ability to effectuate our transition into a biodiesel technology-development and production company. Our anticipated product development and manufacturing efforts capability will require additional management not yet part of us. There is intense competition for qualified management, research, development and manufacturing personnel in the chemical, engineering and biofuels fields. Therefore, we may not be successful in attracting and retaining the qualified personnel necessary to develop our business.
New technologies could render our biodiesel production system obsolete.
The development and implementation of new technologies may result in a significant reduction in the costs of biodiesel production. For instance, any technological advances in catalysis and/or large scale micro-channel reactor systems could have an adverse effect on our contemplated business. We cannot predict whether new technologies may become available, the rate of acceptance of new technologies by competitors or the costs associated with new technologies. In addition, advances in the development of alternatives to biodiesel could significantly reduce demand for or eliminate the need for biodiesel.

 

20


 

Any advances in technology that require significant capital expenditures to remain competitive or that reduce demand or prices for biodiesel could adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
Strategic relationships with feedstock suppliers, fabricators, building contractors, equipment suppliers and other unrelated third parties on which we rely are subject to change.
Our ability to develop our business will depend on our ability to identify feedstock suppliers, construction contractors, equipment fabricators and customers and to enter into suitable commercial arrangements with those suppliers, contractors, fabricators and customers. Our success in this area will also depend on our ability to select and evaluate suitable projects, as well as to consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment.
The demand for construction and contract manufacturing companies that are qualified to build biodiesel production plants and equipment has increased. Some companies report that their construction backlogs are as many as four years. We do not have the capability in-house to construct and fabricate our own biodiesel production plant and equipment and we intend to rely on strategic relationships with third-party construction and fabrication companies, some of which we have not yet developed. Furthermore, the recent growth in biodiesel plant construction has caused a backlog on certain specialized equipment. One example of such specialized equipment is centrifuges, for which there is a reported backlog of six months for some models. The failure to secure agreements with construction companies and/or for the requisition of such specialized equipment may adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
To develop our business, we plan to use the business relationships of our management to form strategic relationships. These relationships may take the form of joint ventures with other private parties or local government bodies, contractual arrangements with other companies, including those that supply feedstock that we will use in our business, or minority investments from third parties. We may not be able to establish these strategic relationships, or, if established, we may not be able to maintain these relationships, particularly if members of the management team leave us. In addition, the dynamics of our relationships with strategic partners may require us to incur expenses or undertake activities we would not otherwise be inclined to incur or undertake to fulfill our obligations to these partners or maintain these relationships. If we do not successfully establish or maintain strategic relationships, we may not be able to achieve our business goals and that could adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
Our anticipated production, sale and distribution of biodiesel are dependent on the sufficiency of necessary infrastructure, which may not be put into place on a timely basis, if at all. In this case, our anticipated results of operations and financial condition would be adversely affected by these infrastructure disruptions.
Substantial development of infrastructure will be required by persons and entities outside our control for our operations, and the biodiesel industry generally, to grow. Areas requiring expansion include, but are not limited to:
   
adequate rail capacity, including sufficient numbers of dedicated tanker cars;
   
sufficient storage facilities for feedstock and biodiesel;
   
increases in truck fleets capable of transporting biodiesel within localized markets; and
   
expansion of blending facilities and pipelines to handle biodiesel.
Substantial investments required for these infrastructure changes and expansions may not be made or may not be made on a timely basis. Any delay or failure in making the changes to or expansion of infrastructure could hurt the demand and/or prices for our products, impede our delivery of products, impose additional costs on us or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our anticipated results of operations or financial condition. Our business is dependent on the continuing availability of infrastructure, and any infrastructure disruptions could adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.

 

21


 

We may be unable to locate suitable properties and obtain the development rights needed to build and expand our business, in which case we will not be able to produce our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
Our business plan focuses in part on designing, building and operating biodiesel production plants for our own account within existing liquids-handling terminals adjacent to river, lake and seaports. Our ability to secure suitable plant locations could create unanticipated costs and delays in implementing our business plan. If we are not successful in identifying and obtaining development rights on suitable properties for building and operating biodiesel production plants, our future prospects for profitability will likely be substantially limited, and adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
We may be adversely affected by environmental, health and safety laws, regulations and requirements, any of which could require us to pay or satisfy costs or incur expenses substantially in excess of our business plan.
As we pursue our business plan, we will become subject to various federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to the discharge of materials into the air, water and ground, the generation, storage, handling, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials, and the health and safety of our employees. The cost of compliance with environmental, health and safety laws could be significant. A violation of these laws, regulations and/or permit conditions can result in substantial fines, natural resource damages, criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or facility shutdowns, as well as civil liabilities to affected property owners. In addition, new laws, new interpretations of existing laws, increased governmental enforcement of environmental laws or other developments could require us to make additional significant expenditures.
The hazards and risks associated with producing and transporting biodiesel, in particular due to the presence of methanol (such as fires, natural disasters, explosions and abnormal pressures and blowouts) may also result in personal injury claims or damage to property and third parties. As protection against operating hazards, we intend to maintain insurance coverage against some, but not all, potential losses. However, we could sustain losses for uninsurable or uninsured risks, or in amounts in excess of existing insurance coverage. Events that result in significant personal injury or damage to our property or third parties or other losses that are not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on the anticipated results of our contemplated operations and financial condition.
Our anticipated results of operation and financial condition will suffer if we cannot obtain or maintain governmental permits or licenses that are necessary for the operation of our biodiesel production units by us or by our anticipated licensees.
Our pilot plant and biodiesel production facilities operations will require licenses and permits from various governmental authorities. We believe that we will be able to obtain all necessary licenses and permits to carry on the activities that we contemplate. However, our ability to obtain, sustain or renew such licenses and permits will be continued in compliance with subject to regulations and policies of applicable governmental authorities which are subject to change. Our inability to obtain, loss or denial of extension as to any of these licenses or permits may have a material adverse effect on our anticipated results from operations and financial condition.
Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain protection of our intellectual property.
Our success, competitive position and future revenues will depend in large part on our ability, to obtain, secure and defend patent protection for our products, methods, processes and other technologies, to preserve our trade secrets, to prevent third parties from infringing on our proprietary rights and to operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of third parties. Our interest in these rights is complex and uncertain.
We hold five issued patents (plus one pending application for U.S. patents) on our STT® technology for biodiesel production in the United States and internationally. These issued patents expire between 2011 and 2023. We will also seek to obtain additional patents that we believe may be required to commercialize our products, technologies and methods. We also have patent applications pending in several foreign jurisdictions. We anticipate filing additional patent applications both in the United States and in other countries, as appropriate. However, we cannot predict:

 

22


 

   
the degree and range of protection any patents will afford us against competitors, including whether third parties will find ways to invalidate or otherwise circumvent our patents;
   
if and when patents will issue;
   
if our issued patents will be valid or enforceable;
   
whether or not others will obtain patents claiming aspects similar to those covered by our patents and patent applications; or
   
whether we will need to initiate litigation or administrative proceedings which may be costly whether we win or lose.
Even issued patents may later be found unenforceable, or be restricted or invalidated in proceedings instituted by third parties before various patent offices and courts. Changes in either the patent laws or in the interpretation of patent laws in the United States and other countries may diminish the value of our intellectual property. We are therefore unable to predict the scope of any patent claims in our or in third-party patents that may be issued or may be enforceable.
Our success also depends upon the skills, knowledge and experience of our scientific and technical personnel, our consultants and advisors as well as our licensors and contractors. To help protect our proprietary know-how and our inventions for which patents may be unobtainable or difficult to obtain, we rely on trade secret protection and confidentiality agreements. If any of our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information is disclosed, the value of our trade secrets, know-how and other proprietary rights would be significantly impaired and our business and competitive position would suffer.
It is also possible that our technologies may infringe on patents or other intellectual property rights of others. A dispute regarding the infringement or misappropriation of our proprietary rights or the proprietary rights of others could be costly and result in delays in our commercialization activities. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to operate without infringing on or misappropriating the property rights of others.
Any legal action claiming damages or seeking to enjoin commercial activities relating to the affected products, methods, and processes could require us to obtain a license to continue to use, manufacture or market the affected products, methods or processes, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, or could prevent us from making, using or selling the subject matter claimed in patents held by others and subject us to potential liability damages or could consume a substantial portion of our managerial and financial resources whether we win or lose.
Risks Related to our Participation in the Biodiesel Industry
Increases in the construction of biodiesel production plants may cause excess biodiesel production capacity in the market. Excess capacity may adversely affect the price at which we are able to sell the biodiesel that we produce and may also adversely affect our anticipated results of operation and financial condition.
In 2006, only 200 million gallons of biodiesel were produced in the United States. There is a reported 864 MMgpy of biodiesel production capacity in the United States, with another 1.7 billion gallons per year under construction (for a total of 2,564 MMgpy).
With such an increase in biodiesel production capacity in the United States, compared to historical production levels, there is risk that there will be a significant amount of excess biodiesel production capacity, thereby resulting in significant price competition and the closure of less competitive facilities. Although this existing and pending capacity growth is very large compared to historical production levels, we believe that the market will purchase as much biodiesel as is available, so long as the prices for biodiesel (net of the impact of tax credits and other similar incentives) are competitive with those of petrodiesel.

 

23


 

Our anticipated results of operations, financial condition and business outlook will be highly dependent on commodity prices and the availability of supplies, both of which are subject to significant volatility and uncertainty.
Our operating results will be substantially dependent on commodity prices, especially prices for biodiesel and petroleum diesel, as well as feedstock, equipment and materials used in the construction and operation of our biodiesel production plants. As a result of the volatility of the prices and the scarcity of these items, our results may fluctuate substantially, and we may experience periods of declining prices for our products and increasing costs for our raw materials, which could result in operating losses. Although we may attempt to offset a portion of the effects of fluctuations in prices by entering into forward contracts to supply biodiesel or purchase feedstock or other items or by engaging in transactions involving exchange-traded futures contracts, the amount and duration of these hedging and other risk mitigation activities may vary substantially over time, and these activities also involve substantial risks.
The price of feedstock is influenced by market demand, weather conditions, animal processing and rendering plant decisions, and factors affecting crop yields, farmer planting decisions and general economic, market and regulatory factors. The principal feedstocks for biodiesel currently are soybean oil and palm oil. These factors include government policies and subsidies with respect to agriculture and international trade, and global and local demand and supply. The significance and relative effect of these factors on the price of feedstock is difficult to predict.
Any event that tends to negatively affect the supply of feedstock, such as increased demand, adverse weather or crop disease, could increase feedstock prices and potentially harm our business. In addition, we may also have difficulty, from time to time, in physically sourcing feedstock on economical terms due to supply shortages. Such a shortage could require us to suspend operations until feedstock is available at economical terms, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, anticipated results of operations and financial condition. The price we pay for feedstock at a facility could increase if an additional multi-feedstock biodiesel production plant is built in the same general vicinity or if alternative uses are found for lower cost feedstock.
Biodiesel fuel is a commodity whose price is determined based in part on the price of petroleum diesel, world demand, supply and other factors, all of which are beyond our control. World prices for biodiesel fuel have fluctuated widely in recent years. We expect that prices will continue to fluctuate in the future. Price fluctuations will have a significant impact upon our revenue, the return on our investment in biodiesel production plants and our general financial condition. Price fluctuations for biodiesel fuel may also impact the investment market and our ability to raise investor capital. Although market prices for biodiesel fuel rose to near-record levels during 2005, there is no assurance that these prices will remain at current levels. Future decreases in the prices of biodiesel or petroleum diesel fuel may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and anticipated results of operations.
Both supply and demand in the United States biodiesel industry are highly dependent upon federal and state legislation.
The production of biodiesel is made significantly more competitive by federal and state tax incentives. The federal excise tax incentive program for biodiesel was originally enacted as part of the JOBS Act but is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2008. This program provides blenders, generally distributors, with a one cent tax credit for each percentage point of virgin vegetable oil-derived biodiesel blended with petroleum diesel. For example, distributors that blend virgin soybean-derived biodiesel with petroleum diesel into a B20 blend biodiesel would receive a 20 cent per gallon excise tax credit. The program also provides blenders of recycled oils, such as yellow grease from restaurants, with a one-half cent tax credit for each percentage point of recycled oil-derived biodiesel blended with petroleum diesel. For example, distributors that blend recycled oil-derived biodiesel with petroleum diesel into a B20 blend biodiesel would receive a 10 cent per gallon excise tax credit. In addition, approximately 31 states provide mandates, programs and other incentives to increase biodiesel production and use, such as mandates for fleet use or for overall use within the state, tax credits, financial grants, tax deductions, financial assistance, tax exemptions and fuel rebate programs. These incentives are meant to lower the end-users’ cost of biodiesel in comparison to petroleum diesel. The elimination or significant reduction in the federal excise tax incentive program or state incentive programs benefiting biodiesel could adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.

 

24


 

Reductions in support of biodiesel from government, consumer or special interest groups could adversely impact our business plan and our anticipated results of operation and financial condition.
Federal and state governments in the United States and governments abroad have implemented incentives and mandates in support of biodiesel. Similarly, there has been support from consumers and special interest groups, such as agricultural and environmental groups. Support has even come from the petroleum industry itself, such as BP’s (formerly known as British Petroleum) “beyond petroleum” marketing campaign, and the automobile industry, such as General Motors’ “live green, go yellow” flex-fuel ethanol marketing campaign. The loss of these incentives, including the failure to renew incentives that terminate, could adversely affect our anticipated results of operations and financial condition.
We may be unable to effectively compete in the biodiesel industry.
In many instances, our competitors and potential competitors have, or will have, substantially greater financial, technical, research, and other resources and larger, more established marketing, sales, distribution, and service organizations than we have. Moreover, competitors may have longer operating histories and greater credit worthiness (i.e., in competing for feedstock) than we have, and competitors may offer discounts as a competitive tactic. Our competitors may succeed in developing or marketing technologies or products that are more effective or commercially attractive than our products, or that would render our technologies and products obsolete. Also, we may not have the financial resources, technical expertise, or marketing, distribution, or support capabilities to compete successfully in the future.
We anticipate that competition for the licensing of biodiesel reactors will come primarily from companies that offer competing novel biodiesel production technologies. To compete effectively in licensing biodiesel production technology, we will need to demonstrate the advantages of our STT® Reactor over well-established, traditional chemical reactors, as well as novel technologies and systems. We will also experience competition from other producers of biodiesel.
Our ability to succeed as a biodiesel production company will depend, to a large extent, on our ability to compete for, and obtain, feedstock, obtaining suitable properties for constructing biodiesel production plants and sales of biodiesel and related products. Competition will likely increase as energy prices on the commodities market, including biodiesel and petrodiesel, rise as they have in recent years. This increased competition may also have an adverse impact on our ability to obtain additional capital from investors.
A substantial reduction in crude petroleum oil prices could have an adverse impact on our contemplated business plan by making biodiesel fuel relatively more expensive compared to petrodiesel. Were such a reduction to occur, it would likely adversely affect our anticipated results of operation and financial condition.
With the current elevated prices compared to historical prices of crude petroleum oil, and by extension, petrodiesel, biodiesel can be produced for a cost that is economically practical when compared to the cost to produce petrodiesel. However, if the price of crude petroleum oil should drop substantially, this could have a material adverse effect on the entire biodiesel industry and us.
Risks Related to Investment in our Common Stock
The public market for our common stock is volatile.
Our common stock is currently quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board and since the closing of our private placement offering in January 2007 the trading price has been volatile. An active public market for the common stock may not be sustained. The offering price of our securities in our January 2007 private placement offering is not indicative of future market prices for our securities.

 

25


 

The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the following:
   
actual or anticipated variations in operating results;
   
the limited number of holders of the common stock, and the limited liquidity available through the OTC Bulletin Board;
   
changes in financial estimates by securities analysts;
   
changes in the economic performance and/or market valuations of other energy companies;
   
the timing and type of financing and related dilution impact on the stockholders;
   
our announcement of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
   
additions or departures of key personnel;
   
sales or other transactions involving our capital stock;
   
changes in the market for biodiesel fuel commodities or the capital markets generally, or both;
   
changes in the availability of feedstock on commercially economic terms;
   
changes in the demand for biodiesel fuel, including changes resulting from the expansion of other alternative fuels;
   
changes in the social, political and/or legal climate;
   
announcements of technological innovations or new products available to the biodiesel production industry; and/or
   
announcements by relevant domestic and foreign government agencies related to incentives for alternative energy development programs.
We may not be able to attract the attention of major brokerage firms.
Because we have not yet actively commenced business, or because we became public through a “reverse merger,” security analysts of major brokerage firms may not provide coverage of us. Moreover, brokerage firms may not desire to provide financial advisory services or to conduct secondary offerings on our behalf in the future.
Our common stock may be considered “a penny stock” and may be difficult to sell.
The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define “penny stock” to be an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to specific exemptions. The market price of our common stock is less than $5.00 per share and therefore may be designated as a “penny stock” according to SEC rules. This designation requires any broker or dealer selling these securities to disclose certain information concerning the transaction, obtain a written agreement from the purchaser and determine that the purchaser is reasonably suitable to purchase the securities. These rules may restrict the ability of brokers or dealers to sell the common stock and may affect the ability of investors to sell their shares. In addition, since the common stock is currently traded on the OTC Bulletin Board, investors may find it difficult to obtain accurate quotations of the common stock and may experience a lack of buyers to purchase such stock or a lack of market makers to support the stock price.

 

26


 

A significant number of our shares will be eligible for sale, and their sale could depress the market price of our common stock.
Sales of a significant number of shares of our common stock in the public market following the effectiveness of the registration statement respecting the securities issued in the January 2007 private placement offering could harm the market price of our common stock. As additional shares of our common stock become available for resale in the public market, the supply of common stock will increase, which could decrease the price of our common stock. Some or all of the shares of common stock not being registered on the registration statement, may be offered from time to time in the open market pursuant to Rule 144, and these sales may have a depressive effect on the market for our common stock. In general, a person who has held restricted shares for a period of one year may, upon filing with the SEC a notification on Form 144, sell into the market shares of common stock in an amount equal to the greater of 1% of the outstanding shares or the average weekly number of shares sold in the last four weeks prior to such sale. Such sales may be repeated once every three months, and any of the restricted shares may be sold by a non-affiliate after they have been held for two years. Substantially all of the former shareholders of Kreido Labs have entered into lock-up agreements pursuant to which they have agree to not sell the company shares issued to them in the Merger for a period of 12 months following the merger date of January 12, 2007.
Further, the Registration Rights Agreement mandates that if we fail to have the Form SB-2 declared effective by the SEC by June 14, 2007, we will have to pay each purchaser of Units such number of Units as liquidated damages equal to five percent of the number of Units held by such purchaser. The total liquidated damages will be ten percent if the Form SB-2 is not declared effective by July 14, 2007 and fifteen percent if the Form SB-2 is not declared effective by August 13, 2007. We will have to pay similar liquidated damages should (i) sales of shares of common stock be unable to be made by purchasers of Units after the effective date of the Form SB-2 under certain circumstances or (ii) if our common stock is not listed or included for quotation on an Approved Market or the trading of our common stock is suspended or halted on an Approved Market for more than two full, consecutive trading days with certain exceptions excusing such events. The issuance of these additional Units will dilute the percentage ownership of our other stockholders and the sale of these additional shares may depress the market price of our common stock.
Investors should not anticipate receiving cash dividends on our common stock.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends or distributions on our common stock. We currently intend to retain future earnings to support operations and to finance expansion and therefore do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
We may not be able to continue as a going concern.
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. We have a history of operating losses that are likely to continue in the future. We have included an explanatory paragraph in Note 3 of our financial statements, to the effect that our significant losses from operations and our dependence on equity financing raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
Our operations must begin to provide sufficient revenues to improve our working capital position. Additionally, we will require additional capital to construct our planned biodiesel facilities. If we are unable to raise additional capital we may not be able to continue as a going concern.
Item 2. PROPERTY
Our executive offices are located at 1140 Avenida Acaso, Camarillo, CA 93012 and our phone number is (805) 389-3499. Our executive offices total approximately 7,260 square feet. We currently lease such facilities for $4,525 per month, which lease ends in August 2007.
We also lease 1115 Avenida Acaso, Camarillo, CA 93012, which is approximately 2,800 square feet and which we use primarily for storage. We currently lease such facilities for $2,106 per month, which lease ends in November, 2007.
Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we may be named in claims arising in the ordinary course of business. Currently, no legal proceedings, government actions, administrative actions, investigations or claims are pending against us or involve us that, in the opinion of our management, could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

 

27


 

Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
The Merger pursuant to which we acquired Kreido Labs was authorized by written consent of our shareholders dated November 2, 2006.
By written consent of our shareholders dated November 2, 2006, our shareholders approved the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan.

 

28


 

PART II
Item 5.  
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND SMALL BUSINESS ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our common stock is quoted on the National Association of Securities Dealers OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “KRBF.” While our shares of common stock have been quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board since July 2006, the first trade of our common stock did not take place until November 2006. Since the first trade of our common stock, the closing high bid for a share of our common stock has been $5.00 and the closing low bid has been $0.444. On March 15, 2007, the closing price of our common stock on the OTC Bulletin Board was $1.26.
Our common stock is issued in registered form. Transfer Online, Inc. 317 SW Alder Street, 2 nd Floor, Portland, Oregon 97204, www.transferonline.com (Telephone: (503) 227-2950; Facsimile: (503) 227-6874 is the registrar and transfer agent for our common stock.
Holders
On March 15, 2007, the stockholders’ list of our common stock showed 10,231,483 registered stockholders and 52,532,202 shares outstanding. On March 15, 2007, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the National Association of Securities Dealers OTC Bulletin Board was $1.26 per share.
Dividends
There are no restrictions in our articles of incorporation or bylaws that prevent us from declaring dividends. The Nevada Revised Statutes, however, do prohibit us from declaring dividends where, after giving effect to the distribution of the dividend:
   
we would not be able to pay our debts as they become due in the usual course of business; or
   
our total assets would be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed to satisfy the rights of stockholders who have preferential rights superior to those receiving the distribution.
We have not declared any dividends, and we do not plan to declare any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
As of the end of fiscal year 2006, we had the following securities authorized for issuance under the 2006 Equity Compensation Plan and the adopted 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs:
                         
                    Number of securities remaining
    Number of securities to be   Weighted-average   available for future issuance
    issued upon exercise of   exercise price of   under equity compensation
    outstanding options,   outstanding options,   plans (excluding securities
Plan category   warrants and rights   warrants and rights   reflected in column (a))
    (a)   (b)   (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1)
    1,205,384     $ 1.35       2,644,616  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders(2)
    1,164,983     $ 0.40     —(3)
             
Total
    2,370,367     $ 0.88       2,644,616  

 

29


 

(1)  
Includes options granted under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. On January 12, 2007, our board of directors granted options to acquire 1,205,384 shares of common stock to Dr. Balbien, our President and Chief Executive Officer.
 
(2)  
1,164,983 shares of common stock are issuable upon exercise of outstanding options associated with the 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs, which we adopted at the closing of the Merger. These options are exercisable for shares of our common stock.
 
(3)  
As of the January 12, 2007, the 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs was frozen and no additional securities are available for future issuance under the 1997 Stock Compensation Program. Following the consummation of the Merger, all awards granted under the 1997 Stock Compensation Program are exercisable for shares of our common stock, on an as converted basis at the same ratio at which Kreido Labs’ common stock converted into our common stock pursuant to the Merger.
On November 2, 2006, our board of directors and stockholders approved and adopted our 2006 Equity Compensation Plan. The 2006 Equity Compensation Plan provides for grants of incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights and performance stock grants. Under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, equity awards may be granted from time to time for an aggregate of no more than 3,850,000 shares of our common stock as determined by our board of directors.

 

30


 

Item 6. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS AND PLAN OF OPERATION
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-KSB . This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors.
In addition to historical information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that relate to future events and expectations and, as such, constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include those containing such words as “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “expects”, “hopes”, “targets”, “should”, “will”, “will likely result”, “forecast”, “outlook”, “projects” or similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements.
Background
As the result of the Merger, the Split-Off and the change in our business and operations from a day spa and salon services company to a technology company focusing on the production of biofuel, a discussion of the past financial results of our Company is not pertinent and our financial results as consolidated with Kreido Labs, the accounting acquirer, are presented here. Thus, the discussion of our financial results addresses only Kreido Labs.
Kreido Labs is a corporation founded to develop proprietary technology for building micro-composite materials for electronic applications. In 1995, Kreido Labs began to develop the technology used in the design and assembly of our STT® Reactor. Kreido Labs thereafter sought to develop the technology to improve the speed, completeness and efficiency of certain chemical reactions, including esterifications and transesterifications, in the pharmaceutical and special chemical industries. We designed and developed the STT® Reactor which incorporates our proprietary “spinning tube-in-tube” design configuration to improve the speed and yield of chemical reactions. One of the EPA’s largest laboratories has been using our STT® Reactor-based technology since 2004 to develop and evaluate new chemical processes and develop and optimize protocols for use of the STT® Reactor by public and private entities. Beginning in the last quarter of 2005, Kreido Labs began to evaluate the advantages of the STT® Reactor specifically for the production of biodiesel. In the first quarter of 2006, Kreido Labs elected to focus exclusively on the biodiesel industry and began to prepare and execute our current business plan.
Plan of Operations
We plan to commercialize our proprietary equipment system for biodiesel production on an industrial scale and to become one of the leading providers of biodiesel in the United States and elsewhere. We expect to execute our business plan by generating revenues from multiple sources; 1) by building and operating our own STT® Reactor-based Biodiesel Production Units with an anticipated biodiesel production capacity of approximately 100 MMgpy by the end of 2008; 2) licensing our STT® Reactor-based technology to others which may require one of our production units to be in operation, and 3) in the longer term, by investing in businesses that will develop or use our STT® Reactor-based technology for production of biofuels.
To date, we have accomplished the development and production of our STT® Reactor internally and the development of the STT® Production Unit by outsourcing to a professional engineering firm and a manufacturer of engineered packaged systems. Our engineering partner is R.C. Costello & Assoc. Inc. of Redondo Beach, California. This firm provides engineering design and improvements for chemical plants, natural gas plants and refineries, with an emphasis on process intensification. The firm has 11 years’ experience in reaction engineering, distillation and process safety.
Our manufacturing partner is Certified Technical Services L.P. of Pasadena, Texas. This firm has been a heavy industrial contractor and manufacturer of engineered packaged systems for 20 years.

