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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
 
þ
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013
 
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM              TO
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 001-33776
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
 
98-0526415
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. employer identification number)
111 Duke Street, Suite 5000; Montréal, Québec; Canada H3C 2M1
(Address of principal executive offices)    (Zip Code)
(514) 875-2515
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock, par value $.001 per share
 
New York Stock Exchange
Toronto Stock Exchange
(Title of class)
 
(Name of exchange on which registered)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   Yes  þ     No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.   Yes  ¨     No  þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  þ     No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   Yes  þ     No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer     þ
Accelerated filer     ¨
Non-accelerated filer     ¨
Smaller reporting company    ¨
 
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).   Yes  ¨     No  þ
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter ( June 28, 2013 ) was approximately $864 million .
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.   Yes  þ   No  ¨
As of January 31, 2014 , there were 94,546,260 shares of Resolute Forest Products Inc. common stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2013 are incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K in response to Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.
 


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15.
 
 


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CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION AND USE OF
THIRD-PARTY DATA
Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”) that are not reported financial results or other historical information of Resolute Forest Products Inc. (with its subsidiaries and affiliates, either individually or collectively, unless otherwise indicated, referred to as “Resolute Forest Products,” “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company”) are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. They include, for example, statements relating to our: efforts to reach resolution concerning the funding relief measures related to the material Canadian registered pension plans; efforts to continue to reduce costs and increase revenues and profitability, including our cost reduction initiatives; business and operating outlook; assessment of market conditions; prospects, growth strategies and the industry in which we operate; and strategies for achieving our goals generally, including the strategies described in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Our Business,” of this Form 10-K. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words “should,” “would,” “could,” “will,” “may,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “attempt,” “project” and other terms with similar meaning indicating possible future events or potential impact on our business or shareholders.
The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are not guarantees of future performance. These statements are based on management’s current assumptions, beliefs and expectations, all of which involve a number of business risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. The potential risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual future financial condition, results of operations and performance to differ materially from those expressed or implied in this Form 10-K include the risks described in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”
All forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K are expressly qualified by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section and in our other filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the Canadian securities regulatory authorities. We disclaim any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Market and Industry Data
Certain information about industry or general economic conditions contained in this Form 10-K is derived from third-party sources and certain trade publications that we believe are widely accepted and accurate; however, we have not independently verified this information and cannot provide assurances of its accuracy.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
We are a global leader in the forest products industry, with a diverse range of products, including newsprint, specialty papers, market pulp and wood products, which are marketed in close to 90 countries. We own or operate over 40 pulp and paper mills and wood products facilities in the United States, Canada and South Korea, and power generation assets in Canada.
Resolute Forest Products Inc., a Delaware corporation, was formed on January 25, 2007, from the merger of Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. (“Abitibi”) and Bowater Incorporated. The ticker symbol for our common stock is “RFP” and trades on both the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) and the Toronto Stock Exchange (the “TSX”).


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Executive Officers
The following is information about our executive officers as of March 3, 2014:
Name
Age
Position
Officer Since    
Richard Garneau
66
President and Chief Executive Officer
2011
Pierre Laberge
57
Senior Vice President, Human Resources
2011
John Lafave
49
Senior Vice President, Pulp and Paper Sales and Marketing
2011
Yves Laflamme
57
Senior Vice President, Wood Products, Procurement and Information Technology
2007
Jo-Ann Longworth
53
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
2011
André Piché
55
Senior Vice President, Pulp and Paper Operations
2014
Richard Tremblay
50
Senior Vice President, Pulp and Paper Operations
2014
Jacques P. Vachon
54
Senior Vice President, Corporate Affairs and Chief Legal Officer
2007
Mr. Garneau joined the board of directors in June 2010. Previously, Mr. Garneau served as president and chief executive officer of Catalyst Paper Corporation from March 2007 to May 2010. Prior to his tenure at Catalyst, Mr. Garneau served as executive vice president, operations at Domtar Corporation. He also held a variety of roles at Norampac Inc. (a joint-venture of Domtar Inc. and Cascades Inc.), Copernic Inc., Future Electronics Inc., St. Laurent Paperboard Inc., Finlay Forest Industries Inc. and Donohue Inc. Mr. Garneau is a member of the Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada.
Mr. Laberge previously served as senior vice president, human resources and public affairs from June 2011 to February 2012 and as vice president, human resources for our Canadian operations from January 2011 to May 2011.
Mr. Lafave previously served as vice president sales, national accounts – paper sales, vice president sales, national accounts – newsprint, vice president sales, commercial printers of Abitibi from 2004 to 2009. He held progressive positions in sales with UPM-Kymmene and Repap Enterprises.
Mr. Laflamme previously served as senior vice president, wood products from October 2007 to January 2011, as senior vice president, woodlands and sawmills of Abitibi from 2006 to October 2007, and as vice president, sales, marketing and value-added wood products operations of Abitibi from 2004 to 2005.
Ms. Longworth previously served as special advisor to the president and chief executive officer, focusing on special mandates, from July 4, 2011 to August 31, 2011. She served as senior vice president and chief accounting officer with World Color Inc. (formerly Quebecor World Inc.) from 2008 to 2010, as chief financial officer with Skyservice Inc. from 2007 to 2008, as vice president and controller with Novelis, Inc. from 2005 to 2006, and held a number of financial and operational roles over a 16-year career with Alcan Inc.
Mr. Piché previously served as interim senior vice president, pulp and paper operations from November 1, 2013 to February 4, 2014. He served as vice president, pulp and paper operations from October 2012 to October 2013, as vice president, operational excellence from November 2007 to September 2012, and as general manager of the Baie-Comeau, Laurentide and Clermont mills between 1996 and 2008.
Mr. Tremblay previously served as interim senior vice president, pulp and paper operations from November 1, 2013 to February 4, 2014. He served as vice president, pulp and paper operations from June 2011 to October 2013. Prior to joining Resolute in June 2011, he served as general manager of several mills at Smurfit Stone Container Corporation between 2002 and 2011.
Mr. Vachon previously served as senior vice president and chief legal officer from January 2011 to February 2012, as senior vice president, corporate affairs and chief legal officer from October 2007 to January 2011, and as senior vice president, corporate affairs and secretary of Abitibi from 1997 to October 2007.
Our Products
We manage our business based on the products we manufacture. Our reportable segments correspond to our principal product lines: newsprint, specialty papers, market pulp and wood products. Certain segment and geographical financial information, including sales by segment and by geographic area, operating income (loss) by segment and long-lived assets by geographic area, can be found in Note 20, “Segment Information ” to our consolidated financial statements and related notes (“Consolidated Financial Statements”) appearing in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Form 10-K (“Item 8”). As of the fourth quarter of 2013, the results from our coated papers operations have been integrated with the specialty papers segment. This better reflects management's internal analysis, given the increasingly high degree of substitution with

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supercalender grades, and the diminishing percentage coated papers represents in our product portfolio. Comparative year information, including the information presented below, has been modified to conform to this revised segment presentation.
In accordance with our values, our environmental vision statement and forestry policies and in the interests of our customers and other stakeholders, we are committed to implementing and maintaining environmental management systems at our pulp, paper, woodlands and wood procurement operations to promote the conservation and sustainable use of forests and other natural resources. We and other member companies of the Forest Products Association of Canada, as well as a number of environmental organizations, are partners in the Canadian Boreal Forest Agreement. The group works to identify solutions to conservation issues that meet the goal of balancing equally the three pillars of sustainability linked to human activities: economic, social and environmental. We are also a member of the World Wildlife Fund’s Climate Savers program, in which businesses establish ambitious targets to voluntarily reduce greenhouse gas emissions and work aggressively toward achieving them.
Newsprint
We produce newsprint at 11 facilities in North America and one facility in South Korea. With total capacity of approximately 2.9 million  metric tons, or approximately 10% of total worldwide capacity, we are the largest producer of newsprint in the world by capacity. We are also the largest North American producer of newsprint, with total North American capacity of approximately 2.7 million metric tons, or approximately 38% of total North American capacity. We sell newsprint to newspaper publishers all over the world and also to commercial printers in North America for uses such as inserts and flyers. In 2013 , approximately 44% of our total newsprint shipments were to markets outside of North America. Additionally, joint venture partners (partners with us in the ownership of certain mills we operate) purchased approximately 348,000 metric tons of newsprint from our consolidated entities in 2013 , which represented approximately 15% of the total newsprint we sold.
Specialty papers
We produce specialty papers at eight facilities in North America. Our specialty papers segment is composed of uncoated mechanical papers, including supercalendered, superbright, high bright, bulky book and directory papers, as well as coated mechanical papers. With total capacity of approximately 1.4 million metric tons, or approximately 34% of total North American capacity, we are the largest producer of uncoated mechanical papers in North America, and the third largest in the world. Also, with 580,000 metric tons of capacity, or approximately 18% of total North American capacity, we are North America’s third largest producer of coated mechanical papers. Our specialty papers are used in books, retail inserts, direct mail, coupons, magazines, catalogs and other commercial printing applications. We sell specialty papers to major commercial printers, direct mailers, publishers, catalogers and retailers, mostly in North America.
Market pulp
We produce market pulp at seven facilities in North America, with total capacity of approximately 1.7 million metric tons, or approximately 10% of total North American capacity, making us the third largest pulp producer in North America. Approximately 80% of our virgin pulp capacity is softwood-based: northern bleached softwood kraft pulp, southern bleached softwood kraft pulp and fluff pulp. We are also a competitive producer of northern bleached hardwood kraft pulp and southern bleached hardwood kraft pulp, and a leading producer of recycled bleached kraft pulp. Wood pulp is the most commonly used material to make paper. Pulp not converted into paper is sold as market pulp, which is used to make a range of consumer products including tissue, packaging, specialty paper products, diapers and other absorbent products. Approximately 32% of our 2013 market pulp shipments were exported outside of North America, including significant exports to Europe (14%), Asia (8%) and Latin America (6%).
Wood products
We operate 16 sawmills in Canada that produce construction-grade lumber sold in North America, mostly on the east coast. Our sawmills produce dimension spruce-pine-fir lumber and are a major source of wood chips for our pulp and paper mills and wood residue we use as fuel in our power cogeneration assets and other operations. In 2013, we shipped 1.5 billion board feet of construction-grade lumber within North America. We also operate two engineered wood products facilities in Canada that produce I-joists for the construction industry and two remanufacturing wood products facilities in Canada that produce bed frame components, finger joints and furring strips.
For additional information on our corporate strategy, see “Our Business” under Item 7.

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Pulp and paper manufacturing facilities
The following table lists the pulp and paper manufacturing facilities and the number of paper machines we owned or operated as of December 31, 2013 (excluding facilities and paper machines that have been permanently closed as of December 31, 2013 ) and production information by product line (which represents all of our reportable segments except wood products). The table shows actual 2013 production, which reflects the impact of any downtime taken in 2013 , and the 2014 capacity.  
   
Number
of Paper
Machines
2014
2013
2013 Production By Product Line
(In 000s of metric tons)
Total Capacity
Total Production
Newsprint
Specialty
Papers
Market Pulp
Canada
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alma, Québec
3
345

 
330

 

 
330

 

 
Amos, Québec
1
197

 
194

 
194

 

 

 
Baie-Comeau, Québec
3
463

 
434

 
434

 

 

 
Clermont, Québec (1)
2
334

 
311

 
311

 

 

 
Dolbeau, Québec
1
138

 
124

 

 
124

 

 
Fort Frances, Ontario (2)
1
97

 
110

 

 
110

 

 
Gatineau, Québec (3)
1
184

 
103

 
103

 

 

 
Iroquois Falls, Ontario (4)
2
225

 
213

 
185

 
28

 

 
Kénogami, Québec
1
137

 
135

 

 
135

 

 
Laurentide, Québec
1
191

 
173

 

 
173

 

 
Saint-Félicien, Québec
356

 
325

 

 

 
325

 
Thorold, Ontario
1
197

 
145

 
145

 

 

 
Thunder Bay, Ontario
1
560

 
517

 
202

 

 
315

 
United States
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Augusta, Georgia
2
403

 
381

 
381

 

 

 
Calhoun, Tennessee (5)
3
609

 
476

 
42

 
289

 
145

 
Catawba, South Carolina
3
864

 
699

 

 
487

 
212

 
Coosa Pines, Alabama
263

 
261

 

 

 
261

 
Fairmont, West Virginia
218

 
167

 

 

 
167

 
Grenada, Mississippi
1
246

 
229

 
229

 

 

 
Menominee, Michigan
178

 
155

 

 

 
155

 
Usk, Washington (6)
1
244

 
233

 
233

 

 

 
South Korea
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mokpo, South Korea
1
200

 
195

 
195

 

 

 
 
29
6,649

 
5,910

 
2,654

 
1,676

 
1,580

 
(1)  
Donohue Malbaie Inc. (“DMI”), which owns one of Clermont’s paper machines, is owned 51% by us and 49% by NYT Capital Inc. We manage the facility and wholly own all of the other assets at the site. Manufacturing costs are transferred between us and DMI at agreed-upon transfer costs. DMI’s paper machine produced 212,000 metric tons of newsprint in 2013 . The amounts in the above table represent the mill’s total capacity and production including DMI’s paper machine.
(2)  
On January 14, 2014, we announced an extended period of market-related outage for a paper machine in Fort Frances. This outage is expected to last through the first quarter of 2014 at minimum (representing approximately 24,000 metric tons of specialty capacity). The 2014 capacity does not include any capacity from either the indefinitely idled kraft mill nor from the other indefinitely idled specialty paper machine.
(3)  
Our Gatineau facility, which was closed in 2010, was restarted on May 14, 2013.
(4)  
On October 24, 2013, we announced the permanent closure of a paper machine in Iroquois Falls. The closure is expected to take effect within 6 months of the announcement date (representing approximately 45,000 metric tons of capacity).

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(5)  
On March 11, 2013, we acquired the noncontrolling interest in Calhoun Newsprint Company (“CNC”), which was previously owned 51% by us and 49% by Herald Company, Inc. Following the acquisition we indefinitely idled the paper machine previously owned by CNC on March 12, 2013 (representing approximately 215,000 metric tons of newsprint capacity). In 2014, we began to use the machine on an intermittent basis.
(6)  
Ponderay Newsprint Company is located in Usk, Washington and is an unconsolidated partnership in which we have a 40% interest and, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, we are the managing partner. The balance of the partnership is held by affiliates of three newspaper publishers. The amounts in the above table represent the mill’s total capacity and production.
Wood products facilities
The following table lists the sawmills we owned or operated as of December 31, 2013 and their respective 2014 capacity and 2013 production. We do not have access to enough timber to operate the sawmills at their total capacity. This table excludes facilities that have been permanently closed as of December 31, 2013 .  
 
 
2014
 
2013
(In million board feet)
 
Total Capacity
 
Total Production
Comtois, Québec
 
145

 
 
41

 
Girardville-Normandin, Québec
 
218

 
 
197

 
La Doré, Québec
 
185

 
 
185

 
La Tuque, Québec (1)
 
175

 
 
99

 
Maniwaki, Québec
 
160

 
 
88

 
Mistassini, Québec
 
175

 
 
164

 
Obedjiwan, Québec (2)
 
65

 
 
42

 
Pointe-aux-Outardes, Québec
 
175

 
 
94

 
Roberval, Québec
 
143

 
 
17

 
Saint-Félicien, Québec
 
160

 
 
128

 
Saint-Fulgence, Québec
 
167

 
 
7

 
Saint-Hilarion, Québec
 
85

 
 
26

 
Saint-Ludger-de-Milot, Québec (3)
 
135

 
 
100

 
Saint-Thomas, Québec
 
75

 
 
68

 
Senneterre, Québec
 
155

 
 
101

 
Thunder Bay, Ontario
 
300

 
 
261

 
 
 
2,518

 
 
1,618

 
(1)  
Forest Products Mauricie L.P. is located in La Tuque and is a consolidated subsidiary in which we have a 93.2% interest. The amounts in the above table represent the mill’s total capacity and production.
(2)  
Sociéte en Commandite Scierie Opitciwan is located in Obedjiwan and is an unconsolidated entity in which we have a 45% interest. The amounts in the above table represent the mill’s total capacity and production.
(3)  
Produits Forestiers Petit-Paris Inc. is located in Saint-Ludger-de-Milot and is an unconsolidated entity in which we have a 50% interest. The amounts in the above table represent the mill’s total capacity and production.

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The following table lists the remanufacturing and engineered wood products facilities we owned or operated as of December 31, 2013 and their respective 2014 capacity and 2013 production.  
 
 
2014
 
2013
(In million board feet, except where otherwise stated)
 
Total Capacity
 
Total Production
Remanufacturing Wood Products Facilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Château-Richer, Québec
 
66

 
 
66

 
La Doré, Québec
 
16

 
 
16

 
Total Remanufacturing Wood Facilities
 
82

 
 
82

 
Engineered Wood Products Facilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Larouche and Saint-Prime, Québec (million linear feet) (1)
 
145

 
 
99

 
(1)  
Abitibi-LP Engineered Wood Inc. and Abitibi-LP Engineered Wood II Inc. are located in Larouche and Saint-Prime, respectively, and are unconsolidated entities in which we have a 50% interest in each entity. We operate the facilities and our joint venture partners sell the products. The amounts in the above table represent the mills’ total capacity and production.
On October 12, 2006, an agreement regarding Canada’s softwood lumber exports to the U.S. became effective (the “2006 Softwood Lumber Agreement”). The 2006 Softwood Lumber Agreement provides for, among other things, softwood lumber to be subject to one of two ongoing border restrictions, depending upon the province of first manufacture with several provinces being exempt from these border restrictions. Volume quotas have been established for each company within the provinces of Ontario and Québec based on historical production, and the volume quotas are not transferable between provinces. Quota volume restrictions are lifted if U.S. composite prices rise above $355 composite per thousand board feet. On January 23, 2012, Canada and the U.S. announced a two-year extension to the 2006 Softwood Lumber Agreement, through October 2015.
Other products
We also sell green power produced from renewable sources, recovered paper, wood chips and other wood related products to customers located in Canada and the United States. Sales of these other products are considered a recovery of the cost of manufacturing our primary products.
Raw Materials
Our operations consume substantial amounts of raw materials such as wood, recovered paper, chemicals and energy in the manufacturing of our paper, pulp and wood products. We purchase raw materials and energy sources (except internal generation) primarily on the open market.
Wood
Our sources of wood include property we own or lease, property on which we possess harvesting rights, wood harvested from timber supply guarantees, and purchases from local producers, including sawmills that supply residual wood chips. As of December 31, 2013 , we owned or leased approximately 0.1 million acres of timberlands. In Ontario, we had long-term harvesting rights for approximately 22.1 million acres of Crown-owned land. The harvesting rights licenses in Ontario are 20 years in length and automatically renew every five years, contingent upon our continual compliance with environmental performance and reforestation requirements. In Québec, new legislation has replaced the use of timber supply and forest management agreements with timber supply guarantees on Crown-owned land as of April 1, 2013. As a result, we no longer own long-term harvesting rights contracts in Québec but instead are allocated a certain volume of supply through timber supply guarantees. As of April 1, 2013, we were allocated 4.8 million cubic meters of supply through the timber supply guarantees. These guarantees are five years in length and are renewable, subject to certain conditions.
All of our managed forest lands are third-party certified to one or more globally recognized sustainable forest management standards, including those of the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (the “SFI”) and the Forest Stewardship Council (the “FSC”). We have implemented fiber tracking systems at all of our North American mills to ensure that our wood fiber supply comes from acceptable sources such as certified forests and legal harvesting operations. These systems are third-party certified to recognized chain of custody standards.
We depend heavily on harvesting rights and timber supply guarantees over crown land in Ontario and Québec, respectively, which are effectively renewable licenses granted by the provincial governments, subject to certain conditions. In particular, the volume of harvest permitted under these licenses is subject to limits, sometimes referred to as the “annual allowable cut,” which are reviewed regularly, typically every five years. For example, in 2006 the chief forester of the province of Québec ordered a reduction in the allowable harvest, from 2004 levels, of 24% over five years starting in 2008, with a final assessment

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expected this year. In 2011, the chief forester announced an interim reduction of a further 10% to the allowable harvest over 2013 and 2014. About 25% of the then remaining timber supply guarantees allocated in Québec were transferred to an open auction system that began to be implemented over the course of 2013.
We strive to improve our forest management and wood fiber procurement practices and we encourage our wood and fiber suppliers to demonstrate continual improvement in forest resource management, wood and fiber procurement and third-party certification.
Recovered paper
We are one of the largest recyclers of newspapers and magazines in North America and have a number of recycling plants that use advanced mechanical and chemical processes to manufacture high quality pulp from a mixture of old newspapers, old magazines and sorted office paper, or “recovered paper.” Using recovered paper, we produce, among other things, recycled fiber newsprint and uncoated specialty papers comparable in quality to paper produced with 100% virgin fiber pulp. The Thorold and Mokpo newsprint operations, and the Menominee and Fairmont pulp operations, produce products containing 100% recycled fiber. In 2013 , we used 1.1 million metric tons of recovered paper in our production processes and the recycled fiber content in the newsprint we produced averaged 18%.
In 2013 , we collected or purchased 1.3 million metric tons of recovered paper. Our Paper Retriever ® and ecorewards ® programs collect recovered fiber through a combination of community drop-off containers and recycling programs with businesses and commercial offices. The recovered paper that we physically purchase is from suppliers generally within the region of our recycling plants, primarily under long-term agreements.
Energy
Steam and electrical power constitute the primary forms of energy used in pulp and paper production. Process steam is produced in boilers using a variety of fuel sources, as well as heat recovery units in mechanical pulp facilities. All but two of our mills produced 100% of their own steam requirements. In 2013 , our Alma, Calhoun, Catawba, Coosa Pines, Dolbeau, Fort Frances, Gatineau, Kénogami, Saint-Félicien and Thunder Bay operations collectively consumed approximately 44% of their electrical requirements from internal sources, notably on-site cogeneration and hydroelectric dams. The balance of our energy needs was purchased from third parties. We have seven sites that operate cogeneration facilities and all of these sites generate “green energy” from carbon-neutral biomass. In addition, we utilize alternative fuels such as methane from landfills, used oil, tire-derived fuel and black liquor to reduce consumption of fossil fuels.
As of December 31, 2013 , we had one hydroelectric facility (Hydro Saguenay in Québec), which consisted of seven dams with capacity of 170 MW and generation of 1,165 GWh. The water rights agreements required to operate these dams typically range from 10 to 25 years and are generally renewable, under certain conditions, for additional terms. In some cases, the agreements are contingent on the continued operation of the related paper mill and a minimum level of capital spending in the region.
Competition
In general, our products are globally-traded commodities and are marketed in close to 90 countries. The markets in which we compete are highly competitive and, aside from quality specifications to meet customer needs, the production of our products does not depend upon a proprietary process or formula. Pricing and the level of shipments of our products are influenced by the balance between supply and demand as affected by global economic conditions, changes in consumption and capacity, the level of customer and producer inventories and fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Any material decline in prices for our products or other adverse developments in the markets for our products could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Prices for our products have been and are likely to continue to be highly volatile.
Newsprint, one of our principal products, is produced by numerous manufacturers worldwide. In 2013 , the five largest North American producers represented approximately 79% of North American newsprint capacity and the five largest global producers represented approximately 33% of global newsprint capacity. Our total newsprint capacity is approximately 10% of worldwide newsprint capacity. We face competition from both large global producers and numerous smaller regional producers. Price, quality and customer relationships are important competitive determinants.
Our specialty papers, including uncoated mechanical papers and coated mechanical papers, compete on the basis of price, quality, service and breadth of product line. With approximately 34% of North American uncoated mechanical papers capacity, we are the largest producer of uncoated mechanical papers in North America and the third largest in the world. We compete with numerous uncoated mechanical paper producers, with the five largest North American producers representing 76% of the North American uncoated mechanical papers capacity and the five largest global producers representing 50% of global uncoated mechanical papers capacity in 2013 . In addition, imports from overseas accounted for approximately 8% of North American demand in 2013 . We also compete with a number of other coated mechanical paper producers with operations in North America. In 2013, the five largest North American producers represented approximately 85% of North American

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capacity for coated mechanical papers. We compete with numerous worldwide suppliers of other grades of paper such as coated freesheet and supercalendered paper. Imports accounted for approximately 11% of North American demand in 2013.
We compete with a number of other major market pulp producers with operations in North America. Market pulp is a globally-traded commodity for which competition exists in all major markets. We produce six major grades of market pulp (northern and southern hardwood, northern and southern softwood, recycled bleached kraft and fluff) and compete with other producers from South America (eucalyptus hardwood and radiata pine softwood), Europe (northern hardwood and softwood) and Asia (mixed tropical hardwood). Price, quality, service and fiber sources are considered the main competitive determinants.
By the end of 2008, we had completed the certification of all of our managed forest lands to globally-recognized sustainable forest management standards, namely the SFI and the Z809 Standard of the CSA. In 2009, to better respond to market demands, we introduced the FSC standard in our certification portfolio by re-certifying two forest units in Québec from CSA to FSC and by dual-certifying one forest in Ontario to FSC (already certified to SFI). Though certification depends on a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, we remain committed to achieving our goal of FSC certification for at least 80% of the forests we manage or on which we hold significant harvesting rights or timber supply guarantees by 2015.
As with other global commodities, the competitive position of our products is significantly affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. See Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – Foreign Currency Exchange Risk,” of this Form 10-K.
Trends in advertising, electronic data transmission and storage, and the Internet are expected to have further adverse effects on the demand for traditional print media, including our products and those of our customers. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors – Developments in alternative media are expected to continue to adversely affect the demand for our products, especially in North America, and our responses to these developments may not be successful,” of this Form 10-K.
Emergence From Creditor Protection Proceedings
AbitibiBowater Inc. (our predecessor entity) and all but one of its debtor affiliates successfully emerged from creditor protection proceedings under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, as amended (“Chapter 11”) and the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada) (the “CCAA”), as applicable (collectively, the “Creditor Protection Proceedings”) on December 9, 2010 (the “Emergence Date”). The wholly-owned subsidiary operating the Mokpo, South Korea operations and almost all of the less than wholly-owned subsidiaries operated outside of the Creditor Protection Proceedings. We refer to AbitibiBowater Inc. and certain of its U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries as the “Debtors”. We refer to the Chapter 11 Debtors’ Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code and the CCAA Debtors’ CCAA Plan of Reorganization and Compromise , in each case as amended and including all exhibits and supplements thereto, together as the “Plans of Reorganization”, each as a “Plan of Reorganization” and individually as the “Chapter 11 Reorganization Plan” and the “CCAA Reorganization Plan”, respectively. The Plans of Reorganization became effective on the Emergence Date. Pursuant to the Plans of Reorganization, we distributed on the Emergence date the shares of our common stock for the benefit of unsecured creditors in the Creditor Protection Proceedings and we established a reserve of shares for the benefit of holders of disputed claims. By the end of 2013, all disputed claims had been definitively resolved, and the distribution of shares from the disputed claim share reserve in respect thereof had been completed. The Debtors’ Chapter 11 cases are closed; we expect imminently the court-appointed monitor for the CCAA proceedings to apply to the court for its discharge in respect of those CCAA cases, bringing them to a close as well.
Employees
As of December 31, 2013 , we employed approximately 8,400 people, of whom approximately 6,200 were represented by bargaining units, primarily the Unifor Union and the Confederation of National Trade Unions (the “CNTU”) in Canada and predominantly by the United Steelworkers International in the U.S. The collective agreements covering approximately 2,000 employees in Canada are scheduled to expire in 2014, affecting eight of our pulp and paper operations and approximately 35% of our pulp and paper production. We also have collective agreements covering 750 employees in 13 woodlands and sawmills operations in Canada that have either expired or are scheduled to expire in 2014.
While we intend to negotiate to renew collective agreements, there can be no assurance that we will be able to renew agreements on satisfactory terms, or that we will maintain continuously satisfactory agreements with all of our unionized employees. Given our focus on controlling costs, we expect that labor costs and flexibility in managing our operations will be important topics for discussion in the renewal negotiations. If we are unable to renew the agreements, it could result in strikes, work stoppages or disturbances by affected employees, which could cause us to experience a disruption of operations and affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
On February 17, 2014, we announced a five year renewal of the master collective agreement covering four unionized U.S. pulp and paper mills. The agreement covers about 1,500 employees, represented by the United Steelworkers, the International

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Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and the United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing, Pipefitting and Sprinkler Fitting Industry of the U.S. and Canada (the “UA”). The four mills, together with our other U.S. pulp and paper operations, none of which has an expiring collective agreement, represent almost half of our pulp and paper production capacity.
Trademarks
We have registrations or pending applications for the trademarks “RESOLUTE” and “resolute Forest Products & Design” in the countries of our principal markets, as well as “RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS” and “R Design” in Canada and the United States, and “RÉSOLU” and “Produits forestiers résolu & Design” in Canada. We consider our interest in the marks and logos to be important and necessary to the conduct of our business.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to a variety of federal, state, provincial and local environmental laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate. We believe our operations are in material compliance with current applicable environmental laws and regulations. While it is impossible to predict future environmental regulations that may be established, we believe that we will not be at a competitive disadvantage with regard to meeting future Canadian, United States or South Korean standards. For additional information, see Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies – Environmental matters,” to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Internet Availability of Information
We make our Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these reports, available free of charge on our website (www.resolutefp.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after we file or furnish such materials to the SEC. The SEC also maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that contains our reports and other information filed with the SEC. In addition, any materials we file with the SEC may be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C., 20549. Information on the operations of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our reports are also available on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (“SEDAR”) website (www.sedar.com) .
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information set forth in this Form 10-K, you should carefully consider the following factors, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. In particular, the risks described below could cause actual events to differ materially from those contemplated in the forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K. The risks described below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially affect our business, financial condition or future results.
Developments in alternative media are expected to continue to adversely affect the demand for our products, especially in North America, and our responses to these developments may not be successful.
Trends in advertising, electronic data transmission and storage, and the Internet are expected to have further adverse effects on the demand for traditional print media, including our products and those of our customers. Neither the timing nor the extent of those trends can be predicted with certainty. Our newspaper, magazine, book and catalog publishing customers could increase their use of, and indeed compete with, other forms of media and advertising and electronic data transmission and storage, such as television, electronic readers and websites. This could then reduce their consumption of newsprint, commercial printing papers or other products we manufacture. The demand for some of our products has weakened significantly over the last several years; for example, according to industry statistics, North American newsprint demand fell by 25% in 2009, 6% in 2010, 7% in 2011, 1% in 2012 and 9% in 2013. This trend, which similarly affects our specialty papers, could continue as a result of developments in alternative media, lower North American newspaper circulation, weaker advertising, grade substitution and conservation measures taken by publishers and retailers. If the trend of consolidation among our customers continues, there could be fewer customers in the market for our products, and our negotiating position with these customers could be weakened.
We have responded to the changing market dynamics by optimizing assets and streamlining our production. If demand for our products continues to decline, or if the pace of decline accelerates, it may be necessary to curtail production even further, or permanently shut down more machines and facilities. In addition to the potential loss of production, curtailments and shutdowns could result in asset impairments and cash closure costs for the affected facilities, including restructuring charges and exit or disposal costs, which could negatively impact our cash flows and materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.

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We could experience disruptions in operations or increased labor costs due to labor disputes.
As of December 31, 2013, we employed approximately 8,400 people, of whom approximately 6,200 were represented by bargaining units, primarily the Unifor Union and the Confederation of National Trade Unions, or the CNTU, in Canada and the United Steelworkers International in the U.S. The collective agreements covering approximately 2,000 employees in Canada are scheduled to expire in 2014, affecting eight of our pulp and paper operations and approximately 35% of our pulp and paper production. We also have collective agreements covering 750 employees in 13 woodlands and sawmills operations in Canada that have either expired or are scheduled to expire in 2014.
While we intend to negotiate to renew collective agreements, there can be no assurance that we will be able to renew agreements on satisfactory terms, or that we will maintain continuously satisfactory agreements with all of our unionized employees. Given our focus on controlling costs, we expect that labor costs and flexibility in managing our operations will be important topics for discussion in the renewal negotiations. If we are unable to renew the agreements, it could result in strikes, work stoppages or disturbances by affected employees, which could cause us to experience a disruption of operations and affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Currency fluctuations can adversely affect our competitive position, selling prices and manufacturing costs.
We compete with producers from around the world, particularly North America, Europe and South America, in most of our product lines with the exception of wood products, where we compete with other North American producers. We sell our products mainly in transactions denominated in U.S. dollars, but we also sell in certain local currencies, including the euro, the pound sterling and the Canadian dollar. In addition to the impact of product supply and demand, changes in the relative strength or weakness of these currencies, particularly the U.S. dollar, could also affect international trade flows in these products. A stronger U.S. dollar might attract imports, thereby increasing product supply and possibly creating downward pressure on prices. On the other hand, a weaker U.S. dollar might encourage U.S. exports but also increase manufacturing costs in Canadian dollars, or other foreign currencies.
Variations in exchange rates could also significantly affect our competitive position. In 2012, for example, the strength of the U.S. dollar against certain European currencies negatively affected the competitive position of North American newsprint producers selling in certain U.S. dollar-denominated international newsprint markets, like Asia and India. Some of our European competitors were able to price business more aggressively in those markets as a result of the relative weakness of their local currency, which negatively affected our ability to compete, forcing us to take steps to limit our exposure to these markets. Conversely, with the strengthening euro in 2013, particularly against the U.S. dollar, exports from North America rose, while they fell from Western Europe.
We are particularly sensitive to changes in the value of the Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar. The actual impact of these changes depends primarily on the proportion of our production and sales that occur in Canada, the proportion of our financial assets and liabilities denominated in Canadian dollars, and the magnitude, direction and duration of changes in the exchange rate. We expect exchange rate fluctuations to continue to impact costs and revenues, but we cannot predict the magnitude or direction of this effect for any period, and there can be no assurance of any future effects. In the last two years, the Canadian dollar fluctuated between a low of US$0.93 in December of 2013 and a high of US$1.03 in September of 2012 . Based on operating projections for 2014 , if the Canadian dollar strengthens by one cent against the U.S. dollar, we expect that it will decrease our annual operating income by approximately $15 million , and vice versa .
Furthermore, certain other assets and liabilities, including a substantial portion of our net pension and other postretirement benefit, or OPEB, obligations and our deferred income tax assets, are denominated in Canadian dollars. As a result, our earnings can be subject to the potentially significant effect of foreign currency translation gains or losses in respect of these Canadian dollar net monetary assets. In this case, a strengthening of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar in any given period would generally cause a foreign currency translation gain, and a weakening of the Canadian dollar would generally lead to a foreign currency translation loss.
We face intense competition in the forest products industry and the failure to compete effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We compete with numerous forest products companies, some of which have greater financial resources than we do. The trend toward consolidation in the forest products industry has led to the formation of sizeable global producers, with greater flexibility in pricing and financial resources for marketing, investment and expansion than we do. Because the markets for our products are all highly competitive, actions by competitors can affect our ability to compete and the volatility of prices at which products are sold.
The forest products industry is capital intensive, and requires significant investment to remain competitive. Some of our competitors may be lower-cost producers in some of the businesses in which we operate. In particular, the sizeable investments

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in new, low-cost hardwood grade pulp capacity in South America, whose costs are expected to be very competitive, and the actions those mills take to bring their product to market, could adversely affect our competitive position in similar grades. This in turn could affect our sales, operating income and cash flows, and push us to consider significant capital investments to remain competitive. Failure to compete effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Based on market interest, we offer a number of our products, particularly market pulp and wood products, with specific designations to one or more globally-recognized sustainable forest management and chain of custody standards. Our ability to conform to new or existing guidelines for certification depends on a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, such as: changes to the interpretation or the application of the standards; the adequacy of government-implemented conservation measures; and the existence of territorial disputes between First Nations and governments. If we are unable to offer certified products, or to meet commitments to supply certified product, it could affect the marketability of our products and our ability to compete with certain producers.
The forest products industry is highly cyclical; fluctuations in the prices of, and the demand for, our products could result in small or negative profit margins, lower sales volumes and curtailment or closure of operations.
The forest products industry is highly cyclical. The overall levels of demand for the products we manufacture and consequently, our sales and profitability, reflect fluctuations in levels of end-user demand, which depend at least in part on general economic conditions in North America and the world. In addition to end-user demand, we've experienced cyclical changes in prices, sales volume and margins for our products as a result of changing market trends and the effect of capacity fluctuations on supply and demand as well as the relative competitiveness of producers. Because our commodity products have few distinguishing qualities from producer to producer, competition is based mainly on price, which is determined by supply relative to demand, which is in turn affected by the factors described above.
We could be required to make contributions to our Canadian pension plans at levels that could be significantly higher than expected, which could have an adverse impact on our financial condition.
In connection with our emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings in 2010, the provinces of Québec and Ontario adopted regulations specific to us, which we refer to as the “funding relief regulations,” to establish parameters concerning the funding of the aggregate solvency deficits in our material Canadian registered pension plans, which we refer to as the “affected plans,” until 2020. These plans represented approximately 75% of our unfunded pension obligations as of December 31, 2013 . Because the aggregate solvency ratio in the affected plans was below the minimum solvency level prescribed in the regulations on each of December 31, 2011, and December 31, 2012, the regulations required that we propose corrective measures designed to close the solvency deficit - Cdn$500 million as of December 31, 2011 ($471 million, based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), and an additional Cdn$130 million as of December 31, 2012 ($122 million, based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ) - within five years of the applicable measurement date.
In 2013, we reached an agreement in principle with Company stakeholders in Québec and in Ontario to replace the corrective measures mechanism under the funding relief regulations in favor of set incremental contributions beyond the basic funding under the existing framework. We expect that in the coming months, Québec and Ontario will adopt regulations to implement this revised framework. We cannot currently estimate the additional contributions, if any, that we could be required to make in respect of the corrective measures if the provinces fail to implement the expected regulations and take steps to enforce the current funding relief regulations despite the agreement in principle and the anticipatory additional contributions we made in respect thereof in 2013. In light of the rising interest rate environment, strong asset returns and 2013 funding, when we file the actuarial report in respect of the affected plans in the second quarter of this year, we expect that the solvency deficit as of December 31, 2013, will have decreased significantly from the level at December 31, 2012. Nevertheless, the additional contributions we could be required to make in these circumstances could be material, which would negatively impact our cash flows and materially affect our results of operations or financial condition.
It is also possible that provincial pension regulators could attempt to compel additional funding of certain of our Canadian registered pension plans in respect of plan members associated with sites we formerly operated in their respective provinces. In 2012, we filed a motion for directives with the Québec Superior Court in Canada, the court with jurisdiction in the creditor protection proceedings, seeking an order to prevent pension regulators in each of Québec, New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador from declaring partial wind-ups of pension plans relating to employees of former operations in New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador, or a declaration that any claim for accelerated reimbursements of deficits arising from a partial wind-up is a barred claim under the creditor protection proceedings. A partial wind-up would likely shorten the period in which any deficit within those plans, which could reach up to Cdn$150 million ($141 million, based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), would have to be funded if we do not obtain the relief sought. At this time, we cannot estimate the additional contributions, if any, that may be required in future years, but they could be material.

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We could be required to record additional valuation allowances against our recorded deferred income tax assets.
We recorded significant tax attributes (deferred income tax assets) relating to our Canadian operations in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013 , which attributes would be available to offset future taxable income. If, in the future, we determine that we are unable to recognize the benefit of these tax attributes as a result of sustained cumulative losses in our Canadian operations, we could be required to record additional valuation allowances for the portion of the deferred income tax assets that are not recoverable. Such valuation allowances, if taken, would be recorded as a charge to income tax expense and would negatively impact our results of operations.
The terms of our ABL credit facility and the indenture governing our senior notes could restrict our current and future operations, particularly our ability to respond to changes and to take certain actions.
The indenture governing our 5.875% senior notes due 2023 and the credit agreement governing our senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility, or the “ABL,” contain a number of restrictive covenants that impose operating and financial restrictions on us and could limit our ability to engage in activities that might be in our long-term best interests, including, among other things, restrictions on our ability to: incur, assume or guarantee significant additional indebtedness; issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; pay dividends or make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock; prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt; make loans and investments; incur liens; restrict dividends, loans or asset transfers from our subsidiaries; sell or otherwise dispose of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries; consolidate or merge with or into, or sell substantially all of our assets to, another person; enter into transactions with affiliates; and enter into new lines of business.
A breach of the covenants under the indenture governing our notes or under the ABL could result in an event of default, which could allow holders and lenders, as the case may be, to accelerate their debt and could result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. An event of default under the ABL would also allow the lenders to terminate all commitments to extend further credit thereunder. If we were unable to repay amounts due and payable under the ABL, the lenders would have the right to proceed against the collateral securing the indebtedness. In any of these events, we and our subsidiaries might not have sufficient assets to repay the indebtedness. As a result, we could be: limited in how we conduct our business; unable to raise additional debt or equity financing to operate during general economic or business downturns; or unable to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities.
Our operations require substantial capital and we may be unable to maintain adequate capital resources to provide for all of our capital requirements.
Our businesses are capital intensive and require regular capital expenditures in order to maintain our equipment, increase our operating efficiency and comply with environmental laws. If our available cash resources and cash generated from operations are not sufficient to fund our operating needs and capital expenditures, we would either need to borrow or reduce or delay capital expenditures. If we cannot maintain or upgrade our equipment as we require, we may become unable to manufacture products that compete effectively. An inability to make required capital expenditures in a timely fashion could have a material adverse effect on our growth, business, financial condition or results of operations.
We may not be successful in implementing our strategies to increase earnings power.
Our corporate strategy includes, on the one hand, a profitable retreat from certain paper grades, and on the other, using our strong financial position to act on opportunities to diversify and grow. This could require significant capital investments with uncertain return outcomes, as we seek to improve our performance and margins by: leveraging our low-cost position; maintaining a stringent focus on costs; getting the most out of our access to virgin fiber; maximizing the utilization of our most cost-effective mills and streamlining production to adapt to changing market dynamics; and capitalizing on our economical access to international markets to compensate for the secular decline in North American newsprint demand. We also believe in taking an opportunistic approach to strategic initiatives, with a particular focus on reducing our cost position, improving our product diversification, providing synergies or allowing us to expand into future growth markets. There are risks associated with the implementation of these strategies, which are complicated and involve a substantial number of mills, machines, capital and personnel. To the extent we are unsuccessful in achieving these strategies, our results of operations may be adversely affected.
Our manufacturing businesses may have difficulty obtaining wood fiber at favorable prices, or at all.
Wood fiber is the principal raw material we use in our business. We use both virgin fiber - wood chips and logs - and recycled fiber - old newspapers, old magazines and sorted office paper - as fiber sources for our pulp and paper mills. The primary source for wood fiber is timber. Environmental litigation and regulatory developments have caused, and may cause in the future, significant reductions in the amount of timber available for commercial harvest in Canada and the United States.
We depend heavily on harvesting rights and timber supply guarantees over crown land in Ontario and Québec, respectively, which are effectively renewable licenses granted by the provincial governments, subject to certain conditions. In particular, the

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volume of harvest permitted under these licenses is subject to limits, sometimes referred to as the “annual allowable cut,” which are reviewed regularly, typically every five years. For example, in 2006 the chief forester of the province of Québec ordered a reduction in the allowable harvest, from 2004 levels, of 24% over five years starting in 2008, with a final assessment expected this year. In 2011, the chief forester announced an interim reduction of a further 10% to the allowable harvest over 2013 and 2014. About 25% of the then remaining timber supply guarantees allocated in Québec were transferred to an open auction system that began to be implemented over the course of 2013. Accordingly, we cannot at this time estimate the full impact of these reductions to our guaranteed harvest levels, but it has subjected a significant portion of the fiber we need to operate our business to market forces, which could reduce availability and/or increase the costs to supply fiber.
In addition to regulatory constraints, our supply of timber could be affected by future domestic or foreign regulation, litigation advanced by Aboriginal groups or other interested parties, and actions taken by environmental organizations to influence any of the foregoing. These activities could focus on any one or more of: the use of timberlands; forest management practices; sustainable forest management certification standards; the protection of endangered species; the promotion of forest biodiversity and the response to and prevention of catastrophic wildfires. Our access to timber may also be affected by factors such as fire and fire prevention, insect infestation, disease, ice storms, wind storms, drought, flooding and other natural and man-made causes, thereby potentially reducing supply and increasing prices. As is typical in the industry, we do not maintain insurance for any loss to our access to standing timber from natural disasters or other causes.
Though timber is our primary source of fiber, we buy a significant portion of fiber on the open market as well. Wood fiber is a commodity; prices historically have been cyclical, and subject to market influences, which could be concentrated in any particular region due to market shifts.
A sustained increase in the cost of purchased energy and other raw materials would lead to higher manufacturing costs, thereby reducing our margins.
Our operations consume substantial amounts of energy, such as electricity, natural gas, fuel oil and wood residue, a substantial proportion of which we buy on the open market. The main raw materials we require in our manufacturing process are chemicals, wood fiber and recovered paper. The prices for raw materials and energy are volatile and may change rapidly, directly affecting our results of operations. The availability of raw materials and energy may also be disrupted by many factors outside our control, adversely affecting our operations. Energy prices, particularly for electricity, natural gas and fuel oil, have been volatile in recent years, and further fluctuations will impact our manufacturing costs and contribute to earnings volatility. The pricing of recycled fiber is also subject to market influences and has experienced significant fluctuations in recent years.
For our commodity products, the relationship between industry supply and demand, rather than changes in the cost of raw materials, will determine our ability to increase prices. Consequently, we may be unable to pass along increases in our operating costs to our customers. Any sustained increase in energy, chemical or raw material prices without any corresponding increase in product pricing would reduce our operating margins and potentially require us to limit or cease operations of one or more of our machines.
There also can be no certainty that we will be able to maintain our water rights, which are necessary for our hydroelectric power generating facilities, or to renew them at conditions comparable to those currently in effect.
Our business is subject to global economic conditions; soft conditions could cause a number of the risks we face to increase in likelihood, magnitude and duration.
Our operations and performance depend significantly on worldwide economic conditions. During the global financial crisis and the slow recovery that has followed, customers across all of our businesses delayed and reduced expenditures in response to deteriorating macroeconomic and industry conditions and uncertainty, which has had a significant negative impact on the demand for our products and therefore, the cash flows of our businesses. If global economic conditions were to soften again, we would expect higher unemployment and lower gross domestic product growth rates to further affect demand for newsprint, specialty papers and pulp. We believe that in the last downturn, many end consumers reduced newspaper and magazine subscriptions as a direct result of their financial circumstances, contributing to lower demand for our products by our customers. Advertising demand in magazines and newspapers, including classified advertisements, and demand from automotive dealerships and real estate agencies was also impacted by higher unemployment, lower automobile sales and the tepid real estate environment. Lower demand for print advertisements leads to fewer pages in newspapers, magazines and other advertisement circulars and periodicals, decreasing the demand for our products. Furthermore, consumer and advertising-driven demand for our paper products could not recover from a downturn, even with an economic recovery, as purchasing habits could permanently change. Demand for our market pulp products is generally associated with production rates with paper producers, as well as consumption trends for products such as tissue, towelling and absorbent products.
The economic downturn had a profoundly negative impact on the U.S. housing industry, which is a significant driver for demand of our lumber and other wood-based products, and could be expected to have a similar effect if global conditions were

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to soften again. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. housing starts declined from approximately 2.1 million in 2005 to a low of approximately 0.6 million in 2009, reflecting a 71% decline. During these types of conditions, with a low level of primary demand for our lumber and other wood-based products, we would expect our wood products business to operate at a low level until there is a meaningful recovery in new residential construction demand. Furthermore, with less lumber demand, sawmills generate less wood chips that we use in our pulp and paper mills, which leads the pulp and paper mills to increase their supply from the open market, where prices can fluctuate with market conditions. We would also have less wood residue to use internally, which would increase our fossil fuel consumption and, as a result, our costs.
Changes in laws and regulations could adversely affect our results of operations.
We are subject to a variety of foreign, federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations dealing with trade, employees, transportation, taxes, timber and water rights, pension funding and the environment. Changes in these laws or regulations or their interpretations or enforcement have required in the past, and could require in the future, substantial expenditures by us and adversely affect our results of operations. For example, changes in environmental laws and regulations have in the past, and could in the future, require us to spend substantial amounts to comply with rules and regulations relating to air emissions, wastewater discharge, waste management, landfill sites, including investigation and remediation costs and greenhouse gas regulations. Environmental laws and their enforcement are becoming increasingly stringent. Consequently, our compliance and remediation costs could increase materially.
Changes in the political or economic conditions in Canada, the United States or other countries in which our products are manufactured or sold could adversely affect our results of operations.
We manufacture products in Canada, the United States and South Korea, and we sell products throughout the world. The economic and political climate of each region has a significant impact on our costs and the prices of, and demand for, our products. Changes in regional economies or political instability, including acts of war or terrorist activities, can affect the cost of manufacturing and distributing our products, pricing and sales volume, directly affecting our results of operations. These changes could also affect the availability or cost of insurance.
We may be required to record additional environmental liabilities.
We are subject to a wide range of general and industry-specific laws and regulations relating to pollution and the protection of the environment, including those governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, timber harvesting, the storage, management and disposal of regulated substances and waste, the investigation and clean-up of contaminated sites, landfill and lagoon operation and closure, forestry operations, endangered species habitat and health and safety. Noncompliance with these regulations can result in significant civil or criminal fines or penalties, damage to our reputation, claims by private parties or may require us to spend substantial amounts of money on pollution control equipment or additional wastewater treatment facilities. As an owner and operator of real estate and manufacturing and processing facilities, we may also be liable under environmental laws for cleanup and other costs and damages, including investigation costs, tort liability and damages to natural resources, resulting from past or present spills, releases or threats of releases of regulated substances and waste on or from our current or former properties. We may incur liability under these laws without regard to whether we knew of, were responsible for, or owned the property at the time of, any spill, release or threats of releases of any regulated substances or waste on or from any current or former property, or at properties where we arranged for the disposal of regulated materials. Claims may also arise out of currently unknown environmental conditions or aggressive enforcement efforts by government regulators, public interest groups or private parties. As a result of the above, we may be required to record additional environmental liabilities.
We are subject to physical and financial risks associated with climate change.
Our operations and the operations of our suppliers are subject to climate variations, which impact the productivity of forests, the distribution and abundance of species and the spread of disease or insect epidemics, which may adversely or positively affect timber production. Over the past several years, changing weather patterns and climatic conditions due to natural and man-made causes have added to the unpredictability and frequency of natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, hailstorms, wildfires, snow and ice storms, which could also affect our woodlands or cause variations in the cost for raw materials, such as fiber. Changes in precipitation resulting in droughts could adversely affect timber or our hydroelectric production, by increasing our energy costs.
To the extent climate change impacts raw material availability or our hydroelectric production, it may also impact our costs and revenues. Furthermore, should financial markets view climate change as a financial risk, our ability to access capital markets or to receive acceptable terms and conditions could be affected.

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We may be required to record additional long-lived asset impairment or accelerated depreciation charges.
Losses related to the impairment of long-lived assets to be held and used are recognized when circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable, such as continuing losses or demand declines in certain businesses. When indicators that the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable are triggered, we evaluate the carrying value of the asset group in relation to its expected undiscounted future cash flows. If the carrying value of an asset group is greater than the expected undiscounted future cash flows to be generated by the asset group, an impairment charge is recognized based on the excess of the asset group’s carrying value over its fair value. If it is determined that the carrying value of an asset group is recoverable, we review and adjust, as necessary, the estimated useful lives of the assets in the group. If there were to be a triggering event, it is possible that we could record non-cash long-lived asset impairment or accelerated depreciation charges in future periods, which would be recorded as operating expenses and would directly and negatively impact our reported results of operations.
The occurrence of natural or man-made disasters could disrupt our supply chain and the delivery of our products and adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
The success of our businesses is largely contingent on the availability of direct access to raw materials and our ability to ship products on a timely basis. As a result, any event that disrupts or limits transportation or delivery services could materially and adversely affect our business. In addition, our operating results depend on the continued operation of our various production facilities and the ability to complete construction and maintenance projects on schedule. Material operating interruptions at our facilities, including interruptions caused by the events described below, could materially reduce the productivity and profitability of a particular manufacturing facility, or our business as a whole, during and after the period of such operational difficulties.
Although we take precautions to enhance the safety of our operations and minimize the risk of disruptions, our operations are subject to hazards inherent in our business and the transportation of raw materials, products and wastes. These potential hazards include: explosions; fires; severe weather and natural disasters; mechanical failures; unscheduled downtimes; supplier disruptions; labor shortages or other labor difficulties; transportation interruptions; remediation complications; discharges or releases of toxic or hazardous substances or gases; other environmental risks; and terrorist acts.
Some of these hazards can cause personal injury and loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of property and equipment and environmental damage and can result in suspension of operations, the shutdown of affected facilities, reputational damage or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties. Furthermore, we will also continue to be subject to present and future claims with respect to workplace exposure, exposure of contractors on our premises, as well as other persons located nearby, workers’ compensation and other matters.
We maintain property, business interruption, product, general liability, casualty and other types of insurance, including pollution and legal liability, that we believe are in accordance with customary industry practices, but we are not fully insured against all potential hazards inherent in our business, including losses resulting from natural disasters, war risks or terrorist acts. Changes in insurance market conditions have caused, and may in the future cause, premiums and deductibles for certain insurance policies to increase substantially and in some instances, for certain insurance to become unavailable or available only for reduced amounts of coverage. If we were to incur a significant liability for which we were not fully insured, we might not be able to finance the amount of the uninsured liability on terms acceptable to us or at all, and might be obligated to divert a significant portion of our cash flow from normal business operations.
There are significant holders of our common stock.
There are several significant holders of our common stock who own a substantial percentage of the outstanding shares of our common stock. These holders could increase their percentage ownership of our common stock and may be in a position to influence the outcome of actions requiring shareholder approval, including, among other things, the election of board members. This concentration of ownership could also facilitate or hinder a negotiated change of control and consequently, impact the value of our common stock. Furthermore, the possibility that one or more of these holders may sell all or a large portion of our common stock in a short period of time may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.
We are subject to cyber-security risks related to breaches of security pertaining to sensitive company, customer, employee and vendor information as well as breaches in the technology that manages operations and other business processes.
We use information technologies to securely manage operations and various business functions. We rely on various technologies to process, store and report on our business and interact with customers, vendors and employees. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Despite our security design and controls, and those of our third party providers, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to cyber attacks by hackers or breaches due to employee error, malfeasance or other disruptions. Any such breach

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could result in operational disruptions or the misappropriation of sensitive data that could subject us to civil and criminal penalties, litigation or have a negative impact on our reputation. There can be no assurance that such disruptions or misappropriations and the resulting repercussions will not negatively impact our cash flows and materially affect our results of operations or financial condition.
Our international sales and operations are subject to applicable laws relating to trade, export controls and foreign corrupt practices, the violation of which could adversely affect our operations.
As a result of our international sales and operations, we are subject to trade and economic sanctions and other restrictions imposed by the United States, Canada and other governments or organizations. We are also subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the Canadian Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act, the United Kingdom Bribery Act 2010 and other anti-bribery laws that generally bar bribes or unreasonable gifts to foreign governments or officials. Changes in trade sanctions laws could restrict our business practices, including cessation of business activities in sanctioned countries or with sanctioned entities, and may result in modifications to compliance programs. Violations of these laws or regulations could result in sanctions including fines, loss of authorizations needed to conduct our international business and other penalties, which could adversely impact our business, operating results and financial condition.
We could pursue acquisitions, divestitures and other strategic transactions, the success of which could impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
In the past, we have pursued acquisitions to complement or expand our business, divestures and other strategic transactions. Such future transactions are part of our general strategic objectives and may occur. If we identify an acquisition candidate, we may not be able to successfully negotiate or finance the acquisition or integrate the acquired businesses with our existing business and services. Future acquisitions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities and the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities, amortization expenses and substantial goodwill. The negotiation of any transaction, its completion, and subsequent integration of any business acquired may be complex and time consuming, involve significant costs and may result in a distraction of management’s attention from on-going business operations. We may be affected materially and adversely if we are unable to successfully integrate businesses that we acquire. Similarly, we may divest portions of our business, which may also have material and adverse effects.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

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ITEM  2. PROPERTIES
Information regarding our owned properties is included in Item 1, “Business.”
In addition to the properties that we own, we also lease under long-term leases office premises, office and transportation equipment, have water rights on certain government-owned waters and have harvesting rights with respect to certain timberlands. For additional information, see Note 19, “Operating Leases and Purchase Obligations ,” to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various legal proceedings relating to contracts, commercial disputes, taxes, environmental issues, employment and workers’ compensation claims, Aboriginal claims and other matters. We periodically review the status of these proceedings with both inside and outside counsel. Although the final outcome of any of these matters is subject to many variables and cannot be predicted with any degree of certainty, we establish reserves for a matter (including legal costs expected to be incurred) when we believe an adverse outcome is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. We believe that the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, but it could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in any given quarter or year.
Effective July 31, 2012, we completed the second step transaction pursuant to which we acquired the remaining 25.4% of the outstanding Fibrek Inc. (“Fibrek”) shares, following the approval of Fibrek’s shareholders on July 23, 2012, and the issuance of a final order of the Québec Superior Court in Canada (the “Canadian Court”) approving the arrangement on July 27, 2012. Certain former shareholders of Fibrek exercised (or purported to exercise) rights of dissent in respect of the transaction, asking for a judicial determination of the fair value of their claim under the Canada Business Corporations Act . No consideration has to date been paid to the former Fibrek shareholders who exercised (or purported to exercise) rights of dissent. Any such consideration will only be paid out upon settlement or judicial determination of the fair value of their claims and will be paid entirely in cash. Accordingly, we cannot presently determine the amount that ultimately will be paid to former holders of Fibrek shares in connection with the proceedings, but we have reserved approximately Cdn $14 million ( $13 million , based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ) for the eventual payment of those claims.
On June 12, 2012, we filed a motion for directives with the Canadian Court seeking an order to prevent pension regulators in each of Québec, New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador from declaring partial wind-ups of pension plans relating to employees of former operations in New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador, or a declaration that any claim for accelerated reimbursements of deficits arising from a partial wind-up is a barred claim under the Creditor Protection Proceedings. These plans are subject to the funding relief regulations described in Note 14, “Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans – Canadian pension funding,” to our Consolidated Financial Statements and we contend, among other things, that any such declaration, if issued, would be inconsistent with the Canadian Court’s sanction order confirming the Plan of Reorganization and the terms of our emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings. A partial wind-up would likely shorten the period in which any deficit within those plans, which could reach up to Cdn $150 million ( $141 million , based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), would have to be funded if we do not obtain the relief sought. No hearing date has been set to date.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.

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PART II
ITEM 5.
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock trades on both the NYSE and the TSX. The ticker symbol for our common stock was changed from “ABH” to “RFP” on the NYSE on May 24, 2012 and on the TSX on May 28, 2012.
The high and low prices of our common stock on the NYSE for 2012 and 2013 , by quarter, are set forth below.  
 
High
Low
2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
First quarter
$
16.22

 
$
14.20

 
Second quarter
$
14.40

 
$
10.15

 
Third quarter
$
14.95

 
$
9.02

 
Fourth quarter
$
13.93

 
$
10.40

 
2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
First quarter
$
17.54

 
$
13.26

 
Second quarter
$
16.62

 
$
12.58

 
Third quarter
$
15.80

 
$
12.42

 
Fourth quarter
$
17.08

 
$
12.36

 
As of January 31, 2014 , there were approximately 3,730 holders of record of our common stock.
Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will be dependent on then-existing conditions, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, business prospects and other factors that the Board of Directors considers relevant. The indenture governing our senior notes due in 2023 (“the 2023 Notes”) and the credit agreement governing our ABL credit facility contain restrictions on our ability to pay dividends and repurchase shares.
On May 22, 2012, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program of up to 10% of our common stock, for an aggregate purchase price of up to $100 million. Through December 31, 2012, we repurchased 5.6 million shares at a cost of $67 million. We did not repurchase shares in 2013.
See Part III, Item 12 of this Form 10-K, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters,” for information regarding our equity compensation plan.

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The following graph compares the cumulative total return attained by shareholders on our common stock versus the cumulative total returns of the S&P 500 index and a peer group of five companies since December 10, 2010, the date our common stock began trading following our emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings. The individual companies comprising the peer group are: Domtar Corporation, International Paper Company, UPM – Kymmene Corporation, Verso Paper Corp. and Weyerhaeuser Company. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock on December 10, 2010, in the S&P 500 index on November 30, 2010 and in the peer group on November 30, 2010 (with the reinvestment of all dividends) to December 31, 2013 . The stock price performance included in the graph is not indicative of future stock price performance.


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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table presents summary historical consolidated financial information for each of the last five years and should be read in conjunction with Items 7 and 8. The selected financial information for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 and as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 under the captions “Statement of Operations Data,” “Segment Sales Information,” “Statement of Cash Flows Data” and “Financial Position” shown below has been derived from our audited Consolidated Financial Statements. Comparative year segment sales information has been revised to conform to the changes made to our reportable segments.
In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 852, “Reorganizations”, fresh start accounting was required upon our emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings, which we applied effective December 31, 2010. The implementation of the Plans of Reorganization and the application of fresh start accounting materially changed the carrying amounts and classifications reported in our consolidated financial statements and resulted in the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2010 and for periods subsequent to December 31, 2010 are not comparable to our consolidated financial statements for periods prior to December 31, 2010. References to “Successor” or “Successor Company” refer to the Company on or after December 31, 2010, after giving effect to the implementation of the Plans of Reorganization and the application of fresh start accounting. References to “Predecessor” or “Predecessor Company” refer to the Company prior to December 31, 2010. Additionally, references to periods on or after December 31, 2010 refer to the Successor and references to periods prior to December 31, 2010 refer to the Predecessor.
In accordance with the guidance of FASB ASC 250, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections,” certain prior year amounts have been adjusted due to our change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs, as discussed in Note 1, “Organization and Basis of Presentation - Change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


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Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
(In millions, except per share amounts or otherwise indicated)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
 
2011

 
 
2010

 
 
2009

 
Statement of Operations Data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales
 
$
4,461

 
 
$
4,503

 
 
$
4,756

 
 
$
4,746

 
 
$
4,366

 
Operating (loss) income (1)
 
(2
)
 
 
(28
)
 
 
207

 
 
(164
)
 
 
(374
)
 
Reorganization items, net (2)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
1,895

 
 
(639
)
 
Net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests
 
(639
)
 
 
(33
)
 
 
45

 
 
2,762

 
 
(1,559
)
 
Net (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(639
)
 
 
1

 
 
47

 
 
2,601

 
 
(1,552
)
 
Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders
 
(6.75
)
 
 
0.01

 
 
0.48

 
 
45.07

 
 
(26.90
)
 
Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders
 
(6.75
)
 
 
0.01

 
 
0.48

 
 
27.49

 
 
(26.90
)
 
Dividends declared per common share
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Segment Sales Information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Newsprint
 
$
1,473

 
 
$
1,627

 
 
$
1,816

 
 
$
1,804

 
 
$
1,802

 
Specialty papers
 
1,366

 
 
1,562

 
 
1,813

 
 
1,803

 
 
1,747

 
Market pulp
 
1,053

 
 
814

 
 
659

 
 
715

 
 
518

 
Wood products
 
569

 
 
500

 
 
468

 
 
424

 
 
290

 
Other
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
9

 
 
 
$
4,461

 
 
$
4,503

 
 
$
4,756

 
 
$
4,746

 
 
$
4,366

 
Statement of Cash Flows Data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
206

 
 
$
266

 
 
$
198

 
 
$
39

 
 
$
46

 
Cash invested in fixed assets
 
161

 
 
169

 
 
97

 
 
81

 
 
101

 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
 
2013

 
 
2012

 
 
2011

 
 
2010

 
 
2009

 
Financial Position
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed assets (3)
 
$
2,289

 
 
$
2,440

 
 
$
2,502

 
 
$
2,641

 
 
$
3,897

 
Total assets
 
5,385

 
 
6,333

 
 
6,304

 
 
7,135

 
 
7,125

 
Long-term debt, including current portion (4) (5)
 
599

 
 
534

 
 
621

 
 
905

 
 
613

 
Total debt (4) (5)
 
599

 
 
534

 
 
621

 
 
905

 
 
1,499

 
Additional Information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employees (number)
 
8,400

 
 
9,300

 
 
10,400

 
 
10,500

 
 
12,100

 
(1)  
Operating loss for 2009 included $276 million of alternative fuel mixture tax credits.
(2)  
Represents certain expenses, provisions for losses and other charges and credits directly associated with or resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business that were realized or incurred in the Creditor Protection Proceedings, including the impact of the implementation of the Plans of Reorganization and the application of fresh start accounting.
(3)  
As part of the application of fresh start accounting, fixed assets were adjusted to their fair values as of December 31, 2010.
(4)  
As of the Emergence Date and pursuant to the Plans of Reorganization, all amounts outstanding under our debtor in possession financing arrangements and the Debtors’ pre-petition secured debt obligations were paid in full in cash and certain holders of allowed claims arising from the Debtors’ pre-petition unsecured debt obligations received their pro rata share of the Successor Company’s common stock. Additionally, upon the consummation of the Plans of Reorganization, we assumed the obligations in respect of the $850 million principal amount of our senior secured notes due in 2018 (the “2018 Notes”), issued by an escrow subsidiary of ours. In 2012 and 2011, we redeemed $85 million and $264 million, respectively, of principal amount of the 2018 Notes. In 2013, we issued $600 million aggregate principal of 2023 Notes and used the proceeds to redeem the remaining $501 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes. For additional information, see Note 13, “Long-Term Debt ,” to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

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(5)
Due to the commencement of the Creditor Protection Proceedings, our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2009 included unsecured pre-petition debt obligations of $4,852 million included in liabilities subject to compromise, secured pre-petition debt obligations of $980 million included in current liabilities and secured pre-petition debt obligations of $34 million included in long-term debt, net of current portion.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following management’s discussion and analysis is intended to help the reader understand Resolute Forest Products, our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. The discussion is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data .
O VERVIEW
Resolute Forest Products is a global leader in the forest products industry, with a diverse range of products, including newsprint, specialty papers, market pulp and wood products, which are marketed in close to 90 countries. We own or operate over 40 pulp and paper mills and wood products facilities in the U.S., Canada and South Korea, and power generation assets in Canada. By capacity, we are the largest producer of newsprint in the world, the largest producer of uncoated mechanical papers in North America and the biggest Canadian volume producer of wood products east of the Rockies. We are also a significant North American producer of coated mechanical papers and market pulp.
We report our activities in four business segments: newsprint, specialty papers, market pulp and wood products.
We are guided by our vision and values, focusing on safety, profitability, accountability, sustainability and teamwork. These are the elements that we believe best define us:
Competitive cost structure - as a result of aggressive cost reductions and mill rationalizations, today we compete as a leading, lower-cost North American producer. Maintaining this competitive advantage is our key focus. By challenging ourselves to optimize assets - maximizing the utilization of our most cost-effective mills and streamlining production to adapt to changing market dynamics - we seek to remain an industry cost leader and to maximize shareholder value and earnings power.
Synergistic and diversified asset base - our harvesting rights and extensive network of Canadian sawmills not only makes us a significant lumber producer in eastern North America, but also give us the fiber management advantage of integration from the harvested log through the finished pulp or paper product at more than half of our facilities. In the U.S., we source primarily from the lower-cost southeastern fiber basket. The diversified and complimentary nature of our asset base also provides earnings from multiple products.
Financial strength - we make disciplined capital management a priority; we believe in maintaining a flexible and conservative capital structure.
Our business
Products
Our 2.9 million metric tons of capacity in newsprint represents approximately 10% of worldwide capacity and 38% of North American capacity. We sell newsprint to newspaper publishers all over the world and also to commercial printers in North America for uses such as inserts and flyers. In 2013, international deliveries represented 44% of total newsprint shipments.
We have 2.0 million metric tons of capacity in specialty papers, which include uncoated mechanical and coated mechanical grades. Approximately one third of our production of uncoated mechanical papers is high-gloss (or supercalender) paper, mainly used for magazines, coupons, retail inserts and newspaper supplements. We produce another third of high-bright papers for general commercial printing, educational textbooks, digital printing and tradebooks. The last third includes papers for directories, paperback books and other commercial applications. In total, our 1.4 million metric tons of uncoated mechanical papers capacity makes us the largest producer in North America, and the third largest in the world. We sell uncoated mechanical papers almost exclusively in North America. With 580,000 metric tons of capacity, we are North America’s third largest producer of coated mechanical papers, grades used for magazines, catalogs and advertising inserts. Demand for these products is largely tied to consumer spending and advertising. We sell to major commercial printers, publishers, catalogers and retailers in North America.
We operate seven pulp mills, five in the U.S. and two in Canada, with total capacity of 1.7 million metric tons, making us the third largest pulp producer in North America. Approximately 80% of our virgin pulp capacity is softwood-based, including: northern bleached softwood kraft pulp (or “ NBSK ”), southern bleached softwood kraft pulp (or “ SBSK ”) and fluff pulp. We are also a competitive producer of northern bleached hardwood kraft pulp (or “ NBHK ”) and southern bleached hardwood kraft pulp (or “ SBHK ”), and a leading producer of recycled bleached kraft pulp (or “ RBK ”). Our market pulp - the pulp we produce but do not consume internally - is used to make a range of consumer products, like tissue, packaging, specialty paper products, diapers

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and other absorbent products. Approximately 32% of our 2013 market pulp shipments were exported outside of North America, including significant exports to Europe (14%), Asia (8%) and Latin America (6%).
In 2013, we shipped 1.5 billion board feet of construction-grade lumber within North America, mostly on the east coast. Our sawmills produce dimension spruce-pine-fir (or “ SPF ”) lumber and provide wood chips to our pulp and paper mills in Canada and wood residue we use as fuel in our power cogeneration assets and other operations. We also produce i-joists for the construction industry and bed frame components, finger joints and furring strips.
   
Years Ended December 31,
 
2013
2012
2011
Sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Newsprint
 
33
%
 
 
36
%
 
 
38
%
 
Specialty papers
 
31
%
 
 
35
%
 
 
38
%
 
Market pulp
 
23
%
 
 
18
%
 
 
14
%
 
Wood products
 
13
%
 
 
11
%
 
 
10
%
 
Total (%)
 
100
%
 
 
100
%
 
 
100
%
 
Total sales ( $ millions )
$
4,461

 
$
4,503

 
$
4,756

 
Strategy
Our corporate strategy includes, on the one hand, a gradual retreat from certain paper grades, and on the other, using our strong financial position to act on opportunities to diversify and grow. That strategy is based on three core themes: operational excellence, disciplined use of capital and strategic initiatives.
Operational excellence
We aim to improve our performance and margins by:
leveraging our lower-cost position;
maintaining a stringent focus on reducing costs and optimizing our diversified asset base;
maximizing the benefits of our access to virgin fiber and managing our exposure to volatile recycled fiber;
pursuing our strategy of managing production and inventory levels and focusing production on our most profitable facilities and machines; and
capitalizing on our economical access to international markets to compensate for the secular decline in North American newsprint demand.
Disciplined use of capital
We make capital management a priority. Building on our focus to reduce manufacturing costs, we will continue our efforts to decrease overhead and spend our capital in a disciplined, strategic and focused manner, concentrated on our most successful sites.
Maintaining our strong financial position and financial flexibility is one of our primary financial goals. In 2011 and 2012, we redeemed $349 million of principal amount of our then-outstanding 10.25% senior secured notes due 2018 and a $90 million promissory note issued in connection with an acquisition in 2011. In 2012, we also repaid and canceled Fibrek’s term loan and credit facility, for a total of $112 million. In 2013, we refinanced the remaining balance of our senior secured notes with 5.875% senior unsecured notes due 2023. In addition to adding five years to maturity, the refinancing reduced our annual cash interest burden by $16 million and improves our financial flexibility.
Strategic initiatives
We believe in taking an opportunistic approach to strategic initiatives, pursuing only those that reduce our cost position, improve our product diversification, provide synergies or allow us to expand into future growth markets. We anticipate continued consolidation in the paper and forest products industry, as we and our competitors continue to explore ways to increase efficiencies and grow into more favorable markets.
By acquiring Fibrek in 2012, we grew our market pulp segment, increasing our presence in a market that we believe will grow over the long term. In addition to growing our pulp capacity by over 70%, we’re in the process of building or refurbishing two

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sawmills in Northern Ontario, Canada. By the time they begin production in early 2015, along with other capacity initiatives we’re working on, we expect our annualized sawmill capacity to be around 1.9 billion board feet, a 30% increase above 2013.
Sustainable performance and development
Our sustainability strategy is based on a balanced approach to environmental, social and economic performance, designed to enhance our competitive position. It is supported by public commitments in a number of key performance areas, focusing primarily on:
improving resource efficiency, which helps control fiber and power costs, two significant input costs in our industry;
adapting to our customers’ procurement policies and striving to anticipate trends in demand for environmentally-conscious forest products, which will enhance the long-term competitiveness of our product offering;
positioning Resolute as a competitive employer in order to attract, engage and retain the best and brightest minds, promoting employee engagement, innovation and longevity; and
building solid community relations to support long-term regional prosperity and our own financial and operational success.
Our key sustainability commitments include:
Achieving an Occupational Safety and Health Administration (or “ OSHA ”) incident rate of 0.99 or below in 2014, which is slightly below the 1.02 we achieved in 2013. Though we strive to have zero injuries, our 2013 safety performance is generally considered to be world-class.
We’re closing in, ahead of schedule, on the goal we set as a member of the World Wildlife Fund (“ WWF ”) Climate Savers program to reduce our scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas (or “ GHG ”) emissions by 65% by 2015, compared to 2000 levels.
Maintaining 100% certification of Resolute-owned or managed woodlands to sustainable forest management (SFM) certification standards. For over five years now, 100% of managed forests have been certified to either FSC®, SFI® and or CSA.
Through 2015, implementing new human resource practices to support workforce renewal and retention, engage employees in the Company’s sustainability-focused vision and values, and ensure current and future staffing requirements.
Reducing the number of mill environmental incidents in 2014 by 10% compared to 2013.
Power generation
We produce electricity at seven cogeneration facilities and seven hydroelectric dams. The output is consumed internally, sold at contracted fixed prices and/or sold on the spot market. This allows us to reduce our costs by generating energy internally at a lower cost compared to open market purchases, and by producing revenue from external sales of some of the power.
This table provides a breakdown of the output capacity (based on installed capacity and operating expectations in 2014) available for internal consumption at our existing production facilities:
   
   
Energy
INTERNAL CONSUMPTION
Type
Capacity
(MW)
Consumption
(MWh/year)
Calhoun, TN
Cogeneration
64

 
373,000

 
Catawba, SC
Cogeneration
55

 
430,000

 
Coosa Pines, AL
Cogeneration
30

 
105,000

 
Hydro Saguenay, QC (7 dams)
Hydroelectric
170

 
1,050,000

 
Thunder Bay, ON
Cogeneration
51

 
220,000

 

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This table shows the facilities where we currently produce electricity to sell externally as green power produced from renewable sources at favorable rates, almost all of which we buy back for use in our operations.
   
   
Energy
EXTERNAL SALES
Type
Capacity
(MW)
Annualized sales
(MWh/year)
Dolbeau-Mistassini, QC
Cogeneration
28

 
192,000

 
Gatineau, QC
Cogeneration
15

 
110,000

 
Saint-Félicien, QC
Cogeneration
43

 
300,000

 
Thunder Bay, ON
Cogeneration
65

 
390,000

 
Business Conditions
2013 Highlights
We made significant progress as an organization in 2013, strengthening our financial position, enhancing the efficiency of our operations and improving our performance on safety and sustainability.
We strengthened our financial position in three key ways:
We reached an agreement-in-principle with Company stakeholders in Québec and in Ontario to replace the corrective measures mechanism under the existing funding relief regulations in favor of stable, predictable and balanced pension funding for our Canadian plans, which represented about 75% of our unfunded pension obligations as of December 31, 2013.
The rising interest rate environment, strong asset returns, 2013 funding, the favorable currency impact and amendments to OPEB plans all contributed to the elimination of $672 million of net pension and OPEB liabilities from our balance sheet compared to 2012.
We refinanced, on a very timely basis, all of our outstanding secured debt with $600 million of unsecured notes, at 5.875% interest, reducing our cash interest burden by $16 million annually, adding 5 more years to maturity and improving our financial flexibility.
Concerning operational excellence initiatives:
Since 2012, we optimized newsprint capacity by idling two machines and restarting the Gatineau mill, for a net reduction of about 285,000 metric tons on an annualized basis. In our specialty papers segment, we idled three machines and restarted the Dolbeau mill, for a net reduction of about 220,000 metric tons on an annualized basis.
We restructured manning at two more sites in 2013, eliminating 170 positions, without reducing operating capacity.
We’ve grown our pulp capacity by over 70% with our 2012 acquisition of Fibrek, and by the time our new sawmills in Northern Ontario begin production in early 2015, along with other capacity initiatives we’re working on, we expect our annualized sawmill operating capacity to be around 1.9 billion board feet, a 30% increase above 2013.
In 2013, we finished bringing online all four of our cogeneration assets from which we sell electricity externally - Dolbeau (specialty papers), Gatineau (newsprint), Saint-Félicien (market pulp), and Thunder Bay (newsprint and market pulp). Together, they reduced our costs by approximately $45 million, not including other operational efficiencies realized with the operation of the cogeneration assets, such as labor efficiencies.
We’ve restructured and significantly improved the performance of the three pulp mills we acquired with Fibrek in 2012. After a challenging start because of the extensive catch-up maintenance and environmental work required at the Saint-Félicien mill, we’ve made the three mills more competitive than before we acquired them.
On safety and environment:
We achieved an OSHA incident rate of 1.02 in 2013. Though we strive to have zero injuries, our 2013 safety performance is generally considered to be world-class.
We’re closing in, ahead of schedule, on the goal we set as a member of the WWF Climate Savers program to reduce our GHG emissions by 65% by 2015, compared to 2000 levels.

26

Table of Contents

We fell short of our internal commitment to reduce environmental incidents by 10% in 2013 compared to 2012, but we’ve developed an action plan to address gaps and improve performance. For 2014, we set a goal of reducing the number of mill environmental incidents by 10% compared to 2013.
R ESULTS OF O PERATIONS
Consolidated Earnings
Selected Annual Financial Information
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per share amounts)
2013
2012
2011
Sales (1)
$
4,461

 
$
4,503

 
$
4,756

 
Operating income (loss) per segment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Newsprint
 
40

 
 
97

 
 
89

 
Specialty papers
 
35

 
 
85

 
 
122

 
Market pulp (1)
 
42

 
 
(43
)
 
 
91

 
Wood products
 
41

 
 
26

 
 
(25
)
 
Corporate / other
 
(160
)
 
 
(193
)
 
 
(70
)
 
Total
 
(2
)
 
 
(28
)
 
 
207

 
Net (loss) income (1)
 
(639
)
 
 
1

 
 
47

 
Net (loss) income per common share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(6.75
)
 
$
0.01

 
$
0.48

 
Diluted
 
(6.75
)
 
 
0.01

 
 
0.48

 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
322

 
$
263

 
$
369

 
Total assets
 
5,385

 
 
6,333

 
 
6,304

 
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
$
377

 
$
393

 
$
490

 
Adjusted EBITDA margin (2)
 
8.5
%
 
 
8.7
%
 
 
10.3
%
 
ROE, adjusted for special items (3)
 
2.8
%
 
 
2.6
%
 
 
4.8
%
 
(1)  
We’ve included Fibrek’s results of operations in our consolidated financial statements, in the market pulp segment, as of May 2, 2012, the date we acquired a controlling interest. Fibrek’s sales, operating income and net income in our results for 2013 were $456 million, $40 million and $40 million, respectively. Its sales, operating loss and net loss in our 2012 results were $268 million, $9 million and $9 million, respectively.
(2)  
Earnings before interest expense, income taxes and depreciation, or “ EBITDA ”, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are not financial measures recognized under generally accepted accounting principles, or “ GAAP ”. EBITDA is calculated as net income (loss) including noncontrolling interests from the consolidated statements of operations, adjusted for interest expense, income taxes and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA means EBITDA, excluding special items such as foreign exchange translation gains and losses, severance costs, closure costs, impairment and other related charges, inventory write-downs related to closures, start up costs of idled mills, gains and losses on dispositions of assets, net loss on extinguishment of debt, transaction costs and other charges or credits that are excluded from our segments’ performance from GAAP operating income (loss). Adjusted EBITDA margin is adjusted EBITDA expressed as a percentage of sales. We believe that using measures such as EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin is useful because they are consistent with the indicators management uses internally to measure the Company’s performance and it allows the reader to more easily compare our ongoing operations and financial performance from period to period.
(3)  
Return on equity, or “ ROE ”, is a non-GAAP financial measure, calculated by dividing net income (loss), excluding the special items identified below, by adjusted shareholders’ equity. ROE is a measure of profitability that shows how much profit the Company generated as a percentage of shareholder money invested.



27


   
Years ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests
$
(639
)
 
$
(33
)
 
$
45

 
Interest expense
 
51

 
 
66

 
 
95

 
Income tax provision (benefit)
 
524

 
 
(39
)
 
 
19

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
243

 
 
233

 
 
220

 
EBITDA
$
179

 
$
227

 
$
379

 
Foreign exchange translation loss (gain)
 
24

 
 
(17
)
 
 
21

 
Severance costs
 

 
 
5

 
 
12

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
89

 
 
185

 
 
46

 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
11

 
 
12

 
 
3

 
Start up costs of idled mills
 
32

 
 
13

 
 

 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
(2
)
 
 
(35
)
 
 
(3
)
 
Net loss on extinguishment of debt
 
59

 
 

 
 

 
Transaction costs
 
6

 
 
8

 
 
5

 
Other (income) expense, net
 
(21
)
 
 
(5
)
 
 
27

 
Adjusted EBITDA
$
377

 
$
393

 
$
490

 

   
December 31, 2013
(in millions, except ROE)
Net (loss) income
Shareholders’ equity
ROE (%)
GAAP as reported
$
(639
)
 
$
2,827

 
 
(22.6
)%
 
Adjustments for special items:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange translation loss
$
26

 
$
26

 
 
 
 
Severance costs
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
59

 
 
59

 
 
 
 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
7

 
 
7

 
 
 
 
Start up costs of idled mill
 
23

 
 
23

 
 
 
 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
(2
)
 
 
(2
)
 
 
 
 
Net loss on extinguishment of debt
 
38

 
 
38

 
 
 
 
Transaction costs
 
5

 
 
5

 
 
 
 
Other income, net
 
(14
)
 
 
(14
)
 
 
 
 
U.S. deferred income tax asset valuation allowance
 
604

 
 
604

 
 
 
 
Cumulative past-year adjustments for special items
 

 
 
210

 
 
 
 
GAAP as adjusted for special items
$
107

 
$
3,783

 
 
2.8
 %
 


28


   
December 31, 2012
(in millions, except ROE)
Net income
Shareholders’ equity
ROE (%)
GAAP as reported
$
1

 
$
3,102

 
 
%
 
Adjustments for special items:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange translation gain
$
(23
)
 
$
(23
)
 
 
 
 
Severance costs
 
4

 
 
4

 
 
 
 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
116

 
 
116

 
 
 
 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
7

 
 
7

 
 
 
 
Start up costs of idled mills
 
10

 
 
10

 
 
 
 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
(22
)
 
 
(22
)
 
 
 
 
Transaction costs
 
8

 
 
8

 
 
 
 
Other income, net
 
(2
)
 
 
(2
)
 
 
 
 
Reorganization-related and other tax adjustments
 
(13
)
 
 
(13
)
 
 
 
 
Cumulative past-year adjustments for special items
 

 
 
125

 
 
 
 
GAAP as adjusted for special items
$
86

 
$
3,312

 
 
2.6
%
 
   
December 31, 2011
(in millions, except ROE)
Net income
Shareholders’ equity
ROE (%)
GAAP as reported
$
47

 
$
3,423

 
 
1.4
%
 
Adjustments for special items:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange translation loss
$
23

 
$
23

 
 
 
 
Severance costs
 
8

 
 
8

 
 
 
 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
32

 
 
32

 
 
 
 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
2

 
 
2

 
 
 
 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
(2
)
 
 
(2
)
 
 
 
 
Transaction costs
 
4

 
 
4

 
 
 
 
Other expense, net
 
20

 
 
20

 
 
 
 
Reorganization-related and other tax adjustments
 
38

 
 
38

 
 
 
 
GAAP as adjusted for special items
$
172

 
$
3,548

 
 
4.8
%
 


29


2013 vs. 2012
Operating loss variance analysis
Sales
Our sales were $4,461 million in 2013, $42 million lower, or 1%, than in 2012. Excluding Fibrek, volume had a $173 million impact, which reflects our efforts to optimize the asset base, maximizing the utilization of our most cost-effective mills and streamlining production to adapt to changing market dynamics. Accordingly, at the end of 2013 we operated four fewer machines overall compared to the start of 2012, not including the three pulp mills we acquired with Fibrek.
Overall pricing fell by $31 million in 2013. The pricing drop in newsprint ($84 million) and specialty papers ($24 million) more than offset higher pricing in wood products ($59 million) and market pulp ($18 million). Currency fluctuations unfavorably affected sales by $19 million.
The former Fibrek mills generated an additional $181 million of sales volume compared to the year-ago period, reflecting their consolidation within our financial statements from only May 2, 2012, onward, and extensive downtime in the third quarter of 2012 to improve the Saint-Félicien pulp mill’s operational and environmental performance.
Compared to 2012, we took approximately 242,000 metric tons less downtime in the newsprint, specialty and market pulp segments, not including downtime at machines later closed or idled and whose production capacity was not replaced.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs, or “ COS ,” improved by $39 million in 2013, reflecting the favorable effect of the weaker Canadian dollar and lower overall manufacturing costs, partially offset by the unfavorable effects of higher volume, the net result of additional volume from the three former Fibrek pulp mills over the lower non-Fibrek volume.
Manufacturing costs improved as a result of:
asset optimization and mill restructuring initiatives ($42 million);
additional external power sales from new cogeneration facilities ($36 million); and

30


lower power costs ($7 million);
offset in part by:
higher maintenance costs ($19 million);
higher fuel energy costs because of natural gas pricing ($16 million); and
increased overall fiber costs ($6 million).
The net increase in fiber costs reflects higher log costs in the wood products segment and higher wood costs in the U.S. southeast pulp and paper mills due to wet weather, offset in part by more efficient fiber usage, as well as lower chip and recovered paper costs.
Other items that were not production-related but still affected the manufacturing costs variance included:
costs associated with mill restarts net of lower costs for non-operating sites ($8 million);
the timing of the receipt of insurance proceeds ($4 million); and
an increase in the net pension and other postretirement benefit expense ($7 million), due primarily to the amortization of actuarial losses starting in 2013;
which more than offset a non-cash obsolescence provision for slow-moving spare parts taken in 2012 ($10 million).
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization increased by $10 million due to the acquisition of the three Fibrek pulp mills.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses, or “ SG&A ,” were $17 million higher in 2013 largely because of credits we recorded in 2012, including a refund of certain group benefit premiums paid in prior years ($11 million).
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
See the corresponding variance analysis under “ - Segment Earnings - Corporate and Other ” below.
Net gain on disposition of assets
Compared to $2 million in 2013, we recognized a net gain on disposition of assets of $35 million in 2012, mainly as a result of the sale of timberlands in Nova Scotia in the first quarter.
Net (loss) income variance analysis
Net loss was $639 million in 2013, or $6.75 per share, compared to net income of $1 million, or $0.01 per share, in 2012.
Interest expense
Interest expense was $51 million in 2013, down by $15 million, reflecting:
the lower principal amount of 10.25% senior secured notes due 2018 following the $85 million redemption in October of 2012; and
the refinancing, in the second quarter of 2013, of the senior secured notes with 5.875% senior unsecured notes due 2023.
Other (expense) income, net
The $62 million we recorded as other expense, net, was the product of:
a net loss on extinguishment of debt ($59 million), which reflects the tender offer premium paid to holders of the 2018 notes ($84 million), net of the write-down of the associated unamortized premium ($25 million); and
a foreign currency loss from the translation of Canadian dollar net monetary assets ($24 million);

31


offset by:
the forgiveness of a note payable in connection with our acquisition of a former joint venture partner’s interest in CNC ($12 million); and
a distribution from the liquidation of a former U.K. subsidiary ($12 million).
By comparison, we recorded other income, net, of $22 million in 2012, including a $17 million foreign exchange gain from the translation of Canadian dollar net monetary assets and other income items of $16 million, partially offset by $11 million of post-emergence costs.
Income taxes
We recorded a $524 million income tax provision in 2013, on a loss before income taxes of $115 million, compared to an expected income tax benefit of $40 million based on the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 35%. The difference largely reflects a net valuation allowance increase of $572 million, most of which relates to a $604 million charge recorded to establish a full valuation allowance against our net U.S. deferred income tax assets, partially offset by a tax benefit on the reversal of a $36 million valuation allowance on available U.S. capital losses that we now expect to use in the future because of our acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in CNC.
We recorded a $39 million income tax benefit in 2012, on a loss before income taxes of $72 million, compared to an expected income tax benefit of $25 million based on the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 35%. This difference reflects the favorable impacts related to reorganization-related tax adjustments, foreign exchange related items, research and development tax incentives, as well as adjustments to unrecognized tax benefits, offset by a net increase in valuation allowances. This net increase in valuation allowances was primarily due to the costs associated with the idling of our Mersey operations net of the benefits of an internal reorganization of our U.S. Fibrek subsidiaries.
Some of our Canadian subsidiaries, including our principal Canadian operating subsidiary, use the U.S. dollar as functional currency but determine taxable income in Canadian dollars. This can cause frequent and substantial variations to our effective tax rate when compared to the weighted-average of both domestic and foreign statutory tax rates. This is because we compute the foreign exchange component of the income tax provision of our Canadian subsidiaries on a different basis than in our consolidated financial statements. Due to the unpredictability of foreign exchange rates, we are unable to estimate the impact of future changes in exchange rates on our effective tax rate.
Noncontrolling interests
In 2012, we recorded a loss of $34 million attributable to noncontrolling interests, representing our former joint venture partner’s share of the impairment, severance costs and other charges related to the indefinite idling of the Mersey newsprint mill, partially offset by the partner’s share of the gain from the sale of timberlands in Nova Scotia.
Q4 of 2013 vs. Q4 of 2012
Operating income (loss) variance analysis
Operating income improved to $8 million in the fourth quarter, compared to an operating loss of $58 million in the year-ago period. Sales rose by $22 million because of higher shipment volumes of newsprint ($9 million), market pulp ($21 million) and wood products ($12 million), offset in part by lower shipments of specialty papers ($6 million). Overall pricing was down $5 million, as higher selling prices for market pulp ($17 million) and wood products ($5 million) were more than offset by the lower pricing for newsprint ($20 million) and specialty papers ($7 million).
Compared to the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company took approximately 36,000 metric tons less downtime in the newsprint, specialty and market pulp segments, not including downtime at machines later closed or idled and whose production capacity was not replaced.
COS improved by $9 million because of lower manufacturing costs ($3 million) and the favorable effect of the weaker Canadian dollar ($28 million), offset by costs associated with the additional volume ($22 million). The drop in manufacturing costs reflects:
our asset optimization and mill restructuring initiatives and external power sales from cogeneration facilities ($13 million);
more efficient fiber usage, lower usage of coating chemicals, as well as lower chip and recovered paper costs ($12 million);

32


a non-cash obsolescence provision for slow-moving spare parts taken in 2012 ($10 million); and
a favorable power adjustment ($4 million);
offset in part by:
higher maintenance costs ($14 million);
higher log costs in the province of Québec ($9 million), including: higher stumpage fees, most of which was lumber market-price related, and other costs associated with the comprehensive modification of the forest tenure system in the province; and
higher wood costs in the U.S. southeast due to wet weather ($7 million).
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges were $33 million in the fourth quarter of 2013, reflecting costs and charges related to the extended market-related outage at the remaining paper machine in Fort Frances and the impairment of the U.S. recycling assets. By comparison, we recorded $87 million in the same period in 2012 for costs, impairment and charges related to the idling of the Mersey newsprint mill, the idling of a pulp and a paper machine at our Fort Frances mill and the idling of a paper machine at our Laurentide mill.

Net loss variance analysis
Net loss in the fourth quarter of 2013 was $3 million, compared to a net loss of $45 million in the year ago period, a narrowing of $42 million. The change to operating income is described above. Interest expense was $12 million, or $3 million lower, as a result of the refinancing of our senior secured notes in the second quarter. The change in the Canadian dollar compared to the end of the third quarter led to a $15 million foreign exchange loss on the translation of Canadian dollar net monetary assets, compared to a loss of $4 million in the fourth quarter of 2012.
We recorded a $22 million income tax benefit on a loss before taxes of $24 million in the fourth quarter of 2013, compared to a $29 million benefit on a loss before taxes of $73 million in the same period of 2012. The fourth quarter 2013 income tax benefit reflected a favorable adjustment to valuation allowances of $10 million, as well as a decrease in certain state-related deferred income tax liabilities. The fourth quarter 2012 income tax benefit reflected a favorable net adjustment for valuation allowances of $9 million, mainly as a result of an internal reorganization of our U.S. Fibrek subsidiaries.
2012 vs. 2011
Operating (loss) income variance analysis

33


Sales
Sales decreased by $253 million in 2012, or 5.3%, to $4,503 million, led by a $509 million decline in volume across all grades and a net $12 million reduction in pricing, as more fully described in the segment variance analysis below. The decline was partly offset with the inclusion of Fibrek sales ($268 million). In light of challenging market conditions, the non-Fibrek volume decline reflects additional market downtime and our ongoing efforts to focus production in our most cost-effective mills, and drive better efficiency by restructuring and reducing labor costs. This fits into our strategy of managing production and inventory levels, selling only profitable tons, and maintaining world-class operational standards.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
COS improved by $96 million in 2012 compared to 2011, or $59 million net of Fibrek and the volume effects. COS was favorably influenced by the slightly weaker Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar ($24 million) and a net reduction in manufacturing costs ($37 million), including:
lower costs for energy ($44 million) as a result of favorable pricing and our energy saving initiatives;
lower labor and pension costs ($34 million);
favorable recovered paper pricing ($21 million);
the idling of the Mersey facility in June ($18 million);
other operational cost improvements ($17 million); and
favorable inventory adjustment as a result of increasing market prices for lumber products ($6 million).
These favorable effects to COS were offset by costs associated with the start-up of closed mills and our capacity reduction initiatives ($25 million); higher log costs ($23 million), including stumpage fees; and increased coating and chemicals costs ($17 million). Compared to 2011, segment COS was also unfavorably affected by the loss of power sales income as a result of our sale of ACH Limited Partnership, or “ ACH ”, in 2011 ($19 million), by non-cash inventory obsolescence charges for slow-moving spare parts ($15 million) over the course of the year, offset by the benefit of a 2010 NIER program rebate recorded in 2011 ($8 million).
We joined the Northern Industrial Electricity Rate Program, or “ NIER program ”, during the second quarter of 2011, retroactive to the program’s April 1, 2010, start date. Under the program, we earned rebates on electricity purchased and consumed by our northern Ontario pulp and paper mills, subject to certain conditions. These rebates, which effectively reduce our energy costs, are available until the program expires in April of 2016. Of the rebates we recorded in 2011, $8 million related to 2010.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization increased by $13 million in 2012, mainly as a result of the acquisition of Fibrek’s assets.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
SG&A was $9 million lower in 2012 compared to 2011, as we collected a refund of certain group benefit premiums paid in prior years ($11 million) and recorded lower severance and transition costs ($8 million). These favorable changes to SG&A were partially offset by higher special project costs ($6 million), including Fibrek, and the SG&A associated with the addition of Fibrek.
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
We recorded closure costs, impairment and other related charges of $185 million in 2012, $139 million higher than in 2011, as a result of our asset optimization initiatives during the year, including the idling and sale of operations in Mersey, Nova Scotia, the idling of a kraft pulp mill and paper machine in Fort Frances and the closure of a paper machine in Laurentide. Our major initiatives in 2011 included machine closures in Coosa Pines, Baie-Comeau and Kénogami as well as restructurings in our Mokpo and Mersey facilities.
Net gain on disposition of assets
We recognized a net gain on disposition of assets of $35 million in 2012, compared to $3 million in 2011, mainly as a result of the sale of timberlands in Nova Scotia in the first quarter.

34


Net income variance analysis
Net income in 2012 was $1 million, or $0.01 per share, a decrease of $46 million, or $0.47 per share, compared to net income in 2011 of $47 million, or $0.48 per diluted common share.
Interest expense
Interest expense decreased by $29 million, to $66 million, in 2012 from $95 million in 2011. The decrease related to the elimination of ACH’s debt in connection with the sale of our interest ($7 million) and the lower principal amount of senior secured notes as a result of redemptions, including $179 million in June 2011, an additional $85 million in November of that year and $85 million in October of 2012.
Other income (expense), net
Other income, net, was $22 million in 2012, compared to an expense of $48 million in 2011. The change of $70 million includes a foreign exchange gain (compared to a 2011 loss) on the translation of Canadian dollar net monetary assets to U.S. dollars ($38 million) and lower post-emergence costs ($36 million), which represented legal and other professional fees for the resolution and settlement of disputed creditor claims and other post-emergence activities.
Income taxes
We recorded a $39 million income tax benefit in 2012, on a loss before income taxes of $72 million, $14 million more than the expected $25 million benefit calculated using the federal statutory income tax rate of 35%. Our effective tax rate for the year was therefore 54%. This stems from the favorable effects of reorganization-related and other tax adjustments of $13 million, foreign exchange of $10 million, research and development tax incentives of $8 million and adjustments for unrecognized tax benefits of $5 million, offset by a net increase in valuation allowances of $24 million. This net increase in valuation allowances was primarily due to the costs associated with the idling of our Mersey operations before the assets were sold and an internal reorganization of our U.S. Fibrek subsidiaries. In 2011, our income tax provision was $19 million, on income before income taxes of $64 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 30%. The provision included a favorable adjustment to reserves for unrecognized tax benefits of $63 million on the completion of certain tax authority examinations, mostly offset by the unfavorable effects of prior year reorganization-related tax adjustments of $38 million, foreign exchange of $9 million, and an increase in valuation allowances of $15 million on certain deferred income tax benefits we no longer expected to realize.
Segment Earnings
We manage our business based on the products we manufacture. Our reportable segments correspond to our principal product lines: newsprint, specialty papers, market pulp and wood products. As of the fourth quarter, the results from our coated papers operations have been integrated with the specialty papers segment. This better reflects management’s internal analysis, given the increasingly high degree of substitution with supercalender grades, and the diminishing percentage coated papers represents in our product portfolio. Comparative information has been modified to conform to this revised segment presentation.
We do not allocate any of the income or loss items following “ operating (loss) income ” in our consolidated statements of operations to our segments because those items are reviewed separately by management. Similarly, we do not allocate to the segments closure costs, impairment and other related charges, severance costs, inventory write-downs related to closures, startup costs of idled mills, net gain on disposition of assets, transaction costs, as well as other discretionary charges or credits. We also exclude certain corporate items from the segments, and present those separately as “corporate and other,” consistent with how management analyzes the results.
We allocate SG&A to the segments, with the exception of severance costs and certain other discretionary charges and credits, which are presented under corporate and other. Depreciation and amortization is also allocated to our segments.

35


NEWSPRINT
Highlights
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions, except where otherwise stated)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Sales
$
1,473

 
$
1,627

 
$
1,816

 
Operating income (1)
 
40

 
 
97

 
 
89

 
EBITDA (2)
 
113

 
 
169

 
 
162

 
(in thousands of metric tons)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shipments
 
2,392

 
 
2,491

 
 
2,753

 
Downtime
 
141

 
 
260

 
 
102

 
Inventory at end of period
 
99

 
 
90

 
 
78

 
(1)  
Net income including noncontrolling interests is equal to operating income in this segment.
(2)  
EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, is reconciled below. For more information on the calculation and reason we include this measure, see note 1 under “ Results of Operations – Consolidated Earnings – Selected Annual Financial Information ” above.
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net income including noncontrolling interests
$
40

 
$
97

 
$
89

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
73

 
 
72

 
 
73

 
EBITDA
 
113

 
 
169

 
 
162

 
Industry trends
Source: Pulp & Paper Products Council (or “ PPPC ”)
Total North American demand for newsprint fell by 10% in 2013, with a 10% reduction in demand from newspaper publishers and 6% from other users. Globally, demand was down by 5%; Western Europe was down by 6% and Latin America by 7%, but demand was up 7% in India. An 11% increase in exports helped North American producers ship only 4% less overall than last year, with a 31% increase in shipments to Asia and 2% to Latin America. Accordingly, the shipment-to-capacity ratio in North America remained at 92% for the year, compared to the global average of 90%.

36


Operational Performance
2013 vs. 2012
Operating income variance analysis
Sales
Newsprint sales were $1,473 million, down by $154 million, or 9%, as a result of a 6% drop in average transaction price, or $37 per metric ton, and a 4% reduction in shipments, or 99,000 metric tons. The drop in shipments reflects our initiatives to optimize mill assets in response to changing market dynamics. As a result, we’ve reduced our annualized capacity by 285,000 metric tons, representing:
the closure, in the second quarter of 2012, of the Mersey, Nova Scotia, newsprint mill; and
the idling of the Calhoun newsprint machine, net of the corresponding restart of the Gatineau newsprint mill in the second quarter of 2013.
Among other advantages, the Gatineau mill benefits from a more competitive cost position, in part due to its ability to make external power sales from its cogeneration facility.

37


We took 79,000 metric tons less downtime in 2013, not including 2012 downtime at the Mersey mill (40,000 metric tons), which represents a net capacity reduction. Our export volume represented 44% of total shipments, compared to 41% in 2012.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS improved by $94 million in 2013. In addition to the effect of lower volume and the weaker Canadian dollar, there was a $36 million improvement in manufacturing costs, which was favorably affected by:
asset optimization initiatives and lower labor costs because of restructuring initiatives ($31 million); and
external sales of power from our new cogeneration facilities, and lower chip and recovered paper pricing ($29 million).
Manufacturing costs were unfavorably affected by:
higher maintenance costs ($8 million);
higher fuel energy costs, mostly because of natural gas pricing ($7 million); and
the receipt of insurance proceeds in 2012 for the 2011 roof collapse at our Clermont mill ($7 million).
Distribution costs
Excluding the effect of volume, distribution costs rose by $9 million, mostly as a result of an increase in our export business from North American mills and the closure of the Calhoun newsprint machine.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Segment SG&A fell by $5 million as a result of higher allocation to the market pulp segment following the acquisition of Fibrek.
2012 vs. 2011
Operating income variance analysis

38


Sales
In 2012, newsprint sales decreased $189 million, or 10%, to $1,627 million, primarily as a result of a 262,000 metric ton decrease in shipments and a $6 per metric ton reduction in average transaction price.
Shipments were down as a result of our efforts to control finished goods inventory and to manage our exposure to newsprint export markets pressured by the strong U.S. dollar. We took 158,000 metric tons more downtime in 2012 than in 2011, and we indefinitely idled, and subsequently sold, our export-focused Mersey newsprint mill, reducing our annual capacity by approximately 250,000 metric tons.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS improved by $173 million in 2012, or $79 million, net of the impact of lower volume and the $11 million positive effect of the weaker Canadian dollar, including:
lower costs of power and fuel on lower natural gas pricing and energy saving initiatives ($22 million);
favorable recovered paper pricing ($20 million);
the idling of the Mersey facility in June ($18 million);
lower labor costs as a result of various restructuring initiatives ($16 million);
other operational cost improvements ($13 million); and
favorable fiber costs, including kraft usage and lower pricing for wood chips ($7 million).
Compared to 2011, segment COS was also favorably affected with the receipt of insurance proceeds ($7 million) for the 2011 roof collapse at our Clermont mill, but it was unfavorably affected by the loss of power sales income as a result of our sale of ACH in 2011 ($19 million), a non-cash obsolescence provision for slow-moving spare parts ($6 million) and the benefit of a 2010 NIER rebate recorded in 2011 ($5 million).
SPECIALTY PAPERS
Highlights
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions, except where otherwise stated)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Sales
$
1,366

 
$
1,562

 
$
1,813

 
Operating income (1)
 
35

 
 
85

 
 
122

 
EBITDA (2)
 
112

 
 
168

 
 
206

 
(in thousands of short tons)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shipments
 
1,837

 
 
2,054

 
 
2,410

 
Downtime
 
188

 
 
192

 
 
96

 
Inventory at end of period
 
96

 
 
82

 
 
94

 
(1)  
Net income including noncontrolling interests is equal to operating income in this segment.
(2)  
EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, is reconciled below. For more information on the calculation and reason we include this measure, see note 1 under “ Results of Operations – Consolidated Earnings – Selected Annual Financial Information ” above.
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net income including noncontrolling interests
$
35

 
$
85

 
$
122

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
77

 
 
83

 
 
84

 
EBITDA
 
112

 
 
168

 
 
206

 

39


Industry trends  
Source: PPPC
North American demand for uncoated mechanical papers rose by 3% in 2013, with a 14% increase in demand for high-gloss (supercalender) grades, as certain customers substituted down from coated mechanical grades. Demand was down by 3% for standard grades. The industry shipment-to-capacity ratio was 92% for 2013, unchanged from 2012.
Source: PPPC
Demand for coated mechanical grades was down 7% in the year. After being considerably higher through three quarters, imports fell significantly in the fourth quarter, finishing the year down 11% overall. The industry shipment-to-capacity ratio dropped 4% in 2013, to 89%.
Operational Performance

40


2013 vs. 2012
Operating income variance analysis
Sales
Specialty papers sales were $1,366 million in 2013, a $196 million decrease, or 13%, reflecting the unfavorable effect of a 197,000 metric ton (217,000 short tons) decrease in shipments and a 2% drop in average transaction price, or $16 per short ton. The drop in shipments reflects our efforts to optimize the asset base, maximizing the utilization of our most cost-effective mills and streamlining production to adapt to changing market dynamics. As a result, we’ve reduced our annualized capacity by 220,000 metric tons (243,000 short tons), representing:
the indeterminate idling of a coated paper machine at our Catawba mill (June 2012);
the indefinite idling of a high-bright and book paper machine at our Fort Frances mill (November 2012); and
the permanent closure of a high-gloss paper machine at our Laurentide mill, and the corresponding restart of the Dolbeau high-gloss paper machine (October 2012).
Not including 125,000 metric tons (138,000 short tons) of 2012 downtime at Catawba and Fort Frances, which represents net capacity reductions, we took 16,000 metric tons (18,000 short tons) less downtime in 2013.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS improved by $125 million in 2013. Other than the effect of volume and the favorable effect of the weaker Canadian dollar, manufacturing costs improved by $21 million as a result of:
external sales of power from our new cogeneration facilities and lower labor costs as a result of restructuring initiatives ($15 million);
more efficient fiber usage and lower chip and recovered paper pricing ($15 million);
lower electricity costs, mostly due to lower consumption in the U.S. southeast ($9 million);
lower usage of coating chemicals ($6 million); and
the receipt in 2013 of a business interruption insurance claim relating to a 2012 fire at our Dolbeau facility ($3 million);

41


partially offset by:
higher unscheduled maintenance and repair costs ($16 million);
higher wood costs in the U.S. southeast, including as a result of wet weather and usage ($6 million); and
higher fuel energy costs, mostly because of higher natural gas prices ($5 million).
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization decreased by $6 million, reflecting lower depreciation as a result of the reduced carrying value of idled assets.
2012 vs. 2011
Operating income variance analysis
Sales
Specialty paper sales decreased $251 million, or 14%, to $1,562 million in 2012, reflecting the unfavorable effect of a 323,000 metric ton (356,000 short ton) decrease in shipments ($265 million) and the favorable impact of a $8 per short ton increase in average transaction price ($14 million).
We optimized our asset base in the segment as part of our ongoing efforts to manage production and inventory levels and to focus production in our most cost-effective mills. While we took only 87,000 additional metric tons (96,000 short tons) of downtime in 2012 compared to 2011, we adjusted our network with the following capacity initiatives:
closure of one paper machine at Kénogami (December 2011);
indeterminate idling of one paper machine at Catawba (June 2012);
restart of Dolbeau (October 2012);
closure of one paper machine at Laurentide (November 2012); and
idling of one paper machine at Fort Frances (November 2012).
These adjustments resulted in a net decrease of approximately 222,000 metric tons (246,000 short tons) of operating capacity on an annualized basis.

