Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

General

The following discussion and analysis provides information that we believe to be relevant to an assessment and understanding of our results of operations and financial condition for the periods described. This discussion should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to the financial statements, which are included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This information should also be read in conjunction with the information contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission or the SEC, on February 26, 2016, or the Annual Report, including the audited financial statements and notes included therein. The reported results will not necessarily reflect future results of operations or financial condition.

In addition, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements relating to our objectives, plans and strategies as well as statements, other than historical facts, that address activities, events or developments that we intend, expect, project, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future. These statements are often characterized by terminology such as “believes,” “hopes,” “may,” “anticipates,” “should,” “intends,” “plans,” “will,” “expects,” “estimates,” “projects,” “positioned,” “strategy” and similar expressions and are based on assumptions and assessments made in light of management’s experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors believed to be appropriate. Forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and we undertake no duty to update or revise any such statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control. Important factors that could cause actual results, developments and business decisions to differ materially from forward-looking statements are described in the sections titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report, and include the following: our ability to maintain or increase sales of our products; our ability to develop and commercialize our hormone therapy drug candidates and obtain additional financing necessary therefor; the length, cost and uncertain results of our clinical trials; the potential of adverse side effects or other safety risks that could preclude the approval of our hormone therapy drug candidates; our reliance on third parties to conduct our clinical trials, research and development and manufacturing; the availability of reimbursement from government authorities and health insurance companies for our products; the impact of product liability lawsuits; and the influence of extensive and costly government regulation.

Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “TherapeuticsMD,” or “our company” refer to TherapeuticsMD, Inc., a Nevada corporation, and unless specified otherwise, include our wholly owned subsidiaries, vitaMedMD, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or VitaMed; BocaGreenMD, Inc., a Nevada corporation, or BocaGreen; and VitaCare Prescription Services, Inc., a Florida corporation, or VitaCare.

Overview

We are a women’s health care company focused on creating and commercializing products targeted exclusively for women. Currently, we are focused on conducting the clinical trials necessary for regulatory approval and commercialization of advanced hormone therapy pharmaceutical products. The current drug candidates used in our clinical trials are designed to alleviate the symptoms of and reduce the health risks resulting from menopause-related hormone deficiencies, including hot flashes, osteoporosis and vaginal discomfort. We are developing these hormone therapy drug candidates, which contain estradiol and progesterone alone or in combination, with the aim of demonstrating clinical efficacy at lower doses, thereby enabling an enhanced side effect profile compared with competing products. Our drug candidates are created using our SYMBODA ^TM hormone technology, which enables the administration of hormones with high bioavailability alone or in combination. In addition, we manufacture and distribute branded and generic prescription prenatal vitamins, as well as over-the-counter, or OTC, vitamins.

Our common stock, par value $0.001 per share, or Common Stock, is traded on the NYSE MKT under the symbol “TXMD”. We maintain websites at www.therapeuticsmd.com , www.vitamedmd.com , www.vitamedmdrx.com , and www.bocagreenmd.com . The information contained on our websites or that can be accessed through our websites does not constitute part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Research and Development

We have obtained the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, acceptance of our Investigational New Drug, or IND, applications to conduct clinical trials for four of our hormone therapy drug candidates: TX-001HR, our oral combination of progesterone and estradiol; TX-002HR, our oral progesterone alone; TX-003HR, our oral estradiol alone; and TX-004HR, our applicator-free vaginal estradiol softgel with estradiol alone.

In December 2015, we completed a Phase 3 clinical trial of TX-004HR and we are currently conducting a Phase 3 clinical trial for TX-001HR. In July 2014, we temporarily suspended enrollment in the Phase 3 clinical trial for TX-002HR and, in October 2014, we temporarily stopped the trial in order to update the Phase 3 protocol based on discussions with the FDA. We have no current plans to conduct clinical trials for TX-003HR.