 

31


 

We plan to directly market and distribute the biodiesel that we produce in our owned and operated facilities to diesel blenders and other distributors of diesel products. We plan to use diversified feedstock in our plants.
We anticipate that we will execute our business strategy with the following actions:
   
place one, possibly two, pilot STT® Reactors in the field, producing ASTM-quality biodiesel;
   
hire additional construction project management, manufacturing, production plant operations, sales, marketing and business development personnel;
   
construct at least one of our three owned production plants equipped with STT® Production Units; and
   
enter into discussion with parties interested in licensing the STT® Production Units for both domestic and international biodiesel production.
We are developing three biodiesel production plants, each of which will employ our STT® Production Units. The development of the biodiesel production plants will require significant expenditures on equipment and materials and we expect to use a majority of the proceeds of the January 2007 private placement in the construction of the pilot and operational plants. As feedstock and biodiesel prices change or as the demand for superior biodiesel production technology increases, we may determine that it is in our best interest to sell or license our STT® Production Units in the near term in lieu of building our second and third plants as soon as we currently plan. We believe that our STT® Production Unit technologies will provide us with price, efficiency and safety advantages when compared to other persons developing conventional biodiesel plants. In the execution of our business plan, we anticipate that we will increase our number of employees in the next 12 months to approximately 85 employees.
The three plants under development are expected to be located in:
   
Chicago, Illinois.
   
Burns Harbor, Indiana.
   
Wilmington, North Carolina.
We believe that we can satisfy our cash requirements for at least the next 9 months.
Results of Operations for fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
Operating Expenses
Loss from operations for fiscal year 2006 was $2.6 million, resulting from $1.5 million of research and development expenses and $1.0 million of general and administrative expenses.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense) for fiscal year 2006 was ($676,000), comprised principally of interest expense of $828,000 offset by other income of $149,000.
Net Loss
Net loss for fiscal year 2006 was $3.3 million, equivalent to a loss of $2.40 per common share.

 

32


 

Comparison of Years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses in fiscal 2006 decreased compared to the amount for the year ended December 31, 2005. Research and development expense in fiscal 2006 decreased by approximately $400,000, or 21%, compared to $1.9 million in fiscal 2005. The decrease related to the commencement of the shift of production away from research and development and into design of our commercial STT reactor for biodiesel production which resulted in a reduction in shop and personnel costs in 2006. General and administrative costs increased to $1.0 million in fiscal 2006 from $630,000 in fiscal 2005. The increase was related to legal fees and consulting costs related to the preparation of the Merger. Additionally, the loss on sale of property and equipment and loss from retirement of assets was attributed to equipment and patents that were no longer relevant to our business. We expect operating costs to increase over the next few years as production activities increase and as we continue to grow and add personnel. Additionally, the company became a public entity in January 2007 and will incur additional costs associated with the requirements of operating as a public reporting entity.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense) for fiscal year 2006 increased by ($323,000), or 92%, when compared to other income (expense) in fiscal year 2005 of ($353,000). In each of fiscal year 2006 and fiscal year 2005, other expense was comprised principally of interest expense of ($828,000) and ($534,000), and in each case offset by other income of $149,000 and $178,000, respectively. We expect interest expense to decrease in 2007 due to the conversion and retirement of debt in January 2007.
Net Loss
Net loss for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 was $3.3 million, or less than 3%, of the net loss of $3.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. There were no net sales or gross profit for the years ended December 31, 2005. We expect to incur net losses for the next couple of years as we continue to develop our STT® Production Units.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Net cash used by operating activities for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 was $2.0 million.
Net cash used by investing activities for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 was $211,000.
Net cash provided by financing activities for fiscal year 2006 was $1.3 million consisting of long-term debt and bridge note financing. The cash inflow for the year ended December 31, 2005 primarily resulted from the issuance of short-term and long-term debt.
Concurrently with the closing on January 12, 2007 of the Merger of Acquisition Sub and Kreido Labs, which was treated as a recapitalization of our company for accounting purposes, we consummated a private offering of 18,518,519 units of our securities at a purchase price of $1.35 per Unit. Each Unit consisted of one share of our common stock and a warrant to acquire one share of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.85 per share. The warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from January 12, 2007. The private placement of the Units resulted in our receiving from the gross proceeds of $25 million, net proceeds of $23.9 million. We anticipate that the net proceeds of the private placement offering of the Units will enable us to carry out our current operating plan to the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2007. Based upon our projected activities, we believe that an additional $20 million in financing will be sufficient to support our current operating plan. However, if our operating plan changes, we may require additional financing at an earlier time. Financing may not be available on terms acceptable to us or our investors, and may be available only on terms that would negatively affect existing stockholders. If adequate funds are not available, we may not be successful in executing our operating plan as anticipated.
In connection with the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding convertible notes payable by our company were either converted into shares of common stock or repaid in full and all of the shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding were converted into shares of common stock. In addition, approximately 94% of the common stock purchase warrants issued and outstanding were exercised for shares of our company’s common stock on a net issue basis. The following pro forma balance sheet gives effect to the Merger and related transactions:

 

33


 

KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
                                 
    Kreido     Kreido Biofuels, Inc.             Pro forma  
    Laboratories     (formerly Gemwood     Pro forma     Consolidated  
    December 31,     Productions, Inc.)     Consolidating     December 31,  
    2006
(audited)
    December 31, 2006
(unaudited)
    Entry
(unaudited)
    2006
(unaudited)
 
ASSETS
                               
Current Assets
                               
Cash
  $ 59,000     $     $ 23,300,000 (6)    $ 23,359,000  
Accounts Receivable
                       
 
                       
Total Current Assets
    59,000             23,300,000       23,359,000  
Furniture & equipment
                         
Fixed assets
    322,000                   322,000  
Intangible assets — patents
    788,000                   788,000  
Other assets
    21,000                   21,000  
 
                       
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 1,190,000     $     $ 23,300,000     $ 24,490,000  
 
                       
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
                               
Current Liabilities
                               
Convertible notes payable
  $ 5,637,000     $     $ (5,637,000 )(1)   $  
Current portion of capital leases
    50,000                   50,000  
Accounts payable
    346,000                   346,000  
Advances payable
    951,000                   951,000  
 
                       
Total Current Liabilities
    6,984,000             (5,637,000 )     1,347,000  
Capital leases less current portion
    66,000                       66,000  
 
                       
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    7,050,000             (5,637,000 )     1,413,000  
 
                       
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
                               
Series A1 convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 549,474 shares; issued and outstanding 549,474
    3,628,000             (3,628,000 )(2)      
Series B1 convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 13,783,783 shares; issued and outstanding 10,011,355 shares
    10,011,000             (10,011,000 )(3)      
Common Stock , no par value. Authorized 150,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 720,501
    103,000             (103,000 )(4)      
Restricted common stock, no par value; issued and outstanding 641,786 shares
    64,000             (64,000 )(5)      
Common Stock $0.001 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding 52,532,202 shares
            3,000 (7)      27,000 (5)         
 
                    22,000 (6)      52,000  
Warrant valuation
                9,272,000 (9)      9,272,000  
Additional paid in capital
    3,469,000       44,000 (7)      18,733,000 (5)         
 
                    14,689,000 (6)      36,935,000  
Accumulated deficit
    (23,126,000 )     (47,000 )           (23,173,000 )
Deferred compensation
    (9,000 )                 (9,000 )
 
                       
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (CAPITAL DEFICIT)
    (5,860,000 )           28,937,000       23,077,000  
 
                       
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (CAPITAL)
  $ 1,190,000     $     $ 23,300,000     $ 24,490,000  
 
                       
(1)  
Conversion of notes payable into 10,224,177 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(2)  
Conversion of Series A1 Preferred Stock into 619,946 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(3)  
Conversion of Series B1 Preferred Stock and certain warrants into 11,770,584 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock and warrants to purchase 294,530 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(4)  
Exchange of common stock, restricted common stock and certain warrants for 2,648,976 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock and warrants to purchase 276,804 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(5)  
Issuance of 25,263,683 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock for all outstanding common stock of Kreido Laboratories.
 
(6)  
Issuance of 18,518,519 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. Common Stock as part of the $25 million private placement offering. The allocation of the proceeds of $25 million, net of approximately $1.6 million in financing costs and $123,000 in paid Bridge notes.
 
(7)  
8,750,000 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock retained by existing shareholders of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. as part of the merger.

 

34


 

KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC.
PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the three month period ended December 31, 2006
                                 
                    Pro forma        
    Kreido     Kreido Biofuels, Inc.     Consolidating     Pro forma  
    Laboratories     (formerly Gemwood)     Entry     Consolidated  
    (Audited)     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  
Sales
  $     $     $     $  
Cost of goods sold
                       
Gross Profit
                       
OPERATING EXPENSES
                               
Research and development
    1,520,000                   1,586,000  
Administrative expenses
    1,004,000       17,000             1,021,000  
Loss on sale of property and equipment
    24,000                   24,000  
Loss on retirement of assets
    43,000                   43,000  
                         
Loss from operations
    (2,591,000 )     (17,000 )           (2,608,000 )
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES)
                               
Interest expense
    (828,000 )                 (828,000 )
Interest income
    3,000                   3,000  
Other income
    149,000                   149,000  
Total other income (expense)
    (676,000 )                 (676,000 )
                         
Loss before income taxes
    (3,267,000 )                 (3,284,000 )
Income tax expense
    (1,000 )                 (1,000 )
                         
NET LOSS FOR THE PERIOD
  $ (3,268,000 )   $ (17,000 )   $     $ (3,285,000 )
                         
BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE
  $ (2.40 )                   $ (0.06 )
                         
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
    1,362,287                       52,532,202 (1)
                         
(1)   Shares used in the computation of wtd average shares outstanding consist, of the following:
         
Stockholders   Share amount  
Kreido Biofuels, Inc. existing shareholders
    8,750,000  
Kreido Labs converted note holders
    10,224,177  
Kreido Labs Series A1 Preferred Stock
    619,946  
Kreido Labs Series B1 Preferred Stock
    11,770,584  
Kreido Labs Common Stockholders
    2,648,976  
Common Stock pursuant to Kreido Biofuels, Inc.'s private placement offering
    18,518,519  
 
     
Total Common Stock outstanding
    52,532,202  
 
     

 

35


 

Related Party Transactions
During 2006 and 2005, G.A. Ben Binninger, a director of our company was engaged as a consultant for Kreido Labs for which services he was paid $72,000 and $40,000, respectively. As a consultant, Mr. Binninger assisted in the development of specialty chemical opportunities for Kreido Labs.
During 2006 and 2005, law firms, of which a member was a director of Kreido Labs, were paid $7,000 and $54,000, respectively, for legal services performed on behalf of Kreido Labs.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Revenue Recognition
Our revenues are expected to be derived from licensing its patented processes, leasing its patented equipment to carry out the licensed processes, providing on-going technical support and know-how, and in the future, the sale of biodiesel. Revenues from product sales will be recorded upon shipment. Revenues from technology licensing will be, based upon the nature of the licensing agreement, recorded upon billing due date established by contractual agreement with the customer or over the term of the agreement. For sales arrangements with multiple elements, we will allocate the undelivered elements based on the price charged when an element is sold separately. Through the end of 2006, we have recognized no significant commercial or licensing revenue. It is anticipated that once we have built and begins operating the commercial biodiesel production plants, the majority of revenue will be based upon the sale of biodiesel to distributors.
Research and Development
Research and development costs related to the design, development, demonstration, and testing of reactor technology are charged to operations as incurred.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
Use of Estimates
Preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods covered by the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Depreciation and Amortization
The provision of depreciation of property and equipment is calculated on a straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, generally ranging from five to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the related asset or the lease term.

 

36


 

Patents
Capitalized patent costs consist of direct costs associated with obtaining patents. Patent costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over 15 years, which is the expected life beginning in the month that the patent is issued. Patent costs are capitalized beginning with the filing of the patent application.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
We continually evaluate whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate the remaining estimated useful life of long-lived assets may warrant revision or that the remaining balance of long-lived assets may not be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. When factors indicate that long-lived assets should be evaluated for possible impairment, we use an estimate of the related undiscounted future cash flows over the remaining life of the long-lived assets in measuring whether they are recoverable. If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows exceed the carrying value of the asset, a loss is recorded as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. No assets were determined to be impaired in 2006 or 2005.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Stock-Based Compensation
Prior to January 1, 2006, we accounted for employee stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value method supplemented by pro forma disclosures in accordance with APB 25 and SFAS 123 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”), as amended by SFAS No. 148 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosures.” Under the intrinsic value based method, compensation cost is the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of the stock at the grant date or other measurement date over the amount an employee must pay to acquire the stock. Under the intrinsic value method, we recognized stock-based compensation common stock on the date of grant.
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS 123(R) “Share Based Payment” using the modified prospective approach and accordingly prior periods have not been restated to reflect the impact of SFAS 123(R). Under SFAS 123(R), stock-based awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 will be charged to expense over the remaining portion of their vesting period. These awards will be charged to expense under the straight-line method using the same fair value measurements which were used in calculating pro forma stock-based compensation expense under SFAS 123. For stock-based awards granted on or after January 1, 2006, we determined stock-based compensation based on the fair value method specified in SFAS 123(R), and we will amortize stock-based compensation expense on the straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
For periods prior to January 1, 2006, SFAS 123(R) requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. Previously under APB 25 to the extent awards were forfeited prior to vesting, the corresponding previously recognized expense was reversed in the period of forfeiture. There is no stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2006.
SFAS 123 requires us to provide pro-forma information regarding net loss as if compensation cost for the stock options granted to the Company’s employees had been determined in accordance with the fair value based method prescribed in SFAS 123. Options granted to non-employees are recognized in these financial statements as compensation expense under SFAS 123 using Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
If the fair value based method under FAS 123 had been applied in measuring stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2005, the pro forma effects on net loss and net loss per share would have been as follows:
                 
            Period from  
            January 13, 1995  
            (Inception) to  
    2005     December 31, 2005  
Net Loss:
               
As reported
  $ (3,198,000 )   $ (19,858,000 )
 
           
Add: stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss
    33,000       691,000  
 
           
Deduct: total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards
    (67,000 )     (965,000 )
 
           
Pro forma
  $ (3,232,000 )   $ (20,132,000 )
 
           
Net loss per share — basic and diluted:
               
As reported
  $ (2.35 )   $ (14.58 )
 
           
Pro forma
  $ (2.37 )   $ (14.78 )
 
           

 

37


 

The fair value of options granted during 2005 was determined using a minimum value pricing model with the following assumptions: risk-free interest rates from 3.24% to 4.46%, expected lives of five to ten years and volatility of 0.01% (applicable to privately held companies). A pro forma income tax benefit has not been reflected due to our uncertain ability to generate future taxable income.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying values reflected in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of convertible notes payable and capital leases approximates their fair value based upon current market borrowing rates with similar terms and maturities.
Comprehensive Loss
Except for net loss, we have no material components of comprehensive loss, and accordingly, the comprehensive loss is the same as the net loss for all periods presented.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2007, the Financial Accounting Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”) which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that not currently required to be measured at fair value. SFAS 159 will be effective for us on January 1, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 159 may gave on our financial condition or results of operations.
In September 2006, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). This SAB provides guidance on the consideration of the effects of prior year misstatements in qualifying current year misstatements for the purpose of a materiality assessment. SAB 108 establishes an approach that requires quantification of financial statement errors based on the effects on each of the company’s balance sheets, statements of operations and related financial statement disclosures. The SAB permits existing public companies to record the cumulative effect of initially applying this approach in the first year ending after November 15, 2006 by recording the necessary correcting adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities as of the beginning of that year with the offsetting adjustment recorded to the opening balance of retained earnings. Additionally, the use if the cumulative effect transition method requires detailed disclosure of the nature and amount of each individual error being corrected through the cumulative adjustment and how and when it arose. We are currently evaluating the impact SAB 108 may have on our financial condition or results of operations.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements. SFAS 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements and, accordingly, does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We do not believe that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have a significant effect on our financial statements.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), which is an interpretation of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS 109”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS 109 and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We do not believe that the adoption of FIN 48 will have a significant effect on our financial statements.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections” (“SFAS No. 154”). SFAS No. 154 is a replacement of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 20 and SFAS No. 3. SFAS No. 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and error corrections. It establishes retrospective application as the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle. SFAS No. 154 provides guidance for determining whether retrospective application of a change in accounting principle is impracticable. SFAS No. 154 also addresses the reporting of a correction of an error by restating previously issued financial statements. SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. We are currently evaluating the impact SFAS 154 may have on our financial condition or results of operations.
In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets — An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140 (“SFAS 156”). SFAS 156 requires that all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities be initially measured at fair value, if practicable. The statement permits, but does not require, the subsequent measurement of servicing assets and servicing liabilities at fair value. SFAS 156 is effective as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006, with earlier adoption permitted. We do not believe the adoption of SFAS 156 will have a significant effect on our financial statements.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(c) of Regulation S-B, promulgated by the SEC.

 

38


 

Item 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our audited financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 follow Item 14, beginning at page F-1.
Item 8. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
Item 8A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2006. Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2006, our disclosure controls and procedures were (1) designed to ensure that material information relating to us, including our consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to our chief executive officer and chief financial officer by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report was being prepared and (2) effective, in that they provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2006 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 8B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.

 

39


 

PART III
     
ITEM 9.    DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS; COMPLIANCE WITH SECTION 16(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT.
During 2006 and early 2007, we were reorganized and recapitalized (as discussed in Part I of this report) and changed our business to developing technology to improve the speed, completeness and efficiency of certain chemical reactions to being engaged in the development of a system for the production of diesel motor fuel that is derived from vegetable oils and classified under industry standards as biodiesel. As part of these changes, the composition of our board of directors and our executive officers has changed. On January 12, 2007, as a result of the Merger, Stephen B. Jackson and Victor Manuel Savceda, who constituted all of the directors before the Merger, appointed Betsy Wood Knapp, Joel A. Balbien, G.A. Ben Binninger and Joseph Marks to fill vacancies on our board of directors. Also on January 12, 2007, Messrs. Jackson and Savceda resigned from the board of directors, Mr. Jackson, the only officer, resigned as president, secretary and chief financial officer, and new executive officers were elected by the board of directors. Our directors and executive officers, their ages, positions held, and duration as such, are listed in the following table under “Directors and Executive Officers.” All directors of our company hold office until the next meeting of the stockholders at which directors are elected, or until the earlier of their death, resignation or removal, or until their successors have been qualified.
After the Merger, the following changes have occurred concerning our directors and officers. On February 2, 2007, Mr. Marks resigned from our board of directors because of his resignation as an employee of Smart Technology Ventures III Management, LLC and Smart Technology Ventures III SBIC Management, LLC. On March 15, 2007, G.A. Ben Binninger ceased being our company’s Chief Operating Officer but maintained his position on the board of directors.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
                 
Name   Age   Position   Date First Elected or Appointed
Joel A. Balbien, CFA , Ph.D.
    52     President; Chief Executive Officer; Director   January 12, 2007
Philip Lichtenberger
    50     Senior Vice President; Chief Financial Officer   January 12, 2007
Alan McGrevy
    60     Vice President of Engineering   January 12, 2007
John M. Philpott
    46     Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer   March 19, 2007
Betsy Wood Knapp
    63     Chairperson of the Board; Director   January 12, 2007
G.A. Ben Binninger
    58     Director   January 12, 2007
Joel A. Balbien, CFA, Ph.D. , President and Chief Executive Officer, Director.
Joel A. Balbien, age 52, joined Kreido Labs as an employee in November 2006 as President, Chief Executive Officer and director and was appointed to those same positions with Kreido Biofuels, Inc. on January 12, 2007. Dr. Balbien has 25 years of experience in the energy technology sector and 10 years of experience with early stage growth companies. Dr. Balbien has served as a director of Kreido Labs since 1999. Dr. Balbien is the co-founder, and was a Managing Member from 2000 until January 12, 2007, of Smart Technology Ventures, a Southern Californian venture capital firm and significant investor in Kreido Labs. Dr. Balbien received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Economics from the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California, and earned a CFA credential from the CFA Institute.

 

40


 

Philip Lichtenberger, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.
Philip Lichtenberger, age 50, has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Kreido Labs since 1997 and joined Kreido Biofuels, Inc. as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on January 12, 2007. Mr. Lichtenberger has 25 years of experience in technology and engineering in senior roles in Fortune 500 companies. Mr. Lichtenberger’s operations background includes III-V semiconductors, optoelectronics, microelectronics and networking equipment. His technical background includes energy systems design and RF electronics. Mr. Lichtenberger has B.A. degrees in Physics and Philosophy from Beloit College in Beloit, Wisconsin and is a member of Phi Beta Kappa.
Alan McGrevy, Vice President of Engineering.
Alan McGrevy, age 60, has served as Vice President of Engineering for Kreido Labs since 2000 and joined Kreido Biofuels, Inc. in the same capacity on January 12, 2007. Mr. McGrevy is a research and development manager with 35 years of experience in commercial engineering in large and small companies. Mr. McGrevy is a major contributor to our intellectual property and is co-inventor of the STT® Reactor. Mr. McGrevy is named in 11 additional patents outside of his work for us. He has experience in conducting research and development and in commercializing new technologies.
John M. Philpott, Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer.
John M. Philpott, age 46, joined Kreido Biofuels, Inc. on March 19, 2007 as Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer. From September 2006 until joining Kreido Biofuels, Inc., Mr. Philpott served as a Partner with Aegis Advisors, LLC, a private management company. For more than 10 years before joining Aegis Advisors, LLC, Mr. Philpott held the position of CFO, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary with Miravant Medical Technologies, Inc., a publicly held pharmaceutical research and development company engaged in drug and laser light development. Mr. Philpott has B.S. degrees in Business Administration — Accounting and Business Administration — Management Information Systems from California State University Northridge.
Betsy Wood Knapp , Chairperson of the Board, Director.
Betsy Wood Knapp, age 63, joined Kreido Biofuels, Inc. on January 12, 2007 as Chairperson of the Board. Ms. Knapp is an entrepreneur who has been investing and supporting early stage growth companies for 33 years. In 1995, Ms. Knapp founded Los Angeles-based BigPicture Investors, LLC to finance West Coast startups with patented enabling technologies. Ms. Knapp also served as BigPicture Investors’ CEO from inception to date. She has also been a founder or CEO of five software and new media companies. Ms. Knapp has extensive management experience in creating strategic direction for business growth. At the Anderson Graduate School of Management at UCLA, she is a founder of the Entrepreneur’s Hall, serves on the Board of Visitors, is a repeat guest lecturer in the MBA program and established the Knapp Competition for excellence in business planning and venture initiation. Ms. Knapp is also a board member of the UCLA Foundation, where she serves as the Chairperson of the Philanthropy Committee. Ms. Knapp is also a founding member of the Committee of 200, a highly selective international organization of women entrepreneurs and corporate executives. She received a B.A. degree in economics from Wellesley College where she also serves as a Trustee.
G.A. Ben Binninger , Director .
G.A. Ben Binninger, age 58, became a director of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. on January 12, 2007. He served as Chief Operating Officer of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. from January 12, 2007 to March 15, 2007. Mr. Binninger has 30 years of experience in the chemicals and fuels industry. Mr. Binninger has hands-on experience leading both large and small technologically sophisticated global process and service businesses with expertise in strategic positioning, profit enhancement, financial restructuring, organizational realignment, mergers and acquisitions, cost control and environmental matters. From 2003 to 2006, Mr. Binninger served as a consultant to Kreido Labs relating to the development and evaluation of specialty chemical opportunities. Prior to that, from 1995 to 2003, Mr. Binninger served as Senior Vice President of Rio Tinto Borax, which operates California’s largest open pit mine in Boron, California. Mr. Binninger has a B.E. degree in Chemical Engineering from Manhattan College and a M.B.A. from Harvard University.

 

41


 

Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to all officers and employees of our company including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and controller, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of our code of ethics is attached to this report on Form 10-KSB. If we make any amendments to our Code of Ethics other than technical, administrative, or other non-substantive amendments, or grant any waivers, including implicit waivers, from a provision of our Code of Ethics to a covered person, we will disclose the nature of the amendment or waiver, its effective date and to whom it applies by posting such information on our Internet website ( http://www.kreido.com ).
Board Committees
The board of directors currently has two standing committees: the audit committee and the compensation committee. Betsy Wood Knapp currently serves as the sole member of both the audit committee and the compensation committee.
ITEM 10. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
                                                                         
                                                    Change in              
                                                    Pension Value              
                                            Non-     and              
                                            Equity     Nonqualified              
                            Stock             Incentive     Deferred     All Other        
Name and                   Bonus     Awards     Option     Plan     Compensation     Compensation        
Principal Position   Year     Salary ($)     ($)     ($) (4)     Awards ($)     Awards ($)     Earnings ($)     ($)     Total ($)  
Victor Manuel Savceda (1)
    2006                                                  
President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer & Director
    2005
2004
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Stephen B. Jackson (1)
    2006                                                  
President, Chief Financial
                                                                       
                                                                       
Joel A. Balbien (2)
    2006     $ 33,333                                         $ 33,333  
Chief Executive Officer, Director
                                                                       
Philip Lichtenberger
    2006       180,604                                           180,604  
Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
    2005       170,604       26,235       8,053                               204,892  
    2004       170,604                   22,103 (3)                       192,707  
Alan McGrevy (5)
    2006       158,553                                           158,553  
Vice President of Engineering
    2005       149,949       14,430       8,053                               172,432  
    2004       150,051                   4,949 (3)                       155,000  
(1)  
Messrs. Savceda and Jackson were officers and directors prior to the Merger. Neither served in any capacity with Kreido Labs. Mr. Savceda resigned as president, chief executive officer, chief financial officer and secretary effective November 2, 2006. Mr. Jackson resigned as president, chief financial officer and secretary effective January 12, 2007. Compensation information for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2005 and September 30, 2006.
 
(2)  
Dr. Balbien joined Kreido Labs as Chief Executive Officer in November 2006.

 

42


 

(3)  
“Gross-ups,” or reimbursement for payment of taxes, in the amounts of $22,103 to Mr. Lichtenberger and $4,949 to Mr. McGrevy.
 
(4)  
We have recorded $33,000 of compensation expense in 2005 relating to stock awards and stock options, respectively, issued to officers. The per share weighted average fair value of stock options expensed for the year ended December 31, 2005 was $0.03 on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions in 2005: expected dividend yield Nil%; expected volatility of 0.01%; risk-free interest rate of 4.13%; and expected life of 10 years.
 
