As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2020

Securities Act Registration No. 333-234544

Investment Company Act Registration No. 811-23439

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

 

FORM N-1A

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
       
Pre-Effective Amendment No. __1__
Post-Effective Amendment No._______
and/or
       
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
       
Amendment No. 1

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

Karen Shupe
Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc.
8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205
Richmond, Virginia 23235
(804) 267-7400

(Address and Telephone Number of Principal Executive Offices)

 

 The Corporation Trust Co.

Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange St., Wilmington, DE 19801

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

 

With Copy to:

John H. Lively

 Practus, LLP

11300 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 310

Leawood, KS 66211 

 

Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering:   As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

Title of Securities being Registered: Shares of Beneficial Interest.

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[INSERT LOGO]

 

American Conservative Values ETF (ACVF)

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF (ACVS)

 

series portfolios of

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

PROSPECTUS

June xx, 2020

 

This prospectus describes the American Conservative Values ETF and the American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF. The American Conservative Values ETF and the American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF are each authorized to offer one class of shares by this prospectus. 

 

* The Funds have not commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus.

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The Funds may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion

 

IMPORTANT NOTE: Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, paper copies of the Funds’ shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the Funds or from your financial intermediary, such as a broker-dealer or bank. Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report.

 

If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. You may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications from the Funds or your financial intermediary electronically by calling or sending an email request.  You may elect to receive all future reports in paper free of charge. You can inform the Funds or your financial intermediary that you wish to continue receiving paper copies of your shareholder reports by calling or sending an email request. Your election to receive reports in paper will apply to all Funds held with the Fund complex/your financial intermediary.

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Fund Summary

 

American Conservative Values ETF

1

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

8

Additional Information About the Funds’ Investments

15

Additional Information About Risk

16

Management

20

How to Buy Shares

23

Frequent Purchases and Redemptions

24

Dividends, Other Distributions and Taxes

24

Financial Highlights

28

For More Information

29

 

 

 

 

FUND SUMMARY – American Conservative Values ETF

 

Investment Objective

 

The American Conservative Values ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation with capital preservation as a secondary objective.

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. Investors purchasing shares on a national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where shares may trade from time to time (each, a “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker that are not reflected in the table set forth below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses

(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

 

Management Fee(1)

  0.75%

 

Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees

None

 

Other Expenses

  None

 

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

  0.75%

 

(1)

Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser, at its own expense and without reimbursement from the Trust, pays all of the expenses of the Fund, excluding the advisory fees, distribution fees or expenses under a 12b-1 plan (if any), interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and any other portfolio transaction related expenses and fees arising out of transactions effected on behalf of the Fund, credit facility fees and expenses, including interest expenses, and litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business.

 

Example

 

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds.  The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Name of Fund

1 Year

3 Years

American Conservative Values ETF

$77

$417

 

1

 

 

Portfolio Turnover

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of any in kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s Shares. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not have any portfolio information available.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

Under normal circumstances, the Fund seeks to meet its investment objective by primarily investing its net assets, plus borrowings for investment purposes, if any, in equity securities of U.S. companies with large market capitalizations.

 

Large capitalization companies are those companies with market capitalizations similar to companies in the Russell 1000 Index or S&P 500 Index (the “Large Cap Indexes”). The size of the companies in the Large Cap Indexes changes with market conditions and the composition of the Indexes. Ridgeline Research LLC (the “Adviser”) generally defines large cap as greater than $4.0 Billion.

 

The Fund’s strategy reflects the Adviser’s conviction that politically active companies negatively impact their shareholders’ value by miss-allocation the company’s resources as well as supporting issues and causes which are opposed to conservative political, social and economic beliefs and values. Such companies constitute poor long-term investment opportunities.

 

The Fund is actively managed and seeks to avoid ownership of companies which the Adviser determines disproportionately support liberal causes, charities, advocacy groups, campaigns, candidates, PACs and think tanks. Such support could be financial, as part of corporate governance, marketing, business strategy or public activism and advocacy by the company and or its senior management.

 

Given the qualitative and quantitative analysis required to determine a company’s alignment with conservative values, the Adviser has considerable discretion regarding the selection of securities which will achieve the Fund’s investment objective.

 

Companies are continually evaluated by the Adviser for portfolio exclusion or inclusion based on financial reporting and data sources such as but not limited to; press releases, social media, advertising, lobbying efforts, research from conservative advocacy groups, data from Federal and State Election Commissions, market research, surveys, polling as well as the Fund’s investors. Fund Investor sourced research and opinion is captured through a proprietary web-based advocacy platform that allows the Fund’s investors to periodically nominate companies for portfolio exclusion or inclusion. These nominations are considered by the Adviser in the Fund’s security selection process.

 

The Fund will generally hold the common stock of 400 to 600 companies with large market capitalizations. The Fund’s portfolio is expected to be broadly diversified with exposure to growth and value as well as to all economic sectors. The Fund seeks to manage active risk to capitalization-weighted benchmarks such as the Russell 1000 and S&P 500. The Fund relies on the investment discretion of its Adviser with respect to the selection and management of its portfolio of investments. Companies screed out of the Fund’s portfolio for non-alignment with conservative values are disclosed daily on the Fund’s public website.

 

2

 

 

The Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental policy and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders.  The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate an index.

 

Principal Risks

 

As with all funds, a shareholder is subject to the risk that his or her investment could lose money. The principal risks affecting shareholders’ investments in the Fund are set forth below. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency.

 

ETF Structure Risks.  The Fund is structured as an ETF and as a result is subject to special risks, including:

 

●      Not Individually Redeemable.  Shares of the Fund (“Shares”) are not individually redeemable and may be redeemed by the Fund at NAV only in large blocks known as “Creation Units.”  You may incur brokerage costs purchasing enough Shares to constitute a Creation Unit.

 

●      Trading Issues.  Although it is expected that Shares will remain listed for trading on NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in Shares inadvisable, such as extraordinary market volatility.  There can be no assurance that Shares will continue to meet the listing requirements of the Exchange or will trade with any volume.  There is no guarantee that an active secondary market will develop for Shares of the Fund. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of shares of the Fund may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than shares of the Fund.  This adverse effect on liquidity for the Fund’s Shares in turn could lead to differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those Shares.

 

●      Market Price Variance Risk.  The market prices of Shares will fluctuate in response to changes in NAV and supply and demand for Shares and will include a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialists, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security.  There may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly.  This means that Shares may trade at a discount to NAV.  The market price of Shares may deviate from the value of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, particularly in times of market stress, with the result that investors may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Shares of the Fund bought or sold.

3

 

 

●      Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk.  The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, shares of the Fund may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

 

●      Costs of Buying or Selling Shares: Shares of the Fund. Due to the costs of buying or selling shares of the Fund, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of shares of the Fund may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in shares of the Fund may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

 

Issuer-Specific Risk.  The value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.  The value of securities of smaller issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers.  The value of certain types of securities can be more volatile due to increased sensitivity to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments.

 

Active Management Risk. The Adviser’s investment decisions about individual securities impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.  The Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the Adviser’s investment strategy will produce the desired results.

 

Fund Investor Sourced Research and Opinion Risk. Certain data is collected from shareholders, who may not be professional investors, may have no financial expertise, and may not do any research on companies prior to participation (referred to herein as “Fund Investor sourced research and opinion.” Fund Investor sourced research and opinion depends, to a large extent, on active participation of a sufficient number of shareholders. Investment decisions made using Shareholder Sourced Research may be influenced by cognitive and emotional biases, resulting in investment choices that underperform the market generally. Although the Adviser employs measures to detect irregularities in Fund Investor sourced research and opinion, there is no assurance these measures will be successful and, as a result, the integrity of the data could be compromised or could be subject to manipulation. The Adviser may be unable to collect Fund Investor sourced research and opinion for a period of time because of technical issues, failures of the Internet, cybersecurity breaches, or adverse claims on intellectual property, among other reasons.

 

Market Risk.  Overall stock market risks may affect the value of individual securities in which the Fund invests.  Factors such as domestic economic growth and market conditions, interest rate levels, and political events affect the securities markets.  When the value of the Fund’s investments goes down, your investment in the Fund decreases in value and you could lose money.

4

 

 

Large Capitalization Securities Risk.  Investments in large capitalization securities as a group could fall out of favor with the market, causing the Fund to underperform investments that focus on small capitalization securities.  Larger, more established companies may be slow to respond to challenges and may grow more slowly than smaller companies.

 

Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific industries, sectors or companies in which the Fund invests. Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk.  Portfolio turnover refers to the rate at which the securities held by the Fund are replaced.  The higher the rate, the higher the transactional and brokerage costs associated with the turnover, which may reduce the Fund’s return unless the securities traded can be bought and sold without corresponding commission costs.  Active trading of securities may also increase the Fund’s realized capital gains or losses, which may affect the taxes you pay as the Fund shareholder.

 

Regulatory Risk.  Regulatory authorities in the United States or other countries may restrict the ability of the Fund to fully implement its strategy, either generally, or with respect to certain securities, industries or countries, which may impact the Fund’s ability to fully implement its investment strategies. 

  

Cyber Security Risk. Failures or breaches of the electronic systems of the Adviser and the Fund’s other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants (participants authorized to redeem Creation Units of a particular ETF) or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests have the ability to cause disruptions and negatively impact the Fund’s business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses to the Fund and its shareholders. While the Fund has established business continuity plans and risk management systems seeking to address system breaches or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems of the Fund’s service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants or issuers of securities in which the Fund invests.

5

 

 

Operational Risk. The Fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including but not limited to human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. The Fund and the Adviser seek to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures. However, these measures do not address every possible risk and may be inadequate for those risks that they are intended to address.

 

New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new ETF and has only recently commenced operations. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it could ultimately liquidate. The Fund’s distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.

 

New Adviser Risk.  The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF.

 

Performance History

 

The Fund does not have a full calendar year of performance history.  In the future, performance information will be presented in this section of the Prospectus.  Performance information will contain a bar chart and table that provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing the Fund’s average annual returns for certain time periods as compared to a broad measure of market performance.   Investors should be aware that past performance before and after taxes is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.

 

Updated performance information is available by calling toll-free XXX-XXX-XXXX.

 

Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser

 

Ridgeline Research LLC (the “Adviser”), is the investment adviser to the Fund.

 

Vident Investment Advisory, LLC is the trading sub-adviser (“Trading Sub-Adviser”) to the Fund.

 

Portfolio Managers

 

Adviser’s Portfolio Manager:  Tom Carter, President of the Adviser, has served as the Fund’s portfolio manager since its inception in 2020.

 

Trading Sub-Adviser’s Portfolio Managers:  Denise M. Krisko, CFA, President of VIA, Rafael Zayas, CFA, Senior Portfolio Manager - International Equity of VIA, Habib Moudachirou, Senior Portfolio Manager of VIA and Austin Wen, CFA, Portfolio Manager of VIA, have been portfolio managers of the Fund since its inception in 2020.

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

The Fund will issue (or redeem) Shares to certain institutional investors (typically market makers or other broker-dealers) only in large blocks of at least 25,000 Shares known as “Creation Units.” Creation Unit transactions are typically conducted in exchange for the deposit or delivery of in-kind securities and/or cash. Individual Shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer. You can purchase and sell individual Shares of the Fund throughout the trading day like any publicly traded security. The Fund’s Shares are listed on the Exchange (i.e., NYSE Arca, Inc.). The price of the Fund’s Shares is based on market price, and because exchange-traded fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount). Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Fund’s Shares are not redeemable securities.

6

 

 

Tax Information

 

Each Fund’s distributions will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gain, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account in which case withdrawals will be taxed.

 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

 

If you purchase shares of the Funds through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Funds and their related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Funds over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

7

 

 

FUND SUMMARY – American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

 

Investment Objective

 

The American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation with capital preservation as a secondary objective.

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. Investors purchasing shares on a national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where shares may trade from time to time (each, a “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker that are not reflected in the table set forth below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses

(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management Fee(1)

  0.75%

 

Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees

None

 

Other Expenses

 None

 

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

  0.75%

 

(1)

Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser, at its own expense and without reimbursement from the Trust, pays all of the expenses of the Fund, excluding the advisory fees, distribution fees or expenses under a 12b-1 plan (if any), interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and any other portfolio transaction related expenses and fees arising out of transactions effected on behalf of the Fund, credit facility fees and expenses, including interest expenses, and litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business.

 

Example

 

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds.  The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Fund Name

1 Year

3 Years

American Conservative Values
Small-Cap ETF

$77

$417

 

8

 

 

Portfolio Turnover

 

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of any in kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s Shares. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not have any portfolio information available.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

Under normal circumstances, the Fund seeks to meet its investment objective by investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus borrowings for investment purposes, if any, in equity securities of U.S. companies with small market capitalizations.

 

Small capitalization companies are those companies with market capitalizations similar to companies in the Russell 2000 Index or S&P 400 Index and S&P 600 Index (the “Small Cap Indexes”). The size of the companies in the Small Cap Indexes changes with market conditions and the composition of the Small Cap Indexes.  Ridgeline Research LLC (the “Adviser”) generally defines small cap as less than $ 6.0 Billion and greater than $500 million.

 

The Fund’s strategy reflects the Adviser’s conviction that politically active companies negatively impact their shareholders’ value by miss-allocation the company’s resources as well as supporting issues and causes which are opposed to conservative political, social and economic beliefs and values. Such companies constitute poor long-term investment opportunities.

 

The Fund is actively managed and seeks to avoid ownership of companies which the Adviser determines disproportionately support liberal causes, charities, advocacy groups, campaigns, candidates, PACs and think tanks. Such support could be financial, as part of corporate governance, marketing, business strategy or public activism and advocacy by the company and or its senior management.

 

Given the qualitative and quantitative analysis required to determine a company’s alignment with conservative values, the Adviser has considerable discretion regarding the selection of securities which will achieve the Fund’s investment objective.

 

Companies are continually evaluated by the Adviser for portfolio exclusion or inclusion based on financial reporting and data sources such as but not limited to; press releases, social media, advertising, lobbying efforts, research from conservative advocacy groups, data from Federal and State Election Commissions, market research, surveys, polling as well as the Fund’s investors. Fund Investor sourced research and opinion is captured through a proprietary web-based advocacy platform that allows the Fund’s investors to periodically nominate companies for portfolio exclusion or inclusion. These nominations are considered by the Adviser in the Fund’s security selection process.

 

The Fund will generally hold the common stock of 400 to 600 companies with small market capitalizations. The Fund’s portfolio is expected to be broadly diversified with exposure to growth and value as well as to all economic sectors. The Fund seeks to manage active risk to capitalization-weighted benchmarks such as the Russell 2000 and S&P 600. The Fund relies on the investment discretion of its Adviser with respect to the selection and management of its portfolio of investments. Companies screed out of the Fund’s portfolio for non-alignment with conservative values are disclosed daily on the Fund’s public website.

 

9

 

 

The Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental policy and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders. The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate an index.

 

Principal Risks

 

As with all funds, a shareholder is subject to the risk that his or her investment could lose money. The principal risks affecting shareholders’ investments in the Fund are set forth below. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency.

 

ETF Structure Risks.  The Fund is structured as an ETF and as a result is subject to special risks, including:

 

●      Not Individually Redeemable.  Shares of the Fund (“Shares”) are not individually redeemable and may be redeemed by the Fund at NAV only in large blocks known as “Creation Units.”  You may incur brokerage costs purchasing enough Shares to constitute a Creation Unit.

 

●      Trading Issues.  Although it is expected that Shares will remain listed for trading on NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in Shares inadvisable, such as extraordinary market volatility.  There can be no assurance that Shares will continue to meet the listing requirements of the Exchange or will trade with any volume.  There is no guarantee that an active secondary market will develop for Shares of the Fund. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of shares of the Fund may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than shares of the Fund.  This adverse effect on liquidity for the Fund’s Shares in turn could lead to differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those Shares.

 

●      Market Price Variance Risk.  The market prices of Shares will fluctuate in response to changes in NAV and supply and demand for Shares and will include a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialists, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security.  There may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly.  This means that Shares may trade at a discount to NAV.  The market price of Shares may deviate from the value of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, particularly in times of market stress, with the result that investors may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the Shares of the Fund bought or sold.

10

 

 

●      Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk.  The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, shares of the Fund may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

 

●      Costs of Buying or Selling Shares: Shares of the Fund. Due to the costs of buying or selling shares of the Fund, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of shares of the Fund may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in shares of the Fund may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

 

Issuer-Specific Risk.  The value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.  The value of securities of smaller issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers.  The value of certain types of securities can be more volatile due to increased sensitivity to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments.

 

Active Management Risk.  The Adviser’s investment decisions about individual securities impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.  The Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the Adviser’s investment strategy will produce the desired results.

 

Fund Investor Sourced Research and Opinion Risk. Certain data is collected from shareholders, who may not be professional investors, may have no financial expertise, and may not do any research on companies prior to participation (referred to herein as “Fund Investor sourced research and opinion.” Fund Investor sourced research and opinion depends, to a large extent, on active participation of a sufficient number of shareholders. Investment decisions made using Shareholder Sourced Research may be influenced by cognitive and emotional biases, resulting in investment choices that underperform the market generally. Although the Adviser employs measures to detect irregularities in Fund Investor sourced research and opinion, there is no assurance these measures will be successful and, as a result, the integrity of the data could be compromised or could be subject to manipulation. The Adviser may be unable to collect Fund Investor sourced research and opinion for a period of time because of technical issues, failures of the Internet, cybersecurity breaches, or adverse claims on intellectual property, among other reasons.

 

Market Risk.  Overall stock market risks may affect the value of individual securities in which the Fund invests.  Factors such as domestic economic growth and market conditions, interest rate levels, and political events affect the securities markets.  When the value of the Fund’s investments goes down, your investment in the Fund decreases in value and you could lose money.

11

 

 

Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific industries, sectors or companies in which the Fund invests. Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk.  Portfolio turnover refers to the rate at which the securities held by the Fund are replaced.  The higher the rate, the higher the transactional and brokerage costs associated with the turnover, which may reduce the Fund’s return unless the securities traded can be bought and sold without corresponding commission costs.  Active trading of securities may also increase the Fund’s realized capital gains or losses, which may affect the taxes you pay as the Fund shareholder.

 

Regulatory Risk.  Regulatory authorities in the United States or other countries may restrict the ability of the Fund to fully implement its strategy, either generally, or with respect to certain securities, industries or countries, which may impact the Fund’s ability to fully implement its investment strategies. 

 

Small Capitalization Stock Risk.  The value of a small capitalization company stocks or ETFs that invests in stocks of small capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than those of larger, more established companies or the market averages in general.

  

Cyber Security Risk. Failures or breaches of the electronic systems of the Adviser and the Fund’s other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants (participants authorized to redeem Creation Units of a particular ETF) or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests have the ability to cause disruptions and negatively impact the Fund’s business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses to the Fund and its shareholders. While the Fund has established business continuity plans and risk management systems seeking to address system breaches or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems of the Fund’s service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants or issuers of securities in which the Fund invests.

 

Operational Risk. The Fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including but not limited to human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third-parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. The Fund and the Adviser seek to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures. However, these measures do not address every possible risk and may be inadequate for those risks that they are intended to address.

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New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new ETF and has only recently commenced operations. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it could ultimately liquidate. The Fund’s distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.

 

New Adviser Risk.  The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF.

 

Performance History

 

The Fund does not have a full calendar year of performance history.  In the future, performance information will be presented in this section of the Prospectus.  Performance information will contain a bar chart and table that provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing the Fund’s average annual returns for certain time periods as compared to a broad measure of market performance.   Investors should be aware that past performance before and after taxes is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.

 

Updated performance information is available by calling toll-free XXX-XXX-XXXX.

 

Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser

 

Ridgeline Research LLC is the investment adviser to the Fund.

 

Vident Investment Advisory, LLC is the trading sub-adviser (“Trading Sub-Adviser”) to the Fund.

 

Portfolio Managers

 

Adviser’s Portfolio Manager:  Tom Carter, President of the Adviser, has served as the Fund’s portfolio manager since its inception in 2020.

 

Trading Sub-Adviser’s Portfolio Managers:  Denise M. Krisko, CFA, President of VIA, Rafael Zayas, CFA, Senior Portfolio Manager - International Equity of VIA, Habib Moudachirou, Senior Portfolio Manager of VIA and Austin Wen, CFA, Portfolio Manager of VIA, have been portfolio managers of the Fund since its inception in 2020.

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

The Fund will issue (or redeem) Shares to certain institutional investors (typically market makers or other broker-dealers) only in large blocks of at least 25,000 Shares known as “Creation Units.” Creation Unit transactions are typically conducted in exchange for the deposit or delivery of in-kind securities and/or cash. Individual Shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer. You can purchase and sell individual Shares of the Fund throughout the trading day like any publicly traded security. The Fund’s Shares are listed on the Exchange (i.e., NYSE Arca, Inc.). The price of the Fund’s Shares is based on market price, and because exchange-traded fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount). Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Fund’s Shares are not redeemable securities.

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Tax Information

 

Each Fund’s distributions will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gain, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account in which case withdrawals will be taxed.

 

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

 

If you purchase shares of the Funds through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Funds and their related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Funds over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS’ INVESTMENTS

 

The Funds’ investment objectives are as follows:

 

 

The American Conservative Values ETF seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation with capital preservation as a secondary objective.

 

 

The American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF seeks to achieve long-term capital appreciation with capital preservation as a secondary objective.

 

Each Fund’s investment objective may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders.

 

In the remaining portion of this prospectus, each of the above-mentioned ETFs may be referred to generally as a “Fund” or collectively, as the “Funds”.

 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

Under normal circumstances, each Fund seeks to meet its investment objective by investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus borrowings for investment purposes, if any, in equity securities or other instruments with similar characteristics of U.S. companies with market capitalizations corresponding to such Fund’s investment objectives.

 

With respect to American Conservative Value ETF, large capitalization companies are those companies with market capitalizations similar to companies in the Large Cap Indexes. The size of the companies in the Large Cap Indexes changes with market conditions and the composition of the Large Cap Indexes. The Adviser generally defines large cap as greater than $4.0 Billion. The American Conservative Value ETF will generally hold 400-600 large capitalization companies weighted by their market capitalization. The portfolio will be broadly diversified with exposure to growth and value companies as well as exposure to all economic sectors.

 

With respect to American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF, small capitalization companies are those companies with market capitalizations similar to companies in the Small Cap Indexes. The size of the companies in the Small Cap Indexes changes with market conditions and the composition of the Small Cap Indexes.  The Adviser generally defines small cap as less than $6.0 Billion and greater than $500 million. The American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF will generally hold 400-600 small capitalization companies weighted by their market capitalization. The portfolio will be broadly diversified with exposure to growth and value companies as well as exposure to all economic sectors.

 

Each Fund will avoid ownership of companies which are not aligned with politically conservative community standards. These standards are collectively qualitative; encompassing factors that are ethical, moral, ideological and ever evolving. The determination of which companies to avoid will be continually evaluated by the Adviser using internal and external research, as well as Fund Investor sourced research and opinion using a web-based interface as well as market research and surveys. The companies being avoided will be displayed and updated daily on the Fund’s website.  The final determination on which companies to exclude from the Fund is qualitative and made by the Adviser.

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Each Fund reserves the right to invest in U.S. government securities, money market instruments, and cash, without limitation, as determined by the Adviser in response to adverse market, economic, political, or other conditions. Each Fund also may “hedge” or minimize its exposure to one or more foreign currencies in response to such conditions. In the event that a Fund engages in temporary defensive strategies that are inconsistent with its investment strategies, such Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective may be limited.

 

Each Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental policy and may be changed without shareholder approval.  Each Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate an index.

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT RISK

 

It is important that you closely review and understand the risks of investing in the Fund.  References herein to “the Fund” are to any one of the Funds generally. The Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) and investment return will fluctuate based upon changes in the value of its portfolio securities. You could lose money on your investment in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. There is no guarantee that the Fund will meet its investment objective. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.   Below are some of the specific risks of investing in the Fund. 

 

All Funds.

 

ETF Structure Risks.  The Funds are structured as an ETFs and as a result are subject to special risks, including:

 

●      Not Individually Redeemable.  Shares of the Funds (“Shares”) are not individually redeemable and may be redeemed by the Funds at NAV only in large blocks known as “Creation Units.”  You may incur brokerage costs purchasing enough Shares to constitute a Creation Unit.

 

●      Trading Issues.  Trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in Shares inadvisable, such as extraordinary market volatility.  There can be no assurance that Shares will continue to meet the listing requirements of the Exchange or will trade with any volume.  There is no guarantee that an active secondary market will develop for Shares of the Funds. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of shares of the Funds may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Funds’ underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than shares of the Funds.

 

●      Market Price Variance Risk.  The market prices of Shares will fluctuate in response to changes in NAV and supply and demand for Shares and will include a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialists, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security.  There may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly.  This means that Shares may trade at a discount to NAV.

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●      Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk.  The Funds have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, shares of the Funds may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

 

Costs of Buying or Selling Shares: Shares of the Funds. Due to the costs of buying or selling shares of the Funds, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of shares of the Funds may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in shares of the Funds may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

 

Issuer-Specific Risk.  The value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.  The value of securities of smaller issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers.  The value of certain types of securities can be more volatile due to increased sensitivity to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments.

 

Active Management Risk.  The Adviser’s investment decisions about individual securities impact the Funds’ ability to achieve their investment objectives.  The Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments in which the Funds invest may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the Adviser’s investment strategy will produce the desired results.

 

Fund Investor Sourced Research and Opinion Risk. Certain data is collected from shareholders, who may not be professional investors, may have no financial expertise, and may not do any research on companies prior to participation (referred to herein as “Fund Investor sourced research and opinion.” Fund Investor sourced research and opinion depends, to a large extent, on active participation of a sufficient number of shareholders. Investment decisions made using Shareholder Sourced Research may be influenced by cognitive and emotional biases, resulting in investment choices that underperform the market generally. Although the Adviser employs measures to detect irregularities in Fund Investor sourced research and opinion, there is no assurance these measures will be successful and, as a result, the integrity of the data could be compromised or could be subject to manipulation. The Adviser may be unable to collect Fund Investor sourced research and opinion for a period of time because of technical issues, failures of the Internet, cybersecurity breaches, or adverse claims on intellectual property, among other reasons.

 

Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Funds’ portfolios may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific industries, sectors or companies in which the Funds invest. Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change.

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Regulatory Risk.  Regulatory authorities in the United States or other countries may restrict the ability of the Funds to fully implement its strategy, either generally, or with respect to certain securities, industries or countries, which may impact the Funds’ ability to fully implement their investment strategies. 

 

Focus of Investments Risk. While the Adviser intends to purchase securities in a diverse group of Targeted Portfolio Companies, the investment strategy set forth herein does not require the Fund to invest in a specific minimum number of securities and financial instruments. The Fund may focus its investments in issuers in an economic sector and expects to have increased exposure to the Technology sector, as discussed below. Focusing the Fund’s portfolio in this manner would subject the Fund to a greater degree of risk with respect to the failure of one or a few investments. In that event, the Fund’s portfolio will be more susceptible to fluctuations in value resulting from adverse economic conditions affecting the economic sector than a portfolio that does not focus in an economic sector. As a result, the Fund’s aggregate return may be volatile and may be affected substantially by the performance of only one or a few holdings.

 

Operational Risk. The Funds are exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including but not limited to human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Funds’ service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. The Funds and the Adviser seek to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures. However, these measures do not address every possible risk and may be inadequate for those risks that they are intended to address.

 

New Fund Risk.  The Funds are recently formed and have only commenced operations.  Accordingly, investors in the Funds bear the risk that they may not be successful in implementing their respective investment strategies, may not employ a successful investment strategy, or may fail to attract sufficient assets to realize economies of scale, any of which could result in the Funds being liquidated at any time without shareholder approval and at a time that may not be favorable for all shareholders.  Such liquidation could have negative tax consequences.

 

New Adviser Risk.  The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF.

 

American Conservative Values ETF.

 

Large Capitalization Securities Risk.  Investments in large capitalization securities as a group could fall out of favor with the market, causing the Fund to underperform investments that focus on small capitalization securities.  Larger, more established companies may be slow to respond to challenges and may grow more slowly than smaller companies.

 

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF.

 

Small Capitalization Stock Risk.  The value of a small capitalization company stocks or ETFs that invests in stocks of small capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than those of larger, more established companies or the market averages in general.

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Non-Principal Risks for All Funds

 

Dividend-Paying Securities Risk.  To the extent the Funds invest in dividend-paying securities it will be subject to certain risks.  The company issuing such securities may fail and have to decrease or eliminate its dividend.  In such an event, a Fund may not only lose the dividend payout but the stock price of the company may fall.

 

Volatility Risk.  Equity securities tend to be more volatile than other investment choices.  The value of the Funds can be more volatile than the market as a whole.  This volatility affects the value of the Funds’ shares.

 

Foreign Securities Risk.  To the extent the Funds invest in foreign securities, they may be subject to additional risks not typically associated with investments in domestic securities. These risks may include, among others, currency risk, country risks (political, diplomatic, regional conflicts, terrorism, war, social and economic instability, currency devaluations and policies that have the effect of limiting or restricting foreign investment or the movement of assets), different trading practices, less government supervision, less publicly available information, limited trading markets and greater volatility.

 

Emerging Markets Securities Risk.  To the extent that Funds invest in issuers located in emerging markets, the risk may be heightened by political changes, changes in taxation, or currency controls that could adversely affect the values of these investments. Emerging markets have been more volatile than the markets of developed countries with more mature economies.

 

Cyber Security Risk. Failures or breaches of the electronic systems of the Funds, the Adviser, and the Funds’ other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants or the issuers of securities in which the Funds invest have the ability to cause disruptions and negatively impact the Funds’ business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses to the Funds and their shareholders. While the Funds have established business continuity plans and risk management systems seeking to address system breaches or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems. Furthermore, the Funds cannot control the cyber security plans and systems of the Funds’ service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants or issuers of securities in which the Funds invest.

 

Industry or Sector Focus Risk. To the extent the Funds focus their investments in a particular industry or sector, the Funds’ shares may be more volatile and fluctuate more than shares of a fund investing in a broader range of securities. One reason for dedicating assets to a specific industry or sector is to capitalize on performance momentum due to significant changes in market conditions, economic conditions, geopolitical conditions, etc.  Another reason for dedicating assets to a specific industry or sector would be to reduce downside exposure due to a significant change in market conditions, economic conditions, geopolitical conditions, etc. 

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Derivatives Risk.  The Funds may utilize derivatives, such as futures contracts, put and call options on stocks and stock indices, and index futures contracts and options thereon. There is no guarantee such strategies will work.  The value of derivatives may rise or fall more rapidly than other investments. For some derivatives, it is possible to lose more than the amount invested in the derivative. Other risks of investments in derivatives include imperfect correlation between the value of these instruments and the underlying assets; risks of default by the other party to the derivative transactions; risks that the transactions may result in losses that offset gains in portfolio positions; and risks that the derivative transactions may not be liquid.

 

While futures contracts are generally liquid instruments, under certain market conditions they may become illiquid. As a result, a Fund may not be able to close out a position in a futures contract at a time that is advantageous. The price of futures can be highly volatile; using them could lower total return, and the potential loss from futures can exceed the Fund’s initial investment in such contracts. The Funds’ use of derivatives may magnify losses.

 

If the Funds are not successful in employing such instruments in managing its portfolio, the Funds’ performance will be worse than if it did not employ such strategies. Successful use of derivatives will be subject to its ability to correctly predict movements in the direction of the securities generally or of a particular market segment. In addition, Funds will pay commissions and other costs in connection with such investments, which may increase the Funds’ expenses and reduce the return. In utilizing certain derivatives, a Fund’s losses are potentially unlimited. Derivative instruments may also involve the risk that other parties to the derivative contract may fail to meet their obligations, which could cause losses to the Funds.

 

Temporary Investments

 

To respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Funds may invest 100% of their total assets, without limitation, in high-quality short-term debt securities.  These short-term debt securities include: treasury bills, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, U.S. Government securities and repurchase agreements.  While the Funds are in a defensive position, the opportunity to achieve their respective investment objectives will be limited.  The Funds may also invest a substantial portion of their respective assets in such instruments at any time to maintain liquidity or pending selection of investments in accordance with its policies.  When the Funds take such a position, they may not achieve their investment objectives.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

The Investment Adviser.  Ridgeline Research LLC (the “Adviser”),14961 Finegan Farm Drive, Darnestown, Maryland 20874, is the investment adviser to each Fund. The Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Adviser is a limited liability company and was organized in Delaware. As of June XX, 2020, the Adviser did not have any assets under management as it has recently commenced operations.

 

The Trading Sub-AdviserThe Adviser has retained the Trading Sub-Adviser to serve as trading sub-adviser for the Fund. VIA is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. VIA, a registered investment adviser, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vident Financial, LLC. Its principal office is located at 1125 Sanctuary Parkway, Suite 515, Alpharetta, GA 30009. VIA was formed in 2014 and provides investment advisory services to ETFs, including the Fund. The Trading Sub-Adviser is responsible for trading portfolio securities for the Fund, including selecting broker-dealers to execute purchase and sale transactions or in connection with any rebalancing or reconstitution of the indexes, subject to the supervision of the Adviser and the Board. For its services, the Trading Sub-Adviser is paid fee by the Adviser, which fee is calculated daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate based on the average daily net assets of the Fund at the following rate:  0.05% on the first $250 million in net assets; 0.04% on the next $250 million in net assets; and 0.03% on any net assets in excess of $500 million (subject to a minimum of $30,000 per year).

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Under the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Trust, on behalf of the Funds (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), the Adviser has agreed to pay all expenses of each Fund, except for: the fee paid to the Adviser pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, distribution fees or expenses under a 12b-1 plan (if any), interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and any other portfolio transaction related expenses and fees arising out of transactions effected on behalf of the Fund, credit facility fees and expenses, including interest expenses, and litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business. The Adviser also furnishes each Fund with office space and certain administrative services. For its services, the Adviser is entitled to receive an annual management fee calculated daily and payable monthly, as a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets at the rate of 0.75%.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees approving the Investment Advisory Agreement for the Funds will be available in the Funds’ semi-annual report for the period ending September 30, 2020, once that report is produced.

 

The Portfolio Managers

 

Adviser Portfolio ManagerTom Carter will be a co-portfolio manager of the Fund. Tom has almost 30 years of experience in the investment management industry and oversaw portfolio and index management for over 10 years.

 

Trading Sub-Adviser Portfolio Managers - The Fund is managed by VIA’s portfolio management team. The individual members of the team responsible for the day to day management of the Fund’s portfolio are listed below.

 

Denise Krisko, CFA is the President of VIA and has over 20 years of index management experience, with an expertise in ETF management. She is responsible for oversight of portfolio management and trading and portfolio compliance, as well as business development. Prior to co-founding VIA in 2014, she was the Chief Investment Officer and Managing Director at Index Management Solutions for four years, responsible for the development and oversight of an ETF sub-advisory business with over $1 billion in assets. Previously, she was Co-Head of Equity Index Strategies for Mellon Capital Management and Head of Equity Index Management for BNY Asset Management, where she oversaw the ETF sub-advisory business grow to over $5 billion in assets in over 100 funds. Before that, she was a Director for Northern Trust and Deutsche Asset Management, responsible for portfolio management and trading of index-based strategies. She began her career at The Vanguard Group, as portfolio manager and trader for numerous equity index mutual funds. She obtained a BS in Economics from the Pennsylvania State University and an MBA in Finance from Villanova. She also holds the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.

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Rafael Zayas, CFA has over 15 years of trading and portfolio management experience in global equity products and ETFs. He joined VIA in 2017 as Senior Portfolio Manager – International Equities, specializing in managing and trading of developed, emerging, and frontier market portfolios. Prior to joining VIA, he was a Portfolio Manager at Russell Investments for over $5 billion in quantitative strategies across global markets, including emerging, developed and frontier markets and listed alternatives. Before that, he was an equity Portfolio Manager at BNY Mellon Asset Management, where he was responsible for $150 million in internationally listed global equity ETFs and assisted in managing $3 billion of global ETF assets. Mr. Zayas holds a BS in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University. He also holds the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.

 

Habib Moudachirou has 18 years of cross-asset experience in investment solutions, risk and portfolio management in Europe and in the U.S. He is a Senior Portfolio Manager for VIA, responsible for portfolio management and trading of portfolios, specializing in global equities and currency management and hedging. Prior to joining VIA in 2018, he was Executive Director, Portfolio Manager/Trader at J.P. Morgan, providing and managing cross asset alternative risk premia solutions in fund format. From 2012 through 2015, he was Executive Director - Portfolio Manager at Emerging Global Advisors where he was responsible for $1.8 billion in emerging and frontier equity ETFs. Before that, he was Vice President at HSBC Global Asset Management, performing financial engineering to produce global solutions and cross-asset fund structuring. Mr. Moudachirou holds a BS in Physics from University of Paris VI, an MS in Engineering – Statistics from ENSAI, France and an MS in Quantitative Finance from the University of Rennes, France. He also holds the Certified Financial Risk Manager designation.

 

Austin Wen, CFA has seven years of investment management experience. He is a Portfolio Manager at VIA and has been with the firm since 2014, specializing in portfolio management and trading, of equity portfolios and commodities-based portfolios, as well as risk monitoring, and investment analysis. Previously, he was an analyst for Vident Financial, working on the development and review of investment solutions. He began his career as a State Examiner for the Georgia Department of Banking and Finance. Mr. Wen obtained a BA in Finance from the University of Georgia and holds the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.

 

The SAI provides additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, and the portfolio managers’ ownership in the Funds.   

 

The Trust

 

The Funds are each series of the ETF Opportunities Trust, an open-end management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on March 18, 2019. The Trustees supervise the operations of the Funds according to applicable state and federal law, and the Trustees are responsible for the overall management of the Funds’ business affairs.

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Portfolio Holdings

 

A description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio securities is available in the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information.  Complete holdings (as of the dates of such reports) are available in reports on Form N-PORT and Form N-CSR filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

 

HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES

Shares of the Funds are listed for trading on the Exchange. Share prices are reported in dollars and cents per share. Shares can be bought and sold on the secondary market throughout the trading day like other publicly traded shares and shares typically trade in blocks of less than a Creation Unit. There is no minimum investment required. shares may only be purchased and sold on the secondary market when the Exchange is open for trading. The Exchange is open for trading Monday through Friday and is closed on weekends and the following holidays, as observed: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

 

When buying or selling shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price in the secondary market on each leg of a round trip (purchase and sale) transaction.

 

Authorized Participants may acquire shares directly from the Funds, and Authorized Participants may tender their shares for redemption directly to the Funds, at NAV per share only in large blocks, or Creation Units, of at least 25,000 shares. Purchases and redemptions directly with the Funds must follow each Fund’s procedures, which are described in the SAI.

 

Under normal circumstances, a Fund will pay out redemption proceeds to a redeeming AP within two days after the AP’s redemption request is received, in accordance with the process set forth in the Fund’s SAI and in the agreement between the AP and the Fund’s distributor. However, each Fund reserves the right, including under stressed market conditions, to take up to seven days after the receipt of a redemption request to pay an AP, all as permitted by the 1940 Act. The Funds anticipate regularly meeting redemption requests primarily through in-kind redemptions. However, the Funds reserve the right to pay redemption proceeds to an AP in cash. Cash used for redemptions will be raised from the sale of portfolio assets or may come from existing holdings of cash or cash equivalents.

 

The Funds may liquidate and terminate at any time without shareholder approval.

 

Share Trading Prices

The approximate value of shares, an amount representing on a per share basis the sum of the current market price of the securities accepted by the Funds in exchange for shares and an estimated cash component will be disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association. This approximate value should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV per share because the approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as the NAV, which is computed once a day, generally at the end of the business day. The Funds are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the approximate value of the shares, and the Funds do not make any warranty as to the accuracy of these values.

 

Book Entry

Shares are held in book entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.

 

Investors owning shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book entry or “street name” form.

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FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES

Shares can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the Funds in Creation Units by Authorized Participants, and the vast majority of trading in shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not directly involve the Fund, it is unlikely those trades would cause the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Funds’ trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of Creation Units directly with the Funds, to the extent effected in-kind (i.e., for securities), those trades do not cause the harmful effects that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, those trades could result in dilution to the Funds and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact a Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, direct trading by Authorized Participants is critical to ensuring that shares trade at or close to NAV. The Funds also employ fair valuation pricing to minimize potential dilution from market timing. In addition, the Funds impose transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the Funds in effecting trades. These fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that a Fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Trust has determined that it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of the Shares.

 

DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLAN

The Funds have not adopted a distribution and service plan (“Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Under a Plan, the Funds would be authorized to pay distribution fees to the distributor and other firms that provide distribution and shareholder services (“Service Providers”).

 

No distribution or service fees are currently paid by the Funds and will not be paid by the Funds unless authorized by the Trust’s Board of Trustees through a Plan adopted by the Board. There are no current plans to impose these fees. In the event Rule 12b-1 fees were charged, over time they would increase the cost of an investment in the Funds.

 

DIVIDENDS, OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES

Shares are traded throughout the day in the secondary market on a national securities exchange on an intra-day basis and are created and redeemed in-kind and/or for cash in Creation Units at each day’s next calculated NAV. In-kind arrangements are designed to protect ongoing shareholders from the adverse effects on a Fund’s portfolio that could arise from frequent cash redemption transactions. In a conventional mutual fund, redemptions can have an adverse tax impact on taxable shareholders if the mutual fund needs to sell portfolio securities to obtain cash to meet net fund redemptions. These sales may generate taxable gains for the ongoing shareholders of the mutual fund, whereas the shares’ in-kind redemption mechanism generally will not lead to a tax event for the Funds or its ongoing shareholders.

 

Ordinarily, dividends from net investment income, if any, are declared and paid quarterly by the Funds. The Funds distribute their net realized capital gains, if any, to shareholders annually. The Funds may also pay a special distribution at the end of a calendar year to comply with federal tax requirements.

24

 

 

No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Funds. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial owners of the Funds for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the Funds purchased in the secondary market.

 

Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available.

 

Taxes

As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares will be taxed. The tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in shares.

 

Unless your investment in Shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when:

 

-

A Fund makes distributions,

-

You sell your shares listed on the Exchange, and

-

You purchase or redeem Creation Units.

 

Taxes on Distributions

Distributions from each Fund’s net investment income, including net short-term capital gains, if any, are taxable to you as ordinary income, except that each Fund’s dividends attributable to its “qualified dividend income” (i.e., dividends received on stock of most domestic and certain foreign corporations with respect to which the Fund satisfies certain holding period and other restrictions), if any, generally are subject to federal income tax for non-corporate shareholders who satisfy those restrictions with respect to their shares at the rate for net capital gain. A part of each Fund’s dividends also may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations -- the eligible portion may not exceed the aggregate dividends each Fund receives from domestic corporations subject to federal income tax (excluding REITs) and excludes dividends from foreign corporations -- subject to similar restrictions. However, dividends a corporate shareholder deducts pursuant to that deduction are subject indirectly to the federal alternative minimum tax.

 

In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax when they are paid, whether you take them in cash or reinvest them in the Funds (if that option is available). Distributions reinvested in additional shares through the means of a dividend reinvestment service, if available, will be taxable to shareholders acquiring the additional shares to the same extent as if such distributions had been received in cash. Distributions of net long-term capital gains, if any, in excess of net short-term capital losses are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held the shares.

25

 

 

Distributions in excess of a Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits are treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of your basis in the shares and as capital gain thereafter. A distribution will reduce a Fund’s NAV per share and may be taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gain (as described above) even though, from an investment standpoint, the distribution may constitute a return of capital.

 

By law, the Funds are required to withhold 28% of your distributions and redemption proceeds if you have not provided the Fund with a correct Social Security number or other taxpayer identification number and in certain other situations.

 

Taxes on Exchange-Listed Share Sales

Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of shares is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less. The ability to deduct capital losses from sales of shares may be limited.

 

Taxes on Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units

An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered plus any Cash Component it pays. An Authorized Participant who exchanges Creation Units for securities will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate market value of the securities received plus any cash equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares being redeemed and the value of the securities. The Internal Revenue Service (“Service”), however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales” or for other reasons. Persons exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.

 

Any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less.

 

If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many shares you purchased or sold and at what price. See “Tax Status” in the SAI for a description of the newly effective requirement regarding basis determination methods applicable to share redemptions and each Fund’s obligation to report basis information to the Service.

 

The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the possible consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in the Funds. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in the shares under all applicable tax laws. See “Tax Status” in the SAI for more information.

 

FUND SERVICE PROVIDERS

Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc. (the “Administrator”) is the Funds’ administrator.  The firm is primarily in the business of providing administrative services to retail and institutional mutual funds and exchange-traded funds.

26

 

 

Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. (“Citi”) serves as the Funds’ fund accountant and transfer agent, and it provides certain other services to the Funds not provided by the Administrator. Citi is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to retail and institutional exchange traded funds and mutual funds.

 

Citibank, N.A., serves as the Funds’ custodian.

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) serves as the Distributor of Creation Units for the Funds on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a Secondary Market in shares.

 

Practus, LLP services as legal counsel to the Trust and the Funds.

 

Cohen & Company, Ltd., serves as the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the annual financial statements of the Funds.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

Investments by Investment Companies

The SEC has granted an exemptive order to the Adviser permitting registered investment companies and unit investment trusts that enter into an agreement with the Trust (“Investing Funds”) to invest in series of the Trust beyond the limits set forth in Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act subject to certain terms and conditions.

 

Continuous Offering

The method by which Creation Units of shares are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units of shares are issued and sold by the Funds on an ongoing basis, a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may occur at any point. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery requirement and liability provisions of the Securities Act.

 

For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into constituent shares and sells the shares directly to customers or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a characterization as an underwriter.

27

 

 

Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker-dealer firms should note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with engaging in ordinary secondary market transactions) and thus dealing with the shares that are part of an overallotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the Securities Act, will be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the Securities Act is only available with respect to transactions on a national exchange.

 

Dealers effecting transactions in the shares, whether or not participating in this distribution, are generally required to deliver a Prospectus. This is in addition to any obligation of dealers to deliver a Prospectus when acting as underwriters.

 

Premium/Discount Information

When available, information regarding how often the Shares of the Fund traded on the Exchange at a price above (i.e. at a premium) or below (i.e. at a discount) the NAV of the Fund will be available at www.ridgelineresearch.com.

 

Householding

To reduce expenses, the Funds mail only one copy of the prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call the Funds at XXX-XXX-XXXX on days the Funds are open for business or contact your financial institution. The Funds will begin sending you individual copies thirty days after receiving your request.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

Because the Funds, as of the date of this Prospectus, have not yet completed an initial fiscal period, no financial highlights are available. In the future, financial highlights will be presented in this section of the Prospectus.

28

 

 

FOR MORE INFORMATION

 

You will find more information about the Funds in the following documents:

 

Each Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports will contain more information about the Funds.  Each Fund’s annual report will contain a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that had a significant effect on the Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year.

 

For more information about the Funds, you may wish to refer to the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) dated June_____, 2020, which is on file with the SEC and incorporated by reference into this prospectus. You can obtain a free copy of the annual and semi-annual reports, and SAI by writing to ETF Opportunities Trust, 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, Virginia 23235, by calling the Funds toll free at XXX-XXX-XXXX, by e-mail at: ________________ General inquiries regarding the Funds may also be directed to the above address or telephone number.

 

Information about the Trust, including the SAI, can be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. Information about the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Reports and other information regarding the Funds are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov, and copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address:  publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington D.C. 20549-0102.

 

(Investment Company Act File No. 811-23439)

 

 

29

 

American Conservative Values ETF (ACVF)

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF (ACVS)

(collectively, the “Funds”)

 

series portfolios of

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205

Richmond, Virginia 23235

888-XXX-XXXX  

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

Dated June xx, 2020

 

* The Funds have not commenced operations as of the date of this Statement of Additional Information.

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The Funds may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion

 

 This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with the current prospectus for the Funds dated April _____, 2020 as it may be supplemented or revised from time to time.  This SAI is incorporated by reference into the  Funds’ prospectus. You may obtain the prospectus, the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports (once available) of the Funds, free of charge, by writing to ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”), 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, Virginia 23235 or by calling 888-XXX-XXXX.

 

Investment Adviser:

Ridgeline Research LLC

14961 Finegan Farm Drive

Darnestown, Maryland 20874

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

THE TRUST

1

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

1

DESCRIPTION OF PERMITTED INVESTMENTS

2

INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS

9

MANAGEMENT AND OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

10

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE TRUST

15

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SECURITIES HOLDERS

19

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

20

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PURCHASES AND SALES

21

ADDITIONAL PAYMENTS TO FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

30

TAXES

31

BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES

43

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES HOLDINGS

45

DESCRIPTION OF SHARES

48

PROXY VOTING

49

CODES OF ETHICS

49

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

50

EXHIBIT A

56

EXHIBIT B

58

EXHIBIT C

65

 

 

 

THE TRUST

 

General.  This SAI relates to the American Conservative Values ETF and the American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”), and it should be read in conjunction with the prospectus of the Funds. This SAI is incorporated by reference into the Funds’ prospectuses.  No investment in shares should be made without reading the prospectuses.  The Funds are each series of ETF Opportunities Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”). The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company. The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the “Board” or “Trustees”).

 

The Funds may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”). All Shares have equal rights and privileges. Each Share is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which Shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each Share is entitled to participate equally with other Shares (i) in dividends and distributions declared by such Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional Shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full Share.

 

The Funds will issue and redeem Shares at net asset value (“NAV”) only in aggregations of at least 25,000 Shares (each a “Creation Unit”). The Funds will issue and redeem Creation Units principally in exchange for a basket of securities (the “Deposit Securities”), together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (the “Cash Component”), plus a transaction fee. The Funds have been approved for listing on NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”). Shares will trade on the Exchange at market prices that may be below, at, or above NAV. In the event of the liquidation of the Funds, a share split, reverse split or the like, the Trust may revise the number of Shares in a Creation Unit.

 

The Funds reserve the right to offer creations and redemptions of Shares for cash. In addition, Shares may be issued in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities subject to various conditions, including a requirement to maintain on deposit with the Trust cash equal to up to 115% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities. In each instance of such cash creations or redemptions, transaction fees, may be imposed and may be higher than the transaction fees associated with in-kind creations or redemptions. See “Additional Information About Purchase and Redemptions” below.

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

 

The Funds’ investment objective and principal investment strategies are described in the prospectus.  The Funds are “diversified” series as that term is defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).  The following information supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the prospectus. For a description of certain permitted investments discussed below, see “Description of Permitted Investments” in this SAI.

 

Portfolio Turnover.  Average annual portfolio turnover rate is the ratio of the lesser of sales or purchases to the monthly average value of the portfolio securities owned during the year, excluding from both the numerator and the denominator all securities with maturities at the time of acquisition of one year or less. A higher portfolio turnover rate involves greater transaction expenses to the Fund and may result in the realization of net capital gains, which would be taxable to shareholders when distributed. The Adviser makes purchases and sales for each Fund’s portfolio whenever necessary, in the Adviser’s opinion, to meet each Fund’s objective.

 

1 

 

DESCRIPTION OF PERMITTED INVESTMENTS

 

The following discussion of investment techniques and instruments supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the investment information in the Funds’ prospectus. In seeking to meet its investment objective, each Fund may invest  in any type of security whose characteristics are consistent with its investment programs.  To the extent particular investment techniques or instruments that are not described in the principal investment strategies disclosure of the Funds’ prospectus, such investment techniques and instruments are not a part of the principal strategies and the corresponding risks are not principal risks of the Funds.

 

Equity Securities. Equity securities are common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible preferred stocks, convertible debentures, American Depositary Receipts, rights and warrants. Convertible preferred stock is preferred stock that can be converted into common stock pursuant to its terms. Convertible debentures are debt instruments that can be converted into common stock pursuant to their terms. Warrants are options to purchase equity securities at a specified price valid for a specific time period. Rights are similar to warrants, but normally have shorter durations.

 

Common Stocks.  Common stocks represent units of ownership in a company. Common stocks usually carry voting rights and earn dividends. Unlike preferred stocks, which are described below, dividends on common stocks are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the company’s board of directors.

 

Large Capitalization Stocks.  Investments in large capitalization securities as a group could fall out of favor with the market, causing the Fund to underperform investments that focus on small- or medium-capitalization securities.  Larger, more established companies may be slow to respond to challenges and may grow more slowly than smaller companies.

 

Small Capitalization Stocks.  The value of a small capitalization company stock or ETF that invests in stocks of small capitalization companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than those of larger, more established companies or the market averages in general.

 

Preferred Stock.  The Funds may invest in preferred stock, which is a class of capital stock that pays dividends at a specified rate and that has preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of assets.  Preferred stock does not ordinarily carry voting rights. 

 

Most preferred stock is cumulative; if dividends are passed (not paid for any reason), they accumulate and must be paid before common dividends. A passed dividend on non-cumulative preferred stock is generally extinguished. Participating preferred stock entitles its holders to share in profits above and beyond the declared dividend, along with common shareholders, as distinguished from non-participating preferred, which is limited to the stipulated dividend. 

 

Adjustable rate preferred stock pays a dividend that is adjustable, usually quarterly, based on changes in the Treasury bill rate or other money market rates.

 

2 

 

Warrants.  The Funds may invest in warrants. A warrant gives the right to buy a stock and specifies the amount of the underlying stock, the purchase (or “exercise”) price, and the date the warrant expires.  If the price of the underlying stock does not rise above the exercise price before the warrant expires, the warrant generally expires without any value and the Fund loses any amount it paid for the warrant.  Thus, investments in warrants may involve more risk than investments in common stock.  Warrants may trade in the same markets as their underlying stock; however, the price of the warrant does not necessarily move with the price of the underlying stock.

 

Foreign Securities. The Funds may invest in foreign securities. To the extent that a Fund has exposure to foreign equity or fixed income securities, it will be subject to certain considerations and risks that are not typically associated with investing in Underlying Funds that invest solely in domestic securities. There may be less publicly available information about a foreign issuer than a domestic one, and foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial standards and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies. There may also be less government supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges, brokers and listed companies than exists in the United States.  Interest and dividends paid by foreign issuers may be subject to withholding and other foreign taxes, which may decrease the net return on such investments as compared to dividends and interest paid to the Fund by domestic companies or the U.S. government. There may be the possibility of expropriations, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, confiscatory taxation, political, economic or social instability or diplomatic developments that could affect assets of the Fund held in foreign countries. Finally, the establishment of exchange controls or other foreign governmental laws or restrictions could adversely affect the payment of obligations.

 

Securities trading on overseas markets present time zone arbitrage opportunities when events affecting portfolio security values occur after the close of the overseas market, but prior to the close of the U.S. market.  Fair valuation of the Fund’s portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund’s NAV by short term traders.

 

Emerging Markets Securities.  To the extent a Fund invests in emerging markets securities it will be subject to additional risks.  Investing in emerging market securities imposes risks different from, or greater than, risks of investing in foreign developed countries. These risks include: smaller market capitalization of securities markets, which may suffer periods of relative illiquidity; significant price volatility; restrictions on foreign investment; possible repatriation of investment income and capital. In addition, foreign investors may be required to register the proceeds of sales; future economic or political crises could lead to price controls, forced mergers, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, seizure, nationalization, or creation of government monopolies. The currencies of emerging market countries may experience significant declines against the U.S. dollar, and devaluation may occur subsequent to investments in these currencies by a fund.  Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging market countries.

 

Additional risks of emerging markets securities may include: greater social, economic and political uncertainty and instability; more substantial governmental involvement in the economy; less governmental supervision and regulation; unavailability of currency hedging techniques; companies that are newly organized and small; differences in auditing and financial  reporting standards, which may result in unavailability of material information about issuers; and less developed legal systems. In addition, emerging securities markets may have different clearance and settlement procedures, which may be unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions or otherwise make it difficult to engage in such transactions. Settlement problems may cause a fund to miss attractive investment opportunities, hold a portion of its assets in cash pending investment, or be delayed in disposing of a portfolio security. Such a delay could result in possible liability to a purchaser of the security.

 

3 

 

Options. The Funds may enter into option transactions. The Funds may mainly purchase and sell options on securities indices. An option involves either (a) the right or the obligation to buy or sell a specific instrument at a specific price until the expiration date of the option, or (b) the right to receive payments or the obligation to make payments representing the difference between the closing price of a market index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple until the expiration date of the option. Options are sold (written) on securities and market indices. The purchaser of an option on a security pays the seller (the writer) a premium for the right granted but is not obligated to buy or sell the underlying security. The purchaser of an option on a market index pays the seller a premium for the right granted, and in return the seller of such an option is obligated to make the payment. Options are traded on organized exchanges and in the over-the-counter market. The use of options is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions.

 

Options on securities indices are similar to options on a security or other instrument except that, rather than settling by physical delivery of the underlying instrument, they settle by cash settlement, i.e., an option on an index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the option is based exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the excess of the closing price of the index over the exercise price of the option, which also may be multiplied by a formula value. The seller of the option is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. The gain or loss on an option on an index depends on price movements in the instruments making up the market, market segment, industry or other composite on which the underlying index is based, rather than price movements in individual securities, as is the case with respect to options on securities.

 

Because certain derivatives may be viewed as creating leverage, that is, the amount invested may be smaller than the full economic exposure of the derivative instrument and a Fund could lose more than it invested, federal securities laws, regulations and guidance may require a Fund to earmark assets to reduce the risks associated with derivatives or to otherwise hold instruments that offset the Fund’s obligations under the derivatives instrument. This process is known as “cover.” A Fund will not enter into any derivative transactions unless it can comply with SEC guidance regarding cover, and, if SEC guidance so requires, a Fund will earmark cash or liquid assets with a value sufficient to cover its obligations under a derivative transaction or otherwise “cover” the transaction in accordance with applicable SEC guidance. If a large portion of a Fund’s assets is used for cover, it could affect portfolio management or the Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations. The leverage involved in certain derivative transactions may result in a Fund’s NAV being more sensitive to changes in the value of the related investment.

 

Futures Contracts.   The Funds may purchase and sell futures contracts to hedge against changes in prices. The Funds may utilize Treasury futures to hedge against interest rate risk and inflation risk. 

 

The Funds may engage in futures transactions for speculative or hedging purposes. The Funds may also write call options and purchase put options on futures contracts as a hedge to attempt to protect securities in its portfolio against decreases in value. Writing a call option on a futures contract is undertaking the obligation of selling a futures contract at a fixed price at any time during a specified period if the option is exercised. Conversely, as purchaser of a put option on a futures contract, the Funds are entitled (but not obligated) to sell a futures contract at the fixed price during the life of the option.

 

4 

 

When a Fund purchases futures contracts, an amount of cash and cash equivalents equal to the underlying commodity value of the futures contracts (less any related margin deposits) will be segregated on the books and records of the Fund to collateralize the position and thereby insure that the use of such futures contract is unleveraged. When a Fund sells futures contracts or related option contracts, it will either own or have the right to receive the underlying future or security, or will make deposits to collateralize the position as discussed above. When futures and options on futures are used as hedging devices, there is a risk that the prices of the securities subject to the futures contracts may not correlate perfectly with the prices of the securities in the Funds’ portfolio. This may cause the futures contract and any related options to react differently than the portfolio securities to market changes. In addition, an investment adviser could be incorrect in its expectations about the direction or extent of market factors such as stock price movements. In these events, the Funds may lose money on the futures contract or option. It is not certain that a secondary market for positions in futures contracts or for options will exist at all times. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange or otherwise will exist for any particular futures contract or option at any particular time. A fund’s ability to establish and close out futures and options positions depends on this secondary market. These Funds are being operated by an investment adviser that has claimed an exemption from registration with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission as a commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act, and therefore the investment adviser is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under that Act.  This claim of exemption from registration as a commodity pool operator is pursuant to Rule 4.5 promulgated under the Commodity Exchange Act.  Specifically, in accordance with the requirements of Rule 4.5(b)(1), the Fund will limit its use of commodity futures contracts and commodity options contracts to no more than (i) five percent (5%) of the Fund’s liquidation value being committed as aggregate initial premium or margin for such contracts or (ii) one hundred percent (100%) of the Fund’s liquidation value in aggregate net notional value of commodity futures, commodity options and swaps positions.

 

Cash Equivalents.  The Funds may invest in cash and high-quality short-term fixed-income securities.  All money market instruments can change in value when interest rates or an issuer’s creditworthiness change dramatically.  These short-term fixed-income securities are described below:

 

1.   Repurchase Agreements.  Repurchase agreements are agreements by which a fund purchases a security and obtains a simultaneous commitment from the seller to repurchase the security at an agreed upon price and date.  The resale price is in excess of the purchase price and reflects an agreed upon market rate unrelated to the coupon rate on the purchased security.  Repurchase agreements must be fully collateralized and can be entered into only with well-established banks and broker-dealers that have been deemed creditworthy by the Adviser. Repurchase transactions are intended to be short-term transactions, usually with the seller repurchasing the securities within seven days.  Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days are subject to a fund’s limit on illiquid securities.  When a fund enters into a repurchase agreement it may lose money if the other party defaults on its obligation and the fund is delayed or prevented from disposing of the collateral.  A loss may be incurred if the value of the collateral declines, and it might incur costs in selling the collateral or asserting its legal rights under the agreement. If a defaulting seller filed for bankruptcy or became insolvent, disposition of collateral might be delayed pending court action.

 

5 

 

2.   Bank Obligations.  Bank obligations include banker’s acceptances, negotiable certificates of deposit and non-negotiable time deposits, including U.S. dollar-denominated instruments issued or supported by the credit of U.S. or foreign banks or savings institutions. All investments in bank obligations are limited to the obligations of financial institutions having more than $1 billion in total assets at the time of purchase, and investments by the respective Fund in the obligations of foreign banks and foreign branches of U.S. banks will not exceed 10% of the respective Fund’s total assets at the time of purchase.

 

3.   Commercial Paper.  The Funds may invest in commercial paper.  Commercial paper will consist of issues rated at the time of investment as A-1 and/or P-1 by S&P, Moody’s or similar rating by another nationally recognized rating agency.  In addition, the Funds may acquire unrated commercial paper and corporate bonds.

 

4.   Investment Company Securities.  Each Fund may invest in funds such as money market funds and short-term bond funds. 

 

ETF Structure Risks.  The Funds are structured as an ETFs and as a result are subject to the special risks, including:

 

 

Not Individually Redeemable. Shares of the Funds (“Shares”) are not individually redeemable and may be redeemed by the Funds at NAV only in large blocks known as “Creation Units.”  You may incur brokerage costs purchasing enough Shares to constitute a Creation Unit.

 

 

Trading Issues. Trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in Shares inadvisable, such as extraordinary market volatility.  There can be no assurance that Shares will continue to meet the listing requirements of the Exchange or will trade with any volume.  There is no guarantee that an active secondary market will develop for Shares of the Funds. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of shares of the Funds may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Funds’ underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than shares of the Funds.

 

 

Market Price Variance Risk. The market prices of Shares will fluctuate in response to changes in NAV and supply and demand for Shares and will include a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialists, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security.  There may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly.  This means that Shares may trade at a discount to NAV.

 

 

Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Funds have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, shares of the Funds may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

 

6 

 

 

Costs of Buying or Selling Shares: Shares of the Funds. Due to the costs of buying or selling shares of the Funds, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of shares of the Funds may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in shares of the Funds may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

 

Issuer-Specific RiskThe value of a specific security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole.  The value of securities of smaller issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers.  The value of certain types of securities can be more volatile due to increased sensitivity to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments.

 

Active Management RiskThe Adviser’s investment decisions about individual securities impact the Funds’ ability to achieve their investment objectives.  The Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments in which the Funds invest may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the Adviser’s investment strategy will produce the desired results.

 

Shareholder Sourced Research RiskCertain data is collected from shareholders, who may not be professional investors, may have no financial expertise, and may not do any research on companies prior to participation. Shareholder Sourced Research depends, to a large extent, on active participation of a sufficient number of shareholders. Investment decisions made using Shareholder Sourced Research may be influenced by cognitive and emotional biases, resulting in investment choices that underperform the market generally. Although the Adviser employs measures to detect irregularities in Shareholder Sourced Research, there is no assurance these measures will be successful and, as a result, the integrity of the data could be compromised or could be subject to manipulation. The Adviser may be unable to collect shareholder sourced research for a period of time because of technical issues, failures of the Internet, cybersecurity breaches, or adverse claims on intellectual property, among other reasons.

 

Regulatory Risk.  Regulatory authorities in the United States or other countries may restrict the ability of the Funds to fully implement its strategy, either generally, or with respect to certain securities, industries or countries, which may impact the Funds’ ability to fully implement their investment strategies. 

 

Cyber Security Risk.  Failures or breaches of the electronic systems of the Funds, the Adviser, and the Funds’ other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants or the issuers of securities in which the Funds invest have the ability to cause disruptions and negatively impact the Funds’ business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses to the Funds and their shareholders. While the Funds have established business continuity plans and risk management systems seeking to address system breaches or failures, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems. Furthermore, the Funds cannot control the cyber security plans and systems of the Funds’ service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants or issuers of securities in which the Funds invest.

 

7 

 

Operational Risk. The Funds are exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including but not limited to human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Funds’ service providers, counterparties or other third-parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. The Funds and the Adviser seek to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures. However, these measures do not address every possible risk and may be inadequate for those risks that they are intended to address.

 

Dividend-Paying Securities Risk. To the extent the Funds invest in dividend-paying securities it will be subject to certain risks.  The company issuing such securities may fail and have to decrease or eliminate its dividend.  In such an event, a Fund may not only lose the dividend payout but the stock price of the company may fall.

 

Volatility RiskEquity securities tend to be more volatile than other investment choices.  The value of the Funds can be more volatile than the market as a whole.  This volatility affects the value of the Funds’ shares.

 

Foreign Securities Risk.  To the extent the Funds (other than American Conservative Values ETF) invest in foreign securities, they may be subject to additional risks not typically associated with investments in domestic securities. These risks may include, among others, currency risk, country risks (political, diplomatic, regional conflicts, terrorism, war, social and economic instability, currency devaluations and policies that have the effect of limiting or restricting foreign investment or the movement of assets), different trading practices, less government supervision, less publicly available information, limited trading markets and greater volatility.

 

High-Yield Securities (“Junk Bond”) RiskTo the extent that the Funds invest in high-yield securities and unrated securities of similar credit quality (commonly known as “junk bonds”), the Funds may be subject to greater levels of interest rate and credit risk than funds that do not invest in such securities. Junk bonds are considered predominately speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates could adversely affect the market for these securities and reduce the Funds’ ability to sell these securities (liquidity risk). If the issuer of a security is in default with respect to interest or principal payments, the Fund may lose its entire investment, which will affect the Funds’ return.

 

Industry or Sector Focus Risk.  To the extent the Funds focus their investments in a particular industry or sector, the Funds’ shares may be more volatile and fluctuate more than shares of a fund investing in a broader range of securities. One reason for dedicating assets to a specific industry or sector is to capitalize on performance momentum due to significant changes in market conditions, economic conditions, geopolitical conditions, etc.  Another reason for dedicating assets to a specific industry or sector would be to reduce downside exposure due to a significant change in market conditions, economic conditions, geopolitical conditions, etc. 

 

New Fund RiskThe Funds are recently formed and have only commenced operations.  Accordingly, investors in the Funds bear the risk that they may not be successful in implementing their respective investment strategies, may not employ a successful investment strategy, or may fail to attract sufficient assets to realize economies of scale, any of which could result in the Funds being liquidated at any time without shareholder approval and at a time that may not be favorable for all shareholders.  Such liquidation could have negative tax consequences.

 

New Adviser RiskThe investment adviser has not previously managed an ETF.

 

8 

 

 

INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS

 

Fundamental.  The investment limitations described below have been adopted by the Trust with respect to the Funds and are fundamental (“Fundamental”), i.e., they may not be changed without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Funds. As used in the Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information, the term “majority” of the outstanding shares of the Funds means the lesser of: (1) 67% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund are present or represented at such meeting; or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund.  Other investment practices which may be changed by the Board of Trustees without the approval of shareholders to the extent permitted by applicable law, regulation or regulatory policy are considered non-fundamental (“Non-Fundamental”).

 

Each of the Funds:

 

 

1.

May not borrow money except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulatory authority having jurisdiction.

 

 

2.

May not issue any senior securities to others, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulatory authority having jurisdiction.

 

 

3.

May not underwrite securities issued by others except to the extent the Funds may be deemed to be an underwriter under the federal securities laws, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities.

 

 

4.

May not invest more than 25% of the value of its net assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries. The limitation against industry concentration does not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or to shares of investment companies; however, the Fund will not invest more than 25% of its net assets in any investment company that so concentrates. In complying with this restriction, the Fund will not consider a bank-issued guaranty or financial guaranty insurance as a separate security.

 

 

5.

May not purchase or sell real estate except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulatory authority having jurisdiction.

 

 

6.

May not make loans to others, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulatory authority having jurisdiction.

 

 

7.

May invest in commodities only as permitted by the 1940 Act or other governing statute, by the Rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund.

 

9 

 

Except with respect to borrowing and circumstances where the Funds are required to “cover” their positions, if a percentage or rating restriction on investment or use of assets set forth herein or in the Prospectus is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from any cause other than actions by the Fund will not be considered a violation.  Currently, subject to modification to conform to the 1940 Act as interpreted or modified, each Fund is permitted, consistent with the 1940 Act, to borrow, and pledge its shares to secure such borrowing, provided, that immediately thereafter there is asset coverage of at least 300% for all borrowings by a Fund from a bank. If borrowings exceed this 300% asset coverage requirement by reason of a decline in net assets of a Fund, the Fund will reduce its borrowings within three days (not including Sundays and holidays) to the extent necessary to comply with the 300% asset coverage requirement. The 1940 Act also permits the Funds to borrow for temporary purposes only in an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the time when the loan is made. A loan shall be presumed to be for temporary purposes if it is repaid within 60 days and is not extended or renewed. To the extent outstanding borrowings of a Fund exceed 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund, the Fund will not make additional purchases of securities – the foregoing shall not be construed to prevent the Fund from settling portfolio transactions or satisfying shareholder redemptions orders. The SEC has indicated, however, that certain types of transactions, which could be deemed “borrowings” (such as firm commitment agreements and reverse repurchase agreements), are permissible if a Fund “covers” the agreements by establishing and maintaining segregated accounts.

 

Currently, with respect to senior securities, the 1940 Act and regulatory interpretations of relevant provisions of the 1940 Act establish the following general limits, subject to modification to conform to the 1940 Act as interpreted or modified: Open-end registered investment companies such as the Funds are not permitted to issue any class of senior security or to sell any senior security of which they are the issuers. The Trust is, however, permitted to issue separate series of shares (the Funds are series of the Trust) and to divide those series into separate classes. Each Fund currently offers one class of shares.  The Funds have no intention of issuing senior securities, except that the Trust has issued its shares in separate series and may divide those series into classes of shares. Collateral arrangements with respect to forward contracts, futures contracts or options, including deposits of initial and variation margin, are not considered to be the issuance of a senior security for purposes of this restriction.

 

With respect to the Funds’ Fundamental Policy #4 as described above, each Fund will consider, to the extent practicable and consistent with applicable rules, regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and applicable guidance from the staff of the SEC, investments of its underlying investment companies when determining its compliance with the policy.           

 

With respect to the percentages adopted by the Trust as maximum limitations on its investment policies and limitations, an excess above the fixed percentage will not be a violation of the policy or limitation unless the excess results immediately and directly from the acquisition of any security or the action taken. This paragraph does not apply to the borrowing policy set forth in paragraph 1 above.

 

Notwithstanding any of the foregoing limitations, any investment company, whether organized as a trust, association or corporation, or a personal holding company, may be merged or consolidated with or acquired by the Trust, provided that if such merger, consolidation or acquisition results in an investment in the securities of any issuer prohibited by said paragraphs, the Trust shall, within ninety days after the consummation of such merger, consolidation or acquisition, dispose of all of the securities of such issuer so acquired or such portion thereof as shall bring the total investment therein within the limitations imposed by said paragraphs above as of the date of consummation.

 

MANAGEMENT AND OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

 

Investment Adviser. Ridgeline Research LLC (the “Adviser”),14961 Finegan Farm Drive, Darnestown, Maryland 20874, is the investment adviser to each Fund. The Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Adviser is a limited liability company and was organized in Delaware.  As of June xx, 2020, the Adviser did not have any assets under management as it has recently commenced operations.

 

10 

 

 

The Adviser currently provides investment advisory services pursuant to an investment advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”).  Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser manages the investment portfolio of each Fund, subject to the policies adopted by the Trust’s Board of Trustees.  Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser, at its own expense and without reimbursement from the Trust, furnishes office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and executive personnel necessary for managing the assets of the Funds.  Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser assumes and pays all ordinary expenses of the Funds, except the fee paid to the Adviser pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, distribution fees or expenses under a 12b-1 plan (if any), interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and any other portfolio transaction related expenses and fees arising out of transactions effected on behalf of the Fund, credit facility fees and expenses, including interest expenses, and litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business

 

For its services with respect to each of the Funds, the Adviser is entitled to receive an annual management fee, calculated daily and payable monthly as a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets, at the rate of 0.75% for each of the Funds. The Adviser retains the right to use the name “Ridgeline Research” or any derivative thereof in connection with another investment company or business enterprise with which the Adviser is or may become associated.  The Trust’s right to use the name “Ridgeline Research” or any derivative thereof automatically ceases ninety days after termination of the Advisory Agreement and may be withdrawn by the Adviser on ninety days written notice.  The services furnished by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement are not exclusive, and the Adviser is free to perform similar services for others.

 

The Adviser may make payments to banks or other financial institutions that provide shareholder services and administer shareholder accounts. If a bank or other financial institution were prohibited from continuing to perform all or a part of such services, management of the Funds believes that there would be no material impact on the Funds or their shareholders. Financial institutions may charge their customers fees for offering these services to the extent permitted by applicable regulatory authorities, and the overall return to those shareholders availing themselves of the financial institution’s services will be lower than to those shareholders who do not. The Funds may purchase securities issued by financial institutions that provide such services; however, in selecting investments for the Funds, no preference will be shown for such securities.

 

The Trading Sub-Adviser.  The Adviser have retained Vident Investment Advisory, LLC (“VIA” or the “Trading Sub-Adviser”), located at 1125 Sanctuary Parkway, Suite 515, Alpharetta, GA 30009, to serve as trading sub-adviser for the Funds. The Trading Sub-Adviser was established in 2014 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vident Financial, LLC. Vident Financial, LLC was formed in 2013 to develop and license investment market solutions (indices and funds) based on strategies that combine sophisticated risk-balancing methodologies, economic freedom metrics, valuation, and investor behavior. Vident Financial, LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Vident Investors’ Oversight Trust. Vince L. Birley, Brian Shepler, and Mohammed Baki serve as the trustees of the Vident Investors’ Oversight Trust.

 

Pursuant to an Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Trading Sub-Adviser (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”), the Trading Sub-Adviser is responsible for trading portfolio securities on behalf of the Funds, including selecting broker-dealers to execute purchase and sale transactions as instructed by the Adviser, subject to the supervision of the Adviser and the Board. For the services it provides for the Funds, the Trading Sub-Adviser is compensated by the Adviser from the management fees paid by each of the Funds to the Adviser.

 

11 

 

 

The Sub-Advisory Agreement was approved by the Trustees (including all the Independent Trustees) in compliance with the 1940 Act. The Sub-Advisory Agreement will continue in force for an initial period of up to two years. Thereafter, the Sub-Advisory Agreement is renewable from year to year with respect to each of the Funds, so long as its continuance is approved at least annually (1) by the vote, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose, of a majority of those Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust; and (2) by the majority vote of either the full Board or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of a particular Fund. The Sub-Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment, and is terminable at any time without penalty by the Board or, with respect to a Fund, by a majority of the outstanding shares or by the Adviser on not less than 60 days’ written notice to the Trading Sub-Adviser, or by the Trading Sub-Adviser on 90 days’ written notice to the Adviser and the Trust. The Sub-Advisory Agreement provides that the Trading Sub-Adviser shall not be protected against any liability to the Trust or its shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard of its obligations or duties thereunder. For its services, the Trading Sub-Adviser is paid fee by the Adviser, which fee is calculated daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate based on the average daily net assets of the Fund at the following rate:  0.05% on the first $250 million in net assets; 0.04% on the next $250 million in net assets; and 0.03% on any net assets in excess of $500 million (subject to a minimum of $30,000 per year).

 

Portfolio Manager. As described in the prospectus, Mr. Carter serves as the Portfolio Manager responsible for the day-to-day investment management of the Funds. This section includes information about the Portfolio Manager, including information about other accounts he manages, the dollar range of Fund shares owned and compensation.

 

In addition to the Funds, the Portfolio Manager is responsible for the day-to-day management of certain other accounts, as listed below.   The information below is provided as of February 28, 2020.     

 

Portfolio Manager

Other

Registered

Investment

Company

Accounts

Assets

Managed

($ millions)

Other Pooled

Investment

Vehicle

Accounts

Assets

Managed

($ millions)

Other

Accounts

Assets

Managed

($ millions)

Total

Assets

Managed

($ millions)

Tom Carter

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Denise M. Krisko

28

$3,687

5

$139

0

$0

$3,827

Rafael Zayas

8

$1,867

0

$0

0

$0

$1,867

Habib Moudachirou

5

$160

4

$61

0

$0

$221

Austin Wen

9

$913

1

$78

0

$0

$991

 

Conflicts of Interests.  The Portfolio Manager’s management of “other accounts” may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection with his management of a Fund’s investments, on the one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other. The other accounts may have the same investment objective as the Funds. Therefore, a potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the identical investment objectives, whereby the Portfolio Manager could favor one account over another. Another potential conflict could include the Portfolio Manager’s knowledge about the size, timing and possible market impact of Fund trades, whereby the Portfolio Manager could use this information to the advantage of other accounts and to the disadvantage of the Funds. However, the Adviser has established policies and procedures to ensure that the purchase and sale of securities among all accounts it manages are fairly and equitably allocated.

12 

 

 

Compensation. 

 

Adviser.  The Portfolio Manager does not receive compensation that is based upon the Funds, any separate account strategy, partnership or any other commingled accounts, or any private account’s pre- or after-tax performance, or the value of the assets held by such entities. The Portfolio Manager does not receive any special or additional compensation from the Adviser for its service as Portfolio Manager. The Portfolio Manager receives a salary from the Adviser.  In addition to base salary, the Portfolio Manager may receive additional bonus compensation which is tied to the overall financial operating results of the Adviser.

 

Trading Sub-Adviser.  The portfolio managers of the Trading Sub-Adviser are compensated by the Sub-Adviser in the form of a fixed base salary and discretionary bonus that is not tied to the performance of the Fund.

 

Portfolio Manager Share OwnershipAs of April ___, 2020, the Portfolio Managers did not beneficially own shares of the Funds.

 

Administrator.  Pursuant to a Fund Services Agreement, Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc., 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, Virginia 23235 (“Administrator”) serves as each Fund’s administrator.  In its capacity as administrator, the Administrator supervises all aspects of the operations of the Funds except those performed by the Adviser.  The Administrator provides certain administrative services and facilities to the Funds, including, among other responsibilities, assisting in the preparation and filing of documents required for compliance by the Funds with applicable laws and regulations and arranging for the maintenance of books and records of the Funds.  The Administrator receives an asset-based fee computed daily and paid monthly on the average daily net assets of each Fund, subject to a minimum fee plus out-of-pocket expenses.

 

Fund Accountant, Transfer Agency and Other Services.  Pursuant to a Services Agreement with Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. (“Citi”), located at 4400 Easton Commons, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio, 43219, Citi provides certain financial administration (other than those provided by the Administrator), transfer agency, and fund accounting services to the Funds. As financial administrator, Citi performs certain services on behalf of the Trust including but not limited to: (1) calculating Fund expenses; (2) calculating Fund performance data; and (3) providing certain compliance support services.  As fund accountant, Citi maintains certain financial records of the Trust and provides accounting services to each Fund that include the daily calculation of each Fund’s NAV. Citi also performs certain other services on behalf of the Trust including providing financial information for the Trust’s federal and state tax returns and financial reports required to be filed with the SEC. As transfer agent, Citi issues shares of each Fund in Creation Units to fill purchase orders for each Fund’s shares, maintains records of the issuance and redemption of each Fund’s shares, and acts as each Fund’s dividend disbursing agent.

 

For the financial administration and fund accounting services provided to the Trust, the Trust has agreed to pay to Citi an annual asset based fee as a percentage of the aggregate net assets of each Fund, subject to certain breakpoints and minimum fee requirements.  Citi is also entitled to fees for services that it renders with respect to the filing of Form N-PORT, its services related to liquidity risk management and out-of-pocket expenses.

 

13 

 

 

CustodianPursuant to a Custodial and Agency Services Agreement with the Trust, Citibank, N.A. (“Custodian”), located at 388 Greenwich Street, New York, NY 10048 serves as Custodian for the Funds and safeguards and holds each Fund’s cash and securities, settles each Fund’s securities transactions and collects income on the Funds’ investments. Under the agreement, the Custodian also: (1) provides data required by the Advisor to determine each Fund’s Creation Basket and estimated Cash Amount for each Business Day (this services is paid for by the Advisor directly pursuant to the Support Services Agreement between Citi and the Advisor (see “Support Services Agreement,” above)); (2) monitors the settlement of securities comprising the Creation Basket and any cash in connection with the purchase and redemption of Creation Units and requests the issuance of related Creation Units; (3) deposits securities comprising the Creation Basket and/or cash received from Authorized Participants in connection with purchases of Creation Units into the Fund’s custody and cash accounts; (4) disburses securities comprising the Creation Basket and/or cash from the Fund’s custody and cash accounts to Authorized Participants in connection with the redemptions of Creation Units; and (5) performs certain other related services, (See “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units,” below).

 

Distributor and Principal Underwriter.  Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) the Funds’ distributor, is located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”).

 

Shares will be continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in whole Creation Units, as described in the section of this SAI entitled “Additional Information About Purchases and Sales.” The Distributor also acts as an agent for the Trust. The Distributor will deliver a prospectus to persons purchasing Shares in Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Funds or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Funds.

 

The Board has not adopted a Distribution and Service Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (“Rule 12b-1 Plan”) under the 1940 Act. No Rule 12b-1 fees are currently paid by the Funds and there are no plans to impose these fees.

 

The Advisor and its affiliates may, out of their own resources, pay amounts to third parties for distribution or marketing services on behalf of the Funds. The making of these payments could create a conflict of interest for a financial intermediary receiving such payments.

 

Legal Counsel.  Practus, LLP, 11300 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 310, Leawood, KS 66211, serves as legal counsel to the Trust and the Funds.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.  The Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, Cohen & Company, Ltd. audits the Funds’ annual financial statements, assists in the preparation of certain reports to the SEC, and prepares the Trust’s tax returns. Cohen & Company, Ltd. is located at 1350 Euclid Ave., Suite 800, Cleveland, OH  44115.

 

14 

 

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE TRUST

 

Trustees and Officers.  The Trust is governed by the Board, which is responsible for protecting the interests of shareholders. The trustees are experienced businesspersons who meet throughout the year to oversee the Trust’s activities, review contractual arrangements with companies that provide services to the Funds and review performance. The names, addresses and ages of the trustees and officers of the Trust, together with information as to their principal occupations during the past five years, are listed below.