TX-001HR, our combination estradiol and progesterone drug candidate, is undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms due to menopause, including hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, and vaginal discomfort for post-menopausal women with an intact uterus. The hormone therapy drug candidate is chemically identical to the hormones that naturally occur in a woman’s body, namely estradiol and progesterone, and is being studied as a continuous-combined regimen, in which the combination of estrogen and progesterone are taken together in one product daily. If approved by the FDA, we believe this would represent the first time a combination product of estradiol and progesterone bioidentical to – or having the same chemical and molecular structure as – the estradiol and progesterone produced by the ovaries would be approved for use in a single combined product.

On September 5, 2013, we began enrollment in the REPLENISH Trial, a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 study of TX-001HR in postmenopausal women with an intact uterus. The study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of TX-001HR for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms due to menopause and the endometrial safety of TX-001HR. Patients are assigned to one of five arms, four active and one placebo, and receive study medication for 12 months. The primary endpoint for the reduction of endometrial hyperplasia is an incidence of endometrial hyperplasia of less than 1% at 12 months, as determined by endometrial biopsy. The primary endpoint for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms is the mean change of frequency and severity of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms at weeks four and 12 compared to placebo, as measured by the number and severity of hot flushes. Only subjects experiencing a minimum daily frequency of seven moderate to severe hot flushes at screening are included in the vasomotor symptoms analysis, while all subjects are included in the endometrial hyperplasia analysis. The secondary endpoints include reduction in sleep disturbances and improvement in quality of life measures, night sweats and vaginal dryness, measured at 12 weeks, six months and 12 months. The trial is designed to enroll approximately 1,750 patients at approximately 100 sites. We completed enrollment in the REPLENISH Trial in October 2015 and we currently anticipate that results of the trial will be reported late in the fourth quarter of 2016. Based on such timeline and assuming a successful trial, we would anticipate filing a New Drug Application, or NDA, for TX-001HR as soon as the first half of 2017 and assuming an FDA review period of ten months from the receipt date to the Prescription Drug User Fee Act, or PDUFA, date for a non-new molecular entity, the NDA for TX-001HR could be approved by the FDA as soon as the fourth quarter of 2017 or the first quarter of 2018. As of May 3, 2016, approximately 1,500 patients have exited the REPLENISH Trial and the incidence of endomentrial hyperplasia for these patients is less than 1%.

TX-002HR is a natural progesterone formulation for the treatment of secondary amenorrhea without the potentially allergenic component of peanut oil. The hormone therapy drug candidate is bioidentical to – or having the same chemical and molecular structure as – the hormones that naturally occur in a woman’s body. We believe it will be similarly effective to traditional treatments, but may demonstrate efficacy at lower dosages. In January 2014, we began recruitment of patients in the SPRY Trial, a phase 3 clinical trial designed to measure the safety and effectiveness of TX-002HR in the treatment of secondary amenorrhea. During the first two quarters of 2014, the SPRY Trial encountered enrollment challenges because of Institutional Review Board approved clinical trial protocols and FDA inclusion and exclusion criteria. In July 2014, we temporarily suspended enrollment and in October 2014 we temporarily stopped the SPRY Trial in order to update the phase 3 protocol based on discussions with the FDA. We are considering updating the phase 3 protocol to, among other things, target only those women with secondary amenorrhea due to polycystic ovarian syndrome and to amend the primary endpoint of the trial. We believe that the updated phase 3 protocol, if proposed by us and approved by the FDA, would allow us to mitigate the enrollment challenges in, and shorten the duration of, the SPRY Trial. However, there can be no assurance that the FDA will approve the updated phase 3 protocol if we propose it.

TX-004HR is a vaginal estradiol softgel drug candidate for the treatment of vulvar and vaginal atrophy, or VVA, in post-menopausal women with vaginal linings that do not receive enough estrogen. We believe that our drug candidate will be at least as effective as the traditional treatments for VVA because of an early onset of action with less systemic exposure, inferring a greater probability of dose administration to the target tissue, and it will have an added advantage of being a simple, easier to use dosage form versus traditional VVA treatments. TX-004HR features our SYMBODA ^TM technology, which enables partial and complete solubilization of estradiol into medium-chain fatty acid oils often derived from coconut oil. This allows for the production of cohesive, stable formulations and provides content uniformity and accuracy of dosing strengths for TX-004HR. We initiated the REJOICE Trial, a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 clinical trial during the third quarter of 2014 to assess the safety and efficacy of three doses – 25 mcg, 10 mcg and 4 mcg (compared to placebo) – of TX-004HR for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia, or painful intercourse, as a symptom of VVA due to menopause.