(5)  
Mr. McGrevy became Vice President of Engineering of Kreido Labs in April 2005. Prior to that time, he was the Director of Engineering of Kreido Labs.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal-Year End
                                                                         
    Option Awards     Stock Awards  
                    Equity                                             Equity Incentive  
                    Incentive Plan                                     Equity Incentive     Plan Awards:  
                    Awards:                             Market     Plan Awards:     Market or  
    Number of     Number of     Number of                     Number of     Value of     Number of     Payout Value of  
    Securities     Securities     Securities                     Shares or     Shares or     Unearned     Unearned  
    Underlying     Underlying     Underlying                     Units of     Units of     Shares, Units or     Shares, Units or  
    Unexercised     Unexercised     Unexercised     Option     Option     Stock That     Stock That     Other Rights     Other Rights  
    Options (#)     Options (#)     Unearned     Exercise     Expiration     Have Not     Have Not     That Have Not     That Have Not  
Name   Exercisable     Unxercisable     Options (#)     Price ($)     Date     Vested (#)     Vested ($)     Vested (#)     Vested ($)  
Philip Lichtenberger
    133,333       106,667 (1)           0.10       4/1/2015       33,848 (2)     34,000              
Alan McGrevy
    133,333       106,667 (1)           0.10       4/1/2015       33,976 (2)     34,000              
(1)  
Option was granted on April 1, 2005 and vests in 36 installments as follows: (a) on May 1, 2005, 6,668 shares; (b) in each subsequent month for 34 months, an additional 6,667 shares; and (c) on March 1, 2008 the remaining balance of 6,655 shares.
 
(2)  
The Forfeiture Condition (as defined in the Stock Grant Agreements) lapsed on the date of grant with respect to a portion of the shares and will lapse with respect to an additional 2.2% of the remaining shares each month thereafter.
2006 Equity Incentive Plan
Before the closing of the Merger, our board of directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2006 Plan. A total of 3,850,000 shares of our common stock are currently reserved for issuance under the 2006 Plan. If an incentive award granted under the 2006 Plan expires, terminates, is unexercised or is forfeited, or if any shares are surrendered to us in connection with an incentive award, the shares subject to such award and the surrendered shares will become available for further awards under the 2006 Plan.
As of December 31, 2006, 3,850,000 shares of our common stock were available for issuance under the 2006 Plan, and no options to purchase these shares were outstanding. Since the inception of the 2006 Plan, no shares of common stock have been issued upon the exercise of options granted under the plan. Through March 15, 2007, options to purchase a total of 1,205,384 shares of common stock were granted under the 2006 Plan.

 

43


 

Employment Agreement
Joel A. Balbien
On January 12, 2007 and in connection with the Merger, we assumed the employment agreement between Kreido Labs and Dr. Balbien pursuant to which Dr. Balbien holds the positions of President and Chief Executive Officer.
Dr. Balbien’s Employment Agreement provides for a term of one year with an annual base salary of $200,000, and a bonus of up to $150,000 payable quarterly, with the first installment of $37,500 paid upon the closing of the offering of our common stock. The remaining bonus, or a fraction of it, shall be paid at the end of each subsequent quarter, based on achievement of performance-related financial and operating targets agreed upon by Dr. Balbien and by the Compensation Committee. Under the terms of the agreement, on January 12, 2007, Dr. Balbien was granted non-qualified stock options to purchase an aggregate of 1,205,384 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.35 per share. The term of the option is ten years from the date of grant. The option becomes vested and exercisable in eight (8) quarterly installments of approximately 150,673 shares each, commencing on the quarterly anniversary of January 12, 2007. If Dr. Balbien’s employment is terminated for Cause (as defined in the agreement), all the awards, whether or not vested, immediately expire. If Dr. Balbien voluntarily terminates his employment without Good Reason (as defined in the agreement), then all unvested awards immediately expire, and vested awards expire on the later of (i) 90 days after the termination of employment, and (ii) the expiration of the lock-up agreement. If Dr. Balbien’s employment is terminated in connection with a Change of Control (as defined in the agreement), by us without Cause or by him for Good Reason, one-half of all unvested installments of the option vest immediately, up to a maximum of options to purchase 301,346 shares, and become effective the date of termination of employment, and remain exercisable up to one year thereafter. Dr. Balbien is eligible to participate in our incentive, savings, retirement and other welfare benefit plans in substantially the same manner and at substantially the same levels as we make such opportunities available to all of our managerial or salaried executive employees.
Subject to certain notice requirements, either we or Dr. Balbien will be entitled to terminate the agreement at any time. Dr. Balbien may terminate the agreement and his employment for Good Reason and if he does so, or if we terminate the agreement without Cause, we are obligated to pay him (i) any earned but unpaid base salary, unpaid bonus previously granted and unused vacation days, (ii) severance pay in the amount of six months of base salary and (iii) continued coverage at our expense under all benefit plans through the scheduled end of his employment. Dr. Balbien may terminate the agreement and his employment at any time other than for Good Reason by providing at least 90 days’ prior notice to us, in which case, we have no further obligation or liability to him except to pay any earned but unpaid base salary and unused vacation days.
Under the agreement, Dr. Balbien is subject to traditional non-competition and employee non-solicitation restrictions while he is employed by us and during any period in which he continues to receive his base salary following termination of the agreement.
Phillip Lichtenberger
On October 17, 2003, Kreido Labs agreed to provide Mr. Lichtenberger with 90 days of severance pay if he is terminated without cause. We are bound by the terms of this agreement.
Insurance and Indemnity
Prior to the Merger, we agreed to purchase and maintain directors and officers liability insurance in the amount of at least $1,000,000 covering our officers and directors. As of the merge date, we have purchased and maintain directors and officers liability insurance in the amount of $10,000,000 covering our officers and directors. We intend to enter into Indemnity Agreements with each of our officers and directors that assures those individuals with indemnification and defense cost reimbursement protection to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada law. We believe that providing full indemnity protection is necessary to attract and retain qualified executives and board members.
Director Compensation
Members of our board of directors are eligible to participate in our 2006 Plan. There are currently no other compensation arrangements in place for members of the board of directors who are not also our executive officers. We expect to establish these arrangements as new members are appointed to the board of directors.

 

44


 

ITEM 11. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
As of the end of fiscal year 2006, we had the following securities authorized for issuance under the 2006 Equity Compensation Plan and the adopted 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs:
                         
                    Number of securities remaining
    Number of securities to be   Weighted-average   available for future issuance
    issued upon exercise of   exercise price of   under equity compensation
    outstanding options,   outstanding options,   plans (excluding securities
Plan category   warrants and rights   warrants and rights   reflected in column (a))
    (a)   (b)   (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1)
    1,205,384     $ 1.35       2,644,616  
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders(2)
    1,164,983     $ 0.40     —(3)
             
Total
    2,370,367     $ 0.88       2,644,616  
(1)  
Includes options granted under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. On January 12, 2007, our board of directors granted options to acquire 1,205,384 shares of common stock to Dr. Balbien, our President and Chief Executive Officer at an exercise price of $1.35 per share.
 
(2)  
1,164,983 shares of common stock are issuable upon exercise of outstanding options associated with the 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs, which we adopted at the closing of the Merger. These options are exercisable for shares of our common stock.
 
(3)  
As of the January 12, 2007, the 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs was frozen and no additional securities are available for future issuance under the 1997 Stock Compensation Program. Following the consummation of the Merger, all awards granted under the 1997 Stock Compensation Program are exercisable for shares of our common stock, on an as converted basis at the same ratio at which Kreido Labs’ common stock converted into our common stock pursuant to the Merger.
On November 2, 2006, our then board of directors and stockholders approved and adopted our 2006 Equity Compensation Plan. The 2006 Equity Compensation Plan provides for grants of incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights and performance stock grants. Under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, equity awards may be granted from time to time for an aggregate of no more than 3,850,000 shares of our common stock as determined by our board of directors.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of March 15, 2007 by (i) each person who, to our knowledge, beneficially owns more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the common stock; (ii) each of our directors and executive officers; and (iii) all of our executive officers and directors as a group. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes to the following table, each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power. Shares of common stock subject to options or warrants currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 15, 2007 are deemed outstanding for computing the share ownership and percentage of the person holding such options and warrants, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person.

 

45


 

                 
    Shares Beneficially Owned  
    Number of Shares     Percentage  
    Beneficially     of Common Stock  
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (2)   Owned     Outstanding (1)  
Smart Technology Ventures and affiliates (3)
    13,004,185       23.6 %
Wellington Management Company, LLP (4)
    10,200,000       17.7 %
Betsy Wood Knapp (5)
    4,811,309       9.1 %
David Mandel (6)
    3,735,549       7.1 %
David R. Fuchs (7)
    3,677,254       7.0 %
Joel A. Balbien
    150,673 (8)      
Ben Binninger (9)
    261,190       *  
Philip Lichtenberger (10)
    485,680       *  
Alan McGrevy (11)
    350,843       *  
John M. Philpott
           
Executive Officers and Directors as a Group
    6,059,695       11.3 %
*  Less than 1%.
(1)  
Based on 52,532,202 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. stock issued and outstanding as of March 15, 2007.
 
(2)  
Each of our directors and executive officers may be reached at 1140 Avenida Acaso, Camarillo, California 93012, telephone (805) 389-3499.
 
(3)  
Includes shares to be held of record by Smart Technology Ventures Advisors, LLC and its affiliates, Smart Technology Ventures III SBIC, L.P., or STV III SBIC, Smart Technology Ventures, II, LLC, Smart Technology Ventures, III, L.P., and the Y & S Nazarian Revocable Trust. Includes 9,428,831 shares of common stock (which number includes 740,741 shares of common stock underlying warrants) beneficially owned by Smart Technology Ventures III SBIC, L.P., 3,148,150 shares of common stock (which number includes 1,574,075 shares of common stock underlying warrants) beneficially owned by the Y&S Nazarian Revocable Trust, and 427,204 shares of common stock (which number includes 213,604 shares of common stock underlying warrants) beneficially owned by the Younes Nazarian 2006 Annuity Trust. Smart Technology Ventures and affiliates address is 1801 Century Park West, 5 th Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90067.
 
(4)  
Wellington Management, in its capacity as investment adviser, may be deemed to beneficially own 10,200,000 shares of our common stock which are held of record by clients of Wellington Management. Such number includes 5,100,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants. Wellington’s address is 75 State Street, Boston, MA 02109.
 
(5)  
Includes 4,811,309 shares of common stock (which number includes 218,978 shares of common stock underlying warrants) beneficially owned by Betsy Wood Knapp and held of record by the Knapp Trust u/t/d 7/1/2004, of which Cleon T. Knapp and Betsy Wood Knapp are the trustees. The Knapp Trust acquired 4,373,353 shares of our common stock in the Merger.
 
(6)  
Includes 3,735,549 shares of common stock (which number includes 220,092 shares of common stock underlying warrants) beneficially owned by Mr. Mandel. Mr. Mandel acquired 3,295,365 shares of common stock in the Merger. Mr. Mandel acquired 3,295,365 shares of our common stock in the Merger. Mr. Mandel’s address is c/o Moss Adams, 11766 Wilshire Blvd 9 th floor, Los Angeles, CA 90025.
 
(7)  
Includes 2,665,775 shares of common stock (which number includes 95,645 shares of common stock underlying warrants) beneficially owned by Mr. Fuchs and 1,011,479 shares of common stock (which number includes 123,333 shares of common stock underlying warrants) beneficially owned by the David R. Fuchs Charitable Remainder Trust. Mr. Fuchs acquired 2,464,485 shares of our common stock in the Merger. Mr. Fuch’s address is 1140 Avenida Acaso, Camarillo, California 93012.
 
(8)  
Shares of common stock underlying options awarded under the 2006 Equity Compensation Plan which are exercisable within 60 days of March 15, 2007.

 

46


 

(9)  
Includes 33,848 shares of common stock underlying options awarded under the 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs and 227,342 shares of common stock underlying warrants, all of which are exercisable within 60 days of March 15, 2007.
 
(10)  
Includes 296,002 shares of restricted stock, 188,042 shares of common stock underlying options awarded under the 1997 Stock Compensation Program of Kreido Labs and 1,636 shares of common stock underlying warrants, all of which are exercisable within 60 days of March 15, 2007.
 
(11)  
Includes 162,801 shares of restricted stock, 188,042 shares of common stock underlying options awarded under the 1997 Stock Compensation Program, all of which are exercisable within 60 days of March 15, 2007.
Changes in Control
We are unaware of any contract or other arrangement of the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of our company.
ITEM 12. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Transactions with Directors of Kreido Biofuels
Prior to the closing of the Merger, Kreido Biofuels transferred all of its operating assets and liabilities to Leaseco, a wholly-owned subsidiary, and on January 12, 2007, split-off Leaseco through the sale of all of the outstanding capital stock of Leaseco. In connection with the Split-Off, 19,444,444 shares of common stock held by Mr. Savceda, a former director of our company (prior to the Merger), were surrendered and cancelled without further consideration.
Transactions with Officers, Directors and Principal Shareholders of Kreido Labs
During 2004, 2005 and through October 31, 2006, Kreido Labs entered into a series of financing transactions with the following officers, directors and principal shareholders, or the Related Parties:
   
STV III SBIC, a limited partnership that, together with its affiliates, Smart Technology Ventures, II, LLC, and Smart Technology Ventures, III, beneficially owns more than 5% of our issued and outstanding voting securities. Dr. Joel A. Balbien, who is our Chief Executive Officer and President and a member of our board of directors resigned as a managing member of STV III SBIC and its affiliates as of January 12, 2007;
   
Betsy Wood Knapp, the Chairperson of our board of directors and a beneficial owner of more than 5% of our issued and outstanding voting securities;
   
David Mandel, a beneficial owner of more than 5% of our issued and outstanding voting securities; and
   
David R. Fuchs, a beneficial owner of more than 5% of our issued and outstanding voting securities.
In the financing transactions entered into during 2004 and through the first seven months of 2005, Kreido Labs issued convertible promissory notes in the aggregate original principal amount of $3,242,000 to the Related Parties in the following respective aggregate principal amounts:

 

47


 

     
Related Party   Aggregate Principal Amount
STV III SBIC and affiliates
  $1,738,000
Ms. Knapp
       595,000
Mr. Mandel
       597,000
Mr. Fuchs
       313,000
The notes issued during this period bore interest at the rate of 10% per annum and were due on January 31, 2007. As of October 31, 2006, no amount of the original principal had been repaid. The notes, on their terms, were convertible into shares of a class of convertible preferred stock issuable by Kreido Labs.
In the financing transactions that we entered into with the Related Parties in the last five months of 2005 and during the 10 month period ended October 31, 2006, we issued convertible promissory notes in the aggregate original principal amount of $2,762,000 in the following respective aggregate principal amounts:
     
Related Party   Aggregate Principal Amount
STV III SBIC and affiliates
  $1,200,000
Ms. Knapp
       400,000
Mr. Mandel
       400,000
Mr. Fuchs and related entities
       762,000
The notes bear interest at the rate of 12% per annum and are due on January 31, 2007. As of October 31, 2006, no amount of the original principal amount had been repaid. The notes were convertible into shares of a class of convertible preferred stock issuable by Kreido Labs.
In November 2006, the Related Parties agreed to stop accrual of interest on the notes as of October 31, 2006 and convert their convertible notes and accumulated interest from the notes into shares of Kreido Labs’ common stock at the rate of one share for each $1.00 of outstanding principal and accrued interest. The Related Parties received an aggregate of 7,184,891 shares of Kreido Labs common stock which converted into 8,106,375 shares of our common stock in the Merger, at the same exchange rate at which all other common shares of Kreido Labs were converted into shares of our common stock. The numbers of shares issued to each of the Related Parties on January 12, 2007 following the conversion of these notes were as follows:
     
Related Party   Shares
STV III SBIC and affiliates
  3,774,522
Ms. Knapp
  1,279,289
Mr. Mandel
  1,281,640
Mr. Fuchs
  1,305,427
In addition, as part of their purchase of convertible promissory notes in November, 2006, the Related Parties acquired warrants to acquire preferred shares of Kreido Labs. In September and October 2006, the Related Parties agreed to exercise their warrants on a cashless exercise basis and accept shares of Kreido Labs’ common stock upon their exercise at the rate of one share for each $1.54 of value to which the holder is entitled under the warrant. The shares issued to the Related Parties were converted into shares of our common stock at the same exchange rate at which all other shares of Kreido Labs common stock were converted into shares of our common stock in the Merger. As a result, upon completion of the Merger, shares of our common stock were issued to the Related Parties, as follows:

 

48


 

     
Related Party   Shares
STV III SBIC and affiliates
  1,025,249
Ms. Knapp
     348,998
Mr. Mandel
     349,819
Mr. Fuchs
     248,873
In November 2006, Kreido Labs issued promissory notes to certain of the Related Parties as part of the bridge financing. These Related Parties agreed to convert the $250,000 borrowed by Kreido Labs in November 2006 into units in our private placement offering at the rate of one unit for each $1.35 of debt under the promissory notes. These Related Parties received an aggregate of 185,188 Units on January 12, 2007, as follows:
         
Related Party   Aggregate Principal Amount   Units in Offering
Y & S Nazarian Revocable Trust
  $125,000   92,593
Ms. Knapp
      42,000   30,864
Mr. Mandel
      42,000   30,867
Mr. Fuchs
      42,000   30,864
The Y & S Nazarian Revocable Trust is partner of STV III SBIC and its related entities.
In December 2006, Kreido Labs issued additional promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $120,000 to certain Related Parties as part of a bridge financing in advance of the private offering of securities that we closed on January 12, 2007. These Related Parties agreed to have their promissory notes repaid with the proceeds of the private placement offering that closed on January 12, 2007. The notes were repaid by us upon the closing of the Merger and the private offering of our securities.
G.A. Ben Binninger has been a consultant to Kreido Labs and was paid $72,000 and $40,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Director Independence
Betsy Wood Knapp, Joel A. Balbien, and G.A. Ben Binninger currently serve as our directors. Our board of directors has determined that Ms. Knapp is an “independent” director, as that term is defined by applicable listing standards of the Nasdaq Stock Market and SEC rules.

 

49


 

ITEM 13. EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are either filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference:
             
Exhibit No.   Description   Reference
       
 
   
  2.1    
Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and among Kreido Biofuels, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Kreido Acquisition Corp., a California corporation and Kreido Laboratories, a California corporation.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  3.1    
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. (f/k/a Gemwood Productions, Inc.).
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  3.3    
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.*
   
       
 
   
  4.1    
Form of Investor Warrant of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  4.2    
Form of Lock-Up Agreement by and between Tompkins Capital Group and each of the officers and directors of Kreido Biofuels, Inc., and certain stockholders of Kreido Laboratories.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.1    
Escrow Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc., Joel A. Balbien and Gottbetter & Partners, LLP.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.2    
Form of Subscription Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and the investors in the Offering.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.3    
Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and the investors in the Offering.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.4    
Split-Off Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and among Kreido Biofuels, Inc., Victor Manuel Savceda, Kreido Laboratories and Gemwood Leaseco, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.5    
Employment Agreement, dated November 1, 2006, by and between Kreido Laboratories and Joel A. Balbien.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.6    
Form of Indemnity Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and Outside Directors of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).

 

50


 

             
Exhibit No.   Description   Reference
       
 
   
  10.7    
2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.8    
Stock Option Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and Joel A. Balbien dated as of January 12, 2007.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.9    
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and participants under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.10    
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and participants under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.11    
Employment Agreement, dated March 19, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and John M. Philpott.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.12    
Binding Term Sheet by and between Kreido Labratories and Tompkins Capital Group dated as of September 1, 2006*
   
       
 
   
  10.13    
Amendment to Binding Term Sheet by and between Kreido Labratories and Tompkins Capital Group dated as of October 25, 2006*
   
       
 
   
  10.14    
Form of Indemnity Agreement for officers and directors*
   
       
 
   
  14.1    
Code of Ethics*
   
       
 
   
  21.1    
Subsidiaries of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  23.1    
Consent of Vasquez & Company LLP.*
   
       
 
   
  31.1    
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*
   
       
 
   
  31.2    
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*
   
       
 
   
  32.1    
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer provided pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
   
       
 
   
  32.2    
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer provided pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
   
_______________
* Filed herewith

 

51


 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Audit and Related Fees
The following table presents fees for professional audit services rendered by Vasquez & Company LLP for the audit of our company’s annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and fees billed for other services rendered by Vasquez & Company LLP during 2006.
                 
    2006     2005  
Audit fees
  $ 36,000     $ 57,000  
Audit-related fees
  $ 33,000     $  
Tax fees
  $     $  
Other fees
  $     $  
 
           
Total:
  $ 69,000     $ 57,000  
Pre-approval Policies and Procedures
Our audit committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent auditor. These services may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services, and other services. Pre-approval is generally provided for up to one year and any pre-approval is detailed as to the specific service or category of service and is generally subject to a specific budget. The independent auditor and management are required to periodically communicate to our audit committee regarding the extent of services provided by the independent auditor in accordance with this pre-approval, and the fees for the services performed to date. Our audit committee may also pre-approve particular services on a case-by-case basis.

 

52


 

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
         
  KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Joel A. Balbien    
    Joel A. Balbien, CEO and Director   
    (Principal Executive Officer)
 
Date: April 3, 2007
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
         
Signature   Title   Date
 
       
/s/ Joel A. Balbien
  Chief Executive Officer and Director   April 3, 2007
         
Joel A. Balbien
  (Principal Chief Executive)    
 
       
/s/ Philip Lichtenberger
  Chief Financial Officer   April 3, 2007
         
Philip Lichtenberger
       
 
       
/s/ John M. Philpott
  Chief Accounting Officer   April 3, 2007
         
John M. Philpott
  (Principal Accounting Officer)    
 
       
/s/ G.A. Ben Binninger
  Director   April 3, 2007
         
G.A. Ben Binninger
       
 
       
/s/ Betsy Wood Knapp
  Director   April 3, 2007
         
Betsy Wood Knapp
       

 

53


 

KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC.
(Formerly Gemwood Productions, Inc.)
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2006 and 2005
INDEX
     
    Page
 
   
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
  F-2
 
   
Balance Sheets
  F-3
 
   
Statements of Operations
  F-4
 
   
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Capital Deficit)
  F-5
 
   
Statements of Cash Flows
  F-6 to F7
 
   
Notes to Financial Statements
  F-8 to F-25

 

F-1


 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Kreido Laboratories
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Kreido Laboratories, formerly known as Holl Technologies Company (a development stage company), as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity (capital deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended and for the period from January 13, 1995 (inception) to December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Kreido Laboratories as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended and for the period from January 13, 1995 (inception) to December 31, 2006 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. As more fully discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements, the Company has incurred significant losses in recent years, has an accumulated deficit of $23,126,000 and a total capital deficit of $5,860,000 at December 31, 2006. It has used all of its available cash in its operating activities in recent years and has a significant working capital deficiency. These matters raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in these regards are also discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements. The aforementioned financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ Vasquez & Company LLP
 
Los Angeles, California
March 30, 2007

 

F-2


 

Kreido Laboratories
(A Development Stage Company)
 
Balance Sheets
                 
    December 31  
    2006     2005  
ASSETS
               
Current assets
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 59,000     $ 1,002,000  
Accounts receivable
          1,000  
 
           
Total current assets
    59,000       1,003,000  
Property and equipment — net (Note 4)
    322,000       252,000  
Patents, less accumulated amortization of $278,000 and $216,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively
    788,000       753,000  
Other assets
    21,000       6,000  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 1,190,000     $ 2,014,000  
 
           
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (CAPITAL DEFICIT)
               
Current liabilities
               
Current portion of convertible notes payable, net of discount of $1,044,000 and $1,172,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively (Note 9)
  $ 5,637,000     $ 4,139,000  
Current portion of capital leases (Note 8)
    50,000       31,000  
Accounts payable
    346,000       226,000  
Accrued expenses (Notes 9)
    951,000       435,000  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    6,984,000       4,831,000  
Capital leases, less current portion (Note 8)
    66,000       29,000  
 
           
Total liabilities
    7,050,000       4,860,000  
 
           
Stockholders’ equity (capital deficit) (Notes 6 and 10)
               
Series C convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized
             
8,600,000 shares; no shares issues and outstanding
               
Series B convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 200,00 shares; no shares issues and outstanding
             
Series A convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 500,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding
             
Series A1 convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 549,474 shares; issues and outstanding 549,474 shares; liquidation preference $4,945,000
    3,628,000       3,628,000  
Series B1 convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 13,783,783 shares; issued and outstanding 10,011,355 shares; liquidation preference $10,011,355
    10,011,000       10,011,000  
Common stock, no par value. Authorized 150,000,000 shares issued and outstanding 720,501 shares
    103,000       103,000  
Restricted common stock, no par value; issues and outstanding 641,786 shares
    64,000       64,000  
Additional paid-in capital
    3,469,000       3,241,000  
Deferred coompensation
    (9,000 )     (35,000 )
Deficit accumulated during the development stage
    (23,126,000 )     (19,858,000 )
 
           
Net stockholders’ equity (capital deficit )
    (5,860,000 )     (2,846,000 )
 
           
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (capital deficit)
  $ 1,190,000     $ 2,014,000  
 
           

See notes to financials statements.

 

F-3


 

Kreido Laboratories
(A Development Stage Company)
 
Statements of Operations
                         
                    Period from  
                    January 13,  
                    1995  
    Year Ended     Year Ended     (Inception) to  
    December 31,     December 31,     December 31,  
    2006     2005     2006  
Operating expenses
                       
Research and Development
  $ 1,520,000     $ 1,913,000     $ 15,836,000  
General and administrative expenses (Note 11)
    1,004,000       630,000       4,852,000  
Loss on sale of property and equipment
    24,000       26,000       89,000  
Loss from retirement of assets
    43,000       275,000       318,000  
 
                 
Loss from operations
    (2,591,000 )     (2,844,000 )     (21,095,000 )
Other income (expenses)
                       
Interest expense
    (828,000 )     (534,000 )     (3,082,000 )
Interest income
    3,000       3,000       64,000  
Other income
    149,000       178,000       1,151,000  
Other expenses
                (154,000 )
 
                 
Total other income (expenses)
    (676,000     (353,000     (2,021,000 )
 
                 
Loss before income taxes
    (3,267,000 )     (3,197,000 )     (23,116,000 )
Income tax expenses
    1,000       1,000       10,000  
 
                 
Net loss
  $ (3,268,000 )   $ (3,198,000 )   $ (23,126,000 )
 
                 
Net loss per share — basic and diluted
  $ (2.40 )   $ (2.35 )   $ (16.98 )
 
                 
Shares used in computing net loss per share
    1,362,287       1,362,287       1,362,287  
 
                 

See notes to financial statements.