 

Each Trustee was nominated to serve on the Board of Trustees based on their particular experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills.  Generally, the Trust believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of their individual overall merits including: (i) experience; (ii) qualifications; (iii) attributes; and (iv) skills.   Mr. David J. Urban has been a Professor of Education since 1989.   His strategic planning, organizational and leadership skills help the Board set long-term goals.  Ms. Mary Lou H. Ivey has business experience as a practicing tax accountant since 1996 and, as such, brings tax, budgeting and financial reporting skills to the Board.  Mr. Theo H. Pitt has experience as an investor, including his role as trustee of several other investment companies and business experience as Senior Partner of a financial consulting company, as a partner of a real estate partnership and as an Account Administrator for a money management firm. Mr. Kevin Farragher has experiences as an executive in multiple roles in the investment management industry, including product management, mutual fund, ETF and brokerage operations, and trade supervision and compliance. The Trust does not believe any one factor is determinative in assessing a Trustee’s qualifications, but that the collective experience of each Trustee makes them each highly qualified.

 

The Chairman of the Board of Trustees is Ms. Ivey, who is not an “interested person” of the Trust, within the meaning of the 1940 Act. The Trust also has an independent Audit Committee that allows the Board to access the expertise necessary of oversee the Trust, identify risks, recognize shareholder concerns and needs and highlight opportunities. The Audit Committee is able to focus Board time and attention to matters of interest to shareholders and, through its private sessions with the Trust’s auditor, Chief Compliance Officer and legal counsel, stay fully informed regarding management decisions.

 

ETFs face a number of risks, including investment risk, compliance risk and valuation risk. The Board oversees management of the Fund’s risks directly and through its officers. While day-to-day risk management responsibilities rest with the each Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer, investment advisers and other service providers, the Board monitors and tracks risk by: (1) receiving and reviewing quarterly reports related to the performance and operations of the Funds; (2) reviewing and approving, as applicable, the compliance policies and procedures of the Trust, including the Trust’s valuation policies and transaction procedures; (3) periodically meeting with the portfolio manager to review investment strategies, techniques and related risks; (4) meeting with representatives of key service providers, including the Fund’s investment advisers, administrator, distributor, transfer agent and the independent registered public accounting firm, to discuss the activities of the Funds; (5) engaging the services of the Chief Compliance Officer of the each Fund to monitor and test the compliance procedures of the Trust and its service providers; (6) receiving and reviewing reports from the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding the Fund’s financial condition and the Trust’s internal controls; and (7) receiving and reviewing an annual written report prepared by the Chief Compliance Officer reviewing the adequacy of the Trust’s compliance policies and procedures and the effectiveness of their implementation. The Board has concluded that its general oversight of the investment adviser and other service providers as implemented through the reporting and monitoring process outlined above allows the Board to effectively administer its risk oversight function.

 

15 

 

Following is a list of the Trustees and executive officers of the Trust and their principal occupation over the last five years.  The mailing address of each Trustee and officer is 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond VA, 23235, unless otherwise indicated.

 

NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES

 

NAME, AGE  AND POSITION WITH THE TRUST

TERM OF OFFICE AND LENGTH OF TIME SERVED

PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) DURING THE PAST
FIVE YEARS

NUMBER OF FUNDS IN FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE

OTHER DIRECTORSHIPS

HELD BY TRUSTEE

David J. Urban

(64)

Trustee

Indefinite, Since December, 2019

Dean, Jones College of Business, Middle Tennessee State University since July 2013.

 

2

Independent Trustee of World Funds Trust for the 30 series of that trust.

Mary Lou H. Ivey

(62)

Trustee

 

Indefinite, Since December, 2019

Accountant, Harris, Hardy & Johnstone, P.C., (accounting firm), since 2008.

2

Independent Trustee of World Funds Trust for the 30 series of that trust.

Theo H. Pitt, Jr.

(83)

Trustee

 

Indefinite, Since December, 2019

Senior Partner, Community Financial Institutions Consulting (bank consulting) since 1997 to present.

2

Independent Trustee of Chesapeake Investment Trust for the one series of that trust; Leeward Investment Trust for the one series of that trust; Hillman Capital Management Investment Trust for the one series of that trust; World Funds Trust for the 30 series of that trust; and Starboard Investment Trust for the 17 series of that trust; (all registered investment companies).

 

Kevin Farragher
(61)

Indefinite, Since December, 2019

Independent Consultant since 2014

2

None

 

16 

 

OFFICERS WHO ARE NOT TRUSTEES

 

NAME, AGE  AND POSITION(S) WITH THE TRUST

TERM OF OFFICE AND LENGTH OF TIME SERVED

PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) DURING THE PAST
FIVE YEARS

NUMBER OF FUNDS IN FUND COMPLEX OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE

OTHER DIRECTORSHIPS

HELD BY TRUSTEE

David Bogaert

(56)

President

Indefinite, Since December 2019

Managing Director of Business Development, Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc., October 2013 – present; Senior Vice President of Business Development and other positions for Huntington Asset Services, Inc. from 1986 to 2013.

 

N/A

N/A

Thomas A. Carter
(53)
Vice President

 

Indefinite, Since December 2019

President Ridgeline Research September 2019 through present. President ALPS Advisors and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributors 2007-November 2018. Garden leave November 2018-September 2019.

N/A  N/A 

Karen M. Shupe

(55)

Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer

 

Indefinite, Since December 2019

Managing Director of Fund Operations, Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc., 2003 to present.

N/A

N/A

Ann T. MacDonald

(65)

Assistant Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer

 

Indefinite, Since December 2019

Managing Director, Fund Administration and Fund Accounting, Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc., 2003 to present.

N/A

N/A

John H. Lively

(51)

Secretary

Indefinite, Since December 2019

Attorney, Practus, LLP (law firm), May 2018 to present; Attorney, The Law Offices of John H. Lively & Associates, Inc. (law firm), March 2010 to May 2018.

 

N/A

N/A

Holly B. Giangiulio

(58)

Assistant Secretary

Indefinite, Since December 2019

Managing Director, Corporate Operations, Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc., January 2015 to present, Corporate Accounting and HR Manager from 2010 to 2015. 

 

N/A

N/A

Julian G. Winters

(51)

Chief Compliance Officer

Indefinite, Since December 2019

Managing Member of Watermark Solutions, LLC (investment compliance and consulting) since March 2007.

 

N/A

N/A

Bo James Howell

(38)

Assistant Secretary

Indefinite, Since December 2019

Attorney, Practus, LLP, (law firm), May

2018 to present; CEO, CCO Technology, LLC (d/b/a Joot), June 2018 to present; Founder, Joot (investment

management compliance and consulting),

June 2018 to present; Director of Fund

Administration of Ultimus Fund

Solutions, LLC from 2012-2018.

N/A

N/A

 

 

17 

 

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

 

The Board of Trustees oversees the Trust and certain aspects of the services provided by the Adviser and the Funds’ other service providers.  Each Trustee will hold office until their successors have been duly elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal. Each officer of the Trust serves at the pleasure of the Board and for a term of one year or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified.

 

The Trust has a standing Audit Committee of the Board composed of Mr. Urban, Ms. Ivey, Mr. Pitt and Mr. Farragher.  The functions of the Audit Committee are to meet with the Trust’s independent auditors to review the scope and findings of the annual audit, discuss the Trust’s accounting policies, discuss any recommendations of the independent auditors with respect to the Trust’s management practices, review the impact of changes in accounting standards on the Trust’s financial statements, recommend to the Board the selection of independent registered public accounting firm, and perform such other duties as may be assigned to the Audit Committee by the Board.  Because the Trust has not commenced operations, the Audit Committee did not meet during the period.

 

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is comprised of Mr. Urban, Ms. Ivey, Mr. Pitt and Mr. Farragher.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee’s purposes, duties and powers are set forth in its written charter, which is described in Exhibit C – the charter also describes the process by which shareholders of the Trust may make nominations.  Because the Trust has not commenced operations, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee did not meet during the period.

 

The Valuation Committee is comprised of Mr. Urban, Ms. Ivey, Mr. Pitt and Mr. Farragher.  The Valuation Committee meets as needed in the event that the Funds hold any securities that are subject to valuation and it reviews the fair valuation of such securities on an as needed basis. Because the Trust has not commenced operations, the Valuation Committee did not meet during the period.   

 

The Qualified Legal Compliance Committee is comprised of Mr. Urban, Ms. Ivey, Mr. Pitt and Mr. Farragher. The Qualified Legal Compliance Committee receives, investigates, and makes recommendations as to the appropriate remedial action in connection with any report of evidence of a material violation of the securities laws or breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Trust, its officers, Trustees, or agents.  Because the Trust has not commenced operations, the Qualified Legal Compliance Committee did not meet during the period.

 

Trustee Compensation.  Each Trustee who is not an “interested person” of the Trust may receive compensation for their services to the Trust.  All Trustees are reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings.  Each Trustee receives a retainer fee at the annualized rate of $7,500.  Additionally, each Trustee may receive a fee of $2,500 per special in person meeting and $1,500per special telephonic meeting.  Because the Trust has not commenced operations, the Trustees did not receive any compensation for the period.

 

18 

 

 

Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares – The table below shows for each Trustee, the amount of Fund equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee, and the aggregate value of all investments in equity securities of the Funds of the Trust, as of April _____, 2020, and stated as one of the following ranges:  A = None; B = $1-$10,000; C = $10,001-$50,000; D = $50,001-$100,000; and E = over $100,000. 

 

Name of Trustee

Dollar Range of Equity Securities
in the Funds

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in all Registered Investment Companies Overseen by the Trustees in Family of Investment Companies

Non-Interested Trustees

 

 

David J. Urban

A

A

Mary Lou H. Ivey

A

A

Theo H. Pitt, Jr.

A

A

Kevin Farragher

A

A

 

Sales Loads. No front-end or deferred sales charges are applied to purchase of Fund shares by current or former trustees, officers, employees or agents of the Trust, the Adviser or the principal underwriter and by the members of their immediate families. No front-end or deferred sales charges are applied to the purchase of Shares.

 

Policies Concerning Personal Investment Activities. The Funds, the Adviser and the Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics, pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that permit investment personnel, subject to their particular code of ethics, to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds, for their own account.

 

The Codes of Ethics are on file with, and can be reviewed and copied at the SEC Public Reference Room in Washington, D. C. In addition, the Codes of Ethics are also available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

Proxy Voting Policies. The Trust is required to disclose information concerning the Funds’ proxy voting policies and procedures to shareholders. The Board has delegated to Adviser the responsibility for decisions regarding proxy voting for securities held by the Funds. The Adviser will vote such proxies in accordance with its proxy policies and procedures, which have been reviewed by the Board. The proxy voting policy for the Trust can be found in Exhibit A and the proxy voting policy of the Adviser can be found in Exhibit B. Any material changes to the proxy policies and procedures will be submitted to the Board for approval. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities for the most recent 12-month period ending June 30, will be available (1) without charge, upon request by calling 800-673-0550; and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SECURITIES HOLDERS

 

A principal shareholder is any person who owns (either of record or beneficially) 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund. A control person is one who owns, either directly or indirectly, more than 25% of the voting securities of a Fund or acknowledges the existence of such control. As a controlling shareholder, each of these persons could control the outcome of any proposal submitted to the shareholders for approval, including changes to a Fund’s fundamental policies or the terms of the management agreement with the Adviser.

 

19 

 

 

The Funds have not yet commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.

 

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

 

Calculation of Share Price

 

The net asset value (“NAV”) of a Fund’s shares is determined by dividing the total value of a Fund’s portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of a Fund.

 

Generally, the Funds’ domestic securities (including underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign (non-U.S.) exchanges) are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security’s primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the mean between the current bid and ask prices on such exchange. Securities primarily traded in the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined in good faith by the Funds’ fair value committee in accordance with procedures approved by the Board and as further described below. Securities that are not traded or dealt in any securities exchange (whether domestic or foreign) and for which over-the-counter market quotations are readily available generally shall be valued at the last sale price or, in the absence of a sale, at the mean between the current bid and ask price on such over-the- counter market.

 

Certain securities or investments for which daily market quotes are not readily available may be valued, pursuant to guidelines established by the Board, with reference to other securities or indices. Debt securities not traded on an exchange may be valued at prices supplied by a pricing agent(s) based on broker or dealer supplied valuations or matrix pricing, a method of valuing securities by reference to the value of other securities with similar characteristics, such as rating, interest rate and maturity. Short-term investments having a maturity of 60 days or less may be generally valued at amortized cost when it approximated fair value.

 

Exchange traded options are valued at the last quoted sales price or, in the absence of a sale, at the mean between the current bid and ask prices on the exchange on which such options are traded. Futures and options on futures are valued at the settlement price determined by the exchange, or, if no settlement price is available, at the last sale price as of the close of business prior to when the Funds calculate NAV. Other securities for which market quotes are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or persons acting at their direction. Swap agreements and other derivatives are generally valued daily depending on the type of instrument and reference assets based upon market prices, the mean between bid and asked prices quotations from market makers or by a pricing service or other parties in accordance with the valuation procedures approved by the Board.

 

20 

 

Under certain circumstances, the Fund may use an independent pricing service to calculate the fair market value of foreign equity securities on a daily basis by applying valuation factors to the last sale price or the mean price as noted above. The fair market values supplied by the independent pricing service will generally reflect market trading that occurs after the close of the applicable foreign markets of comparable securities or the value of other instruments that have a strong correlation to the fair-valued securities. The independent pricing service will also take into account the current relevant currency exchange rate. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Because foreign securities may trade on days when Shares are not priced, the value of securities held by the Funds can change on days when Shares cannot be redeemed or purchased. In the event that a foreign security’s market quotations are not readily available or are deemed unreliable (for reasons other than because the foreign exchange on which it trades closed before the Funds’ calculation of NAV), the security will be valued at its fair market value as determined in good faith by the Funds’ fair value committee in accordance with procedures approved by the Board as discussed below. Without fair valuation, it is possible that short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Funds’ portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that it will prevent dilution of the Funds’ NAV by short-term traders. In addition, because the Funds may invest in underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign (non-U.S.) exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the underlying ETFs do not price their shares, the value of these portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Shares.

 

Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services or other parties in accordance with the valuation procedures approved by the Board. As a result, the NAV of the Shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the Exchange is closed and an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange Shares.

 

Shares are valued at the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) (the “Exchange Close”) on each day that the Exchange is open. For purposes of calculating the NAV, the Fund normally use pricing data for domestic equity securities received shortly after the Exchange Close and does not normally take into account trading, clearances or settlements that take place after the Exchange Close. Domestic fixed income and foreign securities are normally priced using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities. Information that becomes known to the Funds or its agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security or the NAV determined earlier that day.

 

When market quotations are insufficient or not readily available, the Funds may value securities at fair value or estimate their value as determined in good faith by the Board or its designees, pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Fair valuation may also be used by the Board if extraordinary events occur after the close of the relevant market but prior to the Exchange Close.

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PURCHASES AND SALES

 

PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS

 

Creation Units

 

The Trust issues and sells Shares of each Fund only in Creation Units on a continuous basis on any business day through the Distributor or transfer agent at the Shares’ NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. The Distributor or transfer agent processes purchase orders only on a day that the Exchange is open for trading (a “Business Day”). The Exchange is open for trading Monday through Friday except for the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

 

21 

 

 

Generally, the Trust will issue and sell Creation Units at NAV for “in kind” consideration, meaning the initiator of a creation or redemption order will deposit or receive as consideration a portfolio of all or some of the securities held in the relevant Fund’s portfolio, plus a cash amount (an “In Kind Creation” and “In Kind Redemption”). At the discretion of the Advisor, the Fund may elect at any time, and from time to time, that the consideration for the purchase and redemption of Creation Units will be made entirely in a cash amount equal to the NAV of the shares that constitute the Creation Unit(s) (an “All Cash Amount”).

 

Creation Orders

 

The consideration for an In Kind Creation generally consists of the Deposit Securities for each Creation Unit constituting a substantial replication, or representation, of the securities included in the relevant Fund’s portfolio as selected by the Advisor (“Fund Securities”) and the Cash Component computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” which represents the minimum investment amount for a Creation Unit of a Fund. The Cash Component serves to compensate the Trust or the Authorized Participant, as applicable, for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount (as defined below). The Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares (per Creation Unit) and the “Deposit Amount,” an amount equal to the market value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will receive the Cash Component.

 

In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash (that is a “cash in lieu” amount) to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (discussed below) or for other similar reasons. The Trust also reserves the right to permit or require a “cash in lieu” amount where the delivery of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be restricted under the securities laws or where delivery of Deposit Securities to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant becoming restricted under the securities laws, and in certain other situations.

 

The Custodian through the NSCC (see the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Procedures for Creation of Creation Units”), makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m. New York time), the list of the name and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security (if any) to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for each Fund. This Fund Deposit is applicable, subject to any adjustments as described below, to orders to effect creations of Creation Units of the Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available, or unless the Advisor elects to receive an All Cash Amount in connection with the creation of Creation Units.

 

22 

 

 

The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities required for a Fund Deposit for each Fund changes as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected within the Fund from time to time by the Advisor, with a view to the investment objective of the Fund. In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit the substitution of an amount of cash – i.e., a “cash in lieu” amount – to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security that may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (discussed below), or which might not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant (as defined below) or the investor for which it is acting or other relevant reason. In addition to the list of names and number of securities constituting the current Deposit Securities of a Fund Deposit, the Custodian, through the NSCC, also makes available on each Business Day the estimated Cash Component, effective through and including the previous Business Day, per outstanding Creation Unit of the Fund.

 

The process for a creation order involving an All Cash Amount will be the same as the process for an In Kind Creation, except that the Cash Component will be the entirety of the amount deposited as consideration for the Creation Unit(s).

 

Procedures for Creation of Creation Units

 

All orders to create Creation Units must be placed with the Distributor or transfer agent either (1) through Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (“Clearing Process”), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC, by a “Participating Party,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the Clearing Process; or (2) outside the Clearing Process by a DTC Participant. In each case, the Participating Party or the DTC Participant must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (“Participant Agreement”); such parties are collectively referred to as “APs” or “Authorized Participants.” Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants. All Fund Shares, whether created through or outside the Clearing Process, will be entered on the records of DTC for the account of a DTC Participant.

 

The Distributor or transfer agent will process orders to purchase Creation Units received by U.S. mail, telephone, facsimile and other electronic means of communication by the closing time of the regular trading session on the Exchange (“Closing Time”) (normally 4:00 p.m. New York time), as long as they are in proper form. Mail is received periodically throughout the day. An order sent by U.S. mail will be opened and time stamped when it is received. If an order to purchase Creation Units is received in proper form by Closing Time, then it will be processed that day. Purchase orders received in proper form after Closing Time will be processed on the following Business Day and will be priced at the NAV determined on that day. Custom orders must be received by the Distributor or transfer agent no later than 3:00 p.m. New York time on the trade date. In the case of an In Kind Creation, a custom order may be placed by an Authorized Participant in the event that the Trust permits the substitution of an amount of cash to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or which may not be eligible for trading by such Authorized Participant or the investor for which it is acting or other relevant reason. The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the “Transmittal Date.” Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor or transfer agent pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below in the sections of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process” and “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process.”

 

23 

 

All orders to create Creation Units from investors who are not Authorized Participants shall be placed with an Authorized Participant in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, the Authorized Participant may request the investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order, e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required. Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and, therefore, orders to create Creation Units of a Fund have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. In such cases there may be additional charges to such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of broker-dealers that have executed a Participant Agreement.

 

Those placing orders for Creation Units through the Clearing Process should afford sufficient time to permit proper submission of the order to the Distributor or transfer agent prior to the Closing Time on the Transmittal Date. Orders for Creation Units that are effected outside the Clearing Process are likely to require transmittal by the DTC Participant earlier on the Transmittal Date than orders effected using the Clearing Process. Those persons placing orders outside the Clearing Process should ascertain the deadlines applicable to DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depository institution effectuating such transfer of the Fund Deposit. For more information about Clearing Process and DTC, see the sections of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process” and “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process.”

 

Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process

 

The Clearing Process is the process of creating or redeeming Creation Units through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC. All Fund Deposits and/or Cash Component, as applicable, made through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed a Participant Agreement. The Participant Agreement authorizes the Distributor or transfer agent to transmit through the Custodian to NSCC, on behalf of the Participating Party, such trade instructions as are necessary to effect the Participating Party’s creation order. Pursuant to such trade instructions to NSCC, the Participating Party agrees to deliver the requisite Fund Deposits and/or Cash Component, as applicable, to the Trust, together with such additional information as may be required by the Distributor or transfer agent. An order to create Creation Units through the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor or transfer agent not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.

 

Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process

 

All Fund Deposits and/or Cash Component, as applicable, made outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Units will instead be effected through a transfer of cash and securities directly through DTC. The Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant on the Transmittal Date in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Fund by no later than 11:00 a.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date (“DTC Cut-Off-Time”).

 

24 

 

 

All questions as to the amount of an All Cash Amount, the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, or the amount of a Cash Component, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The amount of cash equal to the Cash Component (including All Cash Amounts) must be transferred directly to the Custodian through the Federal Reserve Bank wire transfer system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Custodian no later than 2:00 p.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date. An order to create Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor or transfer agent not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Custodian does not receive both the requisite Deposit Securities and the Cash Component or the All Cash Amount, as applicable, by 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., respectively, on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date, such order will be canceled. Upon written notice to the Distributor or transfer agent, such canceled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposits and/or Cash Components as newly constituted to reflect the then-current Deposit Securities and Cash Component, or the All Cash Amount, as applicable. The delivery of Creation Units so created will occur no later than the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent.

 

Additional transaction fees may be imposed with respect to transactions effected through a DTC participant outside the Clearing Process and in the limited circumstances in which any cash can be used in lieu of Deposit Securities to create Creation Units. See the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Sale of Creation Units—Creation Transaction Fee.”

 

Creation Units of an In-Kind Creation may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the Fund Shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (1) the Cash Component plus (2) 125% of the then-current market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (“Additional Cash Deposit”). The order shall be deemed to be received on the Business Day on which the order is placed provided that the order is placed in proper form prior to Closing Time and funds in the appropriate amount are deposited with the Custodian by 11:00 a.m. New York time the following Business Day. If the order is not placed in proper form by Closing Time or funds in the appropriate amount are not received by 11:00 a.m. the next Business Day, then the order may be deemed to be canceled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Trust, pending receipt of the undelivered Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 125% of the daily marked-to-market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities. To the extent that undelivered Deposit Securities are not received by 1:00 p.m. New York time on the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent, or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification by the Distributor or transfer agent that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the undelivered Deposit Securities. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Trust and the Fund for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the day the purchase order was deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the undelivered Deposit Securities have been properly received by the Custodian or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee will be charged in all cases. See the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Creation Transaction Fee.” The delivery of Creation Units so created will occur no later than the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent.

 

25 

 

Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units

 

The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor or transfer agent if: (1) the order is not in proper form; (2) if the Cash Component paid is incorrect; (3) the investor(s), upon obtaining the Fund Shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding Shares of any Fund; (4) the Deposit Securities delivered are not as disseminated for that date by the Custodian, as described above; (5) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Fund; (6) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (7) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or the Advisor, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (8) there exist circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Custodian, transfer agent, the Distributor and the Advisor that make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God; public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, the Advisor, the Distributor or transfer agent, DTC, NSCC, the Custodian or sub-custodian or any other participant in the creation process and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor or transfer agent shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such prospective creator of its rejection of the order. The Trust, the Custodian, any sub-custodian, the transfer agent and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.

 

Creation Units typically are issued on a “T+2 basis” (that is, two Business Days after trade date).

 

To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participant’s agreement with the Distributor, the Trust will issue Creation Units of an In Kind Creation to such Authorized Participant notwithstanding the fact that the corresponding Portfolio Deposits have not been received in part or in whole, in reliance on the undertaking of the Authorized Participant to deliver the missing Deposit Securities as soon as possible, which undertaking shall be secured by such Authorized Participant’s delivery and maintenance of collateral having a value equal to 110%, which the Advisor may change from time to time, of the value of the missing Deposit Securities in accordance with the Trust’s then-effective procedures. Such collateral must be delivered no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the contractual settlement date. The only collateral that is acceptable to the Trust is cash in U.S. Dollars or an irrevocable letter of credit in form, and drawn on a bank, that is satisfactory to the Trust. The cash collateral posted by the Authorized Participant may be invested at the risk of the Authorized Participant, and income, if any, on invested cash collateral will be paid to that Authorized Participant.

 

Information concerning the Trust’s current procedures for collateralization of missing Deposit Securities is available from the Distributor or transfer agent. The Authorized Participant Agreement will permit the Trust to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such securities and the cash collateral or the amount that may be drawn under any letter of credit.

 

In certain cases, Authorized Participants will create and redeem Creation Units (whether by In Kind Creation/Redemption or for an All Cash Amount) on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis. All questions as to the amount of cash required to be delivered, the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered, as applicable, shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.

 

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Creation Transaction Fee

 

Authorized Participants will be required to pay to the Custodian a fixed transaction fee (“Creation Transaction Fee”) in connection with creation orders that is intended to offset the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance of Creation Units. The standard creation transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by an investor on the applicable Business Day. The Creation Transaction Fee charged by each Fund for each creation order is $500.

 

An additional variable fee of up to three (3) times the fixed Transaction Fee plus all commission and fees payable to the Fund in connection with the purchase of the Deposit Securities (expressed as a percentage of the value of such Deposit Securities) may be imposed for (1) creations effected outside the Clearing Process and (2) creations made in an All Cash Amount (to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with using cash to purchase the requisite Deposit Securities). Investors are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the account of the Trust.

 

In order to seek to replicate the In Kind Creation order process for creation orders executed in whole or in part with cash, the Trust expects to purchase, in the secondary market or otherwise gain exposure to, the portfolio securities that could have been delivered as a result of an In Kind Creation order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“Creation Market Purchases”). In such cases where the Trust makes Creation Market Purchases, the Authorized Participant will reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were purchased by the Trust and the cash-in-lieu amount, applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes.

 

The Creation Transaction Fee may be waived for a Fund when the Advisor believes that waiver of the Creation Transaction Fee is in the best interest of the Fund. When determining whether to waive the Creation Transaction Fee, the Advisor considers a number of factors including whether waiving the Creation Transaction Fee will: facilitate the initial launch of a Fund; facilitate portfolio rebalancings in a less costly manner; improve the quality of the secondary trading market for a Fund’s shares; and not result in a Fund bearing additional costs or expenses as a result of the waiver.

 

Redemption Orders

 

The process to redeem Creation Units is essentially the reverse of the process by which Creation Units are created, as described above. To redeem Shares directly from the Funds, an investor must be an Authorized Participant or must redeem through an Authorized Participant. The Trust redeems Creation Units on a continuous basis on any Business Day through the Distributor or transfer agent at the Shares’ NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. A Fund will not redeem Shares in amounts less than Creation Units. Authorized Participants must accumulate enough Shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such Shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit.

 

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Generally, Creation Units of the Funds will also be redeemed at NAV principally in kind, although the Funds reserve the right to redeem for an All Cash Amount, in each case less a transaction fee as described below. With respect to In Kind Redemptions, the Custodian, through the NSCC, makes available prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m. New York time) on each Business Day, the identity of the Fund Securities that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as described below) on that day. Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Units. The redemption proceeds for an In Kind Redemption of a Creation Unit consists of Fund Securities – as announced on the Business Day the request for redemption is received in proper form – plus or minus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a redemption request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities (“Cash Redemption Amount”), less a redemption transaction fee (see the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Redemption Transaction Fee”).

 

The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to any Fund (1) for any period during which the Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the Shares of the Fund or determination of a Fund’s NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstances as is permitted by the SEC.

 

Deliveries of redemption proceeds by the Fund generally will be made within two Business Days (that is “T+2”). However, as discussed in Appendix B, the Fund reserves the right to settle redemption transactions and deliver redemption proceeds on a basis other than T+2 to accommodate foreign market holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and dividend ex-dates (that is the last date the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security sold), and in certain other circumstances.

 

The process for a redemption order involving an All Cash Amount will be the same as the process for an In-Kind Redemption, except that the proceeds of the redemption will be paid entirely in cash. Proceeds of redemptions of Creation Units payable in an All Cash Amount will be paid to the Authorized Participant redeeming Shares on behalf of the redeeming investor as soon as practicable after the date of redemption (within seven calendar days thereafter).

 

Placement of Redemption Orders Using the Clearing Process

 

Orders to redeem Creation Units through the Clearing Process must be delivered through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. Investors other than Authorized Participants are responsible for making arrangements with an Authorized Participant for an order to redeem. An order to redeem Creation Units is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if: (1) such order is received by the Distributor or the transfer agent not later than Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. Such order will be effected based on the NAV of the relevant Fund as next determined. An order to redeem Creation Units using the Clearing Process made in proper form but received by the Distributor or transfer agent after Closing Time will be deemed received on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date and will be effected at the NAV determined on such next Business Day. The requisite Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, will be transferred by the third NSCC business day following the date on which such request for redemption is deemed received.

  

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Placement of Redemption Orders Outside the Clearing Process

 

Orders to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Units will instead be effected through transfer of Fund Shares directly through DTC. An order to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor or transfer agent not later than Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; (2) such order is accompanied or followed by the requisite number of Fund Shares, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Custodian no later than the DTC Cut-Off-Time, and the Cash Redemption Amount, if owed to the Fund, which delivery must be made by 2:00 p.m. New York Time; and (3) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. After the Distributor or transfer agent receives an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process, the Distributor or transfer agent will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities which are expected to be delivered and the Cash Redemption Amount, if any, by the third Business Day following the Transmittal Date.

 

The calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, to be delivered or received upon redemption (by the Authorized Participant or the Trust, as applicable) will be made by the Custodian according to the procedures set forth the section of this SAI entitled “Determination of Net Asset Value” computed on the Business Day on which a redemption order is deemed received by the Distributor or transfer agent. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted to the Distributor or transfer agent by a DTC Participant not later than Closing Time on the Transmittal Date, and the requisite number of Shares of the Fund are delivered to the Custodian prior to the DTC Cut-Off-Time, then the value of the Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, to be delivered or received (by the Authorized Participant or the Trust, as applicable) will be determined by the Custodian on such Transmittal Date. If, however, either (1) the requisite number of Shares of the relevant Fund are not delivered by the DTC Cut-Off-Time, as described above, or (2) the redemption order is not submitted in proper form, then the redemption order will not be deemed received as of the Transmittal Date. In such case, the value of the Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, to be delivered or received will be computed on the Business Day following the Transmittal Date provided that the Fund Shares of the relevant Fund are delivered through DTC to the Custodian by 11:00 a.m. New York time the following Business Day pursuant to a properly submitted redemption order.

 

The Trust may in its discretion at any time, or from time to time, exercise its option to redeem Fund Shares solely for consideration in the form of an All Cash Amount, and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in cash that the Trust may permit, in its sole discretion. In either case, the investor will receive an All Cash Amount payment equal to the NAV of its Fund Shares based on the NAV of Shares of the relevant Fund next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a transaction fee which will include an additional charge for cash redemptions to offset the Fund’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities). A Fund may also, in its sole discretion, upon request of a shareholder, provide such redeemer a portfolio of securities that differs from the exact composition of the Fund Securities, or cash in lieu of some securities added to the Cash Redemption Amount, but in no event will the total value of the securities delivered and the cash transmitted differ from the NAV. Redemptions of Fund Shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and the Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws.

 

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An Authorized Participant or an investor for which it is acting that is subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities applicable to the redemption of a Creation Unit may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request the redeeming Beneficial Owner of the Fund Shares to complete an order form or to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash payment, beneficial ownership of shares or delivery instructions.

 

Redemption Transaction Fee

 

Investors will be required to pay to the Custodian a fixed transaction fee (“Redemption Transaction Fee”) to offset the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the redemption of Creation Units. The standard redemption transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed by an investor on the applicable Business Day. The Redemption Transaction Fee charged by each Fund for each redemption order is $500.

 

An additional variable fee of up to three (3) times the fixed Transaction Fee plus all commission and fees payable to the Fund in connection with the sale of the Fund Securities (expressed as a percentage value of such Fund Securities) may be imposed for (1) redemptions effected outside the Clearing Process and (2) redemptions made in an All Cash Amount (to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the sale of Fund Securities). Investors will also bear the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Trust to their account or on their order.

 

In order to seek to replicate the In Kind Redemption order process for creation orders executed in whole or in part with cash, the Trust expects to sell, in the secondary market, the portfolio securities or settle any financial instruments that may not be permitted to be re-registered in the name of the Participating Party as a result of an In Kind Redemption order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“Market Sales”). In such cases where the Trust makes Market Sales, the Authorized Participant will reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were sold or settled by the Trust and the cash-in-lieu amount, applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes.

 

Regardless of form, the Redemption Transaction Fee (including any reimbursements related to in cash redemptions or additional variable fees for In Kind Redemptions) will be limited in accordance with the requirements of the SEC applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities (currently, no more than 2% of the value of the shares redeemed).

 

The Redemption Transaction Fee may be waived for a Fund when the Advisor believes that waiver of the Redemption Transaction Fee is in the best interest of the Fund. When determining whether to waive the Redemption Transaction Fee, the Advisor considers a number of factors including whether waiving the Redemption Transaction Fee will: facilitate portfolio rebalancings in a less costly manner; improve the quality of the secondary trading market for a Fund’s shares; and not result in a Fund bearing additional costs or expenses as a result of the waiver.

 

ADDITIONAL PAYMENTS TO FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

 

The Adviser and its affiliates may, out of its own resources and without additional cost to the Funds or their shareholders, pay a solicitation fee to securities dealers or other financial intermediaries (collectively, a “Financial Intermediary.”)

 

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TAXES

 

The following discussion is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Funds and their shareholders.  The discussion reflects applicable federal income tax laws of the U.S. as of the date of this SAI, which tax laws may be changed or subject to new interpretations by the courts or the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), possibly with retroactive effect.  No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of all U.S. income, estate or gift tax, or foreign, state or local tax concerns affecting the Funds and their shareholders (including shareholders owning large positions in the Funds).  The discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice.  Investors are urged to consult their own tax advisers to determine the tax consequences to them of investing in the Funds.

 

In addition, no attempt is made to address tax concerns applicable to an investor with a special tax status such as a financial institution, real estate investment trust, insurance company, regulated investment company (“RIC”), individual retirement account, other tax-exempt entity, dealer in securities or non-U.S. investor.  Furthermore, this discussion does not reflect possible application of the alternative minimum tax (“AMT”).  Unless otherwise noted, this discussion assumes shares of the Funds are held by U.S. shareholders and that such shares are held as capital assets.

 

 A U.S. shareholder is a beneficial owner of shares of the Funds that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

 

a citizen or individual resident of the United States (including certain former citizens and former long-term residents);

 

a corporation or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

a trust with respect to which a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. shareholders have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions or the trust has made a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

 

 A “Non-U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of shares of the Funds that is an individual, corporation, trust or estate and is not a U.S. shareholder.  If a partnership (including any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds shares of the Funds, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership generally depends upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership.  A prospective shareholder who is a partner of a partnership holding the Fund shares should consult its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of its Fund shares.

 

Taxation as a RIC.  The Funds intend to qualify and remain qualified as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”).  A Fund will qualify as a RIC if, among other things, it meets the source-of-income and the asset-diversification requirements.  With respect to the source-of-income requirement, a Fund must derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income (including tax-exempt interest) from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures and forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such shares, securities or currencies and (ii) net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership.”  A “qualified publicly traded partnership” is generally defined as a publicly traded partnership under Internal Revenue Code section 7704.  However, for these purposes, a qualified publicly traded partnership does not include a publicly traded partnership if 90% or more of its income is described in (i) above.  Income derived from a partnership (other than a qualified publicly traded partnership) or trust is qualifying income to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership or trust which would be qualifying income if realized by the Funds in the same manner as realized by the partnership or trust. 

 

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If a RIC fails this 90% source-of-income test as long as such failure was due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect it is no longer subject to a corporate level tax.  Instead, the amount of the penalty for non-compliance is the amount by which the non-qualifying income exceeds one-ninth of the qualifying gross income. 

 

 With respect to the asset-diversification requirement, the Funds must diversify their holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year (i) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, the securities of other RICs and other securities, if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested in the securities other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other RICs of (a) one issuer, (b) two or more issuers that are controlled by the Fund and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or (c) one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.

 

 If a RIC fails this asset-diversification test, such RIC, in addition to other cure provisions previously permitted, has a 6-month period to correct any failure without incurring a penalty if such failure is “de minimis,” meaning that the failure does not exceed the lesser of 1% of the RIC’s assets, or $10 million.  Such cure right is similar to that previously and currently permitted for a REIT. 

 

Similarly, if a RIC fails this asset-diversification test and the failure is not de minimis, a RIC can cure failure if: (a) the RIC files with the Treasury Department a description of each asset that causes the RIC to fail the diversification tests; (b) the failure is due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect; and (c) the failure is cured within six months (or such other period specified by the Treasury).  In such cases, a tax is imposed on the RIC equal to the greater of: (a) $50,000 or (b) an amount determined by multiplying the highest rate of tax (currently 21%) by the amount of net income generated during the period of diversification test failure by the assets that caused the RIC to fail the diversification test.

 

If the Funds qualify as a RIC and distribute to their shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” as that term is defined in the Internal Revenue Code (which includes, among other things, dividends, taxable interest, the excess of any net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses and certain net foreign exchange gains as reduced by certain deductible expenses) without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, and (ii) the excess of its gross tax-exempt interest, if any, over certain deductions attributable to such interest that are otherwise disallowed, the Funds will be relieved of U.S. federal income tax on any income of the Funds, including long-term capital gains, distributed to shareholders.  However, any ordinary income or capital gain retained by the Funds will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate federal income tax rates (currently at a maximum rate of 21%).  The Funds intend to distribute at least annually substantially all of their investment company taxable income, net tax-exempt interest, and net capital gain.

 

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 The Funds will generally be subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on the portion of its undistributed ordinary income with respect to each calendar year and undistributed capital gains if it fails to meet certain distribution requirements with respect to the one-year period ending on October 31 in that calendar year.  To avoid the 4% federal excise tax, the required minimum distribution is generally equal to the sum of (i) 98% of a Fund’s ordinary income (computed on a calendar year basis), (ii) 98.2% of a Fund’s capital gain net income (generally computed for the one-year period ending on October 31) and (iii) any income realized, but not distributed, and on which we paid no federal income tax in preceding years.  The Funds generally intend to make distributions in a timely manner in an amount at least equal to the required minimum distribution and therefore, under normal market conditions, does not expect to be subject to this excise tax.

 

The Funds may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances in which it does not receive cash.  For example, if the Funds hold debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having original issue discount (such as debt instruments with payment in kind interest or, in certain cases, with increasing interest rates or that are issued with warrants), the Funds must include in income each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the life of the obligation regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by the Funds in the same taxable year.  Because any original issue discount accrued will be included in the Funds’ “investment company taxable income” (discussed above) for the year of accrual, the Funds may be required to make a distribution to its shareholders to satisfy the distribution requirement, even though it will not have received an amount of cash that corresponds with the income earned.

 

To the extent that the Funds have capital loss carryforwards from prior tax years, those carryforwards will reduce the net capital gains that can support a Fund’s distribution of Capital Gain Dividends. If the Funds use net capital losses incurred in taxable years beginning on or before December 22, 2010 (pre-2011 losses), those carryforwards will not reduce a Fund’s current earnings and profits, as losses incurred in later years will. As a result, if the Funds then makes distributions of capital gains recognized during the current year in excess of net capital gains (as reduced by carryforwards), the portion of the excess equal to pre-2011 losses factoring into net capital gain will be taxable as an ordinary dividend distribution, even though that distributed excess amount would not have been subject to tax if retained by the Funds. Capital loss carryforwards are reduced to the extent they offset current-year net realized capital gains, whether the Funds retain or distribute such gains.  Beginning in 2011, a RIC is permitted to carry forward net capital losses indefinitely and may allow losses to retain their original character (as short or as long-term).  For net capital losses recognized prior to such date, such losses are permitted to be carried forward up to 8 years and are characterized as short-term.  These capital loss carryforwards may be utilized in future years to offset net realized capital gains of the Funds, if any, prior to distributing such gains to shareholders.

 

 Except as set forth in “Failure to Qualify as a RIC,” the remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund will qualify as a RIC for each taxable year.

 

 Failure to Qualify as a RIC.  If the Funds are unable to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement or otherwise fail to qualify as a RIC in any year, they will be subject to corporate level income tax on all of its income and gain, regardless of whether or not such income was distributed.  Distributions to a Fund’s shareholders of such income and gain will not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable income.  In such event, a Fund’s distributions, to the extent derived from the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, would constitute ordinary dividends, which would generally be eligible for the dividends received deduction available to corporate shareholders, and non-corporate shareholders would generally be able to treat such distributions as “qualified dividend income” eligible for reduced rates of U.S. federal income taxation, if holding period and other requirements are satisfied.

 

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Distributions in excess of a Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholders’ tax basis in their Fund shares, and any remaining distributions would be treated as a capital gain.  To qualify as a RIC in a subsequent taxable year, the Funds would be required to satisfy the source-of-income, the asset diversification, and the annual distribution requirements for that year and dispose of any earnings and profits from any year in which the Funds failed to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC.  Subject to a limited exception applicable to RICs that qualified as such under the Internal Revenue Code for at least one year prior to disqualification and that requalify as a RIC no later than the second year following the nonqualifying year, the Funds would be subject to tax on any unrealized built-in gains in the assets held by it during the period in which the Funds failed to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC that are recognized within the subsequent 10 years, unless the Funds made a special election to pay corporate-level tax on such built-in gain at the time of its requalification as a RIC.

 

Taxation for U.S. Shareholders.  Distributions paid to U.S. shareholders by a Fund from its investment company taxable income (which is, generally, the Fund’s ordinary income plus net realized short-term capital gains in excess of net realized long-term capital losses) are generally taxable to U.S. shareholders as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares.  Such distributions (if designated by the Fund) may qualify (i) for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders under Section 243 of the Internal Revenue Code to the extent that the Fund’s income consists of dividend income from U.S. corporations, excluding distributions from tax-exempt organizations, exempt farmers’ cooperatives or real estate investment trusts or (ii) in the case of individual shareholders, as qualified dividend income eligible to be taxed at reduced rates under Section 1(h)(11) of the Internal Revenue Code (which provides for a maximum 20% rate) to the extent that the Fund receives qualified dividend income, and provided in each case certain holding period and other requirements are met.  Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from taxable domestic corporations and qualified foreign corporations (e.g., generally, foreign corporations incorporated in a possession of the United States or in certain countries with a qualified comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States, or the stock with respect to which such dividend is paid is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States).  A qualified foreign corporation generally excludes any foreign corporation, which for the taxable year of the corporation in which the dividend was paid, or the preceding taxable year, is a passive foreign investment company.  Distributions made to a U.S. shareholder from an excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses (“capital gain dividends”), including capital gain dividends credited to such shareholder but retained by the Funds, are taxable to such shareholder as long-term capital gain if they have been properly designated by the Funds, regardless of the length of time such shareholder owned the shares of the Funds.  The maximum tax rate on capital gain dividends received by individuals is generally 20%.  Distributions in excess of a Fund’s earnings and profits will be treated by the U.S. shareholder, first, as a tax-free return of capital, which is applied against and will reduce the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. shareholder’s shares and, after such adjusted tax basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gain to the U.S. shareholder (assuming the shares are held as a capital asset).  The Funds are not required to provide written notice designating the amount of any qualified dividend income or capital gain dividends and other distributions.  The Forms 1099 will instead serve this notice purpose.

 

As a RIC, the Funds will be subject to the AMT, but any items that are treated differently for AMT purposes must be apportioned between the Funds and the shareholders and this may affect the shareholders’ AMT liabilities.  The Funds intend in general to apportion these items in the same proportion that dividends paid to each shareholder bear to the Fund’s taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction).

 

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For purpose of determining (i) whether the annual distribution requirement is satisfied for any year and (ii) the amount of capital gain dividends paid for that year, the Funds may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a dividend that is paid during the following taxable year as if it had been paid during the taxable year in question.  If the Funds make such an election, the U.S. shareholder will still be treated as receiving the dividend in the taxable year in which the distribution is made.  However, any dividend declared by the Funds in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following year, will be treated as if it had been received by the U.S. shareholders on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.

 

The Funds intend to distribute all realized capital gains, if any, at least annually.  If, however, the Funds were to retain any net capital gain, the Funds may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to shareholders who, if subject to U.S. federal income tax on long-term capital gains, (i) will be required to include in income as long-term capital gain, their proportionate shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the federal income tax paid by the Funds on the undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities.  If such an event occurs, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Funds will, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, generally be increased by the difference between the amount of undistributed net capital gain included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholders.

 

Sales of shares or redemption of creation units and other dispositions of the shares, such as exchanges, of the Funds generally are taxable events.  U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax adviser with reference to their individual circumstances to determine whether any particular transaction in the shares of the Funds are properly treated as a sale or exchange for federal income tax purposes, as the following discussion assumes, and the tax treatment of any gains or losses recognized in such transactions.  The sale of shares or redemption of creation units or other disposition of shares of the Funds will generally result in capital gain or loss to the shareholder equal to the difference between the amount realized and his adjusted tax basis in the shares sold or exchanged, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year at the time of sale.  Any loss upon the sale or exchange of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received (including amounts credited as an undistributed capital gain dividend) by such shareholder with respect to such shares.  A loss realized on a sale or exchange of shares of the Funds generally will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares are acquired within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the date that the shares are disposed.  In such case, the basis of the shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.  Present law taxes both long-term and short-term capital gain of corporations at the rates applicable to ordinary income of corporations.  For non-corporate taxpayers, short-term capital gain will currently be taxed at the rate applicable to ordinary income, while long-term capital gain generally will be taxed at a maximum rate of 20%.  Capital losses are subject to certain limitations.

 

An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize gain or loss from the exchange. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered plus the amount of cash paid for such Creation Units. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the sum of the aggregate market value of any securities received plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units and the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units. The IRS, however, may assert that an Authorized Participant which does not mark-to-market its holdings may not be permitted to currently deduct losses realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units under the rules governing “wash sales,” or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.

 

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Any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be treated as short-term capital gains or losses. Any loss realized upon a redemption of Creation Units held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions to the applicable Authorized Participant of long-term capital gains with respect to the Creation Units (including any amounts credited to the Authorized Participant as undistributed capital gains).

 

The Trust on behalf of the Fund has the right to reject an order for a purchase of Shares of the Fund if the purchaser (or group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the Shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding Shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, the Fund would have a basis in the securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If the Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the Shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding Shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or group of purchasers) may not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.

 

Persons purchasing or redeeming Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction and whether the wash sales rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.

 

Federal law requires that ETFs companies report their shareholders’ cost basis, gain/loss, and holding period to the Internal Revenue Service on the Funds’ shareholders’ Consolidated Form 1099s when “covered” securities are sold. Covered securities are any regulated investment company and/or dividend reinvestment plan shares acquired on or after January 1, 2012.

 

The Funds have chosen average cost as the standing (default) tax lot identification method for all shareholders. A tax lot identification method is the way the Funds will determine which specific shares are deemed to be sold when there are multiple purchases on different dates at differing net asset values, and the entire position is not sold at one time. The Funds have chosen average cost as its standing (default) tax lot identification method for all shareholders. The Funds’ standing tax lot identification method is the method covered shares will be reported on your Consolidated Form 1099 if you do not select a specific tax lot identification method. You may choose a method different than the Funds’ standing method and will be able to do so at the time of your purchase or upon the sale of covered shares. Please refer to the appropriate Internal Revenue Service regulations or consult your tax advisor with regard to your personal circumstances.

 

For those securities defined as “covered” under current Internal Revenue Service cost basis tax reporting regulations, the Funds are responsible for maintaining accurate cost basis and tax lot information for tax reporting purposes. The Funds are not responsible for the reliability or accuracy of the information for those securities that are not “covered.” The Funds and their service providers do not provide tax advice. You should consult independent sources, which may include a tax professional, with respect to any decisions you may make with respect to choosing a tax lot identification method.

 

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For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013, certain U.S. shareholders, including individuals and estates and trusts, will be subject to an additional 3.8% Medicare tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which should include dividends from the Funds and net gains from the disposition of shares of the Fund.  U.S. shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the implications of the additional Medicare tax resulting from an investment in the Funds.

 

Straddles. When a Fund enters into an offsetting position to limit the risk on another position, the “straddle” rules usually come into play. An option or other position entered into or held by a Fund in conjunction with any other position held by the Funds may constitute a “straddle” for Federal income tax purposes.  In general, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the character and timing of the Fund’s gains and losses with respect to straddle positions. The key features of the straddle rules are as follows:

 

A Fund may have to wait to deduct any losses. If a Fund has a capital gain in one position of a straddle and a capital loss in the other, the Funds may not recognize the loss for federal income tax purposes until the Fund disposes of both positions. This might occur, for example, if the Fund had a highly appreciated stock position and the Fund purchased protective put options (which give the Fund the right to sell the stock to someone else for a period of time at a predetermined price) to offset the risk. If the stock continued to increase in value and the put options expired worthless, the Fund must defer recognition of the loss on its put options until the Fund sells and recognizes the gain on the original, appreciated position.

 

A Fund’s capital gain holding period may get clipped. The moment a Fund enters into a typical straddle, the capital gains holding period on its offsetting positions is frozen. If a Fund held the original position for one year or less (thus not qualifying for the long-term capital gains rate), not only is the holding period frozen, it starts all over again when the Fund disposes of the offsetting position.

 

Losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses may be treated as long-term capital losses. This generally has the effect of reducing the tax benefit of such losses.

 

A Fund may not be able to deduct any interest expenses or carrying charges. During the offsetting period, any interest or carrying charges associated with the straddle are not currently tax deductible, but must be capitalized (added to cost basis).

 

Original Issue Discount, Pay-In-Kind Securities, Market Discount and Commodity-Linked Notes.  Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance (and zero-coupon debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Funds may be treated as debt obligations that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount (“OID”) is treated as interest income and is included in a Fund’s taxable income (and required to be distributed by the Funds) over the term of the debt obligation, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security.

 

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Some debt obligations (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Funds in the secondary market may be treated as having “market discount.” Very generally, market discount is the excess of the stated redemption price of a debt obligation (or in the case of an obligations issued with OID, its “revised issue price”) over the purchase price of such obligation. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt obligation having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt obligation. Alternatively, the Funds may elect to accrue market discount currently, in which case the Funds will be required to include the accrued market discount in a Fund’s income (as ordinary income) and thus distribute it over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security. The rate at which the market discount accrues, and thus is included in a Fund’s income, will depend upon which of the permitted accrual methods the Fund elects.  In the case of higher-risk securities, the amount of market discount may be unclear. See “Higher-Risk Securities.”

 

Some debt obligations (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Funds may be treated as having “acquisition discount” (very generally, the excess of the stated redemption price over the purchase price), or OID in the case of certain types of debt obligations. The Funds will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income (as ordinary income) over the term of the debt obligation, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security. The Funds may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

 

In addition, payment-in-kind securities will, and commodity-linked notes may, give rise to income that is required to be distributed and is taxable even though the Funds holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.

 

If the Funds hold the foregoing kinds of securities, they may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount that is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Funds actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of a Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Funds may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Funds realize net capital gains from such transactions, their shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

 

Higher-Risk Securities.  To the extent such investments are permissible for the Funds, the Funds may invest  in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated, including debt obligations of issuers not currently paying interest or who are in default. Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for the Funds. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Funds may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income. In limited circumstances, it may also not be clear whether the Funds should recognize market discount on a debt obligation, and if so, what amount of market discount the Funds should recognize. These and other related issues will be addressed by the Funds when, as and if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

 

Issuer Deductibility of Interest.  A portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Funds may not be deductible to (and thus, may affect the cash flow of) the issuer. If a portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations is not deductible, that portion will be treated as a dividend for purposes of the corporate dividends-received deduction. In such cases, if the issuer of the high yield discount obligations is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by the Funds may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction to the extent of the deemed dividend portion of such accrued interest.

 

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 Interest paid on debt obligations owned by the Funds, if any, that are considered for U.S. tax purposes to be payable in the equity of the issuer or a related party will not be deductible to the issuer, possibly affecting the cash flow of the issuer.

 

Tax-Exempt Shareholders.  A tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Funds if shares in the Funds constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 514(b). Furthermore, a tax-exempt shareholder may recognize UBTI if the Funds recognize “excess inclusion income” derived from direct or indirect investments in residual interests in REMICs or equity interests in TMPs if the amount of such income recognized by the Funds exceeds a Fund’s investment company taxable income (after taking into account deductions for dividends paid by the Fund).

 

In addition, special tax consequences apply to charitable remainder trusts (“CRTs”) that invest  in regulated investment companies that invest  directly or indirectly in residual interests in REMICs or equity interests in TMPs. Under legislation enacted in December 2006, a CRT (as defined in section 664 of the Internal Revenue Code) that realizes any UBTI for a taxable year, must pay an excise tax annually of an amount equal to such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in October 2006, a CRT will not recognize UBTI solely as a result of investing in the Funds that recognize “excess inclusion income.” Rather, if at any time during any taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such as the United States, a state or political subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, and certain energy cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in the Funds that recognize “excess inclusion income,” then the regulated investment company will be subject to a tax on that portion of its “excess inclusion income” for the taxable year that is allocable to such shareholders, at the highest federal corporate income tax rate. The extent to which this IRS guidance remains applicable in light of the December 2006 legislation is unclear. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the Funds may elect to specially allocate any such tax to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and thus reduce such shareholder’s distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to such shareholder’s interest in the Funds. The Funds have not yet determined whether such an election will be made. CRTs and other tax-exempt investors are urged to consult their tax advisers concerning the consequences of investing in the Funds.

 

Foreign Taxation.  Income received by the Funds from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.

 

A “qualified fund of funds” is a RIC that has at least 50% of the value of its total interests invested in other RICs at the end of each quarter of the taxable year.  If the Funds satisfy this requirement or if they meet certain other requirements, which include a requirement that more than 50% of the value of a Fund’s total assets at the close of its taxable year consist of stocks or securities of foreign corporations, then the Funds should be eligible to file an election with the IRS that may enable its shareholders to receive either the benefit of a foreign tax credit, or a tax deduction, with respect to any foreign and U.S. possessions income taxes paid by the Funds, subject to certain limitations.

 

Foreign Shareholders. Capital Gain Dividends are generally not subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax. Absent a specific statutory exemption, dividends other than Capital Gain Dividends paid by the Funds to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code (such shareholder, a “foreign shareholder”) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) even if they are funded by income or gains (such as portfolio interest, short-term capital gains, or foreign-source dividend and interest income) that, if paid to a foreign person directly, would not be subject to withholding.

 

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A regulated investment company is not required to withhold any amounts (i) with respect to distributions (other than distributions to a foreign person (a) that does not provide a satisfactory statement that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. person, (b) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest on an obligation if the foreign person is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer, (c) that is within a foreign country that has inadequate information exchange with the United States, or (d) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that is a related person of the foreign person and the foreign person is a controlled foreign corporation) from U.S.-source interest income of types similar to those not subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign person, to the extent such distributions are properly reported as such by the Funds in a written notice to shareholders (“interest-related dividends”), and (ii) with respect to distributions (other than (a) distributions to an individual foreign person who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the distribution and (b) distributions subject to special rules regarding the disposition of U.S. real property interests as described below) of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses to the extent such distributions are properly reported by the regulated investment company (“short-term capital gain dividends”). If the Funds invest  in an underlying fund that pays such distributions to the Funds, such distributions retain their character as not subject to withholding if properly reported when paid by the Funds to foreign persons.

 

The Funds are permitted to report such part of their dividends as interest-related or short-term capital gain dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so. These exemptions from withholding will not be available to foreign shareholders of Funds that do not currently report their dividends as interest-related or short-term capital gain dividends.

 

In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Funds report all or a portion of a payment as an interest-related or short-term capital gain dividend to shareholders. Foreign persons should contact their intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts.

 

Under U.S. federal tax law, a beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign shareholder generally is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of shares of the Funds or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States, (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met, or (iii) the special rules relating to gain attributable to the sale or exchange of “U.S. real property interests” (“USRPIs”) apply to the foreign shareholder’s sale of shares of the Funds or to the Capital Gain Dividend the foreign shareholder received (as described below).

 

Special rules would apply if the Funds were either a “U.S. real property holding corporation” (“USRPHC”) or would be a USRPHC but for the operation of certain exceptions to the definition thereof. Very generally, a USRPHC is a domestic corporation that holds USRPIs the fair market value of which equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market values of the corporation’s USPRIs, interests in real property located outside the United States, and other assets. USRPIs are generally defined as any interest in U.S. real property and any interest (other than solely as a creditor) in a USRPHC or former USRPHC.

 

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If the Funds were a USRPHC or would be a USRPHC but for the exceptions referred to above, any distributions by the Funds to a foreign shareholder (including, in certain cases, distributions made by the Funds in redemption of its shares) attributable to gains realized by the Funds on the disposition of USRPIs or to distributions received by the Fund from a lower-tier regulated investment company or REIT that the Funds are required to treat as USRPI gain in its hands generally would be subject to U.S. tax withholding. In addition, such distributions could result in the foreign shareholder being required to file a U.S. tax return and pay tax on the distributions at regular U.S. federal income tax rates. The consequences to a foreign shareholder, including the rate of such withholding and character of such distributions (e.g., as ordinary income or USRPI gain), would vary depending upon the extent of the foreign shareholder’s current and past ownership of the Funds. On and after January 1, 2012, this “look-through” USRPI treatment for distributions by the Fund, if it were either a USRPHC or would be a USRPHC but for the operation of the exceptions referred to above, to foreign shareholders applies only to those distributions that, in turn, are attributable to distributions received by the Fund from a lower-tier REIT, unless Congress enacts legislation providing otherwise.

 

In addition, if the Funds were a USRPHC or former USRPHC, it could be required to withhold U.S. tax on the proceeds of a share redemption by a greater-than-5% foreign shareholder, in which case such foreign shareholder generally would also be required to file U.S. tax returns and pay any additional taxes due in connection with the redemption.

 

Whether or not the Funds are characterized as a USRPHC will depend upon the nature and mix of a Fund’s assets. The Funds do not expect to be a USRPHC. Foreign shareholders should consult their tax advisors concerning the application of these rules to their investment in the Funds.

 

If a beneficial holder of Fund shares who is a foreign shareholder has a trade or business in the United States, and the dividends are effectively connected with the beneficial holder’s conduct of that trade or business, the dividend will be subject to U.S. federal net income taxation at regular income tax rates.

 

If a beneficial holder of Fund shares who is a foreign shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by that beneficial holder in the United States.

 

To qualify for any exemptions from withholding described above or for lower withholding tax rates under income tax treaties, or to establish an exemption from backup withholding, a foreign shareholder must comply with special certification and filing requirements relating to its non-US status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute form). Foreign shareholders in the Fund should consult their tax advisers in this regard.

 

A beneficial holder of Fund shares who is a foreign shareholder may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal tax on income referred to above.

 

Backup Withholding.  The Funds generally are required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any individual shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Funds with a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify to the Funds that he or she is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is currently 24%.

 

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Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS.

 

Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations.  Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to a Fund’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

Shareholder Reporting Obligations With Respect to Foreign Financial AssetsCertain individuals (and, if provided in future guidance, certain domestic entities) must disclose annually their interests in “specified foreign financial assets” on IRS Form 8938, which must be attached to their U.S. federal income tax returns for taxable years beginning after March 18, 2010. The IRS has not yet released a copy of the Form 8938 and has suspended the requirement to attach Form 8938 for any taxable year for which an income tax return is filed before the release of Form 8938. Following Form 8938’s release, individuals will be required to attach to their next income tax return required to be filed with the IRS a Form 8938 for each taxable year for which the filing of Form 8938 was suspended. Until the IRS provides more details regarding this reporting requirement, including in Form 8938 itself and related Treasury regulations, it remains unclear under what circumstances, if any, a shareholder’s (indirect) interest in the Funds’ “specified foreign financial assets,” if any, will be required to be reported on this Form 8938.

 

Other Reporting and Withholding Requirements.  Rules enacted in March 2010 require the reporting to the IRS of direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts and foreign entities by U.S. persons. Failure to provide this required information can result in a 30% withholding tax on certain payments (“withholdable payments”) made after December 31, 2013. Specifically, withholdable payments subject to this 30% withholding tax include payments of U.S.-source dividends and interest made on or after January 1, 2014, and payments of gross proceeds from the sale or other disposal of property that can produce U.S.-source dividends or interest made on or after January 1, 2015.

 

The IRS has issued only very preliminary guidance with respect to these new rules; their scope remains unclear and potentially subject to material change. Very generally, it is possible that distributions made by the Funds after the dates noted above (or such later dates as may be provided in future guidance) to a shareholder, including a distribution in redemption of shares and a distribution of income or gains otherwise exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to non-U.S. shareholders described above (e.g., Capital Gain Dividends, Short-Term Capital Gain Dividends and interest-related dividends, as described above) will be subject to the new 30% withholding requirement. Payments to a foreign shareholder that is a “foreign financial institution” will generally be subject to withholding, unless such shareholder enters into a timely agreement with the IRS. Payments to shareholders that are U.S. persons or foreign individuals will generally not be subject to withholding, so long as such shareholders provide the Funds with such certifications or other documentation, including, to the extent required, with regard to such shareholders’ direct and indirect owners, as the Funds require to comply with the new rules. Persons investing in the Funds through an intermediary should contact their intermediary regarding the application of the new reporting and withholding regime to their investments in the Funds.

 

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Shareholders are urged to consult a tax advisor regarding this new reporting and withholding regime, in light of their particular circumstances.

 

Shares Purchased through Tax-Qualified Plans.  Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the suitability of shares of the Funds as an investment through such plans, and the precise effect of an investment on their particular tax situation.

 

FATCA.  Payments to a shareholder that is either a foreign financial institution (“FFI”) or a non-financial foreign entity (“NFFE”) within the meaning of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) may be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on: (a) income dividends paid by a Fund after June 30, 2014 and (b) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares paid by a Fund after December 31, 2016. FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided: (a) by an FFI, subject to any applicable intergovernmental agreement or other exemption, if it enters into a valid agreement with the IRS to, among other requirements, report required information about certain direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that it has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reports information relating to them. A Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of a Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.

 

The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and the Treasury regulations in effect as they directly govern the taxation of the Fund and its shareholders.  These provisions are subject to change by legislative and administrative action, and any such change may be retroactive. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding specific questions as to U.S. federal income, estate or gift taxes, or foreign, state, local taxes or other taxes.

 

BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES

 

Brokerage Transactions.  Generally, equity securities are bought and sold through brokerage transactions for which commissions are payable. Purchases from underwriters will include the underwriting commission or concession, and purchases from dealers serving as market makers will include a dealer’s mark-up or reflect a dealer’s mark-down. The purchase price for securities bought from dealers serving as market makers will similarly include the dealer’s mark up or reflect a dealer’s mark down. When the Funds execute transactions in the over-the-counter market, it will generally deal with primary market makers unless prices that are more favorable are otherwise obtainable.

 

In selecting brokers and dealers to execute portfolio transactions, the Adviser may consider research and brokerage services furnished to the Adviser or its affiliates. The Adviser may not consider sales of shares of the Funds as a factor in the selection of brokers and dealers, but may place portfolio transactions with brokers and dealers that promote or sell a Fund’s shares so long as such transactions are done in accordance with the policies and procedures established by the Trustees that are designed to ensure that the selection is based on the quality of execution and not on sales efforts. When placing portfolio transactions with a broker or dealer, the Adviser may aggregate securities to be sold or purchased for the Funds with those to be sold or purchased for other advisory accounts managed by the Adviser.   In aggregating such securities, the Adviser will average the transaction as to price and will allocate available investments in a manner that the Adviser believes to be fair and reasonable to the Funds and such other advisory accounts. An aggregated order will generally be allocated on a pro rata basis among all participating accounts, based on the relative dollar values of the participating accounts, or using any other method deemed to be fair to the participating accounts, with any exceptions to such methods involving the Trust being reported to the Trustees.

 

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Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “1934 Act”) permits the Adviser, under certain circumstances, to cause the Funds to pay a broker or dealer a commission for effecting a transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting the transaction in recognition of the value of brokerage and research services provided by the broker or dealer. In addition to agency transactions, the Adviser may receive brokerage and research services in connection with certain riskless principal transactions, in accordance with applicable SEC guidance. Brokerage and research services include: (1) furnishing advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, and the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities; (2) furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, Fund strategy, and the performance of accounts; and (3) effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto (such as clearance, settlement, and custody). In the case of research services, the Adviser believes that access to independent investment research is beneficial to its investment decision-making processes and, therefore, to the Funds.

 

To the extent that research services may be a factor in selecting brokers, such services may be in written form or through direct contact with individuals and may include information as to particular companies and securities as well as market, economic, or institutional areas and information which assists in the valuation and pricing of investments. Examples of research-oriented services for which the Adviser might utilize Fund commissions include research reports and other information on the economy, industries, sectors, groups of securities, individual companies, statistical information, political developments, technical market action, pricing and appraisal services, credit analysis, risk measurement analysis, performance and other analysis. The Adviser may use research services furnished by brokers in servicing all client accounts and not all services may necessarily be used in connection with the account that paid commissions to the broker providing such services. Information so received by the Adviser will be in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be performed by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement. Any advisory or other fees paid to the Adviser are not reduced as a result of the receipt of research services.

 

In some cases the Adviser may receive a service from a broker that has both a “research” and a “non-research” use. When this occurs, the Adviser makes a good faith allocation, under all the circumstances, between the research and non-research uses of the service. The percentage of the service that is used for research purposes may be paid for with client commissions, while the Adviser will use its own funds to pay for the percentage of the service that is used for non-research purposes. In making this good faith allocation, the Adviser faces a potential conflict of interest, but the Adviser believes that its allocation procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that it appropriately allocates the anticipated use of such services to their research and non-research uses.

 

From time to time, the Funds may purchase new issues of securities in a fixed price offering. In these situations, the seller may be a member of the selling group that will, in addition to selling securities, provide the Adviser with research services.  FINRA has adopted rules expressly permitting these types of arrangements under certain circumstances. Generally, the seller will provide research “credits” in these situations at a rate that is higher than that which is available for typical secondary market transactions. These arrangements may not fall within the safe harbor of Section 28(e).

 

44 

 

 

Brokerage with Fund Affiliates.  The Funds may execute brokerage or other agency transactions through registered broker-dealer affiliates of either the Funds, the Adviser or the Distributor for a commission in conformity with the 1940 Act, the 1934 Act and rules promulgated by the SEC. These rules further require that commissions paid to the affiliate by the Funds for exchange transactions not exceed “usual and customary” brokerage commissions. The rules define “usual and customary” commissions to include amounts which are “reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of time.” The Trustees, including those who are not “interested persons” of the Funds, have adopted procedures for evaluating the reasonableness of commissions paid to affiliates and review these procedures periodically.

 

Securities of “Regular Broker-Dealers The Funds are required to identify any securities of its “regular brokers and dealers” (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) which the Funds may hold at the close of its most recent fiscal year. The Funds are newly formed and have not completed their initial fiscal period as of the date of this SAI.

 

Allocation.  When two or more clients managed by the Adviser are simultaneously engaged in the purchase or sale of the same security, the transactions are allocated in a manner deemed equitable to each client. In some cases this procedure could have a detrimental effect on the price or volume of the security as far as the Funds are concerned. In other cases, however, the ability to participate in volume transactions will be beneficial to the Funds. The Board believes that these advantages, when combined with the other benefits available because of the Adviser’s organization, outweigh the disadvantages that may exist from this treatment of transactions.

 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES HOLDINGS

 

This Disclosure of Portfolio Securities Holdings Policy (the “Policy”) shall govern the disclosure of the portfolio securities holdings of each series (individually and collectively the “Fund” or “Funds”) of the Trust. The Trust maintains this Policy to ensure that disclosure of information about portfolio securities is in the best interests of the Fund and the Fund’s shareholders. The Board reviews these policies and procedures as necessary and compliance will be periodically assessed by the Board in connection with a report from the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer. In addition, the Board has reviewed and approved the provision of portfolio holdings information to entities described below that may be prior to and more frequently than the public disclosure of such information (i.e., “non-standard disclosure”). The Board has also delegated authority to the officers of the Trust and Adviser to provide such information in certain circumstances (see below).

 

The Trust is required by the SEC to file its complete portfolio holdings schedule with the SEC on a quarterly basis. This schedule is filed with the Trust’s annual and semi-annual reports on Form N-CSR for the second and fourth fiscal quarters and on Form N-Q for the first and third fiscal quarters. The portfolio holdings information provided in these reports is as of the end of the respective quarter. Form N-CSR must be filed with the SEC no later than ten (10) calendar days after the Trust transmits its annual or semi-annual report to its shareholders. Form N-Q must be filed with the SEC no later than sixty (60) calendar days after the end of the applicable quarter.

 

45 

 

 

Additionally, the Trust’s service providers which have contracted to provide services to the Trust and its funds, including, for example, the custodian and the fund accountants, and other service providers assisting with materials utilized in the Board’s 15c processes that require portfolio holdings information in order to perform those services, may receive non-standard disclosure. Non-standard disclosure of portfolio holdings information may also be provided to a third-party when the Trust has a legitimate business purpose for doing so. The Trust has the following ongoing arrangements with certain third parties to provide the Fund’s portfolio holdings information:

 

 

1. 

to the Trust’s auditors within sixty (60) days after the applicable fiscal period or other periods as necessary for use in providing audit opinions and other advice related to financial, regulatory, or tax reporting;

 

 

 

 

2. 

to financial printers within sixty (60) days after the applicable fiscal period for the purpose of preparing Trust regulatory filings; and

 

 

 

 

3. 

to the Trust’s administrator, custodian, transfer agent and accounting services provider on a daily basis in connection with their providing services to the Fund.

 

The Trust’s service providers may also disclose non-public portfolio holdings information if such disclosure is required by applicable laws, rules or regulations, or by regulatory authorities. Additionally, the Adviser may establish ongoing arrangements with certain third parties to provide the Fund’s portfolio holdings information that the Adviser determines that the Fund has a legitimate business purpose for doing so and the recipient is subject to a duty of confidentiality. These third parties may include:

 

 

1.

financial data processing companies that provide automated data scanning and monitoring services for the Fund;

 

 

 

 

2. 

research companies that allow the Adviser to perform attribution analysis for the Fund; and

 

 

 

 

3.

the Adviser’s proxy voting agent to assess and vote proxies on behalf of the Fund.

 

From time to time, employees of the Adviser may express their views orally or in writing on the Fund’s portfolio securities or may state that the Fund has recently purchased or sold, or continues to own, one or more securities. The securities subject to these views and statements may be ones that were purchased or sold since a Fund’s most recent quarter-end and therefore may not be reflected on the list of the Fund’s most recent quarter-end portfolio holdings. These views and statements may be made to various persons, including members of the press, brokers and other financial intermediaries that sell shares of the Fund, shareholders in the Fund, persons considering investing in the Fund or representatives of such shareholders or potential shareholders, such as fiduciaries of a 401(k) plan or a trust and their advisers, and other entities for which the Adviser may determine. The nature and content of the views and statements provided to each of these persons may differ. From time to time, employees of the Adviser also may provide oral or written information (“portfolio commentary”) about the Fund, including, but not limited to, how the Fund’s investments are divided among various sectors, industries, countries, investment styles and capitalization sizes, and among stocks, bonds, currencies and cash, security types, bond maturities, bond coupons and bond credit quality ratings. This portfolio commentary may also include information on how these various weightings and factors contributed to Fund performance. The Adviser may also provide oral or written information (“statistical information”) about various financial characteristics of the Fund or its underlying portfolio securities including, but not limited to, alpha, beta, R-squared, coefficient of determination, duration, maturity, information ratio, sharpe ratio, earnings growth, payout ratio, price/book value, projected earnings growth, return on equity, standard deviation, tracking error, weighted average quality, market capitalization, percent debt to equity, price to cash flow, dividend yield or growth, default rate, portfolio turnover, and risk and style characteristics. This portfolio commentary and statistical information about the Fund may be based on the Fund’s portfolio as of the most recent quarter-end or the end of some other interim period, such as month-end. The portfolio commentary and statistical information may be provided to various persons, including those described in the preceding paragraph. The nature and content of the information provided to each of these persons may differ.

 

46 

 

Additionally, employees of the Adviser may disclose one or more of the portfolio securities of the Fund when purchasing and selling securities through broker-dealers, requesting bids on securities, obtaining price quotations on securities, or in connection with litigation involving the Fund’s portfolio securities. The Adviser does not enter into formal non-disclosure or confidentiality agreements in connection with these situations; however, the Fund would not continue to conduct business with a person who the Adviser believed was misusing the disclosed information.

 

The Adviser or its affiliates may manage products sponsored by companies other than itself, including investment companies, offshore funds, and separate accounts and affiliates of the Adviser may provide investment related services, including research services, to other companies, including other investment companies, offshore funds, institutional investors and other entities.  In each of these instances, the sponsors of these other companies and the affiliates of the Adviser may receive compensation for their services.  In many cases, these other products are managed in a similar fashion to the Fund and thus have similar portfolio holdings, and the other investment related services provided by affiliates of the Adviser may involve disclosure of information that is also utilized by the Adviser in managing the Fund.  The sponsors of these other products may disclose the portfolio holdings of their products at different times than the Adviser discloses portfolio holdings for the Fund, and affiliates of the Adviser may provide investment related services to its clients at times that are different than the times disclosed to the Fund.

 

The Trust and the Adviser currently have no other arrangements for the provision of non-standard disclosure to any party or shareholder. Other than the non-standard disclosure discussed above, if a third-party requests specific, current information regarding the Fund’s portfolio holdings, the Trust will refer the third-party to the latest regulatory filing.

 

All of the arrangements above are subject to the policies and procedures adopted by the Board to ensure such disclosure is for a legitimate business purpose and is in the best interests of the Trust and its shareholders. The Trust’s CCO is responsible for monitoring the use and disclosure of information relating to Portfolio Securities.  Although no material conflicts of interest are believed to exist that could disadvantage the Fund and its shareholders, various safeguards have been implemented to protect the Fund and its shareholders from conflicts of interest, including: the adoption of Codes of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act designed to prevent fraudulent, deceptive or manipulative acts by officers and employees of the Trust, the Adviser and the Distributor in connection with their personal securities transactions; the adoption by the Adviser and Distributor of insider trading policies and procedures designed to prevent their employees’ misuse of material non-public information; and the adoption by the Trust of a Code of Ethics for Officers that requires the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Trust to report to the Board any affiliations or other relationships that could potentially create a conflict of interest with the Fund.  There may be instances where the interests of the Trust’s shareholders respecting the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings may conflict or appear to conflict with the interests of the Adviser, any principal underwriter for the Trust or an affiliated person of the Trust, the Adviser or the Distributor.   In such situations, the conflict must be disclosed to the Board and the Board will attempt to resolve the situation in a manner that it deems in the best interests of the Fund.

 

47 

 

 

Affiliated persons of the Trust who receive non-standard disclosure are subject to restrictions and limitations on the use and handling of such information, including requirements to maintain the confidentiality of such information, pre-clear securities trades and report securities transactions activity, as applicable. Except as provided above, affiliated persons of the Trust and third-party service providers of the Trust receiving such non-standard disclosure will be instructed that such information must be kept confidential and that no trading on such information should be allowed.

 

Neither the Trust, the Fund nor the Adviser receives compensation or other consideration in connection with the non-standard disclosure of information about portfolio securities.

 

DESCRIPTION OF SHARES

 

The Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust authorizes the Board to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest in the Trust and to classify or reclassify any unissued shares into one or more series of shares. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust further authorizes the trustees to classify or reclassify any series of shares into one or more classes. The Trust’s shares of beneficial interest have no par value.

 

The Funds are authorized to issue one class of shares imposing no front-end or deferred sales charges, no 12b-1 fee and no service fee.

 

Shares have no preemptive rights and only such conversion or exchange rights as the Board may grant in its discretion. When issued for payment as described in the applicable prospectus, shares will be fully paid and non-assessable. In the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Trust or an individual fund, shareholders of a fund are entitled to receive the assets available for distribution belonging to the particular fund, and a proportionate distribution, based upon the relative asset values of the respective fund, of any general assets of the Trust not belonging to any particular fund which are available for distribution.

 

Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held, and a proportionate fractional vote for each fractional share held and will vote in the aggregate and not by class, except as otherwise expressly required by law or when the Board determines that the matter to be voted on affects only the interests of shareholders of a particular class. Voting rights are not cumulative and, accordingly, the holders of more than 50% of the aggregate of the Trust’s outstanding shares may elect all of the trustees, irrespective of the votes of other shareholders.

 

Rule 18f-2 under the 1940 Act provides that any matter required to be submitted to the holders of the outstanding voting securities of an investment company such as the Trust shall not be deemed to have been effectively acted upon unless approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of each fund affected by the matter. A particular fund is deemed to be affected by a matter unless it is clear that the interests of each fund in the matter are substantially identical or that the matter does not affect any interest of the fund. Under the Rule, the approval of an investment management agreement or any change in an investment objective, if fundamental, or in a fundamental investment policy would be effectively acted upon with respect to a fund only if approved by a majority of the outstanding shares of such fund. However, the Rule also provides that the ratification of the appointment of independent public accountants, the approval of principal underwriting contracts and the election of trustees may be effectively acted upon by shareholders of the Trust voting without regard to series or class.

 

48 

 

 

The Trust does not presently intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders except as required by the 1940 Act or other applicable law. Upon the written request of shareholders owning at least 25% of the Trust’s shares, the Trust will call for a meeting of shareholders to consider the removal of one or more trustees and other certain matters. To the extent required by law, the Trust will assist in shareholder communication in such matters.

 

The Board has full power and authority, in its sole discretion, and without obtaining shareholder approval, to divide or combine the shares of any class or series thereof into a greater or lesser number, to classify or reclassify any issued shares or any class or series thereof into one or more classes or series of shares, and to take such other action with respect to the Trust’s shares as the Board may deem desirable. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust authorizes the Trustees, without shareholder approval, to cause the Trust to merge or to consolidate with any corporation, association, trust or other organization in order to change the form of organization and/or domicile of the Trust or to sell or exchange all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust, or any series or class thereof, in dissolution of the Trust, or any series or class thereof. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust permits the termination of the Trust or of any series or class of the Trust by the Trustees without shareholder approval. However, the exercise of such authority by the Board without shareholder approval may be subject to certain restrictions or limitations under the 1940 Act.

 

PROXY VOTING

 

The Board of Trustees of the Trust has delegated responsibility for decisions regarding proxy voting for securities held by the Funds to the Adviser. The Adviser will vote such proxies in accordance with its proxy policies and procedures, which are included in Exhibit B to this SAI. The Board of Trustees will periodically review the Fund’s proxy voting record.  The proxy voting policies and procedures of the Trust are included as Exhibit A to this SAI.

 

The Trust is required to disclose annually each Fund’s complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX.   Any material changes to the proxy policies and procedures will be submitted to the Board for approval. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities for the most recent 12-month period ending June 30, will be available (1) without charge, upon request by calling 888-XXX-XXXX or by writing to the Fund at 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, VA 23235; and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

CODES OF ETHICS

 

The Board of Trustees, on behalf of the Trust, has adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. In addition, the Adviser and Distributor and Administrator have each adopted Codes of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1. These Codes of Ethics apply to the personal investing activities of trustees, officers and certain employees (“access persons”). Rule 17j-1 and the Codes of Ethics are designed to prevent unlawful practices in connection with the purchase or sale of securities by access persons. Under each Code of Ethics, access persons are permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, but are required to report their personal securities transactions for monitoring purposes. The personnel subject to the Codes are permitted to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund.  In addition, certain access persons are required to obtain approval before investing in initial public offerings or private placements, or are prohibited from making such investments. Copies of these Codes of Ethics are on file with the SEC, and are available to the public on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

49 

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

 

 

 

 

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

 

To the Shareholder of American Conservative Values ETF and

Board of Trustees of ETF Opportunities Trust

 

Opinion on the Financial Statement

 

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of ETF Opportunities Trust comprising American Conservative Values ETF (the “Fund”) as of June 11, 2020, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statement”). In our opinion, the financial statement presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of June 11, 2020, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

Basis for Opinion

 

The financial statement is the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statement based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.

 

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statement, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement and confirmation of cash owned as of June 11, 2020, by correspondence with the custodian. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statement. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

We have served as the Fund’s auditor since 2019.

 

 

 

COHEN & COMPANY, LTD.

Cleveland, Ohio

June 15, 2020 

 

 

 

 

 

  50  

 

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENT

 

ETF Opportunities Trust – American Conservative Values ETF

STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

as of June 11, 2020

 

 

 

     
Assets:    
Cash   $ 100,000  
         
Total Assets     100,000  
         
Liabilities:        
    $ —   
         
Total Liabilities     —   
         
Net Assets:   $ 100,000  
         
Components of Net Assets:        
Paid in Capital (applicable to 4,000 shares outstanding, no par value, unlimited number shares authorized)   $ 100,000  
         
Net asset value per share outstanding ($100,000 divided by 4,000 Shares outstanding)   $ 25.00  

  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Statement of Assets and Liabilities.

 

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ETF Opportunities Trust – American Conservative Values ETF

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT

June 11, 2020

 

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION

 

ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”) is an open-end management investment company, which includes the American Conservative Values ETF (the “Fund”). The Fund is a diversified management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The Fund is actively managed. The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on March 18, 2019. The shares of the Fund are referred to herein as “Shares.” Ridgeline Research LLC (the “Adviser”) acts as investment adviser to the Fund, and Vident Investment Advisory, LLC (“VIA” or the “Trading Sub-Adviser”) acts as trading sub-adviser to the Fund.

 

The Trust has had no operations to date other than matters relating to its organization and registration and the sale and issuance to the Adviser, of 4,000 Shares at an aggregate purchase price of $100,000 in the Fund. The investment objective of the Fund is capital appreciation.

 

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

The accompanying financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), which require the use of estimates and assumptions to be made by management. These may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies consistently followed by the Fund in preparation of its financial statements.

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP as detailed in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The Fund is an investment company and follows the accounting and reporting guidance in FASB Topic 946.

 

Cash

 

Cash includes non-interest bearing non-restricted cash with a financial institution.

 

NOTE 3 – INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AND EXPENSES LIMITATION AGREEMENT

 

Investment Adviser

 

Ridgeline Research LLC, serves as the Fund's investment adviser. The Adviser is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Subject to the supervision of the Board, the Adviser is responsible for the oversight and supervision of the Fund, including the oversight and supervision of the Trading Sub-Adviser (defined below).

 

  52  

 

 

Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser, at its own expense and without reimbursement from the Trust, pays all of the expenses of the Fund, excluding the advisory fees, distribution fees or expenses under a 12b-1 plan (if any), interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and any other portfolio transaction related expenses and fees arising out of transactions effected on behalf of the Fund, credit facility fees and expenses, including interest expenses, and litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business. For its services, the Adviser is entitled to receive an annual management fee calculated daily and payable monthly, as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets at the rate of 0.75%.

 

An officer of the Trust is also an officer/director of the Adviser.

 

Organization and Offering Costs

 

The Adviser has agreed to pay all organizational and offering costs of the Fund.

 

Trading Sub-Adviser

 

The Adviser has retained Vident Financial, LLC (the “Trading Sub-Adviser”) to serve as trading sub-adviser for the Fund. The Trading Sub-Adviser, a registered investment adviser, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vident Financial, LLC. The Trading Sub-Adviser is responsible for trading portfolio securities for the Fund, including selecting broker-dealers to execute purchase and sale transactions or in connection with any rebalancing or reconstitution of the indexes, subject to the supervision of the Adviser and the Board. For its services, the Trading Sub-Adviser is paid a fee by the Advisor of 0.05% on the first $250 million in net assets, 0.04% on the next $250 million in net assets, 0.03% on net assets in excess of $500 million, subject to a $30,000 annual minimum, which fee is calculated daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate based on the average daily net assets of the Fund.

 

Other Fund Service Providers

 

Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc. (“CFS”) is the Fund's administrator. Certain officers of the Trust are also officers and/or directors of CFS.

 

Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. and Citibank, N.A. (collectively, “Citi”) are the Fund’s fund accountant, transfer agent and custodian.