42


Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS decreased $187 million in 2012. Other than the impact of volume and the weaker Canadian dollar, COS was favorably influenced by the positive effects of:
lower costs for power and steam ($17 million);
lower labor and benefits costs ($10 million) as a result of various restructuring initiatives;
a decline in kraft usage ($4 million); and
lower fiber costs ($3 million)
partially offset by:
higher unscheduled maintenance and repair costs ($18 million);
higher wood costs in the U.S. southeast due to the wet weather ($8 million);
higher costs for coating and other chemicals ($6 million);
a non-cash obsolescence provision for slow-moving spare parts ($5 million);
and additional costs associated with the ramp-up of operations at the Dolbeau facility ($4 million).
Distribution costs
Segment distribution costs decreased $19 million in 2012 as a result of the lower volume, offset by increased unit costs ($8 million) as a result of delays in Dolbeau’s start-up, which led to more costly modes of transportation to meet delivery deadlines.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
We allocated less SG&A to the segment in 2012 due to the reductions in operating capacity as well as the higher allocation to the market pulp segment as a result of the Fibrek acquisition.
MARKET PULP
Highlights
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions, except where otherwise stated)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Sales
$
1,053

 
$
814

 
$
659

 
Operating income (loss) (1)
 
42

 
 
(43
)
 
 
91

 
EBITDA (2)
 
94

 
 
1

 
 
121

 
(in thousands of metric tons)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shipments
 
1,583

 
 
1,254

 
 
902

 
Downtime
 
51

 
 
300

 
 
97

 
Inventory at end of period
 
81

 
 
121

 
 
79

 
(1)  
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interests is equal to operating income (loss) in this segment.
(2)  
EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, is reconciled below. For more information on the calculation and reason we include this measure, see note 1 under “ Results of Operations – Consolidated Earnings – Selected Annual Financial Information ” above.
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interests
$
42

 
$
(43
)
 
$
91

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
52

 
 
44

 
 
30

 
EBITDA
 
94

 
 
1

 
 
121

 

43


Industry trends
Source: PPPC
The chemical pulp market grew by over 1.5 million tons in 2013, up 3%. Regionally, North American demand was up 5%, China, 9%, while Western Europe was down 1%. Softwood mills operated at a strong 94% ratio in 2013.
Operational Performance

44


2013 vs. 2012
Operating income (loss) variance analysis
Sales
Sales in the market pulp segment were $1,053 million in 2013, an increase of $239 million, or 29%. The average transaction price was 2% higher in 2013, or $16 per metric ton. Shipments rose by 329,000 metric tons, or 26%. 263,000 metric tons of the increase relates to the three former Fibrek pulp mills, reflecting the additional four months of results given the timing of the acquisition, as well as more operating time at the Saint-Félicien mill in light of the extensive downtime taken in 2012 to improve its operational and environmental performance. Shipments from non-Fibrek mills rose by 8% as a result of stronger market conditions.
Not including downtime associated with the Fort Frances pulp mill, which represents a net capacity reduction, we took 147,000 metric tons less downtime in 2013 in light of the stronger market conditions and the extensive 2012 downtime at Saint-Félicien.
We idled the Fort Frances kraft pulp mill in November of 2012, reducing the production available for external sales by 63,000 metric tons on an annualized basis. The mill’s operational configuration was such that we did not believe it could be operated profitably following the loss of its key customer.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS increased by $128 million in 2013, mainly as a result of our Fibrek acquisition.
Other than the effect of the weaker Canadian dollar, manufacturing costs improved by $24 million, mostly because of:
lower chip and recovered paper costs ($22 million);
external power sales from the additional cogeneration capacity at the Saint-Félicien and Thunder Bay mills, and lower maintenance costs compared to the extensive catch-up maintenance at the Saint-Félicien mill in 2012 ($18 million);
partially offset by:
higher wood costs in the U.S. southeast due to the wet weather ($8 million); and
higher fuel energy costs, mostly because of higher natural gas prices ($8 million).

45


Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization rose by $8 million, primarily as a result of the addition of the three Fibrek mills.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Segment SG&A allocation rose by $5 million as a result of higher allocation to the segment following the acquisition of Fibrek.
2012 vs. 2011
Operating (loss) income variance analysis
Sales
Sales in the market pulp segment increased $155 million, or 24%, to $814 million in 2012. Shipments rose 352,000 metric tons, including the additional volume ($268 million) with our acquisition of Fibrek, which we began to consolidate in our results as of May. Excluding Fibrek, we experienced a $100 per metric ton decrease in average transaction price ($86 million) and a reduction in shipments compared to 2011 ($27 million). Overall, we took over 205,000 metric tons more downtime in the year, as we increased market downtime in response to softer market conditions compared to 2011, and as a result of downtime associated with the extensive maintenance outage and environmental work at Fibrek’s Saint-Félicien mill.We also idled our Fort Frances kraft pulp mill in November.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS increased $249 million in 2012, mainly as a result of our acquisition of Fibrek ($242 million), partly offset by the favorable impact of lower volume. Unfavorable items included higher costs for chemicals ($11 million), maintenance and labor ($10 million), and, for Fibrek, $16 million of maintenance costs relating to the five-week outage at Saint-Félicien.
Depreciation and amortization
Primarily as a result of adding the three Fibrek mills to our asset base, segment depreciation and amortization increased by $14 million compared to 2011.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
SG&A increased $4 million as a result of higher allocation to the segment following the acquisition of Fibrek.

46


WOOD PRODUCTS
Highlights  
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions, except where otherwise stated)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Sales
$
569

 
$
500

 
$
468

 
Operating income (loss) (1)
 
41

 
 
26

 
 
(25
)
 
EBITDA (2)
 
77

 
 
60

 
 
8

 
(in millions of board feet)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shipments
 
1,480

 
 
1,442

 
 
1,586

 
Downtime
 
482

 
 
559

 
 
517

 
Inventory at end of period
 
123

 
 
101

 
 
124

 
(1)  
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interests is equal to operating income (loss) in this segment.
(2)  
EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, is reconciled below. For more information on the calculation and reason we include this measure, see note 1 under “ Results of Operations – Consolidated Earnings – Selected Annual Financial Information ” above.
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interests
$
41

 
$
26

 
$
(25
)
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
36

 
 
34

 
 
33

 
EBITDA
 
77

 
 
60

 
 
8

 
Industry trends  
Source : U.S. Census Bureau
Actual U.S. housing starts in 2013 were 923,000, 18% higher than in 2012.

47


Operational Performance
 
2013 vs. 2012
Operating income variance analysis
Sales
Wood products sales were $569 million in 2013, a $69 million increase, or 14%, as a result of an 11% increase in average transaction price, or $37 per thousand board feet, and a 3% rise in shipments, or 38 million thousand board feet of lumber, both reflecting stronger market conditions.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS rose by $45 million, or 12%. The effect of greater shipment volume offset the benefit of the weaker Canadian dollar, while manufacturing costs rose by $44 million because of:
higher log costs in the province of Québec ($25 million), including: higher stumpage fees, most of which was lumber market-price related, and other costs associated with the comprehensive modification of the forest tenure system in the province; and

48


lower internal wood chip selling prices ($12 million).
2012 vs. 2011
Operating income (loss) variance analysis
Sales
Wood products sales increased $32 million, or 7%, to $500 million in 2012. The principal favorable variance was an increase in average transaction price of $53 per thousand board feet, partially offset by a 144 million board feet reduction in shipments. The drop in shipments stems from lower production, including the closure of the Oakhill sawmill in Nova Scotia and downtime at certain Québec sawmills.
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
Segment COS decreased $8 million in 2012, including the favorable impact of lower volume. Manufacturing costs were favorably influenced by lower maintenance costs ($8 million) due in part to the closure of the Oakhill sawmill, and a favorable inventory adjustment as a result of increasing market prices for lumber products ($6 million). They were unfavorably affected by: lower prices on chip sales ($8 million); higher stumpage costs ($17 million), which are directly related to lumber prices; and unfavorable fiber usage ($4 million) due to size and species mix.
Distribution costs
Segment distribution costs decreased $13 million in 2012 as a result of lower volumes ($7 million) and lower freight costs ($6 million).

49


CORPORATE AND OTHER
Highlights  
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
$
(44
)
 
$
(37
)
 
$
(14
)
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
(5
)
 
 

 
 

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
(24
)
 
 
(6
)
 
 
(13
)
 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
(89
)
 
 
(185
)
 
 
(46
)
 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
2

 
 
35

 
 
3

 
Operating loss
$
(160
)
 
$
(193
)
 
$
(70
)
 
The table below shows the reconciliation of net loss including noncontrolling interests to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA, which are non-GAAP financial measures. For more information on the calculation and reason we include these measures, see note 1 under “Results of Operations – Consolidated Earnings – Selected Annual Financial Information” above.  
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net loss including noncontrolling interests
$
(797
)
 
$
(198
)
 
$
(232
)
 
Interest expense
 
51

 
 
66

 
 
95

 
Income tax provision (benefit)
 
524

 
 
(39
)
 
 
19

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
5

 
 

 
 

 
EBITDA
$
(217
)
 
$
(171
)
 
$
(118
)
 
Foreign exchange translation loss (gain)
 
24

 
 
(17
)
 
 
21

 
Severance costs
 

 
 
5

 
 
12

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
89

 
 
185

 
 
46

 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
11

 
 
12

 
 
3

 
Start up costs of idled mills
 
32

 
 
13

 
 

 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
(2
)
 
 
(35
)
 
 
(3
)
 
Net loss on extinguishment of debt
 
59

 
 

 
 

 
Transaction costs
 
6

 
 
8

 
 
5

 
Other (income) expense, net
 
(21
)
 
 
(5
)
 
 
27

 
Adjusted EBITDA
 
(19
)
 
 
(5
)
 
 
(7
)
 
2013 vs. 2012
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
COS rose by $7 million, to $44 million, in 2013, which includes start-up costs at our Gatineau mill ($32 million) and inventory write-downs associated with idlings at Calhoun and Fort Frances ($11 million). In the same period of 2012, we incurred start-up costs at Dolbeau and Gatineau ($13 million), closed mill costs at those mills before they were later restarted ($12 million) and inventory write-downs in connection with the idlings at our Mersey, Fort Frances and Laurentide mills ($12 million).
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization increased by $5 million, mainly because of the amortization of costs associated with the implementation of integrated business management software.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
SG&A was $18 million higher in 2013 largely because of credits we recorded in 2012, including a refund of certain group benefit premiums paid in prior years ($11 million).

50


Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
We recorded closure costs, impairment and other related charges of $89 million, compared to $185 million in the year-ago period. The current period included:
accelerated depreciation, severance and other costs associated with the idling of a newsprint machine at our Calhoun mill ($50 million);
severance, pension curtailment loss and other closure costs associated with the extended market-related outage at the remaining Fort Frances paper machine ($13 million);
long-lived asset impairment charges related to our U.S. recycling assets ($11 million); and
accelerated depreciation, severance and other costs associated with other asset optimization and restructuring initiatives ($15 million).
In the same period of 2012, we recorded:
long-lived asset impairment charges, severance costs, ongoing maintenance costs, and a pension plan curtailment and settlement loss as a result of idling the Mersey newsprint mill ($95 million);
severance costs, pension plan curtailment and settlement loss as well as the write-down of assets associated with the idling of a paper and a pulp machine in Fort Frances and other costs ($45 million);
accelerated depreciation and severance costs associated with the idling of a machine at our Laurentide mill ($22 million);
severance costs and a pension curtailment loss associated with restructuring initiatives at our Baie-Comeau and Catawba mills ($8 million); and
a settlement loss for lump sum payments to vested terminated participants in certain U.S. pension plans ($7 million).
Net gain on disposition of assets
We recognized a net gain on disposition of assets of $2 million in 2013, compared to $35 million in 2012, mainly as a result of the sale of timberlands in Nova Scotia in the first quarter of 2012.
2012 vs. 2011
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
COS rose by $23 million, to $37 million, in 2012. In 2012, we incurred start-up costs for our Dolbeau and Gatineau mills ($13 million), write-downs of inventory as a result of the capacity reduction initiatives at Mersey, Fort Frances and Laurentide ($12 million) and other costs related to closed mills ($12 million). By comparison, in 2011, we incurred costs related to closed mills ($9 million), write-downs of inventory ($3 million) with the elimination of paperboard production at our Coosa Pines paper mill and costs related to the permanent closure of a paper machine at our Kénogami paper mill.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Corporate SG&A was $7 million lower in 2012 than in 2011, mainly as a result of a refund of certain group benefit premiums paid in prior years ($11 million), partly offset by additional transaction costs.
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
We recorded closure costs, impairment and other related charges of $185 million in 2012, $139 million higher than in 2011, as a result of our asset optimization initiatives during the year, including the idling and sale of operations in Mersey, the idling of a kraft pulp mill and paper machine in Fort Frances, and the closure of a paper machine in Laurentide. Our major initiatives in 2011 included machine closures in Coosa Pines, Baie-Comeau and Kénogami, as well as restructurings in our Mokpo and Mersey facilities.
Net gain on disposition of assets
We recognized a net gain on disposition of assets of $35 million in 2012, compared to $3 million in 2011, mainly as a result of the sale of timberlands in Nova Scotia in the first quarter of 2012.

51


L IQUIDITY AND C APITAL R ESOURCES
Capital Resources
We rely on cash and cash equivalents, net cash provided by operations and the ABL credit facility to fund our operations, make pension contributions and to finance our working capital and capital expenditures.
As of December 31, 2013, we had cash and cash equivalents of $322 million and availability of $561 million under the ABL credit facility. As of December 31, 2013, our ABL credit facility was undrawn, but for ordinary course letters of credit. In our view, the Company has sufficient financial resources available to finance its business plan, meet its working capital requirements and maintain an appropriate level of capital spending.
Refinancing of Senior Secured Notes
On May 8, 2013, we completed the private offering of $600 million aggregate principal amount of 5.875% senior notes due 2023, or the “ 2023 notes .” The 2023 notes are unsecured and are guaranteed by substantially all of our U.S. subsidiaries. Interest on the 2023 notes is payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning November 15, 2013.
We used the proceeds from the sale of the 2023 notes to purchase, on May 8, 2013, $496 million aggregate principal amount of our 10.25% senior secured notes due 2018, or the “ 2018 notes ,” representing 99% of the outstanding amount, in connection with the tender offer and consent solicitation that expired on May 21, 2013. Aggregate consideration for the purchase was $584 million, including accrued and unpaid interest of $4 million. In connection with the refinancing, we entered into a supplemental indenture to eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants and certain events of default under the indenture and to release the collateral securing the obligations under the 2018 notes. We redeemed all of the remaining $5 million of outstanding principal amount of 2018 notes on October 8, 2013, at a redemption price of 103% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
ABL Credit Facility
The ABL credit facility, which expires on October 28, 2016, is an asset-based, revolving credit facility with an aggregate lender commitment of up to $665 million. As amended, it includes a $60 million swingline sub-facility and a $200 million letter of credit sub-facility. It also provides for an uncommitted incremental loan facility of up to $200 million, subject to certain terms and conditions. Revolving loans and letters of credit under the facility are subject to borrowing base availability, which is calculated monthly on the basis of eligible accounts receivable and inventory, minus certain reserves. The facility was undrawn as of December 31, 2013, except for $39 million of ordinary course letters of credit; availability was $561 million.
Generally, our obligations under the facility are guaranteed by certain material subsidiaries and they are secured by first priority liens on accounts receivable, inventory and related assets.
Our borrowings under the ABL credit facility bear interest at a rate equal to a specified base rate, the Canadian prime rate or the Eurodollar rate, in each case plus an applicable margin. We pay a commitment fee from 0.375% to 0.50% per year, subject to monthly pricing adjustments, and a fee on outstanding letters of credit at a rate equal to the applicable margin in respect of Eurodollar borrowings, plus a facing fee, as agreed to in writing from time to time, and certain administrative fees.
Loans and unused commitments under the facility are voluntarily repayable, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty. As recently amended, the facility does not include financial covenants, except for a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio if excess availability falls below the greater of: (i) $50 million and (ii) 10% of the lesser of (A) the total commitments and (B) the borrowing base then in effect. The requirement, as then in effect, was not triggered at any time in 2013 as excess availability was above these levels.
The ABL credit facility contains customary covenants for asset-based credit agreements of this type, and imposes certain restrictions, subject to a number of exceptions and qualifications, including limits on our ability to:
incur and repay indebtedness;
incur liens;
make certain restricted payments;
make certain investments;
merge, consolidate and dispose of assets;
enter into transactions with affiliates;
amend, modify or terminate the Canadian pension and benefit plans; and

52


modify material indebtedness.
The ABL credit facility also contains customary requirements to deliver financial statements, other reports and notices, as well as events of default, subject to grace periods and notice requirements.
The credit facility was amended as of February 25, 2014, to, among other things:
release the second priority liens on the collateral of the covered borrowers and guarantors previously pledged to secure the 2018 notes, with an ability to re-implement that second lien should we issue new secured debt with a second lien on the ABL collateral;
reduce the excess availability thresholds that trigger a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio;
increase the uncommitted incremental loan facility;
improve our borrowing capacity by providing more flexibility under the debt incurrence covenant, including significant expansion to baskets for unsecured and secured debt, subject to certain conditions; and
increase certain advance rates for purposes of calculating the borrowing base.
The 2023 Notes
The 2023 notes are unsecured and are guaranteed by substantially all of our U.S. subsidiaries, all of which also guaranteed our 2018 notes. The 2023 notes were sold at an offering price of 99.062% of the principal amount. Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning November 15, 2013.
The 2023 notes were issued pursuant to an indenture dated May 8, 2013, by and among the Company, the guarantors and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. The terms of the 2023 notes indenture impose certain restrictions, subject to a number of exceptions and qualifications, including limits on our ability to:
incur, assume or guarantee additional indebtedness;
issue redeemable stock and preferred stock;
pay dividends or make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock;
prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt;
make loans and investments;
incur liens;
issue dividends, make loans or transfer assets from our subsidiaries;
sell or otherwise dispose of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries;
consolidate or merge with or into, or sell substantially all of our assets to, another person;
enter into transactions with affiliates; and
enter into new lines of business.
The 2023 notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time on or after May 15, 2017, at the redemption prices specified in the 2023 notes indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Before that date, we may redeem some or all of the notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and a “make-whole” premium. We may redeem up to 35% of the notes before May 15, 2016, using proceeds from certain equity offerings at a price of 105.875% of the principal amount. We could be required to make an offer to purchase the notes upon the sale of certain assets or upon a change of control.
In connection with the offering of the 2023 notes, we and the guarantors entered into a registration rights agreement, dated as of May 8, 2013, with the initial purchasers. Under the terms of the registration rights agreement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to file with the SEC and cause to become effective a registration statement relating to an offer (which we refer to as the “ exchange offer ”) to: (i) exchange the 2023 notes for registered notes (which we refer to as the “ exchange notes ”), with substantially the same terms as the 2023 notes; and (ii) exchange the guarantees related to the 2023 notes for registered guarantees relating to the exchange notes, with substantially the same terms as the original guarantees. We have agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause the exchange offer to be completed within 400 days after the issuance of the 2023 notes. We have also agreed to file (and seek effectiveness of) a shelf registration statement, in certain circumstances, that would allow certain holders to offer some or all of the 2023 notes to the public.

53


If the exchange offer is not so completed, or if the shelf registration statement is not effective in the required circumstances, the annual interest rate on the 2023 notes will increase by 0.25% per annum for the first 90-day period following the event triggering the increase. The interest rate on the 2023 notes will increase by 0.25% per annum at the beginning of each subsequent 90-day period, up to a maximum of 1.0% additional interest per annum , until the exchange offer is completed or the shelf registration statement is filed, as applicable.
Flow of Funds
Summary of cash flows
A summary of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was as follows:
   
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
$
206

 
$
266

 
$
198

 
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
 
(151
)
 
 
(75
)
 
 
245

 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 
4

 
 
(297
)
 
 
(393
)
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
$
59

 
$
(106
)
 
$
50

 
2013 vs. 2012
Cash provided by operating activities
We generated $60 million less cash from operating activities in 2013 compared to 2012. The change was unfavorably affected by:
higher pension contributions and OPEB payments in 2013 ($32 million);
lower operating income, excluding the largely non-cash items such as closure costs, impairment and other related charges as well as depreciation and amortization, and the net gain on dispositions of assets ($27 million); and
$13 million less cash generated from working capital.
This was only partially offset by:
$14 million less in interest payments; and
a 2013 distribution from the liquidation of a former U.K. subsidiary ($12 million).
Cash used in investing activities
We used $151 million in investing activities in 2013, $76 million higher than in 2012. Other than the $8 million decrease in cash invested in fixed assets, the difference is almost entirely due to net favorable items in 2012, including:
a decrease in restricted cash due to the release of a tax indemnity given in connection with the sale of our interest in Manicouagan Power Company in 2009 ($76 million); and
the proceeds from disposition of timberlands in Nova Scotia ($24 million);
partially offset by:
the cash portion of the consideration paid for the acquisition of Fibrek ($24 million, net of cash acquired).
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Financing activities provided $4 million in 2013, compared to a use of $297 in 2012, for a $301 million difference.
In 2013, we received proceeds of $594 million in connection with the issuance of the 2023 notes, which we used to repurchase $501 million of the outstanding 2018 notes and to pay $84 million as a tender offer premium. We also paid financing and credit facility fees of $9 million. We also received an $8 million payment from our former joint venture partner in CNC in connection with our acquisition of their interest.
In 2012, we paid $27 million in cash as part of the consideration to acquire shares of the noncontrolling interest in Fibrek, we repaid its debt ($112 million), we repurchased 5.6 million of our own shares under our share repurchase program ($67 million) and we redeemed $85 million of our 2018 notes.

54


2012 vs. 2011
Cash provided by operating activities
We generated $68 million more cash from operating activities in 2012 compared to 2011, despite a $235 million reduction in operating income, as described in more detail above. The improvement was primarily due to: lower pension contributions net of expense ($80 million) as a result of a $17 million reduction in contributions to U.S. plans; and, in 2011, the $20 million voluntary additional and $25 million accelerated contributions for the first half of 2012; partly offset by a $14 million increase in the cash component of closure costs, impairment and other charges.
Cash (used in) provided by investing activities
We used $75 million for investing activities in 2012, compared to $245 million provided by investing activities in 2011. The $320 million difference reflects lower proceeds from: the disposition of assets ($265 million), as a result of the sale of Mersey assets in 2012, compared to the 2011 disposition of our investment in ACH; an increase in investments in fixed assets ($72 million) and cash used, in 2012, in the acquisition of Fibrek ($24 million). These changes were partially offset by a decrease of restricted cash in 2012, compared to a small increase in 2011, due to the partial release of a tax indemnity in connection with the sale of our interest in MPCo, the effects of which led to a $78 million change.
Cash used in financing activities
Cash used in financing activities was $96 million lower than in 2011, to $297 million, mainly as a result lower debt payments ($156 million). In 2011, we redeemed $264 million of senior secured notes and a $90 million promissory note, partly with the proceeds of ACH. In 2012, we redeemed $85 million of senior secured notes and we repaid Fibrek’s debt ($112 million). The year over year variance was unfavorably affected by purchases of our shares of common stock ($67 million) and higher payments for the acquisition of noncontrolling interests ($12 million) with the acquisition of Fibrek in 2012, compared to the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in Augusta Newsprint Company in 2011. 2012 also reflects the favorable effects of lower dividends and distribution to noncontrolling interests ($16 million).
2014 expectations
In 2014, we anticipate that we may use cash on hand to:
Make capital expenditures for compliance and maintenance of business activities of between $135 million and $160 million, plus between $75 million and $125 million for value-creating projects.
We may consider other strategic opportunities, with a particular focus on those that reduce our cost position, improve our product diversification, provide synergies or allow us to expand into future growth markets.
Subject to market conditions, repurchase up to the remaining $33 million authorized for share repurchases under our existing $100 million repurchase program.
Credit Rating Risk
Although the ABL credit facility does not include any provision that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade, we believe our access to capital markets at a reasonable cost is determined in large part by credit quality. A credit rating downgrade could impact our ability to access capital markets.
   
December 31,
 
2013
2012
2011
Standard & Poor’s
 
 
 
Senior secured notes rating
-      
BB      
BB-      
Long-term corporate credit rating
BB-      
BB-      
BB-      
Outlook
Stable      
Stable      
Stable      
Moody’s Investors Service
 
 
 
Senior secured debt
Ba3      
Ba3      
B1      
Corporate family rating
Ba3      
Ba3      
B1      
Probability of default
Ba3      
Ba3      
B1      
Outlook
Positive      
Stable      
Stable      

55


Subject to other factors affecting the credit markets as a whole, we believe our current ratings should provide a significant degree of flexibility in obtaining funds on competitive terms. These security ratings reflect the views of the rating agencies only. An explanation of the significance of these ratings can be obtained from each rating agency. The ratings are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities. Any rating can be revised upward or downward or withdrawn at any time by a rating agency.
Employee Benefit Plans
Canadian pension funding
Funding relief measures
As a pre-condition to our emergence from the creditor protection proceedings in 2010, we entered into agreements with the provinces of Québec and Ontario to establish parameters concerning the funding of the aggregate solvency deficits in our material Canadian registered pension plans, which we refer to as the “ affected plans ,” until 2020. These plans represented approximately 75% of our unfunded pension obligations as of December 31, 2013. In exchange for certain undertakings, the provinces confirmed, before our emergence, their intention to adopt regulations specific to us, which we refer to as the “ funding relief regulations ,” to implement those parameters in respect of the affected plans.
As adopted in mid-2011, the funding relief regulations provide that corrective measures would be required if the aggregate solvency ratio in the affected plans fell below a prescribed level under the targets specified by the regulations as of December 31 in any year through 2014. Thereafter, supplemental contributions would be required if the aggregate solvency ratio in the affected plans fell below a prescribed level under the targets specified by the regulations as of December 31 in any year on or after 2015 for the remainder of the period covered by the regulations.
Solvency deficit
The aggregate solvency ratio calculation is based on a number of factors and assumptions, including the accrued benefits to be provided by the plans, interest rate levels, membership data and demographic experience. The assumptions used in the calculation are materially different from the assumptions used to arrive at the net pension and OPEB obligations for purposes of our consolidated financial statements. Under Canadian actuarial rules for solvency determinations, the liabilities are calculated on the assumption that the plans are terminated at the measurement date (each December 31 for the affected plans), and the liabilities are discounted primarily using a specified annuity purchase rate, which is that day’s spot interest rate on government securities in Canada plus a prescribed margin. By contrast, for purposes of our consolidated financial statements, the discount rate is determined with a model that develops a hypothetical high-quality bond portfolio, where the bonds are theoretically purchased to settle the expected benefit payments of the plans.
 
December 31,
Affected Plans
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
Discount rate for accounting purposes
 
4.9
%
 
 
4.3
%
 
 
4.9
%
 
 
5.5
%
 
Balance sheet funded status
 
84.0
%
 
 
77.0
%
 
 
82.0
%
 
 
86.0
%
 
Annuity purchase rate for solvency purposes
 
3.9
%
(1)  
 
3.0
%
 
 
3.3
%
 
 
4.5
%
 
Solvency ratio
 
78.4
%
(1)  
 
67.3
%
 
 
69.4
%
 
 
77.5
%
 
(1)
Preliminary, subject to final actuarial report.
As of December 31, 2013, a 1% increase in the applicable annuity purchase rate described above would decrease the solvency deficit by approximately Cdn$520 million ($490 million, based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), and vice versa.
Corrective measures
The aggregate solvency ratio in the affected plans was below the minimum solvency level prescribed in the regulations on each of December 31, 2011, and December 31, 2012. Accordingly, the regulations required that we propose corrective measures designed to attain the target solvency ratio prescribed in the regulations within five years. The difference between the solvency status as of December 31, 2011, and the target specified under the funding relief regulations represented the portion of the solvency deficit that was subject to corrective measures; it amounted to approximately Cdn$500 million as of December 31, 2011 ($471 million, based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ).
In light of falling yields on government securities in Canada, and a 0.2% reduction in the prescribed margin to determine the annuity purchase rate under Canadian actuarial rules, the solvency deficit widened by an additional Cdn$130 million as of

56


December 31, 2012 ($122 million, based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), which then triggered the need for additional corrective measures in respect of that amount. Because of the rising interest rate environment, strong asset returns and 2013 funding, when we file the actuarial report in respect of the affected plans in the second quarter of this year, we expect that the solvency deficit as of December 31, 2013, will have decreased significantly from the level at December 31, 2012.
Nevertheless, in 2013, we reached an agreement in principle with Company stakeholders in Québec and in Ontario to replace the corrective measures mechanism under the funding relief regulations in favor of set incremental contributions beyond the basic funding under the existing framework. The agreement in principle provides that, among other things, our basic contribution to the affected plans will increase to Cdn$80 million for each year from 2013 through 2020, and the additional contribution based on free cash flow will be eliminated. Furthermore, our principal Canadian operating subsidiary undertook, upon emergence, to make an additional solvency deficit reduction contribution to its pension plans of Cdn$75, payable over four years, for each metric ton of capacity reduced in Québec or Ontario, in the event of downtime of more than six consecutive months or nine cumulative months over a period of 18 months, subject to certain conditions. Under the agreement in principle with Québec and Ontario, this would not apply to any capacity reduction before April of 2013.
We expect that in the coming months, Québec and Ontario will adopt regulations to implement this revised framework; accordingly, we accelerated Cdn$30 million of contributions to the affected plans in the fourth quarter, representing the incremental funding under the new regulations had they been adopted in 2013.
Should the provinces fail to implement the expected regulations and decide to enforce to current funding relief regulations despite the agreement in principle and the Cdn$30 million of accelerated contributions in 2013, we cannot estimate, at this time, the additional contributions, if any, that may be made or required in future years in respect of the corrective measures, but they could be material, which would negatively impact our cash flows and materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Partial wind-ups
On June 12, 2012, we filed a motion for directives with the Québec Superior Court in Canada, the court with jurisdiction in the creditor protection proceedings, seeking an order to prevent pension regulators in each of Québec, New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador from declaring partial wind-ups of pension plans relating to employees of former operations in New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador, or a declaration that any claim for accelerated reimbursements of deficits arising from a partial wind-up is a barred claim under the creditor protection proceedings. A partial wind-up would likely shorten the period in which any deficit within those plans, which could reach up to Cdn$150 million ($141 million, based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), would have to be funded if we do not obtain the relief sought. No hearing date has been set. At this time, we cannot estimate the additional contributions, if any, that may be required in future years, but they could be material.
Pension and OPEB plans
In 2013, gross contributions to our defined benefit pension and defined contribution pension (including SERP) were $133 million and $22 million, respectively. Of this aggregate 2013 funding of $155 million, we expensed $47 million. We also made $22 million of contributions to OPEB plans, $16 million of which was expensed.
For 2014, we estimate that our contributions to defined benefit pension and defined contribution pension plans (including SERP) will be approximately $140 million and $20 million, respectively, and we would expect to expense approximately $25 million in the aggregate. We also expect to make approximately $20 million of contributions to OPEB plans, of which $10 million would be expensed.
We fund our pension and OPEB plans as required by applicable laws and regulations, taking into account the agreements entered into with the provinces of Québec and Ontario discussed above. We may, from time to time, make additional payments.
Share Repurchase Program
On May 22, 2012, the board approved a share repurchase program of up to 10% of our common stock, for an aggregate purchase price of up to $100 million. Through December 31, 2012, we repurchased 5.6 million shares at a cost of $67 million. We did not repurchase shares in 2013.

57


Contractual Obligations
As of December 31, 2013 , the Company’s contractual obligations, including payments due by period, were as follows:
(in millions)
Total
 
 
2014
 
 
2015-2016
 
 
2017-2018
 
 
Thereafter
 
Long-term debt (1)
$
940

 
$
37

 
$
72

 
$
72

 
$
759

 
Non-cancelable operating lease obligations (2)
 
23

 
 
4

 
 
6

 
 
4

 
 
9

 
Purchase obligations
 
263

 
 
77

 
 
86

 
 
51

 
 
49

 
 
$
1,226

 
$
118

 
$
164

 
$
127

 
$
817

 
(1)  
Long-term debt commitments represent primarily interest payments on the 2023 notes over the periods indicated and payment of the remaining principal balance at maturity, assuming no further redemptions.
(2)  
We lease certain office premises, office equipment and transportation equipment under operating leases.
C HANGE I N A CCOUNTING P OLICY
In 2013, we changed our accounting policy for repair and maintenance costs associated with planned major maintenance activities. Previously, all repair and maintenance costs, including those associated with planned major maintenance, were expensed as incurred. We elected to change our accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs to the deferral method, whereby the costs of each planned major maintenance activity are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period until the next planned major maintenance activity. All other routine repair and maintenance costs continue to be expensed as incurred. We believe that the deferral method is preferable as the economic benefit associated with planned major maintenance activities are more appropriately recognized over the period of future benefit, which is not limited to the period the expense is incurred. In addition, the deferral method enhances the comparability of our financial results with our peer companies. In accordance with the guidance in FASB ASC 250, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections,” we have applied the change in accounting policy retroactively by adjusting our comparative consolidated financial statements for the effect of this change.
R ECENT ACCOUNTING G UIDANCE
None of the new accounting guidance is expected to materially affect our results of operations or financial condition.
C RITICAL A CCOUNTING E STIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires us to make accounting estimates based on assumptions, judgments and projections of future results of operations and cash flows. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements.
We base our estimates, assumptions and judgments on a number of factors, including historical experience, recent events, existing conditions, internal budgets and forecasts, projections obtained from industry research firms and other data that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. We believe that our accounting estimates are appropriate and that the resulting financial statement amounts are reasonable. Due to the inherent uncertainties in making estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates, requiring adjustments to financial statement amounts in future periods.
A summary of our significant accounting policies is disclosed in note 2, “summary of significant accounting policies ,” to our consolidated financial statements. Based upon a review of our significant accounting policies, we believe the following accounting policies require us to make accounting estimates that can significantly affect the results reported in our consolidated financial statements. We have reported the development, selection and disclosures of our critical accounting estimates to the audit committee of our board of directors, and the audit committee has reviewed the disclosures relating to these estimates.
Pension and OPEB obligations
Description of accounts impacted by the accounting estimate
We record assets and liabilities associated with our pension and OPEB obligations, net of pension plan assets that may be considered material to our financial position. We also record net periodic benefit costs associated with these net obligations as our employees render service. As of December 31, 2013 , we have pension and OPEB obligations aggregating $6,314 million and accumulated pension plan assets at fair value of $5,013 million . Our 2013 net periodic pension and OPEB costs were $ 41 million .

58


Judgments and uncertainties involved in the accounting estimate
The following inputs are used to determine our net obligations and our net periodic benefit costs each year and the determination of these inputs requires judgment:
discount rate – used to determine the net present value of our pension and OPEB obligations and to determine the interest cost component of our net periodic pension and OPEB costs;
return on assets – used to estimate the growth in the value of invested assets that are available to satisfy pension benefit obligations and to determine the expected return on plan assets component of our net periodic pension benefit costs;
mortality rate – used to estimate the impact of mortality on pension and OPEB obligations;
rate of compensation increase – used to calculate the impact future pay increases will have on pension benefit obligations; and
health care cost trend rate – used to calculate the impact of future health care costs on OPEB obligations.
The discount rate for our domestic and foreign plans was determined with a model that develops a hypothetical high-quality bond portfolio, where the bonds are theoretically purchased to settle the expected benefit payments of the plans. The discount rate reflects the single rate that produces the same discounted values as the value of the theoretical high-quality bond portfolio. In determining the expected return on assets, we considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of the pension portfolio. For the mortality rate of our domestic plans , we used actuarially-determined mortality tables that were consistent with our historical mortality experience and future expectations for mortality of the employees who participate in our domestic pension and OPEB plans. The mortality rate for our Canadian plans was established using the recently issued actuarially-determined mortality table reflecting a longer life expectancy, combined with the result of our historical mortality experience study that were consistent with our future expectations for mortality of the employees who participate in our foreign pension and OPEB plans. In determining the rate of compensation increase, we reviewed historical salary increases and promotions, while considering current industry conditions, the terms of collective bargaining agreements with our employees and the outlook for our industry. For the health care cost trend rate, we considered historical trends for these costs, as well as recently enacted healthcare legislation.
Effect if actual results differ from assumptions
Variations in assumptions could have a significant effect on the net periodic benefit costs and net unfunded pension and OPEB obligations reported in our consolidated financial statements. For example, a 25 basis point change in any one of these assumptions would have increased (decreased) our net periodic benefit costs for our pension and OPEB plans and our net pension and OPEB obligations as follows:  
 
2013 Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 
Net Pension and OPEB Obligations as of December 31, 2013
(In millions)
25 Basis Point Increase
25 Basis Point Decrease
 
25 Basis Point Increase
25 Basis Point Decrease
Assumption:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
$
(6
)
 
$
8

 
 
$
(160
)
 
$
170

 
Return on assets
 
(12
)
 
 
12

 
 
 

 
 

 
Rate of compensation increase
 
1

 
 
(1
)
 
 
 
8

 
 
(8
)
 
Health care cost trend rate
 
1

 
 
(1
)
 
 
 
7

 
 
(6
)
 
As of December 31, 2013 , the most significant change in our assumptions was an increase to 4.9% from 4.3% as of December 31, 2012, in the discount rate for our pension benefit obligations, resulting in a reduction of our pension benefit obligation of approximately $400 million.
The net periodic benefit costs of our pension plans is based on the expected return on plan assets and not the actual return on plan assets, and the net periodic benefit cost of our pension and OPEB plans is based on the expected change in pension and OPEB obligations arising from the time value of money and not the actual change in pension and OPEB obligations. Differences between these expected and actual results were recorded in “ accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our consolidated balance sheets as an actuarial gain or loss. Net gains arising in 2013 , before tax, and deferred in “ accumulated other comprehensive loss ” were $441 million and reduced our accumulated net actuarial loss. This loss will be amortized into

59


our consolidated statements of operations in future years and will increase our 2014 net periodic benefit costs by approximately $1 million.
Deferred income tax assets
Description of accounts impacted by the accounting estimates
We have significant net deferred income tax assets of $1,240 million recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013, representing net deferred income tax liabilities of $6 million in the United States and net deferred income tax assets of $1,246 million in Canada, respectively, and are comprised primarily of:
United States:
Deferred income tax assets of $1,306 million, comprised of $690 million for Federal and state operating loss carryforwards expiring between 2021 and 2033, $440 million for capital losses expiring in 2014 and $176 million for other temporary differences, mostly related to pension and OPEB plans.
Deferred income tax liabilities of $284 million, mostly related to accelerated depreciation on fixed assets.
A valuation allowance of $1,028 million against the net deferred income tax assets which are not more likely than not to be realized in the future.
Canada:
Deferred income tax assets of $1,359 million, comprised of $223 million related to a pool of scientific research and experimental development costs with no expiry, $133 million for Federal and provincial operating loss carryforwards expiring between 2014 and 2033, $113 million for tax credit carryforwards expiring between 2014 and 2033, $4 million for capital loss carryforwards with no expiry, as well as $886 million for other temporary differences, mostly related to fixed asset undepreciated capital costs with no expiry and pension and OPEB plans.
Deferred income tax liabilities of $47 million for various temporary differences.
A valuation allowance of $66 million related to items of a capital nature and the net deferred income tax assets associated with Fibrek Holding Inc., a Canadian wholly-owned subsidiary.
Other:
Deferred income tax assets of $27 million, mostly comprised of other foreign subsidiaries operating loss carryforwards expiring between 2019 and 2023.
A valuation allowance of $27 million against the net deferred income tax assets of other foreign subsidiaries which are not more likely than not to be realized in the future.
Judgments and uncertainties involved in the accounting estimates
At each reporting period, we assess whether it is more likely than not that the deferred income tax assets will be realized, based on the review of all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, estimates of future taxable income, past operating results and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The carrying value of our deferred income tax assets reflects our expected ability to generate sufficient future taxable income in certain tax jurisdictions to utilize these deferred income tax benefits.
Following the assessment of the realizability of our U.S. operations deferred income tax assets, we concluded that existing negative evidence outweighed positive evidence and that a full valuation allowance against our net deferred income tax assets was required. A cumulative loss position is considered significant negative evidence in assessing the realizability of deferred income tax assets that is difficult to overcome. As a result of our mill rationalization efforts, executed to improve our cost structure and asset base going forward, as well as changing dynamics in the pulp and paper industry, our U.S. operations were in a three year cumulative loss position for the year ended December 31, 2013. Considering that the weight given to positive and negative evidence must be commensurate with the extent to which that evidence may be objectively verified, the recent cumulative loss of our U.S. operations limits our ability to consider other subjective positive evidence, such as projections of future earnings. As a result, we recorded an increase to the income tax provision of $604 million in order to establish a full valuation allowance against our net U.S. deferred income tax assets. The non-cash charge to establish a valuation allowance does not have any impact on our consolidated operating income or cash flow. It also does not reduce our underlying tax attributes, nor hinders our ability to use them in the future. If, in the future, sufficient objective positive evidence becomes available such that, based on the weight of available evidence, it is determined to be more likely than not that some or all of the deferred income tax assets associated with our U.S. operations can be realized, the valuation allowance will be reduced as appropriate, with the related adjustment being recognized as a decrease to the income tax provision.

60


The weight of positive evidence, which included a review of historical cumulative earnings and our expected future performance, resulted in the conclusion by management that valuation allowances were not required for most of our deferred income tax assets in Canada, as they were determined to be more likely than not to be realized. We maintained a valuation allowance against certain items of a capital nature and on the net deferred income tax assets associated with Fibrek Holding Inc., a Canadian wholly-owned subsidiary. Although 2013 saw an improved performance for Fibrek Holding Inc., this Canadian subsidiary remained in a cumulative three year loss position for the year ended December 31, 2013. We will continue to monitor all available evidence related to this subsidiary, including past and expected future performance in order to assess the need for a valuation allowance. If in a future period Fibrek Holding Inc. moves into a three year cumulative earnings position and we are confident this represents sustained profitability, the valuation allowance will be reduced as appropriate, with the related adjustment being recognized as a decrease to the income tax provision.
The Company calculates its income tax provision for the period based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in the subsequent years. Adjustments based on actual filed income tax returns are recorded when identified.
Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions are recorded when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant tax authority. The amount of tax benefit recognized may differ from the amount taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. These differences represent unrecognized tax benefits and are reviewed at each reporting period based on facts, circumstances and other available evidence. We have unrecognized tax benefits of $81 million as of December 31, 2013. As income tax legislation and regulations are complex and subject to interpretation, our tax positions could be challenged by taxing authorities.
Effect if actual results differ from assumptions
Our expected future performance represents important positive evidence in determining the recoverability of our deferred income tax assets. If actual financial results are not consistent with the assumptions and judgments used, we may be required to reduce the value of our net deferred income tax assets by recording additional valuation allowances, resulting in an additional income tax expense that could be material.
We do not expect a significant change to the amount of unrecognized tax benefits over the next twelve months. However, any adjustments arising from examinations by tax authorities may alter the timing or amount of taxable income or deductions, or the allocation of income among tax jurisdictions and could differ from the amount accrued.
Long-lived assets
Description of accounts impacted by the accounting estimate
We have long-lived assets recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet of $ 2,355 million as of December 31, 2013 . These long-lived assets include fixed assets, net and amortizable intangible assets, net. In 2013 , we recorded depreciation and amortization of $ 243 million and impairment and accelerated depreciation charges aggregating $ 61 million associated with these long-lived assets. The depreciation and amortization and impairment charges are based on accounting estimates.
The unit of accounting for impairment testing for long-lived assets is its asset group (see note 2, “summary of significant accounting policies – impairment of long-lived assets,” to our consolidated financial statements). The unit of accounting for the depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets is at a lower level, either as a group of closely-related assets or at an individual asset level. The cost of a long-lived asset is amortized over its estimated remaining useful life, which is subject to change based on events and circumstances or management’s intention for the use of the asset.
Losses related to the impairment of long-lived assets to be held and used are recognized when circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable, such as continuing losses in certain businesses. When indicators that the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable are triggered, we evaluate the carrying value of the asset group in relation to its expected undiscounted future cash flows. If the carrying value of an asset group is greater than the expected undiscounted future cash flows to be generated by the asset group, an impairment charge is recognized based on the excess of the asset group’s carrying value over its fair value. If it is determined that the carrying value of an asset group is recoverable, we review and adjust, as necessary, the estimated useful lives of the assets in the group.
When an asset group meets the criteria for classification as an asset held for sale, an impairment charge is recognized, if necessary, based on the excess of the asset group’s carrying value over the expected net proceeds from the sale (the estimated fair value minus the estimated costs to sell the asset group).
Our long-lived asset impairment and accelerated depreciation charges are disclosed in note 5, “closure costs, impairment and other related charges ,” to our consolidated financial statements.

61


Judgments and uncertainties involved in the accounting estimate
The calculation of depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets requires us to apply judgment in selecting the remaining useful lives of the assets. The remaining useful life of an asset must address both physical and economic considerations. The remaining economic life of a long-lived asset is frequently shorter than its physical life. The pulp and paper industry in recent years has been characterized by considerable uncertainty in business conditions. Estimates of future economic conditions for our long-lived assets and therefore, their remaining useful economic life, require considerable judgment.
Asset impairment for long-lived assets to be held and used is tested at the lowest asset group level having largely independent cash flows. Determining the asset groups for long-lived assets to be held and used requires management’s judgment.
Asset impairment loss calculations require us to apply judgment in estimating asset group fair values and future cash flows, including periods of operation, projections of product pricing, first quality production levels, product costs, market supply and demand, foreign exchange rates, inflation, projected capital spending and, specifically for fixed assets acquired, assigned useful lives, functional obsolescence, asset condition and discount rates. When performing impairment tests, we estimate the fair values of the assets using management’s best assumptions, which we believe would be consistent with the assumptions that a hypothetical marketplace participant would use. Estimates and assumptions used in these tests are evaluated and updated as appropriate. One key assumption, especially for our long-lived assets in Canada, is the foreign exchange rate. Foreign exchange rates were determined based on our budgeted exchange rates for 2014 . The assessment of whether an asset group should be classified as held for sale requires us to apply judgment in estimating the probable timing of the sale, and in testing for impairment loss, judgment is required in estimating the net proceeds from the sale.
Effect if actual results differ from assumptions
If our estimate of the remaining useful life changes, such a change is accounted for prospectively in our determination of depreciation and amortization. Actual depreciation and amortization charges for an individual asset may therefore be significantly accelerated if the outlook for its remaining useful life is shortened considerably.
A number of judgments were made in the determination of our asset groups. If a different conclusion had been reached for any one of those assumptions, it could have resulted in the identification of asset groups different from those we actually identified. This may have resulted in a different conclusion when comparing the expected undiscounted future cash flows or the fair value to the carrying value of the asset group.
Actual asset impairment losses could vary considerably from estimated impairment losses if actual results are not consistent with the assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values.
Assets with proportionately greater risk of acceleration in depreciation and amortization or additional impairment those facilities that are presently idled. Information on certain of our idled assets can be found in note 5, “closure costs, impairment and other related charges ,” to our consolidated financial statements.

62


ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, prices for the products we manufacture and credit risk on accounts receivable from our customers.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
We compete with producers from around the world, particularly North America, Europe and South America, in most of our product lines with the exception of wood products, where we compete with other North American producers. We sell our products mainly in transactions denominated in U.S. dollars, but we also sell in certain local currencies, including the euro, the pound sterling and the Canadian dollar. In addition to the impact of product supply and demand, changes in the relative strength or weakness of these currencies, particularly the U.S. dollar, could also affect international trade flows in these products. A stronger U.S. dollar might attract imports, thereby increasing product supply and possibly creating downward pressure on prices. On the other hand, a weaker U.S. dollar might encourage U.S. exports but also increase manufacturing costs in Canadian dollars, or other foreign currencies.
Variations in exchange rates could also significantly affect our competitive position. In 2012, for example, the strength of the U.S. dollar against certain European currencies negatively affected the competitive position of North American newsprint producers selling in certain U.S. dollar-denominated international newsprint markets, like Asia and India. Some of our European competitors were able to price business more aggressively in those markets as a result of the relative weakness of their local currency, which negatively affected our ability to compete, forcing us to take steps to limit our exposure to these markets. Conversely, with the strengthening euro in 2013, particularly against the U.S. dollar, exports from North America rose, while they fell from Western Europe.
We are particularly sensitive to changes in the value of the Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar. The actual impact of these changes depends primarily on the proportion of our production and sales that occur in Canada, the proportion of our financial assets and liabilities denominated in Canadian dollars, and the magnitude, direction and duration of changes in the exchange rate. We expect exchange rate fluctuations to continue to impact costs and revenues, but we cannot predict the magnitude or direction of this effect for any period, and there can be no assurance of any future effects. In the last two years, the Canadian dollar fluctuated between a low of US$0.93 in December of 2013 and a high of US$1.03 in September of 2012 . Based on operating projections for 2014 , if the Canadian dollar strengthens by one cent against the U.S. dollar, we expect that it will decrease our annual operating income by approximately $15 million , and vice versa .
Furthermore, certain other assets and liabilities, including a substantial portion of our net pension and OPEB obligations and our deferred income tax assets, are denominated in Canadian dollars. As a result, our earnings can be subject to the potentially significant effect of foreign currency translation gains or losses in respect of these Canadian dollar net monetary assets. In this case, a strengthening of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar in any given period would generally cause a foreign currency translation gain, and a weakening of the Canadian dollar would generally lead to a foreign currency translation loss.
Product Price Risk
Historically, economic and market shifts, fluctuations in capacity, and changes in foreign currency exchange rates have created cyclical changes in prices, sales volume and margins for our products. Most of our paper, market pulp and wood products are commodities that are widely available from other producers; because these products have few distinguishing qualities from producer to producer, competition is based primarily on price, which is determined by supply relative to demand. The overall levels of demand for the products we manufacture, consequently our sales and profitability, reflect fluctuations in end-user demand, which depend in part on general economic conditions in North America and worldwide.
In the table below, we show the impact of a $25 change to the average transaction price per unit of our products, based on our operating configuration as of December 31, 2013 . This presentation measures only the impact of pricing and items directly related to price, and assumes that every other factor is held constant.
 

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Table of Contents

PRODUCT
Unit
Projected change in
annualized EBTIDA
($ millions)
$25 increase in
price per unit
$25 decrease in
price per unit
Newsprint
$ / metric ton
62
62
Specialty papers
$ / short ton
47
47
Market pulp
$ / metric ton
40
40
Wood products
$ / thousand board feet
24
24
Commodity Price Risk
We purchase significant amounts of energy, chemicals, wood fiber and recovered paper to supply our manufacturing facilities. These raw materials are market-priced commodities and as such, are subject to fluctuations in market prices. Increases in the prices of these commodities will tend to reduce our reported earnings and decreases will tend to increase our reported earnings. From time to time, we may enter into contracts aimed at securing a stable source of supply for commodities such as timber, wood fiber, energy, chemicals and recovered paper. These contracts typically require us to pay the market price at the time of purchase. Thus, under these contracts, we generally remain subject to market fluctuations in commodity prices.
Credit Risk
We are exposed to credit risk on the accounts receivable from our customers. In order to manage our credit risk, we have adopted policies, which include the analysis of the financial position of our customers and the regular review of their credit limits. We also subscribe to credit insurance and, in some cases, require bank letters of credit. Our customers are mainly in the business of newspaper publishing, advertising, printing, paper converting, consumer products as well as lumber wholesaling and retailing.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Financial Statements
 
 
Page
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December  31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Years Ended December  31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December  31, 2013 and 2012

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
   
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Sales
$
4,461

 
$
4,503

 
$
4,756

 
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
 
3,446

 
 
3,485

 
 
3,581

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
243

 
 
233

 
 
220

 
Distribution costs
 
521

 
 
514

 
 
547

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
166

 
 
149

 
 
158

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
89

 
 
185

 
 
46

 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
(2
)
 
 
(35
)
 
 
(3
)
 
Operating (loss) income
 
(2
)
 
 
(28
)
 
 
207

 
Interest expense
 
(51
)
 
 
(66
)
 
 
(95
)
 
Other (expense) income, net
 
(62
)
 
 
22

 
 
(48
)
 
(Loss) income before income taxes
 
(115
)
 
 
(72
)
 
 
64

 
Income tax (provision) benefit
 
(524
)
 
 
39

 
 
(19
)
 
Net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests
 
(639
)
 
 
(33
)
 
 
45

 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 
34

 
 
2

 
Net (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
(639
)
 
$
1

 
$
47

 
Net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
(6.75
)
 
$
0.01

 
$
0.48

 
Diluted
$
(6.75
)
 
$
0.01

 
$
0.48

 
Weighted-average number of Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
94.7

 
 
97.4

 
 
97.1

 
Diluted
 
94.7

 
 
97.5

 
 
97.1

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In millions)
 
   
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests
$
(639
)
 
$
(33
)
 
$
45

 
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unamortized prior service credits, net of tax of $0, $7 and $0 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
 
(3
)
 
 
23

 
 
(2
)
 
Change in unamortized actuarial losses, net of tax of $121, $135 and $127 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
 
350

 
 
(351
)
 
 
(317
)
 
Foreign currency translation
 
(4
)
 
 
1

 
 
10

 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
343

 
 
(327
)
 
 
(309
)
 
Comprehensive loss including noncontrolling interests
 
(296
)
 
 
(360
)
 
 
(264
)
 
Less: Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 

 
 
34

 
 
2

 
Change in unamortized actuarial losses, net of tax of $0 in both 2012 and 2011
 

 
 
6

 
 
8

 
Foreign currency translation
 

 
 
2

 
 
(2
)
 
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 
42

 
 
8

 
Comprehensive loss attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
(296
)
 
$
(318
)
 
$
(256
)
 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except per share amount)
 
  
December 31,
2013
December 31,
2012
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
322

 
$
263

 
Accounts receivable, net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade
 
536

 
 
576

 
Other
 
98

 
 
121

 
Inventories, net
 
529

 
 
558

 
Deferred income tax assets
 
32

 
 
56

 
Other current assets
 
45

 
 
56

 
Total current assets
 
1,562

 
 
1,630

 
Fixed assets, net
 
2,289

 
 
2,440

 
Amortizable intangible assets, net
 
66

 
 
69

 
Deferred income tax assets
 
1,266

 
 
2,000

 
Other assets
 
202

 
 
194

 
Total assets
$
5,385

 
$
6,333

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities and equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
$
533

 
$
581

 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
2

 
 
2

 
Deferred income tax liabilities
 
32

 
 

 
Total current liabilities
 
567

 
 
583

 
Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
597

 
 
532

 
Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations
 
1,294

 
 
1,946

 
Deferred income tax liabilities
 
26

 
 
75

 
Other long-term liabilities
 
62

 
 
72

 
Total liabilities
 
2,546

 
 
3,208

 
Commitments and contingencies
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Resolute Forest Products Inc. shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value. 117.0 shares issued and 94.5 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2013; 117.0 shares issued and 94.8 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2012
 

 
 

 
Additional paid-in capital
 
3,751

 
 
3,730

 
(Deficit) retained earnings
 
(592
)
 
 
47

 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(271
)
 
 
(614
)
 
Treasury stock at cost, 22.5 shares and 22.2 shares as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively
 
(61
)
 
 
(61
)
 
Total Resolute Forest Products Inc. shareholders’ equity
 
2,827

 
 
3,102

 
Noncontrolling interests
 
12

 
 
23

 
Total equity
 
2,839

 
 
3,125

 
Total liabilities and equity
$
5,385

 
$
6,333

 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(In millions)
  
Resolute Forest Products Inc. Shareholders’ Equity
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained Earnings (Deficit)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Treasury
Stock
Non-
controlling
Interests
Total Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2010
$

 
$
3,709

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
278

 
$
3,987

 
Share-based compensation costs for equity-classified awards
 

 
 
3

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
3

 
Net income (loss)
 

 
 

 
 
47

 
 

 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 
45

 
Dividends and distribution paid to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(21
)
 
 
(21
)
 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
 

 
 
(15
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(105
)
 
 
(120
)
 
Disposition of investment in ACH Limited Partnership (Note 6)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(8
)
 
 

 
 
(99
)
 
 
(107
)
 
Contribution of capital to noncontrolling interest
 

 
 
(10
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
15

 
 
5

 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(303
)
 
 

 
 
(6
)
 
 
(309
)
 
Balance as of December 31, 2011
 

 
 
3,687

 
 
47

 
 
(311
)
 
 

 
 
60

 
 
3,483

 
Share-based compensation costs for equity-classified awards
 

 
 
5

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
5

 
Net income (loss)
 

 
 

 
 
1

 
 

 
 

 
 
(34
)
 
 
(33
)
 
Acquisition of Fibrek Inc. (2.8 newly-issued shares and 0.5 shares of treasury stock) (Note 3)
 

 
 
38

 
 
(1
)
 
 

 
 
6

 
 

 
 
43

 
Disposition of investment in Bowater Mersey Paper Company Limited (our “Mersey operations”) (Note 6)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
16

 
 

 
 
9

 
 
25

 
Purchases of treasury stock (5.6 shares) (Note 17)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(67
)
 
 

 
 
(67
)
 
Distribution of common stock from the share reserve to Augusta Newsprint Company and Fibrek Inc., wholly-owned subsidiaries (0.1 shares in treasury) (Note 17)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Restricted stock units and deferred stock units vested (0.1 shares), net of shares forfeited for employee withholding taxes
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(5
)
 
 
(5
)
 
Contribution of capital to non-controlling interest
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
1

 
 
1

 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(319
)
 
 

 
 
(8
)
 
 
(327
)
 
Balance as of December 31, 2012
 

 
 
3,730

 
 
47

 
 
(614
)
 
 
(61
)
 
 
23

 
 
3,125

 
Share-based compensation costs for equity-classified awards
 

 
 
7

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
7

 
Net loss
 

 
 

 
 
(639
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(639
)
 
Contribution of capital from noncontrolling interest (net of tax of $3)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
5

 
 
5

 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest (Note 7)
 

 
 
14

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(14
)
 
 

 
Distribution of common stock from the shares reserve to the Company (0.3 shares in treasury) (Note 17)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 
(2
)
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
343

 
 

 
 

 
 
343

 
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$

 
$
3,751

 
$
(592
)
 
$
(271
)
 
$
(61
)
 
$
12

 
$
2,839

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
  
Years Ended December 31,
  
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests
$
(639
)
 
$
(33
)
 
$
45

 
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation
 
7

 
 
5

 
 
3

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
243

 
 
233

 
 
220

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
80

 
 
166

 
 
41

 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
11

 
 
12

 
 
3

 
Deferred income taxes
 
523

 
 
(36
)
 
 
15

 
Net pension contributions and other postretirement benefit payments
 
(117
)
 
 
(95
)
 
 
(175
)
 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 
(2
)
 
 
(35
)
 
 
(3
)
 
Loss (gain) on translation of foreign currency denominated deferred income taxes
 
93

 
 
(37
)
 
 
25

 
(Gain) loss on translation of foreign currency denominated pension and other postretirement benefit obligations
 
(88
)
 
 
30

 
 
(15
)
 
Gain on forgiveness of note payable
 
(12
)
 
 

 
 

 
Net loss on extinguishment of debt
 
59

 
 

 
 

 
Net planned major maintenance payments (Note 1)
 
(1
)
 
 
(7
)
 
 
(9
)
 
Premium related to debt redemptions
 

 
 
(5
)
 
 
(16
)
 
Dividends received from equity method investees in excess of income
 
6

 
 
2

 
 
9

 
Leasehold improvement incentive received from lessor
 

 
 
5

 
 

 
Changes in working capital:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
 
62

 
 
91

 
 
87

 
Inventories
 
16

 
 
(21
)
 
 
(39
)
 
Other current assets
 
10

 
 
5

 
 
31

 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 
(37
)
 
 
(11
)
 
 
(28
)
 
Other, net
 
(8
)
 
 
(3
)
 
 
4

 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
206

 
 
266

 
 
198

 
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash invested in fixed assets
 
(161
)
 
 
(169
)
 
 
(97
)
 
Disposition of investment in ACH Limited Partnership
 

 
 

 
 
296

 
Disposition of our interest in our Mersey operations, net of cash
 

 
 
14

 
 

 
Disposition of other assets
 
4

 
 
36

 
 
19

 
Acquisition of Fibrek Inc., net of cash acquired
 

 
 
(24
)
 
 

 
Proceeds from holdback related to disposition of investment in Manicouagan Power Company (“MPCo”)
 

 
 

 
 
29

 
Proceeds from insurance settlements
 
4

 
 

 
 
8

 
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash
 
8

 
 
76

 
 
(2
)
 
Increase in deposit requirements for letters of credit, net
 
(2
)
 
 
(12
)
 
 
(8
)
 
Other investing activities, net
 
(4
)
 
 
4

 
 

 
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
 
(151
)
 
 
(75
)
 
 
245

 
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issuance of long-term debt
 
594

 
 

 
 

 
Premium paid on extinguishment of debt
 
(84
)
 
 

 
 

 
Payments of debt
 
(503
)
 
 
(198
)
 
 
(354
)
 
Payments of financing and credit facility fees
 
(9
)
 
 

 
 
(3
)
 
Purchases of treasury stock
 

 
 
(67
)
 
 

 
Dividends and distribution to noncontrolling interests
 
(2
)
 
 
(5
)
 
 
(21
)
 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
 

 
 
(27
)
 
 
(15
)
 
Contribution of capital from noncontrolling interest
 
8

 
 

 
 

 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 
4

 
 
(297
)
 
 
(393
)
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
59

 
 
(106
)
 
 
50

 
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of year
 
263

 
 
369

 
 
319

 
End of year
$
322

 
$
263

 
$
369

 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid (received) during the year for:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest, including capitalized interest of $2, $2 and $1 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively
$
54

 
$
68

 
$
105

 
Income taxes, net
$
2

 
$

 
$
(6
)
 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements



Note 1. Organization and Basis of Presentation
Nature of operations
Resolute Forest Products Inc. (with its subsidiaries and affiliates, either individually or collectively, unless otherwise indicated, referred to as “Resolute Forest Products,” “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company”) is incorporated in Delaware. We are a global leader in the forest products industry, with a diverse range of products, including newsprint, specialty papers, market pulp and wood products, which are marketed in close to 90 countries. We own or operate over 40 pulp and paper mills and wood products facilities in the United States, Canada and South Korea, and power generation assets in Canada.
AbitibiBowater Inc. (our predecessor entity) and all but one of its debtor affiliates successfully emerged from creditor protection proceedings under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, as amended (“Chapter 11”) and the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada) (the “CCAA”), as applicable (collectively, the “Creditor Protection Proceedings”) on December 9, 2010 (the “Emergence Date”). The wholly-owned subsidiary operating the Mokpo, South Korea operations and almost all of the less than wholly-owned subsidiaries operated outside of the Creditor Protection Proceedings. We refer to AbitibiBowater Inc. and certain of its U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries as the “Debtors”. We refer to the Chapter 11 Debtors’ Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code and the CCAA Debtors’ CCAA Plan of Reorganization and Compromise , in each case as amended and including all exhibits and supplements thereto, together as the “Plans of Reorganization”, each as a “Plan of Reorganization” and individually as the “Chapter 11 Reorganization Plan” and the “CCAA Reorganization Plan”, respectively. Pursuant to the Plans of Reorganization, we distributed on the Emergence date the shares of our common stock for the benefit of unsecured creditors in the Creditor Protection Proceedings and we established a reserve of shares for the benefit of holders of disputed claims. By the end of 2013, all disputed claims had been definitively resolved, and the distribution of shares from the disputed claim share reserve in respect thereof had been completed. The Debtors’ Chapter 11 cases are closed; we expect imminently the court-appointed monitor for the CCAA proceedings to apply to the court for its discharge in respect of those CCAA cases, bringing them to a close as well.
Financial statements
We have prepared our consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). All amounts are expressed in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise indicated. Certain prior period amounts in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2013 presentation.
Consolidation
Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resolute Forest Products Inc. and its controlled subsidiaries. All significant transactions and balances between these companies have been eliminated. All consolidated subsidiaries are wholly-owned as of December 31, 2013 with the exception of the following:
Consolidated Subsidiary
Resolute Forest        
Products         
Ownership        
Partner
Partner
Ownership
Forest Products Mauricie L.P.
93.2%
Cooperative Forestière du Haut Saint-Maurice
6.8%
Donohue Malbaie Inc.
51%
NYT Capital Inc.
49%
Equity method investments
We account for our investments in affiliated companies where we have significant influence, but not control over their operations, using the equity method of accounting.
Change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs
In 2013, we changed our accounting policy for repair and maintenance costs associated with planned major maintenance activities. Previously, all repair and maintenance costs, including those associated with planned major maintenance, were expensed as incurred. We elected to change our accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs to the deferral method, whereby the costs of each planned major maintenance activity are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period until the next planned major maintenance activity. All other routine repair and maintenance costs continue to be expensed as incurred. We believe that the deferral method is preferable as the economic benefit associated with planned major maintenance activities are more appropriately recognized over the period of future benefit, which is not limited to the period the expense is

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


incurred. In addition, the deferral method enhances the comparability of our financial results with our peer companies. In accordance with the guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 250, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections,” we have applied the change in accounting policy retroactively by adjusting our comparative consolidated financial statements for the effect of this change. As a result of the change, retained earnings as of December 31, 2011 increased by $6 million , while having no impact on our retained earnings as of December 31, 2010 .
The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 was as follows:
(In millions, except per share amounts )
Before Accounting Policy Change
Adjustment
As
 Reported
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
$
3,447

 
$
(1
)
 
$
3,446

 
Loss before income taxes
 
(116
)
 
 
1

 
 
(115
)
 
Income tax provision
 
(525
)
 
 
1

 
 
(524
)
 
Net loss including noncontrolling interests
 
(641
)
 
 
2

 
 
(639
)
 
Net loss attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(641
)
 
 
2

 
 
(639
)
 
Basic net loss per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(6.77
)
 
 
0.02

 
 
(6.75
)
 
Diluted net loss per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(6.77
)
 
 
0.02

 
 
(6.75
)
 
Comprehensive loss attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(298
)
 
 
2

 
 
(296
)
 
The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2012 was as follows:
(In millions, except per share amounts )
As Previously Reported
Adjustment
As
 Reported
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
$
3,492

 
$
(7
)
 
$
3,485

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
180

 
 
5

 
 
185

 
Loss before income taxes
 
(74
)
 
 
2

 
 
(72
)
 
Income tax benefit
 
38

 
 
1

 
 
39

 
Net loss including noncontrolling interests
 
(36
)
 
 
3

 
 
(33
)
 
Net (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(2
)
 
 
3

 
 
1

 
Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(0.02
)
 
 
0.03

 
 
0.01

 
Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(0.02
)
 
 
0.03

 
 
0.01

 
Comprehensive loss attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(321
)
 
 
3

 
 
(318
)
 
The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 was as follows:
(In millions, except per share amounts )
As Previously Reported
Adjustment
As
 Reported
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
$
3,590

 
$
(9
)
 
$
3,581

 
Income before income taxes
 
55

 
 
9

 
 
64

 
Income tax provision
 
(16
)
 
 
(3
)
 
 
(19
)
 
Net income including noncontrolling interests
 
39

 
 
6

 
 
45

 
Net income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
41

 
 
6

 
 
47

 
Basic net income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
0.42

 
 
0.06

 
 
0.48

 
Diluted net income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
0.42

 
 
0.06

 
 
0.48

 
Comprehensive loss attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(262
)
 
 
6

 
 
(256
)
 

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was as follows:
  
2013
2012
(In millions)
Before Accounting Policy Change
Adjustment
As
Reported
As Previously Reported
Effect of Change
As
Adjusted
Other current assets
$
33

 
$
12

 
$
45

 
$
45

 
$
11

 
$
56

 
Deferred income tax assets (non-current)
 
1,267

 
 
(1
)
 
 
1,266

 
 
2,002

 
 
(2
)
 
 
2,000

 
(Deficit) retained earnings
 
(603
)
 
 
11

 
 
(592
)
 
 
38

 
 
9

 
 
47

 
There was no impact on net cash provided by operating activities for all periods as a result of the change in accounting policy.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Use of estimates
In preparing our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, management is required to make accounting estimates based on assumptions, judgments and projections of future results of operations and cash flows. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. The most critical estimates relate to the assumptions underlying the benefit obligations of our pension and other postretirement benefit (“OPEB”) plans, the recoverability of deferred income tax assets and the carrying values of our long-lived assets. Estimates, assumptions and judgments are based on a number of factors, including historical experience, recent events, existing conditions, internal budgets and forecasts, projections obtained from industry research firms and other data that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents generally consist of direct obligations of the U.S. and Canadian governments and their agencies, demand deposits and other short-term, highly liquid securities with a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase.
Accounts receivable
Accounts receivable are recorded at cost, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts that is based on expected collectibility, and such carrying value approximates fair value.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value using the average cost method. Cost includes labor, materials and production overhead, which is based on the normal capacity of our production facilities. Unallocated overhead, including production overhead associated with abnormal production levels, is recognized in “Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations when incurred.
Fixed assets
Fixed assets acquired are stated at acquisition cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. The cost of the fixed assets is reduced by any investment tax credits or government capital grants received. Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. We capitalize interest on borrowings during the construction period of major capital projects as part of the related asset and amortize the capitalized interest into earnings over the related asset’s remaining useful life. As discussed in Note 1, “Organization and Basis of Presentation – Change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs,” we elected to change our accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs to the deferral method, whereby the costs of each planned major maintenance activity are capitalized to “Other current assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized to “Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the estimated period until the next planned major maintenance activity. All other routine repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Environmental costs
We expense environmental costs related to existing conditions resulting from past or current operations and from which no current or future benefit is discernible. These costs are included in “Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs” or “ Other (expense) income, net ” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Expenditures that extend the life of the related property are capitalized. We determine our liability on a site-by-site basis and record a liability at the time it is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. Costs of future expenditures for environmental remediation obligations are discounted to their present value when the amount and timing of expected cash payments are reliably determinable.
Amortizable intangible assets
Amortizable intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
Impairment of long-lived assets
The unit of accounting for impairment testing for long-lived assets is its group, which includes fixed assets, amortizable intangible assets and liabilities directly related to those assets (herein defined as “asset group”). For asset groups that are held and used, that group represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other asset groups. For asset groups that are to be disposed of by sale or otherwise, that group represents assets to be disposed of together as a group in a single transaction and liabilities directly associated with those assets that will be transferred in the transaction.
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset group may no longer be recoverable. The recoverability of an asset group that is held and used is tested by comparing the carrying value of the asset group to the sum of the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by that asset group. In estimating the undiscounted future cash flows, we use projections of cash flows directly associated with, and which are expected to arise as a direct result of, the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. If there are multiple plausible scenarios for the use and eventual disposition of an asset group, we assess the likelihood of each scenario occurring in order to determine a probability-weighted estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows. The principal assumptions include periods of operation, projections of product pricing, production levels and sales volumes, product costs, market supply and demand, foreign exchange rates, inflation and projected capital spending. Changes in any of these assumptions could have a material effect on the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If it is determined that an asset group is not recoverable, an impairment loss is recognized in the amount that the asset group’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. The fair value of a long-lived asset group is determined in accordance with our accounting policy for fair value measurements, as discussed below. If it is determined that the carrying value of an asset group is recoverable, we review and adjust, as necessary, the estimated useful lives of the assets in the group.
When an asset group meets the criteria for classification as an asset held for sale, an impairment charge is recognized, if necessary, based on the excess of the asset group’s carrying value over the expected net proceeds from the sale (the estimated fair value minus the estimated costs to sell).
Asset groups to be disposed of other than by sale are classified as held and used until the asset group is disposed or use of the asset group has ceased.
Income taxes
We use the asset and liability approach in accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. This approach also requires the recording of deferred tax assets related to operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates applicable when temporary differences and carryforwards are expected to be recovered or settled. We have not provided for U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings, if any, of our foreign subsidiaries, as we have specific plans for the reinvestment of such earnings.
Valuation allowances are recognized to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the likelihood of realization, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, estimates of future taxable income, past operating results, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions are recorded when it is more likely than not, based on technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authorities. The amount of tax benefit recognized may differ from the amount taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. These differences represent unrecognized tax benefits and are reviewed at each reporting period based on facts, circumstances and available evidence. We recognize interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the income tax expense.
Pension and OPEB obligations
For our defined benefit plans, we recognize an asset or a liability for pension and OPEB obligations net of the fair value of plan assets. An asset is recognized for a plan’s over-funded status and a liability is recognized for a plan’s under-funded status. Changes in the funding status that have not been recognized in our net periodic benefit costs are reflected as an adjustment to our “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Net periodic benefit costs are recognized as employees render the services necessary to earn the pension and OPEB. Amounts we contribute to our defined contribution plans are expensed as incurred.
Fair value measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, and is based on any principal market for the specific asset or liability. We consider the risk of non-performance of the obligor, which in some cases reflects our own credit risk, in determining fair value. In accordance with FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” we categorize assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three different levels depending on the observability of the inputs employed in the measurement. This fair value hierarchy is as follows:
Level 1 -
Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
 
 
Level 2 -
Valuations based on observable inputs, other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted interest or currency exchange rates.
 
 
Level 3 -
Valuations based on significant unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, such as discounted cash flow methodologies based on internal cash flow forecasts.
The asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques used in the determination of fair value of our assets and liabilities, when required, maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.
Share-based compensation
We amortize the fair value of our stock incentive awards over the requisite service period using the straight-line attribution approach. The requisite service period is reduced for those employees who are retirement eligible at the date of the grant or who will become retirement eligible during the vesting period and who will be entitled to continue vesting in their entire award upon retirement. The fair value of stock options is determined using a Black-Scholes option pricing formula, and the fair value of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and deferred stock units (“DSUs”) is determined based on the market price of a share of our common stock on the grant date. We estimate forfeitures of stock incentive awards based on historical experience and recognize compensation cost only for those awards expected to vest. Estimated forfeitures are updated to reflect new information or actual experience, as it becomes available.
Any excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation gets recorded in the additional paid-in capital (“APIC”) pool and is available to absorb future tax related deficiencies. If the amount of future tax deficiencies is greater than the available APIC pool, we would record the excess as income tax expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. For each of the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 the balance of the APIC pool was zero .
Any cash flows resulting from the tax benefit that arise from the exercise of stock options and the vesting of RSUs and DSUs that exceed the compensation cost recognized (excess tax benefits) are classified as financing cash flows.
Revenue recognition
Pulp, paper and wood products are delivered to our customers in the United States and Canada directly from our mills by either truck or rail. Pulp and paper products delivered to our international customers by ship are sold with international shipping terms. Revenue is recorded when risk of loss and title of the product passes to the customer. For sales with the terms free on board (“FOB”) shipping point, revenue is recorded when the product leaves the mill, whereas for sales transactions FOB

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


destination, revenue is recorded when the product is delivered to the customer’s delivery site, when the title and risk of loss are transferred. Sales are reported net of allowances and rebates, and the following criteria must be met before they are recognized: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred and we have no remaining obligations, prices are fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. Sales of our other products (green power produced from renewable sources, recovered paper, wood chips and other wood related products) are recognized when the products are delivered and are included in “Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Net (loss) income per share
We calculate basic net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders by dividing our net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of outstanding common shares. We calculate diluted net income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders by dividing our net income by the weighted-average number of outstanding common shares, as adjusted for the incremental shares attributable to the dilutive effects of potentially dilutive securities (such as stock options, RSUs and DSUs). The incremental shares are calculated using the treasury stock method (stock options, RSUs and DSUs). To calculate diluted net loss per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders, no adjustments to our basic weighted-average number of outstanding common shares are made, since the impact of potentially dilutive securities (such as stock options, RSUs and DSUs) would be antidilutive.
Translation
The functional currency of the majority of our operations is the U.S. dollar. However, some of these operations maintain their books and records in their local currency in accordance with certain statutory requirements. Non-monetary assets and liabilities of these operations and the related income and expense items such as depreciation and amortization are remeasured into U.S. dollars using historical exchange rates. Remaining assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates as of the balance sheet date. Remaining income and expense items are remeasured into U.S. dollars using an average exchange rate for the period. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions and from remeasurement of the balance sheet are reported as “ Other (expense) income, net ” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.  
The functional currency of all other operations is their local currency. Assets and liabilities of these operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect as of the balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated at average daily or monthly exchange rates for the period. The resulting translation gains or losses are recognized as a component of equity in “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss .”
Distribution costs
Distribution costs represent costs associated with handling finished goods and shipping products to customers. Such costs are included in “Distribution costs” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 3. Acquisition of Fibrek Inc.
On May 2, 2012 , in connection with an offer to purchase all of the issued and outstanding shares of Fibrek Inc. (“Fibrek”), a producer and marketer of virgin and recycled kraft pulp operating three mills, we acquired a controlling interest in Fibrek and began consolidating its results of operations, financial position and cash flows in our consolidated financial statements.
Our acquisition of Fibrek was achieved in stages. In connection with the offer, between April 11, 2012 and April 25, 2012, we acquired approximately 48.8% of the then outstanding Fibrek shares. On May 2, 2012 (the “acquisition date”), we acquired additional shares of Fibrek, after which we owned a controlling interest in Fibrek (approximately 50.1% of the then outstanding Fibrek shares) and Fibrek became a consolidated subsidiary. After May 2, 2012, we acquired additional shares of Fibrek and, as of May 17, 2012, the offer expiry date, we owned approximately 74.6% of the then outstanding Fibrek shares. On July 31, 2012, we completed the second step transaction for the remaining 25.4% of the outstanding Fibrek shares.
As aggregate consideration for all of the Fibrek shares we purchased, we distributed approximately 3.3 million shares of our common stock and Cdn $63 million ( $63 million , based on the exchange rates in effect on each of the dates we acquired the shares of Fibrek) in cash. See Note 16, “Commitments and Contingencies ,” for additional information.
The following summarizes the fair value as of the acquisition date of all of the consideration transferred through May 2, 2012 to acquire our controlling interest in Fibrek:
(In millions)
 
   
Cash
$
36

Common stock issued (1.9 million shares)
 
24

 
$
60

The acquisition-date fair value of our common stock issued as part of the consideration transferred for Fibrek was determined based on the closing market price of our common stock on the acquisition date.
The total purchase price was allocated to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on our estimates of their fair values on the acquisition date.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The following summarizes our allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
(In millions)
 
   
Cash and cash equivalents
$
12

Accounts receivable
 
60

Inventories
 
63

Other current assets
 
2

Current assets acquired
 
137

Fixed assets
 
161

Amortizable intangible assets
 
52

Other assets
 
1

Total assets acquired
$
351

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
$
70

Short-term bank debt
 
36

Current portion of long-term debt
 
2

Current liabilities assumed
 
108

Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
83

Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations
 
39

Other long-term liabilities
 
1

Total liabilities assumed
$
231

Net assets acquired
 
120

 
 
 
Fair value of consideration transferred, including our previously-held interest of $58 million
 
60

Fair value of noncontrolling interest
 
60

 
$
120

The fair value of the consideration transferred plus the fair value of the noncontrolling interest approximated the fair value of the net assets acquired. Therefore, no goodwill or gain was recognized at the acquisition date. The acquisition-date fair value of the noncontrolling interest in Fibrek was determined based on the market price we paid for Fibrek’s common stock on the acquisition date.
Upon acquisition, we identified amortizable intangible assets related to energy contracts, which had a weighted-average amortization period of approximately 23 years . The fair value of the amortizable intangible assets was determined based on the discounted cash flow method.
Subsequent to acquisition date, we acquired the remaining noncontrolling interest in Fibrek, which we accounted for as equity transactions whereby we adjusted the carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest in Fibrek to reflect the change in our ownership interest in Fibrek. As consideration for this additional equity interest in Fibrek, we distributed approximately 1.4 million shares of our common stock and Cdn $27 million ( $27 million , based on the exchange rates in effect on each of the dates we acquired the shares of Fibrek) in cash. Transaction costs of approximately $1 million associated with the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in Fibrek were recorded in “Additional paid-in capital” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012 .
Fibrek’s results of operations have been included in our consolidated financial statements beginning on the acquisition date and are included in the market pulp segment. The amount of Fibrek’s sales and net income included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations were $456 million and $40 million , respectively for the year ended December 31, 2013 . The amount of Fibrek's sales and net loss included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations were $268 million and $9 million , respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2012 .

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The following unaudited pro forma information for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 represents our results of operations as if the acquisition of Fibrek had occurred on January 1, 2011. This pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of the results that would have occurred for the periods presented or that may be expected in the future.  
(Unaudited, in millions except per share data)
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Sales
$
4,669

 
$
5,300

 
Net (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(2
)
 
 
53

 
Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(0.02
)
 
 
0.53

 
Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(0.02
)
 
 
0.53

 
The unaudited pro forma net (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 excludes $19 million and $7 million , respectively, of both our and Fibrek’s transaction costs associated with the acquisition.
Note 4. Amortizable Intangible Assets, Net
Amortizable intangible assets, net as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were comprised of the following:
   
 
2013
2012
(Dollars in millions)
Estimated
Life
(Years)
Gross
Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Gross
Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Water rights
10 – 40
$
19

 
$
2

 
$
17

 
$
19

 
$
1

 
$
18

 
Energy contracts
15 – 25
 
52

 
 
3

 
 
49

 
 
52

 
 
1

 
 
51

 
 
 
$
71

 
$
5

 
$
66

 
$
71

 
$
2

 
$
69

 
In order to operate our hydroelectric generating facility, we draw water from various rivers in Québec. The use of such government-owned waters is governed by water power leases/agreements with the province of Québec, which set out the terms, conditions and fees (as applicable). Terms of these agreements typically range from 10 to 25 years and are generally renewable, under certain conditions. In some cases, the agreements are contingent on the continued operation of the related paper mill and a minimum level of capital spending in the region.
In connection with our acquisition of Fibrek, we identified amortizable intangible assets related to energy contracts. See Note 3, “Acquisition of Fibrek Inc. ,” for additional information.
Amortization expense related to amortizable intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2013 was approximately $3 million and was $1 million for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 , respectively. Amortization expense related to amortizable intangible assets is estimated to be approximately $3 million per year for each of the next five years (excluding any accelerated amortization charges that may be required, as discussed above).

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 5. Closure Costs, Impairment and Other Related Charges
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges for the year ended December 31, 2013 , were comprised of the following:
(In millions)
Impairment of Assets (1)
Accelerated Depreciation
Pension Plan Curtailment Losses
Severance and Other Costs
Total     
Indefinite idlings and extended market-related outage:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paper machine in Calhoun, Tennessee (2)
$

 
$
44

 
$

 
$
6

 
$
50

 
Kraft mill and paper machines in Fort Frances, Ontario
 

 
 

 
 
2

 
 
15

 
 
17

 
Permanent closure:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paper machine in Iroquois Falls, Ontario (3)
 

 
 
2

 
 

 
 
1

 
 
3

 
Restructuring initiative:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Baie-Comeau, Québec paper mill
 

 
 

 
 
1

 
 
1

 
 
2

 
Other
 
11

 
 
4

 
 

 
 
2

 
 
17

 
 
$
11

 
 
50

 
$
3

 
$
25

 
$
89

 
(1)
Due to declining market conditions, we recorded long-lived assets impairment charges related to our recycling assets to reduce the carrying value of the assets to their estimated fair value, which was determined based on estimated market prices for similar assets.
(2)  
Following our acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in Calhoun Newsprint Company (“CNC”), we indefinitely idled a paper machine at the Calhoun mill on March 12, 2013, resulting in accelerated depreciation charges to reduce the carrying value of the assets to reflect their revised estimated remaining useful lives. In 2014, we began to use the machine on an intermittent basis. For additional information regarding our acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in CNC, see Note 7, “Other (Expense) Income, Net .”
(3)  
In October 24, 2013, we announced the permanent closure of a paper machine in Iroquois Falls. The closure is expected to take effect within 6 months of the announcement date.

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Closure costs, impairment and other related charges for the year ended December 31, 2012 , were comprised of the following:
(In millions)
Impairment of Assets
Accelerated Depreciation
Pension and OPEB Plan Curtailment and Settlement Losses
Severance and Other Costs
Total     
Indefinite idlings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mersey operations, Nova Scotia (1)
$
72

 
$

 
$
8

 
$
15

 
$
95

 
Kraft mill and paper machine in Fort Frances (2)
 
36

 
 
2

 
 
1

 
 
6

 
 
45

 
Paper machine in Catawba, South Carolina (2)
 
1

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
1

 
Permanent closure:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paper machine in Laurentide, Québec
 

 
 
18

 
 

 
 
4

 
 
22

 
Restructuring initiatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Catawba paper mill
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
4

 
 
4

 
Baie-Comeau, paper mill
 

 
 

 
 
3

 
 
1

 
 
4

 
Lump-sum payments to vested terminated employees (Note 14)
 

 
 

 
 
7

 
 

 
 
7

 
Other (2)
 
2

 
 
1

 
 
2

 
 
2

 
 
7

 
 
$
111

 
$
21

 
$
21

 
$
32

 
$
185

 
(1)
We recorded long-lived asset impairment charges (including a $7 million write-down of an asset retirement obligation for environmental liabilities) related to the indefinite idling and subsequent sale of our interest in our Mersey operations, to reduce the carrying value of our net assets to fair value less costs to sell.
(2)
We recorded long-lived assets impairment charges to reduce the carrying value of the assets to their estimated fair value, which was determined based on the assets’ estimated salvage values.
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges for the year ended December 31, 2011 , were comprised of the following:
(In millions)
Impairment of Assets (1)
Accelerated Depreciation
Pension and OPEB Plan Curtailment Losses
Severance and Other Costs
Total     
Permanent closures:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paperboard production in Coosa Pines, Alabama
$
7

 
$
1

 
$
3

 
$
3

 
$
14

 
Paper machine in Kénogami, Québec
 

 
 
3

 
 
2

 
 
5

 
 
10

 
Paper machine in Baie-Comeau
 

 
 
2

 
 

 
 

 
 
2

 
Restructuring initiatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mokpo, South Korea paper mill
 
6

 
 

 
 

 
 
3

 
 
9

 
Mersey operations
 

 
 

 
 
3

 
 
3

 
 
6

 
Calhoun
 
3

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
3

 
Other
 

 
 
2

 
 

 
 

 
 
2

 
 
$
16

 
$
8

 
$
8

 
$
14

 
$
46

 
(1)  
We recorded long-lived assets impairment charges to reduce the carrying value of the assets to their estimated fair value, which was determined based on the assets’ estimated sale or salvage values.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 6. Net Gain on Disposition of Assets
During 2013 , we sold a parcel of land in Fort Frances and various other assets for total consideration of $2 million , resulting in a net gain on disposition of assets of approximately $2 million .
During 2012 , we sold two parcels of land in Gatineau, Québec, our Petit Saguenay, Québec sawmill, our recycling division’s assets located in Phoenix, Arizona, a portion of our Mersey timberlands and subsequently our interest in our Mersey operations and various other assets for total consideration of $55 million , resulting in a net gain on disposition of assets of $35 million .
During 2011 , we sold our investment in ACH Limited Partnership (“ACH”), our Alabama River, Alabama paper mill, our Kenora, Ontario paper mill and various other assets for cash proceeds of $315 million , resulting in a net gain on disposition of assets of $3 million .
Note 7. Other (Expense) Income, Net
Other (expense) income, net for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was comprised of the following:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Foreign exchange (loss) gain
$
(24
)
 
$
17

 
$
(21
)
 
Net (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt (Note 13)
 
(59
)
 
 
2

 
 
6

 
Post-emergence costs (1)
 
(1
)
 
 
(11
)
 
 
(47
)
 
Gain on forgiveness of note payable (2)
 
12

 
 

 
 

 
Gain on liquidation settlement (3)
 
12

 
 

 
 

 
Income from equity method investments
 
3

 
 
5

 
 
2

 
Interest income
 
1

 
 
5

 
 
3

 
Miscellaneous (expense) income
 
(6
)
 
 
4

 
 
9

 
 
$
(62
)
 
$
22

 
$
(48
)
 
(1)  
Primarily represents legal and other professional fees for the resolution and settlement of disputed creditor claims, as well as costs for other post-emergence activities associated with the Creditor Protection Proceedings.
(2)  
On March 11, 2013, we acquired the noncontrolling interest in CNC, which was previously owned 51% by us and included in our consolidated financial statements on a fully consolidated basis. As a result, CNC became a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours. In connection with this transaction, we recognized a gain on the forgiveness of a $12 million note issued by CNC. The acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in CNC was accounted for as an equity transaction.
(3)  
On February 2, 2010, Bridgewater Paper Company Limited (“BPCL”), a subsidiary of ours, filed for administration in the United Kingdom pursuant to the United Kingdom Insolvency Act 1986, as amended. As a result, we became a creditor of BPCL and lost control over their operations. In connection with our claims, we received a liquidation settlement of $12 million during 2013 .

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 8. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The change in our accumulated other comprehensive loss by component (net of tax) for the year ended December 31, 2013 was as follows:
(In millions)
Unamortized Prior Service Credits (1)(3)
Unamortized Actuarial Losses (1)(2)(4)(5)
Foreign Currency Translation
Total     
Balance as of December 31, 2012
$
21

 
$
(640
)
 
$
5

 
$
(614
)
 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 
1

 
 
328

 
 
(4
)
 
 
325

 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss (6)
 
(4
)
 
 
22

 
 

 
 
18

 
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income
 
(3
)
 
 
350

 
 
(4
)
 
 
343

 
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$
18

 
$
(290
)
 
$
1

 
$
(271
)
 
(1)
In 2013, following the introduction of the health insurance exchange system, we approved an amendment to our U.S. OPEB plan, whereby salaried post-65 retirees will be provided Medicare coverage via a Medicare Exchange program, effective January 1, 2014. As a result of this plan amendment, “Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations” and “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013 , were decreased by $57 million and $35 million (net of tax of $22 million ), respectively, and consisted of $13 million (net of tax of $8 million ) of unamortized prior service credits and $22 million (net of tax of $14 million ) of unamortized actuarial losses.
(2)
In 2013, we announced a workforce reduction at our Baie-Comeau paper mill, which will result in the elimination of approximately 90 positions. As a result, “Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations” and “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013 were decreased by $8 million and $6 million (net of tax of $2 million ), respectively.
(3)
Following the restart of our previously closed Gatineau paper mill, 119 employees were reinstated to our pension plans in 2013. As a result, “Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations” and “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013 were increased by $18 million and $13 million (net of tax of $5 million ), respectively.
(4)
We recorded certain adjustments associated with our previously reported pension and OPEB obligations in 2013. As a result, “Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations” and “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013 were decreased by $27 million and $17 million (net of tax of $10 million ), respectively.
(5)  
On January 14, 2014, we announced an extended period of market-related outage at a paper mill in Fort Frances, which, if the mill remains idled, would result in the elimination of approximately 150 positions. As a result, “Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations” and “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013 was decreased by $27 million and $20 million (net of tax of $7 million ), respectively.
(6)
See the table below for details about these reclassifications.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2013 were comprised of the following:
(In millions)
Amounts Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Affected Line in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
Unamortized Prior Service Credits
 
 
 
 
Amortization and curtailments of prior service credits
$
(3
)
 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs (1)
 
 
(3
)
 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges (1)
 
 
2

 
Income tax (provision) benefit
 
$
(4
)
 
Net of tax
Unamortized Actuarial Losses
 
 
 
 
Amortization and curtailments of actuarial losses
$
23

 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs (1)
 
 
7

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges (1)
 
 
(8
)
 
Income tax (provision) benefit
 
$
22

 
Net of tax
Total Reclassifications
$
18

 
Net of tax
(1)
These items are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost related to our pension and OPEB plans summarized in Note 14, “Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans .”
Note 9. Net (Loss) Income Per Share
The weighted-average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was as follows:
(In millions)
2013

2012

2011

Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
94.7

97.4

97.1

Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
94.7

97.5

97.1

No adjustments to net (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders were necessary to calculate basic and diluted net (loss) income per share for all periods presented.
The weighted-average number of option shares and equity-classified RSUs and DSUs outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was as follows:
(In millions)
2013 (1)

2012 (2)

2011 (2)

Option shares
2.0

1.5

0.9

RSUs and DSUs
1.0

0.8

0.4

(1)  
These option shares and RSUs and DSUs were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share as the impact would have been antidilutive.
(2)  
The dilutive impact of these option shares and RSUs and DSUs on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding used to calculate diluted net income per share was nominal.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 10. Inventories, Net
Inventories, net as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were comprised of the following:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
Raw materials and work in process
$
153

 
$
181

 
Finished goods
 
195

 
 
201

 
Mill stores and other supplies
 
181

 
 
176

 
 
$
529

 
$
558

 
In 2013 , we recorded charges for write-downs of mill stores and other supplies of $11 million primarily related to the indefinite idling of a paper machine in Calhoun and an extended period of market-related outage for a paper machine in Fort Frances. In 2012 , we recorded charges of $12 million for write-downs of mill stores and other supplies as a result of the indefinite idling of our Mersey newsprint mill, the permanent closure of a paper machine at our Laurentide paper mill and the indefinite idling of the kraft mill and a paper machine at our Fort Frances pulp and paper mill. These charges were included in “Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Note 11. Fixed Assets, Net
Fixed assets, net as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were comprised of the following:
(Dollars in millions)
Range of Estimated Useful Lives in Years
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
Land and land improvements
1 – 10
$
89

 
$
88

 
Buildings
7 – 40
 
291

 
 
289

 
Machinery and equipment
3 – 40
 
2,239

 
 
2,090

 
Hydroelectric power plants
10 – 40
 
286

 
 
283

 
Timberlands and timberlands improvements
4 – 20
 
83

 
 
70

 
Construction in progress
 
 
61

 
 
91

 
 
 
 
3,049

 
 
2,911

 
Less: Accumulated depreciation
 
 
(760
)
 
 
(471
)
 
 
 
$
2,289

 
$
2,440

 

Note 12. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were comprised of the following:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
Trade accounts payable
$
361

 
$
368

 
Payroll, bonuses and severance payable
 
97

 
 
109

 
Accrued interest
 
5

 
 
12

 
Pension and OPEB obligations
 
24

 
 
30

 
Income and other taxes payable
 
6

 
 
8

 
Claims payable
 

 
 
4

 
Other
 
40

 
 
50

 
 
$
533

 
$
581

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 13. Long-Term Debt
Overview
Long-term debt, including current portion, as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , was comprised of the following:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
5.875% senior notes due 2023:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal amount
$
600

 
$

 
Unamortized discount
 
(5
)
 
 

 
Total senior notes due 2023
 
595

 
 

 
10.25% senior secured notes due 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal amount
 

 
 
501

 
Unamortized premium
 

 
 
27

 
Total senior secured notes due 2018
 

 
 
528

 
Other debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
PSIF – Investissement Québec loan
 
1

 
 
3

 
Capital lease obligation
 
3

 
 
3

 
Total other debt
 
4

 
 
6

 
Total debt
 
599

 
 
534

 
Less: Current portion of long-term debt
 
(2
)
 
 
(2
)
 
Long-term debt, net of current portion
$
597

 
$
532

 
Senior notes
2023 Notes
On May 8, 2013, we issued $600 million aggregate principal amount of 5.875% senior notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”) pursuant to an indenture as of that date (the “indenture”). Upon their issuance, the 2023 Notes were recorded at their fair value of $594 million , which reflected a discount of $6 million that is being amortized to interest expense using the interest method over the term of the notes, resulting in an effective interest rate of 6.0% . Interest on the notes is payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, beginning November 15, 2013, until their maturity date of May 15, 2023 .
The notes are guaranteed by all of our existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned U.S. subsidiaries (the “guarantors”) that guarantee the ABL Credit Facility (as defined and discussed below). The notes are unsecured and effectively junior to indebtedness under the ABL Credit Facility to the extent of the value of the collateral that secures the ABL Credit Facility and to future secured indebtedness. In addition, the notes are structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee the notes.
The terms of the indenture impose certain restrictions, subject to a number of exceptions and qualifications, including limits on our ability to: incur, assume or guarantee additional indebtedness; issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; pay dividends or make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock; prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt; make loans and investments; incur liens; issue dividends, make loans or transfer assets from our subsidiaries; sell or otherwise dispose of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries; consolidate or merge with or into, or sell substantially all of our assets to, another person; enter into transactions with affiliates; and enter into new lines of business.  
At any time prior to May 15, 2017, we may redeem some or all of the notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest and a “make-whole” premium. We may redeem up to 35% of the notes before May 15, 2016 using proceeds from certain equity offerings at a price of 105.875% of the principal amount. In the event of a change of control, each holder will have the right to require us to repurchase all or any part of that holder’s notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest. If we sell certain of our assets and do not use the proceeds to pay down certain indebtedness, purchase additional assets or make capital expenditures, each as specified in the indenture, we must offer to purchase the notes at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest with the net cash proceeds from the asset sale.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


On or after May 15, 2017, the 2023 Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at redemption prices equal to a percentage of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, as follows:
Year (beginning May 15)
Redemption Price
2017
104.406%
2018
102.938%
2019
101.469%
2020 and thereafter
100.000%
In connection with the offering of the 2023 Notes, we and the guarantors entered into a registration rights agreement, dated as of May 8, 2013 , with the initial purchasers of the 2023 Notes. Under the terms of the registration rights agreement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to file with the SEC and cause to become effective a registration statement relating to an offer (which we refer to as the “exchange offer”) to: (i) exchange the 2023 Notes for registered notes (which we refer to as the “exchange notes”), with substantially the same terms as the 2023 Notes; and (ii) exchange the guarantees related to the 2023 Notes for registered guarantees relating to the exchange notes, with substantially the same terms as the original guarantees. We have agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause the exchange offer to be completed within 400 days after the issuance of the 2023 Notes. In addition, we have agreed to file (and seek effectiveness of) a shelf registration statement, in certain circumstances, that would allow certain holders to offer some or all of the 2023 Notes to the public.
If the exchange offer is not so completed, or if the shelf registration statement is not effective in the required circumstances, the annual interest rate on the 2023 Notes will increase by 0.25% per annum for the first 90 -day period following the event triggering the increase. The interest rate on the 2023 Notes will increase by 0.25% per annum at the beginning of each subsequent 90 -day period, up to a maximum of 1.0% additional interest per annum, until the exchange offer is completed or the shelf registration statement is filed, as applicable.
The fair value of the 2023 Notes was $554 million as of December 31, 2013 and was determined by reference to over-the-counter prices (Level 2).
In connection with the issuance of the notes, we incurred fees of approximately $9 million , which were recorded as deferred financing costs in “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2013 , and are being amortized to interest expense using the interest method over the term of the notes.
2018 Notes
In connection with our emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings in 2010, we issued $850 million in aggregate principal amount of 10.25% senior secured notes, with a maturity date of October 15, 2018 (the “2018 Notes”). On June 13, 2011, in accordance with the terms of the 2018 Notes indenture, we applied the first $100 million of net proceeds from our May 27, 2011 sale of our investment in ACH Limited Partnership to redeem $94 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes at a redemption price of 105% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Additionally, on each of June 29, 2011, November 4, 2011 and October 10, 2012, we redeemed $85 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes at a redemption price of 103% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
On May 8, 2013, we used the proceeds of the sale of the 2023 Notes to purchase $496 million aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes, or 99% of the outstanding amount, in connection with the tender offer and consent solicitation that expired on May 21, 2013. Aggregate consideration for the purchase was $584 million , including accrued and unpaid interest of $4 million , and in connection therewith, we entered into a supplemental indenture to implement certain changes to the 2018 Notes indenture and to release the collateral securing the 2018 Notes. We then redeemed the remaining $5 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes on October 8, 2013, at a redemption price of 103% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
As a result of these redemptions, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $59 million (net of $25 million write-down of unamortized premium) for the year ended December 31, 2013 as well as net gains on extinguishment of debt of $2 million and $6 million during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 , respectively, which were included in “ Other (expense) income, net ” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
ABL Credit Facility
In 2010, we and three of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Resolute FP US Inc., and Abibow Recycling LLC (collectively, the “U.S. Borrowers”) and Resolute FP Canada Inc. (the “Canadian Borrower” and, together with the U.S. Borrowers, the “Borrowers”), entered into a senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “ABL Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


lenders. The proceeds of the ABL Credit Facility can be used by us for, among other things, working capital, capital expenditures, permitted acquisitions and other general corporate purposes.
On April 29, 2013, we entered into an Incremental Commitment Agreement with respect to the credit agreement that governs the ABL Credit Facility, increasing the aggregate amount of the ABL Credit Facility from $600 million to $665 million . The ABL Credit Facility, as so increased, matures on October 28, 2016 and provides for an asset-based, revolving credit facility with an aggregate lender commitment of up to $665 million at any time outstanding, subject to borrowing base availability, including a $60 million swingline sub-facility and a $200 million letter of credit sub-facility. The ABL Credit Facility includes a $465 million tranche available to the Borrowers and a $200 million tranche available solely to the U.S. Borrowers, in each case subject to the borrowing base availability of those Borrowers. The ABL Credit Facility also provides for an uncommitted incremental loan facility of up to $135 million , subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in the ABL Credit Facility.

Revolving loan (and letter of credit) availability under the ABL Credit Facility is subject to borrowing base availability, which at any time is equal to, for the Borrowers, the sum of: (i)  85% of eligible accounts receivable plus (ii) the lesser of 65% of eligible inventory or 85% of the net orderly liquidation value of eligible inventory, minus certain reserves.
The obligations of the U.S. Borrowers under the ABL Credit Facility are guaranteed by each of the other U.S. Borrowers and certain of our material U.S. subsidiaries (the “U.S. Guarantors”), and secured by first priority liens on and security interests in substantially all of the assets of the U.S. Borrowers and the U.S. Guarantors and by first priority liens on the capital stock of the subsidiaries (limited to 65% of the capital stock in first tier foreign subsidiaries) now owned or acquired in the future by Resolute Forest Products Inc. and the U.S. Guarantors. The obligations of the Canadian Borrower under the ABL Credit Facility are guaranteed by each of the other Borrowers, the U.S. Guarantors and certain of our material Canadian subsidiaries (the “Canadian Guarantors” and, together with the U.S. Guarantors, the “Guarantors”), and are secured by first priority liens on and security interests in accounts receivable, inventory and related assets of the Canadian Borrower and the Canadian Guarantors and by first priority liens on and security interests in substantially all of the assets of the U.S. Borrowers and the U.S. Guarantors.
Borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to, at the Borrower’s option, the base rate, the Canadian prime rate or the Eurodollar rate, in each case plus an applicable margin. The base rate under the ABL Credit Facility equals the greater of: (i) a specified base rate, (ii) the Federal Funds rate plus 0.5% , (iii) a specified rate for certificates of deposit having a term of three months plus 0.5% or (iv) the Eurodollar rate for a one month interest period plus 1.0% . The interest rate margin applicable to borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility, as amended, is 1.75% 2.25%  per annum with respect to Eurodollar rate and bankers’ acceptance rate borrowings and 0.75% 1.25%  per annum with respect to base rate and Canadian prime rate borrowings, in each case depending on historic excess availability under the ABL Credit Facility. The applicable margin is subject, in each case, to monthly pricing adjustments based on the average monthly historic excess availability under the ABL Credit Facility.
In addition to paying interest on the outstanding borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility, the Borrowers are required to pay a fee in respect of unutilized commitments. The unutilized commitment fee payable by the Borrowers under the ABL Credit Facility, as amended, is 0.375% 0.50%  per annum, subject to monthly pricing adjustments based on the unutilized commitment of the ABL Credit Facility. The Borrowers must also pay a fee on outstanding letters of credit under the ABL Credit Facility at a rate equal to the applicable margin in respect of Eurodollar borrowings, plus a facing fee as agreed to in writing from time to time, and certain administrative fees.
The Borrowers are able to voluntarily repay outstanding loans and reduce unused commitments, in each case, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty. The Borrowers are required to repay outstanding loans anytime the outstanding loans exceed the maximum availability then in effect. The Borrowers are also required to use net proceeds from certain significant asset sales to repay outstanding loans, but may re-borrow following such prepayments if the conditions to borrowings are met.
The ABL Credit Facility contains customary covenants for asset-based credit agreements of this type, including, among other things: (i) requirements to deliver financial statements, other reports and notices; (ii) restrictions on the existence or incurrence and repayment of indebtedness; (iii) restrictions on the existence or incurrence of liens; (iv) restrictions on making certain restricted payments; (v) restrictions on making certain investments; (vi) restrictions on certain mergers, consolidations and asset dispositions; (vii) restrictions on transactions with affiliates; (viii) restrictions on amendments or modifications to the Canadian pension and benefit plans and (ix) restrictions on modifications to material indebtedness. Additionally, a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0 :1.0 is required if at any time excess availability falls below the greater of: (i)  $60 million and (ii)  12.5% of the lesser of (A) the total commitments and (B) the borrowing base then in effect. Subject to customary grace periods and notice requirements, the ABL Credit Facility also contains customary events of default.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


On February 25, 2014, the ABL Credit Facility was amended. For additional information see Note 23, “Subsequent Events .”
As of December 31, 2013 , the Borrowers had no borrowings and $39 million of letters of credit outstanding under the ABL Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2013 , we had $561 million of availability under the ABL Credit Facility, which was comprised of $345 million for the U.S. Borrowers and $216 million for the Canadian Borrower.
The carrying value of assets pledged as collateral for our total debt obligations was approximately $3.1 billion as of December 31, 2013 .
Other debt
We assumed Fibrek’s outstanding indebtedness on the acquisition date. As of December 31, 2012, Fibrek’s term loan and credit facility, totaling $112 million of principal, were repaid in full, plus accrued and unpaid interest, and the related agreements were cancelled and terminated.
PSIF – Investissement Québec
On February 23, 2007, Investissement Québec granted Fibrek a Cdn $6 million interest-free loan through the Soutien à l’industrie forestière program (“PSIF”), payable in monthly installments over a maximum of 4 years , starting December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2013 , the fair value of the loan approximated its carrying value of $1 million . The fair value was determined by discounting the cash flows using a current interest rate ( 4.4% ) for financial instruments with similar characteristics and maturities (Level 3).
Capital lease obligation
We have a capital lease obligation for a warehouse, which can be renewed for 20 years at our option. Minimal payments are determined by an escalatory price clause.
Note 14. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
We have multiple contributory and non-contributory defined benefit pension plans covering a significant portion of our U.S. and Canadian employees. We also sponsor a number of OPEB plans (e.g., defined benefit health care and life insurance plans) for retirees at certain locations. Benefits are based on years of service and, depending on the plan, average compensation earned by employees either during their last years of employment or over their careers. Our plan assets and cash contributions to the plans have been sufficient to provide pension benefits to participants and meet the funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 in the United States as well as applicable legislation in Canada. In particular, the cash contributions required for our material registered Canadian pension plans are specified in the funding relief regulations with regards to the solvency deficits in the affected plans, as further discussed below under “Canadian pension funding.”
In addition to the previously described plans, we have a number of defined contribution plans covering substantially all of our U.S. employees and a significant portion of our Canadian employees. Under the U.S. defined contribution plans, employees are allowed to contribute to these plans and we make matching contributions. In addition, under the U.S. defined contribution plans, most non-union employees also receive an automatic company contribution, regardless of the employee’s contribution. The amount of the automatic company contribution is a percentage of the employee’s pay, determined based on age and years of service. The Canadian registered defined contribution plans provide for mandatory contributions by employees and by us, as well as opportunities for employees to make additional optional contributions and receive, in some cases, matching contributions on those optional amounts. Our expense for the defined contribution plans totaled $22 million in 2013 , $21 million in 2012 and $22 million in 2011 .
Certain of the above plans are covered under collective bargaining agreements.
The following tables include both our foreign (Canada and South Korea) and domestic (U.S.) plans. The assumptions used to measure the obligations of each of our foreign and domestic plans are not significantly different from each other, with the exception of the health care trend rates, which are presented below, and the mortality rates revised in 2013 for our Canadian plans to reflect the increase in life expectancy based on the findings of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The changes in our pension and OPEB obligations and plan assets for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and the funded status and reconciliation of amounts recognized in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:
 
Pension Plans         
 
OPEB Plans         
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
 
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
Change in benefit obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligations as of beginning of year
$
6,724

 
$
6,411

 
 
$
424

 
$
404

 
Service cost
 
33

 
 
36

 
 
 
3

 
 
3

 
Interest cost
 
274

 
 
312

 
 
 
16

 
 
20

 
Actuarial (gain) loss
 
(208
)
 
 
488

 
 
 
(79
)
 
 
13

 
Participant contributions
 
18

 
 
15

 
 
 
5

 
 
5

 
Plan amendments
 
18

 
 
(30
)
 
 
 
(21
)
 
 

 
Curtailments and settlements
 
1

 
 
(51
)
 
 
 

 
 

 
Acquisition
 

 
 
133

 
 
 

 
 
3

 
Divestiture
 

 
 
(239
)
 
 
 

 
 
(4
)
 
Benefits paid
 
(489
)
 
 
(506
)
 
 
 
(27
)
 
 
(25
)
 
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes
 
(367
)
 
 
155

 
 
 
(11
)
 
 
5

 
Benefit obligations as of end of year
 
6,004

 
 
6,724

 
 
 
310

 
 
424

 
Change in plan assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets as of beginning of year
 
5,175

 
 
5,259

 
 
 

 
 

 
Actual return on plan assets
 
472

 
 
348

 
 
 

 
 

 
Employer contributions
 
133

 
 
103

 
 
 
22

 
 
20

 
Participant contributions
 
18

 
 
15

 
 
 
5

 
 
5

 
Settlements
 
(6
)
 
 
(62
)
 
 
 

 
 

 
Acquisition
 

 
 
97

 
 
 

 
 

 
Divestiture
 

 
 
(209
)
 
 
 

 
 

 
Benefits paid
 
(489
)
 
 
(506
)
 
 
 
(27
)
 
 
(25
)
 
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes
 
(290
)
 
 
130

 
 
 

 
 

 
Fair value of plan assets as of end of year
 
5,013

 
 
5,175

 
 
 

 
 

 
Funded status as of end of year
$
(991
)
 
$
(1,549
)
 
 
$
(310
)
 
$
(424
)
 
Amounts recognized in our Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other assets
$
17

 
$
3

 
 
$

 
$

 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 
(3
)
 
 
(4
)
 
 
 
(21
)
 
 
(26
)
 
Pension and OPEB obligations
 
(1,005
)
 
 
(1,548
)
 
 
 
(289
)
 
 
(398
)
 
Net obligations recognized
$
(991
)
 
$
(1,549
)
 
 
$
(310
)
 
$
(424
)
 
The total benefit obligations and the total fair value of plan assets for pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were $5,079 million and $4,071 million , respectively, as of December 31, 2013 , and were $6,630 million and $5,078 million , respectively, as of December 31, 2012 . The total accumulated benefit obligations and the total fair value of plan assets for pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were $5,014 million and $4,071 million , respectively, as of December 31, 2013 , and were $6,546 million and $5,078 million , respectively, as of December 31, 2012 . The total accumulated benefit obligations for all pension plans were $5,931 million and $6,639 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , respectively.
In 2013, following the introduction of the health insurance exchange system, we approved an amendment to our U.S. OPEB plan, whereby salaried post-65 retirees will be provided Medicare coverage via a Medicare Exchange program, effective

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


January 1, 2014. This plan amendment resulted in a prior service credit of $21 million and an actuarial gain of $36 million . Also, following the restart of our previously closed Gatineau paper mill, 119 employees were reinstated to our pension plans in 2013, which resulted in a prior service cost of $18 million . For additional information on these plan amendments, see Note 8, “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss .”
In 2012, following the renewal of the 2009 collective agreements in our Canadian pulp and paper mills, we cancelled 2011 and 2013 ad hoc indexations as part of the emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings. This plan amendment resulted in a prior service credit of $30 million .
These changes were recorded in “Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The prior service (credits) cost and the actuarial gain are amortized to “Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs” in our consolidated statements of operations, over the expected average remaining service lifetime of the respective plans.
The components of net periodic benefit cost relating to our pension and OPEB plans for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
   
Pension Plans
 
OPEB Plans
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
 
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Service cost
$
33

 
$
36

 
$
35

 
 
$
3

 
$
3

 
$
3

 
Interest cost
 
274

 
 
312

 
 
335

 
 
 
16

 
 
20

 
 
22

 
Expected return on plan assets
 
(308
)
 
 
(340
)
 
 
(351
)
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Amortization of prior service (credits) costs
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 
2

 
 
 
(1
)
 
 

 
 

 
Amortization of actuarial losses (gains)
 
25

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 

 
Net periodic benefit cost before special events
 
22

 
 
8

 
 
21

 
 
 
16

 
 
23

 
 
25

 
Curtailments and settlements
 
3

 
 
21

 
 
5

 
 
 

 
 

 
 
3

 
 
$
25

 
$
29

 
$
26

 
 
$
16

 
$
23

 
$
28

 
A detail of amounts included in “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets can be found in Note 8, “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss .” We estimate that $4 million of prior service credits, net of actuarial losses , will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into our Consolidated Statements of Operations in 2014 .
The following is a summary of the special events that impacted our net periodic benefit costs as a curtailment or settlement for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 :  
   
Pension Plans
 
OPEB Plans
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
 
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Settlements resulting from lump-sum payouts or plan liquidations and wind-ups
$

 
$
10

 
$
3

 
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Curtailments and settlements resulting from the closure of mills or paper machines and other mill restructurings
 
3

 
 
11

 
 
2

 
 
 

 
 

 
 
3

 
 
$
3

 
$
21

 
$
5

 
 
$

 
$

 
$
3

 
On January 14, 2014, we announced an extended period of market-related outage at a paper mill in Fort Frances, which, if the mill remains idled, would result in the elimination of approximately 150 positions. In 2013 , we announced a workforce reduction at our Baie-Comeau paper mill, which will result in the elimination of approximately 90 positions. The cost of these curtailments were included in “Closure costs, impairment, and other related charges” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 .
In 2012 , we recorded charges for curtailments and settlements primarily related to the indefinite idling of part of our Mersey operations (eliminating 176 positions), a workforce reduction at our Baie-Comeau paper mill (eliminating 90 positions) and the lump-sum payments for the vested terminated employees in certain of our U.S. pension plans. The cost of these curtailments and settlements was included in “Closure costs, impairment and other related charges” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2012 .