 

F-4


 

Kreido Laboratories
(A Development Stage Company)
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Capital Deficit)
Period from January 13, 1995 (Inception) to December 31, 2006
                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                    Deficit        
                                                    Series A1     Series B1                                                     Accumulated        
    Series C Convertible     Series B Convertible     Series A Convertible     Convertible     Convertible                     Restricted Common     Additional Paid-             During the        
    Stock     Stock     Stock     Preferred Stock     Preferred Stock     Common Stock     Stock     In     Deferred     Development     Stockholders’ Equity  
    Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Capital     Compensation     Stage     (Capital Deficit)  
Issuance of common stock to founders
        $           $           $           $           $       750,000     $ 100,000           $     $     $     $       $ 100,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (67,000 )     (67,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 1995
                                                                750,00       100,000                               (67,000 )     33,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (130,000 )     (130,000 )
 
                                                                                                             
Balance , December 31, 1996
                                                                750,00       100,000                               (197,000 )     (97,000 )
Net loss
                                                                                                    (329,000 )     (329,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 1997
                                                                750,00       100,000                               (526,000 )     (426,000 )
Net loss
                                                                                                    (292,000 )     (292,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 1998
                                                                750,00       100,000                               (818,000 )     (718,000 )
Issuance of Series A preferred stock
                            242,561       1,480,000                                                       217,000                   1,697,000  
Stock option issuances
                                                                                        318,000       (287,000 )           31,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (718,000 )     (718,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 1999
                            242,561       1,480,000                               750,000       100,000                   535,000       (287,000 )     (1,536,000 )     292,000  
Conversion of notes to Series A preferred stock
                              106,925       637,000                                                                         637,000  
Retirement of common stock
                200,000       1,500,000                                           (30,073 )                                         1,500,000  
Issuance of Series B preferred stock
                      11,000                                                                                     11,000  
Deferred compensation — options/warrants
                                                                                        101,000       (101,000 )            
Compensation expense
                                                                                              88,000             88,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (1,935,000 )     (1,935,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 2000
                200,000       1,511,000       349,486       2,117,000                               719,927       100,000                   636,000       (300,000 )     (3,471,000 )     593,000  
Common stock grant
                                                                575       3,000                                     3,000  
Issuance of warrants in connection with convertible debt
                                                                                        304,000                   304,000  
Deferred compensation options
                                                                                        259,000       (259,000 )            
Compensation expense
                                                                                              141,000             141,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (3,308,000 )     (3,308,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 2001
                200,000       1,511,000       349,486       2,117,000                               720,502       103,000                   1,199,000       (418,000 )     (6,779,000 )     (2,267,000 )
Issuance of Series C preferred stock
    1,995,000       1,995,000                                                                                                 1,995,000  
Conversion of notes, accrued interest and accounts payable to Series C preferred stock
    5,255,785       5,256,000                                                                                                 5,256,000  
Issuance of warrants in connection with convertible debt
                                                                                        287,000                   287,000  
Deferred compensation options
                                                                                        61,000       (61,000 )            
Compensation expense
                                                                                              183,000             183,000  
Repricing of warrants
                                                                                        131,000                   131,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (3,436,000 )     (3,436,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 2002
    7,250,785       7,251,000       200,000       1,511,000       349,486       2,117,000                               720,502       103,000                       1,678,000       (296,000 )     (10,215,000 )     2,149,000  
Issuance of Series C preferred stock —
    428,500       428,000                                                                                                 428,000  
Conversion of notes and accrued interest payable to Series C preferred stock
    744,510       745,000                                                                                                 745,000  
Issuance of warrants in connection with convertible debt
                                                                                        74,000                   74,000  
Compensation expense
                                                                                              183,000             183,000  
Buy back of fractional shares
    (12 )           (3 )           (9 )                                   (1 )                                          
Net loss
                                                                                                    (2,989,000 )     (2,989,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 2003
    8,423,783       8,424,000       199,997       1,511,000       349,477       2,117,000                               720,501       103,000                   1,752,000       (113,000 )     (13,204,000 )     590,000  
Issuance of Series B1 preferred stock
                                                    720,000       720,000                                                 720,000  
Conversion of notes an accrued interest payable to Series B1 preferred stock
                                                    867,572       867,000                                                 867,000  
Issuance of consulting warrants and warrants in connection with convertible debt
                                                                                                           
Conversion of Series C preferred stock to Series B1 preferred stock
    (8,423,783 )     (8,424,000 )                                         8,423,783       8,424,000                               709,000                   709,000  
Conversion of Series B preferred stock to Series A1 preferred stock
                (199,997 )     (1,511,000 )                 199,997       1,511,000                                                              
Conversion of Series A preferred stock to Series A1 preferred stock
                            (349,477 )     (2,117,000 )     349,477       2,117,000                                                 109,000             109,000  
Compensation expense
                                                                                                           
Issuance of restricted stock
                                                                            641,786       64,000             (64,000 )            
Net loss
                                                                                                    (3,456,000 )     (3,456,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 2004
                                        549,474       3,628,000       10,011,335       10,011,000       720,501       103,000       641,786       64,000       2,461,000       (68,000 )     (16,660,000 )     (461,000 )
Issuance of warrants in connection with convertible debt
                                                                                        761,000                   761,000  
Issuance of consulting warrants
                                                                                        15,000                   15,000  
Issuance of stock options
                                                                                        4,000                   4,000  
Compensation expense
                                                                                              33,000             33,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (3,198,000 )     (3,198,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 2005
                                                549,474       3,628,000       10,011,355       10,011,000       720,501       103,000       641,786       64,000       3,241,000       (35,000 )     (19,858,000 )     (2,846,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Issuance of warrants in connection with convertible debt
                                                                                        191,000                   191,000  
Issuance of consulting warrants
                                                                                                                    37,000                       37,000  
Compensation expense
                                                                                              26,000             26,000  
Net loss
                                                                                                    (3,268,000 )     (3,268,000 )
 
                                                                                                           
Balance , December 31, 2006
        $             $               $         549,474     $ 3,628,000       10,011,355     $ 10,011,000       720,501     $ 103,000       641,786     $ 64,000     $ 3,469,000     $ (9,000 )   $ (23,126,000 )   $ (5,860,000 )
 
                                                                                                           

See notes to financial statements.

 

F-5


 

Kreido Laboratories
(A Development Stage Company)
Statements of Cash Flows
                         
                    Period from  
                    January 13,  
                    1995  
    Year Ended     Year Ended     (Inception) to  
    December 31,     December 31,     December 31,  
    2006     2005     2006  
Cash flows from operating activities
                       
Net Loss
  $ (3,268,000 )   $ (3,198,000 )   $ (23,126,000 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization
    162,000       195,000       1,369,000  
Loss on sale of assets
    24,000       26,000       89,000  
Loss on retirement of assets
    43,000       275,000       318,000  
Noncash stock compensation
    44,000       37,000       819,000  
Amortization of convertible debt discount
    319,000       160,000       1,236,000  
Inducement to convert debt discount
                152,000  
Inducement to convert debt
    18,000       15,000       58,000  
Warrants issued to consultants
                       
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts receivable
    1,000       16,000        
Other assets
    (15,000 )     17,000       (72,000 )
Accounts payable
    120,000       45,000       375,000  
Accrued expenses
    516,000       347,000       1,482,000  
 
                 
Net cash used in operating activities
    (2,036,000 )     (2,065,000 )     (17,300,000 )
 
                 
Cash flows from investing activities
                       
Purchase of property and equipment
    (39,000 )     (10,000 )     (741,000 )
Proceeds from sale of assets
    10,000       85,000       95,000  
Investments in patent application
    (182,000 )     (242,000 )     (1,319,000 )
 
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (211,000 )     (167,000 )     (1,965,000 )
 
                 
Cash flows from financing activities
                       
Proceeds from the issuance of Series A convertible preferred stock
                  938,000  
Proceeds from the issuance of Series B convertible preferred stock
                  1,500,000  
Proceeds from the issuance of Series C convertible preferred stock
                  2,424,000  
Proceeds from the issuance of Series B1 preferred stock
                  720,000  
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock warrants
                  217,000  
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
                   
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
    1,370,000       3,232,000       14,381,000  
Principal repayment of long-term debt and capital leases
    (66,000 )     (80,000 )     (856,000 )
 
                 
Net cash provided by financing activities
    1,304,000       3,152,000       19,324,000  
 
                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (943,000 )     920,000       59,000  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    1,002,000       82,000        
 
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 59,000     $ 1,002,000     $ 59,000  
 
                 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
                       
Cash paid during the period for:
                       
Interest
  $ 8,000     $ 26,000     $ 334,000  
Income taxes
    1,000       1,000       10,000  

See notes to financial statements.

F-6


 

Kreido Laboratories
(A Development Stage Company)
Statements of Cash Flows
                         
                    Period from  
                    January 13,  
                    1995  
    Year Ended     Year Ended     (Inception) to  
    December 31,     December 31,     December 31,  
    2006     2005     2006  
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities
                       
Purchase of property and equipment through capital leases
  $ 122,000     $     $ 760,000  
Additions to machinery and equipment through settlement of capital lease
                61,000  
Additions to machinery and equipment through issuance of common stock
                  100,000  
Conversion of notes payable into Series A preferred stock
                1,180,000  
Conversion of notes payable into Series C preferred stock
                5,530,000  
Conversion of accounts payable into Series C preferred stock
                30,000  
Conversion of accrued interest into Series C preferred stock
                441,000  
Warrants issued in connection with convertible notes
          761,000       2,007,000  
Conversion of Series A preferred stock into Series A1 preferred stock
                2,118,000  
Conversion of Series B preferred stock into Series A1 preferred stock
                1,511,000  
Conversion of Series C preferred stock into Series B1 preferred stock
                8,414,000  
Conversion of notes payable in to Series B1 preferred stock
                850,000  
Conversion of accrued interest into Series B1 preferred stock
                18,000  
Conversion of accrued interest into notes payable
                72,000  

See notes to financial statements.

F-7


 

     
NOTE 1
  ORGANIZATION
Kreido Laboratories formerly known as Holl Technologies Company (“Kreido” or “the Company”), was incorporated on January 13, 1995 under the laws of the State of California. Since incorporation, the Company has been engaged in activities required to develop, patent and commercialize its products. The market for these products is developing in parallel to the Company’s activities. The Company considers itself a development stage enterprise because it has not yet earned significant revenue from its commercial products. The Company creates and intends to license innovative chemical and chemical reacting systems.
The Company is the creator of reactor technology that is designed to enhance the manufacturing of a broad range of chemical products. Leveraging its proprietary STT® reactor technology (named for its spinning tube-in-tube design), Kreido partners with clients to deliver cost-effective manufacturing solutions. The Company continues to develop partnerships with a variety of global companies. Committed to the progress of green chemistry, Kreido has collaborations with academia, industry, and government agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
The cornerstone of the Company’s technology is its patented STT® (Spinning Tube in Tube) diffusional chemical reacting system, which is both a licensable process and a licensable system. In 2005, the Company demonstrated how the STT™ could make biodiesel fuel from vegetable oil in less than a second with complete conversion and less undesirable by-products. The Company has continued to pursue this activity and is in the process of building a pilot production plant and will begin construction of the first of three commercial biodiesel production factories in the United States that it expects will produce approximately 30 million gallon per year.
Kreido Biofuels, Inc. was incorporated as Gemwood Productions, Inc. under the laws of the State of Nevada on February 7, 2005. It changed its name from Gemwood Productions, Inc. to Kreido Biofuels, Inc. on November 2, 2006. The Company took its current form on January 12, 2007 when Kreido Laboratories completed a reverse triangular merger with Kreido Biofuels, Inc. (Note 12).
     
NOTE 2
  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Revenue Recognition
The Company’s revenues are expected to be derived from licensing its patented processes, leasing its patented equipment to carry out the licensed processes, providing on-going technical support and know-how, and in the future, the sale of biodiesel. Revenues from product sales will be recorded upon shipment. Revenues from technology licensing will be, based upon the nature of the licensing agreement, recorded upon billing due date established by contractual agreement with the customer or over the term of the agreement. For sales arrangements with multiple elements, the Company will allocate the undelivered elements based on the price charged when an element is sold separately. Through the end of 2006, the Company had recognized no significant commercial or licensing revenue. It is anticipated that once the Company has built and begins operating the commercial biodiesel production plants, the majority of revenue will be based upon the sale of biodiesel to distributors.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
Depreciation and Amortization
The provision for depreciation of property and equipment is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, generally ranging from five to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the related asset or the lease term.

 

F-8


 

Patents
Capitalized patent costs consist of direct costs associated with obtaining patents. Patent costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over 15 years, which is the expected life, beginning in the month that the patent is issued. Patent costs are capitalized beginning with the filing of the patent application.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs related to the design, development, demonstration, and testing of reactor technology are charged to expense as incurred.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Stock-Based Compensation
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for employee stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value method supplemented by pro forma disclosures in accordance with APB 25 and SFAS 123 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”), as amended by SFAS No.148 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation—Transition and Disclosures.” Under the intrinsic value based method, compensation cost is the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of the stock at the grant date or other measurement date over the amount an employee must pay to acquire the stock. Under the intrinsic value method, the Company has recognized stock-based compensation common stock on the date of grant.
Effective January 1, 2006 the Company adopted SFAS 123(R) “Share Based Payment” using the modified prospective approach and accordingly prior periods have not been restated to reflect the impact of SFAS 123(R). Under SFAS 123(R), stock-based awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 will be charged to expense over the remaining portion of their vesting period. These awards will be charged to expense under the straight-line method using the same fair value measurements which were used in calculating pro forma stock-based compensation expense under SFAS 123. For stock-based awards granted on or after January 1, 2006, the Company will determine stock-based compensation based on the fair value method specified in SFAS 123(R), and will amortize stock-based compensation expense on the straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
For periods prior to January 1, 2006, SFAS 123(R) requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. Previously under APB 25 to the extent awards were forfeited prior to vesting, the corresponding previously recognized expense was reversed in the period of forfeiture. There is no stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2006.

 

F-9


 

SFAS 123 requires the Company to provide pro-forma information regarding net loss as if compensation cost for the stock options granted to the Company’s employees had been determined in accordance with the fair value based method prescribed in SFAS 123. Options granted to non-employees are recognized in these financial statements as compensation expense under SFAS 123 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
If the fair value based method under FAS 123 had been applied in measuring stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2005, the pro forma effects on net loss and net loss per share would have been as follows:
                 
            Period from  
            January 13, 1995  
    Year Ended     (Inception) to  
    December 31,     December 31,  
    2005     2005  
Net Loss:
               
As reported
  $ (3,198,000 )   $ (19,858,000 )
Add: stock -based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss
    33,000       691,000  
Deduct: total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards
    (67,000 )     (965,000 )
 
           
Pro forma
  $ (3,232,000 )   $ (20,132,000 )
 
           
Net loss per share — basic and diluted:
               
As reported
  $ (2.35 )   $ (14.58 )
 
           
Pro forma
  $ (2.37 )   $ (14.78 )
 
           
The fair value of options granted during 2005 was determined using a minimum value pricing model with the following assumptions: risk-free interest rates from 3.24% to 4.46%, expected lives of five to ten years and volatility of 0.01%. A pro forma income tax benefit has not been reflected due to the Company’s uncertain ability to generate future taxable income.
Use of Estimates
The Company’s management has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying values reflected in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of convertible notes payable and capital leases approximates their fair value based upon current market borrowing rates with similar terms and maturities.
Comprehensive Loss
Except for net loss, the Company has no material components of comprehensive loss, and accordingly, the comprehensive loss is the same as the net loss for all periods presented.
Net Loss Per Share
The Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.” Basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants and convertible securities but does include the restricted shares of common stock issued. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that would occur if securities of other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted to common stock. Common stock equivalent shares from all stock options, warrants and convertible securities for all years presented have been excluded from this computation as their effect is anti-dilutive.
Basic loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average shares outstanding during the period in accordance with SFAS No. 128. Since the effect of the assumed exercise of common stock options and other convertible securities was anti-dilutive, basic and diluted loss per share as presented on the consolidated statements of operations are the same.

 

F-10


 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”) which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. SFAS 159 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 159 may have on its financial condition or results of operations.
In September 2006, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). This SAB provides guidance on the consideration of the effects of prior year misstatements in quantifying current year misstatements for the purpose of a materiality assessment. SAB 108 establishes an approach that requires quantification of financial statement errors based on the effects on each of the company’s balance sheets, statements of operations and related financial statement disclosures. The SAB permits existing public companies to record the cumulative effect of initially applying this approach in the first year ending after November 15, 2006 by recording the necessary correcting adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities as of the beginning of that year with the offsetting adjustment recorded to the opening balance of retained earnings. Additionally, the use of the cumulative effect transition method requires detailed disclosure of the nature and amount of each individual error being corrected through the cumulative adjustment and how and when it arose. The Company is currently evaluating the impact SAB 108 may have on its financial condition or results of operations.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Issues No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, and, accordingly, does not require any new fair value measurements. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is encouraged, provided that the reporting company has not yet issued financial statements for that fiscal year, including any financial statements for an interim period within that fiscal year. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have a significant effect on its financial statements.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”) , which is an interpretation of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS 109”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS 109 and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of FIN 48 will have a significant effect on its financial statements.

 

F-11


 

In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections” (“SFAS No. 154”). SFAS No. 154 is a replacement of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 20 and SFAS No. 3. SFAS No. 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and error corrections. It establishes retrospective application as the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle. SFAS No. 154 provides guidance for determining whether retrospective application of a change in accounting principle is impracticable and for reporting a change when retrospective application is impracticable. SFAS No. 154 also addresses the reporting of a correction of an error by restating previously issued financial statements. SFAS No 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company is currently evaluating the impact SFAS 154 may have on its financial condition or results of operations.
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions.” The amendments made by Statement 153 are based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. Further, the amendments eliminate the narrow exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replace it with a broader exception for exchanges of non-monetary assets that do not have commercial substance. Previously, Opinion 29 required that the accounting for an exchange of a productive asset for a similar productive asset or an equivalent interest in the same or similar productive asset should be based on the recorded amount of the asset relinquished. Opinion 29 provided an exception to its basic measurement principle (fair value) for exchanges of similar productive assets. The FASB believes that exception required that some non-monetary exchanges, although commercially substantive, be recorded on a carryover basis. By focusing the exception on exchanges that lack commercial substance, the FASB believes this statement produces financial reporting that more faithfully represents the economics of the transactions. SFAS 153 is effective for non-monetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Earlier application is permitted for non-monetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after the date of issuance. The provisions of SFAS 153 shall be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact SFAS 153 may have on its financial condition or results of operations.
     
NOTE 3
  LIQUIDITY AND GOING CONCERN ISSUES
The Company, a development stage company, has suffered recurring losses from operations and at December 31, 2006 had a net capital deficiency that raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern.
The Company currently expects that cash raised from financing will continue to provide sufficient cash to fund its projected operations for the immediately foreseeable future and believes additional financing will be available if and when needed.

 

F-13


 

If the Company is unable to achieve projected operating results and/or obtain such additional financing if and when needed, management will be required to curtail growth plans and scale back planned development activities. No assurances can be given that the Company will be successful in raising additional financing should such financing be required by future operations.
Subsequent Events
In January 2007, the Company, in connection with the completion of a reverse triangular merger with a publicly traded company, Kreido Biofuels, Inc. (Kreido Biofuels), completed a private placement offering of $25 million with net proceeds to Kreido Biofuels of $23.9 million and the cancellation of $250,000 in indebtedness (Note 12).
     
NOTE 4
  PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment at December 31, 2006 and 2005 is summarized as follows:
                 
    2006     2005  
Furniture and fixtures
  $ 43,000     $ 43,000  
Machinery and equipment
    617,000       461,000  
Office equipment
    115,000       110,000  
Leasehold improvements
    47,000       47,000  
 
           
Total
    822,000       661,000  
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (500,000 )     (409,000 )
 
           
Net book value
  $ 322,000     $ 252,000  
 
           
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was $92,00 and $130,000, respectively, including related depreciation for capital leases. Equipment recorded under capital leases totaled $348,000 and $226,000 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
     
NOTE 5
  INCOME TAXES
Income taxes principally consist of minimum franchise taxes for the State of California. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company had available net operating loss carry forwards totaling approximately $16,700,000 and $14,500,000 for both federal income tax purposes and California state tax purposes, which expire beginning in tax year 2010. Additionally, at December 31, 2006, the Company had state tax credits of approximately $400,000. For federal net operating losses generated before 1997, the carryforward period is 15 years. For federal net operating loss generated after 1997, the carryforward period is 20 years. For California state tax purposes, the Company’s net operating losses were classified under Eligible Small Business (ESB). For ESB net operating loss generated from January 1, 1994 through December 31, 1999, the carryforward period is 5 years. For ESB net operating loss generated beginning on January 1, 2000, the carryforward period is 10 years.
Deferred tax assets consist principally of the tax effect of net operating loss carry forwards. In assessing the potential realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the Company attaining future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Due to the uncertainty surrounding the realization of the benefits of its tax attributes, including net operating loss carry forwards in future tax returns, the Company has fully reserved its deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005.

 

F-14


 

In addition, the utilization of net operating loss carry forwards may be limited due to restrictions imposed under applicable federal and state income tax laws due to a change in ownership.
     
NOTE 6
  STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company has recorded in general and administrative expenses, $5,000 and $4,000 of compensation expense in 2006 and 2005, respectively, relating to stock options issued to non-employees for services rendered during those years.
Upon the adoption of SFAS123(R), the Company recorded $41,000 of compensation costs relating to stock options granted to employees. The amounts recorded represent equity-based compensation expense related to options that were issued in from 2001 to 2006. The compensation costs are based on the fair value at the grant date. There was no such expense recorded during our fiscal year 2005.
The fair value of the options issued during the year ended December 31, 2006 was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: risk free interest rates between 4.45% and 5.18 %, expected life of five (5) years and expected volatility or 0.01%.
Summary stock option activity is as follows:
                 
    Number of     Weighted
Average
 
    Options     Exercise Price  
Balance at December 31, 2004
    471,853     $ 0.70  
Granted
    861,786       0.14  
Exercised
           
Cancelled
    (152,908 )     0.10  
 
           
Balance at December 31, 2005
    1,180,731       0.13  
 
           
Granted
    50,950       0.10  
Exercised
           
Cancelled
    (199,125 )     0.11  
 
           
Balance at December 31, 2006
    1,032,556     $ 0.28  
 
           
For options granted under the intrinsic-value-based method, the Company recorded $5,000 and $4,000 of deferred compensation as additional paid-in capital based on the difference between the market price of the common stock and the option exercise price at the date of grant during 2006 and 2005, respectively. Related compensation expense of $14,000 and $33,000 was recognized in 2006 and 2005, respectively.

 

F-15


 

The following table summarizes information regarding options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 2006:
                                             
        Options Outstanding     Options Exercisable  
                Weighted-                      
Range of     Outstanding at     Average     Weighted-     Exercisable at     Weighted-  
Exercise     December 31,     Remaining     Average Exercise     December 31,     Average Exercise  
Prices     2006     Contractual Life     Price     2006     Price  
$ 0.10       767,357       5.18     $ 0.10       602,747     $ 0.10  
$ 0.70       3,000       2.68       0.70       3,000       0.70  
$ 0.85       187,372       4.22       0.85       128,500       0.85  
$ 1.00       45,948       3.48       1.00       45,948       1.00  
$ 1.40       22,779       0.83       1.40       22,779       1.40  
$ 2.10       6,100       1.26       2.10       6,100       2.10  
                                     
          1,032,556             $ 0.32       809,074     $ 0.32  
                                     
     
NOTE 7
  COMMITMENTS
Operating Leases
The Company has entered into two operating leases for corporate offices and laboratory space, with termination dates ranging from November 14, 2006 to August 31, 2007. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was $79,000 and $94,000, respectively.
At December 31, 2006, future minimum payments under these non-cancelable lease agreements are $37,000 for 2007 with no lease commitments beyond 2008, currently.
     
NOTE 8
  CAPITAL LEASES
The Company has entered into capital leases for various equipment.
At December 31, 2006, future minimum lease payments on these leases are as follows:
         
Year Ending December 31,   Amount  
2007
  $ 68,000  
2008
    31,000  
2009
    28,000  
2010
    25,000  
 
     
Total lease payments
    152,000  
Less — interest
    36,000  
 
     
Present value of lease payments
    116,000  
Less — current portion
    50,000  
 
     
 
  $ 66,000  
 
     

 

F-16


 

     
NOTE 9
  CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE
During 2001, the Company issued $2,519,000 of unsecured convertible notes payable with interest rate of 9% and were due at various dates from January through November 2002. The notes were automatically convertible into the Series of Preferred Stock having the lowest conversion price of Series A, B or C Preferred Stock upon the occurrence of certain events, as defined.
During 2002, the Company secured additional financing of $2,575,000 in convertible notes payable. On April 12, 2002, the Company amended all existing notes to a due date of November 30, 2002 in accordance with a Bridge Financing — Series C Preferred Stock offering. Warrant coverage was provided for the extension of the existing loans as well as new bridge financing. In December 2002, $4,803,000 of these notes, including accrued interest of $423,000 and accounts payable of $29,000, were converted into Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (Note 10).
The remaining two convertible notes of $171,000 bore interest of 8% per annum and were due December 24, 2003. In April 2004, the balance of these notes, including accrued interest of $21,000 were converted into new notes with interest at 10% per annum and extended the maturity dates to May 31, 2004 and December 31, 2004.
During 2003, the Company issued secured convertible notes for $727,000. On October 1, 2003, the Company amended all the notes issued in 2003 to a due date of November 30, 2003 in accordance with a Bridge Financing — Series C preferred stock second closing. On November 13, 2003, these notes and accrued interest of $18,000 were converted into Series C convertible preferred stock (Note 10).
From January to March 2004, the Company issued secured convertible notes for $850,000. These notes bore interest of 10% per annum and were due June 30, 2004. In April 2004, these notes, including accrued interest of $18,000 were converted into Series B1 preferred stock (Note 10).
Also in April 2004, notes due December 24, 2003 for $192,000 were converted to new convertible notes bearing an interest of 10% per annum due December 31, 2004.
From June to October 2004, the Company issued convertible notes for $1,405,000. These notes bore interest of 10% per annum and were due November 29, 2004. In November 2004, the Company paid off all existing notes and raised additional working funds by issuing new secured convertible notes totaling $2,068,000 bearing interest of 10% per annum and due July 29, 2005. A portion of the new funds were held in escrow to be released by the note holders in January 2005 at their discretion.
From January to October 2005, the Company issued convertible notes totaling $3,233,000. These notes bore interest ranging from 10% to 12% per annum and were due February 28, 2006. A portion of the new funds were held in escrow to be released by the note holders in 2006 at their discretion.
From July to December 2006, the Company issued convertible notes totaling $1,370,000. Notes for $1,000,000 bore interest of 12% while the remaining notes for $370,000 are non-interest bearing. The notes matured in January 2007.