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the "Distributor") is the distributor for the shares of the Fund. The Distributor is a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA").

 

PractusTM, LLP serves as legal counsel to the Trust. John H. Lively, Secretary of the Trust, is Managing Partner of Practus™ LLP. Bo James Howell is Assistant Secretary of the Trust and is a Partner of Practus™ LLP. Mr. Lively and Mr. Howell receive no special compensation from the Trust or the Fund for serving as officers of the Trust.

 

Cohen & Company, Ltd. serves as the Fund's independent registered public accounting firm. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the annual financial statements of the Fund.

 

  53  

 

NOTE 4 – PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES

 

The Fund will issue and redeem Shares at net asset value (“NAV”) only in large blocks of 25,000 shares (each block of shares is called a "Creation Unit"). Creation Units are issued and redeemed for cash and/or in-kind for securities. Individual Shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Shares are not redeemable securities of the Fund.

 

Shares of the Fund are listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and trade at market prices rather than NAV. Shares of the Fund may trade at a price that is greater than, at, or less than NAV.

 

Beneficial Ownership

 

The beneficial ownership, either directly or indirectly, of more than 25% of the voting securities of a fund creates a presumption of control of the fund, under Section 2(a)(9) of the 1940 Act. As of the date of this financial statement, the adviser owned 100% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.

 

NOTE 5 – TAXATION OF THE FUND

 

The Fund intends to qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). If it meets certain minimum distribution requirements, a RIC is not subject to tax at the fund-level on income and gains from investments that are timely distributed to shareholders. However, the Fund's failure to qualify as a RIC or to meet minimum distribution requirements would result (if certain relief provisions were not available) in fund-level taxation and, consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders.

 

NOTE 6 INDEMNIFICATION

 

The Trust will indemnify its officers and trustees for certain liabilities that may arise from the performance of their duties to the Trust. Additionally, in the normal course of business, the Trust enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties and which provide general indemnities. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Fund that have not yet occurred. However, the Trust expects the risk of loss due to these warranties and indemnities to be remote.

 

NOTE 7 VALUATION PROCESS

 

The Fund’s securities are valued at current market prices. Investments in securities traded on the national securities exchanges are valued at the last reported sale price. Investments in securities included in the NASDAQ National Market System are valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. Other securities traded in the over-the-counter market and listed securities for which no sales are reported on a given date are valued at the last reported bid price. Short-term debt securities (less than 60 days to maturity) are valued at their fair market value using amortized cost. Other assets for which market prices are not readily available are valued at their fair value as determined in good faith under procedures set by the Board of Trustees (the “Board”). Generally, trading in corporate bonds, U.S. government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times before the scheduled close of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). The value of these securities is determined as of such times.

  54  

 

  

The Fund has a policy that contemplates the use of fair value pricing when market prices are unavailable as well as under special circumstances, such as: (i) if the primary market for a portfolio security suspends or limits trading or price movements of the security; and (ii) when an event occurs after the close of the exchange on which a portfolio security is principally traded that is likely to have changed the value of the security. It is anticipated that the use of fair value pricing will be limited.

When a Fund uses fair value pricing, securities will not be priced on the basis of quotations from the primary market in which they are traded, but rather may be priced by another method that the Board believes accurately reflects fair value. Any method used will be approved by the Board and results will be monitored to evaluate accuracy. The Fund’s policy is intended to result in a calculation that fairly reflects security values as of the time of pricing. However, fair values determined pursuant to the Fund’s procedures may not accurately reflect the price that the Fund could obtain for a security if it were to dispose of that security as of the time of pricing.

 

Currently, the Fund does not own any securities.

 

NOTE 8 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

The Fund has evaluated the need for disclosure and/or adjustments resulting from subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. Based on this evaluation, no adjustments were required to the financial statements.

 

55 

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROCEDURES

 

The ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”) is registered as an open-end management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“1940 Act”). The Trust offers multiple series (each a “Fund” and, collectively, the “Funds”).  Consistent with its fiduciary duties and pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 under the 1940 Act (the “Proxy Rule”), the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) has adopted this proxy voting policy on behalf of the Trust (the “Policy”) to reflect its commitment to ensure that proxies are voted in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Funds’ shareholders.

 

Delegation of Proxy Voting Authority to Fund Advisers

 

The Board believes that the investment adviser, or the investment sub-adviser as appropriate, of each Fund (each an “Adviser”), as the entity that selects the individual securities that comprise its Fund’s portfolio, is the most knowledgeable and best-suited to make decisions on how to vote proxies of portfolio companies held by that Fund. The Trust shall therefore defer to, and rely on, the Adviser of each Fund to make decisions on how to cast proxy votes on behalf of such Fund.

 

The Trust hereby designates the Adviser of each Fund as the entity responsible for exercising proxy voting authority with regard to securities held in the Fund’s investment portfolio. Consistent with its duties under this Policy, each Adviser shall monitor and review corporate transactions of corporations in which the Fund has invested, obtain all information sufficient to allow an informed vote on all proxy solicitations, ensure that all proxy votes are cast in a timely fashion, and maintain all records required to be maintained by the Fund under the Proxy Rule and the 1940 Act. Each Adviser shall perform these duties in accordance with the Adviser’s proxy voting policy, a copy of which shall be presented to this Board for its review. Each Adviser shall promptly provide to the Board updates to its proxy voting policy as they are adopted and implemented.

 

Conflict of Interest Transactions

 

In some instances, an Adviser may be asked to cast a proxy vote that presents a conflict between the interests of a Fund’s shareholders and those of the Adviser or an affiliated person of the Adviser. In such case, the Adviser is instructed to abstain from making a voting decision and to forward all necessary proxy voting materials to the Trust to enable the Board to make a voting decision. When the Board is required to make a proxy voting decision, only the Trustees without a conflict of interest with regard to the security in question or the matter to be voted upon shall be permitted to participate in the decision of how the Fund’s vote will be cast. In the event that the Board is required to vote a proxy because an Adviser has a conflict of interest with respect to the proxy, the Board will vote such proxy in accordance with the Adviser’s proxy voting policy, to the extent consistent with the shareholders’ best interests, as determined by the Board in its discretion. The Board shall notify the Adviser of its final decision on the matter and the Adviser shall vote in accordance with the Board’s decision. 

 

56 

 

Availability of Proxy Voting Policy and Records Available to Fund Shareholders

 

If a Fund has a website, the Fund may post a copy of its Adviser’s proxy voting policy and this Policy on such website. A copy of such policies and of each Fund’s proxy voting record shall also be made available, without charge, upon request of any shareholder of the Fund, by calling the applicable Fund’s toll-free telephone number as printed in the Fund’s prospectus. The Trust’s administrator shall reply to any Fund shareholder request within three business days of receipt of the request, by first-class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery.

 

Each Adviser shall provide a complete voting record, as required by the Proxy Rule, for each series of the Trust for which it acts as adviser, to the Trust’s administrator within 30 days following the end of each 12-month period ending June 30. The Trust’s administrator will file a report based on such record on Form N-PX on an annual basis with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission no later than August 31st of each year.

 

Adopted: December 4, 2019

  

 

  57  
 

 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

 PROXY VOTING AND DISCLOSURE POLICY

 

RIDGELINE RESEARCH LLC

 

Introduction

 

Effective March 10, 2003, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) adopted rule and form amendments under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”) that address an investment adviser’s fiduciary obligation to its clients when the Advisor has the authority to vote their proxies (collectively, the rule and form amendments are referred to herein as the “Advisers Act Amendments”).

 

Ridgeline Research LLC (“Ridgeline”) votes proxies for its clients. The Advisers Act Amendments require that Ridgeline adopt and implement policies and procedures for voting proxies in the best interest of clients, to describe the procedures to clients, and to tell clients how they may obtain information about how Ridgeline has actually voted their proxies.

 

This Proxy Voting and Disclosure Policy (the “Policy”) is designed to ensure that Ridgeline complies with the requirements of the Advisers Act Amendments, and otherwise fulfills its obligations with respect to proxy voting, disclosure, and recordkeeping. The overall goal is to ensure that proxy voting is managed in an effort to act in the best interests of the Fund’s shareholders. While decisions about how to vote must be determined on a case-by-case basis, proxy voting decisions will be made considering these guidelines and following the procedures recited herein.

 

Specific Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

 

Ridgeline believes that the voting of proxies is an important part of portfolio management as it represents an opportunity for shareholders to make their voices heard and to influence the direction of a company. Ridgeline is committed to voting corporate proxies in a manner that serves the best interests of its clients.

 

The following details Ridgeline’s philosophy and practice regarding the voting of proxies.

 

 

A.

General

 

Ridgeline believes that each proxy proposal should be individually reviewed to determine whether the proposal is in the best interests of its clients. As a result, similar proposals for different companies may receive different votes because of different corporate circumstances.

 

 

B.

Procedures

 

To implement Ridgeline’s proxy voting policies, Ridgeline has developed the following procedures for voting proxies.

 

58 

 

 

1.

Ridgeline’s chief compliance officer (CCO) is responsible for overseeing these proxy voting procedures for the Fund. Upon receipt of a corporate proxy, the special or annual report and the proxy shall be submitted to the Portfolio Manager. The Portfolio Manager will then vote the proxy in accordance with this Policy.


Note: For any proxy proposal not clearly addressed by this Policy, the Portfolio Manager will consult with Ridgeline’s CCO.

 

 

2.

The Portfolio Manager shall be responsible for reviewing the special or annual report, proxy proposals, and proxy proposal summaries. The reviewer shall take into consideration what vote is in the best interests of clients and the provisions of Ridgeline’s Voting Guidelines in Section C below. The Portfolio Manager will then vote the proxies.

 

 

3.

The Portfolio Manager shall be responsible for maintaining copies of each annual report, proposal, proposal summary, actual vote, and any other information required to be maintained for a proxy vote under Rule 204-2 of the Advisers Act (see discussion in Section V below) or (for the Fund) under Rule 30b1-4 of the Investment Company Act. With respect to proxy votes on topics deemed, in the opinion of the Portfolio Manager, to be controversial or particularly sensitive, the Portfolio Manager will provide a written explanation for the proxy vote, which will be maintained with the record of the actual vote in Ridgeline’s files.

 

 

C.

Absence of Portfolio Manager

 

In the event that the Portfolio Manager is unavailable to vote a proxy, then the CCO shall perform the Portfolio Manager’s duties with respect to such proxy in accordance with the policies and procedures detailed above.

 

 

D.

Option to Vote or Not Vote

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Policy, in situations where the Portfolio Manager or CCO determines that refraining from voting a proxy is in the client’s best interest, such as when Ridgeline has determined that the cost of voting the proxy exceeds the expected benefit to the client, Ridgeline may determine not to vote a proxy.

 

Voting Guidelines

 

While Ridgeline’s Policy is to review each proxy proposal on its individual merits, Ridgeline has adopted guidelines for certain types of matters to assist the Portfolio Manager in the review and voting of proxies.

 

59 

 

 

These guidelines are set forth below:

 

A. Corporate Governance

 

 

1.

Election of Directors and Similar Matters

 
In an uncontested election, Ridgeline will generally vote in favor of management’s proposed directors. In a contested election, Ridgeline will evaluate proposed directors on a case-by-case basis. With respect to proposals regarding the structure of a company’s Board of Directors, Ridgeline will review any contested proposal on its merits.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Ridgeline generally expects to support proposals to:

 

 

Eliminate cumulative voting; and

 

Limit directors’ liability and broaden directors’ indemnification rights;


And generally expects to vote against proposals to:

 

 

Adopt the use of cumulative voting;

 

Change the size, manner of selection, and removal of the board, where the Portfolio Manager believes such changes would likely have anti-takeover effects; and

 

Add special interest directors to the board of directors (e.g., efforts to expand the board of directors to control the outcome of a particular decision).

 

 

2.

Audit Committee Approvals


Ridgeline generally supports proposals that help ensure that a company’s auditors are independent and capable of delivering a fair and accurate opinion of a company’s finances. Ridgeline will generally vote to ratify the selection of auditors.

 

 

3.

Shareholder Rights


Ridgeline may consider all proposals that will have a material effect on shareholder rights on a case-by-case basis. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Ridgeline generally expects to support proposals to:

 

 

Adopt confidential voting and independent tabulation of voting results; and

 

Require shareholder approval of poison pills.

 

And generally expects to vote against proposals to:

 

 

Adopt super-majority voting requirements; and

 

Restrict the rights of shareholders to call special meetings, amend the bylaws or act by written consent.

 

 

4.

Anti-Takeover Measures, Corporate Restructurings and Similar Matters


Ridgeline may review any proposal to adopt an anti-takeover measure to undergo a corporate restructuring (e.g., change of entity form or state of incorporation, mergers, or acquisitions) or to take similar action by reviewing the potential short and long-term effects of the proposal on the company. These effects may include, without limitation, the economic and financial impact the proposal may have on the company, and the market impact that the proposal may have on the company’s stock.

 

60 

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Ridgeline generally expects to support proposals to:

 

 

Prohibit the payment of greenmail (i.e., the purchase by the company of its own shares to prevent a hostile takeover);

 

Adopt fair price requirements (i.e., requirements that all shareholders be paid the same price in a tender offer or takeover context), unless the Portfolio Manager deems them sufficiently limited in scope;

 

Require shareholder approval of “poison pills”; and

 

Opt-out of statutory provisions that permit a company to consider the non-financial effects of mergers and acquisitions.


And generally expects to vote against proposals to:

 

 

Adopt classified boards of directors;

 

Reincorporate a company where the primary purpose appears to be the creation of takeover defenses; and

 

Require a company to consider the non-financial effects of mergers or acquisitions.

 

 

5.

Capital Structure Proposals

 

Ridgeline will seek to evaluate capital structure proposals on their own merits on a case-by-casee basis. Ridgeline will generally support the following proposals, if the Portfolio Manager has determined that the proposal has a legitimate business purpose and is otherwise in shareholders’ best interests:

 

 

Proposals to create new classes of common and preferred stock unless they appear to the Portfolio Manager be an anti-takeover measure; and

 

Proposals to eliminate preemptive rights.


 

B. Compensation

 

 

1.

General


Ridgeline generally believes that compensation matters should be left up to the board’s compensation committee, which can be held accountable for its decisions through the election of directors. Ridgeline typically supports proposals that encourage the disclosure of a company’s compensation policies. In addition, Ridgeline generally supports proposals that fairly compensate executives, particularly those proposals that link executive compensation to performance. Ridgeline may consider any contested proposal related to a company’s compensation policies on a case-by-case basis.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Ridgeline generally expects to support proposals to:

 

 

Require shareholders approval of golden parachutes; and

 

Adopt golden parachutes that do not exceed three times the base compensation of the applicable executives.

 

61 

 


And generally expects to vote against proposals to:

 

 

Adopt golden parachute plans that exceed three times base compensation; and

 

Adopt measures that appear to arbitrarily limit executive or employee benefits.

 

 

2.

Stock Option Plans


Ridgeline evaluates proposed stock option plans and issuances on a case-by-case basis. In reviewing proposals regarding stock option plans and issuances, Ridgeline may consider, without limitation, the potential dilutive effect on shareholders’ shares, the potential short and long-term economic effects on the company and shareholders, and the actual terms of the proposed options.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Ridgeline generally expects to oppose proposals that eliminate much of the downside risk inherent in an option grant that is designed to induce recipients to maximize shareholder return; such as:

 

 

Backdating options (Backdating an option is the act of changing an options grant date from the actual grant date to an earlier date when the underlying stock was lower, resulting in a lower exercise price for the option); and

 

Repricing options or option exchange programs, unless macroeconomic or industry trends, rather than company-specific issues, cause a stock’s value to decline dramatically.

 

 

3.

Director Compensation Plans


Ridgeline believes that non-employee directors should receive reasonable and appropriate compensation for the time and effort they spend serving on the board and its committees. Director fees should be competitive in order to retain and attract qualified individuals. We will consider recommending supporting compensation plans that include option grants or other equity-based awards that help to align the interests of outside directors with those of shareholders. However, equity grants to directors should not be performance-based to ensure directors are not incentivized in the same manner as executives but rather serve as a check on imprudent risk-taking in executive compensation plan design.

 

C. Corporate Responsibility and Social Issues

 

Ridgeline generally believes that ordinary business matters (including, without limitation, positions on corporate responsibility and social issues) are primarily the responsibility of a company’s management that should be addressed solely by the company’s management. Accordingly, Ridgeline will generally abstain from voting on proposals involving corporate responsibility and social issues. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Ridgeline may vote against corporate responsibility, and social issue proposals that Ridgeline believes will have substantial adverse economic or other effects on a company, and Ridgeline may vote for corporate responsibility, and social issue proposals that Ridgeline believes will have substantial positive economic or other effects on a company.

 

62 

 

Conflicts

 

In cases where Ridgeline is aware of a conflict between the interest of the Fund’s shareholders and the interest of Ridgeline or its affiliates, the Fund’s principal underwriter or an affiliated person of the Fund, then the Fund’s Proxy Voting Committee shall determine how the Fund will vote the proxy.

 

Proxy Proposals Specific to Registered Investment Companies

 

Ridgeline invests portions of the Fund portfolio in registered investment companies (“Underlying Funds”) that are not affiliated with Ridgeline. It is the Policy of Ridgeline to vote all proxies received from the Underlying Funds in the same proportion that all shares of the Underlying Funds are voted, or in accordance with instructions received from fund shareholders, pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

Securities Lending

 

The Fund may participate in securities lending programs with various counterparties. Under most securities lending arrangements, proxy voting rights during the lending period generally are transferred to the borrower, and thus proxies received in connection with the securities on loan may not be voted by the lender unless the loan is recalled.

 

Ridgeline evaluates several factors in determining whether to recall loaned securities in order to vote such proxies including, but not limited to, the subject matter of the proposal being voted on, the likely impact on the voting results if Ridgeline voted the securities on loan, and the value of voting the loaned securities relative to the securities lending income expected to be derived from such securities. Based on its experience, Ridgeline believes that in most cases the value of recalling loaned securities to vote proxies will be less than the securities lending income either because the outcome of the vote will not be impacted by voting the loaned securities or the result of the vote is not likely to have significant economic consequences. However, Ridgeline will use its best efforts to recall any security on loan where Ridgeline (a) learns of a vote on a material event that may affect a security on loan and (b) determine that it is in the best interests of Fund to recall the security for voting purposes.

 

Ridgeline Disclosure of How to Obtain Voting Information

 

Rule 206(4)-6 requires Ridgeline to disclose in response to any client request how the client can obtain information from Ridgeline on how its securities were voted. Ridgeline will disclose in Form ADV that clients can obtain information on how their securities were voted by making a written request to Ridgeline. Upon receiving a written request from a client, Ridgeline will provide the information requested by the client within a reasonable amount of time.

 

Rule 206(4)-6 also requires Ridgeline to describe its proxy voting policies and procedures to clients, and upon request, to provide clients with a copy of those policies and procedures. Ridgeline will provide such a description in its Form ADV. Upon receiving a written request from a client, Ridgeline will provide a copy of this Policy within a reasonable amount of time.

 

63 

 

 

If approved by the client, this Policy and any requested records may be provided electronically.

 

Recordkeeping

 

Ridgeline shall keep the following records for a period of at least five years, the first two in an easily accessible place:

 

 

a.

A copy of this Policy;

 

b.

Proxy Statements received regarding client securities;

 

c.

Records of votes cast on behalf of clients;

 

d.

Any documents prepared by Ridgeline that were material to making a decision how to vote, or that memorialized the basis for the decision;

 

e.

Records of client requests for proxy voting information, and

 

f.

With respect to the Fund, a record of each shareholder request for proxy voting information and the Fund’s response, including the date of the request, the name of the shareholder, and the date of the response.


The Fund shall maintain a copy of each of the foregoing records that is related to proxy votes on behalf of the Fund by Ridgeline. These records may be kept as part of Ridgeline’s records.

 

Ridgeline may rely on proxy statements filed on the SEC EDGAR system instead of keeping its own copies and may rely on proxy statements and records of proxy votes cast by Ridgeline that are maintained with a third party such as a proxy voting service, provided that Ridgeline has obtained an undertaking from the third party to provide a copy of the documents promptly upon request.

 

 

64 

 

EXHIBIT C

 

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Membership

 

 

1.

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”) shall be composed entirely of Independent Trustees.

 

Board Nominations and Functions

 

 

1.

The Committee shall make nominations for Trustee membership on the Board of Trustees, including the Independent Trustees. The Committee shall evaluate candidates’ qualifications for Board membership and their independence from the investment advisers to the Trust’s series portfolios and the Trust’s other principal service providers. Persons selected as Independent Trustees must not be “interested person” as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, nor shall Independent Trustee have and affiliations or associations that shall preclude them from voting as an Independent Trustee on matters involving approvals and continuations of Rule 12b-1 Plans, Investment Advisory Agreements and such other standards as the Committee shall deem appropriate.  The Committee shall also consider the effect of any relationships beyond those delineated in the 1940 Act that might impair independence, e.g., business, financial or family relationships with managers or service providers.  See Appendix A for Procedures with Respect to Nominees to the Board.

 

2.

The Committee shall periodically review Board governance procedures and shall recommend any appropriate changes to the full Board of Trustees.

 

3.

The Committee shall periodically review the composition of the Board of Trustees to determine whether it may be appropriate to add individuals with different backgrounds or skill sets from those already on the Board.

 

4.

The Committee shall periodically review trustee compensation and shall recommend any appropriate changes to the Independent Trustees as a group.

 

Committee Nominations and Functions

 

 

1.

The Committee shall make nominations for membership on all committees and shall review committee assignments at least annually.

 

2.

The Committee shall review, as necessary, the responsibilities of any committees of the Board, whether there is a continuing need for each committee, whether there is a need for additional committees of the Board, and whether committees should be combined or reorganized. The Committee shall make recommendations for any such action to the full Board.

 

Other Powers and Responsibilities

 

 

1.

The Committee shall have the resources and authority appropriate to discharge its responsibilities, including authority to retain special counsel and other experts or consultants at the expense of the Trust.

 

2.

The Committee shall review this Charter at least annually and recommend any changes to the full Board of Trustees.

 

Adopted:          _____, 2019

 

65 

 

APPENDIX A TO THE NOMINATING AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE CHARTER

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

PROCEDURES WITH RESPECT TO NOMINEES TO THE BOARD

 

 

I.

Identification of Candidates. When a vacancy on the Board of Trustees exists or is anticipated, and such vacancy is to be filled by an Independent Trustee, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee shall identify candidates by obtaining referrals from such sources as it may deem appropriate, which may include current Trustees, management of the Trust, counsel and other advisors to the Trustees, and shareholders of the Trust who submit recommendations in accordance with these procedures. In no event shall the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee consider as a candidate to fill any such vacancy an individual recommended by any investment adviser of any series portfolio of the Trust, unless the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has invited management to make such a recommendation.

 

 

II.

Shareholder Candidates. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee shall, when identifying candidates for the position of Independent Trustee, consider any such candidate recommended by a shareholder if such recommendation contains: (i) sufficient background information concerning the candidate, including evidence the candidate is willing to serve as an Independent Trustee if selected for the position; and (ii) is received in a sufficiently timely manner as determined by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee in its discretion.  Shareholders shall be directed to address any such recommendations in writing to the attention of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, c/o the Secretary of the Trust. The Secretary shall retain copies of any shareholder recommendations which meet the foregoing requirements for a period of not more than 12 months following receipt.  The Secretary shall have no obligation to acknowledge receipt of any shareholder recommendations.

 

 

III.

Evaluation of Candidates. In evaluating a candidate for a position on the Board of Trustees, including any candidate recommended by shareholders of the Trust, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee shall consider the following: (i) the candidate’s knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) any experience possessed by the candidate as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) the candidate’s educational background; (iv) the candidate’s reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) any specific financial, technical or other expertise possessed by the candidate, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board’s existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) the candidate’s perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the candidate’s ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board; (vii) the candidate’s ability to qualify as an Independent Trustee and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the candidate and the Trust; and (viii) such other factors as the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board and any anticipated vacancies. Prior to making a final recommendation to the Board, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee shall conduct personal interviews with those candidates it concludes are the most qualified candidates.

 

 

66

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28. Exhibits

 

(a)(1)

Certificate of Trust of ETF Opportunities Trust (“Registrant”) (Filed herewith)

 

 

(a)(2)

Agreement and Declaration of Trust. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(b)

By-Laws of the Registrant. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(c)

Articles IV, VII and VIII of the Declaration of Trust, Exhibit 28(a) above, define the rights of holders of the securities being registered. (Certificates for shares are not issued.)

 

 

(d)(1)

Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Ridgeline Research LLC (“Adviser”), as investment adviser for the Registrant and each of its investment portfolios (the “Fund”). (Filed herewith)

 

 

(d)(2)

Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement between Vident Advisory, LLC and Ridgeline Research LLC with respect to the American Conservative Values ETF and American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF funds.  (Filed herewith).

 

 

(e)(1)

Distribution Agreement. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(e)(2)

Form of Authorized Participant Agreement. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(f)

Not applicable.

 

 

(g)(1)

Global Custodial and Agency Services Agreement. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(h)(1)

Fund Services Agreement. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(h)(2)

Form of Services Agreement (Transfer Agent and Fund Accounting). (Filed herewith)

 

 

(i)(1)

Opinion and Consent of Practus, LLP regarding the legality of securities registered with respect to the Registrant. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(j)(1)

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(k)

Not applicable.

 

 

(l)

Initial Capital Agreement (Filed herewith)

 

 

(m)(1)

Plan of Distribution Pursuant to Rule 12b-1. Not Applicable.

 

 

(n)(1)

Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act. Not applicable.

 

 

(o)

Reserved.

 

 

(p)(1)

Code of Ethics for the Registrant. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(p)(2)

Code of Ethics for the Adviser. (Filed herewith)

 

 

(q)

Power of Attorney for Mary Lou H. Ivey, David J. Urban, Theo H. Pitt, Jr. and Kevin Farragher. (Filed herewith)

 

 

 

Item 29. Persons Controlled By or Under Common Control With Registrant

 

 

Not Applicable.

 

Item 30. Indemnification

 

See Article VIII, Section 2 of the Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the section titled “Indemnification of Trustees, Officers, Employees and Other Agents” in the Registrant’s By-Laws.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant by the Registrant pursuant to the Declaration of Trust or otherwise, the Registrant is aware that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and, therefore, is unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by trustees, officers or controlling persons of the Registrant in connection with the successful defense of any act, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustees, officers or controlling persons in connection with the shares being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issues.

 

Item 31. Business and other Connections of the Investment Adviser

 

The description of the Investment Adviser is found under the caption “Management,” “The Investment Adviser” in the Prospectus and under the caption “Investment Adviser” in the Statement of Additional Information constituting Parts A and B, respectively, of this Registration Statement, which are incorporated by reference herein. The Investment Adviser may provide investment advisory services to persons or entities other than the Registrant.

 

Item 32. Distributor

 

(a)

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended:

 

 

1.

ABS Long/Short Strategies Fund

 

2.

Absolute Shares Trust

 

3.

AdvisorShares Trust

 

4.

AGF Investments Trust (f/k/a FQF Trust)

 

5.

AlphaCentric Prime Meridian Income Fund

 

6.

American Century ETF Trust

 

7.

American Customer Satisfaction ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions

 

8.

Amplify ETF Trust

 

9.

ARK ETF Trust

 

10.

Bluestone Community Development Fund (f/k/a The 504 Fund)

 

11.

Braddock Multi-Strategy Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust

 

12.

Brand Value ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions

 

13.

Bridgeway Funds, Inc.

 

14.

Brinker Capital Destinations Trust

 

15.

Calamos Convertible and High Income Fund

 

16.

Calamos Convertible Opportunities and Income Fund

 

17.

Calamos Global Total Return Fund

 

18.

Carlyle Tactical Private Credit Fund

 

19.

Center Coast Brookfield MLP & Energy Infrastructure Fund

 

20.

Cliffwater Corporate Lending Fund

 

21.

CornerCap Group of Funds

 

 

 

 

22.

Davis Fundamental ETF Trust

 

23.

Defiance Next Gen Connectivity ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions

 

24.

Defiance Next Gen Food & Agriculture ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions

 

25.

Defiance Quantum ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions

 

26.

Direxion Shares ETF Trust

 

27.

Eaton Vance NextShares Trust

 

28.

Eaton Vance NextShares Trust II

 

29.

EIP Investment Trust

 

30.

Ellington Income Opportunities Fund

 

31.

EntrepreneurShares Series Trust

 

32.

Evanston Alternative Opportunities Fund

 

33.

EventShares U.S. Legislative Opportunities ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

34.

Exchange Listed Funds Trust (f/k/a Exchange Traded Concepts Trust II)

 

35.

Fiera Capital Series Trust

 

36.

FlexShares Trust

 

37.

Forum Funds

 

38.

Forum Funds II

 

39.

Friess Small Cap Growth Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series

 

40.

GraniteShares ETF Trust

 

41.

Guinness Atkinson Funds

 

42.

Infinity Core Alternative Fund

 

43.

Innovator ETFs Trust

 

44.

Innovator ETFs Trust II (f/k/a Elkhorn ETF Trust)

 

45.

Ironwood Institutional Multi-Strategy Fund LLC

 

46.

Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund LLC

 

47.

IVA Fiduciary Trust

 

48.

John Hancock Exchange-Traded Fund Trust

 

49.

Manor Investment Funds

 

50.

Miller/Howard Funds Trust

 

51.

Miller/Howard High Income Equity Fund

 

52.

Moerus Worldwide Value Fund, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust IV

 

53.

Morningstar Funds Trust

 

54.

OSI ETF Trust

 

55.

Overlay Shares Core Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

56.

Overlay Shares Foreign Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

57.

Overlay Shares Large Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

58.

Overlay Shares Municipal Bond ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

59.

Overlay Shares Small Cap Equity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

60.

Pacific Global ETF Trust

 

61.

Palmer Square Opportunistic Income Fund

 

62.

Partners Group Private Income Opportunities, LLC

 

63.

PENN Capital Funds Trust

 

64.

Performance Trust Mutual Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers

 

65.

Plan Investment Fund, Inc.

 

66.

PMC Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers

 

67.

Point Bridge GOP Stock Tracker ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions

 

68.

Quaker Investment Trust

 

69.

Renaissance Capital Greenwich Funds

 

70.

Reverse Cap Weighted U.S. Large Cap ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions

 

71.

RMB Investors Trust (f/k/a Burnham Investors Trust)

 

72.

Robinson Opportunistic Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust

 

73.

Robinson Tax Advantaged Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust

 

74.

Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

75.

Salient MF Trust

 

76.

SharesPost 100 Fund

 

77.

Six Circles Trust

 

78.

Sound Shore Fund, Inc.

 

79.

Source Dividend Opportunity ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

80.

Strategy Shares

 

81.

Syntax ETF Trust

 

82.

Tactical Income ETF, Series of Collaborative Investment Series Trust

 

 

 

 

83.

The Chartwell Funds

 

84.

The Community Development Fund

 

85.

The Relative Value Fund

 

86.

Third Avenue Trust

 

87.

Third Avenue Variable Series Trust

 

88.

Tidal ETF Trust

 

89.

TIFF Investment Program

 

90.

Timothy Plan High Dividend Stock ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan

 

91.

Timothy Plan International ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan

 

92.

Timothy Plan US Large Cap Core ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan

 

93.

Timothy Plan US Small Cap Core ETF, Series of The Timothy Plan

 

94.

Transamerica ETF Trust

 

95.

TrueMark AI & Deep Learning Fund, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

96.

TrueMark ESG Active Opportunities Fund, Series of Listed Funds Trust

 

97.

U.S. Global Investors Funds

 

98.

Variant Alternative Income Fund

 

99.

VictoryShares Developed Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II

100. VictoryShares Dividend Accelerator ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
101. VictoryShares Emerging Market High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
102. VictoryShares Emerging Market Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
103. VictoryShares International High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
104. VictoryShares International Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
105. VictoryShares US 500 Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
106. VictoryShares US 500 Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
107. VictoryShares US Discovery Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
108. VictoryShares US EQ Income Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
109. VictoryShares US Large Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
110. VictoryShares US Multi-Factor Minimum Volatility ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
111. VictoryShares US Small Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
112. VictoryShares US Small Cap Volatility Wtd ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
113. VictoryShares USAA Core Intermediate-Term Bond ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
114. VictoryShares USAA Core Short-Term Bond ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
115. VictoryShares USAA MSCI Emerging Markets Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
116. VictoryShares USAA MSCI International Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
117. VictoryShares USAA MSCI USA Small Cap Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
118. VictoryShares USAA MSCI USA Value Momentum ETF, Series of Victory Portfolios II
119. Vivaldi Opportunities Fund
120. West Loop Realty Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust (f/k/a Chilton Realty Income & Growth Fund)
121. WisdomTree Trust
122. WST Investment Trust
123. XAI Octagon Floating Rate & Alternative Income Term Trust

 

(b)

The following are the Officers and Manager of the Distributor, the Registrant’s underwriter.  The Distributor’s main business address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101.

 

Name

Address

Position with Underwriter

Position with
Registrant

Richard J. Berthy

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME  04101

President, Treasurer and Manager

None

       

Mark A. Fairbanks

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME  04101

Vice President

None

       

Jennifer K. DiValerio

899 Cassatt Road, 400 Berwyn Park, Suite 110, Berwyn, PA 19312

Vice President

None

 

 

 

Name

Address

Position with Underwriter

Position with
Registrant

Nanette K. Chern

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME  04101

Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer

None

Jennifer E. Hoopes

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME  04101

Secretary

None

 

(c)

Not applicable.

 

Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records

 

The accounts, books or other documents of the Registrant required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules promulgated thereunder are kept in several locations:

 

a)

 Adviser

Ridgeline Research LLC, 14961 Finegan Farm Drive, Darnestown, Maryland 20874

 

 

 

b)

 Sub-Adviser

Vidant Investment Advisory, LLC, 1125 Sanctuary Parkway, Suite 515, Alpharetta, Georgia 30009

 

 

 

b)

 Custodian

Citibank, N.A., 390 Greenwich Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY  10013

 

 

 

c)

 Administrator

Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc., 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, Virginia 23235

 

 

 

d)

 Distributor

Foreside Fund Services, LLC, Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101

 

Item 34. Management Services

 

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 35. Undertakings

 

 

Not applicable.

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Richmond, Commonwealth of Virginia on the 15th day of June, 2020.

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Karen Shupe

 

 

Karen Shupe

 

 

Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer

 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

Title

Date

 

 

 

*David J. Urban

Trustee

June 15, 2020

 

 

 

*Mary Lou H. Ivey

Trustee

June 15, 2020

 

 

 

*Theo H. Pitt, Jr.

Trustee

June 15, 2020

 

 

 

*Kevin M. Farragher

Trustee

June 15, 2020

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Karen M. Shupe

Treasurer and Principal Executive Officer

June 15, 2020

 Karen M. Shupe

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Ann T. MacDonald

Assistant Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer

June 15, 2020

 Ann T. MacDonald

 

 

 

 

 

*By: /s/ Karen M. Shupe

 

 

Karen M. Shupe

 

 

 

*Attorney-in-fact pursuant to Powers of Attorney

 

 

 

 

EXHIBITS

 

(a)(1)

Certificate of Trust of ETF Opportunities Trust (“Registrant”)

 

 

(a)(2)

Agreement and Declaration of Trust.

 

 

(b)

By-Laws of the Registrant.

 

 

(d)(1)

Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Ridgeline Research LLC (“Adviser”), as investment adviser for the Registrant and each of its investment portfolios (the “Fund”).

 

 

(d)(2)

Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement between Vident Advisory, LLC and Ridgeline Research LLC with respect to the American Conservative Values ETF and American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF funds.

 

 

(e)(1)

Distribution Agreement.

 

 

(e)(2)

Form of Authorized Participant Agreement.

 

 

(g)(1)

Global Custodial and Agency Services Agreement.

 

 

(h)(1)

Fund Services Agreement.

 

 

(h)(2)

Form of Services Agreement (Transfer Agent and Fund Accounting).

 

 

(i)(1)

Opinion and Consent of Practus, LLP regarding the legality of securities registered with respect to the Registrant.

 

 

(j)(1)

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

 

(l)

Initial Capital Agreement

 

 

(p)(1)

Code of Ethics for the Registrant.

 

 

(p)(2)

Code of Ethics for the Adviser.

 

 

(q)

Power of Attorney for Mary Lou H. Ivey, David J. Urban, Theo H. Pitt, Jr. and Kevin Farragher.

 

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99.(a)(1)

 

 

Delaware

The First State

Page 1

 

I, JEFFREY W. BULLOCK, SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, DO HEREBY CERTIFY THE ATTACHED IS A TRUE AND CORRECT COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF STATUTORY TRUST REGISTRATION OF “ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST”, FILED IN THIS OFFICE ON THE EIGHTEENTH DAY OF MARCH, A.D. 2019, AT 2:57 O`CLOCK P.M.

 

 
  Jeffrey W. Bullock, Secretary of State

7331618  8100
SR# 20192063742
Authentication: 202470553
Date: 03-19-19
     
You may verify this certificate online at corp.delaware.gov/authver.shtml

 

 

  STATE OF DELAWARE
CERTIFICATE OF TRUST
State of Delaware
Secretary of State
Division of Corporations
Delivered 02:57 PM 03/18/2019
FILED 02:57 PM 03/18/2019
SR  20192063742 - File Number     7331618

 

This Certificate of Trust is filed in accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (Title 12 of the Delaware Code, Section 3801 et seq.) and sets forth the following:

 

First: The name of the trust is ETF Opportunities Trust.

 

Second: The name and address of the Registered Agent in the State of Delaware is: Capitol Services, Inc., 1675 S. State St, Ste. B., Dover, DE 19901.

 

Third: The Statutory Trust is or will become prior to or within 180 days following the first issuance of beneficial interests, a registered investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (15 U.S.C. §§ 80a-1 et seq.).

 

Fourth: Notice of Limitation of Liabilities of Series. Notice is hereby given that pursuant to Section 3804 of the Act, the Trust is or may hereafter be constituted a series trust with one or more multiple portfolios or classes. The debts, liabilities, obligations, and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to any particular portfolio or class shall be enforceable against the assets of such portfolio or class only, and not against the assets of the Trust generally or of any other portfolio or class of the Trust, and none of the debts, liabilities, obligations, and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or other portfolios or class of the Trust shall be enforceable against the assets of such portfolio or class.

 

  By:  
  Name: Karen Shupe
Title: Initial Trustee
     

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A 

Exhibit 99.(a)(2)

 

AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST

of

ETF Opportunities Trust

a Delaware Statutory Trust

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ARTICLE I   NAME; OFFICES; REGISTERED AGENT; DEFINITIONS 1
Section 1.  Name 1
Section 2.  Offices of the Trust 2
Section 3.  Registered Agent and Registered Office 2
Section 4.  Definitions 2
ARTICLE II   PURPOSE OF TRUST 4
ARTICLE III   SHARES 7
Section 1.  Division of Beneficial Interest 7
Section 2.  Ownership of Shares 8
Section 3.  Sale of Shares 9
Section 4.  Status of Shares and Limitation of Personal Liability 9
Section 5.  Power of Board of Trustees to Make Tax Status Election 9
Section 6.  Establishment and Designation of Series and Classes 10
Section 7.  Indemnification of Shareholders 13
ARTICLE IV   THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES 14
Section 1.  Number, Election, Term, Removal and Resignation. 14
Section 2.  Trustee Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting 14
Section 3.  Powers; Other Business Interests; Quorum and Required Vote 15
Section 4.  Payment of Expenses by the Trust 16
Section 5.  Ownership of Trust Property 17
Section 6.  Service Contracts 17
ARTICLE V   SHAREHOLDERS’ VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS 18
Section 1.  Voting Powers 18
Section 2.  Quorum and Required Vote 18
Section 3.  Shareholder Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting 19
Section 4.  Record Dates 19
Section 5.  Additional Provisions 20

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VI   NET ASSET VALUE; DISTRIBUTIONS; REDEMPTIONS; TRANSFERS 21
Section 1.  Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions 21
Section 2.  Redemptions at the Option of a Shareholder 22
Section 3.  Redemptions at the Option of the Trust 24
Section 4.  Transfer of Shares 24
ARTICLE VII   LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION OF AGENT 24
Section 1.  Limitation of Liability 24
Section 2.  Indemnification 25
Section 3.  Insurance 26
Section 4.  Derivative Actions 27
ARTICLE VIII   CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS 27
Section 1.  Dissolution of Trust or Series 27
Section 2.  Merger or Consolidation; Conversion; Reorganization 28
Section 3.  Master Feeder Structure 30
Section 4.  Absence of Appraisal or Dissenters’ Rights 30
ARTICLE IX   AMENDMENTS 30
Section 1.  Amendments Generally 30
ARTICLE X   MISCELLANEOUS 30
Section 1.  References; Headings; Counterparts 30
Section 2.  Applicable Law 31
Section 3.  Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations 31
Section 4.  Statutory Trust Only 31

 

 

 

AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST

 

OF

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST made as of this 4th  day of December 2019, by the Trustees hereunder, and by the holders of Shares issued or to be issued by ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”) hereunder, and incorporates herein and makes a part of this Agreement and Declaration of Trust the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Trust adopted prior to the date set forth above, regarding the establishment and designation of Series and/or Classes of the Shares of the Trust, and any amendments or modifications to such resolutions adopted through the date hereof, as of the date of the adoption of each such resolution, as hereinafter provided.

 

WITNESSETH:

 

WHEREAS this Trust has been formed to carry on the business of an open-end management investment company as defined in the 1940 Act; and

 

WHEREAS this Trust is authorized to divide its Shares into two or more Classes, to issue its Shares in separate Series, to divide Shares of any Series into two or more Classes and to issue Classes of the Trust or the Series, if any, all in accordance with the provisions hereinafter set forth; and

 

WHEREAS the Trustees have agreed to manage all property coming into their hands as trustees of a Delaware statutory trust in accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as amended from time to time, and the provisions hereinafter set forth;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby declare that:

 

(i)       the Trustees will hold all cash, securities and other assets that they may from time to time acquire in any manner as Trustees hereunder IN TRUST and will manage and dispose of the same upon the following terms and conditions for the benefit of the holders from time to time of Shares created hereunder as hereinafter set forth; and

 

(iii)       this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws shall be binding in accordance with their terms on every Trustee, by virtue of having become a Trustee of the Trust, and on every Shareholder, by virtue of having become a Shareholder of the Trust, pursuant to the terms of the Declaration of Trust and/or this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws.

 

ARTICLE I

NAME; OFFICES; REGISTERED AGENT; DEFINITIONS

 

Section 1. Name. This Trust shall be known as “ETF Opportunities Trust” and the Board of Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name, or any other name as it may from time to time designate.

 

1 

 

 

Section 2. Offices of the Trust. The Board may at any time establish offices of the Trust at any place or places where the Trust intends to do business.

 

Section 3. Registered Agent and Registered Office. The name of the registered agent of the Trust and the address of the registered office of the Trust are as set forth in the Trust’s Certificate of Trust.

 

Section 4. Definitions. Whenever used herein, unless otherwise required by the context or specifically provided:

 

(a)             “1940 Act” shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder, all as adopted or amended from time to time;

 

(b)            “Affiliate” shall have the same meaning as “affiliated person” as such term is defined in the 1940 Act when used with reference to a specified Person, as defined below;

 

(c)             “Board of Trustees” shall mean the governing body of the Trust, that is comprised of the number of Trustees of the Trust fixed from time to time pursuant to Article IV hereof, having the powers and duties set forth herein;

 

(d)            “By-Laws” shall mean By-Laws of the Trust, as amended or restated from time to time in accordance with Article VIII therein. Such By-Laws may contain any provision not inconsistent with applicable law or this Declaration of Trust, relating to the governance of the Trust;

 

(e)             “Certificate of Trust” shall mean the certificate of trust of the Trust filed on March 18, 2019 with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, as such certificate has been or shall be amended or restated from time to time;

 

(f)             “Class” shall mean each class of Shares of the Trust or of a Series of the Trust established and designated under and in accordance with the provisions of Article III hereof;

 

(g)            “Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the rules and regulations thereunder, all as adopted or amended from time to time;

 

(h)            “Commission” shall have the meaning given that term in the 1940 Act;

 

(i)              “Creation Unit” has the meaning set forth in Article III, Section 3;

 

(j)              “DSTA” shall mean the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (12 Del. C. § 3801, et seq.), as amended from time to time;

 

(k)            “Declaration of Trust” shall mean this Declaration of Trust, including resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Trust that have been adopted prior to the date of this document, or that may be adopted hereafter, regarding the establishment and designation of Series and/or Classes of Shares of the Trust, and any amendments or modifications to such resolutions, as of the date of the adoption of each such resolution;

 

2 

 

 

(l)              “General Liabilities” shall have the meaning given it in Article III, Section 6(b) of this Declaration of Trust;

 

(m)          “Interested Person” shall have the meaning given that term in the 1940 Act;

 

(n)            “Investment Adviser” or “Adviser” shall mean a Person, as defined below, furnishing services to the Trust pursuant to any investment advisory or investment management contract described in Article IV, Section 6(a) hereof;

 

(o)            “National Financial Emergency” shall mean the whole or any part of any period during (i) which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Trust of securities or other assets owned by the Trust is not reasonably practicable; (ii) which it is not reasonably practicable for the Trust fairly to determine the net asset value of its assets; or (iii) such other period as the Commission may by order permit for the protection of investors;

 

(p)            “Person” shall mean a natural person, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, corporation, organization, custodian, nominee or any other individual or entity in its own or any representative capacity, in each case, whether domestic or foreign, and a statutory trust or a foreign statutory or business trust;

 

(q)            “Principal Underwriter” shall have the meaning given that term in the 1940 Act;

 

(r)             “Schedule A” has the meaning set forth in Article III, Section 6;

 

(s)             “Series” shall mean each Series of Shares established and designated under and in accordance with the provisions of Article III hereof;

 

(t)              “Shares” shall mean the transferable shares of beneficial interest into which the beneficial interest in the Trust have been or shall be divided from time to time, and shall include fractional and whole Shares;

 

(u)            “Shareholder” shall mean a record owner of Shares pursuant to the By-Laws;

 

(v)            “Trust” shall mean ETF Opportunities Trust, the Delaware statutory trust formed by filing of the Certificate of Trust with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware;

 

(w)           “Trust Property” shall mean any and all property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of the Trust, or one or more of any Series thereof, including, without limitation, the rights referenced in Article X, Section 5 hereof; and

 

(x)            “Trustee” or “Trustees” shall mean each Person who signs this Declaration of Trust as a trustee and all other Persons who may, from time to time, be duly elected or appointed, qualified and serving on the Board of Trustees in accordance with the provisions hereof and the By-Laws, so long as such signatory or other Person continues in office in accordance with the terms hereof and the By-Laws. Reference herein to a Trustee or the Trustees shall refer to such Person or Persons in such Person’s or Persons’ capacity as a trustee or trustees hereunder and under the By-Laws.

 

3 

 

 

ARTICLE II

PURPOSE OF TRUST

 

The purpose of the Trust is to conduct, operate and carry on the business of a registered management investment company registered under the 1940 Act, directly, or if one or more Series is established hereunder, through one or more Series, investing primarily in securities, and to exercise all of the powers, rights and privileges granted to, or conferred upon, a statutory trust formed under the DSTA, including, without limitation, the following powers:

 

(a)             To hold, invest and reinvest its funds, and in connection therewith, to make any changes in the investment of the assets of the Trust, to hold part or all of its funds in cash, to hold cash uninvested, to subscribe for, invest in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, pledge, sell, assign, mortgage, transfer, exchange, distribute, write options on, lend or otherwise deal in or dispose of contracts for the future acquisition or delivery of fixed income or other securities, and securities or property of every nature and kind, including, without limitation, all types of bonds, debentures, stocks, shares, units of beneficial interest, preferred stocks, negotiable or non-negotiable instruments, obligations, evidences of indebtedness, money market instruments, certificates of deposit or indebtedness, bills, notes, mortgages, commercial paper, repurchase or reverse repurchase agreements, bankers’ acceptances, finance paper, and any options, certificates, receipts, warrants, futures contracts or other instruments representing rights to receive, purchase or subscribe for the same, or evidencing or representing any other rights or interests therein or in any property or assets, and other securities of any kind, as the foregoing are issued, created, guaranteed, or sponsored by any and all Persons, including, without limitation, states, territories, and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and any political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof, any foreign government or any political subdivision of the U.S. Government or any foreign government, or any international instrumentality, or by any bank or savings institution, or by any corporation or organization organized under the laws of the United States or of any state, territory, or possession thereof, or by any corporation or organization organized under any foreign law, or in “when issued” contracts for any such securities;

 

(b)            To exercise any and all rights, powers and privileges with reference to or incident to ownership or interest, use and enjoyment of any of such securities and other instruments or property of every kind and description, including, but without limitation, the right, power and privilege to own, vote, hold, purchase, sell, negotiate, assign, exchange, lend, transfer, mortgage, hypothecate, lease, pledge or write options with respect to or otherwise deal with, dispose of, use, exercise or enjoy any rights, title, interest, powers or privileges under or with reference to any of such securities and other instruments or property, the right to consent and otherwise act with respect thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons, to exercise any of said rights, powers, and privileges in respect of any of said instruments, and to do any and all acts and things for the preservation, protection, improvement and enhancement in value of any of such securities and other instruments or property;

 

4 

 

 

(c)             To sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, lease or write options with respect to or otherwise deal in any property rights relating to any or all of the assets of the Trust or any Series, subject to any requirements of the 1940 Act;

 

(d)            To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver proxies or powers of attorney to such Person or Persons as the Trustees shall deem proper, granting to such Person or Persons such power and discretion with relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;

 

(e)             To exercise powers and right of subscription or otherwise which in any manner arise out of ownership of securities and/or other property;

 

(f)             To hold any security or property in a form not indicating that it is trust property, whether in bearer, unregistered or other negotiable form, or in its own name or in the name of a custodian or subcustodian or a nominee or nominees or otherwise or to authorize the custodian or a subcustodian or a nominee or nominees to deposit the same in a securities depository, subject in each case to proper safeguards according to the usual practice of investment companies or any rules or regulations applicable thereto;

 

(g)            To consent to, or participate in, any plan for the reorganization, consolidation or merger of any corporation or issuer of any security which is held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase or sale of property by such corporation or issuer; and to pay calls or subscriptions with respect to any security held in the Trust;

 

(h)            To join with other security holders in acting through a committee, depositary, voting trustee or otherwise, and in that connection to deposit any security with, or transfer any security to, any such committee, depositary or trustee, and to delegate to them such power and authority with relation to any security (whether or not so deposited or transferred) as the Trustees shall deem proper, and to agree to pay, and to pay, such portion of the expenses and compensation of such committee, depositary or trustee as the Trustees shall deem proper;

 

(i)              To compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or against the Trust or any matter in controversy, including but not limited to claims for taxes;

 

(j)              To enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships and any other combinations or associations;

 

(k)            To endorse or guarantee the payment of any notes or other obligations of any Person; to make contracts of guaranty or suretyship, or otherwise assume liability for payment thereof;

 

(l)              To purchase and pay for entirely out of Trust Property such insurance as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the business, including, without limitation, insurance policies insuring the assets of the Trust or payment of distributions and principal on its portfolio investments, and insurance policies insuring the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees, agents, Investment Advisers, Principal Underwriters, or independent contractors of the Trust, individually against all claims and liabilities of every nature arising by reason of holding Shares, holding, being or having held any such office or position, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted by any such Person as Trustee, officer, employee, agent, Investment Adviser, Principal Underwriter, or independent contractor, to the fullest extent permitted by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws and by applicable law;

 

5 

 

 

(m)          To adopt, establish and carry out pension, profit-sharing, share bonus, share purchase, savings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit plans, trusts and provisions, including the purchasing of life insurance and annuity contracts as a means of providing such retirement and other benefits, for any or all of the Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust;

 

(n)            To purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, sell, negotiate, exchange, assign, transfer, mortgage, pledge or otherwise deal with, dispose of, use, exercise or enjoy, property of all kinds;

 

(o)            To buy, sell, mortgage, encumber, hold, own, exchange, rent or otherwise acquire and dispose of, and to develop, improve, manage, subdivide, and generally to deal and trade in real property, improved and unimproved, and wheresoever situated; and to build, erect, construct, alter and maintain buildings, structures, and other improvements on real property;

 

(p)            To borrow or raise moneys for any of the purposes of the Trust, and to mortgage or pledge the whole or any part of the property and franchises of the Trust, real, personal, and mixed, tangible or intangible, and wheresoever situated;

 

(q)            To enter into, make and perform contracts and undertakings of every kind for any lawful purpose, without limit as to amount;

 

(r)             To issue, purchase, sell and transfer, reacquire, hold, trade and deal in stocks, Shares, bonds, debentures and other securities, instruments or other property of the Trust, from time to time, to such extent as the Board of Trustees shall, consistent with the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, determine; and to re-acquire and redeem, from time to time, its Shares or, if any, its bonds, debentures and other securities;

 

(s)             To engage in and to prosecute, defend, compromise, abandon, or adjust, by arbitration, or otherwise, any actions, suits, proceedings, disputes, claims, and demands relating to the Trust, and out of the assets of the Trust to pay or to satisfy any debts, claims or expenses incurred in connection therewith, including those of litigation, and such power shall include without limitation the power of the Trustees or any appropriate committee thereof, in the exercise of their or its good faith business judgment, to dismiss any action, suit, proceeding, dispute, claim, or demand, derivative or otherwise, brought by any Person, including a Shareholder in the Shareholder’s own name or the name of the Trust, whether or not the Trust or any of the Trustees may be named individually therein or the subject matter arises by reason of business for or on behalf of the Trust;

 

(t)              To exercise and enjoy, in Delaware and in any other states, territories, districts and United States dependencies and in foreign countries, all of the foregoing powers, rights and privileges, and the enumeration of the foregoing powers shall not be deemed to exclude any powers, rights or privileges so granted or conferred; and

 

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(u)            In general, to carry on any other business in connection with or incidental to its trust purposes, to do everything necessary, suitable or proper for the accomplishment of such purposes or for the attainment of any object or the furtherance of any power hereinbefore set forth, either alone or in association with others, and to do every other act or thing incidental or appurtenant to, or growing out of, or connected with, its business or purposes, objects or powers.

 

The Trust shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before the possible dissolution of the Trust or one or more of its Series. Neither the Trust nor the Board of Trustees shall be required to obtain any court order to deal with any assets of the Trust or take any other action hereunder.

 

The foregoing clauses shall each be construed as purposes, objects and powers, and it is hereby expressly provided that the foregoing enumeration of specific purposes, objects and powers shall not be held to limit or restrict in any manner the powers of the Trust, and that they are in furtherance of, and in addition to, and not in limitation of, the general powers conferred upon the Trust by the DSTA and the other laws of the State of Delaware or otherwise; nor shall the enumeration of one thing be deemed to exclude another, although it be of like nature, not expressed.

 

ARTICLE III

SHARES

 

Section 1. Division of Beneficial Interest.

 

(a)             The beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided into Shares, each Share with no par value. The number of Shares in the Trust authorized hereunder, and of each Series and Class as may be established from time to time, is unlimited. The Board of Trustees may authorize the division of Shares into separate Classes of Shares and into separate and distinct Series of Shares and the division of any Series into separate Classes of Shares in accordance with the 1940 Act. As of the effective date of this Declaration of Trust, any new Series and Classes shall be established and designated pursuant to Article III, Section 6 hereof. If no separate Series or Classes of Series shall be established, the Shares shall have the rights, powers and duties provided for herein and in Article III, Section 6 hereof to the extent relevant and not otherwise provided for herein, and all references to Series and Classes shall be construed (as the context may require) to refer to the Trust.

 

  (i) The fact that the Trust shall have one or more established and designated Classes of the Trust, shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate additional Classes of the Trust. The fact that one or more Classes of the Trust shall have initially been established and designated without any specific establishment or designation of a Series (i.e., that all Shares of the Trust are initially Shares of one or more Classes) shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to later establish and designate a Series and establish and designate the Class or Classes of the Trust as Class or Classes, respectively, of such Series.

 

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  (ii) The fact that a Series shall have initially been established and designated without any specific establishment or designation of Classes (i.e., that all Shares of such Series are initially of a single Class) shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate separate Classes of said Series. The fact that a Series shall have more than one established and designated Class, shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate additional Classes of said Series.

 

(b)            The Board of Trustees shall have the power to issue authorized, but unissued Shares of beneficial interest of the Trust, or any Series and Class thereof, from time to time for such consideration paid wholly or partly in cash, securities or other property, as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Trustees, subject to any requirements or limitations of the 1940 Act. The Board of Trustees, on behalf of the Trust, may acquire and hold as treasury shares, reissue for such consideration and on such terms as it may determine, or cancel, at its discretion from time to time, any Shares reacquired by the Trust. The Board of Trustees may classify or reclassify any unissued Shares of beneficial interest or any Shares of beneficial interest of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof, that were previously issued and are reacquired, into one or more Series or Classes that may be established and designated from time to time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust and any Series thereof may acquire, hold, sell and otherwise deal in, for purposes of investment or otherwise, the Shares of any other Series of the Trust or Shares of the Trust, and such Shares shall not be deemed treasury shares or cancelled.

 

(c)             Subject to the provisions of Section 6 of this Article III, each Share shall entitle the holder to voting rights as provided in Article V hereof. Shareholders shall have no preemptive or other right to subscribe for new or additional authorized, but unissued Shares or other securities issued by the Trust or any Series thereof. The Board of Trustees may from time to time divide or combine the Shares of the Trust or any particular Series thereof into a greater or lesser number of Shares of the Trust or that Series, respectively. Such division or combination shall not materially change the proportionate beneficial interests of the holders of Shares of the Trust or that Series, as the case may be, in the Trust Property at the time of such division or combination that is held with respect to the Trust or that Series, as the case may be.

 

(d)            Any Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust, and any organization in which any such Person has an economic or other interest, may acquire, own, hold and dispose of Shares of beneficial interest in the Trust or any Series and Class thereof, whether such Shares are authorized but unissued, or already outstanding, to the same extent as if such Person were not a Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust; and the Trust or any Series may issue and sell and may purchase such Shares from any such Person or any such organization, subject to the limitations, restrictions or other provisions applicable to the sale or purchase of such Shares herein and the 1940 Act.

 

Section 2. Ownership of Shares. The ownership of Shares shall be recorded on the books of the Trust kept by the Trust or by a transfer or similar agent for the Trust, which books shall be maintained separately for the Shares of the Trust and each Series and each Class thereof that has been established and designated. No certificates certifying the ownership of Shares shall be issued except as the Board of Trustees may otherwise determine from time to time. The Board of Trustees may make such rules not inconsistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act as it considers appropriate for the issuance of Share certificates, the transfer of Shares of the Trust and each Series and Class thereof, if any, and similar matters. The record books of the Trust as kept by the Trust or any transfer or similar agent, as the case may be, shall be conclusive as to who are the Shareholders of the Trust and each Series and Class thereof and as to the number of Shares of the Trust and each Series and Class thereof held from time to time by each such Shareholder.

 

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Section 3. Sale of Shares. Subject to the 1940 Act and applicable law, the Trust may sell its authorized but unissued Shares of beneficial interest to such Persons, at such times, on such terms, and for such consideration as the Board of Trustees may from time to time authorize. The Shares of any Series, if the Trustees so determine, shall be issued only in aggregations of such number of those shares (each, a “Creation Unit”) and on such days as the Trustees determine or as determined pursuant to procedures or methods the Trustees prescribe or approve from time to time with respect to such Series. In connection with the issuance of such Creation Units, the Trustees may change such transaction fees or other fees as they determine in their sole discretion and without shareholder approval. A Series will not issue fractional Creation Units. The Trustees shall have the unrestricted power to alter the number of shares constituting a Creation Unit by resolution adopted by them, at any time. Each sale shall be credited to the individual purchaser’s account in the form of full (and, unless the shareholder is purchasing a Creation Unit, fractional) Shares of the Trust or such Series thereof (and Class thereof, if any), as the purchaser may select, at the net asset value per Share, subject to Section 22 of the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations adopted thereunder; provided, however, that the Board of Trustees may, in its sole discretion, permit the Principal Underwriter to impose a sales charge upon any such sale. Every Shareholder by virtue of having become a Shareholder shall be deemed to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms of this Declaration of Trust and to have become bound as a party hereto.

 

Section 4. Status of Shares and Limitation of Personal Liability. Shares shall be deemed to be personal property giving to Shareholders only the rights provided in this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, and under applicable law. Ownership of Shares shall not entitle the Shareholder to any title in or to the whole or any part of the Trust Property or right to call for a partition or division of the same or for an accounting, nor shall the ownership of Shares constitute the Shareholders as partners. Subject to Article VIII, Section 1 hereof, the death, incapacity, dissolution, termination, or bankruptcy of a Shareholder during the existence of the Trust and any Series thereof shall not operate to dissolve the Trust or any such Series, nor entitle the representative of any deceased, incapacitated, dissolved, terminated or bankrupt Shareholder to an accounting or to take any action in court or elsewhere against the Trust, the Trustees or any such Series, but entitles such representative only to the rights of said deceased, incapacitated, dissolved, terminated or bankrupt Shareholder under this Declaration of Trust. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust, shall have any power to bind personally any Shareholder, nor, except as specifically provided herein, to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay. Each Share, when issued on the terms determined by the Board of Trustees, shall be fully paid and nonassessable. As provided in the DSTA, Shareholders shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability as that extended to stockholders of a private corporation organized for profit under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

 

Section 5. Power of Board of Trustees to Make Tax Status Election. The Board of Trustees shall have the power, in its discretion, to make such elections as to the tax status of the Trust and any Series as may be permitted or required under the Code, without the vote of any Shareholder.

 

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Section 6. Establishment and Designation of Series and Classes. The establishment and designation of any Series or Class shall be effective, without the requirement of Shareholder approval, upon the adoption of a resolution by not less than a majority of the then Board of Trustees, which resolution shall set forth such establishment and designation and may provide, to the extent permitted by the DSTA, for rights, powers and duties of such Series or Class (including variations in the relative rights and preferences as between the different Series and Classes) otherwise than as provided herein. Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by reference upon adoption, and any resolutions that have been adopted prior to December 4, 2019 regarding the establishment and designation of Series and/or Classes of Shares of the Trust, and any amendments or modifications to such resolutions through the date hereof, are hereby incorporated herein as of the date of their adoption. Any such resolution may be amended by a further resolution of a majority of the Board of Trustees, and if Shareholder approval would be required to make such an amendment to the language set forth in this Declaration of Trust, such further resolution shall require the same Shareholder approval that would be necessary to make such amendment to the language set forth in this Declaration of Trust. Each such further resolution shall be incorporated herein by reference upon adoption. Each Series and Class shall be listed on Schedule A attached hereto (“Schedule A”), which shall be amended to reflect the addition or termination of any Series or Class and any officer of the Trust is hereby authorized to make such amendment; provided that the amendment of Schedule A shall not be a condition precedent to the establishment or termination of any Series or Class in accordance with this Declaration of Trust.

 

Each Series shall be separate and distinct from any other Series, separate and distinct records on the books of the Trust shall be maintained for each Series, and the assets and liabilities belonging to any such Series shall be held and accounted for separately from the assets and liabilities of the Trust or any other Series. Each Class of the Trust shall be separate and distinct from any other Class of the Trust. Each Class of a Series shall be separate and distinct from any other Class of the Series. As appropriate, in a manner determined by the Board of Trustees, the liabilities belonging to any such Class shall be held and accounted for separately from the liabilities of the Trust, the Series or any other Class and separate and distinct records on the books of the Trust for the Class shall be maintained for this purpose. Subject to Article II hereof, each such Series shall operate as a separate and distinct investment medium, with separately defined investment objectives and policies.

 

Shares of each Series (and Class where applicable) established and designated pursuant to this Section 6 shall have the following rights, powers and duties, unless otherwise provided to the extent permitted by the DSTA, in the resolution establishing and designating such Series or Class:

 

(a)             Assets Held with Respect to a Particular Series. All consideration received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series, together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or reinvested, all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall irrevocably be held with respect to that Series for all purposes, subject only to the rights of creditors with respect to that Series, and shall be so recorded upon the books of account of the Trust. Such consideration, assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds, in whatever form the same may be, are herein referred to as “assets held with respect to” that Series. In the event that there are any assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, funds or payments which are not readily identifiable as assets held with respect to any particular Series (collectively “General Assets”), the Board of Trustees, or an appropriate officer as determined by the Board of Trustees, shall allocate such General Assets to, between or among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees, in its sole discretion, deems fair and equitable, and any General Asset so allocated to a particular Series shall be held with respect to that Series. Each such allocation by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.

 

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(b)            Liabilities Held with Respect to a Particular Series or Class. The assets of the Trust held with respect to a particular Series shall be charged with the liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses of the Trust incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to such Series. Such liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Series are herein referred to as “liabilities held with respect to” that Series. Any liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses of the Trust which are not readily identifiable as being liabilities held with respect to any particular Series (collectively “General Liabilities”) shall be allocated by the Board of Trustees, or an appropriate officer as determined by the Board of Trustees, to and among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees in its sole discretion deems fair and equitable. Each allocation of liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes. All Persons who have extended credit that has been allocated to a particular Series, or who have a claim or contract that has been allocated to any particular Series, shall look exclusively to the assets of that particular Series for payment of such credit, claim, or contract. In the absence of an express contractual agreement so limiting the claims of such creditors, claimants and contract providers, each creditor, claimant and contract provider shall be deemed nevertheless to have impliedly agreed to such limitation.

 

Subject to the right of the Board of Trustees in its discretion to allocate General Liabilities as provided herein, the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Series hereafter authorized and existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust, shall be enforceable against the assets held with respect to that Series only, and not against the assets of any other Series or the Trust generally and none of the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other Series thereof shall be enforceable against the assets held with respect to such Series. Notice of this limitation on liabilities between and among Series has been set forth in the Certificate of Trust filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the DSTA, and having given such notice in the Certificate of Trust, the statutory provisions of Section 3804 of the DSTA relating to limitations on liabilities between and among Series (and the statutory effect under Section 3804 of setting forth such notice in the Certificate of Trust) are applicable to the Trust and each Series.

 

Liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses related to the distribution of, and other identified expenses that should or may properly be allocated to, the Shares of a particular Class may be charged to and borne solely by such Class. The bearing of expenses solely by a particular Class of Shares may be appropriately reflected (in a manner determined by the Board of Trustees) and may affect the net asset value attributable to, and the dividend, redemption and liquidation rights of, such Class. Each allocation of liabilities, debts, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Classes for all purposes. All Persons who have extended credit that has been allocated to a particular Class, or who have a claim or contract that has been allocated to any particular Class, shall look, and may be required by contract to look, exclusively to that particular Class for payment of such credit, claim, or contract.

 

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(c)             Dividends, Distributions and Redemptions. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, including, without limitation, Article VI hereof, no dividend or distribution including, without limitation, any distribution paid upon dissolution of the Trust or of any Series with respect to, nor any redemption of, the Shares of any Series or Class of such Series shall be effected by the Trust other than from the assets held with respect to such Series, nor, except as specifically provided in Section 7 of this Article III, shall any Shareholder of any particular Series otherwise have any right or claim against the assets held with respect to any other Series or the Trust generally except, in the case of a right or claim against the assets held with respect to any other Series, to the extent that such Shareholder has such a right or claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series. The Board of Trustees shall have full discretion, to the extent not inconsistent with the 1940 Act, to determine which items shall be treated as income and which items as capital; and each such determination and allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders.

 

(d)            Voting. All Shares of the Trust entitled to vote on a matter shall vote in the aggregate without differentiation between the Shares of the separate Series, if any, or separate Classes, if any; provided that (i) with respect to any matter that affects only the interests of some but not all Series, then only the Shares of such affected Series, voting separately, shall be entitled to vote on the matter, (ii) with respect to any matter that affects only the interests of some but not all Classes, then only the Shares of such affected Classes, voting separately, shall be entitled to vote on the matter; and (iii) notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any matter as to which the 1940 Act or other applicable law or regulation requires voting, by Series or by Class, then the Shares of the Trust shall vote as prescribed in such law or regulation.

 

(e)             Equality. Each Share of any particular Series shall be equal to each other Share of such Series (subject to the rights and preferences with respect to separate Classes of such Series).

 

(f)             Fractions. A fractional Share of a Series shall carry proportionately all the rights and obligations of a whole Share of such Series, including rights with respect to voting, receipt of dividends and distributions, redemption of Shares and dissolution of the Trust or that Series.

 

(g)            Exchange Privilege. The Board of Trustees shall have the authority to provide that the holders of Shares of any Series shall have the right to exchange said Shares for Shares of one or more other Series in accordance with such requirements and procedures as may be established by the Board of Trustees, and in accordance with the 1940 Act.

 

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(h)           Combination of Series or Classes.

 

(i) The Board of Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval, vote or consent of the Shareholders of any Series, unless otherwise required by applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities held with respect to any two or more Series into assets and liabilities held with respect to a single Series; provided that upon completion of such combination of Series, the interest of each Shareholder, in the combined assets and liabilities held with respect to the combined Series shall equal the interest of each such Shareholder in the aggregate of the assets and liabilities held with respect to the Series that were combined.
(ii) The Board of Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval, vote or consent of the Shareholders of any Series or Class, unless otherwise required by applicable law, to combine, merge or otherwise consolidate the Shares of two or more Classes of Shares of a Series with and/or into a single Class of Shares of such Series, with such designation, preference, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications, terms and conditions of redemption and other characteristics as the Trustees may determine; provided, however, that the Trustees shall provide written notice to the affected Shareholders of any such transaction.
(iii) The transactions in (i) and (ii) above may be effected through share-for-share exchanges, transfers or sales of assets, Shareholder in-kind redemptions and purchases, exchange offers, or any other method approved by the Trustees.

(i)           Dissolution or Termination. Any particular Series shall be dissolved upon the occurrence of the applicable dissolution events set forth in Article VIII, Section 1 hereof. Upon dissolution of a particular Series, the Trustees shall wind up the affairs of such Series in accordance with Article VIII, Section 1 hereof and thereafter, rescind the establishment and designation thereof. The Board of Trustees shall terminate any particular Class and rescind the establishment and designation thereof: (i) upon approval by a majority of votes cast at a meeting of the Shareholders of such Class, provided a quorum of Shareholders of such Class are present, or by action of the Shareholders of such Class by written consent without a meeting pursuant to Article V, Section 3; or (ii) at the discretion of the Board of Trustees either (A) at any time there are no Shares outstanding of such Class, or (B) upon prior written notice to the Shareholders of such Class; provided, however, that upon the rescission of the establishment and designation of any particular Series, every Class of such Series shall thereby be terminated and its establishment and designation rescinded. Each resolution of the Board of Trustees pursuant to this Section 6(i) shall be incorporated herein by reference upon adoption.

 

Section 7. Indemnification of Shareholders. No shareholder as such shall be subject to any personal liability whatsoever to any Person in connection with Trust Property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the Trust. If any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be exposed to liability, charged with liability, or held personally liable, for any obligations or liability of the Trust, by reason of a claim or demand relating exclusively to his or her being or having been a Shareholder of the Trust or a Shareholder of a particular Series thereof, and not because of such Shareholder’s actions or omissions, such Shareholder or former Shareholder (or, in the case of a natural person, his or her heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of the Trust or out of the assets of such Series thereof, as the case may be, against all loss and expense, including without limitation, attorneys’ fees, arising from such claim or demand; provided, however, such indemnity shall not cover (i) any taxes due or paid by reason of such Shareholder’s ownership of any Shares and (ii) expenses charged to a Shareholder pursuant to Article IV, Section 5 hereof.

 

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ARTICLE IV

THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES

 

Section 1. Number, Election, Term, Removal and Resignation.

 

(a)             In accordance with Section 3801 of the DSTA, each Trustee shall become a Trustee and be bound by this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws when such Person signs this Declaration of Trust as a trustee and/or is duly elected or appointed, qualified and serving on the Board of Trustees in accordance with the provisions hereof and the By-Laws, so long as such signatory or other Person continues in office in accordance with the terms hereof.

 

(b)            The number of Trustees constituting the entire Board of Trustees may be fixed from time to time by the vote of a majority of the then Board of Trustees; provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be less than one (1) nor more than fifteen (15). The number of Trustees shall not be reduced so as to shorten the term of any Trustee then in office.

 

(c)             Each Trustee shall hold office for the lifetime of the Trust or until such Trustee’s earlier death, resignation, removal, retirement or inability otherwise to serve, or, if sooner than any of such events, until the next meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of electing Trustees or consent of Shareholders in lieu thereof for the election of Trustees, and until the election and qualification of his or her successor.

 

(d)            Any Trustee may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board of Trustees, by action of a majority of the Trustees then in office, or by vote of the Shareholders at any meeting called for that purpose.

 

(e)             Any Trustee may resign at any time by giving written notice to the secretary of the Trust or to a meeting of the Board of Trustees. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt, unless specified to be effective at some later time.

 

Section 2. Trustee Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting. To the extent not inconsistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act, any action that may be taken at any meeting of the Board of Trustees or any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting and without prior written notice if a consent or consents in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the Trustees having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which all Trustees on the Board of Trustees or any committee thereof, as the case may be, were present and voted. Written consents of the Trustees may be executed in one or more counterparts. A consent transmitted by electronic transmission (as defined in Section 3806 of the DSTA) by a Trustee shall be deemed to be written and signed for purposes of this Section. All such consents shall be filed with the secretary of the Trust and shall be maintained in the Trust’s records.

 

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Section 3. Powers; Other Business Interests; Quorum and Required Vote.

 

(a)             Powers. Subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the business of the Trust (including every Series thereof) shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees, and such Board of Trustees shall have all powers necessary or convenient to carry out that responsibility. The Board of Trustees shall have full power and authority to do any and all acts and to make and execute any and all contracts and instruments that it may consider necessary or appropriate in connection with the operation and administration of the Trust (including every Series thereof). The Board of Trustees shall not be bound or limited by present or future laws or customs with regard to investments by trustees or fiduciaries, but, subject to the other provisions of this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws, shall have full authority and absolute power and control over the assets and the business of the Trust (including every Series thereof) to the same extent as if the Board of Trustees was the sole owner of such assets and business in its own right, including such authority, power and control to do all acts and things as it, in its sole discretion, shall deem proper to accomplish the purposes of this Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Board of Trustees may, subject to the requisite vote for such actions as set forth in this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws: (1) adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with applicable law or this Declaration of Trust; (2) amend, restate and repeal such By-Laws, subject to and in accordance with the provisions of such By-Laws; (3) fill vacancies on the Board of Trustees in accordance with this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws; (4) elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents as it considers appropriate, in accordance with this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws; (5) establish and terminate one or more committees of the Board of Trustees pursuant to the By-Laws; (6) place Trust Property in custody as required by the 1940 Act, employ one or more custodians of the Trust Property and authorize such custodians to employ sub-custodians and to place all or any part of such Trust Property with a custodian or a custodial system meeting the requirements of the 1940 Act; (7) retain a transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, a shareholder servicing agent or administrative services agent, or any number thereof or any other service provider as deemed appropriate; (8) provide for the issuance and distribution of shares of beneficial interest in the Trust or other securities or financial instruments directly or through one or more Principal Underwriters or otherwise; (9) retain one or more Investment Adviser(s); (10) re-acquire and redeem Shares on behalf of the Trust and transfer Shares pursuant to applicable law; (11) set record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various matters, in the manner provided in Article V, Section 4 of this Declaration of Trust; (12) declare and pay dividends and distributions to Shareholders from the Trust Property, in accordance with this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws; (13) establish, designate and redesignate from time to time, in accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof, any Series or Class of the Trust or of a Series; (14) hire personnel as staff for the Board of Trustees or, for those Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the Trust, the Investment Adviser, or the Principal Underwriter, set the compensation to be paid by the Trust to such personnel, exercise exclusive supervision of such personnel, and remove one or more of such personnel, at the discretion of the Board of Trustees; (15) retain special counsel, other experts and/or consultants for the Board of Trustees, for those Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the Trust, the Investment Adviser, or the Principal Underwriter, and/or for one or more of the committees of the Board of Trustees, set the compensation to be paid by the Trust to such special counsel, other experts and/or consultants, and remove one or more of such special counsel, other experts and/or consultants, at the discretion of the Board of Trustees; (16) engage in and prosecute, defend, compromise, abandon, or adjust, by arbitration, or otherwise, any actions, suits, proceedings, disputes, claims, and demands relating to the Trust, and out of the assets of the Trust to pay or to satisfy any debts, claims or expenses incurred in connection therewith, including those of litigation, and such power shall include, without limitation, the power of the Trustees, or any appropriate committee thereof, in the exercise of their or its good faith business judgment, to dismiss any action, suit, proceeding, dispute, claim or demand, derivative or otherwise, brought by any person, including a shareholder in its own name or in the name of the Trust, whether or not the Trust or any of the Trustees may be named individually therein or the subject matter arises by reason of business for or on behalf of the Trust; and (17) in general delegate such authority as it considers desirable to any Trustee or officer of the Trust, to any committee of the Trust, to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing agent, Principal Underwriter, Investment Adviser, or other service provider.

 

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The powers of the Board of Trustees set forth in this Section 3(a) are without prejudice to any other powers of the Board of Trustees set forth in this Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws. Any determination as to what is in the best interests of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof and its Shareholders made by the Board of Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive. In construing the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to the Board of Trustees.

 

(b)            Other Business Interests. The Trustees shall devote to the affairs of the Trust (including every Series thereof) such time as may be necessary for the proper performance of their duties hereunder, but neither the Trustees nor the officers, directors, shareholders, partners or employees of the Trustees, if any, shall be expected to devote their full time to the performance of such duties. The Trustees, or any Affiliate, shareholder, officer, director, partner or employee thereof, or any Person owning a legal or beneficial interest therein, may engage in, or possess an interest in, any business or venture other than the Trust or any Series thereof, of any nature and description, independently or with or for the account of others. None of the Trust, any Series thereof or any Shareholder shall have the right to participate or share in such other business or venture or any profit or compensation derived therefrom.

 

(c)             Quorum and Required Vote. At all meetings of the Board of Trustees, a majority of the Board of Trustees then in office shall be present in person in order to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the departure of Trustees from the meeting, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting. Subject to Article III, Sections 1 and 6 of the By-Laws and except as otherwise provided herein or required by applicable law, the vote of not less than a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Trustees.

 

Section 4. Payment of Expenses by the Trust. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof, an authorized officer of the Trust shall pay or cause to be paid out of the principal or income of the Trust or any particular Series or Class thereof, or partly out of the principal and partly out of the income of the Trust or any particular Series or Class thereof, and charge or allocate the same to, between or among such one or more of the Series or Classes that may be established or designated pursuant to Article III, Section 6 hereof, as such officer deems fair, all expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities incurred by or arising in connection with the maintenance or operation of the Trust or a particular Series or Class thereof, or in connection with the management thereof, including, but not limited to, the Trustees’ compensation and such expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities associated with the services of the Trust’s officers, employees, Investment Adviser(s), Principal Underwriter, auditors, counsel, custodian, sub-custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, shareholder servicing agent, and such other agents or independent contractors and such other expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary or proper to incur.

 

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Section 5. Ownership of Trust Property. Legal title to all of the Trust Property shall at all times be vested in the Trust, except that the Board of Trustees shall have the power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by or in the name of any Person as nominee, on such terms as the Board of Trustees may determine, in accordance with applicable law.

 

Section 6. Service Contracts.

 

(a)             Subject to this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws and the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees may, at any time and from time to time, contract for exclusive or nonexclusive investment advisory or investment management services for the Trust or for any Series thereof with any corporation, trust, association or other organization, including any Affiliate; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the Board of Trustees may determine, including without limitation, delegation of authority to the Investment Adviser to determine from time to time without prior consultation with the Board of Trustees what securities and other instruments or property shall be purchased or otherwise acquired, owned, held, invested or reinvested in, sold, exchanged, transferred, mortgaged, pledged, assigned, negotiated, or otherwise dealt with or disposed of, and what portion, if any, of the Trust Property shall be held uninvested and to make changes in the Trust’s or a particular Series’ investments, or to engage in such other activities, including administrative services, as may specifically be delegated to such party.

 

(b)            The Board of Trustees may also, at any time and from time to time, contract with any Person, including any Affiliate, appointing it or them as the exclusive or nonexclusive placement agent, distributor or Principal Underwriter for the Shares of beneficial interest of the Trust or one or more of the Series or Classes thereof, or for other securities or financial instruments to be issued by the Trust, or appointing it or them to act as the administrator, fund accountant or accounting agent, custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and/or shareholder servicing agent for the Trust or one or more of the Series or Classes thereof.

 

(c)             The Board of Trustees is further empowered, at any time and from time to time, to contract with any Persons, including any Affiliates, to provide such other services to the Trust or one or more of its Series, as the Board of Trustees determines to be in the best interests of the Trust, such Series and its Shareholders.

 

(d)            The Trustees, on behalf of the Trust or any Series or Class, may enter into one or more contracts for processing Creation Units.

 

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(e)             None of the following facts or circumstances shall affect the validity of any of the contracts provided for in this Article IV, Section 6, or disqualify any Shareholder, Trustee, employee or officer of the Trust from voting upon or executing the same, or create any liability or accountability to the Trust, any Series thereof or the Shareholders, provided that the establishment of and performance of each such contract is permissible under the 1940 Act, and provided further that such Person is authorized to vote upon such contract under the 1940 Act:

 

  (i) the fact that any of the Shareholders, Trustees, employees or officers of the Trust is a shareholder, director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, manager, Adviser, placement agent, Principal Underwriter, distributor, or Affiliate or agent of or for any Person, or for any parent or Affiliate of any Person, with which any type of service contract provided for in this Article IV, Section 6 may have been or may hereafter be made, or that any such Person, or any parent or Affiliate thereof, is a Shareholder or has an interest in the Trust, or
  (ii) the fact that any Person with which any type of service contract provided for in this Article IV, Section 6 may have been or may hereafter be made also has such a service contract with one or more other Persons, or has other business or interests.

(f)             Every contract referred to in this Section 6 is required to comply with this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act, other applicable law and any stipulation by resolution of the Board of Trustees.

 

ARTICLE V

SHAREHOLDERS’ VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS

 

Section 1. Voting Powers. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Shareholders shall have the power to vote only (i) on such matters required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act, other applicable law and any registration statement of the Trust filed with the Commission, the registration of which is effective; and (ii) on such other matters as the Board of Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. Subject to Article III hereof, the Shareholder of record (as of the record date established pursuant to Section 4 of this Article V) of each Share shall be entitled to one vote for each full Share, and a fractional vote for each fractional Share. Shareholders shall not be entitled to cumulative voting in the election of Trustees or on any other matter.

 

Section 2. Quorum and Required Vote.

 

(a)             Forty percent (40%) of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote at a Shareholders’ meeting, which are present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at the Shareholders’ meeting, except when a larger quorum is required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, applicable law or the requirements of any securities exchange on which Shares are listed for trading, in which case such quorum shall comply with such requirements. When a separate vote by one or more Series or Classes is required, forty percent (40%) of the outstanding Shares of each such Series or Class entitled to vote at a Shareholders’ meeting of such Series or Class, which are present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at the Shareholders’ meeting of such Series or Class, except when a larger quorum is required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, applicable law or the requirements of any securities exchange on which Shares of such Series or Class are listed for trading, in which case such quorum shall comply with such requirements.

 

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(b)            Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section 6(d), when a quorum is present at any meeting, a majority of the votes cast shall decide any questions and a plurality shall elect a Trustee, except when a larger vote is required by any provision of this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or by applicable law. Pursuant to Article III, Section 6(d) hereof, where a separate vote by Series and, if applicable, by Class is required, the preceding sentence shall apply to such separate votes by Series and Classes.