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


In 2011 , we ceased paperboard production at our Coosa Pines paper mill (eliminating 137 positions), reduced the workforce at our Mersey operations (eliminating 97 positions), permanently closed a paper machine at our Kénogami paper mill (eliminating 130 positions) and liquidated, either partially or fully, two of our pension plans. The cost of these curtailments was included in “Closure costs, impairment and other related charges” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 .
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations and net periodic benefit cost
The weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations at the measurement dates and the net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
   
Pension Plans
 
OPEB Plans
   
2013

 
2012

 
2011

 
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Benefit obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
4.9
%
 
4.3
%
 
4.9
%
 
5.0
%
 
4.2
%
 
4.9
%
Rate of compensation increase
2.5
%
 
2.5
%
 
1.2
%
 

 

 

Net periodic benefit cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
4.3
%
 
4.9
%
 
5.5
%
 
4.2
%
 
4.9
%
 
5.6
%
Expected return on assets
6.3
%
 
6.5
%
 
6.6
%
 

 

 

Rate of compensation increase
2.5
%
 
1.2
%
 
0.9
%
 

 

 

The discount rate for our domestic and foreign plans was determined with a model that develops a hypothetical high-quality bond portfolio, where the bonds are theoretically purchased to settle the expected benefit payments of the plans. The discount rate reflects the single rate that produces the same discounted values as the value of the theoretical bond portfolio. In determining the expected return on assets, we considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of the pension portfolio. In determining the rate of compensation increase, we reviewed historical salary increases and promotions, while considering current industry conditions, the terms of collective bargaining agreements with our employees and the outlook for our industry. For the mortality rate of our domestic plans , we used recently-issued actuarially-determined mortality tables that were consistent with our historical mortality experience and future expectations for mortality of the employees who participate in our domestic pension and OPEB plans. The mortality rate for our foreign plans was established using the recently-issued actuarially-determined mortality table reflecting a longer life expectancy, combined with the result of our historical mortality experience study that were consistent with our future expectations for mortality of the employees who participate in our foreign pension and OPEB plans.
The assumed health care cost trend rates used to determine the benefit obligations for our domestic and foreign OPEB plans as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:  
   
2013
 
2012
   
Domestic Plans
Foreign Plans
 
Domestic Plans
Foreign Plans
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
7.5
%
 
4.4
%
 
 
7.0
%
 
4.4
%
 
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (ultimate trend rate)
4.5
%
 
3.8
%
 
 
4.5
%
 
2.9
%
 
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate
2028

 
2033

 
 
2028

 
2031

 
For the health care cost trend rates, we considered historical trends for these costs, actual experience of the plans, recently enacted health care legislation as well as future expectations.
Variations in this health care cost trend rate can have a significant effect on the amounts reported. A 1% change in this assumption would have had the following impact on our 2013 OPEB obligation and costs for our domestic and foreign plans:  
   
1% Increase
 
1% Decrease
(Dollars in millions)
Domestic Plans
Foreign Plans
 
Domestic Plans
Foreign Plans
Benefit obligation
$
23

 
13
%
 
$
6

 
4
%
 
 
$
(18
)
 
(11
)%
 
$
(5
)
 
(4
)%
 
Service and interest costs
$
2

 
23
%
 
$

 
6
%
 
 
$
(2
)
 
(18
)%
 
$

 
(5
)%
 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Fair value of plan assets
The fair value of plan assets held by our pension plans as of December 31, 2013 was as follows:
(In millions)
Total
 
 
Level 1
 
 
Level 2
 
 
Level 3
 
 
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. companies
$
751

 
$
751

 
$

 
$

 
Non-U.S. companies
 
912

 
 
636

 
 
276

 
 

 
Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and government securities
 
2,611

 
 
240

 
 
2,371

 
 

 
Asset-backed securities
 
161

 
 

 
 
161

 
 

 
Bank loans/foreign annuities
 
40

 
 

 
 

 
 
40

 
Real estate
 
48

 
 

 
 

 
 
48

 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
444

 
 
444

 
 

 
 

 
Accrued interest and dividends
 
46

 
 

 
 
46

 
 

 
 
$
5,013

 
$
2,071

 
$
2,854

 
$
88

 
The fair value of plan assets held by our pension plans as of December 31, 2012 was as follows:  
(In millions)
Total
 
 
Level 1
 
 
Level 2
 
 
Level 3
 
 
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. companies
$
642

 
$
632

 
$
10

 
$

 
Non-U.S. companies
 
847

 
 
571

 
 
276

 
 

 
Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and government securities
 
3,019

 
 
242

 
 
2,777

 
 

 
Asset-backed securities
 
139

 
 

 
 
139

 
 

 
Bank loans/foreign annuities
 
41

 
 

 
 

 
 
41

 
Real estate
 
51

 
 

 
 
5

 
 
46

 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
398

 
 
398

 
 

 
 

 
Accrued interest and dividends
 
38

 
 

 
 
38

 
 

 
 
$
5,175

 
$
1,843

 
$
3,245

 
$
87

 
Equity securities include large-cap and mid-cap publicly-traded companies mainly located in the United States, Canada and other developed countries, as well as commingled equity funds invested in the same types of securities. The fair value of the equity securities is determined based on quoted market prices (Level 1) or the net asset values per share that are derived from the accumulated fair values of the equity securities within the commingled funds (Level 2).
Debt securities include corporate bonds of U.S. and Canadian companies from diversified industries, bonds and Treasuries issued by the U.S. government and the Canadian federal and provincial governments, asset-backed securities and commingled fixed income funds invested in these same types of securities. The fair value of the debt securities is determined based on quoted market prices (Level 1), market-corroborated inputs such as matrix prices, yield curves and indices (Level 2), the net asset values per share that are derived from the accumulated fair values of the debt securities within the commingled funds (Level 2) or specialized pricing sources that utilize consensus-based contributed prices and spreads (Level 3). Bank loan investments are primarily located in the U.S. The fair value of bank loans is determined based on the mid-point of the bid and ask price points (Level 3).
Real estate investments are located in Canada. The fair value of the real estate is determined based on an appraisal completed by a national real estate firm. Those appraisers use several valuation concepts, including the cost approach, market approach and income approach (Level 3).
The fair value of accrued interest and dividends is determined based on market-corroborated inputs such as declared dividends and stated interest rates (Level 2).

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The changes in Level 3 pension plan assets for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:
(In millions)
Bank Loans/Foreign
Annuities
Real Estate
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2011
$
44

 
$
39

 
$
83

 
Unrealized gains relating to assets held as of December 31, 2012
 

 
 
7

 
 
7

 
Realized gains
 
1

 
 

 
 
1

 
Purchases
 
54

 
 

 
 
54

 
Sales
 
(57
)
 
 

 
 
(57
)
 
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes
 
(1
)
 
 

 
 
(1
)
 
Balance as of December 31, 2012
 
41

 
 
46

 
 
87

 
Unrealized gains relating to assets held as of December 31, 2013
 
2

 
 
5

 
 
7

 
Purchases
 
40

 
 

 
 
40

 
Sales
 
(41
)
 
 

 
 
(41
)
 
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate changes
 
(2
)
 
 
(3
)
 
 
(5
)
 
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$
40

 
$
48

 
$
88

 
Long-term strategy and objective
Our investment strategy and objective is to maximize the long-term rate of return on our plan assets within an acceptable level of risk in order to meet our current and future obligations to pay benefits to qualifying employees and their beneficiaries while minimizing and stabilizing pension benefit costs and contributions. One way we accomplish this objective is to diversify our plan investments. Diversification of assets is achieved through strategic allocations to various asset classes, as well as various investment styles within these asset classes, and by retaining multiple, experienced third-party investment management firms with complementary investment styles and philosophies to implement these allocations. Risk is further managed by reviewing our investment policies at least annually and monitoring our fund managers at least quarterly for compliance with mandates and performance measures. A series of permitted and prohibited investments are listed in our respective investment policies, which are provided to our fund managers. The use of derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes and investments in the equity or debt securities of Resolute Forest Products and its affiliates are prohibited.
We have established a target asset allocation and an allowable range from such target asset allocation for our plans based upon analysis of risk/return tradeoffs and correlations of asset mixes given long-term historical returns, prospective capital market returns, forecasted benefit payments and the forecasted timing of those payments. The targeted asset allocation of the plan assets is designed to hedge the change in the pension liabilities resulting from fluctuations in the discount rate by investing in debt and other securities, while also generating excess returns required to reduce the unfunded pension deficit by investing in equity securities with higher potential returns. The targeted asset allocation of the plan assets is 50% equity securities, with an allowable range of 30% to 60% , and 50% debt and other securities, with an allowable range of 40% to 70% , including up to 5% in short-term instruments required for near-term liquidity needs. Approximately 60% of the equity securities are targeted to be invested in the U.S. and Canada, with the balance in other developed and emerging countries. Substantially all of the debt securities are targeted to be invested in the U.S. and Canada. The asset allocation for each plan is reviewed periodically and rebalanced toward the targeted asset mix when the fair value of the investments within an asset class falls outside the predetermined range.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Expected benefit payments and future contributions
The following benefit payments are expected to be paid from the plans’ net assets. The OPEB plans’ benefit payments have been reduced by expected Medicare subsidy receipts associated with the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003.  
(In millions)
Pension Plans
OPEB Plans
Expected Subsidy Receipts
2014
$
407

 
$
21

 
$
1

 
2015
 
408

 
 
21

 
 
1

 
2016
 
409

 
 
21

 
 
1

 
2017
 
410

 
 
21

 
 
1

 
2018
 
409

 
 
20

 
 
1

 
2019- 2023
 
2,002

 
 
103

 
 
10

 
We estimate our 2014 contributions (excluding contributions to our defined contribution plans) to be approximately $140 million to our pension plans and approximately $20 million to our OPEB plans.
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
In March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (the “PPACA”) was enacted, potentially impacting our cost to provide healthcare benefits to eligible active and retired employees. The PPACA has both short-term and long-term implications on benefit plan standards. Implementation of this legislation began in 2010 and is expected to continue in phases from 2011 through 2018.
We have analyzed this legislation to determine: (i) the impact of the required plan standard changes on our employee healthcare plans, (ii) the effect of the excise tax on high cost healthcare plans and (iii) the resulting costs. The impact, for those changes that were currently estimable, was not material to our results of operations. In 2013, PPACA also introduced the health insurance exchange system to facilitate the purchase of state health insurance. Individuals may purchase insurance from a set of government standardized plans offering federal subsidies. In light of this new arrangement, we re-evaluated the current postretirement medical offerings and ultimately decided to shift post-Medicare coverage to the exchanges starting in 2014 for the U.S. salaried employees. For additional information, see Note 8, “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss .” In addition, following the five year renewal of the master collective agreement covering four unionized U.S. pulp and paper mills, effective as of February 14, 2014, we will amend our U.S. OPEB plan, whereby unionized post-65 active employees will be provided Medicare coverage via a Medicare Exchange program, effective January 1, 2015. For additional information, see Note 23, “Subsequent Events .”
Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21 st Century Act
In July 2012, the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21 st Century Act (“MAP-21”) was signed into law, offering optional short-term funding relief for domestic pension plan sponsors. The discount-rate stabilization provision in MAP-21 limits the discount rates applicable in determining funding requirements to rates within a specified corridor of a 25 -year average. The corridor was 15% and 10% in 2013 and 2012 respectively, and will widen to 20% in 2014, 25% in 2015 and 30% for the years after 2015. This enactment provides relief in the form of reduced minimum required contributions. We benefited from this funding relief and as a result, our required contributions for our domestic plans in 2013 and 2012 were reduced by $23 million and $9 million , respectively.
Canadian pension funding
Funding relief measures
As a pre-condition to our emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings, we entered into agreements with the provinces of Québec and Ontario to establish parameters concerning the funding of the aggregate solvency deficits in our material Canadian registered pension plans, which we refer to as the “affected plans,” until 2020. These plans represented approximately 75% of our unfunded pension obligations as of December 31, 2013 . In exchange for certain undertakings, the provinces confirmed their intention to adopt regulations specific to us, which we refer to as the “funding relief regulations,” to implement those parameters in respect of the affected plans.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The funding relief regulations provide, among other things, that our aggregate annual contribution in respect of the solvency deficits in the affected plans for each year from 2011 through 2020 are limited to the following: (i) a Cdn $50 million basic contribution; (ii) beginning in 2013, if the plans’ aggregate solvency ratio falls below a specified target for a year, an additional contribution equal to 15% of free cash flow (calculated as per the funding relief regulations) up to Cdn $15 million per year and (iii) beginning in 2016, if the amount payable for benefits in a year exceeds a specified threshold and the plans’ aggregate solvency ratio is more than 2% below the target for that year, a supplementary contribution equal to such excess (such supplementary contribution being capped at Cdn $25 million on the first occurrence only of such an excess). Should a plan move into a surplus during the 2011 – 2020 period, it will cease to be subject to this funding relief. After 2020, the funding rules in place at the time will apply to any remaining deficit.
As adopted in mid-2011, the funding relief regulations also provide that corrective measures would be required if the aggregate solvency ratio in the affected plans fell below a prescribed level under the targets specified by the regulations as of December 31 in any year through 2014. Such measures may include additional funding over five years to attain the target solvency ratio prescribed in the regulations.
In addition, our principal Canadian operating subsidiary has undertaken in those agreements, among other things, for up to five years following the Emergence Date, to:
not pay a dividend at any time when the weighted average solvency ratio of its affected plans is less than 80% ;
abide by the compensation plan detailed in the Plans of Reorganization with respect to salaries, bonuses and severance;
direct at least 60% of the maintenance and value-creation investments earmarked for our Canadian pulp and paper operations to projects in Québec and at least 30% to projects in Ontario;
invest a minimum of Cdn $50 million over a two to three year construction period for a new condensing turbine at our Thunder Bay, Ontario facility, subject to certain conditions;
invest at least Cdn $75 million in strategic projects in Québec over a five -year period;
maintain our head office and the current related functions in Québec;
make an additional solvency deficit reduction contribution to its pension plans of Cdn $75 , payable over four years , for each metric ton of capacity reduced in Québec or Ontario, in the event of downtime of more than six consecutive months or nine cumulative months over a period of 18 months;
create a diversification fund by contributing Cdn $2 million per year for five years for the benefit of the municipalities and workers in our Québec operating regions;
pay an aggregate of Cdn $5 million over five years to be used for such environmental remediation purposes instructed by the province of Ontario; and
maintain and renew certain financial assurances with the province of Ontario in respect of certain properties in the province.
Solvency deficit
The aggregate solvency ratio calculation is based on a number of factors and assumptions, including the accrued benefits to be provided by the plans, interest rate levels, membership data and demographic experience. The assumptions used in the solvency calculation are materially different from the assumptions used to arrive at the pension and OPEB obligations for purposes of our consolidated financial statements.
Under Canadian actuarial rules for solvency determinations, the liabilities are calculated on the assumption that the plans are terminated at the measurement date (each December 31 for the affected plans), and the liabilities are discounted primarily using a specified annuity purchase rate, which is that day’s spot interest rate on government securities in Canada plus a prescribed margin. By contrast, for purposes of our consolidated financial statements, the discount rate is determined with a model that develops a hypothetical high-quality bond portfolio, where the bonds are theoretically purchased to settle the expected benefit payments of the plans.
As of December 31, 2013, a 1% change in discount rates would result in an approximate Cdn $520 million ( $490 million , based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013) change in the solvency deficit.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Corrective measures
As of December 31, 2011 and 2012, the aggregate solvency ratio in the affected plans was below the minimum solvency level prescribed in the regulations. Accordingly, the regulations required that we propose corrective measures designed to attain the target solvency ratio prescribed in the regulations within five years . The difference between the solvency status as of December 31, 2011, and the target specified under the funding relief regulations represented the portion of the solvency deficit that was subject to corrective measures; it amounted to approximately Cdn $500 million as of December 31, 2011 ( $471 million , based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ). The solvency deficit widened by approximately Cdn $130 million as of December 31, 2012 ( $122 million , based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), which then triggered the need for additional corrective measures in respect of that amount.
Because of the rising interest rate environment, strong asset returns and 2013 funding, when we file the actuarial report in respect of the affected plans in the second quarter of this year, we expect that the solvency deficit as of December 31, 2013, will have decreased significantly from the level at December 31, 2012.
In 2013, we reached an agreement in principle with Company stakeholders in Québec and in Ontario to replace the corrective measures mechanism under the funding relief regulations in favor of set incremental contributions beyond the basic funding under the existing framework. We expect that in the coming months, Québec and Ontario will adopt regulations to implement this revised framework.
The revised framework of the funding relief provides, among other things, that our basic contribution is increased from Cdn$50 million to Cdn$80 million for each year from 2013 through 2020, and the additional contribution that began in 2013, based on the free cash flow, is eliminated. Moreover, the additional solvency deficit reduction contribution of Cdn $75 per metric ton would not apply to any capacity reduction before April 2013.
Accordingly, we accelerated Cdn $30 million of contributions to the affected plans in 2013, representing the incremental funding under the regulations had they been adopted in 2013.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 15. Income Taxes
(Loss) income before income taxes by taxing jurisdiction for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was as follows:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
United States
$
(168
)
 
$
(34
)
 
$
29

 
Foreign
 
53

 
 
(38
)
 
 
35

 
 
$
(115
)
 
$
(72
)
 
$
64

 
The income tax (provision) benefit for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was comprised of the following:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
U.S. Federal and State:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$

 
Deferred
 
(504
)
 
 
17

 
 
(23
)
 
 
 
(504
)
 
 
15

 
 
(23
)
 
Foreign:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
 
(1
)
 
 
5

 
 
(4
)
 
Deferred
 
(19
)
 
 
19

 
 
8

 
 
 
(20
)
 
 
24

 
 
4

 
Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
 
(1
)
 
 
3

 
 
(4
)
 
Deferred
 
(523
)
 
 
36

 
 
(15
)
 
 
$
(524
)
 
$
39

 
$
(19
)
 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The income tax (provision) benefit attributable to (loss) income before income taxes differs from the amounts computed by applying the United States federal statutory income tax rate of 35% for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 as a result of the following:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
(Loss) income before income taxes
$
(115
)
 
$
(72
)
 
$
64

 
Income tax (provision) benefit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected income tax benefit (provision)
 
40

 
 
25

 
 
(22
)
 
Changes resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Valuation allowance (1)
 
(572
)
 
 
(24
)
 
 
(15
)
 
Reorganization-related and other tax adjustments (2)
 

 
 
13

 
 
(38
)
 
Adjustment for unrecognized tax benefits (3)
 
2

 
 
5

 
 
63

 
Foreign exchange
 
(4
)
 
 
10

 
 
(9
)
 
Research and development tax incentives
 
2

 
 
8

 
 

 
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
 
3

 
 
1

 
 
(1
)
 
Foreign tax rate differences
 
4

 
 
1

 
 
2

 
Other, net
 
1

 
 

 
 
1

 
 
$
(524
)
 
$
39

 
$
(19
)
 
(1)  
During 2013, we recorded a net increase in the valuation allowance of $572 million , mostly due to a charge of $604 million to establish a full valuation allowance against our net U.S. deferred income tax assets, partly offset by the reversal of $36 million of valuation allowance related to available U.S. capital losses, which are now expected to be utilized in the future as a result of the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in CNC. See “Deferred income taxes” section below for a further discussion of the valuation allowance.
During 2012, the increase in the valuation allowance primarily related to costs associated with the indefinite idling of our Mersey operations prior to the sale, where we did not recognize tax benefits, as well as an increase in the valuation allowance for certain benefits in Canada and the U.S. that were expected to expire unused. Partially offsetting these increases was a release of valuation allowance related to the U.S. Fibrek operations, following an internal reorganization where the U.S. Fibrek group joined our U.S. consolidated group.
During 2011, the increase in the valuation allowance related to certain U.S. State ordinary loss carryforwards, as well as tax benefits for our Mersey operations and our Mokpo paper mill where we did not recognize deferred income tax assets.
(2)  
During 2012 and 2011, we recorded reorganization-related and other tax adjustments, which represented adjustments to our previously-reported tax balance sheet accounts. We did not adjust any prior period reported amounts, as we did not believe that these adjustments were material to our previously-issued financial statements.
(3)  
During 2013, 2012 and 2011, we recorded benefits for previously unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions pursuant to FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” as effectively settled upon completion of certain tax authority examinations.
Deferred income taxes
At each reporting period, we assess whether it is more likely than not that the deferred income tax assets will be realized, based on the review of all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, estimates of future taxable income, past operating results and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The carrying value of our deferred income tax assets reflects our expected ability to generate sufficient future taxable income in certain tax jurisdictions to utilize these deferred income tax benefits.
Following the assessment of the realizability of our U.S. operations deferred income tax assets, we concluded that existing negative evidence outweighed positive evidence and that a full valuation allowance against our net deferred income tax assets was required. A cumulative loss position is considered significant negative evidence in assessing the realizability of deferred income tax assets that is difficult to overcome. As a result of our mill rationalization efforts, executed to improve our cost structure and asset base going forward, as well as changing dynamics in the pulp and paper industry, our U.S. operations were in a three year cumulative loss position for the year ended December 31, 2013. Considering that the weight given to positive

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and negative evidence must be commensurate with the extent to which that evidence may be objectively verified, the recent cumulative loss of our U.S. operations limits our ability to consider other subjective positive evidence, such as projections of future earnings. As a result, we recorded an increase to the income tax provision of $604 million in order to establish a full valuation allowance against our net U.S. deferred income tax assets. The non-cash charge to establish a valuation allowance does not have any impact on our consolidated operating income or cash flow. It also does not reduce our underlying tax attributes, nor hinders our ability to use them in the future
The weight of positive evidence, which included a review of historical cumulative earnings and our expected future performance, resulted in the conclusion by management that valuation allowances were not required for most of our deferred income tax assets in Canada, as they were determined to be more likely than not to be realized. We maintained a valuation allowance against certain items of a capital nature and on the net deferred income tax assets associated with Fibrek Holding Inc., a Canadian wholly-owned subsidiary.
Deferred income taxes as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were comprised of the following:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
Fixed assets
$
(236
)
 
$
(262
)
 
Deferred gains
 
(41
)
 
 
(40
)
 
Other liabilities
 
(54
)
 
 
(120
)
 
Deferred income tax liabilities
 
(331
)
 
 
(422
)
 
Fixed assets
 
575

 
 
593

 
Pension and OPEB plans
 
389

 
 
587

 
Ordinary loss carryforwards
 
843

 
 
816

 
Capital loss carryforwards
 
444

 
 
444

 
Research and development expense pool
 
223

 
 
254

 
Tax credit carryforwards
 
119

 
 
159

 
Other assets
 
99

 
 
173

 
Deferred income tax assets
 
2,692

 
 
3,026

 
Valuation allowance
 
(1,121
)
 
 
(623
)
 
Net deferred income tax assets
$
1,240

 
$
1,981

 
Amounts recognized in our Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred income tax assets – current
$
32

 
$
56

 
Deferred income tax assets – noncurrent
 
1,266

 
 
2,000

 
Deferred income tax liabilities - current
 
(32
)
 
 

 
Deferred income tax liabilities – noncurrent
 
(26
)
 
 
(75
)
 
Net deferred income tax assets
$
1,240

 
$
1,981

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The balance of tax attributes and their dates of expiration as of December 31, 2013 were as follows:
(In millions)
Related
Deferred
Income Tax
Asset
Year of
Expiration
Ordinary loss carryforwards:
 
 
 
 
U.S. Federal ordinary loss carryforwards of $1,779
$
623

(1  
)  
2021 – 2033
U.S. State ordinary loss carryforwards of $1,718
 
67

(1  
)  
2014 – 2033
Canadian Federal and provincial (excluding Québec) ordinary loss carryforwards of $436
 
72

 
2014 – 2033
Québec ordinary loss carryforwards of $639
 
61

 
2014 – 2033
Other ordinary loss carryforwards
 
20

 
2019 – 2023
 
$
843

 
 
Capital loss carryforwards:
 
 
 
 
U.S. capital loss carryforwards of $1,258
$
440

(1  
)  
2014
Canadian capital loss carryforwards of $12
 
4

 
Indefinite
 
$
444

 
 
Research and development expense pool:
 
 
 
 
Canadian Federal and provincial (excluding Québec) research and development expense pool of $788
$
142

 
Indefinite
Québec research and development expense pool of $969
 
81

 
Indefinite
 
$
223

 
 
Tax credit carryforwards:
 
 
 
 
Canadian research and development tax credit carryforwards
$
112

 
2016 – 2033
Other Canadian tax credit carryforwards
 
1

 
2014
U.S State tax credit carryforwards
 
6

(1  
)  
2014 – 2028
 
$
119

 
 
(1)  
As at December 31, 2013, a full valuation allowance was recorded on our U.S operations net deferred income tax assets.
Our U.S federal net operating loss carryforwards are subject to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended § 382 (“IRC § 382”) limitation, resulting from a previous ownership change. We do not expect that IRC § 382 would limit the utilization of our available U.S federal net operating loss carryforwards prior to their expiration.
We consider our foreign earnings to be permanently invested. Accordingly, we do not currently provide for the additional United States and foreign income taxes that would become payable upon remission of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries. The cumulative undistributed earnings of such subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 are not material. It is not practicable to estimate the income tax liability that might be incurred if such earnings were remitted to the U.S.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Unrecognized tax benefits
The following table summarizes the activity related to our gross unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 :
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
Beginning of year
$
84

 
$
109

 
(Decrease) increase in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Positions taken in a prior period
 
(1
)
 
 
(16
)
 
Positions taken in the current period
 
4

 
 
44

 
Settlements with taxing authorities
 

 
 
(55
)
 
Change in Canadian foreign exchange rate
 
(6
)
 
 
2

 
End of year
$
81

 
$
84

 
We recognize interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits as components of the income tax provision. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate is $78 million . During 2013, changes to unrecognized tax benefits reflected additional uncertain tax positions taken, as well as the impact of changes in foreign exchanges rates. In 2012, we adjusted certain reserves for unrecognized tax benefits following the completion of examinations and settlements reached with various taxing authorities, as well as additional uncertain tax positions taken.
In the normal course of business, we are subject to audits from the federal, state, provincial and other tax authorities regarding various tax liabilities. U.S. federal tax returns for 2010 and future years, as well as Canadian tax returns for 2008 and future years remain subject to examination by tax authorities.
We do not expect a significant change to the amount of unrecognized tax benefits over the next twelve months. However, any adjustments arising from examinations by taxing authorities may alter the timing or amount of taxable income or deductions, or the allocation of income among tax jurisdictions, and could differ from the amount accrued. We believe that taxes accrued in our Consolidated Balance Sheets fairly represent the amount of income taxes to be settled or realized in the future.
Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal items
We are involved in various legal proceedings relating to contracts, commercial disputes, taxes, environmental issues, employment and workers’ compensation claims, Aboriginal claims and other matters. We periodically review the status of these proceedings with both inside and outside counsel. Although the final outcome of any of these matters is subject to many variables and cannot be predicted with any degree of certainty, we establish reserves for a matter (including legal costs expected to be incurred) when we believe an adverse outcome is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. We believe that the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, but it could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in any given quarter or year.
Effective July 31, 2012, we completed the second step transaction pursuant to which we acquired the remaining 25.4% of the outstanding Fibrek shares, following the approval of Fibrek’s shareholders on July 23, 2012, and the issuance of a final order of the Québec Superior Court in Canada (the “Canadian Court”) approving the arrangement on July 27, 2012. Certain former shareholders of Fibrek exercised (or purported to exercise) rights of dissent in respect of the transaction, asking for a judicial determination of the fair value of their claim under the Canada Business Corporations Act. No consideration has to date been paid to the former Fibrek shareholders who exercised (or purported to exercise) rights of dissent. Any such consideration will only be paid out upon settlement or judicial determination of the fair value of their claims and will be paid entirely in cash. Accordingly, we cannot presently determine the amount that ultimately will be paid to former holders of Fibrek shares in connection with the proceedings, but we have reserved approximately Cdn $14 million ( $13 million , based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ) for the eventual payment of those claims.
On June 12, 2012, we filed a motion for directives with the Canadian Court seeking an order to prevent pension regulators in each of Québec, New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador from declaring partial wind-ups of pension plans relating to employees of former operations in New Brunswick and Newfoundland and Labrador, or a declaration that any claim for accelerated reimbursements of deficits arising from a partial wind-up is a barred claim under the Creditor Protection Proceedings. These plans are subject to the funding relief regulations described in Note 14, “Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans - Canadian pension funding,” and we contend, among other things, that any such declaration, if issued, would be

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inconsistent with the Canadian Court’s sanction order confirming the Plan of Reorganization and the terms of our emergence from the Creditor Protection Proceedings. A partial wind-up would likely shorten the period in which any deficit within those plans, which could reach up to Cdn $150 million ( $141 million based on the exchange rate in effect on December 31, 2013 ), would have to be funded if we do not obtain the relief sought. No hearing date has been set to date.
Environmental matters
We are subject to a variety of federal, state, provincial and local environmental laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate. We believe our operations are in material compliance with current applicable environmental laws and regulations. Environmental regulations promulgated in the future could require substantial additional expenditures for compliance and could have a material impact on us, in particular, and the industry in general. We may be a “potentially responsible party” with respect to four hazardous waste sites that are being addressed pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (“Superfund”) or the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) corrective action authority. We believe we will not be liable for any significant amounts at any of these sites.
We have recorded $9 million and $4 million for environmental liabilities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , respectively, which represents management’s estimate based on an assessment of relevant factors and assumptions of the ultimate settlement amounts for environmental liabilities. The amount of these liabilities could be affected by changes in facts or assumptions not currently known to management. These liabilities are included in “Accounts payable and accrued liabilities” or “Other long-term liabilities” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Other representations, warranties and indemnifications
We make representations and warranties and offer indemnities to counterparties in connection with commercial transactions like asset sales and other commercial agreements. Indemnification obligations generally are standard contractual terms, are entered into in the normal course of business and are related to contingencies that are not expected to occur at the time of the agreement. We are not able to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under these indemnification obligations, but we believe that it is unlikely that we will be required to make material payments under those arrangements and no material liabilities related thereto have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements.
Note 17. Share Capital
Overview
We are authorized under our certificate of incorporation, as amended and restated, to issue up to 200 million shares of capital stock, consisting of: (i)  190 million shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share and (ii)  10 million shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.
Preferred stock
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , no preferred shares were issued and outstanding.
Common stock
On the Emergence Date and pursuant to the Plans of Reorganization, we issued an aggregate of 97,134,954 shares of common stock for the benefit of unsecured creditors of the Debtors in the Creditor Protection Proceedings and also reserved 9,020,960 shares for issuance under the predecessor to the Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Incentive Plan”).
As of December 31, 2011, 77,415,389 shares of common stock had been distributed to the holders of unsecured claims as of the applicable distribution record date under the Plans of Reorganization on account of allowed unsecured creditor claims. During the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 , an additional 3,693,601 and 15,702,418 shares, respectively, of common stock had been distributed to the holders of unsecured claims from the share reserve established on the Emergence Date for disputed claims, leaving no remaining unresolved claim.
Because the aggregate of allowed claims against certain Chapter 11 debtors was resolved for less than was originally reserved when the disputed claim share reserve was established, and because certain of the CCAA debtors had no creditor, the remaining 276,662 shares and 46,884 shares, respectively, unallocated under the respective plan of reorganization were transferred to us in 2013 and accounted as treasury stock.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Consistent with the confirmation order in respect of our U.S. Debtors’ Chapter 11 Reorganization Plan and applicable law, we relied on section 1145(a)(1) of Chapter 11 to exempt the issuance of these shares of common stock and their distribution to unsecured creditors from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 (as amended, the “Securities Act”).
Treasury stock
On May 22, 2012, our board of directors approved a share repurchase program of up to 10% of our common stock, for an aggregate purchase price of up to $100 million . During the year ended December 31, 2012, we repurchased 5,610,152 shares at a cost of $67 million . We did not repurchase shares in 2013.
On July 31, 2012, we distributed 503,054 shares from treasury as part of the consideration in the second step transaction to acquire the remaining non-controlling interest in Fibrek. For additional information, see Note 3, “Acquisition of Fibrek Inc.
In 2013, we also transferred 323,546 shares of common stock from the disputed share reserve, as described above.
Dividends
We did not declare or pay any dividends on our common stock during the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 .
Note 18. Share-Based Compensation
Overview
The Incentive Plan, which became effective on the Emergence Date and is administered by the human resources and compensation/nominating and governance committee of the board of directors, provides for the grant of equity-based awards, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, RSUs, DSUs (collectively, “stock incentive awards”) and cash incentive awards to certain of our officers, directors, employees, consultants and advisors. As discussed in Note 17, “Share Capital ,” we have been authorized to issue stock incentive awards for up to 9 million shares under the Incentive Plan.
In 2011, the board of directors adopted the Resolute Forest Products Outside Director Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”), which allows non-employee directors to surrender 50% or 100% of their cash fees in exchange for DSUs or RSUs, as applicable based on the director’s country of residency. The number of awards issued pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan is based on 110% of the fees earned, resulting in a 10% premium incentive.
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , all of our outstanding stock incentive awards pursuant to the Incentive Plan were accounted for as equity-classified, service-based awards and all of our outstanding stock incentive awards pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan were accounted for as liability awards. As of December 31, 2013 , approximately 5.7 million shares were available for issuance under the Incentive Plan.
For the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , share-based compensation expense was $8 million ( no tax benefit), $5 million ( $1 million of tax benefit) and $3 million ( $1 million of tax benefit), respectively.
Retirement eligibility period
Employees who retire (upon meeting certain age and service criteria) at least 6 months after the grant date and prior to the end of the four-year vesting period will be allowed to continue vesting in their awards after retirement in accordance with the normal vesting schedule. The requisite service periods for the stock incentive awards are reduced on an individual basis, as necessary, to reflect the grantee’s individual retirement eligibility date (“the retirement eligibility period”).

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Stock options
In 2013 and 2012 , we made grants of 692,759 and 785,885 stock options, respectively, to our non-employee directors and to certain employees using the following weighted-average assumptions:
 
2013
2012
Exercise price
$
15.66

 
$
11.41

 
Fair value
$
7.65

 
$
5.59

 
Expected dividend yield
 

 
 

 
Expected volatility
 
50.0
%
 
 
50.6
%
 
Risk-free interest rate
 
1.8
%
 
 
1.6
%
 
Expected life in years
 
6.25

 
 
6.25

 
The stock options become exercisable ratably over a period of 4 years , or the retirement eligibility period, whichever is shorter, and, unless terminated earlier in accordance with their terms, expire 10 years from the date of grant. New shares of our common stock are issued upon the exercise of a stock option. In certain cases, we withhold shares in respect of option costs and applicable taxes.
We calculated the grant-date fair value of the stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The payment of dividends is subject to certain restrictions under the 2023 Notes indenture and the credit agreement that governs the ABL Credit Facility; therefore, we assumed an expected dividend yield of zero . Due to the short trading history of the Company’s common stock, we estimated the expected volatility based on the historical volatility of a peer group within our industry measured over a term approximating the expected life of the options. We estimated the risk-free interest rate based on a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury instrument with a remaining term approximating the expected life of the options. Historical exercise data attributable to stock incentive awards granted after the Company’s common stock began publicly trading is limited; therefore, we used the simplified method permitted by Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 14 to estimate the expected life of the options. Under this approach, the expected life is presumed to be the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term.
The activity of stock options for the year ended December 31, 2013 was as follows:
 
Number of
Shares
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-
Average
Contractual
Life (years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2012
1,530,618

 
$
15.46

 
9.2
 
$

 
Granted
692,759

 
 
15.66

 
 
 
 
 
 
Exercised
(13,301
)
 
 
11.41

 
 
 
 
 
 
Forfeited
(180,773
)
 
 
15.40

 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2013
2,029,303

 
$
15.56

 
8.7
 
$

 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2013
585,928

 
$
17.74

 
7.8
 
$

 
As of December 31, 2013 , there was approximately $7 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to these stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining requisite service period of 3.2 years .
Restricted stock units and deferred stock units
In 2013 and 2012 , we made grants of RSUs and DSUs to our non-employee directors and to certain employees pursuant to the Incentive Plan. Each RSU and DSU provides the holder the right to receive one share of our common stock upon vesting. The awards vest ratably over a period of one year for directors and four years for employees, or over the retirement eligibility period, whichever is shorter. Awards to employees are settled with shares of stock upon vesting, while awards to directors are settled with shares of stock ratably over a period of three years or upon separation from the Board of Directors, as applicable based on the director’s country of residency. In certain cases, we withhold shares in respect of applicable taxes.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


The activity of RSUs and DSUs for the year ended December 31, 2013 was as follows:
 
Number of
Units
Weighted-
Average Fair
Value at Grant
Date
Outstanding as of December 31, 2012
777,548

 
$
13.50
 
Granted (1)
504,329

 
 
16.15
 
Vested and settled (2)
(226,305
)
 
 
12.63
 
Forfeited
(95,121
)
 
 
13.18
 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2013 (3)
960,451

 
$
15.13
 
(1)  
Includes 32,804 DSUs to non-employee directors pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan.
(2)  
Includes 8,149 and 3,613 awards that were vested in 2012 and 2011 , respectively, but were not settled until 2013 .
(3)  
Includes 38,424 awards that were vested in 2013 but have not been settled and therefore remain outstanding as of December 31, 2013 .
As of December 31, 2013 , there was approximately $9 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to these RSUs and DSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining requisite service period of 3.2 years . New shares of our common stock are issued upon the settlement of an RSU or DSU issued pursuant to the Incentive Plan.
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of all RSUs and DSUs granted in 2012 was $11.66 .
Note 19. Operating Leases and Purchase Obligations
We lease office premises, office equipment and transportation equipment under operating leases for which total expense was $12 million in 2013 , $13 million in 2012 and $13 million in 2011 . In the normal course of business, we have also entered into various supply agreements, guarantees, purchase commitments and harvesting rights agreements (for land that we manage for which we make payments to various Canadian provinces based on the amount of timber harvested).
As of December 31, 2013 , the future minimum rental payments under operating leases and commitments for purchase obligations were as follows:
(In millions)
Purchase Obligations
Operating
Leases
2014
$
77

 
$
4

 
2015
 
44

 
 
3

 
2016
 
42

 
 
3

 
2017
 
35

 
 
2

 
2018
 
16

 
 
2

 
Thereafter
 
49

 
 
9

 
 
$
263

 
$
23

 


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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 20. Segment Information
We manage our business based on the products we manufacture. Our reportable segments correspond to our principal product lines: newsprint, specialty papers, market pulp and wood products. As of the fourth quarter of 2013, the results from our coated papers operations have been integrated with the specialty papers segment. This better reflects management's internal analysis, given the increasingly high degree of substitution with supercalender grades, and the diminishing percentage coated papers represents in our product portfolio. Comparative year information, including the table presented below, has been modified to conform to this revised segment presentation.
None of the income or loss items following “ Operating (loss) income ” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations are allocated to our segments, since those items are reviewed separately by management. For the same reason, closure costs, impairment and other related charges, severance costs, inventory write-downs related to closures, start up costs of idled mills, net gain on disposition of assets , transaction costs, as well as other discretionary charges or credits are not allocated to our segments. We allocate depreciation and amortization expense to our segments, although the related fixed assets and amortizable intangible assets are not allocated to segment assets. Additionally, all selling, general and administrative expenses, excluding severance costs and certain discretionary charges and credits, are allocated to our segments.
In each of 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , no assets were identifiable by segment and reviewed by management. All assets were therefore included in Corporate and other.
Information about certain segment data for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was as follows:
(In millions)
Newsprint
Specialty
Papers
Market
Pulp (1)
Wood
Products
Corporate
and Other
Consolidated
Total
Sales
 
2013
$
1,473

 
$
1,366

 
$
1,053

 
$
569

 
$

 
$
4,461

 
2012
 
1,627

 
 
1,562

 
 
814

 
 
500

 
 

 
 
4,503

 
2011
 
1,816

 
 
1,813

 
 
659

 
 
468

 
 

 
 
4,756

 
Depreciation and amortization
 
2013
$
73

 
$
77

 
$
52

 
$
36

 
$
5

 
$
243

 
2012
 
72

 
 
83

 
 
44

 
 
34

 
 

 
 
233

 
2011
 
73

 
 
84

 
 
30

 
 
33

 
 

 
 
220

 
Operating income (loss) (2)
 
2013
$
40

 
$
35

 
$
42

 
$
41

 
$
(160
)
 
$
(2
)
 
2012
 
97

 
 
85

 
 
(43
)
 
 
26

 
 
(193
)
 
 
(28
)
 
2011
 
89

 
 
122

 
 
91

 
 
(25
)
 
 
(70
)
 
 
207

 
Capital expenditures
 
2013
$
57

 
$
17

 
$
40

 
$
31

 
$
16

 
$
161

 
2012
 
58

 
 
22

 
 
40

 
 
22

 
 
27

 
 
169

 
2011
 
34

 
 
19

 
 
12

 
 
20

 
 
12

 
 
97

 
(1)  
For the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , market pulp sales excluded inter-segment sales of $17 million , $36 million and $33 million , respectively.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


(2) Corporate and other operating loss for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 included the following significant items:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net gain on disposition of assets
$
2

 
$
35

 
$
3

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
(89
)
 
 
(185
)
 
 
(46
)
 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
(11
)
 
 
(12
)
 
 
(3
)
 
Severance costs
 

 
 
(5
)
 
 
(12
)
 
Transaction costs
 
(6
)
 
 
(8
)
 
 
(5
)
 
Start up costs of idled mills
 
(32
)
 
 
(13
)
 
 

 
 
$
(136
)
 
$
(188
)
 
$
(63
)
 
 
Sales are attributed to countries based on the location of the customer. No single customer, related or otherwise, accounted for 10% or more of our 2013 , 2012 or 2011 consolidated sales. No country in the “Other countries” group in the table below exceeded 2% of consolidated sales. Sales by country for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
United States
$
2,834

 
$
2,766

 
$
2,859

 
Foreign countries:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
 
546

 
 
636

 
 
636

 
Mexico
 
168

 
 
140

 
 
151

 
Brazil
 
122

 
 
154

 
 
166

 
Italy
 
85

 
 
105

 
 
106

 
India
 
74

 
 
36

 
 
60

 
Korea
 
65

 
 
84

 
 
88

 
Other countries
 
567

 
 
582

 
 
690

 
 
 
1,627

 
 
1,737

 
 
1,897

 
 
$
4,461

 
$
4,503

 
$
4,756

 
Long-lived assets, which exclude intangible assets and deferred income tax assets, by country, as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , were as follows:
(In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
United States
$
967

 
$
1,071

 
Foreign countries:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
 
1,498

 
 
1,538

 
Korea
 
26

 
 
25

 
 
 
1,524

 
 
1,563

 
 
$
2,491

 
$
2,634

 

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 21. Condensed Consolidating Financial Information
The following information is presented in accordance with Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X and the public information requirements of Rule 144 promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act in connection with Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s 2023 Notes that are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on a joint and several basis, by all of our 100% owned material U.S. subsidiaries (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”). The 2023 Notes are not guaranteed by our foreign subsidiaries and our less than 100% owned U.S. subsidiaries (the “Non-guarantor Subsidiaries”).
The following condensed consolidating financial information sets forth the Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , the Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 and the Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 for Resolute Forest Products Inc. (the “Parent”), the Guarantor Subsidiaries on a combined basis and the Non-guarantor Subsidiaries on a combined basis. The condensed consolidating financial information reflects the investments of the Parent in the Guarantor Subsidiaries and Non-guarantor Subsidiaries, as well as the investments of the Guarantor Subsidiaries in the Non-guarantor Subsidiaries, using the equity method of accounting. The principal consolidating adjustments are elimination entries to eliminate the investments in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions.  
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
For the Year Ended December 31, 2013
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Sales
$

 
$
3,674

 
$
2,956

 
$
(2,169
)
 
$
4,461

 
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
 

 
 
3,356

 
 
2,247

 
 
(2,157
)
 
 
3,446

 
Depreciation and amortization
 

 
 
100

 
 
143

 
 

 
 
243

 
Distribution costs
 

 
 
172

 
 
357

 
 
(8
)
 
 
521

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
18

 
 
47

 
 
101

 
 

 
 
166

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 

 
 
61

 
 
28

 
 

 
 
89

 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 

 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
Operating (loss) income
 
(18
)
 
 
(62
)
 
 
82

 
 
(4
)
 
 
(2
)
 
Interest expense
 
(89
)
 
 
(4
)
 
 
(8
)
 
 
50

 
 
(51
)
 
Other (expense) income, net
 
(60
)
 
 
66

 
 
(18
)
 
 
(50
)
 
 
(62
)
 
Parent’s equity in loss of subsidiaries
 
(472
)
 
 

 
 

 
 
472

 
 

 
(Loss) income before income taxes
 
(639
)
 
 

 
 
56

 
 
468

 
 
(115
)
 
Income tax provision
 

 
 
(564
)
 
 
(21
)
 
 
61

 
 
(524
)
 
Net (loss) income including noncontrolling interests
 
(639
)
 
 
(564
)
 
 
35

 
 
529

 
 
(639
)
 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
Net (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
(639
)
 
$
(564
)
 
$
35

 
$
529

 
$
(639
)
 
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
(296
)
 
$
(346
)
 
$
217

 
$
129

 
$
(296
)
 

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
For the Year Ended December 31, 2012
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Sales
$

 
$
3,139

 
$
2,894

 
$
(1,530
)
 
$
4,503

 
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
 

 
 
2,774

 
 
2,228

 
 
(1,517
)
 
 
3,485

 
Depreciation and amortization
 

 
 
93

 
 
140

 
 

 
 
233

 
Distribution costs
 

 
 
162

 
 
361

 
 
(9
)
 
 
514

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
18

 
 
56

 
 
75

 
 

 
 
149

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 

 
 
12

 
 
173

 
 

 
 
185

 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 

 
 

 
 
(35
)
 
 

 
 
(35
)
 
Operating (loss) income
 
(18
)
 
 
42

 
 
(48
)
 
 
(4
)
 
 
(28
)
 
Interest expense
 
(214
)
 
 
(13
)
 
 
(8
)
 
 
169

 
 
(66
)
 
Other income, net
 
2

 
 
171

 
 
18

 
 
(169
)
 
 
22

 
Parent’s equity in income of subsidiaries
 
147

 
 

 
 

 
 
(147
)
 
 

 
(Loss) income before income taxes
 
(83
)
 
 
200

 
 
(38
)
 
 
(151
)
 
 
(72
)
 
Income tax benefit (provision)
 
84

 
 
(69
)
 
 
23

 
 
1

 
 
39

 
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interests
 
1

 
 
131

 
 
(15
)
 
 
(150
)
 
 
(33
)
 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 

 
 
34

 
 

 
 
34

 
Net income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
1

 
$
131

 
$
19

 
$
(150
)
 
$
1

 
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
(318
)
 
$
69

 
$
(238
)
 
$
169

 
$
(318
)
 

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
For the Year Ended December 31, 2011
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Sales
$

 
$
3,141

 
$
3,154

 
$
(1,539
)
 
$
4,756

 
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, amortization and distribution costs
 

 
 
2,680

 
 
2,440

 
 
(1,539
)
 
 
3,581

 
Depreciation and amortization
 

 
 
90

 
 
130

 
 

 
 
220

 
Distribution costs
 

 
 
157

 
 
390

 
 

 
 
547

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
27

 
 
58

 
 
73

 
 

 
 
158

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 

 
 
18

 
 
28

 
 

 
 
46

 
Net gain on disposition of assets
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 
(1
)
 
 

 
 
(3
)
 
Operating (loss) income
 
(27
)
 
 
140

 
 
94

 
 

 
 
207

 
Interest expense
 
(216
)
 
 
(7
)
 
 
(18
)
 
 
146

 
 
(95
)
 
Other income (expense), net
 
6

 
 
134

 
 
(42
)
 
 
(146
)
 
 
(48
)
 
Parent’s equity in income of subsidiaries
 
199

 
 

 
 

 
 
(199
)
 
 

 
(Loss) income before income taxes
 
(38
)
 
 
267

 
 
34

 
 
(199
)
 
 
64

 
Income tax benefit (provision)
 
85

 
 
(109
)
 
 
5

 
 

 
 
(19
)
 
Net income including noncontrolling interests
 
47

 
 
158

 
 
39

 
 
(199
)
 
 
45

 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 

 
 
2

 
 

 
 
2

 
Net income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
47

 
$
158

 
$
41

 
$
(199
)
 
$
47

 
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
$
(256
)
 
$
85

 
$
(188
)
 
$
103

 
$
(256
)
 

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
As of December 31, 2013
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$

 
$
165

 
$
157

 
$

 
$
322

 
Accounts receivable, net
 

 
 
433

 
 
201

 
 

 
 
634

 
Accounts receivable from affiliates
 

 
 
335

 
 
135

 
 
(470
)
 
 

 
Inventories, net
 

 
 
211

 
 
326

 
 
(8
)
 
 
529

 
Deferred income tax assets
 

 
 

 
 
32

 
 

 
 
32

 
Interest receivable from parent
 

 
 
14

 
 

 
 
(14
)
 
 

 
Note receivable from affiliate
 

 
 
350

 
 

 
 
(350
)
 
 

 
Note receivable from subsidiary
 
13

 
 

 
 

 
 
(13
)
 
 

 
Other current assets
 

 
 
18

 
 
27

 
 

 
 
45

 
Total current assets
 
13

 
 
1,526

 
 
878

 
 
(855
)
 
 
1,562

 
Fixed assets, net
 

 
 
847

 
 
1,442

 
 

 
 
2,289

 
Amortizable intangible assets, net
 

 
 

 
 
66

 
 

 
 
66

 
Deferred income tax assets
 

 
 
28

 
 
1,236

 
 
2

 
 
1,266

 
Notes receivable from parent
 

 
 
627

 
 

 
 
(627
)
 
 

 
Notes receivable from affiliates
 

 
 
170

 
 

 
 
(170
)
 
 

 
Investments in and advances to consolidated subsidiaries
 
4,734

 
 
2,085

 
 

 
 
(6,819
)
 
 

 
Other assets
 
8

 
 
112

 
 
82

 
 

 
 
202

 
Total assets
$
4,755

 
$
5,395

 
$
3,704

 
$
(8,469
)
 
$
5,385

 
Liabilities and equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
$
5

 
$
190

 
$
338

 
$

 
$
533

 
Current portion of long-term debt
 

 
 
1

 
 
1

 
 

 
 
2

 
Accounts payable to affiliates
 
352

 
 
118

 
 

 
 
(470
)
 
 

 
Deferred income tax liabilities
 

 
 
32

 
 

 
 

 
 
32

 
Interest payable to subsidiaries
 
14

 
 

 
 

 
 
(14
)
 
 

 
Note payable to affiliate
 

 
 

 
 
350

 
 
(350
)
 
 

 
Note payable to parent
 

 
 

 
 
13

 
 
(13
)
 
 

 
Total current liabilities
 
371

 
 
341

 
 
702

 
 
(847
)
 
 
567

 
Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
595

 
 
2

 
 

 
 

 
 
597

 
Long-term debt due to subsidiaries
 
627

 
 

 
 

 
 
(627
)
 
 

 
Long-term debt due to affiliate
 

 
 

 
 
170

 
 
(170
)
 
 

 
Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations
 

 
 
340

 
 
954

 
 

 
 
1,294

 
Deferred income tax liabilities
 

 
 
1

 
 
25

 
 

 
 
26

 
Other long-term liabilities
 

 
 
26

 
 
36

 
 

 
 
62

 
Total liabilities
 
1,593

 
 
710

 
 
1,887

 
 
(1,644
)
 
 
2,546

 
Total equity
 
3,162

 
 
4,685

 
 
1,817

 
 
(6,825
)
 
 
2,839

 
Total liabilities and equity
$
4,755

 
$
5,395

 
$
3,704

 
$
(8,469
)
 
$
5,385

 

112

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
As of December 31, 2012
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
5

 
$
171

 
$
87

 
$

 
$
263

 
Accounts receivable, net
 

 
 
383

 
 
366

 
 
(52
)
 
 
697

 
Accounts receivable from affiliates
 

 
 
262

 
 
211

 
 
(473
)
 
 

 
Inventories, net
 

 
 
225

 
 
337

 
 
(4
)
 
 
558

 
Deferred income tax assets
 

 
 
11

 
 
45

 
 

 
 
56

 
Notes and interest receivable from parent
 

 
 
593

 
 

 
 
(593
)
 
 

 
Notes receivable from affiliates
 

 
 
9

 
 
138

 
 
(147
)
 
 

 
Note receivable from a subsidiary
 
41

 
 

 
 

 
 
(41
)
 
 

 
Other current assets
 

 
 
18

 
 
38

 
 

 
 
56

 
Total current assets
 
46

 
 
1,672

 
 
1,222

 
 
(1,310
)
 
 
1,630

 
Fixed assets, net
 

 
 
908

 
 
1,532

 
 

 
 
2,440

 
Amortizable intangible assets, net
 

 
 

 
 
69

 
 

 
 
69

 
Deferred income tax assets
 

 
 
594

 
 
1,405

 
 
1

 
 
2,000

 
Note receivable from affiliate
 

 
 
531

 
 

 
 
(531
)
 
 

 
Investments in and advances to consolidated subsidiaries
 
4,859

 
 
2,089

 
 

 
 
(6,948
)
 
 

 
Other assets
 

 
 
98

 
 
96

 
 

 
 
194

 
Total assets
$
4,905

 
$
5,892

 
$
4,324

 
$
(8,788
)
 
$
6,333

 
Liabilities and equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
$
11

 
$
198

 
$
424

 
$
(52
)
 
$
581

 
Current portion of long-term debt
 

 
 

 
 
2

 
 

 
 
2

 
Accounts payable to affiliates
 
336

 
 
135

 
 
2

 
 
(473
)
 
 

 
Notes and interest payable to subsidiaries
 
593

 
 

 
 

 
 
(593
)
 
 

 
Notes payable to affiliates
 

 
 
138

 
 
9

 
 
(147
)
 
 

 
Note payable to parent
 

 
 

 
 
41

 
 
(41
)
 
 

 
Total current liabilities
 
940

 
 
471

 
 
478

 
 
(1,306
)
 
 
583

 
Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
528

 
 
3

 
 
1

 
 

 
 
532

 
Long-term debt due to affiliate
 

 
 

 
 
531

 
 
(531
)
 
 

 
Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations
 

 
 
559

 
 
1,387

 
 

 
 
1,946

 
Deferred income tax liabilities
 

 
 

 
 
75

 
 

 
 
75

 
Other long-term liabilities
 

 
 
36

 
 
36

 
 

 
 
72

 
Total liabilities
 
1,468

 
 
1,069

 
 
2,508

 
 
(1,837
)
 
 
3,208

 
Total equity
 
3,437

 
 
4,823

 
 
1,816

 
 
(6,951
)
 
 
3,125

 
Total liabilities and equity
$
4,905

 
$
5,892

 
$
4,324

 
$
(8,788
)
 
$
6,333

 

113

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended December 31, 2013
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
$
(5
)
 
$
41

 
$
170

 
$

 
$
206

 
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash invested in fixed assets
 

 
 
(55
)
 
 
(106
)
 
 

 
 
(161
)
 
Disposition of assets
 

 
 

 
 
4

 
 

 
 
4

 
Proceeds from insurance settlements
 

 
 

 
 
4

 
 

 
 
4

 
Decrease in restricted cash
 

 
 

 
 
8

 
 

 
 
8

 
Increase in deposit requirements for letters of credit, net
 

 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
Other investing activities, net
 

 
 

 
 
(4
)
 
 

 
 
(4
)
 
Net cash used in investing activities
 

 
 
(55
)
 
 
(96
)
 
 

 
 
(151
)
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issuance of long-term debt
 
594

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
594

 
Premium paid on extinguishment of debt
 
(84
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(84
)
 
Dividend to noncontrolling interest
 

 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 


 
 
(2
)
 
Payments of debt
 
(501
)
 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 
(503
)
 
Payments of financing and credit facility fees
 
(9
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(9
)
 
Contribution of capital from noncontrolling interest
 

 
 
8

 
 

 
 

 
 
8

 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 

 
 
8

 
 
(4
)
 
 

 
 
4

 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
(5
)
 
 
(6
)
 
 
70

 
 

 
 
59

 
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of year
 
5

 
 
171

 
 
87

 
 

 
 
263

 
End of year
$

 
$
165

 
$
157

 
$

 
$
322

 

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended December 31, 2012
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Net cash provided by operating activities
$

 
$
249

 
$
17

 
$

 
$
266

 
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash invested in fixed assets
 

 
 
(42
)
 
 
(127
)
 
 

 
 
(169
)
 
Disposition of our interest in our Mersey operations, net of cash
 

 
 

 
 
14

 
 

 
 
14

 
Disposition of other assets
 

 
 
1

 
 
35

 
 

 
 
36

 
Acquisition of Fibrek, net of cash acquired
 

 
 

 
 
(24
)
 
 

 
 
(24
)
 
Decrease in restricted cash
 

 
 

 
 
76

 
 

 
 
76

 
Increase in deposit requirements for letters of credit, net
 

 
 

 
 
(12
)
 
 

 
 
(12
)
 
Advances from (to) affiliates
 
72

 
 
(56
)
 
 
(16
)
 
 

 
 

 
Other investing activities, net
 

 
 

 
 
4

 
 

 
 
4

 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
72

 
 
(97
)
 
 
(50
)
 
 

 
 
(75
)
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases of treasury stock
 
(67
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
(67
)
 
Dividends and distribution to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 

 
 
(5
)
 
 

 
 
(5
)
 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
 

 
 

 
 
(27
)
 
 

 
 
(27
)
 
Payments of debt
 

 
 
(109
)
 
 
(89
)
 
 

 
 
(198
)
 
Net cash used in financing activities
 
(67
)
 
 
(109
)
 
 
(121
)
 
 

 
 
(297
)
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
5

 
 
43

 
 
(154
)
 
 

 
 
(106
)
 
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of year
 

 
 
128

 
 
241

 
 

 
 
369

 
End of year
$
5

 
$
171

 
$
87

 
$

 
$
263

 

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RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended December 31, 2011
(In millions)
Parent
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
Non-guarantor
Subsidiaries
Consolidating
Adjustments
Consolidated
Net cash provided by operating activities
$

 
$
188

 
$
10

 
$

 
$
198

 
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash invested in fixed assets
 

 
 
(30
)
 
 
(67
)
 
 

 
 
(97
)
 
Disposition of investment in ACH
 

 
 

 
 
296

 
 

 
 
296

 
Disposition of other assets
 

 
 
11

 
 
8

 
 

 
 
19

 
Proceeds from holdback related to disposition of investment in MPCo
 

 
 

 
 
29

 
 

 
 
29

 
Proceeds from insurance settlements
 

 
 

 
 
8

 
 

 
 
8

 
Increase in restricted cash
 

 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
Increase in deposit requirements for letters of credit, net
 

 
 

 
 
(8
)
 
 

 
 
(8
)
 
Advances from (to) affiliates
 

 
 
150

 
 
(150
)
 
 

 
 

 
Net cash provided by investing activities
 

 
 
131

 
 
114

 
 

 
 
245

 
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and distribution to noncontrolling interests
 

 
 

 
 
(21
)
 
 

 
 
(21
)
 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
 

 
 

 
 
(15
)
 
 

 
 
(15
)
 
Payments of debt
 

 
 
(354
)
 
 

 
 

 
 
(354
)
 
Payment of credit facility fees
 

 
 
(1
)
 
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 
(3
)
 
Net cash used in financing activities
 

 
 
(355
)
 
 
(38
)
 
 

 
 
(393
)
 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
 

 
 
(36
)
 
 
86

 
 

 
 
50

 
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of year
 

 
 
164

 
 
155

 
 

 
 
319

 
End of year
$

 
$
128

 
$
241

 
$

 
$
369

 

116

Table of Contents

RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 22. Quarterly Information (Unaudited)
Year ended December 31, 2013
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter
Year
(In millions, except per share amounts)
Sales
$
1,074

 
$
1,107

 
$
1,130

 
$
1,150

 
$
4,461

 
Operating (loss) income (1)
 
(49
)
 
 
3

 
 
36

 
 
8

 
 
(2
)
 
Net loss attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
(5
)
 
 
(43
)
 
 
(588
)
 
 
(3
)
 
 
(639
)
 
Basic net loss per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders
 
(0.05
)
 
 
(0.45
)
 
 
(6.22
)
 
 
(0.03
)
 
 
(6.75
)
 
Diluted net loss per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders
 
(0.05
)
 
 
(0.45
)
 
 
(6.22
)
 
 
(0.03
)
 
 
(6.75
)
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2012
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter
Year
(In millions, except per share amounts)
Sales
$
1,054

 
$
1,168

 
$
1,153

 
$
1,128

 
$
4,503

 
Operating income (loss) (2)  
 
31

 
 
(32
)
 
 
31

 
 
(58
)
 
 
(28
)
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc.
 
26

 
 
(17
)
 
 
37

 
 
(45
)
 
 
1

 
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders
 
0.27

 
 
(0.17
)
 
 
0.38

 
 
(0.47
)
 
 
0.01

 
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to Resolute Forest Products Inc. common shareholders
 
0.27

 
 
(0.17
)
 
 
0.38

 
 
(0.47
)
 
 
0.01

 
(1) Operating loss for the year ended December 31, 2013 included the following significant items:
(In millions)
First  
Quarter
Second 
Quarter
Third 
Quarter
Fourth 
Quarter
Year
Net gain on disposition of assets
$

 
$
2

 
$

 
$

 
$
2

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
(40
)
 
 
(12
)
 
 
(4
)
 
 
(33
)
 
 
(89
)
 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 
(4
)
 
 
(1
)
 
 

 
 
(6
)
 
 
(11
)
 
Transaction costs
 
(3
)
 
 
(2
)
 
 

 
 
(1
)
 
 
(6
)
 
Start up costs of idled mill
 
(15
)
 
 
(13
)
 
 
(3
)
 
 
(1
)
 
 
(32
)
 
 
$
(62
)
 
$
(26
)
 
$
(7
)
 
$
(41
)
 
$
(136
)
 
(2) Operating income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2012 included the following significant items:
(In millions)
First  
Quarter
Second
Quarter
Third 
Quarter
Fourth 
Quarter
Year
Net gain on disposition of assets
$
23

 
$
1

 
$
4

 
$
7

 
$
35

 
Closure costs, impairment and other related charges
 
(5
)
 
 
(88
)
 
 
(5
)
 
 
(87
)
 
 
(185
)
 
Inventory write-downs related to closures
 

 
 
(7
)
 
 

 
 
(5
)
 
 
(12
)
 
Severance costs
 
(2
)
 
 
(1
)
 
 

 
 
(2
)
 
 
(5
)
 
Transaction costs
 
(4
)
 
 
(3
)
 
 

 
 
(1
)
 
 
(8
)
 
Start up costs of idled mills
 

 
 

 
 
(5
)
 
 
(8
)
 
 
(13
)
 
 
$
12

 
$
(98
)
 
$
(6
)
 
$
(96
)
 
$
(188
)
 

117

Table of Contents

RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


Note 23. Subsequent Events
The following significant events occurred subsequent to December 31, 2013 :
The province of Québec informed us on December 30, 2011 that it intended not to renew the water rights associated with our Jim-Gray hydroelectric dam and to require us to transfer the property to the province for no consideration. The province had granted us several extensions, through March 1, 2014, to transfer the property. As part of a master agreement reached with the province on February 28, 2014, among other things, it renewed the water rights associated with the Jim-Gray dam for a period of 10 years as of January 1, 2012, which are further renewable under certain conditions. Accordingly, we will retain the property of the dam until the expiry of the associated water rights.
On January 14, 2014, we announced an extended period of market-related outage at a paper mill in Fort Frances. For additional information, see Note 5, “Closure Costs, Impairment and Other Related Charges ,” and Note 8, “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss .”
Following the five year renewal of the master collective agreement covering 4 unionized U.S. pulp and paper mills, effective as of February 14, 2014, we will amend our U.S. OPEB plan, whereby unionized post-65 active employees will be provided Medicare coverage via a Medicare Exchange program, effective January 1, 2015. As a result of this plan amendment, “Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations” and “ Accumulated other comprehensive loss ” in our consolidated balance sheet will both be decreased in 2014 by approximately $40 million .
The ABL Credit Facility was amended as of February 25, 2014, to, among other things:
release the liens securing the ABL Credit Facility on that portion of the assets of the U.S. Borrowers and the U.S. Guarantors which had secured the 2018 Notes on a first priority basis, primarily consisting of real property, equipment, intellectual property and the equity of our subsidiaries, with the ability to re-implement those liens with a second lien priority should we issue new secured debt which is to be secured by a second lien on our accounts receivable and inventory and other assets which continue to secure the ABL Credit Facility;
reduce the excess availability thresholds that trigger a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio to the greater of: (i) $50 million and (ii) 10% of the lesser of (A) the total commitments and (B) the borrowing base then in effect;
increase the uncommitted incremental loan facility to $200 million ;
increase our borrowing capacity by expanding our ability to create liens if the debt incurrence test is met and by increasing minimum baskets for unsecured and secured debt to $500 million each, subject to certain conditions; and
increase the borrowing base by including 90% of eligible international accounts receivable and 100% of cash deposits, limited to $100 million and subject to certain conditions.

118


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and the Shareholders of Resolute Forest Products Inc.
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, changes in deficit and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Resolute Forest Products Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the accompanying financial statements schedule listed in the index appearing under item 15(a)(2) which includes the parent company only condensed balance sheets at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 and the related condensed statements of operations, (deficit) retained earnings and comprehensive loss and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013 present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Financial Statements and Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits .We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for planned major maintenance costs.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (1)
Montreal, Canada
March 3, 2014
(1)  CPA auditor, CA, public accountancy permit No.A113048



119


MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND ASSESSMENT OF INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Financial Statements
Management of Resolute Forest Products Inc. is responsible for the preparation of the financial information included in this Form 10-K. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and include amounts that are based on the best estimates and judgments of management.
Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
 
 —
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of Resolute Forest Products Inc.;
 
 
 —
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles;
 
 
 —
provide reasonable assurance that receipts and expenditures of Resolute Forest Products Inc. are being made only in accordance with the authorizations of management and directors of Resolute Forest Products Inc.; and
 
 
 —
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013 . Management based this assessment on the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management’s assessment included an evaluation of the design of Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting. Management reviewed the results of its assessment with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Based on this assessment, management determined that, as of December 31, 2013 , Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.
The effectiveness of Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report above.

120


ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) are our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
We have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2013 . Based on that evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date in recording, processing, summarizing and timely reporting information required to be disclosed in our reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management has issued its report on internal control over financial reporting, which included management’s assessment that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013 . Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting can be found on page 120 of this Form 10-K. Our independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013 . This report can be found on page 119 of this Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
In connection with the evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, there were no changes during the quarter ended December 31, 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.

121

Table of Contents

PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement for our 2014 annual meeting of shareholders to be held on May 23, 2014 (the “2014 proxy statement”), which will be filed within 120 days of the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 .
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. This code of ethics (which is entitled “Code of Business Conduct”) and our corporate governance policies are posted on our website at www.resolutefp.com . We intend to satisfy disclosure requirements regarding amendments to or waivers from our code of ethics by posting such information on this website. The charters of the Audit Committee and the Human Resources and Compensation/Nominating and Governance Committee of our Board of Directors are available on our website as well. This information is also available in print free of charge to any person who requests it.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this Item that is not included below under “Equity Compensation Plan Information” is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2013 regarding securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding stock options or pursuant to outstanding restricted stock units, deferred stock units and performance-based awards, and securities remaining available for issuance under our equity compensation plan. The Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan is the only compensation plan with shares authorized.  
Plan category
(a)
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(b)
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
(c)
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

 
$

 

 
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (1)

2,989,754

 
 
15.56

 
5,706,952

 
Total
2,989,754

 
$
15.56

 
5,706,952

 
(1)  
The Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan was approved by the Courts pursuant to the Plans of Reorganization. The weighted-average exercise price in column (b) represents the weighted-average exercise price of 2,029,303 stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2013 . There is no exercise price for the 960,451 restricted stock units and deferred stock units outstanding as of December 31, 2013 .
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.

122

Table of Contents

PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) The following are filed as a part of this Form 10-K:

(1) The following are included at the indicated page of this Form 10-K:
 
 
Page
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December  31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Years Ended December  31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December  31, 2013 and 2012
 
 
 
 
(2) The following financial statement schedule for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 is submitted:
 
All other financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, not material or because the required information is included in the financial statements or notes.
 
(3) Exhibits (numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K):
Exhibit No.
Description
 
 
2.1*
Share Purchase Agreement, dated December 10, 2012, among The Province of Nova Scotia, Bowater Canadian Limited, The Daily Herald Company and Resolute Forest Products Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 14, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
3.1*
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Resolute Forest Product Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Resolute Forest Product Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed March 1, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
3.2*
Third Amended and Restated By-laws of AbitibiBowater Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3(ii) to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Form 8-A filed on December 9, 2010).
 
 
4.1*
Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of May 12, 2011, among AbitibiBowater Inc., each of the guarantors from time to time party hereto, as guarantors, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee and as collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 filed May 16, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.2*
Form of 10.25% Senior Note due 2018 (included in Exhibit 4.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 filed May 16, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.3*
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 9, 2012, among AbitibiBowater Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.4*
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2012, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 

123

Table of Contents

Exhibit No.
Description
4.5*
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 12, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.6*
Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 7, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.7*
Indenture, dated as of May 8, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.8*
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of May 8, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as representative. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.1*
ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., Bowater Incorporated, Abitibi-Consolidated Corp., Abitibi-Consolidated Inc., Barclays Bank PLC, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 15, 2010, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.2*
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 11, 2011, among AbiBow Canada Inc., Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec and CDP Investissements Inc., as vendors, and Infra H2O GP Partners Inc., Infra H2O LP Partners Inc. and BluEarth Renewables Inc., as the purchaser (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 17, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.3*
AbitibiBowater 2010 Canadian DB Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, effective as of December 9, 2010 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.4*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed January 7, 2011, SEC Registration No. 333-171602).
 
 
†10.5*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Director Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed January 7, 2011, SEC Registration No. 333-171602).
 
 
†10.6*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed January 7, 2011, SEC Registration No. 333-171602).
 
 
†10.7*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.13 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.8*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.14 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.9*
AbitibiBowater Executive Restricted Stock Unit Plan, effective as of April 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.13 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.10*
Employment Agreement between Yves Laflamme and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated February 14, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 18, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.11*
Offer Letter between Jo-Ann Longworth and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated July 25, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011 filed November 14, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 

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Table of Contents

Exhibit No.
Description
†10.12*
Offer Letter between Pierre Laberge and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated June 9, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.35 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.13*
Director compensation program chart (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.36 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.14*
Retirement Compensation Trust Agreement (with Letter of Credit) between AbiBow Canada Inc. and AbitibiBowater Inc. and CIBC Mellon Trust Company, dated and effective as of November 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.39 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.15*
Agreement Concerning the Pulp and Paper Operations of AbiBow Canada in Ontario, dated November 10, 2010, between Bowater Canadian Forest Products Inc. and Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada and The Province of Ontario (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.32 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.16*
Agreement Concerning the Pulp and Paper Operations of AbiBow Canada in Quebec, dated September 13, 2010, between Bowater Canadian Forest Products Inc. and Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada and The Government of Quebec (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.33 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.17*
Amendment No. 1, dated as of April 28, 2011, to the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., the subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater party thereto, the lenders party thereto from time to time and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 filed May 16, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.18*
Amendment No. 2, dated October 28, 2011, to ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., AbiBow US Inc. (f/k/a Bowater Incorporated) and AbiBow Recycling LLC (f/k/a Abitibi-Consolidated Corp.) and AbiBow Canada Inc. (f/k/a Abitibi-Consolidated Inc.), and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 31, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.19*
Lock-up Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited, dated as of November 28, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.20*
Lock-up Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Oakmont Capital Inc., dated as of November 28, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.21*
Lock-up Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Dalal Street, LLC, dated as of November 28, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.22*
Executive Employment Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated January 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.26 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.23*
Change in Control Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated January 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.27 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.24**
Executive Employment Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated February 26, 2014.
 
 
†10.25**
Change in Control Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated February 26, 2014.
 
 
†10.26*
Employment Agreement between Alain Boivin and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated February 22, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.28 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.27*
Offer Letter between John Lafave and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated February 14, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.29 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 

125

Table of Contents

Exhibit No.
Description
†10.28*
Offer Letter between Jacques Vachon and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated March 19, 2012 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.29*
Resolute Forest Products DC Make-up Program, effective January 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.30*
Waiver and Amendment No. 3, dated as of March 21, 2012, under and to the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., the subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater party thereto, the lenders party thereto from time to time and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.31*
Resolute Forest Products Inc. Severance Policy – Chief Executive Officer and Direct Reports, effective as of August 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 filed August 9, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.32*
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan (previously named the AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan), effective as of December 9, 2010 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 filed November 9, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.33*
Resolute Forest Products Outside Director Deferred Compensation Plan (previously named the AbitibiBowater Inc. Outside Director Deferred Compensation Plan), effective as of April 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 filed November 9, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.34*
Summary of 2013 Resolute Forest Products Inc. Short-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 28, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.35*
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers of Resolute Forest Products Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.41 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed March 1, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.36*
AbiBow Canada Inc. and AbitibiBowater Inc. Security Protocol with respect to the AbitibiBowater 2010 Canadian DB Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan and the AbiBow Canada SERP, amended and restated effective April 1, 2012. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.41 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed March 1, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.37*
2013 Resolute Forest Products Inc. Short-Term Incentive Plan. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.38*
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Director Deferred Stock Unit Agreement. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.39*
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Director Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.40**
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement.
 
 
†10.41**
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement.
 
 
†10.42**
Offer Letter between André Piché and Resolute Forest Products Inc., dated February 4, 2014.
 
 
†10.43**
Offer Letter between Richard Tremblay and Resolute Forest Products Inc., dated February 4, 2014.
 
 
10.44**
Amendment No. 6, dated as of February 25, 2014, to ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among Resolute Forest Products Inc. (f/k/a AbitibiBowater Inc.)  the Subsidiaries of Resolute Forest Products Inc. parties thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent.
 
 
12.1**
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
 
 

126

Table of Contents

Exhibit No.
Description
18.1*
Letter From Independent Registered Accounting Firm Regarding Change in Accounting Policy. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 18.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 filed August 9, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
21.1**
Subsidiaries of the registrant.
 
 
23.1**
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
 
 
24.1**
Power of attorney for certain Directors of the registrant.
 
 
31.1**
Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
31.2**
Certification of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
32.1**
Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
32.2**
Certification of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
101.INS***
XBRL Instance Document.
 
 
101.SCH***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
 
101.CAL***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.LAB***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.PRE***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.DEF***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 
 
*
Previously filed and incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
This is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
 
 
**
Filed with this Form 10-K.
 
 
***
Interactive data files furnished with this Form 10-K, which represent the following materials from this Form 10-K formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and (vii) Schedule I – Resolute Forest Products Inc. Condensed Financial Statements and Notes. Pursuant to applicable securities laws and regulations, the Company is deemed to have complied with the reporting obligation relating to the submission of interactive data files in such exhibits and is not subject to liability under any anti-fraud provisions or other liability provisions of the federal securities laws as long as the Company has made a good faith attempt to comply with the submission requirements and promptly amends the interactive data files after becoming aware that the interactive data files fail to comply with the submission requirements. In addition, users of this data are advised that, pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and otherwise are not subject to liability under these sections.
 
 
(b)
The above-referenced exhibits are being filed with this Form 10-K.
 
 
(c)
None.


127

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.  
 
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
 
 
 
Date: March 3, 2014
By:
/s/ Richard Garneau
 
 
Richard Garneau
 
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.  
Signature
  
Title
 
Date
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Richard Garneau
  
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
March 3, 2014
Richard Garneau
  
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
/s/ Bradley P. Martin*
  
Chairman, Director
 
March 3, 2014
Bradley P. Martin
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
  
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
March 3, 2014
Jo-Ann Longworth
  
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
/s/ Silvana Travaglini
  
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
 
March 3, 2014
Silvana Travaglini
  
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
/s/ Michel P. Desbiens*
  
Director
 
March 3, 2014
Michel P. Desbiens
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Jennifer C. Dolan*
  
Director
 
March 3, 2014
Jennifer C. Dolan
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Richard D. Falconer*
  
Director
 
March 3, 2014
Richard D. Falconer
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Jeffrey A. Hearn*
  
Director
 
March 3, 2014
Jeffrey A. Hearn
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Alain Rhéaume*
  
Director
 
March 3, 2014
Alain Rhéaume
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Michael S. Rousseau*
  
Director
 
March 3, 2014
Michael S. Rousseau
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ David H. Wilkins*
  
Director
 
March 3, 2014
David H. Wilkins
  
 
 
 
* Jo-Ann Longworth, by signing her name hereto, does sign this document on behalf of the persons indicated above pursuant to powers of attorney duly executed by such persons that are filed herewith as Exhibit 24.1.
 
By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
 
Jo-Ann Longworth, Attorney-in-Fact

128

Table of Contents

Schedule I – RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES

Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Condensed Statements of Operations, (Deficit) Retained Earnings and Comprehensive Loss
(In millions)
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
   
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
$
18

 
$
18

 
$
27

 
Operating loss
 
(18
)
 
 
(18
)
 
 
(27
)
 
Interest expense
 
(89
)
 
 
(214
)
 
 
(216
)
 
Other (expense) income, net
 
(60
)
 
 
2

 
 
6

 
Equity in income of subsidiaries
 
(472
)
 
 
147

 
 
199

 
Loss before income taxes
 
(639
)
 
 
(83
)
 
 
(38
)
 
Income tax benefit
 

 
 
84

 
 
85

 
Net (loss) income
 
(639
)
 
 
1

 
 
47

 
Retained earnings as of beginning of year
 
47

 
 
47

 
 

 
Acquisition of Fibrek
 

 
 
(1
)
 
 

 
(Deficit) retained earnings as of end of year
$
(592
)
 
$
47

 
$
47

 
Comprehensive loss
$
(296
)
 
$
(318
)
 
$
(256
)
 
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

F-1

Table of Contents

Schedule I – RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES
Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Condensed Balance Sheets
(In millions)
 
   
December 31,
2013
December 31,
2012
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$

 
$
5

 
Note receivable from a subsidiary
 
13

 
 
41

 
Total current assets
 
13

 
 
46

 
Investment in and advances to subsidiaries
 
4,734

 
 
4,859

 
Other assets
 
8

 
 

 
Total assets
$
4,755

 
$
4,905

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities and equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
$
5

 
$
11

 
Accounts payable to subsidiaries
 
352

 
 
336

 
Notes and interest payable to subsidiaries
 
14

 
 
593

 
Total current liabilities
 
371

 
 
940

 
Long-term debt
 
595

 
 
528

 
Long-term debt due to subsidiaries
 
627

 
 

 
Total liabilities
 
1,593

 
 
1,468

 
Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
 

 
 

 
Additional paid-in capital
 
4,086

 
 
4,065

 
(Deficit) retained earnings
 
(592
)
 
 
47

 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(271
)
 
 
(614
)
 
Treasury stock
 
(61
)
 
 
(61
)
 
Total Resolute Forest Products Inc. equity
 
3,162

 
 
3,437

 
Total liabilities and equity
$
4,755

 
$
4,905

 
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

F-2


Schedule I – RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES
Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions)
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
   
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
Net cash used in operating activities
$
(5
)
 
$

 
$

 
Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Advances from affiliates
 

 
 
72

 
 

 
Net cash provided by investing activities
 

 
 
72

 
 

 
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issuance of long-term debt
 
594

 
 

 
 

 
Premium paid on extinguishment of debt
 
(84
)
 
 

 
 

 
Purchases of treasury stock
 

 
 
(67
)
 
 

 
Payments of debt
 
(501
)
 
 

 
 

 
Payments of financing and credit facility fees
 
(9
)
 
 

 
 

 
Net cash used in financing activities
 

 
 
(67
)
 
 

 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
(5
)
 
 
5

 
 

 
Cash and cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of year
 
5

 
 

 
 

 
End of year
$

 
$
5

 
$

 
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.
 

F-3

Table of Contents

Schedule I – RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES
Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements
Note A. Organization and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed financial statements, including the notes thereto, should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Resolute Forest Products Inc. included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K (“Consolidated Financial Statements”). When the term “Resolute Forest Products Inc.” (also referred to as “Resolute Forest Products,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is used, we mean Resolute Forest Products Inc., the parent company only. Resolute Forest Products Inc. is incorporated in Delaware and is a holding company whose only significant asset is an investment in the common stock of our subsidiaries.
All amounts are expressed in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise indicated. Defined terms in this Schedule I have the meanings ascribed to them in the Consolidated Financial Statements. In accordance with the guidance of FASB ASC 250, certain prior year amounts in our condensed financial statements have been adjusted due to our change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs, as discussed in Note 1, “Organization and Basis of Presentation - Change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 was as follows:
(In millions )
Before Accounting Policy Change
Adjustment
As
 Reported
Equity in income of subsidiaries
$
(474
)
 
$
2

 
$
(472
)
 
Loss before income taxes
 
(641
)
 
 
2

 
 
(639
)
 
Net loss
 
(641
)
 
 
2

 
 
(639
)
 
Comprehensive loss
 
(298
)
 
 
2

 
 
(296
)
 
The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2012 was as follows:
(In millions )
As Previously Reported
Adjustment
As
 Reported
Equity in income of subsidiaries
$
144

 
$
3

 
$
147

 
Loss before income taxes
 
(86
)
 
 
3

 
 
(83
)
 
Net (loss) income
 
(2
)
 
 
3

 
 
1

 
Comprehensive loss
 
(321
)
 
 
3

 
 
(318
)
 
The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 was as follows:
(In millions )
As Previously Reported
Adjustment
As
 Reported
Equity in income of subsidiaries
$
193

 
$
6

 
$
199

 
Loss before income taxes
 
(44
)
 
 
6

 
 
(38
)
 
Net income
 
41

 
 
6

 
 
47

 
Comprehensive loss
 
(262
)
 
 
6

 
 
(256
)
 

F-4

Table of Contents

Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements


The effect of the change in accounting policy on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was as follows:
  
December 31, 2013
December 31, 2012
(In millions)
Before Accounting Policy Change
Adjustment
As
Reported
As Previously Reported
Effect of Change
As
Adjusted
Investment in and advances to subsidiaries
$
4,723

 
$
11

 
$
4,734

 
$
4,850

 
$
9

 
$
4,859

 
(Deficit) retained earnings
 
(603
)
 
 
11

 
 
(592
)
 
 
38

 
 
9

 
 
47

 
As a result of the change, retained earnings as of December 31, 2011 increased by $6 million , while having no impact on our retained earnings as of December 31, 2010 .
Note B. Financing Arrangements
Senior notes
2023 Notes
On May 8, 2013, we issued $600 million aggregate principal amount of 2023 Notes pursuant to an indenture as of that date. Upon their issuance, the 2023 Notes were recorded at their fair value, which resulted in a discount, which is being amortized to interest expense using the interest method over the term of the notes. As of December 31, 2013 , the carrying value of the 2023 Notes was $595 million , which included the unamortized discount of $5 million . Interest on the notes was paid by Resolute FP US Inc. on our behalf (see Note C, “Transactions with Related Parties”). For a discussion of the 2023 Notes, see Note 13, “Long-Term Debt – 2023 Notes,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
2018 Notes
Our 2018 Notes had a maturity date of October 15, 2018. For a discussion of the 2018 Notes, see Note 13, “Long-Term Debt – 2018 Notes,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
On June 13, 2011, the first $100 million of net proceeds from the sale of our investment in ACH was used to redeem $94 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes at a redemption price of 105% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Additionally, on each of June 29, 2011, November 4, 2011 and October 10, 2012, $85 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes was redeemed at a redemption price of 103% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. As a result of these redemptions, in 2012 and 2011, we recorded net gains on extinguishment of debt of $2 million and $6 million , respectively, which were included in “ Other (expense) income, net ” in our Condensed Statements of Operations, (Deficit) Retained Earnings and Comprehensive Loss (“Statements of Operations”). These redemptions and all interest on the notes were paid by Resolute FP US Inc. on our behalf (see Note C, “Transactions with Related Parties”).
On May 8, 2013, we used the proceeds of the sale of the 2023 Notes to purchase $496 million aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes in connection with the tender offer and consent solicitation that expired on May 21, 2013. Aggregate consideration for the purchase was $584 million , including accrued and unpaid interest of $4 million . We then redeemed the remaining $5 million of principal amount of the 2018 Notes on October 8, 2013, at a redemption price of 103% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. As a result, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $59 million (net of $25 million write-down of unamortized premium) for the year ended December 31, 2013, which was included in “ Other (expense) income, net ” in our Statements of Operations.
The 2018 Notes were recorded at their fair value, which resulted in a premium, which was being amortized to interest expense using the interest method over the term of the notes. As of December 31, 2012, the carrying value of the 2018 Notes was $528 million , which included the unamortized premium of $27 million .
ABL Credit Facility
In 2010, we and the Borrowers entered into the ABL Credit Facility with a syndicate of lenders. The proceeds of the ABL Credit Facility can be used by us for, among other things, working capital, capital expenditures, permitted acquisitions and other general corporate purposes.

F-5

Table of Contents

Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements


On April 29, 2013, we entered into an Incremental Commitment Agreement (the “agreement”) with respect to the credit agreement that governs the ABL Credit Facility, increasing the aggregate amount of the ABL Credit Facility from $600 million to $665 million . The ABL Credit Facility, as so increased, matures on October 28, 2016 and provides for an asset-based, revolving credit facility with an aggregate lender commitment of up to $665 million at any time outstanding, subject to borrowing base availability, including a $60 million swingline sub-facility and a $200 million letter of credit sub-facility. The ABL Credit Facility includes a $465 million tranche available to the Borrowers and a $200 million tranche available solely to the U.S. Borrowers, in each case subject to the borrowing base availability of those Borrowers. The ABL Credit Facility also provides for an uncommitted incremental loan facility of up to $135 million , subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in the ABL Credit Facility. For a discussion of our ABL Credit Facility, see Note 13, “Long-Term Debt – ABL Credit Facility,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
On February 25, 2014, the ABL Credit Facility was amended. For additional information see Note 23, “Subsequent Events ,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Financial covenants
The 2023 Notes and the ABL Credit Facility impose restrictions on the ability of certain subsidiaries to transfer funds or other assets to us in the form of dividends or advances. These restrictions could affect our operations or our ability to pay dividends in the future.
Note C. Transactions with Related Parties
Note Receivable
On December 9, 2010, Resolute FP Canada Inc. entered into a promissory note payable to us in the amount of $250 million , bearing interest at the Applicable Federal Rate set forth by the Internal Revenue Service for obligations of this type, due on demand by us. Interest recorded on the note was less than $1 million in each of 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , and is included in “ Other (expense) income, net ” in our Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , the outstanding balance of the note and accrued interest on the note totaled $13 million and $41 million , respectively, and approximated fair value and was included in “Note receivable from a subsidiary” in our Condensed Balance Sheets.
Notes Payable
Long-term debt due to subsidiaries, including current portion and interest payable to subsidiaries, as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , was comprised of the following:
( In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
Total debt due to subsidiaries including accrued interest:
 
 
 
 
 
 
RFP US note
$
364

 
$
332

 
Donohue note
 
277

 
 
261

 
Total debt due to subsidiaries including accrued interest
 
641

 
 
593

 
Less: Current portion of long-term debt due to subsidiaries including accrued interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
RFP US note
 
(11
)
 
 
(332
)
 
Donohue note
 
(3
)
 
 
(261
)
 
Total
 
(14
)
 
 
(593
)
 
Long-term debt due to subsidiaries, net of current portion and accrued interest
$
627

 
$

 
Interest expense on notes payable to subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2013 , 2012 and 2011 was comprised of the following:
( In millions)
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
RFP US note
$
32

 
$
127

 
$
115

 
Donohue note
 
16

 
 
32

 
 
29

 
 
$
48

 
$
159

 
$
144

 

F-6

Table of Contents

Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements


In 2008, we contributed to Resolute FP US Inc. a promissory note due June 30, 2013, executed by us in favor of Resolute FP US Inc. in exchange for the ownership interest it held in one of its subsidiaries (“RFP US note”). On December 20, 2012, we completed a series of internal transactions with our subsidiaries, Resolute FP US Inc. and Resolute FP Canada Inc. These transactions involved cash transfers related to capital reductions, the issuance of intercompany notes, and the partial repayment of existing intercompany obligations. As a result of these transactions, we reduced both our obligation to Resolute FP US Inc. and our paid-in capital in Resolute FP Canada Inc. by $805 million . On June 30, 2013, we entered into an agreement to amend and restate our RFP US note. As amended, the amount of the promissory note was $353 million (decreased from $650 million ) with an interest rate of 6.5% (decreased from 12.5% ) due June 30, 2018. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , the fair value of the RFP US note approximated its carrying value.
In 2008, AbitibiBowater US Holding LLC (“Holding”), a subsidiary of ours, entered into a promissory note payable to Donohue due March 31, 2013 (the “Donohue note”). On the Emergence Date, we assumed, by merger with Holding, its obligations with respect to this promissory note. On March 28, 2013, we entered into an agreement to amend and restate our Donohue note. As amended, the amount of the promissory note was $270 million (increased from $139 million ) with an interest rate of 3.57% (decreased from 13.75% ) due March 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012 , the fair value of the Donohue note approximated its carrying value.
Equity
As a result of the contribution of capital from the noncontrolling interest and the subsequent acquisition of the noncontrolling interest of CNC, “Additional paid-in capital” increased by $14 million in 2013. For additional information, see Note 7, “Other (Expense) Income, Net ” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In connection with our acquisition of Fibrek, Resolute FP Canada Inc., paid us $43 million in 2012 in exchange for the 3.3 million shares of our common stock that were distributed to Fibrek’s shareholders as partial consideration for the Fibrek shares purchased by Resolute FP Canada Inc.
On May 22, 2012, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program of up to 10% of our common stock, for an aggregate purchase price of up to $100 million . In 2012, we repurchased 5,610,152 shares at a cost of $67 million . The repurchases of shares were funded by our subsidiaries ( $51 million from Resolute FP US Inc. and $16 million from Resolute FP Canada Inc.). We did not repurchase shares in 2013.
Other
Some of our subsidiaries provide certain corporate administrative services on our behalf and certain of our subsidiaries, including legal, finance, tax, risk management, IT, executive management, payroll and employee benefits. As such, these subsidiaries have charged us a portion of their general and administrative expenses, based on specific identification or on an appropriate allocation key (e.g., sales, purchases, headcount, etc.) determined by the type of expense or department. In 2013 , 2012 and 2011 , these subsidiaries charged us $17 million , $17 million and $23 million , respectively, for certain corporate administrative expenses, which were recorded in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in our Statements of Operations.
As discussed in Note B, “Financing Arrangements,” in 2012 and 2011, Resolute FP US Inc. paid on our behalf $85 million and $264 million , respectively, of principal amount of the 2018 Notes plus the redemption premiums (approximately $3 million and $10 million , respectively). Resolute FP US Inc. also paid all interest on the 2018 Notes in 2013 , 2012 and 2011 (approximately $29 million , $60 million and $85 million , respectively). Additionally, Resolute FP US Inc. paid on our behalf the interest on our 2023 Notes totaling $18 million .
In 2013, a valuation allowance was recorded on the net deferred income tax assets of the U.S. consolidated group. Accordingly, we recorded a valuation allowance on the current year deferred income tax assets generated. For more information see Note 15, “Income Taxes ” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In 2012 and 2011 , we recorded a tax benefit of $84 million and $85 million , respectively, which could be used to offset the future current income tax liability of our U.S. subsidiaries with which we file a consolidated U.S. income tax return; accordingly, we have recorded these amounts through intercompany.
We guarantee debt and other obligations of our subsidiaries with certain third parties. These guarantees are primarily to companies that provide energy required to operate certain facilities within our subsidiaries. Such obligations include the guarantee of payments owing by subsidiaries when due under various agreements to their respective counterparties. These guarantees would require payment from us only in the event of default on payment by the subsidiary. As of December 31, 2013

F-7

Table of Contents

Resolute Forest Products Inc.
(Parent Company Only)
Notes to Condensed Financial Statements


and 2012 , the maximum potential amount of future payments that we could be required to make under these guarantees was $35 million and $31 million , respectively. The guarantees have terms ranging from 10 to 90 days .
As part of the agreements that Resolute FP Canada Inc. entered into with the provinces of Québec and Ontario for funding relief with respect to aggregate solvency deficits in its material Canadian registered pension plans, Resolute FP Canada Inc. agreed to a number of undertakings, one of which is a restriction on the payment of dividends to us. For additional information, see Note 14, “Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans – Canadian pension funding,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

F-8

Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX
 
Exhibit No.
Description
 
 
2.1*
Share Purchase Agreement, dated December 10, 2012, among The Province of Nova Scotia, Bowater Canadian Limited, The Daily Herald Company and Resolute Forest Products Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 14, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
3.1*
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Resolute Forest Product Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Resolute Forest Product Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed March 1, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
3.2*
Third Amended and Restated By-laws of AbitibiBowater Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3(ii) to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Form 8-A filed on December 9, 2010).
 
 
4.1*
Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of May 12, 2011, among AbitibiBowater Inc., each of the guarantors from time to time party hereto, as guarantors, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee and as collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 filed May 16, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.2*
Form of 10.25% Senior Note due 2018 (included in Exhibit 4.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 filed May 16, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.3*
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 9, 2012, among AbitibiBowater Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.4*
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2012, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.5*
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 12, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.6*
Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 7, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.7*
Indenture, dated as of May 8, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
4.8*
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of May 8, 2013, among Resolute Forest Products Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as representative. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.1*
ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., Bowater Incorporated, Abitibi-Consolidated Corp., Abitibi-Consolidated Inc., Barclays Bank PLC, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 15, 2010, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.2*
Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 11, 2011, among AbiBow Canada Inc., Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec and CDP Investissements Inc., as vendors, and Infra H2O GP Partners Inc., Infra H2O LP Partners Inc. and BluEarth Renewables Inc., as the purchaser (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 17, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.3*
AbitibiBowater 2010 Canadian DB Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, effective as of December 9, 2010 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 


Table of Contents

Exhibit No.
Description
†10.4*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed January 7, 2011, SEC Registration No. 333-171602).
 
 
†10.5*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Director Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed January 7, 2011, SEC Registration No. 333-171602).
 
 
†10.6*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed January 7, 2011, SEC Registration No. 333-171602).
 
 
†10.7*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.13 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.8*
AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.14 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.9*
AbitibiBowater Executive Restricted Stock Unit Plan, effective as of April 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.13 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.10*
Employment Agreement between Yves Laflamme and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated February 14, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 18, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.11*
Offer Letter between Jo-Ann Longworth and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated July 25, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011 filed November 14, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.12*
Offer Letter between Pierre Laberge and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated June 9, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.35 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.13*
Director compensation program chart (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.36 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.14*
Retirement Compensation Trust Agreement (with Letter of Credit) between AbiBow Canada Inc. and AbitibiBowater Inc. and CIBC Mellon Trust Company, dated and effective as of November 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.39 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed February 29, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.15*
Agreement Concerning the Pulp and Paper Operations of AbiBow Canada in Ontario, dated November 10, 2010, between Bowater Canadian Forest Products Inc. and Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada and The Province of Ontario (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.32 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.16*
Agreement Concerning the Pulp and Paper Operations of AbiBow Canada in Quebec, dated September 13, 2010, between Bowater Canadian Forest Products Inc. and Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada and The Government of Quebec (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.33 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.17*
Amendment No. 1, dated as of April 28, 2011, to the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., the subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater party thereto, the lenders party thereto from time to time and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 filed May 16, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.18*
Amendment No. 2, dated October 28, 2011, to ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., AbiBow US Inc. (f/k/a Bowater Incorporated) and AbiBow Recycling LLC (f/k/a Abitibi-Consolidated Corp.) and AbiBow Canada Inc. (f/k/a Abitibi-Consolidated Inc.), and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 31, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.19*
Lock-up Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited, dated as of November 28, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 


Table of Contents

Exhibit No.
Description
10.20*
Lock-up Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Oakmont Capital Inc., dated as of November 28, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.21*
Lock-up Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Dalal Street, LLC, dated as of November 28, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.22*
Executive Employment Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated January 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.26 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.23*
Change in Control Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated January 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.27 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.24**
Executive Employment Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated February 26, 2014.
 
 
†10.25**
Change in Control Agreement between AbitibiBowater Inc. and Richard Garneau, dated February 26, 2014.
 
 
†10.26*
Employment Agreement between Alain Boivin and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated February 22, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.28 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.27*
Offer Letter between John Lafave and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated February 14, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.29 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed April 5, 2011, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.28*
Offer Letter between Jacques Vachon and AbitibiBowater Inc., dated March 19, 2012 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.29*
Resolute Forest Products DC Make-up Program, effective January 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
10.30*
Waiver and Amendment No. 3, dated as of March 21, 2012, under and to the ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Inc., the subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater party thereto, the lenders party thereto from time to time and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to AbitibiBowater Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 filed May 10, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.31*
Resolute Forest Products Inc. Severance Policy – Chief Executive Officer and Direct Reports, effective as of August 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2012 filed August 9, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.32*
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan (previously named the AbitibiBowater Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan), effective as of December 9, 2010 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 filed November 9, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.33*
Resolute Forest Products Outside Director Deferred Compensation Plan (previously named the AbitibiBowater Inc. Outside Director Deferred Compensation Plan), effective as of April 1, 2011 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012 filed November 9, 2012, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.34*
Summary of 2013 Resolute Forest Products Inc. Short-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 28, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.35*
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers of Resolute Forest Products Inc. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.41 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed March 1, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.36*
AbiBow Canada Inc. and AbitibiBowater Inc. Security Protocol with respect to the AbitibiBowater 2010 Canadian DB Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan and the AbiBow Canada SERP, amended and restated effective April 1, 2012. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.41 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 filed March 1, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 


Table of Contents

Exhibit No.
Description
†10.37*
2013 Resolute Forest Products Inc. Short-Term Incentive Plan. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.38*
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Director Deferred Stock Unit Agreement. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.39*
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Director Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 filed May 10, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
†10.40**
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement.
 
 
†10.41**
Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan Form of Employee Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement.
 
 
†10.42**
Offer Letter between André Piché and Resolute Forest Products Inc., dated February 4, 2014.
 
 
†10.43**
Offer Letter between Richard Tremblay and Resolute Forest Products Inc., dated February 4, 2014.
 
 
10.44**
Amendment No. 6, dated as of February 25, 2014, to ABL Credit Agreement, dated as of December 9, 2010, among Resolute Forest Products Inc. (f/k/a AbitibiBowater Inc.)  the Subsidiaries of Resolute Forest Products Inc. parties thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent.
 
 
12.1**
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
 
 
18.1*
Letter From Independent Registered Accounting Firm Regarding Change in Accounting Policy. (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 18.1 to Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 filed August 9, 2013, SEC File No. 001-33776).
 
 
21.1**
Subsidiaries of the registrant.
 
 
23.1**
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
 
 
24.1**
Power of attorney for certain Directors of the registrant.
 
 
31.1**
Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
31.2**
Certification of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
32.1**
Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
32.2**
Certification of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
 
101.INS***
XBRL Instance Document.
 
 
101.SCH***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
 
101.CAL***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.LAB***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.PRE***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
 
101.DEF***
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 
 


Table of Contents

*
Previously filed and incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
This is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
 
 
**
Filed with this Form 10-K.
 
 
***
Interactive data files furnished with this Form 10-K, which represent the following materials from this Form 10-K formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and (vii) Schedule I – Resolute Forest Products Inc. Condensed Financial Statements and Notes. Pursuant to applicable securities laws and regulations, the Company is deemed to have complied with the reporting obligation relating to the submission of interactive data files in such exhibits and is not subject to liability under any anti-fraud provisions or other liability provisions of the federal securities laws as long as the Company has made a good faith attempt to comply with the submission requirements and promptly amends the interactive data files after becoming aware that the interactive data files fail to comply with the submission requirements. In addition, users of this data are advised that, pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and otherwise are not subject to liability under these sections.
 
 
(b)
The above-referenced exhibits are being filed with this Form 10-K.
 
 
(c)
None.



EXHIBIT 10.24

AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (the “ Agreement ”) made as of the 26 day of February, 2014 (the “ Effective Date ”)
B E T W E E N:
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. ,
a corporation existing under the laws of Delaware
(hereinafter referred to as the “ Corporation ”),
- and -
RICHARD GARNEAU , of the City of Montréal,
in the Province of Québec,
(hereinafter referred to as the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS the Corporation and the Executive are currently parties to an Employment Agreement, dated January 1, 2011 (the “ Prior Employment Agreement ”), and desire to amend and restate the terms and conditions of the Prior Employment Agreement in their entirety to read as set forth herein;
WHEREAS the Corporation desires to continue the Executive’s employment in the capacity of President and Chief Executive Officer and to ensure the continued availability to the Corporation of the Executive’s services, and the Executive is willing to continue such employment and render such services; and
WHEREAS the Corporation and the Executive have agreed that the terms and conditions of such employment relationship shall henceforth be as set out herein;
NOW THEREFORE THIS AGREEMENT WITNESSES THAT in consideration of the respective covenants and agreements of the parties herein contained and for other good and valuable consideration (the receipt and sufficiency of which are acknowledged by each party), the parties covenant and agree as follows:
Article 1
INTERPRETATION
1.1
Defined Terms
For the purposes of this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms shall have the respective meanings set out below and grammatical variations of such terms shall have corresponding meanings:
Affiliate ” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Rule 12b‑2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as in effect on the date hereof;





Annual Base Salary ” has the meaning set out in Section 4.1;
Board ” means the board of directors of the Corporation;
Business Day ” means any day, other than a Saturday, Sunday or statutory holiday in the Province of Québec on which commercial banks in Montréal are open for business;
Cause ” has the meaning set out in Section 5.2;
Change in Control ” has the meaning ascribed thereto in the Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement being executed between the Executive and the Corporation in conjunction with this Agreement;
Common Shares ” means the outstanding common shares in the capital of the Corporation at any time;
Confidential Information ” has the meaning set out in Section 6.1;
Date of Termination ” means the effective date of any termination of the Executive’s employment with the Corporation;
Eligible Pay ” means Annual Base Salary as in effect at the Date of Termination and the lower of (i) the average of the last two (2) Incentive Awards earned by the Executive and (ii) 125% of the Executive’s target incentive (expressed in dollars) for the year in which the Date of Termination occurs;
Good Reason ” has the meaning ascribed thereto in the Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement;
HRC/NGC ” means the Human Resources and Compensation/Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board.
Improvements ” has the meaning set out in Section 6.2(a);
Incentive Award ” means the amount(s), if any, to which the Executive is entitled for the relevant period in question under a regular annual cash incentive plan or program of the Corporation established from time to time, and as may be amended or replaced from time to time, it being understood that other cash recognition, non-recurring or multi-year incentive awards shall not be considered as an Incentive Award for the purpose hereof;
Non-Disclosure Period ” has the meaning set out in Section 6.1;
Permanent Disability ” has the meaning set out in Section 5.3;
Person ” includes, without limitation, an individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, trust, firm, unincorporated organization or other legal or business entity;
Prohibited Area ” means the territorial limits of Canada, the United States, Mexico, Italy, the United Kingdom and South Korea;

-2-



Restricted Period ” means the period from January 1, 2011, the effective date of the Prior Employment Agreement, to (i) the Date of Termination in the event of termination of this Agreement by the Corporation without Cause or termination of this Agreement by the Executive for Good Reason pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control Agreement or (ii) the end of the ninth (9 th ) month following the Date of Termination in all other circumstances, except in the case of termination for Cause, in which case the Restricted Period shall end on the twelfth (12 th ) month following the Date of Termination;
Subsidiary ” has the meaning ascribed thereto in the Canada Business Corporations Act ;
Voting Shares ” means any securities of the Corporation ordinarily carrying the right to vote at elections of directors.
1.2
Rules of Construction
Except as may be otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement and unless the context otherwise requires, in this Agreement:
(a)
the terms “Agreement”, “this Agreement”, “the Agreement”, “hereto”, “hereof”, “herein”, “hereby”, “hereunder” and similar expressions refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof;
(b)
references to an “Article”, “Section”, “Schedule” or “Exhibit” followed by a number or letter refer to the specified Article or Section of or Schedule or Exhibit to this Agreement;
(c)
the division of this Agreement into articles and sections and the insertion of headings are for convenience of reference only and shall not affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement;
(d)
words importing the singular number only shall include the plural and vice versa and words importing the use of any gender shall include all genders;
(e)
the word “including” is deemed to mean “including without limitation”;
(f)
the terms “party” and “the parties” refer to a party or the parties to this Agreement;
(g)
any reference to a statute, regulation or rule shall be construed to be a reference thereto as the same may from time to time be amended, re-enacted or replaced, and any reference to a statute shall include any regulations or rules made thereunder; and
(h)
all dollar amounts refer to Canadian dollars unless expressly provided to the contrary.
1.3
Severability
If any provision of this Agreement, including the breadth or scope of the provisions contained in Article 6 (whether as to the Non-Disclosure Period, the Restricted Period, the Prohibited Area, or otherwise), shall be held by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions, or part thereof, of this Agreement and such remaining provisions, or part thereof, shall remain enforceable and binding.

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1.4
Prior Agreements
This Agreement cancels and replaces any prior agreements between the Executive and the Corporation, other than (i) the indemnification agreement executed by the Executive dated December 9, 2010 (the “ Indemnification Agreement ”) and (ii) the Director Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement executed by the Executive on January 9, 2011 (the “ Director Option Agreement ”), memorializing a grant under the LTIP of stock options approved by the Board on December 9, 2010 in respect of his service as an independent director of the Corporation. All options awarded pursuant to the Director Option Agreement will continue to vest in accordance with the terms thereof.
1.5
Related Plans, Policies and Agreements
In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between the provisions of this Agreement and any other plans, policies and agreements referred to herein, including without limitation any written annual short-term incentive plans or programs, the LTIP (as defined in Section 4.3) and any and all related award agreements to be entered into by the Corporation and the Executive from time to time (including the Director Option Agreement (as defined in Section 1.4)) and the Indemnification Agreement (as defined in Section 1.4) (all of which are collectively referred to as the “ Collateral Agreements ”), the provisions of the Collateral Agreements, as same may be amended from time to time by the Corporation, shall prevail, all of which shall be in the corporate records of the Corporation and available for review from time to time by the Executive. It is further acknowledged that in conjunction with this Agreement, the Executive and the Corporation are executing an Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement, the provisions of which shall govern all matters relating to the substance thereof notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary.
ARTICLE 2     
EMPLOYMENT
2.1
Employment
Before the Effective Date, the Corporation employed the Executive pursuant to the Prior Employment Agreement. The Corporation hereby agrees to continue to employ the Executive and the Executive hereby agrees to continue serving the Corporation in the capacity of President and Chief Executive Officer, effective as of the Effective Date, all in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions hereof.
2.2
Location of Executive
The Executive’s office will be located at the current offices of the Corporation at 111 Duke Street in Montréal, Québec, provided that the Corporation may subsequently require that the Executive relocate to such other corporate office of the Corporation in the general area of Montréal as may be determined by the Board from time to time. The Executive will furthermore be required to travel to other locations from time to time, including offices, production facilities, customers and suppliers of the Corporation or of its Affiliates.