 

F-17


 

The balances of convertible notes payable at December 31, 2006 and 2005 were $6,671,000 and $5,301,000, respectively. All notes were either paid off or converted into equity in January 2007.
In 2004, the Company issued a non-interest bearing unsecured note payable to a former officer in the amount of $17,000. This note was payable in monthly installments of $3,000 and was fully paid in April 2005. In 2005, in conjunction with a consulting contract, the Company issued a new non-interest bearing unsecured note payable to this same former officer in the amount of $12,000 payable in full on December 31, 2008 with an initial payment of $2,000. The balance of this note payable at December 31, 2006 was $10,000 and was paid off in January 2007.
     
NOTE 10
  STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (CAPITAL DEFICIT)
The Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (Articles) authorize the issuance of two classes of shares designated as common stock and preferred stock, each having no par value. The numbers of shares of common stock and preferred stock authorized are 150,000,000 and 100,000,000, respectively. Preferred stock currently consists of Series A1 (549,474 shares designated) and Series B1 (13,783,783 shares designated).
Common Stock
Common stockholders are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors, to share ratably in the proceeds of any dissolution or winding up of the Company and to vote on certain matters as provided in the Articles. No dividends can be declared or paid to common stockholders unless and until all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series B1 preferred stock have been paid to Series B1 preferred stockholders. Shares of common stock are subject to transfer restrictions and certain rights of first refusal relating to the securities laws, the bylaws of the Company and, in certain cases, specific agreements with the Company and the preferred stockholders.
Restricted Common Stock
Restricted common stock has all the rights of a common stock but is subject to certain vesting schedules as defined in the individual stock grant agreements.
During 1999, in conjunction with the issuance of convertible notes payable, a stockholder of the Company placed 32,221 shares of common stock in escrow. The shares were subject to forfeiture if the convertible notes were converted into shares of Series A convertible preferred stock. In 2000, the convertible debt was converted into Series A convertible preferred stock. The amount of shares forfeited by the stockholder was reduced to 30,073 shares and 2,148 shares were returned to the stockholder. The value of the shares returned to the stockholder was not material to the financial statements.
In April 2004, the Company issued a total of 1,062,534 shares of restricted common stock in exchange for the cancellation of certain stock options. Upon the departure of one of the holders of the restricted common stock, 436,361 shares were cancelled. The total amount of vested shares was 558,348 and 497,856 as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

 

F-18


 

In August 1999, the Company issued 165,000 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock for total cash consideration of $1,155,000. These shares were issued to venture capital firms and private investors. In December 1999, the Company issued an additional 77,561 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock to private investors as consideration for convertible promissory notes payable totaling $543,000.
In August 2000, the Company issued 200,000 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock for total cash consideration of $1,500,000. These shares were issued to venture capital firms and private investors. In addition, throughout 2000, the Company issued an additional 106,916 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock to private investors as consideration for convertible promissory notes payable and accrued interest totaling $637,000.
In December 2002, the Company issued 7,250,785 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock for a total cash consideration of $1,995,000 and conversion of notes payable of $4,803,000, including accrued interest of $423,000 and accounts payable of $29,000. These shares were issued to venture capital firms and private investors.
In November 2003, the Company issued 1,173,010 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock for a total cash consideration of $429,000 and conversion of notes payable of $745,000, which included accrued interest of $18,000. These shares were issued to venture capital firms and private investors.
On November 26, 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a 10 to 1 reverse stock split of all the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock, Series A preferred stock, Series B preferred stock and Series C preferred stock. The number of shares, warrants and options outstanding and per share data has been restated to reflect the reverse stock split.
In connection with the reverse stock split, the Company repurchased the following split shares of common and convertible stock:
                 
    Number of        
    Shares     Amount  
Common Stock
    1     $ 1.00  
Series A
    9       9.00  
Series B
    3       3.00  
Series C
    12       12.00  
 
           
 
    25     $ 25.00  
 
           
In April 2004,, the Company converted the outstanding amount of Series A and Series B convertible preferred stock into 549,474 shares of Series A1 convertible preferred stock for total of $3,628,000.
In April 2004, the Company issued 10,011,355 shares of Series B1 convertible preferred stock for total cash consideration of $720,000, conversion of notes payable of $868,000, which included accrued interest of $18,000 and conversion of all the outstanding Series C convertible preferred stock of $8,424,000. These shares were issued to venture capital firms and private investors.

 

F-19


 

In April 2004, certain notes that expired in December 2003 were renegotiated and warrants to purchase 95,803 shares of Common at $0.85 were issued as part of the re-financing. The warrants expire in 5 years.
The rights, preferences and privileges of the Series A1 and Series B1 preferred stock are listed below:
Conversion Rights
Each share of the preferred stock outstanding is convertible, at the option of the holder, into common stock at the rate of one share of common stock for each share of the preferred stock, adjustable for certain dilutive events.
Such conversion will occur automatically upon the closing of a registered public offering of the Company’s common stock that yields aggregate proceeds to the Company of at least $30,000,000 at a per share price of at least $5.00.
Dividend Rights
Each fiscal year, the holders of shares of Series B1 Preferred Stock are entitled to receive, before any dividends are paid or declared and set aside for the Series A1 Preferred Stock or the Common Stock, out of funds legally available for that purpose, cumulative dividends at a rate of eight percent (8%) per annum, payable in cash only. Such cumulative dividends accrue from the date of issuance and are calculated through the earliest of (I) the conversion of Series B1 Preferred Stock into Common Stock, (ii) the redemption of Series B1 Preferred Stock or (iii) the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. The holders of the Series B1 Preferred Stock are entitled to participate, on an as-converted basis, in all dividends, whether payable in cash, property or stock, that are declared on any of the Common Stock. Cumulative dividends for Series B1 Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were $2,155,000 and $1,354,000, respectively.
Each fiscal year, the holders of shares of Series A1 Preferred Stock are entitled to receive, before any dividends are paid or declared and set aside for the Common Stock, out of funds legally available for that purpose, cumulative dividends at a rate of eight percent (8%) per annum, payable in cash only. Such cumulative dividends accrue from the date of issuance and are calculated through the earliest of (I) the conversion of Series A1 Preferred Stock into Common Stock, (ii) the redemption of Series A1 Preferred Stock or (iii) the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. The holders of the Series A1 Preferred Stock are entitled to participate, on an as-converted basis, in all dividends, whether payable in cash, property or stock, that are declared on any of the Common Stock. Cumulative dividends for Series A1 Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were $850,000 and $534,000, respectively.
Preference Events
Any transactions or series of related transactions, resulting in the sale of 50% or more of the voting power or assets of the Company and any merger, consolidation or similar transaction will be deemed liquidation, triggering the liquidation preference on the Preferred Stock. In the case of any liquidation involving a merger, consolidation, or similar transaction, accrued but unpaid dividends shall be paid to the extent earned.

 

F-20


 

Liquidation Preference
On any liquidation of the Company holders of Series B1 Stock will receive their purchase price per share, plus accrued but unpaid dividends, if any, which liquidation rights shall be senior to the rights of holders of all other classes or series of capital stock of the Company. After the Series B1 Stockholders have received their liquidation preference, the holders of the Series A1 shall receive $9.00 per share, plus accrued but unpaid dividends. Thereafter, any remaining proceeds shall be divided among the holders of the Preferred Stock (on an as converted basis) and the holders of the Company’s Common Stock on a pro-rata basis.
The Company is required to redeem any and all outstanding shares of Convertible Preferred Stock any time prior to the Redemption Deadline, as defined, upon the written request from the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock, voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis, to the extent legally permitted, in accordance with the schedule and percentages below:
On or before the fifth anniversary of the Original Issue Date (the “First Redemption Date”), the Company shall redeem 33-1/3% of all shares of Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding on the First Redemption Date (determined on a pro rata basis in accordance with the number of such shares held by each holder thereof). No redemptions of the Series A1 Preferred Stock shall occur unless and until 33-1/3% of all shares of Series B1 Preferred Stock outstanding on the First Redemption Date have been redeemed.
Provided that the Company has fully satisfied the redemption obligations set forth above, on or before the sixth anniversary of the Original Issue Date (the “Second Redemption Date”), the Company shall redeem 50% of all shares of Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding on the Second Redemption Date (determined on a pro rata basis in accordance with the number of such shares held by each holder thereof). No redemptions of the Series A1 Preferred Stock shall occur unless and until 50% of all shares of Series B1 Preferred Stock outstanding on the Second Redemption Date have been redeemed.
Provided that the Company has fully satisfied the redemption obligations set forth above, on or before the seventh anniversary of the Original Issue Date (the “Third Redemption Date”), the Company shall redeem 100% of all shares of Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding on the Third Redemption Date. No redemptions of the Series A1 Preferred Stock shall occur unless and until 100% of all shares of Series B1 Preferred Stock outstanding on the Third Redemption Date have been redeemed.
The price per share to be paid by the Company for the redemption of the Convertible Preferred Stock shall be the then-effective Stated Value of each such share of Convertible Preferred Stock.
Voting Rights
Holders of preferred stock are generally entitled to vote together with holders of common stock on matters presented for shareholder action as if such shares were converted to common stock.

 

F-21


 

Warrants
On November 7, 2000, the Company issued detachable stock purchase warrants to a bank to purchase 2,333 shares of Series B preferred stock at $7.50 per share in connection with an equipment note payable. The warrants expire on November 7, 2007. The fair value of the warrants on the date of issuance of $10,578 was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of seven years; no dividends; risk free interest rate of 6.50%; and volatility of 50%. The fair value of the warrants was recorded as debt issuance costs and offset against the Series B convertible preferred stock in the accompanying balance sheet. Debt issuance costs were amortized to interest expense over the term of the note.
In connection with the issuance of convertible notes payable in 2002 (Note 9), the Company issued detachable stock purchase warrants to purchase 371,125 shares of common stock to the note holders. The warrants expire in five years. The fair value of the warrants at the dates of issuance of $287,645 was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates of 3.03% to 4.5%; and volatility of 0.01%. The fair value of the warrants was recorded as a discount to the convertible notes and additional paid-in capital in the accompanying balance sheet. This discount was amortized to interest expense upon the conversion of the related notes to Series C convertible preferred stock.
In connection with the issuance of Series C convertible preferred stock in 2002, the Company modified the terms of the existing 779,763 warrants outstanding and adjusted the exercise price to $1.00 per share and the term to six years as an inducement to the note holders to convert. The fair value of the warrants as a result of the modification was $130,851 calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: contractual life of six years; no dividends; risk free rate of 3.0%; and volatility of 0.01%. The fair value of repriced warrants was recorded as other expense.
In connection with the issuance of convertible notes payable in 2003 (Note 9), the Company issued detachable stock purchase warrants to purchase 213,677 shares of common stock to the note holders. The warrants expire in five years. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance of $57,353 was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates of 2.97% and volatility of 0.01%. The fair value of the warrants was recorded as a discount to the convertible notes and additional paid-in capital in the accompanying balance sheet. This discount was amortized to interest expense upon the conversion of the related notes to Series C convertible preferred stock.
In 2003, the Company issued 71,250 warrants to purchase common stock and Series C preferred stock to a consultant. The warrants expire in six years. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance of $16,000 was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates of 2.97% and volatility of $0.01%.
In connection with the issuance of convertible notes payable from January to March 2004 (Note 9), the Company issued detachable stock purchase warrants to purchase 300,000 shares of Series B1 convertible preferred stock and issued detachable stock purchase warrants to purchase 62,500 shares of common stock to the note holders. The warrants were to expire in five years. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance of $40,000 was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates from 3.03% to 3.58% and volatility of 0.01%. Additionally, convertible debt had a beneficial conversion feature of $42,000. The fair value of the warrants and beneficial conversion feature was recorded as a discount to the convertible notes and additional paid-in capital in the accompanying balance sheet. This discount was amortized to interest expense upon the conversion of the related notes to Series B1 convertible preferred stock.

 

F-22


 

In connection with the conversion of the notes to Series B1 convertible preferred stock, the Company exchanged existing warrants to purchase 1,057,414 of common and preferred stock into new warrants to purchase common stock at $0.10 per share. The fair value of the new warrants was $21,000 calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free rate of 3.58%; and volatility of 0.01%. The fair value of exchanged warrants was recorded as other expense.
In connection with the issuance of convertible notes payable from June to October 2004 (Note 9), the Company issued warrants to purchase 890,289 shares of Series B1 preferred stock and warrants to purchase 1,102,552 shares of default stock. The warrants expire in five years. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance of $597,000 was calculated by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates from 3.40% to 3.72% and volatility of 0.01%.
With the issuance of convertible notes payable from January to October 2005 (Note 9), the Company issued warrants to purchase 2,388,065 shares of Series B1 preferred stock. The warrants expire in five years. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance of $761,000 was calculated by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates from 3.72% to 4.32% and volatility of 0.01%.
In connection with the issuance of convertible notes payable from July to December 2006 (Note 9), the Company issued warrants to purchase 500,008 shares of Series B1 preferred stock. The warrants expire in five years. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance of $191,000 was calculated by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates from 4.47% to 5.19% and volatility of 0.01%.
The fair value of the warrants was recorded as a discount to the convertible notes and additional paid-in capital in the accompanying balance sheet. This discount is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the related convertible notes. The net unamortized discount at December 31, 2005 and 2004 were $1,172,000 and $570,000, respectively.
In 2005 and 2004, the Company issued 80,950 and 54,200, respectively, of warrants to purchase Series B1 preferred stock to three consultants. The warrants expire in five years. The fair value of the warrants at the date of issuance of $15,000 in 2005 and $9,000 in 2004 was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the following assumptions: contractual life of five years; no dividends; risk free interest rates of 3.37% to 4.35% and volatility of 0.01%.

 

F-23


 

A summary of warrant activity is as follows:
                 
            Weighted  
    Number of     Average  
    Options     Exercise Price  
Balance at December 31, 2004
    3,590,034     $ 0.73  
Granted
    3,658,796       1.00  
Exercised
           
Cancelled
           
 
           
Balance at December 31, 2005
    7,248,830       0.87  
Granted
    602,011       1.00  
Exercised
           
Cancelled
           
 
           
Balance at December 31, 2006
    7,850,841     $ 0.88  
 
           
The weighted average exercise price assumes the default preferred strike price will be $1.00.
     
NOTE 11
  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During 2006 and 2005, law firms, of which certain members are stockholders of the Company, were paid $7,000 and $54,000 for legal services performed on behalf of the Company. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, amounts due to the law firms were $78,000 and $1,000, respectively. Additionally, one of the board of directors performed consulting services for the Company and was paid $72,000 and $40,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively.
     
NOTE 12
  SUBSEQUENT EVENT
In January 2007, Kreido Laboratories completed a reverse triangular merger with a publicly traded company, Kreido Biofuels, Inc. (Kreido Biofuels). In connection with the merger, Kreido Biofuels completed a private placement offering of $25 million with net proceeds to Kreido Biofuels of $23.3 million and the repayment of $123,000 in indebtedness. As part of this transaction, all Preferred Stock and convertible notes were converted to Common Stock of Kreido Biofuels and payment of all accumulated Preferred Stock dividends were waived. Additionally, all outstanding warrants were converted to Common Stock of Kreido Biofuels on a net exercise basis as determined by the Board of Directors in conjunction with the reverse merger.
The reverse merger was accounted for as a recapitalization for accounting treatment purposes.

 

F-24


 

KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
                                 
            Kreido                
            Biofuels,                
            Inc.                
            (formerly                
    Kreido     Gemwood             Pro forma  
    Laboratories     Productions, Inc.)     Pro forma     Consolidated  
    December 31,     December 31,     Consolidating     December 31,  
    2006
(audited)
    2006
(unaudited)
    Entry
(unaudited)
    2006
(unaudited)
 
ASSETS
                               
Current Assets
                               
Cash
  $ 59,000     $     $ 23,300,000 (6)   $ 23,359,000  
Accounts Receivable
                       
 
                       
Total Current Assets
    59,000             23,300,000       23,359,000  
Furniture & equipment Fixed assets
    322,000                   322,000  
Intangible assets — patents
    788,000                   788,000  
Other assets
    21,000                   21,000  
 
                       
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 1,190,000     $     $ 23,300,000     $ 24,490,000  
 
                       
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
                               
Current Liabilities
                               
Convertible notes payable
  $ 5,637,000     $     $ (5,637,000 )(1)   $  
Current portion of capital leases
    50,000                   50,000  
Accounts payable
    346,000                   346,000  
Advances payable
    951,000                   951,000  
 
                       
Total Current Liabilities
    6,984,000             (5,637,000 )     1,347,000  
Capital leases less current portion
    66,000                   66,000  
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    7,050,000               (5,637,000 )     1,413,000  
 
                       
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
                               
Stockholders’ equity (deficit) Series A1 convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 549,474 shares; issued and outstanding 549,474
    3,628,000             (3,628,000 )(2)      
Series B1 convertible preferred stock, no par value. Authorized 13,783,783 shares, issued and outstanding 10,011,355 shares
    10,011,000             (10,011,000 )(3)      
Common Stock , no par value. Authorized 150,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 720,501
    103,000             (103,000 )(4)      
Restricted common stock, no par value; issued and outstanding 641,786 shares
    64,000             (64,000 )(4)      
Common Stock $0.001 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding 52,532,202 shares
            3,000 (7)     27,000 (5)        
 
                    22,000 (6)     52,000  
Warrant valuation
                9,272,000 (6)     9,272,000  
Additional paid in capital
    3,469,000       44,000 (7)     18,733,000 (5)        
 
                    14,689,000 (6)     36,935,000  
Accumulated deficit
    (23,126,000 )     (47,000 )           (23,173,000 )
Deferred compensation
    (9,000 )                 (9,000 )
 
                       
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(CAPITAL DEFICIT)
    (5,860,000 )           28,937,000       23,077,000  
 
                       
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(CAPITAL )
  $ 1,190,000     $     $ 23,300,000     $ 24,490,000  
 
                       
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these pro forma consolidated financial statements
(1)  
Conversion of notes payable into 10,224,177 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(2)  
Conversion of Series A1 Preferred Stock into 619,946 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(3)  
Conversion of Series B1 Preferred Stock and certain warrants into 11,770,584 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock and warrants to purchase 294,530 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(4)  
Exchange of common stock, restricted common stock and certain warrants for 2,648,976 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock and warrants to purchase 276,804 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock.
 
(5)  
Issuance of 25,263,683 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock for all outstanding common stock of Kreido Laboratories.
 
(6)  
Issuance of 18,518,519 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. Common Stock as part of the $25 million private placement offering. The allocation of the proceeds of $25 million, net of approximately $1.6 million in financing costs and $123,000 in paid Bridge notes.
 
(7)  
8,750,000 shares of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. common stock retained by existing shareholders of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. as part of the merger.

 

F-25


 

KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC.
PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the three month period ended December 31, 2006
                                 
                    Pro forma        
    Kreido     Kreido Biofuels, Inc.     Consolidating     Pro forma  
    Laboratories     (formerly Gemwood)     Entry     Consolidated  
    (Audited)     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  
Sales
  $     $     $     $  
Cost of goods sold
                       
Gross Profit
                       
OPERATING EXPENSES
                               
Research and development
    1,520,000                   1,586,000  
Administrative expenses
    1,004,000       17,000             1,021,000  
Loss on sale of property and equipment
    24,000                   24,000  
Loss on retirement of assets
    43,000                   43,000  
                         
Loss from operations
    (2,591,000 )     (17,000 )           (2,608,000 )
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES)
                               
Interest expense
    (828,000 )                 (828,000 )
Interest income
    3,000                   3,000  
Other income
    149,000                     149,000  
                         
Total other income (expense)
    (676,000 )                 (676,000 )
                         
Loss before income taxes
    (3,267,000 )                 (3,284,000 )
Income tax expense
    (1,000 )                 (1,000 )
                         
NET LOSS FOR THE PERIOD
  $ (3,268,000 )   $ (17,000 )   $     $ (3,285,000 )
                         
BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE
  $ (2.40 )                   $ (0.06 )
                         
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
    1,362,287                       52,532,202 (1)
                         
(1)   Shares used in the computation of wtd average shares outstanding consist, of the following:
         
Stockholders   Share amount  
Kreido Biofuels, Inc. existing shareholders
    8,750,000  
Kreido Labs converted note holders
    10,224,177  
Kreido Labs Series A1 Preferred Stock
    619,946  
Kreido Labs Series B1 Preferred Stock
    11,770,584  
Kreido Labs Common Stockholders
    2,648,976  
Common Stock pursuant Kreido Biofuels, Inc.’s private placement offering
    18,518,519  
 
     
Total Common Stock outstanding
    52,532,202  
 
     
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these pro forma consolidated financial statements

 

F-26


 

EXHIBIT INDEX
             
Exhibit No.   Description   Reference
       
 
   
  2.1    
Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and among Kreido Biofuels, Inc., a Nevada corporation, Kreido Acquisition Corp., a California corporation and Kreido Laboratories, a California corporation.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  3.1    
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. (f/k/a Gemwood Productions, Inc.).
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 3, 2006 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  3.3    
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.*
   
       
 
   
  4.1    
Form of Investor Warrant of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  4.2    
Form of Lock-Up Agreement by and between Tompkins Capital Group and each of the officers and directors of Kreido Biofuels, Inc., and certain stockholders of Kreido Laboratories.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.1    
Escrow Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc., Joel A. Balbien and Gottbetter & Partners, LLP.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.2    
Form of Subscription Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and the investors in the Offering.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.3    
Form of Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and the investors in the Offering.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.4    
Split-Off Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2007, by and among Kreido Biofuels, Inc., Victor Manuel Savceda, Kreido Laboratories and Gemwood Leaseco, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.5    
Employment Agreement, dated November 1, 2006, by and between Kreido Laboratories and Joel A. Balbien.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).

 

 


 

             
Exhibit No.   Description   Reference
       
 
   
  10.6    
Form of Indemnity Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and Outside Directors of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.7    
2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.8    
Stock Option Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and Joel A. Balbien dated as of January 12, 2007.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.9    
Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and participants under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.10    
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and participants under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.11    
Employment Agreement, dated March 19, 2007, by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and John M. Philpott.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  10.12    
Binding Term Sheet by and between Kreido Labratories and Tompkins Capital Group dated as of September 1, 2006*
   
       
 
   
  10.13    
Amendment to Binding Term Sheet by and between Kreido Labratories and Tompkins Capital Group dated as of October 25, 2006*
   
       
 
   
  10.14    
Form of Indemnity Agreement for officers and directors*
   
       
 
   
  14.1    
Code of Ethics*
   
       
 
   
  21.1    
Subsidiaries of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 2007 (File No. 333-130606).
       
 
   
  23.1    
Consent of Vasquez & Company LLP.*
   
       
 
   
  31.1    
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*
   
       
 
   
  31.2    
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer, as required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*
   
       
 
   
  32.1    
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer provided pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
   
       
 
   
  32.2    
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer provided pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
   
_______________
* Filed herewith

 

 

 

Exhibit 3.3
AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS
OF
KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC.
ARTICLE I: OFFICES
The office of the Corporation shall be located in the city, county and state designated in the Articles of Incorporation. The Corporation may also maintain offices at such other places within or without the United States as the Board of Directors may, from time to time, determine. The Corporation shall have a resident agent who resides in Nevada. The resident agent’s street address is the registered office of the Corporation in Nevada.
ARTICLE II: MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
SECTION 1. Annual Meetings :
The annual meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation shall be held each year on a date and at the time set by the Board of Directors, for the purpose of electing directors and transacting such other business as may properly come before the meeting. If the annual meeting has not been called and timely held, any one or more holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote thereat, acting by written consent, may call it.
SECTION 2. Special Meetings :
Special meetings of the shareholders may be called at any time by a majority of the Board of Directors or by the President, and shall be called by the Chairperson or by the President or by the President or the Secretary at the written request of the holders of a majority of the shares then outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, or as otherwise required by law.
SECTION 3. Time and Place of Meetings :
A meeting of shareholders for any purpose may be held at such time and place within or without the State of Nevada as the Board of Directors may fix from time to time or as may be fixed by the written consent of a majority of the shareholders entitled to vote thereat.

 

 


 

SECTION 4. Notice of Meetings :
(a) Except as otherwise provided by statute, written notice of each meeting of shareholders, whether annual or special, stating the time and place it is to be held, shall be served either personally or by mail, not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the meeting, upon each shareholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting, and to any other shareholder to whom the giving of notice may be required by law. Notice of a special meeting shall also state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, and shall indicate that it is being issued by, or at the direction of, the person or persons calling the meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be directed to each such shareholder at his address as it appears on the records of the shareholders of the Corporation, unless he shall have previously filed with the secretary of the Corporation a written request that notices intended for him be mailed to some other address, in which case it shall be mailed to the address designated in such request.
(b) Notice of any meeting need not be given to any person who may become a shareholder of record after the mailing of such notice and prior to the meeting, or to any shareholder who attends such meeting, in person or by proxy, unless such shareholder attends for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened, or to any shareholder who, in person or by proxy, submits a signed waiver of notice either before or after such meeting. Notice of any adjourned meeting of shareholders need not be given, unless otherwise required by statute.
(c) Business transacted at any special meeting of shareholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.
SECTION 5. List of Shareholders :
The officer in charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation or the transfer agent shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of shareholders, a complete list of the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place, if other than the place of meeting, shall be specified in the notice of the meeting. The list shall also be produced and kept at the place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present in person thereat.
SECTION 6. Record Date :
In order that the Corporation may determine the shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action. If no record date is fixed, the record date shall be as provided by law.