On December 7, 2015, we announced positive top-line results from the REJOICE Trial. The pre-specified four co-primary efficacy endpoints were the changes from baseline to week 12 versus placebo in the percentage of vaginal superficial cells, percentage of vaginal parabasal cells, vaginal pH and severity of participants’ self-reported moderate to severe dyspareunia as the most bothersome symptom of VVA. The trial enrolled 764 postmenopausal women (40 to 75 years old) experiencing moderate to severe dyspareunia at approximately 89 sites across the United States and Canada. Trial participants were randomized to receive either TX-004HR at 25 mcg (n=190), 10 mcg (n=191), or 4 mcg (n=191) doses or placebo (n=192) for a total of 12 weeks, all administered once daily for two weeks and then twice weekly (approximately three to four days apart) for ten weeks.

The 25 mcg dose of TX-004HR demonstrated highly statistically significant results at the p < 0.0001 level compared to placebo across all four co-primary endpoints. The 10 mcg dose of TX-004HR demonstrated highly statistically significant results at the p < 0.0001 level compared to placebo across all four co-primary endpoints. The 4 mcg dose of TX-004HR also demonstrated highly statistically significant results at the p < 0.0001 level compared to placebo for the endpoints of vaginal superficial cells, vaginal parabasal cells, and vaginal pH; the change from baseline compared to placebo in the severity of dyspareunia was statistically significant at the p = 0.0149 level. The FDA has previously indicated to us that in order to approve the drug based on a single trial, the trial would need to show statistical significance at the 0.01 level or lower for each endpoint, and that a trial that is merely statistically significant at a higher level may not provide sufficient evidence to support an NDA filing or approval of a drug candidate where the NDA relies on a single clinical trial. Statistical improvement over placebo was also observed for all three doses at the first assessment at week two and sustained through week 12. Vaginal dryness was a prespecified key secondary endpoint. The 25 mcg and 10 mcg doses of TX-004HR demonstrated highly statistically significant results at the p < 0.0001 level compared to placebo for the endpoint of vaginal dryness. The 4 mcg dose of TX-004HR demonstrated statistically significant results at the p = 0.0014 level compared to placebo. The pharmacokinetic data for all three doses demonstrated negligible to very low systemic absorption of 17 beta estradiol, estrone and estrone conjugated, supporting the previous Phase 1 trial data. TX-004HR was well tolerated, and there were no clinically significant differences compared to placebo-treated participants with respect to adverse events. There were no drug-related serious adverse events reported.

We currently intend to submit an NDA for the 25 mcg, 10 mcg and 4 mcg doses of TX-004HR to the FDA by the end of June 2016 and that such NDA could be approved by the FDA as soon as the first quarter of 2017, assuming an FDA review period of ten months from the receipt date to the PDUFA date for a non-new molecular entity. If approved, the 4 mcg formulation would represent a lower effective dose than the currently available VVA therapies approved by the FDA. We recently received conditional approval for the brand name Yuvvexy related to TX-004HR.

As of March 31, 2016, we had 16 issued patents, which included 12 utility patents that relate to our combination progesterone and estradiol formulations, two utility patents that relate to TX-004HR, which establish an important intellectual property foundation for TX-004HR, one utility patent that relates to a pipeline transdermal patch technology, and one utility patent that relates to our OPERA ^® information technology platform.

Subsequent to March 31, 2016, one additional patent was issued relating to our progesterone and estradiol product candidates.