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ARTICLE 3     
DUTIES
3.1
Employment Duties
The Executive shall perform such duties and exercise such powers as are normally associated with and incidental and ancillary to the position of President and Chief Executive Officer and shall perform such additional duties and exercise such additional powers as may from time to time be assigned to him by the Board, acting reasonably. Without limiting the foregoing, during the term of his employment hereunder, the Executive shall, to the best of his ability:
(a)
devote his full time and attention during normal business hours and such other times as may be reasonably required to the business and affairs of the Corporation and its Affiliates and shall not, without the prior written consent of the Board, undertake any other business or occupation or public office which may detract from the proper and timely performance of his duties hereunder;
(b)
perform diligently and faithfully those duties as are consistent with the position and status of President and Chief Executive Officer that may be assigned to the Executive from time to time;
(c)
promote the interests and goodwill of the Corporation and its Affiliates and not knowingly do, or willingly permit to be done, anything to the prejudice, loss or injury of the Corporation or any of its Affiliates; and
(d)
at all times keep the Corporation regularly informed (in writing if so requested) of his conduct of the business and affairs of the Corporation and provide such explanations of his conduct as the Board may require.
3.2
Board Membership
The Executive agrees to serve as a Director of the Corporation if elected, and further agrees to become a Director and/or Officer of the Corporation’s Subsidiaries or Affiliates as designated by the Corporation. Subject to approval of the Board, the Executive shall be permitted to serve as an outside director of one (1) public company that does not, directly or indirectly, compete with the Corporation and provided furthermore that no conflict of interest exists or would reasonably be expected to arise as a consequence thereof.
3.3
Reporting
The Executive shall report to the Board. The Executive shall report fully on the management and operations of the Corporation and shall advise to the best of his ability and in accordance with reasonable business standards on business matters that may arise from time to time during the term of this Agreement.

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ARTICLE 4     
COMPENSATION
4.1
Annual Base Salary
The annual base salary (“ Annual Base Salary ”) payable to the Executive for his services hereunder shall be $935,369.52, payable in equal semi-monthly instalments in arrears in accordance with the usual compensation practices of the Corporation from time to time.
The Annual Base Salary shall be subject to a periodic increase adjustment if as and when determined by the Board from time to time at its discretion.
4.2
Short-Term Incentive Plan
In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be eligible to participate in the short-term incentive plans that are adopted by the Corporation from time to time, pursuant to which the Executive will be eligible to receive discretionary Incentive Awards as approved by the Board and/or the HRC/NGC in accordance with the Corporation’s corporate governance processes as established and amended from time to time. Incentive Awards under such short‑term incentive plans adopted as aforesaid from time to time are discretionary and subject to modifications by the Board and/or the HRC/NGC, including increases, decreases, cancellation, deferral or other conditions as determined by the Board and/or HRC/NGC, at its or their discretion, even if and after performance levels have been met.
4.3
Long-Term Incentive Plan
The Executive will be eligible to participate in the long-term incentive plans adopted by the Corporation and in effect from time to time, including without limitation under the Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan, as may be amended, restated and/or renamed from time to time (the “ LTIP ”), and to receive grants thereunder as determined by the Board from time to time at its discretion.
4.4
Pension
The Executive shall be entitled to participate in the Corporation’s registered pension or defined contribution plans, as may be maintained by the Corporation from time to time for its non-unionized employees in Canada, and any other plans, programs or arrangements providing additional retirement benefits or other benefits in lieu of retirement benefits as may be maintained by the Corporation and made available to the Executive from time to time.
4.5
Fringe Benefits
During the term of the Executive’s employment hereunder, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all medical, dental, disability and group life plans and other employee benefit programs established by the Corporation from time to time for the benefit of its non-unionized employees in Canada. The benefits will be provided in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions of the applicable plan, program, fund or arrangement relating to such benefits in effect from time to time. The Executive acknowledges that the Corporation may amend or terminate the benefits from time to time as provided in the applicable plan, program, fund or arrangement. The Executive shall also be provided with a fully paid club membership at a private club in Montreal during the term of employment and, in addition, an annual perquisite allowance of $50,000 to cover all perquisites such as other club memberships, fiscal and financial advice and tax preparation by professionals selected by the Executive. The Corporation will provide for an

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annual medical examination at its expense for the Executive and his wife. In addition, the Executive shall be eligible to use any medical concierge service made available by the Corporation to members of its executive team.
4.6
Vacation
The Executive shall be entitled to five (5) weeks plus an additional three (3) “floating” or discretionary days of paid vacation in each calendar year in accordance with the policies of the Corporation in effect from time to time applicable to its senior executives, to be taken during such calendar year subject to the need for the timely performance of the Executive’s responsibilities hereunder. In the event that the Executive’s employment is terminated, he shall be entitled to a pro-rated vacation leave with pay for the portion of the year in which such termination occurs that he has been actively employed. It is the responsibility of the Executive to ensure that his vacation entitlement is taken in each calendar year, as there shall be no carry forward of vacation entitlement to a year other than for which it has accrued without the permission of the Board.
4.7
Expenses
The Executive shall be reimbursed for all reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses properly incurred by the Executive from time to time in connection with the carrying out of his duties hereunder in accordance with the Corporation’s travel and entertainment policy as amended from time to time. For all such expenses, the Executive shall furnish to the Corporation originals or true copies of all invoices or statements in respect of which the Executive seeks reimbursement. Any Corporation credit card shall be used only for expenses incurred in the course of carrying out the Executive’s duties.
4.8
Deductions and Withholdings
The Corporation shall be entitled to make such deductions and withholdings from the Executive’s remuneration as may be required by law and as may be required by the Executive’s participation in or receipt of any benefit, stock option or other program contemplated hereby, and the Corporation’s obligations in respect thereof shall thereby be satisfied to the extent of such deductions and withholdings.
4.9
Compensation Exhaustive
For greater certainty, the Executive shall not be entitled to any salary, bonus, participation in profits or other remuneration, or payment or compensation in lieu thereof, except as expressly set forth in this Agreement or as otherwise may be provided pursuant to any plan, program or arrangement as to which the Executive’s participation is approved by the Board and/or HRC/NGC from time to time.

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ARTICLE 5     
TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT
5.1
Term of Employment
The employment of the Executive hereunder shall continue for an indefinite period until it is terminated in accordance with the provisions of this Article 5.
5.2
Cause
The Corporation may terminate the employment of the Executive at any time for Cause, effective immediately, by giving written notice of termination to the Executive setting out the basis for termination. “ Cause ” shall mean any of the following:
(a)
the wilful failure of the Executive to carry out his duties hereunder, to comply in all material respects with the rules and policies of the Corporation or to follow any reasonable instruction or directive of the Board which is consistent with the Executive’s duties and responsibilities under this Agreement;
(b)
the Executive acting dishonestly or fraudulently in connection with the business of the Corporation, or the wilful gross misconduct of the Executive in the course of his employment hereunder, in each case resulting in adverse consequences to the Corporation or to any of its Affiliates;
(c)
if the Executive or his spouse or child under the age of majority makes any personal profit arising out of or in connection with any transaction to which the Corporation or any of its Affiliates is a party or with which the Corporation or any of its Affiliates is associated without making disclosure to and obtaining the prior written consent of the Board, or other material breach of the Executive’s fiduciary duties to the Corporation;
(d)
the conviction of the Executive for, or a guilty plea by the Executive to, any criminal offence punishable by imprisonment that may reasonably be considered to be likely to adversely affect the Corporation or any of its Affiliates or the suitability of the Executive to perform his duties hereunder, including without limitation any offence involving fraud, theft, embezzlement, forgery, wilful misappropriation of funds or property, or other fraudulent or dishonest acts;
(e)
any material breach of any provisions of this Agreement by the Executive;
(f)
misconduct on the part of the Executive that is materially detrimental to the business or financial position of the Corporation or to any of its Affiliates;
(g)
personal misconduct by the Executive which is of such a serious and substantial nature that it has or would injure the reputation of the Corporation or of any of its Affiliates;
(h)
the habitual inability by the Executive to carry out functions of his employment hereunder due to alcohol or drug related causes, provided that the Executive shall have been provided with written notice thereof at least thirty (30) days prior to the Date of Termination and shall have failed to remedy such alcohol or drug related causes during such period of time; or
(i)
any serious reason pursuant to Article 2094 of the Civil Code of Québec .

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For purposes of this provision, no act or omission on the part of the Executive shall be considered “wilful” unless it is done or omitted in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the act or omission was in the best interests of the Corporation. Any act or omission based upon a resolution duly adopted by the Board or advice of counsel for the Corporation shall be conclusively presumed to have been done or omitted in good faith and in the best interests of the Corporation. Cessation of employment of the Executive shall not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the Board at a meeting of the Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive and the Executive is given an opportunity to be heard before the Board) determining that the employment of the Executive is to be terminated for Cause.
5.3
Termination Where Executive Disabled
If at any time the Executive is unable to perform his duties properly because of ill health, accident or otherwise, for a period or periods totalling at least twenty-six (26) weeks in any period of twelve (12) consecutive calendar months (“ Permanent Disability ”), the Corporation may terminate the Executive’s employment in accordance with the applicable corporate practices of the Corporation in effect at the time the Executive becomes permanently disabled. The Executive shall submit to such reasonable medical examinations as may be requested by a doctor or other medical practitioner selected jointly by the Executive and the Corporation in order to determine whether the condition or conditions suffered by the Executive constitute Permanent Disability. In no event shall the Executive be considered to have a Permanent Disability for the purposes of this Agreement unless the Executive is deemed disabled and eligible for benefits pursuant to the Company’s long-term disability plan.
5.4
Death
The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically upon the death of the Executive.
5.5
Other Termination by the Corporation
The Corporation may terminate this Agreement (other than as provided in the foregoing provisions of this Article 5) at any time and for any reason if the Board, in its sole discretion, so determines, by giving three (3) months’ prior written notice of termination to the Executive.
5.6
Other Termination by the Executive
The Executive may terminate his employment at any time and for any reason by giving three (3) months’ prior notice in writing to the Corporation. For greater certainty, such notice shall not be required in respect of termination by the Executive for Good Reason pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control Agreement.
5.7
Cessation of Duties
The Corporation shall have the right, at any time prior to the end of the applicable notice period pursuant to Sections 5.5 or 5.6, notwithstanding the provisions of the relevant Section, by giving written notice to the Executive, to require that the Executive cease to perform his duties and responsibilities and cease attending the Corporation’s premises immediately upon giving such notice and in such event, the employment of the Executive hereunder shall terminate on the termination date stipulated in the written notice of termination, it being understood that the Executive shall continue to receive the employment benefits during the balance of such three (3) month period. A termination by the Executive pursuant to Section 5.6 shall remain as such even if the Corporation exercises its right hereunder.

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5.8
Severance Payments
The following severance pay provisions shall apply notwithstanding anything to the contrary in or inconsistent with the provisions of the Corporation’s Severance Policy — Chief Executive Officer and Direct Reports (“ Severance Policy ”):
(a)
Upon termination of the Executive’s employment (i) for Cause pursuant to Section 5.2, or (ii) voluntarily by the Executive pursuant to Section 5.6, the Executive shall not be entitled to any pay in lieu of notice of termination, severance or similar payment in respect of such termination other than (A) accrued and unpaid Annual Base Salary earned by the Executive up to the Date of Termination, (B) vacation pay earned up to the Date of Termination, (C) in the event of early termination by the Corporation of the notice period in Section 5.6, the portion of the Annual Base Salary that would have otherwise been payable during such notice period, and (D) any amount of or entitlement to Incentive Awards, other awards, pension benefits and other benefits in accordance with any then applicable plans and agreements. In addition, any unvested stock option, SAR, full value award (including, without limitation, unrestricted stock, restricted stock or restricted stock units, performance stock or performance stock units, and deferred stock or deferred stock units) in the Corporation held by the Executive under a long term incentive plan adopted by the Corporation from time to time shall vest and shall remain exercisable by the Executive subject to and in accordance with the relevant plan and award agreements.
(b)
Upon termination of the Executive’s employment (i) as a result of the Permanent Disability of the Executive pursuant to Section 5.3, or (ii) by the death of the Executive pursuant to Section 5.4, the Executive (or his estate, as the case may be) shall be entitled to receive (A) accrued and unpaid Annual Base Salary earned by the Executive up to the Date of Termination, (B) vacation pay earned up to the Date of Termination, and (C) any amount or entitlement to Incentive Awards, other awards, pension benefits and other benefits in accordance with any then applicable plans and agreements. In addition, any unvested stock option, SAR, full value award (including, without limitation, unrestricted stock, restricted stock or restricted stock units, performance stock or performance stock units, and deferred stock or deferred stock units) in the Corporation held by the Executive under a long term incentive plan adopted by the Corporation from time to time shall vest and shall remain exercisable by the Executive subject to and in accordance with the relevant plan and award agreements.
(c)
If the Executive’s employment is terminated pursuant to Section 5.5, other than within two years following a Change in Control (in which case the Change in Control Agreement shall govern and the Executive shall not be entitled to any payment pursuant to this Agreement), the Executive shall be entitled to receive:
(i)
accrued and unpaid Annual Base Salary earned by the Executive up to the Date of Termination;
(ii)
vacation pay earned up to the Date of Termination;
(iii)
subject to the Executive’s execution and non-revocation of a Waiver and Release Agreement acceptable to the Corporation, severance pay in a lump sum of an amount equal to six (6) weeks of Eligible Pay per year of continuous service, subject to a

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minimum of fifty-two (52) weeks and a maximum of one hundred-four (104) weeks, and pro-rated for partial years of service; and
(iv)
any amount or entitlement to Incentive Awards, other awards, pension benefits and other benefits in accordance with the relevant plans and agreements.
In addition, any unvested stock option, SAR, full value award (including, without limitation, unrestricted stock, restricted stock or restricted stock units, performance stock or performance stock units, and deferred stock or deferred stock units) in the Corporation held by Executive under a long term incentive plan adopted by the Corporation from time to time shall vest and shall remain exercisable by the Executive subject to and in accordance with the relevant plan and award agreements.
All amounts payable to the Executive as a result of the termination of the Executive’s employment pursuant to any statute, regulation or other provision of law are included in and are not in addition to the amounts payable pursuant to this Section 5.8. Amounts payable pursuant to Section 5.8(c)(i), (ii) and (iii) shall be paid on the tenth (10 th ) day following the effectiveness of the release described above; provided however that, if the sixtieth (60 th ) day following termination of employment falls in the subsequent calendar year, then the payment shall be the later of (i) the first (1 st ) business day of that subsequent year or (ii) the tenth (10 th ) day following the effectiveness of the release. For greater certainty, the Corporation agrees that payment of undisputed claims will not be delayed should there exist any disputed claims. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, any severance payable pursuant to Section 5.8(c)(iii) shall be void if the Executive does not sign the Waiver and Release Agreement within the timeframe set forth in the Waiver and Release Agreement.
5.9
Resignation on Termination
The Executive agrees that upon any termination of his employment with the Corporation he shall immediately tender his resignation from any position he may hold as an officer or director of the Corporation or any of its Affiliates. In the event of the Executive failing within three days to comply with his obligation hereunder, he hereby irrevocably authorizes and appoints any other director or officer of the Corporation as his agent and attorney to sign in his name and on his behalf any written resignations or other documents and do all other things necessary to give effect to such resignation.
5.10
Continuance in Effect
For greater certainty, notwithstanding any termination of the employment of the Executive, the provisions of this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with their terms, including, without limitation, (i) the provisions of Article 6, (ii) rights to indemnification and insurance under the Indemnification Agreement, Charter, By-Laws and directors’ and officers’ insurance policies maintained by the Corporation and (iii) rights to which the Executive is entitled by virtue of his participation in the employee benefits plans, policies and arrangements of the Corporation, all in accordance with the terms of the relevant plans and agreements.

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ARTICLE 6     
EXECUTIVE’S COVENANTS
6.1
Non-Disclosure
The Executive acknowledges and agrees that:
(j)
in the course of performing his duties and responsibilities hereunder, he will have access to and will be entrusted with detailed confidential information and trade secrets concerning past, present, future and contemplated company strategy, plans and activities (including acquisition plans and activities), products, services, operations, technology, intellectual property, methodologies and procedures of the Corporation or its Affiliates, whether in written, printed, pictorial, diagrammatic, electronic or any other form or medium, including, without limitation, information relating to names, addresses, contact persons, preferences, needs and requirements of past, present and prospective clients, customers, suppliers and employees of the Corporation and its Affiliates (collectively, “ Confidential Information ”), the disclosure of any of which to competitors of the Corporation or of any of its Affiliates or to the general public, or the use of any of which by the Executive or any competitor of the Corporation or of any of its Affiliates, could reasonably be expected to be detrimental to the interests of the Corporation and its Affiliates;
(k)
in the course of performing his duties and responsibilities hereunder, the Executive will be a representative of the Corporation and its Affiliates to its and their customers, clients and suppliers and as such will have significant responsibility for maintaining and enhancing the goodwill of the Corporation and its Affiliates with such customers, clients and suppliers and would not have, except by virtue of his employment with the Corporation, developed a close and direct relationship with the customers, clients and suppliers of the Corporation and its Affiliates; and
(l)
the right to maintain the confidentiality of the Confidential Information, the right to preserve the goodwill of the Corporation and its Affiliates and the right to the benefit of the contacts and connections previously developed by the Executive with prospective clients, customers and others and any relationships that will be developed between the Executive and the customers, clients and suppliers of the Corporation and its Affiliates by virtue of the Executive’s employment with the Corporation constitute proprietary rights of the Corporation and its Affiliates which the Corporation and its Affiliates are entitled to protect.
In accordance with the matters acknowledged and agreed to by the Executive above and in consideration of the payments and other benefits to be received by the Executive pursuant to this Agreement, the Executive hereby covenants and agrees with the Corporation that he will not, except with the specific prior written consent of the Board, either during the term of this Agreement or at any time within five (5) years thereafter (the “ Non-Disclosure Period ”), directly or indirectly, disclose to any person or in any way make use of (other than for the benefit of the Corporation or its Affiliates), in any manner, any of the Confidential Information, provided that such Confidential Information shall be deemed not to include information which is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of disclosure by the Executive.
6.2
Intellectual Property
(a)      The Executive shall disclose to the Corporation or one or more of its Affiliates, as the Board may direct, all ideas, suggestions, discoveries, inventions and improvements (collectively, the

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Improvements ”) which he may make solely, jointly or in common with other employees, during the term of his employment with the Corporation and which relate to the business activities of the Corporation or its Affiliates. Any Improvements coming within the scope of the business of the Corporation or of any of its Affiliates made and/or developed by the Executive while in the employ of the Corporation, whether or not conceived or made during regular working hours, or whether or not the Executive is specifically instructed to make or develop the same, shall be for the benefit of the Corporation and/or its Affiliates and shall be considered to have been made by virtue of this Agreement and shall immediately become the exclusive property of the Corporation and/or its Affiliates.
(b)      The Executive shall assign, set over and transfer to the Corporation or one or more of its Affiliates, as the Board may direct, his entire right, title and interest in and to any and all the Improvements and to all patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights (or applications therefor) which may be or have been filed and/or issued by or to him or on his behalf, and the Executive agrees to execute and deliver to the Corporation or any such Affiliate, any and all instruments necessary or desirable to accomplish the foregoing and, in addition, to do all lawful acts which may be necessary or desirable to assist the Corporation or any such Affiliate to obtain and enforce protection of the Improvements.
(c)      The Executive waives all moral rights in any Improvements and all work produced by the Executive during the term of this Agreement.
6.3
Non-Competition
The Executive represents and warrants that he is not subject to and will not bring any material that is subject to any non-competition, non-disclosure, discoveries and works or other agreements that would prevent or restrict him from rendering services to the Corporation pursuant to this Agreement. Executive further represents and warrants that his employment and use of any material he brings will not violate the rights of any third party, including without limitation, pursuant to any competition or non-solicitation agreement.
The Executive hereby agrees that he shall not (without the prior written consent of the Board which shall not be unreasonably withheld taking into account (i) the Executive’s career in the pulp and paper industry and (ii) his non-disclosure obligations under Section 6.1) during the Restricted Period and within the Prohibited Area whether on his own account or in conjunction with or on behalf of any other person, and whether as an employee, director, officer, shareholder, partner, principal, agent, or in any other capacity whatsoever other than as a consultant, in competition with the Corporation or any of its Affiliates, directly or indirectly, operate, manage, control, participate in, carry on, be employed by, be engaged in, perform services in respect of, be concerned with, be financially interested in or financially assist, or permit his name to be used in connection with the activities from time to time of the Corporation (the “ Restricted Business ”), including the manufacture, sale and/or dealing in newsprint, commercial printing and packaging papers, market pulp and wood products, as well as research into, development, production, manufacture, sale, supply, import, export or marketing of any product which is the same or similar to or competitive with any product researched, developed, produced, manufactured, sold, supplied, imported, exported or marketed by the Corporation or by any of its Affiliates in the context of the above described activities during the term of this Agreement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing restrictions, the Executive may acquire securities (i) of a class or series that is traded on any stock exchange or over the counter if such securities represent not more than two percent (2%) of the issued and outstanding securities of such class or series, (ii) of a mutual fund or other investment entity that invests in a portfolio the selection and management of which is not within the control

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of the investor, or (iii) held in a fully managed account where the Executive does not direct or influence in any manner the selection of any investment in such securities.
6.4
Non-Solicitation of Customers
The Executive hereby agrees that he shall not during the Restricted Period, whether on his own behalf or in conjunction with or on behalf of any other person, directly or indirectly, except on behalf of the Corporation or its Affiliates, solicit, assist in soliciting, accept, facilitate the acceptance of the business of any person (i) to whom the Corporation or its Affiliates has supplied goods or services at any time prior to the Date of Termination, or (ii) to whom the Corporation or any of its Affiliates has offered to supply goods or services prior to the Date of Termination, or (iii) to whom the Corporation or any of its Affiliates has provided details of the terms on which it would or might be willing to supply goods or services prior to the Date of Termination, or (iv) with whom the Corporation or any of its Affiliates has had any negotiations or discussions regarding the possible supply of goods or services prior to the Date of Termination.
6.5
Non-Solicitation of Employees
The Executive hereby agrees that he shall not during the Restricted Period, either on his own behalf or in conjunction with or on behalf of any other person, directly or indirectly, except on behalf of or with the prior written consent of the Corporation or its Affiliates, (a) induce or solicit any person who was employed by the Corporation or by any of its Affiliates to leave such employment; or (b) hire or accept into employment or otherwise engage or use the services of any person who was so employed within the immediately preceding six months. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the general advertisement of open positions, not targeted at any individual, shall not be a violation of this provision.
6.6
Non-interference with Suppliers
The Executive hereby agrees that he shall not during the Restricted Period, either on his own behalf or in conjunction with or on behalf of any other person, directly or indirectly, interfere, seek to interfere, induce and/or incite another person to interfere, or take steps to interfere with the continuance of supplies (or the terms relating to such supplies) from any suppliers who have been supplying products, materials or services to the Corporation or any of its Affiliates at any time during the term of this Agreement.
6.7
Applicability to Affiliates or Purchasers
The obligations undertaken by the Executive pursuant to this Article 6 may be enforced directly against the Executive by any Affiliate of the Corporation or any purchaser from the Corporation of all or any part of its business, to the extent applicable by their terms to such Affiliate or such purchased business, and shall, with respect to each Affiliate of the Corporation or such purchased business, constitute a separate and distinct covenant and the invalidity or unenforceability of any such covenant shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the covenant in favour of the Corporation or any other Affiliate of the Corporation or any such purchaser. If for any reason any of the obligations of the Executive pursuant to this Article 6 cannot be directly enforced by an Affiliate or purchaser as contemplated hereby, the Executive acknowledges that such obligations may be enforced by the Corporation on behalf of such Affiliate or purchaser, as the case may be.
6.8
Provisions in the Event of Breach
The Executive agrees that, in the event of any actual or threatened breach by the Executive of any of the covenants or agreements contained in this Article 6, without prejudice to any and all other rights and recourses of the Corporation, the Corporation shall have the right to enforce the terms and provisions

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thereof by means of compelling specific performance and/or by means of injunction (including, without limitation, provisional, interlocutory and permanent). In addition, and without restriction to the foregoing, in the event of a breach by the Executive of any of the covenants or agreements contained in this Article 6, any payments otherwise payable to the Executive as severance pay pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.8(c)(iii) hereof shall be deemed to have been forfeited in their entirety by the Executive and the running of the Non-Disclosure Period and Restricted Period shall be stayed and shall recommence upon the date the Executive ceases to be in breach thereof, whether voluntarily or by injunction.
6.9
Disclosure
During the term of this Agreement, the Executive shall promptly disclose to the Board full information concerning any interest, direct or indirect, of the Executive (whether as owner, shareholder, partner, lender or other investor, director, officer, employee, consultant or otherwise) or his spouse or child under the age of majority in any business which is reasonably known to the Executive to purchase or otherwise obtain services or products from, or to sell or otherwise provide services or products to the Corporation or to any of its Affiliates or to any of their respective suppliers or customers.
During the Non-Disclosure Period and the Restricted Period, the Executive shall inform any prospective employer of the existence of this Agreement and the obligations which it imposes upon the Executive under Sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6.
6.10
Merger Transactions
The Executive shall not, during the term of this Agreement and during the Restricted Period, solicit, initiate or encourage proposals or offers from, or provide information relating to the Corporation or any of its Affiliates to, any person in connection with or relating to any proposed acquisition or disposition of all or any material part of the issued and outstanding Common Shares or other securities of the Corporation or any of its Affiliates, or any proposed amalgamation, merger, sale of all or any material part of the assets of the Corporation or any of its Affiliates, take-over bid, reorganization, recapitalization, liquidation, winding-up, or other business combination or any similar transaction involving the Corporation or any of its Affiliates, without in each case the consent of the Board.
6.11
Consulting Services after Date of Termination
Notwithstanding the foregoing restrictions of this Article 6, the Executive may provide consulting services to any person after the date of termination and within the Prohibited Area subject to his obligations under Article 6 and provided furthermore that the Executive shall not become an employee of or enter into an employment agreement with a Restricted Business relating to the Prohibited Area during the Restricted Period.
6.12
Return of Materials
All files, forms, brochures, books, materials, written correspondence, memoranda, documents, manuals, computer disks, software products and lists (including financial and other information and lists of customers, suppliers, products and prices) pertaining to the Corporation or to any of its Affiliates and containing Confidential Information which may come into the possession or control of the Executive shall at all times remain the property of the Corporation or such Affiliate, as the case may be. Upon termination of the Executive’s employment hereunder for any reason, the Executive agrees to immediately return all such property of the Corporation or of any of its Affiliates in the possession of the Executive or directly or indirectly under the control of the Executive and to destroy all electronic copies thereof. The Executive agrees not to

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make, for his personal or business use or that of any other person, reproductions or copies of any such property or other property of the Corporation or of any of its Affiliates.
ARTICLE 7     
GENERAL
7.1
Reasonableness of Restrictions and Covenants
The Executive hereby confirms and agrees that the covenants and restrictions pertaining to the Executive contained in this Agreement, including, without limitation, those contained in Article 6, are reasonable and valid and hereby further acknowledges and agrees that the Corporation and its Affiliates would suffer irreparable injury in the event of any breach by the Executive of his obligations under any such covenant or restriction. Accordingly, the Executive hereby acknowledges and agrees that damages would be an inadequate remedy at law in connection with any such breach and that the Corporation and its Affiliates shall therefore be entitled, in addition to any other right or remedy which they may have at law, in equity or otherwise, to temporary and permanent injunctive relief enjoining and restraining the Executive from any such breach.
7.2
Amendments and Waivers
No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall be binding on any party unless consented to in writing by such party. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall constitute a waiver of any other provision, nor shall any waiver of any provision of this Agreement constitute a continuing waiver unless otherwise expressly provided.
7.3
Successors and Assigns
This Agreement shall enure to the benefit of and shall be binding on and enforceable by and against the heirs, executors, administrators and legal personal representatives of the Executive and the successors and permitted assigns of the Corporation. This Agreement is personal to the Executive and none of his rights may be assigned, made subject to a security interest or otherwise disposed of or encumbered, nor may any of his obligations be delegated or transferred, except as permitted in writing by the Board, or in accordance with the written policies, governance procedures and management practices of the Corporation, if any, as approved by the Board from time to time.
7.4
Notices
(a)      Any notice or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered or sent in person, by courier, by registered mail, charges prepaid, or by fax in the case of the Corporation and by electronic mail in the case of the Executive, addressed as follows:
(i)
If to the Executive:
111, Vinet Street, Apt. 604
Montréal, Québec H3J 2W2
Email: rgar1234@gmail.com
(ii)
If to the Corporation:
Resolute Forest Products Inc.

111 Duke Street

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Suite 5000
Montréal, Québec H3C 2M1
Attention:    Chief Legal Officer
Fax number:    514-394-3644
(b)      Any such notice or other communication shall be deemed to have been given and received on the day on which it was delivered or transmitted (or, if such day is not a Business Day or if delivery or transmission is made on a Business Day after 5:00 p.m. at the place of receipt, then on the next following Business Day) or, if mailed, on the third (3 rd ) Business Day following the date of mailing; provided, however, that if at the time of mailing or within three (3) Business Days thereafter there is or occurs a labour dispute or other event which might reasonably be expected to disrupt the delivery of documents by mail, any notice or other communication hereunder shall be delivered or transmitted by any aforesaid permitted means of communication.
(c)      Any party may at any time change its address for service from time to time by giving notice to the other parties in accordance with this Section 7.4.
7.5
Entire Agreement
This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, negotiations and discussions, whether written or oral. There are no conditions, covenants, agreements, representations, warranties or other provisions, express or implied, collateral, statutory or otherwise, relating to the subject matter hereof except as provided herein. This agreement supersedes the prior employment agreement in its entirety.
7.6
Rules and Policies
In addition to this Agreement, all written rules and policies of the Corporation adopted by the Board from time to time apply to the Executive except to the extent that they are inconsistent with the express provisions of this Agreement, in which case such provisions will prevail.
7.7
Governing Law
This Agreement shall be interpreted and enforced in accordance with, and the respective rights and obligations of the parties shall be governed by, the laws of the Province of Quebec and the federal laws of Canada applicable in that province, without regard to the principles of conflict of laws.
7.8
Ack n owledgements
The Executive acknowledges that:
(a)
the Executive has had sufficient time to review and consider this Agreement thoroughly;
(b)
the Executive has read and understands the terms of this Agreement and the Executive’s obligations hereunder;
(c)
the Executive has been given an opportunity to obtain independent legal advice, or such other advice as the Executive may desire, concerning the interpretation and effect of this Agreement; and

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(d)
this Agreement is entered into voluntarily and without any pressure.
7.9
Counterparts
This Agreement and all documents contemplated by or delivered under or in connection with this Agreement may be executed and delivered in any number of counterparts, with the same effect as if all parties had signed and delivered the same document, and all counterparts shall be construed together to be an original and will constitute one and the same agreement.
7.10
Language
The parties have requested that this Agreement be drawn up in the English Language. Les parties ont demandé que ce contrat soit rédigé en anglais .
IN WITNESS WHEREOF this Agreement has been executed by the parties as of the date first above written.
 
 
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODCUTS INC.


By
/s/ Michael S. Rousseau
 
 
Michael S. Rousseau
 
Chair of the Human Resources and Compensation/Nominating and Governance Committee


THE EXECUTIVE


 
By:
/s/ Richard Garneau
 
Richard Garneau



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EXHIBIT 10.25
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE IN CONTROL AGREEMENT
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT , made as of the 26 day of February 2014, by and between Resolute Forest Products Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”), and Richard Garneau (the “Executive”).
WHEREAS , the Executive is the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation; and
WHEREAS the Corporation and the Executive have entered into an Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement as of the 26 day of February 2014 setting forth the terms of the Executive’s employment (the “Employment Agreement”); and
WHEREAS , the Executive is considered by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board”) to be a valued member of management of the Corporation who has outstanding skills and abilities and an extensive background in the Corporation’s business; and
WHEREAS , the uncertainty attendant to a Change in Control of the Corporation may result in the departure or distraction of management personnel, including the Executive, to the detriment of the Corporation; and
WHEREAS , the Board has determined that appropriate steps should be taken to reinforce and encourage the continued attention and dedication of members of the Corporation’s management, including the Executive, to their assigned duties in the event of a Change in Control of the Corporation; and
WHEREAS , the Corporation and the Executive are currently parties to a Change in Control Agreement, dated January 1, 2011 (the “ Prior Change in Control Agreement”) , and desire to amend and restate the terms of the Prior Change in Control Agreement in their entirety to read as set forth herein;
WHEREAS, this Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement is entered into as part of the Executive’s compensation as provided in the Employment Agreement and to maintain or increase the profitability of the Corporation; and
WHEREAS except where otherwise provided herein, defined terms as used herein have the meanings set forth in the Employment Agreement.
NOW THEREFORE , in consideration of the foregoing and other good and valuable consideration, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS
The following terms shall have the meanings assigned to them below:
(a)
“Base Amount” shall mean the Executive’s Annual Base Salary at the rate in effect on the Termination Date.
(b)
“Beneficial Owner” of securities shall mean (i) a Person who beneficially owns such securities, directly or indirectly, or (ii) a Person who has the right to acquire such securities (whether



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such right is exercisable immediately or only with the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants, options or otherwise.
(c)
“Incentive Amount” shall mean an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the average of the last two Incentive Awards earned by the Executive prior to the Termination Date, or (ii) 125% of the Executive’s target incentive (expressed in dollars) for the year in which the Termination Date occurs.
(d)
“Change in Control” means any of the following:
(i)
the acquisition, directly or indirectly and by any means whatsoever, by any person, or by a group of persons acting jointly or in concert, of that number of Voting Shares which is equal to or greater than 50% of the total issued and outstanding Voting Shares immediately after such acquisition;
(ii)
the election or appointment by any holder of Voting Shares, or by any group of holders of Voting Shares acting jointly or in concert, of a number of members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation equal to or greater than one half (50%) of the members of the Board of Directors;
(iii)
any transaction or series of transactions, whether by way of reconstruction, reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger, transfer, sale or otherwise, whereby assets of the Corporation become the property of any other person (other than a subsidiary of the Corporation) if such assets which become the property of any other person have a fair market value (net of the fair market value of any then existing liabilities of the Corporation assumed by such other person as part of the same transaction) equal to 50% or more of the Market Capitalization of the Corporation immediately before such transaction; or
(iv)
the completion of any transaction or the first of a series of transactions which would have the same or similar effect as any transaction or series of transactions referred to in paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) above.
(e)
“Disability” shall mean a physical or mental condition that is defined as a disability in the Corporation’s long term disability insurance plan covering the Executive immediately prior to the Change in Control.
(f)
“Employer Contributions” shall mean an amount equal to the maximum contributions the Corporation could have made (regardless of actual circumstances) on the Executive’s behalf under the Corporation’s defined contribution plan for non-unionized employees and Resolute Forest Products DC Make-up Program for the fiscal year in which the Executive’s Termination Date occurs.
(g)
“Good Reason” shall mean:
(i)
a material change in the Executive’s status, title, position or responsibilities (including in reporting line relationships) that represents a substantial adverse change from the Executive’s status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect immediately preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time within twenty-four (24) months thereafter;



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the assignment to the Executive of any duties or responsibilities that are materially inconsistent with the Executive’s status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect immediately preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time within twenty-four (24) months thereafter; or any removal of the Executive from or failure to reappoint or reelect the Executive to any material office or position held immediately preceding the date of a Change in Control; or at any time within twenty-four (24) months thereafter.
(ii)
a material reduction in compensation and benefits, in the aggregate, (in terms of benefit levels and/or reward opportunities which opportunities will be evaluated in light of the performance requirements therefor) to those provided for under the employee compensation and benefit plans, programs and practices in which the Executive was participating immediately preceding the date of the Change in Control or at any time within twenty-four (24) months thereafter;
(iii)
a material reduction of the Executive’s Annual Base Salary as in effect immediately preceding the date of the Change in Control or any time within twenty-four (24) months thereafter;
(iv)
a failure by the Corporation to obtain from any Successor its assent to this Agreement contemplated by Section 10 hereof; or
(v)
a material change in the geographic location at which the Executive is to perform services on behalf of the Corporation from the location immediately prior to the Change in Control.
(h)
“Market Capitalization of the Corporation” at any time means the product of (i) the number of outstanding Common Shares of the Corporation at that time, and (ii) the average of the closing prices for the Common Shares of the Corporation on the principal securities exchange (in terms of volume of trading) on which the Common Shares of the Corporation are listed at that time for each of the last 10 business days prior to such time on which the Common Shares of the Corporation traded on such securities exchange.
(i)
“Notice of Termination” shall mean a notice sent by either the Executive or the Corporation to the other party terminating the Executive’s employment as of a certain date and setting forth the reasons therefor.
(j)
“Successor” shall mean the direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise, to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Corporation.
(k)
“Termination Date” shall mean (i) in the case of the Executive’s death, the date of death, (ii) in the case of a termination by the Executive in accordance with Section 3, the last day of employment as set forth in the Notice of Termination given by the Executive, (iii) in the case of a termination by the Corporation for Cause, a date not less than thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice of Termination by the Executive, (iv) in the case of a termination by the Corporation due to the Executive’s Disability, the date not less than thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice of Termination by the Executive, provided that the Executive shall not have returned to the full-time performance of duties within thirty (30) days after such receipt, and (v) in all other cases, the date specified in the Notice of Termination or if no Notice of



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Termination is sent, the last day of the Executive’s active employment (an Executive receiving periodic severance pay is no longer considered employed for the purposes of this Agreement).
2.      TERM OF AGREEMENT
This Agreement shall commence as of the date hereof and terminate on the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the date of death of the Executive; (ii) voluntary resignation by the Executive from the Corporation otherwise than in response to a Good Reason; (iii) the giving of notice by the Corporation in the event of Disability; (iv) termination for Cause; (v) termination of employment of the Executive at any time when there has been no Change in Control or more than two years after the immediately preceding Change in Control; (vi) termination of this Agreement by the Corporation in accordance with Section 12 or (vii) satisfaction by the Corporation of its obligations under Section 4 of this Agreement in the event of termination of the Executive in the circumstances contemplated by Section 4. The specific date of termination shall be as set forth in the definition of Termination Date.
For greater certainty, Section 4 applies with respect to each separate Change in Control until the Agreement has been terminated. In addition, with respect to a particular Change in Control, Section 4 expires twenty-four (24) months following such Change in Control unless this Agreement is otherwise terminated.
3.      EXECUTIVE’S RIGHT OF TERMINATION
After a Change in Control and for twenty-four (24) months thereafter, the Executive shall have the right to terminate employment for Good Reason as set forth below. If the Executive’s employment is terminated in accordance with the provision of this Section 3, the Executive shall be entitled to the compensation and benefits described in Section 4 below. In order to resign for Good Reason, the Executive must notify the Corporation in writing not more than thirty (30) days after the occurrence of one or more events asserted to constitute Good Reason, describing such event or events in reasonable detail (a “Good Reason Notice”). If the Corporation fails to cure all events identified in the Good Reason Notice within thirty (30) days after receiving the Good Reason Notice by restoring the Executive to the position he would have been in had the event not occurred (including payment of any lost compensation or benefits), the Executive may resign for Good Reason by submitting a Notice of Termination not more than one hundred eighty (180) days after the end of such thirty (30) day period. For avoidance of doubt, the failure of the Executive to notify the Corporation of an event constituting Good Reason, or to resign as a result of such event having occurred and not having been cured, shall not constitute a waiver of any of the Executive’s other rights with respect to such event, including without limitation the right to maintain an action for breach of contract, or preclude the Executive from resigning for Good Reason upon the subsequent occurrence of any of the events described above, including an event of the same type.
4.      COMPENSATION UPON CHANGE IN CONTROL FOLLOWED BY CERTAIN TERMINATIONS
If the Executive’s employment with the Corporation shall be terminated within twenty-four (24) months following a Change in Control (i) by the Corporation for any reason other than for Cause or Disability, or (ii) by the Executive for Good Reason pursuant to Section 3 (each, a “Qualifying Termination”), the Executive shall be entitled to the compensation and benefits set forth in this Section 4. If either a Notice of Termination is given by the Corporation, or an event constituting the basis for the Executive’s resignation for Good Reason occurs (and is not subsequently cured within thirty (30) days as described above) prior to the end of such twenty-four (24) month period, the Executive’s termination shall be considered to have terminated within such twenty-four (24) month period regardless of the actual Termination Date.



- 5 -

If a Qualifying Termination occurs, the Executive shall be entitled to the following as of the applicable Termination Date:
(a)
A single lump sum, paid as soon as practicable, but in no event later than sixty (60) days after the Executive’s Termination Date, equal to the sum of the following less applicable withholding taxes:
(v)
an amount equal to the Base Amount multiplied by three;
(vi)
an amount equal to the Incentive Amount multiplied by three;
(vii)
an amount equal to the Employer Contributions multiplied by three; and
(viii)
a cash payment of $20,000 in lieu of individual outplacement services.
The payment of severance hereunder is intended to meet the short-term deferral exception under Section 409A of the US Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and shall be interpreted and administered consistent with this intent, to the extent applicable.
(b)
As of the Executive’s Termination Date, the Executive (and the Executive’s spouse or surviving spouse and dependents) will be provided health care (including medical, prescription drug and dental) and life insurance coverage provided by the Corporation to executives as of the date of the Change in Control for the earlier of thirty-six (36) months after the Termination Date or the date on which the Executive is covered by a subsequent employers’ health care and life insurance programs. The amount of premiums that the Executive is required to pay for such coverage shall not exceed the amount paid by executives who are active employees on the Termination Date and thereafter. If and to the extent that the benefits described in this paragraph cannot be provided under the Corporation’s plans or programs, the lump sum payment described in subsection (a) shall be increased by an amount calculated so that the amount of such payment, after payment of all applicable income taxes, equals the present value of the difference between the full premium cost without employer subsidy of the lost benefits and the amount of premium the Executive would have been required to pay.
5.      EQUITY AWARDS
Notwithstanding anything in the applicable equity plan or any award agreement to the contrary, if, upon a Change in Control, the Executive holds options for the purchase of shares, or restricted shares or restricted share units (“Equity Awards”), all Equity Awards so held shall, unless the Executive breaches the terms of Article 6 of the Employment Agreement (as qualified by Section 14 of this Agreement in the event of a Qualifying Termination), (i) immediately vest to the extent they have not already vested at such date and (ii) continue to be held, in all cases, notwithstanding the terms of the Equity Award plans, on the same terms and conditions as if the Executive continued to be employed by the Corporation.
6.      DISABILITY
In the event of Disability of the Executive, the Agreement may be terminated by the Corporation on thirty days’ notice. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 6, the Executive shall be entitled to all benefits provided under any disability and pension plans of the Corporation applicable to the Executive at the date of Disability.



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7.      NO MITIGATION REQUIRED
The Executive shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in this Agreement, nor shall any payment or benefit provided for in this Agreement be offset by any compensation earned by the Executive as the result of employment by another employer, by retirement benefits, or otherwise.
8.      EXECUTIVE’S EXPENSES
The Corporation shall pay or reimburse the Executive for all costs, including reasonable attorney’s, accountants’ and actuary’s fees and expenses, incurred by the Executive (i) to confirm the Executive’s rights to and amounts of payments hereunder, (ii) to contest or dispute any termination of the Executive’s employment following a Change in Control or seek to obtain or enforce any right or benefit provided by this Agreement in litigation or arbitration, or (iii) in connection with any audit by a taxing authority related to any payment or benefit hereunder, or any subsequent contest or litigation relating to the tax treatment of such payment or benefit. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive does not prevail in a lawsuit or arbitration pertaining to this Agreement, the Executive shall repay to the Corporation all fees and expenses relating to such proceeding that have been previously paid by the Corporation.
9.      CODE SECTION 280G
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if the aggregate amount of the benefits and payments under this Agreement, and other payments and benefits which the Executive has the right to receive from the Corporation (including the value of any equity rights which become vested upon a Change in Control) (the “Total Payments”) would constitute a “parachute payment” as defined in Section 280G of the US Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, such that the Executive would be subject to the excise tax under Code Section 4999 of the Code, then the Accounting Firm (defined below in this Section 9) shall determine which of the following has a greater aggregate value for the Executive, which greater value shall be paid to the Executive:
(a)
The after-tax amount that would be retained by the Executive (after taking into account all required income taxes payable by the Executive and the amount of any excise taxes that would be payable by the Executive under Code Section 4999 (the “Excise Taxes”)) if the Executive were to receive the Total Payments, or
(b)
The after-tax amount that would be retained by the Executive (after taking into account all federal, state and local income taxes payable by the Executive) if the Executive were to receive the Total Payments reduced to the largest amount that would result in no portion of the Total Payments being subject to Excise Taxes (the “Reduced Payments”).
If the Total Payments are payable to the Executive, the Corporation shall not reimburse the Executive for any Excise Taxes imposed on the Executive or provide any such other compensation (whether through a tax gross-up or otherwise) to mitigate the effects of the Excise Taxes. If the Executive is to receive Reduced Payments, the Total Payments payable will be reduced or eliminated in the following order: (1) cash payments, (2) taxable benefits, (3) nontaxable benefits and (4) accelerated vesting of equity awards.
The determination of whether the Executive will receive the Total Payments or the Reduced Payments, and the calculation of the amount of the Reduced Payments, if applicable, shall be performed by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm selected by the Corporation (the “Accounting Firm”). In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, the Corporation may appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make



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the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Corporation.
10.      BINDING AGREEMENT
This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive, and the Executive’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Corporation, its Successors and assigns. The Corporation shall require any Successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in accordance with its terms. The Corporation shall obtain such assumption and agreement prior to the effectiveness of any such succession.
11.      SOLE SEVERANCE; OTHER BENEFITS
If the Executive receives the payments and benefits due under Section 4, such payments and benefits shall be in lieu of any other severance amounts to which the Executive may be entitled under any other severance arrangement, including under any employment agreement, severance pay plan, or applicable legislation entitling the Executive to severance benefits. For greater certainty, the payments under Section 4 are in satisfaction of the Executive’s entitlement to a retiring allowance. However, the parties acknowledge that the benefits paid hereunder are only exclusive as to other severance payments and that the Executive may be entitled to other benefits or payments triggered by a Change in Control under certain other of the Corporation’s benefit or compensation arrangements, including, without limitation, any long term incentive plans or equity incentive award plans.
12.      AMENDMENTS; WAIVERS
Except as otherwise provided below, no provision of this Agreement may be modified, waived or discharged, except in a writing specifically referring to such provision and signed by the party against which enforcement of such modification, waiver or discharge is sought. No waiver by either party hereto of the breach of any condition or provision of this Agreement shall be deemed a waiver of any other condition or provision at the same or any other time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board or a committee thereof may amend (or terminate) this Agreement if (a) the Board or such committee reasonably and in good faith determines that such amendment is necessary either (i) to comply with the requirements of any law or regulation applicable to the Corporation or (ii) to conform the Agreement to prevailing corporate practices for companies comparable to the Corporation, provided any such amendment or termination is not adopted less than ninety (90) days prior to or after a Change in Control, (b) the same amendment is made to all other Change in Control Agreements between the Corporation and similarly situated executives, and (c) the Executive is notified in writing of the amendment and the reason for its adoption not more than thirty (30) days after it is adopted.
13.      VALIDITY
The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.
14.      CONTINUANCE IN EFFECT
In the event of a Qualifying Termination, the Executive’s covenants pursuant to Sections 6.3 (Non-Competition), 6.4 (Non-Solicitation of Customers), 6.5 (Non-Solicitation of Employees), 6.6 (Non-Interference with Suppliers) and 6.10 (Merger Transactions) of the Employment Agreement shall extinguish on the Date of Termination. Except as expressly provided for in the preceding sentence and for greater



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certainty, notwithstanding any Termination of the Executive, the provisions of the Employment Agreement shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with their terms, including, without limitation, (i) the provisions of Article 6, (ii) rights to indemnification and insurance under the Indemnification Agreement, Charter, By-Laws and directors’ and officers’ insurance policies maintained by the Corporation and (iii) rights to which the Executive is entitled by virtue of his participation in the employee benefits plans, policies and arrangements of the Corporation, all in accordance with the terms of the relevant plans and agreements.
15.     GENERAL
The provisions of Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9 and 7.10 of the Employment Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference as if herein recited at length.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the day and year first above written.
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
 
THE EXECUTIVE
Per:
/s/ Michael S. Rousseau
 
Per:
/s/ Richard Garneau
 
Michael S. Rousseau
 
 
Richard Garneau
 
Chair of the Human Resources and Compensation/Nominating and Governance Committee
 
 
 




EXHIBIT 10.40
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AGREEMENT
THIS RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AGREEMENT, dated as of MONTH DAY, YEAR (the “ Date of Grant ”) is made by and between Resolute Forest Products Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and «FIRST» «LAST»(“ Participant ”).
WHEREAS, the Company has adopted the Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”), pursuant to which restricted stock units may be granted in respect of shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“ Stock ”); and
WHEREAS, the Human Resources and Compensation and Nominating and Governance Committee of the Company (the “ Committee ”) has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to grant the restricted stock unit award provided for herein to Participant subject to the terms set forth herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the premises and the covenants of the parties contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, for themselves, their successors and assigns, hereby agree as follows:
1. Grant of Restricted Stock Unit .
(a)     Grant . The Company hereby grants to Participant «RSUs» restricted stock units (the “ RSUs ”), on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and as otherwise provided in the Plan (the "Initial Grant"). Each RSU represents the right to receive one share of Stock as of the Settlement Date (defined in Section 2(b)), to the extent the Participant is vested in such RSUs as of the Settlement Date, subject to the terms of this Agreement and the Plan.
(b)     Incorporation by Reference, Etc. The provisions of the Plan are hereby incorporated herein by reference. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, this Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the provisions of the Plan and any interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations promulgated by the Committee from time to time pursuant to the Plan. Any capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the definitions set forth in the Plan. The Committee shall have final authority to interpret and construe the Plan and this Agreement and to make any and all determinations under them, and its decision shall be binding and conclusive upon Participant and his legal representative in respect of any questions arising under the Plan or this Agreement.
(c)     Acceptance of Agreement . Unless Participant notifies the Company in writing within 14 days after the Date of Grant that Participant does not wish to accept this Agreement, Participant will be deemed to have accepted this Agreement and will be bound by the terms of the Agreement and the Plan. Any such notice may be given to the Director, Corporate Compensation at the Company’s principal executive office.

1




2.     Terms and Conditions .
(a)     Vesting . Subject to continued employment with the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary or in the case of terminations of employment due to Retirement as provided in Section 3(a), twenty five percent (25%) of the RSUs (rounded to the nearest whole restricted stock unit) shall vest on each of the first four anniversaries of the Date of Grant (each such date, a “ Vesting Date ”).
(b)     Settlement . The obligation to make payments and distributions with respect to RSUs shall only be satisfied through the issuance of one share of Stock for each vested RSU (the “ settlement ”) and the settlement of the RSUs may be subject to such conditions, restrictions and contingencies as the Committee shall determine. The Company undertakes and agrees not to exercise its right under the Plan to settle the RSUs in any other means other than Stock. RSUs shall be settled as soon as practicable after the earliest of (i) the applicable Vesting Date, (ii) an involuntary termination of employment by the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary of a Participant who will not attain age 55 at any time before the fourth anniversary of the Date of Grant, (iii) the Vesting Date that immediately follows (A) an involuntary termination of employment by the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary of a Participant who otherwise meets the criteria for Retirement at any time before the fourth anniversary of the Date of Grant, but for the receipt of severance, (B) voluntary termination by the Participant on or after age 55 that does not constitute a Retirement, or (C) Retirement (as defined in Section 3(a)) within six months after the Date of Grant, (iv) death, or (v) termination of employment by reason of Disability. For payment time or events described in clauses (i), (ii), (iv) and (v), settlement shall in no event be later than March 15 of the year following the year of such payment time or event, as applicable. For purposes of this Agreement, each date on which RSUs are settled pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be a “Settlement Date.” For purposes of this Agreement and to the extent applicable to the Participant, the term “termination of employment” shall be interpreted to comply with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 409A”). To the extent payments are made during the periods permitted under Section 409A (including any applicable periods before or after the specified payment dates set forth in this Section 2(b)), the Company shall be deemed to have satisfied its obligations under the Plan and shall be deemed not to be in breach of its payments obligations hereunder.
(c)     Dividend Equivalents and Voting Rights . Participant will from time to time be credited with additional RSUs (including a fractional RSU), the number of which will be determined by dividing:
(i)     The product obtained by multiplying the amount of each dividend (including extraordinary dividend if so determined by the Company) declared and paid by the Company on the Stock on a per share basis during the Vesting Period by the number of RSUs recorded in Participant's account on the record date for payment of any such dividend, by
(ii)     The Fair Market Value of one (1) share of Stock on the dividend payment date for such dividend.
Subject to continued employment with the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary or as otherwise provided in Section 3, the additional RSUs shall vest and be settled at the same time and in the same proportion as the Initial Grant. No additional RSUs shall be accrued for the benefit of Participant with respect to record dates occurring before, or with respect to record dates occurring on or after the date, if any, on which Participant has forfeited the RSUs. Participant shall not be a shareholder of record with respect to the RSUs and shall have no voting rights with respect to the RSUs.

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3.     Termination of Employment with the Company.
(a)     Retirement . If the Participant’s employment with the Company, Affiliates and Subsidiaries terminates as a result of “Retirement” at any time on or after six months from the Date of Grant has elapsed, then Section 2(a) shall continue to apply to the Participant and the Participant shall receive settlement of RSUs following each Vesting Date, unless Section 3(c) applies. For purposes of the Agreement, “Retirement” means the Participant terminates employment with the Company, all Affiliates and Subsidiaries under circumstances that do not entitle the Participant to severance either pursuant to an agreement or policy, plan or program and such termination occurs on or after: (i) attaining age 58, (ii) completing at least two years of service, and (iii) having a combined age and years of service equal to at least 62.5 points.
(b)     Involuntary Termination and Certain Voluntary Terminations . The Participant shall become vested in a prorated number of RSUs in the following circumstances: (1) the Participant’s employment with the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary terminates as a result of Retirement within six months after the Date of Grant, (2) the Participant voluntarily terminates his employment with the Company, Affiliates and Subsidiaries on or after age 55 and the termination does not constitute a Retirement, or (3) the Participant is involuntarily terminated by the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary without Cause (whether or not the Participant is eligible for Retirement, regardless of his age at termination and other than due to Disability or death). For purposes of the preceding, the prorated portion of the RSUs that is vested as of the Participant’s retirement date or date of termination, as applicable, including the portion of the RSUs then already vested, shall be the total number of granted and credited RSUs multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of full months elapsed from the Date of Grant through the Participant’s retirement date or last day worked (in the case of termination) and the denominator of which shall be 48.
(c)     Death . If the Participant’s employment with the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary terminates due to the Participant’s death, then, in addition to the RSUs vested as of the date of death under Section 2(a), the RSUs scheduled to vest on the next scheduled Vesting Date shall also vest on the date of death.
(d)     Disability . If the Participant becomes eligible for long-term disability benefits under a plan sponsored by the Company, an Affiliate or a Subsidiary, then, in addition to the RSUs then vested, the RSUs scheduled to vest on the next scheduled Vesting Date shall also vest on the first date of the long-term disability period. For the avoidance of doubt, RSUs shall continue to vest during any short-term disability period.
(e)     Other Termination . If the Participant’s employment with the Company, all Affiliates and Subsidiaries terminates for Cause or resignation (before attainment of age 55 and before Retirement eligibility) then all outstanding RSUs, whether vested but unsettled or unvested, shall immediately terminate.
Notwithstanding anything contained to the contrary in this Section 3, in no event shall any RSUs be settled before the applicable Vesting Date except if otherwise determined by the Company.
4.     Compliance with Legal Requirements . The granting and settlement of the RSUs, and any other obligations of the Company under this Agreement, shall be subject to all applicable federal, provincial, state, local and foreign laws, rules and regulations and to such approvals by any regulatory or governmental agency as may be required.

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(a)     Transferability . Unless otherwise provided by the Committee in writing, the RSUs shall not be transferable by Participant other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution.
(b)     No Rights as Stockholder . The Participant shall not be deemed for any purpose to be the owner of any shares of Stock subject to RSUs.
(c)     Tax Withholding . All distributions under the Plan are subject to withholding of all applicable federal, state, provincial, local and foreign income taxes and social contributions (the “Withholding Obligation”). The Company may satisfy such Withholding Obligation by any means whatsoever, including withholding cash from any other payment or amounts due to the Participant. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, the Company will satisfy its Withholding Obligation by issuing, upon the settlement of the RSUs, a net number of Stocks to the Participant equal to the number of Stocks that the Participant would otherwise be entitled to receive on the Settlement Date minus such number of Stocks with a value determined on that date equal to any amount required to satisfy the Withholding Obligation.
5.     Miscellaneous .
(a)     Waiver . Any right of the Company contained in this Agreement may be waived in writing by the Committee. No waiver of any right hereunder by any party shall operate as a waiver of any other right, or as a waiver of the same right with respect to any subsequent occasion for its exercise, or as a waiver of any right to damages. No waiver by any party of any breach of this Agreement shall be held to constitute a waiver of any other breach or a waiver of the continuation of the same breach.
(b)     Notices . Any written notices provided for in this Agreement or the Plan shall be in writing and shall be deemed sufficiently given if either hand delivered or if sent by fax or overnight courier, or by postage paid first class mail. Notices sent by mail shall be deemed received three business days after mailing but in no event later than the date of actual receipt. Notices shall be directed, if to the Participant, at the Participant’s address indicated by the Company’s records, or if to the Company, to the attention of the Director, Corporate Compensation at the Company’s principal executive office.
(c)     Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, and each other provision of this Agreement shall be severable and enforceable to the extent permitted by law.
(d)     No Rights to Employment . Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as giving Participant any right to be retained, in any position, as an employee, consultant or director of the Company or its Affiliates or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the right of the Company or its Affiliates, which are hereby expressly reserved, to remove, terminate or discharge Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever.
(e)     Beneficiary . The Participant other than a Participant residing in the Province of Québec, may file with the Committee a written designation of a beneficiary on such form as may be prescribed by the Committee and may, from time to time, amend or revoke such designation. Any notice should be made to the attention of the Corporate Secretary of the Company at the Company’s principal executive office. If no designated beneficiary survives the Participant, the Participant’s estate shall be deemed to be Participant’s beneficiary.
(f)     Québec Participant . The Participant residing in the Province of Québec may only designate a beneficiary by will. Upon the death of the Participant residing in the Province of Québec, the Company

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shall settle the RSUs pursuant to Section 2(b) of this Agreement to the liquidator, administrator or executor of the estate of the Participant.
(g)     Successors . The terms of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and its successors and assigns, and of the Participant and the beneficiaries, executors, administrators, heirs and successors of the Participant.
(h)     Entire Agreement . This Agreement and the Plan contain the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter contained herein and supersede all prior communications, representations and negotiations in respect thereto. No change, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall be valid unless the same be in writing and signed by the parties hereto, except for any changes permitted without consent under Section 9 of the Plan.
(i)     Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to principles of conflicts of law thereof, or principles of conflicts of laws of any other jurisdiction which could cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.
(j)     Headings . The headings of the Sections hereof are provided for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction, and shall not constitute a part, of this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has executed this Agreement as of the day first written above.
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.


By:                                                               
Name:
Title:    

5



EXHIBIT 10.41

RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
EMPLOYEE NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
THIS OPTION AGREEMENT (the “ Agreement ”), dated as of «MONTH DATE, YEAR» (the “ Date of Grant ”), is made by and between Resolute Forest Products Inc. a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and «FIRST» «LAST» (“ Participant ”).
WHEREAS, the Company has adopted the Resolute Forest Products Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”), pursuant to which options may be granted to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“ Stock ”); and
WHEREAS, the Human Resources and Compensation and Nominating and Governance Committee of the Company (the “ Committee ”) has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to grant the stock option award provided for herein to Participant subject to the terms set forth herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the premises and the covenants of the parties contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, for themselves, their successors and assigns, hereby agree as follows:
1. Grant of Option .
(a)      Grant . The Company hereby grants to Participant an option (the “ Option ”) to purchase «OPTIONS» shares of Stock (such shares of Stock, the “ Option Shares ”), on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and as otherwise provided in the Plan. The Option is not intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.
(b)      Incorporation by Reference, Etc. The provisions of the Plan are hereby incorporated herein by reference. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, this Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the provisions of the Plan and any interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations promulgated by the Committee from time to time pursuant to the Plan. Any capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the definitions set forth in the Plan. The Committee shall have final authority to interpret and construe the Plan and this Agreement and to make any and all determinations under them, and its decision shall be binding and conclusive upon Participant and his legal representative in respect of any questions arising under the Plan or this Agreement.
(c)      Acceptance of Agreement . Unless Participant notifies the Company in writing within 14 days after the Date of Grant that Participant does not wish to accept this Agreement, Participant will be deemed to have accepted this Agreement and will be bound by the terms of the Agreement and the Plan. Any such notice may be given to the Director, Corporate Compensation at the Company’s principal executive office.

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2.      Terms and Conditions .
(a)      Exercise Price . The Exercise Price, being the price at which Participant shall be entitled to purchase the Option Shares upon the exercise of all or any portion of the Option, shall be $ «EXERCISE PRICE» per Option Share.
(b)      Exercisability of the Option . Except as may otherwise be provided herein, the Option shall become vested and exercisable with respect to twenty five percent (25%) of the Option Shares (rounded to the nearest whole Option Share) on each of the first four anniversaries of the Date of Grant (each such date, a “ Vesting Date ”), subject to the Participant’s continued employment through the applicable Vesting Date or in the case of terminations of employment due to Retirement as provided in Section 3(a).
3.      Termination of Employment with the Company .
(a)      Retirement . If the Participant’s employment with the Company, Affiliates and Subsidiaries terminates as a result of “Retirement” at any time on or after six months from the Date of Grant has elapsed, the Option shall continue to become vested and exercisable in accordance with Section 2(b), unless Section 3(c) applies. The vested portion of the Option shall remain exercisable during the one-year period beginning on the last Vesting Date for the Option; provided that if the Participant dies during such one-year period, then the remaining portion of the then outstanding and vested Option shall remain exercisable for two years following the death of Participant. For purposes of the Agreement, “Retirement” means the Participant terminates employment with the Company, all Affiliates and Subsidiaries under circumstances that do not entitle the Participant to severance either pursuant to an agreement or policy, plan or program and such termination occurs on or after: (i) attaining age 58, (ii) completing at least two years of service, and (iii) having a combined age and years of service equal to at least 62.5 points.
(b)      Involuntary Termination and Certain Voluntary Terminations . The Option shall become vested with respect to a prorated number of the Option Shares in the following circumstances: (1) the Participant’s employment with the Company, Affiliates and Subsidiaries terminates as a result of Retirement within six months after the Date of Grant, (2) the Participant voluntarily terminates his employment with the Company, Affiliates and Subsidiaries on or after age 55 and the termination does not constitute a Retirement, or (3) the Participant is involuntarily terminated by the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary without Cause (whether or not the Participant is eligible for Retirement, regardless of his age at termination and other than due to Disability or death). For purposes of the preceding, the prorated portion of the Option that is vested as of the Participant’s retirement date or date of termination, as applicable, including the portion of the Option then already vested, shall be the total number of Option Shares multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of full months elapsed from the Date of Grant through the date of the Participant’s retirement date or last day worked (in the case of termination) and the denominator of which shall be 48. The vested portion of the Option shall remain exercisable during the one-year period beginning on Participant’s retirement date or last day worked, as applicable, with the Company; provided that if the Participant dies during such one-year period, then the remaining portion of the then outstanding and vested Option shall remain exercisable for two years following the death of Participant.
(c)      Death . If the Participant’s employment with the Company or any Affiliate or Subsidiary terminates due to the Participant’s death, then, in addition to the portion of the Option then vested, the portion of the Option scheduled to vest on the next Vesting Date shall also vest on the date of

2



death. The vested portion of the Option shall remain exercisable for two years following the death of Participant.
(d)      Disability . If the Participant becomes eligible for long-term disability benefits under a Company-sponsored plan, then, in addition to the portion of the Option then vested, the portion of the Option scheduled to vest on the next Vesting Date shall also vest on the first date of the long-term disability period. The vested portion of the Option shall remain exercisable for two years from the first date of the long-term disability period. For the avoidance of doubt, the Option shall continue vesting during any applicable short-term disability period that occurs before Participant becomes eligible for long-term disability.
(e)      Termination by the Company for Cause . If the Participant’s employment with the Company terminates for Cause, then the entire Option (including any portion which was previously vested, but not exercised as of the date of termination) shall be immediately forfeited.
(f)      Other Termination . If the Participant’s employment with the Company terminates other than as otherwise described in the foregoing provisions of this Section 3, including resignation before attainment of age 55 and before Retirement eligibility, then any vested portion of the Option as of the date of such termination shall remain exercisable for 90 days following such termination of employment with the Company; provided that if the Participant dies during such 90-day period, then any vested portion of the Option as of the date of death shall remain exercisable for one year following the death of the Participant.
Notwithstanding anything contained to the contrary in this Section 3, in no event shall all or any portion of the Option be exercisable after the ten-year anniversary of the Date of Grant.
4.      Method of Exercise . Subject to applicable law, the Exercise Price shall be payable in cash, check, cash equivalent or in any combination thereof, as determined by the Committee. Subject to applicable law, the Committee may permit a Participant to elect to pay the Exercise Price upon (i) the exercise of an Option by irrevocably authorizing a third party to sell, on behalf of the Participant, shares of Stock (or a sufficient portion of the shares) acquired upon exercise of the Option and remit to the Company a sufficient portion of the sale proceeds to pay the entire Exercise Price and any tax withholding resulting from such exercise, (ii) such other method which is approved by the Committee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if, on the last day of the Option Period, the Fair Market Value exceeds the Exercise Price, the Participant has not exercised the Option, and the Option has not expired, such Option shall be deemed to have been exercised by the Participant on such last day by means of a net exercise and the Company shall deliver to the Participant the number of shares of Stock for which the Option was deemed exercised less such number of shares of Stock required to be withheld to cover the payment of the Exercise Price and all applicable required withholding taxes, which portion of the Stock shall be delivered by the Company to its transfer agent who will sell them on behalf of the Participant in order to pay the exercise price and the withholding tax.
5.      Settlement of the Options . The Company undertakes and agrees to settle the Options only by issuing stocks and will not exercise its right under the Plan to settle the Options by any other means.
6.      Compliance with Legal Requirements . The granting and exercising of the Option, and any other obligations of the Company under this Agreement, shall be subject to all applicable federal, state, provincial, local and foreign laws, rules and regulations and to such approvals by any regulatory or governmental agency as may be required. The Committee, in its sole discretion, may postpone the

3



issuance or delivery of Option Shares as the Committee may consider appropriate and may require the Participant to make such representations and furnish such information as it may consider appropriate in connection with the issuance or delivery of Option Shares in compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations.
(a)      Transferability . Unless otherwise provided by the Committee in writing, the Option shall not be transferable by Participant other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution.
(b)      Rights as Stockholder . The Participant shall not be deemed for any purpose to be the owner of any shares of Stock subject to this Option unless, until and to the extent that (i) this Option shall have been exercised pursuant to its terms, (ii) the Company shall have issued and delivered to the Participant the Option Shares and (iii) the Participant’s name shall have been entered as a stockholder of record with respect to such Option Shares on the books of the Company.
(c)      Tax Withholding . All distributions under the Plan are subject to withholding of all applicable federal, state, provincial, local and foreign taxes, and the Committee may condition the delivery of any shares or other benefits under the Plan on satisfaction of the applicable withholding obligations. If permitted by the Committee (in its sole discretion), such withholding obligations may be satisfied (i) through cash payment by the Participant; (ii) through the surrender of shares of Stock which the Participant already owns; (iii) through the surrender of shares of Stock to which the Participant is otherwise entitled under the Plan, which will be sold on behalf of the Participant to satisfy the applicable withholding tax, provided, however, that such shares under the preceding clause (ii) and this clause (iii) may be used to satisfy not more than the Company’s statutory withholding obligation (based on minimum statutory withholding rates for Federal, state and provincial tax purposes, including payroll taxes, that are applicable to such supplemental taxable income) or (iv) by such other method as specified by the Committee.

7.      Miscellaneous .
(a)      Waiver . Any right of the Company contained in this Agreement may be waived in writing by the Committee. No waiver of any right hereunder by any party shall operate as a waiver of any other right, or as a waiver of the same right with respect to any subsequent occasion for its exercise, or as a waiver of any right to damages. No waiver by any party of any breach of this Agreement shall be held to constitute a waiver of any other breach or a waiver of the continuation of the same breach.
(b)      Notices . Any written notices provided for in this Agreement or the Plan shall be in writing and shall be deemed sufficiently given if either hand delivered or if sent by fax or overnight courier, or by postage paid first class mail. Notices sent by mail shall be deemed received three business days after mailing but in no event later than the date of actual receipt. Notices shall be directed, if to the Participant, at the Participant’s address indicated by the Company’s records, or if to the Company, to the attention of the Director, Corporate Compensation at the Company’s principal executive office.
(c)      Severability     The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, and each other provision of this Agreement shall be severable and enforceable to the extent permitted by law.
(d)      No Rights to Employment . Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as giving Participant any right to be retained, in any position, as an employee, consultant or director of the Company or its Affiliates or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the right of the

4



Company or its Affiliates, which are hereby expressly reserved, to remove, terminate or discharge Participant at any time for any reason whatsoever.
(e)      Fractional Shares . In lieu of issuing a fraction of a share of the Stock resulting from any exercise of the Option, resulting from an adjustment of the Option pursuant to Section 8.3 of the Plan or otherwise, the Company shall be entitled to pay to the Participant an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of such fractional share.
(f)      Beneficiary . The Participant other than a Participant residing in the Province of Québec, may file with the Committee a written designation of a beneficiary on such form as may be prescribed by the Committee and may, from time to time, amend or revoke such designation. Any notice should be made to the attention of the Corporate Secretary of the Company at the Company’s principal executive office. If no designated beneficiary survives the Participant, the Participant’s estate shall be deemed to be Participant’s beneficiary.
(g)      Québec Participant . The Participant residing in the Province of Québec may only designate a beneficiary by will. Upon the death of the Participant residing in the Province of Québec, the Company shall settle the Options pursuant to Sections 2(b) and 4 of this Agreement to the liquidator, administrator or executor of the estate of the Participant.
(h)      Successors . The terms of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and its successors and assigns, and of the Participant and the beneficiaries, executors, administrators, heirs and successors of the Participant.
(i)      Entire Agreement . This Agreement and the Plan contain the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter contained herein and supersede all prior communications, representations and negotiations in respect thereto. No change, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement shall be valid unless the same be in writing and signed by the parties hereto, except for any changes permitted without consent under Section 9 of the Plan.
(j)      Governing Law . This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to principles of conflicts of law thereof, or principles of conflicts of laws of any other jurisdiction which could cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.
(k)      Headings . The headings of the Sections hereof are provided for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction, and shall not constitute a part, of this Agreement.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has executed this Agreement as of the day first written above.
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
.


By:                                                               
Name:
Title:    

5



EXHIBIT 10.42

February 4, 2014


Mr. André Piché
1057 Jean Lesage
Ste-Julie, Québec, J3E 2E8

Re: Terms and Conditions of Employment between André Piché and Resolute Forest Products Inc.

Dear André,

I am pleased to confirm our offer of employment for the position of Senior Vice President, Pulp & Paper Operations at Resolute Forest Products, reporting directly to me. This position is based in Montreal. The terms and conditions of this offer are described below.

Date of Nomination
Your nomination will take effect on February 5, 2014.
Annual Base Salary
Your annual base salary will be CAN$350,000, payable in semi-monthly installments less applicable deductions. The semi-monthly installments will be deposited directly into your personal bank account.

Short Term Incentive Plan
You will be eligible to short term incentive plans adopted by the Company from time to time.

For 2014, effective on the date of your nomination, the target incentive for your salary grade will be 100% of your annual base salary. The Company has not yet adopted a short term incentive plan for 2014.
I invite you to consult the 2013 Short Term Incentive Plan as an indication of how premiums are allocated and the design of our plans. Please note that the total payout under our short term incentive plans cannot exceed 7% of the Company’s generated free cash flow in the relevant performance year.

Long Term Incentive Plan
You will be eligible to participate in the Company’s Long Term Incentive Plan and to receive grants under such plan as determined by the Board of Directors from time to time, at its discretion. For 2014, and subject to Board approval, you will be eligible to an annual grant equivalent to 125% of your base salary.

Please note that pursuant to the Company’s stock ownership guidelines, you will now be required to own the equivalent of two and a half times your base salary in Company stock or stock equivalent.

Annual Medical Examination
You and your spouse will be eligible to an annual medical examination with Medisys Health Group Inc.
This is considered a taxable benefit.

As a member of the Senior Executive Team, you will benefit from Medisys One, a 24-hour concierge service that combines comprehensive annual health assessment, round-the-clock support and personalized, proactive healthcare management.

Annual Lump Sum
You will be eligible to an annual lump sum in the amount of CAN$12,500 which can be used for various expenses such as preparing your taxes, membership clubs, etc. This amount is a taxable benefit.

All other terms and conditions of your employment remain unchanged.






Confidentiality
Your compensation is a personal matter. Resolute Forest Products’ policy is to maintain the strictest confidentiality in the area of compensation; therefore, we ask you not to discuss your compensation particulars with others.

We are convinced that your knowledge, experience and skills will continue to be an asset for our Company, and we look forward to working with you

If you have any questions about this offer, please let us know by communicating with Isabel Pouliot, Vice President Human Resources, Corporate Compensation and Services . I look forward to your formal acceptance of this offer, and ask that you sign and return a copy to confirm your acceptance.




/s/ Richard Garneau ____________________________

Richard Garneau
President and CEO

I have read the herein letter and hereby accept these terms and conditions.






______/s/ André Piché_____________________________          February 4, 2014________
André Piché                     Date

/ld
Enclosures

cc: Employee File






EXHIBIT 10.43
February 4, 2014


Mr. Richard Tremblay
9416 Ottoway CT
Toano, Virginia, 23168

Re: Terms and Conditions of Employment between Richard Tremblay and Resolute Forest Products Inc.

Dear Richard,

I am pleased to confirm our offer of employment for the position of Senior Vice President, Pulp & Paper Operations at Resolute Forest Products, reporting directly to me. The terms and conditions of this offer are described below.

Date of Nomination
Your nomination will take effect on February 5, 2014.
Annual Base Salary
Your annual base salary will be US$350,000, payable in monthly installments less applicable deductions. The monthly installments will be deposited directly into your personal bank account.

Short Term Incentive Plan
You will be eligible to short term incentive plans adopted by the Company from time to time.

For 2014, effective on the date of your nomination, the target incentive for your salary grade will be 100% of your annual base salary. The Company has not yet adopted a short term incentive plan for 2014.
I invite you to consult the 2013 Short Term Incentive Plan as an indication of how premiums are allocated and the design of our plans. Please note that the total payout under our short term incentive plans cannot exceed 7% of the Company’s generated free cash flow in the relevant performance year.

Long Term Incentive Plan
You will be eligible to participate in the Company’s Long Term Incentive Plan and to receive grants under such plan as determined by the Board of Directors from time to time, at its discretion. For 2014, and subject to Board approval, you will be eligible to an annual grant equivalent to 125% of your base salary.

Please note that pursuant to the Company’s stock ownership guidelines, you will now be required to own the equivalent of two and a half times your base salary in Company stock or stock equivalent.

Annual Medical Examination
You and your spouse will be eligible to an annual medical examination with Medisys Health Group Inc.
This is considered a taxable benefit.

As a member of the Senior Executive Team, you will benefit from Medisys One, a 24-hour concierge service that combines comprehensive annual health assessment, round-the-clock support and personalized, proactive healthcare management.

Annual Lump Sum
You will be eligible to an annual lump sum in the amount of US$12,500 which can be used for various expenses such as preparing your taxes, membership clubs, etc. This amount is a taxable benefit.

All other terms and conditions of your employment remain unchanged.






Confidentiality

Your compensation is a personal matter. Resolute Forest Products’ policy is to maintain the strictest confidentiality in the area of compensation; therefore, we ask you not to discuss your compensation particulars with others.

We are convinced that your knowledge, experience and skills will continue to be an asset for our Company, and we look forward to working with you

If you have any questions about this offer, please let us know by communicating with Isabel Pouliot, Vice President Human Resources, Corporate Compensation and Services . I look forward to your formal acceptance of this offer, and ask that you sign and return a copy to confirm your acceptance.





/s/ Richard Garneau
Richard Garneau
President and CEO

I have read the herein letter and hereby accept these terms and conditions.






______/s/ Richard Tremblay ____________              ____February 11, 2014______
Richard Tremblay                 Date

/ld
Enclosures
cc: Employee File





EXHIBIT 10.44

EXECUTION VERSION

AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT AND CONSENT AND AUTHORIZATION RELATING TO SECURITY DOCUMENTS

AMENDMENT NO. 6 dated as of February 25, 2014 to the ABL Credit Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated as of April 28, 2011, Amendment No. 2 dated as of October 28, 2011, Amendment No. 3 dated as of March 21, 2012, Amendment No. 4 dated as of April 12, 2013 and Amendment No. 5 dated as of May 8, 2013, and as otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”) among Resolute Forest Products Inc. (f/k/a AbitibiBowater Inc.), a Delaware corporation (“ Resolute ”), the Subsidiaries of Resolute party thereto (together with Resolute, collectively, the “ Borrowers ”), the Lenders party thereto from time to time and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent (the “ Administrative Agent ”) and Collateral Agent, and CONSENT AND AUTHORIZATION RELATING TO SECURITY DOCUMENTS dated as of February 25, 2014, among Resolute, the Subsidiaries of Resolute party hereto, the Lenders party hereto and the Administrative Agent (this “ Amendment ”).
The parties hereto agree as follows:
Section 1 . Defined Terms; References . Unless otherwise specifically defined herein, each term used herein that is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement, as amended by this Amendment. Each reference to “hereof”, “hereunder”, “herein” and “hereby” and each other similar reference and each reference to “this Agreement” and each other similar reference contained in the Credit Agreement shall, as of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date (as defined below), refer to the Credit Agreement as amended hereby.
Section 2 . Amendments to Credit Agreement. Each of the parties hereto agrees that, effective on the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, the Credit Agreement shall be amended to delete the stricken text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: stricken text ) and to add the double-underlined text (indicated textually in the same manner as the following example: double-underlined text ) as set forth in the Credit Agreement attached as Exhibit A hereto (the “ Amended Credit Agreement ”).
Section 3 . Authorization Relating to Security Documents. Each Lender party hereto hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent and/or the Collateral Agent, on or after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date: (i) to amend the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement in the form attached as Exhibit B hereto, the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement in the form attached as Exhibit C hereto and the deeds of hypothec included in the Canadian Security Documents in the form attached as Exhibit D hereto, (ii) to (x) amend the English Security Agreement (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement), the Northern Irish Security Agreement and the Dutch Security Agreement and (y) enter into any additional European Security Documents, in each case for the purpose of joining any Person that becomes an English Subsidiary Guarantor (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date and (iii) to enter into the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement).


    


Section 4 . Authorization Relating to Insurance Policy. Each Lender party hereto hereby (i) authorizes the Administrative Agent and/or the Collateral Agent, on or after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, to amend the Insurance Policy so that, other than during a Compliance Period, the Insurer shall send all payments thereunder directly to Resolute and (ii) agrees that the Insurance Policy, as modified by clause (i) above, shall constitute the Insurance Policy under the Credit Agreement.
Section 5 . Consent to Release of Certain Collateral. Each Lender party hereto hereby consents to the release, on or after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, of (x) all Liens granted under the Security Documents on assets of the Loan Parties that do not constitute Collateral under the Security Documents (after giving effect to the amendments thereto contemplated by the forms attached hereto as Exhibits B, C and D) and (y) all Mortgages in effect as of the date hereof.
Section 6 . Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the different parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart hereof by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be as effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart hereof.
Section 7 . Effectiveness. This Amendment shall become effective on the date when the following conditions are met (the “ Sixth Amendment Effective Date ”):
(a) The Administrative Agent shall have received from each of the Loan Parties and the Super-Majority Facility Lenders, (i) a counterpart of this Amendment signed on behalf of such party or (ii) evidence satisfactory to the Administrative Agent (which may include a facsimile or other electronic transmission) that such party has signed a counterpart of this Amendment.
(b) The Administrative Agent shall have received a favorable written opinion of each of Troutman Sanders LLP, U.S. counsel for the Loan Parties, and McCarthy Tétreault, Canadian counsel for the Loan Parties, in each case (A) dated the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, (B) addressed to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Lenders, and (C) covering the validity and perfection of the security interests granted under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and the hypothecs granted under the deeds of hypothec included in the Canadian Security Documents, in each case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent. Resolute and the other Loan Parties hereby instruct their counsel to deliver such opinions.
(c) The conditions precedent set forth in Section 7.01 of the Credit Agreement shall be satisfied as of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date (with the occurrence of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date being deemed to be a Credit Event for purposes of this condition), and the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate, dated the Sixth Amendment Effective Date and signed by a Financial Officer of and on behalf of Resolute, confirming compliance with the foregoing.
(d) The Borrowers shall have paid all expenses of the Agents payable pursuant to Section 13.01(a) of the Credit Agreement to the extent invoiced on or prior the Sixth Amendment Effective Date (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agents).

2



(e) The Administrative Agent shall have received (i) for the account of each Lender party hereto, a consent fee in an aggregate amount equal to .075% of the sum of the U.S. Facility Commitment and the Canadian Facility Commitment (prior to giving effect to the Amendment) of such Lender on the Sixth Amendment Effective Date and (ii) all fees that the Borrowers shall have agreed in writing to pay to Citigroup Global Capital Markets Inc. (“ CGMI ”) on or prior to the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, pursuant to the Engagement Letter dated as of February 12, 2014, between Resolute and CGMI.
Section 8 . Reference To and Effect Upon the Loan Documents.
(a)      Except as expressly set forth herein, all terms, conditions, covenants, representations and warranties contained in each of the Loan Documents and all rights of the Agents, the Issuing Lenders, the Swingline Lenders and the Lenders and all obligations of the Loan Parties, shall remain in full force and effect. The Loan Parties hereby confirm that the Loan Documents are in full force and effect and are hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects. Without limiting the foregoing, each Loan Party hereby confirms that the Security Documents to which such Loan Party is a party and all of the Collateral described therein do, and shall continue to, guarantee and secure the payment of all of the Obligations and the Secured Obligations (as applicable and, in each case, as defined and subject to the limitations set forth therein).
(b)      The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that (i) this Amendment and the other agreements, documents and instruments executed and delivered in connection herewith do not constitute a novation, payment and reborrowing, or termination of the obligations and liabilities of the Loan Parties under the Credit Agreement or any of the Security Documents, and (ii) such obligations and liabilities are in all respects continuing (as amended hereby) with only the terms thereof being modified as provided in or contemplated by this Amendment.
(c)      This Amendment shall constitute a Loan Document for all purposes of the Loan Documents.
Section 9 . Governing Law. This Amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

[Signature Pages Follow]



3




IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
LOAN PARTIES:
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. (f/k/a AbitibiBowater Inc.)
By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


RESOLUTE FP US INC. (f/k/a AbiBow US Inc.), as a U.S. Borrower
By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


ABIBOW RECYCLING LLC, as a U.S. Borrower
By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer



RESOLUTE FP CANADA INC. / PF RESOLU CANADA INC. (f/k/a AbiBow Canada Inc.), as a Canadian Borrower
By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer




    



BOWATER NUWAY MID-STATES INC.
LAKE SUPERIOR FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
DONOHUE CORP.
FIBREK U.S. INC.
FIBREK RECYCLING U.S. INC.
CALHOUN NEWSPRINT COMPANY
ABITIBIBOWATER CANADA INC.
BOWATER LAHAVE CORPORATION
BOWATER CANADIAN LIMITED
FIBREK HOLDING INC.
FIBREK INTERNATIONAL INC.

By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

ABITIBI CONSOLIDATED SALES LLC

By: Resolute Forest Products Inc., its Sole Member

By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

RESOLUTE FP AUGUSTA LLC

By: Abitibi Consolidated Sales LLC, its Manager

By: Resolute Forest Products Inc., its Sole Member

By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer



    



AUGUSTA NEWSPRINT HOLDING LLC

By: Abitibi Consolidated Sales LLC, its Member

By: Resolute Forest Products Inc., its Sole Member

By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

BOWATER NEWSPRINT SOUTH LLC FD POWERCO LLC

By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Manager

GLPC RESIDUAL MANAGEMENT, LLC

By: Fibrek Recycling U.S. Inc., its Sole Member

By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

FIBREK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP

By: Fibrek Holding Inc., its Managing Partner

By:
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer








6




ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND LENDERS:
CITIBANK, N.A., as Administrative Agent
By:
/s/ K. Kelly Gunness
 
Name:
K. Kelly Gunness
 
Title:
Vice President



    



CITIBANK, N.A., as Lender
By:
/s/ K. Kelly Gunness
 
Name:
K. Kelly Gunness
 
Title:
Vice President



    



CITIBANK, N.A., Canadian Branch, as Lender
By:
/s/ Azita Taravati
 
Name:
Azita Taravati
 
Title:
Authorized Signatory






BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., Canadian Branch, as Lender
By:
/s/ Medina Sales de Andrade
 
Name:
Medina Sales de Andrade
 
Title:
Vice President






BANK OF MONTREAL, as Lender
By:
/s/ William J. Kennedy
 
Name:
William J. Kennedy
 
Title:
Vice President






THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA, as Lender
By:
/s/ Denis Lapalme
 
Name:
Denis Lapalme
 
Title:
Director
 
By:
/s/ David Loewen
 
Name:
David Loewen
 
Title:
Director









    





BARCLAYS BANK PLC, as Lender
By:
/s/ Christopher R. Lee
 
Name:
Christopher R. Lee
 
Title:
Assistant Vice President











CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE, as Lender
By:
/s/ Kazim Mehdi
 
Name:
Kazim Mehdi
 
Title:
Director



By:
/s/ Peter Rawlins
 
Name:
Peter Rawlins
 
Title:
Executive Director









CIBC INC., as Lender
By:
/s/ Andrew Campbell
 
Name:
Andrew Campbell
 
Title:
Authorized Signatory



By:
/s/ Robert Robin
 
Name:
Robert Robin
 
Title:
Authorized Signatory









CIT BANK, as Lender
By:
/s/ Renee M. Singer
 
Name:
Renee M. Singer
 
Title:
Managing Director






    








EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA, as Lender
By:
/s/ Hivda Morissette
 
Name:
Hivda Morissette
 
Title:
Asset Manager



By:
/s/ Roman Chomyn
 
Name:
Roman Chomyn
 
Title:
Portfolio Manager












JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as Lender
By:
/s/ Gitanjali Pundir
 
Name:
Gitanjali Pundir
 
Title:
Vice President














ROYAL BANK OF CANADA., as Lender
By:
/s/ Robert S. Kizell
 
Name:
Robert S. Kizell
 
Title:
Attorney-in-fact



By:
/s/ J. Patchell
 
Name:
J. Patchell
 
Title:
Attorney-in-fact






    










SIEMENS FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC., as Lender
By:
/s/ James Tregillies
 
Name:
James Tregillies
 
Title:
Vice President



By:
/s/ Paul Ramseur
 
Name:
Paul Ramseur
 
Title:
Vice-President / Head of Risk Management














TD BANK, N.A., as Lender
By:
/s/ Eustachio Bruno
 
Name:
Eustachio Bruno
 
Title:
Vice President
















THE TORONTO-DOMINION BANK, as Lender
By:
/s/ Francois Bienvenue
 
Name:
Francois Bienvenue
 
Title:
Vice President



By:
/s/ Darcy Mack
 
Name:
Darcy Mack
 
Title:
Vice President














WELLS FARGO CAPITAL FINANCE, LLC, as Lender
By:
/s/ Peter Aziz
 
Name:
Peter Aziz
 
Title:
Vice President



















WELLS FARGO CAPITAL FINANCE CORPORATION CANADA, as Lender
By:
/s/ David G. Phillips
 
Name:
David G. Phillips
 
Title:
Senior Vice President
Credit Officer, Canada
Wells Fargo Capital Finance
Corporation Canada






EXHIBIT A

CREDIT AGREEMENT


    

 


Composite Conformed Copy
as Amended by
Amendment No. 1 dated April 28, 2011
Amendment No. 2 dated October 28, 2011
Amendment No. 3 dated March 21. 2012
Amendment No. 4 dated April 12, 2013
Amendment No. 5 dated May 8, 2013
Amendment No. 6 dated February 25, 2014


THIS CONFORMED COPY, INCLUDING LANGUAGE FROM AMENDMENT NO. 1, AMENDMENT NO. 2, AMENDMENT NO. 3 AND , AMENDMENT NO. 4 , AMENDMENT NO. 5 AND AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO THE ABL CREDIT AGREEMENT, HAS BEEN PREPARED SOLELY AS A CONVENIENCE AND IS NOT A LEGAL DOCUMENT. THE ABL CREDIT AGREEMENT, DATED AS OF DECEMBER 9, 2010 (AS AMENDED), REMAINS THE OPERATIVE LEGAL DOCUMENTS FOR ALL PURPOSES.
ABL CREDIT AGREEMENT
among
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. (F/K/A/ ABITIBIBOWATER INC. ) ,
CERTAIN OF ITS SUBSIDIARIES FROM TIME TO TIME PARTY HERETO,
THE LENDERS PARTY HERETO,
and
CITIBANK, N.A.,
as ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT and COLLATERAL AGENT
________________________________
Dated as of December 9, 2010
________________________________
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC.,
BARCLAYS CAPITAL, THE INVESTMENT BANKING DIVISION OF BARCLAYS BANK PLC,
J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC
and
WELLS FARGO CAPITAL FINANCE, LLC,
Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners
BARCLAYS CAPITAL and THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA,
Syndication Agents
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. and WELLS FARGO CAPITAL FINANCE, LLC,
Documentation Agents
BMO CAPITAL MARKETS and CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE,
Senior Managing Agents




Table of Contents

SECTION 1. Definitions and Accounting Terms     2
1.01.
Defined Terms     2
1.02.
References to “UCC”      75 78
1.03.
Terms Generally      75 78
1.04.
Pro Forma Calculations      75 79
1.05.
Accounting Terms; GAAP      76 79
1.06.
Interpretation-Québec      76 79
SECTION 2. Amount and Terms of Credit      77 80
2.01.
The Commitments      77 80
2.02.
Minimum Amount of Each Borrowing      81 85
2.03.
Notice of Borrowing      82 85
2.04.
Disbursement of Funds      83 87
2.05.
Notes      85 89
2.06.
Conversions      86 91
2.07.
Pro Rata Borrowings      87 92
2.08.
Interest      87 92
2.09.
Interest Periods      89 93
2.10.
Increased Costs, Illegality, etc      89 94
2.11.
Compensation      92 97
2.12.
Lending Offices and Affiliate Lenders for Loans in Available Currency      93 97
2.13.
Replacement of Lenders      93 98
2.14.
Incremental Commitments      95 99
2.15.
Interest Act (Canada); Criminal Rate of Interest; Nominal Rate of Interest      97 101
2.16.
Provisions Regarding Bankers’ Acceptances, Drafts, etc.      98 103
2.17.
AbitibiBowater Resolute as Agent for Borrowers      98 103
2.18.
Defaulting Lenders      99 103
SECTION 3. Letters of Credit      101 106
3.01.
Letters of Credit      101 106
3.02.
Maximum Letter of Credit Outstandings; Currencies; Tenor      103 108
3.03.
Letter of Credit Requests; Minimum Stated Amount      104 108
3.04.
Letter of Credit Participations      104 109
3.05.
Agreement to Repay Letter of Credit Drawings      107 111
3.06.
Increased Costs      108 112
SECTION 4. Commitment Fees; Reductions of Commitment      109 114
4.01.
Fees      109 114
4.02.
Voluntary Termination of Unutilized Commitments      110 115
4.03.
Mandatory Reduction of Commitments      110 115
SECTION 5. Prepayments; Payments; Taxes      111 115
5.01.
Voluntary Prepayments      111 115




Table of Contents
(continued)




5.02.
Mandatory Repayments; Cash Collateralization      111 116
5.03.
Method and Place of Payment; Deposits and Accounts      114 118
5.04.
Designated Blocked Accounts; Borrowing Base Reporting.      124
5.04 5.05.
Net Payments; Taxes      119 126
SECTION 6. Conditions Precedent to the Effective Date      123 130
SECTION 7. Conditions Precedent to All Credit Events      127 134
7.01.
No Default; Representations and Warranties      127 134
7.02.
Notice of Borrowing; Letter of Credit Request      127 134
7.03.
Borrowing Base and Commitment Limitations      127 135
SECTION 8. Representations and Warranties      128 135
8.01.
Organization; Powers      128 135
8.02.
Authorization; Absence of Conflicts      128 136
8.03.
Enforceability      129 136
8.04.
Governmental Approvals      129 136
8.05.
Financial Statements      129 137
8.06.
No Material Adverse Effect      130 137
8.07.
Title to Properties; Possession Under Leases      130 137
8.08.
Subsidiaries      130 137
8.09.
Litigation; Compliance with Laws      130 137
8.10.
Federal Reserve Regulations      131 138
8.11.
Investment Company Act      131 138
8.12.
Tax Returns      131 138
8.13.
No Material Misstatements      131 138
8.14.
Employee Benefit Plans      132 139
8.15.
Environmental and Safety Matters      133 140
8.16.
Solvency      134 141
8.17.
Security Documents      135 142
8.18.
Labor Matters      136 143
8.19.
Location of Real Property      136 143
8.20.
Patents, Trademarks, etc.      137 143
8.21.
Borrowing Base Calculation      137 144
8.22.
Accounts      137 144
8.23.
Inventory      137 144
8.24.
Anti-Terrorism Law      137 144
8.25.
Own Enquiries      138 145
SECTION 9. Affirmative Covenants      138 145
9.01.
Existence; Businesses and Properties      138 145
9.02.
Insurance      139 145
9.03.
Payment of Taxes      139 146

-ii-


Table of Contents
(continued)




9.04.
Financial Statements, Reports, etc.      139 146
9.05.
Litigation and Other Notices      142 149
9.06.
Maintaining Records; Access to Properties and Inspections      142 149
9.07.
Use of Proceeds      143 150
9.08.
Compliance with Law      143 150
9.09.
Further Assurances      143 150
9.10.
Information Regarding Collateral; Deposit Accounts      144 151
9.11.
Environmental Matters      145 152
9.12.
Certain Post-Effective Date Obligations      146 153
9.13.
Canadian Pension and Benefit Plans      146 153
SECTION 10. Negative Covenants      147 154
10.01.
Indebtedness      147 154
10.02.
Liens      149 157
10.03.
Investments, Loans and Advances      152 160
10.04.
Mergers, Consolidations, Sales of Assets and Acquisitions      154 162
10.05.
Restricted Payments      155 163
10.06.
Transactions with Stockholders and Affiliates      155 164
10.07.
Business      156 164
10.08.
Limitations on Debt Prepayments      156 164
10.09.
Amendment of Certain Documents      156 165
10.10.
Limitation on Dispositions of Stock of Subsidiaries      156 165
10.11.
Restrictions on Ability of Subsidiaries to Pay Dividends      157 165
10.12.
Disposition of Collateral and Other Assets      157 166
10.13.
Accounting Changes; Fiscal Year      158 167
10.14.
Material Subsidiaries      158 167
10.15.
Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio      159 167
10.16.
No Additional Deposit Accounts; etc.      159 167
10.17.
Canadian Pension Plans and Canadian Benefit Plans      159 168
10.18.
ERISA      160 169
SECTION 11. Events of Default      160 169
11.01.
Events of Default      160 169
11.02.
Application of Proceeds      164 172
SECTION 12. The Agents.      167 176
12.01.
Appointment      167 176
12.02.
Nature of Duties      168 177
12.03.
Lack of Reliance on the Agents      169 178
12.04.
Certain Rights of the Administrative Agent      169 178
12.05.
Reliance      170 179
12.06.
Indemnification      170 179
12.07.
Agents in their Individual Capacities      170 179
12.08.
Holders      171 179

-iii-


Table of Contents
(continued)




12.09.
Resignation and Removal of Agents      171 180
12.10.
Collateral and Other Matters      172 181
12.11.
Delivery of Information      174 183
12.12.
Quebec Security      174 183
SECTION 13. Miscellaneous      175 184
13.01.
Payment of Expenses, etc      175 184
13.02.
Right of Setoff      177 186
13.03.
Notices      177 187
13.04.
Benefit of Agreement; Assignments; Participations      178 187
13.05.
No Waiver; Remedies Cumulative      181 190
13.06.
Payments Pro Rata      181 190
13.07.
Computations      182 191
13.08.
GOVERNING LAW; SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      182 191
13.09.
Counterparts      184 193
13.10.
Effectiveness      184 193
13.11.
Headings Descriptive      185 194
13.12.
Amendment or Waiver; etc      185 194
13.13.
Survival; Continuing Obligation      187 196
13.14.
Domicile of Loans      187 196
13.15.
Register      187 196
13.16.
Confidentiality      188 197
13.17.
Patriot Act      189 198
13.18.
OTHER LIENS ON COLLATERAL; TERMS OF INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT; ETC      189 [ Reserved ]      198
13.19.
Waiver of Sovereign Immunity      190 198
13.20.
Judgment Currency      190 199
13.21.
Qualified Secured Hedging Agreements and Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreements      191 199
13.22.
Interest Rate Limitation      193 201
13.23.
Integration      193 201
13.24.
Severability      193 201
13.25.
Power of Attorney and Other Matters in Respect of B/A Instruments.      193 202
13.26.
Additional Borrowers.      202
SECTION 14. Nature of Obligations      194 203
14.01.
Nature of Obligations      194 203
14.02.
Independent Obligation      195 204
14.03.
Authorization      195 204
14.04.
Reliance      196 205
14.05.
Contribution; Subrogation      196 205
14.06.
Waiver      196 205

-iv-


Table of Contents
(continued)




14.07.
Limitation on Canadian Certain Borrower Obligations      197 206
14.08.
Rights and Obligations      197 206
SECTION 15. Lender Loss Sharing Agreement      197 206
15.01.
Definitions      197 206
15.02.
CAM Exchange      198 207
15.03.
Miscellaneous      199 208

SCHEDULES

Schedule 1.01(a)    Commitments
Schedule 1.01(b)    Provisions Relating to Bankers’ Acceptances, Bankers’ Acceptance Loans             and B/A Equivalent Notes
Schedule 1.01(c)    Material Subsidiaries
Schedule 1.01(d)      Mortgaged Properties
Schedule 1.01(e)    Specified Collection Accounts
Schedule 3.01        Letters of Credit
Schedule 5.03(d)    Certain Collection Accounts
Schedule 8.07        Title to Properties
Schedule 8.08        Subsidiaries
Schedule 8.09        Litigation
Schedule 8.14        Canadian Pension Plans
Schedule 8.15        Environmental Safety Matters
Schedule 8.17        Filing Offices
Schedule 8.18        Labor Matters
Schedule 8.19        Real Properties in the United States
Schedule 9.09        Exempt Properties
Schedule 10.02    Existing Liens
Schedule 10.03    Investment, Loans & Advances
Schedule 10.16    Deposit Accounts, Etc.
Schedule 13.03    Notices

EXHIBITS

Exhibit A-1        Form of Notice of Borrowing
Exhibit A-2        Form of Notice of Conversion/Continuation
Exhibit B-1        Form of U.S. Facility Revolving Note
Exhibit B-2        Form of U.S. Facility Swingline Note
Exhibit C        Form of Letter of Credit Request
Exhibit D-1        Form of U.S. Perfection Certificate
Exhibit D-2        Form of Canadian Perfection Certificate
Exhibit E         Form of Intercreditor Agreement [Reserved].
Exhibit F        Form of Solvency Certificate
Exhibit G        Form of Compliance Certificate

-v-


Table of Contents
(continued)




Exhibit H        Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement
Exhibit I        Form of Borrowing Base Certificate
Exhibit J        Form of Incremental Commitment Agreement
Exhibit K        Form of Section 5.04 5.05 (b)(ii) Certificate
Exhibit L        Form of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement
Exhibit M        Form of Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement
Exhibit N        Form of Mortgage
Exhibit O        Insurance Policy
Exhibit P          Form of Borrower Joinder Agreement





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ABL CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of December 9, 2010, among AbitibiBowater Resolute Forest Products Inc., a Delaware corporation ( f/k/a AbitibiBowater Inc.) (“Resolute ”), each Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute set forth on the signature pages hereto (together with AbitibiBowater Resolute , collectively, the “ U.S. Borrowers ”), each Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute set forth on the signature pages hereto (the “ Canadian Borrowers ”, and the Canadian Borrowers together with the U.S. Borrowers and each Other Borrower who becomes Borrower hereunder in accordance with the terms of this Agreement , collectively, the “ Borrowers ”), the Lenders party hereto from time to time and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. All capitalized terms used herein and defined in Section 1 are used herein as therein defined.
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, AbitibiBowater (n/k/a/ Resolute) and certain of its Subsidiaries are currently debtors in reorganization proceedings (the “ U.S. Proceedings ”) under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (the “ Bankruptcy Code ”), in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “ U.S. Bankruptcy Court ”) (AbitibiBowater (n/k/a/ Resolute) and such Subsidiaries, the “ U.S. Debtor Entities ”), and certain of the U.S. Debtor Entities and certain non-U.S. Debtor Entities (such Persons, the “Canadian Debtor Entities” and, together with the U.S. Debtor Entities, the “ Debtors ”) are currently debtors subject to reorganization proceedings in Canada (the “Canadian Proceedings” and, together with the U.S. Proceedings, the “ Bankruptcy Proceedings ”) under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (“ CCAA ”) in the Quebec Superior Court, Commercial Division, for the Judicial District of Montreal (the “ Canadian Bankruptcy Court ” and, together with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court, the “ Bankruptcy Court ”);
WHEREAS, the U.S. Debtor Entities are continuing to operate their businesses and manage their properties as debtors and debtors in possession under Sections 1107 and 1108 of the Bankruptcy Code;
WHEREAS, the U.S. Debtor Entities have filed a Second Amended Joint Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court on August 2, 2010, as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time (the “ Plan of Reorganization” ), pursuant to which certain U.S. Debtor Entities expect to be reorganized and emerge from the Bankruptcy Proceedings. The Canadian Debtor Entities plan to reorganize pursuant to the second amended and restated plan of reorganization and compromise of the Canadian Debtor Entities dated November 1, 2010 which has been filed with the Canadian Bankruptcy Court and as may be further amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time (the “ CCAA Plan ,” and together with the Plan of Reorganization, the “ Plans ”) (collectively, such reorganizations hereinafter referred to as the “ Reorganization ”). The Plan of Reorganization is described in, and included as an exhibit to, the U.S. Debtor Entities’ Disclosure Statement (the “ Disclosure Statement ”) approved by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court on August 3, 2010 and is expected to be confirmed by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court and the CCAA Plan has been sanctioned by the Canadian Bankruptcy Court pursuant to an order of the Canadian Bankruptcy Court dated September 23, 2010 (the “ Sanction Order ”);
WHEREAS, AbitibiBowater (n/k/a Resolute) and the other Borrowers have requested (i) the U.S. Facility Lenders to make to AbitibiBowater (n/k/a Resolute) and the other

 

 

U.S. Borrowers from time to time U.S. Facility Revolving Loans in U.S. Dollars in an initial aggregate principal amount not in excess of U.S. $200,000,000 under a revolving credit facility, and (ii) the Canadian Facility Lenders to make to the U.S. Borrowers and the Canadian Borrowers from time to time Canadian Facility Revolving Loans in either U.S. Dollars or Canadian Dollars in an initial aggregate principal amount not in excess of U.S. $400,000,000 under a revolving credit facility;
WHEREAS, AbitibiBowater (n/k/a Resolute) and the Borrowers have also requested the Issuing Lenders to issue U.S. Facility Letters of Credit denominated in U.S. Dollars and Canadian Facility Letters of Credit denominated in either U.S. Dollars or Canadian Dollars in an aggregate face amount at any time outstanding not in excess of U.S. $200,000,000; and
WHEREAS, ABI Escrow Corporation has issued the Senior Secured Notes, which will be secured by a perfected first priority security interest in the Notes Priority Collateral and a perfected second priority security interest in the ABL Priority Collateral of the U.S. Loan Parties . The Obligations hereunder will be secured by, among other items, a perfected first priority security interest in the ABL Priority Collateral and a perfected second priority security interest in the Notes Priority Collateral; and
WHEREAS, subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Lenders are willing to make available to the Borrowers the senior secured revolving credit facilities provided for herein;
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS AGREED:
SECTION 1. Definitions and Accounting Terms .
Abitibi AbitibiBowater ” shall mean AbiBow Canada AbitibiBowater Inc., a limited liability company amalgamated under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) and the successor to Abitibi-Consolidated Deleware Corporation (n/k/a Resolute Forest Products Inc., a Canadian corporation Delaware Corporation) .
AbitibiBowater ” shall have the meaning provided in the preamble of this Agreement.
ABL Priority Collateral ” shall mean , collectively, ( i x ) all Collateral of the U.S. Loan Parties which constitutes “ABL Priority Collateral” as defined in (x) prior to the Effective Date, the form of Intercreditor Agreement attached as Exhibit E hereto, and (y) from and after the Effective Date, the Intercreditor Agreement, and (ii , (y ) all Collateral of the Canadian Loan Parties and (z) all Collateral of the English Loan Parties .
Account ” shall mean any “account” as such term is defined in Article 9 of the UCC or the PPSA, as applicable.
Account Debtor shall mean, with respect to any Account, any obligor with respect to such Account.

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Acquired Entity ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.04(e) .
Acquisition ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.04 .
Acquisition Indebtedness ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.01(i) .
Additional Commitment Fee ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(a) .
Additional Margin ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(a) .
Adjustable Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage.
Adjustable Applicable Margins ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of Applicable Margin.
Administrative Agent ” shall mean Citibank in its capacity as Administrative Agent for the Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, and shall include any successor to or replacement of the Administrative Agent appointed pursuant to Section 12.09 .
Affiliate ” shall mean, when used with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified.
After-Acquired Mortgage Property ” shall mean a parcel (or adjoining parcels) of real property (including any improvements thereon) acquired in fee ownership by any U.S. Loan Party after the Effective Date that is required to be pledged as security for the Senior Secured Notes.
Agent Advance ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(e) .
Agent Advance Amount ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(e) .
Agent Advance Period ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(e) .
Agents ” shall mean, collectively, the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent, and individually shall mean any one of the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent.
Aggregate Canadian Borrower Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans (including the Face Amount of all Bankers’ Acceptance Loans incurred by a Canadian Borrower) outstanding at such time, (b) the aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time in respect of Letters of Credit issued for the account of any Canadian Borrower and (c) the aggregate principal amount of all Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans outstanding at such time. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Canadian Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling.