 

2


 

SECTION 7. Quorum; Adjournment :
(a) Except as otherwise provided herein, or by statute, or in the Articles of Incorporation (such Articles and any amendments thereof being hereinafter collectively referred to as the “Articles of Incorporation”), at all meetings of shareholders of the Corporation, the presence at the commencement of such meetings in person or by proxy of shareholders holding of record a majority of the total number of shares of the Corporation then issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business. The withdrawal of any shareholder after the commencement of a meeting shall have no effect on the existence of a quorum, after a quorum has been established at such meeting.
(b) Despite the absence of a quorum at any annual or special meeting of shareholders, the shareholders, by a majority of the votes cast by the holders of shares entitled to vote thereon, may adjourn the meeting. Notice of the adjourned meeting or of the business to be transacted there, other than by announcement at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, shall not be necessary. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted which could have been transacted at the meeting as originally called if a quorum had been present.
SECTION 8. Voting :
(a) Except as otherwise provided by statute or by the Articles of Incorporation, any corporate action, other than the election of directors, to be taken by vote of the shareholders, shall be authorized by a majority of votes cast at a meeting of shareholders by the holders of shares entitled to vote thereon.
(b) Except as otherwise proved by statute or by the Articles of Incorporation, at each meeting of shareholders, each holder of record of voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereat, shall be entitled to one (1) vote for each share of stock registered in his name on the books of the Corporation.
(c) Each shareholder entitled to vote or to express consent or dissent without a meeting, may do so by proxy; provided, however, that the instrument authorizing such proxy to act shall have been executed in writing by the shareholder himself, or by his attorney-in-fact thereunto duly authorized in writing. No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date of its execution, unless the person executing it shall have specified therein the length of time it is to continue in force. Such instrument shall be exhibited to the Secretary at the meeting and shall be filed with the records of the Corporation.
(d) Any action by the shareholders may be taken by written consent in lieu of a meeting to the extent permitted by and in accordance with the laws of Nevada.
ARTICLE III: BOARD OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 1. Number, Election and Term of Office :
(a) The number of directors shall not be less than one (1) and no more than nine (9). The number of directors shall be established by resolution of the Board of Directors and may be increased and/or decreased from time to time by the Board of Directors within the limits permitted above, the Articles of Incorporation and the law.
(b) Except as may otherwise be provided herein or in the Articles of Incorporation, the members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, who need not be shareholders, shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at a meeting of shareholders, by the holders of shares, present in person or by proxy, entitled to vote in the election.

 

3


 

(c) Each director shall hold office until the annual meeting of the shareholders next succeeding his election, and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his prior death, resignation or removal.
SECTION 2. Duties and Powers :
The Board of Directors shall be responsible for the control and management of the affairs, property and interests of the Corporation, and may exercise all powers of the Corporation, except as are in the Articles of Incorporation or by statute expressly conferred upon or reserved to the shareholders.
SECTION 3. Annual and Regular Meetings; Notice :
(a) A regular annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately following the annual meeting of the shareholders, at the place of such annual meeting of shareholders.
(b) The Board of Directors, from time to time, may provide by resolution for the holding of other regular meetings of the Board of Directors, and may fix the time and place thereof.
(c) Notice of any regular meeting of the Board of Directors shall not be required to be given and, if given, need not specify the purpose of the meeting; provided, however, that in case the Board of Directors shall fix or change the time or place of any regular meeting, notice of such action shall be given to each director who shall not have been present at the meeting at which such action was taken within the time limited, and in the manner set forth in Paragraph (b), Section 4 of this Article III, with respect to special meetings, unless such notice shall be waived in the manner set forth in Paragraph (c) of such Section 4.
SECTION 4. Special Meetings; Notice :
(a) Special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held whenever called by the Chairperson, the President or by two of the directors of the Corporation, at such time and place as may be specified in the respective notices or waivers of notice thereof.
(b) Except as otherwise required by statute, notice of special meetings shall be mailed directly to each director, addressed to him at his residence or usual place of business, at least five (5) days before the day on which the meeting is to be held, or shall be sent to him at such place by electronic facsimile, or shall be delivered to him personally or given to him orally, not later than Twenty-Four (24) hours before the time and day on which the meeting is to be held. A notice or waiver of notice need not specify the purpose of the meeting.
(c) Notice of any special meeting shall not be required to be given to any director who shall attend such meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to him, or who submits a signed waiver of notice, whether before or after the meeting. Notice of any adjourned meeting shall not be required to be given.

 

4


 

SECTION 5. Chairperson :
At all meetings of the Board of Directors, the Chairperson of the Board, if any and if present, shall preside. If there shall be no chairperson, or he or she shall be absent, then the President shall preside as chairperson, and in his absence, a chairperson chosen by the directors shall preside.
SECTION 6. Quorum and Adjournments :
(a) At all meetings of the Board of Directors, the presence of a majority of the entire Board shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except as otherwise provided by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these By-laws.
(b) A majority of the directors present at the time and place of any regular or special meeting, although less than a quorum, may adjourn the same from time to time without notice, until a quorum shall be present.
SECTION 7. Manner of Acting :
(a) At all meetings of the Board of Directors, each director present shall have one (1) vote.
(b) Except as otherwise proved by statute, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, the action of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.
(c) Any action authorized in writing, by all of the directors entitled to vote thereon and filed with the minutes of the Corporation, shall be the act of the Board of Directors with the same force and effect as if the same had been passed by unanimous vote at a duly called meeting of the Board.
(d) Members of the Board of Directors or of any committee designated by such Board may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of a conference telephone network or similar communications method by which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other.
SECTION 8. Vacancies :
Any vacancy in the Board of Directors occurring by reason of an increase in the number of directors, or by reason of the death, resignation, disqualification, removal (unless a vacancy created by the removal of a director by the shareholders shall be filled by the shareholders at the meeting at which the removal was effected) or inability to act of any director, or otherwise, shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by a majority vote of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum, at any regular meeting or special meeting of the Board of Directors called for that purpose.

 

5


 

SECTION 9. Resignation :
Any director may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary of the Corporation. Unless otherwise specified in such written notice, such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Board of Directors or such officer, and the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
SECTION 10. Removal :
Any director may be removed with or without cause at any time by the affirmative vote of shareholders holding of record in the aggregate at least two-thirds (2/3) of the outstanding shares of the Corporation at a special meeting of the shareholders called for that purpose, and may be removed for cause by action of the Board, for example, on account of a conviction of a felony or declaration by a court order that the director is of unsound mind.
SECTION 11. Compensation :
The Board of Directors may provide by resolution that the Corporation shall allow a fixed sum and reimbursement of expenses for attendance at Board meetings and Committee meetings. A Director may serve the Corporation in a capacity other than that of a Director and receive compensation for the services rendered in that capacity.
SECTION 12. Committees :
By resolution of the Board of Directors, the Board of Directors shall have the authority to form any committees for whatever purpose. A committee may consist of as few as one member. A committee may exercise all the powers of the Board of Directors except as prohibited by law. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. The Board of Directors may provide that a committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock or to adopt a certificate of ownership or merger. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required.
SECTION 13. Affiliated Transactions :
No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its Directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other Corporation, limited liability company, partnership association, trust or other organization in which one or more of its Directors or officers are directors or officers or have a financial interest shall void or voidable solely for this reason or solely because the Director of officer or is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof that authorizes the contract or transaction or solely because his, her or their votes are counted for such purpose, provided that the relationship of the interested director or officer is disclosed to the Board of Directors promptly upon such interested director or officer becoming aware of such interest.

 

6


 

ARTICLE IV: OFFICERS
SECTION 1. Number, Qualifications, Election and Term of Office :
(a) The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a president, a secretary, a treasurer and such other officers, including a chairperson of the Board of Directors, and one (1) or more vice presidents and assistant officers, as the Board of Directors may from time to time deem advisable. Any officer may be, but is not required to be, a director of the Corporation. Any two (2) or more offices may be held by the same person.
(b) The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors at the regular annual meeting of the Board following the annual meeting of shareholders.
(c) Each officer shall hold office until the annual meeting of the Board of Directors next succeeding his election, and until his successor shall have been elected and qualified, or until his death, resignation or removal.
SECTION 2. Resignation :
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice of such resignation to the Board of Directors, or to the President or the Secretary of the Corporation. Unless otherwise specified in such written notice, such resignation shall take effect upon receipt thereof by the Board of Directors or by such officer, and the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
SECTION 3. Removal :
Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, and a successor elected by the Board of Directors at any time.
SECTION 4. Vacancies :
A vacancy in any office by reason of death, resignation, inability to act, disqualification, or any other cause, may at any time be filled for the unexpired portion of the term in the manner prescribed by the By-laws for regular appointments to such officer.
SECTION 5. Duties of Officers :
(a) Chairperson of the Board. The Chairperson of the Board shall preside at meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Directors, and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect.
(b) Vice-Chairperson. The Vice-Chairperson, if any, shall, in the absence or disability of the Chairperson of the Board, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairperson of the Board and shall perform such other duties as the Board of Director may from time to time prescribe.

 

7


 

(c) President. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation and shall have active management of the business of the Corporation. The President shall execute on behalf of the Corporation all instruments requiring such execution except to the extent the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly designated by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the Corporation.
(d) Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the finances of the Corporation and shall have the general powers and full duties of management usually vested in the office of the chief financial officer of a Corporation, and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the By-laws.
(e) Chief Operating Officer. The Chief Operating Officer shall, subject to the control of the President and the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the operations of the Corporation and shall have the general power and full duties of management usually vested in the office of the chief operating officer of a Corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the By-laws.
(f) Vice-President. One or more Vice-Presidents shall act under the direction of the President and in the absence or disability of the President shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President. They shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the President or the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. The Board of Directors may designate one or more Executive Vice-Presidents or may otherwise specify the order of seniority of the Vice-Presidents. The duties and powers of the President shall descend to the Vice-Presidents in such specified order of seniority.
(g) Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the directors and of the shareholders and shall keep, or cause to be kept, a true and complete record of the proceedings of those meetings. The Secretary shall keep the corporate seal of the Corporation and, when directed by the Board of Directors, shall affix it to any instrument requiring it. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the directors or of the shareholders and shall perform whatever additional duties the Board of Directors and the President may from time to time prescribe.
(h) Treasurer: The Treasurer shall have custody of corporate funds and securities. He shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements and shall deposit all corporate monies and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in a depository or depositories designated by the Board of Directors. He shall disburse the funds of the Corporation and shall render to the President or the Board of Directors, whenever they may require it, an account of his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
(i) Assistant Officers: The Board of Directors may appoint other officers and assistant officers of the Corporation who shall perform whatever duties and have whatever powers the Board of Directors may from time to time assign.

 

8


 

(j) Delegation of Duties: Whenever an officer is absent or whenever, for any reason, the Board of Directors may deem it desirable, the Board may delegate the powers and duties of an officer to any other officer or officers or to any director or directors.
SECTION 6. Sureties and Bonds :
In case the Board of Directors shall so require, any officer, employee or agent of the Corporation shall execute to the Corporation a bond in such sum, and with such surety or sureties as the Board of Directors may direct, conditioned upon the faithful performance of his duties to the Corporation, including responsibility for negligence and for the accounting for all property, funds or securities of the Corporation which may come into his hands.
SECTION 7. Shares of Other Corporations :
Whenever the Corporation is the holder of shares of any other Corporation, any right or power of the Corporation as such shareholder (including the attendance, acting and voting at shareholders’ meetings and execution of waivers, consents, proxies or other instruments) may be exercised on behalf of the Corporation by the President, Chief Financial Officer, any Vice President, or such other person as the Board of Directors may authorize.
SECTION 8. Salaries :
The Board of Directors or a compensation committee shall fix the salaries of the officers of the Corporation. The salaries of other agents and employees of the Corporation may be fixed by the Board of Directors or by an officer to whom that function has been designated by the Board.
ARTICLE V: SHARES OF STOCK
SECTION 1. Manner of Issuance :
The Directors shall have the power to issue the authorized capital stock of the Corporation at such prices as they deem proper. Every Stockholder shall be entitled to a certificate in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The certificates shall be numbered in the order of their issue and shall be signed by the officers of the Corporation designated by the Corporation. The stock certificates shall bear the name of the person owning said stock, the number of shares represented by such certificates, and the date of issue.
All stock certificates representing shares of capital stock that are subject to restrictions on transfer or to other restrictions may have imprinted thereon any notation to that effect determined by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 2. Replacement of Certificates :
The Board of Directors may direct that a new certificate or certificates be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost or destroyed, upon the making of an Affidavit of the facts of the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost or destroyed.

 

9


 

When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require and/or give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost or destroyed.
SECTION 3. Surrender of Certificates :
Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
SECTION 4. Recognition of Shareholder :
(a) Except as otherwise provided by law, the Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person who is registered on its books as the owner of shares of its capital stock to receive dividends or other distributions and to vote or consent as such owner, and, in the case of stock not paid in full, to hold liable for calls and assessments any person who is registered on its books as the owner of shares of its capital stock. The Corporation shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or legal claim to, or interest in, such shares on the part of any other person.
(b) If a shareholder desires that notices and/or dividends be sent to a name or address other than the name or address appearing on the stock ledger maintained by the Corporation, or its transfer agent or registrar, if any, the shareholder shall have the duty to notify the Corporation, or its transfer agent or registrar, if any, in writing of his desire and specify the alternate name or address to be used.
SECTION 5. Transfer Agent :
If a certificate is signed (a) by a transfer agent other than the Corporation or its employees or (b) by a registrar other than the Corporation or its employees, the signatures of the officers of the Corporation may be facsimiles. In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed on a certificate shall cease to be such officer before such certificate is issued, such certificate may be issued with the same effect as though the person had not ceased to be such officer. The seal of the Corporation, or a facsimile thereof, may, but need not be, affixed to certificates of stock.

 

10


 

ARTICLE VI: MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION 1. Dividends :
Subject to applicable law, dividends may be declared and paid out of any funds or property available therefor, as often, in such amounts, and at such time or times as the Board of Directors may determine.
SECTION 2. Reserves :
The Board of Directors shall have full power, subject to the provisions of law and the Articles of Incorporation, to determine whether any, and, if so, what part, of the funds legally available for the payment of dividends shall be declared as dividends and paid to the shareholders of the Corporation. The Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may fix a sum that may be set aside or reserved over and above the paid-in capital of the Corporation as a reserve for any proper purpose, and may, from time to time, increase, diminish, or vary such amount.
SECTION 3. Fiscal Year :
The fiscal year of the Corporation initially shall terminate at the end of a calendar year, and subsequently shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 4. Seal :
The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its Incorporation, and the words “Corporate Seal” and “Nevada”.
SECTION 5. Corporate Records :
The Corporation may keep its stock ledger, books of account and minutes of proceedings of the shareholders, the Board of Directors and the committees of the Board of Directors, either within or without the State of Nevada, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.
SECTION 6. Checks, Drafts, Etc. :
All checks, drafts or other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, issued in the name of or payable to the Corporation, shall be signed or endorsed by such person or persons in such manner as, from time to time, shall be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.

 

11


 

SECTION 7. Notice :
Whenever, under the provisions of law or of the Articles of Incorporation or of these By-laws, notice is required to be given to any director, stockholder, officer or agent, it shall not be construed to mean personal notice, but such notice may be given in writing, by mail, addressed to such person, at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with the requisite postage thereon prepaid, or by telegram or facsimile (to the telex or facsimile number appearing on the records of the Corporation, as applicable) and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail, delivered to the telegraph office, or upon receipt of confirmation of delivery of such fax is received, as the case may be. Notice to directors may also be given by telephone. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of law or the Articles of Incorporation or of these By-laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.
ARTICLE VII: INDEMNIFICATION
SECTION 1. Coverage :
Every person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he or a person of whom he is the legal representative is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation for its benefit as a director or officer of another Corporation, or as its representative in a partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other enterprise, shall be indemnified and held harmless to the fullest extent legally permissible under the General Corporation Law of the States of Nevada from time to time against all expenses, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgment, fines and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by him in connection herewith. The expenses of officers and directors incurred defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding must be paid by the Corporation as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of any undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation. Such right of indemnification shall be a contract right which may be enforced in any manner desired by the person. Such right of indemnification shall not be exclusive of any other right which such directors, officers or representatives may have or hereafter acquire and, without limiting the generality of such statement, they shall be entitled to their respective rights of indemnification under any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders, provision of law or otherwise, as well as their rights by this Article.
SECTION 2. Insurance :
The Board of Directors may cause the Corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer of another Corporation, or as its representative in a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against such person and incurred in any such capacity or arising out of such status, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person.

 

12


 

SECTION 3. Modification :
The Board of Directors may from time to time adopt further By-laws with respect to indemnification and may amend these and such By-laws to provide at all times the fullest indemnification permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Nevada.
ARTICLE VIII: AMENDMENTS
SECTION 1. By Shareholders :
The By-laws may be amended by a majority vote of all the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at any annual or special meeting of the shareholders, provided notice of intention to amend shall have been contained in the notice of the meeting.
SECTION 2. By Board of Directors :
The Board of Directors by a majority vote of the entire Board at any meeting may amend these By-laws, including By-laws adopted by the shareholders, but the shareholders may from time to time specify particular provisions o the By-laws which shall not be amended by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE IX: CORPORATE RECORDS
The Corporation shall maintain a copy of the following records at its registered office in Nevada:
(a) A copy certified by the Secretary of State of its Articles of Incorporation, and all amendments thereto;
(b) A copy certified by an officer of the Corporation of its By-laws and all amendments thereto; and
(c) A stock ledger or a duplicate stock ledger, revised annually, containing the names, alphabetically arranged, of all persons who are shareholders of the Corporation, showing their places of residence, if known, and the number of shares held by them respectively. In lieu of the stock ledger or duplicate stock ledger, the Corporation may maintain a statement setting out the name of the custodian of the stock ledger or duplicate stock ledger, and the present and complete mailing or street address where the stock ledger or duplicate stock ledger is maintained.
The books of the Corporation may be kept outside the State of Nevada at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors.
These Amended and Restated By-laws of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. are herewith executed this 12th day of March, 2007.
         
     
     
  Philip Lichtenberger, Secretary   
 

 

13

 

Exhibit 10.12
Tomkins Capital Group Letterhead
September 1, 2006
Mr. Joel A. Balbien
Chief Executive Officer
Kreido Laboratories, [Inc.]
1140 Avenida Acaso
Camarillo, CA 93012
Dear Mr. Balbien:
We are pleased to submit this binding Term Sheet whereby Tompkins Capital Group, or its affiliates (“TCG”), will assist Kreido Laboratories, [Inc.] (“Kreido”), and a US publicly traded company (“Pubco”), in connection with a reverse triangular merger and a PPO (as defined herein) and related transactions (“Transactions”). We agree that this Term Sheet supersedes and replaces any and all prior oral and/or written agreements.
     
Item   Description
1. Structure
  Pubco, a publicly traded company currently listed on the NASD OTC Bulletin Board and not registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, will enter into a reverse triangular merger with Kreido and a newly formed acquisition subsidiary of Pubco, which merger shall qualify as a tax-free reorganization under the Internal Revenue Code, and pursuant to which Pubco will acquire all the outstanding shares of Kreido (the “Merger”) in exchange for shares of Pubco common stock (“Common Stock”) with an anticipated closing date on or before October 31, 2006 (the “Closing Date”). Following the Closing Date, Pubco will change its name to such other alternate name as shall be determined by Kreido.
 
   
 
  Upon the Closing Date, and as a precondition for Kreido participation in the Merger, Pubco shall have closed on private placement financing of units (“Units”) of Pubco securities as discussed in Section 4 below, and the Board of Directors of Pubco shall have adopted, subject to shareholder approval following the Closing Date, a Three Million Seven Hundred and Fifty Thousand (3,750,000) Share Employee Incentive Stock Option Plan (“ESOP”).
 
   
 
  The above-described transactions will hereinafter be referred to as the “Transaction” or “Transactions.” All references in this Term Sheet to “$s” or “dollars” are to United States dollars, unless the context specifically provides otherwise.

 

 


 

     
Item   Description
2. Merger
  The definitive merger agreement among Pubco, Kreido and the acquisition subsidiary (the “Merger Agreement”) will contain customary representations and warranties for a transaction of this type. In particular, Pubco will represent, warrant and covenant to Kreido that on the date of the Merger Agreement and on the Closing Date, that Pubco (and the acquisition subsidiary as applicable):
  (a)  
is a US corporation in good standing whose shares are presently eligible for quotation on the NASD OTC Bulletin Board and not subject to any notice of suspension or delisting;
 
  (b)  
has complied with all applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations, including being current in all of its reporting obligations under federal securities laws and regulations;
 
  (c)  
no order suspending the effectiveness of Pubco’ Registration Statement on Form SB-2 has been issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and, to Pubco’ knowledge, no proceedings for that purpose have been initiated or threatened by the SEC;
 
  (d)  
is not, and has not, and the past and present officers, directors and affiliates of Pubco are not and have not, been the subject of, nor does any officer or director of Pubco have any reason to believe that Pubco or any of its officers, directors or affiliates will be the subject of, any civil or criminal proceeding or investigation by any federal or state agency alleging a violation of securities laws;
 
  (e)  
is not, and has not been the subject of any voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy proceeding, nor is it or has it been a party to any material litigation. Litigation shall be deemed “material” if the amount at issue exceeds the lesser of $10,000 per matter or $25,000 in the aggregate;
 
  (f)  
has not, and the past and present officers, directors and affiliates of Pubco have not, been the subject of, nor does any officer or director of Pubco have any reason to believe that Pubco or any of its officers, directors or affiliates will be the subject of, any civil, criminal or administrative investigation or proceeding brought by any federal or state agency;

 

 


 

     
Item   Description
  (g)  
will discontinue all of its business operations without any material adverse effect upon Pubco, and Pubco has no material liabilities, contingent or otherwise in any way related to any such business operations; and
 
  (h)  
does not, on the Closing Date, have any liabilities, contingent or otherwise, including but not limited to notes payable and accounts payable, except as otherwise discussed herein, and is not a party to any executory agreements.
     
 
  The Merger Agreement will contain customary indemnification provisions to secure breaches of representations and warranties reasonably satisfactory to the parties. Such provisions shall provide, among other things, that the stockholders of Kreido as of the date of the execution of this Term Sheet (the “Effective Date”) shall initially receive in the Merger ninety five percent (95%) of the shares to which such stockholder is entitled, with the remaining five percent (5%) of such shares being held in escrow for two (2) years to satisfy post Closing claims for indemnification by Pubco. The Merger Agreement will also contain a provision providing for a post-Closing share adjustment as a means for which claims for indemnity may be made by Kreido. Pursuant to the provision up to 2,000,000 shares (the “R&W Shares”) of Common Stock may be issued to stock holders of Kreido, pro rata, during the two (2) year period following the Closing Date for breaches of representations and warranties. The value of the R&W Shares issued pursuant to the adjustment mechanism will be fixed at the per Unit price of Units sold in the PPO as defined below (which price is currently contemplated to be $1.30 per Unit).
 
   
3. Consideration
  In consideration for the Merger, the stockholders of Kreido shall receive Twenty Seven Million (27,000,000) shares of Common Stock of Pubco in exchange for all the shares of common stock of Kreido. The shares of Common Stock of Pubco received by the stockholders of Kreido shall represent approximately fifty four and five tenths percent (54.5%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Minimum PPO, as such term is defined below, is sold, and approximately fifty two and eight tenths percent (52.8%>) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Maximum PPO, as such term is defined below, is sold, in each case on a fully diluted basis after giving effect to the Merger and the shares of Common Stock issued in the PPO but not the shares granted under the ESOP, or the R&W Shares or the Investor Warrants, as defined below.

 

 


 

     
Item   Description
 
  In consideration for the Merger, the stockholders of Pubco will retain Eight Million (8,750,000) shares of Common Stock of Pubco representing approximately seventeen and six tenths percent (17.6%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Minimum PPO is sold, and approximately seventeen and one tenth percent (17.1%>) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Maximum PPO is sold, in each case on a fully diluted basis after giving effect to the Merger and the shares of Common Stock issued in the PPO but not the shares granted under the ESOP, or the R&W Shares or the Investor Warrants.
 
   
 
  The investors in the PPO will own:
  (a)  
Thirteen Million Eight Hundred and Forty Six Thousand One Hundred and Fifty Three (13,846,153) shares of Common Stock of Pubco representing approximately twenty seven and nine tenths percent (27.9%o) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Minimum PPO is sold; and
 
  (b)  
Fifteen Million Three Hundred and Eighty Four Thousand Six Hundred and Fifteen (15,384,615) shares of Common Stock of Pubco, representing approximately thirty and one tenth percent (30.1%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco if the Maximum PPO is sold,
     
 
  in each case on a fully diluted basis after giving effect to the Merger and the shares of Common Stock issued in the PPO, but not the shares granted under the ESOP, or the R&W Shares or the Investor Warrants.
 
   
 
  Subject to the cancellation of the 2,000,000 R&W Shares held in escrow as provided in the last paragraph of Section 2 above, the total shares of Common Stock of Pubco outstanding after giving effect to the Transactions on a fully diluted basis will be approximately 60,269,229 shares, if the Minimum PPO is sold, and approximately 62,576,923 shares, if the Maximum PPO is sold, in each case including the shares reserved for issuance under the ESOP and the shares reserved for issuance under the Investor Warrants.
 
   
4. Private Placement Offering
  Pubco will conduct a private placement offering pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act and any and all applicable state securities laws (the “PPO”) of a minimum (the “Minimum PPO”) of Thirteen Million Eight Hundred and Forty Six Thousand One Hundred and Fifty Three (13,846,153) Units of its securities, and a maximum (the “Maximum PPO”) of Fifteen Million Three Hundred and Eighty Four Thousand Six Hundred and Fifteen (15,384,615) Units of its securities, at an offering price of $1.30 per Unit. Each unit shall consist of one (1) share of Common Stock and one half of one common stock purchase warrant (“Investor Warrants”). Each Investor Warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase one share of Pubco Common Stock, at an exercise price of $1.80 per share, and will be exercisable for a period of five (5) years from the Closing Date.

 

 


 

     
Item   Description
 
  The parties acknowledge that TCG will assist Kreido on a “best efforts” basis in finding qualified subscribers for the PPO. The parties agree that TCG has no commitment to sell the Units, and shall have no liability hereunder if all or any of the Units are not sold.
 