Research and Development Expenses

A significant portion of our operating expenses to date have been incurred in research and development activities. Research and development expenses relate primarily to the discovery and development of our drug products. Our business model is dependent upon our company continuing to conduct a significant amount of research and development. Until one of our drug products receives IND approval from the FDA, products costs are listed as Other Research and Development costs in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Our research and development expenses consist primarily of expenses incurred under agreements with contract research organizations, or CROs, investigative sites and consultants that conduct our clinical trials and a substantial portion of our preclinical studies; employee-related expenses, which include salaries and benefits, and non-cash share-based compensation; the cost of developing our chemistry, manufacturing and controls capabilities, and acquiring clinical trial materials; and costs associated with other research activities and regulatory approvals.

We make payments to the CROs based on agreed upon terms that may include payments in advance of a study starting date. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. Advance payments to be expensed in future research and development activities are capitalized, and were $1,005,503 at March 31, 2016, of which $941,054 was included in other current assets and $64,449 was included in long-term prepaid expense on our consolidated balance sheet. Advance payments to be expensed in future research and development activities were $1,138,073 at December 31, 2015, of which $1,009,175 was included in other current assets and $128,898 was included in long term prepaid expense on our consolidated balance sheet.

The following table indicates our research and development expense by project/category for the periods indicated (in 000s):

Research and development expenditures will continue to be significant as we continue development of our drug candidates and advance the development of our proprietary pipeline of novel drug candidates. We expect to incur significant research and development costs as we develop our drug pipeline, complete the ongoing clinical trials of our drug candidates, conduct our planned phase 3 clinical trials, subject to receiving input from regulatory authorities, and prepare regulatory submissions.

The costs of clinical trials may vary significantly over the life of a project owing to factors that include but are not limited to the following: per patient trial costs, the number of patients that participate in the trials; the number of sites included in the trials; the length of time each patient is enrolled in the trial; the number of doses that patients receive; the drop-out or discontinuation rates of patients; the amount of time required to recruit patients for the trial, the duration of patient follow-up; and the efficacy and safety profile of the drug candidate. We base our estimated expenses related to clinical trials on estimates that are based on our experience and estimates from CROs and other third parties.

Revenues and Cost of Goods Sold

Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2016 increased approximately $455,000, or 10%, to approximately $4,930,000, compared with approximately $4,475,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Of this $455,000 increase, approximately 84% was attributable to an increase in the number of units sold and approximately 16% was attributable to product mix and an increase in the average net sales price of our products, partially offset by the impact of changes in insurance plans. Cost of goods sold increased approximately $64,000, or 6%, to approximately $1,108,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with approximately $1,044,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Cost of goods sold as a percentage of revenue was approximately 22% and 23% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which was primarily attributable to a favorable change in product mix.

Operating expenses increased by approximately $441,000, or 2%, to approximately $24,795,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016, from approximately $24,354,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 as a result of the following items:

Research and development costs for the three months ended March 31, 2016 decreased by approximately $3,080,000, or 17%, to approximately $15,097,000, compared with $18,177,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Research and development costs include costs related to clinical trials as well as salaries, wages, non-cash compensation and benefits of personnel involved in research and development activities. Research and development costs decreased as a result of the completion of patient enrollment in the REPLENISH Trial for TX-001HR, our combination estradiol and progesterone drug candidate. Research and developments costs during the three months ended March 31, 2016 included the following research and development projects.

During the three months ending March 31, 2016 and the period from February 2013 (project inception) through March 31, 2016, we have incurred approximately $9,026,000 and $73,185,000, respectively, in research and development costs with respect to TX-001HR, our combination estradiol and progesterone drug candidate.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and the period April 2013 (project inception) through March 31, 2016, we have incurred approximately $0 and $2,525,000, respectively, in research and development costs with respect to TX-002HR, our progesterone only drug candidate.

During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and the period from August 2014 (project inception) through March 31, 2016, we have incurred approximately $2,437,000 and $25,995,000, respectively, in research and development costs with respect to TX-004HR, our applicator-free vaginal estradiol softgel drug candidate.