 

(c)             Abstentions and broker non-votes will be treated as votes present at a Shareholders’ meeting; abstentions and broker non-votes will not be treated as votes cast at such meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes, therefore (i) will be included for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present; and (ii) will have no effect on proposals that require a plurality for approval, or on proposals requiring an affirmative vote of a majority of votes cast for approval.

 

Section 3. Shareholder Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting. Any action which may be taken at any meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a consent or consents in writing setting forth the action so taken is or are signed by the holders of a majority of the Shares entitled to vote on such action (or such different proportion thereof as shall be required by law, the Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws for approval of such action) and is or are received by the secretary of the Trust either: (i) by the date set by resolution of the Board of Trustees for the shareholder vote on such action; or (ii) if no date is set by resolution of the Board, within 30 days after the record date for such action as determined by reference to Article V, Section 4(b) hereof. The written consent for any such action may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and all of which when taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument. A consent transmitted by electronic transmission (as defined in the DSTA) by a Shareholder or by a Person or Persons authorized to act for a Shareholder shall be deemed to be written and signed for purposes of this Section. All such consents shall be filed with the secretary of the Trust and shall be maintained in the Trust’s records. Any Shareholder that has given a written consent or the Shareholder’s proxyholder or a personal representative of the Shareholder or its respective proxyholder may revoke the consent by a writing received by the secretary of the Trust either: (i) before the date set by resolution of the Board of Trustees for the shareholder vote on such action; or (ii) if no date is set by resolution of the Board, within 30 days after the record date for such action as determined by reference to Article V, Section 4(b) hereof.

 

Section 4. Record Dates.

 

(a)             For purposes of determining the Shareholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any meeting of Shareholders, the Board of Trustees may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Trustees, and which record date shall not be more than one hundred and twenty (120) days nor less than ten (10) days before the date of any such meeting. A determination of Shareholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Shareholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Trustees may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting and shall fix a new record date for any meeting that is adjourned for more than sixty (60) days from the date set for the original meeting. For purposes of determining the Shareholders entitled to vote on any action without a meeting, the Board of Trustees may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Trustees, and which record date shall not be more than thirty (30) days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Trustees.

 

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(b)            If the Board of Trustees does not so fix a record date:

 

  (i) the record date for determining Shareholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, a meeting of Shareholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
  (ii) the record date for determining Shareholders entitled to vote on any action by consent in writing without a meeting of Shareholders, (1) when no prior action by the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be the day on which the first signed written consent setting forth the action taken is delivered to the Trust, or (2) when prior action of the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Trustees adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

(c)             For the purpose of determining the Shareholders of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof who are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or of any other distribution of assets of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof (other than in connection with a dissolution of the Trust or a Series, a merger, consolidation, conversion, reorganization, or any other transactions, in each case that is governed by Article VIII of the Declaration of Trust), the Board of Trustees may:

 

  (i) from time to time fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) days before the date for the payment of such dividend and/or such other distribution;
  (ii) adopt standing resolutions fixing record dates and related payment dates at periodic intervals of any duration for the payment of such dividend and/or such other distribution; and/or
  (iii) delegate to an appropriate officer or officers of the Trust the determination of such periodic record and/or payments dates with respect to such dividend and/or such other distribution.

Nothing in this Section shall be construed as precluding the Board of Trustees from setting different record dates for different Series or Classes.

 

Section 5. Additional Provisions. The By-Laws may include further provisions for Shareholders’ votes, meetings and related matters.

 

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ARTICLE VI

NET ASSET VALUE; DISTRIBUTIONS;
REDEMPTIONS; TRANSFERS

 

Section 1. Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions.

 

(a)             Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to determine from time to time the offering price for authorized, but unissued, Shares of beneficial interest of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof, respectively, that shall yield to the Trust or such Series or Class not less than the net asset value thereof, in addition to any amount of applicable sales charge to be paid to the Principal Underwriter or the selling broker or dealer in connection with the sale of such Shares, at which price the Shares of the Trust or such Series or Class, respectively, shall be offered for sale, subject to any other requirements or limitations of the 1940 Act.

 

(b)            Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees may, subject to the 1940 Act, prescribe and shall set forth in the By-Laws, this Declaration of Trust or in a resolution of the Board of Trustees such bases and time for determining the net asset value per Share of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof, or net income attributable to the Shares of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof or the declaration and payment of dividends and distributions on the Shares of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof, as it may deem necessary or desirable, and such dividends and distributions may vary between the Classes to reflect differing allocations of the expenses of the Trust between such Classes to such extent and for such purposes as the Trustees may deem appropriate.

 

(c)             The Shareholders of the Trust or any Series or Class, if any, shall be entitled to receive dividends and distributions, when, if and as declared by the Board of Trustees with respect thereto, provided that with respect to Classes, such dividends and distributions shall comply with the 1940 Act. The right of Shareholders to receive dividends or other distributions on Shares of any Class may be set forth in a plan adopted by the Board of Trustees and amended from time to time pursuant to the 1940 Act. No Share shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of the Trust with respect to dividends or distributions paid in the ordinary course of business or distributions upon dissolution of the Trust made pursuant to Article VIII, Section 1 hereof; provided however, that

 

  (i) if the Shares of the Trust are divided into Series thereof, no Share of a particular Series shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of the same Series with respect to dividends or distributions paid in the ordinary course of business or distributions upon dissolution of the Trust or of such Series made pursuant to Article VIII, Section 1 hereof;
  (ii) if the Shares of the Trust are divided into Classes thereof, no Share of a particular Class shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of the same Class with respect to dividends or distributions paid in the ordinary course of business or distributions upon dissolution of the Trust made pursuant to Article VIII, Section 1 hereof; and

 

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  (iii) if the Shares of a Series are divided into Classes thereof, no Share of a particular Class of such Series shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of the same Class of such Series with respect to dividends or distributions paid in the ordinary course of business or distributions upon dissolution of such Series made pursuant to Article VIII, Section 1 hereof.

All dividends and distributions shall be made ratably among all Shareholders of the Trust, a particular Class of the Trust, a particular Series, or a particular Class of a Series from the Trust Property held with respect to the Trust, such Series or such Class, respectively, according to the number of Shares of the Trust, such Series or such Class held of record by such Shareholders on the record date for any dividend or distribution; provided however, that

 

  (iv) if the Shares of the Trust are divided into Series thereof, all dividends and distributions from the Trust Property and, if applicable, held with respect to such Series, shall be distributed to each Series thereof according to the net asset value computed for such Series and within such particular Series, shall be distributed ratably to the Shareholders of such Series according to the number of Shares of such Series held of record by such Shareholders on the record date for any dividend or distribution; and
  (v) if the Shares of the Trust or of a Series are divided into Classes thereof, all dividends and distributions from the Trust Property and, if applicable, held with respect to the Trust or such Series, shall be distributed to each Class thereof according to the net asset value computed for such Class and within such particular Class, shall be distributed ratably to the Shareholders of such Class according to the number of Shares of such Class held of record by such Shareholders on the record date for any dividend or distribution.

Dividends and distributions may be paid in cash, in kind or in Shares.

 

(d)            Before payment of any dividend there may be set aside out of any funds of the Trust, or the applicable Series thereof, available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Trustees may from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Trust, or any Series thereof, or for such other lawful purpose as the Board of Trustees shall deem to be in the best interests of the Trust, or the applicable Series, as the case may be, and the Board of Trustees may abolish any such reserve in the manner in which the reserve was created.

 

Section 2. Redemptions at the Option of a Shareholder. Unless otherwise provided in the prospectus of the Trust relating to the Shares, as such prospectus may be amended from time to time:

 

(a)             The Trust shall purchase such Shares as are offered by any Shareholder for redemption upon the presentation of a proper instrument of transfer together with a request directed to the Trust or a Person designated by the Trust that the Trust purchase such Shares and/or in accordance with such other procedures for redemption as the Board of Trustees may from time to time authorize. If certificates have been issued to a Shareholder, any request for redemption by such Shareholder must be accompanied by surrender of any outstanding certificate or certificates for such Shares in form for transfer, together with such proof of the authenticity of signatures as may reasonably be required on such Shares and accompanied by proper stock transfer stamps, if applicable. The Shares of any Series, if the Trustees so determine, shall be redeemable only in such Creation Unit aggregations and on such days as the Trustees determine or as determined pursuant to procedures or methods the Trustees prescribe or approve from time to time with respect to such Series. Each holder of a Creation Unit, on request to the Trust in accordance with procedures the Trustees establish, shall be entitled to require the Trust to redeem all or any number of such holder's Shares standing in the holder's name on the Trust's books (but only in full Creation Units in the case of any Series as to which the Trustees have determined that its Shares shall be redeemable only in full Creation Units), at a redemption price per share equal to an amount determined by the Trustees in accordance with applicable laws.

 

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(b)            The Trust shall pay for such Shares the net asset value thereof (excluding any applicable redemption fee or sales load), in accordance with this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act and other applicable law. Payments for Shares so redeemed by the Trust shall be made in cash, except payment for such Shares may, at the option of the Board of Trustees, or such officer or officers as it may duly authorize in its complete discretion, be made in kind or partially in cash and partially in kind. In case of any payment in kind, the Board of Trustees, or its authorized officers, shall have absolute discretion as to what security or securities of the Trust or the applicable Series shall be distributed in kind and the amount of the same; and the securities shall be valued for purposes of distribution at the value at which they were appraised in computing the then current net asset value of the Shares, provided that any Shareholder who cannot legally acquire securities so distributed in kind shall receive cash to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. Shareholders shall bear the expenses of in-kind transactions, including, but not limited to, transfer agency fees, custodian fees and costs of disposition of such securities.

 

(c)             Payment by the Trust for such redemption of Shares shall be made by the Trust to the Shareholder within seven days after the date on which the redemption request is received in proper form and/or such other procedures authorized by the Board of Trustees are complied with; provided, however, that if payment shall be made other than exclusively in cash, any securities to be delivered as part of such payment shall be delivered as promptly as any necessary transfers of such securities on the books of the several corporations whose securities are to be delivered practicably can be made, which may not necessarily occur within such seven-day period. In no case shall the Trust be liable for any delay of any corporation or other Person in transferring securities selected for delivery as all or part of any payment in kind.

 

(d)            The obligations of the Trust set forth in this Section 2 are subject to the provision that such obligations may be suspended or postponed by the Board of Trustees (1) during any time the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”) is closed for other than weekends or holidays; (2) if permitted by the rules of the Commission, during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted; or (3) during any National Financial Emergency. The Board of Trustees may, in its discretion, declare that the suspension relating to a National Financial Emergency shall terminate, as the case may be, on the first business day on which the Exchange shall have reopened or the period specified above shall have expired (as to which, in the absence of an official ruling by the Commission, the determination of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive).

 

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(e)             The right of any Shareholder of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof to receive dividends or other distributions on Shares redeemed and all other rights of such Shareholder with respect to the Shares so redeemed, except the right of such Shareholder to receive payment for such Shares, shall cease at the time the purchase price of such Shares shall have been fixed, as provided above.

 

Section 3. Redemptions at the Option of the Trust. At the option of the Board of Trustees the Trust may, from time to time, without the vote of the Shareholders, but subject to the 1940 Act, redeem Shares or authorize the closing of any Shareholder account, subject to such conditions as may be established from time to time by the Board of Trustees.

 

Section 4. Transfer of Shares. Shares shall be transferable in accordance with the provisions of the By-Laws.

 

ARTICLE VII

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
AND INDEMNIFICATION OF AGENT

 

Section 1. Limitation of Liability.

 

(a)             For the purpose of this Article, “Agent” means any Person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee or other agent of the Trust or is or was serving at the request of the Trust as a trustee, director, officer, employee or other agent of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise; “Proceeding” means any threatened, pending or completed action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative; and “Expenses” include without limitation attorneys’ fees and any expenses of establishing a right to indemnification under this Article.

 

(b)            An Agent shall be liable to the Trust and to any Shareholder for any act or omission that constitutes a bad faith violation of the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing, for such Agent’s own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Agent (such conduct referred to herein as “Disqualifying Conduct”), and for nothing else.

 

(c)             Subject to subsection (b) of this Section 1 and to the fullest extent that limitations on the liability of Agents are permitted by the DSTA, the Agents shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any act or omission of any other Agent of the Trust or any Investment Adviser or Principal Underwriter of the Trust.

 

(d)            No Agent, when acting in its respective capacity as such, shall be personally liable to any Person, other than the Trust or a Shareholder to the extent provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this Section 1, for any act, omission or obligation of the Trust or any Trustee thereof.

 

(e)             Each Trustee, officer and employee of the Trust shall, in the performance of his or her duties, be fully and completely justified and protected with regard to any act or any failure to act resulting from reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the Trust, upon an opinion of counsel, or upon reports made to the Trust by any of its officers or employees or by the Investment Adviser, the Principal Underwriter, any other Agent, selected dealers, accountants, appraisers or other experts or consultants selected with reasonable care by the Trustees, officers or employees of the Trust, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a Trustee. The officers and Trustees may obtain the advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, applicable law and their respective duties as officers or Trustees. No such officer or Trustee shall be liable for any act or omission in accordance with such advice, records and/or reports and no inference concerning liability shall arise from a failure to follow such advice, records and/or reports. The officers and Trustees shall not be required to give any bond hereunder, nor any surety if a bond is required by applicable law.

 

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(f)             The failure to make timely collection of dividends or interest, or to take timely action with respect to entitlements, on the Trust’s securities issued in emerging countries, shall not be deemed to be negligence or other fault on the part of any Agent, and no Agent shall have any liability for such failure or for any loss or damage resulting from the imposition by any government of exchange control restrictions which might affect the liquidity of the Trust’s assets or from any war or political act of any foreign government to which such assets might be exposed, except, in the case of a Trustee or officer, for liability resulting from such Trustee’s or officer’s Disqualifying Conduct.

 

(g)            The limitation on liability contained in this Article applies to events occurring at the time a Person serves as an Agent whether or not such Person is an Agent at the time of any Proceeding in which liability is asserted.

 

(h)            No amendment or repeal of this Article shall adversely affect any right or protection of an Agent that exists at the time of such amendment or repeal.

 

Section 2. Indemnification.

 

(a)             Indemnification by Trust. The Trust shall indemnify, out of Trust Property, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, any Person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding by reason of the fact that such Person is or was an Agent of the Trust, against Expenses, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such Proceeding if such Person acted in good faith or in the case of a criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct of such Person was unlawful. The termination of any Proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not of itself create a presumption that the Person did not act in good faith or that the Person had reasonable cause to believe that the Person’s conduct was unlawful.

 

(b)            Exclusion of Indemnification. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained herein, there shall be no right to indemnification for any liability arising by reason of the Agent’s Disqualifying Conduct. In respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which that Person shall have been adjudged to be liable in the performance of that Person’s duty to the Trust or the Shareholders, indemnification shall be made only to the extent that the court in which that action was brought shall determine, upon application or otherwise, that in view of all the circumstances of the case, that Person was not liable by reason of that Person’s Disqualifying Conduct.

 

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(c)             Required Approval. Any indemnification under this Article shall be made by the Trust if authorized in the specific case on a determination that indemnification of the Agent is proper in the circumstances by (i) a final decision on the merits by a court or other body before whom the proceeding was brought that the Agent was not liable by reason of Disqualifying Conduct (including, but not limited to, dismissal of either a court action or an administrative proceeding against the Agent for insufficiency of evidence of any Disqualifying Conduct) or, (ii) in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable determination, based upon a review of the facts, that the Agent was not liable by reason of Disqualifying Conduct, by (1) the vote of a majority of a quorum of the Trustees who are not (x) “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, (y) parties to the proceeding, or (z) parties who have any economic or other interest in connection with such specific case (the “disinterested, non-party Trustees”); or (2) by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.

 

(d)            Advancement of Expenses. Expenses incurred by an Agent in defending any Proceeding may be advanced by the Trust before the final disposition of the Proceeding on receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Agent to repay the amount of the advance if it shall be determined ultimately that the Agent is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized in this Article; provided, that at least one of the following conditions for the advancement of expenses is met: (i) the Agent shall provide a security for his undertaking, (ii) the Trust shall be insured against losses arising by reason of any lawful advances, or (iii) a majority of a quorum of the disinterested, non-party Trustees of the Trust, or an independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall determine, based on a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry), that there is reason to believe that the Agent ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.

 

(e)             Other Contractual Rights. Nothing contained in this Article shall affect any right to indemnification to which Persons other than Trustees and officers of the Trust or any subsidiary thereof may be entitled by contract or otherwise.

 

(f)             Fiduciaries of Employee Benefit Plan. This Article does not apply to any Proceeding against any trustee, investment manager or other fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in that Person’s capacity as such, even though that Person may also be an Agent of the Trust as defined in Section 1 of this Article. Nothing contained in this Article shall limit any right to indemnification to which such a trustee, investment manager, or other fiduciary may be entitled by contract or otherwise which shall be enforceable to the extent permitted by applicable law other than this Article.

 

Section 3. Insurance. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Board of Trustees shall have the authority to purchase with Trust Property, insurance for liability and for all Expenses reasonably incurred or paid or expected to be paid by an Agent in connection with any Proceeding in which such Agent becomes involved by virtue of such Agent’s actions, or omissions to act, in its capacity or former capacity with the Trust, whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify such Agent against such liability.

 

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Section 4. Derivative Actions. Subject to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the DSTA, a Shareholder or Shareholders may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Trust only if the Shareholder or Shareholders first make a pre-suit demand upon the Board of Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Board of Trustees to bring such action is excused. A demand on the Board of Trustees shall only be excused if a majority of the Board of Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, has a material personal financial interest in the action at issue. A Trustee shall not be deemed to have a material personal financial interest in an action or otherwise be disqualified from ruling on a Shareholder demand by virtue of the fact that such Trustee receives remuneration from his or her service on the Board of Trustees of the Trust or on the boards of one or more investment companies with the same or an affiliated investment adviser or underwriter.

 

ARTICLE VIII

CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS

 

Section 1. Dissolution of Trust or Series. The Trust and each Series shall have perpetual existence, except that the Trust (or a particular Series) shall be dissolved:

 

(a)             With respect to the Trust, (i) upon the vote of the holders of not less than a majority of the Shares of the Trust cast, or (ii) at the discretion of the Board of Trustees either (A) at any time there are no Shares outstanding of the Trust, or (B) upon prior written notice to the Shareholders of the Trust; or

 

(b)            With respect to a particular Series, (i) upon the vote of the holders of not less than a majority of the Shares of such Series cast, or (ii) at the discretion of the Board of Trustees either (A) at any time there are no Shares outstanding of such Series, or (B) upon prior written notice to the Shareholders of such Series; or

 

(c)             With respect to the Trust (or a particular Series), upon the occurrence of a dissolution or termination event pursuant to any other provision of this Declaration of Trust (including Article VIII, Section 2) or the DSTA; or

 

(d)            With respect to any Series, upon any event that causes the dissolution of the Trust.

 

Upon dissolution of the Trust (or a particular Series, as the case may be), the Board of Trustees shall (in accordance with Section 3808 of the DSTA) pay or make reasonable provision to pay all claims and obligations of the Trust and/or each Series (or the particular Series, as the case may be), including all contingent, conditional or unmatured claims and obligations known to the Trust, and all claims and obligations which are known to the Trust, but for which the identity of the claimant is unknown. If there are sufficient assets held with respect to the Trust and/or each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be paid in full and any such provisions for payment shall be made in full. If there are insufficient assets held with respect to the Trust and/or each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be paid or provided for according to their priority and, among claims and obligations of equal priority, ratably to the extent of assets available therefor. Any remaining assets (including, without limitation, cash, securities or any combination thereof) held with respect to the Trust and/or each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be) shall be distributed to the Shareholders of the Trust and/or each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be) ratably according to the number of Shares of the Trust and/or such Series thereof (or the particular Series, as the case may be) held of record by the several Shareholders on the date for such dissolution distribution; provided, however, that if the Shares of the Trust or a Series are divided into Classes thereof, any remaining assets (including, without limitation, cash, securities or any combination thereof) held with respect to the Trust or such Series, as applicable, shall be distributed to each Class of the Trust or such Series according to the net asset value computed for such Class and within such particular Class, shall be distributed ratably to the Shareholders of such Class according to the number of Shares of such Class held of record by the several Shareholders on the date for such dissolution distribution. Upon the winding up of the Trust in accordance with Section 3808 of the DSTA and its termination, any one (1) Trustee shall execute, and cause to be filed, a certificate of cancellation, with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the provisions of Section 3810 of the DSTA.

 

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Section 2. Merger or Consolidation; Conversion; Reorganization.

 

(a)             Merger or Consolidation. Pursuant to an agreement of merger or consolidation, the Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, may cause the Trust to merge or consolidate with or into one or more statutory trusts or “other business entities” (as defined in Section 3801 of the DSTA) formed or organized or existing under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state of the United States or any foreign country or other foreign jurisdiction. Any such merger or consolidation shall not require the vote of the Shareholders unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act; provided however, that the Board of Trustees shall provide at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Shareholders of such merger or consolidation. By reference to Section 3815(f) of the DSTA, any agreement of merger or consolidation approved in accordance with this Section 2(a) may, without a Shareholder vote, unless required by the 1940 Act, the requirements of any securities exchange on which Shares are listed for trading or any other provision of this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, effect any amendment to this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or effect the adoption of a new governing instrument if the Trust is the surviving or resulting statutory trust in the merger or consolidation, which amendment or new governing instrument shall be effective at the effective time or date of the merger or consolidation. In all respects not governed by the DSTA, the 1940 Act, other applicable law or the requirements of any securities exchange on which Shares are listed for trading, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to prescribe additional procedures necessary or appropriate to accomplish a merger or consolidation, including the power to create one or more separate statutory trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the conversion of Shares into beneficial interests in such separate statutory trust or trusts. Upon completion of the merger or consolidation, if the Trust is the surviving or resulting statutory trust, any one (1) Trustee shall execute, and cause to be filed, a certificate of merger or consolidation in accordance with Section 3815 of the DSTA.

 

(b)            Conversion. The Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, may cause (i) the Trust to convert to an “other business entity” (as defined in Section 3801 of the DSTA) formed or organized under the laws of the State of Delaware as permitted pursuant to Section 3821 of the DSTA; (ii) the Shares of the Trust or any Series to be converted into beneficial interests in another statutory trust (or series thereof) created pursuant to this Section 2 of this Article VIII, or (iii) the Shares to be exchanged under or pursuant to any state or federal statute to the extent permitted by law. Any such statutory conversion, Share conversion or Share exchange shall not require the vote of the Shareholders unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act; provided however, that the Board of Trustees shall provide at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Shareholders of the Trust of any conversion of Shares of the Trust pursuant to Subsections (b)(i) or (b)(ii) of this Section 2 or exchange of Shares of the Trust pursuant to Subsection (b)(iii) of this Section 2, and at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Shareholders of a particular Series of any conversion of Shares of such Series pursuant to Subsection (b)(ii) of this Section 2 or exchange of Shares of such Series pursuant to Subsection (b)(iii) of this Section 2. In all respects not governed by the DSTA, the 1940 Act, other applicable law or the requirements of any securities exchange on which Shares are listed for trading, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to prescribe additional procedures necessary or appropriate to accomplish a statutory conversion, Share conversion or Share exchange, including the power to create one or more separate statutory trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the conversion of Shares of the Trust or any Series thereof into beneficial interests in such separate statutory trust or trusts (or series thereof).

 

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(c)             Reorganization. The Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, may cause the Trust to sell, convey and transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust (“sale of Trust assets”) or all or substantially all of the assets associated with any one or more Series (“sale of such Series’ assets”), to another trust, statutory trust, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation or other association organized under the laws of any state, or to one or more separate series thereof, or to the Trust to be held as assets associated with one or more other Series of the Trust, in exchange for cash, shares or other securities (including, without limitation, in the case of a transfer to another Series of the Trust, Shares of such other Series) with such sale, conveyance and transfer either (a) being made subject to, or with the assumption by the transferee of, the liabilities associated with the Trust or the liabilities associated with the Series the assets of which are so transferred, as applicable, or (b) not being made subject to, or not with the assumption of, such liabilities. Any such sale, conveyance and transfer shall not require the vote of the Shareholders unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act; provided however, that the Board of Trustees shall provide at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Shareholders of the Trust of any such sale of Trust assets, and at least thirty (30) days prior written notice to the Shareholders of a particular Series of any sale of such Series’ assets. Following such sale of Trust assets, the Board of Trustees shall distribute such cash, shares or other securities ratably among the Shareholders of the Trust (giving due effect to the assets and liabilities associated with and any other differences among the various Series the assets associated with which have been so sold, conveyed and transferred, and due effect to the differences among the various Classes within each such Series). Following a sale of such Series’ assets, the Board of Trustees shall distribute such cash, shares or other securities ratably among the Shareholders of such Series (giving due effect to the differences among the various Classes within each such Series). If all of the assets of the Trust have been so sold, conveyed and transferred, the Trust shall be dissolved; and if all of the assets of a Series have been so sold, conveyed and transferred, such Series and the Classes thereof shall be dissolved. In all respects not governed by the DSTA, the 1940 Act or other applicable law, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to prescribe additional procedures necessary or appropriate to accomplish such sale, conveyance and transfer, including the power to create one or more separate statutory trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the conversion of Shares into beneficial interests in such separate statutory trust or trusts.

 

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Section 3. Master Feeder Structure. If permitted by the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, and without a Shareholder vote, may cause the Trust or any one or more Series to convert to a master feeder structure (a structure in which a feeder fund invests all of its assets in a master fund, rather than making investments in securities directly) and thereby cause existing Series of the Trust to either become feeders in a master fund, or to become master funds in which other funds are feeders.

 

Section 4. Absence of Appraisal or Dissenters’ Rights. No Shareholder shall be entitled, as a matter of right, to relief as a dissenting Shareholder in respect of any proposal or action involving the Trust or any Series or any Class thereof.

 

ARTICLE IX

AMENDMENTS

 

Section 1. Amendments Generally. This Declaration of Trust may be restated and/or amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by not less than a majority of the Board of Trustees and, to the extent required by this Declaration of Trust, the 1940 Act or the requirements of any securities exchange on which Shares are listed for trading, by approval of such amendment by the Shareholders in accordance with Article III, Section 6 hereof and Article V hereof. Any such restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be effective immediately upon execution and approval or upon such future date and time as may be stated therein. The Certificate of Trust shall be restated and/or amended at any time by the Board of Trustees, without Shareholder approval, to correct any inaccuracy contained therein. Any such restatement and/or amendment of the Certificate of Trust shall be executed by at least one (1) Trustee and shall be effective immediately upon its filing with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein.

 

ARTICLE X

MISCELLANEOUS

 

Section 1. References; Headings; Counterparts. In this Declaration of Trust and in any restatement hereof and/or amendment hereto, references to this instrument, and all expressions of similar effect to “herein,” “hereof and "hereunder,” shall be deemed to refer to this instrument as so restated and/or amended. Headings are placed herein for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken as a part hereof or control or affect the meaning, construction or effect of this instrument. Whenever the singular number is used herein, the same shall include the plural; and the neuter, masculine and feminine genders shall include each other, as applicable. Any references herein to specific sections of the DSTA, the Code or the 1940 Act shall refer to such sections as amended from time to time or any successor sections thereof. This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original.

 

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Section 2. Applicable Law. This Declaration of Trust is created under and is to be governed by and construed and administered according to the laws of the State of Delaware and the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the Code. The Trust shall be a Delaware statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, and without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a statutory trust.

 

Section 3. Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations.

 

(a)             The provisions of this Declaration of Trust are severable, and if the Board of Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such provisions is in conflict with the 1940 Act, the Code, the DSTA, or with other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed not to have constituted a part of this Declaration of Trust from the time when such provisions became inconsistent with such laws or regulations; provided, however, that such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Declaration of Trust or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination.

 

(b)            If any provision of this Declaration of Trust shall be held invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of this Declaration of Trust in any jurisdiction.

 

Section 4. Statutory Trust Only. It is the intention of the Trustees to create hereby a statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, and thereby to create the relationship of trustee and beneficial owners within the meaning of the DSTA between, respectively, the Trustees and each Shareholder. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create a general or limited partnership, limited liability company, joint stock association, corporation, bailment, or any form of legal relationship other than a statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a joint stock association.

 

 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trustees named below do hereby make and enter into this Declaration of Trust as of the date first written above. This instrument may be signed in one or more counterparts.

 

    /s/ Karen Shupe
    Karen Shupe
    Initial Trustee
     
     

 

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Schedule A

 

to

 

Declaration of Trust

 

of

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

(dated as of December 4, 2019)

 

American Conservative Values ETF

 

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

 

32 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99.(b)

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

A Delaware Trust

 

BY-LAWS

 

 
 

Table of Contents

 

 

Page

 

 

ARTICLE I OFFICES AND SEAL

1

 

 

 

Section 1.1

Principal Office

1

 

Section 1.2

Delaware Office

1

 

Section 1.3

Seal

1

 

 

ARTICLE II SHAREHOLDERS

1

 

 

 

Section 2.1

Annual Meetings

1

 

Section 2.2

Special Meetings

1

 

Section 2.3

Notice of Meetings

2

 

Section 2.4

Postponement and Adjournment

2

 

Section 2.5

Voting – Proxies

3

 

Section 2.6

Concerning Validity of Proxies, Ballots, Etc

3

 

Section 2.7

Organization

4

 

Section 2.8

Record Date

4

 

Section 2.9

Voting Power

4

 

Section 2.10

Quorum; Required Vote

5

 

Section 2.11

Action Without Meeting

5

 

Section 2.12

Abstentions and Broker Non-Votes

5

 

Section 2.13

Application of this Article

6

 

 

ARTICLE III BOARD OF TRUSTEES

6

 

 

 

Section 3.1

Regular Meetings

6

 

Section 3.2

Special Meetings

6

 

Section 3.3

Meetings by Telephone; Proxies

6

 

Section 3.4

Notice

6

 

Section 3.5

Waiver of Notice

6

 

Section 3.6

Quorum and Voting

7

 

Section 3.7

Action Without a Meeting

7

 

 

ARTICLE IV COMMITTEES

7

 

 

 

Section 4.1

Establishment

7

 

Section 4.2

Proceedings, Quorum and Manner of Acting

7

 

Section 4.3

Powers of the Executive Committee

7

 

Section 4.4

Other Committees

7

 

 

ARTICLE V BOARD CHAIRMAN AND TRUST OFFICERS

8

 

 

 

Section 5.1

General

8

 

Section 5.2

Election, Term of Office and Qualifications

8

 

Section 5.3

Resignation

8

 

Section 5.4

Removal

8

 

Section 5.5

Vacancies and Newly Created Offices

8

 

Section 5.6

Powers

8

 

-i-

 

Table of Contents

(continued)

 

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

 

 

Section 5.7

Subordinate Officers

9

 

Section 5.8

Remuneration

9

 

Section 5.9

Surety Bond

9

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VI EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS, VOTING OF SECURITIES

9

 

 

 

 

 

Section 6.1

General

9

 

Section 6.2

Checks, Notes, Drafts, Etc

9

 

Section 6.3

Voting of Securities

9

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VII MISCELLANEOUS

10

 

 

 

 

 

Section 7.1

Waiver of Notice

10

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VIII AMENDMENTS

10

 

-ii-

 

BY-LAWS

OF

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

These By-laws of ETF Opportunities Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, are subject to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust dated December 4, 2019, as from time to time amended, supplemented or restated (the “Declaration of Trust”). Capitalized terms used herein and not herein defined have the same meanings as in the Declaration of Trust and the provisions of Sections 8.5, 8.6, 8.7 and 8.11 of the Declaration of Trust shall apply to these By-laws mutatis mutandis. In the event of any inconsistency between the terms hereof and the terms of the Declaration of Trust, the terms of the Declaration of Trust control.

 

ARTICLE I
OFFICES AND SEAL

 

Section 1.1      Principal Office. The principal executive office of the Trust, and such additional offices as the Board of Trustees or the officers of the Trust may establish, shall be located in such places as the Board of Trustees or the officers may, from time to time, determine.

 

Section 1.2      Delaware Office. The registered office of the Trust in the State of Delaware is located at Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, DE 19801. The name of the registered agent of the Trust for service of process at such location is The Corporation Trust Company.

 

Section 1.3      Seal. The Board of Trustees may adopt a seal for the Trust in such form and with such inscription as the Trustees determine. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile to be impressed or affixed or printed or otherwise reproduced. Any Trustee or officer of the Trust shall have authority to affix the seal of the Trust to any document requiring the same.

 

ARTICLE II
SHAREHOLDERS

 

Section 2.1      Annual Meetings. There shall be no annual meetings of Shareholders for the election of Trustees or the transaction of any other business except as required by the 1940 Act or other applicable federal law. In the event any annual meeting of Shareholders is to be held, it shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust or as otherwise determined by the Board of Trustees.

 

Section 2.2      Special Meetings. Special meetings of Shareholders shall be held as provided herein or in the Declaration of Trust or as otherwise required by the 1940 Act or other applicable federal law. Special meetings of Shareholders shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust or as otherwise determined by the Board of Trustees. Except as required by federal law including the 1940 Act, Shareholders shall not be entitled to call, or to have the secretary call, special meetings of the Shareholders. To the extent required by federal law including the 1940 Act, special meetings of the Shareholders shall be called by the secretary upon the request of the Shareholders owning Shares representing at least the percentage of the total combined votes of all Shares of the Trust issued and outstanding required by federal law including the 1940 Act, provided that (a) such request shall state the purposes of such meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on, and (b) the Shareholders requesting such meeting shall have paid to the Trust the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and mailing the notice thereof, which the secretary shall determine and specify to such Shareholders.

 

 
 

Section 2.3      Notice of Meetings. The secretary or an assistant secretary shall call a meeting of Shareholders by order pursuant to Section 2.2 by giving written notice of the place, date and hour, and general nature of the business to be transacted at that meeting not less than ten (10) days (or such other number of days as the Board of Trustees shall determine in its sole discretion) before the date of the meeting, to each Shareholder entitled to vote at such meeting. Notice of any meeting of Shareholders shall be (i) given either by hand delivery, telephone, overnight courier, telegram, facsimile, telex, telecopier, electronic mail or other electronic means or by mail, postage prepaid, and (ii) given or addressed to the Shareholder at the phone number, address, facsimile number, e-mail address or other contact information of that Shareholder appearing on the books of the Trust or its transfer agent. Notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time when made by telephone, delivered personally, deposited in the mail or with an overnight courier or sent by telegram, facsimile, telex, telecopier, electronic mail or other means of communication. The business to be transacted at any special meeting shall be limited to that stated in such notice of the meeting. No notice of any meeting need be given to any Shareholder who attends such meeting in person or to any Shareholder who waives notice of such meeting (which waiver shall be filed with the records of such meeting), whether before or after the time of the meeting. In the absence of fraud, any irregularities in the notice of any meeting or the nonreceipt of any such notice by any of the Shareholders shall not invalidate any action otherwise properly taken at any such meeting.

 

Section 2.4      Postponement and Adjournment. Prior to the date upon which any meeting of Shareholders is to be held, the Board of Trustees may postpone such meeting one or more times for any reason by giving notice to each Shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting so postponed of the place, date and hour at which such meeting will be held. Such notice shall be given not fewer than two (2) days before the date of such meeting and otherwise in accordance with Section 2.3. Any Shareholders’ meeting may be adjourned by the chairman of the meeting one or more times for any reason, including the failure of a quorum to be present at the meeting with respect to any proposal or the failure of any proposal to receive sufficient votes for approval. No Shareholder vote shall be required for any adjournment. A Shareholders’ meeting may be adjourned by the chairman of the meeting as to one or more proposals regardless of whether action has been taken on other matters. No notice of adjournment of a meeting to another time or place need be given to Shareholders if such time and place are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken or notice is given to persons present at the meeting. Any adjourned meeting may be held at such time and place as determined by the Board of Trustees in its sole discretion. Any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting may be transacted at any adjourned meeting. If, after a postponement or adjournment, a new record date is fixed for the postponed or adjourned meeting, the secretary shall give notice of the postponed or adjourned meeting to Shareholders of record entitled to vote at such meeting. If a quorum is present with respect to any one or more proposals, the chairman of the meeting may, but shall not be required to, cause a vote to be taken with respect to any such proposal or proposals which vote can be certified as final and effective notwithstanding the adjournment of the meeting with respect to any other proposal or proposals.

 

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Section 2.5      Voting – Proxies. At all meetings of the Shareholders, every Shareholder of record entitled to vote thereat shall be entitled to vote either in person or by proxy, which term shall include proxies provided by such Shareholder, or his duly authorized attorney, through written, electronic, telephonic, computerized, facsimile, telecommunications, telex or oral communication or by any other form of communication, each pursuant to such voting procedures and through such systems as are authorized by the Board of Trustees or any officer of the Trust. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a proposal is submitted to a vote of the Shareholders of any Series or Class by anyone other than the officers or Trustees, or if there is a proxy contest or proxy solicitation or proposal in opposition to any proposal by the officers or Trustees, shares may be voted only in person or by written proxy. Proxies may be solicited in the name of one or more Trustees or one or more officers of the Trust.

 

Unless the proxy provides otherwise, it shall not be valid for more than eleven (11) months before the date of the meeting. All proxies shall be delivered to the secretary or other person responsible for recording the proceedings before being voted. A valid proxy which does not state that it is irrevocable shall continue in full force and effect unless (i) revoked by the person executing it before the vote pursuant to that proxy is taken (a) by a writing delivered to the Trust stating that the proxy is revoked, (b) by a subsequent proxy executed by such person, (c) attendance at the meeting and voting in person by the person executing that proxy, or (d) revocation by such person using any electronic, telephonic, computerized or other alternative means authorized by the Trustees for authorizing the proxy to act; or (ii) written notice of the death or incapacity of the maker of that proxy is received by the Trust before the vote pursuant to that proxy is counted. Unless revoked, any proxy given in connection with a postponed or adjourned meeting for which a new record date is fixed shall continue to be valid so long as the Shareholder giving such proxy is a Shareholder of record on such new such record date.

 

A proxy with respect to Shares held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if executed by one of them unless at or prior to exercise of such proxy the Trust receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them in which case such proxy shall not be valid and no vote shall be received in respect of such Shares unless all persons holding such Shares shall agree on their manner of voting. Unless otherwise specifically limited by their terms, proxies shall entitle the Shareholder to vote at any adjournment of a Shareholders’ meeting.

 

Section 2.6      Concerning Validity of Proxies, Ballots, Etc. At every meeting of the Shareholders, all proxies shall be received and taken in charge of and all ballots shall be received and canvassed by the secretary of the meeting, who shall decide all questions touching the qualification of voters, the validity of proxies, and the acceptance or rejection of votes, unless inspectors of election shall have been appointed as provided below in this section, in which event such inspectors of election shall decide all such questions.

 

A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise, and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger. Subject to the provisions of the Delaware Act, the Declaration of Trust, or these By­laws, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware relating to proxies, and judicial interpretations thereunder, shall govern all matters concerning the giving, voting or validity of proxies, as if the Trust were a Delaware corporation and the Shareholders were stockholders of a Delaware corporation.

 

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At any election of Trustees, the Board of Trustees prior thereto may, or, if they have not so acted, the chairman of the meeting may, appoint one or more inspectors of election who shall first subscribe an oath or affirmation to execute faithfully the duties of inspector at such election with strict impartiality and according to the best of their ability, and shall after the election make a certificate of the result of the vote taken. No candidate for the office of Trustee shall be appointed as an inspector.

 

The chairman of the meeting may cause a vote by ballot to be taken upon any election or matter, and, to the extent required by federal law including the 1940 Act, but only to such extent, such vote shall be taken upon the request of the Shareholders owning Shares representing ten percent (10%) or more of the total combined votes of all Shares of the Trust issued and outstanding and entitled to vote on such election or matter.

 

Section 2.7      Organization. At every meeting of Shareholders, the chairman or, in his or her absence, the president or, in his or her absence, a vice-president or, in the absence of any of the foregoing officers, a chairman chosen by majority vote of the Shareholders present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereat, shall act as chairman. The secretary or, in his or her absence, an assistant secretary, or, in the absence of either of the foregoing officers, a secretary of the meeting chosen by the chairman shall act as secretary at all meetings of Shareholders.

 

Subject to these By-laws, the Board of Trustees of the Trust shall be entitled to make such rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings of Shareholders as it shall deem necessary, appropriate or convenient, and, subject to these By-laws and such rules and regulations of the Board of Trustees, if any, the chairman of any meeting of the Shareholders shall determine the order of business and the procedures for conduct of business at the meeting, including regulation of the manner of voting, the conduct of discussion, the appointment of inspectors, the adjournment of the meeting, and the determination of all questions relating to the qualifications of voters, the validity of proxies, and the acceptance or rejection of votes.

 

Section 2.8      Record Date. The Trustees may fix in advance a date up to one hundred and twenty (120) days (or such other number of days as the Board of Trustees shall determine in its sole discretion) before the date of any Shareholders’ meeting as a record date for the determination of the Shareholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting (subject to the provisions of Section 6.2(e) of the Declaration of Trust with respect to redeemed Shares). Subject to the provisions of Section 6.2(e) of the Declaration of Trust with respect to redeemed Shares, the Shareholders of record entitled to vote at a Shareholders’ meeting shall be deemed the Shareholders of record at any meeting that has been postponed or reconvened after one or more adjournments, unless the Trustees have fixed a new record date.

 

Section 2.9      Voting Power. Notwithstanding any other provision of these By-laws, on any matters submitted to a vote of the Shareholders, all Shares of the Trust then entitled to vote shall be voted in aggregate, except: (a) when required by the 1940 Act, Shares shall be voted by individual Series or Class; (b) when the matter involves any action that the Trustees have determined will affect only the interests of one or more Series, then only Shareholders of such Series shall be entitled to vote thereon; and (c) when the matter involves any action that the Trustees have determined will affect only the interests of one or more Classes, then only the Shareholders of such Class or Classes shall be entitled to vote thereon. A Shareholder shall be entitled to one vote for each Share (and a proportionate fractional vote for each fraction of a Share) held by such Shareholder on any applicable record date on any matter on which such Shareholder is entitled to vote and each Share shall represent the number of votes (including fractional votes) calculated in accordance with this sentence. Until Shares of a Series are issued, as to that Series the Trustees may exercise all rights of Shareholders and may take any action required or permitted to be taken by Shareholders by law, the Declaration of Trust or these By-laws.

 

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Section 2.10    Quorum; Required Vote. Except when a larger quorum is required by federal law, including the 1940 Act, the presence in person or by proxy of Shareholders owning Shares representing one-third (1/3) or more of the total combined votes of all Shares of each Series or Class, or of the Trust, as applicable, entitled to vote shall be a quorum for the transaction of business at a Shareholders’ meeting with respect to such Series or Class or with respect to the entire Trust, respectively. At all meetings of the Shareholders, a quorum being present, the Trustees shall be elected by a vote of a plurality of the votes cast by Shareholders present in person or by proxy and all other matters shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast by Shareholders present in person or by proxy; provided, that if the Declaration of Trust, these By-laws or applicable federal law permits or requires that Shares be voted on any matter by individual Series or Classes, then a majority of the votes cast by the Shareholders of that Series or Class present in person or by proxy shall decide that matter insofar as that Series or Class is concerned; provided, further, that if the matter to be voted on is one for which by express provision of the 1940 Act, a different vote is required, then in such case such express provision shall control the decision of such matter. There shall be no cumulative voting for Trustees. Subject to the provisions of Section 6.2(e) of the Declaration of Trust, only Shareholders of record shall be entitled to vote.

 

Section 2.11    Action Without Meeting. Any action to be taken by Shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a majority (or such greater amount as may be required by law) of the total combined votes of all Shares entitled to vote on the matter consent to the action in writing. Such written consents shall be filed with the records of Shareholders’ meetings. Such written consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote at a meeting of the Shareholders.

 

Section 2.12    Abstentions and Broker Non-Votes. Subject to the provisions of Section 6.2(e) of the Declaration of Trust with respect to redeemed Shares, (A) Shares that abstain or do not vote with respect to one or more of any proposals presented for Shareholder approval and (B) Shares held in “street name” as to which the broker or nominee with respect thereto indicates on the proxy that it does not have discretionary authority to vote with respect to a particular proposal will be counted as present and outstanding and entitled to vote for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present at a meeting, but will not be counted as Shares voted (votes cast) with respect to such proposal or proposals.

 

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Section 2.13    Application of this Article. Meetings of Shareholders shall consist of Shareholders of any Series or Class thereof or of all Shareholders and this Article shall be construed accordingly.

 

ARTICLE III
BOARD OF TRUSTEES

 

Section 3.1      Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Trustees shall be at such time and place as shall be fixed by the Trustees. Such regular meetings may be held without notice.

 

Section 3.2      Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Trustees or any committee for any purpose or purposes shall be held whenever and wherever ordered by the Chairman of the Board, the president or by any two (2) Trustees.

 

Section 3.3    Meetings by Telephone; Proxies. Subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, (i) any meeting, regular or special, of the Board of Trustees (or any committee) may be held by conference telephone or similar communications equipment, by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting and (ii) at all meetings of the Trustees, every Trustee shall be entitled to vote by proxy, provided that such proxy shall, before or after such meeting, be delivered to the secretary or other person responsible for recording the proceedings of such meeting. To the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, a Trustee may provide any proxy through written, electronic, telephonic, computerized, facsimile, telecommunications, telex or by any other form of communication.

 

Section 3.4      Notice. Subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act and except as otherwise provided, notice of any special meeting shall be given by the secretary or an assistant secretary to each Trustee, by sending by overnight courier or mailing to him or her, postage prepaid, addressed to him or her at his or her address as registered on the books of the Trust or, if not so registered, at his or her last known address, a written or printed notification of such meeting at least four (or two in the case of the overnight courier) days before the meeting, or by sending notice of such meeting to him or her at least 24 hours before the meeting, by prepaid telegram, addressed to him or her at his or her said registered address, if any, or if he or she has no such registered address, at his or her last known address, or by delivering such notice to him or her at least 24 hours before the meeting, or by giving or sending such notice by telephone, facsimile, telex, telecopier, electronic mail or other electronic means to him or her at least 24 hours before the meeting; provided, however, that if in the judgment of the Chairman of the Board or the president, when either is calling the special meeting, the action proposed to be taken at the meeting is of such an urgent nature that 24 hours’ notice cannot reasonably be given, then notice may be given to each Trustee by telephone, facsimile, telex, telecopy, electronic mail or other electronic means at least two hours before the meeting provided that each Trustee is afforded the opportunity to participate in such meeting by conference telephone or similar communications equipment as provided in Section 3.3.

 

Section 3.5      Waiver of Notice. No notice of any meeting need be given to any Trustee who attends such meeting in person or to any Trustee who waives notice of such meeting in writing (which waiver shall be filed with the records of such meeting), whether before or after the time of the meeting. Any written consent or waiver may be provided and delivered to the Trust by mail, overnight courier, telegram, facsimile, telex, telecopier, electronic mail or other electronic means.

 

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Section 3.6      Quorum and Voting. At all meetings of the Board of Trustees the presence of a majority or more of the number of Trustees then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. In the absence of a quorum, a majority of the Trustees present may adjourn the meeting, from time to time, until a quorum shall be present. The action of a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the action of the Board of Trustees unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by the Declaration of Trust or federal law, including the 1940 Act.

 

Section 3.7      Action Without a Meeting. Except as otherwise provided under the 1940 Act, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Trustees may be taken without a meeting if written consents thereto are signed by a majority of the Trustees. Except as otherwise provided under the 1940 Act, any such written consent may be given by telegram, facsimile, telex, telecopier, electronic mail or similar electronic means. Copies of such written consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Trustees. Such consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of the Trustees. If any action is so taken by the Trustees by the written consent of less than all of the Trustees, prompt notice of the taking of such action shall be furnished to each Trustee who did not execute such written consent, provided that the effectiveness of such action shall not be impaired by any delay or failure to furnish such notice.

 

ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES

 

Section 4.1      Establishment. The Board of Trustees may designate one or more committees of the Trustees, including an executive committee. The Trustees shall determine the number of members of each committee and its powers and shall appoint its members.

 

Section 4.2      Proceedings, Quorum and Manner of Acting. In the absence of an appropriate resolution of the Board of Trustees, any committee may adopt such rules and regulations governing its proceedings, quorum and manner of acting as it shall deem proper and desirable. In the absence of any member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint a member of the Board of Trustees to act in the place of such absent member. All action by any committee shall be reported to the Board of Trustees at its next meeting following such action.

 

Section 4.3      Powers of the Executive Committee. Except as further limited by the Board of Trustees, if an executive committee has been designated, when the Board of Trustees is not in session the executive committee shall have and may exercise all powers of the Board of Trustees in the management of the business and affairs of the Trust.

 

Section 4.4      Other Committees. The Board of Trustees may appoint other committees, each consisting of one or more persons, who need not be Trustees. Each such committee shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be assigned to it from time to time by the Board of Trustees, but shall not exercise any power that under federal law including the 1940 Act may lawfully be exercised only by the Board of Trustees or a committee thereof.

 

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ARTICLE V
BOARD CHAIRMAN AND TRUST OFFICERS

 

Section 5.1      General. The officers of the Trust shall be a chairman of the Board of Trustees, a president, one or more vice-presidents, a secretary and a treasurer, and may include such other officers appointed in accordance with Section 5.7 hereof. The Board of Trustees may elect, but shall not be required to elect, a comptroller.

 

Section 5.2      Election, Term of Office and Qualifications. The Trustees shall elect the officers of the Trust (unless such power has been delegated pursuant to Section 5.7 hereof). Each officer elected by the Trustees shall hold office until his or her successor shall have been elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, inability to serve, removal or resignation. No officer need be a Shareholder.

 

The chairman of the Board of Trustees and the president shall be chosen from among the Trustees and may each hold such office only so long as he or she continues to be a Trustee. No other officer need be a Trustee. Any person may hold one or more offices of the Trust except that the president may not hold the office of vice president, the secretary may not hold the office of assistant secretary, and the treasurer may not hold the office of assistant treasurer; provided further that a person who holds more than one office may not act in more than one capacity to execute, acknowledge or verify an instrument required by law to be executed, verified or acknowledged by more than one officer.

 

Section 5.3      Resignation. Any officer may resign his or her office at any time by delivering a written resignation to the Board of Trustees, the chairman of the Board, the president, the secretary, or any assistant secretary. Unless otherwise specified therein, such resignation shall take effect upon delivery. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Trust under any contract to which the officer is a party.

 

Section 5.4      Removal. Any officer may be removed from office with or without cause by the Board of Trustees. In addition, any officer or agent appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.7 hereof may be removed, either with or without cause, by any officer upon whom such power of removal shall have been conferred by the Board of Trustees.

 

Section 5.5      Vacancies and Newly Created Offices. Whenever a vacancy shall occur in any office or if any new office is created, the Trustees may fill such vacancy or new office or, in the case of any office created pursuant to Section 5.7 hereof, any officer upon whom such power shall have been conferred by the Board of Trustees may fill such vacancy.

 

Section 5.6      Powers. The officers of the Trust shall have such powers and duties as generally pertain to their respective offices, as well as such powers and duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the Board of Trustees or the executive committee.

 

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Section 5.7      Subordinate Officers. The Board of Trustees from time to time may appoint such other officers or agents as it may deem advisable, including one or more assistant treasurers and one or more assistant secretaries, each of whom shall have such title, hold office for such period, have such authority and perform such duties as the Board of Trustees may determine. The Board of Trustees from time to time may delegate to one or more officers or agents the power to appoint any such subordinate officers or agents and to prescribe their respective rights, terms of office, authorities and duties.

 

Section 5.8      Remuneration. The salaries or other compensation of the officers of the Trust shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board of Trustees, except that the Board of Trustees may by resolution delegate to any person or group of persons the power to fix the salaries or other compensation of any officers or agents.

 

Section 5.9      Surety Bond. The Trustees may require any officer or agent of the Trust to execute a bond (including, without limitation, any bond required by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission) to the Trust in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Trustees may determine, conditioned upon the faithful performance of his or her duties to the Trust, including responsibility for negligence and for the accounting of any of the Trust’s property, funds or securities that may come into his or her hands.

 

ARTICLE VI
EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS, VOTING OF SECURITIES

 

Section 6.1      General. All deeds, documents, transfers, contracts, agreements and other instruments requiring execution by the Trust shall be signed by the president, any vice president, the treasurer or secretary or an assistant treasurer or an assistant secretary, or as the Board of Trustees may otherwise, from time to time, authorize. Any such authorization may be general or confined to specific instances.

 

Section 6.2      Checks, Notes, Drafts, Etc. So long as the Trust shall employ a custodian to keep custody of the cash and securities of the Trust, all checks and drafts for the payment of money by the Trust may be signed in the name of the Trust by the custodian. Except as otherwise authorized by the Board of Trustees, all requisitions or orders for the assignment of securities standing in the name of the custodian or its nominee, or for the execution of powers to transfer the same, shall be signed in the name of the Trust by the president or a vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer. Promissory notes, checks or drafts payable to the Trust may be endorsed only to the order of the custodian or its nominee and only by the treasurer or president or a vice president or by such other person or persons as shall be authorized by the Board of Trustees.

 

Section 6.3      Voting of Securities. Unless otherwise ordered by the Board of Trustees, the president or any vice president shall have full power and authority on behalf of the Trust to attend and to act and to vote, or in the name of the Trust to execute proxies to vote, at any meeting of shareholders of any company in which the Trust may hold stock. At any such meeting such officer shall possess and may exercise (in person or by proxy) any and all rights, powers and privileges incident to the ownership of such stock. The Board of Trustees may by resolution from time to time confer like powers upon any other person or persons.

 

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ARTICLE VII
MISCELLANEOUS

 

Section 7.1      Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice is permitted or required to be given by these By-laws or the Declaration of Trust or the laws of the State of Delaware, a waiver thereof provided or delivered to the Trust by mail, overnight courier, telegram, facsimile, telex, telecopier, electronic mail or other electronic means by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time such notice was to be given, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.

 

ARTICLE VIII
AMENDMENTS

 

These By-laws may only be amended by the Trustees of the Trust, and no Shareholder vote shall be required for any such amendment.

 

Adopted as of December 4, 2019

 

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 ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

 

Exhibit 99(d)(1)

 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT

 

AGREEMENT made the 4h day of December, 2019, by and between ETF Opportunities Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (hereinafter referred to as the “Trust”), and Ridgeline Research LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (hereinafter referred to as “Ridgeline”).

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is an open-end management investment company registered as such with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and Ridgeline is an investment adviser registered as such with the Commission under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”); and

 

WHEREAS, each fund listed in Schedule A hereof (each, a “Fund”) is a series of the Trust having a separate portfolio, investment policies and investment restrictions;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants hereinafter set forth, it is agreed by and between the parties, as follows:

 

1.           General Provision.

 

a.             The Trust hereby employs Ridgeline and Ridgeline hereby undertakes to act as the investment adviser of the Fund and to perform for the Fund such other duties and functions as are hereinafter set forth. Ridgeline shall, in all matters, give to the Fund and the Trust’s Board of Trustees the benefit of its best judgment, effort, advice and recommendations and shall, at all times conform to, and use its best efforts to enable the Fund to conform to: (i) the provisions of the Investment Company Act and any rules or regulations thereunder; (ii) any order or no-action relief of the Commission applicable to the operation of the Fund; (iii) any other applicable provisions of state or federal law; (iv) the provisions of the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws of the Trust as amended from time to time; (v) any other policies, procedures and determinations of the Board of Trustees of the Trust; (vi) the fundamental policies and investment restrictions of the Fund as reflected in the Trust’s registration statement under the Investment Company Act; and (vii) the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Trust in effect from time to time. The appropriate officers and employees of Ridgeline shall be available upon reasonable notice for consultation with any of the trustees and officers of the Trust with respect to any matters dealing with the business and affairs of the Trust including the valuation of any of the Fund’s portfolio securities which do not have readily available market quotations per Section 3 hereof.

 

2.           Investment Management.

 

a.             Ridgeline shall, subject to the direction and control by the Trust’s Board of Trustees: (i) regularly provide investment advice and recommendations to the Fund with respect to its investments, investment policies and the purchase and sale of securities; (ii) designate the identity, quantity and weighting of the securities (and amount of cash, if any) to be accepted in exchange for “creation units” of the Fund or that will be applicable that day to redemption requests received by the Fund; (iii) supervise continuously the investment program of the Fund and the composition of its portfolio and determine what securities shall be purchased or sold by the Fund; and (iv) arrange, subject to the provisions of Section 7 hereof, for the purchase of securities and other investments for the Fund and the sale of securities and other investments held in the portfolio of the Fund.

 

b.            Provided that the Trust shall not be required to pay any compensation other than as provided by the terms of this Agreement and subject to the provisions of Section 7 hereof, Ridgeline may obtain investment information, research or assistance from any other person, firm or corporation to supplement, update or otherwise improve its investment management services.

 

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c.             To the extent permitted by applicable law, Ridgeline may, from time to time in its sole discretion, appoint one or more sub-advisers, including, without limitation, affiliates of Ridgeline, to perform investment advisory services with respect to the Fund and may, in its sole discretion, terminate any or all such sub-advisers at any time to the extent permitted by applicable law.

 

d.             Provided that nothing herein shall be deemed to protect Ridgeline from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Agreement, Ridgeline shall not be liable for any loss sustained by reason of good faith errors or omissions in connection with any matters to which this Agreement relates.

 

e.             Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent Ridgeline or any officer thereof from acting as investment adviser for any other person, firm or corporation and shall not in any way limit or restrict Ridgeline or any of its directors, officers, stockholders or employees from buying, selling or trading any securities for its or their own account or for the account of others for whom it or they may be acting, provided that such activities will not adversely affect or otherwise impair the performance by Ridgeline of its duties and obligations under this Agreement and under the Advisers Act.

 

f.             To carry out the duties and responsibilities provided hereunder, Ridgeline is hereby authorized, as agent and attorney-in-fact for the Trust, for the account of, at the risk of and in the name of the Fund, to place orders and issue instructions for the Fund. In all purchases, sales and other transactions in securities for the Fund, Ridgeline is authorized to exercise full discretion and act for the Fund in the same manner and with the same force and effect as the Fund might or could do with respect to such purchases, sales or other transactions, as well as with respect to all other things necessary or incidental to the furtherance or conduct of such purchases, sales or other transactions.

 

3.           Other Duties of Ridgeline.

 

Ridgeline shall, at its own expense, provide and supervise the activities of all administrative and clerical personnel as shall be required to provide effective corporate management and administration for the Fund, including (i) the compilation and maintenance of such records with respect to its operations as may reasonably be required; (ii) the preparation and filing of such reports with respect thereto as shall be required by the Commission; (iii) the composition of periodic reports with respect to its operations for shareholders of the Fund; (iv) the composition of proxy materials for meetings of the Fund’s shareholders; (v) the composition of such registration statements as may be required by Federal securities laws for continuous public sale of shares of the Fund. Ridgeline shall, at its own cost and expense, also provide the Trust with adequate office space, facilities and equipment ; and (vii) the development and implementation, if appropriate, of management and shareholder services designed to enhance the value or convenience of the Fund as an investment vehicle.

 

4.           Allocation of Expenses.

 

During the term of this Agreement, Ridgeline shall pay all of the expenses of the Fund (including compensation of members of the Board of Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act) of a Fund), except for (i) the fee payment under this Agreement, (ii) distribution fees or expenses under the Fund’s 12b-1 plan (if any), (iii) interest expenses, (iv) taxes, (v) acquired fund fees and expenses, (vi) brokers’ commissions and any other portfolio transaction-related expenses and fees arising out of transactions effected on behalf of the Fund, (vii) credit facility fees and expenses, including interest expenses and (viii) litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business. For the avoidance of doubt, Ridgeline’s payment of such expenses may be accomplished through the Fund’s payment of such expenses and a corresponding reduction in the fee payable to Ridgeline pursuant to Section 5 hereof; provided, however, that if the amount of expenses paid by the Fund exceeds the fee payable to Ridgeline pursuant to Section 5 hereof, Ridgeline will reimburse the Fund for such excess amount.

 

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Any officers or employees of Ridgeline or any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with Ridgeline, who may also serve as officers, trustees or employees of the Trust shall not receive any compensation from the Trust for their services. The expenses with respect to any two or more series of the Trust shall be allocated in proportion to the net assets of the respective series except where allocations of direct expenses can be made.

 

5.            Compensation of Ridgeline.

 

The Trust agrees to pay Ridgeline on behalf of the Fund and Ridgeline agrees to accept as full compensation for the performance of all functions and duties on its part to be performed pursuant to the provisions hereof, a management fee payable monthly and calculated on the daily net assets of the Fund at an annual rate as noted in Schedule A of this Agreement.

 

6.            Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage.

 

a.             Ridgeline is authorized, in arranging the Fund’ s portfolio transactions, to employ or deal with such members of securities or commodities exchanges, brokers or dealers, including “affiliated” broker-dealers (as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act) (hereinafter “broker-dealers”), as may, in its best judgment, implement the policy of the Fund to obtain, at reasonable expense, the “best execution” (prompt and reliable execution at the most favorable security price obtainable) of the Fund’s portfolio transactions as well as to obtain, consistent with the provisions of Subsection (c) of this Section 7, the benefit of such investment information or research as will be of significant assistance to the performance by Ridgeline of its investment management functions.

 

b.             Ridgeline shall select broker-dealers to effect the Fund’s portfolio transactions on the basis of its estimate of their ability to obtain best execution of particular and related portfolio transactions. The abilities of a broker-dealer to obtain best execution of particular portfolio transaction(s) will be judged by Ridgeline on the basis of all relevant factors and considerations including, insofar as feasible, the execution capabilities required by the transaction or transactions; the ability and willingness of the broker-dealer to facilitate the Fund’s portfolio transactions by participating therein for its own account; the importance to the Fund of speed, efficiency or confidentiality; the broker-dealer’s apparent familiarity with sources from or to whom particular securities might be purchased or sold; as well as any other matters relevant to the selection of a broker-dealer for particular and related transactions of the Fund.

 

c.             Ridgeline shall have discretion, in the interests of the Fund, to allocate brokerage on the Fund’s portfolio transactions to broker-dealers, other than an affiliated broker-dealer, qualified to obtain best execution of such transactions who provide brokerage and/or research services (as such services are defined in Section 28(e)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) for the Fund and/or other accounts for which Ridgeline or its affiliates exercise “investment discretion” (as that term is defined in Section 3(a)(35) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) and to cause the Trust to pay such broker-dealers a commission for effecting a portfolio transaction for the Fund that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker-dealer adequately qualified to effect such transaction would have charged for effecting that transaction, if Ridgeline determines, in good faith, that such commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and/or research services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or the overall responsibilities of Ridgeline and its investment advisory affiliates with respect to the accounts as to which they exercise investment discretion. In reaching such determination, Ridgeline will not be required to place or attempt to place a specific dollar value on the brokerage and/or research services provided or being provided by such broker-dealer. In demonstrating that such determinations were made in good faith, Ridgeline shall be prepared to show that all commissions were allocated for the purposes contemplated by this Agreement and that the total commissions paid by the Trust over a representative period selected by the Trust’s trustees were reasonable in relation to the benefits to the Fund.

 

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d.             Ridgeline shall have no duty or obligation to seek advance competitive bidding for the most favorable commission rate applicable to any particular portfolio transactions or to select any broker- dealer on the basis of its purported or “posted” commission rate but will, to the best of its ability, endeavor to be aware of the current level of the charges of eligible broker-dealers and to minimize the expense incurred by the Fund for effecting its portfolio transactions to the extent consistent with the interests and policies of the Fund as established by the determinations of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and the provisions of this Section 7.

 

e.             On occasions when Ridgeline deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interest of the Fund(s) as well as other clients of Ridgeline and its affiliates, Ridgeline to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may, but will be under no obligation to, aggregate the securities to be purchased or sold to attempt to obtain a more favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and efficient execution. Allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by Ridgeline in the manner which Ridgeline considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to each Fund and to its other clients over time. The Trust agrees that Ridgeline and its affiliates may give advice and take action in the performance of their duties with respect to any of their other clients that may differ from advice given, or the timing or nature of actions taken, with respect to the Funds. The Trust acknowledges that Ridgeline and its affiliates are fiduciaries to other entities, some of which have the same or similar investment objectives (and will hold the same or similar investments) as the Funds, and that Ridgeline will carry out its duties hereunder together with its duties under such relationships.

 

f.             The Trust recognizes that an affiliated broker-dealer: (i) may act as one of the Fund’s regular brokers so long as it is lawful for it so to act; (ii) may be a major recipient of brokerage commissions paid by the Trust; and (iii) may effect portfolio transactions for the Fund only if the commissions, fees or other remuneration received or to be received by it are determined in accordance with procedures contemplated by any rule, regulation or order adopted under the Investment Company Act for determining the permissible level of such commissions.

 

7.            Duration.

 

This Agreement, with respect to each Fund (including any series of the Trust added to this Agreement by execution of an amended Schedule A), will take effect on the date set forth next to that Fund’s name in Schedule A. Unless earlier terminated pursuant to Section 10 hereof, this Agreement, with respect to each Fund, shall remain in effect until two years from the effective date specified in Schedule A, and thereafter will continue in effect from year to year, so long as such continuance shall be approved at least annually by the Trust’s Board of Trustees, including the vote of the majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this Agreement or “interested persons” (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval, or by the holders of a “majority” (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and by such a vote of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.

 

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8.           Termination.

 

This Agreement may be terminated: (i) by Ridgeline at any time without penalty upon giving the Trust sixty days’ written notice (which notice may be waived by the Trust); or (ii) by the Trust at any time without penalty upon sixty days’ written notice to Ridgeline (which notice may be waived by Ridgeline) provided that such termination by the Trust shall be directed or approved by the vote of a majority of all of the trustees of the Trust then in office or by the vote of the holders of a “majority” (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.

 

9.            Assignment or Amendment.

 

This Agreement may not be amended without the affirmative vote of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, including a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purposes of voting on such approval and, where required by the Investment Company Act, by a vote or written consent of a “majority” of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, and shall automatically and immediately terminate in the event of its “assignment,” as defined in the Investment Company Act.

 

10.          Disclaimer of Trustee or Shareholder Liability

 

Ridgeline understands and agrees that the obligations of the Trust under this Agreement are not binding upon any Trustee or shareholder of the Trust or Fund personally, but bind only the Trust and the Trust’s property. Ridgeline represents that it has notice of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust of the Trust disclaiming Trustee or shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and agrees that obligations, if any, assumed by the Trust pursuant to this Agreement will be limited in all cases to the Trust and its assets, and if the liability relates to one or more series, the obligations hereunder will be limited to the respective assets of the Fund.

 

11.          Definitions.

 

The terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be interpreted and defined in a manner consistent with the provisions and definitions of the Investment Company Act.

 

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  ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST, FOR THE FUNDS LISTED IN SCHEDULE A HEREOF  
       
  By: SIGNATURE OF - DAVID A. BOGAERT    
  Name: David A. Bogaert  
  Title: President  
       
  RIDGELINE RESEARCH LLC  
       
  By: SIGNATURE OF - THOMAS A CARTER    
  Name: Thomas A Carter   
  Title: President  

 

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Schedule A

 

Funds, Effective Date and Compensation to Ridgeline

 

The fee payable by the Trust on behalf of each Fund shall be calculated on the daily net assets of each Fund at an annual rate as noted below:

 

FUND: EFFECTIVE DATE: COMPENSATION:
     
American Conservative Values ETF December 4, 2019 .75%
     
American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF December 4, 2019 .75%

 

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99.(d)(2)

 

 

 

INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT

with

Vident Investment Advisory, LLC

 

This INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made as of this 24th  day of March, 2020 by and among RIDGELINE RESEARCH, LLC, a Delaware company with its principal place of business at 14961 Finegan Farm Drive, Darnestown, MD  20874 (the “Adviser”), ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”), and VIDENT INVESTMENT ADVISORY, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company with its principal place of business located at 1125 Sanctuary Parkway, Suite 515, Alpharetta, GA 30009 (the “Sub-Adviser”).

 

W I T N E S S E T H

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is an open-end management investment company, registered as such under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”); and

 

WHEREAS, the Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”); and

 

WHEREAS, the Adviser has entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 4, 2019, as amended to add additional series, with the Trust; and

 

WHEREAS, the Sub-Adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”) and is engaged in the business of supplying investment advice as an independent contractor; and

 

WHEREAS, the Investment Advisory Agreement contemplates that the Adviser may appoint a sub-adviser to perform some or all of the services for which the Adviser is responsible; and

 

WHEREAS, the Sub-Adviser is willing to furnish such services to the Adviser and each Fund listed in Schedule A to this Agreement (each a “Fund” and, collectively, the “Funds”).

 

A G R E E M E N T

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and benefits set forth herein, the parties do hereby agree as follows:

 

1.  Duties of the Sub-Adviser.  Subject to supervision and oversight of the Adviser and the Board of Trustees (the “Board”), and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Agreement, the Sub-Adviser shall manage all of the securities and other assets of the Funds entrusted to it hereunder (the “Assets”), including the purchase, retention and disposition of the Assets, in accordance with the Funds’ respective investment objectives, guidelines, policies and restrictions as stated in each Fund’s prospectus and statement of additional information, as currently in effect and as amended or supplemented from time to time (referred to collectively as the “Prospectus”), and subject to the following:

 

 
 

 

(a)

The Sub-Adviser shall, subject to subparagraph (b), determine from time to time what Assets will be purchased, retained or sold by the Funds, and what portion of the Assets will be invested or held uninvested in cash as is permissible.

 

 

(b)

In the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement, the Sub-Adviser shall act in conformity with the Prospectus, the Statement of Additional Information, the written instructions and directions of the Adviser and of the Board, the terms and conditions of exemptive and no-action relief granted to the Trust as amended from time to time and provided to the Sub-Adviser and the Trust’s policies and procedures provided to the Sub-Adviser and will conform to and comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act, the Commodity Exchange Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and all other applicable federal and state laws and regulations, as each is amended from time to time.

 

 

(c)

The Sub-Adviser shall determine the Assets to be purchased or sold by the Funds as provided in subparagraph (a) and will place orders with or through such persons, brokers or dealers to carry out the policy with respect to brokerage set forth in the Funds’ Prospectus or as the Board or the Adviser may direct in writing from time to time, in conformity with all federal securities laws.  In executing Fund transactions and selecting brokers or dealers, the Sub-Adviser will use its best efforts to seek on behalf of each Fund the best execution and overall terms available.  In assessing the best overall terms available for any transaction, the Sub-Adviser shall consider all factors that it deems relevant, including the breadth of the market in the security, the price of the security, the financial condition and execution capability of the broker or dealer, and the reasonableness of the commission, if any, both for the specific transaction and on a continuing basis.  In evaluating the best overall terms available, and in selecting the broker-dealer to execute a particular transaction, the Sub-Adviser may also consider the brokerage and research services provided (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)).  Consistent with any guidelines established by the Board and Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act, as amended, the Sub-Adviser is authorized to pay to a broker or dealer who provides such brokerage and research services a commission for executing a portfolio transaction for a Fund which is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if, but only if, the Sub-Adviser determines in good faith that such commission was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by such broker or dealer viewed in terms of that particular transaction or in terms of the overall responsibilities of the Sub-Adviser to its discretionary clients, including the Fund.  In addition, the Sub-Adviser is authorized to allocate purchase and sale orders for securities to brokers or dealers (including brokers and dealers that are affiliated with the Adviser, Sub-Adviser or the Trust’s principal underwriter) if the Sub-Adviser believes that the quality of the transaction and the commission are comparable to what they would be with other qualified firms.  In no instance, however, will the Assets be purchased from or sold to the Adviser, Sub-Adviser, the Trust’s principal underwriter, or any affiliated person of the Trust, Adviser, the Sub-Adviser or the principal underwriter, acting as principal in the transaction, except to the extent permitted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the 1940 Act.

 

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(d)

The Sub-Adviser shall maintain all books and records with respect to transactions involving the Assets required by subparagraphs (b)(1), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9) and (10) and paragraph (f) of Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act. The Sub-Adviser shall keep the books and records relating to the Assets required to be maintained by the Sub-Adviser under this Agreement and shall timely furnish to the Adviser all information relating to the Sub-Adviser’s services under this Agreement needed by the Adviser to keep the other books and records of the Fund required by Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, as requested by the Adviser. The Sub-Adviser agrees that all records that it maintains on behalf of a Fund are property of the Fund and the Sub-Adviser will surrender promptly to the Fund any of such records upon the Fund’s request; provided, however, that the Sub-Adviser may retain a copy of such records. In addition, for the duration of this Agreement, the Sub-Adviser shall preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act any such records as are required to be maintained by it pursuant to this Agreement, and shall transfer said records to any successor sub-adviser upon the termination of this Agreement (or, if there is no successor sub-adviser, to the Adviser).

 

 

(e)

The Sub-Adviser shall provide the Fund’s custodian on each business day with information relating to all transactions concerning the Assets and shall provide the Adviser with such information upon request of the Adviser and shall otherwise cooperate with and provide reasonable assistance to the Adviser, the Trust’s administrator, the Trust’s custodian and foreign custodians, the Trust’s transfer agent and pricing agents and all other agents and representatives of the Trust.

 

 

(f)

The Adviser acknowledges that the Sub-Adviser performs investment advisory services for various other clients in addition to the Funds and, to the extent it is consistent with applicable law and the Sub-Adviser’s fiduciary obligations, the Sub-Adviser may give advice and take action with respect to any of those other clients that may differ from the advice given or the timing or nature of action taken for a particular Fund.

 

 

(g)

The Sub-Adviser shall promptly notify the Adviser of any financial condition that is reasonably and foreseeably likely to impair the Sub-Adviser’s ability to fulfill its commitment under this Agreement.

 

 

(h)

The Sub-Adviser shall, unless and until otherwise directed by the Adviser or the Board and consistent with the best interests of each Fund, be responsible for exercising (or not exercising in its discretion) all rights of security holders with respect to securities held by each Fund, including but not limited to: reviewing proxy solicitation materials, voting and handling proxies and converting, tendering exchanging or redeeming securities.  The Sub-Adviser will have no obligation to advise, initiate or take any other action on behalf of the Adviser, the Funds or the Assets in any legal proceedings (including, without limitation, class actions and bankruptcies) relating to the securities comprising the Assets or any other matter.  Sub-Adviser will not file proofs of claims relating to the securities comprising the Assets or any other matter and will not notify the Adviser, the Funds or the Trust’s custodian of class action settlements or bankruptcies relating to the Assets.

 

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(i)

In performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement, the Sub-Adviser shall not consult with any other sub-adviser to the Funds or a sub-adviser to a portfolio that is under common control with the Funds concerning the Assets, except as permitted by the policies and procedures of the Funds.  The Sub-Adviser shall not provide investment advice to any assets of the Funds other than the Assets which it sub-advises.

 

 

(j)

On occasions when the Sub-Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interest of the Funds as well as other clients of the Sub-Adviser, the Sub-Adviser may, to the extent permitted by applicable law and regulations, aggregate the order for securities to be sold or purchased.  In such event, the Sub-Adviser will allocate securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, in a manner the Sub-Adviser reasonably considers to be equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and to such other clients under the circumstances.

 

 

(k)

The Sub-Adviser shall maintain books and records with respect to the Funds’ securities transactions and keep the Board and the Adviser fully informed on an ongoing basis as agreed by the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser of all material facts concerning the Sub-Adviser and its key investment personnel providing services with respect to the Funds and the investment and the reinvestment of the Assets of the Funds.  The Sub-Adviser shall furnish to the Adviser or the Board such reasonably requested regular, periodic and special reports, balance sheets or financial information, and such other information with regard to its affairs as the Adviser or Board may reasonably request and the Sub-Adviser will attend meetings with the Adviser and/or the Trustees, as reasonably requested, to discuss the foregoing.  Upon the request of the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser shall also furnish to the Adviser any other information relating to the Assets that is required to be filed by the Adviser or the Trust with the SEC or sent to shareholders under the 1940 Act (including the rules adopted thereunder) or any exemptive or other relief that the Adviser or the Trust obtains from the SEC.

 

 

(l)

The fair valuation of securities in a Fund may be required when the Adviser becomes aware of significant events that may affect the pricing of all or a portion of a Fund’s portfolio.  The Sub-Adviser will provide assistance in determining the fair value of the Assets, as necessary and reasonably requested by the Adviser or its agent, and use reasonable efforts to arrange for the provision of valuation information or a price(s) from a party(ies) independent of the Sub-Adviser if market prices are not readily available, it being understood that the Sub-Adviser will not be responsible for determining the value of any such security.

 

2.  Duties of the Adviser.  The Adviser shall continue to have responsibility for all services to be provided to the Funds pursuant to the Advisory Agreement and shall oversee and review the Sub-Adviser’s performance of its duties under this Agreement; provided, however, that in connection with its management of the Assets, nothing herein shall be construed to relieve the Sub-Adviser of responsibility for compliance with the Prospectus, the Statement of Additional Information, the written instructions and directions of the Board, the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Code, and all other applicable federal laws and regulations, as each is amended from time to time.

 

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3.  Delivery of Documents.  The Adviser has furnished the Sub-Adviser with copies of each of the following documents:

 

 

(a)

The Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust (such Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as in effect on the date of this Agreement and as amended from time to time, herein called the “Declaration of Trust”);

 

 

(b)

Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Trust (such By-Laws, as in effect on the date of this Agreement and as amended from time to time, are herein called the “By-Laws”);

 

 

(c)

Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Funds, as amended from time to time;

 

 

(d)

Resolutions of the Board approving the engagement of the Sub-Adviser as a sub-adviser to the Funds;

 

 

(e)

Resolutions, policies and procedures adopted by the Board with respect to the Assets to the extent such resolutions, policies and procedures may affect the duties of the Sub-Adviser hereunder;

 

 

(f)

A list of the Trust’s principal underwriter and each affiliated person of the Adviser, the Trust or the principal underwriter; and

 

 

(g)

The terms and conditions of exemptive and no-action relief granted to the Trust, as amended from time to time.

 

The Adviser shall promptly furnish the Sub-Adviser from time to time with copies of all amendments of or supplements to the foregoing.  Until so provided, the Sub-Adviser may continue to rely on those documents previously provided.  The Adviser shall not, and shall not permit any of the Funds to use the Sub-Adviser’s name or make representations regarding Sub-Adviser or its affiliates without prior written consent of Sub-Adviser, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Sub-Adviser’s approval is not required when the information regarding the Sub-Adviser used by the Adviser or the Fund is limited to information disclosed in materials provided by the Sub-Adviser to the Adviser in writing specifically for use in the Fund’s registration statement, as amended or supplemented from time to time, or in Fund shareholder reports or proxy statements and the information is used (a) as required by applicable law, rule or regulation, in the Prospectus of the Fund or in Fund shareholder reports or proxy statements; or (b) as may be otherwise specifically approved in writing by the Sub-Adviser prior to use.

 

4.  Compensation to the Sub-Adviser.  For the services to be provided by the Sub-Adviser pursuant to this Agreement, the Adviser will pay the Sub-Adviser, and the Sub-Adviser agrees to accept as full compensation therefore, a sub-advisory fee at the rate specified in Schedule A which is attached hereto and made part of this Agreement.  The fee will be calculated based on the daily value of the Assets under the Sub-Adviser’s management (as calculated as described in the Fund’s registration statement), shall be computed daily, and will be paid to the Sub-Adviser not less than monthly in arrears.  Except as may otherwise be prohibited by law or regulation (including any then current SEC staff interpretations), the Sub-Adviser may, in its sole discretion and from time to time, waive a portion of its fee.

 

5

 

In the event of termination of this Agreement, the fee provided in this Section shall be computed on the basis of the period ending on the last business day on which this Agreement is in effect; provided, however that any minimum annual fee for any Fund (as noted on Schedule A) will not be prorated if this Agreement is terminated with respect to such Fund within twelve (12) months of its inception under this Agreement, but, rather, such minimum annual fee shall be paid by the Adviser in full (minus any investment management fees already paid during such period) at the time of termination.

 

5.  Expenses.  The Sub-Adviser will furnish, at its expense, all necessary facilities and personnel, including personnel compensation, expenses and fees required for the Sub-Adviser to perform its duties under this Agreement; administrative facilities, including operations and bookkeeping, and all equipment necessary for the efficient conduct of the Sub-Adviser’s duties under this Agreement.  The Sub-Adviser may enter into an agreement with the Funds to limit the operating expenses of the Fund.

 

6.  Indemnification.  The Sub-Adviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Adviser, the Trust, all affiliated persons thereof (within the meaning of Section 2(a)(3) of the Investment Company Act) and all controlling persons (as described in Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities or damages (including reasonable attorney’s fees and other related expenses) however arising from or in connection with the performance of the Sub-Adviser’s obligations under this Agreement to the extent resulting from or relating to Sub-Adviser’s own willful misfeasance, fraud, bad faith or gross negligence, or to the reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement.

 

The Adviser shall indemnify and hold harmless the Sub-Adviser and all affiliated persons thereof from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities or damages (including reasonable attorney’s fees and other related expenses) however arising from or in connection with this Agreement (including, without limitation, any claims of infringement or misappropriation of the intellectual property rights of a third party against the Sub-Adviser or any affiliated person relating to any index or index data provided to Sub-Adviser by the Adviser or Adviser’s agent and used by the Sub-Adviser in connection with performing its duties under this Agreement); provided, however, that the Adviser’s obligation under this Section 6 shall be reduced to the extent that the claim against, or the loss, liability or damage experienced by the Sub-Adviser, is caused by or is otherwise directly related to the Sub-Adviser’s own willful misfeasance, fraud, bad faith or gross negligence, or to the reckless disregard of its duties under this Agreement.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no party to this Agreement shall be responsible or liable for its failure to perform under this Agreement or for any losses to the Assets resulting from any event beyond the reasonable control of such party or its agents, including, but not limited to, nationalization, expropriation, devaluation, seizure or similar action by any governmental authority, de facto or de jure; or enactment, promulgation, imposition or enforcement by any such governmental authority of currency restrictions, exchange controls, levies or other charges affecting the Assets; or the breakdown, failure or malfunction of any utilities or telecommunications systems; or any order or regulation of any banking or securities industry including changes in market rules and market conditions affecting the execution or settlement of transactions; or acts or war, terrorism, insurrection or revolution; or acts of God, or any other similar event.  In no event, shall any party be responsible for incidental, consequential or punitive damages hereunder.

 

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The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

7.  Representations and Warranties of Sub-Adviser. The Sub-Adviser represents and warrants to the Adviser and the Trust as follows:

 

 

(a)

The Sub-Adviser is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act and will continue to be so registered so long as this Agreement remains in effect;

 

 

(b)

The Sub-Adviser will immediately notify the Adviser of the occurrence of any event that would substantially impair the Sub-Adviser’s ability to fulfill its commitment under this Agreement or disqualify the Sub-Adviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9(a) of the 1940 Act.  The Sub-Adviser will also promptly notify the Trust and the Adviser if it, a member of its executive management or portfolio manager for the Assets is served or otherwise receives notice of any action, suit, proceeding or investigation, at law or in equity, before or by any court, government agency, self-regulatory organization, public board or body, involving the affairs of the Funds or relating to the investment advisory services of the Sub-Adviser (other than any routine regulatory examinations);

 

 

(c)

The Sub-Adviser will notify the Adviser immediately upon detection of (a) any material failure to manage the Fund(s) in accordance with the Fund(s)’ stated investment objectives, guidelines and policies or any applicable law or regulation; or (b) any material breach of any of the Fund(s)’ or the Sub-Adviser’s policies, guidelines or procedures relating to the Funds.