   
5. Financial Statements of Kreido
  On or prior to the Closing Date, Kreido shall provide any such audited or unaudited financial statements as may be required under applicable U.S. Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations for inclusion of such statements in Pubco’s SEC and other regulatory filings.
 
   
6. Signing Date
  It is contemplated that the definitive agreement (the “Merger Agreement”) will be signed on or before the last day of the Exclusivity Period (hereinafter defined). The Merger Agreement shall contain such terms and provisions as shall be mutually agreed upon between Kreido and Pubco consistent with the provisions in this Term Sheet.
 
   
7. Board of Directors
  Immediately following the Closing Date, the Board of Directors shall consist of five (5) members. On the Closing Date, all of the current officers and directors of Pubco shall resign and, simultaneously therewith, appoint a new Board of Directors and such executive officers as shall be determined solely by Kreido. On the Closing Date, Pubco shall have the right to appoint one (1) member of the five (5) new members of the Board of Directors, provided such appointee is reasonably acceptable to the Kreido appointed directors.
 
   
8. Registration
  Promptly, but no later than one hundred twenty (120) calendar days from the Closing Date of the Merger, Pubco shall file a registration statement (on Form SB-2, or similar form) with the SEC covering the shares of Pubco Common Stock issued in connection with the PPO (including the shares of Common Stock underlying the Investor Warrants) (the “Registration Statement”). Pubco shall use its best efforts to ensure that such Registration Statement is declared effective within one hundred twenty (120) calendar days of filing with the SEC. There shall be monetary penalties if Pubco is late in filing the Registration Statement or if the Registration Statement is not declared effective within one hundred twenty (120) days of filing with the SEC. Such penalties shall be equal to one and one-quarter percent (1.25%) of the gross proceeds of the PPO for each full month that (i) Pubco is late in filing the Registration Statement or (ii) the Registration Statement is late in being declared effective; provided, however, that in no event shall the aggregate of any such penalties exceed fifteen percent (15%) of the gross proceeds of the PPO. Pubco shall keep the Registration Statement “Evergreen” for two (2) years from the date it is declared effective by the SEC or until Rule 144(k) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is available to the PPO investors with respect to all of their shares, whichever is earlier. Pubco shall retain, and pay at its sole expense, Gottbetter & Partners, LLP (“G&P”) to file the Registration Statement.

 

 


 

     
Item   Description
9. Restriction on Sale
  All securities issued pursuant to the Merger will be “restricted” stock and be subject to all applicable resale restrictions specified by federal and state securities laws.
 
   
10. Conditions to Closing
  The Merger shall include certain closing conditions including the following: (i) consummation of all required definitive instruments and agreements, including, but not limited to, the Merger Agreement; (ii) obtaining all necessary board, shareholder and third party consents; (iii) satisfactory completion by Pubco and Kreido of all necessary technical and legal due diligence, and (iv) the completion of the offer and sale of the PPO. In connection with the Transactions Pubco will change its name to such name as is acceptable to Kreido. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties shall continue to be bound by the provisions of Section 17 in the event of any termination of this Term Sheet.
 
   
11. Pre-Closing Covenants
  Pubco and Kreido shall each cooperate with each other and use their reasonable best efforts to execute and deliver the Merger Agreement and all other documents necessary or desirable to effect the Transactions as soon as possible and to thereafter satisfy each of the conditions to closing specified thereunder. Kreido will retain McGuire Woods, LLP as its corporate and securities counsel for the purpose of effectuating the Transactions. The terms and conditions of the retention of McGuire Woods, LLP will be subject to a written agreement to be acceptable to Kreido prior to the retainer being effective.
 
   
12. Employment Agreement
  Mr. Joel A. Balbien shall have an employment agreement mutually satisfactory to Kreido and Pubco and to Mr. Balbien.
 
   
13. Closing Costs:
  All fees and expenses relating to the Transactions, including but not limited to legal and accounting fees, will be payable at Closing from the proceeds of the PPO. The Parties understand that G&P shall be engaged by Pubco to serve as its securities counsel (“G&P Retainer”) prior to the Closing Date and that fees and expenses of G&P incurred by Pubco will similarly be payable at Closing from the proceeds of the PPO. G&P shall handle all securities matters requested by Pubco (as defined below), including, but not limited to, any registration statements to be filed with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933 and any compliance filing to be filed with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (e.g., 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 14C, S-8, S-4, etc.) to the extent necessary to facilitate the Closing. The terms and conditions of the G&P Retainer will be subject to a written agreement to be acceptable to Pubco and Kreido prior to the retainer being effective.

 

 


 

     
Item   Description
14. Exclusivity
  From and after the Effective Date and during a period of one hundred twenty (120) days thereafter (the “Exclusivity Period”), Kreido hereby covenants and agrees that it will not enter into any agreement or consummate any transaction with any third party, in whatever form, other than in the ordinary course of business (including, without limitation, joint venture, sale, license, distribution agreement, etc.) or enter into any other transaction that would preclude the consummation of the PPO and the Merger Agreement consistent with the terms set forth in this Term Sheet. During the Exclusivity Period, Pubco will incur additional legal and other costs and expenses in connection with the negotiation of the Transaction and certain due diligence activities relating thereto. TCG shall have the right, upon notice to the other parties hereto, to terminate its obligations hereunder at any time if the results of its due diligence inquiry are unsatisfactory to TCG, in TCG’s sole discretion.
 
   
15. Governing Law
  This Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to principles of conflicts or choice of laws thereof.
 
   
16. Use of Proceeds
  Pubco shall receive the gross proceeds from the PPO, less the legal and accounting fees of Pubco, as set forth herein. The gross proceeds will be utilized for (i) a mutually agreeable $500,000 investor relations program, (ii) general working capital purposes and (iii) development of three (3) bio-diesel production facilities using Kreido technology.
 
   
17. Termination and Effects of Termination
  The obligations of the parties to each other under this Term Sheet shall terminate upon the first to occur of (x) the expiration of the Exclusivity Period, (y) termination by TCG pursuant to Section 14 of this Term Sheet or (z) the execution and delivery of a Merger Agreement among Kreido, Pubco and the acquisition subsidiary, provided that the provisions and obligations of the parties created by Sections 17 and 18 shall survive the termination of this Term Sheet in any event.
 
   
18. Confidentiality
  Each of the parties to this Term Sheet agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the terms of this Term Sheet and the Transaction, and not to use any information it may learn about the other party for any purpose other than to consummate the Transaction. Further, no disclosure of any information concerning this Term Sheet, the Transaction or any confidential information of the delivering party bearing a label “confidential” or any similar marking shall be disclosed to any other person unless and until such person shall have first executed and delivered a written confidentiality agreement by which such person agrees to hold in confidence all such confidential information (unless by operation of law or pre-existing agreement, such person is already bound by such confidentiality obligations).

 

 


 

     
Item   Description
 
  Any notices desired, required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be delivered personally or mailed, certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, or delivered by overnight courier service, to the following addresses, or such other addresses as shall be given by notice delivered hereunder, and shall be deemed to have been given upon delivery, if delivered personally, four (4) days after mailing, if mailed, or one (1) business day after timely delivery to the overnight courier service, if delivered by overnight courier service: (i) if to TCG, to 488 Madison Ave., 12th FL, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Mr. Mark Tompkins, with a copy to Gottbetter & Partners, LLP, 488 Madison Ave., 12th FL, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Adam S. Gottbetter, Esq., and (ii) if to Kreido, to Mr. Joel A. Balbien, 1140 Avenida Acaso, Camarillo, CA 93012, with a copy to McGuire Woods LLP, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105, Attention: Louis W. Zehil, Esq., and with a copy to DLA Piper US LLP, 203 North LaSalle Street, Suite 1900, Chicago, Illinois 60601, Attention: John H. Heuberger, Esq.
SIGNATURE PAGE TO IMMEDIATELY FOLLOW

 

 


 

This Term Sheet sets forth the principal terms of the Transaction and constitutes a binding contract on the part of the parties hereto. All of these binding obligations of the parties with respect to the Transaction shall be further memorialized by the execution and delivery of the definitive Merger Agreement and the related PPO documentation.
We look forward to working with you to complete the Transaction successfully and expeditiously. If the foregoing correctly sets forth your understanding, please evidence your agreement to this Term Sheet by executing a copy of this Term Sheet in the space set forth below.
AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED:
This 1 st day of September, 2006.
         
KREIDO LABORATORIES, INC.
 
   
By:   /s/ Joel A. Balbien      
  Name:   Mr. Joel A. Balbien      
  Title:   CEO      
 
TOMPKINS CAPITAL GROUP
 
   
By:   /s/ Mark Tompkins      
  Name:   Mr. Mark Tompkins      
  Title:   Principal      
 

 

 

 

Exhibit 10.13
Tomkins Capital Group Letterhead
October 25, 2006
Mr. Joel A. Balbien
Chief Executive Officer
Kreido Laboratories
1140 Avenida Acaso
Camarillo, CA 93012
Dear Mr. Balbien:
We refer to that certain term sheet dated September 1, 2006 (the “Term Sheet”) between Tompkins Capital Group (“TCG”) and Kreido Laboratories (“Kreido”) with respect to a reverse triangular merger and a PPO (as defined therein) and related transactions (“Transactions”). Capitalized terms not defined in this letter shall have the meanings given to them in the Term Sheet.
TCG and Kreido desire to amend certain provisions of the Term Sheet.
Accordingly, the Term Sheet is hereby amended as follows;
The first and second paragraphs of the Provision entitled “1. Structure” in the Term Sheet are hereby deleted in their entirety and replaced with the following:
     
1. Structure.
  Pubco, a publicly traded company currently listed on the NASD OTC Bulletin Board and not registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, will enter into a reverse triangular merger with Kreido and a newly formed acquisition subsidiary of Pubco, which merger shall qualify as a tax-free reorganization under the Internal Revenue Code, and pursuant to which Pubco will acquire all the outstanding shares of Kreido (the “Merger”) in exchange for shares of Pubco common stock (“Common Stock”) with an anticipated closing date on or before November 30, 2006 (the “Closing Date”). Following the Closing Date, Pubco will change its name to such other alternate name as shall be determined by Kreido.
 
   
 
  Upon the Closing Date, and as a precondition for Kreido participation in the Merger, Pubco shall have closed on private placement financing of units (“Units”) of Pubco securities as discussed in Section 4 below, and the Board of Directors of Pubco shall have adopted, subject to shareholder approval following the Closing Date, a Three Million Eight Hundred and Fifty Thousand (3,850,000) Share Employee Incentive Stock Option Plan (“ESOP”).

 

 


 

The final sentence of the final paragraph of the Provision entitled “2. Merger” in the Term Sheet is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:
The value of the R&W Shares issued pursuant to the adjustment mechanism will be fixed at the per Unit price of Units sold in the PPO as defined below (which price is currently contemplated to be $1.35 per Unit).
The Provision entitled “3. Consideration” in the Term Sheet is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:
     
3. Consideration
  In consideration for the Merger, the stockholders of Kreido shall receive Twenty Seven Million (27,000,000) shares of Common Stock of Pubco in exchange for all the shares of common stock of Kreido. The shares of Common Stock of Pubco received by the stockholders of Kreido shall represent approximately fifty five percent (55.0%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Minimum PPO, as such term is defined below, is sold, and approximately fifty one and nine tenths percent (51.9%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Maximum PPO, as such term is defined below, is sold, in each case on a fully diluted basis after giving effect to the Merger and the shares of Common Stock issued in the PPO but not the shares granted under the ESOP, or the R&W Shares or the Investor Warrants, as defined below. For purposes of the Merger, Kreido’s capitalization table shall be frozen as of October 31, 2006, and Kreido shall be authorized to issue (“Bridge Notes”) to satisfy its working capital needs pending the closing of the Transactions. Bridge Notes issued after October 31, 2006 and on or before November 30, 2006 shall, and Bridge Notes issued after November 30, 2006 at the discretion of the lender may, convert in their entirety into Units in the PPO, at a conversion price identical to the price per Unit in the PPO (which currently is anticipated to be $1.35 per Unit), upon the close of the PPO.
 
   
 
  In consideration for the Merger, the stockholders of Pubco will retain Eight Million Seven Hundred and Fifty Thousand (8,750,000) shares of Common Stock of Pubco representing approximately seventeen and eight tenths percent (17.8%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Minimum PPO is sold, and approximately sixteen and eight tenths percent (16.8%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Maximum PPO is sold, in each case on a fully diluted basis after giving effect to the Merger and the shares of Common Stock issued in the PPO but not the shares granted under the ESOP, or the R&W Shares or the Investor Warrants.

 

 


 

     
 
  The investors in the PPO will own:
  (a)  
Thirteen Million Three Hundred and Thirty Three Thousand Three Hundred and Thirty Four (13,333,334) shares of Common Stock of Pubco representing approximately twenty seven and two tenths percent (27.2%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco, if the Minimum PPO is sold; and
 
  (b)  
Sixteen Million Two Hundred and Ninety Six Thousand Two Hundred and Ninety Seven (16,296,297) shares of Common Stock of Pubco, representing approximately thirty one and three tenths percent (31.3%) of the shares of Common Stock of Pubco if the Maximum PPO is sold,
     
 
  in each case on a fully diluted basis after giving effect to the Merger and the shares of Common Stock issued in the PPO, but not the shares granted under the ESOP, or the R&W Shares or the Investor Warrants.
 
   
 
  Subject to the cancellation of the 2,000,000 R&W Shares held in escrow as provided in the last paragraph of Section 2 above, the total shares of Common Stock of Pubco outstanding after giving effect to the Transactions on a fully diluted basis will be approximately 59,600,001 shares, if the Minimum PPO is sold, and approximately 64,044,446 shares, if the Maximum PPO is sold, in each case including the shares reserved for issuance under the ESOP and the shares reserved for issuance under the Investor Warrants.
The first paragraph of the Provision entitled “4. Private Placement Offering” in the Term Sheet is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:
     
4. Private Placement Offering
  Pubco will conduct a private placement offering pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act and any and all applicable state securities laws (the “PPO”) of a minimum (the “Minimum PPO”) of Thirteen Million Three Hundred and Thirty Three Thousand Three Hundred and Thirty Four (13,333,334) Units of its securities, and a maximum (the “Maximum PPO”) of Sixteen Million Two Hundred and Ninety Six Thousand Two Hundred and Ninety Seven (16,296,297) Units of its securities, in each case including any securities issued upon the conversion of Bridge Notes, at an offering price of $1.35 per Unit. Each unit shall consist of one (1) share of Common Stock and one half of one common stock purchase warrant (“Investor Warrants”). Each Investor Warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase one share of Pubco Common Stock, at an exercise price of $1.85 per share, and will be exercisable for a period of five (5) years from the Closing Date.

 

 


 

     
 
  Broker-dealers who introduce investors to the PPO will be paid a commission of seven percent (7%) of funds raised from such investors in the PPO.
The following language is added at the end of the Provision entitled “9. Restriction on Sale” in the Term Sheet:
     
 
  At Closing, the principals of Kreido shall enter into Lock-Up Agreements with Pubco for a term of 12 months whereby they agree to certain restrictions on the sale or disposition of all of the Common Stock of Pubco acquired by them in connection with the Merger. In addition, for a period of one year following the closing of the Transactions, the Parent shall not register, nor shall it take any action to facilitate registration, under the Securities Act, the shares of Pubco Common Stock issued pursuant to the Merger.
The Provision entitled “13. Closing Costs” in the Term Sheet is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:
     
13. Closing Costs
  All fees and expenses relating to the Transactions, including but not limited to legal and accounting fees, will be payable at Closing from the proceeds of the PPO. The Parties understand that G&P shall be engaged by Pubco to serve as its securities counsel (“G&P Retainer”) prior to the Closing Date and that fees and expenses of G&P incurred by Pubco will similarly be payable at Closing from the proceeds of the PPO. G&P shall handle all securities matters requested by Pubco (as defined below), including, but not limited to, any registration statements to be filed with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933 and any compliance filing to be filed with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (e.g., 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 14C, S-8, S-4, etc.) to the extent necessary to facilitate the Closing. The terms and conditions of the G&P Retainer will be subject to a written agreement to be acceptable to Pubco and Kreido prior to the retainer being effective. G&P’s fee for such representation shall be limited to a maximum of $150,000.
 
   
 
  In addition, the fee of McGuire Woods LLP for its representation of Kreido in connection with the Transactions shall be limited to a maximum of $175,000.

 

 


 

The Provision entitled “14. Exclusivity” in the Term Sheet is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following:
     
14. Exclusivity
  From and after the Effective Date and continuing through January 15, 2007 (the “Exclusivity Period”), Kreido hereby covenants and agrees that it will not enter into any agreement or consummate any transaction with any third party in whatever form, other than in the ordinary course of business (including, without limitation, joint venture, sale, license, distribution agreement, etc.) or enter into any other transaction thatwould preclude the consummation of the PPO and the Merger Agreement consistent with the terms set forth in this Term Sheet. During the Exclusivity Period, Pubco will incur additional legal and other costs and expenses in connection with the negotiation of the Transaction and certain due diligence activities relating thereto. TCG shall have the right, upon notice to the other parties hereto, to terminate its obligations hereunder at any time if the results of its due diligence inquiry are unsatisfactory to TCG, in TCG’s sole discretion.
SIGNATURE PAGE TO IMMEDIATELY FOLLOW

 

 


 

Other than the foregoing amendments, all other terms and conditions of the Term Sheet remain in full force and effect.
AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED: This 25th day of
October, 2006
         
Tompkins Capital Group LLC
 
   
By:   /s/ Mark Tompkins      
  Name:   Mr. Mark Tompkins     
  Title:   Manager     
 
Kreido Laboratories
 
   
By:   /s/ Joel A. Balbien      
  Name:   Dr. Joel A. Balbien     
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer     
 

 

 

 

Exhibit 10.14
INDEMNITY AGREEMENT
This Indemnity Agreement, dated as of ___, 2007, is made by and between Kreido Biofuels, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “ Company ”), and _____________________(the “ Indemnitee ”).
RECITALS
A. The Company is aware that competent and experienced persons are increasingly reluctant to serve as directors, officers or agents of corporations unless they are protected by comprehensive liability insurance or indemnification, due to increased exposure to litigation costs and risks resulting from their service to such corporations, and due to the fact that the exposure frequently bears no reasonable relationship to the compensation of such directors, officers and other agents.
B. The statutes and judicial decisions regarding the duties of directors and officers are often difficult to apply, ambiguous, or conflicting, and therefore fail to provide such directors, officers and agents with adequate, reliable knowledge of legal risks to which they are exposed or information regarding the proper course of action to take.
C. Plaintiffs often seek damages in such large amounts and the costs of litigation may be so enormous (whether or not the case is meritorious), that the defense and/or resolution of such litigation is often beyond the personal resources of directors, officers and other agents.
D. The Company believes that it is unfair for its directors, officers and agents, and the directors, officers and agents of its subsidiaries, to assume the risk of huge judgments and other expenses which may occur in cases in which the director, officer or agent received no personal profit and in cases where the director, officer or agent was not culpable.
E. The Company recognizes that the issues in controversy in litigation against a director, officer or agent of a corporation, such as the Company or its subsidiaries, are often related to the knowledge, motives and intent of such director, officer or agent, that he or she is usually the only witness with knowledge of the essential facts and exculpating circumstances regarding such matters, and that the long period of time which usually elapses before the trial or other disposition of such litigation often extends beyond the time that the director, officer or agent can reasonably recall such matters and may extend beyond the normal time for retirement for such director, officer or agent with the result that he or she, after retirement or in the event of his or her death, his or her spouse, heirs, executors or administrators, may be faced with limited ability and undue hardship in maintaining an adequate defense, which may discourage such a director, officer or agent from serving in that position.
F. Based upon their experience as business managers, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) has concluded that, to retain and attract talented and experienced individuals to serve as directors, officers and agents of the Company and its subsidiaries and to encourage such individuals to take the business risks necessary for the success of the Company and its subsidiaries, it is necessary for the Company to contractually indemnify its directors, officers and agents and the directors, officers and agents of its subsidiaries, and to assume for itself maximum liability for expenses and damages in connection with claims against such directors, officers and agents in connection with their service to the Company and its subsidiaries, and has further concluded that the failure to provide such contractual indemnification could result in great harm to the Company and its subsidiaries and the Company’s stockholders.

 

1


 

G. Section 78.7502, 78.751, and 78.752 of the Nevada Revised Statutes (the “ Indemnification Sections ”) empowers the Company to indemnify its directors, officers, employees and agents by agreement and to indemnify persons who serve, at the request of the Company, as the directors, officers, employees or agents of other corporations, partnerships, joint ventures or trusts, and expressly provides that the indemnification provided by the Indemnification Sections is not exclusive.
H. The Company desires and has requested the Indemnitee to serve or continue to serve as a director, officer or agent of the Company and/or one or more subsidiaries of the Company free from undue concern for claims for damages arising out of or related to such services to the Company and/or one or more subsidiaries of the Company.
I. Indemnitee is willing to serve, or to continue to serve, the Company and/or one or more subsidiaries of the Company, provided that he or she is furnished the indemnity provided for herein.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
1. Definitions .
(a)  Agent . For the purposes of this Agreement, “agent” means any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or other agent of the Company or of a subsidiary of the Company; or is or was serving at the request of, for the convenience of, or to represent the interests of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company as a director, officer, manager, employee or agent of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other enterprise.
(b)  Expenses and Liabilities . For purposes of this Agreement, “expenses” shall include all out-of-pocket costs of any type or nature whatsoever (including, without limitation, all attorneys’ fees and related disbursements), actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with either the investigation, defense, resolution or appeal of a proceeding or establishing or enforcing a right to indemnification under this Agreement or the Indemnification Sections or otherwise; and “liabilities” shall include any judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties, or amounts paid in settlement of a proceeding. “Expenses” and “liabilities” shall not include any expenses or liabilities in connection with any claim made against the Indemnitee:

 

2


 

(i) if the claim is proved by final judgment in a court of law or other final adjudication to have been based upon or attributable to the Indemnitee’s in fact having gained any personal profit or advantage to which he or she was not legally entitled;
(ii) if it is proved by final judgment in a court of law or other final adjudication that such indemnification is unlawful;
(iii) if it is proved by final judgment in a court of law or other final adjudication that the Indemnitee is liable pursuant to Nevada Revised Statute 78.138;
(iv) for a disgorgement of profits made from the purchase and sale by the Indemnitee of securities pursuant to Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), or similar provisions of any state statutory law or common law;
(v) on account of any liability derived from a failure of the Indemnitee to timely file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission any reports and notices under Sections 13 or 16(a) of the Exchange Act;
(vi) brought about or contributed to by the dishonesty of the Indemnitee seeking payment hereunder; however, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Indemnitee shall be protected under this Agreement as to any claims upon which suit may be brought against him or her by reason of any alleged dishonesty on his or her part, unless a judgment or other final adjudication thereof adverse to the Indemnitee shall establish that he or she committed (i) acts of active and deliberate dishonesty, (ii) with actual dishonest purpose and intent, (iii) which acts were material to the cause of action so adjudicated; or
(vii) for any judgment, fine or penalty which the Corporation is prohibited by applicable law from paying as indemnity or for any other reason.
(c)  Proceeding . For the purposes of this Agreement, “proceeding” means any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative.
(d)  Subsidiary . For purposes of this Agreement, “subsidiary” means any corporation of which more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities is owned directly or indirectly by the Company, by the Company and one or more other subsidiaries, or by one or more other subsidiaries.
2.  Agreement to Serve . The Indemnitee agrees to serve and/or continue to serve as agent of the Company, at its will (or under separate agreement, if such agreement exists), in the capacity Indemnitee currently serves as an agent of the Company, so long as he or she is duly appointed or elected and qualified in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bylaws of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or until such time as he or she tenders his or her resignation in writing; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to create any right to continued employment by Indemnitee.

 

3


 

3. Liability Insurance .
(a)  Maintenance of D&O Insurance . The Company hereby covenants and agrees that, so long as the Indemnitee shall continue to serve as an agent of the Company and thereafter so long as the Indemnitee shall be subject to any possible proceeding by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee was an agent of the Company, the Company, subject to Section 3(c), shall promptly obtain and maintain in full force and effect directors’ and officers’ liability insurance (“ D&O Insurance ”) in reasonable amounts from established and reputable insurers.
(b)  Rights and Benefits . In all policies of D&O Insurance, the Indemnitee shall be named as an insured in such a manner as to provide the Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as are accorded to the most favorably insured of the Company’s directors, if the Indemnitee is a director; or of the Company’s officers, if the Indemnitee is not a director of the Company but is an officer; or of the Company’s key employees, if the Indemnitee is not a director or officer but is a key employee. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, D&O Insurance may not provide protection for an Indemnitee adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable for intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law, except with respect to the advancement of expenses or indemnification ordered by a court.
(c)  Limitation on Required Maintenance of D&O Insurance . Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have no obligation to obtain or maintain D&O Insurance if the Company determines in good faith that such insurance is not reasonably available, the premium costs for such insurance are disproportionate to the amount of coverage provided, the coverage provided by such insurance is limited by exclusions so as to provide an insufficient benefit, or the Indemnitee is covered by similar insurance maintained by a subsidiary of the Company.
4.  Mandatory Indemnification . Subject to Section 9 below, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee as follows:
(a)  Third Party Actions . If the Indemnitee is a person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was an agent of the Company, or by reason of anything done or not done by him or her in any such capacity, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee against any and all expenses and liabilities of any type whatsoever (including, but not limited to, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes and penalties, and amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the investigation, defense, resolution or appeal of such proceeding, provided the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner which the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that the Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful.