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Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all Canadian Facility Revolving Loans (including the Face Amount of all Bankers’ Acceptance Loans) outstanding at such time, (b) the aggregate amount of all Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time in respect of Canadian Facility Letters of Credit issued for the account of any Borrower and (c) the aggregate principal amount of all Canadian Facility Swingline Loans outstanding at such time. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Canadian Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling.
Aggregate Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all Revolving Loans (including the Face Amount of all Bankers’ Acceptance Loans) then outstanding, (b) the aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Outstandings and (c) the aggregate principal amount of all Swingline Loans then outstanding. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Canadian Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling.
Aggregate U.S. Borrower Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans outstanding at such time, (b) the aggregate amount of all Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time in respect of Letters of Credit issued for the account of any U.S. Borrower and (c) the aggregate principal amount of all U.S. Borrower Swingline Loans outstanding at such time. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Euros or Pounds Sterling.
Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all U.S. Facility Revolving Loans outstanding at such time, (b) the aggregate amount of all U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time in respect of U.S. Facility Letters of Credit and (c) the aggregate principal amount of all U.S. Facility Swingline Loans outstanding at such time. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Euros or Pounds Sterling.
Agreement ” shall mean this ABL Credit Agreement.
Amendment No. 4 ” shall mean Consent, Waiver and Amendment No. 4, dated as of April 12, 2013, to and under this Agreement.
“Amendment No. 6” shall mean Amendment No. 6, dated as of February 25, 2014, to and under this Agreement.
Anti-Terrorism Laws ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 8.24(a) .
Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage ” initially shall mean a percentage per annum equal to 0.50%. From and after each Start Date to and including the applicable End Date, the Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage (hereinafter, the “ Adjustable Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage ”) shall be that commitment percentage set forth below opposite the Historical Unutilized Commitment Percentage for such Start Date, as determined by the Administrative Agent:

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Level
Historical Unutilized Commitment Percentage
Commitment Fee Percentage
 
 
 
I
Greater than or equal to 50%
0.50%
 
 
 
II
Less than 50%
0.375%
 
 
 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, from and after the most recent Incremental Commitment Date for any Incremental Commitment Agreement pursuant to which the Applicable Commitment Fee Percentages and Adjustable Applicable Commitment Fee Percentages have been increased above the Applicable Commitment Fee Percentages and the Adjustable Applicable Commitment Fee Percentages in effect immediately prior to such Incremental Commitment Date, each of the Applicable Commitment Fee Percentages and the Adjustable Applicable Commitment Fee Percentages shall be increased to those respective percentages per annum set forth in the applicable Incremental Commitment Agreement.
Applicable Margin ” initially shall mean a percentage per annum equal to (i) in the case of Revolving Loans maintained as (A) Base Rate Loans or Canadian Prime Rate Loans, 0.75% and (B) Eurodollar Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans, 1.75%; and (ii) in the case of Swingline Loans, 0.75%. From and after each Start Date to and including the applicable End Date, the Applicable Margins for such Loans (the “ Adjustable Applicable Margins ”) shall be those set forth below opposite the Historical Excess Availability for such Start Date, as determined by the Administrative Agent:

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Level
Historical Excess Availability
Revolving
Loans Maintained as Eurodollar Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans
Revolving Loans and
Swingline Loans
Maintained as
Base Rate Loans or
Canadian Prime Rate Loans
 
 
 
 
I
Greater than or equal to 66.7% of Total Commitment as then in effect
1.75%
0.75%
 
 
 
 
II
Less than 66.7% of Total Commitment but greater than or equal to 33.3% of Total Commitment as then in effect
2.00%
1.00%
 
 
 
 
III
Less than 33.3% of Total Commitment as then in effect
2.25%
1.25%
 
 
 
 

The Historical Excess Availability used in a determination of Adjustable Applicable Margins shall be determined upon receipt by the Administrative Agent of a Borrowing Base Certificate pursuant to Section 9.04(h) . The Adjustable Applicable Margins so determined shall apply, except as set forth in the immediately succeeding sentence, from the relevant Start Date to the applicable End Date, at which time, if no Borrowing Base Certificate has been delivered to the Administrative Agent, the Adjustable Applicable Margins shall be those that correspond to a Historical Excess Availability at Level III (such Adjustable Applicable Margins as so determined, the “ Highest Adjustable Applicable Margins ”) until such time when a Borrowing Base Certificate is delivered, at which time the Adjusted Applicable Margins shall be re-determined as set forth above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) subject to clause (ii) below, to but not including the initial Start Date, the Adjustable Applicable Margins shall be maintained at Level II above, (ii) at all times during which there shall exist any Event of Default the Adjustable Applicable Margins shall be maintained at the Highest Adjustable Applicable Margins, (iii) from and after the most recent Incremental Commitment Date for any Incremental Commitment Agreement pursuant to which the Applicable Margins and Adjustable Applicable Margins have been increased above the Applicable Margins and the Adjustable Applicable Margins in effect immediately prior to such Incremental Commitment Date, each of the Applicable Margins and the Adjustable Applicable Margins shall be increased to those respective percentages per annum set forth in the applicable Incremental Commitment Agreement and (iv) if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and the Required Lenders shall have so elected by notice to the Borrowers, then the Applicable Margin determined pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this definition shall be increased by 2.00% per annum (provided that in the case of an Event of Default under Section 11.01(b), (c), (g) or (h) , such

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increase shall occur automatically upon the occurrence of such Event of Default without requirement of notice).
Approved Country ” shall mean the United States, Canada, any country within the European Area, and any other country other than those:
(i)    whose government or central bank (x) shall have prohibited the sale of the currency of such country in exchange for U.S. Dollars or Canadian Dollars or shall have admitted in writing its inability to pay its debts as the same become due or (y) shall have declared a moratorium on the payment of its debts or the debts of any national governmental authority of such country; or
(ii)    with respect to which the United States shall have imposed economic sanctions.
Approved DIP Account ” shall mean an Account (i) in respect of which the Account Debtor is debtor in a case under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, (ii) which arises after the commencement of the case described in (i) and is therefore entitled to priority as an administrative expense in such case and (iii) has been approved for purposes of this Agreement by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion.
Asset Exchange ” shall mean any transfer of operating properties or assets by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) to any Person in which at least 75% of the consideration received by the transferor consists of operating properties or assets to be used by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) in its business; provided , that a transfer of ABL Priority Collateral the consideration for which consists of assets that are not ABL Priority Collateral shall not constitute an Asset Exchange.
Asset Sale ” shall mean the sale, transfer or other disposition (including any casualty or condemnation) by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than an Excluded Subsidiary) to any Person other than a Loan Party or, other than for the purposes of the definition of Significant Asset Sale, a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute of (a) any capital stock in any Person, (b) substantially all the assets of any geographic or other division or line of business of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries or (c) any real property or a portion of any real property or any other asset or assets (excluding any assets manufactured, constructed or otherwise produced or purchased for sale to others in the ordinary course of business and any Permitted Investments) of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ; provided that none of the following shall constitute an “ Asset Sale ” for purposes of this Agreement: (i) the sale of inventory in the ordinary course of business; (ii) any sale, transfer or other disposition having a value not in excess of $10,000,000; (iii) the sale of assets (other than ABL Priority Collateral) securing any Indebtedness permitted hereunder (other than the Loans), if and to the extent such Indebtedness shall be repaid, redeemed or repurchased with the proceeds of such asset sale (or any other payment made contemporaneously therewith); (iv) disposals of obsolete, worn-out or surplus equipment in the ordinary course of business or the sale of closed mills; (v) any transfer arising out of the granting or creation of any Lien permitted hereunder; (vi)

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any issuance of capital stock by AbitibiBowater Resolute ; (vii) any Investment permitted by Section 10.03 ; (viii) sales, transfers or dispositions of Permitted Investments and cash equivalents in the ordinary course of business; (ix) the licensing of intellectual property and other general intangibles to third parties in the ordinary course of business; (x) the sale of the assets or Equity Interests of Abitibi-Consolidated Hydro, Inc., ACH Limited Partnership and/or Bowater-Korea, Ltd., and (xi) the disposition of leasehold improvements or leased assets in connection with the termination of the lease.
Assignment and Assumption Agreement ” shall mean an Assignment and Assumption Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit H .
Attributable Indebtedness ” shall mean, with respect to any Sale/Leaseback Transaction that does not result in a Capital Lease, at any date of determination, the product of (a) the net proceeds from such Sale/Leaseback Transaction and (b) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of full years of the term of the lease relating to the property involved in such Sale/Leaseback Transaction (without regard to any options to renew or extend such term) remaining at the date of the making of such computation and the denominator of which is the number of full years of the term of such lease (without regard to any options to renew or extend such term) measured from the first day of such term.
Augusta Newsprint ” shall mean, collectively, Augusta Newsprint Company, a Georgia general partnership, and Augusta Newsprint, Inc., a Delaware corporation.
Available Currency ” shall mean (i) for U.S. Borrowers, U.S. Dollars and (ii) for Canadian Borrowers, U.S. Dollars and Canadian Dollars.
B/A Discount Proceeds ” shall mean, in respect of any Bankers’ Acceptance or Draft to be purchased by a Canadian Facility Lender on any date pursuant to Section 2.01(a) and Schedule 1.01(b) , the difference between (i) the result (rounded to the nearest whole Canadian cent, and with one‑half of one Canadian cent being rounded up) calculated on such day by dividing the aggregate Face Amount of such Bankers’ Acceptance or Draft by the sum of one plus the product of (x) the Reference Discount Rate (expressed as a decimal) applicable to such Bankers’ Acceptance or Draft multiplied by (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the term of such Bankers’ Acceptance or Draft and the denominator of which is 365 (with such product being rounded up or down to the fifth decimal place and with .000005 being rounded up), and (ii) the applicable Drawing Fee.
B/A Equivalent Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Schedule 1.01(b) .
B/A Instruments ” shall mean, collectively, Bankers’ Acceptances, Drafts and B/A Equivalent Notes, and, in the singular, any one of them.
B/A Lender ” shall mean any Canadian Facility Lender that is a bank listed in Schedule I or II to the Bank Act (Canada) as amended and that is not a Non-B/A Lender.

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Bankers’ Acceptance ” shall mean a Draft drawn by a Borrower and accepted by a Canadian Facility Lender pursuant to Section 2.01(a) and Schedule 1.01(b) .
Bankers’ Acceptance Loans ” shall mean (i) the creation of Bankers’ Acceptances or (ii) the creation and purchase of completed Drafts and, if requested by a Non‑B/A Lender, the exchange of such Drafts for B/A Equivalent Notes, in each case as contemplated in Section 2.01(a) and Schedule 1.01(b) .
Bankruptcy Code ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Bankruptcy Court ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Bankruptcy Proceedings ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Barclays ” shall mean Barclays Bank PLC, and its successors.
Base Rate ” shall mean, for any day, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (a) the rate of interest announced publicly by Citibank in New York, New York, from time to time, as Citibank’s base rate (or an equivalent rate otherwise named) (the “ Citi Rate ”), (b) the Federal Funds Rate in effect on such day plus 0.5%, (c) the rate of interest announced publicly by Citibank in New York, New York, from time to time, as the rate being offered by Citibank for certificates of deposit having a term of 3 months (the “ CD Rate ”) plus 0.5% and (d) the Eurodollar Rate for a one month Interest Period on such day (or if such day is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day) plus 1.0%. If for any reason the Administrative Agent shall have determined (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error) that it is unable to ascertain the Federal Funds Rate, including the failure of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to publish rates or the inability of the Administrative Agent to obtain quotations in accordance with the terms thereof, the Alternate Base Rate shall be determined without regard to clause (b) of the preceding sentence until the circumstances giving rise to such inability no longer exist. Any change in the Alternate Base Rate due to a change in the Citi Rate, the CD Rate or the Federal Funds Rate shall be effective on the effective date of such change in the Citi Rate, the CD Rate or the Federal Funds Rate, respectively.
Base Rate Loan ” shall mean (a) each U.S. Dollar Denominated Swingline Loan and (b) each U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loan designated or deemed designated as such by the relevant Borrower of such U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loan at the time of the incurrence thereof or conversion thereto.
Benefit Plan ” shall mean any employee pension benefit plan (other than a Multiemployer Plan) subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA that within the preceding five years is maintained, sponsored or contributed to by (or to which there is or may be an obligation to contribute to by) any Loan Party or an ERISA Affiliate, or any Person which was an ERISA Affiliate during that time.
“Blocked Control Agreement” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.04(a).

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Board ” shall mean the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States.
Borrower ” and “ Borrowers ” shall have the meaning provided in the preamble of this Agreement.
“Borrower Joinder Agreement” shall mean a Borrower Joinder Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit P hereto.
Borrower Obligations ” shall mean (i) all U.S. Facility Obligations owing by any U.S. Borrower, (ii) all Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any U.S. Borrower, and/or (iii) all Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any Canadian Borrower, as applicable.
Borrowing ” shall mean the borrowing of one Type of Loan of a single Facility denominated in a single Available Currency by a Borrower from all the Lenders having Commitments of the respective Facility (or from the a Swingline Lender in the case of Swingline Loans) on a given date (or resulting from a conversion or conversions on such date) having in the case of Eurodollar Loans the same Interest Period, provided that Base Rate Loans incurred pursuant to Section 2.10(b) shall be considered part of the related Borrowing of Eurodollar Loans.
Borrowing Base ” shall mean the Canadian Borrowing Base, the U.S. Borrowing Base and/or the Total Borrowing Base, as applicable.
Borrowing Base Certificate ” shall mean a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit I hereto (with supporting calculations in reasonable detail) executed and certified as accurate and complete by a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute on behalf of AbitibiBowater Resolute .
Bowater ” shall mean Bowater Incorporated, a Delaware corporation.
Business Day ” shall mean (a) for all purposes other than as covered by clauses (b) and (c) below, any day except Saturday, Sunday and any day which shall be in New York, New York, a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law or other government action to close, (b) with respect to all notices and determinations in connection with, and payments of principal and interest on, Eurodollar Loans, any day which is a Business Day described in clause (a) above and which is also a day for trading by and between banks in U.S. dollar deposits in the London interbank eurodollar market and (c) with respect to all notices and determinations in connection with, and payments of principal (or, Face Amount, as applicable) and interest on, Loans made by Canadian Facility Lenders, any day which is a Business Day described in clause (a) above and which is also a day which is not a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law or other government action to close in Toronto, Ontario or , Montreal, Quebec and London, England .
CAM ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 15.01(a) .
CAM Exchange ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 15.01(b) .

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CAM Exchange Date ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 15.01(c) .
CAM Percentage ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 15.01(d) .
Canadian Bankruptcy Court ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Canadian Benefit Plans ” shall mean any plan, fund, program, commitment, arrangement, agreement, practices, undertakings or policy, whether oral or written, formal or informal, funded or unfunded, insured or uninsured, providing material employee benefits, including medical, hospital care, dental, sickness, accident, disability, life insurance, profit sharing or savings benefits, under which any Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute has, or will have, any liability or contingent liability, or pursuant to which payments are made, or benefits are provided to, or an entitlement to payments or benefits may arise, with respect to its or any of its current or previous Affiliates’ employees or former employees, but excluding any Canadian Pension Plans.
Canadian Borrower ” and “ Canadian Borrowers ” shall have the meaning provided in the preamble of this Agreement and shall include any Other Borrower that is a Canadian Subsidiary .
Canadian Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
Canadian Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
Canadian Borrower Letter of Credit ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.01(a) .
Canadian Borrower Loans ” shall mean each Canadian Borrower Revolving Loan and each Canadian Borrower Swingline Loan.
Canadian Borrower Obligations ” shall mean all Obligations owing to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, any Issuing Lender or any Lender by any Canadian Borrower.
Canadian Borrower Revolving Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(a) .
Canadian Borrower Revolving Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05 .
Canadian Borrower Swingline Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(b) .
Canadian Borrowing Base ” shall mean, at the time of any determination, an amount equal to the sum of the U.S. Dollar amount (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of

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amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars), without duplication, of (a) (I) 85% of the aggregate Outstanding Balance of Eligible Canadian /English Accounts (other than Eligible International Accounts) at such time plus (II) 90% of the aggregate Outstanding Balance of Eligible International Accounts owned by Canadian Loan Parties and English Loan Parties at such time plus (b) the lesser of (i) 65% of Eligible Canadian /English Inventory at such time and (ii) 85% of the Net Orderly Liquidation Value of Eligible Canadian /English Inventory at such time (in each case with respect to clauses (i) and (ii) with any Eligible Canadian /English Inventory to be valued at the lower of cost or market value thereof (net of any intercompany profit)) plus (c)(i) 100% of all amounts on deposit in Canadian Designated Blocked Accounts and English Designated Blocked Accounts (in each case to the extent such amounts constitute cash held in Deposit Accounts) and (ii) 95% of all other amounts on deposit in Canadian Designated Blocked Accounts and English Designated Blocked Accounts (in each case to the extent such amounts constitute Permitted Investments of the type described in clause (a) of the definition thereof held in securities accounts) , minus ( c d ) the sum (without duplication) of (i) the aggregate amount of Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserves for all Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreements, (ii) the aggregate amount of Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserves for all Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreements, (iii) the Canadian Priority Payables Reserve (iv) the Insurance Deductible Reserve with respect to the Canadian Borrowing Base, (v) the Foreign Currency Adjustment with respect to the Canadian Borrowing Base and (vi) the amount of any other Reserves in such amounts and with respect to such matters, as the Collateral Agent in its Discretion may establish from time to time ; provided, however , that the aggregate amount arising under preceding clause (c), together with the aggregate amount arising under clause (c) of the first sentence of the definition of “U.S. Borowing Base”, shall not exceed $100,000,000 . The Canadian Borrowing Base at any time shall be determined by reference to the most recent Borrowing Base Certificate delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.04(d), 5.04(e) or 9.04(h) of this Agreement , as applicable , adjusted on a pro forma basis as necessary in the Discretion of the Collateral Agent (pending the delivery of a new Borrowing Base Certificate) to reflect the impact of any Significant Asset Sale or any other event or circumstance which by the express terms of this Agreement alters the eligibility for inclusion in the Canadian Borrowing Base of Eligible Accounts or Eligible Inventory reflected in such Borrowing Base Certificate. The Collateral Agent shall have the right (but no obligation) to review the computations in any Borrowing Base Certificate and if, in its Discretion, such computations have not been calculated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Collateral Agent shall have the right, in consultation with AbitibiBowater Resolute , to correct any such errors in such manner as it shall determine in its Discretion and the Collateral Agent will notify AbitibiBowater Resolute promptly after making any such correction.
Canadian Collection Account ” shall mean each account established at a Canadian Collection Bank subject to a Control Agreement into which funds shall be transferred as provided in Section 5.03(c) .
Canadian Collection Banks ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03(c) .
Canadian Debtor Entities ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.

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“Canadian Designated Blocked Account” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.04(b).
Canadian Dilution Reserve ” shall mean, at any date, (i) the amount by which the Dilution Ratio of Eligible Canadian /English Accounts exceeds five percent (5%) multiplied by (ii) the Eligible Canadian /English Accounts on such date.
Canadian Dollar Denominated Loans ” shall mean each Loan denominated in Canadian Dollars at the time of the incurrence thereof.
Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans ” shall mean each Revolving Loan denominated in Canadian Dollars at the time of the incurrence thereof.
Canadian Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans ” shall mean each Swingline Loan denominated in Canadian Dollars at the time of the incurrence thereof.
Canadian Dollars ” and “ Cdn.$ ” shall mean freely transferable lawful money of Canada (expressed in Canadian dollars).
Canadian Facility ” shall mean the credit facility established hereunder for the U.S. Borrowers and the Canadian Borrowers under Sections 2.01(a)(B) , 2.01(b)(B) and 3.01(a)(A)(ii) and (iii) .
Canadian Facility Commitment ” shall mean, for each Lender, the amount set forth opposite such Lender’s name in Schedule 1.01(a) directly below the column entitled “Canadian Facility Revolving Commitment”, as same may be (x) reduced from time to time or terminated pursuant to Sections 4.02 , 4.03 and/or 11 , as applicable, (y) adjusted from time to time as a result of assignments to or from such Lender pursuant to Section 2.13 or 13.04(b) , or (z) increased from time to time pursuant to Section 2.14 . As of the Closing Sixth Amendment Effective Date, the aggregate amount of Canadian Facility Commitments of the Canadian Facility Lenders is U.S. $ 400,000,000 465,000,000 .
Canadian Facility Lenders ” shall mean the Lenders having Canadian Facility Commitments (or, after the termination of all Canadian Facility Commitments, outstanding Individual Canadian Facility Exposure).
Canadian Facility Letter of Credit ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.01(a) .
Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the aggregate amount of all Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time in respect of Canadian Facility Letters of Credit issued for the account of any Borrower. The Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure of any Lender at any time shall be its Canadian Facility RL Percentage of the total Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure at such time.
Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the Stated Amount of all outstanding Canadian Facility Letters of Credit at such time and (b)

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the aggregate amount of all Unpaid Drawings in respect of all Canadian Facility Letters of Credit at such time.
Canadian Facility Obligations ” shall mean all Loan Document Obligations owing to any Lender Creditor to repay principal of, interest on, and all other amounts with respect to, all Canadian Facility Revolving Loans, Canadian Facility Swingline Loans, Canadian Facility Letters of Credit, and all other Loan Document Obligations (including, without limitation, all fees, indemnities, taxes and other obligations) pursuant to this Agreement and each other Loan Document in connection with the Canadian Facility Commitments.
Canadian Facility Revolving Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(a) .
Canadian Facility Revolving Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
Canadian Facility RL Percentage ” of any Canadian Facility Lender at any time shall mean a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is the Canadian Facility Commitment of such Canadian Facility Lender at such time and the denominator of which is the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time, provided that if the Canadian Facility RL Percentage of any Canadian Facility Lender is to be determined after the Total Canadian Facility Commitment has been terminated, then the Canadian Facility RL Percentages of such Canadian Facility Lender shall mean a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is such Lender’s Individual Canadian Facility Exposure at such time and the denominator of which is the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure at such time, provided that in the case of Section 2.18 when a Defaulting Lender shall exist, “Canadian Facility RL Percentage” shall mean the percentage of the Total Canadian Facility Commitments (disregarding any Defaulting Lender’s Canadian Facility Commitment) represented by such Lender’s Canadian Facility Commitment.
Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the aggregate principal amount of all Canadian Facility Swingline Loans (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars) outstanding at such time. The Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure of any Lender at any time shall be its Canadian Facility RL Percentage of the total Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure at such time.
Canadian Facility Swingline Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(b) .
Canadian Facility Swingline Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement ” shall mean the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, among the Canadian Borrowers, the Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute party thereto and the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, substantially in the form of Exhibit M hereto with such modifications thereto as the Collateral Agent may agree.

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Canadian Guarantors ” shall mean and include each Canadian Borrower (in its capacity as a guarantor under the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) and each Canadian Subsidiary Guarantor.
Canadian Loan Parties ” shall mean each Canadian Borrower and each Canadian Subsidiary Guarantor.
Canadian Loan Party Obligations ” shall mean (i) all Canadian Borrower Obligations, (ii) all Hedging Obligations owing to Hedging Creditors by any Canadian Loan Party, (iii) all Cash Management Services Obligations owing to Cash Management Creditors by any Canadian Loan Party, and (iv) any guarantees of the obligations described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) hereof by the Loan Parties (including the U.S. Loan Parties and the English Loan Parties ) pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement or pursuant to any other Loan Document.
Canadian Pension Plans ” shall mean each pension, supplementary pension, retirement savings or other retirement income plan or arrangement of any kind, registered or non-registered, established, maintained or contributed to by a Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute for its or any of its current or previous Affiliates’ employees or former employees but does not include the Canada Pension Plan as maintained by the Government of Canada or the Québec Pension Plan as maintained by the Government of Québec.
Canadian Pension Regulations ” shall mean, collectively, the Ontario Pension Regulations and the Quebec Pension Regulations.
Canadian Perfection Certificate ” shall mean the Canadian Perfection Certificate in the form thereof included in Exhibit D-2 or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent, as the same may be supplemented from time to time pursuant to Section 9.10(c) or otherwise.
Canadian Prime Rate ” shall mean, for any day, the rate of interest per annum expressed on the basis of a 365-day year equal to the greater of (i) the per annum rate of interest quoted or established as the “prime rate” of Citibank Canada (or similar entity of a successor Administrative Agent hereunder) which it quotes or establishes for such day as its reference rate of interest in order to determine interest rates for commercial loans made in Canadian Dollars in Canada and (ii) the annual rate of interest equal to the sum of the one-month CDOR Rate in effect on such day plus 1%, adjusted automatically with each quoted or established change in such rate, all without the necessity of any notice to any Borrower or any other Person. Any change in the Canadian Prime Rate due to a change in the “prime rate” or the CDOR Rate shall be effective as of the opening of business on the effective day of such change in the “prime rate” or the CDOR Rate, respectively.
Canadian Prime Rate Loans ” shall mean (a) each Canadian Dollar Denominated Swingline Loan and (b) each Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loan during the period which it bears interest at a rate determined by reference to the Canadian Prime Rate, in each case made to a Canadian Borrower.

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Canadian Priority Payables ” shall mean, at any time, with respect to the Canadian Borrowing Base:
(a)    the amount due on or prior to the date as of which the Canadian Borrowing Base is to be determined and remaining unpaid at the time of determination by any Canadian Loan Party (or any other Person for which any Canadian Loan Party has joint and several liability), for which each Canadian Loan Party has an obligation whether to remit to a Governmental Authority or other Person pursuant to any applicable law, rule or regulation, in respect of (i) pension fund obligations including employee and employer pension plan contributions (including “normal cost”, “special payments” and any other payments in respect of any funding deficiency or shortfall), (ii) employment insurance, (iii) goods and services taxes, sales taxes, employee income taxes, excise tax and other taxes payable or to be remitted or withheld, (iv) workers’ compensation, (v) wages, salaries, commission or compensation, including vacation pay, and (vi) other like charges and demands; in each case in respect of which any Governmental Authority or other Person may claim a security interest, hypothecation, prior claim, trust or other claim or Lien ranking or capable of ranking in priority to or pari passu with one or more of the Liens granted pursuant to the Security Documents (a “ Priority Lien ”); and
(b)    the aggregate amount due on or prior to the date as of which the Canadian Borrowing Base is to be determined and remaining unpaid at the time of determination of any other liabilities of the Canadian Loan Parties (or any other Person for which the Canadian Loan Parties have joint and several liability) (i) in respect of which a trust has been or may be imposed on Collateral of any Canadian Loan Party to provide for payment or (ii) which are secured by a security interest, hypothecation, prior claim, pledge, charge, right, or claim or other Lien on any Collateral of any Canadian Loan Party, in each case pursuant to any applicable law, rule or regulation and which trust, security interest, hypothecation, prior claim, pledge, charge, right, claim or other Lien ranks or is capable of ranking in priority to or pari passu with one or more of the Liens granted in the Security Documents.
Canadian Priority Payables Reserve ” shall mean, on any date of determination for the Canadian Borrowing Base, a reserve established from time to time by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion in such amount as the Collateral Agent may reasonably determine in respect of Canadian Priority Payables of the Canadian Loan Parties; provided , that without otherwise limiting the Collateral Agent’s Discretion, the Canadian Priority Payables Reserve shall at all times include a reserve for Canadian Priority Payables in an amount not less than the amount of Canadian Priority Payables set forth on the most recent Borrowing Base Certificate delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.04(d), 5.04(e), 6(t) or Section 9.04(h) , as applicable .
Canadian Proceedings ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement ” shall mean any Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement between a Cash Management Creditor (as determined at the time such Secured Cash Management Agreement is designated as a Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement without regard to whether such Person is currently a Lender or an affiliate thereof) and a Canadian Loan Party.

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Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve ” shall mean a reserve established by the Collateral Agent from time to time in respect of a Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement, which reserve shall be in an amount equal to the reserve agreed upon from time to time by the applicable Cash Management Creditor and AbitibiBowater Resolute and notified to, and if Excess Availability (after giving effect to such reserve) is less than 35% of the Total Commitment then in effect at the time such reserve is created or increased, consented to in writing by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion (it being understood and agreed that a reserve with respect to a Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement (i) may only be decreased with the consent of the Cash Management Creditor party to such Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement and (ii) may only be created or increased if, after giving effect thereto, the Aggregate Canadian Borrower Exposure would not exceed 100% of the Canadian Borrowing Base at such time.)
Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement ” shall mean any Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement between a Hedging Creditor (as determined at the time such Secured Hedging Agreement is designated as a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement without regard to whether such Person is currently a Lender or an affiliate thereof) and a Canadian Loan Party.
Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve ” shall mean a reserve established by the Collateral Agent from time to time in respect of a Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement, which reserve shall be in the amount of the aggregate U.S. Dollar Equivalent marked to market exposure thereunder as calculated from time to time by the Hedging Creditor party to such Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement in accordance with GAAP (based on the valuation methodology agreed between AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Hedging Creditor party to such Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement) and notified to the Collateral Agent (and acknowledged by the Administrative Agent) (A) at the time such Secured Hedging Agreement is designated as a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement and (B) from time to time thereafter, in each case, in accordance with Section 13.21 (it being understood and agreed that a reserve with respect to a Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement (i) may only be decreased below the marked to market exposure thereunder with the consent of the Hedging Creditor party to such Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement and (ii) may only be created or increased (x) if after giving effect thereto the Aggregate Canadian Borrower Exposure would not exceed 100% of the Canadian Borrowing Base at such time and (y) if at such time an Event of Default exists or if after giving effect to such reserve the aggregate amount of all Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserves would exceed $100,000,000, with the written consent of the Collateral Agent in its Discretion).
Canadian Secured Obligations ” shall mean and include (a) all Loan Document Obligations owing by any Canadian Loan Party, (b) all Hedging Obligations owing by any Canadian Loan Party, (c) all Cash Management Services Obligations owing by any Canadian Loan Party, and (d) all amounts paid (or incurred) by any Indemnified Person as to which such Indemnified Person has the right to reimbursement by a Canadian Loan Party under Section 13.01 or any indemnity contained in any Canadian Security Document; it being acknowledged and agreed that the “Canadian Secured Obligations” shall include extensions of credit to any Canadian Loan Party of the types described above, whether outstanding on the date of this Agreement or any Security Document or

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extended from time to time after the date of this Agreement or any Security Document , in each case excluding the Excluded Swap Obligations .
Canadian Security Documents ” shall mean the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the Quebec Security Documents and the other similar security agreements, instruments and documents executed and delivered pursuant to Section 9.09 governed by Canadian law (or the laws of any province or territory of Canada).
Canadian Subsidiary ” of any Person shall mean any Subsidiary of such Person incorporated or organized in Canada or any province or territory thereof.
Canadian Subsidiary Guarantors ” shall mean (a) each Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is a Material Wholly-Owned Subsidiary (other than Excluded Subsidiaries and any Canadian Borrowers), whether existing on the Closing Date or established, created or acquired after the Closing Date and (b) each other Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that becomes party to the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement as a “Guarantor” and “Grantor”, in each case unless and until such time as the respective Canadian Subsidiary is released from all of its obligations under the Security Documents to which it is a party in accordance with the terms and provisions thereof.
“Canadian Swingline Lender” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of “Swingline Lender”.
Capital Expenditures ” shall mean, with respect to any Person, all expenditures by such Person which should be capitalized in accordance with GAAP and, without duplication, the amount of the principal portion of all Capitalized Lease Obligations incurred by such Person.
Capital Lease ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of the term “Capital Lease Obligations”.
Capital Lease Obligations ” of any Person shall mean the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal property, or a combination thereof (each, a “ Capital Lease ”), which obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP. For the purposes of this Agreement, the amount of such obligations at any time shall be the capitalized amount thereof at such time, determined in accordance with GAAP.
Cash Management Agreement ” shall mean any arrangement for the provision of Cash Management Services.
Cash Management Creditors ” shall mean, collectively, each Lender and/or any affiliate thereof that has entered into one or more Secured Cash Management Agreements, even if such Lender subsequently ceases to be a Lender under this Agreement for any reason, and such Lender’s or such affiliate’s successors and assigns, if any.

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Cash Management Services ” shall mean (i) cash management services, including treasury, depository, overdraft, electronic funds transfer and other cash management arrangements and (ii) commercial credit card and merchant card services.
Cash Management Services Obligations ” shall mean and include, any and all obligations of the Loan Parties to the Cash Management Creditors, whether absolute or contingent and howsoever and whensoever created, arising, evidenced or acquired (including all renewals, extensions and modifications thereof and substitutions therefor) in connection with any Secured Cash Management Agreements, whether such Secured Cash Management Agreement is now in existence or hereinafter arising (including, without limitation, all obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of each Loan Party in its capacity as a Guarantor under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, to which it is a party, in respect of the Secured Cash Management Agreements).
Cash Proceeds ” shall mean, with respect to any Asset Sale, cash, cash equivalents or marketable securities received from such Asset Sale, including any insurance or condemnation proceeds and, when received, proceeds received by way of deferred payment pursuant to a note receivable or otherwise.
CCAA ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
CCAA Plan ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
CDOR Rate ” shall mean on any day and for any period, an annual rate of interest equal to the average rate applicable to Canadian Dollar bankers’ acceptances for the applicable period appearing on the display referred to as the “CDOR Page” (or any display substituted therefor) of Reuter Monitor Money Rates Service, rounded to the nearest 1/100th of 1% (with .005% being rounded up), at approximately 10:00 A.M. (Toronto time) on such day, or if such day is not a Business Day, then on the immediately preceding Business Day, provided that if such rate does not appear on the on the display referred to as the “CDOR Page” (or any display substituted therefor) of Reuter Monitor Money Rates Service on such day as contemplated, then the CDOR Rate on such day shall be calculated as the average of the rates for such period applicable to Canadian dollar bankers’ acceptances quoted by the banks listed in Schedule I of the Bank Act (Canada) which are also Lenders as of 10:00 A.M. (Toronto time) on such day or, if such day is not a Business Day, then on the immediately preceding Business Day.
CERCLA ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 8.15(a)(iv) .
Change in Control ” shall mean, and be deemed to have occurred, if (a) after the Effective Date, a majority of the seats (other than vacant seats) on the board of directors of AbitibiBowater Resolute shall at any time be occupied by persons who were not (i) members of the board of directors of AbitibiBowater Resolute on the Effective Date (or appointed shortly thereafter as specifically contemplated by the Plan of Reorganization) , (ii) nominated by the board of directors of AbitibiBowater Resolute after the Effective Date or (iii) appointed by the directors referred to in clause ( y a )(i) or (ii) after the Effective Date, (b) on or at any time after the Effective Date, any

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person or group (within the meaning of Rule 13d-5 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as in effect on the date hereof) other than a Permitted Parent shall own, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, shares representing more than 35% (or, in the case of any person or group that includes Fairfax, 50%) of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding capital stock of AbitibiBowater Resolute ; (c) at any time prior to the Effective Date, AbitibiBowater shall cease to own, directly or indirectly, beneficially and of record, 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each of Abitibi and Bowater [reserved] ; or (d) any event constituting a “change in control” under instruments governing any other Material Indebtedness. Notwithstanding the foregoing: (A) a “person” or “group” shall not be deemed to have beneficial ownership of securities subject to a stock purchase agreement, merger or amalgamation agreement or similar agreement (or voting or option agreement related thereto) until the consummation of the transactions contemplated by such agreement; and (B) neither the “Investors” under, and as such term is defined in, the Backstop Commitment Agreement dated May 24, 2010, by and among AbitibiBowater Resolute and the investors party thereto, as amended, nor their Affiliates shall be deemed to be “group” for purposes hereof solely by reason of the transactions contemplated by the Plans.
CIBC Cash Collateral Account ” shall mean, collectively, each deposit account of a Canadian Subsidiary that is used exclusively for the purpose of holding cash collateral described in Section 10.02(a)(xx) .
CIBC Letter of Credit Facilities ” shall mean, collectively, the 2007 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility and the 2008 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility.
Citibank ” shall mean Citibank, N.A., and its successors.
Citibank Canada ” shall mean Citibank, N.A., Canada Branch, in its individual capacity, and any successor corporation thereto by merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise acting in respect of its Canadian banking business.
“Citibank England” shall mean Citibank, N.A., London, in its individual capacity, and any successor corporation thereto by merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise acting in respect of its English banking business.
Citibank Canadian Account ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03( f g ) .
“Citibank English Account” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03(h).
Citibank U.S. Account ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03( e f ) .
Closing Date ” shall mean the date of effectiveness of this Agreement pursuant to Section 13.10(a) . The “Closing Date” occurred on December 9, 2010.
Code ” shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and any final or temporary regulations promulgated and in effect thereunder.

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Section references to the Code are to the Code, as in effect at the date of this Agreement and any subsequent provisions of the Code, amendatory thereof, supplemental thereto or substituted therefor.
Collateral ” shall mean any and all assets and properties of the Loan Parties that are (or purport to be) subject to Liens (whether Notes Priority Collateral or ABL Priority Collateral) securing any of the Obligations, including all “Collateral” (as defined in (a) prior to the Effective Date, the form of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit L and the form of Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit M and (b) on and after the Effective Date, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) , and the Mortgaged Properties any corresponding term in the European Security Documents .
Collateral Access Agreement ” shall mean any landlord waiver or other agreement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, between the Collateral Agent and any third party (including any bailee, consignee, customs broker or other similar Person) in possession of any Collateral or any landlord mortgagee of any Loan Party for any real property where any Collateral is located, as such landlord waiver or other agreement may be amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time.
Collateral Agent ” shall mean Citibank in its capacity as security agent for the Secured Parties pursuant to the Security Documents, and shall include any successor to the Collateral Agent as provided in Section 12.09 .
Collateral and Guarantee Requirement ” shall mean, at any time, the requirement that:
(a) the Administrative Agent shall have received from each U.S. Borrower and each U.S. Subsidiary Guarantor either (i) counterparts of each of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the Intercreditor Agreement and the other Security Documents (other than the Canadian Security Documents and the European Security Documents), duly executed and delivered on behalf of such parties or (ii) in the case of any Person that is required to become a U.S. Subsidiary Guarantor after the Effective Date, joinder instruments in the form or forms specified in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement , the Intercreditor Agreement or the other Security Documents (other than the Canadian Security Documents and the European Security Documents), as applicable, under which such Loan Party becomes a party to the applicable Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the Intercreditor Agreement or the other Security Documents (other than the Canadian Security Documents and the European Security Documents), as applicable, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Loan Party;
(b) the Administrative Agent shall have received from each Canadian Borrower and each Canadian Subsidiary Guarantor either (i) counterparts of each of the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and the other Canadian Security Documents, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such parties or (ii) in the case of any Person that is required to become a Canadian Subsidiary Guarantor after the Effective Date, joinder instruments in the form or forms specified in the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the other Canadian Security Documents, as applicable, under which such Canadian Loan Party becomes a party to the applicable Canadian Guarantee and

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Collateral Agreement or the other Canadian Security Documents, as applicable, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Canadian Loan Party;
(c) the Administrative Agent shall have received from each English Guarantor (x) either (i) counterparts of each of the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement and the other applicable U.K. Security Documents, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such parties or (ii) in the case of any Person that becomes an English Subsidiary Guarantor after the initial execution and delivery of the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, joinder instruments in the form or forms specified in the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement or the other U.K. Security Documents, as applicable, under which such English Loan Party becomes a party to the applicable English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement or the other U.K. Security Documents, as applicable, duly executed and delivered on behalf of such English Loan Party and (y) such customary lien searches and legal opinions (including of local counsel) as the Administrative Agent shall have reasonably requested in connection with the execution and delivery of the foregoing;
(d) the Administrative Agent shall have received from each English Guarantor: (i) a copy of its constitutional documents; (ii) a copy of a resolution of its board of directors (A) approving the terms of the Loan Documents to which it is a party; (B) authorizing a specified person or persons to execute the Loan Documents to which it is a party on its behalf; and (C) authorizing a specified person or persons to sign and/or dispatch all other documents and notices to be signed and/or despacted by it under or in connection with the Loan Documents; (iii) a specimen of the signature of each person authorized by the resolution referred to in clause (ii) above; (iv) a copy of a resolution signed by all the holders of its issued shares approving the terms of the Loan Documents to which it is a party; (v) a certificate signed by one of its directors confirming that guaranteeing or securing, as appropriate, under the Loan Documents would not cause any guarantee, security or similar limit binding on it to be exceeded; (vi) a certificate of an authorized signatory of the English Guarantor certifying that each copy document listed in this clause (d) is correct, complete and in full force and effect and has not been amended or superseded as at a date no earlier than the date of the most recent Loan Document to which it is a party; and (vii) evidence that it has done all that is necessary (including, without limitation, be re-registering as a private company) to comply with sections 677 to 683 of the Companies Act 2006 in order to enable it to enter into the Loan Documents and performs its obligations thereunder;
(c) (i) all Equity Interests in (x) each Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater that is a Material Subsidiary and, except to the extent pledged as security for the Senior Secured Notes, is not a Joint Venture Subsidiary and (y) each Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater that is a Material Subsidiary and, except to the extent pledged as security for the Senior Secured Notes, is not a Joint Venture Subsidiary and, in the case of each of clause (x) and clause (y), that are owned directly by one or more U.S. Loan Parties shall have been pledged pursuant to, and to the extent required by, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and, if requested by the Administrative Agent in the case of any such Subsidiary that is a Foreign Subsidiary, a Foreign Pledge Agreement; provided that the U.S. Loan Parties shall not be required to pledge more than 65% of the issued and outstanding voting Equity Interests of any Domestic Subsidiary that is treated as a disregarded entity for United States federal income tax purposes and that holds voting Equity Interests of a Foreign Subsidiary or of any Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater that is a first-tier controlled foreign corporation (as

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defined in Section 957(a) of the Code) and shall not be required to pledge any Equity Interests in a subsidiary of a controlled foreign corporation (as defined in Section 957(a) of the Code) and (ii) the Collateral Agent shall have received certificates or other instruments (to the extent issued in certificate form) representing all such Equity Interests, together with undated stock powers or other instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank; provided , that the requirement set forth in this clause (ii) shall be deemed met to the extent that such certificates of other instruments shall have been delivered to the Notes Agent;
(d) [reserved];
(e) (i) solely to the extent required to be pledged pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement , all Indebtedness of any other Person that is owing to any U.S. Loan Party and is evidenced by a promissory note (other than Indebtedness in a principal amount of less than $ 5,000,000 20,000,000 , so long as the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness not pledged under this exclusion does not exceed $ 10,000,000 40,000,000 ) shall have been pledged pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and (ii) the Collateral Agent shall have received all such promissory notes, together with undated instruments of transfer with respect thereto endorsed in blank; provided , that the requirement set forth in this clause (ii) shall be deemed met to the extent that such certificates of other instruments shall have been delivered to the Notes Agent;
(f) the Administrative Agent shall have received a lender’s title insurance policy insuring that each Mortgage relating to any Mortgaged Property constitutes a first lien on such Mortgaged Property (subject to any Lien expressly permitted by Section 10.02 or otherwise agreed to by the Administrative Agent and other than as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement ), and the Administrative Agent shall have received such other documents relating to Mortgaged Properties as reasonably requested in writing by the Administrative Agent (including adequate flood insurance coverage); provided that on and after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, the requirements set forth in this paragraph (f) shall no longer be required to be satisfied;
(g) all documents and instruments, including UCC and PPSA financing statements or similar registration forms, required by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent to be filed, registered or recorded to create the Liens intended to be created by the Security Documents and perfect such Liens to the extent required by, and with the priority required by, the Security Documents, shall have been filed, registered or recorded or delivered to the Administrative Agent for filing, registering or recording and all filing, registration, stamping or recording duty or other fee shall have been paid (at the expense of the Borrowers);
(h) with respect to each deposit account of any Loan Party and each securities account, futures account and commodities account maintained by any Loan Party with any depositary bank, securities intermediary, futures intermediary or commodity intermediary (other than Excluded Accounts, the Note CIBC Cash Collateral Account , the CIBC Cash any Specified Secured Indebtedness Collateral Account and the Specified Collection Accounts), the Administrative Agent shall have received a counterpart, duly executed and delivered by the applicable Loan Party and such depositary bank, securities intermediary, futures intermediary or commodity intermediary, as the case may be, of a Control Agreement (which Control Agreements may also be for the benefit of the Notes Agent) ; and

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(i) (x) the Collateral Agent shall have received counterparts of each European Security Document duly executed by each Loan Party party thereto, along with customary legal opinions from counsel with respect thereto in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent and (y) each such Loan Party shall have taken all actions (including making all filings and registrations) as may be reasonably necessary for the purpose of the creation, perfection, protection or maintenance of any security interests conferred or intended to be conferred on the Collateral Agent by or pursuant to each European Security Document, including with respect to the Dutch Security Agreement, providing the Collateral Agent with evidence of the registration of the Dutch Security Agreement with the Dutch tax authority ( Belastingdienst ondernemingen ).
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this definition, (x) the delivery of the Control Agreements set forth in paragraph (h) shall not be a condition precedent to the Effective Date, but such Control Agreements shall be required to be delivered not later than the date that is 60 days following the Effective Date (subject to extension in the reasonable discretion of the Administrative Agent); (y) the delivery of the items set forth in clause (ii) of paragraph (c) and in clause (ii) of paragraph (e) shall not be a condition precedent to the Effective Date, but such items shall be required to be delivered not later than the date that is 45 days following the Effective Date; and (z) if the Administrative Agent reasonably determines that AbitibiBowater shall have used commercially reasonable efforts to procure and deliver, but shall nevertheless be unable to deliver, (A) any Mortgage (or any mortgage-related documents) or (B) any other Security Document or other document required pursuant to paragraph (i) above, in each case that is required in order to satisfy the foregoing requirements, such delivery shall not be a condition precedent to the Effective Date, but shall be required to be accomplished by such later date as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably determine; provided that this clause (z) shall be inapplicable with respect to (i) any real property as to which a Mortgage has been delivered to secure the Senior Secured Notes on or prior to the Effective Date and (ii) any Inventory located in the United Kingdom, Northern Ireland or the Netherlands that is included in the Borrowing Base on the Effective Date.
Collection Accounts ” shall mean, collectively, the U.S. Collection Accounts and , the Canadian Collection Accounts and the English Collection Accounts .
Commingled Inventory ” shall mean Inventory of any Loan Party that is commingled (whether pursuant to a consignment (as defined in Section 9-102 of the UCC), a toll manufacturing agreement or otherwise) with Inventory of another Person (other than another Loan Party) at a location owned or leased by a Loan Party to the extent that such Inventory of such Loan Party is not readily identifiable.
Commitment ” shall mean a U.S. Facility Commitment or a Canadian Facility Commitment.
Commitment Fees ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.01(a) .
“Commodity Exchange Act” means the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), as amended from time to time, and any successor statute.


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Compliance Amount ” shall mean an amount, at any time, equal to the greater of (i) $ 60,000,000 50,000,000 and (ii) the lesser of (x) 12.5 10.0 % of the Total Commitment at such time and (y) 12.5 10.0 % of the Total Borrowing Base at such time.
Compliance Period ” shall mean any period (x) commencing on the date on which the Excess Availability is has been less than the Compliance Amount for two consecutive Business Days and (y) ending on the first date thereafter on which (i) the Excess Availability has been equal to or greater than the Compliance Amount for 40 30 consecutive days and (ii) no Event of Default exists or is continuing .
Concentration Limit ” for any Account Debtor shall mean at any time an amount equal to (a) the aggregate Outstanding Balance of Eligible Accounts included in the Total Borrowing Base, after giving effect to the limits on concentration specified in the definition of Eligible Accounts (on an iterative basis), multiplied by (b) the applicable percentage set forth below:
(i)    if and so long as such Account Debtor has Debt Ratings of at least BBB- by S&P and Baa3 by Moody’s, 15.0%;
(ii)    if and so long as such Account Debtor has Debt Ratings from S&P or Moody’s and the preceding clause (i) is not applicable, 10.0%; or
(iii)    if neither of the preceding clauses is applicable, 5.0%; provided that unless and until the Collateral Agent determines that the circumstances warranting such treatment no longer exist, the Concentration Limit for Infoglobo Comunicacoes SA., a Brazilian entity, shall be 10.0%.
If the Debt Rating of any Account Debtor is downgraded such that the Concentration Limit for such Account Debtor would be reduced, such reduction in such Concentration Limit shall not occur until three Business Days after AbitibiBowater Resolute becomes aware of such downgrade.
Confidential Information ” shall mean all information and data, including, without limitation, technical, business, marketing and financial information, disclosed to the Agents (or any of them), any Issuing Lender or any Lender by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any of the Transactions, whether tangible, intangible, electronic, verbal or written form or by observation and all memoranda, summaries, samples, notes, analyses, compilations, studies, or other documents prepared by the Agents (or any of them), any Issuing Lender or any Lender which contain, reflect or are derived from such information and/or data; provided however , the term “ Confidential Information ” shall not include information or data which (a) is, or becomes, generally available other than as a result of a disclosure by the respective Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender in violation of any Loan Document, (b) is, or becomes, available to an Agent, any Issuing Lender or Lender on a non-confidential basis from a source other than AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries or its representatives, provided that such source is not, and was not, actually known by such Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender, as the case may be, to be prohibited from transmitting such information or data by any contractual, fiduciary or other legal obligation of confidentiality to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any

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of its Subsidiaries, or (c) was available to an Agent, an Issuing Lender or a Lender on a non-confidential basis prior to disclosure by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries or their respective representatives.
Confidential Information Memorandum ” shall mean the Confidential Information Memorandum of AbitibiBowater Resolute dated September 2010.
Confirmation Order ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 6(l) .
Consolidated EBITDA ” shall mean, for any period, Consolidated Net Income for such period, plus :
(a) without duplication and to the extent deducted in determining such Consolidated Net Income, the sum of:
(i) Consolidated Interest Expense for such period;
(ii) provision for taxes based on income, profits or losses (determined on a consolidated basis) during such period;
(iii) all amounts attributable to depreciation, depletion and amortization for such period;
(iv) any extraordinary losses for such period;
(v) any Non-Cash Charges for such period;
(vi) restructuring charges for such period relating to current or anticipated future cash expenditures, including restructuring costs related to closure or consolidation of facilities, in an aggregate amount not to exceed in any fiscal year $25,000,000 Test Period the greater of (x) $50,000,000 and (y) 15% of Consolidated EBITDA for such Test Period (prior to giving effect to this clause (vi)) ;
(vii) to the extent deducted from Consolidated Net Income for such period, cash fees, costs, expenses, commissions or other cash charges paid on or before December 31, 2010 in connection with this Agreement, the Senior Secured Notes Documents, the Bankruptcy Proceedings, the Plan of Reorganization and the transactions contemplated by the foregoing, including in connection with the termination or settlement of executory contracts, professional and accounting fees, costs and expenses, management incentive, employee retention or similar plans (in each case to the extent such plan is approved by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court), and litigation and settlements (but excluding interest and fees accruing after the Effective Date hereunder or under the Senior Secured Notes) , in an aggregate amount for all such periods not in excess of $220,000,000;
(viii)    other non-recurring charges for such period in an aggregate amount not to exceed $25,000,000 in any fiscal year $5,000,000 Test Period ; and

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(ix) deferred financing fees (and any write-offs thereof);
provided that, to the extent not reflected in Consolidated Net Income for the period in which such cash payment is made, any cash payment made with respect to any Non-Cash Charges added back in computing Consolidated EBITDA for any prior period pursuant to clause (v) above (or that would have been added back had this Agreement been in effect during such prior period) shall be subtracted in computing Consolidated EBITDA for the period in which such cash payment is made; and minus
(b) without duplication and to the extent included in determining such Consolidated Net Income:
(i) any extraordinary gains for such period; and
(ii) any non-cash gains for such period (excluding any non-cash gain to the extent it represents the reversal of an accrual or reserve for a potential cash item that reduced Consolidated EBITDA in any prior period);
in each case of clauses (a) and (b), determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP; provided further , that Consolidated EBITDA for any period shall be calculated so as to exclude (without duplication of any adjustment referred to above) the effect of:
(A) the cumulative effect of any changes in GAAP or accounting principles applied by management;
(B) any gain or loss for such period that represents after-tax gains or losses attributable to any sale, transfer or other disposition or abandonment of assets by AbitibiBowater Resolute , the Borrower or any of the Subsidiaries, other than dispositions or sales of inventory and other dispositions in the ordinary course of business;
(C) any income or loss for such period attributable to the early extinguishment of Indebtedness or accounts payable;
(D) any non-cash gains or losses on foreign currency derivatives and any foreign currency transaction non-cash gains or losses and any foreign currency exchange translation gains or losses that arise on consolidation of integrated operations;
(E) any re-evaluation of any assets or any liabilities due to “fresh‑start” accounting adjustments resulting from the Borrower’s emergence from the Bankruptcy Proceedings; and
(F) mark-to-market adjustments in the valuation of derivative obligations resulting from the application of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities .
Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio ” shall mean, for any period, the ratio of (a) Consolidated EBITDA for such period minus the sum of (A) the aggregate amount of all Capital Expenditures made by AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded

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Subsidiaries) during such period (other than Capital Expenditures to the extent financed with equity net cash proceeds, asset sale net cash proceeds, condemnation net cash proceeds, insurance net cash proceeds or Indebtedness but including Capital Expenditures to the extent financed with proceeds of Loans) plus (B) the amount of all cash payments during such period made by AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) in respect of income taxes (net of cash income tax refunds during such period) (excluding such cash payments related to asset sales not in the ordinary course of business) to (b) Consolidated Fixed Charges for such period. The Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio shall be determined on a pro forma basis as and to the extent provided in Section 1.04 and otherwise in accordance with GAAP.
Consolidated Fixed Charges ” shall mean, for any period, the sum of (a) cash Consolidated Interest Expense of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) for such period plus (b) the scheduled principal payments made during such period on all Indebtedness for borrowed money and Capital Leases of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) for such period plus (c) the aggregate amount of all cash Restricted Payments paid by AbitibiBowater Resolute during such period (with respect to repurchases of Equity Interests of Resolute, in excess of $10,000,000 per fiscal quarter) , plus (d) (i) actual cash pension funding payments made by AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) with respect to pension funding obligations for such period, minus (ii) the profit and loss statement charge (or benefit) with respect to such pension funding obligations for such period.
Consolidated Interest Expense ” shall mean, for any period, the interest expense (other than for the purposes of Consolidated Fixed Charges, net of interest income on Permitted Investments) of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries for such period determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. For purposes of the foregoing, interest expense shall be determined after giving effect to any net payments made or received by AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries with respect to Hedging Agreements, but excluding any gain or loss recognized under GAAP that results from the mark-to-market valuation of any Hedging Agreement.
Consolidated Net Income ” shall mean, for any period, the net income (or loss) of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for such period taken as a single accounting period determined in conformity with GAAP, provided that there shall be excluded from such calculation (a) the income (or loss) of any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is not wholly owned by AbitibiBowater Resolute to the extent such income (or loss) is attributable to the noncontrolling interest in such Subsidiary , (b) any gain or loss recognized from the settlement after the effective date of the Plans of claims under the Bankruptcy Proceedings, provided that any payment in respect thereof is made in accordance with the Plans, (c) the income (or loss) of any Person accrued prior to the date it becomes (or, for pro forma purposes, is deemed to have become) a Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute or is merged into or consolidated with AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries or the date that Person’s assets are acquired by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries and (d) the income (or loss) of any Excluded Subsidiary, except, in the case of Augusta Newsprint only, to the extent of any cash dividends paid by Augusta Newsprint to any Loan Party during such period.

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Contract ” shall mean an agreement between a Borrower and an Account Debtor (including, in the case of any open account agreement, an invoice), pursuant to or under which such Account Debtor shall be obligated to pay for merchandise, insurance or services from time to time.
Control ” of a Person shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. “ Controlling ” and “ Controlled ” shall have meanings correlative thereto.
Control Agreement ” shall mean, with respect to any deposit account, securities account, futures account or commodities account maintained by any Loan Party, a control agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, duly executed and delivered by such Loan Party and the depositary bank, the securities intermediary, futures intermediary or commodity intermediary, as the case may be, with which such account is maintained . or, in the case of any deposit account, securities account, futures account or commodities account which is the subject of security created under any European Security Document, a notice sent pursuant to the terms of the relevant European Security Document by the Loan Party in whose name such account is held to the depositary bank, the securities intermediary, future intermediary or commodity intermediary, as the case may be, with which such account is maintained and duly acknowledged by the addressee of such notice.
Core Canadian Concentration Account ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03(d) .
“Core Concentration Accounts” shall mean, collectively, the Core U.S. Concentration Accounts and the Core Canadian Concentration Accounts.
“Core U.S. Concentration Account” shall have the meaning provided in Section  5.03(d).
Country Concentration Limit ” shall mean at any time, for any Approved Country other than the United States or Canada, an amount equal to (a) the aggregate Outstanding Balance of Eligible Accounts included in the Total Borrowing Base, after giving effect to the limits on concentration specified in the definition of Eligible Accounts (on an iterative basis), multiplied by (b) the applicable percentage set forth below:
(i) if such Approved Country has Foreign Currency Long Term Debt Ratings of BBB- or better from S&P and Ba1 or better from Moody’s, 15%; or
(ii) otherwise, 10%;
provided that the Collateral Agent may, in its Discretion and at any time, on account of bona fide credit reasons, reduce (to a lesser amount or to zero) any Country Concentration Limit, but such reduction shall not become effective until three Business Days after written notice of such reduction is received by AbitibiBowater Resolute .


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Core Concentration Accounts ” shall mean, collectively, the Core U.S. Concentration Accounts and the Core Canadian Concentration Accounts.
Core U.S. Concentration Account ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03(d) .
Credit Account ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03( g i ) .
Credit Event ” shall mean the making of any Loan or the issuance, amendment, extension or renewal of any Letter of Credit.
Debtors ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Debt Rating ” for any Person, shall mean the public rating by S&P of such Person’s long term non credit enhanced, senior unsecured debt, or the corporate family rating assigned to such Person by Moody’s.
Default ” shall mean any event, act or condition which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default.
Defaulted Account ” shall mean an Account:
(i)    as to which any payment, or part thereof, remains unpaid for more than 90 days (60 days in the case of an International Account and 45 days in the case of an Approved DIP Account) from the original due date for such payment;
(ii)    except in the case of an Approved DIP Account , as to which the Account Debtor thereof or any other Person obligated thereon has taken any action, or suffered any event to occur, of the type described in Section 11.01(g) or (h) ;
(iii)    which, consistent with AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s customary receivables credit and collection policies, would be written off AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s or the applicable Loan Party’s books as uncollectible; or
(iv)    for which AbitibiBowater Resolute or the applicable Loan Party has established an Account Debtor specific reserve for non-payment.
Defaulting Lender ” shall mean, at any time of determination thereof, any Lender that (i) has failed to fund within three Business Days any portion of the Revolving Loans, participations in Letter of Credit Outstandings or participations in Swingline Loans required to be funded by it hereunder (including its obligations under Section 2.01(a) or (c), Section 2.04 or Section 3 ), (ii) has otherwise failed to pay over to the Administrative Agent or any other Lender within three Business Days any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder unless the subject of a good faith dispute, (iii) has become the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding or a takeover (in receivership or similar proceeding) by a Governmental Authority or (iv) has notified AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Issuing Lender, the any Swingline Lender and/or the Administrative Agent of any of the foregoing (including any notification of its intent not to comply with its funding

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obligations described in preceding clause (i)); provided that for purposes of Section 2.01 with respect to Swingline Loans, Section 3 and any documentation entered into pursuant to the Letter of Credit Back‑Stop Arrangements only, the term “ Defaulting Lender ” shall also include (a) any Lender with an affiliate that (x) either (A) Controls such Lender or (B) is under common Control with such Lender and (y) has become the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding or a takeover by a Governmental Authority or does not meet a capital adequacy or liquidity requirement applicable to such affiliate as determined by the relevant Governmental Authority, and (b) any Lender that previously constituted a “ Defaulting Lender ” under this Agreement, unless such Lender has ceased to constitute a “ Defaulting Lender ” for a period of at least 90 consecutive days.
Deposit Account ” shall mean a demand, time, savings, passbook or like account with a bank, savings and loan association, credit union or like organization.
“Designated Blocked Accounts” shall mean, collectively, the Canadian Designated Blocked Accounts, the U.S. Designated Blocked Accounts and the English Designated Blocked Accounts.
Designated Obligations ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 15.01(e) .
Dilution Factors ” shall mean, without duplication, with respect to any period, the aggregate amount of all bad debt write-downs, discounts, credits, returns, rebates, and other dilutive items.
Dilution Ratio ” shall mean, at any date, as to the Accounts owned by any Person, the amount (expressed as a percentage) that is the result of dividing the U.S. Dollar aggregate amount (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars) of (a) the applicable Dilution Factors for the twelve most recently ended fiscal months with respect to such Person’s Accounts, by (b) such Person’s total gross sales with respect to their Accounts for the twelve most recently ended fiscal months.
Dilution Reserve ” shall mean, in the case of the Canadian Borrowing Base, the Canadian Dilution Reserve, and in the case of the U.S. Borrowing Base, the U.S. Dilution Reserve.
DIP Facilities ” shall mean (i) the Second Amended and Restated Receivables Purchase Agreement dated as of June 16, 2009 among Abitibi-Consolidated U.S. Funding Corp. (n/k/a/ Abitibi Consolidated Sales LLC) , Citibank, as agent, and the other parties thereto and (ii) the Senior Secured Superpriority Debtor in Possession Credit Agreement dated as of April 21, 2009 as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time among AbitibiBowater (n/k/a/ Resolute) , Bowater Incorporated (n/k/a/ Resolute US) , Bowater Canadian Forest Products Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) and the other parties thereto; and (iii) the loan agreement dated as of November 16, 2009 as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time among Abitibi AbiBow Canada Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) and 3239432 Nova Scotia Company.
Discharge of ABL Obligations ” shall, prior to the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to such term in the form of Intercreditor Agreement attached as Exhibit E hereto, and after the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to such term in the Intercreditor Agreement.

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Disclosure Statement ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Discretion ” shall mean the Collateral Agent’s good faith exercise of its reasonable (from the perspective of a secured asset-based lender) discretion in a manner consistent with its customary credit policies and practices for asset-based credit facilities.  It is understood and agreed that the foregoing shall not limit the Collateral Agent’s reasonable discretion (from the perspective of an asset-based lender) to establish Reserves in good faith to reflect the status of, and ongoing developments with respect to, any Ontario Pension Plan in an amount not to exceed the lesser of (i) the amount of the funding deficiency of such Ontario Pension Plan and (ii) the amount of the Canadian Borrowing Base attributable to Inventory located in the Province of Ontario which is owned by any Canadian Loan Party participating in any such Ontario Pension Plan ( provided , that in the event that any such Canadian Loan Party is “located” in the Province of Ontario for purposes of the PPSA, clause (ii) shall also include the amount of the Canadian Borrowing Base attributable to Accounts of  such Canadian Loan Party).
Disqualified Equity Interests ” shall mean that portion of any Equity Interest which, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable (other than redeemable only for Equity Interests of such Person that are not Disqualified Equity Interests), pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or is redeemable at the option of the holder thereof, on or prior to the date that is six months after the Revolving Loan Maturity Date, provided , however , that any Equity Interest that would not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest but for provisions thereof giving holders thereof the right to require such Person to purchase or redeem such Equity Interest upon the occurrence of a “change of control” shall not constitute a Disqualified Equity Interest if:
(1)    the “change of control” provisions applicable to such Equity Interest are not more favorable to the holders of such Equity Interest than the terms applicable to the Loans; and
(2)    any such requirement only becomes operative after compliance with such terms applicable to the Loans.
Documentation Agent ” shall mean each of JPMCB and Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC, each in its capacity as Documentation Agent in respect of the credit facilities hereunder, and any successors thereto.
Domestic ” when used in reference to any item, shall mean that such item is within the United States or any State or other political subdivision thereof (including the District of Columbia).
Domestic Subsidiary ” of any Person shall mean any Subsidiary of such Person organized under the laws of the United States or any State thereof (including the District of Columbia).

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Dominion Period ” shall mean any period (i) commencing on the date after the date on which (x) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (except in the case of an Event of Default under Section 11.01(g) or (h) ) notice of commencement of a Dominion Period has been delivered by the Administrative Agent to the Loan Parties or (y) the Excess Availability is less than the Compliance Amount for two consecutive Business Days and (ii) ending on the first date thereafter on which (x) no Event of Default exists and (y) the Excess Availability has been equal to or greater than the Compliance Amount for forty-five thirty consecutive days. The Administrative Agent may, if it so elects, and shall, if so instructed by the Required Lenders, deliver the notice contemplated by clause (i) above promptly upon becoming aware of the existence of an Event of Default.
Draft ” shall mean, at any time, either a depository bill within the meaning of the Depository Bills and Notes Act (Canada) as amended, or a bill of exchange, within the meaning of the Bills of Exchange Act (Canada) as amended, drawn by a Borrower in Canadian Dollars on a Canadian Facility Lender and bearing such distinguishing letters and numbers as such Canadian Facility Lender may determine, but which at such time has not been completed or accepted by such Canadian Facility Lender.
Drawing ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.05(b) .
Drawing Date ” shall mean the date on which a Draft is drawn.
Drawing Fee ” shall mean, in respect of a Draft drawn by a Borrower hereunder and accepted by a B/A Lender or a Draft (or B/A Equivalent Note exchanged therefor) purchased by a Non-B/A Lender, a fee calculated on the Face Amount of such Draft (or B/A Equivalent Note exchanged therefor) at a rate per annum equal to the Applicable Margin for Bankers’ Acceptance Loans on the Drawing Date of such Draft (or B/A Equivalent Note exchanged therefor). Drawing Fees shall be calculated on the basis of the term to maturity of the Draft (or B/A Equivalent Note exchanged therefor) and a year of 365 days.
Dutch Security Agreement ” shall mean a Dutch law deed of non-possessory pledge among the Loan Parties party thereto and the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent.
Effective Date ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.10(b) . The “Effective Date” occurred on December 9, 2010.
Effective Date Borrowing Base Certificate ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 6(t) .
Eligible Account ” shall mean, at any time, an Account created by a Loan Party in the ordinary course of its business, that arise out of its sale of goods (other than promotional products not held for sale) or rendition of services:
(a)    which is subject to a first priority perfected Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the relevant Security Documents;

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(b)    which is not subject to any Lien other than (i) a Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the relevant Security Documents, (ii) a Lien (if any) permitted by Section 10.02 which is junior in priority to the Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the relevant Security Documents, and (iii) an unregistered Lien in respect of Canadian Priority Payables that are not yet due and payable;
(c)    which (i) arises from the sale of goods or performance of services in the ordinary course of business, (ii) is evidenced by an invoice or other documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent which has been sent to the Account Debtor (which may include electronic transmission) and (iii) does not represent a progress billing, a sale on a bill-and-hold, guaranteed sale, sale-and-return, sale on approval, consignment, cash-on-delivery or any other repurchase or return basis;
(d)    in the case of any International Account, which is either (i) fully insured (to the extent provided for therein) by the Insurance Policy; provided that no International Account shall be an Eligible Account under this sub-clause (i) following the occurrence of an Insurance Policy Event or (ii) secured by a letter of credit acceptable to the Collateral Agent which has been assigned to the Collateral Agent in a manner satisfactory to the Collateral Agent;
(e)    the Account Debtor of which is an Eligible Account Debtor and is not an Affiliate of any Loan Party;
(f)    that is not owing from an Account Debtor that is an agency, department or instrumentality of the United States, any state thereof, of the federal government of Canada, or any province, territory or subdivision thereof or that is an agency, department or instrumentality of any country other than the United States or Canada or any state, territory, province or other political subdivision of a country other than the United States or Canada unless the applicable Loan Party shall have satisfied the requirements of the Assignment of Claims Act of 1940 in the case of Accounts owing from any agency, department or instrumentality of the United States, the Financial Administration Act (Canada) in the case of Accounts owing from an agency, department or instrumentality of the federal government of Canada or any province, territory or subdivision thereof, and any similar state, federal or provincial legislation or any similar foreign legislation and the Administrative Agent is satisfied as to the absence of setoffs, counterclaims and other defenses on the part of such Account Debtor;
(g)    which is not a Defaulted Account; provided , that any International Account that is a Defaulted Account but that is not otherwise ineligible for inclusion as an “Eligible Account” as a result of the operation of any other clause of the definition of “Eligible Account” shall be deemed to not be a Defaulted Account for purposes of this clause (g) if and to the extent that such International Account is fully insured by the Insurance Policy (for the avoidance of doubt, after giving effect to any customer, country or other limitations set forth in the Insurance Policy);
(h)    the Account Debtor of which is not the Account Debtor of any Defaulted Accounts which in the aggregate constitute 50% or more of the aggregate Outstanding Balance of all Accounts of such Account Debtor;

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(i)    which has been billed and, according to the Contract related thereto, is required to be paid in full within (1) 90 days (or, solely in the case of Accounts that are not International Accounts and are not subject to or included or to be included as part of an accounts receivable factoring program (it being understood that any Account that has been factored shall in no event constitute an Eligible Account), if so agreed by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion, 120 days (such Accounts, “Long Dated Accounts”) of the original billing date therefor or (2) if such Account is an International Account, 180 days of the original billing date, provided that, in each case, the “maximum payment terms” with respect to such Account set forth in the Insurance Policy permits such payment terms; provided further, that (A) Long Dated Accounts that are Eligible Canadian/English Accounts shall not account for more than 25% of the aggregate Outstanding Balance of all Eligible Canadian/English Accounts and (B) Long Dated Accounts that are Eligible U.S. Accounts shall not account for more than 25% of the aggregate Outstanding Balance of all Eligible U.S. Accounts;
(j)    which is not subject to any deduction, offset, counterclaim, defense or dispute (other than (i) sales discounts given in the ordinary course of the applicable Loan Party’s business and reflected in the amount of such Account as set forth in the invoice or other supporting material therefor or (ii) an offset or counterclaim of a nature specifically addressed in the determination of the applicable Borrowing Base); provided , however , that if an Account satisfies all of the requirements of an Eligible Account other than this clause (j), such Account shall be an Eligible Account, but only to the extent the amount of such Account exceeds such deduction, offset, counterclaim, defense or dispute or other conditions;
(k)    which is denominated and payable only in Dollars, Canadian Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling;
(l)    which represents a bona fide, legal, valid and binding obligation of the Account Debtor of such Account to pay the stated amount, as to which the applicable Loan Party has satisfied and fully performed all obligations with respect to such Account required to be fulfilled by it as a condition to payment thereon by the applicable Account Debtor;
(m)    which, together with the Contract related thereto, does not contravene in any material respect any laws, rules or regulations applicable thereto (including, without limitation, laws, rules and regulations relating to usury, consumer protection, truth in lending, fair credit billing, fair credit reporting, equal credit opportunity, fair debt collection practices and privacy) in a manner that would affect the enforceability of such Account and with respect to which none of the Loan Parties or the Account Debtor is in violation of any such law, rule or regulation in any material respect in a manner that would affect the enforceability of such Account;
(n)    which arises under a Contract which does not contain a legally enforceable provision requiring the Account Debtor thereunder to consent to the creation of a lien thereon (unless a written consent of such Account Debtor has been obtained) or that otherwise restricts in a legally enforceable manner the ability of the Agents or the Banks to exercise their rights under the Loan Documents, including, without limitation, their right to review the related invoice or the payment terms of such Contract;

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(o)    in the case of an Account originated by a Canadian Loan Party, the Account Debtor of which has a billing address in Canada, (i) which was not issued for an amount in excess of the fair market value of the merchandise, insurance or services provided by the Canadian Loan Party to which the Account relates and (ii) as to which no Contract or any other books, records or other information relating to such Account contain any “ personal information ” as defined in, or any other information regulated under (x) the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (Canada), or (y) any other similar statutes of Canada or any province or territory thereof in force from time to time which restrict, control, regulate or otherwise govern the collection, holding, use or communication of information;
(p)    which, when aggregated with all other Accounts of the same Account Debtor, is not in excess of such Account Debtor’s Concentration Limit (but the portion of the Accounts not in excess of such Concentration Limit shall not be deemed ineligible due to this clause (p));
(q)    which, when aggregated with all other Accounts of Account Debtors with a billing address in any Approved Country other than Canada or the United States, is not in excess of the Country Concentration Limit for such Approved Country (but the portion of the Accounts not in excess of such Country Concentration Limit shall not be deemed ineligible due to this clause (q)); and
(s)      in relation to which, if the security interest in such Account has been granted pursuant to the U.K. Security Documents, the relevant Guarantor has informed the relevant Account Debtor in writing that it has assigned by way of security to the Collateral Agent certain rights in respect of its assets, including those represented by the Eligible Accounts, and has requested such Account Debtor to acknowledge receipt of such notice; and
( r t )    which is not otherwise unacceptable to the Collateral Agent in its Discretion.
Eligible Account Debtor ” shall mean an Account Debtor which:
(i)    has a billing address in an Approved Country;
(ii)    is not a Person with respect to which the United States, Canada or any other Approved Country shall have imposed sanctions;
(iii)    is not in violation of any Anti-Terrorism Laws;
(iv)    is not a Person (A) that is listed in the annex to, or otherwise subject to the provisions of, the Executive Order, (B) that is owned or controlled by, or acting for or on behalf of, any Person that is listed in the annex to, or is otherwise subject to the provisions of, the Executive Order, (C) with which a Lender or a Loan Party is prohibited from dealing or otherwise engaging in any transaction by any Anti-Terrorism Law, (D) that commits, threatens or conspires to commit or supports “terrorism” as defined in the Executive Order, or (E) that is named as a “specifically designated national and blocked person” on the most current list published by the U.S. Treasury Department Office of Foreign Assets Control at

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its official website or any replacement website or other replacement official publication of such list or any similar lists published in any other Approved Country; and
(v)    is not a Person (A) whose property or interest in property is otherwise blocked or subject to blocking pursuant to Section 1 of the Executive Order or any other Anti-Terrorism Law, or (B) that engages in any dealings or transactions prohibited by Section 2 of the Executive Order or any other Anti-Terrorism Law, or is otherwise associated with any such Person in any manner violative of such Section 2 or any other Anti-Terrorism Law.
Eligible Canadian Accounts ” shall mean the Eligible Accounts owned by the Canadian Loan Parties.
“Eligible Canadian/English Accounts” shall mean Eligible Canadian Accounts and Eligbile English Accounts.
Eligible Canadian Inventory ” shall mean the Eligible Inventory owned by the Canadian Loan Parties.
“Eligible Canadian/English Inventory” shall mean Eligible Canadian Inventory and Eligible English Inventory.
“Eligible International Accounts” shall mean any Eligible Account that is an International Account.
Eligible Inventory ” means, at any time, the Inventory of the Loan Parties, but excluding any Inventory:
(a)    which is not subject to a first priority perfected Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the relevant Security Documents;
(b)    which is subject to any Lien other than (i) a Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the relevant Security Documents, (ii) a Lien (if any) permitted by Section 10.02 which is junior in priority to the Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the relevant Security Documents (unless as to any particular Lien, the Collateral Agent has established a Reserve in lieu of obtaining an agreement subordinating such Lien of the Collateral Agent), and (iii) an unregistered Lien in respect of Canadian Priority Payables that are not yet due and payable;
(c)    which is determined, based on the Loan Parties’ historical practices and procedures, in each case, which are reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, slow moving, obsolete, unmerchantable, defective, used, unfit for sale, or unacceptable due to age, type, category or quantity;
(d)    with respect to which any covenant, representation, or warranty contained in this Agreement or the Security Documents has been breached or is not true in any material respect and which does not conform in any material respect to all applicable standards imposed by any Governmental Authority that would affect the ability of the Loan Parties to sell such Inventory;

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(e)    in which any Person other than such Loan Party or any other Loan Party shall (i) have any direct or indirect ownership, interest or title to such Inventory, other than in respect of the interest of any carrier of Inventory in transit or (ii) be indicated on any purchase order or invoice with respect to such Inventory as having or purporting to have an interest therein;
(f)    which is not located in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom U.K. , the Netherlands, Northern Ireland or such other jurisdiction as may be acceptable to the Collateral Agent in its Discretion, or is in transit (other than between locations in the United States, Canada , the U.K. or such other jurisdiction as may be acceptable to the Collateral Agent in its Discretion, controlled by Loan Parties, to the extent included in current perpetual inventory reports of any Loan Party);
(g)    which (i) is located in any location leased by a Loan Party unless (A) the lessor has delivered to the Collateral Agent a Collateral Access Agreement or (B) a Rent Reserve with respect to such facility has been established by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion; (ii) is located at an owned location subject to a mortgage or other security interest in favor of a creditor other than the Collateral Agent or , to the Notes Agent extent permitted by Section 10.02(a)(iii)(y), the holders of Specified Secured Indebtedness (or the representative thereof) or is located in any third party warehouse or other storage facility or is in the possession of a bailee unless (A) such mortgagee, warehouseman or bailee has delivered to the Collateral Agent a Collateral Access Agreement and such other documentation as the Collateral Agent may require in its Discretion or (B) a Rent Reserve or other Reserve has been established by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion; or (iii) is located in any location where the aggregate Eligible Inventory is less than $100,000, but only to the extent that the Eligible Inventory at such locations in the aggregate exceeds $1,000,000;
(h)    which is being processed offsite at a third party location or outside processor, or is in-transit to said third party location or outside processor, unless an appropriate Reserve has been established with respect to such Inventory;
(i)    which is a discontinued product;
(j)    which is the subject of a consignment by such Loan Party as consignor;
(k)    which contains or bears any intellectual property rights licensed to such Loan Party unless the Collateral Agent is satisfied that it may sell or otherwise dispose of such Inventory without (i) infringing the rights of such licensor, (ii) violating any contract with such licensor, or (iii) incurring any liability with respect to payment of royalties other than royalties incurred pursuant to sale of such Inventory under the current licensing agreement;
(l)    which is not reflected in a current inventory report of such Loan Party (unless such Inventory is reflected in a report to the Collateral Agent as “in transit” Inventory);
(m)    for which reclamation or revendication rights have been asserted by the seller;
(n)    which consists of goods that are not in salable condition;
(o)    which is Commingled Inventory;

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(p)    which is not covered by casualty insurance as and to the extent required by the terms of this Agreement;
(q)    which consists of Hazardous Materials or goods (other than fuels) that can be transported or sold only with licenses that are not readily available;
(r)    in which any portion of the cost of such Inventory is attributable to intercompany profit between any Loan Party and any of its Affiliates (but only to the extent of such portion);
(s)    which could be subject to repossession pursuant to Section 81.1 or Section 81.2 of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) or similar provisions of applicable law except to the extent the applicable vendor has entered into an agreement with the Collateral Agent, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, waiving its right to repossession; or
(t)    which is otherwise unacceptable to the Collateral Agent in its Discretion.

Eligible Transferee ” shall mean and include a commercial bank, an insurance company, a finance company, a financial institution, any fund that invests in loans or any other “accredited investor” (as defined in Regulation D of the Securities Act); provided that an Eligible Transferee shall exclude individuals and AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates.
“Eligible English Accounts” shall mean the Eligible Accounts owned by the English Loan Parties.
“Eligible English Inventory” shall mean the Eligible Inventory owned by the English Loan Parties.
Eligible U.S. Accounts ” shall mean the Eligible Accounts owned by the U.S. Loan Parties.
Eligible U.S. Inventory ” shall mean the Eligible Inventory owned by the U.S. Loan Parties.
End Date ” shall mean, in respect of any Start Date, the last day of the calendar month in which such Start Date occurred.
“English Collection Account” shall mean each account established at an English Collection Bank subject to a Control Agreement into which funds shall be transferred as provided in Section 5.03(d).
“English Collection Banks” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03(d).]
“English Designated Blocked Account” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.04(c).

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“English Guarantor” shall mean each English Subsidiary of Resolute that becomes a party to the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, unless and until such time as such English Guarantor is released from all of its obligations under the English Subsidiary Guaranteee Agreement and the Security Documents to which it is a party in accordance with the terms and provisions thereof.
“English Loan Parties” shall mean the English Guarantors.
“English Secured Obligations” shall mean and include (a) all Loan Document Obligations owing by any English Loan Party, and (b) all amounts paid (or incurred) by any Indemnified Person as to which such Indemnified Person has the right to reimbursement by an English Loan Party under Section 13.01 or any indemnity contained in any U.K. Security Document, in each case excluding the Excluded Swap Obligations.
“English Security Agreement” shall mean the English law security agreement dated 27 July 2012 among the Loan Parties party thereto and the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties.
“English Subsidiary” of any Person shall mean any Subsidiary of such Person incorporated or organized under the laws of England and Wales.
English Security Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement ” shall mean an the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, governed by New York law deed of charge , among the Loan Parties English Subsidiaries of Resolute party thereto and the Collateral Agent, guaranteeing the Canadian Loan Party Obligations for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in form and substance as may be entered into following the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, in such form reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent.
Environmental Laws ” shall mean all current and future federal, state, provincial, local, supranational and foreign laws, rules or regulations, codes, ordinances, orders, decrees, judgments or injunctions issued, promulgated, approved or entered thereunder or other requirements of Governmental Authorities or the common law, relating to health, safety (including, but not limited to, the health and safety of workers), or pollution or protection of the environment, natural resources, the climate or threatened or endangered species, including laws relating to emissions, discharges, Releases or threatened releases of, or exposure to, pollutants, contaminants, chemicals or industrial, toxic or hazardous substances, or wastes into the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, generation, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of pollutants, contaminants, chemicals, or industrial, toxic or hazardous substances, or wastes, or underground storage tanks and emissions or releases therefrom.
Equity Interests ” shall mean the shares of capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests, beneficial interests or other ownership interests, whether voting or nonvoting, in, or interests in the income or profits of, a Person, and any warrants, options or other rights entitling the holder thereof to purchase or acquire any of the foregoing.

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ERISA ” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or any successor statute, as the same may be amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated and rulings issued thereunder.
ERISA Affiliate ” shall mean any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that, together with any Borrower, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b) or 414(c) of the Code or, solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(m) and (o) of the Code.
ERISA Event ” shall mean (a) any “reportable event”, as defined in Section 4043 of ERISA with respect to a Benefit Plan (other than an event for which the 30‑day notice period is waived); (b) a failure by any Benefit Plan to satisfy the minimum funding standard within the meaning of Section 412 or Section 413 of the Code or Section 302 or Section 303 of ERISA, applicable to such Benefit Plan, in each case whether or not waived; (c) the filing pursuant to Section 412(c) of the Code or Section 302(c) of ERISA, of an application for a waiver of the minimum funding standard with respect to any Benefit Plan, (d) a determination that any Benefit Plan is, or is expected to be, in “at-risk” status (as defined in Section 303(i)(4) of ERISA or Section 430(i)(4) of the Code); (e) the incurrence by any Loan Party or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates of any liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the termination of any Benefit Plan; (f) the receipt by any Loan Party or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates from the PBGC or a plan administrator of any notice relating to an intention to terminate any Benefit Plan or Benefit Plans or to appoint a trustee to administer any Benefit Plan; (g) the incurrence by any Loan Party or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates of any liability with respect to the withdrawal or partial withdrawal from any Benefit Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (h) the receipt by any Loan Party or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates of any notice, or the receipt by any Multiemployer Plan from any Loan Party or any their respective ERISA Affiliates of any notice, concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability or any notice that a Multiemployer Plan is, or is expected to be, insolvent or in reorganization, within the meaning of Title IV of ERISA or in endangered or critical status, within the meaning of Section 432 of the Code or Section 305 of ERISA; (i) the occurrence of a non-exempt “prohibited transaction” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA) in connection with a Benefit Plan with respect to which any Loan Party or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates is a “disqualified person” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code) or a “party in interest” (as defined in Section 406 of ERISA) or could otherwise be liable; (j) the failure to make by its due date a required installment under Section 430(j) of the Code or Section 303(j) of ERISA with respect to any Benefit Plan or the failure to make a required contribution to a Multiemployer Plan or (k) any other event or condition with respect to a Plan or Multiemployer Plan that could result in liability of any Loan Party or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates (other than liabilities for funding obligations and claims for benefits in the ordinary course and pursuant to the terms of the Benefit Plan or Multiemployer Plan).
Escrow Securities ” shall have the meaning specified in Amendment No. 4.
“Escrow Indebtedness” shall mean any Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 10.01, the proceeds of which are deposited in an Escrow Indebtedness Escrow Account.

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Escrow Securities Indebtedness Escrow Account ” shall have the meaning specified in Amendment No. 4. mean an escrow account subject to a customary escrow agreement providing for the release of the proceeds of the applicable Escrow Indebtedness upon the occurrence of a specified contingency and that does not hold any ABL Priority Collateral (such escrow agreement, the “Escrow Indebtedness Escrow Agreement”).
Escrow Securities Indebtedness Escrow Agreement ” shall have the meaning specified in Amendment No. 4 provided in the definition of “Escrow Indebtedness Escrow Account” .
Euro ” means the single currency of the Participating Member States.
Eurodollar Loan ” shall mean each U.S. Dollar Denominated Loan designated as such by the Borrower of such U.S. Dollar Denominated Loan at the time of the incurrence thereof or conversion thereto bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to the Eurodollar Rate.
Eurodollar Rate ” shall mean (a) the rate appearing on Reuters Screen Libor 01 (or on any successor or substitute page of such screen, or any successor to or substitute for such screen, providing rate quotations comparable to those currently provided on such page of such screen, as determined by the Administrative Agent from time to time for purposes of providing quotations of interest rates applicable to dollar deposits in the London interbank market) at approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, two Business Days prior to the applicable Interest Determination Date, as the rate for dollar deposits with a maturity comparable to such Interest Period, divided by (b) a percentage equal to 100% minus the then stated maximum rate of all reserve requirements (including, without limitation, any marginal, emergency, supplemental, special or other reserves required by applicable law) applicable to any member bank of the Federal Reserve System in respect of Eurocurrency funding or liabilities as defined in Regulation D of the Board (or any successor category of liabilities under Regulation D).
European Area ” shall mean the United Kingdom U.K. , Belgium, Ireland and Germany.
European Security Documents ” shall mean the Dutch Security Agreement , the English Security Agreement and the Northern Irish U.K. Security Agreement Documents .
Event of Default ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 11.01 .
Excess Availability ” shall mean, as of any date of determination, an amount equal to (a) the lesser of (i) the Total Commitment at such time and (ii) the Total Borrowing Base at such time minus (b) the Aggregate Exposure at such time.
Excluded Accounts ” shall mean (i) any disbursement deposit account the funds in which are used solely (other than to a de minimis extent) for the payment of salaries and wages, employee benefits, workers’ compensation and similar expenses or that has an ending daily balance of zero; (ii) trust accounts for the benefit of directors, officers or employees; (iii) the escrow account established under the Senior Secured Notes Documents and the Escrow Securities any Escrow Indebtedness Escrow Account to the extent that such account (x) is subject to the an Escrow

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Securities Indebtedness Escrow Agreement and (y) holds only (A) the net proceeds of the Escrow Securities Indebtedness , (B) funds in an amount sufficient to pay accrued interest on the such Escrow Securities Indebtedness and any redemption premium required to be paid thereon in connection with a mandatory redemption thereof and any fees and expenses required to be paid in accordance with the such Escrow Securities Indebtedness Escrow Agreement and the applicable documentation relating to the such Escrow Securities Indebtedness and (C) any earnings on the amounts described in the preceding clauses (A) and (B) and this clause (C), in each case in accordance with the applicable Escrow Securities Indebtedness Escrow Agreement and the applicable documentation relating to the such Escrow Securities Indebtedness ; (iv) any account held by a Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party; and (v ) any Specified Secured Indebtedness Collateral Account; and (vi ) deposit accounts, securities accounts and commodities accounts, the aggregate average daily balance in which, together with the aggregate average daily balance in all Specified Collection Accounts (in each case determined for the most recently completed calendar month) does not at any time exceed (x) $ 20,000,000 50,000,000 in the aggregate for all such accounts if Excess Availability is greater than $150,000,000 or (y) $ 10,000,000 20,000,000 in the aggregate for all such accounts if Excess Availability is less than or equal to $150,000,0000, provided , however , that, notwithstanding the above, an account shall not be an Excluded Account if (x) a Control Agreement over such account is entered into for the benefit of the Notes Agent or (y) such account is a Core Concentration Account or , a Collection Account or a Designated Blocked Account .
Excluded Subsidiaries ” shall mean each QSPE.
“Excluded Swap Obligation” means, with respect to any Guarantor, any Swap Obligation if, and to the extent that, all or a portion of the Guarantee of such Guarantor of, or the grant by such Guarantor of a security interest to secure, such Swap Obligation (or any Guarantee thereof) (after giving effect to any keepwell, support or other agreement provided by Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the obligations of such Guarantor) is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act or any rule, regulation or order of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (or the application or official interpretation of any thereof) by virtue of such Guarantor’s failure for any reason to constitute an “eligible contract participant” as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder at the time the Guarantee of such Guarantor or the grant of such security interest becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation. If a Swap Obligation arises under a master agreement governing more than one swap, such exclusion shall apply only to the portion of such Swap Obligation that is attributable to swaps for which such guaranty or security interest is or becomes illegal.

Executive Order ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 8.24(a) .
Existing Letters of Credit ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.01(a)(B) .
Expenses ” shall mean all present and future reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent in connection with this Agreement, any other Loan Document or otherwise in its capacity as the Administrative Agent under this Agreement or the Collateral Agent under any Security Document under this Agreement, whether incurred heretofore or hereafter, which expenses shall include, without limitation, the expenses set forth in Section 13.01 .

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Face Amount ” shall mean, in respect of a Draft, Bankers’ Acceptance or B/A Equivalent Note, as the case may be, the amount payable to the holder thereof on its maturity. The Face Amount of any Bankers’ Acceptance Loan shall be equal to the aggregate Face Amounts of the underlying Bankers’ Acceptances, B/A Equivalent Notes or Drafts, as the case may be.
Facility ” shall mean the Canadian Facility or the U.S. Facility.
Facing Fee ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.01(c) .
“Fairfax” shall mean Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited, its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, and funds or partnerships managed by it, its Subsidiaries or its Affiliates.
FATCA ” shall mean Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as in effect on the date hereof, and any applicable Treasury regulation promulgated thereunder or published administrative guidance implementing such Sections.
Federal Funds Rate ” shall mean, for any period, a fluctuating interest rate equal for each day during such period to the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal Funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by Federal Funds brokers, as published for such day (or, if such day is not a Business Day, for the next preceding Business Day) by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or, if such rate is not so published for any day which is a Business Day, the average of the quotations for such day on such transactions received by the Administrative Agent from three Federal Funds brokers of recognized standing selected by the Administrative Agent.
Fees ” shall mean all amounts payable pursuant to or referred to in Section 4.01 .
Finance Charge ” shall mean, with respect to any Account, any interest, finance charges or other similar charges payable at any time by an Account Debtor in connection with such Account not having been paid on the due date thereof.
Financial Officer ” of any Person shall mean the chief executive officer, the chief operating officer, the chief financial officer, principal accounting officer, vice president-finance, treasurer, controller or assistant treasurer of such Person.
Foreign ” when used in reference to any item, shall mean that such item is not Domestic.
Foreign Currency Adjustment ” shall mean, as of any date of determination, (i) with respect to the Canadian Borrowing Base or the U.S. Borrowing Base, as the case may be, an amount equal to the product of (A) the eligible amount of the Eligible Accounts (following the application of the advance ratios thereto) included therein that are denominated in Euros or Pounds Sterling as of such date multiplied by (B) the product of (x) the average monthly decline (in percentage terms) of the Euro or Pound Sterling, as the case may be, versus the Dollar during the most recent twelve months multiplied by (y) a stress factor of 1.25; and (ii) solely with respect to the Canadian Borrowing Base, an amount equal to the product of (A) the Net Canadian Dollar Exposure as of such date

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multiplied by (B) the product of (x) the average monthly decline (in percentage terms), if any, of the Canadian Dollar versus the Dollar during the most recent twelve months multiplied by (y) a stress factor of 1.25. For purposes of the foregoing, the “ Net Canadian Dollar Exposure ” at any date is the excess of (i) the sum of (A) the eligible amount of the Eligible Canadian Accounts (following the application of the advance ratios thereto) that are denominated in Canadian Dollars at such date plus (B) the eligible amount of the Eligible Canadian Inventory (following the application of the advance ratios thereto) at such date over (ii) the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure which is denominated in Canadian Dollars at such date.
Foreign Currency Long-Term Debt Rating ” for any Approved Country means the rating by S&P or Moody’s of such Approved Country’s public, long-term foreign currency debt.
Foreign Lender ” shall mean any Lender that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than in which the applicable Borrower is resident for tax purposes.
Foreign Pledge Agreement ” shall mean a pledge or charge agreement granting a Lien on Equity Interests in a Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to secure any Secured Obligations, governed by the law of the jurisdiction of organization of such Foreign Subsidiary and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
Foreign Subsidiary ” shall mean, as to any Person, any Subsidiary of such Person that is not a Domestic Subsidiary of such Person.
Fronting Sublimit ” shall mean, (i) with respect to Citibank, as Issuing Lender, $50,000,000 (or such greater amount as Citibank may approve in its sole discretion), (ii) with respect to Barclays, as Issuing Lender, $50,000,000 (or such greater amount as Barclays may approve in its sole discretion), (iii) with respect to JPMCB, as Issuing Lender, $50,000,000 (or such greater amount as JPMCB may approve in its sole discretion), (iv) with respect to Wells Fargo, as Issuing Lender, $50,000,000 (or such greater amount as Wells Fargo may approve in its sole discretion) and (v) with respect to any other Issuing Lender, such amount as agreed between such Issuing Lender and AbitibiBowater Resolute .
GAAP ” shall mean, subject to Section 1.05 , generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, applied on a consistent basis.
Government Pension Agreements ” shall mean, collectively, the Ontario Pension Agreement and the Quebec Pension Agreement.
Governmental Authority ” shall mean any federal, state, provincial, municipal, regional, local or foreign court or governmental agency, authority, instrumentality or regulatory body.
GST ” shall mean all goods and services tax and all harmonized sales tax payable under Part IX of the Excise Tax Act (Canada), as amended, and all QST.

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Guarantee ” of or by any Person shall mean any obligation, contingent or otherwise (whether or not denominated as a guarantee), of such Person guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person (the “ primary obligor ”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of such Person, direct or indirect, (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or to purchase (or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment of such Indebtedness, (b) to purchase property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the owner of such Indebtedness of the payment of such Indebtedness or (c) to maintain working capital, equity capital or other financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness; provided , however , that the term “Guarantee” shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business. The amount of any Guarantee at any time shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the lesser at such time of (x) the stated or determinable amount of the primary obligation in respect of which such Guarantee is made or (y) the maximum amount for which such Person may be liable pursuant to the terms of the instrument embodying such Guarantee (or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof). “ Guaranteed ” shall have a meaning correlative thereto.
Guarantee and Collateral Agreement ” shall mean the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, among AbitibiBowater Resolute , the U.S. Borrowers, the Domestic Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute party thereto and the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, substantially in the form of Exhibit L hereto with such modifications thereto as the Collateral Agent may agree.
Guarantors ” shall mean and include each U.S. Guarantor and , each Canadian Guarantor and each English Guarantor .
Hazardous Materials ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 8.15(a)(iv) .
Hedging Agreement ” shall mean any agreement with respect to any swap, forward, future or derivative transaction or option or similar agreement involving, or settled by reference to, one or more rates, currencies, commodities, equity or debt instruments or securities, or economic, financial or pricing indices or measures of economic, financial or pricing risk or value or any similar transaction or any combination of these transactions; provided that no phantom stock or similar plan providing for payments only on account of services provided by current or former directors, officers, employees or consultants of AbitibiBowater Resolute or its Subsidiaries shall be a Hedging Agreement.
Hedging Creditors ” shall mean, collectively, each Lender and/or any affiliate thereof that has entered into one or more Secured Hedging Agreements, even if the respective Lender subsequently ceases to be a Lender under this Agreement for any reason, together with such Lender’s or such affiliate’s successors and assigns, if any.
Hedging Obligations ” shall mean and include, as to any Loan Party, all obligations, liabilities and indebtedness owing by such Loan Party to the Hedging Creditors, whether now existing or hereafter incurred under, arising out of or in connection with any Secured Hedging Agreement, whether such Secured Hedging Agreement is now in existence or hereinafter arising

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(including, without limitation, all obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of each Loan Party in its capacity as a Guarantor under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, as the case may be, to which it is a party, in respect of the Secured Hedging Agreements).
Highest Adjustable Applicable Margins ” shall have the meaning provided in the definition of Applicable Margin.
Historical Excess Availability ” shall mean (a) for the purposes of the definition of Applicable Margin, an amount equal to (x) the sum of each day’s Excess Availability during the most recently ended calendar month divided by (y) the number of days in such month and (b) in the case of the definition of Payment Conditions, with respect to any action or proposed action, an amount equal to (i) the sum of each day’s Excess Availability during the 180 90 consecutive day period immediately preceding such action or proposed action divided by (ii) 180 90 . In the case of clause (b) only, Excess Availability shall be determined on a pro forma basis as if such action or proposed action and any Loans incurred (or to be incurred), Letters of Credit issued (or to be issued) or Indebtedness repaid (or to be repaid) in connection with such action or proposed action had occurred or been incurred, issued or repaid, as the case may be (and, if the Ontario Pension Regulations Condition or the Quebec Pension Regulations Condition has been satisfied, as if such condition had been satisfied), on the first day of the 180 90 -day period immediately preceding such action or proposed action.
Historical Unutilized Commitment Percentage ” shall mean, on any date of determination, a percentage equal to (i) the sum of each day’s Total Unutilized Commitment during the most recently ended calendar month divided by (ii) the sum of each day’s Total Commitment in such calendar month.
Incremental Commitment ” shall mean, for any Lender, any Commitment provided by such Lender after the Effective Date in an Incremental Commitment Agreement delivered pursuant to Section 2.14 ; it being understood, however, that on each date upon which an Incremental Commitment of any Lender becomes effective, such Incremental Commitment of such Lender shall be added to (and thereafter become a part of) the applicable Commitment of such Lender for all purposes of this Agreement as contemplated by Section 2.14 . Incremental Commitments may be either U.S. Facility Commitments (“ U.S. Facility Incremental Commitments ”) or Canadian Facility Commitments (“ Canadian Facility Incremental Commitments ”).
Incremental Commitment Agreement ” shall mean each Incremental Commitment Agreement in substantially the form of Exhibit J (appropriately completed, and with such modifications as may be reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent) executed and delivered in accordance with Section 2.14 .
Incremental Commitment Date ” shall mean each date upon which an Incremental Commitment under an Incremental Commitment Agreement becomes effective as provided in Section 2.14(b) .

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Incremental Commitment Requirements ” shall mean, with respect to any provision of an Incremental Commitment on a given Incremental Commitment Date, the satisfaction of each of the following conditions on the Incremental Commitment Date of the respective Incremental Commitment Agreement: (i) no Default or Event of Default exists or would exist after giving effect thereto; (ii) all of the representations and warranties contained in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects at such time (unless stated to relate to a specific earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall have been true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); (iii) the delivery by AbitibiBowater Resolute to the Administrative Agent of an acknowledgment, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and executed by each Loan Party, acknowledging that such Incremental Commitment and all Revolving Loans subsequently incurred, and Letters of Credit issued, as applicable, pursuant to such Incremental Commitment shall constitute Obligations under the Loan Documents and secured on a pari passu basis with the Obligations under the Security Documents; (iv) the delivery by AbitibiBowater Resolute to the Administrative Agent of an opinion, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, from counsel to AbitibiBowater Resolute reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and dated such date, covering such customary matters incident to the transactions contemplated thereby as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request; (v) the delivery by each Loan Party to the Administrative Agent of such other officers’ certificates, board of director (or equivalent governing body) resolutions and evidence of good standing (to the extent available under applicable law) as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request; (vi) the incurrence of Revolving Loans in an aggregate principal amount equal to the Total Commitment (including such Incremental Commitment then being obtained) shall be permitted at such time under the Intercreditor Agreement, the Senior Secured Notes Documents and any other indenture, loan agreement or other agreement with respect to Material Indebtedness; and (vii) AbitibiBowater Resolute shall have delivered a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute , certifying to the best of such officer’s knowledge, compliance with the requirements of preceding clauses (i), (ii) and (vi) and containing the calculations, if any, (in reasonable detail) required by preceding clause (vi).
Incremental Lender ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(b) .
Incremental Security Documents ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(b) .
Incurrence Test ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.01 .
Indebtedness ” of any Person shall mean, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to assets purchased by such Person, (d) all obligations of such Person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding (i) trade accounts payable and accrued expenses arising in the ordinary course of business and (ii) any contingent earnout or other contingent payment obligation incurred in connection with an acquisition permitted hereunder (but only to the extent that such obligation has not become fixed)), (e) all Indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent

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or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the obligations secured thereby have been assumed by such Person (and in the event such Person has not assumed or otherwise become liable for payment of such obligation, the amount of Indebtedness under this clause (e) shall be the lesser of the amount of such obligation and the fair market value of such property), (f) all Guarantees by such Person, (g) all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person, (h) all net obligations of such Person in respect of Hedging Agreements (such net obligations to be equal at any time to the termination value of such Hedging Agreements or other arrangements that would be payable by or to such Person at such time), (i) all obligations of such Person as an account party to reimburse any bank or any other Person in respect of letters of credit and (j) all Disqualified Equity Interests issued by such Person or preferred stock issued by Subsidiary of such Person with the amount of Indebtedness represented by such Disqualified Equity Interests or preferred stock being equal to the greater of its voluntary or involuntary liquidation preference and its maximum fixed repurchase price, but excluding accrued dividends, if any. For purposes hereof, the “maximum fixed repurchase price” of any Disqualified Equity Interest or preferred stock which does not have a fixed repurchase price shall be calculated in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Equity Interest or preferred stock as if such Disqualified Equity Interest or preferred stock were purchased on any date on which Indebtedness shall be required to be determined pursuant to the this Agreement, and if such price is based upon, or measured by, the fair market value of such Disqualified Equity Interest or preferred stock, such fair market value shall be determined reasonably and in good faith by the board of directors or comparable body of the issuer of such Disqualified Equity Interest or preferred stock. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any partnership in which such Person is a general partner, except to the extent such Indebtedness is expressly non-recourse to such Person. Notwithstanding clause (e) above, Indebtedness of Augusta Newsprint or a Joint Venture Subsidiary secured by a pledge of Equity Interests in Augusta Newsprint or such Joint Venture Subsidiary and otherwise without recourse to the pledgor shall not be deemed Indebtedness of the pledgor.
“Indemnified Costs shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.01(a) .
Indemnified Person ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.01(a) .
Individual Canadian Facility Exposure ” of any Lender shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all Canadian Facility Revolving Loans made by such Lender, (b) such Lender’s Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure and (c) such Lender’s Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure at such time. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Canadian Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling.
Individual Exposure ” of any Lender shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) such Lender’s Individual U.S. Facility Exposure at such time and (b) such Lender’s Individual Canadian Facility Exposure at such time.
Individual U.S. Facility Exposure ” of any Lender shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate principal amount of all U.S. Facility Revolving Loans made by such Lender, (b) such Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage of the aggregate principal amount of all U.S. Facility Swingline Loans then outstanding and (c) such Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage of the aggregate

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amount of all U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Euros or Pounds Sterling.
Insolvency Law ” shall mean, to the extent applicable, (a) Title 11 of the United States Code, (b) the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada), (c) the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada), (d) the Civil Code of Québec and (e) all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, arrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar laws of the United States, Canada or other applicable jurisdictions from time to time in effect and affecting the rights of creditors generally, including any applicable Canadian corporate legislation, as now or hereafter in effect.
Insurance Deductible Reserve ” means at any time an amount equal to 8.5% (or, if there shall be any increase in the applicable deductible under the Insurance Policy such greater percentage as the Collateral Agent may determine in its Discretion) of the portion of the Canadian Borrowing Base or the U.S. Borrowing Base, as the case may be (determined for this purpose without reference to the Insurance Deductible Reserve or the Foreign Currency Adjustment), allocable to International Accounts covered by the Insurance Policy.
Insurance Policy ” means (i) that certain Accounts Receivable Policy (Shipments) General Terms and Conditions, plus the Coverage Certificate effective September 1, 2008 (together with all schedules and endorsements and other documents issued by the Insurer in connection therewith), together with any replacement Coverage Certificates, issued by the Insurer to ACI, a copy of which is annexed hereto as Exhibit O (the “ Existing Insurance Policy ”) or (ii) a replacement insurance policy providing substantially identical coverage and otherwise satisfactory to the Collateral Agent issued by an insurer reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent (a “ Replacement Insurance Policy ”).

Insurance Policy Event ” means the occurrence of any of the following: (i) the Existing Insurance Policy shall, for any reason, be terminated or otherwise no longer be in full force and effect, unless a Replacement Insurance Policy shall have been substituted therefor; (ii) an event of the type described in Section 11.01(g) or (h) shall occur with respect to the Insurer or (iii) the Insurer fails to make a payment or payments, which are due and payable under the Insurance Policy in excess of $10,000,000, either individually or in the aggregate (if any such claim is subsequently paid by the Insurer then the cumulative aggregate amount referred to above shall be reduced by the amount of any such payment).
Insurer ” shall mean, collectively, Export Development Canada or any other insurer satisfactory to the Collateral Agent which is at the time the insurer under the Insurance Policy.
Intercreditor Agreement ” shall mean an Intercreditor Agreement among AbitibiBowater , the other U.S. Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent and the Notes Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto with such modifications thereto that are not materially adverse to the Lenders as the Administrative Agent may agree.

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Interest Coverage Ratio ” shall mean, on the date of any incurrence of Indebtedness or any other event, including any change in interest rates applicable to existing Indebtedness resulting from a modification or amendment to the documents governing such Indebtedness, in respect of which the Incurrence Test is to be satisfied (the “ Test Date ”), the ratio of (a) aggregate amount of Consolidated EBITDA for the then most recent four fiscal quarters for which financial statements have been delivered immediately prior to such date (the “ Four Quarter Period ”) to (b) the aggregate Consolidated Interest Expense for such Four Quarter Period. In making the foregoing calculation, (A) pro forma effect shall be given to any Indebtedness incurred or repaid (including any Indebtedness irrevocably called for redemption) during the period (the “ Reference Period ”) commencing on the first day of the Four Quarter Period and ending on the Test Date (other than Indebtedness incurred or repaid hereunder or under any similar arrangement except to the extent commitments hereunder or thereunder, as the case may be, (or under any predecessor or successor revolving credit or similar arrangement in effect on the last day of such Four Quarter Period) are permanently reduced), in each case as if such Indebtedness had been incurred or repaid on the first day of such Reference Period; (B) Consolidated Interest Expense attributable to interest on any Indebtedness (whether existing or being incurred) computed on a pro forma basis and bearing a floating interest rate shall be computed as if the rate in effect on the Test Date (taking into account any Hedging Agreement applicable to such Indebtedness if such Hedging Agreement has a remaining term in excess of 12 months or, if shorter, at least equal to the remaining term of such Indebtedness) had been the applicable rate for the entire period; (C) pro forma effect shall be given to Asset Sales and Acquisitions (including giving pro forma effect to the application of proceeds of any Asset Sale) that occur during such Reference Period as if they had occurred and such proceeds had been applied on the first day of such Reference Period; and (D) pro forma effect shall be given to asset sales and acquisitions (including giving pro forma effect to the application of proceeds of any asset sale) that have been made by any Person that has become a Loan Party or has been merged or amalgamated with or into AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Loan Party during such Reference Period and that would have constituted Asset Sales or Acquisitions had such transactions occurred when such Person was a Loan Party as if such asset sales or acquisitions were Asset Sales or Acquisitions that occurred on the first day of such Reference Period; provided that to the extent that clause (C) or (D) of this sentence requires that pro forma effect be given to an Asset Sale or Acquisition, such pro forma calculation shall be based upon the four full fiscal quarters immediately preceding the Test Date of the Person, or division or line of business of the Person, that is acquired or disposed for which financial information is available.
Interest Determination Date ” shall mean, with respect to any Eurodollar Loan, the second Business Day prior to the commencement of any Interest Period relating to such Eurodollar Loan.
Interest Period ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.09 .
International Account ” shall mean an Account the Account Debtor of which has a billing address in an Approved Country other than the United States or Canada.
Inventory ” shall mean “inventory” as such term is defined in Article 9 of the UCC or the PPSA, as applicable.

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Inventory Reserves ” shall mean reserves against Inventory equal to the sum of the following:
(a)    a reserve for shrink, or discrepancies that arise pertaining to inventory quantities on hand between the Loan Parties’ perpetual accounting system and physical counts of the inventory in accordance with the Loan Parties’ historical accounting procedures and is acceptable to the Collateral Agent in its Discretion;
(b)    a revaluation reserve whereby capitalized favorable variances shall be deducted from Eligible Inventory and unfavorable variances shall not be added to Eligible Inventory;
(c)    a lower of the cost or market reserve for the amount by which a Loan Party’s actual cost to produce any Inventory exceeds the selling price of such Inventory to third parties, determined on a product line basis; and
(d)    any other reserve established by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion from time to time.
Each Inventory Reserve shall become effective not earlier than three Business Days following notice thereof being given to AbitibiBowater Resolute by the Collateral Agent.
Investment ” shall mean, as applied to any Person (the “ investor ”), any direct or indirect purchase or other acquisition by the investor of, or a beneficial interest in, stock or other securities of any other Person, including any exchange of equity securities for Indebtedness, or any direct or indirect loan, advance (other than advances to employees for moving and travel expenses, drawing accounts and similar expenditures in the ordinary course of business) or capital contribution by the investor to any other Person, including all Indebtedness and accounts receivable owing to the investor from such other Person other than Indebtedness arising from sales or services rendered to such other Person in the ordinary course of the investor’s business. The amount of any Investment shall be the original cost of such Investment plus the cost of all additions thereto, without any adjustments for increases or decreases in value, or write-ups, write-downs or write-offs with respect to such Investment minus any amounts (a) realized upon the disposition of assets comprising an Investment (including the value of any liabilities assumed by any Person other than AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute in connection with such disposition), (b) constituting repayments of Investments that are loans or advances or (c) constituting cash returns of principal or capital thereon (including any dividend, redemption or repurchase of equity that is accounted for, in accordance with GAAP, as a return of principal or capital). For purposes of this Agreement, (x) the redemption, purchase or other acquisition for value by any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute of any shares of its capital stock from a Person other than AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any other Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute shall be deemed to be an “Investment” by such Subsidiary in its shares of capital stock and (y) a disposition of less then than all Equity Interests held directly or indirectly by AbitibiBowater Resolute in any Wholly-Owned Subsidiary shall also be deemed to be the making of an Investment in the retained Equity Interests in such Subsidiary.

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IP Security Agreements ” shall have the meaning set forth in (a) prior to the Effective Date, the form of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement attached hereto as Exhibit L and (b) on and after the Effective Date, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement. mean any “short form” intellectual property security agreement delivered or required to be delivered hereunder on pursuant to any other Loan Document. For the avoidance of doubt, except as otherwise required by Section 10.02(a)(iii), no IP Security Agreements shall be required to be delivered.
Issuing Lender ” shall mean (i) each of Citibank (except as otherwise provided in Section 12.09 ), Barclays, JPMCB, Wells Fargo and any other Lender reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent and AbitibiBowater Resolute which agrees to issue Letters of Credit hereunder and (ii) solely with respect to each Existing Letter of Credit, the issuing lender thereof as set forth on Schedule 3.01 . Any Issuing Lender may, in its discretion, arrange for one or more Letters of Credit to be issued by one or more Affiliates of such Issuing Lender (and such Affiliate shall be deemed to be an “ Issuing Lender ” for all purposes of the Loan Documents).
ITA ” shall mean the Income Tax Act (Canada), as amended, and any successor thereto, and any regulations promulgated thereunder.
Joint Venture Subsidiary ” shall mean any Non-Wholly-Owned Subsidiary which constitutes a bona fide joint venture with a third party, in each case for so long as such Subsidiary remains a Non-Wholly-Owned Subsidiary.
JPMCB ” shall mean JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
Judgment Currency ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.20 .
Judgment Currency Conversion Date ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.20 .
L/C Supportable Obligations ” shall mean (i) obligations of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to workers compensation, surety bonds and other similar statutory obligations and (ii) such other obligations of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries as are permitted to exist pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (other than obligations in respect of (x) the Senior Secured Notes, (y) any Indebtedness that is subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations or (z) any Equity Interests issued by AbitibiBowater Resolute ).
Lead Arrangers ” shall mean Citigroup Global Markets, Inc., Barclays Capital, the investment banking division of Barclays, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, in their capacities as Joint Lead Arrangers in respect of the credit facilities hereunder, and any successors thereto.
Lender ” shall mean each financial institution listed on Schedule 1.01(a) , as well as any Person that becomes a “Lender” hereunder pursuant to Section 2.13 , Section 2.14 or Section 13.04(b) , including (unless the context otherwise requires) each Issuing Lender and the each Swingline Lender, in each case for so long as any such financial institution or other Person remains a Lender hereunder.

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Lender Creditors ” shall mean, collectively, the Lenders, each Issuing Lender, the each Swingline Lender, the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent.
Letter of Credit ” shall mean each U.S. Facility Letter of Credit and each Canadian Facility Letter of Credit.
Letter of Credit Back-Stop Arrangements ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.18 .
Letter of Credit Exposure ” shall mean the sum of (i) the U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure plus (ii) the Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure.
Letter of Credit Fee ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.01(b) .
Letter of Credit Outstandings ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of all U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings and Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings.
Letter of Credit Request ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.03(a) .
Lien ” shall mean, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, assignment for security, hypothecation, prior claim (within the meaning of the Civil Code of Québec ) encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset and (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, Capital Lease or title retention right or agreement relating to such asset.
Loan ” shall mean each Revolving Loan and each Swingline Loan.
Loan Document Obligations ” shall mean and include, as to any Loan Party, all Obligations of such Loan Party to the Lender Creditors, whether now existing or hereafter incurred under, arising out of, or in connection with, each Loan Document to which such Loan Party is a party (including, without limitation, in the event such Loan Party is a Guarantor, all such obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of such Loan Party in its capacity as a Guarantor under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement to which it is a party) (except to the extent consisting of Hedging Obligations or Cash Management Services Obligations).
Loan Documents ” shall mean this Agreement, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, each Canadian Security Document, each Foreign Pledge Agreement, each Mortgage, the Intercreditor Agreement European Security Document, the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, any intercreditor agreement or collateral cooperation agreement contemplated by Section 10.02(a)(iii) , and, after the execution and delivery thereof pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, each Incremental Commitment Agreement, each Note and each other Security Document, but shall not include any Secured Cash Management Agreement or Secured Hedging Agreement.
Loan Party ” shall mean each U.S. Loan Party , each English Loan Party and each Canadian Loan Party.