 

 

(d)

The Sub-Adviser is fully authorized under all applicable law and regulation to enter into this Agreement and serve as Sub-Adviser to the Funds and to perform the services described under this Agreement;

 

 

(e)

The Sub-Adviser is a limited liability company duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the state of Delaware with the power to own and possess its assets and carry on its business as it is now being conducted;

 

 

(f)

The execution, delivery and performance by the Sub-Adviser of this Agreement are within the Sub-Adviser’s powers and have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of its corporate members or board, and no action by or in respect of, or filing with, any governmental body, agency or official is required on the part of the Sub-Adviser for the execution, delivery and performance by the Sub-Adviser of this Agreement, and the execution, delivery and performance by the Sub-Adviser of this Agreement do not contravene or constitute a default under (i) any provision of applicable law, rule or regulation, (ii) the Sub-Adviser’s governing instruments, or (iii) any agreement, judgment, injunction, order, decree or other instrument binding upon the Sub-Adviser;

 

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(g)

This Agreement is a valid and binding agreement of the Sub-Adviser;

 

 

(h)

The Form ADV of the Sub-Adviser previously provided to the Adviser is a true and complete copy of the form filed with the SEC and the information contained therein is accurate, current and complete in all material respects as of its filing date, and does not omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;

 

 

(i)

The Sub-Adviser shall not divert any Fund’s portfolio securities transactions to a broker or dealer in consideration of such broker or dealer’s promotion or sales of shares of the Fund, any other series of the Trust, or any other registered investment company.

 

 

(j)

The Sub-Adviser agrees to maintain an appropriate level of errors and omissions or professional liability insurance coverage.

 

8.  Duration and Termination. The effectiveness and termination dates of this Agreement shall be determined separately for each Fund as described below.

 

 

(a)

Duration.  This Agreement shall become effective with respect to a Fund upon the latest of (i) the effectiveness of the Transaction; (ii) the approval by a vote of a majority of those Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval; (iii) the approval of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities, if required by the 1940 Act; and (iv) the commencement of the Sub-Adviser’s management of the Fund. With respect to the Fund, this Agreement shall continue in effect for a period of two years from the effective date described in this sub-paragraph, subject thereafter to being continued in force and effect from year to year if specifically approved each year by the Board or by the vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities.  In addition to the foregoing, each renewal of this Agreement must be approved by the vote of a majority of the Board who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.  Prior to voting on the renewal of this Agreement, the Board may request and evaluate, and the Sub-Adviser shall furnish, such information as may reasonably be necessary to enable the Board to evaluate the terms of this Agreement.

 

 

(b)

Termination. Notwithstanding whatever may be provided herein to the contrary, this Agreement may be terminated at any time with respect to a Fund, without payment of any penalty:

 

 

(i)

By vote of a majority of the Board, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Funds, or by the Adviser, in each case, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Sub-Adviser;

 

 

(ii)

By the Adviser upon breach by the Sub-Adviser of any representation or warranty contained in Section 7 and Section 9 hereof, which shall not have been cured within twenty (20) days of the Sub-Adviser’s receipt of written notice of such breach;

 

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(iii)

By the Adviser immediately upon written notice to the Sub-Adviser if the Sub-Adviser becomes unable to discharge its duties and obligations under this Agreement; or

 

 

(iv)

By the Sub-Adviser upon ninety (90) days’ written notice to the Adviser and the Board.

 

This Agreement shall terminate automatically and immediately in the event of its assignment, or in the event of a termination of the Advisory Agreement with the Trust upon notice to the Sub-Adviser.  As used in this Section 8, the terms “assignment” and “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” shall have the respective meanings set forth in the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, subject to such exceptions as may be granted by the SEC under the 1940 Act.

 

9.  Regulatory Compliance Program of the Sub-Adviser.  The Sub-Adviser hereby represents and warrants that:

 

 

(a)

in accordance with Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act, the Sub-Adviser has adopted and implemented and will maintain written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violation by the Sub-Adviser and its supervised persons (as such term is defined in the Advisers Act) of the Advisers Act and the rules the SEC has adopted under the Advisers Act; and

 

 

(b)

the Sub-Adviser has adopted and implemented and will maintain written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to prevent violation of the “federal securities laws” (as such term is defined in Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act) by the Funds and the Sub-Adviser (the policies and procedures referred to in this Section 9(b), along with the policies and procedures referred to in Section 9(a), are referred to herein as the Sub-Adviser’s “Compliance Program”).

 

10.  Confidentiality.  Subject to the duty of the Adviser or Sub-Adviser to comply with applicable law and regulation, including any demand or request of any regulatory, governmental or tax authority having jurisdiction, the parties hereto shall treat as confidential all non-public information pertaining to the Funds and the actions of the Sub-Adviser and the Funds in respect thereof.  It is understood that any information or recommendation supplied by the Sub-Adviser in connection with the performance of its obligations hereunder is to be regarded as confidential and for use only by the Adviser, the Funds, the Board, or such persons as the Adviser may designate in connection with the Funds.  It is also understood that any information supplied to the Sub-Adviser in connection with the performance of its obligations hereunder is to be regarded as confidential and for use only by the Sub-Adviser, its affiliates and agents in connection with its obligation to provide investment advice and other services to the Funds and to assist or enable the effective management of the Adviser’s and the Funds’ overall relationship with the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates.  The parties acknowledge and agree that all nonpublic personal information with regard to shareholders in the Funds shall be deemed proprietary and confidential information of the Adviser, and that the Sub-Adviser shall use that information solely in the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement and shall take reasonable steps to safeguard the confidentiality of that information.  Further, the Sub-Adviser shall maintain and enforce adequate security and oversight procedures with respect to all materials, records, documents and data relating to any of its responsibilities pursuant to this Agreement including all means for the effecting of investment transactions.

 

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11.  Reporting of Compliance Matters.

 

 

(a)

The Sub-Adviser shall promptly provide to the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) the following:

 

 

(i)

a report of any material violations of the Sub-Adviser’s Compliance Program or any “material compliance matters” (as such term is defined in Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act) that have occurred with respect to the Sub-Adviser’s Compliance Program;

 

 

(ii)

on a quarterly basis, a report of any material changes to the policies and procedures that compose the Sub-Adviser’s Compliance Program;

 

 

(iii)

a copy of the Sub-Adviser’s chief compliance officer’s report (or similar document(s) which serve the same purpose) regarding his or her annual review of the Sub-Adviser’s Compliance Program, as required by Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act; and

 

 

(iv)

an annual (or more frequently as the Trust’s CCO may reasonably request) representation regarding the Sub-Adviser’s compliance with Section 7 and Section 9 of this Agreement.

 

 

(b)

The Sub-Adviser shall also provide the Trust’s CCO with reasonable access, during normal business hours, to the Sub-Adviser’s facilities for the purpose of conducting pre-arranged on-site compliance related due diligence meetings with personnel of the Sub-Adviser.

 

12The Name ______________________________.”  The Adviser grants to the Sub-Adviser a sub-license to use the name “______________________________“ (the “Name”).  The foregoing authorization by the Adviser to the Sub-Adviser to use the Name is not exclusive of the right of the Adviser itself to use, or to authorize others to use, the Name; the Sub-Adviser acknowledges and agrees that, as between the Sub-Adviser and the Adviser, the Adviser has the right to use, or authorize others to use, the Name.  The Sub-Adviser shall only use the Name in a manner consistent with uses approved by the Adviser.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Sub-Adviser nor any affiliate or agent of it shall make reference to or use the Name or any of Adviser’s respective affiliates or clients names without the prior approval of Adviser, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; provided that the Sub-Adviser is authorized to disclose the Name and the Adviser’s and the Funds identities as clients of the Sub-Adviser in any representative client list prepared by the Sub-Adviser for use in marketing materials.  The Sub-Adviser hereby agrees to make all reasonable efforts to cause any affiliate or agent of the Sub-Adviser to satisfy the foregoing obligation in connection with any services such affiliates or agents provide to the Sub-Adviser or the Funds under this Agreement.  The Adviser has obtained all licenses and permissions necessary for the Sub-Adviser to use any index data provided to it by the Adviser or Adviser’s agent under this Agreement and the Sub-Adviser is not required to obtain any such licenses or permissions itself.

 

13.  Governing Law.  This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of law principles; provided, however, that nothing herein shall be construed as being inconsistent with the 1940 Act.

 

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14.  Severability.  Should any part of this Agreement be held invalid by a court decision, statute, regulation, rule or otherwise, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors.

 

15.  Notice.  Any notice, advice, document, report or other client communication to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed sufficient if delivered or mailed by registered, certified or overnight mail, postage prepaid or electronically addressed by the party giving notice to the other party at the last address furnished by the other party.  By consenting to the electronic delivery of any notice, advice, document, report or other client communication in respect of this Agreement or as required pursuant to applicable law, the Adviser authorizes the Sub-Adviser to deliver all communications by email or other electronic means.

 

To the Adviser at:

Ridgeline Research, LLC
14961 Finegan Farm Drive
Darnestown, Maryland 20874

 

To the Trust  at:

ETF Opportunities Trust
8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205

Richmond, Virginia 23235

 

To the Sub-Adviser at:

Vident Investment Advisory, LLC

1125 Sanctuary Parkway, Suite 515

Alpharetta, Georgia, 30009

Attention:  Denise Krisko

Email:  dkrisko@videntinvestmentadvisory.com

 

16.  Non-Hire/Non-Solicitation.  The parties hereby agree that, during the term of this Agreement, neither party shall, for any reason, directly or indirectly, on its own behalf or on behalf of others, knowingly hire any person employed by the other party (a “Restricted Person”), whether or not such Restricted Person is a full-time employee or whether or not any Restricted Person’s employment is pursuant to a written agreement or is at-will.  The parties further agree that, to the extent that a party breaches the covenant described in this paragraph, the other party shall be entitled to pursue all appropriate remedies in law or equity. 

 

17.  Amendment of Agreement.  This Agreement may be amended only by written agreement of the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser and the Trust, and only in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

18.  Representations and Warranties of the Adviser. 

 

 

(a)

Each Fund is an “eligible contract participant” as defined in Section 1a(18) of the U.S. Commodity Exchange Act (the “CEA”) and U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) Rule 1.3(m) thereunder and a “qualified eligible person” as defined in Rule 4.7 of the CFTC.  The Adviser consents to each Fund  being treated as an exempt account under Rule 4.7 of the CFTC;

 

11

 

 

(b)

The Adviser is not registered with the National Futures Association as a commodity pool operator or commodity trading adviser because it does not engage in any activities requiring such registration;

 

 

(c)

The execution, delivery and performance by the Adviser and the Funds of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Adviser and the Board (including full authority to bind the Funds to the terms of this Agreement); and

 

 

(d)

The Adviser will promptly notify the Sub-Adviser if any of the above representations in this Section are no longer true and accurate.

 

19.  Entire Agreement.  This Agreement embodies the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto, and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to this Agreement’s subject matter.  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts shall, together, constitute only one instrument.

 

20Interpretation.  Any question of interpretation of any term or provision of this Agreement having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from a term or provision of the 1940 Act will be resolved by reference to such term or provision of the 1940 Act and to interpretations thereof, if any, by the United States courts or, in the absence of any controlling decision of any such court, by rules, regulations or orders of the SEC validly issued pursuant to the 1940 Act. Specifically, the terms “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities,” “interested persons,” “assignment,” and “affiliated persons,” as used herein will have the meanings assigned to them by Section 2(a) of the 1940 Act. In addition, where the effect of a requirement of the 1940 Act reflected in any provision of this Agreement is relaxed by a rule, regulation or order of the SEC, whether of special or of general application, such provision will be deemed to incorporate the effect of such rule, regulation or order.

 

21.  Headings.  The headings in the sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience of reference only and will not constitute a part hereof. 

 

In the event the terms of this Agreement are applicable to more than one Fund of the Trust as specified in Schedule A attached hereto, the Adviser is entering into this Agreement with the Sub-Adviser on behalf of the respective Funds severally and not jointly, with the express intention that the provisions contained in each numbered paragraph hereof shall be understood as applying separately with respect to each Fund as if contained in separate agreements between the Adviser and Sub-Adviser for each such Fund.  In the event that this Agreement is made applicable to any additional Funds by way of a Schedule executed subsequent to the date first indicated above, provisions of such Schedule shall be deemed to be incorporated into this Agreement as it relates to such Fund so that, for example, the execution date for purposes of Section 8 of this Agreement with respect to such Fund shall be the execution date of the relevant Schedule.

 

12

 

22.  Miscellaneous.

 

 

(a)

A copy of the Certificate of Trust is on file with the Secretary of State of Delaware, and notice is hereby given that the obligations of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders of the Fund or the Trust.

 

 

(b)

Where the effect of a requirement of the 1940 Act or Advisers Act reflected in any provision of this Agreement is altered by a rule, regulation or order of the SEC, whether of special or general application, such provision shall be deemed to incorporate the effect of such rule, regulation or order.

 

PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION IN CONNECTION WITH ACCOUNTS OF QUALIFIED ELIGIBLE PERSONS, THIS BROCHURE OR ACCOUNT DOCUMENT IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE, AND HAS NOT BEEN, FILED WITH THE COMMISSION.  THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF PARTICIPATING IN A TRADING PROGRAM OR UPON THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF COMMODITY TRADING ADVISOR DISCLOSURE.  CONSEQUENTLY, THE COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION HAS NOT REVIEWED OR APPROVED THIS TRADING PROGRAM OR THIS BROCHURE OR ACCOUNT DOCUMENT.

 

[Signature page follows]

 

13

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the day first set forth above.

 

 

RIDGELINE RESEARCH, LLC

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

VIDENT INVESTMENT ADVISORY, LLC

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

ON BEHALF OF THE ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 
 

SCHEDULE A

to the

INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT

Dated March 24, 2020 by and among

 

RIDGELINE RESEARCH, LLC

and

VIDENT INVESTMENT ADVISORY, LLC

and

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

The Adviser will pay to the Sub-Adviser as compensation for the Sub-Adviser’s services rendered, a fee, computed daily at an annual rate based on the greater of (1) the minimum annual fee of $30,000 and (2) the daily net assets of the respective Fund in accordance with the following fee schedule:

 

Fund

Rate

Asset Level

American Conservative Values ETF

0.05%

First $250 million

 

0.04%

$250 to $500 million

 

0.03%

Excess of $500 million

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

0.05%

First $250 million

 

0.04%

$250 to $500 million

 

0.03%

Excess of $500 million

 

 

 

 

 ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

 

 

Exhibit 99(e)(1)

 

ETF DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

 

This Distribution Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made this 24th day of March 2020, by and between ETF Opportunities Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”) having its principal place of business at 8370 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, VA 23235, and Foreside Fund Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Distributor”) having its principal place of business at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME  04101.

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is a registered open-end management investment company organized under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) with separate and distinct series (each series a “Fund” and collectively the “Funds”) registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”);

 

WHEREAS, the Trust intends to create and redeem shares of beneficial interest (the “Shares”) of each Fund on a continuous basis and list the Shares on one or more national securities exchanges (together, the “Listing Exchanges”);

 

WHEREAS, the Distributor is registered with the SEC as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”);

 

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to retain the Distributor to (i) act as the principal underwriter of the Funds with respect to the creation and redemption of Creation Units of each Fund, and (ii) hold itself available to receive, review and approve orders for such Creation Units in the manner set forth in the Trust’s Prospectus; and

 

WHEREAS, the Distributor desires to provide the services described herein to the Trust subject to the terms and conditions set forth below.

 

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and undertakings herein contained, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. Appointment.

 

The Trust hereby appoints the Distributor to serve as the principal underwriter of the Funds with respect to the creation and redemption of Creation Units of each Fund listed in Exhibit A hereto (as may be amended by the Trust from time to time on written notice to the Distributor) on the terms and for the period set forth in this Agreement and subject to the registration requirements of the federal securities laws and of the laws governing the sale of securities in the various states, and the Distributor hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to act in such capacity hereunder.

 

 

 

 

2. Definitions.

  

Wherever they are used herein, the following terms have the following respective meanings:

 

(a)        “Prospectus” means the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information constituting parts of the Registration Statement of the Trust under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act as such Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information may be amended or supplemented and filed with the SEC from time to time;

 

(b)        “Registration Statement” means the registration statement most recently filed from time to time by the Trust with the SEC and effective under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act, as such registration statement is amended by any amendments thereto at the time in effect;

 

(c)        All other capitalized terms used but not defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.

 

3. Duties of the Distributor

 

(a)        The Distributor agrees to serve as the principal underwriter of the Funds in connection with the receipt, review, and approval of all Purchase and Redemption Orders of Creation Units of each Fund by Authorized Participants that have executed an Authorized Participant Agreement with the Distributor and Transfer Agent/ Index Receipt Agent. Nothing herein shall affect or limit the right and ability of the Transfer Agent/ Index Receipt Agent to accept Fund Securities, Deposit Securities, and related Cash Components through or outside the Clearing Process, and as provided in and in accordance with the Registration Statement and Prospectus.  The Trust acknowledges that the Distributor shall not be obligated to approve any certain number of orders for Creation Units.

 

(b)        The Distributor agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to provide the following services to the Trust with respect to the continuous distribution of Creation Units of each Fund:  (i) at the request of the Trust, the Distributor shall enter into Authorized Participant Agreements between and among Authorized Participants, the Distributor and the Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent, for the  purchase and redemption of Creation Units of the Funds, (ii) the Distributor shall generate and maintain copies of confirmations of Creation Unit purchase and redemption order acceptances; (iii) upon request, the Distributor will make available copies of the Prospectus to purchasers of such Creation Units and, upon request, the Statement of Additional Information; and  (iv) the Distributor shall maintain telephonic, facsimile and/or access to direct computer communications links with the Transfer Agent. 

 

(c)        The Distributor shall ensure that all direct requests to Distributor for Prospectuses, Statements of Additional Information, product descriptions and periodic fund reports, as applicable, are fulfilled. 

 

2 

 

 

(d)       The Distributor agrees to make available, at the Trust’s request, one or more members of its staff to attend, either via telephone or in person,  Board meetings of the Trust in order to provide information with regard to the Distributor’s services hereunder and for such other purposes as may be requested by the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

 

(e)        Distributor shall review and approve, prior to use, all Trust marketing materials (“Marketing Materials”) for compliance with SEC and FINRA advertising rules, and will file all Marketing Materials required to filed with FINRA.  The Distributor agrees to furnish to the Trust’s investment adviser any comments provided by FINRA with respect to such materials.

 

(f)        The Distributor shall not offer any Shares and shall not approve any creation or redemption order hereunder if and so long as the effectiveness of the Registration Statement then in effect or any necessary amendments thereto shall be suspended under any of the provisions of the 1933 Act or if and so long as a current prospectus as required by Section 10 of the 1933 Act is not on file with the SEC; provided, however, that nothing contained in this paragraph shall in any way restrict or have any application to or bearing upon the Trust’s obligation to redeem or repurchase any Shares from any shareholder in accordance with provisions of the Prospectus or Registration Statement.

 

(g)        The Distributor shall provide an order processing system pursuant to which the Authorized Participants may place requests to create and redeem Creation Units. Such order processing system will (i) generate and transmit confirmations of purchase and redemption orders to Authorized Participants; (ii) provide acknowledgements to Authorized Participants that orders have been accepted; (iii) reject any orders that were not submitted in proper form or in a timely fashion; (iv) ( require confirmation from each Authorized Participant that such Authorized Participant will not place trades that would raise their total holdings to 80% or more of applicable Fund (“Confirmation”); and (v) maintain such Confirmations, and all purchase and redemption orders from each Authorized Participant.

 

(h)         The Distributor shall maintain a dedicated toll-free line for Authorized Participants to place share creation and redemption orders.

 

(i)         The Distributor agrees to maintain, and preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act, such records as are required to be maintained by Rule 31a-1(d) under the 1940 Act. The Distributor agrees that all records which it maintains pursuant to the 1940 Act for the Trust shall at all times remain the property of the Trust, shall be readily accessible during normal business hours, and shall be promptly surrendered upon the termination of the Agreement or otherwise on written request; provided, however, that Distributor may retain all such records required to be maintained by Distributor pursuant to applicable FINRA or SEC rules and regulations.

 

(j)         The Distributor agrees to maintain compliance policies and procedures (a “Compliance Program”) that are reasonably designed to prevent violations of the Federal Securities Laws (as defined in Rule 38a-1 of the 1940 Act) with respect to the Distributor’s services under this Agreement, and to provide any and all information with respect to the Compliance Program, including without limitation, information and certifications with respect to material violations of the Compliance Program and any material deficiencies or changes therein, as may be reasonably requested by the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer or Board of Trustees.

 

3 

 

 

4. Duties of the Trust.

 

(a)        The Trust agrees to create, issue, and redeem Creation Units of each Fund in accordance with the procedures described in the Prospectus. Upon reasonable notice to the Distributor and in accordance with the procedures described in the Prospectus, the Trust reserves the right to reject any order for Creation Units or to stop all receipts of such orders at any time.

 

(b)        The Trust agrees that it will take all actions necessary to register an indefinite number of Shares under the 1933 Act. 

 

(c)        The Trust will make available to the Distributor such number of copies as Distributor may reasonably request of (i) its then currently effective Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information and product description, (ii) copies of semi-annual reports and annual audited reports of the Trust’s books and accounts made by independent public accountants regularly retained by the Trust, and (iii)  such other publicly available information for use in connection with the distribution of Creation Units. 

 

(d)       The Trust shall inform Distributor of any such jurisdictions in which the Trust has filed notice filings for Shares for sale under the securities laws thereof and shall promptly notify the Distributor of any change in this information.  The Distributor shall not be liable for damages resulting from the sale of Shares in authorized jurisdictions where the Distributor had no information from the Trust that such sale or sales were unauthorized at the time of such sale or sales.

 

(e)        The Distributor acknowledges and agrees that the Trust reserves the right to suspend sales and Distributor’s authority to receive, review and approve orders for Creation Units on behalf of the Trust. Upon due notice to the Distributor, the Trust shall suspend the Distributor’s authority to receive, review and approve Creation Units if, in the judgment of the Trust, it is in the best interests of the Trust to do so. Suspension will continue for such period as may be determined by the Trust.

 

(f)         The Trust shall arrange to provide the Listing Exchanges with copies of Prospectuses, Statements of Additional Information, and product descriptions to be provided to purchasers in the secondary market.

  

(g)        The Trust will make it known that Prospectuses and Statements of Additional Information and product descriptions are available by making sure such disclosures are in all marketing and advertising materials prepared by the Trust.

 

4 

 

 

5. Fees and Expenses.

 

(a)        The Distributor shall be entitled to no compensation or reimbursement of expenses from the Trust for the services provided by the Distributor pursuant to this Agreement.  The Distributor may receive compensation from the Investment Adviser related to its services hereunder or for additional services as may be agreed to between the Investment Adviser and Distributor. 

 

(b)        The Trust shall bear the cost and expenses of: (i) the registration of the Shares for sale under the 1933 Act; and (ii) the registration or qualification of the Shares for sale under the securities laws of the various States;

 

(c)        The Distributor shall pay (i) all expenses relating to Distributor’s broker-dealer qualification and registration under the 1934 Act; and (ii) the expenses incurred by the Distributor in connection with routine FINRA filing fees.

 

(d)       Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Distributor and its affiliates may receive compensation or reimbursement from the Trust’s Investment Adviser with respect to any services performed under this Agreement, as may be agreed upon by the parties from time to time.

 

(e)        The Trust shall bear any costs associated with printing Prospectuses, Statements of Additional Information and all other such materials.

 

6. Indemnification.

 

(a)        The Trust agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Distributor, its affiliates and each of their respective directors, officers and employees and agents and any person who controls the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (any of the Distributor, its officers, employees, agents and directors or such control persons, for purposes of this paragraph, a “Distributor Indemnitee”) against any loss, liability, claim, damages or expense (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending any alleged loss, liability, claim, damages or expense and reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) (“Losses”) that a Distributor Indemnitee may incur arising out of or based upon: (i) Distributor serving as distributor for the Trust pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) the allegation of any wrongful act of the Trust or any of its directors, officers, employees or affiliates in connection with its duties and responsibilities in this Agreement (iii) any claim that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information, product description, shareholder reports, Marketing Materials and advertisements specifically approved by the Trust and Investment Adviser or other information filed or made public by the Trust (as from time to time amended) included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein (and in the case of the Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information and product description, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading under the 1933 Act, or any other statute or the common law; (iv) the breach by the Trust of any obligation, representation or warranty contained in this Agreement; or (v) the Trust’s failure to comply in any material respect with applicable securities laws.

 

5 

 

 

(b)        The Distributor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and each of its Trustees and officers and any person who controls the Trust within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (for purposes of this paragraph, the Trust and each of its Trustees and officers and its controlling persons are collectively referred to as the “Trust Indemnitees”) against any Losses arising out of or based upon (i) the allegation of any wrongful act of the Distributor or any of its directors, officers, employees or affiliates in connection with its activities as Distributor pursuant to this Agreement; (ii) the breach of any obligation, representation or warranty contained in this Agreement by the Distributor; (iii) the Distributor’s failure to comply in any material respect with applicable securities laws, including applicable FINRA regulations; or (iv) any allegation that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information, product description, shareholder reports, any information or materials relating to the Funds (as described in section 3(g)) or other information filed or made public by the Trust (as from time to time amended) included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements not misleading, insofar as such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with information furnished to the Trust, in writing, by the Distributor.

 

In no case (i) is the indemnification provided by an indemnifying party to be deemed to protect against any liability the indemnified party would otherwise be subject to by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement, or (ii) is the indemnifying party to be liable under this Section with respect to any claim made against any indemnified party unless the indemnified party notifies the indemnifying party in writing of the claim within a reasonable time after the summons or other first written notification giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the indemnified party (or after the indemnified party shall have received notice of service on any designated agent).

 

Failure to notify the indemnifying party of any claim shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any liability that it may have to the indemnified party against whom such action is brought, on account of this Section, unless failure or delay to so notify the indemnifying party prejudices the indemnifying party’s ability to defend against such claim. The indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate at its own expense in the defense or, if it so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce the claim, but if the indemnifying party elects to assume the defense, the defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by it and satisfactory to the indemnified party. In the event that indemnifying party elects to assume the defense of any suit and retain counsel, the indemnified party shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them. If the indemnifying party does not elect to assume the defense of any suit, it will reimburse the indemnified party for the reasonable fees and expenses of any counsel retained by them. The indemnifying party agrees to notify the indemnified party promptly of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against it or any of its officers or directors in connection with the purchase or redemption of any of the Creation Units or the Shares.

 

6 

 

 

(c)         No indemnified party shall settle any claim against it for which it intends to seek indemnification from the indemnifying party, under the terms of section 6(a) or 6(b) above, without prior written notice to and consent from the indemnifying party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.  No indemnified or indemnifying party shall settle any claim unless the settlement contains a full release of liability with respect to the other party in respect of such action. This section 6 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

(d)        The Trust acknowledges and agrees that as part of its duties, Distributor will enter into agreements with certain authorized participants (each an “AP” and collectively the “APs”) for the purchase and redemption of Creation Units (each such agreement an “AP Agreement”). The APs may insert and require that Distributor agree to certain provisions in the AP Agreements that contain certain representations, undertakings and indemnification that are not included in the form-of AP Agreement (each such modified AP Agreement a “Non-Standard AP Agreement).

 

   To the extent that Distributor is requested or required to make any such representations mentioned above, the Trust shall indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor Indemnitees free and harmless from and against any and all Losses that any Distributor Indemnitee may incur arising out of or relating to (a) the Distributor’s actions or failures to act pursuant to any Non-Standard AP Agreement; (b) any representations made by the Distributor in any Non-Standard AP Agreement to the extent that the Distributor is not required to make such representations in the form-of AP Agreement; or (c) any indemnification provided by the Distributor under a Non-Standard AP Agreement.  In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Distributor Indemnitees against any liability to the Trust or its shareholders to which the Distributor Indemnitees would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of Distributor’s obligations or duties under the Non-Standard AP Agreement or by reason of Distributor’s reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under the Non-Standard AP Agreement.

 

7. Representations.

 

(a)

The Distributor represents and warrants that:

 

1.

(i) it is duly organized as a Delaware limited liability company and is and at all times will remain duly authorized and licensed under applicable law to carry out its services as contemplated herein; (ii) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement are within its power and have been duly authorized by all necessary action; (iii) its entering into this Agreement or providing the services contemplated hereby does not conflict with or constitute a default or require a consent under or breach of any provision of any agreement or document to which the Distributor is a party or by which it is bound; (iv) it is registered as a broker-dealer under the 1934 Act and is a member of FINRA; and (v) it has in place compliance policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violations of the Federal Securities Laws as that term is defined in Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act. 

 

7 

 

 

2.

All activities by the Distributor and its agents and employees in connection with the services provided in this Agreement shall comply with the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the instructions of the Trust, and all applicable laws, rules and regulations including, without limitation, all rules and regulations made or adopted pursuant to the 1940 Act by the SEC or any securities association registered under the 1934 Act, including FINRA.

 

(b)        The Distributor and the Trust each individually represent that its anti-money laundering program (“AML Program”), at a minimum, (i) designates a compliance officer to administer and oversee the AML Program, (ii) provides ongoing employee training, (iii) includes an independent audit function to test the effectiveness of the AML Program, (iv) establishes internal policies, procedures, and controls that are tailored to its particular business, (v)  provides for the filing of all necessary anti-money laundering reports including, but not limited to, currency transaction reports and suspicious activity reports, and (vi) allows for appropriate regulators to examine its anti-money laundering books and records. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust acknowledges that the Authorized Participants are not “customers” for the purposes of 31 CFR 103.

 

(c)        The Distributor and the Trust each individually represent and warrant that: (i) it has procedures in place reasonably designed to protect the privacy of non-public personal consumer/customer financial information to the extent required by applicable law, rule and regulation; and (ii) it will comply with all of the applicable terms and provisions of the 1934 Act;

 

(d)       The Trust represents and warrants that:

 

1.

(i) it is duly organized as a Delaware statutory trust and is and at all times will remain duly authorized to carry out its obligations as contemplated herein; (ii) it is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act; (iii) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement are within its power and have been duly authorized by all necessary action; (iv) its entering into this Agreement does not conflict with or constitute a default or require a consent under or breach of any provision of any agreement or document to which the Trust is a party or by which it is bound; (v) the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus have been prepared, and all Marketing Materials shall be prepared, in all materials respects, in conformity with the 1933 Act, the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC (the “Rules and Regulations”); and (vi) the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus contain, and all Marketing Materials shall contain, all statements required to be stated therein in accordance with the 1933 Act, the 1940 Act and the Rules and Regulations; (vii) all statements of fact contained therein, or to be contained in all Marketing Materials, are or will be true and correct in all material respects at the time indicated or the effective date, as the case may be, and none of the Registration Statement, any Fund’s Prospectus, nor any Marketing Materials shall include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the case of each Fund’s Prospectus in light of the circumstances in which made, not misleading; and (viii) except as otherwise noted in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the offering price for all Creation Units will be the aggregate net asset value of the Shares per Creation Unit of the relevant Fund, as determined in the manner described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus;

 

8 

 

 

2.

it shall file such amendment or amendments to the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus as, in the light of future developments, shall, in the opinion of the Trust’s counsel, be necessary in order to have the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus at all times contain all material facts required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which made, not misleading. The Trust shall not file any amendment to the Registration Statement or each Fund’s Prospectus without giving the Distributor reasonable notice thereof in advance, provided that nothing in this Agreement shall in any way limit the Trust’s right to file at any time such amendments to the Registration Statement or any Fund’s Prospectus as the Trust may deem advisable. The Trust will also notify the Distributor in the event of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust shall not be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to any information or statement provided by the Distributor for inclusion in the Registration Statement or any Fund’s Prospectus; and

 

3.

upon delivery of Deposit or Fund Securities to an Authorized Participant in connection with a purchase or redemption of Creation Units, the Authorized Participant will acquire good and unencumbered title to such securities, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances, and not subject to any adverse claims and that such Fund and Deposit Securities will not be “restricted securities” as such term is used in Rule 144(a)(3)(i) under the 1933 Act.

 

9 

 

 

8. Duration, Termination and Amendment.

 

(a)        This Agreement shall be effective on the date set forth above, and unless terminated as provided herein, shall continue for two years from its effective date, and thereafter from year to year, provided such continuance is approved annually (i) by vote of a majority of the Trustees or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and (ii) by the vote of a majority of those Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. This Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, as to each Fund (i) by vote of a majority of those Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party or (ii) by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, or by the Distributor, on at least sixty (60) days prior written notice. This Agreement shall automatically terminate without the payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment.  As used in this paragraph, the terms “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities,” “assignment,” “affiliated person” and “interested person” shall have the respective meanings specified in the 1940 Act.

 

(b)        No provision of this Agreement may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated except by an instrument in writing signed by both parties.

 

9. Notice.

 

Any notice or other communication authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to either party shall be in writing and deemed to have been given when delivered in person or by facsimile, electronic mail, or posted by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the following address (or such other address as a party may specify by written notice to the other):

  

(i)  To Foreside:

(ii)  If to the Trust:

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

Attn:  Legal Department

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100

Portland, ME  04101

Telephone:  (207) 553-7110

Facsimile:  (207) 553-7151

Email:legal@foreside.com

 

  With a copy to:

  etp-services@foreside.com

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

Attn:  President

8370 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205 Richmond, VA 23235

Telephone:  804-267-7400

Facsimile:  804-330-5809

Email:  mgt@ccofva.com

 

10. Choice of Law.

 

This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the state of Delaware, without giving effect to the choice of laws provisions thereof.

 

10 

 

 

11. Counterparts.

 

This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

12. Severability.

 

If any provisions of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid, in whole or in part, then the other provisions of this Agreement shall remain in force. Invalid provisions shall, in accordance with this Agreement’s intent and purpose, be amended, to the extent legally possible, in order to effectuate the intended results of such invalid provisions.

 

13. Insurance.

 

The Distributor will maintain at its expense an errors and omissions insurance policy adequate to cover services provided by the Distributor hereunder.

  

14. Confidentiality.

 

During the term of this Agreement, the Distributor and the Trust may have access to confidential information relating to such matters as either party’s business, trade secrets, systems, procedures, manuals, products, contracts, personnel, and clients. As used in this Agreement, “Confidential Information” means information belonging to one of the parties that is of value to such party and the disclosure of which could result in a competitive or other disadvantage to such party. Confidential Information includes, without limitation, financial information, proposal and presentations, reports, forecasts, inventions, improvements and other intellectual property; trade secrets; know-how; designs, processes or formulae; software; market or sales information or plans; customer lists; and business plans, prospects and opportunities (such as possible acquisitions or dispositions of businesses or facilities). Confidential Information includes information developed by either party in the course of engaging in the activities provided for in this Agreement, unless: (i) the information is or becomes publicly known through lawful means; (ii) the information is disclosed to the other party without a confidential restriction by a third party who rightfully possesses the information and did not obtain it, either directly or indirectly, from one of the parties, as the case may be, or any of their respective principals, employees, affiliated persons, or affiliated entities. The parties understand and agree that all Confidential Information shall be kept confidential by the other both during and after the term of this Agreement. Each party shall maintain commercially reasonable information security policies and procedures for protecting Confidential Information. The parties further agree that they will not, without the prior written approval by the other party, disclose such Confidential Information, or use such Confidential Information in any way, either during the term of this Agreement or at any time thereafter, except as required in the course of this Agreement and as provided by the other party or as required by law. Upon termination of this Agreement for any reason, or as otherwise requested by the Trust, all Confidential Information held by or on behalf of Trust shall be promptly returned to the Trust, or an authorized officer of the Distributor will certify to the Trust in writing that all such Confidential Information has been destroyed.  This section 14 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a party may disclose the other’s Confidential Information if (i) required by law, regulation or legal process or if requested by the SEC or other governmental regulatory agency with jurisdiction over the parties hereto or (ii) requested to do so by the other party.

 

11 

 

 

15. Limitation of Liability.

 

This Agreement is executed by or on behalf of the Trust with respect to each of the Trust Funds and the obligations hereunder are not binding upon any of the trustees, officers or shareholders of the Trust individually but are binding only upon the Fund to which such obligations pertain and the assets and property of such Fund.  Separate and distinct records are maintained for each Fund and the assets associated with any such Fund are held and accounted for separately from the other assets of the Trust, or any other Fund of the Trust. The debts, liabilities, obligations, and expenses incurred, contracted for, or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Fund of the Trust shall be enforceable against the assets of that Fund only, and not against the assets of the Trust generally or any other Fund, and none of the debts, liabilities, obligations, and expenses incurred, contracted for, or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other Fund shall be enforceable against the assets of that Fund.  The Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust is on file with the Trust.

 

16. Use of Names; Publicity.

 

The Trust shall not use the Distributor’s name in any offering material, shareholder report, advertisement or other material relating to the Trust, in a manner not approved by the Distributor in writing prior to such use, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld.  The Distributor hereby consents to all uses of its name required by the SEC, any state securities commission, or any federal or state regulatory authority.

 

The Distributor shall not use the name “ETF Opportunities Trust” or the names of any of the Funds listed on Exhibit A in any offering material, shareholder report, advertisement or other material relating to the Distributor, other than for the purpose of merely identifying the Trust as a client of Distributor hereunder, in a manner not approved by the Trust in writing prior to such use; provided, however, that the Trust shall consent to all uses of its name required by the SEC, any state securities commission, or any federal or state regulatory authority; and provided, further, that in no case shall such approval be unreasonably withheld.

 

The Distributor will not issue any press releases or make any public announcements regarding the existence of this Agreement without the express written consent of the Trust.  Neither the Trust nor the Distributor will disclose any of the economic terms of this Agreement, except as may be required by law. 

 

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17. Exclusivity

 

Nothing herein contained shall prevent the Distributor from entering into similar distribution arrangements or from providing the services contemplated hereunder to other investment companies or investment vehicles. 

 

18. Governing Language.

 

This Agreement has been negotiated and executed by the parties in English. In the event any translation of this Agreement is prepared for convenience or any other purpose, the provisions of the English version shall prevail.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their officers designated below as of the date first set forth above.

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

By: 

             

 

Name: David A. Bogaert

 

Title: President

 

 

FORESIDE FUND SERVICES, LLC

 

By: 

                

 

 

Mark Fairbanks, Vice President

 

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EXHIBIT A

 

American Conservative Values ETF 

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

 

14 

 

 ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

 

 

Exhibit 99(e)(2)

 

FORM OF AUTHORIZED PARTICIPANT AGREEMENT

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

This Authorized Participant Agreement (the “Agreement”) is entered into by and between Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) and __________ (the “Participant”) and is subject to acceptance by [Name of Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] (the “[Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent]”), and is further subject to acknowledgement and agreement by ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”), a series trust offering a number of portfolios of securities (each a “Fund” and collectively the “Funds”), solely with respect to Sections 4(c) and 12(c) herein.  Capitalized terms used but not defined herein are defined in the current prospectus for each Fund as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time, and included in the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as it may be amended from time to time, or otherwise filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (together with such Fund’s Statement of Additional Information incorporated therein, the “Prospectus”). 

 

            The Distributor provides services as principal underwriter of the Funds acting on an agency basis in connection with the distribution of shares of beneficial interest of each Fund (the “Shares”). The [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] has been retained to provide certain transfer agency services.

 

            This Agreement is intended to set forth certain procedures by which the Participant may purchase and/or redeem Creation Units through the Federal Reserve/Treasury Automated Debt Entry System maintained at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the “Federal Reserve Book-Entry System”) and the Continuous Net Settlement (“CNS”) clearing processes of National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”) (as such processes have been enhanced to effect purchases and redemptions of Creation Units, the “CNS Clearing Process”) or, outside of the CNS Clearing Process, the manual process of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”).

 

            Nothing in this Agreement shall obligate the Participant to create or redeem one or more Creation Units of Shares, to facilitate a creation or redemption through it by a participant client, or to sell or offer to sell the Shares.

 

            The parties agree as follows:

 

1.

STATUS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARTICIPANT

 

(a)        The Participant represents and warrants that it has the ability to transact through the Federal Reserve Book-Entry System and, with respect to orders for the purchase of Creation Units (“Purchase Orders”) or orders for redemption of Creation Units (“Redemption Orders” and, together with Purchase Orders, the “Orders”), (i) through the CNS Clearing Process, because it is a member of NSCC and a participant in the CNS System of NSCC, and/or (ii) outside the CNS Clearing Process, because it is a DTC participant (a “DTC Participant”). Any change in the foregoing status of the Participant shall automatically and immediately terminate this Agreement. The Participant shall give prompt written notice of any such change to the Distributor and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent].

 

            The Participant may place Orders either through the CNS Clearing Process or outside the CNS Clearing Process, subject to the procedures for purchase and redemption set forth in the Prospectus and Section 2 of this Agreement.

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(b)      The Participant represents and warrants that: (i) it is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC, and it is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), or it is exempt from, or it is otherwise not required to be registered as, a broker-dealer or a member of FINRA; (ii) it is registered and/or licensed to act as a broker or dealer, as required under all applicable laws, rules and regulations in the states or other jurisdictions in which the Participant conducts its activities, or it is otherwise exempt; and (iii) it is a Qualified Institutional Buyer, as defined in Rule 144A under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”).

 

           The Participant agrees that it will: (i) maintain such registrations, licenses, qualifications, and memberships in good standing and in full force and effect throughout the term of this Agreement; (ii) conform to the FINRA “Conduct Rules” and the securities laws of any jurisdiction in which it sells Shares, directly or indirectly, to the extent such laws, rules and regulations relate to the Participant’s transactions in, and activities with respect to, the Shares; and (iii) not offer or sell Shares of any Fund in any state or jurisdiction where such Shares may not lawfully be offered and/or sold.

 

             Any change in the foregoing status of the Participant shall terminate this Agreement.  The Participant shall give prompt written notice of any such change to the Distributor and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent].

 

 (c)       In the event Shares are authorized for sale in jurisdictions outside the several states, territories and possessions of the United States and the Participant offers and sells Shares in such jurisdictions and is not otherwise required to be registered or qualified as a broker or dealer, or to be a member of FINRA as set forth above, the Participant nevertheless agrees to observe the applicable laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdiction in which such offer and/or sale is made, to comply with the full disclosure requirements of the Securities Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder, and to conduct its business in accordance with the FINRA Conduct Rules, to the extent the foregoing relates to the Participant’s transactions in, and activities with respect to, the Shares.

 

(d)       The Participant understands and acknowledges that the method by which Creation Units will be created and traded may raise certain issues under certain interpretations of applicable U.S. federal securities laws. For example, because new Creation Units of Shares may be issued and sold by a Fund on an ongoing basis, a “distribution”, as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may occur at any point. The Participant understands and acknowledges that some activities on its part, depending on the circumstances, may result in it being deemed a participant in a distribution in a manner which could, under certain interpretations of applicable law, render it a statutory underwriter and subject it to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. The Participant also understands and acknowledges that dealers who are not “underwriters,” but who effect transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. For the avoidance of doubt, the Participant does not admit to being an underwriter of the Shares.

 

2.         EXECUTION OF PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION ORDERS

 

(a)       All Orders must comply with the procedures for Orders set forth in the Prospectus and in this Agreement, which includes the attachments.  The Participant, the Distributor, and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] each agrees to comply with the provisions of the Prospectus, this Agreement, and the laws, rules, and regulations that are applicable to it in its role under this Agreement.  If there is a conflict between the terms of the Prospectus and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of the Prospectus control. 

 2

 

 

(b)       Phone lines used in connection with Orders will be recorded.  The Participant hereby consents to the recording of all calls in connection with the Orders, provided that the Participant may reasonably request that the recording party promptly provide to the Participant copies of recordings of any such calls, which have been retained in accordance with the recording party’s usual document retention policy.  If a recording party becomes legally compelled to disclose to any third party any recording involving communications with the Participant, to the extent legally permitted to do so, such recording party shall provide the Participant with reasonable advance written notice identifying the recordings to be disclosed, together with copies of such recordings, so that the Participant may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy with respect to the recordings or waive its right to do so.

 

(c)       The Participant understands that a Creation Unit generally will not be issued until the requisite cash and/or the designated basket of securities (the “Deposit Securities”), as well as applicable Transaction Fee and taxes are transferred to the Trust on or before the settlement date in accordance with the Prospectus.

 

3.         AUTHORIZATION OF [TRANSFER AGENT/INDEX RECEIPT AGENT]

 

            With respect to Orders submitted through the Clearing Process, the Participant hereby authorizes the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], or its designee, to transmit to the NSCC on behalf of the Participant such instructions, including share and cash amounts as are necessary with respect to the purchase and redemption of Creation Units, and Orders consistent with the instructions and Orders issued by the Participant to the Distributor.  The Participant agrees to be bound by the terms of such instructions and Orders as reported by the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] or its designee to the NSCC as though such instructions were issued by the Participant directly to the NSCC.

 

4.         MARKETING MATERIALS AND REPRESENTATIONS.

 

(a)       The Participant represents and warrants that it will not make any representations concerning a Fund, Creation Units or Shares, other than those consistent with the Prospectus or any Marketing Materials (as defined below) furnished to the Participant by the Distributor.

 

(b)       The Participant agrees not to furnish, or cause to be furnished by it or its employees, to any person, or to display or publish, any information or materials relating to a Fund or the Shares, including, without limitation, promotional materials and sales literature, advertisements, press releases, announcements, statements, posters, signs or other similar materials (“Marketing Materials”), unless such Marketing Materials: (i) are either furnished to the Participant by the Distributor, or, if prepared by the Participant, are consistent in all material respects with the Prospectus, are approved by the Distributor in writing, and clearly indicate that such Marketing Materials are prepared and distributed by the Participant, and (ii) comply with applicable FINRA Conduct Rules. The Participant shall file all such Marketing Materials that it prepares with FINRA, if required by applicable laws, rules or regulations.

 

(c)      The Trust represents and warrants that (i) the Prospectus is effective, no stop order of the SEC or any other federal, state or foreign regulatory authority or self-regulatory authority, with respect thereto has been issued, no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to its knowledge, are being contemplated; (ii) the Prospectus conforms in all material respects to the requirements of all applicable law, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder and does not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (iii) the Shares, when issued and delivered against payment of consideration thereof, as provided in this Agreement, will be duly and validly authorized, issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of statutory and contractual preemptive rights, rights of first refusal and similar rights; (iv) no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or governmental agency or body is required for the issuance and sale of the Shares, except the registration of the Shares under the 1933 Act; (v) Shares will be listed for trading on a national exchange; (vi) it will not lend Shares pursuant to any securities lending arrangement that would prevent the Trust from settling a Redemption Order when due; (vii) any and all Marketing Materials prepared by the Trust or the Funds’ adviser and provided to the Participant in connection with the offer and sale of Shares shall comply with applicable law, including without limitation, the provisions of the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder and applicable requirements of FINRA, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact related to a Fund or the Shares or omit to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and (viii) it will not name the Participant in the Prospectus, Marketing Materials, or on the Fund’s website without the prior written consent of Participant, unless such naming is required by law, rule, or regulation.

 

 3

 

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Marketing Materials shall not include (i) written materials of any kind that generally mention a Fund without recommending the Fund (including in connection with a list of products sold through Participant or in the context of asset allocations), (ii) materials prepared and used for the Participant’s internal use only, (iii) brokerage communications, including correspondence and institutional communications, as defined under FINRA rules, prepared by the Participant in the normal course of its business, and (iv) research reports; provided, however, that any such materials prepared by Participant comply with applicable FINRA Conduct Rules and other applicable laws, rules and regulations.

 

5.         TITLE TO SECURITIES; RESTRICTED SHARES

 

           The Participant represents and warrants on behalf of itself and any party for which it acts that Deposit Securities delivered by it to the custodian and/or any relevant sub-custodian in connection with a Purchase Order will not be “restricted securities,” as such term is used in Rule 144(a)(3)(i) of the 1933 Act, and, at the time of delivery, the Fund will acquire good and unencumbered title to such Deposit Securities, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances, and not be subject to any adverse claims.

 

6.         BALANCING AMOUNT

 

           The Participant hereby agrees that, in connection with a Purchase Order, it will make available on or before the contractual settlement date (the “Contractual Settlement Date”), by means satisfactory to the Trust, and in accordance with the provisions of the Prospectuses, immediately available or same day funds estimated by the Trust to be sufficient to pay the Balancing Amount next determined after acceptance of the Purchase Order, together with the applicable Transaction Fee. Any excess funds will be returned following settlement of the Purchase Order. The Participant agrees to ensure that the Balancing Amount will be received by the issuing Fund in accordance with the terms of the Prospectuses, but in any event on or before the Contractual Settlement Date, and in the event payment of such Balancing Amount has not been made in accordance with the provisions of the Prospectuses or by such Contractual Settlement Date, the Participant agrees  in connection with a Purchase Order to pay the amount of the Balancing Amount, plus interest, computed at such reasonable rate as may be specified by the Fund from time to time. The Participant shall be liable to the custodian, any sub-custodian or the Trust for any amounts advanced by the custodian or any sub-custodian in its sole discretion to the Participant for payment of the amounts due and owing for the Balancing Amount. Computation of the Balancing Amount shall exclude any taxes, duties or other fees and expenses payable upon the transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Participant and not the Trust.

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7.         ROLE OF PARTICIPANT

 

(a)       Each Party acknowledges and agrees that, for all purposes of this Agreement, the Participant will be deemed to be an independent contractor, and will have no authority to act as agent for the Funds or the Distributor in any matter or in any respect under this Agreement.  The Participant agrees to make itself and its employees available, upon reasonable request, during normal business hours to consult with the Funds or the Distributor or their designees concerning the performance of the Participant’s responsibilities under this Agreement.

 

(b)       The Participant agrees as a DTC Participant and in connection with any purchase or redemption transactions in which it acts on behalf of a third party, that it shall extend to such party all of the rights, and shall be bound by all of the obligations, of a DTC Participant in addition to any obligations that it undertakes hereunder or in accordance with the Prospectuses.

 

(c)       The Participant represents that from time to time, it may be a beneficial owner of Shares (“Beneficial Owner”). To the extent that it is a Beneficial Owner, the Participant agrees to irrevocably appoint the Distributor as its attorney and proxy with full authorization and power to vote (or abstain from voting) its beneficially owned Shares with no input from the Participant. The Distributor, as attorney and proxy for the Participant hereunder: (i) is hereby given full power of substitution and revocation; (ii) may act through such agents, nominees, or attorneys as it may appoint from time to time; and (iii) may provide voting instructions to such agents, nominees, or substitute attorneys. This irrevocable proxy terminates upon termination of the Agreement.

 

 (d)      The Participant represents and warrants that it has implemented, and agrees to maintain and implement on an on-going basis, an anti-money laundering program reasonably designed to comply with all applicable anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including but not limited to the Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 and the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, each as amended from time to time, and any rules adopted thereunder and/or any applicable anti-money laundering laws and regulations of other jurisdictions where Participant conducts business, and any rules adopted thereunder or guidelines issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency. 

 

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8.         AUTHORIZED PERSONS OF THE PARTICIPANT

 

(a)       Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and from time to time thereafter as may be requested by the Funds, the Distributor, or the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], the Participant shall deliver to the Funds and the Distributor, with copies to the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], a certificate in the format of Annex I to this Agreement, duly certified by a duly authorized officer of Participant, setting forth the names and signatures of all persons authorized by the Participant (each an “Authorized Person”) to give Orders and instructions relating to any activity contemplated by this Agreement on behalf of the Participant.  Such certificate may be relied upon by the Distributor, the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], and the Funds as conclusive evidence of the facts set forth therein and shall be considered to be in full force and effect until receipt by the Funds, the Distributor, and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] of a superseding certificate or of written notice from the Participant that an individual should be added to, or removed from, the certificate.  Whenever the Participant wants to add an Authorized Person, revoke the authority of an Authorized Person, or change or cancel a PIN Number (as defined below), the Participant shall give prompt written notice of such fact to the Funds and the Distributor, with a copy to the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], and such notice shall be effective upon receipt by the Funds, the Distributor, and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent].

 

 (b)      The Distributor shall issue to each Authorized Person a unique personal identification number (“PIN Number”) by which the Participant and such Authorized Person shall be identified and instructions to the Funds, Distributor, and [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] issued by Participant through an Authorized Person shall be authenticated.  The Participant and each Authorized Person shall keep his/her PIN Number confidential and only those Authorized Persons who were issued a PIN Number shall use such PIN Number to identify himself/herself and to submit instructions for Participant, to the Funds, Distributor, and [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent].  If an Authorized Person’s PIN Number is changed, the new PIN Number will become effective on a date mutually agreed upon in writing by the Participant and the Distributor.  If an Authorized Person’s PIN Number is compromised, the Participant shall promptly contact the Distributor in writing in order for a new one to be issued.  Upon receipt of written notice as set forth in paragraph (a) of this section, the Distributor will promptly issue a PIN Number when the Participant adds an Authorized Person and will promptly cancel a PIN Number when the Participant revokes a person’s authority to act for it.

 

(c)       The [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] and Distributor shall not have any obligation to verify instructions and Orders given using a PIN Number and shall assume that all instructions and Orders issued to it using an Authorized Person’s PIN Number have been properly placed, unless the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] and Distributor have actual knowledge to the contrary because they received from the Participant written notice as set forth in paragraph (a) of this section that such person is no longer authorized to act on behalf of Participant.  The Participant agrees that none of the Distributor, the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], or the Funds shall be liable, absent willful misconduct, for losses incurred by the Participant as a result of the unauthorized use of an Authorized Person’s PIN Number, unless the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], Distributor, and the Funds previously received from Participant written notice to revoke such Authorized Person’s PIN Number as set forth in paragraph (a) of this section. This paragraph (c) shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

9.         REDEMPTIONS

 

(a)       The Participant understands and agrees that Redemption Orders may be submitted only on days that the Trust is open for business, as required by Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act.

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(b)       The Participant represents and warrants that it will not attempt to place a Redemption Order for the purpose of redeeming any Creation Units unless it first ascertains that it owns outright or has full legal authority and legal and beneficial right to tender for redemption the requisite number of Shares, and that such Shares have not been loaned or pledged to another party and are not the subject of a repurchase agreement, securities lending agreement, or any other agreement that would preclude the delivery of such Shares to the Fund.

 

(c)       The Participant understands that Shares of any Fund may be redeemed only when one or more Creation Units are held in its account.

 

(d)       In the event that the Distributor, [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] and/or the Trust reasonably believes in good faith that a Participant would not be able to deliver the requisite number of Shares to be redeemed as a Creation Unit on the settlement date, the Distributor, [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] and/or Trust may, without liability, reject the Participant’s Redemption Order.

 

(e)       In the event that the Participant receives Fund Securities the value of which exceeds the net asset value of the applicable Fund at the time of redemption, the Participant agrees to pay, on the same business day it is notified, or cause the Participant Client to pay, on such day, to the applicable Fund an amount in cash equal to the difference or return such Fund Securities to the Fund, unless the parties otherwise agree.

 

10.       BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP

 

(a)       The Participant represents and warrants that, based upon the number of outstanding Shares of any particular Fund, either (i) it does not, and will not in the future as the result of one or more Purchase Orders, hold for the account of any single Beneficial Owner, or group of related Beneficial Owners, 80 percent or more of the currently outstanding Shares of such Fund, so as to cause the Fund to have a basis in the portfolio securities deposited with the Fund different from the market value of such portfolio securities on the date of such deposit, pursuant to sections 351 and 362 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or (ii) it is carrying some or all of the Deposit Securities as a dealer and as inventory in connection with its market making activities.

 

(b)      A Fund, the Distributor, and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] have the right to require, as a condition to the acceptance of a deposit of Deposit Securities, information from the Participant regarding ownership of the Fund Shares by such Participant and its customers, and to rely thereon to the extent necessary to make a determination regarding ownership of 80 percent or more of the Fund’s currently outstanding Fund Shares by a Beneficial Owner.

 

11.       OBLIGATIONS OF PARTICIPANT

 

(a)       Pursuant to its obligations under the federal securities laws, the Participant agrees to maintain all books and records of all sales of Shares made by or through it and to furnish copies of such records to the Trust, [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] and/or the Distributor upon their reasonable request.

 

(b)       The Participant affirms that it has procedures in place reasonably designed to protect the privacy of non-public personal consumer/customer financial information to the extent required by applicable law, rule and regulation and that it will maintain such procedures throughout the term of this Agreement.

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(c)       The Participant represents and warrants that it has taken affirmative steps so that will not be an affiliated person of a Fund, a promoter or principal underwriter of a Fund or an affiliated person of such persons due to ownership of Shares, including through its grant of an irrevocable proxy relating to the Shares to the Distributor. 

 

12.       INDEMNIFICATION

 

This Section 12 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

(a)       The Participant hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Distributor, the Funds, the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], their respective subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, trustees, officers, employees, and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such persons within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (each a “Participant Indemnified Party”) , from and against any loss, liability, cost, or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) (“Loss”) incurred by such Participant Indemnified Party as a result of (i) any material breach by the Participant of any provision of this Agreement that relates to the Participant; (ii) any material failure on the part of the Participant to perform any of its obligations set forth in this Agreement; (iii) any failure by the Participant to comply with applicable laws, including rules and regulations of self-regulatory organizations in relation to its role as Participant under this Agreement; (iv) actions of such Participant Indemnified Party in reliance upon any instructions reasonably believed by the Distributor and/or the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] to be genuine and to have been given by the Participant ; or (v) the Participant’s failure to complete an Order that has been accepted. 

 

(b)       The Distributor hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Participant, its respective affiliates, directors, partners, members, officers, employees and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such persons within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (each a “Distributor Indemnified Party”) from and against any Loss incurred by such Distributor Indemnified Party as a result of: (i) any material breach by the Distributor of any provision of this Agreement that relates to the Distributor; (ii) any material failure on the part of the Distributor to perform any of its obligations set forth in this Agreement; or (iii) any failure by the Distributor to comply with applicable laws, rules and regulations, including rules and regulations of SROs, in relation to its role as Distributor.

 

(c)       The Trust hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Participant, its respective affiliates, directors, partners, members, officers, employees and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such persons within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (each a “Trust Indemnified Party”) from and against any Loss incurred by such Trust Indemnified Party as a result of any material breach by the Trust of its representations in Section 4(c). All Shares represent interests in their underlying series, the assets and liabilities of which are separate and distinct. Any indemnification provided by the Trust in connection with the Shares shall be limited to the corresponding assets of such series.

 

13.       LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

 

This Section 13 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

(a)       In no event shall any party be liable for any special, indirect, incidental, exemplary, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to loss of revenue, loss of actual or anticipated profit, loss of contracts, loss of the use of money, loss of anticipated savings, loss of business, loss of opportunity, loss of market share, loss of goodwill or loss of reputation), even if such parties have been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.  In no event shall any party be liable for the acts or omissions of DTC, NSCC or any other securities depository or clearing corporation.

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(b)       Neither the Distributor, the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], nor the Participant shall be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its reasonable control, including without limitation: acts of God; earthquakes; fires; floods; wars; civil or military disturbances; terrorism; sabotage; epidemics; riots; interruptions; loss or malfunction of utilities, computer (hardware or software) or communications service; accidents; labor disputes; acts of civil or military authority or governmental actions.

 

(c)       The Distributor and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] may conclusively rely upon, and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon, any communication authorized under this Agreement and upon any written or oral instruction, notice, request, direction or consent reasonably believed by them to be genuine.

 

(d)       In the absence of bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct on its part, the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent], whether acting directly or through its agents, affiliates or attorneys, shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted or for any error of judgment made by it in the performance of its duties hereunder.  The [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith unless in exercising such it shall have been grossly negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts necessary to make such judgment. 

 

14.       INFORMATION ABOUT DEPOSIT SECURITIES

 

            On each day that the Trust is open for business, through the facilities of the NSCC, the names and amounts of Deposit Securities to be included in the current Fund Deposit for each Fund will be published.

 

15.       RECEIPT OF PROSPECTUSES BY PARTICIPANT

 

            The Participant acknowledges receipt of the Prospectuses and represents that it has reviewed and understands the terms thereof.

 

16.        CONSENT TO ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF PROSPECTUSES

 

The Distributor will provide to the Participant copies of the Prospectus and any printed supplemental information in reasonable quantities upon request of Participant. The Participant consents to the delivery of the Prospectus electronically at the e-mail address under Participant’s signature. The Participant understands that the current Prospectus and most recent shareholder report for each Fund are available at [website].  The Distributor will notify the Participant when a revised, supplemented or amended Prospectus for any Fund is available and deliver or otherwise make available to the Participant copies of such revised, supplemented or amended Prospectus at such time and in such numbers as to enable the Participant to comply with any obligation it may have to deliver such Prospectus to its customers.  As a general matter, the Distributor will make such revised, supplemented or amended Prospectuses available to the Participant no later than its effective date.

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            The Participant agrees to maintain the e-mail address set forth on the signature page to this Agreement and further agrees to promptly notify the Distributor if its e-mail address changes. The Participant understands that it must have Internet access to electronically access the Prospectuses. The Participant may revoke the consent to electronic delivery of the Prospectuses at any time by providing written notice to the Distributor.

 

17.       NOTICES

 

            Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement, all notices required or permitted to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be given in writing and delivered by personal delivery; by Federal Express or other similar delivery service; by registered or certified United States first class mail, return receipt requested; or by facsimile, electronic mail or similar means of same day delivery (with a confirming copy by mail). Unless otherwise notified in writing, all notices to the Fund shall be at the address or telephone or facsimile numbers indicated below the signature of the Distributor. All notices to the Participant, the Distributor, and the [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent] shall be directed to the address or telephone, or facsimile numbers indicated below the signature line of such party.

 

18.       EFFECTIVENESS, TERMINATION, AND AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT

 

(a)       This Agreement shall become effective on the date set forth below and may be terminated at any time by any party upon sixty (60) days’ prior written notice to the other parties, and may be terminated earlier by the Fund, the Participant or the Distributor at any time in the event of a material breach by another party of any provision of this Agreement.

 

(b)       No party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement (in whole or in part) without the prior written consent of the other party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.

 

(c)       This Agreement may not be amended except by a writing signed by all the parties hereto.  This Agreement is intended to, and shall apply to, each of the current and future Funds of the Trust, such that no amendment shall be required in the event that the Trust creates new Funds or terminates existing Funds, provided, however, that notice shall be provided to the Participant of such creation or termination of Funds.

 

19.       GOVERNING LAW; ARBITRATION

 

            This Section 19 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

            This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the conflicts of laws provisions thereof. The parties irrevocably submit to the personal jurisdiction and service and venue of any New York State or United States Federal court sitting in New York, New York having subject matter jurisdiction, for the purposes of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement.

 

20.       COUNTERPARTS

 

            This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument.

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21.       SEVERANCE

 

            If any provision of this Agreement is held by any court or any act, regulation, rule or decision of any other governmental or supra-national body or authority or regulatory or self-regulatory organization to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason, it shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable only to the extent so held and shall not affect the validity, legality or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement and this Agreement shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.

 

22.       HEADINGS

 

            Headings and sub-headings are included solely for convenient reference and shall not affect the meaning, construction, operation, or effect of the terms of this Agreement.

 

23.       ENTIRE AGREEMENT

 

            This Agreement, which includes the attachments, supersedes any prior agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter contained herein and constitutes the entire agreement between the parties regarding the matters contained herein.

 

[Signature page follows]

 

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The duly authorized representatives of the below parties have executed this Agreement, the effective date of which shall be the date of the most recent signature below.

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

 

By:

 

 

   

Name: Mark Fairbanks 

 

Title: Vice President 

 

Address: Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100 

 

Portland, Maine 04101 

 

Telephone: 207-553-7100 

 

Facsimile: 207-553-7151 

 

E-mail: etp-services@foreside.com 

 

Date:

 

 

 

[Name of Participant]

 

DTC/NSCC Clearing Participant Code:

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

Telephone:

 

 

 

Facsimile:

 

 

 

E-mail:

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

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ACCEPTED BY:

 

[Name of TA/IRA], as [Transfer Agent/Index Receipt Agent]

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Telephone:

 

 

 

Facsimile:

 

 

 

E-mail:

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

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ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED, SOLELY WITH RESPECT TO SECTIONS 4(c) and 12(c) HEREOF:

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Telephone:

 

 

 

Facsimile:

 

 

 

E-mail:

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

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ATTACHMENT A

AUTHORIZED PERSONS

 

[Insert AP Form of Certification for Authorized Persons]

 

 15

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99(g)(1)

 

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GLOBAL CUSTODIAL AND AGENCY SERVICES AGREEMENT

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

1. DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION 1
2. APPOINTMENT OF CUSTODIAN AND ACCEPTANCE 3
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES 3
4. SET UP OF ACCOUNTS 4
5. SECURITIES AND CASH PROCEDURES 5
6. AGENCY SERVICES: PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION 7
7. AGENCY SERVICES: CREATION UNITS, SALES AND REDEMPTIONS 8
8. RIGHTS FOR EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT 10
9. CLIENT’S COMMUNICATIONS 11
10. ACTIONS BY THE CUSTODIAN AND ASSET SERVICES 12
11. CUSTODIAN’S COMMUNICATIONS, RECORDS AND ACCESS 14
12. THIRD PARTIES 14
13. PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES 14
14. NOT AGENT FOR CLIENT’S CUSTOMERS; CLIENT’S DIRECT LIABILITY 16
15. CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS 16
16. INFORMATION AND DATA PROTECTION 17
17. ADVERTISING 17
18. FEES AND EXPENSES 17
19. REPRESENTATIVE CAPACITY 17
20. TERMINATION 18
21. GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION 18
22. MISCELLANEOUS 19
23. SIGNATURES 21

Exhibits, Schedules or Annexes:

Fee Schedule (including Appendix A – List of Funds)

U.S. Special Resolution Regime Recognition Annex

Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions Annex

 

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THIS GLOBAL CUSTODIAL AND AGENCY SERVICES AGREEMENT is made on May 14, 2020 individually, by and between, ETF Opportunities Trust located at 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, VA 23235 (“Client”), and Citibank, N.A. acting through its offices in New York (“Custodian”). 

 

WHEREAS, the Client is authorized to issue shares (“Shares”) in separate series (each, a “Fund,” and together with all other series subsequently established by the Client and made subject to this Agreement, the “Funds”);

 

WHEREAS, this Agreement shall apply to each Fund set forth on Appendix A hereto;

 

WHEREAS, the Client will issue and redeem Shares of each Fund only in aggregations of Shares known as “Creation Units,” as more fully described in the currently effective prospectus and statement of additional information of the Client and each Fund (collectively, the “Prospectus”);

 

WHEREAS, the Client desires to appoint the Custodian as custodian of the assets of each Fund; and

 

WHEREAS, the Custodian is willing to accept such appointment on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises contained herein, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, mutually covenant and agree as follows:

 

1.

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION.

 

1.1.         Definitions.

 

Agent means any sub-custodian, delegate, nominee, and administrative or other service provider selected and used by the Custodian in connection with carrying out its obligations under this Agreement whether or not such person would be deemed an agent under principles of any applicable law. 

 

Agreement” means this Global Custodial and Agency Services Agreement (including any Annex and any other applicable terms) agreed to by the Client and the Custodian.

 

Authorized Person means the Client or a person with authority to act on behalf of the Client, in each case as authenticated in accordance with security procedures as described in this Agreement.

 

Authorized Participant” means each person authorized to purchase Shares in Creation Units as identified by the Client or the Distributor.

 

Cash” means all cash in any currency held for or payable to the Client by the Custodian under the terms of this Agreement.

 

Cash Account” means each current account established by the Custodian for the Client for recording Cash under this Agreement. 

 

Cash Value” means the value of Cash purchases and redemptions required for the issuance or redemption, as the case may be, of Shares in Creation Unit aggregations by a Fund.

 

Citi Organization” means Citigroup, Inc. and any company or other entity of which Citigroup, Inc. is directly or indirectly a shareholder or owner.  For the purpose of this Agreement, each branch of Citibank, N.A. or any affiliate will be deemed a separate member of the Citi Organization.

 

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Clearance System” means any clearing house, settlement system, payments system, or depository (including any dematerialized book entry system or entity that acts as a system for the central handling of Securities in the country where it is incorporated or organized or that acts as a transnational system for the central handling of Securities), whether or not acting in that capacity,  or other financial market utility or organized trading facility used in connection with transactions relating to Securities or Cash and any nominee of the foregoing.

 

Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions” means the confidentiality and data privacy terms specified in the Annex attached to this Agreement.

 

Creation Units means aggregations of Shares in each Fund as more fully described in the currently effective Prospectus.

 

Custody Account” means each account established by the Custodian for the Client for recording the receipt, safekeeping and maintenance of Securities or other financial assets as agreed by the Custodian under this Agreement.

 

DTC” means The Depository Trust Company.

 

Instructions” means any and all instructions received by the Custodian from an Authorized Person (including directions, notices and consents) effected through any electronic medium or system or manually as provided in this Agreement.

 

MIFT” means a manually initiated Instruction to transfer or receive Securities and/or Cash.

 

NSCC means the National Securities Clearing Corporation.

 

Portfolio Components means the Securities Component together with the Cash Value required for the issuance or redemption, as the case may be, of Shares in Creation Unit aggregations of a Fund.

 

Securities”  means any financial asset (other than Cash) from time to time held within the control of the Custodian for the Client under the terms of this Agreement, including any security entitlement or similar interest or right; provided, however, each financial asset must be (i) a security dealt in or traded on securities exchanges for which settlement normally occurs in a Clearance System, or (ii) a certificated security  in bearer form or registered (or to be registered) in the name of the Custodian or its Agent and transferable by delivery of a certificate with endorsement to a subsequent holder, or (iii) a book-entry security that is publicly offered to investors under the applicable laws (but settled outside a Clearance System) including, but not limited to an interest in an investment company where the interest is registered in the name of the Custodian or its Agent. Securities do not include other financial assets or physical evidence of such other financial assets including loans, participations, contracts, subscriptions and confirmations, which the Custodian shall accept only on terms as agreed in writing by the Custodian.

 

Taxes“ means all taxes, levies, imposts, charges, assessments, deductions, withholdings and related liabilities, including additions to tax, penalties and interest imposed on or in respect of (i) Securities or Cash (including all payments made by the Custodian to the Client in connection with any Securities or Cash), (ii) the transactions effected under this Agreement (including stamp duties or financial transaction taxes), or (iii) the Client (including its customers); provided “Taxes” does not include income or franchise taxes imposed on or measured by the net income of the Custodian or its Agents.

 

1.2.         Interpretation.

 

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1.2.1.     References in this Agreement to Exhibits or Annexes mean the Exhibits or Annexes attached hereto, the terms of which are incorporated into and form part of this Agreement.  In the event of any inconsistency between this Agreement and any Exhibit or Annex, the relevant terms of the Exhibit or Annex prevail.

 

1.2.2.     The headings in this Agreement do not affect its interpretation.

 

1.2.3.     A reference to: (i) any party includes (where applicable) its lawful successors, permitted assigns and transferees; (ii) the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and (iii) any statute or regulation shall be construed as references to such statute or regulation as in force at the date of this Agreement and as subsequently re-enacted or revised.

 

2.

APPOINTMENT OF CUSTODIAN AND ACCEPTANCE.

 

2.1.

Appointment of the Custodian. The Client hereby selects and appoints the Custodian by placing the Client’s signature hereunder and the Custodian accepts such appointment to provide services under the terms of this Agreement. 

 

2.2.

Sole Obligation of the Custodian. The Client understands and agrees that (i) the obligations and duties of the Custodian will be performed only by the Custodian and are not obligations or duties of any other member of the Citi Organization, and (ii) the rights of the Client with respect to the Custodian extend only to such Custodian and, except as provided by law, do not extend to and are not payable by any other member of the Citi Organization.

 

3.            REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.

 

3.1.

General.  Each party to this Agreement hereby represents and warrants at the date this Agreement is entered into and any custodial service is used or provided that (i) it has the legal capacity under its constitutional or organizational documents and  authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement, (ii)  it has obtained and is in compliance with all necessary and appropriate government and regulatory permissions, consents, approvals and authorizations for the purposes of its entry into and performance of the Agreement, and (iii) its entry into and performance of the Agreement will not violate any applicable law or regulation.

 

3.2.

Client.  The Client represents and warrants at the date this Agreement is entered into and any custodial service is used as follows: (i) it has authority to deliver the Securities in the Custody Account and the Cash in the Cash Account; (ii) there is no claim or encumbrance that adversely affects any deposit with any Clearance System or delivery of Securities, or payment of Cash made in accordance with this Agreement;  (iii)  except as provided in this Agreement, it has not granted any person a lien, security interest, charge or similar right or claim against Securities or Cash; (iv) it has not relied on any oral or written representation made by the Custodian or any person on its behalf other than those set forth in this Agreement; (v) it will comply in all material respects with all laws applicable to the subject matter of the services provided under this Agreement and its receipt of the services (including, without limitation, governmental and regulatory actions, orders, decrees, regulations or other legal limitations or requirement  applicable to the Client including applicable limitations or qualifications in regard to the Client’s investment in any Securities in any country or jurisdiction or otherwise in connection with any Cash or Securities); (vi) it will not use funds or any service or product contemplated by this Agreement, including a Custody Account or the Cash Account, in a manner that could cause or result in a violation by the Custodian or any member of the Citi Organization of any sanctions administered or enforced by any relevant sanctions authority, including the United States, the European Union, any member state of the European Union and the United Nations; and (vii) neither it nor any of its subsidiaries, nor to the best of its knowledge, any of their directors, officers, employees, agents or affiliates, and no customer for which it is using services under this Agreement is the subject of such sanctions, or is located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of such sanctions.

 

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3.3.

Custodian.  The Custodian represents and warrants at the date this Agreement is entered into by the Custodian as provided in this Agreement that the Custodian accepts the appointment as Custodian and upon signing the Custodian will be bound to the terms of the Agreement.  Further, the Custodian represents and warrants at the date this Agreement is entered into and any custodial service is used that it will comply in all material respects with all laws applicable to the delivery of the services provided under this Agreement.

 

4.            SET UP OF ACCOUNTS.

 

4.1.

Accounts.  The Client instructs the Custodian to establish and maintain a Custody Account and a Cash Account. The Client may give an Instruction to establish additional Custody Accounts or Cash Accounts from time to time.  The Custodian shall promptly notify the Client if the Custodian does not accept any securities or cash in a Custody Account or Cash Account.

 

4.2.

Cash Account Purpose and Use. The Client agrees that it shall use any Cash Account only for deposits and funds transfers in connection with the Securities received, held or delivered for the Client by the Custodian or otherwise in connection with services provided by the Custodian under this Agreement.

 

4.3.

Cash Held as Banker. Cash held for the Client by the Custodian, or where applicable by a sub-custodian will be held as banker and not on trust or as trustee, unless the Custodian otherwise provides notice to the Client.  As a result, Cash will not be held in accordance with client money rules or similar rules and, in the event of the Custodian’s insolvency (or analogous event), the Client may not be entitled to share in any distribution under those rules.

 

4.4.

Cash Held by a Sub-Custodian.

4.4.1.     In some circumstances applicable law and regulation may require the sub-custodian to establish and maintain the local cash account in the name of the Client rather than in the name of the Custodian. In any such case, the Client hereby authorizes the Custodian as agent of the Client, and agrees to confirm and ratify any steps taken by the Custodian, to open a cash account with the relevant sub-custodian in the name of the Client.

 

4.4.2.     Any cash held directly by a sub-custodian on behalf of the Client will be owed by that sub-custodian directly to the Client, and will not be subject to UK or other client money rules or held by the Custodian as banker for the Client. Such cash will be subject to the relevant laws or regulatory rules applicable to the sub-custodian, including the laws and rules of the jurisdiction in which the sub-custodian is located. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, or any other terms of this Agreement, the Custodian agrees that it shall have the same liability to the Client for the cash held with a sub-custodian as if such cash was held for the Client by the Custodian as banker in the relevant market.

 

4.4.3.     Unless otherwise specified in this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement in relation to Cash Accounts shall apply to a cash account held by the Client with a sub-custodian.

 

4.5.

Identification. The Custodian shall identify on its records each Custody Account and Cash Account in the name of the Client or such other name as the Client may reasonably designate.

 

4.6.         Securities Segregation.

4.6.1.     The Custodian shall identify Securities on its records in a manner so that it is readily apparent the Securities held in a Custody Account (i) belong to the Client or its customers (as applicable), (ii) do not belong to the Custodian or any other clients of the Custodian, and (iii) are segregated on the books and records of the Custodian from the Custodian’s and its other clients’ assets.  The Custodian intends that Securities will be held in such manner that they should not become available to the insolvency administrator or creditors of the Custodian.

 

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4.6.2.     The Custodian may hold Securities with an Agent only where the Agent has been selected and appointed by the Custodian as a sub custodian.  The Custodian shall hold Securities only in an account at the sub-custodian that holds exclusively assets held by the Custodian for its clients (omnibus or separated  in the names of its clients) and that has been so identified on the books and records of the sub-custodian.  The Custodian shall require the sub-custodian to identify on its records in a manner so that it is readily apparent that the Securities (i) do not belong to the Custodian and are held by the Custodian for and belong to clients of the Custodian, (ii) do not belong to the sub-custodian or other clients of the sub-custodian, and (iii) are segregated on the books and records of the sub-custodian from the sub-custodian’s and its other clients’ assets.  The Custodian shall require each sub-custodian to agree that Securities will not be subject to any right, charge, security interest, lien or claim of any kind in favor of the sub-custodian. Any Securities held with any sub-custodian will be subject only to Instructions of the Custodian.

 

4.6.3.     Custodian shall and shall require any sub-custodian to hold Securities in a Clearance System only in an account that holds assets exclusively belonging to its clients and that has been so identified on the books and records of the Clearance System or that is identified at the Clearance System in the name of a nominee of the Custodian or sub-custodian used exclusively to hold Securities for clients.  In certain markets, the Custodian or its sub-custodian may open an account at a Clearance System in the name of the Client or its customer, as required by the rules of the Clearance System.

 

4.6.4.     The Custodian shall and shall require any sub-custodian to record book-entry Securities or uncertificated Securities settled outside a Clearance System on the books and records of the applicable transfer agent or registrar (or the issuer if none) in a way that identifies that the Securities are being held by the Custodian or its sub-custodian as custodian for clients and are not assets belonging to the Custodian or the sub-custodian, if applicable.

 

4.6.5.     The Custodian shall and shall require any sub-custodian to hold certificated Securities in registered or bearer form in its vault segregated from certificates held for itself and/or any other clients.  If the registered certificates are not registered in the Custodian’s or its sub-custodian’s name (or its nominee name) the Custodian will not be responsible for asset services as provided in Clause 8 under this Agreement.

 

4.6.6.     The Custodian may hold Securities in the name of a nominee of the Custodian or its sub-custodian or a nominee of the Clearance System as may be required by that Clearance System.

 

4.6.7.     The Custodian shall require that any actions with respect to Securities held for the Client under this Agreement in a Clearance System or in the name of the Custodian, a sub-custodian or any nominee on the books and records of any transfer agent or registrar will be subject only to the instructions of the Custodian or its sub-custodian, if applicable.

 

4.6.8.     The Custodian shall not, and shall require that its sub-custodians do not, lend, pledge, hypothecate or rehypothecate any Securities without the Client’s consent. The Client acknowledges that Securities may be subject to rights or claims of a Clearance System or its agents or participants pursuant to applicable law or regulation or as a requirement for effecting transactions within the Clearance System.

 

5.            SECURITIES AND CASH PROCEDURES.

 

5.1.          Account Procedures—Credits and Debits.

 

5.1.1.     The Client shall ensure that it has sufficient Securities or sufficient immediately available Cash in the required currency credited with the Custodian as necessary to effect any Instruction or other delivery or payment required under this Agreement.

 

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5.1.2.     The Custodian may, but is not obligated to, credit cash to the Cash Account before a corresponding and final receipt in cleared funds.  The Client agrees that the Custodian may at any time before final receipt, or if a Clearance System at any time reverses an applicable credit to the Custodian, reverse all or any part of a credit of cash to the Client and make an appropriate entry to its records including restatement of the Cash Account and reversing any interest paid.

 

5.1.3.     The Custodian will credit Securities to the Custody Account upon receipt of the Securities by final settlement determined in accordance with the practices of the relevant market.  Final settlement depends on the market confirmation of settlement to the Custodian and may include real time movement with finality, real time movement without finality, or confirmation of settlement but with movement of securities at end of the day. If any Clearance System reverses any credit of Securities (or the Custodian is otherwise obligated to return Securities as a result of a settlement reversed in accordance with market requirements), the Client agrees that the Custodian may reverse all or any part of the credit of the Securities to the Custody Account and make an appropriate entry to its records including restatement of the Custody Account. In the event of any reversal of Securities, the Client agrees that the Custodian may reverse any credit of cash provided to the Client with respect to the Securities, such as distributions or the proceeds of any transaction.

 

5.1.4.     The Custodian shall provide the Client with prompt notice of a reversal of cash or Securities.

 

5.1.5.     Where notice of a reversal of Cash or Securities has been given and there is insufficient Cash or Securities to satisfy the reversal, the Client shall promptly repay in the applicable currency the amount required to satisfy the deficit in the Cash Account and/or return any Securities to the Custody Account.

 

5.1.6.     If the Custodian has received Instructions (or is authorized under this Agreement to make any delivery or payment without an Instruction) that would result in the delivery of a Security or payment of Cash in any currency exceeding credits to the Client for that Security or Cash, the Custodian may in its discretion, subject to acting consistently with the standard of care in this Agreement, (i) effect any cash payment or other funds transfer and create or increase an extension of credit to the Client including any overdraft, (ii) make partial deliveries or payments consistent with market practice, (iii) fulfill subsequently received Instruction to the extent of then available Securities or Cash held for the Client, or (iv) suspend or delay  acting on any Instruction until it receives required Securities or Cash .  The Custodian shall notify the Client if the Custodian does not act on any Instruction because the Client has insufficient Securities or Cash. 

 

5.1.7.     Notwithstanding any Instruction or termination of this Agreement, at any time the Custodian may retain sufficient Securities or Cash to close out or complete any Instruction or transaction that the Custodian will be required to settle on the Client’s behalf or to cover any obligation of the Client. 

 

5.1.8.     The Client shall not enforce any payment obligation of the Custodian at or against another branch or affiliate of the Custodian.  The Custodian is obligated to pay Cash only in the currency in which the applicable payment obligation is denominated and only in the country in which such Cash is used in connection with Securities received, held or delivered or other services under this Agreement are provided in that country, regardless of whether that currency’s transferability, convertibility or availability has been affected by any law, regulation, decree rule or other governmental or regulatory action. The Client agrees that it may not require the Custodian or any member of the Citi Organization to substitute a currency for any other currency.

 

5.2.

Extensions of Credit; Reimbursement. 

 

5.2.1.     The Client agrees that any extension of credit to the Client under this Agreement will be unadvised, uncommitted and at the sole discretion of the Custodian, and the Client agrees that it shall repay any extension of credit upon demand. The Custodian may charge interest on any overdraft at the rate notified to the Client from time to time.  The Custodian may at any time cancel or refuse any extension of credit. No prior action or course of dealing by the Custodian with respect to extending credit to effect any settlement of any transactions or any Instructions will obligate the Custodian to extend any credit in regard to any subsequent settlement of any transaction or Instruction.

 

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5.2.2.     The Client agrees that “extension of credit” as used in this Agreement includes any daylight and overnight overdraft or similar advances, any reimbursement obligation as provided in this Agreement,  and uncommitted overdraft lines or similar uncommitted lines provided by the Custodian to the Client in connection with the Cash Account or services under this Agreement.

 

5.2.3.    At any time the Custodian may demand that the Client reimburse the Custodian in respect of any irrevocable commitment incurred in carrying out Instructions to clear and/or settle transactions for the Client under this Agreement (including fail costs payable by the Custodian if the Client were to fail to deliver any required Securities).  Irrevocable commitments are incurred on the date the Custodian becomes irrevocably obligated to a Clearance System or other person for the delivery of Securities or payment of Cash, even if the Custody Account or the Cash Account has insufficient Securities or Cash in the required currency on the applicable settlement date.  The Client agrees that its reimbursement obligation arises when the irrevocable commitment is incurred by the Custodian despite the actual settlement or maturity date.  The Client agrees that after the Custodian has made a demand for reimbursement by the Client, the Client shall pay cash equal to that demand and the Custodian may debit the Client for the amount the Custodian will be obligated to pay in regard to the irrevocable commitment, whether or not that debit creates or increases any overdraft by the Client.