For a discussion of the nature of efforts and steps necessary to complete these projects, see “Item 1. Business — Research and Development.” For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties associated with completing development of our products, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Business” in our Annual Report. For a discussion of the extent and nature of additional resources that we may need to obtain if our current liquidity is not expected to be sufficient to complete these projects, see “— Liquidity and Capital Resources.” For a discussion as to whether a future milestone such as completion of a development phase, date of filing an NDA with a regulatory agency or approval from a regulatory agency can be reliably determined, see “Item 1. Business — Our Hormone Therapy Drug Candidates,” “Item 1. Business — Products in Development” and “Item 1. Business — Pharmaceutical Regulation” in our Annual Report. Future milestones, including NDA submission dates, are not easily determinable as such milestones are dependent on various factors related to our clinical trials, including the timing of ongoing patient recruitment efforts to find eligible subjects for the applicable trials.

Human resource costs, including salaries, benefits and taxes, for the three months ended March 31, 2016 increased by approximately $2,448,000, or 87%, to approximately $5,270,000, compared with approximately $2,822,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily as a result of an increase of approximately $260,000 in personnel costs and approximately $2,188,000 in non-cash compensation related to stock option awards.

Other operating expense for the three months ended March 31, 2016 increased by approximately $514,000, or 52%, to approximately $1,509,000, compared with approximately $995,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily as a result of increased investor relations expenses and allowance for bad debt.

Sales and marketing costs for the three months ended March 31, 2016 increased by approximately $184,000, or 13%, to approximately $1,618,000, compared with approximately $1,434,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily as a result of increased incentive expense and travel and related expenses associated with sales and marketing efforts.

Professional fees for the three months ended March 31, 2016 increased by approximately $375,000, or 41%, to approximately $1,300,000, compared with approximately $925,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily as a result of increased legal fees.

Operating Loss

As a result of the foregoing, our operating loss increased approximately $50,000 to approximately $20,973,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with approximately $20,923,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015, primarily as a result increased stock-based compensation expense and professional fees partially offset by decreased research and development costs and increased revenue from sales of our prenatal vitamin products.

As a result of the continued development of our hormone therapy drug candidates, we anticipate that we will continue to have operating losses for the near future until our hormone therapy drug candidates are approved by the FDA and brought to market, although there is no assurance that we will attain such approvals or that any marketing of our hormone therapy drug candidates, if approved, will be successful.

Other income

Other non-operating income increased by approximately $16,000 or 57%, to approximately $44,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared with approximately $28,000 for the comparable period in 2015, primarily as a result of increased interest income.

Net Loss

As a result of the net effects of the foregoing, net loss increased approximately $34,000 to approximately $20,929,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with approximately $20,895,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015. Net loss per share of Common Stock, basic and diluted, was ($0.11) for the three months ended March 31, 2016, compared with ($0.13) per share of Common Stock for the three months ended March 31, 2015.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have funded our operations primarily through public offerings of our Common Stock and private placements of equity and debt securities. For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015, we received approximately $134.9 million and $91.4 million in net proceeds, respectively, from the issuance of shares of our Common Stock. As of March 31, 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents totaling approximately $182.1 million, however, changing circumstances may cause us to consume funds significantly faster than we currently anticipate, and we may need to spend more money than currently expected because of circumstances beyond our control.

On January 6, 2016, we entered into an underwriting agreement with Goldman, Sachs & Co and Cowen and Company, LLC, as the representatives of the several underwriters, or the Underwriters, relating to an underwritten public offering of 15,151,515 shares of our Common Stock at a public offering price of $8.25 per share. Under the terms of the underwriting agreement, we granted the Underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,272,727 additional shares of Common Stock, which option was exercised in full. The net proceeds to us from the offering were approximately $134.9 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other estimated offering expenses payable by us. The offering closed on January 12, 2016.