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Majority Facility Lenders ” of any Facility shall mean those Non-Defaulting Lenders which would constitute the Required Lenders under, and as defined in, this Agreement if all outstanding Obligations of the other Facility under this Agreement were repaid in full and all Commitments with respect thereto were terminated.
Mandatory Borrowing ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(c) .
Margin Stock ” shall have the meaning given such term under Regulation U.
Material Adverse Effect ” shall mean (a) a material adverse effect on the business, operations, prospects (taking into account the cyclical nature of the pulp and paper industry) or assets of the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries (taken as a whole), (b) a material adverse effect on the ability of the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to perform their respective obligations under the Loan Documents or (c) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of the Loan Documents (including the validity, enforceability or priority of the Liens granted thereunder).
Material Indebtedness ” shall mean Indebtedness (other than the Loan Document Obligations), or obligations in respect of one or more Hedging Agreements, of any one or more of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any other Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $35,000,000.
Material Subsidiary ” shall mean each Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute now existing or hereafter acquired or formed and each successor thereto that (a) for the most recent period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of AbitibiBowater Resolute accounted (on a consolidated basis with its Subsidiaries) for more than 5% of the consolidated revenues of AbitibiBowater Resolute , (b) as at the end of such fiscal quarter, was (on a consolidated basis with its Subsidiaries) the owner of more than 5% of the consolidated assets of AbitibiBowater Resolute , as shown on the consolidated financial statements of AbitibiBowater Resolute for such fiscal quarter or (c) is irrevocably designated as a Material Subsidiary in a writing by AbitibiBowater Resolute to the Administrative Agent. Schedule 1.01(c) sets forth each Subsidiary that is a Material Subsidiary on and as of the Closing Date. AbitibiBowater Resolute may designate any Material Subsidiary which does not constitute a Material Subsidiary under the foregoing clauses (a) and (b) as no longer constituting a Material Subsidiary.
Material Wholly-Owned Subsidiary ” shall mean each Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is both a Material Subsidiary and a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary.
Maturity Date ” shall mean the Revolving Loan Maturity Date or the Swingline Expiry Date, as the case may be.
Maximum Letter of Credit Amount ” shall mean $200,000,000.
Maximum Rate ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.22 .
Maximum Swingline Amount ” shall mean $60,000,000.

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Minimum Borrowing Amount ” shall mean U.S.$1,000,000 for Revolving Loans provided that during a Dominion Period there shall be no Minimum Borrowing Amount.
Moody’s ” shall mean Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
Mortgaged Properties ” shall mean (i) each parcel (or adjoining parcels) of real property (including any real property fixtures thereon) owned by a U.S. Loan Party on the Closing Date and specified on Schedule 1.01(d) , and (ii) each After-Acquired Mortgage Property with respect that is subject to which a Mortgage is granted pursuant to Section 9.09 , if any .
Mortgages ” shall mean the mortgages, deeds of trust, assignments of leases and rents, modifications and other security documents with respect to Mortgaged Properties or delivered pursuant to Section 9.09 . Each Mortgage shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit N , or otherwise in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent. For the avoidance of doubt, except as otherwise required by Section 10.02(a)(iii), no Mortgages shall be required to be delivered.
Multiemployer Plan ” shall mean a multiemployer plan as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA that within the preceding five years has been contributed to by (or to which there is or may be an obligation to contribute to by) any Borrower, any ERISA Affiliate or any Person which was an ERISA Affiliate during that time.
NAIC ” shall mean the National Association of Insurance Commissioners.
Net Cash Proceeds ” shall mean (a) with respect to any Asset Sale or any casualty or condemnation event, the Cash Proceeds therefrom, net of (i) costs of sale (including payment of the outstanding principal amount of, premium or penalty, if any, and interest on any Indebtedness (other than Loans and other than any Indebtedness secured by a Lien junior in priority to the Lien securing the Loans) which is secured by a Lien permitted by Section 7.02 on the related assets and is required to be repaid under the terms thereof as a result thereof), (ii) taxes paid or reasonably estimated to be payable in the year such Asset Sale occurs or in the following year as a result thereof and (iii) amounts provided as a reserve, in accordance with GAAP, against any liabilities under any indemnification obligations and any purchase price adjustments associated with any such Asset Sale ( provided that, to the extent and at the time any such amounts are released from such reserve, such amounts shall constitute Net Cash Proceeds); and (b) with respect to any issuance of debt or equity securities, the cash proceeds thereof, net of underwriting commissions or placement fees and expenses directly incurred in connection therewith.
Net Orderly Liquidation Value ” shall mean the “net orderly liquidation value” determined by an unaffiliated valuation company reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent after performance of an inventory valuation to be done at the Collateral Agent’s request and the Borrowers’ expense, less the amount estimated by such valuation company for marshalling marshaling , reconditioning, carrying, and sales expenses designated to maximize the resale value of such Inventory and assuming that the time required to dispose of such Inventory is customary with respect to such Inventory and expressed as a percentage of the net book value of such Inventory.

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Non-B/A Lender ” shall mean any Lender which is unwilling or unable to create Bankers’ Acceptances by accepting Drafts and which has identified itself as a “Non-B/A Lender” by written notice to the Administrative Agent and AbitibiBowater Resolute .
Non-Cash Charges ” shall mean any non-cash charges or losses, including (a) any impairment charge or asset write-off or write-down related to intangible assets (including goodwill), long-lived assets and investments in debt and equity securities pursuant to GAAP, (b) long-term incentive plan accruals and any non-cash expenses resulting from the grant of stock options or other equity-based incentives to any director, officer or employee of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any other Borrower or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute and (c) any non-cash charges or losses resulting from the application of purchase accounting; provided that Non-Cash Charges shall not include additions to bad debt reserves or bad debt expense.
Non-Defaulting Lender ” shall mean each Lender other than a Defaulting Lender; provided , however , solely for purposes of Section 4.01(a) , a Lender that is a Defaulting Lender solely under clause (iii), or (iv) (but, in the case of such clause (iv), only to the extent relating to clause (iii)) of the definition thereof shall be treated as a Non‑Defaulting Lender and not as a Defaulting Lender.
Non-Wholly-Owned Subsidiary ” shall mean, as to any Person, each Subsidiary of such Person which is not a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of such Person.
Northern Irish Security Agreement ” shall mean a the Northern Irish law deed of charge dated 27 July 2012 among the Loan Parties party thereto and the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties , in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent .
Note ” shall mean each U.S. Facility Revolving Note, each U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Note, each Canadian Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Note, each U.S. Facility Swingline Note, each U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Note and each Canadian Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Note, it being understood that such Notes shall not constitute titles of indebtedness within the meaning of the Article 2692 of the Civil Code of Québec .
Note Collateral Account ” means each deposit account or securities account established pursuant to the Senior Secured Notes Documents for purposes of holding Notes Priority Collateral (and no other amounts).
Note Obligations ” shall, prior to the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to such term in the form of Intercreditor Agreement attached as Exhibit E hereto, and after the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to such term in the Intercreditor Agreement.
Notes Agent Priority Assets ” shall mean Wells Fargo Bank, National Association , and any successor collateral agent under the indenture governing the Senior Secured Notes. all assets of the U.S. Loan Parties and the Canadian Loan Parties not constituting ABL Priority Collateral.
Notes Priority Collateral ” shall, prior to the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to the term “Notes Priority Collateral” in the form of Intercreditor Agreement attached as

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Exhibit E hereto, and after the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to the term “Notes Priority Collateral” in the Intercreditor Agreement.
Notice of Borrowing ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.03(a) .
Notice of Conversion/Continuation ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.06 .
Notice Office ” shall mean Citibank, N.A., Global Loans OPS III, 1615 Brett Road, New Castle, DE 19720; or such other office or person as the Administrative Agent may hereafter designate in writing as such to the other parties hereto.
Obligation Currency ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.20 .
Obligations ” shall mean all amounts owing to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, any Issuing Lender, the any Swingline Lender or any Lender pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any other Loan Document (other than the Intercreditor Agreement) , including, without limitation, all amounts in respect of any principal (or Face Amount, as applicable), premium (if any), interest (including any interest accruing subsequent to the filing of a petition in bankruptcy, reorganization or similar proceeding at the rate provided for in this Agreement, whether or not such interest is an allowed claim under any such proceeding or under applicable state, federal, provincial or foreign law), penalties, fees, expenses (including Expenses), indemnifications, reimbursements (including Unpaid Drawings with respect to Letters of Credit), damages and other liabilities, and guarantees in each case of the foregoing amounts.
Ontario Pension Agreement ” shall mean the letter from the Ontario Minister of Finance to David Paterson, Chief Executive Officer of AbitibiBowater, dated November 15, 2010, together with the attached form of agreement entitled “AbitibiBowater/Ontario Pension Funding Relief Agreement”.
Ontario Pension Plan ” shall mean a “registered pension plan”, as defined in subsection 248(1) of the ITA, which contains a “defined benefit provision”, as defined in subsection 147.1(1) of the ITA, and which is registered under the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario) but excluding any plan that provides only a “target benefit” or any “multi-employer pension plan”, both as defined in the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario), where employer contributions to such target benefit or multi-employer pension plan are determined solely by reference to a participation agreement, collective agreement, or other agreement negotiated with the bargaining agent or other representative of the employees participating in such plan and the employer has no liability for or obligation to fund any funding deficiency under such plan upon termination of the plan in whole or in part or upon the withdrawal of an employer from such plan.
Ontario Pension Regulations ” shall mean the special funding relief regulations under the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario) adopted in accordance with the CCAA Plan and the Ontario Pension Agreement.

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Ontario Pension Regulations Condition ” shall mean the adoption and effectiveness of the Ontario Pension Regulations implementing the Ontario Pension Agreement, which condition was satisfied on or about June 3, 2011.
“Other Borrower” shall mean each Subsidiary who shall from time to time, in accordance with Section 13.26 hereof, become a “Borrower” hereunder pursuant to a Borrower Joinder Agreement or other form satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
Outstanding Balance ” of any Account at any time shall mean the then outstanding principal balance thereof; provided , that to the extent that the amount of any Account is, under the terms of the applicable Contract, expressed in Canadian Dollars, such amount for the purposes of this definition shall be the Dollar Equivalent thereof at the relevant time. Sales or use tax, PST and any other taxes (other than GST) and Finance Charges which may be billed in connection with an Account are not included in the Outstanding Balance.
Overseas Subsidiary ” shall mean any Subsidiary other than a Domestic Subsidiary or , a Canadian Subsidiary or a English Guarantor .
Participant ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.04(a) .
“Participant Register ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.04(a) .
Participating Member States ” means those members of the European Union from time to time which adopt a single, shared currency.
Patriot Act ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.17 .
Payment Conditions ” shall mean that at the time of each action or proposed action and after giving effect thereto, each of the following conditions is satisfied: (a) no Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (b) Excess Availability (on the date of such action or proposed action after giving effect to any Loans incurred (or to be incurred) or Letters of Credit issued (or to be issued) on such date in connection with such action or proposed action) and Historical Excess Availability, calculated on a pro forma basis in accordance with the definition thereof, shall equal or exceed ( 1) the greater of ( x) 25 $110,000,000 and (y) the lesser of (A) 22.5 % of the Total Commitment as then in effect or and (B) 22.5% of the Total Borrowing Base as then in effect or (2) the greater of (x) $90,000,000 and (y ) the lesser of (A ) 17.5% of the Total Commitment as then in effect and (B) 17.5% of the Total Borrowing Base as then in effect so long as, with respect to this clause ( y 2 ), AbitibiBowater Resolute shall have a Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of not less than 1.1 1.0 0:1.00 for the Test Period then most recently ended for which financial statements are available calculated on a pro forma basis in accordance with Section 1.04 as if such action or proposed action had occurred on the first day of such Test Period, and (c) AbitibiBowater Resolute shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent a certificate of a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute certifying as to compliance with preceding clauses (a) and (b) and demonstrating (in reasonable detail) the calculations required by preceding clause (b) ; provided that no such certificate shall be required with respect to transactions effected in reliance on the “Payment Conditions” not exceeding $25,000,000 in the aggregate per month .

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Payment Office ” shall mean Citibank, N.A., Global Loans OPS III, 1615 Brett Road, New Castle, DE 19720 or such other office as the Administrative Agent may hereafter designate in writing as such to the other parties hereto.
PBGC ” shall mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation referred to and defined in ERISA or any successor thereto.
Perfection Certificate ” shall mean each of the U.S. Perfection Certificate and the Canadian Perfection Certificate.
Permitted Acquisition ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.04(e) .
Permitted Acquisition Payment Conditions ” shall mean that at the time of each action or proposed action and after giving effect thereto, each of the following conditions is satisfied: (a) no Default or an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (b) Excess Availability (on the date of such action or proposed action after giving effect to any Loans incurred (or to be incurred) or Letters of Credit issued (or to be issued) on such date in connection with such action or proposed action) and Historical Excess Availability, calculated on a pro forma basis in accordance with the definition thereof, shall equal or exceed ( 1) the greater of ( x) 20 $90,000,000 and (y) the lesser of (A) 17.5 % of the Total Commitment as then in effect or and (B) 17.5% of the Total Borrowing Base as then in effect or (2) the greater of (x) $75,000,000 and (y ) the lesser of (A ) 15% of the Total Commitment as then in effect and (B) is 15% of the Total Borrowing Base as then in effect so long as, with respect to this clause ( y 2 ), AbitibiBowater Resolute shall have a Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of not less than 1.1 1.0 0:1.00 for the Test Period then most recently ended for which financial statements are available calculated on a pro forma basis in accordance with Section 1.04 as if such action or proposed action had occurred on the first day of such Test Period, and (c) AbitibiBowater Resolute shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent a certificate of a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute certifying as to compliance with preceding clauses (a) and (b) and demonstrating (in reasonable detail) the calculations required by preceding clause (b).
Permitted Investments ” shall mean any of the following:
(a)    any evidence of Indebtedness, maturing not more than one year after the acquisition thereof, issued by the United States of America or Canada, or any instrumentality or agency thereof and guaranteed fully as to principal, interest and premium, if any, by the United States of America or Canada;
(b)    any certificate of deposit, banker’s acceptance or time deposit (including Eurodollar time deposits), maturing not more than one year after the date of purchase, issued or guaranteed by or placed with (i) the Administrative Agent or any bank providing Cash Management Services to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) a commercial banking institution that has long-term debt rated “A2” or higher by Moody’s or “A” or higher by S&P and which has a combined capital and surplus of not less than $500,000,000;
(c)    commercial paper (i) maturing not more than 270 days after the date of purchase and (ii) issued by a corporation (other than a Loan Party or any Affiliate of a Loan Party) with a rating,

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at the time as of which any determination thereof is to be made, of “P‑1” or higher by Moody’s or “A‑1” or higher by S&P (or equivalent rating in the case of a Permitted Investment made by a Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute );
(d)    investments in fully collateralized repurchase agreements with a term of not more than 90 days for underlying securities of the types described in clause (a) above entered into with any bank or trust company meeting the qualifications specified in clause (b) above;
(e)    demand deposits with any bank or trust company;
(f)    money market funds substantially all the assets of which are comprised of securities of the types described in clauses (a) through (e) above; and
(g)    in the case of the Foreign Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute , short-term investments comparable to the foregoing.
Permitted Liens ” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any of the following:
(a) Liens for taxes, assessments or other governmental charges or levies not yet due and payable or as to which the period of grace, if any, related thereto has not expired or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, provided that full provision for the payment of all such taxes known to such Person has been made on the books of such Person if and to the extent required by GAAP;
(b) builder’s, architects’, engineer’s, laborer’s, supplier of materials’, mechanics’, materialmen’s, carriers’, warehousemen’s, processor’s, landlord’s and similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business and securing obligations of such Person that are either (i) not overdue for a period of more than 30 60  days , or , (ii) if more than 60 days overdue, (A) as to which no action has been taken to enforce such Lien or (B) that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings action diligently pursued, provided that in the each case of any such contest (i) any proceedings commenced for the enforcement of such Liens shall have been duly suspended and (ii) full provision for the payment of such Liens has been made on the books of such Person if and to the extent required by GAAP;
(c) Liens arising in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance, pensions and social security benefits and similar programs;
(d) (i) Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business to secure the performance of bids, tenders, statutory obligations, fee and expense arrangements with trustees and fiscal agents, leases, governmental contracts, permits, licenses, trade contracts, performance and return-of-money bonds and other similar obligations (exclusive of obligations incurred in connection with the borrowing of money or the payment of the deferred purchase price of property) and (ii) Liens securing surety, indemnity, performance, appeal and release bonds, provided that full provision for the payment of all such obligations has been made on the books of such Person if and to the extent required by GAAP;

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(e) imperfections of title, statutory exceptions to title, restrictive covenants, rights of way, easements, servitudes, mineral interest reservations, reservations made in the grant from the Crown, municipal and zoning by-laws and ordinances or similar laws or rights reserved to or vested in any governmental office or agency to control or regulate the use of any real property, general real estate taxes and assessments not yet delinquent and other encumbrances on real property that (i) do not arise out of the incurrence of any Indebtedness for money borrowed and (ii) do not interfere with or impair in any material respect the operation, in the ordinary course of business, of the real property on which such Lien is imposed;
(f) bankers’ Liens, rights of setoff and other similar Liens existing solely with respect to cash and cash equivalents on deposit in one or more accounts maintained by any Loan Party or Subsidiary, in each case granted in the ordinary course of business in favor of the bank or banks with which such accounts are maintained, securing amounts owing to such bank with respect to cash management and operating account arrangements, including those involving pooled accounts and netting arrangements;
(g) leases or subleases granted to others not interfering in any material respect with the business of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute and any interest or title of a lessor under any lease (whether a Capital Lease or an operating lease) permitted by this Agreement or the Security Documents;
(h) Liens arising from the granting of a lease or license to enter into or use any asset of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to any Person in the ordinary course of business of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that does not interfere in any material respect with the use or application by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute of the asset subject to such license in the business of AbitibiBowater Resolute or such Subsidiary;
(i) Liens attaching solely to cash earnest money deposits made by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute in connection with any letter of intent or purchase agreement entered into it in connection with an acquisition permitted hereunder;
(j) Liens arising from precautionary UCC or PPSA financing statements (or analogous personal property security filings or registrations in other jurisdictions) regarding operating leases;
(k) Liens on insurance policies (other than the Insurance Policy) and proceeds thereof to secure premiums thereunder;
(l) Liens arising out of judgments or awards in respect of which an appeal or proceeding for review is being diligently prosecuted, provided that (i) a stay of execution pending such appeal or proceeding for review has been obtained and (ii) full provision for the payment of such Liens has been made on the books of such Person if and to the extent required by GAAP; and
(m) Liens relating solely to employee contributions withheld from pay by a Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute but not yet due to be remitted to a Canadian Pension Plan

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pursuant to the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario) or pension standards legislation of any other applicable jurisdiction in Canada.
For the purposes of the Security Documents and Section 8.17 , “Permitted Liens” shall also be deemed to include the Liens permitted by Section 10.02(a) . Any reference in any of the Loan Documents (other than the Intercreditor Agreement) to a Permitted Lien is not intended to and shall not be interpreted as subordinating or postponing, or as any agreement to subordinate or postpone, any Lien created by any of the Loan Documents to any Permitted Lien.
Permitted Parent ” shall mean a holding company holding the Equity Interests of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries through which such Equity Interests are held, provided that (i) no person or group (within the meaning of Rule 13d-5 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as in effect of the date hereof) shall own, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, shares representing more than 35% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding stock of such holding company and (ii) if at the time such holding company acquires Equity Interests of AbitibiBowater Resolute it holds or proposes to acquire any other significant asset, then after giving effect to each such acquisition, the holders of Equity Interests in AbitibiBowater Resolute immediately prior to such transactions shall hold a majority of the Equity Interests in such holding company after giving effect thereto. The term “Permitted Parent” shall include any Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of such holding company through which it holds Equity Interests of AbitibiBowater Resolute .
Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness ” shall mean, with respect to AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension of any Indebtedness, in whole or in part, of such Person from time to time; provided that (a) the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) or, in the case of any revolving facility, the commitments thereunder, thereof does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) or in the case of any revolving facility, the commitments thereunder, (except as otherwise permitted under Section 10.01(f) ) of the Indebtedness so modified, refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended (the “ Refinanced Debt ”) except by an amount equal to unpaid accrued interest and premium thereon plus other reasonable amounts paid, and fees and expenses reasonably incurred, in connection with such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension and by an amount equal to any existing commitments unutilized thereunder, (b) the Indebtedness resulting from such modification, refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension (the “ Refinancing Debt ”) has a final maturity date the same as or later than the final maturity date of, and, other than in the case of a revolving facility, has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of, the Refinanced Debt, (c) at the time thereof, no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (d) to the extent such Refinanced Debt is subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations, such Refinancing Debt is subordinated in right of payment to the Obligations on terms, when taken as a whole, at least as favorable to the Lenders as those contained in the documentation governing the Refinanced Debt, (e) if the Refinanced Debt is secured, the Refinancing Debt shall be unsecured or secured only by some or all of the assets (including after acquired assets of the applicable type) that secured such Refinanced Debt ; provided that if the Refinanced Debt is the Senior Secured Notes, such Refinancing Debt may be secured by any assets or properties of AbitibiBowater or any Domestic

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Subsidiary or Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater which also secures the Obligations , (f) the terms and conditions (including, if applicable, as to collateral but excluding as to subordination, interest rate, redemption premium and other pricing provisions) of any such Refinancing Debt, taken as a whole, are not materially less favorable to the Loan Parties or the Lenders than the terms and conditions of the Refinanced Debt; provided that, in connection with the incurrence of Refinancing Debt in an aggregate principal amount of $25,000,000 or more, a certificate of a Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute shall be delivered to the Administrative Agent at least five Business Days prior to the incurrence of such Refinancing Debt, together with a reasonably detailed description of the material terms and conditions of such Refinancing Debt or drafts of the documentation relating thereto, stating that AbitibiBowater Resolute or the Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute incurring such Indebtedness has determined in good faith that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement of this clause (f) shall be conclusive evidence that such terms and conditions satisfy the foregoing requirement unless the Administrative Agent notifies AbitibiBowater Resolute within such five Business Day period that it disagrees with such determination (including a reasonable description of the basis upon which it disagrees) and (g) unless each Domestic Subsidiary and Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is a primary obligor or guarantor in respect of such Refinancing Debt was also a primary obligor or guarantor in respect of the Refinanced Debt, all the Domestic Subsidiaries and Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute that are primary obligors or guarantors of such Refinancing Debt shall be Loan Parties. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in clause (f) above, with respect to Refinanced Debt that is the Senior Secured Notes, the terms and conditions as to collateral of the Refinancing Debt shall be deemed to be not materially less favorable to the Loan Parties or the Lenders than the terms as to collateral of the Refinanced Debt if the Refinancing Debt (i) is secured by collateral meeting the requirements of clause (e) above and (ii) is subject to substantially the same intercreditor arrangements as set forth in and contemplated by the Intercreditor Agreement.
Person ” shall mean an individual, partnership, corporation (including a business trust), joint stock company, estate, trust, limited liability company, unlimited liability company, unincorporated association, joint venture or other entity or Governmental Authority.
Plan of Reorganization ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Plans ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Pound Sterling ” means the lawful currency of the United Kingdom U.K .
PPSA ” shall mean the Personal Property Security Act (Ontario); provided that, if perfection or the effect of perfection or non-perfection or the priority of any security interest in any Collateral is governed by a Personal Property Security Act as in effect in a Canadian jurisdiction other than Ontario, or the Civil Code of Québec , “PPSA” means the Personal Property Security Act as in effect from time to time in such other jurisdiction or the Civil Code of Québec , as applicable, for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection, effect of perfection or non-perfection or priority in such Collateral.

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Prepetition Secured Facilities ” shall mean (i) that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 31, 2006 among Bowater Incorporated (n/k/a/ Resolute US) , Bowater Newsprint South LLC, Bowater Alabama LLC (n/k/a/ Resolute US) , and Bowater Newsprint South Operations LLC (n/k/a/ Resolute US) , as borrowers, the lenders from time to time party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (as successor to Wachovia Bank, N.A.), as agent; (ii) that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 31, 2006 among Bowater Canadian Forest Products Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) , as borrower, Bowater Incorporated (n/k/a/ Resolute US) , Bowater Newsprint South LLC, Bowater Alabama LLC (n/k/a/ Resolute US) , and Bowater Newsprint South Operations LLC (n/k/a/ Resolute US) and certain direct and indirect subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater (n/k/a/ Resolute) , as guarantors, the lenders from time to time party thereto and Bank of Nova Scotia, as agent; (iii) that certain credit agreement dated as of April 1, 2008 among Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) , as borrower, Abitibi AbiBow Canada Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) , certain affiliates and subsidiaries of Abitibi AbiBow Canada Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) , as guarantors, the lenders from time to time party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (as successor to Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P.), as agent; and (iv) the 13.75% Senior Secured Notes issued pursuant to that certain Indenture dated as of April 1, 2008, as supplemented, among Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) , as issuer, certain subsidiaries and affiliates of Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) , as guarantors, and U.S. Bank, National Association, as successor indenture trustee.
“Previous Intercreditor Agreement” shall mean that certain Intercreditor Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010, among Resolute , the other U.S. Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association . The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the Previous Intercreditor Agreement has terminated in accordance with its terms.
Primary Obligations ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.02(a) .
Primary U.S. Loan Party Obligations ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.02(a) .
Priority Lien ” shall have the meaning specified in the definition of Canadian Priority Payables.
Pro Rata Share ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.02(a) .
Projections ” shall mean the projections that were prepared by or on behalf of AbitibiBowater Resolute in connection with this Agreement and provided to the Administrative Agent on September 6, 2010 (and delivered by the Administrative Agent to the Lenders).
PST ” shall mean all provincial sales taxes payable in any provincial jurisdiction of Canada, other than GST and QST.
QSPE ” means each of the following: (a) Calhoun Note Holdings AT LLC, (b) Calhoun Note Holdings TI LLC, (c) Abitibi-Consolidated U.S. Funding Corp., (d) Timber Note Holding Holdings LLC and (e) any other qualified special purpose entity created to facilitate the

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sale and/or the monetization of receivables from the sale of timberlands or Accounts in a transaction permitted hereunder.
QST ” shall mean the tax payable under the Act Respecting the Quebec Sales Tax, R.S.Q. c.T-0.1, as amended.
Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve ” shall mean, with respect to a Secured Cash Management Agreement that is a Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement, the Canadian Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve and the U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve in respect of such Secured Cash Management Agreement.
Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreements ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.21 .
Qualified Secured Cash Management Services Obligations ” shall mean, with respect to a Secured Cash Management Agreement that is a Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement, Cash Management Services Obligations under such Secured Cash Management Agreement; provided that, at any time, the aggregate amount of the Qualified Secured Cash Management Services Obligations under such Secured Cash Management Agreement shall not exceed the aggregate amount of the Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve in respect of such Secured Cash Management Agreement at such time (as such amount is reduced by the aggregate amount of payments in respect of such Qualified Secured Cash Management Services Obligations pursuant to Section 11.02 ); provided further that if the aggregate amount of Qualified Secured Cash Management Services Obligations under such Secured Cash Management Agreement (determined without giving effect to the immediately preceding proviso) at any time exceeds the aggregate amount of the Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve in respect of such Secured Cash Management Agreement at such time (as such amount is reduced by the aggregate amount of payments in respect of such Qualified Secured Cash Management Services Obligations pursuant to Section 11.02 ), then such excess amount shall constitute other Cash Management Services Obligations (and, accordingly, Tertiary Obligations) hereunder.
Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve ” shall mean, with respect to a Secured Hedging Agreement that is a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement, the Canadian Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve and the U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve in respect of such Secured Hedging Agreement.
Qualified Secured Hedging Agreements ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.21 .
Qualified Secured Hedging Obligations ” shall mean, with respect to a Secured Hedging Agreement that is a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement, Hedging Obligations under such Secured Hedging Agreement; provided that, at any time, the aggregate amount of the Qualified Secured Hedging Obligations with respect to such Secured Hedging Agreement shall not exceed the aggregate Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve in respect of such Secured Hedging Agreement at such time (as such amount is reduced by the aggregate amount of payments in respect

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of such Qualified Secured Hedging Obligations pursuant to Section 11.02 ); provided further that if the aggregate amount of Qualified Secured Hedging Obligations with respect to such Secured Hedging Agreement (determined without giving effect to the immediately preceding proviso) at any time exceeds the aggregate Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve in respect of such Secured Hedging Agreement at such time (as such amount is reduced by the aggregate amount of payments in respect of such Qualified Secured Hedging Obligations pursuant to Section 11.02 ), then such excess amount shall constitute other Hedging Obligations (and, accordingly, Tertiary Obligations) hereunder.
Quarterly Payment Date ” shall mean the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December occurring after the Effective Date.
Quebec Pension Agreement ” shall mean the letter from Julie Boulet of the Government of Quebec to David Paterson, Chief Executive Officer of AbitibiBowater, dated September 16, 2010, together with the attached “Overview of Measures for a Draft Regulation regarding Certain AbitibiBowater Pension Plans”.
Quebec Pension Regulations ” shall mean the special funding relief regulations under the Supplemental Pension Plans Act (Quebec) adopted in accordance with the CCAA Plan and the Quebec Pension Agreement.
Quebec Pension Regulations Condition ” shall mean the adoption and effectiveness of the Quebec Pension Regulations implementing the Quebec Pension Agreement, which condition was satisfied on or about August 17, 2011.
Quebec Secured Obligations ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 12.12 .
Quebec Security Documents ” shall mean each hypothecation, bond, pledge of bond and other security document executed and delivered by any of the Canadian Loan Parties, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, as may be necessary for the purpose of creating and preserving in the Province of Quebec the Liens on ABL Priority Collateral located in or otherwise subject to the laws of the Province of Quebec.
Real Properties ” shall mean each parcel of real property identified on Schedule 8.19 , together with all fixtures thereon, and each other parcel of real property acquired and owned in fee simple by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than an Excluded Subsidiary) after the Closing Date, together with all fixtures thereon.
Reference Discount Rate ” shall mean, in respect of any Bankers’ Acceptances or completed Drafts to be purchased by a Canadian Facility Lender pursuant to Section 2.01(a) and Schedule 1.01(b) , (i) by a chartered bank listed on Schedule I to the Bank Act (Canada), the CDOR Rate and (ii) by any other Canadian Facility Lender, the lesser of (A) the rate specified in (i) plus 0.10% and (B) the discount rate (calculated on an annual basis and rounded to the nearest one-hundredth of 1%, with five-thousandths of 1% being rounded up) quoted by Citibank Canada at 10:00 A.M. (Toronto time) as the discount rate at which Citibank Canada would purchase, on the relevant Drawing Date, its own bankers’ acceptances or Drafts having an aggregate Face Amount

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equal to, and with a term to maturity the same as, the Bankers’ Acceptances or Drafts, as the case may be, to be acquired by such Canadian Facility Lender on such Drawing Date.
Register ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 13.15 .
Regulation H ” shall mean Regulation H of the Board as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.
Regulation T ” shall mean Regulation T of the Board as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.
Regulation U ” shall mean Regulation U of the Board as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.
Regulation X ” shall mean Regulation X of the Board as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.
Release ” shall mean any actual or threatened release, spill, emission, leaking, dumping, injection, pouring, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migration into or through the environment or within any building, structure, facility or fixture.
Rent Reserve ” shall mean with respect to any facility, warehouse, distribution center or depot where any Inventory subject to Liens arising by operation of law is located and with respect to which no Collateral Access Agreement is in effect, a reserve equal to (a) in the case of any leased location, one month’s (or such longer period as the Collateral Agent determine in its Discretion as it will take to liquidate ABL Priority Collateral at such location) gross rent at such facility, warehouse, distribution center or depot, but in no event shall such reserve be less than $1,300,000, and (b) in the case of any other such location, an amount determined by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion in respect of the liabilities owed to the applicable bailee or warehouseman.
Reorganization ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Replaced Lender ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.13 .
Replacement Lender ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.13 .
Representative ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 11.02(d) .
Required Lenders ” shall mean, at any time, Non-Defaulting Lenders the sum of whose Commitments (or, after the termination of all Commitments, outstanding Individual Exposures) at such time represents at least a majority of the Total Commitment in effect at such time less the Commitments of all Defaulting Lenders (or, after the termination of all Commitments, the sum of then total outstanding Individual Exposures of all Non-Defaulting Lenders, at such time).
Reserves ” shall mean Dilution Reserves, Inventory Reserves, Rent Reserves and any other reserves established by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion, in all cases without duplication and reserving for such items that have not already been taken into account in the

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calculation of the applicable Borrowing Base (including through the categories of ineligible items set forth in the definitions of “Eligible Accounts” and “Eligible Inventory”) (including, without limitation, reserves for accrued and unpaid interest on the Secured Obligations, reserves for contingent liabilities of any Loan Party, reserves for uninsured losses of any Loan Party, reserves for uninsured, underinsured, un-indemnified or under-indemnified liabilities or potential liabilities with respect to any litigation, reserves for freight costs related to Eligible Inventory in transit, and reserves for taxes, fees, assessments, and other governmental charges) with respect to the Collateral or any Loan Party (other than any Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve and any Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve).
“Resolute ” shall have the meaning provided in the preamble of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, references herein to “Resolute” shall also be deemed to be references to AbitibiBowater.
“Resolute Canada” shall mean Resolute FP Canada Inc. / PF Resolu Canada Inc., a Canadian corporation.
“Resolute US” shall mean Resolute FP US Inc., a Delaware corporation.
Responsible Officer ” of any Person shall mean the chief executive officer, chief operating officer, president or any Financial Officer of such Person and any other officer or similar official thereof responsible for the administration of the obligations of such Person in respect of this Agreement.
Restricted Payment ” shall mean (a) any dividend or other distribution, direct or indirect, on account of any Equity Interests of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, now or hereafter outstanding, except (i) any dividend payable solely in shares or other Equity Interests of such class of Equity Interests to the holders of such Equity Interests, (ii) any dividend or distribution made by any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ratably to the holders of the capital stock of such Subsidiary and (iii) any dividend or distribution made or paid to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , and (b) any redemption, retirement, sinking fund or similar payment, purchase, exchange or other acquisition for value, direct or indirect, of any Equity Interests of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, now or hereafter outstanding, except for any such redemption, retirement, sinking fund or similar payment, purchase, exchange or other acquisition for value (i) payable only to a Loan Party or payable from a Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to another Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute or (ii) of any minority Equity Interests of a Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is not wholly owned which are held by Persons that are not Affiliates of AbitibiBowater Resolute .
Restructuring Transactions ” shall mean the steps and transactions required to give effect to the transactions contemplated in the CCAA Plan and the restructuring transaction notice(s) posted and delivered in accordance with the CCAA Plan.
Returns ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 8.12 .

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Revolver Facilities ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 15.01(f) .
Revolving Credit Obligations ” shall, prior to the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to such term in the form of Intercreditor Agreement attached as Exhibit E hereto, and after the Effective Date, have the meaning assigned to such term in the Intercreditor Agreement.
Revolving Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(a) .
Revolving Loan Maturity Date ” shall mean October 28, 2016 (or if such day is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day).
Revolving Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
RL Percentage ” of any Lender at any time shall mean a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is the Commitment of such Lender at such time and the denominator of which is the Total Commitment at such time, provided that if the RL Percentage of any Lender is to be determined after the Total Commitment has been terminated, then the RL Percentage of such Lender shall mean a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is such Lender’s Individual Exposure at such time and the denominator of which is the Aggregate Exposure at such time; provided that in the case of Section 2.18 when a Defaulting Lender shall exist, “RL Percentage” shall mean the percentage of the total Commitments (disregarding any Defaulting Lender’s Commitment) represented by such Lender’s Commitment.
S&P ” shall mean Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of McGraw‑Hill, Inc.
Sale/Leaseback Transaction ” shall mean an arrangement, direct or indirect, whereby AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries shall sell or transfer any property, real or personal, used or useful in its business, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, and thereafter rent or lease such property or other property that it intends to use for substantially the same purpose or purposes as the property sold or transferred.
Sanction Order ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
Second Amendment Effective Date ” means October 28, 2011.
Secondary Obligations ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.02(a) .
Secondary U.S. Loan Party Obligations ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.02(a) .
Section 5.04 5.05 (b)(ii) Certificate ” shall have the meaning provided in Section  5.04 5.05 (b)(ii) .
Secured Cash Management Agreements ” shall mean each Cash Management Agreement entered into by a Loan Party with any Lender or any affiliate thereof (even if such Lender subsequently ceases to be a Lender under this Agreement for any reason) the obligations of which

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have been designated pursuant to Section 13.21 as being treated as “Cash Management Services Obligations” so long as such Lender or such affiliate participates in such Secured Cash Management Agreement.
Secured Hedging Agreements ” shall mean each Hedging Agreement entered into by a Loan Party with any Lender or any affiliate thereof (even if such Lender subsequently ceases to be a Lender under this Agreement for any reason) the obligations of which have been designated pursuant to Section 13.21 as being treated as “Hedging Obligations” so long as such Lender or such affiliate participates in such Hedging Agreement.
Secured Obligations ” shall mean the Canadian Secured Obligations , the English Secured Obligations and/ or the U.S. Secured Obligations or both , as the context requires , but shall in any case exclude the Excluded Swap Obligations .
Secured Parties ” shall mean, collectively, (i) the Lender Creditors, (ii) the Hedging Creditors, (iii) the Cash Management Creditors, (iv) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (v) the successors and assigns of each of the foregoing.
Securities Act ” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Security Documents ” shall mean the Mortgages, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the Canadian Security Documents, the European Security Documents , the IP Security Agreements , the Collateral Access Agreements and each of the security agreements and other instruments and documents executed and delivered pursuant to Section 9.09 or the Letter of Credit Back-Stop Arrangements; provided , that any cash collateral or other agreements entered into pursuant to the Letter of Credit Back-Stop Arrangements shall constitute “Security Documents” solely for purposes of (x) Sections 8.02 and (y) the term “Loan Documents” as used in Sections 10.01(a) , 10.02(a)(ii) , 10.11 and 13.01 .
Senior Managing Agents ” shall mean each of BMO Capital Markets and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, each in its capacity as Senior Managing Agent in respect of the credit facilities hereunder, and any successors thereto.
Senior Secured Notes ” shall mean (a) the 10.25 5.875 % Senior Secured Notes due 2018 2023 issued by ABI Escrow Corporation on May 8, 2013 by Resolute in the aggregate principal amount of $ 850,000,000 600,000,000 or (b) any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness of the Indebtedness described in clause (a).
“Senior Notes Documents” shall mean all agreements and other documents evidencing or governing the Senior Notes or providing for any guarantee or other right in respect thereof.

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“Senior Secured Notes” shall mean the 10.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2018 issued by ABI Escrow Corporation in the aggregate principal amount of $850,000,000 which were fully redeemed in 2013.
Senior Secured Notes Documents ” shall mean all agreements and other documents evidencing or governing the Senior Secured Notes (other than, for the avoidance of doubt, this Agreement or the Previous Intercreditor Agreement) or providing for any guarantee, security interests or other right in respect thereof.
Settlement Date ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.04(b)(i) .
Significant Asset Sale ” shall mean each Asset Sale (without giving effect to clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv) of the proviso to such definition) (and any casualty or condemnation event) with respect to ABL Priority Collateral resulting in Net Cash Proceeds in excess of $10,000,000.
“Sixth Amendment Effective Date” shall mean the date on which Amendment No. 6 becomes effective in accordance with its terms.
Specified Acquisition ” shall have the meaning specified in Amendment No. 4.
Specified Collection Accounts ” shall mean, at all times prior to the date that is 90 days following the Second Amendment Effective Date (or such later date as is agreed by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion) (the “ Cutoff Date ”), the deposit accounts listed on Schedule 1.01(e) hereto; provided, that the average daily balance (determined for the most recently completed calendar month) held in all Specified Collection Accounts shall not at any time exceed (x) $20,000,000 in the aggregate for all such accounts if Excess Availability is greater than $150,000,000 or (y) $10,000,000 in the aggregate for all such accounts if Excess Availability is less than or equal to $150,000,0000 (and, if the foregoing condition would not be satisfied at any time, AbitibiBowater Resolute shall re-designate one or more such accounts as not constituting Specified Collection Accounts to the extent necessary (and absent any such designation, the Administrative Agent may make such designation in its discretion)). It is understood and agreed that on and after the Cutoff Date, none of the deposit accounts set forth on Schedule 1.01(e) (and no other deposit accounts) shall constitute Specified Collection Accounts.
“Specified Secured Indebtedness” shall have the meaning given to such term in Section 10.02(a)(iii).
“Specified Secured Indebtedness Collateral Account” means each deposit account or securities account established pursuant to the Specified Secured Indebtedness Documents for purposes of holding Notes Priority Collateral (and no other amounts).
Specified Secured Indebtedness Documents” shall mean all agreements and other documents evidencing or governing the Specified Secured Indebtedness (other than, for the avoidance of doubt, any of the Loan Documents or any intercreditor agreement) or providing for any guarantee, security interests or other right in respect thereof.

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Start Date ” shall mean the first day of each calendar month commencing after the Two-Quarter Date.
Stated Amount ” of each Letter of Credit shall mean, at any time, the maximum amount available to be drawn thereunder (in each case determined without regard to whether any conditions to drawing could then be met); provided that the “Stated Amount” of each Letter of Credit denominated in Canadian Dollars shall be, on any date of calculation, the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of the maximum amount available to be drawn in the respective currency thereunder (determined without regard to whether any conditions to drawing could then be met).
Subsidiary ” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any corporation, partnership, association or other business entity of which securities or other ownership interests representing more than 50% of the equity or more than 50% of the ordinary voting power or more than 50% of the general partnership or membership interests are, at the time any determination is being made, owned, controlled or held by, or otherwise Controlled by, such Person or one or more Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person. Unless otherwise qualified, all references to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” in this Agreement shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute .
Subsidiary Guarantor ” shall mean each U.S. Subsidiary Guarantor and , each Canadian Subsidiary Guarantor and each English Guarantor .
Super-Majority Facility Lenders ” shall mean those Non-Defaulting Lenders which would constitute the Required Lenders under, and as defined in, this Agreement, if the reference to “a majority” contained therein were changed to “66⅔%”.
“Swap Obligation” means, with respect to any Guarantor, any obligation to pay or perform under any agreement, contract or transaction that constitutes a “swap” within the meaning of section 1a(47) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

Swingline Expiry Date ” shall mean that date which is five Business Days prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date.
Swingline Exposure ” shall mean the sum of (i) the U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure plus (ii) the Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure.
Swingline Lender ” shall mean (a)  the Administrative Agent, in its capacity as a Swingline Lender hereunder . and (b) a Canadian Lender designated after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date by Resolute to act as a provider of Swingline Loans to the Canadian Borrowers hereunder (and that has agreed to act in such capacity) and that has executed a counterpart or joinder hereto or other written agreement evidencing such agreement (the “Canadian Swingline Lender”).
Swingline Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(b) .
Swingline Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .

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Syndication Agent ” shall mean each of Barclays Capital, the investment banking division of Barclays, and The Bank of Nova Scotia, each in its capacity as Syndication Agent in respect of the credit facilities hereunder, and any successors thereto.
Taxes ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.04 5.05 (a) .
Tax Incentive Transaction ” means any development or revenue bond financing arrangement between any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute and a development authority or other similar governmental authority or entity for the purpose of providing property tax incentives to such Subsidiary whereby the development authority (i) purchases property from or on behalf of such AbitibiBowater Resolute Subsidiary, (ii) leases such property back to such AbitibiBowater Resolute Subsidiary, (iii) the development authority issues the bonds to finance such acquisition and 100% of such bonds are purchased and held by AbitibiBowater Resolute or a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , (iv) the rental payments on the lease and the debt service payments on the bonds are substantially equal and (v) such AbitibiBowater Resolute or such Subsidiary has the option to prepay the bonds, terminate its lease and reacquire the property for nominal consideration at any time; provided that if at any time any of the foregoing conditions shall cease to be satisfied, such transaction shall cease to be a Tax Incentive Transaction.
Tertiary Obligations ” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.02(a) .
Test Period ” shall mean, on any date of determination, (i) other than during a Compliance Period, the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of AbitibiBowater Resolute then last ended and (ii) during a Compliance Period, each period of 12 consecutive fiscal months of AbitibiBowater Resolute then last ended, in each case taken as one accounting period.
Total Borrowing Base ” shall mean, as of any date of determination, the sum of the Canadian Borrowing Base and the U.S. Borrowing Base, in each case, at such date.
Total Canadian Facility Commitment ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of the Canadian Facility Commitments of each of the Lenders at such time.
Total Commitment ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of the Commitments of each of the Lenders at such time.
Total Unutilized Canadian Facility Commitment ” shall mean, at any time, an amount equal to (a) the Total Canadian Facility Commitment in effect at such time minus (b) the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure at such time.
Total Unutilized Commitment ” shall mean, at any time, an amount equal to (a) the Total Commitment in effect at such time minus (b) the Aggregate Exposure at such time.
Total Unutilized U.S. Facility Commitment ” shall mean, at any time, an amount equal to (a) the Total U.S. Facility Commitment in effect at such time minus (b) the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure at such time.

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Total U.S. Facility Commitment ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of the U.S. Facility Commitments of each of the Lenders at such time.
Transactions ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 8.02 .
Two-Quarter Date ” shall mean the date on which the second fiscal quarter of AbitibiBowater Resolute which commences on or after the Effective Date shall end.
2007 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility ” shall mean the letter of credit facility made available to Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) (including in its capacity as successor to Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada) pursuant to that certain Credit Agreement, dated as of March 21, 2007, by and among Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) , as borrower, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, as administrative agent, and the financial institutions party thereto.
2008 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility ” shall mean the letter of credit facility made available to Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. (n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) (successor to Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada) pursuant to that certain Facility Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2008, by and among Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. ( n/k/a/ Resolute Canada) ( successor to Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada), as borrower, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, as administrative agent, and the financial institutions party thereto.
2008 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility Intercreditor Agreement ” shall mean an intercreditor agreement in respect of the cash collateral securing the 2008 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent.
Type ” shall mean the type of Loan determined with regard to the interest option applicable thereto, i.e. , whether a Base Rate Loan, a Eurodollar Loan, a Canadian Prime Rate Loan or a Bankers’ Acceptance Loan.
UCC ” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the relevant jurisdiction.
United States ” and “ U.S. ” shall each mean the United States of America.
Unpaid Drawing ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.05(a) .
Unutilized Commitment ” shall mean, with respect to any Lender at any time, the sum of (i) to the extent such Lender is a U.S. Facility Lender, such Lender’s U.S. Facility Commitment at such time minus the sum of (a) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all U.S. Facility Revolving Loans made by such Lender at such time plus (b) such Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage of the U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time and (ii) to the extent such Lender is a Canadian Facility Lender, such Lender’s Canadian Facility Commitment at such time minus the sum of (a) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all Canadian Facility Revolving Loans made by such Lender at such time plus (b) such Lender’s Canadian Facility Letter

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of Credit Exposure at such time. For purposes of this definition, calculations shall be based on the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts denominated in Canadian Dollars.
“U.K.” shall mean the United Kingdom.
“U.K. Security Documents” shall mean the English Security Agreement, the Northern Irish Security Agreement and the other similar security agreements, instruments and documents executed and delivered pursuant to Section 9.09 governed by the laws of England and Wales.
U.S. Bankruptcy Court ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
U.S. Borrower ” and “ U.S. Borrowers ” shall have the meaning provided in the preamble of this Agreement and shall include any Other Borrower that is a Domestic Subsidiary .
U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Letter of Credit ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.01(a) .
U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(a) .
U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(b) .
U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
U.S. Borrower Loans ” shall mean each U.S. Borrower Revolving Loan and each U.S. Borrower Swingline Loan.
U.S. Borrower Obligations ” shall mean all Obligations owing to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, any Issuing Lender or any Lender by any U.S. Borrower.
U.S. Borrower Revolving Loan ” shall mean each Revolving Loan borrowed by a U.S. Borrower.
U.S. Borrower Swingline Loan ” shall mean each Swingline Loan borrowed by a U.S. Borrower.
U.S. Borrowing Base ” shall mean, at the time of any determination, an amount equal to the sum of the U.S. Dollar amount (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars), without duplication, of (a) (I) 85% of the aggregate Outstanding Balance of Eligible U.S. Accounts (other than Eligible International Accounts) at such

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time plus (II) 90% of the aggregate Outstanding Balance of Eligible International Accounts owned by U.S. Loan Parties plus (b) the lesser of (i) 65% of Eligible U.S. Inventory at such time and (ii) 85% of the Net Orderly Liquidation Value of Eligible U.S. Inventory at such time (in each case with respect to clauses (i) and (ii) with any Eligible U.S. Inventory to be valued at the lower of cost or market value thereof (net of any intercompany profit)), minus plus (c )(i) 100% of all amounts on deposit in U.S. Designated Blocked Accounts (to the extent such amounts constitute cash held in Deposit Accounts) and (ii) 95% of all other amounts on deposit in U.S. Designated Blocked Accounts (to the extent such amounts constitute Permitted Investments of the type described in clause (a) of the definition thereof held in securities accounts), minus (d ) the sum (without duplication) of (i) the aggregate amount of U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserves for all U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreements, (ii) the aggregate amount of U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserves for all U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreements, (iii) the Insurance Deductible Reserve with respect to the U.S. Borrowing Base; and (iv) the amount of any other Reserves, in such amounts and with respect to such matters, as the Collateral Agent in its Discretion may establish from time to time with respect to the U.S. Borrowing Base ; provided, however , that the aggregate amount arising under preceding clause (c), together with the aggregate amount arising under clause (c) of the first sentence of the definition of “Canadian Borowing Base”, shall not exceed $100,000,000 . The U.S. Borrowing Base at any time shall be determined by reference to the most recent Borrowing Base Certificate delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.04(d), 5.04(e) or 9.04(h) of this Agreement, adjusted on a pro forma basis as necessary (pending the delivery of a new Borrowing Base Certificate) to reflect the impact of any Significant Asset Sale or any other event or circumstance which by the express terms of this Agreement alters the eligibility for inclusion in the U.S. Borrowing Base of Eligible Accounts or Eligible Inventory reflected in such Borrowing Base Certificate. The Collateral Agent shall have the right (but no obligation) to review the computations in any Borrowing Base Certificate and if, in its Discretion, such computations have not been calculated in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Collateral Agent shall have the right, in consultation with AbitibiBowater Resolute , to correct any such errors in such manner as it shall determine in its Discretion and the Collateral Agent will notify AbitibiBowater Resolute promptly after making any such correction.
U.S. Collection Account ” shall mean each account established at a U.S. Collection Bank subject to a Control Agreement into which funds shall be transferred as provided in Section 5.03(b) .
U.S. Collection Banks ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.03(b) .
U.S. Debtor Entities ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
“U.S. Designated Blocked Account” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.04(a).
U.S. Dilution Reserve ” shall mean, at any date, (i) the amount by which the Dilution Ratio of U.S. Eligible Accounts exceeds five percent (5%) multiplied by (ii) the Eligible U.S. Accounts on such date.

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U.S. Dollar Denominated Loans ” shall mean each Loan denominated in U.S. Dollars at the time of the incurrence thereof.
U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans ” shall mean each Revolving Loan denominated in U.S. Dollars at the time of the incurrence thereof.
U.S. Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans ” shall mean each Swingline Loan denominated in U.S. Dollars at the time of the incurrence thereof.
U.S. Dollar Equivalent ” of an amount denominated in a currency other than U.S. Dollars shall mean, at any time for the determination thereof, the amount of U.S. Dollars which could be purchased with the amount of such currency involved in such computation at the spot exchange rate therefor as quoted by the Administrative Agent as of 11:00 A.M. (New York time) on the date two Business Days prior to the date of any determination thereof, for purchase on such date; provided that for purposes of (x) determining compliance with Sections 2.01(c) , 2.01(d) , 3.02 , 5.02(a) , 7.01 and 7.03 and (y) calculating Fees pursuant to Section 4.01 (except Fees which are expressly required to be paid in a currency other than U.S. Dollars pursuant to Section 4.01 ), the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of any amounts denominated in a currency other than U.S. Dollars shall be revalued on each Credit Event or loan repricing date using the spot exchange rates therefor as quoted on Bloomberg (or, if same does not provide such exchange rates, on such other basis as is reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent) on the immediately preceding Business Day, provided , however , that at any time, if the Aggregate Exposure (for the purposes of the determination thereof, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent as recalculated based on the spot exchange rate therefor as quoted on Bloomberg (or, if same does not provide such exchange rates, on such other basis as is reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent) on the respective date of determination pursuant to this exception) would exceed 85% of the Total Commitment or the Total Borrowing Base, then in the sole discretion of the Administrative Agent or at the request of the Required Lenders, the U.S. Dollar Equivalent shall be reset based upon the spot exchange rates on such date as quoted on Bloomberg (or, if same does not provide such exchange rates, on such other basis as is reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent), which rates shall remain in effect until the date of a Credit Event or loan repricing or such earlier date, if any, as the rate is reset pursuant to this proviso. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this definition, at any time that a Default or an Event of Default then exists, the Administrative Agent may revalue the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of any amounts outstanding under the Loan Documents in a currency other than U.S. Dollars on any date in its sole discretion in accordance with the foregoing methodology.
U.S. Dollars ” or “ $ ” shall mean lawful currency of the United States.
U.S. Facility ” shall mean the credit facility established hereunder for the U.S. Borrowers under Sections 2.01(a)(A) , 2.01(b)(A) and 3.01(a)(A)(i) .
U.S. Facility Commitment ” shall mean, for each Lender, the amount set forth opposite such Lender’s name in Schedule 1.01(a) directly below the column entitled “U.S. Facility Revolving Commitment”, as same may be (x) reduced from time to time or terminated pursuant to Sections 4.02 , 4.03 and/or 11 , as applicable, (y) adjusted from time to time as a result of assignments to or from such Lender pursuant to Section 2.13 or 13.04(b) , or (z) increased from time to time

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pursuant to Section 2.14 . As of the Closing Date, the aggregate amount of U.S. Facility Commitments of the U.S. Facility Lenders is U.S. $200,000,000.
U.S. Facility Lenders ” shall mean the Lenders having U.S. Facility Commitments (or, after the termination of all U.S. Facility Commitments, outstanding Individual U.S. Facility Exposure).
U.S. Facility Letter of Credit ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 3.01(a) .
U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the aggregate amount of all U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time in respect of U.S. Facility Letters of Credit issued for the account of any U.S. Borrower. The U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure of any Lender at any time shall be its U.S. Facility RL Percentage of the total U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure at such time.
U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Outstandings ” shall mean, at any time, the sum of (a) the Stated Amount of all outstanding U.S. Facility Letters of Credit at such time and (b) the aggregate amount of all Unpaid Drawings in respect of all U.S. Facility Letters of Credit at such time.
U.S. Facility Obligations ” shall mean all Loan Document Obligations owing to any Lender Creditor to repay principal of, interest on, and all other amounts with respect to, all U.S. Facility Revolving Loans, U.S. Facility Swingline Loans, U.S. Facility Letters of Credit, and all other Loan Document Obligations (including, without limitation, all fees, indemnities, taxes and other obligations) pursuant to this Agreement and each other Loan Document in connection with the U.S. Facility Commitments.
U.S. Facility Revolving Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(a) .
U.S. Facility Revolving Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
U.S. Facility RL Percentage ” of any U.S. Facility Lender at any time shall mean a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is the U.S. Facility Commitment of such Lender at such time and the denominator of which is the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time, provided that if the U.S. Facility RL Percentage of any U.S. Facility Lender is to be determined after the Total U.S. Facility Commitment has been terminated, then the U.S. Facility RL Percentages of such U.S. Facility Lender shall mean a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is such U.S. Facility Lender’s Individual U.S. Facility Exposure at such time and the denominator of which is the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure at such time, provided that in the case of Section 2.18 when a Defaulting Lender shall exist, “U.S. Facility RL Percentage” shall mean the percentage of the Total U.S. Facility Commitments (disregarding any Defaulting Lender’s U.S. Facility Commitment) represented by such Lender’s U.S. Facility Commitment.
U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure ” shall mean, at any time, the aggregate principal amount of all U.S. Facility Swingline Loans outstanding at such time. The U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure of any Lender at any time shall be its U.S. Facility RL Percentage of the total U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure at such time.

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U.S. Facility Swingline Loan ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.01(b) .
U.S. Facility Swingline Note ” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.05(a) .
U.S. Guarantors ” shall mean and include each U.S. Borrower (in its capacity as a guarantor under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) and each U.S. Subsidiary Guarantor.
U.S. Loan Parties ” shall mean AbitibiBowater Resolute , each other U.S. Borrower and each U.S. Guarantor.
U.S. Loan Party Obligations ” shall mean (i) all U.S. Borrower Obligations, (ii) all Hedging Obligations owing to Hedging Creditors by any U.S. Loan Party, (iii) all Cash Management Services Obligations owing to Cash Management Creditors by any U.S. Loan Party, and (iv) any guarantees of the obligations described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) hereof by the U.S. Loan Parties pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or pursuant to any other Loan Document.
U.S. Perfection Certificate ” shall mean the U.S. Perfection Certificate in the form thereof included in Exhibit D-1 or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent, as the same may be supplemented from time to time pursuant to Section 9.10(c) or otherwise.
U.S. Proceedings ” shall have the meaning provided in the recitals to this Agreement.
U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement ” shall mean any Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement between a Cash Management Creditor (as determined at the time such Secured Cash Management Agreement is designated by AbitibiBowater Resolute as a Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement without regard to whether such Person is currently a Lender or an affiliate thereof) and any Loan Party.
U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement Reserve ” shall mean a reserve established by the Collateral Agent from time to time in respect of a U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement, which reserve shall be in an amount equal to the reserve agreed upon from time to time by the applicable Cash Management Creditor, AbitibiBowater Resolute and notified to, and if Excess Availability (after giving effect to such reserve) is less than 35% of the Total Commitment then in effect at the time such reserve is created or increased, consented to in writing by the Collateral Agent in its Discretion (it being understood and agreed that a reserve with respect to a U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement (i) may be only be decreased with the consent of the Cash Management Creditor party to such U.S. Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement and (ii) may be only be created or increased if, after giving effect thereto, the Aggregate U.S. Borrower Exposure would not exceed 100% of the U.S. Borrowing Base at such time.)
U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement ” shall mean any Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement between a Hedging Creditor (as determined at the time such Hedging Agreement is designated by AbitibiBowater Resolute as a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement without regard to whether such Person is currently a Hedging Creditor) and any Loan Party.

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U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserve ” shall mean a reserve established by the Collateral Agent from time to time in respect of a U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement, which reserve shall be in the amount of the aggregate U.S. Dollar Equivalent marked to market exposure thereunder as calculated from time to time by the Hedging Creditor party to such U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement in accordance with GAAP (based on the valuation methodology agreed between AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Hedging Creditor party to such U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement) and notified to the Collateral Agent (and acknowledged by the Administrative Agent) (A) at the time such Secured Hedging Agreement is designated as a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement and (B) from time to time thereafter, in each case, in accordance with Section 13.21 (it being understood and agreed that a reserve with respect to a U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement (i) may only be decreased below the marked to market exposure thereunder with the consent of the Hedging Creditor party to such U.S. Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement and (ii) may only be created or increased (x) if after giving effect thereto the Aggregate U.S. Borrower Exposure would not exceed 100% of the U.S. Borrowing Base at such time and (y) if at such time an Event of Default exists or if after giving effect to such reserve the aggregate amount of all Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement Reserves would exceed $100,000,000, with the written consent of the Collateral Agent in its Discretion.
U.S. Secured Obligations ” shall mean and include (a) all Loan Document Obligations owing by any U.S. Loan Party, (b) all Hedging Obligations owing by any U.S. Loan Party, (c) all Cash Management Services Obligations owing by any U.S. Loan Party, and (d) all amounts paid (or incurred) by any Indemnified Party as to which such Indemnified Party has the right to reimbursement under Section 13.01 or any indemnity contained in any Security Document; it being acknowledged and agreed that the “U.S. Secured Obligations” shall include extensions of credit of the types described above, whether outstanding on the date of this Agreement or any Security Document or extended from time to time after the date of this Agreement or any Security Document.
U.S. Subsidiary Guarantors ” shall mean (a) each Domestic Subsidiary (other than a Domestic Subsidiary that is a Subsidiary of a Foreign Subsidiary) of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is a Material Wholly-Owned Subsidiary (other than Excluded Subsidiaries and any U.S. Borrowers), whether existing on the Closing Date or established, created or acquired after the Closing Date, (b) each Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than Excluded Subsidiaries and any U.S. Borrowers), which guarantees obligations under the Senior Secured Notes Documents, whether existing on the Closing Date or established, created or acquired after the Closing Date and (c) each other Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that becomes party to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement as a “Guarantor” and “Grantor”, in each case unless and until such time as the respective Subsidiary is released from all of its obligations under the Security Documents to which it is a party in accordance with the terms and provisions thereof.
Weekly Borrowing Base Period ” shall mean (a) any period (i) during the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default or (ii) (x) commencing on the date on which the Excess Availability is less than an amount (the “ Weekly Reporting Amount ”) at any time equal to the greater of (A) $ 75,000,000 60,000,000 and (B) the lesser of (1) 15 10 % of the Total Commitment as then in effect or (2) 15 10 % of the Total Borrowing Base as then in effect, and (y) ending on the first date

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thereafter on which the Excess Availability has been equal to or greater than the Weekly Reporting Amount for 45 consecutive days and (b) any other period which the Borrowers elect to treat as a Weekly Borrowing Base Period by notice to the Collateral Agent, which period (in the case of this clause (b)) shall terminate upon notice thereof by the Borrowers to the Collateral Agent.
Weighted Average Life to Maturity ” shall mean, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing: (i) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect thereof, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by (ii) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.
Wells Fargo ” shall mean Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, and its successors.
Wholly-Owned ” shall mean, as to any Person not an individual, that 100% of all Equity Interests of such Person (other than directors’ qualifying shares and/or other nominal amounts of shares required to be held by Persons other than AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries under applicable law) are held directly or indirectly by AbitibiBowater Resolute .
Withdrawal Liability ” shall mean liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan, as such terms are defined in Part I of Subtitle E of Title IV of ERISA.
1.02.     References to “UCC” . Where the context so requires, (i) any term defined herein by reference to the “UCC” shall also have any extended, alternative or analogous meaning given to such term in applicable Canadian personal property security and other laws (including, without limitation, the Personal Property Security Act of each province or territory of Canada, the Securities Transfer Act or equivalent of each province or territory of Canada, the Civil Code of Québec , the Bills of Exchange Act (Canada) and the Depository Bills and Notes Act (Canada)), in all cases for the extension, preservation or betterment of the security and rights of the Administrative Agent, and (ii) all references herein to a financing statement, continuation statement, amendment or termination statement shall be deemed to refer also to the analogous documents used under applicable Canadian personal property security laws.
1.03.     Terms Generally . The definitions in Section 1.01 shall apply equally to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words “include”, “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”. The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”. Unless the context shall otherwise require, all references herein to Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be deemed to be references to Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, this Agreement , and the words “herein”, “hereof” and “hereunder”, and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof. Other than as specifically set forth in this Agreement, each reference to any Loan Document or any other document or agreement shall be deemed to be a reference to such Loan Document, document or agreement as

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amended, restated (including any amendment and restatement thereof), waived, supplemented, modified, extended or renewed from time to time in accordance with the provisions hereof and thereof. All references to any Person shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such Person.
1.04.     Pro Forma Calculations . For the purposes of (i) the Interest Coverage Ratio and the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, upon and after the occurrence of any Permitted Acquisition, and (ii) the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, upon and after the occurrence of any Asset Sale or any action or proposed action pursuant to Payment Conditions, in each case, the applicable calculation shall be made with respect to the applicable period (and, to the extent applicable, subsequent periods) on a pro forma basis after giving effect to such Permitted Acquisition, Asset Sale or action or proposed action pursuant to Payment Conditions, as the case may be (including, without duplication, in respect of any Permitted Acquisition (a) all pro forma adjustments permitted or required by Article 11 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and (b) pro forma adjustments for cost savings (net of continuing associated expense) to the extent such cost savings are factually supportable and have been realized or are reasonably expected to be realized within 12 months following the Permitted Acquisition, provided that such cost savings shall be set forth in a reasonably detailed certificate of a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute , using, for purposes of making such calculations, the historical financial statements of all entities or assets so acquired or to be acquired and the consolidated financial statements of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, which shall be reformulated as if such Permitted Acquisition or Asset Sale, and any other Permitted Acquisitions or Asset Sales that have been consummated during the period, had been consummated at the beginning of such period. In addition, solely for purposes of determining the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, any Indebtedness incurred or repaid in connection with any Permitted Acquisition or Asset Sale and any other Permitted Acquisitions or Asset Sales that have been consummated during the period shall be assumed to have been incurred or repaid at the beginning of such period.
1.05.     Accounting Terms; GAAP . Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature shall be construed in accordance with GAAP, as in effect from time to time; provided that, if AbitibiBowater Resolute notifies the Administrative Agent that it requests an amendment to any provision hereof to eliminate the effect of any change occurring in GAAP or in the application thereof on the operation of such provision (or if the Administrative Agent notifies AbitibiBowater Resolute that the Required Lenders request an amendment to any provision hereof for such purpose), regardless of whether any such notice is given before or after such change in GAAP or in the application thereof, then such provision shall be interpreted on the basis of GAAP as in effect and applied immediately before such change shall have become effective until such notice shall have been withdrawn or such provision amended in accordance herewith. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made, without giving effect to any election under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 159 (or any other Financial Accounting Standard having a similar result or effect) to value any Indebtedness or other liabilities of AbitibiBowater Resolute , the Borrowers or any of their respective Subsidiaries at “fair value”, as defined therein.

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1.06.     Interpretation-Québec . For purposes of any assets, liabilities or entities located in the Province of Québec or charged by any deed of hypothec (or any other Loan Document) and for all other purposes pursuant to which the interpretation or construction of this Agreement may be subject to the laws of the Province of Québec or a court or tribunal exercising jurisdiction in the Province of Québec, (a) “personal property” shall include “movable property”, (b) “real property” or “real estate” shall include “immovable property”, (c) “tangible property” shall include “corporeal property”, (d) “intangible property” shall include “incorporeal property”, (e) “security interest”, “mortgage” and “lien” shall include a “hypothec”, “right of retention”, “prior claim” and a “resolutory clause”, (f) all references to filing, perfection, priority, remedies, registering or recording under the UCC, PPSA or Code shall include publication under the Civil Code of Québec, (g) all references to “perfection” of or “perfected” liens or security interest shall include a reference to an “opposable” or “set up” lien or security interest as against third parties, (h) any “right of offset”, "right of setoff" or similar expression shall include a “right of compensation”, (i) “common law” shall include “civil law”, (j) “tort” shall include “delict”; (k) “bailor” shall include “depositor” and “bailee” shall include depositary”; (l) “goods” shall include “corporeal movable property” other than chattel paper, documents of title, instruments, money and securities, (m) an “agent” shall include a “mandatary”, (n) “construction liens” shall include “legal hypothecs”; (o) “joint and several” shall include “solidary”; (p) “gross negligence or willful misconduct” shall be deemed to be “intentional or gross fault”; (q) “beneficial ownership” shall include “ownership on behalf of another as mandatary”; (r) “easement” shall include “servitude”; (s) “priority” shall include “prior claim”; (t) “survey” shall include “certificate of location and plan”; (u) “state” shall include “province”; (v) “fee simple title” shall include “absolute ownership”; (w) “accounts” shall include “claims”; (x) “conditional sale” shall include “instalment sale”; (y) “purchase money financing” or “purchase money lien” shall include “instalment sales, contracts of lease, leasing contracts and vendor’s hypothecs”. The parties hereto confirm that it is their wish that this Agreement and any other document executed in connection with the transactions contemplated herein be drawn up in the English language only and that all other documents contemplated thereunder or relating thereto, including notices, may also be drawn up in the English language only. Les parties aux présentes confirment que c'est leur volonté que cette convention et les autres documents de crédit soient rédigés en langue anglaise seulement et que tous les documents, y compris tous avis, envisagés par cette convention et les autres documents peuvent être rédigés en langue anglaise seulement.
SECTION 2. Amount and Terms of Credit
2.01.     The Commitments . (a) Subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth herein (including, without limitation, the conditions set forth in Sections 6 and 7), (A) each U.S. Facility Lender with a U.S. Facility Commitment severally agrees to make, at any time and from time to time on or after the Effective Date and prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date, a revolving loan or revolving loans to any U.S. Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other U.S. Borrowers) (each, a “U.S. Facility Revolving Loan” and, collectively, the “U.S. Facility Revolving Loans”) and (B) each Canadian Facility Lender with a Canadian Facility Commitment severally agrees to make, at any time and from time to time on or after the Effective Date and prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date, (x) a revolving loan or revolving loans to any U.S. Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other U.S. Borrowers) (each, a “U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loan” and, collectively, the “U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loans”) and

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(y) a revolving loan or revolving loans to any Canadian Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other Canadian Borrowers) (each, a “Canadian Borrower Revolving Loan” and, collectively, the “Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans” and, together with the U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loans, each, a “Canadian Facility Revolving Loan” and, collectively, the “Canadian Facility Revolving Loans” and, together with the U.S. Facility Revolving Loans, each, a “Revolving Loan” and, collectively, the “Revolving Loans”), which Revolving Loans:
(i)    shall be made and maintained in an Available Currency;
(ii)    except as hereafter provided, shall, at the option of the applicable Borrowers, be incurred and maintained as, and/or converted into, one or more Borrowings of (x) Base Rate Loans, Canadian Prime Rate Loans or Eurodollar Loans, or (y) (A) in the case of a B/A Lender, Bankers’ Acceptances in Canadian Dollars by acceptance and purchase thereof on the terms and conditions provided for herein and in Schedule 1.01(b) or (B) in the case of a Non-B/A Lender, completed Drafts in Canadian Dollars purchased and, at the request of the Non-B/A Lender, exchanged for B/A Equivalent Notes, in each case on the terms and conditions provided for herein and in Schedule 1.01(b) ; provided that, except as otherwise specifically provided in Section 2.10(b) , all Revolving Loans made as part of the same Borrowing shall at all times consist of Revolving Loans of the same Type;
(iii)    may be repaid and reborrowed in accordance with the provisions hereof; and
(iv)    shall not be made (and shall not be required to be made) by any such Lender in any instance where the incurrence thereof (after giving effect to the use of the proceeds thereof on the date of the incurrence thereof to repay any amounts theretofore outstanding pursuant to this Agreement) would cause (x) in the case of U.S. Facility Revolving Loans, (A) the Individual U.S. Facility Exposure of such U.S. Facility Lender to exceed the amount of its U.S. Facility Commitment at such time or (B) the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure to exceed the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time or (y) in the case of Canadian Facility Revolving Loans, (A) the Individual Canadian Facility Exposure of such Canadian Facility Lender to exceed the amount of its Canadian Facility Commitment at such time or (B) the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure to exceed the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time.
(b)    Subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth herein (including, without limitation, the conditions set forth in Sections 6 and 7 ), upon the request of the Borrowers, the a Swingline Lender may in its sole discretion make, at any time and from time to time on or after the Effective Date and prior to the Swingline Expiry Date (A) in respect of the U.S. Facility Commitments, a revolving loan or revolving loans to any U.S. Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other U.S. Borrowers) (each, a “ U.S. Facility Swingline Loan ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Facility Swingline Loans ”) and (B) in respect of the Canadian Facility Commitments, (x) a revolving loan or revolving loans to any U.S. Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other U.S. Borrowers) (each, a “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Loan ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Loans ”) and (y) a revolving loan or revolving loans to any Canadian Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other Canadian Borrowers) (each, a “ Canadian Borrower Swingline Loan ” and, collectively, the “ Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans ” and,

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together with the U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Loans, each, a “ Canadian Facility Swingline Loan ” and, collectively, the “ Canadian Facility Swingline Loans ” and, together with the U.S. Facility Swingline Loans, each, a “ Swingline Loan ” and, collectively, the “ Swingline Loans ”), which Swingline Loans:
(i)    shall be made and maintained in an Available Currency;
(ii)    shall be made and maintained as Base Rate Loans or Canadian Prime Rate Loans;
(iii)    may be repaid and reborrowed in accordance with the provisions hereof;
(iv)    shall not be made by the a Swingline Lender in any instance where the incurrence thereof (after giving effect to the use of the proceeds thereof on the date of the incurrence thereof to repay any amounts theretofore outstanding pursuant to this Agreement) would cause (x) in the case of U.S. Facility Swingline Loans, the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure to exceed the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time or (y) in the case of Canadian Facility Swingline Loans, the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure to exceed the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time; and
(v)    shall not exceed in aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding the Maximum Swingline Amount . ;
provided, however, that (x) the Canadian Swingline Lender shall only be permitted to make Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans and (y) the aggregate principal amount of all Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans made by the Canadian Swingline Lender shall not exceed $20,000,000 at any time outstanding. Not later than 9:00 a.m. (New York City Time) on the Business Day following each day on which the Canadian Swingline Lender makes any Swingline Loan, the Canadian Swingline Lender shall provide written notice to the Administrative Agent of the aggregate principal amount of all Swingline Loans made by the Canadian Swingline Lender that are then outstanding.
(c)     The A Swingline Lender (x) may, in its sole discretion, on any Business Day, and (y) shall, on the penultimate Business Day of each week and (z) in the case of the Canadian Swingline Lender, shall, upon request made by (i) the Administrative Agent at any time that Excess Availability is less than $125,000,000 or (ii) Resolute (at any time) , give notice to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders under a Facility that the such Swingline Lender’s outstanding Swingline Loans under such Facility shall be funded with one or more Borrowings of Revolving Loans under such Facility to be made to, and maintained by, the Borrower of the outstanding Swingline Loan under such Facility being funded by such Revolving Loan (or any other Borrower jointly and severally liable with such Borrower under such Facility) in the same currency as the outstanding Swingline Loan under such Facility being funded by such Revolving Loan ( provided that such notice shall be deemed to have been automatically given upon the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default under Section 11.01(g) or (h) or upon the exercise of any of the remedies provided in the last paragraph of Section 11.01 ), in which case one or more Borrowings of Revolving Loans under a Facility constituting Base Rate Loans (in the case of Swingline Loans under such Facility denominated in U.S. Dollars) or Revolving Loans under a Facility constituting

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Canadian Prime Rate Loans (in the case of Swingline Loans under such Facility denominated in Canadian Dollars), in each case, to be made to, and maintained by, the Borrower of the outstanding Swingline Loan under such Facility being funded by such Revolving Loan (or any other Borrower jointly and severally liable with such Borrower under such Facility) in the same currency as the outstanding Swingline Loan under such Facility being funded by such Revolving Loan (each such Borrowing, a “ Mandatory Borrowing ”), shall be made on the immediately succeeding Business Day by all Lenders under such Facility pro rata based on each such Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be (determined before giving effect to any termination of the Commitments under such Facility pursuant to the last paragraph of Section 11.01 ) and the proceeds thereof shall be applied directly by the applicable Swingline Lender to repay the such Swingline Lender for such outstanding Swingline Loans under such Facility. Each Lender under a Facility hereby irrevocably agrees to make Revolving Loans under such Facility to the applicable Borrower upon one Business Day’s notice pursuant to each Mandatory Borrowing in the amount and currency and in the manner specified in the preceding sentence and on the date specified in writing by the applicable Swingline Lender notwithstanding (i) the amount of the Mandatory Borrowing may not comply with the Minimum Borrowing Amount otherwise required hereunder, (ii) whether any conditions specified in Section 7 are then satisfied, (iii) whether a Default or an Event of Default then exists, (iv) the date of such Mandatory Borrowing, and (v) the amount of any Borrowing Base or the Total U.S. Facility Commitment or Total Canadian Facility Commitment, as applicable, at such time. In the event that any Mandatory Borrowing cannot for any reason be made on the date otherwise required above (including, without limitation, as a result of the commencement of a proceeding, corporate action or other step taken under any Insolvency Law with respect to any Borrower ) , then each Lender under a Facility hereby agrees that it shall forthwith purchase (as of the date the Mandatory Borrowing would otherwise have occurred, but adjusted for any payments received from any Borrower under such Facility on or after such date and prior to such purchase) from the applicable Swingline Lender such participations in the outstanding Swingline Loans of such Swingline Lender under such Facility as shall be necessary to cause such Lenders to share in such Swingline Loans ratably based upon their respective U.S. Facility RL Percentages or Canadian Facility RL Percentages, as the case may be (determined before giving effect to any termination of the Commitments under such Facility pursuant to the last paragraph of Section 11.01 ), provided that (x) all interest payable on the Swingline Loans under such Facility shall be for the account of the applicable Swingline Lender until the date as of which the respective participation is required to be purchased and, to the extent attributable to the purchased participation, shall be payable to the participant from and after such date and (y) at the time any purchase of participations pursuant to this sentence is actually made, the purchasing Lender shall be required to pay the applicable Swingline Lender interest on the principal amount of the participation purchased for each day from and including the day upon which the Mandatory Borrowing would otherwise have occurred to but excluding the date of payment for such participation, (A) in the case of a Mandatory Borrowing constituting Revolving Loans denominated in U.S. Dollars, at the overnight Federal Funds Rate for the first three days and at the interest rate otherwise applicable to such Revolving Loans denominated in U.S. Dollars, in each case maintained as Base Rate Loans hereunder for each day thereafter, and (B) in the case of a Mandatory Borrowing constituting Revolving Loans denominated in Canadian Dollars, at the cost to the Administrative Agent of acquiring the overnight funds in Canadian Dollars for the first three days and at the interest rate otherwise applicable to such Revolving Loans denominated in

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Canadian Dollars, in each case maintained as Canadian Prime Rate Loans hereunder for each day thereafter.
(d)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 2.01(a) or (b) , Section 7.03 or elsewhere in this Agreement, the Collateral Agent shall have the right to establish Reserves in such amounts, and with respect to such matters, as the Collateral Agent in its Discretion shall deem necessary or appropriate, against any Borrowing Base (with any establishment of or increase in Reserves to reduce such then existing Borrowing Base, as applicable, in an amount equal to such Reserves and any elimination of or reduction in any Reserves to increase such then existing Borrowing Base, as applicable, in an amount equal to such Reserves). The Collateral Agent shall promptly notify AbitibiBowater Resolute of the establishment of any new Reserve or any increase or decrease to an existing Reserve; provided that no increase in any Reserve shall be effective until three Business Days following notice thereof to AbitibiBowater Resolute .
(e)    In the event that the Borrowers are unable to comply with the conditions precedent to the making of Revolving Loans set forth in Section 7 (including, without limitation, the Borrowing Base limitations set forth in Section 7.03 ), the Lenders under any Facility, subject to the immediately succeeding proviso, hereby authorize the Administrative Agent, for the account of the Lenders under a Facility, to make U.S. Facility Revolving Loans to any U.S. Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other U.S. Borrowers), U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loans to any U.S. Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other U.S. Borrowers) and/or Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans to any Canadian Borrower (on a joint and several basis with the other Canadian Borrowers) solely in the event that the Administrative Agent in its Discretion deems necessary or desirable (A) to preserve or protect the Collateral, or any portion thereof, (B) to enhance the likelihood of repayment of the Obligations, or (C) to pay any other amount chargeable to the Borrowers pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including, without limitation, documented Expenses and Fees which are invoiced in reasonable detail; provided that such Revolving Loans may only be made as Base Rate Loans or Canadian Prime Rate Loans, respectively, as determined by the Administrative Agent (each, an “ Agent Advance ”), for a period commencing on the date the Administrative Agent receives a Notice of Borrowing requesting an Agent Advance (so long as the Administrative Agent shall have determined in its Discretion that the circumstances described in the preceding clauses (A), (B) or (C) exist) until the earliest of (x) the twentieth Business Day after such date, (y) the date the respective Borrowers are again able to comply with the applicable Borrowing Base limitations and the conditions precedent to the making of Revolving Loans, or obtain an amendment or waiver with respect thereto and (z) the date the Required Lenders instruct the Administrative Agent to cease making Agent Advances (in each case, the “ Agent Advance Period ”; provided , that an Agent Advance Period may not commence (i) on any date occurring during the continuance of another Agent Advance Period or (ii) earlier than the second Business Day following the termination of any previous Agent Advance Period); provided further that the Administrative Agent shall not make any Agent Advance to the extent that at the time of the making of such Agent Advance, (I) the amount of such Agent Advance when added to the aggregate outstanding amount of all other Agent Advances (w) made to, if such Agent Advance is a U.S. Borrower Revolving Loan, the U.S. Borrowers at such time (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars), would exceed 5% of the U.S. Borrowing Base at such time, (x) made to, if such Agent Advance is a

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Canadian Borrower Revolving Loan, the Canadian Borrowers at such time (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars), would exceed 5% of the Canadian Borrowing Base at such time, (y) if such Agent Advance is a U.S. Facility Revolving Loan, that are U.S. Facility Revolving Loans (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars), would exceed 5% of the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time or (z) if such Agent Advance is a Canadian Facility Revolving Loan, that are Canadian Facility Revolving Loans (for this purpose, using the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of amounts not denominated in U.S. Dollars), would exceed 5% of the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time (each, an “ Agent Advance Amount ”) or (II) the amount of such Agent Advance (after giving effect thereto) would cause (x) if such Agent Advance is a U.S. Facility Revolving Loan, (A) the Individual U.S. Facility Exposure of any U.S. Facility Lender to exceed the amount of such U.S. Facility Lender’s U.S. Facility Commitment at such time or (B) the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure to exceed the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time or (y) if such Agent Advance is a Canadian Facility Revolving Loan, (A) the Individual Canadian Facility Exposure of any Canadian Facility Lender to exceed the amount of such Canadian Facility Lender’s Canadian Facility Commitment at such time or (B) the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure to exceed the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time. Agent Advances may be made by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion and no Borrower shall have any right whatsoever to require that any Agent Advances be made, provided that the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify AbitibiBowater Resolute following the occurrence of an Agent Advance. Agent Advances will be subject to periodic settlement with the applicable Lenders pursuant to Section 2.04(b) .
2.02.     Minimum Amount of Each Borrowing . The aggregate principal amount of each Borrowing of Revolving Loans of a specific Type shall not be less than the Minimum Borrowing Amount applicable to such Type of Loans. More than one Borrowing may occur on the same date, but at no time shall there be outstanding more than (x) 10 Borrowings of Eurodollar Loans (or such greater number of Borrowings of Eurodollar Loans as may be agreed to from time to time by the Administrative Agent) in the aggregate for all Loans or (y) 10 different maturity dates in the aggregate for all outstanding Bankers’ Acceptance Loans (or such greater number of maturity dates as may be agreed to from time to time by the Administrative Agent).
2.03.     Notice of Borrowing . (a) Whenever a Borrower desires to incur (i) Eurodollar Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans hereunder, such Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent at the Notice Office at least three Business Days’ prior notice of each Eurodollar Loan or Bankers’ Acceptance Loan to be incurred hereunder and (ii) Base Rate Loans (including Agent Advances, but excluding Swingline Loans and Revolving Loans made pursuant to a Mandatory Borrowing) or Canadian Prime Rate Loans (including Agent Advances, but excluding Swingline Loans and Revolving Loans made pursuant to a Mandatory Borrowing or to the extent resulting from automatic conversions of Bankers’ Acceptance Loans as provided in Schedule 1.01(b)) hereunder, such Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent at the Notice Office prior notice not later than on the Business Day of the proposed Borrowing (or such shorter period as agreed to by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion) of each Base Rate Loan or Canadian Prime Rate Loan to be incurred hereunder; provided that any such notice shall be deemed to have been given on a certain day only if given before 12:00 Noon (New York City time) on such day, in the case of

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Revolving Loans. Each such notice (each, a “Notice of Borrowing”), except as otherwise expressly provided in Section 2.10, shall be irrevocable and shall be in writing, or by telephone promptly confirmed in writing, in the form of Exhibit A-1, appropriately completed to specify: (i) the aggregate principal amount or Face Amount, as the case may be, of the Loans to be incurred pursuant to such Borrowing (stated in the Available Currency), (ii) the date of such Borrowing (which shall be a Business Day), (iii) in the case of a Borrowing of Revolving Loans, whether the Revolving Loans made pursuant to such Borrowing constitute Agent Advances (it being understood that the Administrative Agent shall be under no obligation to make such Agent Advance), (iv) in the case of U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans, whether the Revolving Loans being incurred pursuant to such Borrowing are to be initially maintained as Base Rate Loans or, to the extent permitted hereunder, Eurodollar Loans, (v) in the case of Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans, whether the Revolving Loans being incurred pursuant to such Borrowing shall consist of Canadian Prime Rate Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans and, if Bankers’ Acceptance Loans, the term thereof (which shall comply with the requirements of Schedule 1.01(b)) and (vi) whether the Loans being incurred pursuant to such Borrowing shall constitute U.S. Facility Revolving Loans or Canadian Facility Revolving Loans. Except in the case of Agent Advances, the Administrative Agent shall promptly give each Lender under a Facility notice of such proposed Borrowing under such Facility, of such Lender’s proportionate share thereof and of the other matters required by the immediately preceding sentence to be specified in the Notice of Borrowing.
(b)    Whenever a Borrower desires to incur Swingline Loans hereunder, such Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent and the applicable Swingline Lender no later than (x) in the case of U.S. Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans, 1:00 P.M p.m . (New York City time) or (y) in the case of Canadian Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans, 12:00 noon (New York City time), on the date that a Swingline Loan is to be incurred, written notice or telephonic notice promptly confirmed in writing of each Swingline Loan to be incurred hereunder. Each such notice shall be irrevocable and specify in each case ( A i ) the date of Borrowing (which shall be a Business Day), ( B ii ) the principal amount of the Swingline Loan to be incurred pursuant to such Borrowing (stated in the Available Currency) and ( C iii ) whether the Swingline Loan being incurred pursuant to such Borrowing shall constitute a U.S. Facility Swingline Loan or a Canadian Facility Swingline Loan. Promptly after receipt by the applicable Swingline Lender of any such notice, such Swingline Lender will confirm with the Administrative Agent (by telephone or in writing) that the Administrative Agent has also received such notice and, if not, such Swingline Lender will notify the Administrative Agent (by telephone or in writing) of the contents thereof. If the provisions of the preceding two sentences shall have been complied with, unless such Swingline Lender has received notice (by telephone or in writing) from the Administrative Agent (including at the request of any Lender) prior to (x) in the case of U.S. Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans, 2:00 p.m. (New York City time) or (y) in the case of Canadian Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans, 1:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the date of the proposed date of Borrowing directing such Swingline Lender not to make such Swingline Loan as a result of the limitations set forth in clauses (i) through (v) of Section 2.01(b) and in the proviso to Section 2.01(b) that one or more of the applicable conditions precedent specified in Section 7 (including, without limitation, the Borrowing Base limitations set forth in Section 7.03) is not then satisfied, then, subject to the terms and conditions hereof, such Swingline Lender may, in its sole discretion, on the borrowing date specified in such notice, make the amount of the requested Swingline Loan available to the relevant Borrower;

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provided however, that such Swingline Lender shall not make any Swingline Loan unless the Administrative Agent shall have confirmed to it that the Borrowing Base limitations set forth in Section 7.03 are then satisfied.
(c)    Mandatory Borrowings shall be made upon the notice specified in Section 2.01(c) , with each Borrower irrevocably agreeing, by its incurrence of any Swingline Loan, to the making of the Mandatory Borrowings as set forth in Section 2.01(a) .
(d)    Without in any way limiting the obligation of any Borrower to confirm in writing any telephonic notice of any Borrowing or prepayment of Loans, the Administrative Agent or the any Swingline Lender, as the case may be, may act without liability upon the basis of telephonic notice of such Borrowing or prepayment, as the case may be, believed by the Administrative Agent or the such Swingline Lender, as the case may be, in good faith to be from a Responsible Officer of such Borrower, prior to receipt of written confirmation. In each such case, the Administrative Agent’s or the applicable Swingline Lender’s record of the terms of such telephonic notice of such Borrowing or prepayment of Loans, as the case may be, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
2.04.     Disbursement of Funds . (a) No later than 1:00 P.M. (New York City time) on the date specified in each Notice of Borrowing (or (x) in the case of U.S. Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans, no later than 4:00 P.M. (New York City time) on the date specified pursuant to Section 2.03(b) , (y) in the case of Canadian Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans, no later than 2:00 P.M. (New York City time) on the date specified pursuant to Section 2.03(b) or (z) in the case of Mandatory Borrowings, no later than 1:00 P.M. (New York City time) on the date specified in Section 2.01(a) ), each Lender under the respective Facility, will make available its pro rata portion (determined in accordance with Section 2.07 ) of each such Borrowing under such Facility requested to be made on such date. All such amounts will be made available in U.S. Dollars (in the case of U.S. Dollar Denominated Loans) or in Canadian Dollars (in the case of Canadian Dollar Denominated Loans), as the case may be, and in immediately available funds at the Payment Office, and the Administrative Agent will make available to the relevant Borrower or Borrowers at the Payment Office the aggregate of the amounts so made available by the Lenders under the respective Facility (or in the case of Swingline Loans, the applicable Swingline Lender will make available the full amount thereof). Unless the Administrative Agent shall have been notified by any Lender under the respective Facility prior to the date of Borrowing under such Facility that such Lender does not intend to make available to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s portion of any Borrowing under such Facility to be made on such date, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such amount available to the Administrative Agent on such date of Borrowing and the Administrative Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the relevant Borrower or Borrowers a corresponding amount. If such corresponding amount is not in fact made available to the Administrative Agent by such Lender, the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to recover such corresponding amount on demand from such Lender. If such Lender does not pay such corresponding amount forthwith upon the Administrative Agent’s demand therefor, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the relevant Borrower or Borrowers, and the relevant Borrower or Borrowers shall promptly (but no later than one Business Day following such notice) pay such corresponding amount to the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent also shall be entitled to recover on demand from

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such Lender or the relevant Borrower or Borrowers, as the case may be, interest on such corresponding amount in respect of each day from the date such corresponding amount was made available by the Administrative Agent to the relevant Borrower or Borrowers until the date such corresponding amount is recovered by the Administrative Agent, at a rate per annum equal to (i) if recovered from such Lender, the overnight Federal Funds Rate (or, in the case of Canadian Dollar Denominated Loans, the cost to the Administrative Agent of acquiring overnight funds in Canadian Dollars) for the first three days and at the interest rate otherwise applicable to such Loans for each day thereafter and (ii) if recovered from the relevant Borrower or Borrowers, the rate of interest applicable to the respective Borrowing, as determined pursuant to Section 2.08 . Nothing in this Section 2.04(a) shall be deemed to relieve any Lender under a Facility from its obligation to make Loans hereunder under such Facility or to prejudice any rights which any Borrower may have against any Lender under a Facility as a result of any failure by such Lender to make Loans hereunder under such Facility.
(b)    Agent Advances made pursuant to Section 2.01(e) shall be subject to periodic settlement as follows:
(i)    The amount of each Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of Revolving Loans shall be computed weekly (or more frequently in the Administrative Agent’s sole discretion) and shall be adjusted upward or downward on the basis of the amount of outstanding Revolving Loans under such Facility as of 5:00 P.M. (New York City time) on the last Business Day of each week, or such other period specified by the Administrative Agent (each such date, a “ Settlement Date ”). The applicable Lenders under a Facility shall transfer to the Administrative Agent, or the Administrative Agent shall transfer to the applicable Lenders under a Facility, such amounts as are necessary so that (after giving effect to all such transfers) the amount of Revolving Loans under a Facility made by each Lender under such Facility shall be equal to such Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of the aggregate amount of Revolving Loans under such Facility outstanding as of such Settlement Date. If a notice from the Administrative Agent of any such necessary transfer is received by a Lender on or prior to 12:00 Noon (New York City time) on any Business Day, then such Lender shall make transfers described above in immediately available funds no later than 3:00 P.M. (New York City time) on the day such notice was received; and if such notice is received by a Lender after 12:00 Noon (New York City time) on any Business Day, such Lender shall make such transfers no later than 1:00 P.M. (New York City time) on the next succeeding Business Day. The obligation of each of the Lenders to transfer such funds shall be irrevocable and unconditional and without recourse to, or without representation or warranty by, the Administrative Agent. Each of the Administrative Agent and each Lender agrees and the Lenders agree to mark their respective books and records on each Settlement Date to show at all times the dollar amount of their respective U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of the outstanding Revolving Loans under such Facility on such date.
(ii)    To the extent that the settlement described in preceding clause (i) shall not yet have occurred with respect to any particular Settlement Date, upon any repayment of Revolving

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Loans under a Facility by any Borrower prior to such settlement, the Administrative Agent may apply such amounts repaid directly to the amounts that would otherwise be made available by the Administrative Agent pursuant to this Section 2.04(b) under such Facility.
(iii)    Because the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders under a Facility may be advancing and/or may be repaid Revolving Loans under such Facility prior to the time when such Lenders will actually advance and/or be repaid such Revolving Loans, interest with respect to such Revolving Loans shall be allocated by the Administrative Agent to each such Lender and the Administrative Agent in accordance with the amount of such Revolving Loans actually advanced by and repaid to each such Lender and the Administrative Agent and shall accrue from and including the date such Revolving Loans are so advanced to but excluding the date such Revolving Loans are either repaid by the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement or actually settled by the Administrative Agent or the applicable Lender as described in this Section 2.04(b) .
2.05.     Notes . (a) Each U.S. Borrower’s joint and several obligation under a Facility and each Canadian Borrower’s joint and several obligation under a Facility, as the case may be, to pay the principal of, and interest on, the Loans under such Facility made by each Lender under such Facility shall be evidenced in the Register maintained by the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 13.15 and shall, if requested by such Lender, also be evidenced (i) in the case of U.S. Facility Revolving Loans, by a promissory note duly executed and delivered by each U.S. Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit B-1, with blanks appropriately completed in conformity herewith (each, a “ U.S. Facility Revolving Note ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Facility Revolving Notes ”), (ii) in the case of U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loans, by a promissory note duly executed and delivered by each U.S. Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit B-1, with blanks appropriately completed in conformity herewith (each, a “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Note ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Notes ”), (iii) in the case of Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans, by a promissory note duly executed and delivered by each Canadian Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit B-1, with blanks appropriately completed in conformity herewith (each, a “ Canadian Borrower Revolving Note ” and, collectively, the “ Canadian Borrower Revolving Notes ” and, together with the U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Notes, the “ Canadian Facility Revolving Notes ” and, together with the U.S. Facility Revolving Notes, the “ Revolving Notes ”), (iv) in the case of U.S. Facility Swingline Loans, by a promissory note duly executed and delivered by each U.S. Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit B-2, with blanks appropriately completed in conformity herewith (each, a “ U.S. Facility Swingline Note ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Facility Swingline Notes ”), (v) in the case of U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Loans, by a promissory note duly executed and delivered by each U.S. Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit B-2, with blanks appropriately completed in conformity herewith (each, a “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Note ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Notes ”), and (vi) in the case of Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans, by a promissory note duly executed and delivered by each Canadian Borrower substantially in the form of Exhibit B-2, with blanks appropriately completed in conformity herewith (each, a “ Canadian Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Note ” and, collectively, the “ Canadian Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline

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Notes ” and, together with the U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Notes, the “ Canadian Facility Swingline Notes ” and, together with the U.S. Facility Swingline Notes, the “ Swingline Notes ”).
(b)    Each Lender under a Facility will note on its internal records the amount of each Loan under such Facility made by it and each payment in respect thereof and prior to any transfer of any of its Notes under such Facility will endorse on the reverse side thereof the outstanding principal amount of Loans under such Facility evidenced thereby. Failure to make any such notation or any error in such notation shall not affect any Borrower’s obligations in respect of such Loans.
(c)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained above in this Section 2.05 or elsewhere in this Agreement, Notes in respect of a Facility shall only be delivered to Lenders under such Facility which at any time specifically request the delivery of such Notes. No failure of any Lender to request, obtain, maintain or produce a Note evidencing its Loans to any Borrower shall affect, or in any manner impair, the obligations of any Borrower to pay the Loans (and all related Obligations) incurred by such Borrower which would otherwise be evidenced thereby in accordance with the requirements of this Agreement, and shall not in any way affect the security or guaranties therefor provided pursuant to any Loan Document. Any Lender which does not have a Note evidencing its outstanding Loans shall in no event be required to make the notations otherwise described in preceding clause (b). At any time when any Lender under a Facility requests the delivery of a Note under such Facility to evidence any of its Loans under such Facility, each of the respective Borrowers shall promptly execute and deliver to the respective Lender, at such Borrowers’ expense, the requested Note in the appropriate amount or amounts to evidence such Loans.
2.06.     Conversions . (a) Each Borrower shall have the option to convert, on any Business Day, all or a portion equal to at least the Minimum Borrowing Amount of the outstanding principal amount of U.S. Dollar Denominated Loans made to it pursuant to one or more Borrowings (so long as of the same Facility) of one or more Types of U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans into a Borrowing (of the same Facility) of another Type of U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loan; provided that, (i) no such partial conversion of Eurodollar Loans shall reduce the outstanding principal amount of such Eurodollar Loans made pursuant to a single Borrowing to less than the Minimum Borrowing Amount applicable thereto, (ii) following notice by the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders to AbitibiBowater Resolute during the continuation of any Default or Event of Default (although no such notice shall be required following an Event of Default under Section 11.01(g) or (h) ), Base Rate Loans may not be converted into Eurodollar Loans, and (iii) no conversion pursuant to this Section 2.06 shall result in a greater number of Borrowings of Eurodollar Loans than is permitted under Section 2.02 . Each such conversion shall be effected by the relevant Borrower (of U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loan being converted) by giving the Administrative Agent at the Notice Office prior to 12:00 Noon (New York City time) at least three Business Days’ prior notice (each, a “ Notice of Conversion/Continuation ”), in each case in the form of Exhibit A-2, appropriately completed to specify the U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans to be so converted, and the Borrowing or Borrowings pursuant to which such U.S. Dollar Denominated Loans were incurred. The Administrative Agent shall give each Lender

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prompt notice of any such proposed conversion affecting any of its U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans.
(b)    Conversions of Bankers’ Acceptance Loans into Canadian Prime Rate Loans shall be made in the circumstances, and to the extent, provided in Schedule 1.01(b) . Except as provided in Schedule 1.01(b) , Bankers’ Acceptance Loans shall not be permitted to be converted into Canadian Prime Rate Loans prior to the maturity date of the respective Bankers’ Acceptance or B/A Equivalent Note, as the case may be.
(c)    Each Borrower shall have the option to convert on any Business Day occurring on or after the Effective Date, all or a portion at least equal to the Minimum Borrowing Amount of the outstanding principal amount of Canadian Prime Rate Loans made to such Borrower pursuant to one or more Borrowings (so long as of the same Facility) of Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans into a Borrowing or Borrowings (of the same Facility) of Bankers’ Acceptance Loans; provided that (i) following notice by the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders to AbitibiBowater Resolute during the continuation of any Default or Event of Default (although no such notice shall be required following an Event of Default under Section 11.01(g) or (h) ), Canadian Prime Rate Loans may not be converted into Bankers’ Acceptance Loans and (ii) Borrowings of Bankers’ Acceptance Loans resulting from this Section 2.06 shall be limited as provided in Section 2.02 . Each such conversion shall be effected by the relevant Borrower (of Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loan being converted), by giving the Administrative Agent at the Notice Office, prior to 12:00 Noon (New York City time), at least three Business Days prior to the date of the proposed conversion, a Notice of Conversion/Continuation specifying the Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans maintained as Canadian Prime Rate Loans to be so converted into Bankers’ Acceptance Loans, the Borrowing or Borrowings pursuant to which such Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans were made and the term of the proposed Borrowing of Bankers’ Acceptance Loans (which, in each case, shall comply with the requirements of Schedule 1.01(b) ). The Administrative Agent shall give each Lender prompt notice of any such proposed conversion affecting any of its Canadian Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans maintained as Canadian Prime Rate Loans.
2.07.     Pro Rata Borrowings . All Borrowings of U.S. Facility Revolving Loans and Canadian Facility Revolving Loans (including U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans and Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans) under this Agreement shall be incurred from the Lenders under such Facility pro rata on the basis of their U.S. Facility Commitments and Canadian Facility Commitments, as the case may be, provided that all Mandatory Borrowings under a Facility shall be incurred from the Lenders under such Facility pro rata on the basis of their U.S. Facility RL Percentages or Canadian Facility RL Percentages, as the case may be. It is understood that no Lender shall be responsible for any default by any other Lender of its obligation to make Loans hereunder and that each Lender under such Facility shall be obligated to make the Loans under such Facility provided to be made by it hereunder, regardless of the failure of any other Lender to make its Loans hereunder.
2.08.     Interest . (a) (x) The U.S. Borrowers jointly and severally agree to pay interest in respect of the unpaid principal amount of each U.S. Facility Loan, (y) the U.S. Borrowers jointly and

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severally agree to pay interest in respect of the unpaid principal amount of each U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loan and U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Swingline Loan and (y) the Canadian Borrowers jointly and severally agree to pay interest in respect of the unpaid principal amount of each Canadian Borrower Revolving Loan and Canadian Borrower Swingline Loan, in each case:
(A)    Maintained as a Base Rate Loan, in each case, accruing from the date of Borrowing thereof until but excluding the earlier of (i) the maturity thereof (whether by acceleration or otherwise) and (ii) the conversion of such Base Rate Loan to a Eurodollar Loan pursuant to Section 2.06 or 2.09 , as applicable, at a rate per annum which shall be equal to the sum of the relevant Applicable Margin plus the Base Rate, each as in effect from time to time.
(B)    Maintained as a Eurodollar Loan, in each case, accruing from the date of Borrowing thereof until but excluding the earlier of (i) the maturity thereof (whether by acceleration or otherwise) and (ii) the conversion of such Eurodollar Loan to a Base Rate Loan pursuant to Section 2.06 , 2.09 or 2.10, as applicable, at a rate per annum which shall, during each Interest Period applicable thereto, be equal to the sum of the relevant Applicable Margin as in effect from time to time during such Interest Period plus the Eurodollar Rate for such Interest Period.
(C)    Maintained as a Canadian Prime Rate Loan (including with respect to any Bankers’ Acceptance Loan converted into a Canadian Prime Rate Loan pursuant to Schedule 1.01(b) ), in each case, accruing from the date of Borrowing thereof (or, in the circumstances described in the immediately preceding parenthetical, from the date of conversion of such respective Bankers’ Acceptance Loan into a Canadian Prime Rate Loan) until but excluding the earlier of (i) the maturity thereof (whether by acceleration or otherwise) and (ii) the conversion of such Canadian Prime Rate Loan to a Bankers’ Acceptance Loan pursuant to Schedule 1.01(b) , at a rate per annum which shall be equal to the sum of the relevant Applicable Margin plus the Canadian Prime Rate, each as in effect from time to time.
(b)    Overdue principal and, to the extent permitted by law, overdue interest in respect of each Loan and any other overdue amount payable hereunder and under any other Loan Document, by acceleration or otherwise, shall, in each case, bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the rate which is two percent (2.0%) in excess of the otherwise applicable rate of interest then borne by the applicable borrowing (or, if any such amount does not relate to a borrowing under this Agreement, the rate which is 2% in excess of the rate otherwise applicable to Base Rate Loans from time to time). Interest that accrues under this Section 2.08(b) shall be payable on demand.
(c)    Accrued (and theretofore unpaid) interest shall be payable (i) in respect of each Base Rate Loan, quarterly in arrears on each Quarterly Payment Date, (ii) in respect of each Canadian Prime Rate Loan, quarterly in arrears on each Quarterly Payment Date, (iii) in respect of each Eurodollar Rate Loan, on the last day of each Interest Period applicable thereto and (iv) in respect of each Loan (other than Bankers’ Acceptance Loans), (x) on the date of any repayment or prepayment thereof (on the amount prepaid or repaid) (except that repayments and prepayments of Base Rate Loans or Canadian Prime Rate Loans, in each case, under a Facility shall not be required to be accompanied by a payment of accrued, and theretofore unpaid, interest thereon, unless either all outstanding Loans of such Type under such Facility are being repaid or prepaid or the Total

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Commitment under such Facility has terminated or will be terminated concurrently with such repayment or prepayment), (y) at maturity (whether by acceleration or otherwise) and (z) after such maturity, on demand.
(d)    Upon each Interest Determination Date, the Administrative Agent shall determine the Eurodollar Rate for each Interest Period applicable to the respective Eurodollar Loans and shall promptly notify the respective Borrowers and the Lenders thereof. Each such determination shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding on all parties hereto.
2.09.     Interest Periods . Subject to the provisions of Sections 2.06 and 2.10 , each Eurodollar Loan shall have successive interest periods (each, an “ Interest Period ”) each of a one-month duration; provided that:
(a)    all Eurodollar Loans comprising a Borrowing shall at all times have the same Interest Period;
(b)    the initial Interest Period for any Eurodollar Loan shall commence on the date of Borrowing of such Eurodollar Loan (including, the date of any conversion thereto from a Base Rate Loan) and each Interest Period occurring thereafter in respect of such Eurodollar Loan shall commence on the day on which the next preceding Interest Period applicable thereto expires;
(c)    if any Interest Period for a Eurodollar Loan begins on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period, such Interest Period shall end on the last Business Day of such calendar month;
(d)    if any Interest Period for a Eurodollar Loan would otherwise expire on a day which is not a Business Day, such Interest Period shall expire on the next succeeding Business Day; provided , however , that if any Interest Period for a Eurodollar Loan would otherwise expire on a day which is not a Business Day but is a day of the month after which no further Business Day occurs in such month, such Interest Period shall expire on the next preceding Business Day;
(e)    if the Required Lenders so elect, no Interest Period may commence at any time when a Default or an Event of Default is then in existence; and
(f)    no Interest Period in respect of any Borrowing of Revolving Loans shall be selected which extends beyond the Revolving Loan Maturity Date.
2.10.     Increased Costs, Illegality, etc . (a) In the event that any Lender shall have determined (which determination shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding upon all parties hereto but, with respect to clauses (i) and (iv) below, may be made only by the Administrative Agent):
(i)    on any Interest Determination Date that, by reason of any changes arising after the date of this Agreement affecting the applicable interbank market, adequate and fair means

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do not exist for ascertaining the applicable interest rate on the basis provided for in the definition of the Eurodollar Rate; or
(ii)    at any time, that such Lender shall incur increased costs or reductions in the amounts received or receivable hereunder (and deemed by such Lender to be material) with respect to any Eurodollar Loan because of (x) any change since the Closing Date in any applicable law or governmental rule, regulation, order, guideline or request (whether or not having the force of law) or any change since the Closing Date in the interpretation or administration thereof and including the introduction after the Closing Date of any new law or governmental rule, regulation, order, guideline or request (other than with respect to any Tax, which shall be governed solely by Section 5.04 ), such as, but not limited to, a change in official reserve requirements, but, in all events, excluding reserves required under Regulation D of the Board to the extent included in the computation of the Eurodollar Rate, and/or (y) other circumstances arising since the Closing Date affecting such Lender, the interbank eurodollar market or the position of such Lender in such market; or
(iii)    at any time, that the making or continuance of any Eurodollar Loan has been made unlawful by any law or governmental rule, regulation or order adopted or changed after the Closing Date; or
(iv)    at any time, that there is no market for Bankers’ Acceptances by reason of circumstances affecting the Canadian money market generally or that Canadian Dollars are not available in sufficient amounts, in either case as determined in good faith by the Administrative Agent, acting reasonably;
then, and in any such event, such Lender (or the Administrative Agent, in the case of clauses (i) and (iv) above) shall promptly give notice (by telephone promptly confirmed in writing) to the affected Borrowers and, except in the case of clauses (i) and (iv) above, to the Administrative Agent, of such determination (which notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly transmit to each of the other Lenders or in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) each other affected Lender). Thereafter (w) in the case of clause (i) above, Eurodollar Loans shall no longer be available until such time as the Administrative Agent notifies AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Lenders that the circumstances giving rise to such notice by the Administrative Agent no longer exist, and any Notice of Borrowing or Notice of Conversion/Continuation given by any Borrower with respect to Eurodollar Loans which have not yet been incurred (including by way of conversion) shall be deemed rescinded by such Borrower, (x) in the case of clause (ii) above, the U.S. Borrowers (jointly and severally) and/or the Canadian Borrowers (jointly and severally) agree to pay to such Lender, within 15 days following such Lender’s written request therefor, such additional amounts (in the form of an increased rate of, or a different method of calculating, interest or otherwise as such Lender in its reasonable discretion shall determine) as shall be required to compensate such Lender for such increased costs or reductions in amounts received or receivable hereunder (a written notice as to the additional amounts owed to such Lender, showing in reasonable detail the basis for the calculation thereof, submitted to the respective Borrowers by such Lender shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding on all the parties hereto), (y) in the case of clause (iii) above, the respective Borrower or Borrowers shall take one of the actions specified in Section 2.10(b) as

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promptly as possible and, in any event, within the time period required by law and (z) in the case of clause (iv) above, and as provided in Schedule 1.01(b) , Bankers’ Acceptance Loans or other Revolving Loans in Canadian Dollars (exclusive of any such Revolving Loans which have theretofore been funded) shall no longer be available until such time as the Administrative Agent notifies the affected Borrowers and the Lenders that the circumstances giving rise to such notice by the Administrative Agent no longer exist, and any Notice of Borrowing or Notice of Conversion/Continuation with respect to Bankers’ Acceptance Loans or such other Revolving Loans in Canadian Dollars given by the respective Borrowers which have not been incurred (including by way of conversion) shall be deemed rescinded by such Borrowers.
Without limiting the foregoing, if any Lender determines, acting reasonably, that any applicable law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for such Lender or its applicable lending office to make or maintain any Loan (or to maintain its obligation to make any Loan), or to participate in, issue or maintain any Letter of Credit (or to maintain its obligation to participate in or to issue any Letter of Credit), then, on notice thereof by such Lender to Abitibi Resolute Canada through the Administrative Agent, any obligation of such Lender with respect to the activity that is unlawful shall be suspended until such Lender notifies the Administrative Agent and Abitibi Resolute Canada that the circumstances giving rise to such determination no longer exist. Upon receipt of such notice, each Borrower shall, upon demand from such Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), prepay or, if conversion would avoid the activity that is unlawful, convert any Loans, or take any necessary steps with respect to any Letter of Credit in order to avoid the activity that is unlawful. Upon any such prepayment or conversion, the applicable Borrower shall also pay accrued interest on the amount so prepaid or converted. Each Lender agrees to designate a different lending office if such designation will avoid the need for such notice and will not, in the good faith judgment of such Lender, otherwise be materially disadvantageous to such Lender.
If any Lender determines, acting reasonably, that any applicable law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for such Lender to hold or benefit from a Lien over real property pursuant to any law of the United States or any State thereof, such Lender may notify the Administrative Agent and disclaim any benefit of such security interest to the extent of such illegality; provided , that such determination or disclaimer shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such Lien for the benefit of any other Lender.
(b)    At any time that any Eurodollar Loan is affected by the circumstances described in Section 2.10(a)(ii) , the affected Borrower may, and in the case of a Eurodollar Loan affected by the circumstances described in Section 2.10(a)(iii) , the affected Borrower shall, either (i) if the affected Eurodollar Loan is then being made initially or pursuant to a conversion, cancel such Borrowing by giving the Administrative Agent telephonic notice (confirmed in writing) on the same date that such Borrower was notified by the affected Lender or the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(ii) or (iii) , or (ii) if the affected Eurodollar Loan is then outstanding, upon at least three Business Days’ written notice to the Administrative Agent, require the affected Borrower to convert such Eurodollar Loan into a Base Rate Loan (which conversion, in the case of the circumstance described in Section 2.10(a)(iii) , shall occur no later than the last day of the Interest Period then applicable to such Eurodollar Loan or such earlier day as shall be required by

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applicable law); provided that if more than one Lender is affected at any time, then all affected Lenders must be treated the same pursuant to this Section 2.10(b) .
(c)    If any Lender determines that after the Closing Date the introduction of or any change in any applicable law or governmental rule, regulation, order, guideline, directive or request (whether or not having the force of law) concerning capital adequacy, or any change in interpretation or administration thereof by the NAIC or any Governmental Authority, central bank or comparable agency, will have the effect of increasing the amount of capital required or expected to be maintained by such Lender or any corporation controlling such Lender based on the existence of such Lender’s Commitment hereunder or its obligations hereunder, by an amount deemed by such Lender to be material, then AbitibiBowater Resolute agrees to pay to such Lender, within 15 days following its written demand therefor, such additional amounts as shall be required to compensate such Lender or such other corporation on an after-tax basis for the increased cost to such Lender or such other corporation or the reduction in the rate of return to such Lender or such other corporation as a result of such increase of capital. In determining such additional amounts, each Lender will act reasonably and in good faith and will use averaging and attribution methods which are reasonable; provided that such Lender’s determination of compensation owing under this Section 2.10(c) shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding on all the parties hereto. Each Lender, upon determining that any additional amounts will be payable pursuant to this Section 2.10(c) , will give prompt written notice thereof to AbitibiBowater Resolute , which notice shall show in reasonable detail the basis for calculation of such additional amounts, although the failure to give any such notice shall not release or diminish AbitibiBowater Resolute ’ obligations to pay additional amounts pursuant to this Section 2.10(c) upon the subsequent receipt of such notice.
(d)    Failure or delay on the part of any Lender or Issuing Lender to demand compensation pursuant to this Section shall not constitute a waiver of such Lender’s or such Issuing Lender’s right to demand such compensation, as the case may be; provided that the Borrowers shall not be required to compensate a Lender or Issuing Lender pursuant to this Section 2.10 for any increased costs or reductions incurred more than 120 days prior to the date that such Lender, Issuing Lender or the Administrative Agent, as the case may be, notifies AbitibiBowater Resolute of such Lender’s or such Issuing Lender’s intention to claim compensation therefor; provided, further, that if the introduction or change referred to in Section 2.10(a)(ii) and 2.10(c) above giving rise to such increased costs, reductions or additional amounts is retroactive, then the 120-day period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof.
(e)    Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Dodd Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and all requests, rules, guidelines and directives promulgated thereunder, shall be deemed to have been adopted after the date hereof, regardless of the date enacted or adopted.
2.11.     Compensation . The applicable Loan Parties (grouped by Borrowing Base), jointly and severally agree to compensate each Lender, upon its written request (which request shall set forth in reasonable detail the basis for requesting such compensation and shall, absent manifest error, be conclusive and binding on all the parties hereto), for all losses, expenses and liabilities (including, without limitation, any loss, expense or liability incurred by reason of the liquidation

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or reemployment of deposits or other funds required by such Lender to fund its Eurodollar Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans but excluding loss of anticipated profits) which such Lender may sustain: (a) if for any reason (other than a default by such Lender or the Administrative Agent) a Borrowing of, or conversion from or into, Eurodollar Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans does not occur on a date specified therefor in a Notice of Borrowing or Notice of Conversion/Continuation (whether or not withdrawn by the respective Borrower or Borrowers or deemed withdrawn pursuant to Section   2.10(a) ); (b) if any prepayment or repayment (including any prepayment or repayment made pursuant to Section 5.01 , Section 5.02 or as a result of an acceleration of the Loans pursuant to Section 11.01 ) or conversion of any of its Eurodollar Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans occurs on a date which is not the last day of an Interest Period or maturity date, as applicable, with respect thereto; (c) if any prepayment of any of its Eurodollar Loans is not made on any date specified in a notice of prepayment given by the respective Borrowers; or (d) as a consequence of (i) any other default by the respective Borrowers to repay Eurodollar Loans or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans when required by the terms of this Agreement or any Note held by such Lender or (ii) any election made pursuant to Section 2.10(b) .
2.12.     Lending Offices and Affiliate Lenders for Loans in Available Currency . (a) Each Lender may at any time or from time to time designate, by written notice to the Administrative Agent to the extent not already reflected on Schedule 13.03 , one or more lending offices (which, for this purpose, may include Affiliates of the respective Lender) for the various Loans in the Available Currency made, and Letters of Credit participated in, by such Lender (including, without limitation, by designating a separate lending office (or Affiliate) to act as such with respect to such Loans and Letter of Credit Outstandings); provided that, for designations made after the Closing Date, to the extent such designation shall result in increased costs under Section 2.10 , 3.06 or 5.04 in excess of those which would be charged in the absence of the designation of a different lending office (including a different Affiliate of the respective Lender), then the Borrowers shall not be obligated to pay such excess increased costs (although if such designation results in increased costs, the Borrowers shall be obligated to pay the costs which would have applied in the absence of such designation and any subsequent increased costs of the type described above resulting from changes after the date of the respective designation). Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence, each lending office and Affiliate of any Lender designated as provided above shall, for all purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, be treated in the same manner as the respective designating Lender (and shall be entitled to all indemnities and similar provisions in respect of its acting as such hereunder).
(b)    Each Lender agrees that on the occurrence of any event giving rise to the operation of Section 2.10(a)(ii) or (iii) , Section 2.10(c) , Section 3.06 or Section 5.04 with respect to such Lender, it will, if requested by AbitibiBowater Resolute , use reasonable efforts (subject to overall policy considerations of such Lender) to designate another lending office for any Loans or Letters of Credit affected by such event; provided that such designation is made on such terms that such Lender and its lending office suffer no economic, legal or regulatory disadvantage, with the object of avoiding the consequence of the event giving rise to the operation of such Section. Nothing in this Section 2.12(b) shall affect or postpone any of the obligations of any Borrower or the right of any Lender provided in Sections 2.10 , 3.06 and 5.04.