 

5.3.          Foreign Exchange.

5.3.1.     The Client agrees that it assumes the risks associated with holding or effecting transactions in Cash denominated in any currency including any events or laws that delay or adversely affect transferability, convertibility or availability of any currency, appropriation or seizure, any devaluation or redenomination of any currency or fluctuations or changes in foreign exchange rates.

 

5.3.2.     The Client may instruct the Custodian to execute a foreign exchange as part of the services under this Agreement.  Instructions may be given on a case by case basis or as a standing Instruction.  The Custodian will debit the Client’s Cash Account to process foreign exchange and credit the Client’s Cash Account with the new currency in accordance with the Instruction(s). The Custodian may net or set off transactions when effecting foreign exchange.  The Custodian may be compensated in part from the spread taken on foreign exchange, and the Custodian or an affiliate may act as principal in any foreign exchange.  The Client will be notified of the exchange rate of all executed foreign exchange in its reporting from the Custodian or, if not included, upon Client’s request.  The Client acknowledges that the foreign exchange rate applied will depend on a number of factors, including the size of the transaction, the liquidity in the relevant currencies, the time of day and other market factors.  The Client may not receive published spot rates in the relevant currencies. Unless otherwise provided in applicable law, the Client agrees that neither the Custodian nor any applicable affiliate assumes any fiduciary or other duty by virtue of effecting foreign exchange, nor are they acting as trustee.

 

6.        AGENCY SERVICES: PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION.

 

6.1.

Determination of Creation Deposit.  Subject to and in accordance with directions and information provided by the Client’s sponsor (“Sponsor”) and the Fund’s accountant (“Fund Accountant”), in each case as identified by the Client, the Client’s policies, as adopted from time to time by the Board of Trustees of the Client (“Board”), and procedures set forth in the Prospectus, the Custodian will determine for each Fund after the end of each trading day on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) the following information required for the issuance or redemption, as the case may be, of Shares in Creation Unit aggregations of a Fund on such date:

 

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(i)

The identity and weighting of the Portfolio Components of a Creation Unit of such Fund for purposes of purchases in-kind and redemptions in-kind for standard and custom Creation Units. Identity and weighting of Portfolio Components for non-standard and negotiated Creation Units will be provided by the Sponsor by agreed upon deadlines.

 

 

(ii)

Determine Cash Values as instructed. 

 

The Custodian will provide (or cause to be provided) information concerning the Portfolio Components as instructed according to the policies established by the Board, and as required will provide such information to the NSCC for dissemination prior to the opening of trading on the NYSE on each day that the NYSE is open.

 

6.2.

Movements of Portfolio Components. In connection with purchases of Creation Units, the Custodian will monitor the receipt of the underlying Portfolio Components or the receipt of Cash as collateral in lieu of Securities pursuant to Instructions in accordance with Section 7 below, and will cause the delivery of Shares only upon confirmation that such Securities and/or Cash have settled in the applicable Custody Account or Cash Account.  The settlement of Shares shall be aligned with the settlement of the underlying Portfolio Components.

 

In connection with redemptions of Creation Units, the Custodian will monitor the receipt of Shares or collateral in lieu of Shares, and will release to the applicable Authorized Participant the underlying Portfolio Components pursuant to Instructions received in accordance with Section 7 of this Agreement.

 

7.        AGENCY SERVICES: CREATION UNITS, SALES AND REDEMPTIONS.

 

7.1.

Sale of Shares.  The Custodian will deposit into the Custody Account or Cash Account of the appropriate Fund, such payments (consisting of Securities and Cash, including Cash collateral) as are received from each Authorized Participant for purchase of Shares in Creation Units thereof issued or sold from time to time by a Fund.  The Client’s distributor (“Distributor”) shall be the Client’s Authorized Person for (i) advising the Custodian each day as to the Creation Units purchased by an Authorized Participant and (ii) identifying to the Custodian the Authorized Participants.  The Custodian will provide timely notification to the Sponsor on behalf of each such Fund of any receipt by it of Portfolio Components as payments for Shares and instruct the Client’s transfer agent (“Transfer Agent”) as to the issuance of new Shares in Creation Units in connection with such payments; and the Custodian will effect the transfer of the Shares to the Authorized Participant through the NSCC or as otherwise required. 

 

7.2.

Repurchases or Redemptions of Shares. From Securities and Cash held for a Fund as may be available for the purpose, the Custodian will deliver Portfolio Components, as required, for payment to Authorized Participants who have delivered to the Distributor proper instructions for the redemption or repurchase of Shares in Creation Unit aggregations, which will have been accepted by the Distributor.  The Distributor shall advise the Custodian each day as to the repurchase of Shares in Creation Units.  The Custodian will transfer the applicable Portfolio Components to the Authorized Participant and instruct the Transfer Agent as to the cancellation of the corresponding Shares in Creation Units of the applicable Fund.  Any cash redemption payment (less any applicable redemption transaction fee) due to the Authorized Participant on redemption will be effected through the NSCC, the DTC or through wire transfer (in the case of redemptions effected outside of the NSCC or the DTC).               

 

The Client understands and agrees that, in accordance with generally accepted settlement practices and customs in certain jurisdictions or markets in which Securities may be held, the Custodian may deliver Securities prior to the receipt of Shares of a Fund the redemption for which such Securities were being delivered.  Any loss resulting from such “free” delivery of Securities will be at the risk of the Client without regard to whether any Instructions were for other delivery or receipt.

 

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7.3.

Acceptance of Collateral in Lieu of Portfolio Components or Shares.  The Custodian shall accept Cash collateral in lieu of (i) any Securities required to be delivered by an Authorized Participant in connection with a sale of Shares pursuant to Section 7.1 of this Agreement or (ii) Shares in Creation Units required to be delivered by an Authorized Participant in connection with a repurchase or redemption of any such Creation Unit pursuant to Section 7.2 of this Agreement.  The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that if a Fund participates in the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (“CNS”) then the Custodian shall have no responsibility for (i) calculating the amount of Cash collateral required to be delivered by any Authorized Participant or (ii) contacting such Authorized Participant to request the posting of any Cash collateral; and to the extent Cash as collateral is required, such collateral shall be delivered by the Authorized Participant to the Custodian as a CNS money movement.

 

If any requisite Cash as collateral has not been received by the Custodian prior to 2:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on the Settlement Date for the Shares being purchased (or Redemption Date for the Shares being redeemed), the Custodian will not be required to release the newly created Shares (or Portfolio Components underlying newly redeemed Shares); provided, however, that the Custodian shall make a good faith effort to release Shares or Portfolio Components where collateral is received after such time.

 

7.4.

Calculation of Collateral Amount.  If a Fund participates in CNS (a “CNS Fund”), then the amount of Cash collateral, if any, required to be posted by each Authorized Participant with respect to such Fund (the “Required Collateral Amount”) shall be determined solely by NSCC.  For each Fund that does not participate in CNS (each a “Non-CNS Fund”), on a daily basis, the Custodian will (i) calculate the amount of Cash as collateral, if any, required to be delivered by each Authorized Participant and (ii) contact each Authorized Participant, as applicable, and request the Authorized Participant post collateral equal to the Required Collateral Amount (defined below).  All fund transfers shall be made by Fed wire.  The Required Collateral Amount varies based on the portion of Securities or Shares delivered to an Account by the Authorized Participant in connection with its purchase or redemption of Shares, as applicable, as of the relevant calculation date.  The shortfall between the value of Securities delivered to the applicable Account and the value of the Securities Component of a Creation Unit (“Total Basket Value”) is referred to as the “Deficiency Amount”.

 

In connection with the purchase of Shares in any Non-CNS Fund by an Authorized Participant, the Required Collateral Amount shall be equal to the Deficiency Amount plus a markup amount as directed by the Fund.  In connection with the redemption of Shares by an Authorized Participant, the Required Collateral Amount shall be equal to the value of the total number of Shares underlying the applicable redemption order for each Creation Unit based on the trade date NAV of such Shares, plus a markup amount as directed by the Fund.

 

7.5

Collateral Calls; Return of Collateral; Buy-Ins.

 

7.5.1.     Collateral Calls for CNS Funds.  NSCC shall contact the applicable Authorized Participant and request the Authorized Participant to post additional collateral on any business day when the collateral posted is less than the Required Collateral Amount.  Any call for additional collateral by NSCC shall be in NSCC’s sole discretion.  The Custodian will not be required to call for additional collateral.  The Authorized Participant must post 100% of such additional collateral to the relevant Account by CNS money movement.  The Custodian will verify that the correct amount of additional collateral was timely received.

 

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7.5.2.   Collateral Calls for Non-CNS Funds.  The Custodian shall contact the applicable Authorized Participant and request the Authorized Participant to post additional collateral on any business day when the collateral posted is less than the Required Collateral Amount.  Notwithstanding this, the Custodian will not be required to call for additional collateral and the Authorized Participant will not be required to post additional collateral unless the difference between the collateral posted and the Required Collateral Amount is at least 10% of the Required Collateral Amount on such date (“Minimum Transfer Amount”); provided, that the Minimum Transfer Amount may be changed from time to time by mutual written consent of the parties.  The Authorized Participant must post 100% of such additional collateral plus any applicable wire fee charged by the Custodian to the Authorized Participant to the extent that such shortfall was greater than or equal to the Minimum Transfer Amount.  The Custodian will verify that the correct amount of additional collateral was timely received.  The Custodian will copy the Sponsor on all collateral calls made to the Authorized Participant. 

 

7.5.3.     Return of Collateral for CNS Funds.  As Securities or Shares, as applicable, are delivered to the Custodian and the Deficiency Amount is reduced, NSCC will, in accordance with its practices and procedures, cause the Fund to return excess collateral to the Authorized Participant.  Upon delivery of all required Securities or Shares, as applicable, to the Custodian by the Authorized Participant (either as a result of a buy-in or as a result of delivery by the Authorized Participant), NCSS shall cause the Fund to return all remaining collateral to the Authorized Participant. 

 

7.5.4.    Return of Collateral for Non-CNS Funds.  As Securities or Shares, as applicable, are delivered to the Custodian and the Deficiency Amount is reduced, the Custodian will, as promptly as practicable, cause the Fund to return excess collateral to the Authorized Participant, less any applicable wire fee charged by the Custodian to the Authorized Participant, to the extent that the excess collateral is greater than or equal to the Minimum Transfer Amount (at least 10% of the Required Collateral Amount on such date, or such other percentage as may have been agreed to by mutual written consent of the parties).  Upon delivery of all required Securities or Shares, as applicable, to the Custodian by the Authorized Participant (either as a result of a buy-in or as a result of delivery by the Authorized Participant), the Custodian shall return all remaining collateral to the Authorized Participant.

 

7.5.5.     Buy-In.  At any time the Sponsor may give the Custodian an Instruction to pay or transfer any collateral including for settlement of any Securities or Shares purchased by the Fund as a buy-in of any Securities or Shares not delivered by an Authorized Participant.  The Custodian shall have no responsibility for determining if the Sponsor is authorized to effect any payment or transfer of collateral.

 

8.            RIGHTS FOR EXTENSIONS OF CREDIT.

 

8.1.

Lien.  In addition to any other remedies available to the Custodian under applicable law, the Custodian hereby has, and the Client herby grants, a continuing general lien on all Securities until satisfaction of all liabilities and obligations arising under this Agreement (whether actual or contingent) of the Client to the Custodian with respect to any fees and expenses or extensions of credit including, but not limited to, daylight and overnight overdrafts, charges resulting from reversals of credits, reimbursement demands of the Custodian in respect of irrevocable commitments, and any other present and future obligations of the Client payable to the Custodian.

 

8.2.

Set Off.  Without limiting any rights the Custodian may have under applicable law, the Custodian may, without prior notice to the Client, set off any payment obligation with regard to an extension of credit or the value of any other payment or delivery obligation owed by the Client to it against any payment obligations or the value of any delivery obligations owed by the Custodian to the Client, regardless of the place of payment, delivery and/or currency of any obligation (and for such purposes may make any currency conversion necessary).  If any obligation is unliquidated or unascertained, the Custodian may set off as provided herein an amount estimated by it in good faith to be the amount of that obligation.

 

8.3.         Exercise of Rights.

8.3.1.    If the Client fails to pay the Custodian in respect of any extension of credit, is dissolved or becomes the subject of formal insolvency proceedings in any jurisdiction, or any step is taken against the Client to initiate insolvency proceedings in any jurisdiction, the Custodian may, without notice to the Client except as required by law, and at any time: (i) appropriate and apply all or any part of the Securities and Cash held under this Agreement by the Custodian against any or all obligations of the Client under this Agreement to the Custodian (whether matured or subject to any demand); (ii) sell all or any part of the Securities; and (iii) exercise, in respect of the Securities and Cash, all the rights and remedies a party with a senior security or similar right would be entitled to exercise in such default under any applicable law.

 

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8.3.2.     The Client shall not grant any person a lien, security interest, charge or similar rights or claims against Securities or Cash without the Custodian’s consent.

 

9.

CLIENT’S COMMUNICATONS.

 

9.1.

Authority. The Client authorizes the Custodian to accept and act upon any communications provided by an Authorized Person, including Instructions and any form or document.  Subject to the authority or restrictions with respect to any Authorized Person specified in any document received and accepted by the Custodian, the Client confirms that each Authorized Person is authorized to perform all lawful acts on behalf of the Client in connection with any Custody Account or Cash Account, Securities or Cash, or otherwise in connection with this Agreement including, but not limited to, (i) opening, closing and operating any Custody Account and Cash Account, (ii) signing any agreements, declarations or other documents relating to any Securities or Cash, Custody Account or Cash Account, or service, and (iii) providing any Instruction,  until the Custodian has received written notice or other notice acceptable to it of any change of an Authorized Person and the Custodian has had a reasonable opportunity under the circumstances to act.

 

9.2.

Instructions and Other Client Communications. The Client and the Custodian shall comply with security procedures acceptable to the Custodian intended to establish the origination of the communication and the authority of the person sending any communication, including any Instruction, inquiries, data and other information exchanges, and advices. Depending upon the method of communication used by the Client, the security procedures may constitute one or more of the following measures:  unique transaction identifiers, digital signatures, encryption algorithms or other codes, multifactor authentication, user entitlements, schedule validation or such other measures as in use for the communication method by the Client. If the Client sends Instructions or other communications through S.W.I.F.T. or through any other electronic communications method, the Client and the Custodian agree that the security procedures utilized by such electronic communications method will be the agreed security procedures for the purpose of this Agreement.

 

9.3.

Authentication.  Provided the Custodian complies with the applicable security procedures, the Client agrees that the Custodian is entitled to treat any communication including any Instruction as having originated from an Authorized Person and the Custodian may rely and act on that communication as authorized by the Client.

 

9.4.

Errors, Duplication.  The Client shall be responsible for errors or omissions made by the Client or the duplication of any Instruction by the Client.

 

9.5.

Account Numbers.  The Custodian may act on any Instruction by reference to an account number only, even if a bank or account name is provided.

 

9.6.

Incomplete or Insufficient Instructions. The Custodian may act on Instructions where the Custodian reasonably believes the Instruction contains sufficient information.  The Custodian may decide not to act on an Instruction where it reasonably doubts its contents.

 

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9.7.

Recall, Amendment, Cancellation.  If the Client requests the Custodian to recall, cancel or amend an Instruction, the Custodian shall use its reasonable efforts to comply.

 

9.8.

MIFT.  The Client expressly acknowledges that it is aware that a MIFT increases the risk of error, security, privacy issues and fraudulent activities.  If the Custodian acts on a MIFT and complies with the applicable security procedures, the Client shall be responsible for any costs, losses and other expenses suffered by the Client or the Custodian.

 

9.9.

Banking Days.  The Custodian shall accept and act on Instructions or any other communication on banking days when the Custodian and the relevant market are open for business.  From time to time the Custodian shall notify the Client of the days the Custodian and any applicable market will not be open and the cut-off times for accepting and acting on Instructions or other communications on the days the Custodian is open.

 

9.10.

Notice.  The Custodian shall promptly notify the Client (by telephone if appropriate) if an Instruction is not acted upon for any reason

 

10.

ACTIONS BY THE CUSTODIAN AND ASSET SERVICES.

 

10.1.

Custodial Duties Requiring Instructions.  The Custodian shall carry out the following actions only upon receipt of Instructions: (i) make payment for and/or receive any Securities or deliver or dispose of any Securities except as otherwise specifically provided for in this Agreement, (ii) deal with rights, conversions, options, warrants and other similar interests or any other discretionary corporate action or discretionary right in connection with Securities, and (iii) except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, carry out any action affecting Securities or Cash.

 

10.2.

Non-Discretionary Custodial Duties.  Absent a contrary Instruction, the Client agrees that the Custodian hereby is authorized to carry out non-discretionary matters in connection with any Instruction or services provided under this Agreement.  Without limiting the authority of the Custodian with regard to non-discretionary matters, the Custodian may carry out the following: (i) in the Client’s name or on its behalf, sign any documents relating to Securities or Cash which may be required (a) pursuant to an Instruction to obtain any Securities or Cash or (b) by any tax or other regulatory authority or market practice, (ii)  receive and/or credit income, payments and distributions in respect of Securities; (iii) exchange interim or temporary receipts for definitive certificates, and old or overstamped certificates for new certificates, (iv) deposit Securities with any Clearance System as required by law, regulation or market practice, (v) make any payment by debiting any balance credited to the Client as required to effect any Instructions or payment of Taxes or other payment provided in this Agreement, (vi) to the extent any shortage of Securities or Cash occurs in connection with receipt of distributions in regard to any corporate action, make pro rata distributions, allocations, deliveries or credits of received Securities or Cash as consistent with market practice and as it deems fair and equitable, and (vii) any other matters which the Custodian considers reasonably necessary in furtherance of the services provided under this Agreement.

 

10.3. Notices and Actions Related to Securities.

10.3.1. The Custodian shall promptly notify the Client of all official notices, circulars, reports and announcements (both mandatory and discretionary) in respect of Securities held for the Client received in its capacity as Custodian.  With regard to events requiring discretionary action, the Custodian shall advise the Client of the applicable timeframe for taking any action elected by the Client. The Custodian’s notice obligation does not include notices, circulars, reports and announcements in regard to a class action.

 

10.3.2. The Custodian is responsible only for the form, accuracy and content of any notice, circular, report, announcement or other material prepared by the Custodian or its Agent, including translations.  The Custodian is not responsible for inaccuracy or incompleteness of any information in notices or information prepared by other persons, including issuers or Clearance Systems, used by the Custodian to provide any notice to the Client or forwarded by the Custodian to the Client or for the failure of such persons to act to provide any information.

 

 

 

 

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10.3.3. The Custodian shall act on discretionary matters in accordance with Instructions sent within applicable cut off times.  The Client agrees that the Custodian will not participate in or take any action concerning any discretionary matter, including shareholder voting, if the Custodian does not receive a timely Instruction. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, the Custodian will be required to provide shareholder voting services only as specified in a separate proxy services letter agreement between the Custodian and the Client.

 

10.3.4. The Client acknowledges that in some markets the Custodian or its Agent may be required to vote all Securities of a particular issue for all of its clients in the same way and may not be able to effect split voting without regard to any Instruction.

 

10.4. Taxes

10.4.1. The Client shall provide the Custodian with information and proof (copies or originals) as to the Client’s tax status and/or the underlying beneficial owner’s tax status or residence or other information as the Custodian reasonably requests in order for the Custodian or any Agent to achieve compliance with the requirements of governmental or regulatory authorities. Information and proof may include executed certificates, representations and warranties, or other documentation the Custodian deems necessary or proper to fulfill the requirements of the applicable tax authorities.  The Client shall notify the Custodian in writing within thirty (30) days, or any lesser period as stipulated under any applicable law or regulation, of the occurrence of any change in circumstances that causes any information or representation previously provided to the Custodian on a tax form or tax certification to be incorrect, e.g., a change in the Client’s country of residence or its legal entity classification, of if it ceases to be or becomes a financial institution.  Law, regulation and authority, as used in this sentence, may be domestic or foreign. The Client further agrees to provide to the Custodian a new tax form or tax certification (and any necessary supporting documentation) that contains the correct information or representations.

 

10.4.2. The Client agrees that Taxes are the responsibility of the Client and shall be paid by the Client. The Client agrees that the Custodian will deduct or withhold for or on account of Taxes from any payment to the Client if required by any applicable law including, but not limited to, (i) statute or regulation, (ii) a requirement of a legal, governmental or regulatory authority, or (iii) an agreement entered into by the Custodian and any governmental authority or between any two or more governmental authorities (applicable law as used in this sentence may be domestic or foreign).  The Client agrees that the Custodian may debit any amount available in any balance held for the Client and apply such Cash in satisfaction of Taxes.  The Custodian shall timely pay the full amount debited or withheld to the relevant governmental authority in accordance with the applicable law as provided in this Clause.  If any Taxes become payable with respect to any prior credit to the Client by the Custodian, the Client agrees that the Custodian may debit any balance held for the Client in satisfaction of such prior Taxes.  The Client shall remain liable for any deficiency and agrees that it shall pay it upon notice from the Custodian or any governmental authority.  If Taxes are paid by the Custodian or any of its affiliates, the Client agrees that it shall promptly reimburse the Custodian for such payment to the extent not covered by withholding from any payment or debited from any balance held for the Client.

 

10.4.3. In the event the Client requests that the Custodian provide tax relief services and the Custodian agrees to provide such services, the Custodian will apply for appropriate tax relief (either by way of reduced tax rates at the time of an income payment or retrospective tax reclaims in certain markets as agreed from time to time); provided, the Client provides to the Custodian such documentation and information relating to it or its underlying beneficial owner customers as is necessary to secure such tax relief.  However, in no event will the Custodian be responsible or liable for any Taxes resulting from the inability to secure tax relief, or for the failure of any Client or beneficial owner to obtain the benefit of credits, on the basis of foreign taxes withheld, against any income tax liability.

 

 

 

 

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11.

CUSTODIAN’S COMMUNICATIONS, RECORDS AND ACCESS.

 

11.1.

Communications and Statements.  Statements or advices with regard to Securities or Cash will be made available on Client request. The Client agrees that communications, notices and announcements by the Custodian and statements or advices with regard to Securities or Cash may be made available by electronic form only.  The Client shall notify the Custodian promptly in writing of any errors in a statement or advice and in any case within sixty (60) days from the date on which the statement or advice is sent or made available to the Client.  Nothing herein is intended to prevent the Client from notifying the Custodian of any errors or corrections beyond such time; provided, however, that the Custodian will not be responsible for any additional losses caused by such delay in notification.

 

11.2.

Price Information.  The Custodian may, from time to time, provide information on statements or reports showing pricing or values of Securities held for the Client.  The Client agrees that the Custodian is not responsible under this Agreement for the pricing or valuation of any Securities.  The Client agrees that the Custodian has no responsibility to independently verify such prices or similar data, and the Custodian has no liability for the availability or accuracy of any price or similar data obtained from any pricing source.

 

11.3.

Access to Records. The Custodian shall allow the Client and its independent public accountants, agents or regulators reasonable access to the records of the Custodian relating to Securities or Cash, the Custody Account or the Cash Account, and the controls utilized by the Custodian in connection with the performance of this Agreement as is reasonably required by the Client and at the Client’s expense and shall seek to obtain such access from each Agent and Clearance System.

 

12.

THIRD PARTIES.

 

12.1.

Agents.  The Client agrees that the Custodian is hereby authorized to use Agents in connection with the Custodian’s performance of any services under this Agreement. The Custodian shall not use a sub-custodian to hold the Client’s Securities or Cash without identifying the sub-custodian in a prior notice to the Client. The Custodian shall exercise due skill, care and diligence in the selection, continued use and ongoing monitoring of Agents.

 

12.2.

Other Third Parties.  The Client agrees that the Custodian is hereby authorized to participate in or use (i) Clearance Systems and (ii) public utilities, external telecommunications facilities and other common carriers of electronic and other messages, external postal services, and other facilities commonly recognized as market infrastructures in any jurisdiction.  Further, in providing services under this Agreement the Custodian will  interact with other third parties whom the Custodian does not select and over which the Custodian exercises no discretion or control, including issuers of Securities, transfer agents or registrars, and the Client’s counterparties or brokers (or their agents).  The Client agrees that Clearance Systems and such other third parties as described herein are not Agents, and the Custodian has no responsibility for (i) selecting, appointing or monitoring such third parties or (ii) the performance or credit risks of the third parties.

 

13.

PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES.

 

13.1.

Responsibility of the Custodian.  The Custodian shall perform its obligations with due skill, care and diligence as determined in accordance with the standards and practices of a  professional custodian for hire in the markets or jurisdictions in which the Custodian performs services under this Agreement and maintains Securities and Cash for the Client. The Custodian shall be liable for payment to the Client for its direct damages only where the Custodian or any Agent has not satisfied such obligation of due skill, care and diligence.

 

 

 

 

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13.2.

Liability of the Client to the CustodianThe Client agrees to (i) indemnify the Custodian for all losses, costs, damages, Taxes and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and disbursements) (each referred to as a “Loss”) incurred by the Custodian arising in connection with the Client’s failure to perform any obligation of the Client under this Agreement or arising from or in connection with the Custodian’s appointment or performance under this Agreement and (ii) defend and hold the Custodian harmless from or in connection with any Loss imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against the Custodian (directly or through any of its Agents)  or otherwise arising in connection with or arising out of any claim, action or proceeding by any third party except any Loss resulting from the Custodian’s or any Agent’s failure to satisfy its obligation of due skill, care and diligence as provided in this Agreement.

 

13.3.

Mitigation of Damages.  Upon the actual knowledge by any party of the occurrence of any event which may cause any loss, damage or expense to the party, the party shall as soon as reasonably practicable (i) notify the other party of the occurrence of such event and (ii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to take reasonable steps under the circumstances to mitigate or reduce the effects of such event and to avoid continuing harm to it.

 

13.4.

Mutual Exclusion of Damages.  Each party shall be liable to the other party only for direct damages for any liability arising under this Agreement.  Under no circumstances shall any party be liable to any other party for special or punitive damages, or indirect, incidental, consequential loss or damage, or any loss of profits, goodwill, business opportunity, business revenue or anticipated savings in relation to this Agreement, whether arising out of breach of contract, tort (including negligence) or otherwise, regardless of whether the relevant loss was foreseeable or the party has been advised of the possibility of such loss or damage, or that such loss was in contemplation of the other party.

 

13.5. Legal Limitations on the Custodian’s Performance.

13.5.1. Performance Subject to Laws.  The Client agrees that the Custodian’s performance of this Agreement, including acting on any Instruction, is subject to, and shall be performed only in accordance with, the laws (including, without limitation, governmental and regulatory actions, orders, decrees regulations and agreements entered into by the Custodian and any governmental authority or between any two or more governmental authorities, whether domestic or foreign) applicable to the Custodian or a member of the Citi Organization as a result of the jurisdiction in which it or its parent is organized or located or where the Custodian performs this Agreement, including with respect to the holding of any Securities or Cash, and the rules, participant requirements, operating procedures and practices of any relevant Clearance System, stock exchange, or market. Nothing in this Agreement will oblige the Custodian to take any action that will be in breach of or be in conflict with any legal limitation as provided herein.

 

13.5.2. Country Risk.  The Client agrees that it shall bear all risks and expenses associated with investing in Securities or holding Cash denominated in any currency.  The Client agrees that the Custodian will not be liable for country specific risks of loss or value or other restrictions resulting from country risk, including the risk of investing and holding Securities and Cash in a particular country or market such as, but not limited to, risks arising from (i) any act of war, terrorism, riot or civil commotion, (ii) investment, repatriation or exchange control restriction or nationalization, expropriation or other actions by any governmental authority, (iii) devaluation or revaluation of any currency, (iv) changes in applicable law, and (v) a country’s financial infrastructure and practices including market rules and  conditions.

 

 

 

 

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13.5.3. Conformity with Market PracticesNotwithstanding the Client’s Instruction to deliver Securities against payment or to pay for Securities against delivery, the Client authorizes the Custodian to make or accept payment for or delivery of Securities at such time and in such form and manner as complies with relevant local law and practice or with the customs prevailing in the relevant market.

 

13.5.4. Prevention of Performance.  The Client agrees that the Custodian will not be responsible for any failure to perform any of its obligations (nor will it be responsible for any unavailability of Cash in the applicable currency credited to the Client) if such performance by the Custodian or any Agent of the Custodian is prevented, hindered or delayed by a Force Majeure Event.  “Force Majeure Event” means any event attributable to a cause beyond the reasonable control of the Custodian or its Agent such as restrictions on convertibility or transferability, requisitions, involuntary transfers, unavailability of any Clearance System, sabotage, fire, flood, explosion, acts of God, sanctions, governmental requirements as provided in this Agreement, civil commotion, strikes or industrial action of any kind, riots, insurrection, war or acts of government or similar institutions, as well as any other matter specified as a country risk in this Agreement.  On the occurrence of any Force Majeure Event, the obligations of the Custodian are suspended for so long as the Force Majeure Event continues (and, in the case of the Custodian, neither it nor any member of the Citi Organization shall become liable).  The Client agrees that neither the Custodian nor any member of the Citi Organization is responsible or liable for any action taken to comply with sanctions or government requirements.  Upon the occurrence of any Force Majeure Event, to the extent allowed by applicable law, the Custodian shall inform the Client and shall use its reasonable efforts to minimize the effect of the Force Majeure Event on the Client.  The Custodian confirms that it and each Agent maintains and regularly tests disaster recovery plans and contingency back-up services designed to mitigate the effects of any Force Majeure Event and which meet the standards generally adopted by internationally regulated financial institutions.

 

13.5.5. Client’s Reporting Obligations.  The Client agrees that it shall be solely responsible for all filings, tax returns and reports relating to Securities or Cash as may be required by any relevant authority, whether governmental or otherwise.

 

13.5.6. Capacity of Custodian.  The Client acknowledges that the Custodian is not acting under this Agreement as an investment manager, broker, or investment, legal or tax adviser to the Client.  The Custodian’s duty is solely to act as a custodian in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, and the Custodian will take no view on the efficacy or soundness of any investment decision made by the Client.

 

13.5.7. Limitation on Actions. Without prejudice to any other provision in this Agreement, this Clause 11 applies to all rights of the Client and obligations of the Custodian in respect of the activities contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, any claims arising in connection with such activities that may be made against the Custodian, whether arising from breach of contract, tortious or similar acts, or otherwise.

 

14.

NOT AGENT FOR CLIENT’S CUSTOMERS; CLIENT’S DIRECT LIABILITY.

 

The Client agrees that it will not be relieved of its obligations as principal as the Client under this Agreement where (or if) the Client discloses that it has entered into this Agreement as agent, custodian or other representative of another person.  Notwithstanding any requirement that accounts, documentation or agreements, or transactions be effected in the name of any customer of the Client or for any other beneficial owner acting directly or indirectly though the Client, the Client agrees that it shall be responsible as principal for all obligations to the Custodian with regard to such beneficial owner accounts, agreements, or transactions. The Client agrees that its customers will not have any direct rights against the Custodian, and the Custodian shall have no liability to the Client’s underlying customers.

 

15.

CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS.

 

15.1.

Compliance with Requirements.  The Client acknowledges that the Custodian has arrangements in place to manage conflicts of interest (the “Conflicts Policy”). If the Custodian deems that the arrangements are not sufficient to reasonably prevent risks of damage to the Client, the Custodian shall clearly disclose the general nature and/or the sources of the conflict of interest to the Client before undertaking the relevant business with or for the Client.

 

 

 

 

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15.2.

Information.  The Client acknowledges that members of the Citi Organization including Citibank, N.A. may separately provide services, including advisory, credit, and other financial services, to the Client or to other persons other than as custodian under this Agreement. In connection with those services the Custodian or its Agent may be prohibited by applicable law or by its Conflicts Policy or other policies from disclosing information of which it becomes aware or from accessing any information in relation to those services. As a result, the Client agrees that neither the Custodian nor any member of the Citi Organization is required or expected to disclose to the Client any non-public information it obtains in the course of providing services other than as Custodian.  Also, the Client acknowledges that except as provided in this Agreement, the Custodian has no obligation to disclosure to the Client any public or non confidential information it obtains from any source about which relates to any issuer, counterparty or other person, regardless of whether such information relates to any Security held or to be received for the Client.

 

15.3.

Services to Client or the Custodian.  The Client agrees that the Custodian may share any fees, profits and non-monetary benefits with any member of the Citi Organization or other third parties (including a person acting on their behalf) or receive fees, profits and non-monetary benefits from them in respect of the services provided pursuant to this Agreement. The Custodian shall provide details of the nature and amount of any such fees, profits or non-monetary benefits on the Client’s written request.

 

16.

INFORMATION AND DATA PROTECTION.

 

               Responsibilities of each party relating to the privacy and confidentiality of information are set forth in the Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions specified in that Annex to this Agreement attached hereto, and the parties agree to the terms specified in that Annex

 

17.

ADVERTISING.

 

Neither the Client nor the Custodian will display the name, trade mark or service mark of the other without the prior written approval of the other, nor will the Client display that of any member of the Citi Organization without prior written approval from the Custodian.  The Client agrees that it shall not advertise or promote any service provided by the Custodian without the Custodian’s prior written consent; provided, however the Client may identify the Custodian as its custodian in any regulatory or other legally required or permitted disclosure by the Client without first obtaining the Custodian’s consent.

 

18.

FEES AND EXPENSES.

 

                The Client agrees to pay all fees and charges incurred from time to time for any services pursuant to this Agreement as determined in accordance with the terms of the Fee Schedule (“Fee Schedule”) together with any other amounts payable to the Custodian under this Agreement.  The Client agrees that the Custodian may debit the Cash Account to pay any such fees and charges, together with any other amounts payable to the Custodian under this Agreement.  The Client agrees that all fees and charges paid to the Custodian shall be payable without deduction for Taxes, which are the responsibility of the Client.

 

19.

REPRESENTATIVE CAPACITY.

 

19.1

Non-Recourse. A copy of the declaration of trust or other organizational document of the Client and/or each Fund is on file with the appropriate authority, which has been provided by the Client to the Custodian, and the Custodian acknowledges and agrees that this Agreement is not executed on behalf of the trustees of the Client as individuals, and the obligations of this Agreement are not binding on any of the trustees, officers, shareholders of the Client individually, but are binding only upon the assets and property of each Fund with respect to its Shares, Securities and Cash.

 

 

 

 

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19.2

Several Obligations.  With respect to any obligations of the Client with respect to a Fund arising out of this Agreement, the Custodian shall look for payment or satisfaction of any obligation solely to the Shares, Securities, Cash or other assets of the Fund to which such obligation relates as though each Fund has separately contracted with the Custodian by separate written instrument with respect to its assets and transactions.

 

20.

TERMINATION.

 

20.1. Termination; Closing an Account.

20.1.1. The Client or the Custodian may terminate this Agreement as between itself and the other party hereto by giving not less than sixty (60) days’ prior written notice to such other party. Termination with respect to any Fund shall be effected by the Custodian and the Client agreeing to an amended Appendix A deleting such Fund.  Termination of this Agreement with respect to any Fund shall not terminate this Agreement with respect to any other Fund.

 

20.1.2. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the Custodian may close an inactive Custody Account or Cash Account upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice (but subject to any legal requirement as to a different notice period).  The Custodian may close any Custody Account or Cash Account upon notice to the Client as the Custodian reasonably considers necessary for the Custodian or any other member of the Citi Organization to comply with applicable law in regard to Taxes or other requirements including, but not limited to, (i) statute or regulation, (ii) legal, governmental or regulatory authority, or (iii) agreement entered into by the Custodian and any governmental authority or between any two or more governmental authorities (applicable law as used in this sentence may be domestic or foreign) as provided in this Agreement.

 

20.2.

Effect on Securities and Cash. If by the termination date the Client has not given Instructions to deliver any Securities or Cash, the Custodian shall continue to safekeep such Securities and/or Cash until the Client provides Instructions to effect a free delivery of such. However, the Client agrees that the Custodian will provide no other services as regard to any such Securities except to collect and hold any cash distributions. The Client shall be liable for standard fees for Securities or Cash retained in safekeeping after termination of this Agreement.

 

20.3.

Surviving Terms. The parties agree that the rights and obligations contained in Clauses 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.8, 5.2, 8, 10.4, 13, 14, 16, 17, and 21 of Agreement shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

21.

GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION.

 

21.1.

Governing Law.  The Client and the Custodian agree that this Agreement and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it shall be governed, construed, regulated and administered under the laws of the country in which the Custodian is located and performs its obligations hereunder, without regard to any principles regarding conflict of laws.  The Client and the Custodian agree that the location of the Custodian specified in this Agreement is the sole location of the Custodian for performance of any obligation under this Agreement including the location of the Custody Account and Cash Account (unless otherwise specified by the Custodian). For the avoidance of doubt, the choice of governing law includes the application of securities transfer legislation or other law in regard to the rights of parties and third persons in Securities and Cash.

 

 

 

 

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21.2.

Jurisdiction.  The Client and the Custodian agree that the courts of the country in which the Custodian is located and performs its obligations hereunder (including any appropriate sub-jurisdiction) will have non-exclusive jurisdiction to hear any disputes arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, and the Client irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts.

 

21.3.

Venue.  Each party hereby waives any objection it may have at any time, to the laying of venue of any actions or proceedings brought in any court of jurisdiction as provided in this Agreement, waives any claim that such actions or proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum and further waives the right to object that such court does not have jurisdiction.

 

21.4.

Sovereign Immunity.  The Client and the Custodian each irrevocably waives, with respect to itself and its revenues and assets, all immunity on the grounds of sovereignty or similar grounds in respect of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

21.5.

No Third Party Rights.  None of the provisions of this Agreement are intended to, or will, confer a benefit on or be enforceable by any third parties including customers of the Client.

 

22.

MISCELLANEOUS.

 

22.1.

Severability.  If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes illegal, invalid or unenforceable under any applicable law, the parties intend that the remaining provisions will remain in full force and effect (as will that provision under any other law).

 

22.2.

Waiver of Rights.  No failure or delay of the Client or the Custodian in exercising any right or remedy under this Agreement constitutes a waiver of that right.  Any waiver of any right is limited to the specific instance.  The exclusion or omission of any provision or term of this Agreement shall not constitute a waiver of any right or remedy the Client or the Custodian may have under applicable law.

 

22.3.

Recordings.  The Client and the Custodian consent to telephonic or electronic monitoring or recordings of any communications for security and quality of service purposes and agree that either may produce telephonic or electronic recordings or computer records as evidence in any proceedings brought in connection with this Agreement.

 

22.4.

Written Notice.  Unless otherwise provided, when “written”, “writing” and words of similar meaning are used in this Agreement, they refer to both paper and electronic forms such as emails, faxes, digital images and copies, and similar electronic versions.  A written notice shall be effective if delivered to the Client’s principal business address specified in writing to the Custodian or to the Custodian’s address specified in writing to the Client (or any other address the Client or the Custodian may provide by written notice for this purpose including an address for notices to be sent electronically).  Any method used to communicate Instructions may be used to give any notice.  Notices will be in English unless otherwise agreed. For the avoidance of doubt, a written notice does not include an Instruction or other communication as specified in this Agreement.

 

22.5.

Further Information.  The Client agrees to provide to the Custodian and execute further documents and other information as reasonably requested by the Custodian in relation to its performance of services under this Agreement and its duties and obligations under this Agreement in order to assist the Custodian with the requirements of a court, regulator or other legal authority in regard to an applicable market, including providing the identities of the beneficial owners of any Securities or Cash and providing any powers of attorney or similar authority or terms and conditions in regard to any cash account opened with any sub-custodian in the name of the Client or any of its customers to enable or facilitate the opening or operation of such cash account on behalf of the Client for the purpose of this Agreement.

 

 

 

 

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22.6.

Entire Agreement; Amendments. The parties agree that this Agreement consists exclusively of this document together with any specified annex or identified schedules. The Client agrees that the Custodian is responsible for the performance of only those duties set forth in this Agreement, including the performance of any Instruction. The Client acknowledges that the Custodian will have no implied duties or obligations except as cannot be excluded by applicable law. Except as specified in this Agreement, this Agreement may only be modified by written agreement of the Client and the Custodian.

 

Funds may be added to or removed from this Agreement by execution and delivery to the Custodian by the Client of an amended Appendix A, and the execution of such amended Appendix A by the Custodian, in which case such amendment shall take effect immediately upon execution by the Custodian; unless otherwise agreed by the Custodian and the Client in writing.

 

22.7.

Assignment.  The parties agree that no party may assign or transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the other’s prior written consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; provided that the Custodian may make such assignment or transfer to a branch, subsidiary or affiliate if it does not materially affect the provision of services to the Client.

 

22.8.

Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which will be an original, but all of which together constitutes one and the same agreement.

 

[Signatures follow on Next Page]

 

 

 

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CITIBANK, N.A.

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By: /s/ David A. Bogaert

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Name: David A. Bogaert

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:  President

 

 

 

 

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Custody Services — Americas Global Window Fee Schedule for ETF Opportunities Trust

 

Country

Safekeeping Fee for Equities (bps)

Transaction Fee for Equities (USD)

Safekeeping Fee for Fixed Income (bps)

Transaction Fee for Fixed Income (USD)

UNITED STATES

 

 

 

 

 

Out of Pocket Expenses:

All charges will be payable by the client where appropriate. These include, but are not limited to: 

Re-Registration Fees 

Stamp Duties 

Crest Fines / Fines from any other Depository 

Depository Charges (ICSD Euclid reporting, account maintenance, ADR and Depository Receipt Fees, etc.) 

Fiscalization Levies

Notarization and Consularization Fees 

Stock Certificate Splits

Crossing of Stocks 

Turnover Taxes

Scrip Fees

Transportation / Courier / Postage Charges

 

Unpriced Securities:

 

Bond value will be assessed at Par and safekeeping charges will be applied at the listed market rate.

 

Equities will be valued at $1.00 per share and safekeeping charges will be applied at the listed market rate.

 

Dormant Account Fee:

 

An account which does not exhibit any activity for a period of 12 months will be considered a Dormant Account.

 

Fee is applicable at the Depot level. Citi reserves the right to charge a Dormant Account Fee of $25.00 per month per dormant depot by account.

 

Price Protection:

 

During the Term Citibank, N.A. will be authorized on an annual basis to increase any fees payable hereunder on an annual basis by the lesser of (i) 5% for each 12 month period, and (ii) the percentage rate of increase in the Consumer Price Index — Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) from the preceding calendar year as determined by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Citibank, N.A. will give written notice of such increases 60 days prior to each anniversary date of the Agreement.

 

Customized Reports:

 

A one-time customization charge may apply for the provision of specialized reports. Pricing is available upon request.

 

Additional charges may apply for the provision of customized reports within a production environment.

 

 

 

 

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Footnotes:

 

¹Minimums do not apply if the fees for the custody asset based charges produce greater revenue than the relationship minimum would produce on an aggregate basis.

 

²Citibank, N.A. will waive this fee in full if implementation is completed within three months of the date that this Fee Schedule is signed by.

 

³This fee will be converted to the equivalent USD charge when applied to an invoice.

 

 

 

 

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Appendix A 

To the Global Custodial and Agency Services Agreement dated April 6, 2020

 

List of Funds for ETF Opportunities Trust

 

 

1.

American Conservative Values ETF

 

2.

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

 

 

 

 

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ANNEX TO GLOBAL CUSTODIAL AND AGENCY SERVICES AGREEMENT 

U.S. SPECIAL RESOLUTION REGIME RECOGNITION

 

(1) Recognition of U.S. Regimes. In the event that the Custodian becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer of this Agreement, any transaction under this Agreement or any related Credit Enhancement between the parties (each, a “Relevant Agreement”) and any interest and obligation in or under, and any property securing, such Relevant Agreement (“Relevant Interests”) from Custodian will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Relevant Agreement and Relevant Interests were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. In the event Custodian or any Citi Affiliate becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights with respect to any Relevant Agreement against Custodian are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Relevant Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

 

(2) Effective Date. The provisions of this Appendix will come into effect on the later of the date of this Agreement and the Applicable Compliance Date.

 

(3) Definitions. For the purposes of this Appendix, the following definitions apply:

 

Applicable Compliance Date” means: (a) the date of this Agreement, if Client is a covered entity under the QFC Stay Rules; (b) July 1, 2019, if Client is a “financial counterparty” other than a “small financial institution” (as such terms are defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, the QFC Stay Rules); or (c) otherwise, January 1, 2020.

 

Citi Affiliate” means an “affiliate” (as such term is defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 1841(k)) of  Custodian.

 

Credit Enhancement” means, with respect to any Relevant Agreement, any credit enhancement or other credit support arrangement in support of the obligations of Custodian or Client thereunder or with respect thereto, including any guarantee, pledge, charge, mortgage or other security interest in collateral or title transfer collateral arrangement, trust or similar arrangement, letter of credit, transfer of margin, reimbursement obligation or any similar arrangement.

 

Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, the QFC Stay Rules, including without limitation any right of a party to liquidate, terminate, cancel, rescind, or accelerate an agreement or transactions thereunder; set off or net amounts owed; exercise remedies in respect of collateral or other credit support or related property; demand payment or delivery; suspend, delay, or defer payment or performance; alter the amount of, demand the return of or modify any right to reuse collateral or margin provided; otherwise modify the obligations of a party; or any similar rights.

 

Insolvency Proceeding” means a receivership, insolvency, liquidation, resolution, or similar proceeding.

 

QFC Stay Rules” means the regulations codified at 12 C.F.R. 252.2, 252.81–8. All references herein to the QFC Stay Rules shall be construed, with respect to Custodian to mean the particular QFC Stay Rule(s) applicable to it.

 

U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.  

 

 

 

 

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ANNEX TO GLOBAL CUSTODIAL AND AGENCY SERVICES AGREEMENT

CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA PRIVACY CONDITIONS

 

1.

INTRODUCTION

 

These Conditions form part of the Global Custodial and Agency Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) that applies between the Client and the Custodian in relation to the provision of Accounts (i.e. each Cash Account and Custody Account) and services to the Client pursuant to the Agreement.  The purpose of these Conditions is to set out each party’s obligations in relation to Confidential Information and Personal Data received from the other party in connection with the provision of Accounts and services under the Agreement.  Some provisions of these Conditions are region-specific and will only apply in respect of the regions or countries specified.  In some countries, further country-specific terms are required, and these will be included in the local conditions for that country provided in writing to the Client.  If there is a conflict between these Conditions (as supplemented by those further country-specific terms referenced in the previous sentence) and any other confidentiality and/or data protection-related terms and conditions in any other agreement between the Custodian and the Client (including any agreement pre-dating the date on which these Conditions enter into effect as between the Custodian and the Client) applicable to the subject matter of the Agreement, these Conditions prevail.  Except to the extent prohibited under applicable law or expressly agreed otherwise by the parties, and subject to any mandatory minimum notice period prescribed by applicable law, these Conditions may be updated from time to time with general applicability to clients upon written notice to the Client. 

 

2.

PROTECTION OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

 

The Receiving Party will keep the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information confidential on the terms hereof and exercise at least the same degree of care with respect to the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information that the Receiving Party exercises to protect its own Confidential Information of a similar nature, and in any event, no less than reasonable care.

 

3.

USE AND DISCLOSURE OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

 

The Disclosing Party hereby grants the Receiving Party the right to use and disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information to the extent necessary to accomplish the relevant Permitted Purposes.  The Receiving Party will only use and disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information to the extent permitted in these Conditions.

 

4.

EXCEPTIONS TO CONFIDENTIALITY

 

Notwithstanding anything in these Conditions to the contrary, the restrictions on the use and disclosure of Confidential Information in these Conditions do not apply to  information that: (i) is in or enters the public domain other than as a result of the wrongful act or omission of the Receiving Party or its Affiliates, or their respective Representatives in breach of these Conditions; (ii) is lawfully obtained by the Receiving Party from a third party or already known by the Receiving Party in each case without notice of any obligation to maintain it as confidential; (iii) was independently developed by the Receiving Party without reference to the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information; (iv) an authorized officer of the Disclosing Party has agreed in writing that the Receiving Party may disclose on a non-confidential basis; or (v) constitutes Anonymized and/or Aggregated Data.

 

5.

AUTHORISED DISCLOSURES

 

5.1

Affiliates and Representatives. The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information to the Receiving Party’s Affiliates and to those of the Receiving Party’s and its Affiliates’ respective Representatives who have a “need to know” such Confidential Information, although only to the extent necessary to fulfil the relevant Permitted Purposes.  The Receiving Party shall ensure that any of its Affiliates and Representatives to whom the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information is disclosed pursuant to this Condition 5.1 shall be bound to keep such Confidential Information confidential and to use it for only the relevant Permitted Purposes.

  

     

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5.2

Other disclosures. With respect to the Client’s Confidential Information, Custodian Recipients may: (i) disclose it to such third parties as may be designated by the Client (for example, the Client’s shared service centre) and to Client Affiliates; (ii) disclose it to Market Infrastructure Providers on a confidential basis to the extent necessary for the operation of the Account and the provision of the services under the Agreement; and (iii) use it and disclose it to other Custodian Recipients for the purpose of supporting the opening of accounts by, and the provision of services to, the Client and Client Affiliates at and by the Custodian and its Affiliates.

 

5.3

Payment reconciliation. When the Client instructs the Custodian to make a payment from an Account to a third party’s account, in order to enable the third party to perform payment reconciliations, the Custodian may disclose to the third party the Client’s name, address and account number (and such other Client Confidential Information as may be reasonably required by the third party to perform payment reconciliations).

 

5.4

Legal and regulatory disclosure.  The Receiving Party (and, where the Custodian is the Receiving Party, Custodian Recipients and Market Infrastructure Providers) may disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information pursuant to legal process, or pursuant to any other foreign or domestic legal and/or regulatory obligation or request, or agreement entered into by any of them and any governmental authority, domestic or foreign, or between or among any two or more domestic or foreign governmental authorities, including disclosure to courts, tribunals, and/or legal, regulatory, tax and government authorities. 

 

6.

RETENTION AND DELETION

 

On closure of Accounts or termination of the provision of the services under the Agreement, each of the Client and Custodian Recipients shall be entitled to retain and use the other party’s Confidential Information, subject to the confidentiality and security obligations herein, for legal, regulatory, audit and internal compliance purposes and in accordance with their internal records management policies to the extent that this is permissible under applicable laws and regulations, but shall otherwise securely destroy or delete such Confidential Information. 

 

7.

DATA PRIVACY

 

7.1

Compliance with lawThe Receiving Party will comply with applicable Data Protection Law in Processing Disclosing Party Personal Data in connection with the provision or receipt of Accounts and services under the Agreement.

 

7.2

Compliance with GDPR/Equivalent Laws.  Without limiting Condition 7.1 (Compliance with law), to the extent that the Processing of Personal Data is subject to the GDPR or any Equivalent Law: (i) each party is responsible for its own compliance with applicable Data Protection Law; and (ii) the Client confirms that any Client Personal Data that it provides to the Custodian has been Processed fairly and lawfully, is accurate and is relevant for the purposes for which it is being provided and the Custodian may rely on the Client’s compliance with such undertaking and, where applicable, assistance from the Client pursuant to Condition 7.6 (Legal basis for Processing).

 

7.3

Security.  The Custodian will, and will use reasonable endeavours to ensure that Custodian Affiliates and Third Party Service Providers will, implement reasonable and appropriate technical and organisational security measures to protect Client Personal Data that is within its or their custody or control against unauthorised or unlawful Processing and accidental destruction or loss.

  

     

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7.4

Purpose limitation. The Client hereby authorises the Custodian to Process Client Personal Data in accordance with these Conditions and to the extent reasonably required for the relevant Permitted Purposes for the period of time reasonably necessary for the relevant Permitted Purposes.

 

7.5

International transfer.  The Client acknowledges that in the course of the disclosures described in Condition 5 (Authorised Disclosures), Disclosing Party Personal Data may be disclosed to recipients located in countries which do not offer a level of protection for those data as high as the level of protection in the country in which the Custodian is established or the Client is located.

 

7.6

Legal basis for Processing

 

7.6.1      Except as noted in Condition 7.6.2:

 

 

(A)

When the Client is the Data Subject:  to the extent that the Client is the Data Subject of Client Personal Data Processed by the Custodian, then the Client consents to the Custodian’s Processing of all of such Client Personal Data as described in Conditions 3 to 7.

 

 

(B)

When the Client is not the Data Subject:  to the extent that the Custodian Processes Client Personal Data about other Data Subjects (for example, the Client’s personnel or Related Parties), the Client warrants that to the extent required by applicable law or regulation, it has provided notice to and obtained consent from such Data Subjects in relation to the Custodian’s Processing of their Personal Data as described in those Conditions (and will provide such notice or obtain such consent in advance of providing similar information in future).  The Client further warrants that any such consent has been granted by these Data Subjects for the period reasonably required for the realisation of the relevant Permitted Purposes.

 

7.6.2      To the extent that the Processing of Personal Data is subject to the GDPR or any Equivalent Law then the provisions of this Condition 7.6.2 shall apply:

 

 

(A)

When the Client is the Data Subject: when the Client is the Data Subject of Client Personal Data Processed by the Custodian, then the Client hereby acknowledges that the Custodian will Process Client Personal Data as set forth in the relevant Markets and Securities Services Privacy Statement accessible at https://www.citibank.com/icg/global_markets/uk_terms.jsp (or such other URL or statement as the Custodian may notify to the Client from time to time) and the Custodian may seek consent prior to conducting certain Processing activities from the Client from time to time as its legal basis for Processing Client Personal Data under the GDPR or any Equivalent Law; and

 

 

(B)

When the Client is not the Data Subject: when the Custodian Processes Client Personal Data about other Data Subjects (for example, the Client’s personnel or Related Parties), the Client warrants that it shall provide notice to, and shall seek consent from (and promptly upon the Custodian’s request shall provide evidence to the Custodian of having provided such notices and/or obtained such consents), such Data Subjects in relation to the Custodian’s Processing of their Personal Data in accordance with any instructions of the Custodian from time to time (which may include the form and the manner in which a notice is to be provided, or any consent is to be obtained).  In connection with the foregoing, the Client warrants that it will provide Data Subjects with a copy of the relevant Markets and Securities Services Privacy Statement accessible at https://www.citibank.com/icg/global_markets/uk_terms.jsp (or such other URL or statement as the Custodian may notify to the Client from time to time).

 

7.7

Employee reliability and training.  The Custodian will take reasonable steps to ensure the reliability of its employees who will have access to Client Personal Data and will ensure that those of its employees who are involved in the Processing of Client Personal Data have undergone appropriate training in the care, protection and handling of Personal Data.

  

     

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7.8

Audit.  The Custodian shall provide the Client with such information as is reasonably requested by the Client to enable the Client to satisfy itself of the Custodian’s compliance with its obligations under Condition 7.3 (Security). Nothing in this Condition 7.8 shall have the effect of requiring the Custodian to provide information that may cause it to breach its confidentiality obligations to third parties.

 

8.

SECURITY INCIDENTS 

 

If the Custodian becomes aware of a Security Incident, the Custodian will investigate and remediate the effects of the Security Incident in accordance with its internal policies and procedures and the requirements of applicable law and regulation.  The Custodian will notify the Client of any Security Incident as soon as reasonably practicable after the Custodian becomes aware of a Security Incident, unless the Custodian is subject to a legal or regulatory constraint, or if it would compromise the Custodian’s investigation.  The parties agree that in relation to a Security Incident, each party will be responsible for making any notifications to regulators and individuals that are required under applicable Data Protection Law and each party will promptly notify the other party if it makes any such notifications.  Each party will provide reasonable information and assistance to the other party to the extent necessary to help the other party to meet its obligations to Data Subjects and regulators.  Neither the Custodian nor the Client will issue press or media statements or comments or make any other public disclosures in connection with the Security Incident that name the other party unless it has obtained the other party’s prior written consent or unless such Security Incident has otherwise become publicly known other than through a disclosure that is prohibited under this sentence.

 

9.

AUSTRALIA  

 

This Condition 9 applies only where the Client is located in Australia. If the Client is located in Australia, the Client represents, warrants and covenants that it is a wholesale client within the meaning of sections 761G or 761GA of the Australian Corporation Act.

 

10.

PROVISION OF DATA FROM VENDORS AND EXCHANGES

 

The Custodian may provide the Client with pricing and other data licensed from Data Suppliers.  The Custodian is licensed to provide such data only upon the following conditions: (i) it may not be used for any purpose independent of the service relationship established under the Agreement, and shall be used only internally (including in custodial holdings reports for actual investments sent to the investments’ beneficial owners and to intermediaries between the Client and the beneficial owners); (ii) the Data Suppliers and their applicable affiliates shall be third-party beneficiaries of this Condition 10; (iii) the Data Suppliers and their applicable affiliates have no liability or responsibility to the Client relating to the Client’s receipt or use of the data; and (iv) the Client shall comply with any terms or conditions relating to the use of the data from time to time provided to it by a Data Supplier. In addition to the foregoing, a Data Supplier may specify other terms or limitations applicable to the Client’s use of its data and the Client shall comply with such terms and limitations.  A Data Supplier may, in its discretion: (x) direct Custodian to terminate the Client’s receipt of the Data Supplier’s data for any or no reason with or without notice; and (y) require the Client to enter into an agreement with it directly as a condition of receipt of its data.

 

If a Client which is an investment manager engages a subadvisor to help manage certain of its funds, then, upon consent of the Custodian, such Client may distribute the Data Suppliers’ data to such subadvisor; provided, however, that the use of such data by the subadvisor shall be subject to the provisions set forth in clauses (i)-(iv) of the immediately preceding paragraph.

 

11.

DEFINITIONS

Capitalised terms used in these Conditions shall have the meanings given to them in the Agreement or as set out below: 

 

     

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“Affiliate” means either a Custodian Affiliate or a Client Affiliate, as the context may require;

 

“Anonymized and/or Aggregated Data” means information relating to the Disclosing Party received or generated by the Receiving Party in connection with the provision or receipt of the Account and services under the Agreement and in respect of which all direct personal identifiers have been removed, and/or which has been aggregated with other data, in both cases such that the data cannot reasonably identify the Disclosing Party, its Affiliates or Representatives or a natural person;

 

“Client Affiliate” means any entity, present or future, that directly or indirectly Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with the Client, and any branch thereof;

 

“Client Personal Data” means Personal Data relating to a Data Subject received by or on behalf of the Custodian from the Client, Client Affiliates and their respective Representatives and Related Parties in the course of providing Accounts and services under the Agreement to the Client.  Client Personal Data may include names, contact details, identification and verification information, nationality and residency information, taxpayer identification numbers, voiceprints, bank and/or Custodian account and transactional information (where legally permissible), to the extent that these amount to Personal Data under applicable Data Protection Law; 

 

“Conditions” means these Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions;

 

“Confidential Information” means:

 

 

(A)

where the Disclosing Party is the Client or a Client Affiliate, or any of their respective Representatives: information relating to the Client or Client Affiliates or their respective Representatives or Related Parties received by Custodian Recipients in the course of providing Accounts and services under the Agreement to the Client, including all Client Personal Data, Client’s bank and/or Custodian account details, transactional information, and any other information which is either designated by the Client as confidential at the time of disclosure or that a reasonable person would consider to be of a confidential or proprietary nature; or

 

 

(B)

where the Disclosing Party is the Custodian or a Custodian Affiliate, or any of their respective Representatives: information relating to the Custodian or Custodian Affiliates or their respective Representatives received or accessed by the Client, Client Affiliates and their respective Representatives in connection with the receipt of Accounts and services under the Agreement from the Custodian, including Custodian Personal Data, information relating to the Custodian’s products and services and the terms and conditions on which they are provided, technology (including software, the form and format of reports and on-line computer screens), pricing information, internal policies, operational procedures and any other information which is either designated by the Custodian as confidential at the time of disclosure or that a reasonable person would consider to be of a confidential or proprietary nature;

 

“Control” means that an entity possesses directly or indirectly the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the other entity, whether through the ownership of voting shares, by contract or otherwise;

 

“Custodian Affiliate” means any entity, present or future, that directly or indirectly Controls, is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Custodian, and any branch or representative offices thereof, including Citibank, N.A. and Citigroup Technologies, Inc.; 

 

“Custodian Personal Data” means Personal Data relating to a Data Subject received by the Client from the Custodian, Custodian Affiliates and/or their respective Representatives in the course of receiving Accounts and services under the Agreement from the Custodian.  Custodian Personal Data may include names and contact details, to the extent that these amount to Personal Data under applicable Data Protection Law; 

 

     

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“Custodian Recipients” means the Custodian, Custodian Affiliates and their respective Representatives;

 

Data Protection Law means any and all applicable laws and/or regulations relating to privacy and/or data protection in relation to the Processing of Client Personal Data or Custodian Personal Data, including any amendments or supplements to or replacements of such laws and/or regulations and including without limitation and as applicable: (i) the EU Directive on Data Protection (95/46/EC) and the EU Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications (2002/58/EC); (ii) any national laws implementing such directives; (iii) the GDPR; and (iv) any Equivalent Law;

 

“Data Subject” means a natural person who is identified, or who can be identified directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to his or her physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity, or, if different, the meaning given to this term or nearest equivalent term under applicable Data Protection Law.  For the purpose of these Conditions, Data Subjects may be the Client, Client Affiliates, the Custodian, their personnel, Related Parties, customers, suppliers, payment remitters, payment beneficiaries or other persons;

 

“Data Supplier” means a vendor, exchange or other entity which supplies data used in the provision of the Custodian’s services to the Client, including without limitation pricing data of the type referenced in Clause 9.2 of the Agreement.

 

“Disclosing Party” means a party that discloses Confidential Information to the other party;

 

“Disclosing Party Personal Data” means Client Personal Data or Custodian’s Personal Data, as the context permits;

 

Equivalent Law means the laws and/or regulations of any country outside the EEA that are intended to provide equivalent protections for Personal Data (or the nearest equivalent term under applicable data protection law and/or regulation) of Data Subjects as the GDPR, including without limitation, the data protection laws of Jersey, Macau, Morocco, Switzerland and the United Kingdom;

 

“GDPR” means the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and any laws and/or regulations implementing or made pursuant to such regulation;

 

“Market Infrastructure Provider” means a Clearance System or other third party which forms part of a payment system infrastructure, including without limitation communications, clearing or payment systems and intermediary banks or correspondent banks but excluding any third parties that have been appointed as agents by Custodian Recipients in connection with this Agreement;

 

“Permitted Purposes” in relation to the Custodian’s use of the Client’s Confidential Information means the following purposes: (A) to provide Accounts and services under the Agreement to the Client in accordance with the Agreement; (B) to undertake activities related to the provision of Accounts and services under the Agreement, such as, by way of non-exhaustive example: 1) to fulfil foreign and domestic legal, regulatory and compliance requirements (including US anti-money laundering obligations applicable to the Custodian’s parent companies) and comply with any applicable treaty or agreement with or between foreign and domestic governments applicable to any of the Custodian, Custodian Affiliates and their agents or Market Infrastructure Providers; 2) to verify the identity of Client representatives who contact the Custodian or may be contacted by the Custodian; 3) for risk assessment, information security management, statistical, trend analysis and planning purposes; 4) to monitor and record calls and electronic communications with the Client for quality, training, investigation and fraud prevention purposes; 5) for crime detection, prevention, investigation and prosecution; 6) to enforce or defend the Custodian’s or Custodian Affiliates’ rights; and 7) to manage the Custodian’s relationship with the Client, which may include providing information to Client and Client Affiliates about the Custodian’s and Custodian Affiliates’ products and services; (C) the purposes set out in Condition 5 (Authorised Disclosures); (D) any additional purposes expressly authorised by the Client; and (E) any additional purposes as may be notified to the Client or Data Subjects in any notice provided by, or upon the instruction of, the Custodian pursuant to Condition 7.6.2;

 

     

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“Permitted Purposes” in relation to the Client’s use of the Custodian’s Confidential Information means the following purposes: to enjoy the benefit of, enforce or defend its rights and perform its obligations in connection with the receipt of Accounts and services from the Custodian in accordance with the Agreement, and to manage the Client’s relationship with the Custodian;

 

“Personal Data” means any information that can be used, directly or indirectly, alone or in combination with other information, to identify a Data Subject, or, if different, the meaning given to this term or nearest equivalent term under applicable Data Protection Law;

 

“Processing” means any operation or set of operations which is performed on Personal Data or on sets of Personal Data, whether or not by automated means, such as collection, recording, organization, structuring, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, restriction, erasure or destruction, or, if different, the meaning given to this term or nearest equivalent term under applicable Data Protection Law;

 

“Receiving Party” means a party that receives Confidential Information from the other party;

 

“Related Party” means any natural person or entity, or branch thereof, that: (i) owns, directly or indirectly, stock of the Client, if the Client is a corporation, (ii) owns, directly or indirectly, profits, interests or capital interests in the Client, if the Client is a partnership, (iii) is treated as the owner of the Client, if the Client is a “grantor trust” under sections 671 through 679 of the United States Internal Revenue Code or is of equivalent status under any similar law of any jurisdiction, domestic or foreign, (iv) holds, directly or indirectly, beneficial interests in the Client, if the Client is a trust; or (v) exercises control over the Client directly or indirectly through ownership or any arrangement or other means, if the Client is an entity, including: (a) a settlor, protector or beneficiary of a trust; (b) a person who ultimately has a controlling interest in the Client; (c) a person who exercises control over the Client through other means; or (d) the senior managing official of the Client;

 

“Representatives” means a party’s officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, professional advisers and Third Party Service Providers;

 

“Security Incident” means an incident whereby the confidentiality of Disclosing Party Personal Data within Receiving Party’s custody or control has been materially compromised so as to pose a reasonable likelihood of harm to the Data Subjects involved; and

 

“Third Party Service Provider” means a third party reasonably selected by the Receiving Party or its Affiliate to provide services to or for the benefit of the Receiving Party, and who is not a Market Infrastructure Provider.  Examples of Third Party Service Providers include technology service providers, business process outsourcing service providers and call centre service providers.

 

     

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 ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

 

Exhibit 99(h)(1)

 

Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc.

 

IMAGE

 

FUND SERVICES AGREEMENT

 

Administration Services

 

Between

 

Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc.

 

and

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

March 24, 2020

 

Exhibit A – Series Portfolios

Exhibit B – Administrative Services

Exhibit C – Fees and Expenses

 

 
 

 FUND SERVICES AGREEMENT

 

AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of March 24, 2020, between Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc., a corporation organized in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia (“CFS”) and ETF Opportunities Trust, a statutory trust organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Trust”).

 

WITNESSETH:

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is registered as an open-end, management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and consists of one more series portfolios listed on Exhibit A (the “Funds”), each of which may consist of one or more classes of shares of beneficial interest; and

 

WHEREAS, the Trust wishes to retain CFS to provide certain administration and other general services (the “Services”) with respect to the Funds and CFS is willing to furnish such Services;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants contained herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.        Appointment.

 

The Trust hereby appoints CFS as administrator for the Trust on the terms and conditions set forth in this agreement, and CFS hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the Services as set forth in this Agreement. The Services of CFS shall be confined to those matters expressly set forth herein or as may be agreed to from time to time, and no implied duties are assumed by or may be asserted against CFS hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent the Trust determines that it would be appropriate to engage another service provider (either directly or through CFS) as the , sub-administrator, CFS responsibilities with respect to such function shall be confined to overseeing such function – any such relationship shall be noted and described in Exhibit C to this Agreement.

 

Section 2.        Representations and Warranties of CFS.

 

CFS hereby represents and warrants to the Trust that:

 

(a)        It is a corporation duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia;

 

(b)        It is duly qualified to carry on its business in the Commonwealth of Virginia;

 

(c)        It is empowered under applicable laws and by its By-Laws to enter into this Agreement and perform its duties under this Agreement;

 

(d)       All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into this Agreement and perform its duties under this Agreement;

 

(e)        It has access to the necessary facilities, equipment, and personnel to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement; and,

 

This Agreement, when executed and delivered, will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of CFS, enforceable against CFS in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and securities parties.

 

 
 

Section 3.        Representations and Warranties of the Trust.

 

The Trust hereby represents and warrants to CFS that:

 

(a)        It is a statutory trust duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of Delaware;

 

(b)        It is empowered under applicable laws and by its organizational documents to enter into this Agreement and perform its duties under this Agreement;

 

(c)        All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into this Agreement and perform its duties under this Agreement;

 

(d)       It is an open-end management investment company registered under the 1940 Act;

 

(e)        This Agreement, when executed and delivered, will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Trust, enforceable against the Trust in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties; and

 

(f)        A registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is currently effective and will remain effective, and appropriate state securities laws filings have been made and will continue to be made, with respect to all shares of the Funds and any classes thereof being offered for sale.

 

Section 4.        Trust Reports to CFS Delivery of Documents and Other Materials.

 

The Trust shall furnish or otherwise make available to CFS such copies of each Fund’s prospectus, statement of additional information, financial statements, proxy statements, shareholder reports, each current plan of distribution or similar document adopted by the Trust under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, each current shareholder services plan or similar document adopted by the Fund, each Fund’s net asset value per share, declaration, record and payment dates, amounts of any dividends or income, special actions relating to each Fund’s securities and other information relating to the Trust’s business and affairs as CFS may, at any time or from time to time, reasonably require in order to discharge its obligations under this Agreement. CFS shall maintain such information as required by regulation and as agreed upon between the Trust and CFS. The Trust will complete all necessary prospectus and compliance reports, as well as monitoring the various limitations and restrictions.

 

Section 5.        Services Provided by CFS.

 

(a)        CFS will provide, or supervise the performance of others, the Services described herein subject to the direction and supervision of the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”), and in compliance with the objectives, policies and limitations set forth in the Trust’s currently effective Registration Statement, Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, applicable laws and regulations, and all resolutions, policies and procedures adopted by the Board, and further subject to CFS’s policies and procedures as in effect from time to time. CFS shall be responsible for all necessary office space, equipment, personnel, and facilities necessary for it to perform its obligations under this Agreement. CFS may sub-contract with third parties to perform certain of the Services to be performed by CFS hereunder; provided, however, that CFS shall remain principally responsible to the Trust for the acts and omissions of such other entities and provided further that CFS shall be responsible for the payment of such third parties unless the Board approves such payment in a separate agreement or otherwise approves passing the costs associated with such third party onto the Funds as an out-of-pocket expense of CFS.

 

 
 

Except with respect to CFS’s duties as set forth in this Agreement, and except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Trust assumes all responsibility for ensuring that each Fund complies with all applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the 1940 Act, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, and any other laws, rules and regulations, or interpretations thereof, of governmental authorities with jurisdiction over each Fund.

 

 

(i)

Administrative Services – set forth in Exhibit B.

 

CFS shall be responsible for promptly communicating any conflicts between its policies and procedures in effect from time to time and the resolutions, policies and procedures adopted by the Board.

 

(b)        CFS shall keep records relating to the Services to be performed hereunder in the form and manner, and for such period, as it may deem advisable and is agreeable to the Trust, but not inconsistent with the rules and regulations of appropriate government authorities, in particular, Section 31 of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder. CFS agrees that all such records prepared or maintained by CFS relating to the Services to be performed by CFS hereunder are the property of the Trust and will be preserved, maintained, and made available in accordance with such applicable sections and rules of the 1940 Act and will be promptly surrendered to the Trust or its designee on and in accordance with its request. The Trust and the Trust’s authorized representatives shall have access to CFS’s records relating to the Services under this Agreement at all times during CFS’s normal business hours. Upon the reasonable request of the Trust, copies of any such records shall be provided promptly by CFS to the Trust or the Trust’s authorized representatives.

 

Section 6.        Compensation and Expenses

 

(a)        Compensation. The Trust agrees to pay CFS as compensation for its services according to the fee schedule set forth in Schedule C hereto. Fees will begin to accrue for each Fund on the later of the date of this Agreement or the date of commencement of operations of the Fund. If fees begin to accrue in the middle of a month or if this Agreement terminates before the end of any month, all fees for the period from that date to the end of that month or from the beginning of that month to the date of termination, as the case may be, shall be prorated according to the proportion that the period bears to the full month in which the effectiveness or termination occurs. Upon the termination of this Agreement with respect to a Fund, the Fund shall pay to CFS such compensation as shall be payable prior to the effective date of termination.

 

In addition, the Trust shall reimburse CFS from the assets of each Fund certain reasonable expenses incurred by CFS on behalf of each Fund individually in connection with the performance of this Agreement. Such out-of-pocket expenses shall include, but not be limited to: documented fees and costs of obtaining advice of Fund counsel or accountants in connection with its services to each Fund; postage; long distance telephone; special forms required by each Fund; any economy class travel which may be required in the performance of its duties to each Fund; and any other extraordinary expenses it may incur in connection with its services to each Fund, provided that such extraordinary expenses must be approved by the Board prior to any reimbursement.

 

In connection with the services provided by CFS pursuant to this Agreement, the Trust, on behalf of each Fund, agrees to reimburse CFS for expenses set forth in Schedule C hereto. In addition, the Trust, on behalf of the applicable Fund, shall reimburse CFS for all reasonable expenses and employee time (at 150% of salary) attributable to any review of the Trust’s accounts and records by the Trust’s independent accountants or any regulatory body outside of routine and normal periodic reviews.

 

 
 

(b)        Taxes. Except as required by applicable law or as otherwise provided in this Agreement, CFS shall not be liable for any taxes, assessments or governmental charges that may be levied or assessed on any basis whatsoever in connection with the Trust or any customer, excluding taxes, if any, assessed against CFS related to its income or assets.

 

(c)        Invoices/Billing. All fees and reimbursements are payable in arrears on a monthly basis and the Trust, on behalf of the applicable Fund, agrees to pay all fees and reimbursable expenses within five (5) business days following receipt of the respective billing notice. Without prejudice to CFS’s other rights, CFS reserves the right to charge interest on overdue amounts (except to the extent the amount is subject to a bona fide dispute) from the due date until actual payment at an annual rate equal to the sum of the overnight Fed Funds rate as in effect from time to time plus 2 percentage points.

 

Section 7.        Confidentiality.

 

CFS agrees on behalf of itself and its employees to treat confidentially all records and other information relative to the Trust and its shareholders received by CFS in connection with this Agreement, including any non-public personal information as defined in Regulation S-P, and that it shall not use or disclose any such information except for the purpose of carrying out the terms of this Agreement; provided, however, that CFS may disclose such information as required by law or in connection with any requested disclosure to a regulatory authority with appropriate jurisdiction after prior notification to the Trust.

 

The Trust acknowledges that the databases, computer programs, screen formats, report formats, interactive design techniques, and documentation manuals maintained by CFS on databases under the control and ownership of CFS or a third party constitute copyrighted, trade secret, or other proprietary information (collectively, “Proprietary Information”) of substantial value to CFS or the third party. The Trust agrees to treat all Proprietary Information as proprietary to CFS and further agrees that it shall not divulge any Proprietary Information to any person or organization except as may be provided under this Agreement.

 

Upon termination of this Agreement, CFS shall return to the Trust all copies of confidential or non-public personal information received from the Trust hereunder, other than materials or information required to be retained by CFS under applicable laws or regulations. CFS hereby agrees to dispose of any “consumer report information,” as such term is defined in Regulation S-P.

 

Section 8.        Standard of Care / Limitation of Liability.

 

(a)        Responsibility for Losses. CFS shall be under no duty to take any action on behalf of a Fund except as necessary to fulfill its duties and obligations as specifically set forth herein or as may be specifically agreed to by CFS in writing. CFS shall at all times act in good faith and agrees to use its best efforts within reasonable limits to ensure the accuracy of all services performed under this Agreement, but assumes no responsibility for any loss arising out of any act or omission in carrying out its duties hereunder, except a loss resulting from CFS, its employees’ or its agents’ willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of CFS’s duties under this Agreement, or by reason of reckless disregard of CFS, its employees’ or its agents’ obligations and duties hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the limitation on CFS’s liability shall not apply to the extent any loss or damage results from any fraud committed by CFS or any intentionally bad or malicious acts (that is, acts or breaches undertaken purposefully under circumstances in which the person acting knows or has reason to believe that such act or breach violates such person’s obligations under this Agreement or can cause danger or harm) of CFS.

 

 
 

Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or of any other provision of this Agreement, (i) CFS shall not be liable for losses beyond its control, provided that CFS has acted in accordance with the standard of care set forth above; and (ii) CFS shall not be liable for (A) the validity or invalidity or authority or lack thereof of any oral or written instructions provided by the Fund, notice or other instrument which conforms to the applicable requirements of this Agreement, and which CFS reasonably believes to be genuine; or (B) subject to Section 15, delays or errors or loss of data occurring by reason of circumstances beyond CFS’s control, including fire, flood, catastrophe, acts of God, insurrection, war, riots or failure of the mails, transportation, communication or power supply.

 

(b)        Limitations on Liability.

 

 

(i)

CFS is responsible for the performance of only those duties as are expressly set forth herein and in the Exhibits and Schedules as they may be amended from time to time. CFS will have no implied duties or obligations. Each party to the Agreement shall mitigate damages for which the other party may become responsible hereunder.

 

 

(ii)

CFS shall have no responsibility to review, confirm or otherwise assume any duty with respect to the accurateness or completeness of any instruction or any other information it receives from a Fund, and shall be without liability for any loss or damage suffered by a Fund or any of a Fund’s customers as a result of CFS’s reasonable reliance on and utilization of any such instruction or other such information. For the avoidance of doubt, CFS shall not be liable and shall be indemnified by the Trust for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith in reliance on any instruction believed by it in good faith to have been authorized by an authorized person.

 

 

(iii)

CFS shall have no responsibility and shall be without liability for any loss or damage caused by the failure of the Trust to provide CFS with any information.

 

 

(iv)

CFS is not responsible for the acts, omissions, defaults or insolvency of any third party including, but not limited to, any investment advisers, custodians, intermediaries or non-discretionary subcontractors.

 

 

(v)

CFS shall have no responsibility for the management of the investments or any other assets of the Trust or its customers, and CFS shall have no obligation to review, monitor or otherwise ensure compliance by a Fund with the policies, restrictions, guidelines or disclosures applicable to the Fund or any other term or condition of the original documents, operating documents, policies and procedures or registration statement. Further, CFS shall have no liability to the Trust for any loss or damage suffered by the Trust as a result of any breach of the investment policies, objectives, guidelines or restrictions applicable to the Trust or any misstatement or omission in the registration statement.

 

 

(vi)

Except as set forth in the exhibits hereto, the Trust acknowledges that the reporting obligations of CFS do not constitute a duty to monitor compliance and CFS shall not be liable for any failure of the Fund to comply with any laws, regulations or other applicable requirements thereof.

 

 

(vii)

CFS shall not be liable for the errors of other service providers of the Trust, including the errors of pricing services (other than to pursue all reasonable claims against the pricing service based on the pricing services’ standard contracts entered into by CFS) and errors in information provided by an investment adviser to a Fund custodian (including prices and pricing formulas and untimely transmission of trade information).

 

 

 
 

 

(viii)

CFS will not be responsible or liable for any loss or damage arising from the misuse or sharing of online access by any authorized person of the Trust who has been issued a User ID by CFS.

 

 

(ix)

Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, CFS hereby disclaims all representations and warranties, express or implied, made to the Trust or any other person, including, without limitation, any warranties regarding quality, suitability or otherwise (irrespective of any course of dealing, custom or usage of trade), of any services or any goods provided incidental to services provided under this Agreement. CFS disclaims any warranty of title or non-infringement except as otherwise set forth in this Agreement.

 

(c)        Mutual Exclusion of Consequential Damages. Except for any liquidated damages agreed to by the parties to this Agreement related to an unexcused termination of this Agreement, under no circumstances will either party be liable to the other party for special or punitive damages, or consequential loss or damage, or any loss of profits, goodwill, business opportunity, business, or revenue or anticipated savings, in relation to this Agreement, whether or not the relevant loss was foreseeable, or the party was advised of the possibility of such loss or damage or that such loss was in contemplation of the other party.

 

(d)       Limited Recourse. CFS hereby acknowledges that a Fund’s obligations hereunder with respect to the Fund are binding only on the assets and property belonging to the Fund. The obligations of the parties hereunder shall not be binding upon any of the Trustees, shareholders, nominees, officers, agents or employees of the Fund personally, but shall bind only the property of the Fund. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by such officers shall not be deemed to have been made by any of them individually or to impose any liability on any of them personally, but shall bind only the Fund’s property.

 

            Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the parties agree that the assets and liabilities of each Fund of the Trust are separate and distinct from the assets and liabilities of each other series portfolios of the Trust and that no series shall be liable or shall be charged for any debt, obligation or liability of any other Fund, whether arising under this Agreement or otherwise.

 

Section 9.        Indemnification.

 

Indemnification by the Funds. Each Fund shall indemnify CFS and hold it harmless from and against any and all losses, damages and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, incurred by CFS that result from: (i) any claim, action, suit or proceeding in connection with CFS’s entry into or performance of this Agreement with respect to such Fund; or (ii) any action taken or omission to act committed by CFS in the performance of its obligations hereunder with respect to such Fund; or (iii) any action of CFS upon instructions believed in good faith by it to have been executed by a duly authorized officer or representative of the Trust with respect to such Fund; (iv) the offer or sale of shares of the Funds in violation of federal or state securities laws or regulations requiring that such shares be registered or in violation of any stop order or other determination or ruling by any federal or any state agency with respect to the offer or sale of such shares; (v) the processing of any checks or wires, including without limitation for deposit into the Trust’s demand deposit account maintained by CFS; (vi) the breach of any representation or warranty set forth in Section 3 above; or (vii) any error, omission, inaccuracy or other deficiency of any information provided to CFS by the Trust, or the failure of the Trust to provide or make available any information requested by CFS knowledgeably to perform its functions hereunder; provided, that CFS shall not be entitled to such indemnification in respect of actions or omissions constituting gross negligence, bad faith or willful misfeasance in the performance of its duties, or by reckless disregard of such duties, on the part of CFS or its employees, agents or contractors.

 

 
 

The reliance upon, and any subsequent use of or action taken or omitted, by CFS, or its agents or subcontractors on: (i) the materials or any other information, records, documents, data, stock certificates or services, which are received by CFS or its agents or subcontractors by machine readable input, facsimile, CRT data entry, electronic instructions or other similar means authorized by a Fund, and which have been prepared, maintained or performed by the Trust or any other person or firm on behalf of the Trust; (ii) any instructions or requests of the Trust or any of its officers; (iii) any instructions or opinions of legal counsel with respect to any matter arising in connection with the services to be performed by CFS under this Agreement which are provided to CFS after consultation with such legal counsel; or (iv) any paper or document, reasonably believed to be genuine, authentic, or signed by the proper person or persons;

 

(a)        Indemnification by CFS. CFS shall indemnify each Fund and hold it harmless from and against any and all losses, damages and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, incurred by such Fund which result from: (i) CFS’s failure to comply with the terms of this Agreement with respect to such Fund; or (ii) CFS’s bad faith or willful misfeasance in performing its obligations hereunder with respect to such Fund; or (iii) CFS’s gross negligence or misconduct or that of its employees, agents or contractors in connection herewith with respect to such Fund.

 

In order that the indemnification provisions contained in this Section 9 shall apply, upon the assertion of an indemnification claim, the party seeking the indemnification shall promptly notify the other party of such assertion, and shall keep the other party advised with respect to all developments concerning such claim. The Trust shall have the option to participate with CFS in the defense of such claim or to defend against said claim in its own name or that of CFS. The party seeking indemnification shall in no case confess any claim or make any compromise in any case in which the other party may be required to indemnify it except with the indemnifying party’s written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

 

Section 10.      Term and Termination.

 

This Agreement shall remain in effect with respect to a Fund from the “Effective Date” until the “End Date,” each as set forth in Exhibit A to this Agreement (the “Initial Term”); thereafter, this Agreement shall automatically renew for a period of one year and continue in effect from year to year thereafter (the initial and any subsequent such periods are referred to as “Term”).