On July 9, 2015, we entered into an underwriting agreement with Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated and Guggenheim Securities, LLC, as the representatives of the several underwriters, or the Stifel Underwriters, relating to an underwritten public offering of 3,846,154 shares of Common Stock at a public offering price of $7.80 per share. Under the terms of the underwriting agreement, we granted the Stifel Underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an aggregate of 576,923 additional shares of Common Stock, which option was exercised in full. The net proceeds to us from the offering were approximately $32.2 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other estimated offering expenses payable by us. The offering closed on July 15, 2015 and we issued 4,423,077 shares of our Common Stock.

On February 10, 2015, we entered into an underwriting agreement, or the Cowen Agreement, with Cowen and Company, LLC, as the representative of the several underwriters, or the Cowen Underwriters, relating to an underwritten public offering of 13,580,246 shares of our Common Stock, at a public offering price of $4.05 per share. Under the terms of the Cowen Agreement, we granted the Cowen Underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,037,036 additional shares of Common Stock, which option was exercised in full. The net proceeds to us from the offering were approximately $59.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other estimated offering expenses payable by us. The offering closed on February 17, 2015.

We believe that our existing cash will allow us to fund our operating plan through at least the next 12 months. If our available cash is insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, or declaring dividends. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interests of our existing shareholders will be diluted, and the terms of these new securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our existing shareholders. If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances, or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs, or proposed products. Additionally, we may have to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us.

We need substantial amounts of cash to complete the clinical development of our hormone therapy drug candidates. The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash for each of the periods set forth below:

Operating Activities

The use of cash in both periods resulted primarily from our net loss adjusted for non-cash charges and changes in components of working capital. The increase of approximately $254,000 in cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared with the comparable period in the prior year was due primarily to research and development, and sales, general, and administrative costs. These were partially offset by an increase of approximately $455,000 in revenue over the same periods.

Investing Activities

An increase in spending on patent and trademarks and fixed assets resulted in an increase in cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 compared with the same period in 2015.

Financing Activities

Financing activities represent the principal source of our cash flow. Our financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2016 consisted of the proceeds from the January 2016 underwritten public offering of our Common Stock and stock option and warrant exercises.

Contractual Obligations

On April 26, 2016, we entered into an agreement to lease additional administrative office space in Boca Raton, Florida, pursuant to an addendum to our existing 63 month non-cancelable operating lease. This addendum was effective beginning May 1, 2016 and extended the expiration of the original lease term to October 31, 2021.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This guidance simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions for both public and nonpublic entities, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any annual or interim period for which financial statements have not been issued or made available for issuance, but all of the guidance must be adopted in the same period. If an entity early adopts the guidance in an interim period, any adjustments must be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This guidance requires lessees to record most leases on their balance sheets but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The guidance also eliminates current real estate-specific provisions for all entities. For lessors, the guidance modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. The standard is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330), simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. This guidance requires entities to measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value rather than at the lower of cost or market (LOCOM). The guidance applies only to inventories for which cost is determined by methods other than last-in first-out (LIFO) or the retail inventory method (RIM). Entities that use LIFO or RIM will continue to use existing impairment models. The new guidance does not change the calculation of net realizable value that entities are required to calculate when applying existing LOCOM guidance. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Under the new guidance, however, entities will no longer need to calculate other measures of “market.” The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance, if any, on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. ASU 2014-15 requires management to evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued when applicable) and, if so, disclose that fact. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted for annual or interim reporting periods for which the financial statements have not previously been issued. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2014-15 to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In May 2014, the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The standard’s core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In doing so, companies will need to use more judgment and make more estimates than under previous guidance. These may include identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligations. In July 2015, the FASB approved the proposal to defer the effective date of ASU 2014-09 standard by one year. Early adoption is permitted after December 15, 2016, and the standard is effective for public entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods therein. In 2016, the FASB issued final amendments to clarify the implementation guidance for principal versus agent considerations (ASU 2016-08) as well as accounting for licenses of intellectual property and identifying performance obligations in its new revenue standard (ASU 2016-10). We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

We do not believe there would have been a material effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements had any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards been adopted in the current period.