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2.13.     Replacement of Lenders . (a) If any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, (b) upon the occurrence of any event giving rise to the operation of Section 2.10(a) (other than clause (i) or (iv)), Section 2.10(c) , Section 3.06 or Section 5.04 with respect to any Lender which results in such Lender charging to any Borrower increased costs in excess of those being generally charged by the other Lenders, or (c) in the case of a refusal by a Lender to consent to a proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination with respect to this Agreement which has been approved by the Required Lenders as (and to the extent) provided in Section 13.12(b) , AbitibiBowater Resolute shall have the right, in accordance with Section 13.04(b) , if no Default or Event of Default then exists or would exist after giving effect to such replacement, to replace such Lender (the “ Replaced Lender ”) with one or more other Eligible Transferees, none of whom shall constitute a Defaulting Lender at the time of such replacement (collectively, the “ Replacement Lender ”) and each of which shall be reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, any Swingline Lender and any Issuing Lender; provided that:
(i)    at the time of any replacement pursuant to this Section 2.13 , the Replacement Lender shall enter into one or more Assignment and Assumption Agreements pursuant to Section 13.04(b) (and with all fees payable pursuant to said Section 13.04(b) to be paid by the Borrowers or, if otherwise agreed, the Replacement Lender) pursuant to which the Replacement Lender shall acquire the entire Commitment of and all outstanding Revolving Loans (other than Bankers’ Acceptance Loans) and all participations in Letters of Credit by, the Replaced Lender and, in connection therewith, shall pay to (i) the Replaced Lender in respect thereof an amount equal to the sum of (A) an amount equal to the principal of, and all accrued interest on, all outstanding Loans (other than Bankers’ Acceptance Loans) of the respective Replaced Lender with respect to which such Replaced Lender is being replaced, (B) an amount equal to the Face Amount of any outstanding B/A Instrument of the respective Replaced Lender in satisfaction of the obligations of the Borrower to repay the B/A Instrument on the maturity thereof, (C) an amount equal to all Unpaid Drawings (if any) that have been funded by (and not reimbursed to) such Replaced Lender, together with all then unpaid interest with respect thereto at such time and (D) an amount equal to all accrued, but theretofore unpaid, Fees owing to the Replaced Lender pursuant to Section 4.01 , (ii) each Issuing Lender an amount equal to such Replaced Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of any Unpaid Drawing relating to Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Lender under such Facility (which at such time remains an Unpaid Drawing) to the extent such amount was not theretofore funded by such Replaced Lender and (iii) the each Swingline Lender an amount equal to such Replaced Lender’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of any Mandatory Borrowing relating to such Swingline Lender’s Swingline Loans under such Facility to the extent such amount was not theretofore funded by such Replaced Lender to the such Swingline Lender; and
(ii)    all obligations of the Borrowers then owing to the Replaced Lender (other than those specifically described in clause (i) above in respect of which the assignment purchase price has been, or is concurrently being, paid, but including all amounts, if any, owing under Section 2.11 which shall be paid in full to such Replaced Lender concurrently with such

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replacement) shall be paid in full to such Replaced Lender concurrently with such replacement.
(b)    Upon receipt by the Replaced Lender of all amounts required to be paid to it pursuant to this Section 2.13 , the Administrative Agent shall be entitled (but not obligated) and authorized to execute an Assignment and Assumption Agreement on behalf of such Replaced Lender, and any such Assignment and Assumption Agreement so executed by the Administrative Agent and the Replacement Lender shall be effective for purposes of this Section 2.13 and Section 13.04 . Upon the execution of the respective Assignment and Assumption Agreement, the payment of amounts referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) above, recordation of the assignment on the Register by the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 13.15 and, if so requested by the Replacement Lender, delivery to the Replacement Lender of the appropriate Note or Notes executed by the relevant Borrowers, the Replacement Lender shall become a Lender hereunder and the Replaced Lender shall cease to constitute a Lender hereunder, except with respect to indemnification provisions under this Agreement (including, without limitation, Sections 2.10 , 2.11 , 3.06 , 5.04 , 12.06 , 13.01 and 13.06 ), which shall survive as to such Replaced Lender.
2.14.     Incremental Commitments . (a) AbitibiBowater Resolute shall have the right, in consultation and coordination with the Administrative Agent as to all of the matters set forth below in this Section 2.14 , but without requiring the consent of the Administrative Agent (except as otherwise provided in this Section 2.14 ) or the Lenders, to request at any time and from time to time after the Effective Date and prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date that one or more Lenders (and/or one or more other Persons which are Eligible Transferees and which will become Lenders) provide U.S. Facility Incremental Commitments or Canadian Facility Incremental Commitments (as specified by AbitibiBowater Resolute ) and, subject to the applicable terms and conditions contained in this Agreement and the relevant Incremental Commitment Agreement, make Revolving Loans and participate in Letters of Credit and Swingline Loans pursuant thereto; provided that (i) no Lender shall be obligated to provide an Incremental Commitment, and until such time, if any, as such Lender has agreed in its sole discretion to provide an Incremental Commitment and executed and delivered to the Administrative Agent, AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers an Incremental Commitment Agreement as provided in clause (b) of this Section 2.14 , such Lender shall not be obligated to fund any Revolving Loans in excess of its U.S. Facility Commitment or Canadian Facility Commitment, as applicable, (if any) or participate in any Letters of Credit or Swingline Loans in excess of its U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as applicable, in each case, as in effect prior to giving effect to such Incremental Commitment provided pursuant to this Section 2.14 , (ii) any Lender (including any Person which is an Eligible Transferee who will become a Lender) may so provide an Incremental Commitment without the consent of the Administrative Agent or any other Lender; provided that any Person that is not a Lender prior to the effectiveness of its Incremental Commitment shall require the consent of the Administrative Agent, each Issuing Lender and the each Swingline Lender (which consents shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) to provide an Incremental Commitment pursuant to this Section 2.14 , (iii) the aggregate amount of each request (and provision therefor) for U.S. Facility Incremental Commitments or Canadian Facility Incremental Commitments, or any combination thereof, shall be in a minimum aggregate amount for all Lenders which provide such Incremental Commitments pursuant to a given Incremental Commitment

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Agreement pursuant to this Section 2.14 (including Persons who are Eligible Transferees and will become Lenders) of at least $25,000,000 (or such lesser amount that is acceptable to the Administrative Agent), (iv) the aggregate amount of all Incremental Commitments permitted to be provided pursuant to this Section 2.14 following the Sixth Amendment Effective Date shall not exceed in the aggregate $200,000,000, (v) if the Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage and/or Applicable Margins with respect to Commitments to be provided or Loans to be incurred pursuant to an Incremental Commitment shall be higher in any respect than those applicable to any other Commitments or Loans, the Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage and/or Applicable Margins, as the case may be, for the other Commitments and Loans shall be automatically increased as and to the extent needed to eliminate any deficiencies in accordance with the definition of “Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage” or “Applicable Margin” contained herein (such increase, the “ Additional Commitment Fee ” or “ Additional Margin ”, as the case may be), (vi) each Incremental Commitment Agreement shall specifically designate whether such Incremental Commitments are U.S. Facility Incremental Commitments or Canadian Facility Incremental Commitments, (vii) all Revolving Loans of a Borrower incurred pursuant to an Incremental Commitment (and all interest, fees and other amounts payable thereon) shall be Obligations under this Agreement and the other applicable Loan Documents and shall be secured by the relevant Security Documents, and guaranteed under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and/or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and/or English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, on a pari passu basis with all other Loans of such Borrower secured by each relevant Security Document and guaranteed under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and/or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and/or English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, and (ix) each Lender (including any Person which is an Eligible Transferee who will become a Lender) agreeing to provide an Incremental Commitment pursuant to an Incremental Commitment Agreement shall, subject to the satisfaction of the relevant conditions set forth in this Agreement, participate in Swingline Loans and Letters of Credit pursuant to Sections 2.01(b) and 3.04 , respectively, and make Revolving Loans as provided in Section 2.01(a) , in each case, under the U.S. Facility Commitment or Canadian Facility Commitment, as applicable, and such Revolving Loans shall constitute U.S. Facility Revolving Loans or Canadian Facility Revolving Loans, as the case may be, for all purposes of this Agreement and the other applicable Loan Documents.
(b)    At the time of the provision of Incremental Commitments pursuant to this Section 2.14 , (I) AbitibiBowater Resolute , each other Borrower, each Guarantor, the Administrative Agent and each such Lender or other Eligible Transferee which agrees to provide an Incremental Commitment (each, an “ Incremental Lender ”) shall execute and deliver to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent an Incremental Commitment Agreement, appropriately completed (with the effectiveness of the Incremental Commitment provided therein to occur on the date set forth in such Incremental Commitment Agreement, which date in any event shall be no earlier than the date on which (i) all fees required to be paid in connection therewith at the time of such effectiveness shall have been paid, (ii) all Incremental Commitment Requirements have been satisfied, (iii) all conditions set forth in this Section 2.14 shall have been satisfied and (iv) all other conditions precedent that may be set forth in such Incremental Commitment Agreement shall have been satisfied) and (II) AbitibiBowater Resolute , each other Borrower, each Guarantor, the Collateral Agent and each Incremental Lender (as applicable) shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent such additional Security Documents and/or amendments to the

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Security Documents as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request which are necessary to ensure that all Loans incurred pursuant to the Incremental Commitments and any Additional Commitment Fee and/or Additional Margin are secured by each relevant Security Document (the “ Incremental Security Documents ”). The Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender as to the effectiveness of each Incremental Commitment Agreement and, at such time, Schedule 1.01(a) shall be deemed modified to reflect the Incremental Commitments of such Incremental Lenders.
(c)    It is understood and agreed that the Incremental Commitments provided by an Incremental Lender or Incremental Lenders, as the case may be, pursuant to each Incremental Commitment Agreement shall constitute part of, and be added to, the U.S. Facility Commitment and/or the Canadian Facility Commitment, as the case may be, and each Incremental Lender shall constitute a U.S. Facility Lender and/or Canadian Facility Lender, as applicable, for all purposes of this Agreement and each other applicable Loan Document.
(d)    At the time of any provision of Incremental Commitments pursuant to this Section 2.14 , each Borrower shall, in coordination with the Administrative Agent, repay outstanding Revolving Loans of certain of the Lenders, and incur additional Revolving Loans from certain other Lenders (including the Incremental Lenders), in each case to the extent necessary so that all of the U.S. Facility Lenders and/or Canadian Lenders, as applicable, participate in each outstanding Borrowing of each Facility of Revolving Loans pro rata on the basis of their respective Commitments (after giving effect to any increase in the Total Commitment pursuant to this Section 2.14 ) and with the Borrowers being obligated to pay to the respective Lenders any costs of the type referred to in Section 2.11 in connection with any such repayment and/or Borrowing.
2.15.     Interest Act (Canada); Criminal Rate of Interest; Nominal Rate of Interest . (a) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document, solely to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction finally determines that the calculation or determination of interest or any fee payable by the Canadian Borrowers in respect of the Canadian Borrower Obligations pursuant to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall be governed by or subject to the laws of any jurisdiction of Canada or the federal laws of Canada, in no event shall the aggregate “interest” (as defined in Section 347 of the Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, as the same shall be amended, replaced or re-enacted from time to time) payable by the Canadian Borrowers to the Administrative Agent or any Lender Creditor under this Agreement or any other Loan Document exceed the effective annual rate of interest on the “credit advanced” (as defined in that section) under this Agreement or such other Loan Document lawfully permitted under that section and, if any payment, collection or demand pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document in respect of “interest” (as defined in that section) is determined to be contrary to the provisions of that section, such payment, collection or demand shall be deemed to have been made by mutual mistake of the Administrative Agent, the applicable Lenders and the Canadian Borrowers and the amount of such payment or collection shall be refunded by the Administrative Agent and such Lenders to the Canadian Borrowers. For the purposes of this Agreement and each other Loan Document to which any Canadian Borrowers are a party, the effective annual rate of interest payable by the Canadian Borrowers shall be determined in accordance with generally accepted actuarial practices and principles over the term of the Loans

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on the basis of annual compounding for the lawfully permitted rate of interest and, in the event of dispute, a certificate of a Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries appointed by and for the account of the Canadian Borrowers will be conclusive for the purpose of such determination in the absence of evidence to the contrary.
(b)    For the purposes of the Interest Act (Canada) and with respect to Canadian Borrowers only:
(i)    whenever any interest or fee payable by the Canadian Borrowers is calculated using a rate based on a year of 360 days or 365 days, as the case may be, the rate determined pursuant to such calculation, when expressed as an annual rate, is equivalent to (x) the applicable rate based on a year of 360 days or 365 days, as the case may be, (y) multiplied by the actual number of days in the calendar year in which such rate is to be ascertained and (z) divided by 360 or 365, as the case may be; and
(ii)    all calculations of interest payable by the Canadian Borrowers under this Agreement or any other Loan Document are to be made on the basis of the nominal interest rate described herein and therein and not on the basis of effective yearly rates or on any other basis which gives effect to the principle of deemed reinvestment of interest. The parties hereto acknowledge that there is a material difference between the stated nominal interest rates and the effective yearly rates of interest and that they are capable of making the calculations required to determine such effective yearly rates of interest.
(c)    The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that clauses (a) and (b) of this Section 2.15 only apply to the Canadian Borrowers and shall not otherwise reduce or effect the obligations of the U.S. Borrowers under this Agreement to pay the full amount of the Obligations of such U.S. Borrowers in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (including to reimburse the Administrative Agent and the applicable Lenders for any amounts refunded by the Administrative Agent or any Lender to the Canadian Borrowers pursuant to clause (a) of this Section 2.15 ).
2.16.     Provisions Regarding Bankers’ Acceptances, Drafts, etc. The parties hereto agree that the provisions of Schedule 1.01(b) shall apply to all Bankers’ Acceptances, Bankers’ Acceptance Loans, Drafts and B/A Equivalent Notes created hereunder, and that the provisions of Schedule 1.01(b) shall be deemed incorporated by reference into this Agreement as if such provisions were set forth in their entirety herein.
2.17.     AbitibiBowater Resolute as Agent for Borrowers . Each Borrower hereby irrevocably appoints AbitibiBowater Resolute as its agent and attorney-in-fact for all purposes under this Agreement and each other Loan Document, which appointment shall remain in full force and effect unless and until the Administrative Agent shall have received prior written notice signed by the respective appointing Borrower that such appointment has been revoked. Each Borrower hereby irrevocably appoints and authorizes AbitibiBowater Resolute (i) to provide the Administrative Agent with all notices with respect to Loans and Letters of Credit obtained for the benefit of any Borrower and all other notices and instructions under this Agreement or any other Loan Document and (ii) to take such action as AbitibiBowater Resolute deems appropriate on its behalf to exercise such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto to carry out the purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. It is understood that the handling of the Credit Account and the

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Collateral of the respective Borrowers in a combined fashion ( i.e. , the U.S. Borrowers in a combined fashion and the Canadian Borrowers in a combined fashion), as more fully set forth herein, is done solely as an accommodation to the Borrowers in order to utilize the collective borrowing powers of the Borrowers in the most efficient and economical manner and at their request, and that the Lenders shall not incur liability to any Borrower as a result thereof. Each Borrower expects to derive benefit, directly or indirectly, from the handling of the Credit Account and the Collateral in a combined fashion since the successful operation of each Borrower is dependent on the continued successful performance of the consolidated group. To induce the Agents and the Lenders to do so, and in consideration thereof, each Borrower hereby jointly and severally agrees to indemnify each Agent and each Lender and hold each Agent and each Lender harmless against any and all liability, expense, loss or claim of damage or injury, made against any Agent or any Lender by any Borrower or by any third party whosoever, arising from or incurred by reason of (a) the handling of the Credit Account and Collateral of the Borrowers as provided in this Agreement or (b) the Agents’ and the Lenders’ relying on any instructions of AbitibiBowater Resolute , or (c) any other action taken by the Agents or the Lenders hereunder or under the other Loan Documents, except that the Borrowers will have no liability to any Lender or any Agent with respect to any such liability, expense, loss or claim of damage or injury to the extent the same has been finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Lender or such Agent, as the case may be.
2.18.     Defaulting Lenders . If any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then the following provisions shall apply for so long as such Lender is a Defaulting Lender:
(a)    if any U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure or U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure exists at the time a Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender then:
(i)     all or any part of such U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure and U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure shall be reallocated among the U.S. Facility Lenders that are Non-Defaulting Lenders in accordance with their respective U.S. Facility RL Percentages but only to the extent (x) the sum of all U.S. Facility Lenders’ that are Non-Defaulting Lenders Individual U.S. Facility Exposures plus such Defaulting Lender’s U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure and U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure does not exceed the total of all Non-Defaulting Lenders’ U.S. Facility Commitments, (y) immediately following the reallocation to a U.S. Facility Lender that is a Non-Defaulting Lender, the Individual U.S. Facility Exposure of such U.S. Facility Lender does not exceed its U.S. Facility Commitment at such time and (z) the conditions set forth in Section 7 are satisfied at such time;
(ii) if the reallocation described in clause (i) above cannot, or can only partially, be effected, the applicable Borrowers shall within one (1) Business Day following notice by the Administrative Agent (x) first, prepay such U.S. Facility Swingline Exposure and (y) second, cash collateralize in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the applicable Issuing Lender such Defaulting Lender’s U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure (after giving effect to any partial reallocation pursuant to clause (i) above) in aggregate amount equal to 100% of such Defaulting Lender’s

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U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure for so long as such U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure is outstanding (such arrangements, together with the arrangements set forth in Section 2.18(b)(ii) (the “ Letter of Credit Back-Stop Arrangements ”);
(iii) the applicable Borrowers shall not be required to pay any fees to such Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 4.01(b) with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure during the period that such Lender is a Defaulting Lender;
(iv)     if the U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure of the Non-Defaulting Lenders is reallocated pursuant to this Section 2.18(a) , then the fees payable to the Lenders pursuant to Section 4.01(b) shall be adjusted in accordance with such Non-Defaulting Lenders’ U.S. Facility RL Percentages during the period that such Lender is a Defaulting Lender; and
(v)    if any Defaulting Lender’s U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure is neither cash collateralized nor reallocated pursuant to this Section 2.18(a) , then, without prejudice to any rights or remedies of any Issuing Lender or any Lender hereunder, all letter of credit fees payable under Section 4.01(b) with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure shall be payable to each Issuing Lender until such U.S. Facility Letter of Credit Exposure is cash collateralized and/or reallocated;
(b)    if any Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure or Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure exists at the time a Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender then:
(i)     all or any part of such Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure and Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure shall be reallocated among the Canadian Facility Lenders that are Non-Defaulting Lenders in accordance with their respective Canadian Facility RL Percentages but only to the extent (x) the sum of all Canadian Facility Lenders’ that are Non-Defaulting Lenders Individual Canadian Facility Exposures plus such Defaulting Lender’s Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure and Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure does not exceed the total of all Non-Defaulting Lenders’ Canadian Facility Commitments, (y) immediately following the reallocation to a Canadian Facility Lender that is a Non-Defaulting Lender, the Individual Canadian Facility Exposure of such Canadian Facility Lender does not exceed its Canadian Facility Commitment at such time and (z) the conditions set forth in Section 7 are satisfied at such time;
(ii) if the reallocation described in clause (i) above cannot, or can only partially, be effected, the applicable Borrowers shall within one (1) Business Day following notice by the Administrative Agent (x) first, prepay such Canadian Facility Swingline Exposure and (y) second, cash collateralize in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the applicable Issuing Lender such Defaulting Lender’s Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure (after giving effect to any partial reallocation pursuant to clause (i) above) in aggregate amount equal to 100% of such Defaulting

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Lender’s Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure for so long as such Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure is outstanding;
(iii) the applicable Borrowers shall not be required to pay any fees to such Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 4.01(b) with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure during the period that such Lender is a Defaulting Lender;
(iv)     if the Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure of the Non-Defaulting Lenders is reallocated pursuant to this Section 2.18(b) , then the fees payable to the Lenders pursuant to Section 4.01(b) shall be adjusted in accordance with such Non-Defaulting Lenders’ Canadian Facility RL Percentages during the period that such Lender is a Defaulting Lender; and
(v)    if any Defaulting Lender’s Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure is neither cash collateralized nor reallocated pursuant to this Section 2.18(b) , then, without prejudice to any rights or remedies of any Issuing Lender or any Lender hereunder, all letter of credit fees payable under Section 4.01(b) with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure shall be payable to each Issuing Lender until such Canadian Facility Letter of Credit Exposure is cash collateralized and/or reallocated;
(c)    so long as any U.S. Facility Lender is a Defaulting Lender, the no Swingline Lender shall not be required to fund any U.S. Facility Swingline Loan and no Issuing Lender shall be required to issue, amend or increase any U.S. Facility Letter of Credit, unless it is reasonably satisfied that the related exposure will be 100% covered by the U.S. Facility Commitments of the Non-Defaulting Lenders and/or cash collateral will be provided by the applicable Borrowers in accordance with Section 2.18(a) , and participating interests in any such newly issued or increased U.S. Facility Letter of Credit or newly made U.S. Facility Swingline Loan shall be allocated among U.S. Facility Lenders that are Non-Defaulting Lenders in a manner consistent with Section 2.18(a)(i) (and Defaulting Lenders shall not participate therein); and
(d)    so long as any Canadian Facility Lender is a Defaulting Lender, the no Swingline Lender shall not be required to fund any Canadian Facility Swingline Loan and no Issuing Lender shall be required to issue, amend or increase any Canadian Facility Letter of Credit, unless it is reasonably satisfied that the related exposure will be 100% covered by the Canadian Facility Commitments of the Non-Defaulting Lenders and/or cash collateral will be provided by the applicable Borrowers in accordance with Section 2.18(b) , and participating interests in any such newly issued or increased Canadian Facility Letter of Credit or newly made Canadian Facility Swingline Loan shall be allocated among Canadian Facility Lenders that are Non-Defaulting Lenders in a manner consistent with Section 2.18(b)(i) (and Defaulting Lenders shall not participate therein).
In the event that the Administrative Agent, each Issuing Lender and the each Swingline Lender, and, provided that no Event of Default has occurred or is continuing, each Borrower agrees that a Defaulting Lender has adequately remedied all matters that caused such Lender to be a Defaulting Lender, then the Swingline Exposure and Letter of Credit Exposure of

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the Lenders shall be readjusted to reflect the inclusion of such Lender’s Commitments and on such date such Lender shall purchase at par such of the Loans of the other Lenders (other than Swingline Loans) as the Administrative Agent shall determine may be necessary in order for such Lender to hold such Loans in accordance with its U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be.
SECTION 3. Letters of Credit .
3.01.     Letters of Credit . (a) (A) Subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth herein (including, without limitation, the conditions set forth in Section 7 ), a Borrower may request that an Issuing Lender issue, at any time and from time to time on and after the Effective Date and prior to the 30th day prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date, (i) in the case of a request for a Letter of Credit in respect of the U.S. Facility Commitments, for the joint and several account of the U.S. Borrowers (each such letter of credit, a “ U.S. Facility Letter of Credit ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Facility Letters of Credit ”), (ii) in the case of a request for a Letter of Credit by a U.S. Borrower in respect of the Canadian Facility Commitments, for the joint and several account of the U.S. Borrowers (each such letter of credit, a “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Letter of Credit ” and, collectively, the “ U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Letters of Credit ”) and (iii) in the case of a request for a Letter of Credit by a Canadian Borrower in respect of the Canadian Facility Commitments, for the joint and several account of the Canadian Borrowers (each such letter of credit, a “ Canadian Borrower Letter of Credit ” and, collectively, the “ Canadian Borrower Letters of Credit ” and, together with the U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Letters of Credit, the “ Canadian Facility Letters of Credit ” and, together with the U.S. Facility Letters of Credit, the “ Letters of Credit ”), and, in each case, for the benefit of (x) any holder (or any trustee, agent or other similar representative for any such holders) of L/C Supportable Obligations, an irrevocable standby letter of credit, in a form customarily used by such Issuing Lender or in such other form as is reasonably acceptable to such Issuing Lender, and (y) sellers of goods to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, an irrevocable trade letter of credit, in a form customarily used by such Issuing Lender or in such other form as has been approved by such Issuing Lender (although without limiting the joint and several nature of the U.S. Borrowers’ or the Canadian Borrowers’ obligations, as the case may be, in respect of the Letters of Credit, any particular Letter of Credit may name only one or more of the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as the case may be, as the applicant or obligor therein and, at the direction of such respective Borrower(s), may be issued for the benefit of one or more Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute ). Unless agreed to by an Issuing Lender in respect of a Letter of Credit issued by such Issuing Lender, each Letters of Credit shall only provide for payment at sight.
(B)     Schedule 3.01 contains a description of letters of credit that were originally issued for the account of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the Closing Date and which remain outstanding on the Closing Date (and setting forth, with respect to each such letter of credit, (i) the name of the issuing lender, (ii) the letter of credit number, (iii) the name(s) of the account party or account parties, (iv) the stated amount, (v) the currency in which the letter of credit is denominated, (vi) the name of the beneficiary, (vii) the expiry date and (viii) whether such letter of credit constitutes a standby letter of credit or a trade letter of credit). Each such letter of credit which remains outstanding on the Effective Date, including any extension or renewal thereof in

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accordance with the terms thereof and hereof (each, as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof and hereof, an “ Existing Letter of Credit ”) shall constitute a “U.S. Facility Letter of Credit” or “Canadian Facility Letter of Credit” as specified on Schedule 3.01 for all purposes of this Agreement and shall be deemed issued on the Effective Date. Each Existing Letter of Credit shall be deemed to have been issued for the account of the respective Borrowers as specified on Schedule 3.01 .
(b)    Subject to and upon the terms and conditions set forth herein (including, without limitation, the conditions set forth in Section 7 ), each Issuing Lender agrees that it will, at any time and from time to time on and after the Effective Date and prior to the 30th day prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date, following its receipt of the respective Letter of Credit Request, issue for (i) in the case of a request for a U.S. Facility Letter of Credit, for the joint and several account of the U.S. Borrowers, (ii) in the case of a request for a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit by a U.S. Borrower, for the joint and several account of the U.S. Borrowers and (iii) in the case of a request for a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit by a Canadian Borrower, for the joint and several account of the Canadian Borrowers, and one or more Letters of Credit, in each case as are permitted to remain outstanding hereunder without giving rise to a Default or an Event of Default; provided that no Issuing Lender shall be under any obligation to issue any Letter of Credit of the types described above if at the time of such issuance:
(i)    any order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator shall purport by its terms to enjoin or restrain such Issuing Lender from issuing such Letter of Credit or any requirement of law applicable to such Issuing Lender or any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over such Issuing Lender shall prohibit, or request that such Issuing Lender refrain from, the issuance of letters of credit generally or such Letter of Credit in particular or shall impose upon such Issuing Lender with respect to such Letter of Credit any restriction or reserve or capital requirement (for which such Issuing Lender is not otherwise compensated hereunder) not in effect with respect to such Issuing Lender on the date hereof, or any unreimbursed loss, cost or expense which was not applicable or in effect with respect to such Issuing Lender as of the date hereof and which such Issuing Lender reasonably and in good faith deems material to it and for which such Issuing Lender is not otherwise entitled to reimbursement or indemnification hereunder and has not received assurances satisfactory to such Issuing Lender that it will be paid; or
(ii)    such Issuing Lender shall have received from any Borrower, any other Loan Party or the Required Lenders prior to the issuance of such Letter of Credit notice of the type described in the second sentence of Section 3.03(b) ; or
(iii)    the aggregate Letter of Credit Exposure in respect of all Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Lender would exceed such Issuing Lender’s Fronting Sublimit.
3.02.     Maximum Letter of Credit Outstandings; Currencies; Tenor . (a) No Letter of Credit shall be issued (or required to be issued) if the Stated Amount of such Letter of Credit, when added to the Letter of Credit Outstandings (exclusive of Unpaid Drawings which are repaid on the date of, and prior to the issuance of, the respective Letter of Credit) at such time would exceed the Maximum

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Letter of Credit Amount, (b) no U.S. Facility Letter of Credit shall be issued (or required to be issued) at any time when the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure exceeds (or would after giving effect to such issuance exceed) the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time, (c) no Canadian Facility Letter of Credit shall be issued (or required to be issued) at any time when the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure exceeds (or would after giving effect to such issuance exceed) the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time, (d) the issuance of any Letter of Credit shall be subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement (including, without limitation, the conditions set forth in Section 7 ), (e) each U.S. Facility Letter of Credit shall be denominated in U.S. Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling and each Canadian Facility Letter of Credit shall be denominated in U.S. Dollars, Canadian Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling, (g) each standby Letter of Credit shall by its terms terminate on or before the earlier of (1) the date which occurs 12 months after the date of the issuance thereof (although any such standby Letter of Credit may be extendible (if and to the extent so provided in such Letter of Credit) for successive periods of up to 12 months, but, in each case, not beyond the fifth Business Day prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date) and (2) five Business Days prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date and (h) each trade Letter of Credit shall by its terms terminate on or before the earlier of (i) the date which occurs 180 days after the date of issuance thereof and (ii) five Business Days prior to the Revolving Loan Maturity Date.
3.03.     Letter of Credit Requests; Minimum Stated Amount . (a) Whenever a Borrower desires that a Letter of Credit be issued (i) in the case of a request for a U.S. Facility Letter of Credit, for the joint and several account of the U.S. Borrowers, (ii) in the case of a request for a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit by a U.S. Borrower, for the joint and several account of the U.S. Borrowers and (iii) in the case of a request for a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit by a Canadian Borrower, for the joint and several account of the Canadian Borrowers, and shall give the Administrative Agent and the applicable Issuing Lender at least five Business Days’ (or such shorter period as is acceptable to such Issuing Lender) written notice thereof (including by way of facsimile). Each notice shall be in the form of Exhibit C , appropriately completed (each, a “ Letter of Credit Request ”) and shall specify whether the Letter of Credit being issued shall constitute a U.S. Facility Letter of Credit or Canadian Facility Letter of Credit.
(b)    The making of each Letter of Credit Request shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by such requesting Borrower to the Lenders of the applicable Facility that such Letter of Credit may be issued in accordance with, and will not violate the requirements of, Section 3.02 . Unless the applicable Issuing Lender has received notice from any Borrower, any other Loan Party or the Required Lenders before it issues a Letter of Credit that one or more of the conditions specified in Section 6 or 7 are not then satisfied, or that the issuance of such Letter of Credit would violate Section 3.02 , then such Issuing Lender shall, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, issue the requested Letter of Credit for the account of such Borrower (and the U.S. Borrowers in a combined fashion, or the Canadian Borrowers in a combined fashion, as the case may be) in accordance with such Issuing Lender’s usual and customary practices. Upon the issuance of or modification or amendment to any standby Letter of Credit, each Issuing Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower to be named as account party therein and the Administrative Agent, in writing of such issuance, modification or amendment and such notice shall be accompanied by a copy of such Letter of Credit or the respective modification or amendment thereto, as the case may be. Promptly after receipt of such notice the Administrative Agent shall

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notify the Participants, in writing, of such issuance, modification or amendment. On the first Business Day of each week, each Issuing Lender shall furnish the Administrative Agent with a written (including via facsimile) report of the daily aggregate outstandings of Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Lender for the immediately preceding week.
(c)    The initial Stated Amount of each Letter of Credit shall not be less than $10,000 (or, in the case of a Letter of Credit issued in a currency other than U.S. Dollars, the U.S. Dollar Equivalent thereof) or such lesser amount as is acceptable to the respective Issuing Lender.
3.04.     Letter of Credit Participations . (a) Immediately upon the issuance by an Issuing Lender of any Letter of Credit under a Facility, such Issuing Lender shall be deemed to have sold and transferred to each Lender under such Facility, and each such Lender (in its capacity under this Section 3.04 with respect to any Letter of Credit, a “ Participant ” therein) shall be deemed irrevocably and unconditionally to have purchased and received from such Issuing Lender, without recourse or warranty, an undivided interest and participation, to the extent of such Participant’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, in such Letter of Credit, each drawing or payment made thereunder and the obligations of the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as the case may be, under this Agreement with respect thereto, and any security therefor or guaranty pertaining thereto. Upon any change in the Commitments under a Facility or U.S. Facility RL Percentages or Canadian Facility RL Percentages of the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.13 , Section 2.14 or Section 13.04(b) , it is hereby agreed that, with respect to all outstanding Letters of Credit and Unpaid Drawings under such Facility relating thereto, there shall be an automatic adjustment to the participations pursuant to this Section 3.04 to reflect the new U.S. Facility RL Percentages or Canadian Facility RL Percentages of the assignor and assignee Lender under such Facility, as the case may be.
(b)    In determining whether to pay under any Letter of Credit under a Facility, no Issuing Lender shall have any obligation other than to confirm that any documents required to be delivered under such Letter of Credit appear to have been delivered and that they appear to substantially comply on their face with the requirements of such Letter of Credit. Any action taken or omitted to be taken by an Issuing Lender under or in connection with any Letter of Credit issued by it shall not create for such Issuing Lender any resulting liability to any Borrower, any other Loan Party, any Lender or any other Person unless such action is taken or omitted to be taken with gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of such Issuing Lender (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable decision).
(c)    In the event that an Issuing Lender makes any payment under any Letter of Credit issued by it and the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as applicable, shall not have reimbursed such amount in full to such Issuing Lender pursuant to Section 3.05(a) , such Issuing Lender shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent, which shall promptly notify each Participant of such failure, and each such Participant shall promptly and unconditionally pay to such Issuing Lender the amount of such Participant’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of such unreimbursed payment in the applicable Available Currency (or, in the case of any unreimbursed payment made in a currency other than an Available Currency under the applicable Facility, the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of such unreimbursed payment, as determined

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by the Issuing Lender on the date on which such unreimbursed payment was made by such Issuing Lender) in immediately available funds. If the Administrative Agent so notifies, prior to 12:00 Noon (New York City time) on any Business Day, any Participant required to fund a payment under a Letter of Credit, such Participant shall make available in the applicable Available Currency (or, in the case of any unreimbursed payment made in a currency other than an Available Currency under the applicable Facility, the U.S. Dollar Equivalent thereof) to the respective Issuing Lender such Participant’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of the amount of such payment on such Business Day in immediately available funds. If and to the extent such Participant shall not have so made its U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of the amount of such payment available to the respective Issuing Lender, such Participant agrees to pay to such Issuing Lender, forthwith on demand such amount, together with interest thereon, for each day from such date until the date such amount is paid to such Issuing Lender at the overnight Federal Funds Rate (or, in the case of any unreimbursed payment denominated in Canadian Dollars, at a rate equivalent to the cost to such Issuing Lender of acquiring overnight funds in Canadian Dollars) for the first three days and thereafter at the interest rate applicable to U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans that are maintained as Base Rate Loans (or, in the case of any unreimbursed payment denominated in Canadian Dollars, the interest rate applicable to Canadian Prime Rate Loans). The failure of any Participant to make available to an Issuing Lender its U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of any payment under any Letter of Credit issued by such Issuing Lender shall not relieve any other Participant of its obligation hereunder to make available to such Issuing Lender its U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of any payment under any Letter of Credit on the date required, as specified above, but no Participant shall be responsible for the failure of any other Participant to make available to such Issuing Lender such other Participant’s U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be, of any such payment.
(d)    Whenever an Issuing Lender receives a payment of a reimbursement obligation as to which it has received any payments from the Participants pursuant to clause (c) above, such Issuing Lender shall pay to each such Participant which has paid its applicable U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage thereof, in the applicable Available Currency (or, in the case of any unreimbursed payment made in a currency other than an Available Currency under the applicable Facility, the U.S. Dollar Equivalent thereof) in immediately available funds, an amount equal to such Participant’s share (based upon the proportionate aggregate amount originally funded by such Participant to the aggregate amount funded by all Participants in respect of such participation) of the principal amount of such reimbursement obligation and interest thereon accruing after the purchase of the respective participations.
(e)    The obligations of the Participants to make payments to each Issuing Lender with respect to Letters of Credit shall be irrevocable and not subject to any qualification or exception whatsoever and shall be made in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement under all circumstances, including, without limitation, any of the following circumstances:
(i)    any lack of validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents;

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(ii)    the existence of any claim, setoff, defense or other right which AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries may have at any time against a beneficiary named in a Letter of Credit, any transferee of any Letter of Credit (or any Person for whom any such transferee may be acting), the Administrative Agent, any Participant, or any other Person, whether in connection with this Agreement, any Letter of Credit, the transactions contemplated herein or any unrelated transactions (including any underlying transaction between AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute and the beneficiary named in any such Letter of Credit);
(iii)    any draft, certificate or any other document presented under any Letter of Credit proving to be forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or inaccurate in any respect;
(iv)    the surrender or impairment of any security for the performance or observance of any of the terms of any of the Loan Documents; or
(v)    the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default.
3.05.     Agreement to Repay Letter of Credit Drawings . (a) (i) Each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a U.S. Facility Letter of Credit, hereby jointly and severally agrees, (ii) each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a U.S. Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees and (iii) each Canadian Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a Canadian Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees, in each case, to reimburse each Issuing Lender, by making payment to the Administrative Agent in the applicable Available Currency (or, in the case of any unreimbursed payment made in a currency other than an Available Currency under the applicable Facility, the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of such payment or disbursement as determined by the respective Issuing Lender on the date of such payment or disbursement) in immediately available funds at the Payment Office, for any payment or disbursement made by such Issuing Lender under any Letter of Credit issued by it for the account of such U.S. Borrower or Canadian Borrower, as applicable (each such amount (or the U.S. Dollar Equivalent thereof, as the case may be) so paid until reimbursed by the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as applicable, an “ Unpaid Drawing ”), not later than one Business Day following receipt by any such U.S. Borrower or any such Canadian Borrower, as the case may be, of notice of such payment or disbursement ( provided that no such notice shall be required to be given if a Default or an Event of Default under Section 11.01(g) or (h) shall have occurred and be continuing, in which case the Unpaid Drawing shall be due and payable immediately without presentment, demand, protest or notice of any kind (all of which are hereby waived by the Borrowers)), with interest on the amount so paid or disbursed by such Issuing Lender, to the extent not reimbursed prior to 12:00 Noon (New York City time) on the date of such payment or disbursement, from and including the date paid or disbursed to but excluding the date such Issuing Lender was reimbursed by such U.S. Borrower or such Canadian Borrower, as applicable, at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate as in effect from time to time plus the Applicable Margin as in effect from time to time for U.S. Dollar Denominated Revolving Loans that are maintained as Base Rate Loans; (or, in the case of any unreimbursed payment denominated in Canadian Dollars, the interest rate applicable to Canadian Prime Rate Loans) provided , however ,

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to the extent such amounts are not reimbursed prior to 12:00 Noon (New York City time) on the third Business Day following the receipt by any such U.S. Borrower or any such Canadian Borrower, as applicable, of notice of such payment or disbursement or following the occurrence of a Default or an Event of Default under Section 11.01(g) or (h) , interest shall thereafter accrue on the amounts so paid or disbursed by such Issuing Lender (until reimbursed by the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as applicable, at the applicable rate per annum specified above plus 2%, with such interest to be payable on demand. Each Issuing Lender shall give the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as the case may be, prompt written notice of each Drawing under any Letter of Credit issued by it for the account of such Borrowers; provided that the failure to give any such notice shall in no way affect, impair or diminish the obligations of any such Borrower hereunder.
(b)    The joint and several obligations of the U.S. Borrowers or the Canadian Borrowers, as the case may be, under this Section 3.05 to reimburse each Issuing Lender with respect to drafts, demands and other presentations for payment under Letters of Credit issued by it (each, a “ Drawing ”) (including, in each case, interest thereon) shall be absolute and unconditional under any and all circumstances and irrespective of any setoff, counterclaim or defense to payment which AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any other Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute may have or have had against any Lender under the respective Facility (including in its capacity as an Issuing Lender or as a Participant), including, without limitation, any defense based upon the failure of any drawing under a Letter of Credit to conform to the terms of the Letter of Credit or any nonapplication or misapplication by the beneficiary of the proceeds of such Drawing; provided , however , that the foregoing shall not be construed to excuse the applicable Issuing Lender from liability to the Borrowers to the extent of any direct damages (as opposed to consequential damages, claims in respect of which are hereby waived by the Borrowers to the extent permitted by applicable law) suffered by the Borrowers that are caused by acts or omissions constituting willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of such Issuing Lender (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable decision).
3.06.     Increased Costs . If at any time after the Closing Date, the introduction of or any change in any applicable law, rule, regulation, order, guideline or request or in the interpretation or administration thereof by the NAIC or any Governmental Authority charged with the interpretation or administration thereof, or compliance by any Issuing Lender or any Participant with any request or directive by the NAIC or by any such Governmental Authority (whether or not having the force of law), shall either (a) impose, modify or make applicable any reserve, deposit, capital adequacy or similar requirement against letters of credit issued by any Issuing Lender or participated in by any Participant, or (b) impose on any Issuing Lender or any Participant any other conditions relating, directly or indirectly, to this Agreement or any Letter of Credit; and the result of any of the foregoing is to increase the cost to any Issuing Lender or any Participant of issuing, maintaining or participating in any Letter of Credit, or reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by any Issuing Lender or any Participant hereunder or reduce the rate of return on its capital with respect to Letters of Credit (except with respect to any Tax, which shall be governed solely by Section 5.04 ), then, upon the delivery of the certificate referred to below to the Borrowers by any Issuing Lender or any Participant (a copy of which certificate shall be sent by such Issuing Lender or such Participant to the Administrative Agent), the applicable Loan Parties whose Revolving

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Loans are subject to such increased costs jointly and severally agree to pay to such Issuing Lender or such Participant such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Issuing Lender or such Participant for such increased cost or reduction in the amount receivable or reduction on the rate of return on its capital. Any Issuing Lender or any Participant, upon determining that any additional amounts will be payable to it pursuant to this Section 3.06 , will give prompt written notice thereof to the Borrowers, which notice shall include a certificate submitted to the Borrowers by such Issuing Lender or such Participant (a copy of which certificate shall be sent by such Issuing Lender or such Participant to the Administrative Agent), setting forth in reasonable detail the basis for the calculation of such additional amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Issuing Lender or such Participant. The certificate required to be delivered pursuant to this Section 3.06 shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding on all the parties hereto. Failure or delay on the part of any Issuing Lender or Participant to demand compensation pursuant to this Section shall not constitute a waiver of such Issuing Lender’s or Participant’s right to demand such compensation, as the case may be; provided that the Borrowers shall not be required to compensate an Issuing Lender or Participant pursuant to this Section 3.06 for any increased costs or reductions incurred more than 120 days prior to the date that such Issuing Lender or Participant, as the case may be, notifies AbitibiBowater Resolute of such Issuing Lender’s or such Participant’s intention to claim compensation therefor; provided, further, that if the change referred to above giving rise to such increased costs is retroactive, then the 120-day period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof.
SECTION 4. Commitment Fees; Reductions of Commitment .
4.01.     Fees . (a) AbitibiBowater Resolute agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent for distribution to each Non-Defaulting Lender a commitment fee (the “ Commitment Fees ”) for the period from and including the Closing Date to and including the Revolving Loan Maturity Date (or such earlier date on which the Total Commitment has been terminated) computed at a rate per annum equal to the Applicable Commitment Fee Percentage of the Unutilized Commitment of such Non-Defaulting Lender as in effect from time to time. Accrued Commitment Fees shall be due and payable quarterly in arrears on each Quarterly Payment Date and on the date upon which the Total Commitment is terminated.
(b)    (i) Each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a U.S. Facility Letter of Credit, hereby jointly and severally agrees, (ii) each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a U.S. Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees and (iii) each Canadian Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a Canadian Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees, in each case, to pay to the Administrative Agent for distribution to each Non-Defaulting Lender under the respective Facility (based on each such Lender’s respective U.S. Facility RL Percentage or Canadian Facility RL Percentage, as the case may be) a fee in respect of each Letter of Credit issued for the account of such U.S. Borrower or such Canadian Borrower, as applicable (the “ Letter of Credit Fee ”) for the period from and including the date of issuance of such Letter of Credit to and including the date of termination or expiration of such Letter of Credit, computed at a rate per annum equal to the Applicable Margin as in effect from time to time during such period with respect to Revolving Loans that are maintained as Eurodollar Loans on the daily Stated Amount of each such Letter of Credit. Accrued Letter of

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Credit Fees shall be due and payable quarterly in arrears on each Quarterly Payment Date and on the first day on or after the termination of the Total U.S. Facility Commitment or Total Canadian Facility Commitment, as the case may be, upon which no Letters of Credit under the respective Facility remain outstanding.
(c)    (i) Each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a U.S. Facility Letter of Credit, hereby jointly and severally agrees, (ii) each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a U.S. Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees and (iii) each Canadian Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a Canadian Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees, in each case, to pay to each Issuing Lender, for its own account, a facing fee in respect of each Letter of Credit issued by it for the account of such U.S. Borrower or such Canadian Borrower, as applicable (the “ Facing Fee ”) as may have been, or are hereafter, agreed to in writing from time to time by AbitibiBowater Resolute and such Issuing Lender.
(d)    (i) Each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a U.S. Facility Letter of Credit, hereby jointly and severally agrees, (ii) each U.S. Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a U.S. Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees and (iii) each Canadian Borrower, in the case of a Canadian Facility Letter of Credit issued for the account of a Canadian Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees, in each case, to pay to each Issuing Lender, for its own account, upon each payment under, issuance of, or amendment to, any Letter of Credit issued by it for the account of such U.S. Borrower or such Canadian Borrower, as applicable, such amount as shall at the time of such event be the administrative charge and the reasonable expenses which such Issuing Lender is generally imposing in connection with such occurrence with respect to letters of credit.
(e)    Each Canadian Borrower, in the case of Bankers’ Acceptance Loans made to a Canadian Borrower, hereby jointly and severally agrees to pay Drawing Fees at the time of the incurrence (by way of acceptance, purchase or otherwise) of each such Bankers’ Acceptance Loan.
(f)    The applicable Borrowers agree to pay to each Agent such fees as may have been, or are hereafter, agreed to in writing from time to time by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries and such Agent on the basis and to the extent set forth therein.
4.02.     Voluntary Termination of Unutilized Commitments . Upon at least three Business Day’s prior written notice to the Administrative Agent at the Notice Office (which notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly transmit to each of the Lenders under the applicable Facility), the Borrowers shall have the right, at any time or from time to time, without premium or penalty to terminate the Total Unutilized U.S. Facility Commitment or Total Unutilized Canadian Facility Commitment, in each case, in whole, or reduce it in part, pursuant to this Section 4.02 , in an integral multiple of $1,000,000 in the case of partial reductions to the Total Unutilized U.S. Facility Commitment or Total Unutilized Canadian Facility Commitment, as the case may be, provided that each such reduction shall apply proportionately to permanently reduce the Commitments under the applicable Facility of each Lender under such Facility; provided further , that a notice of termination of the Total Unutilized Commitment in whole delivered by a Borrower may state that such notice is conditioned upon the effectiveness of other credit facilities, in which case such

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notice may be revoked by such Borrower (by notice to the Administrative Agent on or prior to the specified effective date).
4.03.     Mandatory Reduction of Commitments . (a) The Total Commitment (and the Commitments of each Lender) shall terminate in its entirety on December 31, 2010, unless the Effective Date has occurred on or prior to such date.
(b)    The Total Commitment (and the Commitments of each Lender) shall terminate in its entirety upon the Revolving Loan Maturity Date.

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SECTION 5. Prepayments; Payments; Taxes
5.01.     Voluntary Prepayments . Each Borrower shall have the right to prepay the Loans, without premium or penalty, in whole or in part at any time and from time to time on the following terms and conditions: (i) such Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent prior to 12:00 Noon (New York City time) at the Notice Office (A) at least one Business Day’s (or such shorter period as agreed to by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion) prior written notice (or telephonic notice promptly confirmed in writing) of its intent to prepay Base Rate Loans (or same day notice in the case of a prepayment of U.S. Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans) or Canadian Prime Rate Loans (or same day notice in the case of a prepayment of Canadian Dollar Denominated Swingline Loans) and (B) at least three Business Days’ prior written notice (or telephonic notice promptly confirmed in writing) of its intent to prepay Eurodollars Loans, which notice (in each case) shall specify whether U.S. Facility Revolving Loans, U.S. Facility Swingline Loans, Canadian Facility Revolving Loans or Canadian Facility Swingline Loans shall be prepaid, the amount of such prepayment and the Types of Loans to be prepaid and, in the case of Eurodollar Loans, the specific Borrowing or Borrowings pursuant to which such Eurodollar Loans were made, and which notice the Administrative Agent shall, except in the case of Swingline Loans, promptly transmit to each of the Lenders under the applicable Facility, provided that if a notice of optional prepayment is given in connection with a conditional notice of termination of the Total Unutilized Commitment in whole as contemplated by Section 4.02 , then such notice of prepayment may be revoked if such notice of termination is revoked in accordance with Section 4.02 ; (ii) each partial prepayment of Revolving Loans pursuant to this Section 5.01 shall be in an aggregate principal amount of at least $1,000,000 (or such lesser amount as is acceptable to the Administrative Agent in any given case); provided that if any partial prepayment of Eurodollar Loans made pursuant to any Borrowing shall reduce the outstanding principal amount of Eurodollar Loans made pursuant to such Borrowing to an amount less than the Minimum Borrowing Amount applicable thereto, then such Borrowing may not be continued as a Borrowing of Eurodollar Loans (and same shall automatically be converted into a Borrowing of Base Rate Loans); (iii) each prepayment pursuant to this Section 5.01 in respect of any Revolving Loans made pursuant to a Borrowing shall be applied pro rata among such Revolving Loans, provided that at the applicable Borrower’s election in connection with any prepayment of Revolving Loans pursuant to this Section 5.01 , such prepayment shall not, so long as no Default or Event of Default then exists, be applied to any Revolving Loan of a Defaulting Lender, and (iv) prepayments of Bankers’ Acceptance Loans may not be made prior to the maturity date of the underlying Bankers’ Acceptances or B/A Equivalent Notes, as the case may be.
5.02.        Mandatory Repayments; Cash Collateralization . (a) (i) On any day on which any one or more of the following conditions shall exist, the Borrowers shall repay the Loans (other than Bankers’ Acceptance Loans where the underlying B/A Instrument has not matured) and/or cash collateralize outstanding Letters of Credit and Bankers’ Acceptance Loans pursuant to clause (iii) below in such amount as may be required to cause such conditions to cease to exist on such day:
(v)    the Aggregate U.S. Borrower Exposure at such time exceeds 100% (or, during an Agent Advance Period, 105%) of the U.S. Borrowing Base at such time;

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(w)    the Aggregate Canadian Borrower Exposure at such time exceeds 100% (or, during an Agent Advance Period, 105%) of the Canadian Borrowing Base at such time;
(x)    the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure at such time exceeds the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time;
(y)    the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure at such time exceeds the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time; and/or
(z)    the aggregate Letter of Credit Outstandings at such time exceed the Maximum Letter of Credit Amount.
(ii)    In connection with any repayment and/or cash collateralization required pursuant to Section 5.02(a)(i) on any day, the Borrowers shall prepay the Loans in the following order:
(A)    in the case of a repayment and/or cash collateralization required pursuant to Section 5.02(a)(i)(v) on any day, the U.S. Borrowers shall repay on such day the principal of outstanding U.S. Borrower Swingline Loans and, after all U.S. Borrower Swingline Loans have been repaid in full or if no U.S. Borrower Swingline Loans are outstanding, U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans ( each such repayment shall be applied to the U.S. Facility Revolving Loans and the U.S. Borrower Canadian Facility Revolving Loans on a pro rata basis ), in each case in such amount as may be required to cause the conditions giving rise to such mandatory repayment requirement to cease to exist on such day,
(B)    in the case of a repayment and/or cash collateralization required pursuant to Section 5.02(a)(i)(w) on any day, the Canadian Borrowers shall repay on such day the principal of outstanding Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans and, after all Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans have been repaid in full or if no Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans are outstanding, Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans (other than Bankers’ Acceptance Loans where the underlying B/A Instrument has not matured), in each case in such amount as may be required to cause the conditions giving rise to such mandatory repayment requirement to cease to exist on such day,
(C) in the case of a repayment and/or cash collateralization required pursuant to Section 5.02(a)(i)(x) on any day, the U.S. Borrowers shall repay on such day the principal of outstanding U.S. Facility Swingline Loans and, after all U.S. Facility Swingline Loans have been repaid in full or if no U.S. Facility Swingline Loans are outstanding, U.S. Facility Revolving Loans, in each case in such amount as may be required to cause the conditions giving rise to such mandatory repayment requirement to cease to exist on such day, and
(D) in the case of a repayment and/or cash collateralization required pursuant to Section 5.02(a)(i)(y) on any day, the Borrowers shall repay on such day the principal of their respective outstanding Canadian Facility Swingline Loans and,

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after all Canadian Facility Swingline Loans have been repaid in full or if no Canadian Facility Swingline Loans are outstanding, Canadian Facility Revolving Loans (other than Bankers’ Acceptance Loans where the underlying B/A Instrument has not matured), in each case in such amount as may be required to cause the conditions giving rise to such mandatory repayment requirement to cease to exist on such day.
(iii)    If the conditions set forth in Section 5.02(a)(i) (x) or (y) exist or, after giving effect to the prepayment of all Loans under a Facility (other than Bankers’ Acceptance Loans where the underlying B/A Instrument has not matured), the conditions set forth in Section 5.02(a)(i) continue to exist, the respective Borrowers shall pay to the Administrative Agent at the Payment Office on such day an amount of cash and/or Permitted Investments equal to 105% of the amount of such excess, such cash and/or Permitted Investments to be held as security for all Obligations of the Borrowers to the Issuing Lenders and the Lenders, in each case, under such Facility hereunder in a cash collateral account to be established by, and under the sole dominion and control of, the Administrative Agent (and which cash and/or Permitted Investments may, without limiting the Borrowers’ obligations in respect thereof, be paid to and applied by such Issuing Lenders in satisfaction of the Obligations of the Borrowers to such Issuing Lenders and/or Lenders in respect of any Drawings made under any Letter of Credit under such Facility issued for the account of a Borrower or such Bankers’ Acceptance Loans under such Facility on the respective maturity dates thereof).
(b)    In addition to any other mandatory repayments pursuant to this Section 5.02 the U.S. Facility Revolving Loans or the Canadian Facility Revolving Loans, as the case may be, shall be prepaid within one Business Day following the date of receipt of any Net Cash Proceeds from any Significant Asset Sale by an amount equal to such Net Cash Proceeds from ABL Priority Collateral of such Significant Asset Sale; provided that (x) Net Cash Proceeds from any Significant Asset Sale made by a Canadian Subsidiary shall only be applied to Loans borrowed by the Canadian Borrowers and (y) Net Cash Proceeds from any Significant Asset Sale made by a AbitibiBowater Resolute or a U.S. Subsidiary shall only be applied to Loans borrowed by the U.S. Borrowers .
(c)    In addition to any other mandatory repayments pursuant to this Section 5.02 , on the Revolving Loan Maturity Date, (i) all then outstanding Loans shall be repaid in full and the respective Borrowers shall pay to the Administrative Agent at the Payment Office on such day an amount of cash and/or Permitted Investments, or provide backup letters of credit to the Administrative Agent in a face amount equal to 103% of the amount of such excess, such cash and/or Permitted Investments to be held as security for all Obligations of the applicable Borrower to the applicable Issuing Lenders and Lenders hereunder in a cash collateral account to be established by, and under the sole dominion and control of, the Administrative Agent (and which cash and/or Permitted Investments may, without limiting the Borrowers’ obligations in respect thereof, be paid to and applied by such Issuing Lenders and/or Lenders in satisfaction of the Obligations of the Borrowers to such Issuing Lenders and/or Lenders in respect of any Drawings made under any Letter of Credit issued for the account of a Borrower or such Bankers’ Acceptance Loan on the respective maturity dates thereof).

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(d)    In addition to any other mandatory repayments pursuant to this Section 5.02 , each Swingline Loan under a Facility will be repaid (for the avoidance of doubt, such repayment may be made with proceeds from Revolving Loans under such Facility incurred by the same Borrower), no later than the seventh day following the incurrence thereof; provided that, if the seventh day is not a Business Day, such repayment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day.
5.03.     Method and Place of Payment; Deposits and Accounts . (a) Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, all payments under this Agreement and under any Note shall be made to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lender or Lenders entitled thereto not later than 1:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the date when due and shall be made in (x) U.S. Dollars in immediately available funds at the Payment Office in respect of any obligation of the Borrowers under this Agreement except as otherwise provided in the immediately following clause (y) or (y) Canadian Dollars in immediately available funds at the Payment Office, if such payment is made in respect of (i) principal of, or Face Amount of, or interest on Canadian Dollar Denominated Loans or (ii) any Unpaid Drawings denominated in Canadian Dollars or (iii) any increased costs, indemnities or other amounts owing with respect to Canadian Dollar Denominated Loans (including, without limitation, pursuant to Sections 2.10 , 2.11, 3.06 , 5.04 , 12.06 , 13.01 and 13.06 ). Whenever any payment to be made hereunder or under any Note shall be stated to be due on a day which is not a Business Day, the due date thereof shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day and, with respect to payments of principal, interest shall be payable at the applicable rate during such extension.
(b)    Each U.S. Loan Party shall, along with the Collateral Agent, certain financial institutions selected by AbitibiBowater Resolute and reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (the “ U.S. Collection Banks ”), and each of those banks in which each Core U.S. Concentration Account, U.S. Collection Account and other Deposit Account (other than Excluded Accounts, the Note Collateral Account Designated Blocked Accounts and the Specified Collection Accounts) are maintained by each such U.S. Loan Party, enter into, and thereafter maintain, separate Control Agreements in respect of each such Core U.S. Concentration Account, U.S. Collection Account and Deposit Account (other than Excluded Accounts, the Note Collateral Account Designated Blocked Accounts and the Specified Collection Accounts) in compliance with the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements. Each U.S. Loan Party shall instruct all Account Debtors of the U.S. Loan Parties to remit all payments to the applicable “P.O. Boxes” or “Lockbox Addresses” of the applicable U.S. Collection Bank (or to remit such payments to the applicable U.S. Collection Bank by electronic settlement) with respect to all Accounts of such Account Debtor, which remittances shall be collected by the applicable U.S. Collection Bank and deposited in the applicable U.S. Collection Account. All amounts received by any U.S. Loan Party and any U.S. Collection Bank in respect of any Account of an Account Debtor of any U.S. Loan Party, in addition to all other cash received by any U.S. Loan Party from any other source, shall upon receipt be deposited into a U.S. Collection Account or a Core U.S. Concentration Account or, to the extent permitted hereunder in the case of amounts not constituting payments in respect of Accounts of any U.S. Loan Party, an Excluded Account or the Note Collateral Account .
(c)    Each Canadian Loan Party shall, along with the Collateral Agent, certain financial institutions selected by AbitibiBowater Resolute and reasonably acceptable to the Administrative

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Agent (the “ Canadian Collection Banks ”), and each of those banks in which each Core Canadian Concentration Account, Canadian Collection Account and Deposit Account (other than Excluded Accounts, the Note Collateral Account, the CIBC Cash Collateral Account , the Designated Blocked Accounts and the Specified Collection Accounts) are maintained by each such Canadian Loan Party, enter into, and thereafter maintain, separate Control Agreements in respect of each such Core Canadian Concentration Account, Canadian Collection Account and Deposit Account (other than Excluded Accounts, the Note Collateral Account, the CIBC Cash Collateral Account , the Designated Blocked Accounts and the Specified Collection Accounts) in compliance with the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements. Each Canadian Loan Party shall instruct all Account Debtors of the Canadian Loan Parties to remit all payments to the applicable “P.O. Boxes” or “Lockbox Addresses” of the applicable Canadian Collection Bank (or to remit such payments to the applicable Canadian Collection Bank by electronic settlement) with respect to all Accounts of such Account Debtor, which remittances shall be collected by the applicable Canadian Collection Bank and deposited in the applicable Canadian Collection Account. All amounts received by any Canadian Loan Party and any Canadian Collection Bank in respect of any Account of an Account Debtor of any Canadian Loan Party, in addition to all other cash received by any Canadian Loan Party from any other source, shall upon receipt be deposited into a Canadian Collection Account, a Core Canadian Concentration Account or, to the extent permitted hereunder in the case of amounts not constituting payments in respect of Accounts of any Canadian Loan Party, an Excluded Account or the Note Collateral Account or the CIBC Cash Collateral Account.
(d)      Each English Loan Party shall, along with the Collateral Agent, certain financial institutions selected by Resolute and reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (the “English Collection Banks”), and each of those banks in which each English Collection Account and Deposit Account (other than Excluded Accounts and the Specified Collection Accounts) are maintained by each such English Loan Party, enter into, and thereafter maintain, separate Control Agreements in respect of each such English Collection Account and Deposit Account (other than Excluded Accounts and the Specified Collection Accounts) in compliance with the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements. Each English Loan Party shall instruct all Account Debtors of the English Loan Parties to remit all payments to the applicable “P.O. Boxes” or “Lockbox Addresses” of the applicable English Collection Bank (or to remit such payments to the applicable English Collection Bank by electronic settlement) with respect to all Accounts of such Account Debtor, which remittances shall be collected by the applicable English Collection Bank and deposited in the applicable English Collection Account. All amounts received by any English Loan Party and any English Collection Bank in respect of any Account of an Account Debtor of any English Loan Party, in addition to all other cash received by any English Loan Party from any other source, shall upon receipt be deposited into an English Collection Account or, to the extent permitted hereunder in the case of amounts not constituting payments in respect of Accounts of any English Loan Party, an Excluded Account.
( d e )    (i) All amounts deposited or held in all of the U.S. Collection Accounts with respect to each U.S. Loan Party and available for transfer (other than amounts which are payable to Subsidiaries or Affiliates of AbitibiBowater Resolute that are not Loan Parties and which were sent or deposited to the incorrect lockbox or deposit account by the account debtor) shall be transferred not less frequently than once per Business Day week (it being understood that any amounts deposited in a

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U.S. Collection Account after such daily weekly transfer has occurred shall be transferred on the following Business Day), or, solely in the case of amounts held in the U.S. Collection Accounts set forth on Schedule 5.03(d), not less frequently than weekly, week) into one or more accounts with the Administrative Agent or a financial institution reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (each a “Core U.S. Concentration Account” and collectively, the “Core U.S. Concentration Accounts”) unless such amounts are otherwise required or permitted to be applied pursuant to Section 5.02 ; provided , however , that so long as no Dominion Period then exists, the Borrowers shall be permitted to retain in each U.S. Collection Account funds in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time the sum of (x) the amount required (as reasonably determined by AbitibiBowater Resolute ) to satisfy the payment of outstanding obligations owing in respect of checks or similar obligations issued by any U.S. Loan Party with respect to such U.S . Collection Account plus (y) $ 100,000 1,000,000 ( provided that the aggregate amount of funds retained in all U.S. Collection Accounts pursuant to this clause (y) shall not exceed $ 500,000 5,000,000 at any time) and , (ii) all amounts deposited or held in all of the Canadian Collection Accounts with respect to each Canadian Loan Party and available for transfer shall be transferred not less frequently than once per Business Day week (it being understood that any amounts deposited in a Canadian Collection Account after such daily weekly transfer has occurred shall be transferred on the following Business Day), or, solely in the case of amounts held in the Canadian Collection Accounts set forth on Schedule 5.03(d), not less frequently than weekly, week) into one or more accounts with the Administrative Agent or a financial institution reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (each a “Core Canadian Concentration Account” and collectively, the “Core Canadian Concentration Accounts”) unless such amounts are otherwise required or permitted to be applied pursuant to Section 5.02 ; provided , however , that so long as no Dominion Period then exists, the Borrowers shall be permitted to retain in each Canadian Collection Account funds in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time the sum of (x) the amount required (as reasonably determined by AbitibiBowater Resolute ) to satisfy the payment of outstanding obligations owing in respect of checks or similar obligations issued by any Canadian Loan Party with respect to such Canadian Collection Account plus (y) $ 100,000 1,000,000 ( provided that the aggregate amount of funds retained in all Canadian Collection Accounts pursuant to this clause (y) shall not exceed $ 700,000 7,000,000 at any time). Except as, and to the extent, permitted by this Section 5.03( d e ) , and Section 10 each Collection Account (other than English Collection Accounts) shall have a zero balance immediately following the transfer of funds pursuant to the immediately preceding sentences. So long as no Dominion Period then exists, the Borrowers and the other Loan Parties shall be permitted to transfer cash from the Core Concentration Accounts and from the English Collection Accounts to other Deposit Accounts to be used for working capital and general corporate purposes all subject to the requirements of this Agreement (including this Section 5.03( d e ) ). If a Dominion Period exists, all collected amounts held in the Core Concentration Accounts shall be applied as provided in Section 5.03( e f), (g ) or ( f g ) , as applicable.
( e f )    Each Control Agreement relating to a Core U.S. Concentration Account shall (unless otherwise agreed by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion) include provisions that allow, during any Dominion Period, for all collected amounts held in such Core U.S. Concentration Account from and after the date requested by the Administrative Agent, to be sent by ACH or wire transfer or similar electronic transfer no less frequently than once per Business Day to one or more accounts maintained by the Administrative Agent at Citibank (or if Citibank is not the

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Administrative Agent, at the institution designated by such successor Administrative Agent) or an affiliate thereof (each a “ Citibank U.S. Account ”). Subject to the terms of the respective Security Document and to Section 11.02(a) , all amounts received in a Citibank U.S. Account during the existence of a Dominion Period shall be applied (and allocated) by the Administrative Agent on a daily basis in the following order (in each case to the extent the Administrative Agent has actual knowledge of the amounts owing or outstanding as described below, and after giving effect to the application of any such amounts constituting proceeds from any Collateral otherwise required to be applied pursuant to the terms of the respective Security Document during the existence of an Event of Default), subject to the provisions of the immediately succeeding sentence (to the extent applicable): (1) first , to the payment (on a ratable basis) of any outstanding Expenses actually due and payable by any U.S. Borrower to the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent under any of the Loan Documents; (2) second , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clause (1) have been paid in full, to pay (on a ratable basis) all outstanding Expenses actually due and payable by any U.S. Borrower to each Issuing Lender under any of the Loan Documents; (3) third , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) and (2) have been paid in full, to pay (on a ratable basis) all accrued and unpaid interest actually due and payable on the U.S. Borrower Loans and then all accrued and unpaid Fees actually due and payable by any U.S. Borrower to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lenders and the Lenders under any of the Loan Documents; (4) fourth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (3), inclusive, have been paid in full, to pay (on a ratable basis) any and all unpaid principal of U.S. Borrower Loans and Unpaid Drawings in respect of Letters of Credit issued for the account of a U.S. Borrower in each case which are then actually due and payable; (5) fifth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (4), inclusive, have been paid in full, to repay or prepay outstanding U.S. Borrower Swingline Loans and to repay or prepay all outstanding U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans advanced by the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.01(e) ; (6)  sixth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (5), inclusive, have been paid in full, to repay (on a ratable basis) the outstanding principal of U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans (whether or not then due and payable), provided that, with respect to each repayment of U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans required by this Section 5.03( e f )(6) , so long as no Event of Default then exists and less than all outstanding U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans would otherwise be required to be repaid pursuant hereto, the U.S. Borrowers may designate the Types of U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans which are to be repaid and, in the case of Eurodollar Loans which are U.S. Borrower Revolving Loans, the specific Borrowing or Borrowings pursuant to which such Eurodollar Loans were made, provided that payments in respect of Eurodollar Loans may with the consent of the Administrative Agent be held as cash collateral until the conclusion of the applicable Interest Period, if so requested by AbitibiBowater Resolute ; (7) seventh , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (6), inclusive, have been paid in full, but only if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and unless otherwise elected by the Required Lenders, to cash collateralize (on a ratable basis) all outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of a U.S. Borrower (such cash collateral to be held by the Administrative Agent while an Event of Default exists in a cash collateral account to be established by, and under the sole dominion and control of, the Administrative Agent and applied to the Obligations of the U.S. Borrowers to the Issuing Lenders and/or Lenders in respect of any Drawings made under any such Letters of Credit or any such Bankers’ Acceptance Loans); (8)  eighth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (7), inclusive, have been paid in full, to pay (on a

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ratable basis) all other outstanding Obligations of any U.S. Borrower then due and payable to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Lenders under any of the Loan Documents; and (9) ninth , to the U.S. Borrowers; provided that, with respect to any payments or cash collateralization required to be applied (or allocated) pursuant to preceding clauses (1) through (8), in each case, to the extent the outstanding Obligations under any such clause constitutes outstanding Obligations under more than one Facility, any such payments or cash collateralization shall be applied (or allocated) under such clause to the outstanding Obligations under each Facility on a pro rata basis based upon the outstanding Obligations with respect to such Facility under such clause. Each U.S. Loan Party agrees that it will not cause any proceeds of any Core Concentration Account to be otherwise redirected.
( f g )    Each Control Agreement relating to a Core Canadian Concentration Account shall (unless otherwise agreed by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion) include provisions that allow, during any Dominion Period, for all collected amounts held in such Core Canadian Concentration Account from and after the date requested by the Administrative Agent, to be sent by ACH or wire transfer or similar electronic transfer no less frequently than once per Business Day to one or more accounts maintained by the Administrative Agent at Citibank, N.A., Canadian Branch (or if Citibank is not the Administrative Agent, at a Canadian institution designated by such successor Administrative Agent) or an affiliate thereof (each a “ Citibank Canadian Account ”). Subject to the terms of the respective Security Document and to Section 11.02(a) , all amounts received in a Citibank Canadian Account during the existence of a Dominion Period shall be applied (and allocated) by the Administrative Agent on a daily basis in the following order (in each case to the extent the Administrative Agent has actual knowledge of the amounts owing or outstanding as described below, and after giving effect to the application of any such amounts constituting proceeds from any Collateral otherwise required to be applied pursuant to the terms of the respective Security Document during the existence of an Event of Default), subject to the provisions of the immediately succeeding sentence (to the extent applicable): (1) first , to the payment (on a ratable basis) of any outstanding Expenses actually due and payable by any Canadian Borrower to the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent under any of the Loan Documents; (2) second , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clause (1) have been paid in full, to pay (on a ratable basis) all outstanding Expenses actually due and payable by any Canadian Borrower to each Issuing Lender under any of the Loan Documents; (3) third , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) and (2) have been paid in full, to pay (on a ratable basis) all accrued and unpaid interest actually due and payable on the Canadian Borrower Loans and then all accrued and unpaid Fees actually due and payable by any Canadian Borrower to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lenders and the Lenders under any of the Loan Documents; (4) fourth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (3), inclusive, have been paid in full, to pay (on a ratable basis) any and all unpaid principal of Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans and Unpaid Drawings in respect of Letters of Credit issued for the account of a Canadian Borrower in each case which are then actually due and payable; (5) fifth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (4), inclusive, have been paid in full, to repay or prepay outstanding Canadian Borrower Swingline Loans and to repay or prepay all outstanding Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans advanced by the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.01(e) ; (6) sixth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (5), inclusive, have been paid in full, to repay (on a ratable basis) the outstanding principal of

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Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans (whether or not then due and payable, but excluding any outstanding Bankers’ Acceptance Loans where the underlying B/A Instrument has not matured), provided that, with respect to each repayment of Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans required by this Section 5.03( f g )(6) , so long as no Event of Default then exists and less than all outstanding Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans would otherwise be required to be repaid pursuant hereto, the Canadian Borrowers may designate the Types of Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans which are to be repaid and, in the case of Eurodollar Loans which are Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans, the specific Borrowing or Borrowings pursuant to which such Eurodollar Loans were made, provided that payments in respect of Eurodollar Loans may with the consent of the Administrative Agent be held as cash collateral until the conclusion of the applicable Interest Period, if so requested by AbitibiBowater Resolute ; (7) seventh , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (6), inclusive, have been paid in full, but only if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and unless otherwise elected by the Required Lenders, to cash collateralize (on a ratable basis) all outstanding Letters of Credit issued for the account of a Canadian Borrower and Bankers’ Acceptance Loans which are Canadian Borrower Revolving Loans where the underlying B/A Instrument has not matured (such cash collateral to be held by the Administrative Agent while an Event of Default exists in a cash collateral account to be established by, and under the sole dominion and control of, the Administrative Agent and applied to the Obligations of the Canadian Borrowers to the Issuing Lenders and/or Lenders in respect of any Drawings made under any such Letters of Credit or Bankers’ Acceptance Loans); (8) eighth , to the extent all amounts referred to in preceding clauses (1) through (7), inclusive, have been paid in full, to pay (on a ratable basis) all other outstanding Obligations of any Canadian Borrower then due and payable to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Lenders under any of the Loan Documents; and (9) ninth , to the Canadian Loan Parties. Each Canadian Loan Party agrees that it will not cause any proceeds of any Core Canadian Concentration Account to be otherwise redirected.
(h)      Each Control Agreement relating to an English Collection Account shall (unless otherwise agreed by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion) include provisions that allow, during any Dominion Period, for all collected amounts held in such English Collection Account from and after the date requested by the Administrative Agent, to be sent by ACH or wire transfer or similar electronic transfer no less frequently than once per Business Day to one or more accounts maintained by the Administrative Agent at Citibank N.A., London (or if Citibank is not the Administrative Agent, at the institution designated by such successor Administrative Agent) or an affiliate thereof (each a “Citibank English Account”). Subject to the terms of the respective Security Document and to Section 11.02(a), all amounts received in a Citibank English Account during the existence of a Dominion Period shall be applied (and allocated) by the Administrative Agent on a daily basis in the order set forth Section 5.03(g) (in each case to the extent the Administrative Agent has actual knowledge of the amounts owing or outstanding as described below, and after giving effect to the application of any such amounts constituting proceeds from any Collateral otherwise required to be applied pursuant to the terms of the respective Security Document during the existence of an Event of Default), subject to the provisions of the immediately succeeding sentence (to the extent applicable).
( g i )    Without limiting the provisions set forth in Section 13.15 , the Administrative Agent shall maintain accounts on its books in the name of each Borrower (collectively, the “ Credit Account ”)

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in which each Borrower will be charged with all loans and advances under each Facility made by the Lenders to the respective Borrower for the respective Borrower’s account, including the Loans, the Letter of Credit Outstandings, and the Fees, Expenses and any other Obligations relating thereto. Each Borrower will be credited, in accordance with this Section 5.03 , with all amounts received by the Lenders from such Borrower or from others for its account, including, as set forth above, all amounts received by the Administrative Agent and applied to the Obligations. In no event shall prior recourse to any Accounts or other Collateral be a prerequisite to the Administrative Agent’s right to demand payment of any Obligation upon its maturity. Further, the Administrative Agent shall have no obligation whatsoever to perform in any respect any of the Borrowers’ or other Loan Parties’ contracts or obligations relating to the Accounts.

5.04.      Designated Blocked Accounts; Borrowing Base Reporting.Any Deposit Account or securities account that is (x) owned by a U.S. Loan Party , (y) maintained with a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender, and (z) subject at all times to a Control Agreement in favor of the Administrative Agent that specifies that such Deposit Account or securities account is and shall be under the sole control of the Administrative Agent, and that the Administrative Agent shall be the only Person authorized to give instructions in respect of the withdrawal of funds or other assets credited to such Deposit Account or securities account (each such Control Agreement, a “Blocked Control Agreement”) may be designated as a “U.S. Designated Blocked Account” by Resolute by identifying such Deposit Account or securities account as a “U.S. Designated Blocked Account” in a written notice signed by a Responsible Officer of Resolute and delivered to the Administrative Agent at the time any such Blocked Control Agreement is entered into by such Loan Party, the applicable Lender or Affiliate thereof and the Administrative Agent (each such Deposit Account and/or securities account, a “U.S. Designated Blocked Account”). Notwithstanding anything herein or in any Security Document to the contrary, at no time shall (A) any U.S. Designated Blocked Account constitute an Excluded Account or (B) any Deposit Account or securities account constitute a U.S. Designated Blocked Account unless a Blocked Control Agreement is in effect with respect to such Deposit Account.     
(b)      Any Deposit Account or securities account that is (x) owned by a Canadian Loan Party, (y) maintained with a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender, and (z) subject at all times to a Blocked Control Agreement may be designated as a “Canadian Designated Blocked Account” by Resolute by identifying such Deposit Account or securities account as a “Canadian Designated Blocked Account” in a written notice signed by a Responsible Officer of Resolute and delivered to the Administrative Agent at the time any such Blocked Control Agreement is entered into by such Canadian Loan Party, the applicable Lender or Affiliate thereof and the Administrative Agent (each such Deposit Account and/or securities account, a “Canadian Designated Blocked Account”). Notwithstanding anything herein or in any Security Document to the contrary, at no time shall (A) any Canadian Designated Blocked Account constitute an Excluded Account or (B) any Deposit Account or securities account constitute a Canadian Designated Blocked Account unless a Blocked Control Agreement is in effect with respect to such Deposit Account.
(c)      Any Deposit Account or securities account that is (x) owned by an English Loan Party, (y) maintained with a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender, and (z) subject at all times to a Blocked

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Control Agreement may be designated as an “English Designated Blocked Account” by Resolute by identifying such Deposit Account or securities account as an “English Designated Blocked Account” in a written notice signed by a Responsible Officer of Resolute and delivered to the Administrative Agent at the time any such Blocked Control Agreement is entered into by such English Loan Party, the applicable Lender or Affiliate thereof and the Administrative Agent (each such Deposit Account and/or securities account, an “English Designated Blocked Account”). Notwithstanding anything herein or in any Security Document to the contrary, at no time shall (A) any English Designated Blocked Account constitute an Excluded Account or (B) any Deposit Account or securities account constitute an English Designated Blocked Account unless a Blocked Control Agreement is in effect with respect to such Deposit Account.
(d)      The Administrative Agent hereby agrees that, notwithstanding any provision of any Blocked Control Agreement to the contrary, and in no way effecting the Administrative Agent’s “control” thereunder as described therein, it shall consent to (i) the investment of the funds on deposit in such Designated Blocked Account in Permitted Investments of the type described in clause (a) of the definition thereof, as directed from time to time by the Loan Party owning such Designated Blocked Account and (ii) the withdrawal by any Loan Party that owns a Designated Blocked Account of cash from such Designated Blocked Account at any time that (x) a Financial Officer of Resolute delivers an updated Borrowing Base Certificate to the Administrative Agent reflecting only the adjustments for such withdrawal and calculated on a pro forma basis after giving effect to all such withdrawals to be made at such time, and such Borrowing Base Certificate shall be the most recently delivered Borrowing Base Certificate for all purposes under this Agreement until the delivery of the next Borrowing Base Certificate in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, (y) a Responsible Officer of Resolute delivers a certificate to the Administrative Agent certifying that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing both immediately before and after giving effect to such withdrawal, and (z) such Borrowing Base Certificate delivered pursuant to clause (x) above shall demonstrate that Excess Availability would be not less than the Compliance Amount after giving effect to such withdrawal.
(e)      The Administrative Agent hereby agrees that at any time that any Loan Party deposits additional cash into any Designated Blocked Account during any interim period for which a monthly Borrowing Base Certificate is not required to be delivered a Financial Officer of Resolute may deliver an updated Borrowing Base Certificate to the Administrative Agent, calculated on a pro forma basis after giving effect to all such deposits, in accordance with reporting requirements for a Weekly Borrowing Base Period, and such Borrowing Base Certificate shall be the most recently delivered Borrowing Base Certificate for all purposes under this Agreement until the delivery of the next Borrowing Base Certificate in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

5.04 5.05 .     Net Payments; Taxes . (a) (i) All payments made by the Borrowers and the other Loan Parties hereunder and under any other Loan Document will be made without setoff, counterclaim or other defense.
(ii)    Except as provided in Section  5.04 5.05 (b) , all payments made by or on account of any obligation of the Loan Parties hereunder and under any other Loan Document will be

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made free and clear of, and without deduction or withholding for, any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, fees, assessments or other charges of whatever nature now or hereafter imposed by any jurisdiction or by any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein with respect to such payments, including all interest, penalties or similar liabilities with respect thereto but excluding (u) those certain taxes described in Section 13.01(a)(ii) , which shall be governed solely by the provisions of such Section, and, except as provided in the second succeeding sentence, with respect to any Agent, any Lender or any other recipient of any payment to be made by or on account of any obligation of any Borrower hereunder, (v) taxes imposed on or measured by its net income (however denominated), taxes imposed on or measured by its capital and franchise taxes imposed on or measured by its gross or net income or receipts and backup withholding taxes, in each case by the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision thereof) under the laws of which such recipient is organized, is resident for tax purposes or is doing business (otherwise than by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), or in which its principal office or applicable lending office is located, (w) any branch profits taxes imposed by the United States or any similar tax imposed by any other jurisdiction, (x) in the case of a Foreign Lender (other than an assignee pursuant to a request by a Borrower under Section 2.13) , any withholding tax that is imposed on amounts payable to such Foreign Lender at the time such Lender becomes a party hereto (or designates a new lending office), except to the extent that such Foreign Lender (or its assignor, if any) was entitled, at the time of designation of a new lending office (or assignment), to receive additional amounts from a Borrower with respect to such withholding pursuant to Section  5.04 5.05 (a), (y) any withholding tax that is attributable to a Foreign Lender’s failure to comply with Section  5.04 5.05 (b) or (c) or willfully providing incorrect, false or misleading statements with respect thereto and (z) any withholding tax imposed pursuant to FATCA, and all interest, penalties or similar liabilities with respect thereto (all such non-excluded taxes, levies, imposts, duties, fees, assessments or other charges being referred to collectively as “ Taxes ”). If any Taxes are so levied or imposed, the respective Borrower and any other Loan Party making the respective payment or which has guaranteed the obligations of the relevant Borrower jointly or severally agree to pay the full amount of such Taxes, and such additional amounts as may be necessary so that every payment of all amounts due under this Agreement or under any other Loan Document, after withholding or deduction for or on account of any Taxes, will not be less than the amount provided for herein or in such other Loan Documents. If, pursuant to the preceding sentence, any additional amounts are payable in respect of Taxes, the respective Borrower and any other Loan Party making the respective payment or which has guaranteed the obligations of the relevant Borrower jointly and severally agree to reimburse each affected Lender, upon the written request of such Lender, for any taxes imposed on such Lender as a result of the payment of such additional amounts and which are measured by the net income of such Lender pursuant to the laws of the jurisdiction in which such Lender is organized or in which the principal office or applicable lending office of such Lender is located or under the laws of any political subdivision or taxing authority of any such jurisdiction in which such Lender is organized or in which the principal office or applicable lending office of such Lender is located and for any withholding of taxes as such Lender shall determine are payable by, or withheld from, such Lender, in respect of such amounts so paid to or on behalf of such Lender pursuant to the preceding sentence and in respect of any amounts paid to or on behalf

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of such Lender pursuant to this sentence. The respective Borrower (or other Loan Party) will furnish to the Administrative Agent within 45 days after the date the payment of any Taxes is due pursuant to applicable law certified copies of tax receipts evidencing such payment by such Borrower (or other Loan Party) or other evidence of such payment reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent. Subject to Section 14.07 , (i) the U.S. Borrowers (jointly and severally) agree (and the applicable U.S. Subsidiary Guarantors agree), to indemnify and hold harmless each U.S. Facility Lender and (ii) the U.S. Borrowers (jointly and severally) or the Canadian Borrowers (jointly and severally), as applicable, agree (and the applicable Subsidiary Guarantors agree) to indemnify and hold harmless each Canadian Facility Lender, and, in each case, reimburse such Lender upon its written request (which written request shall show in reasonable detail the basis for calculation of any such additional amount), for the amount of any Taxes so levied or imposed and paid by such Lender.
(b)    Each Lender as of the date hereof that is not a United States person (as such term is defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) for U.S. Federal income tax purposes agrees to deliver to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, on or prior to the Closing Date (i) two accurate and complete original signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY, Form W-8ECI or Form W-8BEN (with respect to a partial or complete exemption under an income tax treaty) (or successor forms) certifying to such Lender’s entitlement as of such date to a partial or complete exemption from United States withholding tax with respect to payments to be made by the U.S. Borrowers under this Agreement and under any Note, or (ii) if the Lender is not a “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code and cannot deliver either Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY, Form W‑8ECI or Form W-8BEN (with respect to a complete exemption under an income tax treaty) pursuant to clause (i) above, (x) a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit K (any such certificate, a “ Section 5.04 5.05 (b)(ii) Certificate ”) and (y) two accurate and complete original signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN (with respect to the portfolio interest exemption) (or successor form) certifying to such Lender’s entitlement as of such date to a complete exemption from United States withholding tax with respect to payments of interest to be made by the U.S. Borrowers under this Agreement and under any Note. In addition, each Lender agrees that from time to time after the Closing Date, when a lapse in time or change in circumstances renders the previous certification obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, such Lender will deliver to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent two new accurate and complete original signed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY, Form W-8ECI, Form W-8BEN (with respect to the benefits of any income tax treaty), or Form W-8BEN (with respect to the portfolio interest exemption) and a Section 5.04 5.05 (b)(ii) Certificate , as the case may be, and such other forms as may be required in order to confirm or establish the entitlement of such Lender to a continued exemption from or reduction in United States withholding tax with respect to payments by the U.S. Borrowers under this Agreement and any Note, or such Lender shall promptly notify AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent of its inability to deliver any such Form or Certificate, in which case such Lender shall not be required to deliver any such Form or Certificate pursuant to this Section 5.04 5.05 (b) . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in to Section 13.04(b) and the immediately succeeding sentence, (x) each U.S. Borrower and the Administrative Agent shall be entitled, to the extent it is required to do so by law, to deduct or

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withhold income or similar taxes imposed by the United States (or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) from interest, Fees or other amounts payable hereunder for the account of any Lender which is not a United States person (as such term is defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) for U.S. Federal income tax purposes to the extent that such Lender has not provided to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent U.S. Internal Revenue Service Forms that establish a complete exemption from such deduction or withholding and (y) each U.S. Borrower shall not be obligated pursuant to Section 5.04 5.05 (a) to gross-up payments to be made to a Lender in respect of income or similar taxes imposed by the United States if (I) such Lender has not provided to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent the Internal Revenue Service Forms required to be provided to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent pursuant to this Section  5.04 5.05 (b) or (II) in the case of a payment, other than interest, to a Lender described in clause (ii) above, to the extent that such forms do not establish a complete exemption from withholding of such taxes. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the preceding sentence or elsewhere in this Section 5.04 5.05 and except as set forth in Section 13.04(b) and subject to Section 14.07 , (i) the U.S. Borrowers (jointly and severally) agree (and the applicable U.S. Subsidiary Guarantors agree), to indemnify and hold harmless each U.S. Facility Lender and (ii) the U.S. Borrowers (jointly and severally) or the Canadian Borrowers (jointly and severally), as applicable, agree (and the applicable Subsidiary Guarantors agree) to pay any additional amounts and to indemnify each Lender in the manner set forth in Section 5.04 5.05 (a) (without regard to the identity of the jurisdiction requiring the deduction or withholding) in respect of any amounts deducted or withheld by it as described in the immediately preceding sentence as a result of any changes after the Closing Date in any applicable law, treaty, governmental rule, regulation, guideline or order, or in the interpretation thereof, relating to the deducting or withholding of income or similar taxes.
(c)    Each Canadian Facility Lender agrees to use reasonable efforts (consistent with legal and regulatory restrictions and subject to overall policy considerations of such Canadian Facility Lender) to file any certificate or document or to furnish to the relevant Canadian Borrower any information, in each case, as reasonably requested by such Canadian Borrower that may be necessary to establish any available exemption from, or reduction in the amount of, any Taxes; provided , however , that nothing in this Section 5.04 5.05 (c) shall require a Canadian Facility Lender to disclose any confidential information (including, without limitation, its tax returns or its calculations).
(d)    If an Agent, Lender or Issuing Lender determines, in good faith and in its sole discretion, that it has received a refund of any taxes in respect of or calculated with reference to Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by a Loan Party or with respect to which a Loan Party has paid additional amounts pursuant to this Section 5.04 5.05 , it shall pay over such refund to such Loan Party (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made, or additional amounts paid, by such Loan Party under this Section 5.04 5.05 with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of such Agent, Lender or Issuing Lender (including any Taxes imposed with respect to such refund) as is determined by the Agent, Lender or Issuing Lender in good faith and in its sole discretion, and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund); provided that such Loan Party, upon the request of such Agent, Lender or Issuing Lender, agrees to repay as soon as

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reasonably practicable the amount paid over to such Loan Party (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) to such Agent, Lender or Issuing Lender in the event such Agent, Lender or Issuing Lender is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. This Section shall not be construed to require any Agent, Lender or Issuing Bank to make available its tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes which it deems confidential) to the Loan Parties or any other Person.
(e)    Each Agent and each Lender that is a U.S. person within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code (other than any such person that is treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes) shall deliver to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent on or before the date such Person becomes a party to this Agreement a duly completed United States Internal Revenue Service form W-9 (or successor form) establishing that such Person is not subject to U.S. federal backup withholding.
(f)    Any Lender that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding Tax with respect to payments made under any Loan Document shall deliver to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent, at the time or times reasonably requested by AbitibiBowater Resolute or the Administrative Agent, such properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by applicable law as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding sentence, the completion, execution and submission of such documentation (other than such documentation set forth in Section 5.04 5.05 (b) , (c) , (f) and (e ) and (g ) ) shall not be required if in the Lender’s judgment such completion, execution or submission would subject such Lender to any material unreimbursed cost or expense or would materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of such Lender. Each Lender agrees that if any form or certification it previously delivered expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, it shall update such form or certification or promptly notify AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent in writing of its legal inability to do so.
(g)    If a payment made to a Lender under any Loan Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if such Lender were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Lender shall deliver to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by AbitibiBowater Resolute or the Administrative Agent such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by AbitibiBowater Resolute or the Administrative Agent as may be necessary for AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such Lender has complied with such Lender’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment.
SECTION 6. Conditions Precedent to the Effective Date . The obligations of the Lenders hereunder to make Loans, and the obligation of each Issuing Lender to issue Letters of Credit, on (or after) the Effective Date are subject to the satisfaction (or waiver in accordance with Section 13.12 ) of the following conditions:

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(a)    The Administrative Agent shall have received a favorable written opinion of each of (i) Troutman Sanders LLP, U.S. counsel for the Loan Parties, and Stikeman Elliott LLP, Canadian counsel for the Loan Parties and (ii) such local counsel reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, in each case (A) dated the Effective Date, (B) addressed to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Lenders, and (C) covering such customary legal matters relating to the Loan Documents as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request and in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent. AbitibiBowater and the other Loan Parties hereby instruct their counsel to deliver such opinions.
(b)    The Administrative Agent shall have received (i) a copy of the certificate or articles of incorporation (or equivalent organizational documents), including all amendments thereto, of each Loan Party, and a certificate as to the good standing (or the equivalent thereof) of each Loan Party as of a recent date from such Secretary of State or other Governmental Authority; (ii) a certificate of the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of each Loan Party dated the Effective Date and certifying (A) that attached thereto is a true and complete copy of the by‑laws (or equivalent organizational documents) of such Loan Party as in effect on the Effective Date; (B) that attached thereto is a true and complete copy of resolutions duly adopted by the board of directors or comparable authority of such Loan Party authorizing the Transactions, and that such resolutions have not been modified, rescinded or amended and are in full force and effect, (C) that the certificate or articles of incorporation (or equivalent organizational documents) of such Loan Party have not been amended since the date of the last amendment thereto shown on the certificate of good standing furnished pursuant to clause (i) above, and (D) as to the incumbency and specimen signature of each officer executing any Loan Document on behalf of such Loan Party (and each of the foregoing in sub-clauses (i) and (ii) shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent); (iii) a certificate of another officer as to the incumbency and specimen signature of the Secretary or Assistant Secretary executing the certificate pursuant to clause (ii) above; (iv) a certificate of a Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater dated the Effective Date and certifying that attached thereto is a true and complete copy of the Senior Secured Notes Documents, which shall contain terms that conform to the Plan of Reorganization and are otherwise in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent; and (v) such other documents as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request.
(c)    The Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate, dated the Effective Date and signed by a Financial Officer of and on behalf of AbitibiBowater, confirming compliance with the conditions precedent set forth in Section 7.01 .
(d)    The Administrative Agent shall have received all Fees and other amounts due and payable on or prior to the Effective Date, including, to the extent invoiced, payment or reimbursement of all Fees and expenses (including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of counsel) required to be reimbursed or paid by any Loan Party hereunder or under any other Loan Document or in respect of the execution and delivery of this Agreement.
(e)    The Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall have been satisfied, and the requirements of the covenant set forth in Section 10.14 shall have been satisfied, in each case, based on the most recently available consolidated financial statements of AbitibiBowater. The Administrative Agent

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shall have received a completed Perfection Certificate, dated the Effective Date and duly executed by a Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater, together with all attachments contemplated thereby.
(f)    None of the Mortgaged Properties shall be subject to any Lien other than those expressly permitted under Section 10.02 and other encumbrances permitted by the relevant Mortgage.
(g)    The Administrative Agent shall have received copies of, or an insurance broker’s or agent’s certificate as to coverage under, the insurance policies required by Section 9.02 and the applicable provisions of the Security Documents, each of which policies shall be endorsed or otherwise amended to include a loss payable endorsement with respect to the Collateral and to name the Collateral Agent as additional insured, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(h)    The Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate, dated the Effective Date and signed by a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater, certifying that as of the Effective Date, AbitibiBowater and its Subsidiaries have not incurred any material liabilities not reflected in the pro forma consolidated balance sheet included in the Disclosure Statement, other than liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business.
(i)    The Administrative Agent shall have received a solvency certificate from a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater in the form of Exhibit F hereto dated the Effective Date.
(j)     The Disclosure Statement shall be reasonably satisfactory to each of the Lead Arrangers (it being understood that the Disclosure Statement filed with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court on August 2, 2010 is satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers) and shall have been approved by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court.
(k)     The Plan of Reorganization and all other related documentation shall be satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers with respect to any portions of the Plan of Reorganization or any other related documents that directly relate to this Agreement, and reasonably satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers in all other respects (it being understood that the Plan filed with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court on August 2, 2010 is satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers).
(l)     The U.S. Bankruptcy Court shall have entered an order confirming the Plan of Reorganization, which order (the “ Confirmation Order ”) shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers with respect to any portions of such order that directly relate to this Agreement, and reasonably satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers in all other respects, which order shall be in full force and effect, unstayed, final and non-appealable (except with respect to those appeals and other filings by Peter I. Shah), and shall not have been modified or amended without the written consent of the Lead Arrangers, reversed or vacated. The effective date of the Plan of Reorganization shall have occurred (and all conditions precedent thereto as set forth therein shall have been satisfied (or shall be concurrently satisfied) or waived pursuant to the terms of the Plan of Reorganization (the waiver thereof (except for a waiver of the requirement in Section 7.2(b) of the Plan of Reorganization that the Confirmation Order be a Final Order (as defined in the Plan of Reorganization)) having been approved by the Lead Arrangers), and the substantial

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consummation (as defined in Section 1101 of the Bankruptcy Code) of the Plan of Reorganization in accordance with its terms shall have occurred.
(m)    The CCAA Plan and all other related documentation, including all material documents and vesting and other orders of the Canadian Bankruptcy Court required to implement the Restructuring Transactions, (i) shall be satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers with respect to any portions of the CCAA Plan that directly relate to this Agreement, and reasonably satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers in all other respects (it being understood that the second amended and restated CCAA Plan dated November 1, 2010 and filed with the Canadian Bankruptcy Court is satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers), and (ii) all conditions precedent to the effectiveness of the CCAA Plan as set forth therein shall have been satisfied or waived (the waiver thereof having been approved by the Lead Arrangers), and the implementation of the CCAA Plan in accordance with its terms shall have occurred.
(n)    The Sanction Order shall be in full force and effect, unstayed, final and non-appealable and shall not have been modified or amended without the written consent of the Lead Arrangers (not to be unreasonably withheld with respect to any portions of the Sanction Order that do not directly relate to this Agreement), reversed or vacated.
(o)    Except as disclosed in the Disclosure Statement, since December 31, 2009 there shall not have been any event, occurrence, development or state of circumstances or facts that has had or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(p)    The repayment in cash in full or satisfaction in full of all amounts outstanding under the DIP Facilities (as expressly contemplated by the CCAA Plan with respect to the DIP Facilities) and the termination of the DIP Facilities and the release of all liens and security interests securing the same.
(q)    The Administrative Agent shall have received evidence satisfactory to it of the termination and/or release of all Liens and security interests securing the Prepetition Secured Facilities.
(r)    Consolidated EBITDA shall be not less than (i) in the event the Effective Date occurs prior to October 20, 2010, $72,000,000 and (ii) if the Effective Date occurs thereafter, $90,000,000, in each case for the most recent three-month period ended not less than 20 days prior to the Effective Date.
(s)    The Administrative Agent shall have received reasonably satisfactory evidence that the conditions to the release from escrow of the proceeds of the Senior Secured Notes shall have been (or will be), substantially simultaneously with the Effective Date, satisfied or waived in accordance with their terms and, on the Effective Date, AbitibiBowater shall have received cash proceeds of (i) not less than $600,000,000 (calculated before underwriting and original issue discounts, commissions, fees and expenses) from the issuance of the Senior Secured Notes and (ii) not less than $900,000,000 from the issuance of Senior Secured Notes, term loans, asset sales, the settlement of AbitibiBowater’s NAFTA claim against the Government of Canada, or other third party debt financing, in each case, on terms and conditions set forth in the Plans and the Disclosure Statement or otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers; provided that if any amounts owing

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in respect of the settlement of AbitibiBowater’s NAFTA claim have not been paid to AbitibiBowater, then the amount owing to AbitibiBowater in respect of such settlement, in addition to amounts paid to AbitibiBowater in respect of such settlement, shall be used to determine compliance with this condition.
(t)    Prior to the fifth day preceding the Effective Date (or such shorter period as may be agreed to by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion), the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent shall have received (i) a Borrowing Base Certificate as at a date not earlier than the date occurring on the 55th day preceding the Effective Date (the “ Effective Date Borrowing Base Certificate ”) and (ii) (x) an appraisal of the Inventory of the Borrowers from Hilco Appraisal Services, LLC and (y) a collateral examination of the Accounts and related assets and liabilities of the Borrowers from Protiviti Inc. and, in each case, the results of such appraisal and collateral examination shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent.
(u)    On the Effective Date and after giving effect to the incurrence of Loans, the issuance of Letters of Credit and occurrence of all payments and transfers to be effected on or as of the Effective Date, including all such payments and transfers contemplated by the Plan of Reorganization, the sum of (i) Excess Availability and (ii) the Loan Parties’ unrestricted cash, unrestricted cash equivalents and the unpaid amount owing to AbitibiBowater in respect of the settlement of its NAFTA claim shall be not less than $350,000,000.
(v)    The Closing Date shall have occurred.
(w)    On or prior to the Effective Date, there shall have been delivered to the Administrative Agent for the account of each of the Lenders that has requested same the appropriate Revolving Notes executed by the appropriate Borrowers and if requested by the any Swingline Lender, the appropriate Swingline Note executed by the appropriate Borrowers, in each case, in the applicable amount, maturity and as otherwise provided herein.
(x)    Prior to the fifth Business Day preceding the Effective Date, the Agents shall have received from the Loan Parties, to the extent requested, all documentation and other information required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act.
(y)    The Insurance Policy shall be in full force and effect.
SECTION 7. Conditions Precedent to All Credit Events . The obligation of each Lender to make Loans (including Loans made on the Effective Date), and the obligation of each Issuing Lender to issue Letters of Credit (including Letters of Credit issued on the Effective Date), is subject, at the time of the Effective Date and at the time of each such Credit Event (except as hereinafter indicated), to the satisfaction of the following conditions:
7.01.     No Default; Representations and Warranties . At the time of each such Credit Event and also after giving effect thereto (i) there shall exist no Default or Event of Default; (ii) all representations and warranties contained herein and in the other Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects with the same effect as though such representations and warranties had been

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made on the date of such Credit Event (it being understood and agreed that (x) any representation or warranty which by its terms is made as of a specified date shall be required to be true and correct in all material respects only as of such specified date and (y) any representation or warranty that is qualified as to “materiality”, “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language shall be true and correct in all respects on such date); and (iii) such Credit Event shall not violate any applicable law or regulation and no order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority shall purport to enjoin or restrain such Credit Event.
7.02.     Notice of Borrowing; Letter of Credit Request . (a) Prior to the making of each Loan (other than a Swingline Loan or a Revolving Loan made pursuant to a Mandatory Borrowing), the Administrative Agent shall have received a Notice of Borrowing meeting the requirements of Section 2.03(a) . Prior to the making of each Swingline Loan, the applicable Swingline Lender shall have received the notice referred to in Section 2.03(b)(i) and shall have complied with its obligation set forth in the second sentence of Section 2.03(b)(iii) .
(b)    Prior to the issuance of each Letter of Credit, the Administrative Agent and the respective Issuing Lender shall have received a Letter of Credit Request meeting the requirements of Section 3.03(a) .
7.03.     Borrowing Base and Commitment Limitations . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein (but subject to Section 2.01(e) ), it shall be a condition precedent to each Credit Event that after giving effect thereto (and the use of the proceeds thereof):
(i)    the Aggregate U.S. Borrower Exposure would not exceed the U.S. Borrowing Base at such time;
(ii)    the Aggregate Canadian Borrower Exposure would not exceed the Canadian Borrowing Base at such time;
(iii)    the Aggregate U.S. Facility Exposure at such time would not exceed the Total U.S. Facility Commitment at such time;
(iv)    the Aggregate Canadian Facility Exposure at such time would not exceed the Total Canadian Facility Commitment at such time; and
(v)    the aggregate Letter of Credit Outstandings would not exceed the Maximum Letter of Credit Amount.
The acceptance of the benefits of each Credit Event shall constitute a representation and warranty by AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers to the Administrative Agent and each of the Lenders that all the conditions specified in Section 6 (with respect to Credit Events on the Effective Date) and in this Section 7 (with respect to Credit Events on or after the Effective Date) and applicable to such Credit Event are satisfied as of that time.
SECTION 8. Representations and Warranties . In order to induce the Lenders to enter into this Agreement and to make the Loans, and issue (or participate in) the Letters of Credit as provided

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herein, each of AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers makes the following representations and warranties, all of which shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Notes and the making of the Loans and the issuance of the Letters of Credit, with the occurrence of the Closing Date, the Effective Date and each Credit Event on or after the Effective Date being deemed to constitute a representation and warranty that the matters specified in this Section 8 are true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Closing Date, the Effective Date and on the date of each such other Credit Event (it being understood and agreed that any representation or warranty which by its terms is made as of a specified date shall be required to be true and correct in all material respects only as of such specified date).
8.01.     Organization; Powers . Each of the Loan Parties (a) is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (or its equivalent, to the extent that such concept is applicable in the respective jurisdiction) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, (b) has all requisite power and authority to own its property and assets and to carry on its business as now conducted, (c) is qualified to do business in every jurisdiction where such qualification is required by the nature of its business, the character and location of its property, business or customers, or the ownership or leasing of its properties, except for such jurisdictions in which the failure so to qualify, in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and (d) has the requisite power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under each of the Loan Documents and each other agreement or instrument contemplated thereby to which it is or will be a party and, in the case of each Borrower, to borrow hereunder.
8.02.     Authorization; Absence of Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by each of the Loan Parties of each of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, the Borrowings hereunder, the use of the proceeds of the Loans, the creation of the security interests contemplated by the Security Documents and the other transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents (collectively, the “ Transactions ”) (a) have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate or other organizational and, if required, stockholder action and (b) will not (i) violate (A) any provision of applicable law, statute, rule or regulation, other than any law, statute, rule or regulation the violation of which could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or of the certificate of incorporation or other constitutive documents or by‑laws (or equivalent organizational documents) of any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries, (B) any applicable and material order of any Governmental Authority or (C) any provision of any material indenture or other material agreement or other material instrument to which any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them or any of their property is or may be bound, (ii) constitute (alone or with notice or lapse of time or both) a default under any such indenture, agreement or other instrument or give rise to any rights thereunder to require any payment, repurchase or redemption to be made by any Loan Party, or give rise to a right of, or result in, any termination, cancellation, acceleration or right of renegotiation of any obligation thereunder, or (iii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien (other than any Lien created hereunder or under the Security Documents) upon or with respect to any property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired by any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries.
8.03.     Enforceability . This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by AbitibiBowater Resolute and each other Borrower and constitutes, and each other Loan Document

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when executed and delivered by each Loan Party that is party thereto will constitute, a legal, valid and binding obligation of AbitibiBowater Resolute , each other Borrower and the other Loan Parties, as applicable, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms (except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity (whether enforcement is sought by proceeding in equity or at law)).
8.04.     Governmental Approvals . No action, consent or approval of, registration or filing with or any other action by any Governmental Authority is or will be required in connection with (i) the Transactions or (ii) the execution, delivery and performance of any Loan Document, except for (a) the filing of UCC and PPSA financing statements and similar security or collateral filings and registrations under applicable laws in other jurisdictions, (b) recordation of the Mortgages, (c) filings with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office, (d) the entry by the Bankruptcy Court and the Canadian Bankruptcy Court of the orders referred to in Section 6 , (e) periodic reports under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and (f ) registration of Security Documents to which any English Guarantor is a party at Companies House, and (g ) such actions, consents, approvals, registrations and filings as have been made or obtained and are in full force and effect.
8.05.     Financial Statements (a) AbitibiBowater Resolute has delivered to the Lenders its audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, together with its annual report on Form 10-K with respect to such fiscal year and its most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q with respect to the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2011, both filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All financial statements set forth or referred to in the materials specified in the preceding sentence were prepared in conformity with GAAP, except, in the case of unaudited financial statements, for the absence of footnote disclosure and for year-end audit adjustments. All such financial statements fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries as at the date thereof and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of such Persons for each of the periods covered thereby. Except as disclosed in such financial statements, neither AbitibiBowater Resolute nor any of its Subsidiaries had at the date of such financial statements any material contingent obligation, material contingent liability or material liability for taxes, long-term lease or unusual forward or long-term commitment or obligations to retired employees for medical or other employee benefits that is not reflected in the foregoing financial statements or the notes thereto.
(b)    As of the Closing Date, the Projections delivered to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders prior to the Closing Date have been prepared in good faith and are based on assumptions that were reasonable as of the date such Projections were prepared.
8.06.     No Material Adverse Effect . Since December 31, 2010 there has been no event or condition that has had, or could reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect.
8.07.     Title to Properties; Possession Under Leases . Except as set forth on Schedule 8.07 or otherwise permitted by Section 10.02 , each of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries has good and marketable title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all its material properties and assets, except for minor defects in title that do not interfere in any material respect with its ability to

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conduct its business as currently conducted. All such title to, or leasehold interest in, material properties and assets are free and clear of Liens, other than Liens expressly permitted by Section 10.02 and Liens with respect to which the Administrative Agent will receive on or prior to the Effective Date duly executed releases and termination statements in connection therewith.
8.08.     Subsidiaries . Schedule 8.08 sets forth as of the Closing Date a list of all the Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute , their jurisdiction of organization and the percentage ownership interest in each Subsidiary held by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute and also identifies which Subsidiaries (i) will be U.S. Borrowers or Canadian Borrowers on the Effective Date or (ii) are Material Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute as of the Closing Date.
8.09.     Litigation; Compliance with Laws . (a) Except as set forth in Schedule 8.09 , there are no actions, suits or proceedings at law or in equity or by or before any Governmental Authority now pending or, to the knowledge of any Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Borrower, threatened in writing against or affecting AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries or any business or property of any such Person that (i) purports to affect the legality, validity or enforceability of any Loan Document or the Transactions or (ii) could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)    None of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and any of their respective Subsidiaries nor any of their respective properties or assets is (i) in violation of, nor will the continued operation of their properties and assets as currently conducted violate, any law, rule, regulation, statute (including any zoning, building, Environmental Laws, ordinance, code or approval or any building permits) in respect of the conduct of its business, the relationship with its employees and the ownership of its property or any restrictions of record or agreements affecting the Mortgaged Properties, where such violations could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) in default with respect to any judgment, writ, injunction, decree or order of, any Governmental Authority, where such defaults, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
8.10.     Federal Reserve Regulations . (a) None of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries is engaged or will engage, principally, or as one of its important activities, in the business of purchasing or carrying Margin Stock or extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying Margin Stock.
(b)    No part of the proceeds of any Loan will be used, whether directly or indirectly, and whether immediately, incidentally or ultimately, (i) to purchase or carry Margin Stock or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying Margin Stock or to refund indebtedness originally incurred for such purpose or (ii) for any purpose that violates the provisions of the Regulations of the Board, including Regulations T, U or X.
(c)    All proceeds of the Loans will be used by the Borrowers to fund amounts payable under the Plans and for working capital, capital expenditures, Permitted Acquisitions and general corporate purposes of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries. All Letters of Credit will be used for the purposes described in Section 3.01(a) .