 

This Agreement may be terminated by either party at any time, without the payment of a penalty upon at least ninety (90) days’ written notice to other party prior to the end of the then current Term. Any termination shall be effective as of the date specified in the notice or upon such later date as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties. Upon notice of termination of this Agreement by either party, CFS shall promptly transfer to the successor administrator the original or copies of all books and records maintained by CFS under this Agreement including, in the case of records maintained on computer systems, copies of such records in machine-readable form, and shall cooperate with, and provide reasonable assistance to, the successor administrator in the establishment of the books and records necessary to carry out the successor administrator’s responsibilities. If this Agreement is terminated by the Trust, the Trust shall be responsible for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses or costs associated with the movement of records and materials to the successor administrator. Additionally, CFS reserves the right to charge for any other reasonable expenses associated with such termination.

 

 

 

Section 11.      Notices.

 

(a)           Any notice required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given and effective when delivered in person or by certified mail, return receipt requested, at the following address (or such other address as a party may specify by notice to the other):

 

 

(i)

If to the Trust, to:

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205

Richmond, Virginia 23235

Attention: President

 

With copy to:

 

Practus, LLP

11300 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 310

Leawood, Kansas 66211

Attention: John H. Lively

 

 

(ii)

If to CFS, to:

 

Commonwealth Fund Services, Inc.

8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205

Richmond, Virginia 23235

Attention: President

 

(b)           Notice also shall be deemed given and effective upon receipt by any party or other person at the preceding address (or such other address as a party may specify by notice to the other) if sent by regular mail, private messenger, courier service, telex, facsimile, or otherwise, if such notice bears on its first page in 14 point (or larger) bold type the heading “Notice Pursuant to Fund Services Agreement.”

 

Section 12.      Assignment.

 

No party may assign or transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the other’s prior written consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. This Agreement shall insure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties and their respective permitted successors and assigns. For the avoidance of doubt, a transaction involving a merger or sale of substantially all of the assets of a Fund shall not require the written consent of CFS.

 

Section 13.      Holidays.

 

Except as required by laws and regulations governing investment companies, nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to or shall require CFS, in any capacity hereunder, to perform any functions or duties on any holiday or other day of special observance on which CFS is closed. Functions or duties normally scheduled to be performed on such days shall be performed on, and as of, the next business day on which both the Trust and CFS are open. CFS will be open for business on days when the Trust is open for business and/or as otherwise set forth in each Fund’s prospectus(es) and Statement(s) of Additional Information.

 

 
 

Section 14.      Waiver.

 

Any term or provision of this Agreement may be waived at any time by the party entitled to the benefit thereof by written instrument executed by such party. No failure of either party hereto to exercise any power or right granted hereunder, or to insist upon strict compliance with any obligation hereunder, and no custom or practice of the parties with regard to the terms of performance hereof, will constitute a waiver of the rights of such party to demand full and exact compliance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

Section 15.      Force Majeure.

 

In the event either party is unable to perform its obligations under the terms of this Agreement because of acts of God, acts of war or terrorism, strikes, equipment or transmission failure or damage reasonably beyond its control, or other causes reasonably beyond its control, such party shall not be liable for damages to the other for any damages resulting from such failure to perform or otherwise from such causes; provided, however, that this provision shall not imply that CFS is excused from maintaining reasonable business continuity plans to address potential service outages.

 

Section 16.      Amendments.

 

This Agreement may be modified or amended from time to time by mutual written agreement between the parties. No provision of this Agreement may be changed, discharged or terminated verbally, but only by an instrument in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the change, discharge or termination is sought. The compensation stated in Schedule E attached hereto may be adjusted from time to time by the execution of a new schedule signed by the parties thereto.

 

Section 17.      Severability.

 

If any part, term or provision of this Agreement is held to be illegal, in conflict with any law or otherwise invalid, the remaining portion or portions shall be considered severable and not be affected, and the rights and obligations of the parties shall be construed and enforced as if the Agreement did not contain the particular part, term or provision held to be illegal or invalid.

 

Section 18.      Headings.

 

Titles to clauses of this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and will be disregarded in construing the language contained in this Agreement.

 

Section 19.      Counterparts.

 

This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

Section 20.      No Strict Construction.

 

The language used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties hereto to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against any party.

 

Section 21.      Entire Agreement; Governing Law.

 

This Agreement, the Exhibits and Schedules hereto, and any subsequent amendments of the foregoing embody the entire understanding between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior negotiations and agreements between the parties relating to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed to be in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia, without reference to choice of law principles thereof, and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act. To the extent that the applicable laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia, or any of the provisions herein, conflict with the applicable provision of the 1940 Act, the latter shall control.

 

 

 

Section 22.      Services Not Exclusive.

 

The services of CFS to the Trust are not deemed exclusive, and CFS shall be free to render similar services to others, to the extent that such service does not affect CFS’s ability to perform its duties and obligations hereunder.

 

Section 23.      Special or Consequential Damages.

 

Neither party to this Agreement shall be liable to the other party for special or consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement.

 

Section 24.      Reliance on Trust Instructions and Experts.

 

CFS may rely upon the written advice of the Trust and upon statements of the Trust’s legal counsel, accountants and other person believed by it in good faith to be expert in matters upon which they are consulted, and CFS shall not be liable for any actions taken in good faith upon such statements.

 

Section 25.      Survival.

 

The obligations of Sections 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 17, 21, 23, 24 and this 25 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.

 

*          *          *          *          *          *          *          *

 

Signature Page Follows

 

*          *          *          *          *          *          *          *

 

 
 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Fund Services Agreement to be signed by their respective duly authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

 

 

 

COMMONWEALTH FUND SERVICES, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

Date: March 24, 2020

 

Print Name: Karen M. Shupe

 

Title: Managing Director

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

 

WITH RESPECT TO THE FUNDS IDENTIFIED ON EXHIBIT A

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

Date: March 24, 2020

     

Print Name: David A. Bogaert

 

 

 

 

 

Title: President

 

 

 

 
 

EXHIBIT A

to

Fund Services Agreement

 

List of Funds

 

Fund Name

Effective Date

End Date of Initial Term

American Conservative Values ETF

April 1, 2020

March 30, 2023

American Conservative Values Small Cap ETF

April 1, 2020

March 30, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

EXHIBIT B

 

To

 

Fund Services Agreement

 

Administrative Services

 

1.

Subject to the direction and control of the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) of the Trust, CFS shall manage all aspects of each Fund’s operations with respect to each Fund except those that are the specific responsibility of any other service provider hired by the Trust, all in such manner and to such extent as may be authorized by the Board.

 

2.

Oversee the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to each Fund by others, including its custodian, fund accounting agent, transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent as well as legal, auditing, shareholder servicing and other services performed for each Fund, including:

 

 

(a)

The preparation and maintenance by each Fund’s custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and fund accountant in such form, for such periods and in such locations as may be required by applicable law, of all documents and records relating to the operation of each Fund required to be prepared or maintained by the Trust or its agents pursuant to applicable law.

 

 

(b)

The reconciliation of account information and balances among each Fund’s custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and fund accountant.

 

 

(c)

The transmission of purchase and redemption orders for shares.

 

 

(d)

The performance of fund accounting, including the accounting services agent’s calculation of the net asset value (“NAV”) of each Fund’s shares.

 

3.

For new series or classes, obtain CUSIP numbers, as necessary, and estimate organizational costs and expenses and monitor against actual disbursements.

 

4.

Prepare and assist with reports for the Board as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties.

 

5.

Prepare quarterly and annual Code of Ethics forms for: (i) disinterested Board members; and (ii) officers of the Trust, if any, that are also employees of CFS, including a review of returned forms against portfolio holdings and reporting to the Board.

 

6.

Prepare and mail annual Trustees’ and Officers’ questionnaires.

 

7.

Maintain general Board calendars and regulatory filings calendars.

 

8.

As mutually agreed to by the parties, prepare updates to and maintain copies of the Trust’s trust instrument and by-laws.

 

9.

Coordinate with insurance providers, including soliciting bids for Trustees & Officers/Errors & Omissions insurance and fidelity bond coverage, coordinate the filing of fidelity bonds with the SEC and make related Board presentations.

 

10.

Advise the Trust and the Board on matters concerning each Fund and its affairs.

 

 
 

11.

With the assistance of the counsel to the Trust, the investment adviser, officers of the Trust and other relevant parties, prepare and disseminate materials for meetings of the Board on behalf of each Fund, and any committees thereof, including agendas and selected financial information as agreed upon by the Trust and CFS from time to time; attend and participate in Board meetings to the extent requested by the Board.

 

12.

Prepare and maintain each Fund’s operating expense budget to determine proper expense accruals to be charged to each Fund in order to calculate its daily NAV.

 

13.

In consultation with counsel for the Trust, assist in and oversee the preparation, filing, printing and where applicable, dissemination to shareholders of the following:

 

 

(a)

Amendments to each Fund’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A.

 

 

(b)

Periodic reports to each Fund’s shareholders and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including but not limited to annual reports and semi-annual reports.

 

 

(c)

Notices pursuant to Rule 24f-2.

 

 

(d)

Proxy materials.

 

 

(e)

Reports to the SEC on Form N-SAR, Form N-CSR, Form N-Q, and Form N-PX.

 

14.

Coordinate each Fund’s annual or SEC audit by:

 

 

(a)

Assisting each Fund’s independent auditors, or, upon approval of each Fund, any regulatory body in any requested review of each Fund’s accounts and records.

 

 

(b)

Providing appropriate financial schedules (as requested by each Fund’s independent public accountants or SEC examiners); and

 

 

(c)

Providing office facilities as may be required.

 

15.

Assist the Trust in the handling of routine regulatory examinations and work closely with the Trust’s legal counsel in response to any non-routine regulatory matters.

 

16.

Prepare, or cause to be prepared, expense and financial reports, including Fund budgets, expense reports, pro-forma financial statements, expense and profit/loss projections and fee waiver/expense reimbursement projections on a periodic basis.

 

17.

Authorize the payment of Fund expenses and pay, from Fund assets, all bills of each Fund.

 

18.

Assist each Fund in the selection of other service providers, such as independent accountants, law firms and proxy solicitors; and perform such other recordkeeping, reporting and other tasks as may be specified from time to time in the procedures adopted by the Board; provided that CFS need not begin performing any such task except upon 65 days’ notice and pursuant to mutually acceptable compensation agreements.

 

 
 

19.

Assist the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer with issues regarding the Trust’s compliance program (as approved by the Board in accordance with Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act) as reasonably requested.

 

20.

Perform certain compliance procedures for the Trust which will include, among other matters, monitoring compliance with personal trading guidelines by the Trust’s Board.

 

21.

Assist the Trust with its obligations under Section 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Rule 30a-2 under the 1940 Act, including the establishment and maintenance of internal controls and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that information prepared or maintained in connection with administration services provided hereunder is properly recorded, processed, summarized, or reported by CFS or its affiliates on behalf of the Trust so that it may be included in financial information certified by the Trust’s officers on Form N-CSR and Form N-Q.

 

22.

Prepare and file any claims in connection with class actions involving portfolio securities, handle administrative matters in connection with the litigation or settlement of such claims, and prepare a report to the Board regarding such matters.

 

23.

CFS shall provide such other services and assistance relating to the affairs of each Fund as the Trust may, from time to time, reasonably request pursuant to mutually acceptable compensation agreements.

 

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99(h)(2)

 

July 2017 Version 

 

 

 

 

SERVICES AGREEMENT

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

and

 

Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc.

 

and

 

Citibank, N.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Version – July 2017

 

 

 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

1.

Definitions and Interpretation

1

 

 

 

2.

SERVICES AND RELATED TERMS AND CONDITIONS

1

 

 

 

3.

Client communications

3

 

 

 

4.

COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS; ADVICE

3

 

 

 

5.

COMMUNICATIONS AND REPORTS TO CLIENT; RECORDS AND ACCESS; CONFIDENTIALITY; PUBLICITY

4

 

 

 

6.

SCOPE OF RESPONSIBILITY

7

 

 

 

7.

INDEMNITY

8

 

 

 

8.

FEES AND EXPENSES

10

 

 

 

9.

REPRESENTATIONS

10

 

 

 

10.

TERM AND TERMINATION

11

 

 

 

11.

GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

12

 

 

 

12.

MISCELLANEOUS

12

 

 

Schedule 1

Definitions

 

 

 

 

Schedule 2

Services (including Annex 1 to Schedule 2)

 

 

 

 

Schedule 3

Dependencies

 

 

 

 

Schedule 4

Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions

 

 

 

 

Schedule 5

Fee Schedule

 

 

 

Version – July 2017 

 
 

 

THIS SERVICES AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made on May 14, 2020, by and between ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Client”), Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. (“CFSO”), and Citibank, N.A. (“Citibank”, together with CFSO, the “Service Provider” or “Citi”and, with the Client, the “Parties”). If more than one Client has signed this Agreement, this Agreement shall be considered a separate agreement between the Service Provider and each Client, and no Client shall be (i) liable for the obligations of any other Client or (ii) entitled to the benefits conferred under this Agreement on any other Client.

 

 WHEREAS, the Client is authorized to issue shares (“Shares”) in separate portfolio or series of the Client (each, a “Fund,” and together with all other series subsequently established by the Client and made subject to this Agreement, the “Funds”);

 

WHEREAS, this Agreement shall apply to each Fund set forth on the annex to Schedule 2 attached hereto;

 

WHEREAS, the Client will issue and redeem Shares of each Fund only in aggregations of Shares known as “Creation Units”, as more fully described in the currently effective prospectus and statement of additional information of the Client and each Fund (collectively, the “Prospectus”);

 

WHEREAS, the Client desires to appoint CFSO as dividend disbursing agent and fund accountant of the assets of each Fund;

 

WHEREAS, the Client desires to appoint Citibank as transfer agent for the assets of each Fund; and

 

WHEREAS, Service Provider is willing to accept such appointment on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, mutually covenant and agree as follows:

 

1.

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

 

1.1

Definitions. Schedule 1 contains capitalized terms that have the meanings set forth therein. Other capitalized terms used but not defined in Schedule 1 will have the meanings set forth elsewhere in this Agreement.

 

1.2

Interpretation.

 

1.2.1 The schedules, exhibits and annexes to the Agreement are expressly made a part of this Agreement. In the event of any inconsistency between this Agreement and any schedule, exhibit or annex, the relevant terms of the schedule, exhibit or annex shall prevail; provided, that no provision of any such schedule, exhibit or annex shall prevail over clause 6 (Scope of Responsibility) or clause 7 (Indemnity) of this Agreement unless such provision specifically references such clause of this Agreement in relation to the provisions of such schedule, exhibit or annex intended to prevail over such clause.

 

1.2.2 The headings in this Agreement do not affect its interpretation.

 

1.2.3 A reference to: (i) any Party includes (where applicable) its lawful successors, permitted assigns and transferees; (ii) the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and (iii) any statute or regulation shall be construed as references to such statute or regulation as in force at the date of this Agreement and as subsequently re-enacted or revised.

 

2.

SERVICES AND RELATED TERMS AND CONDITIONS

 

2.1

Services; No Implied Duties. The Services provided by CFSO and Citibank are separately identified and described in Schedule 2. The Service Provider will perform the Services in accordance with and subject to the terms of this Agreement starting on the Effective Date and ending on the final day of the Term. The Services will be provided only on Business Days, and any functions or duties normally scheduled to be performed on any day that is not a Business Day will be performed on, and as of, the next Business Day. The Services are provided only with respect to the Client and the related Funds of the Client (if any) listed in an annex to Schedule 2, and the Service Provider shall have no obligation to provide Services to any Person (including any other Funds) unless the Service Provider has agreed to do so in a written amendment to Schedule 2 or a joinder, as contemplated by clause 12.1. The Service Provider is responsible for the performance of only those duties as are expressly set forth herein and in Schedule 2. The Service Provider will have no implied duties or obligations.

 

 
 Page 1
 

 

 

2.2

Service Changes. The Service Provider will not be obliged to change the Services unless it has agreed to do so pursuant to a written amendment to Schedule 2. Any change to the Services agreed to by the Service Provider (a “Service Change”) will be set forth in an amendment to Schedule 2, which amendment must specify (i) the timeline and dependencies, and the Parties’ respective obligations, for implementing the Service Change and (ii) any implementation or additional ongoing fees and expenses that may be required to effect such Service Change. The foregoing process is the “Change Control Process.” Client requests to change the Services necessitated by a change to the Client’s Organic Documents, Prospectus, Offering Documents or Policies and Procedures, or a change in applicable Law, will be subject to the Change Control Process. Without prejudice to the Change Control Process, the Client will promptly notify the Service Provider of any changes (or pending changes) in applicable Law with respect to the Client that are relevant to the Services.

 

2.3

Provision of Information; Cooperation. In order to permit the Service Provider to provide the Services, the Client agrees to provide, and to cause its employees and current and immediately preceding Agents to provide, to the Service Provider the information that the Service Provider may reasonably request in connection with the Services and this Agreement, including, without limitation, any Organic Documents, Prospectus, Offering Documents and Policies and Procedures of the Client and any amendments thereto.

 

2.4

Dependencies. The Service Provider will use reasonable efforts to provide the Services while any of the Dependencies specified in Schedule 3 subsist, provided that the Service Provider shall not be obliged to incur additional costs to do so.

 

2.5

Client Information. As between the Parties, the Client is responsible for the accuracy and completeness of, and the Service Provider has no obligation to review for accuracy or completeness of: (i) information contained in the Organic Documents, Prospectus, Offering Documents and any Policies and Procedures; and (ii) any data submitted to the Service Provider for processing by or on behalf of the Client. The Service Provider may charge the Client for additional work required to re-process any such incorrect data at its standard hourly rates or as set forth in the Schedule 5.

 

2.6

Use of Agents. The Service Provider is permitted to appoint Agents without the consent of the Client to perform any of the duties of the Service Provider under this Agreement. The Service Provider will use reasonable care in the selection and continued appointment of its Agents.

 

2.7

Other Services and Activities; Conflicts of Interest.

 

2.7.1 The Client acknowledges that the Service Provider and its Affiliates may provide services, including administration, advisory, banking and lending, broker dealer and other financial services, to the Client or to other Persons. The Client also acknowledges that the Service Provider may be (i) prohibited under applicable Law or contractually from disclosing to the Client any fact or thing that may come to the knowledge of the Service Provider or such Affiliates in the course of providing such services and (ii) “walled off” from facts or things that may come to the knowledge of its Affiliates in the course of providing such services, and therefore may be unable to make any such disclosures to the Client, and the Client agrees that neither the Service Provider nor such Affiliates will be required or expected under this Agreement to do so.

 

2.7.2 Among other things, the Service Provider or an Affiliate may receive or generate valuation information with respect to securities, products or services of the Client, and neither the Service Provider nor any Affiliate is under any obligation to disclose such information to the Client or any of the Client’s Investors. The Client acknowledges that neither the Service Provider nor any Affiliate is under any obligation to use any such information to assess or verify the accuracy of any information, including valuation information, that the Service Provider receives from the Client or from any Person specified in clause 6.3.5.

 

2.7.3 Subject to compliance with its confidentiality obligations hereunder, the Service Provider may acquire, hold or deal with, for its own account or for the account of other Persons, any shares or securities in which the Client is authorized to invest (for itself or its Investors), and the Service Provider will not be required to account to the Client for any profit arising therefrom.

 

2.8

AML/OFAC. The Client acknowledges that, unless included in the Services listed on Schedule 2, the Service Provider will not and shall have no duty or obligation to provide services relating to anti-money laundering (“AML”) compliance under the USA PATRIOT Act or compliance with any regulations or Executive Orders administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) in connection with the services provided under this Agreement. The Client acknowledges and agrees to maintain systems and controls reasonably designed to prevent the Client from dealing in securities which are subject to U.S. or other applicable sanctions. On reasonable request, the Client will provide the Service Provider with information regarding its sanctions systems and controls and its compliance with this representation.

 

 
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2.9

Withholding Taxes. Client acknowledges that Service Provider is not responsible pursuant to this Agreement for the withholding, deduction or payment of any U.S. federal withholding taxes. Client nevertheless acknowledges that Service Provider or other relevant parties (including counterparties or Investors) may be required by applicable law to pay, withhold or deduct amounts in respect of taxes in connection with the Services, and that such amounts may be due even where there is no corresponding payment of cash to Client or where there is a payment of cash from Client to a counterparty, Investor, or other person. Client authorizes Service Provider to pay, withhold or deduct any such amounts to the extent required or permitted by applicable law. For the avoidance of doubt, and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, Service Provider shall not be required to pay any additional amounts to Client or any counterparty or Investor in respect of such payment, deduction or withholding. If Service Provider determines that taxes are due in connection with the Services and have not been paid (through withholding or otherwise), Service Provider shall notify Client of such unpaid taxes and Client shall promptly make a payment in respect of such taxes to the Internal Revenue Service and shall deliver to Service Provider the original or a certified copy of a receipt evidencing such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to Service Provider.

 

3.

CLIENT COMMUNICATIONS

 

3.1

Authority. The Client authorizes the Service Provider to accept and act upon any communications, including Instructions and any form or document provided by an Authorized Person. The Client also authorizes the Service Provider to rely on the information and data it receives from any Persons specified in clause 6.3.5. The Client confirms that each Authorized Person is authorized to perform all lawful acts on behalf of the Client in connection with this Agreement including, but not limited to, (i) signing any agreements, declarations or other documents relating to the Services and (ii) providing any Instruction, until the Service Provider has received written notice or other notice acceptable to it of any change of an Authorized Person and the Service Provider has had a reasonable opportunity under the circumstances to act.

 

3.2

Instructions and Other Client Communications. The Client and the Service Provider shall comply with security procedures agreed from time to time by the Parties or, absent such agreement, other reasonable procedures used by the Service Provider, intended to establish the origination of the communication and the authority of the person sending any communication, including any Instruction. Depending upon the method of communication used by the Client, the security procedures may constitute one or more of the following measures: unique transaction identifiers, digital signatures, encryption algorithms or other codes, multifactor authentication, user entitlements, schedule validation or such other measures as in use for the communication method by the Client.

 

3.3

Authentication. Provided the Service Provider complies with the applicable security procedures, the Client agrees that the Service Provider will be entitled to treat any communication, including any Instruction, as having originated from an Authorized Person and the Service Provider may rely and act on that communication as authorized by the Client.

 

3.4

Errors, Duplication. The Client shall be responsible for errors or omissions made by the Client or the duplication of any Instruction by the Client.

 

3.5

Incomplete or Insufficient Instructions. The Service Provider may act on Instructions where the Service Provider reasonably believes the Instruction contains sufficient information. The Service Provider may decide not to act on an Instruction where it reasonably doubts its contents.

 

3.6

Recall, Amendment, Cancellation. If the Client requests the Service Provider to recall, cancel or amend an Instruction, the Service Provider shall, subject to applicable Law, use its reasonable efforts to comply.

 

3.7

MIFT. The Client expressly acknowledges that it is aware that a MIFT increases the risk of error, security, privacy issues and fraudulent activities. If the Service Provider acts on a MIFT and complies with the applicable security procedures, the Client shall be responsible for any costs, losses and other expenses suffered by the Client or the Service Provider.

 

4.

COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS; NO ADVICE

 

4.1

Compliance. The Service Provider will comply in all material respects with all Laws applicable to the delivery of the Services. The Client will comply in all material respects with all Laws applicable to the subject matter of the Services and the Client’s receipt of the Services. Nothing in this Agreement will oblige either Party to take any action that will breach any Law applicable to such Party, or to omit to take an action if such omission will breach any such Law. No communication from the Service Provider to the Client in connection with this Agreement or the Services should be construed as tax or legal advice, and no such communication can be used or relied upon by the Client or any other taxpayer (i) for the purpose of avoiding tax penalties under the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise or (ii) promoting, marketing or recommending to another party any transaction or matter discussed herein.

 

 
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4.2

No Fiduciary, etc. The Service Provider and its employees and Agents are not, under this Agreement, (i) acting as a fiduciary, certified public accountant or a broker or dealer, (ii) providing investment, accounting, valuation, legal or tax advice to the Client or any other Person, or (iii) providing investment advisory, portfolio management, risk management, depository, custodian or other services, including within the meaning of the AIFMD Regulations, to the Client or any other Person. The Service Provider shall not be required under this Agreement to take any action that would require licensing or registration to provide any of the foregoing services or perform any of the foregoing functions.

 

4.3

Laws Applicable to the Client. The Service Provider assumes no responsibility for compliance by the Client with any Laws applicable to the Client; and, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the Service Provider assumes no responsibility for (i) monitoring or ensuring that the Client’s Policies and Procedures reflect the requirements of applicable Law or (ii) compliance by the Client or the Service Provider with the Laws of any jurisdiction other than those governing this Agreement.

 

5.

COMMUNICATIONS AND REPORTS TO CLIENT; RECORDS AND ACCESS; CONFIDENTIALITY; PUBLICITY

 

5.1

Communications and Statements. Communications, notices and invoices from the Service Provider may be sent or made available by electronic form and not in hard copy. The Client will notify the Service Provider promptly in writing of anything incorrect in an invoice or periodic accounting or other report with respect to the Services (a “Report”) and, in any case, within sixty (60) days from the date on which the invoice or Report is sent or made available to the Client. Nothing herein is intended to prevent the Client from notifying the Service Provider of any errors or corrections in an invoice or Report beyond such time, provided that the Service Provider shall not be responsible for any losses caused by such delay in notification.

 

5.2

Records and Access; Audits.

 

5.2.1 Upon request, the Service Provider will provide its Service Organization Control (“SOC 1”) report issued under the Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements No. 18 (“SSAE 18”).

 

5.2.2 The Client agrees that it shall pay such charges for (a) document collection, duplication, review and retrieval and (b) making the Service Provider personnel available for extraordinary periods as the Service Provider may reasonably request in connection with audits, examinations or inspections. The Client acknowledges that such charges may include the fees and expenses of external counsel to the Service Provider.

 

5.2.3 [Omitted intentionally]

 

5.2.4 Upon termination of this Agreement, the Service Provider may retain archival copies of records of the Client maintained by the Service Provider as part of the Services (“Client Records”).

 

5.3

Confidentiality. Responsibilities of each Party relating to the privacy and confidentiality of information are set forth in the Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4, and the Parties agree to the terms specified in Schedule 4.

 

5.4

Service Provider IP. The Client acknowledges that: (i) as between the Client and the Service Provider, the Service Provider is the owner of all Service Provider IP; and (ii) the Service Provider has the right to use Service Provider IP to perform services for other Service Provider customers (including services that are similar or identical to those performed for the Client). Except as specifically set forth in clause 5: (a) this Agreement does not confer upon the Client any right, interest, claim, or title in or to any Service Provider IP; and (b) no license (whether express or implied) is granted to the Client, by estoppel or otherwise, to any Service Provider IP.

  

 
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5.5

Client IP; Licenses. The Service Provider acknowledges that, as between the Client and the Service Provider, the Client is the owner of all Client IP. The Client grants to the Service Provider a limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable, license to permit the Service Provider, its Affiliates and Agents, and its and their personnel to use the Client IP during the Term of this Agreement for the purpose of providing the Services and as otherwise contemplated by the Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions.

 

5.6

Service Provider Licenses.

 

5.6.1 The Service Provider grants to the Client a limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicenseable license during the Term of this Agreement to permit the Client’s officers, employees and Agents to access those Service Provider Systems described in Schedule 2 via telecommunications lines solely for the purpose of allowing, and only to the extent necessary to allow, the Client to receive the Services. The Client will ensure that any use of access to the Service Provider Systems or Software (as described below) by the Client’s officers, employees or Agents is in accordance with this Agreement and the user manuals, customer bulletins and terms and conditions of use that are related to the Service Provider Systems or the Services and created by the Service Provider from time to time (“System Documentation”) and noticed to the Client. This license does not include: (i) any right for the Client or any officer or employee of the Client to access any data on the Service Provider Systems other than Client Records; or (ii) any license to any Software, except to the extent provided in clause 5.6.2. If there is a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the System Documentation, the System Documentation shall prevail.

 

5.6.2 The receipt of certain Services identified in Schedule 2 may require the Client to directly access or use software that is owned by the Service Provider or licensed by the Service Provider from third parties (“Software”). The Service Provider grants to the Client a limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicenseable license, during the term of this Agreement, to permit the Client’s officers and employees to access and use the object code version of the Software solely for the purpose of allowing, and only to the extent necessary to allow, the Client to receive the Services. Except as authorized in writing by the Service Provider, the Client will not (and will not permit any officer, employee or Agent of the Client to): (i) disclose or distribute any Software (in any format) to any third party; (ii) permit any third party to access or use any Software (in any format) through any time-sharing service, service bureau, network, consortium, or other means; (iii) rent, lease, sell, sublicense, assign, or otherwise transfer its rights under the license granted in this clause 5.6.2 to any third party, whether by operation of law or otherwise; (iv) decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, or attempt to reconstruct or discover any source code or underlying ideas or algorithms of any Software by any means; (v) modify or alter any Software in any manner; (vi) create derivative works based on any Software; or (vii) directly or indirectly copy any Software.

 

5.6.3 The Client will not remove (or allow to be removed) any proprietary rights notices from any Software and will display the Software name and the names, logos, trademarks, trade names, and any copyright notices of the Service Provider and the Service Provider’s licensors, as set forth thereon or reasonably requested by the Service Provider.

 

5.6.4 The Client will comply with all applicable use, export, and re-export restrictions and regulations with respect to any use by the Client or the Client’s officers, employees or Agents of Software delivered or made available to the Client as contemplated by this clause 5.6.

 

5.6.5 The Service Provider reserves all rights in the Service Provider Systems and in the Software that are not expressly granted to Client in this clause 5.6.

 

5.7

Service Data. Service Provider may provide Client with pricing and other data (“Service Data”) licensed from third party suppliers, including various exchanges (collectively, “Data Suppliers”).

 

5.7.1 Accordingly, the Client acknowledges and agrees that Service Provider is licensed to provide such data only upon the following conditions: (i) it may not be used for any purpose independent of the service relationship established under this Service Agreement, and shall be used only internally (except, that Client may include a limited amount of Service Data (a) in fund performance reports sent to its clients relating to their actual investments and to its prospective clients, (b) in prospectuses and marketing materials, and (c) in order to fulfil a legal or regulatory requirement); (ii) no other external distribution of Service Data beyond that in clause (i) is permitted; (iii) Client will permit Data Suppliers and their affiliates reasonable access to audit Client’s use of data sourced from Data Suppliers; (iv) the Data Suppliers and their affiliates shall be third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement; and, (v) the Data Suppliers and their affiliates have no liability or responsibility to Client relating to Client’s receipt or use of the data.

  

 
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5.7.2 If Client engages a subadvisor to help manage certain of its funds, then, upon consent of Service Provider, such Client may distribute the Data Supplier’s Service Data to such subadvisor; provided, however, that Client must enter into a written agreement with subadvisor which requires the subadvisor to agree to the provisions set forth in clauses (i)-(v) of clause 5.7.1 above.

 

5.7.3 In addition to the foregoing, a Data Supplier may specify other terms or limitations applicable to Client’s use of their data (including Data Supplier policies (the “Data Supplier Policies”)) and Client shall comply with such Policies. A Data Supplier may amend the Policies, without notice, from time to time. A Data Supplier may, in its discretion, (x) direct Service Provider to terminate Client’s receipt of its data for any or no reason with or without notice; and (y) require Client to enter into an agreement with it directly as a condition of your receipt of its data.

 

5.7.4 The termination of a license agreement allowing Service Provider to provide the Service Data or of the Client’s rights to use Service Data may adversely affect the Services, and in such event any Service Provider obligation to provide such Service Data (or related data or reports) as part of the Services shall be terminated. In such event, the Parties shall work cooperatively and in good faith to implement alternative sources for Service Data, subject to the Change Control Process.

 

5.7.5 Data Suppliers make no warranties, express or implied, as to merchantability, accuracy, fitness for purpose, availability, completeness, timeliness or sequencing, or any other matter, in respect of Service Data used by the Service Provider to provide the Services, and neither does the Service Provider.

 

5.7.6 Data Suppliers shall have no liability whatsoever to the Client in respect of Service Data used by the Service Provider to provide the Services, and neither shall the Service Provider.

 

5.7.7 No copyright or any other intellectual property rights in the Service Data used or provided by the Service Provider to provide the Services are transferred to the Client.

 

5.7.8 The Client shall not use Service Data for any illegal purpose or in any manner not specifically authorized by this Agreement.

 

5.7.9 If Client is located in Australia, Client hereby represents that it is a wholesale client within the meaning of s761G or s761GA of the Australian Corporations Act.

 

5.8

Use of Name. Without the written consent of the Client, the Service Provider may use the name of the Client only (i) to sign any necessary letters or other documents for and on behalf of the Client incident to the delivery of the Services and (ii) in client lists used for marketing purposes. Subject to the foregoing, neither Party will publicly display the name, trade mark or service mark of the other Party or its Affiliates without the prior written approval of the other Party.

 

5.9

Communications to Investors. Without the written approval of the Service Provider, the Client will not describe the Services or the terms or conditions of this Agreement in any communication or document intended for distribution to any Investor in connection with the offering or sale by the Client of securities, products or services (an “Offering Document”); nor will the Client amend any such references to the Service Provider or the terms or conditions of this Agreement in any Offering Document that has been previously approved by the Service Provider without the Service Provider’s written approval. The Service Provider will not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay any of the foregoing requested approvals, provided that the Client include, upon request by the Service Provider, reasonable notices describing those terms of this Agreement relating to the Service Provider and its liability and the limitations thereon. If the Services include the distribution by the Service Provider of notices or statements to Investors, the Service Provider may, upon advance notice to the Client, include reasonable notices describing those terms of this Agreement relating to the Service Provider and its liability and the limitations thereon; if Investor notices are not sent by the Service Provider but rather by the Client or some other Person, the Client will reasonably cooperate with any request by the Service Provider to include such notices. The Client shall not, in any communications with Investors, whether oral or written, make any representations to its Investors stating or implying that the Service Provider is providing valuations with respect to the Client’s securities, products or services, verifying any valuations, or verifying the existence of any assets in connection with the Client’s securities, products or services.

  

 
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6.

SCOPE OF RESPONSIBILITY

 

6.1

Standard of Care. The Service Provider will perform its obligations with reasonable care as determined in accordance with the standards and practices of professionals for hire providing services similar to the Services in the jurisdiction(s) in which the Service Provider performs services under this Agreement (the “Standard of Care”).

 

6.2

[Responsibility for Losses. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary (including clause 6.1), (i) the Service Provider will not be liable to the Client for any damages or losses save for those resulting from the willful misconduct, fraud or gross negligence of the Service Provider or any Service Provider Agent as a result of the performance or non-performance by the Service Provider of its obligations and duties hereunder, (ii) the Service Provider shall not be liable to the Client for any damages or losses caused by the performance or non-performance of any Agent selected by the Service Provider with reasonable care, and (iii) the Service Provider’s liability will be subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement.

 

6.3

Limitations on Liability.

 

6.3.1 Upon the actual knowledge by any Party of the occurrence of any event relating to the provision of Services hereunder which may cause any loss, damage or expense to the Party, the Party shall as soon as reasonably practicable (i) notify the other Party of the occurrence of such event and (ii) use its commercially reasonable efforts to take reasonable steps under the circumstances to mitigate or reduce the effects of such event and to avoid continuing harm to it.

 

6.3.2 The Client understands and agrees that (i) the obligations and duties of the Service Provider under this Agreement are not obligations or duties of any other member of the Citi Organization and (ii) the rights of the Client with respect to the Service Provider extend only to the Service Provider and, except as provided by applicable Law, do not extend to any other member of the Citi Organization. For the avoidance of doubt, exculpatory references to the Service Provider in this clause 6 shall be deemed to include references to the directors, officers, employees, Agents and delegates of the Service Provider.

 

6.3.3 The Service Provider will not be liable for any failure to provide any Service in the following circumstances: (i) if any Dependency set forth in Schedule 3 is not met through no fault of the Service Provider; (ii) if the failure is at the request or with the consent of an Authorized Person; (iii) if any Law to which the Service Provider is subject prohibits or limits the performance of the Services; or (iv) if the failure results from a Force Majeure Event.

 

6.3.4 Subject to compliance by the Service Provider with its obligations in clause 3.2 with respect to authentication of Instructions, the Service Provider (i) shall have no responsibility to review, confirm or otherwise assume any duty with respect to the accurateness or completeness of any Instruction or any other information it receives from or on behalf of the Client or any Agent of the Client and (ii) shall be without liability for any loss or damage suffered by the Client or any of the Client’s Investors as a result of the Service Provider’s reliance on and utilization of any such Instruction or other such information. For the avoidance of doubt, the Service Provider shall not be liable and shall be indemnified by the Client for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith in reliance on any Instruction believed by it in good faith to have been authorized by an Authorized Person.

 

6.3.5 The Service Provider will not be responsible for the errors or failures to act of, or the inaccuracy or incompleteness of, any data supplied by, and have no obligation to review any data supplied by, any third party, including, without limitation, (i) Data Suppliers, (ii) clearance or settlement systems, (iii) any Persons who possess information about the Client or its Investors reasonably necessary for the Service Provider to provide the Services and with whom the Service Provider is required to engage or contract in order to receive such information, including, without limitation, Authorized Participants, investment advisers, intermediaries, or custodians that service the Client or any Investors and their respective Agents and employees; and (iv) third parties engaged by the Service Provider at the request of the Client to provide services to or for the benefit of the Client or its Investors, and such third parties will not be considered Agents of the Service Provider for purposes of this Agreement.

 

6.3.6 About any matter related to the Services, the Service Provider may seek advice from counsel or independent accountants of its own choosing (who may provide such services to either Party). Any costs related to such advice from external counsel or independent accountants will be borne by the Client. The Service Provider will not be liable if it relies on advice of counsel or independent accountants chosen or approved by the Client or chosen by the Service Provider with reasonable care.

 

 
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6.3.7 The Service Provider (i) shall have no responsibility for the management of the investments or any other assets of the Client or its Investors, and (ii) shall have no obligation to review, monitor or otherwise ensure compliance by the Client with the investment restrictions (regardless of whether such restrictions are imposed on the Client under applicable Law), policies, restrictions or guidelines applicable to the Client or any other term or condition of the Organic Documents, Prospectus, Offering Document, or Policies and Procedures. The Service Provider shall have no liability to the Client or any Person specified in clause 6.3.5 for any loss or damage suffered as a result of any breach of the investment policies, objectives, guidelines or restrictions applicable to the Client or any misstatement or omission in the Prospectus, Offering Document, or Policies and Procedures.

 

6.3.8 The Client acknowledges that the Service Provider (i) does not provide valuations with respect to discrete securities in which the Client may invest, and does not value the Client’s products or services, except that to the extent specifically set forth in Schedule 2 the Service Provider may calculate the value of a portfolio of securities and financial assets owned by the Client, (ii) does not verify any valuations provided to it by the Client or any other Person, and does not verify the existence of any assets in connection with Client’s securities, products or services but instead relies exclusively on information about valuations and the existence of assets provided to it by the Client, Data Suppliers and other third parties, and (iii) shall have no responsibility and shall be without liability for any loss or damage arising with respect to valuation or verification of discrete assets.

 

6.3.9 Except As Expressly Provided In This Agreement, The Service Provider Hereby Disclaims All Representations And Warranties, Express Or Implied, Made To The Client Or Any Other Person In Connection With The Services And This Agreement, Including, Without Limitation, Any Warranties Regarding Quality, Suitability Or Otherwise (Irrespective Of Any Course Of Dealing, Custom Or Usage Of Trade), Of Any Services Or Any Goods Provided Incidental To Services Provided Under This Agreement. The Client Acknowledges That It Has Not Relied On Any Oral Or Written Representation Made By The Service Provider Or Any Person On Its Behalf Other Than Those Contained In This Agreement.

 

6.3.10 Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the cumulative liability of the Service Provider to the Client for all losses, claims, suits, controversies, breaches or damages for any cause whatsoever arising out of or related to this Agreement, and regardless of the form of action or legal theory, shall not exceed the amount paid in fees by the Client (or, if applicable, by or on behalf of a Fund of the Client) in the twelve-month period preceding the date on which such loss, claim or damage occurred.

 

6.3.11 The Service Provider shall have no responsibility and shall be without liability for any loss or damage caused by the failure of the Client or Person specified in clause 6.3.5 to provide the Service Provider with any information required by clause 2.

 

6.3.12 The Client acknowledges that the reporting obligations of the Service Provider (if any) set forth in the Schedule 2 do not constitute a duty to monitor compliance by the Client, and the Service Provider shall not be liable for ensuring compliance by the Client, with any legislation, regulations, or exemptions from legislation or regulations of any jurisdiction applicable to the Client.

 

6.3.13 Notwithstanding anything else to the contrary, references to the term Service Provider shall not mean CFSO with respect to Services provided by Citibank and vice-versa; CFSO shall have no liability for Citibank’s actions or inactions, and Citibank shall have no liability for CFSO’s actions or inactions.

 

6.4

Mutual Exclusion of Consequential Damages. Except for any liquidated damages agreed by the parties related to an unexcused termination of this agreement and except for the Client’s indemnification obligations, (i) each party shall be liable to the other party only for direct damages for any liability arising under this Agreement and (ii) under no circumstances shall any party be liable to any other party for special or punitive damages, or indirect, incidental, consequential loss or damage, or any loss of profits, goodwill, business opportunity, business  revenue or anticipated savings in relation to this Agreement, whether arising out of breach of contract, tort (including negligence) or otherwise, regardless of whether the relevant loss was foreseeable or the party has been advised of the possibility of such loss or damage, or that such loss was in contemplation of the other party.

 

7.

INDEMNITY

 

7.1

Indemnity. The Client will indemnify the Service Provider, its affiliates and its and their respective officers, directors, employees and representatives (each an “Indemnitee”) for, and will defend and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, all losses, costs, damages and expenses (including reasonable legal fees) incurred by the Service Provider or such person in any action or proceeding between the Service Provider and the Client or between the Service Provider and any third party (including any Investor, or the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or any other competent regulatory, prosecuting, tax or governmental authority in any jurisdiction, domestic or foreign) arising from or in connection with the performance of this Agreement (each referred to as a “Loss”), imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against the Service Provider in connection with or arising out of the following:

 

 

 
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7.1.1 This Agreement, except any Loss resulting from the willful misconduct, fraud or gross negligence of the Service Provider or any of its Agents, in each case in connection with the Services; or

 

7.1.2 Any alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Offering Document of the Client or arising out of or based upon any alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated in any Offering Document or necessary to make the statements in any Offering Document not misleading, unless such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information furnished in writing to the Client by the Service Provider specifically for use in the Offering Document; or

 

7.1.3 The offer or sale of Creation Units in violation of federal or state securities laws or regulations requiring that such Creation Units be registered, or in violation of any stop order or other determination or ruling by any federal or state agency with respect to the offer or sale of such Creation Units;

 

7.1.4 All actions relating to the transmission of Creation Units or Authorized Participant data through the clearing systems of the National Securities Clearing Corporation, if applicable; or

 

7.1.5 Any act or omission of the Client, its Agents, or any Data Suppliers whose data, including records, reports and other information, including but not limited to information with respect to valuation and verification of assets, the Service Provider must rely upon in performing its duties hereunder, or as a result of acting upon any Instructions of the Client.

 

In particular, to the extent the Service Provider or any of its Affiliates pays or has paid from its own funds or is or becomes required to pay any amount that should have been, but was not deducted and withheld from a payment to the Client or to any Investor, or to or from the Client’s or any Investor’s account, or any account with respect to any requirement under the Code and Treasury Regulations, any inter-governmental agency, or any related law or guidance interpreting or implementing the same, the Client shall indemnify Service Provider or the relevant Affiliate in respect of such amount, plus any interest and penalties thereon. The Client understands that the Service Provider is not required to contest any demand made by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or any other governmental authority for such payment.

 

7.2

Notification, Participation; Indemnitor Consent. Upon the assertion of a claim for which the Client may be required to indemnify any Indemnitee, the Indemnitee must promptly notify the Client of such assertion, and will keep the Client advised with respect to all developments concerning such claim; provided, that any delay or failure by the Indemnitee in providing such notification shall only affect the Client’s obligations and duties hereunder to the extent the Client is materially prejudiced as a result of such delay or failure. The Indemnitee shall have the option to participate in the defense of such claim, or to defend against said claim, at its own expense.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing,

 

 

(i)

subject to clause (ii) below, the Service Provider may assume the defense of any claim at any time upon notice to the Client if (a) any such claim arises from a regulatory examination, investigation, inquiry or other regulatory action, proceeding or review of the Service Provider, (b) if the Service Provider determines that any such claim jeopardizes the Service Provider’s status under any registration or other Governmental Approval, (c) such claim is made by another client of the Service Provider, or (d) such claim seeks injunctive or other, similar relief that would require the Service Provider to take or refrain from taking any action; and

 

 

(ii)

under no circumstance shall any Indemnitee confess any claim or make any compromise of any claim in which the Client may be required to indemnify the Indemnitee, except with the other Client’s prior written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), and the Client shall have no obligation or duty with respect to any such confession or compromise that is made without such consent.

 

 

 
 Page 9
 

 

 

8.

FEES AND EXPENSES

 

8.1

Fee Schedule. The Client will pay all fees, expenses, charges and obligations incurred from time to time in relation to the Services in accordance with the terms of Schedule 5, together with any other amounts payable to the Service Provider under this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the Service Provider will not be responsible for the fees or expenses of, and the Client will reimburse the Service Provider for any advances or payments made by the Service Provider for the benefit of the Client incident to the proper performance of the Services listed or described in the Fee Schedule. If Service Changes are necessitated by changes in applicable Law with respect to the Client, Citi reserves the right to increase its fees consistent with the Service Change plan agreed by the Parties as contemplated by the Change Control Process or, in the absence of such a Service Change plan, in a fair and equitable manner taking into account the number of other Service Provider clients affected by such change. Except as set forth in the Fee Schedule, Fees and other amounts due to the Service Provider under this Agreement shall be due within ten (10) Business Days of the receipt by the Client of the invoice therefor.

 

8.2

Taxes. The Service Provider shall not be liable for any taxes, withheld amounts, assessments or governmental charges that may be levied or assessed on any basis whatsoever in connection with the Client or any Investor, excluding taxes, if any, assessed against the Service Provider related to its income or assets. The foregoing clause is subject to any more detailed provisions related to sales, use, excise, value-added, gross receipts, services, consumption and other similar transaction taxes related to the Services or this Agreement set forth in the Fee Schedule (if any).

 

9.

REPRESENTATIONS

 

9.1

General. Each Party represents at the date this Agreement is entered into and any Service is used or provided that:

 

9.1.1 It is duly organized and in good standing in every jurisdiction where it is required so to be;

 

9.1.2 It has the power and authority to sign and to perform its obligations under this Agreement;

 

9.1.3 This Agreement is duly authorized (including, if the Client has a board of directors, by such board of directors) and signed by an authorized officer of such Party and is its legal, valid and binding obligation, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties generally;

 

9.1.4 Any consent, authorization or instruction required in connection with its execution and performance of this Agreement has been provided by any relevant third party;

 

9.1.5 Any act required by any relevant Governmental Authority to be done in connection with its execution and performance of this Agreement has been or will be done (and will be renewed if necessary); and

 

9.1.6 The performance by such Party of its obligations under this Agreement will not violate or breach any applicable Law or contract binding on such Party.

 

The Service Provider’s representations and warranties in relation to clauses 9.1.2, 9.1.4 and 9.1.6 above, as relevant to the provision by Service Provider of Service Data under this Agreement, are subject to clause 5.7 of this Agreement.

 

9.2

Client. The Client also represents at the date this Agreement is entered into and any Service is used or provided that:

 

9.2.1 Where it acts as an agent on behalf of any of its own Investors, whether or not expressly identified to the Service Provider from time to time, any such Investors will not, by virtue of the services provided hereunder by the Service Provider to the Client, be customers or indirect customers of the Service Provider;

 

9.2.2 The Client’s decision to retain the Service Provider is not conditioned on or influenced by the amount of assets that any Affiliate of the Service Provider or any customers of the Service Provider or such Affiliates may from time to time invest in or through the Client;

 

9.2.3 Without prejudice to any more specific obligations set forth in this Agreement, the Client has obtained all consents from Investors required in connection with the engagement by the Client of the Service Provider to provide the Services;

 

 

 
 Page 10
 

 

 

9.2.4 It is in compliance with all Laws applicable to it, including, but not limited to, all securities, tax and commodities laws; and

 

9.2.5 Its entry into this Agreement is not intended to constitute a delegation of any of the functions described in clause 4.2 of this Agreement.

 

9.3

Service Provider. The Service Provider also represents at the date this Agreement is entered into and any Service is used or provided:

 

9.3.1 It has commercially reasonable data security and business continuity controls and plans; and

 

9.3.2 It has access to the necessary facilities, equipment, and personnel to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement.

 

10.

TERM AND TERMINATION

 

10.1

Term. This Agreement will begin on the Effective Date and have an initial term of three (3) years from the Effective Date (“Initial Term”) and will thereafter continue in effect indefinitely unless it is terminated pursuant to other provisions in clause 10.

 

10.2

Termination. Subject to clause 10.3:

 

10.2.1 Either Party may terminate this Agreement, with or without cause, but only after the expiration of the Initial Term, by giving the other Party one hundred eighty (180) days’ written notice.

 

10.2.2 Either Party may terminate this Agreement with cause on at least thirty (30) days’ written notice to the other Party if the other party has materially breached any of its obligations hereunder (including the payments by the Client of the fees and expenses set forth in the Fee Schedule); provided, however, that (i) the termination notice will describe the breach; (ii) no such termination will be effective if, with respect to any breach that is capable of being cured prior to the date set forth in the termination notice, the breaching Party has reasonably cured such breach; and (iii) subject to applicable Law, no such thirty (30) day notice period shall be required in the event the other Party is insolvent or has submitted a voluntary petition for administration.

 

10.2.3 This Agreement may be further terminated by either Party immediately in the event of:

 

 

(i)

the winding up of or the appointment of an examiner or receiver or liquidator to the other party or on the happening of a like event whether at the direction of an appropriate regulatory agency or court of competent jurisdiction or otherwise; or

 

 

(ii)

either Party no longer being permitted or able to perform its obligations under this Agreement pursuant to applicable law or regulation.

 

10.2.4 This Agreement may be terminated by the Service Provider immediately based on the Service Provider’s reasonable opinion that the Client has violated its obligation under clause 4.1 with respect to compliance with Law.

 

10.3

Termination-related Obligations. Related to termination of this Agreement:

 

10.3.1 If the Client has terminated this Agreement without cause (other than as set forth in clause 10.2.1) or if the Service Provider has terminated this Agreement pursuant to clauses 10.2.2-10.2.4, the Client will pay the Service Provider as liquidated damages for such default, an amount equal (i) to the Monthly Fee payable by the Client (or, if no such Monthly Fee is specified in the Fee Schedule, the average monthly fees payable by the Client for the preceding six (6) months) multiplied by (ii) the number of months remaining in the Initial Term as of the effective date of such termination (“Liquidated Damages”). In the event that the Client is, in part or in whole, liquidated, dissolved, merged into a third party, acquired by a third party, or involved in any other transaction that materially reduces the assets and/or accounts serviced by the Service Provider pursuant to this Agreement, the liquidated damages provision set forth above will apply, and will be adjusted rateably if any of the events described above is partial. Any liquidated damages amount payable to the Service Provider will be payable on or before the date of the event that triggers the payment obligation. Inasmuch as a default by the Client will cause substantial damages to the Service Provider and because of the difficulty of estimating the damages that will result, the Parties agree that the Liquidated Damages is a reasonable forecast of probable actual loss to the Service Provider and that this sum is agreed to as liquidated damages and not as a penalty.

 

 

 
 Page 11
 

 

 

10.3.2 Upon termination, the Service Provider will, at the expense and written direction of the Client, transfer to the Client or any successor service provider(s) to the Client copies of all Client Records, subject to the payment by the Client of unpaid and undisputed amounts due to the Service Provider hereunder, including any Liquidated Damages. If by the termination date the Client has not given written Instructions to deliver the Client Records, the Service Provider will keep the Client Records until the Client provides such Instructions to deliver the Client Records, provided that the Service Provider will be entitled to charge the Client then-standard fees for maintaining the Client Records, and the Service Provider shall have no obligation to keep the Client Records beyond six (6) months after the termination date. The Service Provider will provide no other services to or for the benefit of the Client or any successor service provider (and will not be responsible for the fees, charges or expenses of any successor service provider) in connection with the termination of this Agreement unless specifically agreed in writing by the Service Provider or as set forth in Schedule 2 or the Fee Schedule.

 

10.4

Surviving Terms. The rights and obligations contained in clauses 2.5, 2.9, 5.1, 5.3 (to the extent set forth in the CDPC), 6, 7, 8, 10.3, 10.4, 11 and 12 of this Agreement will survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

11.

GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

 

11.1

Governing Law. This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws (and not the laws of conflict) of the State of New York.

 

11.2

Arbitration. To the extent permitted by applicable law, each Party agrees that any controversy arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the Services provided hereunder, shall be resolved by arbitration conducted only at the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) (even though neither party hereto may be a AAA member). Should any dispute be arbitrated, judgment upon any award rendered by the arbitrators in such proceeding may be entered in any state or federal court of competent jurisdiction located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City.

 

11.3

Sovereign Immunity. Each Party irrevocably waives, with respect to itself and its revenues and assets, all immunity on the grounds of sovereignty or similar grounds in respect of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

12.

MISCELLANEOUS

 

12.1

Entire Agreement; Amendments. This Agreement consists exclusively of this document, together with any schedules, exhibits, and annexes, and supersedes any prior agreement related to the subject matter hereof, whether oral or written. Except as specified in this Agreement, this Agreement may only be modified by written agreement of the Client and the Service Provider, provided that an affiliate of the Client may join this Agreement as a new Client upon the execution by such new Client and the Service Provider of a mutually agreed, written joinder, without the requirement that all then-current Clients execute such joinder. Any modifications to this Agreement shall be set forth in consecutive, numbered amendments.

 

12.2

Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes illegal, invalid or unenforceable under any applicable law, the remaining provisions will remain in full force and effect (as will that provision under any other law).

 

12.3

Waiver of Rights. Subject to clause 5.1, no failure or delay of the Client or the Service Provider in exercising any right or remedy under this Agreement will constitute a waiver of that right. Any waiver of any right will be limited to the specific instance. The exclusion or omission of any provision or term from this Agreement will not be deemed to be a waiver of any right or remedy the Client or the Service Provider may have under applicable law.

 

12.4

Recordings. The Client and the Service Provider consent to telephonic or electronic recordings for security and quality of service purposes and agree that either may produce telephonic or electronic recordings or computer records as evidence in any proceedings brought in connection with this Agreement.

 

12.5

Assignment. No party may assign or transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the other’s prior written consent, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; provided that the Service Provider may make such assignment or transfer to (i) an Affiliate, (ii) a successor pursuant to a merger, reorganization, consolidation or sale, or (iii) an entity that acquires all or a substantial portion of the Service Provider’s assets or business that are used to provide the Services.

 

 

 
 Page 12
 

 

 

12.6

Headings. Titles to clauses of this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and will be disregarded in construing the language contained in this Agreement.

 

12.7

Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which will be an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same agreement.

 

12.8

Third Party Beneficiaries or Joint Venture. Except for Indemnitees contemplated by clause 7 or as set forth in clause 5.7.1, there are no third party beneficiaries to this Agreement. This Agreement does not create a joint venture or partnership between the Parties.

 

12.9

Certain Communications. The Client hereby acknowledges that if it has requested the delivery of Reports, Client Records and other information processed and/or maintained by the Service Provider hereunder in an unencrypted manner, it (i) accepts the risk that such delivery means may expose such information to disclosure through media and hardware that are not within the control of the Service Provider during the delivery process and (ii) agrees that in such circumstances neither the Service Provider nor its Affiliates or Agents shall be responsible if a Person other than the intended recipient intercepts, discovers or acts upon such a communication. Upon notice, the Service Provider may require delivery of documents referenced above in an encrypted manner.

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 

 

 
 Page 13
 

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

SERVICE PROVIDER(S)

 

 

 

 

 

CITI FUND SERVICES OHIO, INC.

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

 

CITIBANK, N.A.

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

 

CLIENT

 

 

 

 

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ David A. Bogaert

 

 

 

 

Name:

David A. Bogaert

 

 

 

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

 

Date:

May 19, 2020

 

 

 

 
 Page 14
 

 

 

 

Schedule 1 to Services Agreement

 

Definitions

 

Affiliate means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that is controlled by, controls, or is under common control with such Person; for purposes hereof, “control” of a Person means (i) ownership of, or possession of the right to vote, more than 25% of the outstanding voting equity of that person or (ii) the right to control the appointment of the board of directors, management or executive officers of that person.

 

Agent means any administrative or other service provider selected and used by a Party in connection with carrying out its obligations under this Agreement, whether or not such person would be deemed an agent under principles of any applicable law.

 

Agreement” means the Services Agreement to which this Schedule 1 is attached, and all other schedules, exhibits and annexes thereto, as they may be properly amended from time to time.

 

AIFMD Regulations” means applicable regulations adopted from time to time pursuant to Alternative Investment Fund Manager Directive 694/2014 of the European Parliament, as amended from time to time.

 

AML” has the meaning set forth in clause 2.8 of this Agreement.

 

Authorized Person” means the Client or any Person that the Service Provider believes in good faith to be authorized by the Client to act on its behalf in the performance of any act, discretion or duty under this Agreement (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any officer or employee of such Person) and as notified to the Service Provider in a notice reasonably acceptable to the Service Provider.

 

Authorized Participant“ means a broker or dealer that is a “participant” as defined in the rules of DTC and that has executed an Authorized Participant Agreement with the Distributor for the purchase and redemption of Creation Units.

 

Authorized Participant Agreement” means an agreement between the Distributor, on behalf of the Client, and an Authorized Participant governing the purchase and redemption of Creation Units.

 

Business Day” has the meaning set forth in Schedule 2.

 

Change Control Process” has the meaning set forth in clause 2.2 of this Agreement.

 

Citi Organization” means Citigroup, Inc. and any company or other entity of which Citigroup, Inc. is directly or indirectly a shareholder or owner. For purposes of this Agreement, each branch of Citibank, N.A. will be a separate member of the Citigroup Organization.

 

Client” has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement.

 

Client IP” means: (i) all Confidential Information of the Client, (ii) Investor lists and all information related to Investors furnished to or maintained by the Service Provider in connection with this Agreement, (iii) the unique investment methods utilized by a Client and the identities of the portfolio holdings at any time and from time to time of the Client, and (iv) all Intellectual Property Rights of the Client (whether owned, controlled, or licensed by the Client), excluding any architecture, structures, code, data, elements, formats, or Intellectual Property Rights that: (A) are developed by or on behalf of the Service Provider based on written requirements, settings or direction given by the Client; and (B) are embodied in the Service Provider Systems or the Services.

 

Client Records” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.2 of this Agreement.

 

Confidential Information” has the meaning assigned thereto in the Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions.

 

Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions” or “CDPC” means the confidentiality and data privacy terms attached to this Agreement as Schedule 4.

 

Creation Unit” means a large block of a specified number of Shares, as specified in the Prospectus.  A Creation Unit is the minimum number of Shares that may be created or redeemed at any one time.

 

Data Suppliers” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.7 of this Agreement.

 

Dependencies” has the meaning set forth in Schedule 3 to this Agreement.

 

Distributor” means the part identified as distributor or principal underwriter in the Prospectus that signs the Authorized Participant Agreement on behalf of the Client.

 

 
Schedule 1 to Services Agreement
Page 1
 

 

 

DTC” means the Depository Trust Company, a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York.

 

DTC Participant“ means a “participant” as such term is defined in the rules of DTC.

 

DTC Participant Account“ means an “account” as such term is defined in the rules of DTC.

 

Effective Date” means the date first set forth on page 1 of this Agreement.

 

Fee Schedule” means Schedule 5 of this Agreement or in such other form agreed by the Parties, referencing this Agreement and describing the fees and expenses payable by the Client to the Service Provider in respect of the Services and this Agreement.

 

Force Majeure Event” means any event due to any cause beyond the reasonable control of the Service Provider or, as applicable, any Agent of the Service Provider, such as unavailability of communications systems or Service Data, sabotage, fire, flood, explosion, acts of God, civil commotion, strikes or industrial action of any kind, riots, insurrection, war or acts of government, or suspension or disruption of any relevant stock exchange or securities clearance system or market.

 

Fund” means a separate portfolio or series of the Client.

 

Governmental Authority” means any domestic or foreign regulatory agency, court, other governmental body or self-regulatory agency with jurisdiction over a Party.

 

Indemnitee” has the meaning set forth in clause 7.1 of this Agreement

 

Initial Term” has the meaning set forth in clause 10.1 of this Agreement.

 

Instructions means any and all instructions (including approvals, consents and notices) received by the Service Provider from, or reasonably believed by the Service Provider to be from, any Authorized Person, including any instructions communicated through any manual or electronic medium as provided in this Agreement.

 

Intellectual Property Rights” means all trade secrets, patents and patent applications, trade marks (whether registered or unregistered and including any acquired goodwill), service marks, trade names, business names, internet domain names, e-mail address names, copyrights (including rights in computer software), moral rights, database rights, design rights, rights in know-how, rights in confidential information, rights in inventions (whether patentable or not), rights in business processes, and all other intellectual property and proprietary rights (whether registered or unregistered, and any application for the foregoing), and all other equivalent or similar rights which may subsist anywhere in the world

 

“Investor” means any Person to whom the Client sells securities, products or services the sale or servicing of which are supported by the Services provided under this Agreement.

 

Laws” means any domestic or foreign statutes, rules and regulations of any Governmental Authority and applicable judicial or regulatory interpretations thereof.

 

Liquidated Damages” has the meaning set forth in clause 10.3.1 of this Agreement.

 

Loss” has the meaning set forth in clause 7.1 of this Agreement.

 

MIFT” means a manually initiated Instruction to effect a transfer of assets owned by the Client or an Investor.

 

Monthly Fee” has the meaning set forth in the Fee Schedule.

 

OFAC” has the meaning set forth in clause 2.8 of this Agreement.

 

Offering Document” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.9 of this Agreement.

 

Organic Documents” means, for any incorporated or unincorporated entity, the documents pursuant to which the entity was formed as a legal entity, as such documents may be amended from time to time.

 

Parties” means the Client and the Service Provider.

 

Person” means any natural person or incorporated or unincorporated entity.

 

Policies and Procedures” means the written policies and procedures of the Client in any way related to the Services, including any such policies and procedures contained in the Organic Documents and the Offering Documents.

 

Prospectus” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

Report” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.1 of this Agreement.

 

Service Change” has the meaning set forth in clause 2.2 of this Agreement.

 

Service Data” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.7 of this Agreement.

 

 
Schedule 1 to Services Agreement
Page 2
 

 

 

Service Provider” means CFSO with respect to general matters and Services specifically identified and described in Schedule 2, and means Citibank with respect to general matters and Services specifically identified and described in Schedule 2.

 

Service Provider IP” means: (i) all Confidential Information of Service Provider; (ii) all Intellectual Property Rights of the Service Provider (whether owned, controlled, or licensed by Service Provider); (iii) the Service Provider Systems; (iv) all modifications to the Service Provider Systems regardless of whether the Client or a Client Affiliate paid for any such modifications; and (v) all other ideas, concepts, know-how, works of authorship, inventions, and intellectual property created or conceived by the Service Provider.

 

Service Provider Systems” means the systems owned or operated by the Service Provider in providing any Services hereunder, including all hardware, software and methods utilized in the operation and provision of Service Provider Systems, all Intellectual Property Rights of the Service Provider, all ancillary programs and documentation utilized in the provisioning of any Services, and all modifications thereto.

 

Services” means the services set forth in Schedule 2.

 

SOC 1” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.2 of this Agreement.

 

Software” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.6.2 of this Agreement.

 

SSAE18” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.2 of this Agreement.

 

Standard of Care” has the meaning set forth in clause 6.1 of this Agreement.

 

Start-Up” means the activities (including changes to Service Provider Systems and operating environment) and information required so that the Services may be performed by the Service Provider.

 

System Documentation” has the meaning set forth in clause 5.6.1 of this Agreement.

 

Term” means the period between the Effective Date and the date this Agreement is terminated.

 

 
Schedule 1 to Services Agreement
Page 3
 

 

 

Schedule 2 to Services Agreement 

Services provided by Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. 

Appendix A – Fund Services

 

Service Provider shall provide the Services listed on this Schedule 2 to the Client and any series thereof listed on Annex 1 to Schedule 2 (each, a “Fund”), subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement (including the Schedules).

 

I.          Services

 

1.

Record Maintenance

 

Maintain the following books and records of each Fund pursuant to Rule 31a-1 (the “Rule”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”):

 

 

(a)

Journals containing an itemized daily record in detail of all purchases and sales of securities, all receipts and disbursements of cash and all other debits and credits, as required by subsection (b)(1) of the Rule.

 

 

(b)

General and auxiliary ledgers reflecting all asset, liability, reserve, capital, income and expense accounts, including interest accrued and interest received, as required by subsection (b)(2)(i) of the Rule.

 

 

(c)

Separate ledger accounts required by subsection (b)(2)(ii) and (iii) of the Rule.

 

 

(d)

A monthly trial balance of all ledger accounts (except shareholder accounts) as required by subsection (b)(8) of the Rule. For the avoidance of doubt, all reporting will be provided in standard Citi format.

 

2.

Fund Accounting Services

 

Perform the following accounting services for each Fund:

 

 

(a)

Allocate income and expense and calculate the net asset value per share (“NAV”) of each class of shares offered by each Fund in accordance with the relevant provisions of the applicable Prospectus of each Fund and applicable regulations under the 1940 Act.

 

 

(b)

Apply securities pricing information as required or authorized under the terms of the valuation policies and procedures of the Client (“Valuation Procedures”), including (A) pricing information from independent pricing services, with respect to securities for which market quotations are readily available, (B) if applicable to a particular Fund or Funds, fair value pricing information or adjustment factors from independent fair value pricing services or other vendors approved by the Client (collectively, “Fair Value Information Vendors”) with respect to securities for which market quotations are not readily available, for which a significant event has occurred following the close of the relevant market but prior to the Fund’s pricing time, or which are otherwise required to be made subject to a fair value determination under the Valuation Procedures, and (C) prices obtained from each Fund’s investment adviser or other designee, as approved by the Board.

 

 

(c)

Coordinate the preparation of reports that are prepared or provided by Fair Value Information Vendors which help the Client to monitor and evaluate its use of fair value pricing information under its Valuation Procedures.

 

 

(d)

Assist the Client in identifying instances where market prices are not readily available, or are unreliable, each as set forth within parameters included in the Client’s Valuation Procedures.

 

 

(e)

Verify and reconcile with the Funds’ custodian all daily trade activity.

 

 

(f)

Compute, as appropriate, each Fund’s net income and capital gains, dividend payables, dividend factors, 7-day yields, 7-day effective yields, 30-day yields, and weighted average portfolio maturity; (and other yields or standard or non-standard performance information as mutually agreed).

 

 

(g)

Review daily the net asset value calculation and dividend factor (if any) for each Fund prior to release, check and confirm the net asset values and dividend factors for reasonableness and deviations, and distribute net asset values to National Securities Clearing Corporation via the portfolio composition file.

 

 

(h)

Determine and report unrealized appreciation and depreciation on securities held by the Funds.

 

 

(i)

Amortize premiums and accrete discounts on fixed income securities purchased at a price other than face value, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles of the United States or any successor principles.

 

 

(j)

Update fund accounting system to reflect rate changes, as received from a Fund’s investment adviser or a third party vendor, on variable interest rate instruments.

 

 

(k)

Post Fund transactions to appropriate categories.

 

 
Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 1
 

 

 

 

(l)

Accrue expenses of each Fund according to instructions received from the Client’s Administrator, and submit changes to accruals and expense items to authorized officers of the Client (who are not Service Provider employees) for review and approval.

 

 

(m)

Determine the outstanding receivables and payables for all (1) security trades, (2) Fund share transactions and (3) income and expense accounts.

 

 

(n)

Provide accounting reports in connection with the Client’s regular annual audit, and other audits and examinations by regulatory agencies.

 

 

(o)

Provide such periodic reports as the parties shall agree upon, as set forth in a separate schedule.

 

3.

Fund Accounting support for Financial Statements and Regulatory Filings

 

Perform the following services related to the financial statements and related regulatory filing obligations for each Fund:

 

 

(a)

Provide monthly a hard copy of the unaudited financial statements from the Fund Accounting system as described below, upon request of the Client.  The unaudited financial statements will include the following items:

 

 

i.

Unaudited Statement of Assets and Liabilities,

 

 

ii.

Unaudited Statement of Operations,

 

 

iii.

Unaudited Statement of Changes in Net Assets, and

 

 

iv.

Unaudited Condensed Financial Information

 

 

(b)

Provide accounting information for the following: (in compliance with Reg. S-X, as applicable):

 

 

i.

federal and state income tax returns and federal excise tax returns;

 

 

ii.

the Client’s semi-annual reports with the SEC on Form N-CEN and Form N-CSR;

 

 

iii.

the Client’s monthly schedules of investment for filing with the SEC on Form N-PORT, effective for the period beginning March 1, 2020;

 

 

iv.

the Client’s annual and semi-annual shareholder reports and quarterly Board meetings;

 

 

v.

registration statements on Form N-1A and other filings relating to the registration of shares;

 

 

vi.

reports related to Service Provider’s monitoring of each Fund’s status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;

 

 

vii.

annual audit by the Client’s auditors; and

 

 

viii.

examinations performed by the SEC.

 

 

(c)

Calculate turnover and expense ratio

 

 

(d)

Calculate daily spread between NAV and market price of Shares

 

 

(e)

Prepare schedule of Capital Gains and Losses

 

 

(f)

Provide daily cash report

 

 

(g)

Maintain and report security positions and transactions in accounting system

 

 

(h)

Prepare Broker Commission Report

 

 

(i)

Monitor expense limitations

 

 

(j)

Maintain list of failed trades

 

 

(k)

Provide unrealized gain/loss report

 

4.

Financial Reporting Financial Statements and other SEC Filings:

 

 

(a)

Provide the Fund’s Fund Administrator with necessary Trial Balance Reports and holdings reports to facilitate their production of the annual and semi-annual reports

 

 

(b)

Prepare and file the Fund’s Form N-CEN annually.

 

 
Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 2
 

 

 

 

(c)

Prepare and file holdings reports on Form N-PORT with the SEC, as required at the end of each month, effective for the period beginning March 1, 2020

 

 

(d)

Calculate performance data of the Funds for dissemination to (i) the Client, including the Board, (ii) up to fifteen (15) information services covering the investment company industry and (iii) other parties, as requested by the Client and agreed to by Service Provider.

 

5.

Post Trade Compliance

 

 

(a)

Assist the Client in developing appropriate portfolio compliance procedures for each Fund, and provide compliance monitoring services with respect to such procedures as reasonably requested by the Client, provided that such compliance must be determinable by reference to the Fund’s accounting records.

 

 

(b)

Monitor and advise the Client and the Funds on their regulated investment company status under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

6.

Liquidity Risk Management Support Services

 

 

(a)

Assist the Client with portfolio compliance monitoring in accordance with Rule 22e-4(b) including:

 

 

i.

daily liquidity classifications of portfolio securities held by the Fund;

 

 

ii.

daily monitoring of compliance with the Fund’s established Highly Liquid Investment Minimum (HLIM);

 

 

iii.

daily monitoring of compliance with the Fund’s 15% illiquid holdings maximum;

 

 

iv.

monthly liquidity classification of portfolio securities on Form N-PORT effective for the period beginning March 1, 2020; and

 

 

v.

Prepare and file Form N-LIQUID as required.

 

7.

Tax Services

 

 

(a)

Monitor wash sales annually.

 

 

(b)

Review calculation of declaration of income/capital gain distributions to ensure compliance with income/excise tax distribution requirements.

 

 

(c)

Prepare informational schedules for use by the Client’s auditors in connection with such auditor’s preparation of the Client’s tax returns including feral and state income tax returns as well as federal excise returns.

 

 

(d)

Prepare/distribute year-end shareholder tax letters and Forms 1099-MISC within 30 days of year-end.

 

II.         Notes and Conditions Related to Fund Accounting Services

 

 

1.

Subject to the provisions of Sections 2 and 6 of the Agreement, Service Provider’s liability with respect to NAV Differences (as defined below) shall be as follows:

 

 

(a)

During each NAV Error Period (as defined below) resulting from a NAV Difference that is at least $0.01 but that is less than 1/2 of 1%, Service Provider shall reimburse each applicable Fund for any net• losses to the Fund; and

 

 

(b)

During each NAV Error Period resulting from a NAV Difference that is at least 1/2 of 1%, Service Provider shall reimburse each applicable Fund on its own behalf and on behalf of each shareholder of such Fund for any losses experienced by the Fund or any Fund shareholder, as applicable; provided, that Service Provider’s reimbursement responsibility shall not exceed the lesser of (i) the net loss that the Fund incurs or (ii) the costs to the Fund of reprocessing the shareholder transactions during the NAV Error Period; provided, further, however, that Service Provider shall not be responsible for reimbursing reprocessing costs with respect to any shareholder that experiences an aggregate loss during any NAV Error Period of less than $25.

 

 
Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 3
 

 

 

 

For purposes of this Section II.1:  (A) the NAV Difference means the difference between the NAV at which a shareholder purchase or redemption should have been effected (“Recalculated NAV’’) and the NAV at which the purchase or redemption was effected divided by Recalculated NAV; (B) NAV Error Period means any Fund business day or series of two or more consecutive Fund business days during which an NAV Difference of $0.01 or more exists; (C) NAV Differences and any Service Provider liability therefrom are to be calculated each time a Fund’s (or Class’) NAV is calculated; (D) in calculating any amount for which Service Provider would otherwise be liable under this Agreement for a particular NAV error, Fund (or Class) losses and gains shall be netted; and (E) in calculating any amount for which Service Provider would otherwise be liable under this Agreement for a particular NAV error that continues for a period covering more than one NAV determination, Fund (or Class) losses and gains for the period shall be netted.

 

 

2.

The Client acknowledges and agrees that although Service Provider’s services related to fair value pricing are intended to assist the Client and its Board in its obligations to price and monitor pricing of Fund investments, Service Provider is not responsible for the accuracy or appropriateness of pricing information or methodologies, including any fair value pricing information or adjustment factors other than as set forth in clause 2(E)(ii) of the Agreement.

 

III.        Notes and Conditions Related to Financial Reporting Services

 

 

1.

With respect to any document to be filed with the SEC, the Client shall be responsible for all expenses associated with causing such document to be converted into an EDGAR format prior to filing, as well as all associated filing and other fees and expenses.

 

 

2.

If requested by the Client with respect to a fiscal period during which Service Provider served as financial administrator, Service Provider will provide a sub-certification pertaining to Service Provider’s services consistent with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 
Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 4
 

 

 

Schedule 2 to Services Agreement

Services Provided by Citibank, N.A.

Appendix B -- Transfer Agency Services

 

I.          Services

 

1.

Index Receipt Agent includes the following services:

 

 

(a)

PCF production and distribution

 

 

(b)

ETF order processing and trade bursting

 

 

(c)

Provide ETF fail monitoring/collateral

 

2.

Shareholder Transactions

 

 

(a)

Perform and facilitate the performance of purchases and redemptions of Creation Units.

 

 

(b)

Issue Shares of the applicable Fund in Creation Units for settlement with purchasers through DTC as the purchaser is authorized to receive.

 

 

(c)

Prepare and transmit by means of DTC’s book entry system payments for dividends and distributions on or with respect to the Shares declared by the Client on behalf of the applicable Fund.

 

 

(d)

Confirm to DTC the number of Shares issued to the Shareholder, as DTC may reasonably request.

 

 

(e)

Record the issuance of Shares of the Fund and maintain a record of the total number of Shares of the Fund which are outstanding, and, based upon data provided to it by the Fund, the total number of authorized Shares.

 

 

(f)

Prepare and transmit to the Client and the Client’s administrator and to any applicable securities exchange (as specified to Service Provider by the Client or its administrator) information with respect to purchases and redemptions of Shares.

 

 

(g)

Calculate and transmit on each Business Day to the Client’s administrator the number of outstanding Shares for each Fund.

 

 

(h)

Transmit on each Business Day to the Client, the Client’s administrator and DTC the amount of Shares purchased on such day.

 

 

(i)

Prepare a monthly report of all purchases and redemptions of Shares during such month on a gross transaction basis, and identify on a daily basis the net number of Shares either redeemed or purchased on such Business Day and with respect to each Authorized Participant purchasing or redeeming Shares, the amount of Shares purchased or redeemed.

 

3.

Compliance Reporting

 

 

(a)

Provide reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission and FINRA.

 

 

(b)

Prepare and distribute appropriate Internal Revenue Service forms for corresponding Fund.

 

4.

Shareholder Account Maintenance

 

 

(a)

Maintain the record of the name and address of DTC or its nominee as the sole shareholder of a Fund (the “Shareholder”) and the number of Shares issued by the Fund and held by the Shareholder.

 

 

(b)

Prepare and deliver other reports, information and documents to DTC as DTC may reasonably request.

 

 

(c)

Maintain account documentation files for Shareholder.

 

5.

Anti-Money Laundering Services

 

In each case consistent with and as required or permitted by the written anti-money laundering program of the Client (“AML Program”):

 

 

(a)

Perform monitoring and reporting as may be reasonably requested by the Client’s CCO.

 

 
Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 5
 

 

 

II.         Notes and Conditions Related to Transfer Agency Services

 

1.

Service Provider may require any or all of the following in connection with the original issue of Shares: (a) Instructions requesting the issuance, (b) evidence that the Board has authorized the issuance, (c) any required funds for the payment of any original issue tax applicable to such Shares, and (d) an opinion of the counsel to the Client about the legality and validity of the issuance.

 

2.

Service Provider shall have no obligation, when recording the issuance of Shares, to monitor the issuance of such Shares or to take cognizance of any laws relating to the issue or sale of such Shares, which functions shall be the sole responsibility of the Fund.

 

3.

Pursuant to purchase orders received in good form and accepted by or on behalf of the Client by the Distributor, Service Provider will register the appropriate number of book entry only Shares in the name of DTC or its nominee as the sole shareholders for each Fund and deliver Shares of such Fund in Creation Units on the business day next following the trade date to the DTC Participant Account of the Custodian for settlement.

 

4.

Pursuant to such redemption orders that the Client’s index receipt agent receives from the Distributor, the Client or its agent, Service Provider will redeem the appropriate number of Shares of the applicable Fund in Creation Units that are delivered to the designated DTC Participant Account of Custodian for redemption and debit such shares from the account of the Shareholder on the register of the applicable Fund.

 

5.

Service Provider will issue Shares of the applicable Fund in Creation Units for settlement with purchasers through DTC as the purchaser is authorized to receive.  Beneficial ownership of Shares shall be shown on the records of DTC and DTC Participants and not on any records maintained by Service Provider.  In issuing Shares of the applicable Fund through DTC to a purchaser, Service Provider shall be entitled to rely upon the latest Instructions that are received from the Client or its agent by the Index Receipt Agent (as set forth in Schedule B, Section A. Subsection 3(b) of this Agreement) concerning the issuance and delivery of such shares for settlement.

 

6.

Service Provider will not issue any Shares for a Fund where it has received an Instruction from the Client or written notification from any federal or state authority that the sale of the Shares of such Fund has been suspended or discontinued, and Service Provider shall be entitled to rely upon such Instructions or written notification.

 

7.

The Client acknowledges and agrees that deviations requested by the Client from Service Provider’s written transfer agent compliance procedures (“Exceptions”) may involve operational and compliance risks, including a substantial risk of loss. Service Provider may in its sole discretion determine whether to permit an Exception. Exceptions must be requested in writing and shall be deemed to remain effective until the Client revokes the Exception request in writing. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement that expressly or by implication provides to the contrary, as long as Service Provider acts in good faith, Service Provider shall have no liability for any loss, liability, expenses or damages to the Client or any Shareholder resulting from such an Exception.

 

8.

Service Provider is hereby granted such power and authority as may be necessary to establish one or more bank accounts for the Client with such bank or banks as are acceptable to the Client, as may be necessary or appropriate from time to time in connection with the transfer agency services to be performed hereunder.  The Client shall be deemed to be the customer of such bank or banks for purposes of such accounts and shall execute all requisite account opening documents in connection with such accounts.  To the extent that the performance of such services hereunder shall require Service Provider to disburse amounts from such accounts in payment of dividends, redemption proceeds or for other purposes hereunder, the Client shall provide such bank or banks with all instructions and authorizations necessary for Service Provider to effect such disbursements.

 

9.

Client represents and warrants that:

 

 

(a)

(i) by virtue of its Charter, Shares that are redeemed by the Client may be resold by the Client and (ii) all Shares that are offered to the public are covered by an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and the 1940 Act.

 

 

(b)

(i) The Client has adopted the AML Program, which has been provided to Service Provider and the Client’s AML Compliance Officer,  (ii) the AML Program has been reasonably designed to facilitate Compliance by the Client with applicable anti-money laundering Laws and regulations (collectively, the “Applicable AML Laws”) in all relevant respects, (iii) the AML Program and the designation of the AML Compliance Officer have been approved by the Board, (iv) the delegation of certain services thereunder to Service Provider, as provided in Schedule 2 of this Agreement, has been approved by the Board, and (v) the Client will submit any material amendments to the AML Program to Service Provider for Service Provider’s review and consent prior to adoption.

 

 
Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 6
 

 

 

10.

The Client hereby represents that the sale of Shares are not subject to Blue sky laws and the Service Provider shall not be responsible for any registration, notification, tracking or other function related to the Blue Sky laws of any state.

 

 
Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 7
 

 

 

Annex 1 – Schedule 2 to Services Agreement

 

List of Funds

 

 

1.

American Conservative Values ETF

 

 

2.

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

 

 
Annex 1 – Schedule 2 to Services Agreement
Page 1
 

 

 

Schedule 3 to Services Agreement

 

Dependencies

 

The Service Provider’s delivery of the Services and its other obligations in connection with the Agreement are dependent upon:

 

1.

The Client and its employees, agents, subcontractors, predecessor service providers and other Persons that are not employees or Agents of the Service Provider whose cooperation is reasonably required for the Service Provider to provide the Services and meet its obligations under any Implementation Plan agreed by the Parties (including, without limitation, investment advisors, custodians, and intermediaries) providing cooperation, information and, as applicable, Instructions to the Service Provider promptly, in agreed formats, by agreed media and within agreed timeframes as required to allow the Service Provider to (i) provide the Services, (ii) meet its obligations under any Implementation Plan agreed by the Parties, (iii) meet its other obligations under the Agreement, and (iv) resolve or reconcile discrepancies between or among data sources.

 

2.

The communications systems operated by the Client and third parties (other than Agents) in respect of activities that interface with the Services remaining fully operational.

 

3.

The authority, accuracy, truth and completeness of any information or data provided by the Client and its employees, current and predecessor Agents and other Persons (including, without limitation, investment advisors, custodians, and intermediaries) that is reasonably requested by the Service Provider or is otherwise provided to the Service Provider.

 

4.

The Client informing the Service Provider on a timely basis of any modification to, or replacement of, any agreement to which it is a party that is relevant to the provision of the Services.

 

5.

Any warranty, representation, covenant or undertaking expressly made by the Client under the Agreement being and remaining true and correct at all times.

 

6.

Any of the items listed in documents agreed between the Parties from time to time as being the responsibility of the Client.

 

7.

Without limitation to the foregoing, in connection with any Implementation Plan or Service Change plan agreed by the Parties, Dependencies shall include:

 

 

7.1

The Client agreeing to Service Change plan or, if applicable, implementation plan proposed by the Service Provider in a timely manner or negotiating changes in good faith and with reasonable promptness and diligence.