 

4


 

(b)  Derivative Actions . If the Indemnitee is a person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding by or in the right of the Company by reason of the fact that he or she is or was an agent of the Company, or by reason of anything done or not done by him or her in any such capacity, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee against all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the investigation, defense, resolution or appeal of such proceeding, provided the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company and its stockholders; except that no indemnification under this subsection 4(b) shall be made in respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been finally adjudged to be liable to the Company by a court of competent jurisdiction unless and only to the extent that the court in which such proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such amounts which the court shall deem proper.
(c)  Actions where Indemnitee is Deceased . If the Indemnitee is a person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was an agent of the Company, or by reason of anything done or not done by him or her in any such capacity, and if prior to, during the pendency of after completion of such proceeding Indemnitee becomes deceased, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators against any and all expenses and liabilities of any type whatsoever (including, but not limited to, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes and penalties, and amounts paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred to the extent Indemnitee would have been entitled to indemnification pursuant to Sections 4(a) or 4(b) above were Indemnitee still alive.
(d)  Limitations . Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify the Indemnitee for expenses or liabilities of any type whatsoever for which payment is actually made to or on behalf of Indemnitee under a valid and collectible insurance policy of D&O Insurance, or under a valid and enforceable indemnity clause, by-law or agreement.
5.  Partial Indemnification . If the Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of any expenses or liabilities of any type whatsoever incurred by him or her in the investigation, defense, resolution or appeal of a proceeding, but not entitled, however, to indemnification for all of the total amount hereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify the Indemnitee for such total amount except as to the portion hereof to which the Indemnitee is not entitled.
6.  Mandatory Advancement of Expenses . Subject to Section 9(a) below, the Company shall advance all expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with the investigation, defense, resolution or appeal of any proceeding to which the Indemnitee is a party or is threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was an agent of the Company. Indemnitee hereby undertakes to repay such amounts advanced only if, and to the extent that, it shall be determined ultimately that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized hereby. The advances to be made hereunder shall be paid by the Company to the Indemnitee within twenty (20) days following delivery of a written request therefor by the Indemnitee to the Company. In the event that the Company fails to pay expenses as incurred by the Indemnitee as required by this paragraph, Indemnitee may seek mandatory injunctive relief from any court having jurisdiction to require the Company to pay expenses as set forth in this paragraph. If Indemnitee seeks mandatory injunctive relief pursuant to this paragraph, it shall not be a defense to enforcement of the Company’s obligations set forth in this paragraph that Indemnitee has an adequate remedy at law for damages.

 

5


 

7. Notice and Other Indemnification Procedures .
(a)  Notice by Indemnitee . Promptly after receipt by the Indemnitee of notice of the commencement of or the threat of commencement of any proceeding, the Indemnitee shall, if the Indemnitee believes that indemnification with respect thereto may be sought from the Company under this Agreement, notify the Company of the commencement or threat of commencement thereof.
(b)  Notice by Company . If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of the commencement of a proceeding pursuant to Section 7(a) hereof, the Company has D&O Insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of the commencement of such proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such proceeding in accordance with the terms of such policies.
(c)  Defense . In the event the Company shall be obligated to pay the expenses of any proceeding against the Indemnitee, the Company, if appropriate, shall be entitled to assume the defense of such proceeding, with counsel reasonably acceptable to the Indemnitee, upon the delivery to the Indemnitee of written notice of its election so to do. After delivery of such notice, acceptance of such counsel by the Indemnitee and the retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company will not be liable to the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any fees of counsel subsequently incurred by the Indemnitee with respect to the same proceeding, provided that (i) the Indemnitee shall have the right to employ his or her counsel in any such proceeding at the Indemnitee’s expense; and (ii) if (A) the employment of counsel by the Indemnitee has been previously authorized by the Company, (B) the Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and the Indemnitee in the conduct of any such defense, or (C) the Company shall not, in fact, have employed counsel to assume the defense of such proceeding, then the fees and expenses of Indemnitee’s counsel shall be at the expense of the Company.
8. Determination of Right to Indemnification .
(a)  Successful Defense . To the extent the Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any proceeding (including, without limitation, an action by or in the right of the Company) to which the Indemnitee was a party by reason of the fact that he or she is or was an agent of the Company at any time, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee against all expenses of any type whatsoever actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the investigation, defense or appeal of such proceeding.

 

6


 

(b)  Other Situations . In the event that Section 8(a) is inapplicable, the Company shall also indemnify the Indemnitee unless, and except to the extent that, the Company shall prove by clear and convincing evidence in a forum listed in Section 8(c) below that the Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct required to entitle the Indemnitee to such indemnification.
(c)  Selection of Forum . The Indemnitee shall be entitled to select the forum in which the validity of the Company’s claim under Section 8(b) hereof that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification will be heard from among the following:
(i) A quorum of the Board consisting of directors who are not parties to the proceeding for which indemnification is being sought;
(ii) The stockholders of the Company;
(iii) If a majority vote of a quorum of the Board, consisting of directors who are not parties to the proceeding for which indemnification is being sought, so orders, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion; or
(iv) If a quorum of the Board, consisting of directors who are not parties to the proceeding for which indemnification is being sought, cannot be obtained, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
(d)  Submission to Forum . As soon as practicable, and in no event later than thirty (30) days after written notice of the Indemnitee’s choice of forum pursuant to Section 8(c) above, the Company shall, at its own expense, submit to the selected forum in such manner as the Indemnitee or the Indemnitee’s counsel may reasonably request, its claim that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification; and the Company shall act in the utmost good faith to assure the Indemnitee a complete opportunity to defend against such claim.
(e)  Expenses Related to this Agreement . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee against all expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with any hearing or proceeding under this Section 8 involving the Indemnitee and against all expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with any other proceeding between the Company and the Indemnitee involving the interpretation or enforcement of the rights of the Indemnitee under this Agreement unless a court of competent jurisdiction finds that each of the claims and/or defenses of the Indemnitee in any such proceeding was frivolous or made in bad faith.
9.  Exceptions . Any other provision herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement:
(a)  Claims Initiated by Indemnitee . To indemnify or advance expenses to the Indemnitee with respect to proceedings or claims initiated or brought voluntarily by the Indemnitee and not by way of defense, unless (i) such indemnification is expressly required to be made by law, (ii) the proceeding was authorized by the Board, (iii) such indemnification is provided by the Company, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under the Nevada Revised Statutes or (iv) the proceeding is brought to establish or enforce a right to indemnification under this Agreement or any other statute or law or otherwise as required under the Indemnification Sections;

 

7


 

(b)  Lack of Good Faith . To indemnify the Indemnitee for any expenses incurred by the Indemnitee with respect to any proceeding instituted by the Indemnitee to enforce or interpret this Agreement, if a court of competent jurisdiction determines that each of the material assertions made by the Indemnitee in such proceeding was not made in good faith or was frivolous; or
(c)  Unauthorized Settlements . To indemnify the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of a proceeding unless the Company consents to such settlement, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
10.  Non-exclusivity . The provisions for indemnification and advancement of expenses set forth in this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights which the Indemnitee may have under any provision of law, the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, the vote of the Company’s stockholders or disinterested directors, other agreements, or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and to action in another capacity while occupying his or her position as an agent of the Company, and the Indemnitee’s rights hereunder shall continue after the Indemnitee has ceased acting as an agent of the Company and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of the Indemnitee.
11.  Enforcement . Any right to indemnification or advances granted by this Agreement to Indemnitee shall be enforceable by or on behalf of Indemnitee in any court of competent jurisdiction if (i) the claim for indemnification or advances is denied, in whole or in part, or (ii) no disposition of such claim is made within ninety (90) days of request therefor. Indemnitee, in such enforcement action, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting his or her claim. It shall be a defense to any action for which a claim for indemnification is made under this Agreement (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses pursuant to Section 6 hereof, provided that the required undertaking has been tendered to the Company) that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification because of the limitations set forth in Sections 4 and 9 hereof. Neither the failure of the Company (including its Board of Directors or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such enforcement action that indemnification of Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances, nor an actual determination by the Company (including its Board of Directors or its stockholders) that such indemnification is improper, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement or otherwise.
12.  Subrogation . In the event the Company is obligated to make a payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery under an insurance policy or any other indemnity agreement covering the Indemnitee, who shall execute all documents required and shall do all acts that may be necessary to secure such rights and to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.

 

8


 

13. Survival of Rights .
(a) All agreements and obligations of the Company contained herein shall continue during the period Indemnitee is an agent of the Company and shall continue thereafter so long as Indemnitee shall be subject to any possible claim or threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, arbitrational, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that Indemnitee was serving in the capacity referred to herein.
(b) The Company shall require any successor to the Company (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.
14.  Interpretation of Agreement . It is understood that the parties hereto intend this Agreement to be interpreted and enforced so as to provide indemnification to the Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law including those circumstances in which indemnification would otherwise be discretionary.
15.  Severability . If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever, (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of the Agreement (including without limitation, all portions of any paragraphs of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (ii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, all portions of any paragraph of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable and to give effect to Section 14 hereof.
16.  Modification and Waiver . No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
17.  Notice . All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (i) if delivered by hand and receipted for by the party addressee or (ii) if mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the mailing date. Addresses for notice to either party are as shown on the signature page of this Agreement, or as subsequently modified by written notice.
18.  Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed exclusively by and construed according to the laws of the State of Nevada as applied to contracts entered into and to be performed entirely within Nevada.
[Signature Page Follows]

 

9


 

The parties hereto have entered into this Indemnity Agreement effective as of the date first above written.
         
    KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC., a Nevada corporation:
 
       
 
  By:    
 
       
 
       
 
  Title:    
 
       
 
       
 
  Address:   1140 Avenida Acaso
 
      Camarillo, CA 93012
 
       
    INDEMNITEE:
 
       
 
       
     
 
  Signature    
 
       
 
  Name:    
 
       
 
       
 
  Address:    
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       

 

10

 

Exhibit 14.1
KREIDO BIOFUELS. INC.
CODE OF ETHICS AND BUSINESS CONDUCT
Statement of General Policy
This Code of Ethics and Business Conduct (the “Code”) has been adopted to provide guiding principles to all officers and employees of KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) in the performance of their duties. It also applies in many respects to the directors of the Company. The Code should be read in conjunction with the Company’s other policies that govern employee conduct.
The basic principle which governs all of our officers, directors and employees (“Insiders”) is that the Company’s business should be carried on with loyalty to the interest of our shareholders, customers, suppliers, fellow employees, strategic partners and other business associates. In furtherance of the foregoing, no Insider shall: (a) employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud the Company or any Business Associate; (b) engage in any act, practice or course of conduct which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon the Company or any Business Associate.
The Company is committed to a high standard of business conduct. This means conducting business in accordance with the spirit and letter of applicable laws and regulations and in accordance with ethical business practices. This Code, which applies to all Insiders and their Family Members, helps in this endeavor by providing a statement of the fundamental principles that govern the conduct of the Company’s business. In addition, all Insiders and their Family Members are responsible for complying with all laws and regulations applicable to the Company.
1.  
Definition of Terms Used
  (a)  
“Business Associate” means any supplier of services or materials, customer, consultant, professional advisor, lessor of space or goods, tenant, licensor, licensee or partner of the Company.
 
  (b)  
“Company” includes Kreido Biofuels, Inc. and each of its subsidiaries and affiliated business entities.
 
  (c)  
“Insider” means any officer, director or employee of the Company.
 
  (d)  
“Family Members” means as to a specific Insider, his or her Immediate Family Members and any company, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other entity that is directly or indirectly controlled by that Insider or by any Immediate Family Member of that Insider.

 

1


 

  (e)  
“Immediate Family Member” includes the spouse (or life partner) and children of an Insider and any relative (by blood or marriage) of that Insider or spouse (or life partner) residing in the same household as such Insider.
 
  (f)  
“Compliance Officer” shall mean the Chief Accounting Officer or such other officer of the Company as shall be designated by the Board of Directors.
2.  
Transactions with the Business Associates
  (a)  
In adhering to the foregoing basic principles, our Insiders and their Family Members must not profit, directly or indirectly, due to their position in the Company to the detriment, or at the expense, of the Company or any Business Associate. No Insider shall take for his or her own advantage any corporate opportunity for profit, which he or she learns about in his or her position with the Company.
 
  (b)  
Insiders and their Family Members are encouraged to patronize our Business Associates. However, no Insider or Family Member shall sell to, or purchase from, a Business Associate any goods or services except in the ordinary course of the Business Associate’s business. No Insider or Family Member shall borrow money or other property from a person known by the Insider to be a Business Associate, unless that Business Associate is regularly engaged in the business of lending money or such other property, and the loan and the terms thereof are in the ordinary course of the Business Associate’s business.
 
  (c)  
No Insider shall make any payment or take any action to any government official, agent or representative of the United States, any State or jurisdiction of the United States or of any foreign country without the prior consent of the Compliance Officer. No Insider shall make any payment or take any action in violation of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
3.  
Non-Disclosure of Information
  (a)  
No Insider or Family Member shall discuss with, or inform others about, any actual or contemplated business transaction by a Business Associate or the Company except in the performance of the Insider’s employment duties or in an official capacity and then only for the benefit of the Business Associate or the Company, as appropriate, and in no event for personal gain or for the benefit of any other third party. Unless the Compliance Officer has announced that information regarding an actual business transaction has been publicly disclosed.
 
  (b)  
Except in connection with the carrying out of the business of the Company, no Insider or Family Member shall give any information to any third party about any business transaction of the Company or its Business Associates that are proposed or in process unless expressly authorized to do so by the Compliance Officer.

 

2


 

  (c)  
No Insider or Family Member other than the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer or investor relations or public relations advisor, if any, may discuss with any member of the press or media the Company or its Business Associates except with the prior authorization of the Compliance Officer. Insiders and Family Members shall refer all press inquiries to the Compliance Officer.
4.  
Preferential Treatment and Gifts
No Insider shall seek or accept for his or her self or for any Family Member any favors, preferential treatment, special benefits, special documents, gifts or other consideration as a result of such Insider’s association with a Business Associate or the Company, except those usual and normal benefits directly provided by a Business Associate or the Company. The foregoing, however, does not prohibit receipt of gifts of nominal value.
5.  
Conflicts of Interest
  (a)  
An Insider shall maintain a high degree of integrity in the conduct of the Company’s business and maintain independent judgment. Each Insider must avoid any activity or personal interest that creates, or appears to create, a conflict between his/her interests and the interests of the Company. A conflict of interest arises any time such a person has a duty or interest that may conflict with the proper and impartial fulfillment of such person’s duties, responsibilities or obligations to the Company. Conflicts of interest include, by way of example, a person:
   
making an investment that may affect his/her business decisions;
 
   
owning a meaningful financial interest in, or being employed by, or being a director of, an organization that competes with the Company;
 
   
owning a meaningful financial interest in, or being employed by, an organization that does, or seeks to do, business with the Company;
 
   
making a material decision on a matter where such person’s self-interests may reasonably call the appropriateness of the decision into question;
 
   
being employed by or accepting compensation from any other person as a result of business activity or prospective business activity affecting the Company.

 

3


 

  (b)  
An officer or employee that becomes aware of a personal interest which is, or may be viewed as, in conflict with that of the Company or a Business Associate should promptly present the situation and the nature of the possible conflict to the Compliance Officer for appropriate consideration. A director of the Company that becomes aware of a conflict of interest should bring the matter to the attention of the Board of Directors of the Company. The Insider shall refrain from further action until the situation has been consented to in writing by the Compliance Officer or Board of Directors, as the case may be.
 
  (c)  
No Insider or Family Member shall personally benefit, directly or indirectly from any Company purchase or sale, or derive any other personal gain from any other Company activity, except when the transaction has been fully disclosed to and approved in writing as provided in this Code.
 
  (d)  
No Insider or Family Member shall have any meaningful personal business or financial interest in any Business Associate or competitor of the Company, without proper consent. For these purposes, holding 5% or less of the shares of a Business Associate or competitor whose shares are publicly traded shall not be deemed “meaningful.”
 
  (e)  
No Insider shall hold any position with (including as a member of the board of directors or other governing body) or perform services for a Business Associate or a competitor of the Company, without proper consent.
 
  (f)  
No Insider shall provide any services to other business enterprises which reasonably could be deemed to adversely affect the proper performance of his or her work for the Company or which might jeopardize the interests of the Company, including serving as a director, officer, consultant or advisor of another business, without proper consent.
 
  (g)  
No Insider shall direct, or seek to direct, any Company business with any business enterprise in which the Insider or his or her Family Member has a meaningful ownership position or serves in a leadership capacity, without proper consent.
6.  
Inside Information
Securities laws and regulations prohibit the misuse of “inside” or “material non-public information” when purchasing, selling or recommending securities.
Inside information obtained by any Insider from any source must be kept strictly confidential. All inside information should be kept secure and access to files and computer files containing such information should be restricted. Insiders shall not use, act upon, or disclose to any third party including, without limitation, any Family Member, any material inside information, except as may be necessary for the Company’s legitimate business purposes to the extent approved, in advance, by the Compliance Officer. Questions and requests for assistance regarding inside information should be promptly directed to the Compliance Officer.

 

4


 

Information is generally considered “material” if (a) there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable investor would find the information important in determining whether to trade in a security, or (b) the information, if made public, would likely affect the market price of a company’s securities. Inside information typically includes, but is not limited to, knowledge of pending Company business transactions, corporate finance activity, mergers or acquisitions, unannounced earnings and financial results and other significant developments affecting the Company.
Insiders and Family Members are prohibited from insider trading (buying or selling securities when in possession of material, nonpublic information) or tipping (passing such information on to someone who may buy or sell securities).
This prohibition on insider trading applies to Company securities and also to the securities of Business Associates if such person learns material, nonpublic information about them as a result of his or her position with the Company.
Information is generally considered “nonpublic” unless it has been adequately disclosed to the public, which means that the information must be publicly disclosed and adequate time must have passed for the securities markets to absorb the information. A delay of two business days is usually considered a sufficient period for routine information to be absorbed by the market. A longer period may be necessary for particularly significant or complex matters.
If an Insider leaves the Company, he or she must maintain the confidentiality of all inside information until it has been adequately disclosed to the public. If there is any question as to whether information regarding the Company or any Business Associate is material or has been adequately disclosed to the public, the Compliance Officer must be contacted.
7.  
Personal Securities Transactions
It is in the best interest of the Company and its Business Associates that no Insider knowingly take advantage of a corporate opportunity for personal benefit or takes action inconsistent with such Insider’s obligations to the Business Associates. To that end, the Company has adopted its Securities Trading Policy a copy of which has been provided to each employee, officer and director and is incorporated herein by this reference. The Securities Trading Policy applies to all Insiders and their Family Members.
8.  
Guarding Corporate Assets
Insiders have a duty to safeguard Company assets, including its physical premises and equipment, records, customer information and Company patents, patent applications, trademarks, trade secrets and other intellectual property. Company assets shall be used for Company business only. Without specific authorization, no Insider or Family Member may take, loan, sell, damage or dispose of Company property or use, or allow others to use, Company property for any non-Company purposes.

 

5


 

9.  
Corporate Books and Records
  (a)  
Insiders must ensure that all Company documents are completed accurately, truthfully, in a timely manner and properly authorized.
 
  (b)  
Financial activities and events must be recorded in compliance with all applicable laws and accounting practices and in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles designated by the Company. The making of false or misleading entries, records or documentation is strictly prohibited.
 
  (c)  
Insiders may never create a false or misleading report under the Company’s name. In addition, no payments or established accounts shall be used for any purpose other than as described by their supporting documentation. No undisclosed funds or assets may be established.
 
  (d)  
No Insider may take any action to defraud, influence, coerce, manipulate or mislead any other employee, officer or director, or any outside auditor or lawyer for the Company for the purpose of rendering the books, records or financial statements of the Company incorrect or misleading.
 
  (e)  
Errors, or possible errors or misstatements in the Company’s books and records must be brought to the attention of the Compliance Officer promptly upon discovery thereof. The Compliance Officer shall promptly inform the Chief Financial Officer of any such error or misstatement.
 
  (f)  
All employees and officers are expected to cooperate fully with the Company’s internal auditors and outside auditors. No employee or officer shall impede or interfere with the financial statement audit process.
10.  
Document Retention
  (a)  
The Company seeks to comply fully with all laws and regulations relating to the retention and preservation of records. All Insiders shall comply fully with the Company’s policies regarding the retention and preservation of records. Under no circumstances may Company records be destroyed selectively or maintained outside Company premises or designated storage facilities.
 
  (b)  
If the existence of a subpoena or impending government investigation becomes known to an Insider, he or she must immediately contact the Compliance Officer. Insiders must retain all records and documents that may be responsive to a subpoena or pertain to an investigation. Any questions regarding whether a record or document pertains to an investigation or may be responsive to a subpoena should be directed to the Compliance Officer before the record or document is disposed of. Insiders shall strictly adhere to the directions of the Compliance Officer in handling such records or documents.

 

6


 

11.  
Compliance with Internal Controls and Disclosure Controls
  (a)  
The Company has adopted a system of internal controls that must be adhered to by all Insiders in providing financial and business transaction information to and within the Company. The internal controls are the backbone of the integrity of the Company’s financial records and financial statements.
 
     
Each Insider shall promptly report to the Compliance Officer any actual or suspected breaches or violations of the Company’s internal controls that come to the attention of the Insider.
 
     
Each Insider shall promptly report to the Compliance Officer or to the Chairperson of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors any actual or suspect fraudulent or questionable transactions or occurrences that come to the attention of the Insider. Potentially fraudulent transactions include, without limitation, embezzlement, forgery or alteration of checks and other documents, theft, misappropriation or conversion to personal use of Company assets, and falsification of records.
 
     
Each Insider is encouraged to bring to the attention of the Compliance Officer any changes that the Insider believes may improve the Company’s system of internal controls.
 
  (b)  
The Company has adopted a system of disclosure controls to assure that all important information regarding the business and prospects of the Company is brought to the attention of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company. The accuracy and timeliness of compliance with those disclosure controls is critical to this system of disclosure controls is critical to enabling those officers to provide the financial statement and periodic report certifications required by Federal law.
 
     
Each Insider shall adhere to the system of disclosure controls, including the internal reporting responsibilities assigned to him or her by the Company.
 
     
Each Insider shall promptly report in accordance with Company policy any significant event or occurrence (whether positive or negative) that arises in the course of the Insider’s duties and responsibilities. Events or occurrences include those that affect or may affect the Company or its Business Associates, competitors or industry. General economic conditions need not be reported.
 
  (c)  
Each Insider shall be candid in discussing matters concerning internal controls and business disclosures with the Company’s management, internal auditors, outside auditors, outside counsel and directors. Factual information is important. Opinions and observations are strongly encouraged.

 

7


 

12.  
Implementation of the Code
While each Insider is individually responsible for compliance with the Code, he or she does not do so in a vacuum. The Company has the resources, people and processes in place to answer questions and guide Insiders through difficult decisions.
  (a)  
Compliance Officer Responsibility . The Chief Accounting Officer, reporting directly to the Company’s CEO and the Audit Committee, has been designated the “Compliance Officer.” The Compliance Officer is responsible for overseeing, interpreting and monitoring compliance with the Code. The Compliance Officer reports periodically to the Company’s CEO and Audit Committee regarding all aspects of administering and enforcing of the Code.
 
  (b)  
Reporting Violations . If an Insider knows of or suspects a violation of applicable law or regulations, this Code or any of the Company’s other policies, he or she must immediately report that information to the Compliance Officer or to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. No Insider who reports an actual or suspected violation in good faith will be subject to retaliation.
 
  (c)  
Investigations of Violations . Reported violations will be promptly investigated and treated confidentially to the extent possible. It is imperative that the person reporting the violation not conduct a preliminary investigation of his or her own. Investigations of alleged violations may involve complex legal issues. Persons who act on their own may compromise the integrity of an investigation and adversely affect both themselves and the Company.
Enforcement
The Compliance Officer will take such action he or she deems appropriate with respect to any Insider who violates, or whose Family Member violates, any provision of this Code, and will inform the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors of all material violations. Any alleged violation by the Compliance Officer will be presented promptly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors for its consideration and such action as the committee, in its sole judgment, shall deem warranted.
The Compliance Officer will keep records of all reports created under this Code and of all action taken under this Code. All such records will be maintained in such manner and for such periods as are required under applicable Federal and state law.

 

8


 

Condition of Employment or Service
All Insiders shall conduct themselves at all times in the best interests of the Company. Compliance with this Code shall be a condition of employment and of continued employment with the Company, and conduct not in accordance with this Code shall constitute grounds for disciplinary action, including termination of employment.
This Code is not an employment contract nor is it intended to be an all exclusive policy statement on the part of the Company. The Company reserves the right to provide the final interpretation of the policies it contains and to revise those policies as deemed necessary or appropriate.
**********

 

9


 

I acknowledge that I have read this Code of Ethics and Business Conduct (a copy of which has been supplied to me and which I will retain for future reference) and agree to comply in all respects with the terms and provisions hereof. I also acknowledge that this Code of Ethics and Business Conduct may be modified or supplemented from time to time, and I agree to comply with those modifications and supplements, as well.
         
 
       
 
     
 
 
      Print Name
 
       
 
       
 
     
 
 
      Signature
 
       
Date:
       
 
 
 
   

 

10

 

Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Kreido Biofuels, Inc.
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form SB-2 of KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC. (File No. 333-140718) of our report on Kreido Laboratories, wholly owned subsidiary of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. dated March 30, 2007, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB of KREIDO BIOFUELS, INC. for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. Our report contains an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
/s/ Vasquez & Company LLP
 
Los Angeles, California
April 2, 2007

 

 

EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
I, Joel A. Balbien, certify that:
1 I have reviewed this Form 10-KSB of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.;
2 Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3 Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the small business issuer as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4 The small business issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the small business issuer and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the small business issuer, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the small business issuer’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the small business issuer’s most recent fiscal quarter (the small business issuer’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5 The small business issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the small business issuer’s auditors and the audit committee of the small business issuer’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the small business issuer’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: April 3, 2007
     
    /s/ Joel A. Balbien
     
    Joel A. Balbien
Chief Executive Officer
(authorized officer of registrant)

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
I, Philip Lichtenberger, certify that:
1 I have reviewed this Form 10-KSB of Kreido Biofuels, Inc.;
2 Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3 Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the small business issuer as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4 The small business issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the small business issuer and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the small business issuer, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the small business issuer’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the small business issuer’s most recent fiscal quarter (the small business issuer’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5 The small business issuer’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the small business issuer’s auditors and the audit committee of the small business issuer’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the small business issuer’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: April 3, 2007
     
    /s/ Philip Lichtenberger
     
    Philip Lichtenberger
    Chief Financial Officer
    (principal accounting officer)

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the annual report of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 3, 2007 (the “Report”), I, Joel A. Balbien, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
         
     
  By:   /s/ Joel A. Balbien    
    Joel A. Balbien    
    Chairman of the Board, President and
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
April 3, 2007

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the annual report of Kreido Biofuels, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 3, 2007 (the “Report”), I, Philip Lichtenberger, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
         
     
  By:   /s/ Philip Lichtenberger    
    Philip Lichtenberger    
    Chief Financial Officer    
 
April 3, 2007