 

 

7.2

The Client satisfactorily completing in a timely fashion (including any deadlines imposed under the such Service Change plan or implementation plan) any software development, connectivity, or other obligations required to be completed by the Client or its Agents in order for the Service Provider to satisfy its obligations under such Service Change plan or implementation plan or perform the Services (unless such delay is caused by a failure of the Service Provider or an employee or Agent of the Service Provider, to complete in a timely manner any obligation of the Service Provider thereunder or otherwise, the completion of which by the Service Provider is not dependent upon another Dependency).

 

 

7.3

Timely delivery of technical data details and internal information of the Client, as reasonably requested by the Service Provider.

 

 

7.4

The Client meeting any obligations mutually agreed in writing in connection with such testing plans.

 

 

7.5

With respect to any functions or activities that are subject to acceptance testing by the Client in connection with any such Service Change plan or implementation plan, the timely delivery to the Service Provider of acceptance feedback and final acceptance, provided that with respect to any final acceptance the work and output meets any mutually agreed business, functional and technical requirements specifications in all material respects.

 

 
Schedule 3 to Services Agreement
Page 1
 

 

 

Schedule 4 to Services Agreement

 

Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions

 

1.

Introduction. These conditions (“Conditions”) form part of the Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) that applies between the Client and the Service Provider in relation to the provision of Services to the Client pursuant to the Agreement. The purpose of these Conditions is to set out each Party’s obligations in relation to Confidential Information and Personal Data received from the other Party in connection with the provision of Services under the Agreement. Some provisions of these Conditions are region-specific and will only apply in respect of the regions or countries specified. In some countries, further country-specific terms are required, and these will be included in the local conditions for that country provided in writing to the Client.

 

2.

Protection of Confidential Information. The Receiving Party will treat the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information as confidential in accordance with the terms hereof and exercise at least the same degree of care with respect to the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information that the Receiving Party exercises to protect its own Confidential Information of a similar nature, and in any event, no less than reasonable care.

 

3.

Use and disclosure of Confidential Information. The Disclosing Party hereby grants the Receiving Party the right to use and disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information to the extent necessary to accomplish the relevant Permitted Purposes and as otherwise expressly set forth in these Conditions. The Receiving Party will only use and disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information to the extent permitted in these Conditions.

 

4.

Exceptions to confidentiality. Notwithstanding anything in these Conditions to the contrary, the restrictions on the use and disclosure of Confidential Information in these Conditions do not apply to  information that: (i) is in or enters the public domain other than as a result of the act or omission of the Receiving Party or its Affiliates, or their respective Representatives, in breach of these Conditions; (ii) is obtained by the Receiving Party from a third party believed by the Receiving Party to have authority to provide it or already known by the Receiving Party, in each case without notice of any obligation to maintain it as confidential; (iii) was independently developed by the Receiving Party without reference to the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information; (iv) an Authorized Persons has agreed that the Receiving Party may disclose it; or (v) constitutes Anonymized and/or Aggregated Data.

 

5.

Authorized disclosures.

 

 

5.1

Affiliates and Representatives. The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information to Receiving Party’s Affiliates and to those of the Receiving Party’s and its Affiliates’ respective Representatives who have a “need to know” such Confidential Information, although only to the extent necessary to fulfil the relevant Permitted Purposes. The Receiving Party shall ensure that any of its Affiliates and such Representatives to whom the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information is disclosed pursuant to this Condition 5.1 shall be bound to treat such Confidential Information as confidential and to use it for only the relevant Permitted Purposes.

 

 

5.2

Other disclosures. Service Provider Recipients may: (i) disclose the Client’s Confidential Information to such parties as may be designated by the Client (for example, the Client’s shared service centre) and to Client Affiliates; and (ii) disclose the Client’s Confidential Information to Payment Infrastructure Providers and Securities Infrastructure Providers on a confidential basis to the extent necessary for the provision of the Services under the Agreement.

 

 

5.3

Payment reconciliation. When the Client instructs the Service Provider to process, investigate or reconcile a payment or transaction between an account of the Client or one of its customers and a third party’s account, the Service Provider may disclose to the third party the Client’s name, address and account number (and such other Client Confidential Information as may be reasonably required by the third party to effect such payments or transaction, respond to requests from information about such payments or transactions, or perform payment or transaction reconciliations).

 

 

5.4

Legal and regulatory disclosure. The Receiving Party (and, where the Service Provider is the Receiving Party, Service Provider Recipients, Payment Infrastructure Providers and Securities Infrastructure Providers) may disclose the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information pursuant to legal process, or pursuant to any other foreign or domestic legal and/or regulatory obligation or request, or agreement entered into by any of them and any governmental authority, domestic or foreign, or between or among any two or more domestic or foreign governmental authorities, including disclosure to courts, tribunals, and/or legal, regulatory, tax and government authorities, and persons from whom they receive or to whom they make, process, administer or reconcile  payments or other financial transactions on behalf of the Disclosing Party.

 

 
Schedule 4 to Services Agreement
Page 1
 

 

 

6.

Retention and deletion. On termination of the Agreement, each of the Client and Service Provider Recipients shall be entitled to retain and use the other party’s Confidential Information, subject to the confidentiality and security obligations herein, for legal, regulatory, audit and internal compliance purposes and in accordance with their internal records management policies to the extent that this is permissible under laws and regulations applicable to the Receiving Party, but shall otherwise securely destroy or delete such Confidential Information. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Receiving Party shall not be obliged to destroy electronic records.

 

7.

Data privacy.

 

 

7.1

Compliance with law. The Receiving Party will comply with local data protection laws applicable to the Receiving Party in Processing Disclosing Party Personal Data in connection with the provision or receipt of Services under the Agreement.

 

 

7.2

Confidentiality and security. The Service Provider will, and will use reasonable endeavours to ensure that Service Provider Affiliates and Third Party Service Providers will, implement reasonable and appropriate technical and organizational security measures to protect Client Personal Data that is within its or their custody or control against unauthorized or unlawful Processing and accidental destruction or loss.

 

 

7.3

Purpose limitation. The Client hereby authorizes and instructs the Service Provider to Process Client Personal Data in accordance with and as permitted by these Conditions and to the extent reasonably required for the relevant Permitted Purposes for the period of time reasonably necessary for the relevant Permitted Purposes. The Service Provider shall not Process Client Personal Data for any other purpose unless expressly authorized or instructed by the Client.

 

 

7.4

International transfer. The Client acknowledges that in the course of the disclosures described in Condition 5 (Authorized disclosures) above, Disclosing Party Personal Data may be disclosed to recipients located in countries that do not offer a level of protection for those data as high as the level of protection in the country in which the Service Provider is established or the Client is located.

 

 

7.5

Consent and warranty. To the extent that the Client is the Data Subject of Client Personal Data Processed by the Service Provider, then the Client consents to the Service Provider’s Processing of all of such Client Personal Data as described in Conditions Error! Reference source not found. to Error! Reference source not found.. To the extent that the Service Provider Processes Client Personal Data about other Data Subjects (for example, the Client’s personnel or Related Parties or the Client’s customers), the Client warrants that to the extent required by applicable law or regulation it has provided notice to and obtained consent from such Data Subjects in relation to the Service Provider’s (and its Affliates’ and Third Party Service Providers’) Processing of their Personal Data as described in those Conditions (and will provide such notice or obtain such consent in advance of providing similar information for such Processing to the Service Provider of such Affiliates or Third Party Service Providers in future). The Client further warrants that any such consent has been granted by these Data Subjects for the period reasonably required for the realisation of the relevant Permitted Purposes. The parties acknowledge and agree that the above consent may not be required if the Processing is necessary for the performance of obligations resulting from a contract with the Data Subject or imposed by law, or for the purposes of legitimate interests pursued by the Service Provider or a person to whom the Client Personal Data are disclosed which are not outweighed by prejudice to the rights, freedoms or legitimate interests of the Data Subjects or (other than where the Service Provider is established in Austria and/or the Czech Republic) for the Processing of information relating to persons other than living individuals. Service Provider’s Affiliates and Third Party Service Providers shall be third party beneficiaries of the Client’s warranties in this Condition 7.5.

 

 

7.6

Employee reliability and training. The Service Provider will take reasonable steps to ensure the reliability of its employees who will have access to Client Personal Data and will ensure that those of its employees who are involved in the Processing of Client Personal Data have undergone appropriate training in the care, protection and handling of Personal Data.

 

 

7.7

Audit. The Service Provider shall provide the Client with such information as is reasonably requested by the Client to enable the Client to satisfy itself of the Service Provider’s compliance with its obligations under Condition Error! Reference source not found. (Confidentiality and security). Nothing in this Condition Error! Reference source not found. shall have the effect of requiring the Service Provider, its Affiliates or any Third Party Service Provider to provide information that may cause it to breach its respective confidentiality obligations to third parties or its respective internal data security and confidentiality policies and procedures.

 

 
Schedule 4 to Services Agreement
Page 2
 

 

 

8.

Security Incidents. If the Service Provider becomes aware of a Security Incident, the Service Provider will investigate and remediate the effects of the Security Incident in accordance with its internal policies and procedures and the requirements of law and regulation applicable to Service Provider. The Service Provider will notify the Client of any Security Incident as soon as reasonably practicable after the Service Provider becomes aware of a Security Incident, unless the Service Provider is subject to a legal or regulatory constraint, or if it would compromise the Service Provider’s investigation. The parties agree that where the Service Provider has no direct contractual relationship with Data Subjects whose data have been compromised in a Security Incident, the Client will be responsible for making any notifications to regulators and individuals that are required under applicable data protection law or regulation. The Service Provider will provide reasonable information and assistance to the Client to help the Client to meet its obligations to Data Subjects and regulators. Neither the Service Provider nor the Client will issue press or media statements or comments in connection with the Security Incident that name the other party unless it has obtained the other party’s prior written consent.

 

9.

Data protection: EEA and Jersey - specific provisions. The following provisions of this Condition Error! Reference source not found. apply only where the Service Provider is established in the European Economic Area or Jersey:

 

 

9.1

Withdrawal of consent. Consent to the Processing of Personal Data is voluntary and Data Subjects may withdraw their consent to this Processing. However, if consent is withdrawn and unless the Service Provider is entitled to continue the relevant processing without consent, this may prevent the Service Provider from providing Services under the Agreement. Data Subjects may have recourse to the courts in the event that their rights have been infringed.

 

 

9.2

Data subject rights. Data Subjects may object, by request and free of charge, to the Processing or Disclosing Party Personal Data relating to them for certain purposes, including direct marketing, and may access and rectify, or request deletion in compliance with local law and the terms herein, of Disclosing Party Personal Data relating to them, and may request not to be subject to an automated decision. More information about the Service Provider’s Processing of Client Personal Data, the relevant data protection authority and data processing registrar, if applicable, may be obtained by contacting the Client’s account manager.

 

 

9.3

Data processor. If and to the extent that the Service Provider’s Processing activities in relation to Client Personal Data cause it to be regarded as a data processor for the Client, the Service Provider will act only on the Client’s instructions in relation to such data. Client’s instructions are as specified in Condition 7.3.

 

 

9.4

Information and assistance. The Service Provider shall provide such information and assistance to the Client as the Client may reasonably request in order to enable the Client to comply with the rights of Data Subjects or with information notices served by any data protection authority.

 

 

9.5

Recipients. Clients of Service Provider establishments in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy and Spain may obtain further information about Service Provider Affiliates, the Service Provider’s Third Party Service Providers and Payment Infrastructure Providers and Securities Infrastructure Providers to whom their Personal Data has been disclosed on request from the Client’s account manager.

 

10.

Definitions. Capitalised terms used in these Conditions shall have the meanings given to them in the Services Agreement or as set out below:

 

“Affiliate” means either a Service Provider Affiliate or a Client Affiliate, as the context may require;

 

“Anonymized and/or Aggregated Data” means information relating to the Disclosing Party or its Related Parties (or, in the case of Client, its customers) received or generated by the Receiving Party in connection with the provision or receipt of the Services under the Agreement and in respect of which all personal identifiers have been removed, and/or which has been aggregated with other data, in both cases such that the data cannot identify the Disclosing Party, its Affiliates or Related Parties or their respective customers or Representatives, or a natural person;

 

“Conditions” means these Confidentiality and Data Privacy Conditions;

 

“Confidential Information” means:

 

(A)

where the Disclosing Party is the Client or a Client Affiliate, or any of their respective Representatives: information relating to the Client or Client Affiliates or their respective Representatives or Related Parties received by Service Provider Recipients in the course of providing Services under the Agreement to the Client, including all Client Personal Data, Client’s transactional information, and any other information that is either designated by the Client as confidential at the time of disclosure or that a reasonable person would consider to be of a confidential or proprietary nature; or

  

 
Schedule 4 to Services Agreement
Page 3
 

 

 

(B)

where the Disclosing Party is the Service Provider or a Service Provider Affiliate, or any of their respective Representatives or Third Party Service Providers or technology or data licensors: information relating to the Service Provider or Service Provider Affiliates or their respective Representatives, Third Party Service Providers or technology or data licensors, received or accessed by the Client, Client Affiliates and their respective Representatives in connection with the receipt of Services under the Agreement, including Service Provider Personal Data, information relating to the Service Provider’s products and services and the terms and conditions on which they are provided, technology (including software, the form and format of reports and on-line computer screens), pricing information, internal policies, operational procedures and any other information that is either designated by the Service Provider as confidential at the time of disclosure or that a reasonable person would consider to be of a confidential or proprietary nature;

 

“Control” means that an entity possesses directly or indirectly the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the other entity, whether through the ownership of voting shares, by contract or otherwise;

 

“Client Affiliate” means any entity, present or future, that directly or indirectly Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with Client, and any branch thereof, including, without limitation, if the Client is an investment adviser or other financial institution, pooled investment vehicles managed or sponsored by the Client with respect to which Service Provider provides Services under the Agreement;

 

“Client Personal Data” means Personal Data relating to a Data Subject received by or on behalf of the Service Provider from the Client, Client Affiliates and their respective Representatives and Related Parties in the course of providing Services under the Agreement to the Client. Client Personal Data may include names, contact details, identification and verification information, nationality and residency information, taxpayer identification numbers, voiceprints, Service Provider account and transactional information (where legally permissible), to the extent that these amount to Personal Data under applicable local data protection or data privacy law; 

 

“Data Subject” means a natural person who is identified, or who can be identified directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identification number or to one or more factors specific to his or her physical, physiological, mental, economic, cultural or social identity, or, if different, the meaning given to this term or nearest equivalent term under applicable local data protection or data privacy law with respect to such natural person. For the purpose of these Conditions, Data Subjects may be the Client, Client Affiliates, the Service Provider, their personnel, Related Parties, customers of the Client, suppliers, payment remitters, payment beneficiaries or other persons;

 

“Disclosing Party” means a party to the Agreement that discloses Confidential Information to the other party;

 

“Disclosing Party Personal Data” means Personal Data provided by or on behalf of the Disclosing Party to the Receiving Party in the course of the provision or receipt of the Services under the Agreement;

 

“Payment Infrastructure Provider” means a payments clearance system or other third party which forms part of a payment system infrastructure, including without limitation communications, clearing or payment systems and intermediary banks or correspondent banks who are not agents of the Service Provider;

 

“Permitted Purposes” in relation to the Service Provider’s use of Client’s Confidential Information means the following purposes: (i) to provide Services under the Agreement to the Client and, where contemplated by the Agreement, the Client’s Affiliates and Related Parties, in accordance with the Agreement; (ii) to undertake activities related to the provision of Services under the Agreement, such as, by way of non-exhaustive example: (a) to fulfil foreign and domestic legal, regulatory and compliance requirements (including US anti-money laundering obligations applicable to the Service Providers and its Affiliates) and comply with any law applicable to any of the Service Provider, Service Provider Affiliates and their respective Third Party Service Providers; (b) to verify the identity of Client representatives who contact the Service Provider or may be contacted by the Service Provider; (c) for risk assessment, statistical, trend analysis and planning purposes; (d) to monitor and record calls and electronic communications with the Client and its Affiliates and Related Parties and their respective Representatives for quality, training, investigation and fraud prevention purposes; (e) for crime detection, prevention, investigation and prosecution; (f) to enforce or defend the Service Provider’s, its Affiliates’ and Third Party Service Providers’ rights; and (g) to manage the Service Provider’s relationship with the Client and, where Services may be consumed by them as contemplated by the Agreement, the Client’s Affiliates and Related Parties, which may include providing information to Client and Client Affiliates and Client’s Related Parties about the Service Provider’s and Service Provider Affiliates’ products and services; and (iii) the purposes set out in Condition 5 (Authorized disclosures);

 

“Permitted Purposes” in relation to the Client’s use of the Service Provider’s Confidential Information means the following purposes: to enjoy the benefit of, enforce or defend its rights and perform its obligations in connection with the receipt of Services from the Service Provider in accordance with the Conditions, and to manage the Client’s relationship with the Service Provider;

 

 
Schedule 4 to Services Agreement
Page 4
 

 

 

“Personal Data” means any information that can be used, directly or indirectly, alone or in combination with other information, to identify an individual, or, if different, the meaning given to this term or nearest equivalent term under applicable local data protection or data privacy law;

 

“Processing” of Personal Data means any operation or set of operations that is performed upon Personal Data, whether or not by automatic means, such as collection, recording, organization, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, blocking, erasure or destruction, or, if different, the meaning given to this term or nearest equivalent term under applicable local data protection or data privacy law with respect to such Personal Data;

 

“Receiving Party” means a party to the Agreement that receives Confidential Information from the other party to the Agreement;

 

“Related Party” means any natural person or entity, or branch thereof, that: (i) owns, directly or indirectly, stock of the Client, if the Client is a corporation, (ii) owns, directly or indirectly, profits, interests or capital interests in the Client, if the Client is a partnership, (iii) is treated as the owner of the Client, if the Client is a “grantor trust” under sections 671 through 679 of the United States Internal Revenue Code or is of equivalent status under any similar law of any jurisdiction, domestic or foreign, (iv) holds, directly or indirectly, beneficial interests in the Client, if the Client is a trust; or (v) exercises control over the Client directly or indirectly through ownership or any arrangement or other means, if the Client is an entity, including (a) a settlor, protector or beneficiary of a trust, (b) a person who ultimately has a controlling interest in the Client, (c) a person who exercises control over the Client through other means, such as manager of a limited liability company or a general partner of a partnership, or (d) the senior managing official of the Client; or (vi) an investment adviser that provides services to or for the benefit of Client or a Client Affiliate;

 

“Representatives” means a party’s officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, professional advisers and Third Party Service Providers;

 

“Securities Infrastructure Provider” means a securities exchange or settlement system or other third party which forms part of a securities settlement infrastructure, including without limitation communications, clearing or payment systems and brokers, dealers and banks;

 

“Security Incident” means an incident whereby the confidentiality of Disclosing Party Personal Data within Receiving Party’s custody or control has been materially compromised so as to pose a reasonable likelihood of harm to the Data Subjects involved;

 

“Service Provider Affiliate” means any entity, present or future, that directly or indirectly Controls, is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Service Provider, and any branch or representative offices thereof, including Citibank, N.A. and Citigroup Technologies, Inc.; 

 

“Service Provider Personal Data” means Personal Data relating to a Data Subject received by the Client from the Service Provider, Service Provider Affiliates and/or their respective Representatives or Third Party Service Providers in the course of receiving Services under the Agreement from the Service Provider or such Service Provider Affiliates and/or Representatives or Third Party Service Providers. Service Provider Personal Data may include names and contact details, to the extent that these amount to Personal Data under applicable local data protection or data privacy law;

 

“Service Provider Recipients” means the Service Provider, Service Provider Affiliates and their respective Representatives and Third Party Service Providers; and

 

“Third Party Service Provider” means a third party reasonably selected by the Receiving Party or its Affiliate to provide services to it and who is not a Payment Infrastructure Provider or Securities Infrastructure Provider. Examples of Third Party Service Providers include technology service providers, business process outsourcing service providers and call center service providers.

 

 
Schedule 4 to Services Agreement
Page 5
 

 

 

Schedule 5 to Services Agreement

 

Fee Schedule

 

1.

Fund Accounting and Fund Administration Fees

 

The Client shall pay the following fees to Service Provider as compensation for the Services rendered hereunder. 

All Fees shall be aggregated and paid monthly.

 

Notes

 

1.

Monthly rates reflected are based upon current primary pricing vendor selections.

 

2.

Each “Asset Type” can typically be expected to include the following security types:

 

Equities:  Domestic Equity, Foreign Equity, Warrants

 

Asset Backed:  ABS, MBS, CMO’s, CMBs

 

General Bonds:  US Investment Grade Corporate Bonds, US High Yield Corporate Bonds, International Bonds

 

Government Bonds:  Agency Debt, US Government Bonds, Money Market, Municipal Bonds

 

Complex Debt:  Bank Loans

 

Listed Derivatives:  Futures, options

 

Simple OTC:  Interest Rate Swap; OTC Options; Currency Forwards; Currency Swap

 

Mid-Tier OTC:  Total Return Swap; Asset Swaps; Cross Currency Swaps; Credit Default Swaps

 

Complex OTC:  Exotic Options; Volatility Swaps; CDOs; CLOs

 

3.

Security Pricing Valuation Services will not be subject to the annual fee increase.

 

2.

Out-of-Pocket Expenses and Miscellaneous Charges:

 

In addition to the above fees, Service Provider shall be entitled to receive payment for the following out-of-pocket expenses and miscellaneous charges:

 

 

a.

Reimbursement of Expenses.  The Client shall reimburse Service Provider for its out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred in providing Services, including, but not limited to:

 

 

(i)

All freight and other delivery and bonding charges incurred by Service Provider in delivering materials to and from the Client and in delivering all materials to Shareholders;

 

(ii)

The cost of obtaining security and issuer information;

 

(iii)

The cost of CD-ROM, computer disks, microfilm, or microfiche, and storage of records or other materials and data;

 

(iv)

Costs of postage, bank services, couriers, stock computer paper, statements, labels, envelopes, reports, notices, or other form of printed material (including the cost of preparing and printing all printed material) which shall be required by Service Provider for the performance of services to be provided hereunder, including print production charges incurred;

 

(v)

All copy charges;

 

(vi)

Any expenses Service provider shall incur at the written direction of the Client or a duly authorized officer of the Client;

 

(vii)

The cost of tax data services;

 

(viii)

Regulatory filing fees, industry data source fees, printing (including board book production expenses) and typesetting services, communications, delivery services, reproduction and record storage and retention expenses, and travel related expenses for board / client meetings; and

 

(ix)

Any additional expenses reasonably incurred by Service Provider in the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement.

  

 
Schedule 5 to Services Agreement
Page 1
 

 

 

 

b.

Miscellaneous Service Fees and Charges.  In addition to the amounts set forth in paragraphs (1) and 2(A) above, Service Provider shall be entitled to receive the following amounts from the Client:

 

(i)

System development fees, billed at the rate of $150 per hour, as requested and pre-approved by the Client, and all systems-related expenses, agreed in advance, associated with the provision of special reports and services pursuant to any of the Schedules hereto;

 

(ii)

Fees for development of custom interfaces pre-approved by the Client, billed at the rate of $150 per hour;

 

(iii)

Ad hoc reporting fees pre-approved by the Client, billed at the rate of $150 per hour;

 

(iv)

Expenses associated with Service Provider’s anti-fraud procedures as it pertains to new account review;

 

(v)

Check and payment processing fees; and

 

(vi)

Costs of rating services.

 

3.

Annual Fee Increase

 

Commencing on the one-year anniversary of the Effective Date and annually thereafter, the Service Provider may annually increase the fixed fees and other fees expressed stated dollar amounts in this Agreement by up to an amount equal to the most recent annual percentage increase in consumer prices for services as measured by the United States Consumer Price Index entitled “All Services Less Rent of Shelter” or a similar index should such index no longer be published.  Service Provider shall provide Client with 60 days written notice prior to an increase, with the understanding that such notice shall not include the increase as such amount will not be known.

 

 
Schedule 5 to Services Agreement
Page 2
 

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99.(i)(1)

 

IMAGE

 

June 12, 2020

 

ETF Opportunities Trust 

8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205

Richmond, Virginia 23235

 

RE:   Opinion of Counsel regarding the Registration Statement filed on Form N-1A under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) (File Nos. 333-234544 and 811-23439)

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as counsel to ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”), a statutory trust organized under the laws of the state of Delaware and registered under the 1940 Act as an open-end series management investment company.

 

This opinion relates to the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (the “Registration Statement and is given in connection with the filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) of a pre-effective amendment under the Securities Act and an amendment under the 1940 Act (collectively, the “Amendment”), each to the Registration Statement. The Amendment relates to the registration of an indefinite number of shares of beneficial interest (collectively, the “Shares”), with no par value per share, for two new series portfolio of the Trust – American Conservative Values ETF and American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF funds (the “Funds”).  We understand that the Amendment will be filed with the Commission pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act and that our opinion is required to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.

 

In reaching the opinions set forth below, we have examined, among other things, copies of the Trust’s Certificate of Trust, Agreement and Declaration of Trust, applicable resolutions of the Board of Trustees, and originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such other documents, records and other instruments as we have deemed necessary or advisable for purposes of this opinion. We have also examined the prospectus and statement of additional information for the Funds, substantially in the form in which they are to be filed in the Amendment (collectively, the “Prospectus”).

 

As to any facts or questions of fact material to the opinions set forth below, we have relied exclusively upon the aforesaid documents and upon representations and declarations of the officers or other representatives of the Trust. We have made no independent investigation whatsoever as to such factual matters.

 

The Prospectus provides for issuance of the Shares from time to time at the net asset value thereof, plus any applicable sales charge. In reaching the opinions set forth below, we have assumed that upon sale of the Shares, the Trust will receive the net asset value thereof.

 

  IMAGE

JOHN H. LIVELY ● MANAGING PARTNER

11300 Tomahawk Creek Pkwy Ste. 310 Leawood, KS 66211 p: 913.660.0778 c: 913.523.6112

Practus, LLP  ●  John.Lively@Practus.com    Practus.com

 

 
 

We have also assumed, without independent investigation or inquiry, that:

 

(a)

all documents submitted to us as originals are authentic; all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the original documents; all signatures on all documents submitted to us for examination are genuine; and all documents and public records reviewed are accurate and complete; and

 

(b)

all representations, warranties, certifications and statements with respect to matters of fact and other factual information (i) made by public officers; or (ii) made by officers or representatives of the Trust are accurate, true, correct and complete in all material respects.

 

The Delaware Statutory Trust Act provides that shareholders of the Trust shall be entitled to the same limitation on personal liability as is extended under the Delaware General Corporation Law to stockholders of private corporations for profit. There is a remote possibility, however, that, under certain circumstances, shareholders of a Delaware statutory trust may be held personally liable for that trust’s obligations to the extent that the courts of another state which does not recognize such limited liability were to apply the laws of such state to a controversy involving such obligations. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall have any power to bind personally any shareholder, or to call upon any shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the shareholder may at any time agree to pay. Therefore, the risk of any shareholder incurring financial loss beyond his investment due to shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Funds is unable to meet their obligations and the express limitation of shareholder liabilities is determined not to be effective.

 

Based on our review of the foregoing and subject to the assumptions and qualifications set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date of this letter:

 

(a)

The Shares to be offered for sale pursuant to the Prospectus are duly and validly authorized by all necessary actions on the part of the Trust; and

 

(b)

The Shares, when issued and sold by the Trust for consideration pursuant to and in the manner contemplated by the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the Trust’s Registration Statement, will be validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable, subject to compliance with the Securities Act, the 1940 Act, and the applicable state laws regulating the sale of securities

 

We express no opinion as to any other matters other than as expressly set forth above and no other opinion is intended or may be inferred herefrom.  The opinions expressed herein are given as of the date hereof and we undertake no obligation and hereby disclaim any obligation to advise you of any change after the date of this opinion pertaining to any matter referred to herein. 

 

We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the use of our name and to the reference to our firm under the caption under the caption “Legal Counsel” in the Statement of Additional Information for the Funds, which is included in the Registration Statement.

 

 

Sincerely,

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ John H. Lively

 

 

On behalf of Practus, LLP

 

 

  IMAGE

 

2

 

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99.(j)(1)

 

 

 

 

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation in this Registration Statement on Form N-1A of our report dated June 15, 2020, relating to the financial statement of ETF Opportunities Trust comprising American Conservative Values ETF as of June 11, 2020, and to the references to our firm under the headings “Fund Service Providers” in the Prospectus and “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

 

Cohen & Company, Ltd.

Cleveland, Ohio

June 15, 2020

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

 

Exhibit 99(l)

 

SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT by and between ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”), a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, and Ridgeline Research LLC (“Subscriber”).  

 

In consideration of the mutual promises set forth herein, the parties agree as follows:

 

  1. The Trust agrees to sell to Subscriber and Subscriber hereby subscribes to purchase $100,000 worth of common shares of beneficial interest of the Trust (“Shares”).

 

  2. Subscriber agrees to pay the Trust $100,000 for all such Shares at the time of their issuance, which shall occur at any time on or before the effective date of the Trust’s Registration Statement filed by the Trust on Form N-1A with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“Registration Statement”).

 

  3. Subscriber acknowledges that the Shares to be purchased hereunder have not been registered under the federal securities laws and that, therefore, the Trust is relying on certain exemptions from such registration requirements, including exemptions dependent on the intent of the undersigned in acquiring the Shares. Subscriber also understands that any resale of the Shares or any part thereof, may be subject to restrictions under the federal securities laws, and that Subscriber may be required to bear the economic risk of any investment in the Shares for an indefinite period of time.

 

  4. Subscriber represents and warrants to the Trust that Subscriber is acquiring the Shares solely for Subscriber’s own account and solely for investment purposes and not with a view to the resale or disposition of all or any part thereof, and that Subscriber has no present plan or intention to sell or otherwise dispose of the Shares or any part thereof at any time in the near future.

 

  6. Subscriber agrees that Subscriber will not sell or dispose of the Shares or any part thereof, except to the Trust itself, unless the Registration Statement with respect to such Shares is then in effect under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement by their duly authorized representatives this 11th day of June 2020. 

 

Subscriber: Ridgeline Research LLC   ETF Opportunities Trust
     
By:   By: -S- DAVID A. BOGAERT
Name: William Flaig   Name: David A. Bogaert
Title:   CEO & Founder   Title:   President

 

 

 

 ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

 

Exhibit 99(p)(1)

 

ETF Opportunities Trust

 

CODE OF ETHICS

 

Dated:  December 4, 2019

 

WHEREAS, the ETF Opportunities Trust (“Trust”) is a registered investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“1940 Act”), which is authorized to issue its shares of beneficial interest in separate series representing the interests in separate funds of securities and other assets (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”);

 

WHEREAS, the Trust, as of the date first written above, consists of those series described on Schedule 1 and which are served by those investment advisers (individually and collectively, “Adviser”) shown on Schedule 1, as may be amended from time to time;

 

WHEREAS, Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act makes it unlawful for certain persons, including trustees, officers, and other investment personnel of the Trust and any Fund of the Trust, to engage in fraudulent, manipulative, or deceptive conduct in connection with their personal trading of securities “held or to be acquired” by any Fund of the Trust;

 

WHEREAS, Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act requires the Trust, the Adviser and in certain cases the Distributor, as defined herein, to adopt a code of ethics and to establish procedures reasonably designed to: (i) govern the personal securities activities of Access Persons, as defined herein; (ii) with respect to those personal securities transactions, prevent the employment of any device, scheme, artifice, practice, or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on the Trust or any Fund; and (iii) otherwise prevent personal trading prohibited by the Rule;

 

WHEREAS, the policies, restrictions, and procedures included in this Code of Ethics are designed to prevent violations of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act; and

 

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to amend and restate its Code of Ethics;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the Trust hereby adopts this Code of Ethics (“Code”) for the Trust and each Fund of the Trust to read in its entirety as follows:

 

A. Statement of Fiduciary Principles

 

This Code is based on three underlying fiduciary principles:

 

1.

our duty at all times to place the interests of our shareholders first; 

 

2.

the requirement that all our personal securities transactions be conducted consistent with this Code and in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest or any abuse of an individual’s position of trust and responsibility; and

 

 

 

3.

the fundamental standard that our investment personnel should not take inappropriate advantage of their positions.

 

B.

Unlawful Actions 

 

Rule 17j-1(b) under the 1940 Act makes it unlawful for any trustee, officer or other Access Person of the Trust, in connection with the purchase or sale by such person of a “security held or to be acquired” by the Trust or any Fund of the Trust:

 

1.

To employ any device, scheme, or artifice to defraud the Trust or a Fund;

 

2.

To make to the Trust or a Fund any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state to the Trust or a Fund a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

 

3.

To engage in any act, practice, or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon the Trust or a Fund; or

 

4.

To engage in any manipulative practice with respect to the Trust or a Fund.

 

C. Definitions

 

1.

Access Person” shall mean:  (a) any trustee, director, officer, general partner, or Advisory Person (as defined below) of the Trust or any Fund of the Trust or the Adviser thereof; or (b) any director, officer, or general partner of a Distributor who, in the ordinary course of his or her business, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of securities for any Fund of the Trust for which the principal underwriter so acts or whose functions or duties as part of the ordinary course of his or her business relate to the making of any recommendation to any Fund of the Trust regarding the purchase and sale of securities.

2 

 

 

2.

An “Advisory Person” shall mean any employee of the Trust or any Fund of the Trust or of the Adviser (or of any company in a control relationship thereto) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of securities for any Fund of the Trust or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales, and any natural person in a control relationship with the Trust or any Fund of the Trust or the Adviser who obtains information concerning recommendations made to any Fund of the Trust regarding the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by the Fund and such term includes any Portfolio Manager or Investment Personnel (as described below).  A person is not an Advisory Person (or an Access Person) simply by virtue of the following:

 

(a)

normally assisting in the preparation of public reports, or receiving public reports, but not receiving information about current recommendations or trading; or

 

(b)

a single instance of obtaining knowledge of current recommendations or trading activity, or infrequently and inadvertently obtaining such knowledge. 

 

3.

Beneficial Ownership” for the purposes of this Code shall be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“1934 Act”), and Rule 16a-1(a)(2) thereunder, which generally speaking, encompasses those situations in which the beneficial owner has the right to enjoy some direct or indirect “pecuniary interest” (i.e., some economic benefit) from the ownership of a security.  It also includes securities held by members of a person’s immediate family sharing the same household; provided, however, this presumption may be rebutted.  The term immediate family means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law and includes adoptive relationships.  Any report of beneficial ownership required thereunder shall not be construed as an admission that the person making the report has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the Covered Securities to which the report relates.

 

4.

Board of Trustees” shall mean the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

 

5.

Code” shall mean this Code of Ethics of the Trust.

 

6.

Control” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(9) of the 1940 Act.  Control means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or polices of a company, unless such power is solely the result of an official position with such company.  Any person who owns beneficially, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25 percent of the voting securities of a company shall be presumed to control such company.  Any person who does not so own more than 25 percent of the voting securities of any company shall be presumed not to control such company. 

 

7.

Covered Security” means a “security” as set forth in Section 2(a)(36) of the 1940 Act, and generally includes all securities, whether publicly or privately traded, and any option, future, forward contract or other obligation involving a security or index thereof, including an instrument whose value is derived or based on any of the above (i.e., a derivative).  The term Covered Security also includes any separate security, which is convertible into or exchangeable for, or which confers a right to purchase such security.  A Covered Security does not include: (a) direct obligations of the U.S. Government; (b) bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements; and (c) shares of registered open-end investment companies.

 

3 

 

 

8.

Disinterested Trustee” of the Trust means a Trustee of the Trust who is not an “interested person” of the Trust within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.  An “interested person” of the Trust includes any person who is a trustee, director, officer, employee, or owner of 5% or more of the outstanding stock of the Adviser or principal underwriter for any Fund of the Trust.  Affiliates of brokers or dealers are also “interested persons” of the Trust, except as provided in Rule 2a19-1 under the 1940 Act.

 

9.

Distributor” means the principal underwriter of the Trust or the Funds of the Trust that is an affiliated person of the Trust, any Fund of the Trust or the Adviser or an officer, director or general partner of such the principal underwriter serves as an officer, director, trustee or general partner of the Trust, any Fund of the Trust or the Adviser.

 

10.

Initial Public Offering” means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”), the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act. 

 

11.

Investment Personnel” of a Fund or the Adviser means:  (a) any employee of the Trust or any Fund or the Adviser (or any company in a control relationship to the Trust, Fund or the Adviser) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of securities by any Fund and such term includes any Portfolio Manager; or (b) any natural person who controls the Trust, Fund or the Adviser and who obtains information concerning recommendations made to any Fund regarding the purchase or sale of securities by any Fund.

 

12.

Limited Offering” means an offering that is exempt from registration under the 1933 Act pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) or pursuant to Rules 504, 505 or 506 under the 1933 Act.

 

13.

Non-Covered Security” shall mean those securities not included in the definition of Covered Securities, such as: (a) direct obligations of the Government of the United States, (b) bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements, (c) shares of registered open-end investment companies, or (d) other securities as may be excepted under the provisions of Rule 17j-1.

 

14.

Portfolio Manager” means the person (or the persons) primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of a Fund’s portfolio.

 

15.

Purchase or sale of a Covered Security” includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a Covered Security.

 

16.

Review Officer” means, with respect to the Trust, the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust or such other person(s) as may be designated by the Board of Trustees.  The Review Officer of the Trust shall:  (a) approve transactions, receive reports and otherwise monitor compliance with this Code with respect to all Access Persons not otherwise associated with the Adviser or the Distributor; (b) receive reports from any Compliance Officer (defined below) designated hereunder; (c) report at least quarterly to the Board of Trustees all material violations of this Code and any Related Code (defined below) that occurred during the past calendar quarter; and (d) report at least annually to the Board of Trustees the information listed in Section E.7.(b.) below. The Review Officer shall initial each report required by Section E.1(a)-(c) at the time the Review Officer reviews such report to confirm that the report was reviewed.  In the event the Review Officer is considered an Access Person under this Code, a Trust officer, other than the Review Officer, or such other person as may be designated by the Board of Trustees, shall approve transactions, receive reports and otherwise monitor compliance with this Code with respect to the Review Officer.

 

4 

 

17.

Compliance Officer.”  In this regard, the Adviser and the Distributor each shall appoint a compliance officer, which person shall be designated by the Board of Trustees as a “Compliance Officer” with respect to the Adviser or the Distributor, as applicable.  The purpose of this arrangement is for each such compliance officer of the Adviser or Distributor to monitor compliance with this Code with respect to all Access Persons covered hereunder who are associated with the Adviser or Distributor, as applicable, including:  approving personal securities transactions and receiving reports for all Access Persons hereunder who are associated with the Adviser or Distributor, as applicable.  In turn, the Compliance Officer of the Adviser and the Distributor shall report at least quarterly to the Review Officer all material violations of this Code, or any other code of ethics to which an Access Person may be subject and which covers that Access Person’s duties and responsibilities with respect to the Funds (“Related Code”), that occurred during the past quarter to the extent that such violations relate to the Trust.  For purposes of this Code, when “Applicable Review Officer” is referenced, it shall mean the applicable Compliance Officer as it relates to Access Persons covered hereunder who are associated with the Advisor or Distributor and shall mean the Review Officer with respect to the Trust as it relates to all other Access Persons.

 

18.

A Covered Security is for purposes of this Code being “held or to be acquired” by any Fund if, within the most recent 7 days, the Covered Security:  (a) is or has been held by a Fund; (b) is being or has been considered by a Fund or the Adviser for purchase by the Fund; or (c) any option to purchase or sell, any Covered Security convertible into or exchangeable for, a Covered Security described in (a) or (b) of this paragraph.

 

19.

A Covered Security is “being considered for purchase or sale” when, among other things, a recommendation to purchase or sell a security for a Fund has been made and communicated and, with respect to the person making the recommendation, when such person seriously considers making such a recommendation.

5 

 

 

D. Statement of General Principles on Personal Investment Activities

 

1.

No Violations of Rule 17j-1.  It is the policy of the Trust that no Access Person of the Trust or of a Fund shall engage in any act, practice or course of conduct that would violate the provisions of Rule 17j-1(b) or this Code.

 

2.

Blackout Periods. The price paid or received by the Fund for any investment should not be affected by a buying or selling interest on the part of an Access Person, or otherwise result in an inappropriate advantage to the Access Person.  To that end:

 

(a)

No Access Person shall enter an order for the purchase or sale of a security (1) if, to his/her actual knowledge, any Fund within the Trust’s family of investment companies has a pending buy or sell order on that same security until after the Fund’s order is executed or withdrawn; and (2) if, to his/her actual knowledge, such security is being considered for purchase or sale by any Fund within the Trust’s family of investment companies; and

 

(b)

Investment Personnel may not buy or sell a security within 3 days before and after the Advisor’s particular Fund trades in the security, unless the transaction has been approved by the Applicable Review Officer.

 

Provided, however, that the above prohibitions shall not apply to Disinterested Trustees except if they have actual knowledge of trading by any Fund.  The above prohibition shall also not apply to Access Persons of a particular Fund who do not, in the ordinary course of fulfilling their official duties, have access to current information regarding the purchase and sale of securities for that Fund; provided that securities investments effected by such Access Persons during the prescribed periods are not effected with knowledge of the purchase or sale of the same or equivalent securities by that Fund.

 

3.

Disclosure of Interested Transactions.  No Access Person shall recommend any transactions with respect to a Covered Security by any Fund of the Trust without first disclosing his or her interest, if any, in such Covered Securities or the issuer thereof, to the applicable Review Officer or the appropriate investment team members (as described in the appropriate Related Code).  The appropriate Review Officer shall then conduct an independent review of the recommendation to purchase the security for clients.

 

4.

Initial Public Offerings (“IPOs”).  No Investment Personnel shall acquire, directly or indirectly, any Beneficial Ownership in any IPO with respect to any security without first obtaining prior approval of the Applicable Review Officer for that Investment Personnel, which Applicable Review Officer:  (a) has been provided by such Investment Personnel with full details of the proposed transaction; and (b) has concluded, after consultation with other Investment Personnel of the Trust or the relevant Fund  (who have no personal interest in the issuer involved in the private placement), that the Trust or the relevant Fund has not purchased or sold the security in the previous 5 trading days.  Records of such approvals by the Applicable Review Officer and the reasons supporting those decisions must be kept as required in Section G.1.f.

6 

 

 

5.

Limited Offerings.  No Investment Personnel shall acquire, directly or indirectly, Beneficial Ownership of any security in a Limited Offering without first obtaining the prior written approval of the Applicable Review Officer, which Applicable Review Officer:  (a) has been provided by such Investment Personnel with full details of the proposed transaction; and (b) has concluded, after consultation with other Investment Personnel of the Trust or the relevant Fund (who have no personal interest in the issuer involved in the private placement), that the Trust or the relevant Fund not purchased or sold the security in the previous 5 trading days.  Records of such approvals by the Applicable Review Officer and the reasons supporting those decisions must be kept as required in Section G.1.f.

 

 

6.

Acceptance of Gifts.   Investment Personnel should follow any respective Related Code or policies with respect to the acceptance of gifts, but at a minimum Investment Personnel must not accept gifts of more than a de minimus value (currently $250 or less per year) from any entity doing business with or on behalf of the Fund or the Advisor, unless pre-approved by the Applicable Review Officer.  This restriction does not apply to gifts in the form of an occasional meal, a ticket to a sporting event, theater or comparable entertainment, or an invitation to golf or to participate in similar sporting activities for such person and his guests so long as (1) such gifts are neither so frequent nor so extensive as to raise any question of impropriety and (2) such gifts are not preconditioned on the donor obtaining or maintaining a specified level of business with the Trust or Advisor. 

 

7.

Service on Boards.  Investment Personnel shall not serve on the boards of directors of publicly traded companies, or in any similar capacity, absent the prior approval of such service by the Applicable Review Officer following the receipt of a written request for such approval.  In the event such a request is approved, procedures shall be developed to avoid potential conflicts of interest. 

 

8.

[Omitted].

 

9.

Exempt Transactions.  The prohibited activities set forth in this Section D shall not apply to:

 

(a)

Purchases, sales or other transactions of Non-Covered Securities as defined above;

 

(b)

purchases, sales or other transactions effected in any account over which such person has no direct or indirect influence or control or other Beneficial Ownership Interest;

 

(c)

purchases that are part of an automatic dividend reinvestment plan;

 

(d)

tender offer transactions;

 

(e)

the acquisition of securities by gift or inheritance;

7 

 

 

(f)

purchases effected upon the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its securities, to the extent such rights were acquired from such issuer, and sales of such rights so acquired; and

 

(g)

daily purchases/sales of Covered Securities involving less than (and including option contracts on less than) 2,000 shares of a Security included in the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index or with a market capitalization in excess of $200 million and average daily trading volume in excess of 50,000 shares.

 

E.

Reporting Procedures

 

1.

Reporting by Access Persons.  In order to provide the Trust with information to enable it to determine with reasonable assurance whether the provisions of Rule 17j-1 and this Code are being observed by its Access Persons, each Access Person of the Trust shall submit the following reports in the forms or substantially similar to the forms attached hereto as Exhibits A-D to the Applicable Review Officer (or his or her delegate) showing all transactions in securities in which the person has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership, except for exempt transactions listed under Section D.9(a) above: 

 

(a)

Initial Holdings Report. On the form provided in Exhibit A (or similar form) every Access Person must report to the Applicable Review Officer no later than 10 days after that person becomes an Access Person, the following information (which information must be current as of a date no more than 45 days before the report is submitted):

 

(i)

the title, number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership when the person became an Access Person;

 

(ii)

the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any securities, including Covered Securities, were held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person as of the date the person became an Access Person; and

 

(iii)       the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

(b)

Quarterly Report. Quarterly securities transaction reports, on each of the forms provided in Exhibits B and C (or similar forms) shall be made by every Access Person no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter. No such periodic report needs to be made if the report would duplicate information required to be recorded under Rule 204-2(a)(12) or Rule 204-2(a)(13) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, or information contained in broker trade confirmations or account statements received by the Applicable Review Officer no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter.  The forms shall contain the following information: 

8 

 

 

(i)

with respect to any transaction during the quarter in a Covered Security in which the Access Person has a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership, the following information is required to be provided on the form in Exhibit B (or similar form):

 

a.

the date of the transaction, the title, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares, and the principal amount of each Covered Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

 

b.

the nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

 

c.

the price of the Covered Security at which the transaction was effected;

 

d.

the name of the broker, dealer, or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected;

 

e.

the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person; and

 

(ii)

with respect to any new account established by the Access Person in which securities were held during the quarter for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person, the following information is required to be provided on the form in Exhibit C (or similar form):

 

a.

the name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person established the account;

 

b.

the date the account was established; and

 

c.

the date the report is submitted by the Access Person. 

 

(c)

Annual Reports. Every Access Person must annually report to the Applicable Review Officer on the form provided in Exhibit D (or similar form), no later than 45 days after the end of each calendar year, the following information (which information must be current as of a date no more than 45 days before the report is submitted):

 

(i)

the title, number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

9 

 

 

(ii)

the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities, including Covered Securities, are held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person; and

 

(iii)

the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

2.

Duplicate Copies of Trade Confirmations and Periodic Statements.            Each Access Person, with respect to each brokerage account in which such Access Person has any beneficial interest, shall arrange that the broker shall mail directly to the Applicable Review Officer at the same time they are mailed or furnished to such Access Person:

 

(a)

duplicate copies of the broker’s trade confirmation covering each transaction in securities in such account; and

 

(b) copies of periodic statements with respect to the account;

 

provided, however, that such duplicate copies need not be filed for transaction involving Non-Covered Securities.  This requirement also may be waived by the Applicable Review Officer in situations when the Applicable Review Officer determines that duplicate copies are unnecessary.

 

A Form of Brokerage Letter is attached to this Code as Exhibit E.  In order to help ensure that duplicate brokerage confirmations are received for all accounts pertaining to an Access Person, such Access Person is required to complete and send a brokerage letter similar to Exhibit E annually to each broker maintaining an account on behalf of the Access Person.

 

3.

Notification; Annual Certification.  The Applicable Review Officer (or his or her delegate) shall notify each Access Person of the Trust who may be required to make reports pursuant to this Code, that such person is subject to reporting requirements and shall deliver a copy of this Code to each such person.  The Applicable Review Officer shall annually obtain written assurances in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F from each Access Person that he or she is aware of his or her obligations under this Code and has complied with the Code and with its reporting requirements.

 

4.

Disclaimer of Beneficial Ownership.  Any report under this section may contain a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making such report that he or she has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the security to which the report relates. 

10 

 

 

5.

Exemptions.  The requirements of Sections E.1-E.3 above shall not apply in the following situations unless the Applicable Review Officer determines that such requirements are needed to comply with Section D.1. of this Code:

 

(a)

If the Access Person is covered by a Related Code of Ethics, then the reports required under this Code may be submitted in the form required by the Related Code of Ethics, provided the report contains the information required herein.

 

(b)

No Disinterested Trustee need make a report with respect to his initial holdings, as required by Section E.1.(a) above, or an annual report, as required by Section E.1.(c) above solely by reason of being a Trustee of the Trust.

 

(c)

No Disinterested Trustee need make any quarterly transaction reports with respect to any Covered Security, as required by Section E.1.(b) above, unless the Disinterested Trustee knew at the time of the transaction, or in the ordinary course of fulfilling his official duties as a Trustee, or should have known, that during the 15-day period immediately preceding or following the date of the transaction (or such period prescribed by applicable law) such Covered Security was purchased or sold, or was being considered for purchase or sale, by any Fund. 

 

(d)

No Disinterested Trustee need provide duplicate copies of trade confirmations and periodic statement as required by Section E.2. above, if exempted from making reports under Sections E.5.(b) and (c) above.

 

(e)

No Access Person to the Adviser need make a quarterly transaction report to the Adviser under this Code if all the information in the report would duplicate information required to be recorded under Rule 204-2(a)(12) or Rule 204-2(a)(13) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. No Access Person need make a quarterly transaction report under this Code if the quarterly transaction report would duplicate information contained in broker trade confirmations or account statements received by the Trust, any Fund, or the Adviser with respect to the Access Person in the time period required by this Code, if all of the information required by this Code is contained in the broker trade confirmations or account statements, or in the records of the Trust, any Fund, or Adviser.

 

(f)

No Access Person to the Distributor need make the reports under this Code as required by this Section E if the Distributor is not an affiliated person of the Trust, any Fund of the Trust or Adviser and the Distributor has no officer, director or general partner who serves as an officer, director, trustee or general partner of the Trust, any Fund of the Trust or the Adviser.

 

6.

Reporting to the Review Officer.  At least quarterly, each Adviser’s and Distributor’s Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) shall furnish the Review Officer with a report with respect to any material violations of this Code by Assess Persons who are associated with the Advisor or Distributor, as applicable, and any procedures or sanctions imposed in response to the violations and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Review Officer.

11 

 

 

7. Review by the Board of Trustees.

 

(a)

Quarterly Reports.  At least quarterly, the Review Officer shall prepare and provide a written report to the Board of Trustees with respect to all issues, under the Code, that have occurred since the last quarterly report to the Board, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the Code or the procedures and sanctions imposed in response to those violations.

 

(b)

Annual Reports. At least annually, the Review Officer and the Compliance Officers of the Adviser and the Distributor shall each prepare and provide a written report to the Board of Trustees that:

 

(i)

provides a summary of any material violations that occurred during the past year requiring significant remedial action;

 

(ii)

describes any material procedural changes made during the past year;

  

(iii)

describes any recommended material changes to this Code or any related code or procedures; and

 

(iv)

certifies to the Board, in the form provided in Exhibit G (or a similar form), that the Trust or Adviser or Distributor has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating their respective codes.

 

8. Approval of Related Codes of Ethics.

 

(a)

Approval of Codes of Ethics of Any Investment Adviser.  The Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Disinterested Trustees, must approve (a) the code of ethics of the Adviser and any new investment adviser or sub-adviser to a Fund and (b) any material changes to those codes.  Prior to approving a code of ethics for the Adviser or any new investment adviser or sub-adviser, or any material change thereto, the Board of Trustees must receive a certification from such entity that it has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating its code of ethics.  The Board of Trustees must approve the code of ethics of the Adviser and any new adviser before initially retaining the services of such party.  The Board of Trustees must approve a material change to a code of ethics no later than six (6) months after adoption of the material change.

 

(b)

Approval of Codes of Ethics for any Distributor.  The Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Disinterested Trustees, must approve (a) the code of ethics of the Distributor and any new principal underwriter for the Trust or any Fund of the Trust and (b) any material changes to those codes. Prior to approving a code of ethics for the Distributor or any new principal underwriter for the Trust or any Fund of the Trust, or any material change thereto, the Board of Trustees must receive a certification from such entity that it has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating its code of ethics.  The Board of Trustees must approve the code of ethics of the Distributor and any new principal underwriter for the Trust or any Fund of the Trust before initially retaining the services of such party.  The Board of Trustees must approve a material change to a code of ethics no later than six (6) months after adoption of the material change.

12 

 

 

9.

Notices by Applicable Review Officer.  The Applicable Review Officer shall notify each Access Person and Investment Personnel who may be required to preclear transactions and/or make reports pursuant to the Code that such person is subject to the Code and shall deliver a copy of this Code to each such person.  Any amendments to the Code shall be similarly furnished to each such person

 

F.

Review and Sanctions

 

1.

Review by Applicable Review Officer.  The Applicable Review Officer (or his or her delegate) shall from time to time review the reported securities transactions of Access Persons for compliance with this Code.

 

2.

Sanctions for Violations by Trustees, Executive Officers, and Other Access Persons (Other than Disinterested Trustees).  If any violation of this Code is determined to have occurred, the Applicable Review Officer (or, with respect to material violations, the Board of Trustees, if they so choose) may impose sanctions and take such other actions as he or she deems appropriate, including, among other things, requiring that the trades in question be reversed, requiring the disgorgement of profits or gifts, issuing a letter of caution or warning, issuing a suspension of personal trading rights or suspension of employment (with or without compensation), imposing a fine, making a civil referral to the SEC, making a criminal referral, and/or terminating employment for cause. All sanctions and other actions taken shall be in accordance with applicable employment laws and regulations.  Any profits or gifts forfeited shall be paid to the applicable Fund for the benefit of its shareholders or given to a charity, as the Applicable Review Officer (or Board of Trustees) shall determine is appropriate.  If the Compliance Officer of the Advisor or the Distributor determines that a material violation of this Code has occurred, he or she shall promptly report the violation to the Review Officer or the Chairman of the Board of Trustees.  If the Review Officer determines that a material violation of this Code has occurred, he or she shall promptly report the violation to the Chairman of the Board of Trustees.  All material violations of the Code and any sanctions imposed as a result thereto shall be reported at the next regularly scheduled meeting to the Board of Trustees. 

13 

 

 

 

3.

Sanctions for Violations by Disinterested Trustees.  If the Review Officer determines that any Disinterested Trustee has violated, or apparently violated, this Code he or she shall so advise the Disinterested Trustees (other than the person whose transaction is at issue) and shall provide such persons with the report, the record of pertinent actual or contemplated portfolio transactions of any affected Fund and any additional information supplied by such person.  If a violation is determined to have occurred, the Disinterested Trustees (other than the person whose transaction is at issue), at their option, shall either impose such sanctions as they deem appropriate or refer the matter to the full Board of Trustees, which shall impose such sanctions as it deems appropriate.

 

G.

Miscellaneous

 

1.

Records.  The Trust, the Adviser and the Distributor shall maintain records at their principal place of business in the manner and to the extent set forth below, which records may be maintained electronically under the conditions described in Rule 31a-2(f) under the 1940 Act, and shall be available for examination by representatives of the Securities and Exchange Commission:

 

 

(a)

a copy of this Code and any other code that is, or at any time within the past five years has been, in effect shall be preserved in an easily accessible place;

 

 

(b)

a record of any violation of this Code, and of any action taken as a result of such violation, shall be preserved in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years following the end of the fiscal year in which the violation occurs;

 

 

(c)

a copy of each report made pursuant to this Code shall be preserved for a period of not less than five years from the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two years in an easily accessible place;

 

 

(d)

a list of all persons who are required, or within the past five years have been required, to make reports pursuant to this Code shall be maintained in an easily accessible place;

 

(e)

a copy of each report to the Board of Trustees shall be preserved by the Trust for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two years in an easily accessible place;

 

(f)

maintain a record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision to approve the acquisition by any Investment Personnel of shares in any IPO or Limited Offering for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted, the first two years in an easily accessible place; and

 

(g)

any other information as may be required by Rule 17j-1(f).

14 

 

 

2.

Confidentiality.  All reports of securities transactions and any other information filed pursuant to this Code shall be treated as confidential, except that the same may be disclosed to the Board of Trustees, to any regulatory or self­regulatory authority or agency upon its request, or as required by law or court or administrative order.

 

3.

Amendment; Interpretation of Provisions.  The Board of Trustees may from time to time amend this Code or adopt such interpretations of this Code, as it deems appropriate.

15 

 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

CODE OF ETHICS

ETF OPPORTUNITIESTRUST

 

Initial Holdings Report

 

As of the below date, I held the following position in these securities in which I may be deemed to have a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership, and which are required to be reported pursuant to the Trust’s Code of Ethics:

 

Security or Account
name*

No. of
Shares

Principal

Amount

Broker/Dealer or
Bank Where

Account is Held

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

* All accounts must be listed (including Non-Covered Securities).

 

This report is not an admission that I have or had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the securities listed above.

 

Date: 

 

 

Signature: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Print Name: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reviewed By:

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

CODE OF ETHICS

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

Securities Transaction Report

 

For the Calendar Quarter Ended:     
  (mo./day/yr.)  

 

During the quarter referred to above, the following transactions were effected in securities of which I had, or by reason of such transaction acquired, direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership, and which are required to be reported pursuant to the Trust’s Code of Ethics. 

 

 

 

 

 

Security

 

 

Price of the Transaction

 

 

Date of the Transaction

No. of Shares and Principal Amount of the Security

 

Nature of Transaction (Purchase, Sale, Other)

 

Broker-Dealer or Bank Through Whom Effected

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This report (i) excludes transactions with respect to which I had no direct or indirect influence or control, (ii) excludes other transaction not required to be reported because such securities are excluded from the definition of “Covered Security” under the Trust’s Code of Ethics, and (iii) is not an admission that I have or had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the securities listed above.

 

Date: 

 

 

Signature: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Print Name: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reviewed By:

 

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT C

 

CODE OF ETHICS

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

Account Establishment Report

 

For the Calendar Quarter Ended:      
  (mo./day/yr.)  

  

During the quarter referred to above, the following accounts were established for securities in which I may be deemed to have a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership, and is required to be reported pursuant to the Trust’s Code of Ethics:

 

Broker/Dealer or

Bank Where

Account Was

Established

Date

Account Was

Established

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Date: 

 

 

Signature: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Print Name: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reviewed By:

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT D

 

CODE OF ETHICS

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

Annual Holdings Report

 

As of December 31, ___, I held the following positions in securities in which I may be deemed to have a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership, and which are required to be reported pursuant to the Trust’s Code of Ethics:

 

Security or Account name*

No. of
Shares

Principal

Amount

Broker/Dealer or
Bank Where

Account is Held

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

* All accounts must be listed (including Non-Covered Securities).

 

This report is not an admission that I have or had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the securities listed above.

 

Date: 

 

 

Signature: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Print Name: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reviewed By:

 

  

 

 

 

Exhibit E

 

FORM OF BROKERAGE LETTER

 

[Date]

[Broker Name]

[Address]

 

RE:      Account No. __________________________ Account Name _____________________

 

Dear [Name]

 

As of [Date], please send to [  ], a duplicate confirmation of each transaction in the above-named account and the monthly brokerage account statement for the above-named account.

 

Please mail the confirmations and account statements to:

 

[  ]

[  ]

[  ]

Attention: Compliance Officer/Review Officer

 

Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter.

 

Sincerely,

 

[Name]

 

cc:  Compliance Officer/Review Officer

 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT F

 

CODE OF ETHICS

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

Annual Certificate Of Compliance

 

For the Calendar Year Ended:     
  (mo./day/yr.)  

  

As an Access Person as defined in the ETF Opportunities Trust’s Code of Ethics adopted pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“Code”), I hereby certify that I have read and understand the Code, recognize that I am subject to the Code, and intend to comply with the Code.  I further certify that, during the calendar year specified above, and since my last Certificate of Compliance under the Code, I have complied with the requirements of the Code and have disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of the Code. 

 

 

 

 

Signature

   

 

Name (Please Print)

 

 

 

 

 

Date

 

 

 

Exhibit G

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

ADOPTION OF PROCEDURES PURSUANT TO RULE 17j-1 OF

THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

Pursuant to Rule 17j-1(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, ____________________________ does hereby certify that it has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent “Access Persons” from violating its Code of Ethics.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, of the undersigned Compliance Officer has executed this certificate as of _______________, ______.

 

 

 

 

[Name]

 

 

 

[Title]

 

 

 

SCHEDULE 1

 

Name of Series

Investment Adviser/Sub-Adviser

American Conservative Values ETF

American Conservative Values Small-Cap ETF

--Ridgeline Research, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A

Exhibit 99.(p)(2)

 

CODE OF ETHICS AND CONDUCT 

An investment adviser is a fiduciary and owes its clients the highest duty of loyalty, relying on each employee to avoid conduct that is or may be inconsistent with that duty. All officers and employees of Ridgeline have responsibilities that directly and indirectly reflect upon the reputation and successful business operation of Ridgeline. The trust and confidence of clients and vendors are essential. All employees will be responsible for ensuring that honesty and integrity are among the highest priorities. It is also important for employees to avoid actions that, while they may not involve a conflict of interest or an abuse of client trust, may have the appearance of impropriety.

 

General 

The adviser has established and will maintain and enforce a written code of ethics. This code of ethics sets forth policies and procedures, including the imposition of restrictions on itself and employees, to the extent reasonably necessary to prevent certain violations of applicable law. This Code of Ethics and Conduct (the “Code”) is intended to set forth those policies and procedures and to describe the adviser’s broader policies regarding its duty of loyalty to clients.

 

Basic Principles 

This Code is based on a few basic principles that should govern all investment-related activities of employees, personal as well as professional: (1) the interests of the adviser’s clients come before the adviser’s or any employee’s interests; (2) each employee’s professional activities and personal investment activities must be consistent with this Code and avoid any actual or potential conflict between the interests of clients and those of the adviser or the employee; and (3) those activities must be conducted in a way that avoids any abuse of an employee’s position of trust with and responsibility to the adviser and its clients, including taking inappropriate advantage of that position.

 

Employees must conduct all advisory activities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws, and other laws, rules and regulations, any applicable laws of foreign jurisdictions, and adviser policies and procedures that have been adopted (or that may in the future be adopted), as each may be amended from time to time, including without limitation those prohibiting insider trading and front running.

 

Personal Conduct 

All employees should always be mindful of the adviser’s positions and reputation in the community. Since success depends in part on public trust, employees should conduct personal affairs so as to avoid discrediting or embarrassing Ridgeline. Personal behavior and appearance should be governed by common sense and good taste.

 

While conducting business or representing the adviser, all employees are expected not to discriminate on the basis of race, age, color, religion, national origin, sex, veteran status, disability, or any other basis protected by federal, state, or local law.

 

Chief Compliance Officer 

Many of the specific procedures, standards, and restrictions described in this Code involve consultation with the Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”). A senior principal of the adviser will designate the CCO.

 

 

 

 

Security 

For purposes of this Code, the term “security” includes not only stocks, but also options, rights, warrants, futures contracts, convertible securities or other securities in which the adviser’s clients may invest or as to which the adviser may make recommendations (sometimes also referred to as “related securities”).

 

Covered Accounts 

Many of the procedures, standards, and restrictions in this Code govern activities in “Covered Accounts.” Covered Accounts consist of:

 

1. Securities accounts of which the adviser is a beneficial owner, except for investment partnerships or other funds of which the adviser or any affiliated entity is the general partner, investment adviser or investment manager or from which the adviser or such affiliated entity receives fees based on capital gains.

 

2. Each securities account registered in an employee’s name and each account or transaction in which an employee has any direct or indirect “beneficial ownership interest” (other than accounts of investment limited partnerships or other investment funds not specifically identified by the CCO as “Covered Accounts”)

 

Beneficial Ownership 

“Beneficial Ownership” of securities includes not only securities a person owns directly or securities owned by others specifically for his or her benefit, but also (i) securities held by his or her spouse, minor children and relatives who live full time in his or her home, and (ii) securities held by another person if by reason of any contract, understanding, relationship, agreement or other arrangement the employee obtains benefits substantially equivalent to ownership.

 

Personal Trading and Investment Activity 

The adviser imposes specific requirements related to each covered person’s personal trading and investment activity.

 

The adviser considers the effects of various types of trading, including short term trading and trading in new issues as a potential conflict of interest. Similarly, the adviser may impose specific requirements related to investments in private placements.

 

The adviser may decline any proposed trade by an employee that:

 

Involves a security that is being or has been purchased or sold by the adviser on behalf of any client account or is being considered for purchase or sale

Is otherwise prohibited under any internal policies of the adviser (such as the adviser’s Policy and Procedures to Detect and Prevent Insider Trading)

Breaches the employee’s fiduciary duty to any client

Is otherwise inconsistent with applicable law, including the Advisers Act and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA)

Creates an appearance of impropriety

 

The Procedures section addresses the adviser’s specific procedures for these types of investments and trading.

 

 

 

 

Service as a Director 

No employee may serve as a director of a publicly-held company without prior approval of the CCO (or a senior principal) based upon a determination that service as a director would not negatively impact the interests of any client. Whenever service is authorized, the CCO will establish procedures to ensure an employee serving as a director will be segregated from other employees who are involved in making decisions as to the securities of that company, if applicable. These practices may also constitute illegal “insider trading.” Some of the specific trading rules described below are also intended, in part, to prevent front running and scalping. If an account is managed on a fully discretionary basis by an investment adviser other than the adviser, these rules will not apply if the employee(s) who has (have) a beneficial ownership interest in the account does not have or exercise any discretion. Such accounts will remain subject to the reporting requirements set forth in the next section of this Code.

 

Gifts and Entertainment 

A gift of nominal value is defined as cash, cash equivalent, physical item, service, or event tickets with a value not to exceed $100.00. Any gifts given or received by the adviser or any of its employees are considered in aggregate whether or not they were given/received by the same or different people at the adviser or the other firm or party.

 

An entertainment event includes any conference, meal or sponsored outing.

 

No employee or member of an employee’s immediate family may receive any gift of more than nominal value from any person or entity, including clients and their service providers, vendors, and competitors. Gifts of nominal value are subject to disclosure requirements as outlined in the Procedures section below.

 

No employee or member of an employee’s immediate family may send any gift of more than nominal value to any person or entity, including clients and their service providers, vendors, and competitors. Procedures for gifts of nominal value are outlined in the Procedures section below.

 

Advisory employees are generally permitted to attend an approved entertainment event provided that the purpose of the meeting is to discuss the adviser’s business, and provided that the employee AND the vendor, service provider or client paying for the event must be in attendance.

 

Similarly, employees may invite clients to an event provided that the purpose of the meeting is to discuss the adviser’s business, and the event has been approved by the CCO or other advisory principal.

 

Records of Expenses 

Employees must submit to the CCO detailed records of the nature and expense of business entertainment that includes the following information, at a minimum:

 

Date(s) of business entertainment

 

Client or vendor and employee names

 

Description of the activity

 

Cost of the activity

 

Borrowing or Loaning Money 

Borrowing money or securities from a client is prohibited unless the client is a broker-dealer, an affiliate of the investment adviser, or a financial institution engaged in the business of loaning funds. Loaning money to a client is prohibited unless the client is an affiliate of the investment adviser. Any exceptions to this policy must be preapproved by the CCO.

 

 

 

 

Duties of Confidentiality 

All client information, including that relating to clients’ portfolios and activities and proposed recommendations, is strictly confidential. Client account information may not be disclosed, except to authorized persons, to comply with a legal order or to the applicable governing regulatory organizations for Ridgeline. This procedure does not impede an employee’s right to make a report directly to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). (See the Reporting Violations of the Code (Whistleblower) detailed below).

 

General Ethical Conduct 

The following are potentially compromising situations that must be avoided:

 

Causing the adviser, acting as principal for its account or for any account in which the adviser or any person associated with the adviser to sell any security to or purchase any security from a client in violation of any applicable law, rule or regulation of a governmental agency

Communicating any information regarding the adviser, the adviser’s investment products or any client to prospective clients, journalists, or regulatory authorities that are not accurate or fails to state a material fact

Engaging in any act, practice, or course of business that is fraudulent, deceptive, or manipulative, particularly with respect to a client or prospective client

Revealing confidential information about the adviser or its clients

Engaging in any conduct that is not in the best interest of the adviser or might appear to be improper

Engaging in any financial transaction with any of the adviser’s vendors, clients or employees without prior CCO approval

Engaging in any form of harassment

Improperly using or authorizing the use of any inventions, programs, technology or knowledge that are the proprietary information of the adviser

Investing or holding outside interests or directorships in a client, vendor, customer or competing companies (including financial speculations), where such investments or directorships might influence a decision or course of action of the adviser

Making an agreement with vendors or other organizations without prior approval of the CCO

Unlawfully discussing trading practices, pricing, clients, research, strategies, processes or markets with competing companies or their employees

 

Misappropriation 

Misappropriating client funds is prohibited. Examples of such acts include (1) unauthorized wire or other transfers in and out of client accounts; (2) borrowing client funds; (3) stealing client checks that are intended to be added or debited to existing accounts; and (4) liquidating client securities and taking the proceeds.

 

Insider Trading 

The adviser has adopted the following policies and procedures to detect and prevent the misuse of material, nonpublic information by employees of the adviser.

 

 

 

 

Policy Statement on Insider Trading 

The adviser prohibits any officer, director or employee from trading, either personally or on behalf of others, on material nonpublic information or communicating material nonpublic information to others in violation of the law. This conduct is frequently referred to as “insider trading.” The adviser’s policy applies to every officer, director, and employee and extends to activities within and outside their duties. Any questions regarding the adviser’s policy and procedures should be referred to the CCO.

 

The term “insider trading” is not defined in the federal securities laws, but generally is used to refer to the use of material nonpublic information to trade in securities (whether or not one is an “insider”) or to communications of material nonpublic information to others.

 

While the law concerning insider trading is dynamic, it is generally understood that the law prohibits the following:

 

Trading by an insider while in possession of material nonpublic information

Trading by a non-insider, while in possession of material nonpublic information, where the information either was disclosed to the non-insider in violation of an insider’s duty to keep it confidential or was misappropriated

Communicating material nonpublic information to others in violation of one’s duty to keep such information confidential

 

Insider

The definition of an “insider” is broad. It includes officers, directors, and employees of a company. In addition, a person can be a “temporary insider” if he or she enters into a special confidential relationship in the conduct of a company’s affairs and, as a result, is given access to information solely for the company’s purposes. A temporary insider can include certain “outsiders” such as, among others, a company’s attorneys, accountants, consultants, bank lending officers, and the employees of such organizations.

 

Material Information 

While covered persons are prohibited from trading on inside information, trading on inside information is not a basis for liability unless the information is “material.” Information generally is material if there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable person would consider it important in making his or her investment decisions, or if public dissemination of the information is reasonably certain to have a substantial effect on the price of a company’s securities. Information that should be presumed to be material includes but is not limited to: dividend changes; earnings estimates; changes in previously released earnings estimates; significant merger or acquisition proposals or agreements; commencement of or developments in major litigation; liquidation problems; and extraordinary management developments.

 

Questions one might ask in determining whether the information is material include:

 

Is this information that a client would consider important in making his or her investment decisions? Is this information that would substantially affect the market price of the securities if generally disclosed?

Is the information nonpublic? To whom has this information been provided? Has the information been effectively communicated to the marketplace by being published in a recognized national distribution agency or publication such as Reuters, The Wall Street Journal or other such widely circulated publications?

 

Caution must be exercised, however, because material information does not necessarily have to relate to a company’s business.

 

 

 

 

Nonpublic Information 

Information is nonpublic until it has been effectively communicated to the marketplace. One must be able to point to some facts to show that the information is generally public. For example, the information found in a report filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or appearing in Dow Jones, Reuters Economic Services, The Wall Street Journal or other publications of general circulation would be considered public.

 

Types of Liability 

A non-insider can enter into a confidential relationship with the company through which they gain information or they can acquire a fiduciary duty to the company’s shareholders as “tippees” if they are aware or should have been aware that they have been given confidential information by an insider.

 

In the “tippee” situation, a breach of duty occurs only if the insider personally benefits, directly or indirectly, from the disclosure. It is important to note that the benefit does not have to be monetary; it can be a gift and can even be a ‘reputational’ benefit that will translate into future earnings.

 

Penalties for Insider Trading 

Penalties for trading on or communicating material nonpublic information are severe, both for individuals involved in the trading (or tipping) and their employers. A person can be subject to some or all of the penalties below even if he or she does not personally benefit from the violation. Penalties include:

 

Civil injunctions

Damages in a civil suit as much as three times the amount of actual damages suffered by other buyers or sellers

Disgorgement of profits

Jail sentences

Fines for the person who committed the violation of up to three times the profit gained or loss avoided, whether or not the person actually benefited

Fines for the employer or other controlling person of up to the greater of $1,000,000 or three times the amount of the profit gained or loss avoided

Prohibition from employment in the securities industry

 

In addition, any violation of this policy statement can be expected to result in serious disciplinary measures by the adviser, including dismissal of the persons involved.

 

Reporting Violations of the Code (Whistleblower) 

Knowing what types of regulatory and compliance breaches must be reported is the job of every associated person of the adviser. Advisory personnel are required to report any apparent, suspect or known violation of the code to the CCO or to a partner of the firm if the CCO is not reachable or is involved in the breach. Examples of compliance breaches that should be reported include, but are not limited to:

 

Noncompliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations

Fraud or illegal acts involving any aspect of the adviser’s business

Material misstatements in regulatory filings, internal books and records, and client records or reports

 

 

 

 

Activity that is harmful to clients

Deviations from required controls and procedures that safeguard clients and the adviser

Customer grievances

Other concerns

 

Such reports will be treated confidentially to the extent permitted by law and investigated promptly and appropriately. Retaliation against an individual who reports a violation is prohibited and constitutes a further violation of the Code.

 

Any violation of the Code may result in disciplinary action that the adviser deems appropriate, including but not limited to a warning, fines, disgorgement, suspension, demotion, or termination of employment. In addition to sanctions, violations may result in referral to civil or criminal authorities where appropriate.

 

All officers, directors, employees, investment advisory representatives, or other associated persons always retain the right to make a report directly to the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Pay-To-Play 

“Pay-to-play” refers to the practice whereby an adviser or its employees make political contributions for the purpose of obtaining or retaining advisory contracts with government entities relating to private pension plans or municipal securities offerings. The SEC rule 206(4)-5 under the Advisers Act prevents an adviser from making political contributions intended to influence the award of advisory contracts by public officials. General fiduciary principles under the Advisers Act may require an adviser to take reasonable steps to ensure that any political contributions made by it or its employees are not intended to obtain or retain the advisory business.

 

Currently, Ridgeline does not seek to engage in business specifically with governmental entities; therefore, political contributions are not monitored. We will continue to monitor if business strategies change.

 

Firm Procedures 

The CCO has determined that all employees are covered by the adviser’s code of ethics. In the following procedures, all such persons are referred to as “covered persons.”

 

The CCO will assume responsibility for maintaining, in an accessible place, the following materials:

 

1.    Copy of this code of ethics 

2.    Record of any violation of these procedures for the most recent five years, and a detailed synopsis of the actions taken in response 

3.    Copy of each personal account transaction report submitted by each officer, director, and employee of the adviser for the most recent five years 

4.    List of all persons who are or have been required to file personal account transaction reports

 

Insider Trading 

In an effort to prevent insider trading, the CCO or designee will do the following: 

 

 

 

 

1.    Answer questions and document responses regarding the adviser’s policy and procedures

2.    Provide an educational program to familiarize covered persons with the adviser’s insider trading policy and procedures

3.    Require each employee to acknowledge his or her receipt and compliance with the insider trading policy and procedures on an annual basis, and retain acknowledgments among the adviser’s central compliance records

4.    Resolve issues of whether information received by an employee of the adviser is material and nonpublic and document findings

5.    Review on a regular basis and update as necessary the adviser’s insider trading policy and procedures and document any resulting amendments or revisions

6.    When it is determined that an employee of the adviser has material nonpublic information, implement measures to prevent dissemination of such information and if necessary, restrict covered persons from trading in the securities

 

In an effort to detect insider trading, the CCO or designee will perform the following actions:

 

1.    Review the personal account trading activity reports (or duplicate personal account statements) filed by each officer, director, and employee of the adviser, documenting findings by initialing and dating the forms or reports reviewed

2.    Require officers, directors and covered persons to submit periodic reports of personal trading activity, and to attest to the completeness of each individual’s disclosure of outside securities accounts at the time of hiring and at least annually thereafter

 

To determine whether the adviser’s covered persons have complied with the rules described above (and to detect possible insider trading), the CCO will have access to and will review transactions effected in Covered Accounts within 30 days after the end of each quarter. The CCO will compare transactions in Covered Accounts with transactions in client accounts for transactions or trading patterns that suggest violations of this Policy or a potential front running, scalping, or other practices that constitute or could appear to involve abuses of covered persons’ positions. Annually each covered person must certify that he or she has read and understands this Code, that he or she recognizes that this Code applies to him or her and that he or she has complied with all of the rules and requirements of this Code that apply to him or her. The CCO is charged with responsibility for collection, review, and retention of the certifications submitted by covered persons.

 

Personal Account Securities Trading 

Although covered persons are not prohibited under this policy from trading securities for their own accounts at the same time that they are involved in trading on behalf of the adviser, they must do so only in full compliance with this Policy and their fiduciary obligations. At all times, the interests of the adviser’s clients will prevail over the covered person’s interest. No trades or trading strategies used by a covered person may conflict with the adviser’s strategies or the markets in which the adviser is trading. The adviser’s covered persons may not use the adviser’s proprietary trading strategies to develop or implement new strategies that may otherwise disadvantage the adviser or its clients. Personal account trading must be done on the covered person’s own time without compromising his or her advisory duties. No transactions should be undertaken that are beyond the financial resources of the covered person.

 

No employee may purchase new publicly offered issues of any securities (“New Issue Securities”) or may purchase securities of a limited offering for any Covered Account in the public offering of those securities without the prior written consent of the CCO. 

 

 

 

Each covered person must, at the onset of employment and immediately following subsequent events involving the acquisition of securities (marriage, inheritance, etc.), disclose to the CCO the identities, amounts, and locations of all securities he/she owns. On an annual basis, each employee will be required to confirm the location of all covered accounts. In all cases, duplicate statements and trade confirmations must be sent directly to the CCO from the custodian. All statements of holdings, duplicate trade confirmations, duplicate account statements, and monthly and quarterly reports will generally be held in confidence by the CCO. However, the CCO may provide access to any of those materials to other members of the adviser’s management in order to resolve questions regarding compliance with this Policy and regarding potential purchases or sales for client accounts, and the adviser may provide regulatory authorities with access to those materials where required to do so under applicable laws, regulations, or orders of such authorities.

 

Preclearance: No Covered person may purchase or sell any non-exempt security for any Covered Account without first obtaining prior approval from the CCO (in the case of the CCO’s own personal request to purchase or sell non-exempt security, the CCO shall render prior approval). For purposes of this Policy, the term “exempt securities” means securities that are direct obligations of the Government of the United States, money market instruments (bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper, repurchase agreements and other high quality short-term debt instruments), money market funds, mutual funds (unless the adviser or a control affiliate acts as the investment adviser or principal underwriter for the fund), exchange-traded funds (ETFs) unit investment trusts invested exclusively in open-ended mutual funds (unless the adviser or a control affiliate acts as the investment adviser or principal underwriter for any of the funds), and securities traded in accounts over which an employee does not exercise any investment discretion. It is the covered person’s obligation to ensure that pre-clearance requests are provided to the CCO. The CCO may take any and all steps it deems appropriate in rendering or denying approval for the proposed trade. In the event that the CCO is not accessible, all pre-clearance requests will be forwarded directly to the managing partner. NO action may be taken until approval is attained. Pre- clearance authorization for a transaction is only valid for the day on which the approval is granted. If the transaction is not completed that day, the covered person must have the proposed transaction approved again. This requirement applies to transactions involving open market orders and limit or other types of securities.

 

Gifts and Entertainment 

The CCO is responsible for supervising the adviser’s Gift and Entertainment policies. To monitor compliance, employees must report to the CCO:

 

●     Gifts given and received within 5 business days prior to giving or after receiving the gift. 

●     Events attended and/or hosted within 5 business days prior to extending an invitation or upon receipt of an invitation to attend an event.

 

As evidence of compliance, the adviser will maintain written records of gifts given/received and events attended/sponsored and retain the records among the central compliance files of the adviser.

 

Misappropriation 

To prevent the misappropriation of client funds, the adviser will implement one or more of the following procedures:

 

●     Verify changes of address with the client by requesting such changes in writing from the client or by verifying the change through a telephone call or email to the client. 

 

 

 

 

●     Ensure employees do not have the ability to alter account statements on-line. 

●     Closely analyze clients’ use of any address other than their home address. Use of P.O. boxes, “in care of” addresses, and other than home addresses are prohibited, or verified by telephone and in writing directly with the client by a supervisor or firm compliance employee. Duplicate confirmations and account statements are sent to the client’s home address, whenever possible. 

●     If possible, provide clients with access to their account statements on a secure website so that clients can easily verify activity in their accounts. 

●     Require each employee who has knowledge of misappropriation client funds to promptly report the situation to the CCO.

 

Compliance Breach 

The CCO will promptly investigate any reported compliance breach that results in a violation of the Code. Each compliance breach will be recorded in a table or other internal document that is to include such information as:

 

●     Type of breach 

●     Description of the breach including how the breach was discovered, how the breach was reported to the firm, and the monetary impact of the breach, if any 

●     Date(s) the breach occurred 

●     Advisory personnel involved 

●     Client(s) involved 

●     Status (i.e. Pending; Resolved) 

●     Description of the resolution

 

Upon resolution, the CCO or designee will print a summary of the matter on Ridgeline letterhead, sign the summary and retain it internally among the central compliance files along with any other supporting documentation related to the breach.

 

 

 

 

 

ETF Opportunities Trust N-1A/A 

Exhibit 99.(q)

 

ETF OPPORTUNITIES TRUST

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS that the undersigned Trustee of ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust, hereby revokes all previous appointments and appoints Karen M. Shupe, David A. Bogaert, and Ann T. MacDonald, with full power of substitution, true and lawful attorney of the undersigned to execute in name, place and stead of the undersigned and on behalf of the undersigned any and all amendments to the Trust’s registration statement on Form N-1A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, Form N-CEN, and any and all registration statements on Form N-14, Form 8-A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and to file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and any other regulatory authority having jurisdiction over the offer and sale of shares of beneficial interests of the Trust (including, without limitation, regulatory authorities in any and all states in which shares of any series of the Trust are sold), any such amendment or registration statement and any and all supplements thereto or to any prospectus or statement of additional information forming a part of the registration statement, as well as any and all exhibits and other documents necessary or desirable to the amendment or supplement process.  Said attorneys, and each of them, shall have full power and authority, with full power of substitution, to do and perform in the name and on behalf of the undersigned every act whatsoever requisite or desirable to be done in the premises in any and all capacities authorized by the Board of Trustees for such persons to provide or perform with respect to the Trust, as fully and to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do, the undersigned hereby ratifying and approving all such acts of such attorneys.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this instrument on this the 4th day of December, 2019.

 

 

/s/ Mary Lou H. Ivey

 

Mary Lou H. Ivey

 

 

 

/s/ David J. Urban

 

David J. Urban

 

 

 

/s/ Theo H. Pitt, Jr.

 

Theo H. Pitt, Jr.

 

 

 

/s/ Kevin Faragher

 

Kevin Farragher