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8.11.     Investment Company Act . None of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries is an “investment company” as defined in, or is subject to regulation under, the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
8.12.     Tax Returns . Each of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries has filed or caused to be filed all federal, foreign, state, provincial, regional and local income and other tax returns (the “ Returns ”) required to have been filed by it or with respect to it, except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and has paid or caused to be paid all taxes due and payable, except taxes that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which it has set aside on its books adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP, or except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Returns accurately reflect in all respects all liability for taxes of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, as applicable, for the periods covered thereby, except where the failure so to reflect could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
8.13.     No Material Misstatements . The information furnished in writing by or on behalf of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Borrower to any Lead Arranger, any Agent or any Lender in connection with the transactions contemplated in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, when taken as a whole, as of the date such information was so furnished, does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, taken as a whole, not materially misleading, provided that to the extent any such information therein was based upon or constitutes a forecast or projection or pro forma financial information, each of AbitibiBowater Resolute and each Borrower represents only that it acted in good faith and utilized reasonable assumptions, due and careful consideration and the information actually known to Responsible Officers of such Person at the time in the preparation of such information.
8.14.     Employee Benefit Plans . (a) Each Benefit Plan is in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code and all other applicable laws and regulations, except for instances of non-compliance that could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No ERISA Event has occurred or could reasonably be expected to occur that, when taken together with all the other ERISA Events that have occurred or could reasonably be expected to occur, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of determining whether an ERISA Event, by itself or together with other ERISA Events, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, the amounts to be considered relating to a Plan’s or Multiemployer Plan’s funded status or with respect to Withdrawal Liability are changes in or resulting from the following:
(i)    a Benefit Plan’s or Multiemployer Plan’s funded status since the most recent valuation or other statement of financial condition prior to the Closing Date; or
(ii)    Withdrawal Liability with respect to a Multiemployer Plan that exceeds the most recent estimate of Withdrawal Liability for such Multiemployer Plan received before the Closing Date; provided , however , that the Borrowers will, and will cause each of their respective ERISA Affiliates to, make a request with respect to the Multiemployer Plan to

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which it contributes (or has an obligation to contribute) from the administrator or sponsor of such Multiemployer Plan for the notices described in Section 101(l)(1) of ERISA at least annually not later than the anniversary date of the date hereon.
(b)    As of the Closing Date, Schedule 8.14 lists all Canadian Pension Plans currently maintained or contributed to by the Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute . None of the Canadian Pension Plans is a “multi-employer pension plan”, as defined in the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario) or an equivalent plan under the pension standards legislation of any other applicable jurisdiction in Canada. The Canadian Pension Plans which require registration are duly registered under the ITA and all other applicable laws and no event has occurred which is reasonably likely to cause the loss of such registered status. Each Canadian Pension Plan and each Canadian Benefit Plan has been administered, funded and invested, as applicable, in compliance with its terms, the terms of any related funding agreement, any applicable collective bargaining agreement and all laws (including the Canadian Pension Regulations). All employer and employee payments, contributions (“normal cost”, “special payments” and any other payments in respect of any funding deficiencies or shortfalls) or premiums to be remitted, paid to or in respect of each Canadian Pension Plan or Canadian Benefit Plan and all other amounts that are due to the pension fund of a Canadian Pension Plan from the Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute , have been paid or remitted in a timely fashion in accordance with the terms thereof, any funding agreement, any applicable collective bargaining agreement and all laws (including the Canadian Pension Regulations). There have been no improper withdrawals or applications of the assets of the Canadian Pension Plans or the Canadian Benefit Plans. No promises of benefit improvements under the Canadian Pension Plans or the Canadian Benefit Plans have been made except where such improvement could not reasonably be expected to result in a material liability of any Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute . Except as set forth on Schedule 8.14 , no events have occurred which could give rise to a partial or full termination of any Canadian Pension Plan and there are no outstanding disputes concerning the assets of the Canadian Pension Plans or the Canadian Benefit Plans , in either case which could reasonably be expected to result in a material liability of any the Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater. AbitibiBowater Subsidiaries of Resolute, taken as a whole. Resolute has delivered to the Lender copies of the most recent actuarial valuation reports and annual certified financial statements filed with any applicable Governmental Authority in respect of each of the registered Canadian Pension Plans, as well as the most recent valuation reports prepared in connection with any non-registered Canadian Pension Plans. There is no non-registered Canadian Pension Plan in respect of which an event has occurred that could require immediate or accelerated funding in respect of unfunded liabilities or other deficit amounts.
8.15.     Environmental and Safety Matters Except as set forth on Schedule 8.15 :
(i)    Each of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries has obtained all permits, licenses and other authorizations that are required and material with respect to the operation of the business of AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, under any applicable Environmental Law, and each such permit, license and authorization is in full force and effect, except where the failure thereof could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

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(ii)    Each of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries is in compliance with all material terms and conditions of the permits, licenses and authorizations specified in paragraph (i) above, and also is in compliance with all other limitations, restrictions, conditions, standards, prohibitions, requirements, obligations, schedules and timetables contained in or pursuant to any Environmental Law applicable to it and its business, assets, operations and properties, except for any noncompliance that could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(iii)    There is no civil, criminal or administrative action, suit, demand, claim, hearing, notice of violation, investigation, proceeding, notice or demand letter or request for information pending or, to the knowledge of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Borrower, threatened in writing against AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries under any Environmental Law that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(iv)    None of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries has received notice (A) that it has been identified as a potentially responsible party under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (“ CERCLA ”) or any comparable state law or Canadian federal or provincial law that any hazardous substances, as defined in CERCLA and its implementing regulations, or any pollutant, contaminant, toxic substance, hazardous waste, hazardous constituents, hazardous materials, asbestos or asbestos containing material, polychlorinated biphenyls, petroleum, including crude oil and any fractions thereof, or other wastes, chemicals, substances or materials regulated by any Environmental Laws (collectively, “ Hazardous Materials ”) that it or any of their respective predecessors in interest has used, generated, stored, tested, handled, transported or disposed of, has been found at any site at which any Governmental Authority or private party is conducting a remedial investigation or other action pursuant to any Environmental Law or (B) otherwise alleging that it has any liability, obligation or cost pursuant to any Environmental Law, except in the cases of (A) and (B) for any such notices that could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(v)    There have been no Releases of Hazardous Materials at, in, on, under or from any of the Real Properties or any other property or facility currently or formerly owned, leased, used or operated by AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries, and neither AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower nor any of their respective Subsidiaries has otherwise become subject to any liability or obligation, whether contingent or otherwise, relating to any Environmental Law, that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(vi)    To the knowledge of AbitibiBowater Resolute and any Borrower, there is no asbestos or asbestos-containing material in, on, or at any Real Properties or any facility or equipment of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries present in a condition that would result in violation of Environmental Law; except to the extent that the presence of, or exposure to, such material could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

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(vii)    As of the Closing Date, to the knowledge of AbitibiBowater Resolute and any Borrower, none of the Real Properties are (i) listed or proposed for listing on the National Priorities List under CERCLA or (ii) listed in the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, Liability Information System List promulgated pursuant to CERCLA.
(viii)    To the knowledge of AbitibiBowater Resolute and any Borrower, there are no events, conditions, circumstances, activities, practices, incidents, actions or plans that could reasonably be anticipated to interfere with or prevent compliance with any Environmental Law, or which may give rise to liability under any Environmental Law, or otherwise form the basis of any claim, action, demand, suit, proceeding, hearing or notice of violation, study or investigation, based on or related to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, generation, treatment, storage, disposal, transport, shipping or handling, the emission, discharge, release or threatened release into the environment of, or exposure to, any Hazardous Material that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)    Since the date of this Agreement, there has been no change in the status of the matters disclosed on Schedule 8.15 that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect.
8.16.     Solvency . Immediately after giving effect to the Transactions to occur on the Effective Date, (a) the present fair saleable value of the assets of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, will exceed the amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the existing debts and other liabilities (including contingent liabilities) of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, as they become absolute and mature, (b)  AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, will not have unreasonably small capital to carry out their businesses as conducted or as proposed to be conducted, and (c)  AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, do not intend to incur debts beyond their ability to pay such debts as they become absolute and mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be received by them and the amounts to be payable on or in respect of their obligations).
8.17.     Security Documents . (a) The Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, upon execution and delivery thereof by the parties thereto, will create in favor of the Collateral Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, a legal, valid and enforceable security interest in the Collateral (as defined therein) and proceeds thereof and (i) when the Pledged Collateral (as defined therein) is delivered to the Notes Collateral Agent, together with instruments of transfer duly endorsed in blank , and after giving effect to Section 5.4 of the Intercreditor Agreement , the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall constitute a fully perfected Lien on, and security interest in, all right, title and interest of the U.S. Loan Parties in such Pledged Collateral, in each case prior and superior in right to any other Person, other than with respect to Permitted Liens and other than as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement with respect to Notes Priority Collateral , and (ii) when UCC financing statements in appropriate form have been duly filed in the offices specified on Schedule 8.17 , or such other offices as are specified by the Borrower to the Collateral Agent in writing , the Lien created under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement will constitute a fully perfected Lien on, and security interest in, all right, title and interest of the U.S. Loan Parties in such Collateral,

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and the proceeds thereof, to the extent perfection can be obtained by filing UCC financing statements, in each case prior and superior in right to any other Person, other than with respect to Permitted Liens and other than as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement with respect to the Notes Priority Collateral .
(b)    When the IP Security Agreements (to the extent required hereunder) are duly filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the United States Copyright Office, as applicable, and when financing statements in appropriate form have been duly filed in the offices specified on Schedule 8.17 , the security interest created thereunder shall constitute a fully perfected Lien on, and security interest in, all right, title and interest of the U.S. Loan Parties in the registered intellectual property described therein and owned by the applicable U.S. Loan Parties and in which a security interest may be perfected by filing a security agreement in the United States, in each case prior and superior in right to any other Person, other than with respect to Permitted Liens and other than as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement contemplated by Section 10.02(a)(iii) (it being understood that subsequent recordings in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or the United States Copyright Office may be necessary to perfect a Lien on registered trademarks, trademark applications, designs, patents, patent applications and copyrights acquired by a Loan Party after the Effective Date).
(c)    When executed and delivered, each Canadian Security Document will be effective to create in favor of the Collateral Agent for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties referred to therein a legal, valid and enforceable security interest (or, in the case of Quebec, hypothec) in all right, title and interest of the Canadian Loan Parties in the Collateral described in each such Canadian Security Document and when financing statements (or, in the case of Quebec, registration statements) in appropriate form are filed in the offices specified in Schedule 8.17 , or such other offices as are specified by the Borrower to the Collateral Agent in writing , each such Canadian Security Document will constitute a fully perfected (or, in the case of Quebec, opposable) security interest (or, in the case of Quebec, hypothec) in all right, title and interest in all of the Collateral described in such Security Document to the extent perfection (or, in the case of Quebec, opposability) can be obtained by filing PPSA financing statements (or, in the case of Quebec, registration statements), prior and superior to the rights of any other Person, other than with respect to Permitted Liens.
(d)    The Mortgages (to the extent required hereunder) , upon execution and delivery thereof by the parties thereto, will create in favor of the Administrative Agent, for the ratable benefit of the beneficiaries named therein, a legal, valid and enforceable Lien on all of the U.S. Loan Parties’ right, title and interest in and to the Mortgaged Properties thereunder and the proceeds thereof, and when the Mortgages are duly filed or registered in the appropriate recording offices where such Mortgaged Properties are located or as otherwise reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent, the Mortgages will constitute a fully perfected Lien on, and security interest in, all right, title and interest of the U.S. Loan Parties in such Mortgaged Properties and the proceeds thereof, in each case prior and superior in right to any other Person, other than with respect to Permitted Liens or other encumbrances permitted by the relevant Mortgage.
(e)    Each Security Document, other than any Security Document referred to in the preceding paragraphs of this Section, upon execution and delivery thereof by the parties thereto and the

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making of the filings and taking of the other actions provided for therein, will be effective under applicable law to create in favor of the Collateral Agent, for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties referred to therein, a valid and enforceable security interest in all rights, title and interest of the Loan Parties in the Collateral subject thereto, prior and superior in right to any other Person, other than with respect to Permitted Liens and other than as provided in the Intercreditor Agreement with respect to the Notes Priority Collateral .
8.18.     Labor Matters . As of the Closing Date, there are no strikes or other material labor disputes against AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries pending or, to the knowledge of any Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Borrower, threatened, except as set forth on Schedule 8.18 . The hours worked by and payment made to employees of any Loan Party have not been in violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act or any other applicable federal, state, provincial, local or foreign law dealing with minimum employment standards, where such violations could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. The consummation of the Transactions will not give rise to a right of termination or right of renegotiation on the part of any union under any collective bargaining agreement to which AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries is a party or by which AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries is bound on the Closing Date, which in any such case could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
8.19.     Location of Real Property . Schedule 8.19 sets forth as of the Closing Date all real property owned by AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries in the United States and pledged as security for the Senior Secured Notes.
8.20.     Patents, Trademarks, etc. Each of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or their respective Subsidiaries owns, or is licensed or otherwise authorized to use, all patents, patent applications, designs, trademarks, trade names, copyrights, technology, trade secrets, know-how and processes, service marks and rights with respect to the foregoing that are used in or necessary for the conduct of its business as currently conducted, except where the lack thereof could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The use of such patents, patent applications, designs, trademarks, trade names, copyrights, technology, trade secrets, know-how, processes and rights with respect to the foregoing by AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or their respective Subsidiaries does not infringe on, misappropriate or otherwise violate the rights of any Person, subject to such claims, infringements, misappropriations and violations as do not, in the aggregate, give rise to any liability on the part of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or their respective Subsidiaries that is material to AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or their respective Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
8.21.     Borrowing Base Calculation . The calculation of the Total Borrowing Base and each Borrowing Base (in each case, including the valuations thereunder) pursuant to the most recent Borrowing Base Certificate delivered pursuant to Sections Section 5.04(d)), 5.04(e),  6(t) or 9.04(h) , as applicable, is complete and accurate in all material respects.
8.22.     Accounts . The Administrative Agent may rely, in determining which Accounts are Eligible Accounts, on all statements and representations made by the Loan Parties with respect thereto.

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AbitibiBowater Resolute and each other Borrower hereby warrant, on their own behalf and on behalf of the other Loan Parties, with respect to each Account at the time it is shown as an Eligible Account in a Borrowing Base Certificate, that such Account is an Eligible Account.
8.23.     Inventory . The Administrative Agent may rely, in determining which Inventory is Eligible Inventory, on all statements and representations made by the Loan Parties with respect thereto. AbitibiBowater Resolute and each other Borrower hereby warrant, on their own behalf and on behalf of the other Loan Parties, with respect to any Inventory at the time it is shown as being Eligible Inventory in a Borrowing Base Certificate, that such Inventory is Eligible Inventory.
8.24.     Anti-Terrorism Law . (a) Neither AbitibiBowater Resolute nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation in any material respect of any applicable legal requirement relating to any laws with respect to terrorism or money laundering (“ Anti-Terrorism Laws ”), including Executive Order No. 13224 on Terrorist Financing effective September 24, 2001 (the “ Executive Order ”), the Patriot Act and , the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (Canada) , the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, and the Terrorism Act 2000 . Neither AbitibiBowater Resolute nor any of its Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of AbitibiBowater Resolute and each Borrower, no agent of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries acting on behalf of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, is any of the following:
(i)    a Person that is listed in the annex to, or it otherwise subject to the provisions of, the Executive Order;
(ii)    a Person owned or controlled by, or acting for or on behalf of, any Person that is listed in the annex to, or is otherwise subject to the provisions of, the Executive Order;
(iii)    a Person with which any Lender is prohibited from dealing or otherwise engaging in any transaction by any Anti-Terrorism Law;
(iv)    a Person that commits, threatens or conspires to commit or supports “terrorism” as defined in the Executive Order; or
(v)    a Person that is named as a “specially designated national and blocked person” on the most current list published by the U.S. Treasury Department Office of Foreign Assets Control at its official website or any replacement website or other replacement official publication of such list.
(b)    Neither AbitibiBowater Resolute nor any of its Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of AbitibiBowater Resolute and each Borrower, no agent of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries acting on behalf of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, (i) conducts any business or engages in making or receiving any contribution of funds, goods or services to or for the benefit of a Person described in Section 8.24(a) , (ii) deals in, or otherwise engages in any transaction relating to, any property or interests in property blocked pursuant to the Executive Order, or (iii) engages in or conspires to engage in any transaction that evades or avoids, or has the purpose of evading or avoiding, or attempts to violate, any of the prohibitions set forth in any Anti-Terrorism Law.

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8.25.     Own Enquiries . The Loan Parties have relied on their own investigations and enquiries regarding the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents and have not relied on any information, advice or opinion (including information, advice or opinions regarding interest rates, hedging arrangements or exchange rates) given or offered by or on behalf of the Administrative Agent, any other Agent or any Lender even if in answer to any enquiry by or for it.
SECTION 9. Affirmative Covenants . Each of AbitibiBowater Resolute and each Borrower covenants and agrees with the Administrative Agent, each other Agent and each Lender that, from and after the Effective Date (subject to the condition precedent to the Effective Date set forth in Section 6 ), and for so long as this Agreement shall remain in effect, or the Total Commitments or Letters of Credit remain outstanding or the principal of or interest on any Loan, Fees or any other expenses or amounts payable under any Loan Document shall remain unpaid, unless the Required Lenders shall otherwise consent in writing, it will, and will cause each of their respective Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) to:
9.01.     Existence; Businesses and Properties . (a) Do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal existence, except as otherwise permitted under Section 10.04 .
(b)    Except where the failure to do so could not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect the rights, licenses, permits, patents, trademarks, trade names, copyrights, privileges and franchises necessary or desirable in the normal conduct of its business, and (ii) at all times keep and maintain all property useful and necessary in its business in good working order and condition.
9.02.     Insurance . Keep its insurable properties adequately insured at all times by financially sound and reputable insurers; maintain such other insurance, to such extent and against such risks, including fire and other risks insured against by extended coverage, as is usually maintained in the same general area by companies engaged in the same or similar businesses, including public liability insurance against claims for personal injury or death or property damage occurring upon, in, about or in connection with the use of any properties owned, occupied or controlled by it or the use of any products sold by it; and maintain such other insurance as may be required by law. Each such policy of liability or casualty insurance maintained by or on behalf of Loan Parties shall (i) in the case of each liability insurance policy, name the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, as an additional insured thereunder, (ii) in the case of each casualty insurance policy relating to Collateral, contain a loss payable clause or endorsement that names the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, as the loss payee thereunder and (iii) provide for at least 30 days’ prior written notice to the Collateral Agent of any cancellation of such policy (or, in the case of nonpayment of premiums 10 days’ prior written notice to the Collateral Agent). With respect to each Mortgaged Property that is located in an area determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency to have special flood hazards, the applicable Loan Party has obtained, and will maintain, with financially sound and reputable insurance companies, such flood insurance as is required under applicable law, including Regulation H.

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9.03.     Payment of Taxes . Pay and discharge promptly prior to becoming delinquent all taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies imposed upon it or upon or in respect of its property or asset, except where the failure to pay the same could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; provided , however , that such payment and discharge shall not be required with respect to any such tax, assessment, charge or levy so long as the validity or amount thereof shall be contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and it shall have set aside on its books, in accordance with GAAP, adequate reserves with respect thereto and such contest operates to suspend enforcement of a Lien and, in the case of a Mortgaged Property or other material property or asset, there is no material risk of forfeiture of such property.
9.04.     Financial Statements, Reports, etc. Furnish to the Administrative Agent and each Lender:
(a)    within 105 days (or such earlier date on which AbitibiBowater Resolute is required (giving effect to any extensions granted by the SEC) to make any public filing of such information) after the end of each fiscal year, its consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows, showing the financial condition of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis as of the close of such fiscal year and their results of operations during such fiscal year, all audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP or other independent auditors of recognized national standing and accompanied by an opinion of such accountants (which shall not contain any qualification or exception as to scope or going concern) to the effect that such consolidated financial statements fairly present in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP;
(b)    within 60 days (or such earlier date on which AbitibiBowater Resolute is required (giving effect to any extensions granted by the SEC) to make any public filing of such information) after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year, its unaudited consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows, showing the financial condition of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis as of the close of such fiscal quarter and their results of operations during such fiscal quarter and the then-elapsed portion of the fiscal year (it being understood that such information shall be in reasonable detail and certified by a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute as fairly presenting in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of notes);
(c)    within 30 days after the end of each of the first two months of each fiscal quarter, and within 60 days (or such earlier date on which AbitibiBowater Resolute is required (giving effect to any extensions granted by the SEC) to make any public filing of such information) after the end of the third month of each fiscal quarter, in each case ending during a Compliance Period, the monthly unaudited consolidated balance sheet and related consolidated statement of income of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP for such period, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments, normal quarterly adjustments and allocations and the absence of notes, in each case, certified by a Financial Officer of

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AbitibiBowater Resolute as being prepared on a consistent basis with its monthly accounting and bookkeeping practices;
(d)    (i) concurrently with any delivery of financial statements under paragraph (a) , (b) or (c) above, (I) a compliance certificate in the form of Exhibit G signed by a Financial Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute and on behalf of AbitibiBowater Resolute (A) certifying that, after reasonable inquiry, to the knowledge of such Financial Officer no Default or Event of Default has occurred or, if a Default or an Event of Default has occurred, specifying the nature and extent thereof and any corrective action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto, (B) when applicable, demonstrating compliance with the covenant contained in Section 10.15 (setting forth, for the purposes of such certificate, calculations of the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for such period irrespective of whether a Compliance Period exists at such time) and (C)  certifying that no Material Subsidiary exists (other than the Loan Parties) or if a Material Subsidiary (other than a Loan Party) does exist, a description of such Material Subsidiary, in each case at the end of such fiscal quarter or year, as the case may be ; and (II) a report on any material developments in any negotiations with any Governmental Authority relating to any “corrective measures” required under the Government Pension Agreements, the Ontario Pension Regulations or the Quebec Pension Regulations;
(e)    promptly after the same become publicly available, copies of all periodic and other reports, proxy statements and other materials (other than (i) the exhibits to registration statements and (ii) any registration statements on Form S‑8 or its equivalent) filed by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of or all the functions of such Commission, or distributed to AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s shareholders (other than to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries), as the case may be;
(f)    in the case of AbitibiBowater Resolute , as soon as available, and in any event no later than 60 days after the end of each fiscal year, a consolidated annual plan, prepared in accordance with AbitibiBowater Resolute ’ normal accounting procedures applied on a consistent basis, for the next fiscal year of AbitibiBowater Resolute containing quarterly detail, including projected quarterly borrowing base levels for such fiscal year;
(g)    promptly after AbitibiBowater Resolute s or any of its Subsidiaries’ receipt thereof, a copy of any “management letter” received from its certified public accountants and management’s response thereto;
(h)    not later than 5:00 P.M. (New York time) on or before (x) during the three-month period following the Effective Date, the 25th day and (y) thereafter, the 20th day of each month (or no later than the third Business Day following the end of each week during any period in which a Weekly Borrowing Base Period is in effect), a Borrowing Base Certificate setting forth each Borrowing Base (in each case with supporting calculations in reasonable detail), which shall be prepared as of the last Business Day of the preceding month (or, if any such Borrowing Base Certificate is delivered weekly, as of the last Business Day of the week immediately preceding such delivery, in which case the calculation therein with respect to Inventory shall be based on the information in the then most recent monthly Borrowing Base Certificate). Each such Borrowing

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Base Certificate shall include such supporting information as may be reasonably requested from time to time by the Collateral Agent;
(i)    at the time of delivery of any monthly Borrowing Base Certificate delivered pursuant to clause (h) of this Section 9.04 , (w) a summary aged trial balance of Accounts by customer, (x) upon the request of the Collateral Agent, a summary of accounts payable (including detail for the top 15 vendors) indicating which accounts payable are more than thirty days past due and (y) a summary inventory listing by category (in form and scope consistent with the form reviewed by the Collateral Agent prior to the Closing Date, or otherwise reasonably satisfactory in form and scope to the Collateral Agent);
(j)    promptly following the Administrative Agent’s request therefor, all documentation and other information that the Administrative Agent reasonably requests on its behalf or on behalf of any Lender in order to comply with its on-going obligations under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act; and
(k)    promptly from time to time, such other information regarding the operations, business affairs, collateral and financial condition of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, or compliance with the terms of any Loan Document, as the Administrative Agent or any Lender may reasonably request . ; and
(l)      Not later than three Business Days following any date on which the aggregate Outstanding Balance of all Eligible Accounts sold or otherwise transferred pursuant to an accounts receivable factoring (or reverse factoring) program (determined, with respect to each such Eligible Account, at the time of such sale or transfer) following the date of the Borrowing Base Certificate most recently delivered hereunder (or most recent update thereto provided under this clause (l)) exceeds $10,000,000, a Borrowing Base Base Certificate, adjusted solely to account for such sale or transfer; provided that no such adjusted Borrowing Base Certificate shall be required to be delivered at any time that the Payment Conditions are satisfied.
Information required to be delivered pursuant to this Section shall be deemed to have been delivered if such information, or one or more annual or quarterly reports containing such information (including, in the case of certifications required pursuant to clause (b) above, the certifications accompanying any such quarterly report pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002), shall have been posted by the Administrative Agent on an IntraLinks or similar site to which the Lenders have been granted access or shall be available on the website of the Securities and Exchange Commission at http://www.sec.gov. Information required to be delivered pursuant to this Section may also be delivered by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by the Administrative Agent (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld).
9.05.     Litigation and Other Notices . Furnish to the Administrative Agent, each other Agent and each Lender written notice of the following promptly (and in any event within five Business Days) upon a Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries obtaining knowledge thereof:

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(a)    any Event of Default or Default, specifying the nature and extent thereof and the corrective action (if any) taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto;
(b)    the filing or commencement of, or any notice to AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their Subsidiaries of the intention of any Person to file or commence, any action, suit or proceeding (whether at law or in equity or by or before any Governmental Authority or any arbitrator) against AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any Affiliate thereof (i)  could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) with respect to any Loan Document;
(c)    any development that has resulted in, or could reasonably be anticipated to result in, a Material Adverse Effect;
(d)    the occurrence of any ERISA Event that, alone or together with other ERISA Events that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(e)    any material casualty or other insured damage to any material portion of any Collateral (including Mortgaged Property) or the commencement of any action or proceeding for the taking or expropriation of any Collateral (including Mortgaged Property) or any material part thereof or material interest therein under power of eminent domain or by condemnation or similar proceeding; and
(f)    the commencement of a Dominion Period, a Compliance Period or a Weekly Borrowing Base Period.
9.06.     Maintaining Records; Access to Properties and Inspections . (a) Maintain all financial records in accordance with GAAP and applicable law and permit any representatives designated by the Administrative Agent or any Lender to visit and inspect the properties and financial records of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and any of their respective Subsidiaries during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice and to make extracts from and copies of such financial records, and permit any representatives designated by the Administrative Agent or any Lender to discuss at such reasonable times and at such reasonable intervals as may be reasonably requested the affairs, finances and condition of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries or any properties of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower and any of their respective Subsidiaries with any officers thereof and (in the presence of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or a Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , unless a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing) independent accountants therefor; provided , however , that all such visits, inspections and inquiries shall be coordinated through the Administrative Agent.
(b)     AbitibiBowater Resolute will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, permit a third-party appraiser and a third-party consultant selected by the Collateral Agent (and, to the extent such third-party appraiser is not Hilco Appraisal Services, LLC and/or such third-party consultant is not Protiviti Inc., reasonably satisfactory to AbitibiBowater Resolute ) to, upon the request of the Collateral Agent, conduct (at the reasonable cost of the Borrowers), (x) an appraisal of the Inventory of the Loan Parties and (y) a collateral examination of the Accounts of the Loan Parties, in each

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case, in scope reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent; provided , however , so long as no Event of Default and no Dominion Period exists, the Collateral Agent may only make one request in respect of each of clause (x) and (y) above during each fiscal year (or, during any period (A) commencing on the date on which the Excess Availability is less than 40 the greater of (I) $133 million and (II) 20 % of the Total Commitment as then in effect and (B) ending on the first date thereafter on which the Excess Availability has been equal to or greater than 40 (I) $133 million and (II) 20 % of the Total Commitment as then in effect for 40 consecutive days, up to two requests in respect of each of clause (x) and (y) above during each fiscal year), in each case at the reasonable cost of the Borrowers . ; provided further, that (1) with respect to such appraisals, so long as there has been no Acquisition during such fiscal year, such costs shall not exceed $45,000 per appraisal and (2) with respect to such collateral examinations, such costs shall not exceed $2,000 per field examiner, per day.
9.07.     Use of Proceeds . The Borrowers will use the proceeds of the Loans and the issuances of Letters of Credit only as provided in Section 8.10 . No part of the proceeds of any Loan will be used, whether directly or indirectly, for any purpose in a violation of any of the Regulations of the Board, including Regulations T, U and X.
9.08.     Compliance with Law . Comply with the requirements of all applicable laws (including Environmental Laws), rules, regulations and decrees, directives and orders of any Governmental Authority that are applicable to it or to any of its properties, except where noncompliance could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
9.09.     Further Assurances . (a) Execute any and all further documents, financing statements, agreements and instruments, and take all further action (including filing UCC, PPSA and other financing statements, registrations, mortgages and deeds of trust ), and registration of Security Documents to which any English Guarantor is a party at Companies House) that may be required under applicable law or which the Required Lenders or the Administrative Agent may reasonably request, in order to effectuate the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents and in order to grant, preserve, protect and perfect the validity and priority or rank of the security interests created or intended to be created by the Security Documents except with respect to Collateral which the Administrative Agent determines does not have sufficient value to justify the cost and expense of perfection. AbitibiBowater Resolute will provide to the Administrative Agent, from time to time upon its reasonable request, evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent as to the perfection and priority of the Liens created or intended to be created by the Security Documents, except for Liens not required to be perfected and except for Liens on Collateral which the Administrative Agent has determined does not have sufficient value to justify the cost and expense of perfection.
(b)    Cause (i) each Domestic Subsidiary (other than a Domestic Subsidiary that is a Subsidiary of a Foreign Subsidiary) and Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is or becomes a Material Wholly-Owned Subsidiary (other than an Excluded Subsidiary), (ii) each Domestic Subsidiary (other than a Domestic Subsidiary that is a Subsidiary of a Foreign Subsidiary) and Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that is or becomes a direct parent of any such Material Wholly-Owned Subsidiary (other than an Excluded Subsidiary) and (iii) each other

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Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute that guarantees the obligations under the Senior Secured Notes, to, as promptly as practicable, and in any event within 30 days after the occurrence of such event or status, notify the Administrative Agent thereof and cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, paragraph (i) thereof) to be satisfied with respect to such Domestic Subsidiary or Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , as the case may be, and direct parent thereof as , subject to the proviso in this paragraph (b) , a U.S. Subsidiary Guarantor or Canadian Subsidiary Guarantor, as the case may be , and with respect to any Equity Interests in or Indebtedness of such Domestic Subsidiary or Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater, as the case may be, owned by any Loan Party .
(c)    From time to time, each Borrower will, at its cost and expense, promptly secure the applicable Secured Obligations by pledging or creating, or causing to be pledged or created, perfected security interests with respect to such of the assets and properties of the Loan Parties as either the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders shall reasonably request (it being understood that, subject to the limitations set forth in this paragraph (c) , it is the intent of the parties that the applicable Secured Obligations shall be secured by substantially all of ABL Priority Collateral of the Loan Parties and all other property of the U.S. Loan Parties securing the Senior Secured Notes ; provided , however that notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (i) no leasehold mortgages or deeds of trust or fixture filings shall be required with respect to any leasehold interest of any Loan Party and (ii) no security interests shall be required to be pledged or created with respect to (A)  properties set forth on Schedule 9.09 , Notes Priority Assets (except to the extent such assets secure other indebtedness as contemplated by Section 10.02(a)(iii)) and (B) any assets located outside of the United States and , Canada and the U.K. other than Inventory held in the United Kingdom, Netherlands and Ireland which is included in the Borrowing Base. Such security interests and Liens will be created under the Security Documents and other security agreements, mortgages, deeds of trust and other instruments and documents in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent , and, in the case of Notes Priority Collateral, consistent with, and no more restrictive than, the security agreements, mortgages, deeds of trust and other instruments and documents securing the Senior Secured Notes and each Borrower shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Lenders all such instruments and documents (including customary legal opinions , title insurance policies (which policies may be issued as part of a “pro tanto” title package that would minimize the amount of title premiums that Borrower is required to pay to provide title insurance in respect of the Liens securing the Secured Obligations and the Senior Secured Notes) or title opinions and lien searches) as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request to evidence compliance with this paragraph (c) .
9.10.     Information Regarding Collateral; Deposit Accounts . (a) Furnish to the Administrative Agent prompt written notice of any change in (i) the legal name of any Loan Party, as set forth in its organizational documents, (ii) the jurisdiction of organization or the form of organization of any Loan Party (including as a result of any merger or consolidation), (iii) the location of the chief executive office of any Loan Party and, in the case of Canadian Loan Parties, the location of such Canadian Loan Party’s principal place of business, chief executive office, registered office, any office in which it maintains books or records relating to Collateral (other than de-minimis portions of Collateral) owned by it or any office or facility at which Collateral (other than de-minimis

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portions of Collateral) owned by it is located (including the establishment of any such new office or facility) or (iv) the organizational identification number, if any, or, with respect to any Loan Party organized under the laws of a jurisdiction that requires such information to be set forth on the face of a UCC financing statement, the Federal Taxpayer Identification Number of any such U.S. Loan Party. Each Borrower agrees not to effect or permit any change referred to in the preceding sentence unless all filings have been made under the UCC, the PPSA or otherwise that are required in order for the Collateral Agent to continue at all times following such change to have a valid, legal and perfected security interest in all the Collateral owned by such Loan Party, as and to the extent required under, and subject to the exceptions set forth in, the terms of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
(b)    Furnish to the Administrative Agent prompt written notice of the acquisition by any U.S. Loan Party of, or any real property otherwise becoming, a property that is required to become a Mortgaged Property after the Effective Date.
(c)    Each year, at the time of delivery of annual financial statements with respect to the preceding fiscal year pursuant to Section 9.04(a) , AbitibiBowater Resolute shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of AbitibiBowater Resolute setting forth the information required pursuant to the Perfection Certificate or confirming that there has been no change in such information since the date of the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Effective Date or the date of the most recent certificate delivered pursuant to this paragraph 9.09(c) .
(d)    Cause all cash owned by each Borrower and the other Loan Parties at any time (other than cash held in Excluded Accounts or the Specified Collection Accounts) to be held in deposit accounts, securities accounts or commodities accounts maintained with a Domestic or Canadian or U.K. office of any depositary institution, securities intermediary or commodity intermediary, as the case may be, in the name of one or more Loan Parties and will, in each case as promptly as practicable, notify the Administrative Agent of the existence of any deposit account, securities account or commodities account maintained by a Loan Party in respect of which a Control Agreement is required to be in effect pursuant to clause (h) of the definition of the term “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement” but is not yet in effect.

9.11.     Environmental Matters . (a) Promptly give notice to the Administrative Agent upon becoming aware of (i) any violation of any Environmental Law, (ii) any material claim, inquiry, proceeding, investigation or other action, including a request for information or a notice of potential liability under any Environmental Law, by or from any Governmental Authority or any third party claimant or (iii) the discovery of the Release of any Hazardous Material at, on, to, under or from any of the real properties of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any of their respective Subsidiaries, or any facility or equipment thereat in excess of reportable or allowable standards or levels under any Environmental Law or under conditions not allowed under any applicable permit, license, authorization or approval by a Governmental Authority, or in a manner or amount that could reasonably be expected to result in liability under any Environmental Law, in each case that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

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(b)    Upon discovery of the presence on any of the Real Properties of any Hazardous Material that is in violation of, or that could reasonably be expected to result in liability under, any Environmental Law, in each case that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, take or cause to be taken all necessary steps to initiate and expeditiously complete all remedial, corrective and other responsive action to the extent required pursuant to Environmental Law, except where the failure to take or cause to be taken such steps could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and keep the Administrative Agent reasonably informed of such actions and the results thereof.
9.12.     Certain Post-Effective Date Obligations (a) As promptly as practicable after the Effective Date, and in any event within the applicable time period set forth in the definition of “Collateral and Guarantee Requirement”, deliver all Mortgages and Control Agreements that would have been required to be delivered on the Effective Date.
(b)    Furnish to the Administrative Agent, not later than 60 days following the Effective Date (or such later date as is agreed by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion) a supplement to Part D of Schedule 10.16 setting forth all Excluded Accounts as of the date of delivery thereof.
9.13.     Canadian Pension and Benefit Plans . (a) For each existing, or hereafter adopted, Canadian Pension Plan and Canadian Benefit Plan, comply in a timely fashion with and perform in all material respects all of its obligations (including fiduciary, funding, investment and administration obligations) under and in respect of such Canadian Pension Plan or Canadian Benefit Plan, including under any funding agreements, any applicable collective bargaining agreement and all laws (including the Canadian Pension Regulations).
(b)    For each existing, or hereafter adopted, registered Canadian Pension Plan, ensure that such plan retains its registered status under applicable laws.
(c)    Remit or pay all employer and employee payments, contributions (“normal cost”, “special payments” and any other payments in respect of any funding deficiencies or shortfalls) or premiums required to be remitted, paid to or in respect of each Canadian Pension Plan or Canadian Benefit Plan and ensure all other amounts that are due to the pension fund of a Canadian Pension Plan from the Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute have been paid or remitted in a timely fashion in accordance with the terms thereof, any funding agreements, any applicable collective bargaining agreement and all laws (including the Canadian Pension Regulations).
(d)    Furnish to the Administrative Agent (i) copies of (x) the final plan texts and funding agreements for the Canadian Pension Plans which are target benefit pension plans, (y) each annual information return and actuarial report (including applicable schedules) filed with the applicable Governmental Authorities with respect to its Canadian Pension Plans and (z) any amendments to the Government Pension Agreements, the Ontario Pension Regulations or the Quebec Pension Regulations, (ii) upon request by the Administrative Agent , copies of pension plan financial statements, status of any negotiations with any Governmental Authority relating to compliance with the Government Pension Agreements, the Ontario Pension Regulations or the Quebec Pension Regulations (and any material correspondence relating thereto) and any applications for regulatory approval of asset withdrawals or commuted value transfers with respect to each registered Canadian

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Pension Plan or any fund maintained in respect thereof; (iii) promptly after becoming aware of any failure to withhold, make, remit or pay any employee or employer payments, contributions (including “normal cost”, “special payments” and any other payments in respect of any funding deficiencies or shortfalls) or premiums to a Canadian Pension Plan or Canadian Benefit Plan on a timely basis or any decision or written notice of a Governmental Authority ordering, proposing to order or indicating an intention to order the partial or full termination of any Canadian Pension Plan or the occurrence of or forthcoming occurrence of any event which could reasonably be expected to result in the partial or full termination of any Canadian Pension Plan, written notice thereof, together with an explanation of the actions taken or proposed to be taken by the applicable Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute relating thereto; and (iv) copies of any notifications or remittances or similar documents prepared and delivered to the trustee or custodian of any registered Canadian Pension Plan pursuant to section 56.1 of the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario) or similar legislation in another applicable jurisdiction in Canada.
(e)    Comply in all material respects with all covenants, responsibilities and other obligations imposed on AbitibiBowater Resolute and each of its Subsidiaries under the Government Pension Agreements.

SECTION 10. Negative Covenants . Each Borrower covenants and agrees with the Administrative Agent, each other Agent and each Lender that, from and after the Effective Date and for so long as this Agreement shall remain in effect, or the Total Commitments or Letters of Credit remain outstanding or the principal of or interest on any Loan, Fees or any other expenses or amounts payable under any Loan Document shall remain unpaid, unless the Required Lenders shall otherwise consent in writing, it will not, and will not cause or permit any of their respective Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) to:
10.01.     Indebtedness . Create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Indebtedness or Attributable Indebtedness; provided that AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries may incur Indebtedness if, after giving effect to the incurrence thereof and any substantially simultaneous application of proceeds thereof, the pro forma Interest Coverage Ratio would be greater than 2:00 to 1.00 (such test, the “ Incurrence Test ”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries may, without duplication, create, incur, assume or permit to exist:
(a)    the Indebtedness created hereunder and under the other Loan Documents;
(b)    the Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness under the Senior Secured Notes) existing on the Effective Date after giving effect to the consummation of the Plan of Reorganization and which is contemplated by the Plan of Reorganization or the CCAA Plan on such date , including any Guarantees thereof and any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof;

(c)    intercompany loans and advances permitted by Section 10.03 and which, if owed by a Loan Party, are subordinated to the Loan Document Obligations on terms reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent;

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(d)    Indebtedness of any Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute and any Guarantees thereof, provided that such Indebtedness shall not be Guaranteed by or otherwise be recourse to any Loan Party, except as permitted by Section 10.03(c) or (l) ; provided further that the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness at any time outstanding shall not exceed $50,000,000;
(e)    Indebtedness under the Senior Secured Notes, together with any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness with respect thereto, including Guarantees thereof;
(f)    Indebtedness (including Guarantees) in respect of (i) performance, surety, bid, appeal or similar bonds, completion guarantees or similar instruments, including letters of credit and bankers acceptances (not incurred for the purpose of borrowing money), in each case provided in the ordinary course of business, (ii) Hedging Agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business as a risk management strategy and (iii) agreements providing for indemnification, adjustment of purchase price or similar obligations, or from guarantees or letters of credit, surety bonds or performance bonds securing any obligations pursuant to such agreement, incurred in connection with the disposition of any business, assets or Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ;
(g)    (i) Capital Lease Obligations and Attributable Indebtedness, (ii) Indebtedness created, incurred or assumed in respect of the purchase, improvement, repair or construction of property, and Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof, provided that such Indebtedness (excluding Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness) is created, incurred or assumed within 180 days after the earlier of (x) the placement in service of such property or (y) the final payment on such property, and (iii) Indebtedness consisting of industrial revenue, environmental control and other similar bonds, and Guarantees of and letters of credit supporting such Indebtedness, provided that the aggregate amount of the Indebtedness and Attributable Indebtedness created, incurred or assumed pursuant to this paragraph (g) at any time outstanding shall not exceed $125,000,000;
(h)    Indebtedness incurred to pay premiums for insurance policies maintained by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business not exceeding in aggregate the amount of such unpaid premiums;
(i)    Indebtedness of any Person acquired by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries in a Permitted Acquisition (“ Acquisition Indebtedness ”) and assumed by AbitibiBowater Resolute or such Subsidiary pursuant to such acquisition (including any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness incurred in respect thereof at the time of assumption thereof or from time to time thereafter), provided that (i) such Indebtedness was not incurred in contemplation of such acquisition, (ii)  the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness and any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof at any time outstanding shall not exceed $160,000,000 [reserved] , (iii) such Indebtedness and any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof shall not be secured by any assets other than some or all of the assets securing the acquired Indebtedness prior to such acquisition and (iv) immediately after the incurrence thereof and giving pro forma effect thereto, the Interest Coverage Ratio shall not be less than the Interest Coverage Ratio immediately prior to such incurrence Resolute could incur at least $1.00 of additional Indebtedness under the Incurrence Test ;

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(j)    Guarantees with respect to bonds issued to support workers’ compensation, unemployment or other insurance or self-insurance obligations, and similar obligations, in each case, incurred by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business;
(k)    Indebtedness in the form of any earnout or other similar contingent payment obligation incurred in connection with an acquisition permitted hereunder;
(l)    Indebtedness of a Joint Venture Subsidiary which is not Guaranteed by or otherwise recourse to any Loan Party or any Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of any Loan Party or any assets of the foregoing (other than Equity Interests in such obligor Subsidiary) in an aggregate amount of all such Indebtedness at any time outstanding shall not exceed $50,000,000;
(m)    Indebtedness under a Tax Incentive Transaction;
(n)    Indebtedness arising in the ordinary course of business of any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries as an account party in respect of trade letters of credit; provided that no such trade letter of credit shall be secured by any assets of a Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries other than the assets being acquired or shipped pursuant to such letter of credit;
(o)    Indebtedness arising in the ordinary course of business in respect of netting services, overdraft protections, Cash Management Services and otherwise in connection with deposit accounts;
(p)    Guarantees in the ordinary course of business of the obligations of suppliers, customers, franchisees and licensees of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not in excess of $5,000,000;
(q)     so long as the Payment Conditions are satisfied both before and after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness, other Indebtedness of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries in an aggregate face and/or principal amount at any time outstanding not in excess of $ 100,000,000 500,000,000 ;
(r)    unsecured Indebtedness in respect of letters of credit issued pursuant to the 2007 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility and reimbursement obligations with respect to amounts drawn under such letters of credit, in an aggregate face and/or principal amount at any time outstanding not in excess of Cdn.$20,000,000; and
(s)    Indebtedness in respect of letters of credit issued pursuant to the 2008 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility and reimbursement obligations with respect to amounts drawn under such letters of credit, in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not in excess of Cdn.$ 50,000,000 100,000,000 ; provided , that (A) such Indebtedness may be secured only by Liens permitted under Section 10.02(a)(xx) and (B) no such Indebtedness may be incurred during a Dominion Period . ; and
(t)      unsecured Indebtedness of Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries in an aggregate face and/or principal amount at any time outstanding not in excess of $500,000,000; provided that the aggregate

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face and/or principal amount of Indebtedness incurred pursuant to this Section 10.01(t) at any time that the Payment Conditions are not satisfied (both before and after giving effect to such incurrence), shall not exceed $100,000,000.
Notwithstanding clauses (a) – (q) above, (i) Indebtedness in respect of letters of credit issued pursuant to the 2007 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility and reimbursement obligations with respect to amounts drawn under such letters of credit may only be incurred pursuant to Section 10.01(r) and (ii) Indebtedness in respect of letters of credit issued pursuant to the 2008 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility and reimbursement obligations with respect to amounts drawn under such letters of credit may only be incurred pursuant to Section 10.01(s) .

10.02.     Liens . (a) Create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on any property or assets (including stock or other securities of any Person) now owned or hereafter acquired by it or on any income or revenues or rights in respect of any thereof, except:
(i)    Permitted Liens;
(ii)    Liens created under the Loan Documents;
(iii)    Liens created under or pursuant to the Senior Secured Notes Documents (x) on Notes Priority Assets securing Indebtedness permitted incurred (A) in reliance on the Incurrence Test or (B) under Section 10.01( e) , provided that q) (any such Indebtedness described in clause (A) or (B) that is secured by Liens permitted under this clause (x), “Specified Secured Indebtedness”; provided, that the holders of such Specified Indebtedness (or the representative thereof) shall have entered into a customary collateral cooperation agreement with the Collateral Agent containing terms consistent with those set forth in Section 3.3 of the Previous Intercreditor Agreement or otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and (y) on ABL Priority Collateral securing Specified Secured Indebtedness that is secured by Notes Priority Assets; provided, that (x) any such Liens on the ABL Priority Collateral and rights and remedies with respect thereto are at all times subject to the Intercreditor Agreement (or a successor securing Specified Secured Indebtedness shall at all times be subordinated to the Liens securing the Secured Obligations pursuant to an intercreditor agreement having the same terms as the Previous Intercreditor Agreement or such other terms as may be reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent ); and (y) no such Liens on ABL Priority Collateral securing Specified Secured Indebtedness may be incurred unless the Secured Obligations shall have been secured by Liens on the Notes Priority Assets that secure such Specified Secured Indebtedness, which Liens on the Notes Priority Assets may be subordinated to the Liens on the Notes Priority Assets securing such Specified Secured Indebtedness pursuant to an intercreditor agreement having the same terms as the Previous Intercreditor Agreement or such other terms as may be reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (and any such Notes Priority Assets that shall become subject to Liens securing the Secured Obligations in accordance with this clause (y) shall continue to constitute “Notes Priority Assets” for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the definition of “Notes Priority Assets”);

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(iv)     Liens existing as of the Closing Date that are not discharged on the Effective Date and that are listed on Schedule 10.02 , and replacement Liens on the same assets; provided that (A) such Liens shall apply only to the property or assets to which they apply on the Closing Date and (B) such Liens shall secure only (x) those obligations that they secured on the Closing Date and (y) refinancings of such secured obligations permitted hereunder so long as the principal amount of obligations secured under this clause (iv) does not exceed the sum of the principal amount of such secured obligations being refinanced plus the amount of any premium required to be paid thereon as a result of, and any interest, fees and costs incurred in, such refinancing;
(v)    Liens securing Indebtedness permitted by Section 10.01(g) , provided that any such Lien shall apply only to the property that is the subject of such Indebtedness;
(vi)    Liens securing Indebtedness permitted by Section 10.01(h) , provided that such Liens attach only to insurance policies and proceeds thereof;
(vii)    Liens securing Indebtedness constituting mortgage or purchase money financings, Capital Lease Obligations, industrial revenue bonds or similar financings assumed or incurred pursuant to Section 10.01(i) in connection with any acquisition permitted hereunder, provided that (A) such Liens attach only to property or assets acquired in connection with such acquisition, (B) such Liens were not created in contemplation of such acquisition and (C) such Liens shall secure only those obligations that they secure at the time of such acquisition and Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof;
(viii)    Liens on property or assets owned by Foreign Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.01(d) , provided that no such Liens shall apply to any assets constituting ABL Priority Collateral or any Equity Interests of a Canadian Loan Party directly held by a Canadian Loan Party;
(ix)    Liens created under any agreement relating to the sale, transfer or other disposition of assets permitted hereunder, provided that such Liens relate solely to the assets to be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed;
(x)    any Lien consisting of a lease of personal property of such Person to customers of such Person, if such lease constitutes an Investment permitted under Section 10.03(i) ;
(xi)    extensions, renewals or replacements of any Lien referred to in clause ( v iii ), (vi) or (vii) above, provided that such extension, renewal or replacement is limited to the Indebtedness and property originally secured and encumbered thereby;
(xii)    (i) Liens on assets of or Equity Interests issued by a Joint Venture Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute securing Indebtedness of such Joint Venture Subsidiary permitted by Section 10.01(l) ; or (ii) Liens on Equity Interests issued by Augusta Newsprint, for so long as it is an Excluded Subsidiary, or a joint venture that is not a Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary securing Indebtedness of Augusta Newsprint or such joint venture, as applicable, so long as, in the case of each of clause (i) and clause (ii),

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such Indebtedness is recourse to AbitibiBowater Resolute or its Subsidiaries only to the extent of such Equity Interest;
(xiii)    Liens in favor of customs and revenue authorities arising as a matter of law to secure payment of customs duties in connection with the importation of goods;
(xiv)     Liens securing obligations under a Tax Incentive Transaction on the property subject thereto, so long as the related Indebtedness is permitted by Section 10.01(m) ;
(xv)    Liens on assets other than ABL Priority Collateral securing Hedging Obligations and other Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.01(f) ;
(xvi)    Liens securing judgments for the payment of money not constituting an Event of Default under Section 11.01(i) or securing appeal or other surety bonds relating to such judgments;
(xvii)    Movable hypothecs granted to landlords in the Province of Quebec to secure the payment of rent and the performance of other obligations arising under a lease of real or immovable property provided that such movable hypothec affects only the tangible assets of the tenant situated in the premises leased under such lease and that such movable hypothec is subordinated to, and ranks after, the hypothec(s) created pursuant to the Canadian Security Documents affecting such assets;
(xviii)    Any interest or title of a lessor or sublessor under any lease of real estate permitted hereunder;
(xix)    Liens not otherwise permitted by the foregoing clauses of this paragraph (a) or the succeeding clause of this paragraph (a) securing obligations in an aggregate amount outstanding at any time not in excess of $25,000,000, provided that no such Liens shall apply to any assets constituting ABL Priority Collateral or any Equity Interests of a Canadian Loan Party directly held by a Canadian Loan Party;
(xx)    Liens on not more than Cdn.$ 52,500,000 105,000,000 of cash collateral of Canadian Subsidiaries securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.01(s) ; provided , that no such Liens may be incurred during a Dominion Period;
(xxi)    Liens in favor of a Loan Party securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.01(c) and which, if on assets of a Loan Party, have been subordinated to the Liens of the Collateral Agent on terms reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent; and
(xxii)    Liens incurred pursuant to the Escrow Securities Indebtedness Escrow Agreement on the Escrow Securities Indebtedness Escrow Account and the funds on deposit therein.
(b)    Enter into any agreement prohibiting the creation or assumption of any Lien upon properties or assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except any such restriction that exists under (i) this Agreement and the Senior Secured Notes Documents, (ii) agreements governing any Indebtedness of Foreign Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute permitted hereunder, (iii) any

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documents governing secured Indebtedness permitted hereunder, provided that such restrictions only relate to the assets securing such Indebtedness, (iv) any documents governing Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.01(i) or (q), provided that such restrictions are customary market terms for similar credits and do not restrict the granting of Liens to secure Indebtedness incurred under this Agreement or the Senior Secured Notes , (v) restrictions by reason of customary restrictions on assignment contained in leases, licenses, permits and other contracts and agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business, provided that such restrictions are limited to the property or assets subject to such leases, licenses, contracts or agreements), (vi) any agreement with respect to a permitted sale or disposition of any assets, provided such restrictions are limited to the assets to be sold or disposed of, and (vii) any agreement restricting properties or assets of an Excluded Subsidiary.
(c)    Notwithstanding clauses (i) – (xix) of Section 10.02(a) , Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 10.01(s) may only be incurred pursuant to Section 10.02(a)(xx) .
10.03.     Investments, Loans and Advances . Have outstanding or make any Investment in, any other Person or suffer to exist any Investment, or any obligation to make such Investment, except as set forth on Schedule 10.03 and except:
(a)    Permitted Investments;
(b)    loans, advances or other Investments made by (i) AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to or in any Loan Party or any Wholly Owned Wholly-Owned Domestic Subsidiary or any Wholly Owned Wholly-Owned Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , provided that any such Investments by a Loan Party to or in any such Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party (x) complies with the requirements of Section 10.12 and (y) are in an aggregate amount not to exceed $10,000,000 outstanding at any time and (ii) any Overseas Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to or in AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ;
(c)    (i) loans, advances or other Investments made to or in any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than a Loan Party, a Wholly-Owned Domestic Subsidiary or a Wholly-Owned Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ), and Guarantees of obligations of any such Subsidiary, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $25,000,000 outstanding at any time and (ii) additional loans and advances made to or in such Subsidiaries as part of AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s consolidated cash management operations in the ordinary course of business in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50,000,000 outstanding at any time, provided that each cash management account between any Loan Party and any Joint Venture Subsidiary shall be settled at least quarterly;
(d)    Investments by any Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party in any other Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party;
(e)    Investments consisting of non-cash consideration received in connection with a sale of assets permitted under Section 10.12 ;

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(f)    Investments in existence on the Closing Date by AbitibiBowater Resolute , each other Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries in the Equity Interests of their respective Subsidiaries;
(g)    Investments consisting of Equity Interests, securities or notes received in settlement of accounts receivable incurred in the ordinary course of business from a customer that AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute has reasonably determined is unable to make cash payments in accordance with the terms of such account receivable;
(h)    accounts receivable created or acquired, and deposits, prepayments and other credits to suppliers made, in the ordinary course of business;
(i)    any Investments consisting of (i) any contract pursuant to which AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute obtains the right to cut, harvest or otherwise acquire timber on property owned by any other Person, whether or not the Borrower’s or such Subsidiary’s obligations under such contract are evidenced by a note or other instrument, or (ii) loans or advances to customers of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , including leases of personal property of AbitibiBowater Resolute or such Subsidiary to such customers, provided that the contracts, loans and advances constituting permitted Investments pursuant to this paragraph (i) shall not exceed $20,000,000 at any time outstanding;
(j)    prepaid expenses and lease, utility, workers’ compensation, performance and other similar deposits made in the ordinary course of business;
(k)    loans to officers, directors and employees not to exceed $10,000,000 at any time outstanding;
(l)    so long as the Payment Conditions are satisfied both before and after giving effect to such Investments, AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries may make additional Investments not otherwise permitted under this Section 10.03 ;
(m)    Investments constituting Guarantees permitted under Section 10.01 and Investments permitted under Section 10.04(e) ;
(n)    Investments described on Schedule 10.03 ;
(o)    Investments consisting of Hedging Agreements permitted hereunder;
(p)    Investments consisting of the acquisition or redemption of Equity Interests of Augusta Newsprint not owned on the Closing Date by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries; provided that the consideration payable by any Loan Party for such acquisition shall consist exclusively of (i) Equity Interests of AbitibiBowater Resolute , (ii) cash generated by Augusta Newsprint and distributed to such Loan Party either (x) prior to the payment of such consideration or (y) within two Business Days following such acquisition of redemption (in the case of this clause (y) in an amount not greater than the amount of cash held by Augusta at the time of such acquisition or redemption) and/or (iii) promissory notes made by Augusta Newsprint that are non-recourse to any Loan Party or to any Subsidiary of any Loan Party (other than Augusta Newsprint)

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or to any of their respective assets (other than the assets or Equity Interests of Augusta Newsprint); and
(q)    other Investments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $ 25,000,000 35,000,000 during the term of the Agreement.
10.04.     Mergers, Consolidations, Sales of Assets and Acquisitions . Merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with any other Person, or permit any other Person to merge into or amalgamate or consolidate with it, or sell, transfer, assign, lease, sublease or otherwise dispose of (in one transaction or in a series of transactions) all or substantially all of its assets (when taken as a whole in combination with the other assets and properties of AbitibiBowater Resolute , each Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries), or purchase, lease or otherwise acquire (in one transaction or a series of transactions) all or substantially all of the assets of any other Person or of a division or other business unit of any other Person (an “ Acquisition ”), except:
(a)    (i) any Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute may merge into or consolidate with, liquidate or dissolve into, or sell, transfer, assign, lease, sublease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to, AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , (ii) any Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute may merge into or consolidate or amalgamate with, liquidate or dissolve into, or sell, transfer, assign, lease, sublease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to, any other Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater; and Resolute, (iii) any Overseas English Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute may merge into or consolidate or amalgamate with, liquidate or dissolve into, or sell, transfer, assign, lease, sublease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to, AbitibiBowater any Canadian Subsidiary or any other English Subsidiary of Resolute; and (iv) any Overseas Subsidiary of Resolute may merge into or consolidate or amalgamate with, liquidate or dissolve into, or sell, transfer, assign, lease, sublease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets to, Resolute or any other Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ; provided that, in each case, (1) if such transaction is between AbitibiBowater Resolute and a Subsidiary, then AbitibiBowater Resolute must be the Person surviving such transaction, (2) if such transaction is between a Borrower and a Subsidiary that is not a Borrower, then the Person surviving such transaction must be a Borrower, (3) if such transaction is between a Guarantor and a Subsidiary that is neither a Borrower nor a Guarantor, then the Person surviving such transaction must be a Guarantor, (4) if AbitibiBowater Resolute is not a party to such transaction, the Person surviving such a transaction must be a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , (5) if any Person other than a Wholly-Owned Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute or Wholly-Owned Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , as the case may be, receives any consideration, such transaction is also permitted by Section 10.03 and , (6) the Person surviving such transaction shall, at the time of such merger or consolidation, to the extent required , be in compliance with the requirements of Section 9.09 ; and (7) if such transaction involves an English Loan Party, the Administrative Agent shall have received evidence reasonably satisfactory to it either (x) of the continued validity and perfection of the Liens on the Collateral of such English Loan Party or (y) that Excess Availability (determined solely with respect to the Canadian Facility) is no less than $0.

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(b)    purchases of inventory, equipment, real property and other assets in the ordinary course of business;
(c)    Investments permitted by Section 10.03 ;
(d)    Sales of assets permitted under Sections 10.10 or 10.12 ; and
(e)    any Loan Party may acquire all or substantially all of the assets of a Person or line of business, unit or division of such Person, or not less than 100% of the Equity Interests of such a Person (other than directors’ qualifying shares) (in each case referred to herein as the “ Acquired Entity ”), provided that (x) the aggregate acquisition amount is less than $50,000,000 or, (y) if the aggregate acquisition amount is $50,000,000 or more, (i) all of the assets of the Acquired Entity, or line of business, unit or division of such Acquired Entity shall be primarily located in the United States or Canada, (ii)  the Acquired Entity shall be in a similar line of business as that of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, (iii) the acquisition shall not be preceded by, or effected pursuant to, an unsolicited tender offer or proxy solicitation, (iv) at the time of such transaction both before and immediately after giving effect thereto, no Event of Default or Default shall have occurred and be continuing, (v) the Permitted Acquisition Payment Conditions are satisfied at the time of such acquisition and after giving pro forma effect thereto and (vi) upon within thirty (30) days after the consummation of such acquisition (or such longer time as the Administrative Agent may approve) , the Acquired Entity and each Domestic Subsidiary and Canadian Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute thereof shall become a Loan Party if such Acquired Entity or Subsidiary would be a Material Subsidiary based on a pro forma calculation for the most recent period of four consecutive fiscal quarters in respect of which financial statements have been delivered; and AbitibiBowater Resolute and each Borrower shall comply, and shall cause their respective Subsidiaries to comply, with the other provisions of Section 9.09 applicable to such Acquired Entity or Subsidiary, or to its Equity Interests, substantially concurrently with the consummation of such acquisition or by such later date reasonably agreed by the Administrative Agent with respect to specific compliance items (any acquisition of an Acquired Entity meeting all of the criteria set forth in this paragraph (e) being referred to herein as a “ Permitted Acquisition ”).
10.05.     Restricted Payments . (a) Declare or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment or set aside any amount for any such purpose unless the Payment Conditions are satisfied both before and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment.
(b)    Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a) above:
(i)     the The transactions contemplated by the Plan of Reorganization and/or the CCAA Plan to occur on or prior to the Effective Date may be consummated on or prior to the Effective Date;
(ii)    so long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, AbitibiBowater Resolute may make Restricted Payments for the repurchase, retirement or other acquisition for value of Equity Interests of AbitibiBowater Resolute held by any future, present or former employee or director of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to any employee or director equity plan, employee or director stock option plan or

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any other employee or director benefit plan of AbitibiBowater Resolute or its Subsidiaries, provided that the aggregate price paid for all such repurchased, redeemed, acquired or retired Equity Interests may not exceed $5,000,000 in any twelve-month period; provided , further , that such amount in any twelve-month period may be increased by an amount not to exceed: (a) the cash proceeds from the sale of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of AbitibiBowater Resolute and, to the extent contributed to AbitibiBowater Resolute as common equity capital, the cash proceeds from the sale of Equity Interests of any of AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s direct or indirect parent companies, in each case to members of management, directors or consultants of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any of its Subsidiaries or any of its direct or indirect parent companies that occurs after the date hereof; plus (b) the cash proceeds of key man life insurance policies received by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Loan Party after the date hereof; and
(iii)     AbitibiBowater Resolute or its Subsidiaries may acquire the minority interest of any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute held by Persons not Affiliates of AbitibiBowater Resolute , to the extent permitted by Section 10.03 and
(iv)     AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary may make payments of dividends on Disqualified Equity Interests issued in accordance with Section 10.01 .
10.06.     Transactions with Stockholders and Affiliates . Except to the extent specifically permitted by the terms of this Agreement, directly or indirectly enter into or permit to exist any transaction (including the purchase, sale, lease or exchange of any property or the rendering of any service) with any holder of 10% or more of any class of the Equity Interests of such Person or with any Affiliate of such Person or of any such holder, on terms that are less favorable to such Person than those that could be obtained at the time from Persons that are not such a holder or Affiliate, provided that the foregoing restriction shall not apply to (a) any transaction between or among the Loan Parties or any transaction between or among Overseas Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any transaction between or among Canadian Subsidiaries (other than Loan Parties) or among English Subsidiaries (other than Loan Parties), (b)  transactions with any Person that is an Affiliate by reason of the ownership by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries of Equity Interests of such Person, (c) customary fees paid, and reimbursement of reasonable expenses, to members of the board of directors of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, (d) customary compensation (including salaries and bonuses) paid, and reimbursement of reasonable expenses, to officers and employees of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater, Resolute and (e) the transactions effected on the Effective Date in connection with the effectiveness of, and pursuant to the terms of, the Plan of Reorganization.
10.07.     Business . Engage at any time in any business other than the forest products, paper products, energy and recycling industries (including, without limitation, the manufacturing and production of paper, packaging products and wood pulp) and any business or other activities that are reasonably similar, ancillary, complementary or related to, or a reasonable extension, development or expansion of, such businesses.
10.08.     Limitations on Debt Prepayments . Optionally prepay, repurchase or redeem or otherwise optionally defease or segregate funds with respect to (collectively, “ prepay ”) any Senior

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Secured Notes or other Indebtedness; provided , however , that the foregoing will not prohibit (i) any refinancing of such Indebtedness pursuant to the issuance of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness with respect thereto that is otherwise permitted by this Agreement, (ii) the transactions effected on the Effective Date in connection with the effectiveness of, and pursuant to the terms of, the Plan of Reorganization or the CCAA Plan, (iii) prepayments of Indebtedness owed between AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries, (iv) prepayments, repurchases, redemptions or defeasances of Indebtedness with shares of common stock of AbitibiBowater Resolute or out of the Net Proceeds from the sale of common stock of AbitibiBowater Resolute or (v) any other prepayment, repurchase, redemption or defeasance of Indebtedness so long as the Payment Conditions are satisfied both before and after giving effect to such prepayment, repurchase, redemption or defeasance, as the case may be.
10.09.     Amendment of Certain Documents . (a) Amend, modify or solicit any waiver with respect to any indenture, note or any other instrument evidencing Indebtedness of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $50,000,000 (other than any such Indebtedness owed to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ), if such amendment, modification, or waiver has the effect of (i) increasing the amounts due in respect of any such indenture, note or other instrument or, other than with respect to the Senior Secured Notes, any interest rate thereunder, unless any such increase in amount would be permitted under Section 10.01 and except that any increase in any interest rate resulting from such amendment or modification will be permitted if, after giving pro forma effect thereto, AbitibiBowater Resolute could incur at least $1.00 of additional indebtedness under the Incurrence Test, (ii) subjecting any property of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to any Lien, other than Liens permitted under Section 10.02 , (iii) shortening the maturity or weighted average life of any such Indebtedness or (iv) creating or changing covenants, events of default and other terms and conditions such that the covenants, events of default and other terms and conditions become materially more adverse, when taken as a whole, to the Lenders.
(b)    Cause or suffer to exist any amendment, restatement, supplement or other modification to the certificate of incorporation (including any certificate of designation with respect to any preferred stock) or by‑laws of (or, in each case an equivalent organizational document) AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute without the prior written consent of the Required Lenders, unless such amendment, restatement, supplement or modification is not materially adverse to the interests of the Lenders hereunder or under the other Loan Documents.
10.10.     Limitation on Dispositions of Stock of Subsidiaries . Directly or indirectly sell or otherwise dispose of, or permit any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to issue to any other Person (other than to any other Loan Party or a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute ), any Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , except issuances to qualified directors if and to the extent required by applicable law, provided that nothing in this Section 10.10 shall prohibit (i) any disposition or issuance permitted by Sections 10.04 and 10.12 if such disposition or issuance is structured as the disposition or issuance of stock or other Equity Interests, (ii) the issuance of Disqualified Equity Interests permitted by

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Section 10.01 or (iii) the issuance of Equity Interests on a pro rata basis to its equity holders by any Non-Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute .
10.11.     Restrictions on Ability of Subsidiaries to Pay Dividends . Permit any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to, directly or indirectly, voluntarily create or otherwise voluntarily cause or suffer to exist or become effective any encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to (a) pay dividends or make any other distributions on its capital stock or any other interest or (b) make or repay loans or advances to any Loan Party, except for (i) encumbrances or restrictions under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, (ii) encumbrances or restrictions under the Senior Secured Notes Documents as in effect on the Sixth Amendment Effective Date (and under the Senior Secured Notes Documents as amended from time to time or any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof, in each case, so long as the encumbrances and restrictions thereunder are no more onerous, when taken as a whole, to any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute than those contained in the Senior Secured Notes Documents as in effect on the Sixth Amendment Effective Date), (iii) customary encumbrances or restrictions in joint venture agreements, asset sale agreements, sale-leaseback agreements, stock sale agreements and other similar agreements, which restrictions relate solely to the activities of such joint venture or are otherwise applicable only to the assets that are the subject to such agreement or, (iv) customary encumbrances or restrictions contained in sales of, or in agreements relating to the sale of Equity Interests or assets of any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute pending such sale, provided that such encumbrances and restrictions apply only to the Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute to be sold and such sale is permitted hereunder, (v) any such agreement imposed in connection with consignment agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business; (vi) any such restriction contained in agreements pertaining to Indebtedness of Excluded Subsidiaries permitted hereunder, (vii) customary anti-assignment provisions contained in agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business; (viii) customary subordination of subrogation, contribution and similar claims contained in guaranties permitted hereunder; (ix) encumbrances described on Schedule 10.12, (x) on cash deposits or other deposits imposed by customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, (xi) on the transfer, lease, or license of any property or asset of any Loan Party in effect on the Closing Date that were entered into in the ordinary course of business, and (xii) encumbrances or restrictions in documents governing Indebtedness assumed or incurred under Section 10.01(i) or existing with respect to any Person or the property or assets of such Person acquired by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute in an acquisition permitted hereunder, provided that such encumbrances and restrictions are not applicable to any Person or the property or assets of any Person other than such acquired Person or the property or assets of such acquired Person.
10.12.     Disposition of Collateral and Other Assets . (a) Except for any transfer or disposition permitted by paragraph (b) below, sell, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of any asset or assets, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, having a fair market value in excess of $15,000,000, unless (i) fair market value is received for such asset (such fair market value to be determined by the board of directors of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any applicable Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute in the exercise of its reasonable judgment in the case of any asset or assets with a fair market value in excess of $20,000,000), (ii) except in the case of any Asset Exchange, if the fair market value of such asset or assets is in excess of $15,000,000, at least 75%

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of the consideration received by AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute for such asset or assets shall be in cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities and (iii) except in the case of any Asset Exchange, any non-cash consideration shall consist of debt obligations of the purchaser, provided that the foregoing shall not restrict AbitibiBowater Resolute or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute from receiving debt obligations of the purchaser in an aggregate principal amount not in excess of $10,000,000 in connection with any single transaction or series of related transactions.
(b)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, AbitibiBowater Resolute shall not transfer any of its assets to any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute and none of the Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute shall transfer any of its assets to any other Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute unless (i) in the case of any asset or assets constituting Collateral, such asset or assets is transferred to a Loan Party and the Administrative Agent is satisfied that the Liens created under the Security Documents on such asset or assets shall be in full force and effect, or (ii) such transfer is permitted as an Investment under Section 10.03 , is permitted under Section 10.04 or is a sale in the ordinary course of business on terms that are not less favorable to the seller than those that could be obtained at the time from Persons that are not such a Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute .
10.13.     Accounting Changes; Fiscal Year . Make any change in (i) accounting policies or reporting practices, except as permitted or required by GAAP or (ii) the fiscal year or fiscal quarters of AbitibiBowater Resolute .
10.14.     Material Subsidiaries . (a)  Permit, as of the date on which financial statements with respect to the fiscal quarter of AbitibiBowater most-recently ended are delivered (or, if not delivered by such date, on the date required to have been delivered) pursuant to Section 9.04(a) or (b) hereof, the sum of (i) the individual revenues and assets of AbitibiBowater and each Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater that is a Loan Party and (ii) the revenues and assets of each Foreign Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater at least 65% of the voting stock and all of the non-voting Equity Interests of which has been pledged by a U.S. Loan Party as Collateral to secure the U.S. Secured Obligations and of such Foreign Subsidiary’s Subsidiaries, calculated on a consolidated basis, in each case for or as of the end of the most recent period of four consecutive fiscal quarters in respect of which financial statements have been (or were required to have been) delivered, when taken together, to account for less than 90% of AbitibiBowater’s consolidated revenues (excluding revenues of Excluded Subsidiaries and Joint Venture Subsidiaries) for, or less than 90% of AbitibiBowater’s consolidated assets (excluding assets of Excluded Subsidiaries and Joint Venture Subsidiaries) at the close of, such period of four consecutive fiscal quarters. [Reserved].
(b)    Permit on any day in any fiscal quarter of AbitibiBowater Resolute , the aggregate amount of cash held by U.S. and Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than Excluded Subsidiaries) or any English Subsidiary of Resolute that is a Guarantor hereunder in deposit accounts (other than Excluded Accounts , the Note Collateral Account , the CIBC Cash Collateral Account and the Specified Collection Accounts) that are not subject to Control Agreements to exceed $10,000,000, unless , in the case of any U.S. or Canadian Subsidiary of Resolute , during the 30-day period after the last day of such fiscal quarter, one or more of such U.S. and Canadian

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Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute are designated by AbitibiBowater Resolute as a Material Subsidiary pursuant to clause (c) of the definition thereof and enter into Control Agreements, with respect to their deposit accounts referred to above, so that, if such Control Agreement has been in effect at all times during such fiscal quarter, such $10,000,000 threshold would not have been exceeded on any day.
10.15.     Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio . During each Compliance Period, AbitibiBowater Resolute shall not permit the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for any Test Period to be less than 1.00:1.00.
10.16.     No Additional Deposit Accounts; etc. Each of AbitibiBowater Resolute and each other Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, directly or indirectly, open, maintain or otherwise have any checking, savings, deposit, securities or other accounts at any bank or other financial institution where cash or Permitted Investments are or may be deposited or maintained with any Person, other than (a) the Core Concentration Accounts set forth on Part A of Schedule 10.16 , (b) the Collection Accounts set forth on Part B of Schedule 10.16 , (c) the other Deposit Accounts set forth on Part C of Schedule 10.16 , (d) the Excluded Accounts (which, in accordance with Section 9.12(b) , shall be set forth on Part D of Schedule 10.16 ) and the Specified Collection Accounts and , (e) the securities accounts or commodities accounts set forth in Part E of Schedule 10.16 and (f) the Designated Blocked Accounts ; provided that any such Loan Party may open a new Core Concentration Account, Collection Account, other Deposit Account, securities account or commodities account not set forth in such Schedule 10.16 , so long as prior to (i) within 90 days of opening any such account ( i) AbitibiBowater or, if Excess Availability at the time such account is opened is less than $150 million, within 30 days of opening any such account), Resolute has delivered an updated Schedule 10.16 to the Administrative Agent listing such new account (other than an Excluded Account) and (ii) prior to depositing funds into any such new account (other than funds used to open such new account), in the case of any new Core Concentration Account, Collection Account, other Deposit Account, securities account or commodities account (other than an Excluded Account and other than the Note Collateral Account), the financial institution with which such account is opened, together with the applicable Loan Party which has opened such account and the applicable Loan Party shall have executed and delivered to the Administrative Agent a Control Agreement reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (or in the case of a securities account, such other control agreement as may be reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative (which agreement may also be for the benefit of the Notes Agent) ; provided further that no Designated Blocked Account shall be established other than in compliance with Section 5.04 .
10.17.     Canadian Pension Plans and Canadian Benefit Plans . (a) Make any amendment to the defined benefit provisions of a Canadian Pension Plan of any Loan Party (including, without limitation, by changing the benefits under any such Canadian Pension Plan) in a manner which (i)  increases the quantum of contributions or other funding to be made thereunder, or (ii)  increases or could result in an increase in the amount of any solvency deficiency or going concern unfunded liability thereunder; in each case, in an aggregate amount in excess of $50,000,000 or which, in the sole discretion of the Collateral Agent, compromises the priority of the security granted to it, except where such amendment is required by applicable law.

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(b)    Except as contemplated by the Plans, establish a new “registered pension plan”, as defined in subsection 248(1) of the ITA, which contains a “defined benefit provision”, as defined in subsection 147.1(1) of the ITA (other than a plan that provides only a “target benefit” or a “multi-employer pension plan”, both as defined in the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario), or an equivalent plan under the pension standards legislation of any other applicable jurisdiction in Canada, where employer contributions to such target benefit or multi-employer pension plan are determined solely by reference to a participation agreement, collective agreement, or other agreement negotiated with the bargaining agent or other representative of the employees participating in such plan and the employer has no liability for or obligation to fund any funding deficiency under such plan upon termination of the plan in whole or in part or upon the withdrawal of an employer from such plan).
(c)    Commence participation in any “multi-employer pension plan”, as defined in the Pension Benefits Act (Ontario), or an equivalent plan under pension standards legislation of any other applicable jurisdiction in Canada, except where employer contributions to such multi-employer pension plan or equivalent plan are determined solely by reference to a participation agreement, collective agreement, or other agreement negotiated with the bargaining agent or other representative of the employees participating in such plan and the employer has no liability for or obligation to fund any funding deficiency under such plan upon termination of the plan in whole or in part or upon the withdrawal of an employer from such plan, without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent.
(d)    Without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent (not to be unreasonably withheld) (i) terminate an Ontario Pension Plan, or take any action (or omit to take any action) which could reasonably be expected to allow a Governmental Authority to order the termination of any Ontario Pension Plan in whole if such Ontario Pension Plan has a solvency funding deficiency in excess of $50,000,000 or (ii) terminate any other Canadian Pension Plan in whole or in part, or take any action which could reasonably be expected to allow a Governmental Authority to order the termination of any other Canadian Pension Plan in whole or in part, if such termination could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(e)    Fail to make full payment when due of all amounts which, under the provisions of any Canadian Pension Plan, any funding agreement relating thereto, any applicable collective bargaining agreement or applicable law (including the Canadian Pension Regulations), the Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute are required to pay or remit thereto (whether as contributions or otherwise).
(f)    Without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent (not to be unreasonably withheld), except as is required by Section 10.17(e) and except for purposes of permitting commuted value transfers under applicable pension standards legislation in circumstances other than a partial plan termination, the Canadian Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute shall not make any contribution or other payment to the Canadian Pension Plans in excess of $50,000,000 more than the minimum amount thereof required to be made under applicable law (including the Canadian Pension Regulations).
(g)    Consummate any transaction that would result in any Person not already a Subsidiary becoming a Subsidiary if (i) such Person sponsors, maintains or contributes to an Ontario Pension

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Plan and (ii) a funding deficiency in excess of $100,000,000 (determined as of the most recent valuation of such plan prepared prior to the date of such transaction) exists with respect to such Ontario Pension Plan, without the prior consent of the Administrative Agent (not to be unreasonably withheld).
10.18.     ERISA No Borrower shall, nor shall it permit any ERISA Affiliate to, directly or indirectly, at any time permit any ERISA Event to occur which could, individually or in the aggregate with any other ERISA Event that has occurred, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 11. Events of Default
11.01.     Events of Default . From and after the Effective Date (and, for the avoidance of doubt, including for the purpose of determining the occurrence of the Effective Date), upon the occurrence of any of the following specified events (each, an “ Event of Default ”):
(a)    any representation or warranty made or deemed made in any Loan Document, or any representation, warranty, statement or information contained in any report, certificate, financial statement or other instrument furnished pursuant to any Loan Document, shall prove to have been false or misleading in any material respect, or in the case of any representation or warranty that is qualified as to “materiality”, “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language, shall prove to have been false or misleading in any respect, when so made, deemed made or furnished;
(b)    default shall be made in the payment of any principal of (or Face Amount of in the case of any B/A Instrument) any Loan, Note or Unpaid Drawing when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at the due date thereof or at a date fixed for prepayment thereof or by acceleration thereof or otherwise;
(c)    default shall be made in the payment of any interest on any Loan, Note or Unpaid Drawing or any Fee or any other amount (other than an amount referred to in paragraph (b) above) due under any Loan Document, when and as the same shall become due and payable, and such default shall continue unremedied for a period of three Business Days;
(d)    default shall be made in the due observance or performance by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Borrower of any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Section 9.01 (with respect to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Borrower), 9.02 , 9.04(h) , 9.04(i) , 9.04(l), 9.05(a) , 9.05(f) , 9.07 , 9.12 , 9.13(b) or in Section 10 ;
(e)    default shall be made in the due observance or performance by any Loan Party or any of their respective Subsidiaries of any covenant, condition or agreement contained in any Loan Document (other than those defaults specified in paragraph (b) , (c) or (d) above) and such default shall continue unremedied for a period of 30 days (or 15 days solely in the case of Section 9.04(a) , 9.04(b) , 9.04(c) , 9.04(d) or 9.13(a) , 9.13(c) or 9.13(d) ) after the earlier of (i) actual knowledge thereof on the part of a Responsible Officer of a Loan Party or (ii) written notice thereof from the Administrative Agent at the request of any Lender to AbitibiBowater Resolute ;

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(f)     AbitibiBowater Resolute , any other Borrower or any Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than a Joint Venture Subsidiary or an Excluded Subsidiary) shall (i) fail to pay any principal or interest, regardless of amount, due in respect of any Material Indebtedness, when and as the same shall become due and payable (after giving effect to any applicable grace or notice and cure period), or (ii) fail to observe or perform any other term, covenant, condition or agreement contained in any agreement or instrument evidencing or governing any such Material Indebtedness (after giving effect to any applicable grace or notice and cure period), if the effect of any failure referred to in this clause (ii) is to cause, or to permit the holder or holders of such Indebtedness or a trustee on its or their behalf to cause, such Material Indebtedness to become due prior to its stated maturity, provided that this paragraph (f) shall not apply to secured Material Indebtedness that becomes due as a result of the voluntary sale or transfer of the property or asset securing such Indebtedness;
(g)    at any time after the Effective Date, an involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed in a court of competent jurisdiction seeking (i) relief in respect of AbitibiBowater Resolute , any other Borrower, any other Loan Party or any Material Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than a Joint Venture Subsidiary or an Excluded Subsidiary), or of a substantial part of the property or assets of any such Person, under any Insolvency Law, (ii) the appointment of a receiver, interim receiver, receiver and manager, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for any such Person or for a substantial part of the property or assets of any such Person or (iii) the winding‑up or liquidation of any such Person; and such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed for 60 days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered;
(h)     AbitibiBowater Resolute , any other Borrower, any other Loan Party or any Material Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than a Joint Venture Subsidiary or an Excluded Subsidiary) shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking relief under any Insolvency Law, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or the filing of any petition described in paragraph (g) above, (iii) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, interim receiver, receiver and manager, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for any such Person or for a substantial part of the property or assets of any such Person, (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding, (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (vi) become unable, admit in writing its inability or fail generally to pay its debts as they become due or (vii) take any action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(i)    one or more judgments for the payment of money, individually or in the aggregate, in an amount in excess of $25,000,000 (in each case to the extent not adequately covered by insurance proceeds as to which the insurance company has acknowledged coverage pursuant to a writing reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent), shall be rendered against AbitibiBowater Resolute , any other Borrower (other than a Joint Venture Subsidiary or an Excluded Subsidiary) or any of their respective Subsidiaries or any combination thereof and the same shall remain undischarged for a period of 30 consecutive days during which execution shall not be effectively stayed, vacated, discharged or satisfied;

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(j)    an ERISA Event shall have occurred that, when taken together with all other ERISA Events that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
(k)    the termination, in whole or in part, of any Canadian Pension Plan or any other event with respect to any Canadian Pension Plan which, when taken together with all other terminations of Canadian Pension Plans and other events with respect to Canadian Pension Plans that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;
(l)    there shall have occurred a Change in Control;
(m)    any Lien purported to be created by any Security Document shall cease to be, or shall be asserted by any Loan Party not to be, a valid, perfected first priority (or, in the case of the Notes Priority Collateral, second priority, but second in priority only in respect of the obligations under the Senior Secured Notes) Lien on (i) any Collateral (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or such Security Document) with a fair market value or book value (whichever is greater) in excess, individually or in the aggregate, of $10,000,000, or (ii) any ABL Priority Collateral (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or such Security Document) with a fair market value or book value (whichever is greater) in excess, individually or in the aggregate, of $5,000,000, in each case, except to the extent that any such loss of perfection, priority or rank results from the failure of the Collateral Agent to maintain possession of certificates representing securities pledged under the Security Documents or otherwise take any action within its control (including the filing of UCC continuation statements or similar filings or registrations under the applicable laws of any other jurisdiction); provided that in the case of the failure of any such Lien to be a valid, perfected first (or second) priority Lien, which failure is susceptible of cure, such failure shall have continued without cure for a period of 10 days after the earlier of (x) actual knowledge thereof on the part of a Responsible Officer of a Loan Party or (y) written notice thereof from the Administrative Agent at the request of any Lender to AbitibiBowater Resolute ;
(n)    any Loan Document shall not be for any reason (other than by reason and in respect of provisions thereof which are not permitted by applicable law), or shall be asserted by the Loan Party (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or such Loan Document) not to be, in full force and effect and enforceable in all material respects in accordance with its terms;
(o)    the Loan Document Obligations shall cease to constitute, or shall be asserted by any Loan Party (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or such Loan Document) not to constitute, senior indebtedness under the subordination provisions of any subordinated Indebtedness of any Loan Party, or any such subordination provisions shall be invalidated or otherwise cease to be a legal, valid and binding obligation of the parties thereto, enforceable in accordance with its terms; or
(p)    there shall have occurred any Insurance Policy Event;
then, and in any such event, and at any time thereafter, if any Event of Default shall then be continuing, the Administrative Agent, upon the written request of the Required Lenders, shall by written notice to the Borrowers, take any or all of the following actions, without prejudice to the rights of the Administrative Agent, any Lender or the holder of any Note to enforce its claims against any Loan

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Party ( provided that, if an Event of Default specified in Section 11.01(g) or (h) shall occur with respect to any Borrower, the result which would occur upon the giving of written notice by the Administrative Agent as specified in clauses (i) and (ii) below, shall occur automatically without the giving of any such notice): (i) declare the Total Commitment terminated, whereupon all the Commitments of each Lender shall forthwith terminate immediately and any Commitment Fees shall forthwith become due and payable without any other notice of any kind; (ii) declare the principal (and Face Amounts in the case of any B/A Instrument) of and any accrued interest in respect of all Loans and the Notes and all Obligations owing hereunder and thereunder to be, whereupon the same shall become, forthwith due and payable without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by each Loan Party; (iii) terminate any Letter of Credit which may be terminated in accordance with its terms; (iv) (x) direct the U.S. Borrowers to pay (and the U.S. Borrowers jointly and severally agree that upon receipt of such notice, or upon the occurrence of an Event of Default specified in Section 11.01(g) or (h) with respect to any U.S. Borrower, they will pay) to the Collateral Agent at the Payment Office such additional amount of cash or Permitted Investments, to be held as security by the Collateral Agent, as is equal to the aggregate stated amounts of all Letters of Credit issued for the account of any U.S. Borrower and then outstanding and (y) direct the Canadian Borrowers to pay (and the Canadian Borrowers jointly and severally agree that upon receipt of such notice, or upon the occurrence of an Event of Default specified in Section 11.01(g) or (h) with respect to any Canadian Borrower, they will pay) to the Collateral Agent at the Payment Office such additional amount of cash or Permitted Investments, to be held as security by the Collateral Agent, as is equal to the aggregate stated amounts of all Letters of Credit issued for the account of any Canadian Borrower and then outstanding; (v) subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement any applicable intercreditor agreement , enforce, as Collateral Agent, all of the Liens and security interests created pursuant to the Security Documents; (vi) enforce the guarantee under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement; and (vii) apply any cash collateral held by the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 5.02 to the repayment of the Obligations.
11.02.     Application of Proceeds . (a) Subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement any applicable intercreditor agreement , upon the exercise of any of the remedies provided in the last paragraph of Section 11.01 , all moneys collected by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent (or, to the extent any Security Document executed by a Loan Party requires proceeds of collateral thereunder to be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, the pledgee, assignee, mortgagee or other corresponding party under such Security Document) upon any sale or other disposition of the Collateral, together with all other moneys received by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent hereunder (or, to the extent any Security Document executed by a Loan Party requires proceeds of collateral thereunder to be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, the pledgee, assignee, mortgagee or other corresponding party under such Security Document) upon any exercise of remedies hereunder, shall be applied, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Sections 5.03(e) and 5.03(f) , 5.03(g) and 5.03(g), as follows:
(i)     first , to all amounts owing to the Collateral Agent pursuant to any of the Loan Documents in its capacity as such in respect of (x) the preservation of Collateral or its

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security interest in the Collateral or (y) the exercise of any remedies provided in the last paragraph of Section  11.01 ;
(ii)     second , to the extent proceeds remain after the application pursuant to preceding clause (i), to all amounts owing to any Agent pursuant to any of the Loan Documents in its capacity as such;
(iii)     third , to the extent proceeds remain after the application pursuant to preceding clauses (i) and (ii), to an amount equal to the outstanding Primary U.S. Loan Party Obligations shall be paid to the Secured Parties as provided in Section 11.02(e) , with each Secured Party receiving an amount equal to its outstanding Primary U.S. Loan Party Obligations or, if the proceeds are insufficient to pay in full all such Primary U.S. Loan Party Obligations, its Pro Rata Share of the amount remaining to be distributed;
(iv)     fourth , to the extent proceeds remain after the application pursuant to preceding clauses (i) through (iii), inclusive, to an amount equal to the outstanding Primary Obligations (including Primary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ) shall be paid to the Secured Parties as provided in Section 11.02(e) , with each Secured Party receiving an amount equal to its outstanding Primary Obligations (including Primary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ) or, if the proceeds are insufficient to pay in full all such Primary Obligations (including Primary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ), its Pro Rata Share of the amount remaining to be distributed;
(v)     fifth , to the extent proceeds remain after the application pursuant to preceding clauses (i) through (iv), inclusive, to an amount equal to the outstanding Secondary U.S. Loan Party Obligations shall be paid to the Secured Parties as provided in Section 11.02(e) , with each Secured Party receiving an amount equal to its outstanding Secondary U.S. Loan Party Obligations or, if the proceeds are insufficient to pay in full all such Secondary U.S. Loan Party Obligations, its Pro Rata Share of the amount remaining to be distributed;
(vi)     sixth , to the extent proceeds remain after the application pursuant to preceding clauses (i) through (v), inclusive, to an amount equal to the outstanding Secondary Obligations (including Secondary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ) shall be paid to the Secured Parties as provided in Section 11.02(e) , with each Secured Party receiving an amount equal to its outstanding Secondary Obligations (including Secondary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ) or, if the proceeds are insufficient to pay in full all such Secondary Obligations (including Secondary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ), its Pro Rata Share of the amount remaining to be distributed;
(vii)     seventh , to the extent proceeds remain after the application pursuant to preceding clauses (i) through (vi), inclusive, to an amount equal to the outstanding Tertiary Obligations shall be paid to the Secured Parties as provided in Section 11.02(e) , with each Secured Party

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receiving an amount equal to its outstanding Tertiary Obligations or, if the proceeds are insufficient to pay in full all such Tertiary Obligations, its Pro Rata Share of the amount remaining to be distributed; and
(viii)     eighth , to the extent proceeds remain after the application pursuant to preceding clauses (i) through (vii), inclusive, and following the Discharge of ABL Obligations, to the extent that the Notes Agent shall have notified the Administrative Agent that the Discharge of Notes Obligations (as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement) has occurred payment in full of all Secured Obligations , to the relevant Loan Party, their successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct or as otherwise required by the Intercreditor Agreement .
For purposes of this Agreement: (i) “ Pro Rata Share ” shall mean, when calculating a Secured Party’s portion of any distribution or amount, that amount (expressed as a percentage) equal to a fraction the numerator of which is the then unpaid amount of such Secured Party’s Primary U.S. Loan Party Obligations, Primary Obligations (including Primary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ), Secondary U.S. Loan Party Obligations, Secondary Obligations (including Secondary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations) or Tertiary Obligations, as the case may be, and the denominator of which is the then outstanding amount of all Primary U.S. Loan Party Obligations, Primary Obligations (including Primary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations ), Secondary U.S. Loan Party Obligations, Secondary Obligations (including Secondary Obligations which are also Canadian Loan Party Obligations or English Loan Party Obligations) or Tertiary Obligations, as the case may be, (ii) “ Primary Obligations ” shall mean (x) all Loan Document Obligations with respect to principal (or Face Amount, as applicable) of, premium, fees and interest on, Loans, Unpaid Drawings, the Stated Amount of outstanding Letters of Credit and Fees, (y) all Qualified Secured Hedging Obligations other than obligations with respect to indemnities, fees (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees) and similar obligations and liabilities, and (z) all Qualified Secured Cash Management Services Obligations other than obligations with respect to indemnities, fees (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees) and similar obligations and liabilities, (iii) “ Secondary Obligations ” shall mean all Loan Document Obligations, all Qualified Secured Hedging Obligations and all Qualified Secured Cash Management Services Obligations, in each case other than Primary Obligations, (iv) “ Tertiary Obligations ” shall mean (x) all Hedging Obligations under Secured Hedging Agreements and (y) all Cash Management Services Obligations under Secured Cash Management Agreements, in each case other than Primary Obligations and Secondary Obligations, (v) “ Primary U.S. Loan Party Obligations ” shall mean all Primary Obligations which are also U.S. Loan Party Obligations, (vi) “ Secondary U.S. Loan Party Obligations ” shall mean all Secondary Obligations which are also U.S. Loan Party Obligations. The obligations of the Loan Parties in respect of the Guarantees made by them pursuant to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, as applicable, shall constitute Primary Obligations, Secondary Obligations or Tertiary Obligations to the extent the obligations so guaranteed constitute Primary Obligations, Secondary Obligations or Tertiary Obligations, respectively; provided however , that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the obligations of the U.S. Loan Parties in respect of such Guarantees of Canadian Secured Obligations or English Secured

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Obligations shall in no event constitute Primary Obligations (and any such obligations that, but for this proviso, would constitute Primary Obligations shall instead constitute Secondary Obligations).
(b)    When payments to Secured Parties are based upon their respective Pro Rata Shares (other than in respect of Tertiary Obligations), the amounts received by such Secured Parties hereunder shall be applied (for purposes of making determinations under this Section 11.02 only) (i) first , to their Primary Obligations and (ii) second , to their Secondary Obligations. If any payment to any Secured Party of its Pro Rata Share of any distribution would result in overpayment to such Secured Party, such excess amount shall instead be distributed in respect of the unpaid Primary Obligations or Secondary Obligations, as the case may be, of the other Secured Parties, with each Secured Party whose Primary Obligations or Secondary Obligations, as the case may be, have not been paid in full to receive an amount equal to such excess amount multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the unpaid Primary Obligations or Secondary Obligations, as the case may be, of such Secured Party and the denominator of which is the unpaid Primary Obligations or Secondary Obligations, as the case may be, of all Secured Parties entitled to such distribution.
(c)    Each of the Secured Parties, by their acceptance of the benefits hereof and of the Security Documents executed by a Loan Party, agrees and acknowledges that if the Secured Parties receive a distribution on account of undrawn amounts with respect to Letters of Credit issued under this Agreement (which shall only occur after all Unpaid Drawings have been paid in full), such amounts shall be paid to the Administrative Agent and held by it, for the equal and ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, as cash security for the repayment of Secured Obligations owing by the Loan Parties to the Secured Parties as such. If any amounts are held as cash security pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence, then upon the termination of all outstanding Letters of Credit under this Agreement, and after the application of all such cash security to the repayment of all other Secured Obligations owing by the Loan Parties to the Secured Parties after giving effect to the termination of all such Letters of Credit, if there remains any excess cash, such excess cash shall be returned by the Administrative Agent to the Collateral Agent for distribution in accordance with Section 11.02(a) .
(d)    Subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement any applicable intercreditor agreement , all payments required to be made hereunder shall be made (x) if to the Lender Creditors, to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lender Creditors, (y) if to the Hedging Creditors, to the trustee, paying agent or other similar representative (each, a “ Representative ”) for the Hedging Creditors or, in the absence of such a Representative, directly to the Hedging Creditors and (z) if to the Cash Management Creditors, directly to the Cash Management Creditors.
(e)    For purposes of applying payments received in accordance with this Section 11.02 , the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to rely upon (i) the Administrative Agent, (ii) the Representative or, in the absence of such a Representative, upon the Hedging Creditors and (iii) the Cash Management Creditors for a determination (which the Administrative Agent and each other Secured Party agrees (or shall agree) to provide upon request of the Collateral Agent) of the outstanding Secured Obligations of the Loan Parties owed to the Secured Parties. Unless it has received written notice from a Secured Party to the contrary, the Administrative Agent, in furnishing information pursuant to the preceding sentence, and the Collateral Agent, in acting hereunder,

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shall be entitled to assume that no Secondary Obligations are outstanding. Unless it has written notice from a Hedging Creditor or a Cash Management Creditor to the contrary, the Collateral Agent, in acting hereunder, shall be entitled to assume that no Secured Hedging Agreements or Secured Cash Management Agreements are in existence.
(f)    Subject to the other limitations (if any) set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, it is understood that the Loan Parties shall remain liable (as and to the extent set forth in the Loan Documents) to the extent of any deficiency between the amount of the proceeds of the Collateral and the aggregate amount of the Secured Obligations of the Loan Parties.
(g)    It is understood and agreed by each Loan Party and each Secured Party that the Collateral Agent shall have no liability for any determinations made by it in this Section 11.02 (including, without limitation, as to whether given Collateral constitutes Notes Priority Collateral Assets or ABL Priority Collateral), in each case except to the extent resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Collateral Agent (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable decision). Each Loan Party and each Secured Party also agrees that the Collateral Agent may (but shall not be required to), at any time and in its sole discretion, and with no liability resulting therefrom, petition a court of competent jurisdiction regarding any application of Collateral in accordance with the requirements hereof and of the Intercreditor Agreement , and the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to wait for, and may conclusively rely on, any such determination.
(h)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the Canadian Loan Parties and the English Loan Parties shall not be required to repay or prepay, or to guarantee, nor shall any proceeds in respect of Collateral of the Canadian Loan Parties or the English Loan Parties and payments by the Canadian Loan Parties or the English Loan Parties be applied to, direct obligations (excluding obligations as guarantor of the Canadian Loan Parties or the English Loan Parties ) of the U.S. Loan Parties.
SECTION 12. The Agents.Appointment
12.02.     Nature of Duties . (a) The Agents shall not have any duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents. No Agent nor any of its officers, directors, agents, employees or affiliates shall be liable for any action taken or omitted by it or them hereunder or under any other Loan Document or in connection herewith or therewith, unless caused by its or their gross negligence or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable decision). The duties of the Agents shall be mechanical and administrative in nature; the Agents shall not have by reason of this Agreement or any other Loan Document a fiduciary relationship in respect of any Lender or the holder of any Note; and nothing in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document, expressed or implied, is intended to or shall be so construed as to impose upon the Agents any obligations in respect of this Agreement or any other Loan Document except as expressly set forth herein or therein.
(b)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or any provision of any other Loan Document, the Syndication Agent, the Documentation Agent, the Lead Arrangers and the Senior

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Managing Agents are named as such for recognition purposes only, and in its capacity as such shall have no powers, duties, responsibilities, obligations or liabilities with respect to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby; it being understood and agreed that the Syndication Agent, the Documentation Agent, the Lead Arrangers and the Senior Managing Agents shall be entitled to all indemnification and reimbursement rights in favor of the Administrative Agent as, and to the extent, provided for under Sections 12.06 and 13.01 . Without limitation of the foregoing, the Syndication Agent, the Documentation Agent, the Lead Arrangers and the Senior Managing Agents shall not, solely by reason of this Agreement or any other Loan Documents, have any fiduciary relationship in respect of any Lender or any other Person.
(c)    In connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated hereby (including in connection with any amendment, waiver or other modification hereof or of any other Loan Document), each Loan Party acknowledges and agrees that: (i)(A) the arranging and other services regarding this Agreement provided by the Agents and the Lead Arrangers are arm’s-length commercial transactions between AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers and their respective Affiliates, on the one hand, and the Administrative Agent and the Lead Arrangers, on the other hand, (B) each Loan Party has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate and (C) each Loan Party is capable of evaluating, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Loan Documents; (ii)(A) each Agent and Lead Arranger is and has been acting solely as a principal and, except as expressly agreed in writing by the relevant parties, has not been, is not, and will not be acting as an advisor, agent or fiduciary for AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers or any of their respective Affiliates, or any other Person and (B) neither the Administrative Agent nor any Lead Arranger has any obligation to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers or any of their respective Affiliates with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby except those obligations expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents; and (iii) the Administrative Agent and the Lead Arrangers and their respective Affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of each Loan Party and their respective Affiliates, and no Agent or Lead Arranger has any obligation to disclose any of such interests to the Loan Parties or their respective Affiliates. To the fullest extent permitted by law, each Loan Party hereby waives and releases any claims that it may have against the Agents and the Lead Arrangers with respect to any breach or alleged breach of agency or fiduciary duty in connection with any aspect of any transaction contemplated hereby.
12.03.     Lack of Reliance on the Agents . Independently and without reliance upon the Agents, each Lender and the holder of each Note, to the extent it deems appropriate, has made and shall continue to make (a) its own independent investigation of the financial condition and affairs of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries in connection with the making and the continuance of the Loans and the taking or not taking of any action in connection herewith and (b) its own appraisal of the creditworthiness of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries and, except as expressly provided in this Agreement, no Agent shall have any duty or responsibility, either initially or on a continuing basis, to provide any Lender or the holder of any Note with any credit or other information with respect thereto, whether coming into its possession before the making of the Loans or at any time or times thereafter. No Agent shall be responsible to any Lender or the holder

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of any Note for any recitals, statements, information, representations or warranties herein or in any document, certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or for the due execution, effectiveness, legality, genuineness, validity, enforceability, perfection, collectability, priority, sufficiency or value of this Agreement, any other Loan Document, any other agreements or certificates, requests, notices or opinions of counsel or for any recitals, statements, warranties or representations contained in the Loan Documents or in any such instrument, or the financial statements of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries or be required to ascertain or make any inquiry concerning either the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions, covenants, conditions, agreements or obligations of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or the creditworthiness or financial condition of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, or the existence or possible existence of any Default or Event of Default.
12.04.     Certain Rights of the Administrative Agent . If the Administrative Agent shall request instructions from the Required Lenders with respect to any act or action (including failure to act) in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to refrain from such act or taking such action unless and until the Administrative Agent shall have received instructions from the Required Lenders; and the Administrative Agent shall not incur liability to any Lender by reason of so refraining. Without limiting the foregoing, neither any Lender nor the holder of any Note shall have any right of action whatsoever against the Administrative Agent as a result of the Administrative Agent acting or refraining from acting hereunder or under any other Loan Document in accordance with the instructions of the Required Lenders. The Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action which exposes the Administrative Agent to personal liability or which is contrary to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or applicable law, regulation or contract. The Lenders hereby acknowledge that none of the Agents shall be under any duty to take any discretionary action permitted to be taken by it pursuant to this Agreement unless it shall be requested in writing to do so by the Required Lenders or, where required, all the Lenders.
12.05.     Reliance . Each Agent shall, in the absence of actual knowledge to the contrary, be entitled to accept any certificate furnished pursuant to any Loan Document as conclusive evidence of the facts stated therein and shall be entitled to rely, and shall be fully protected in relying, upon any note, writing, resolution, notice, consent, affidavit, letter, statement, certificate, telex, teletype or telecopier message, cablegram, radiogram, order or other document or telephone message signed, sent or made by any Person that such Agent believed to have been signed or sent by the proper Person, and, with respect to all legal matters pertaining to this Agreement and any other Loan Document and its duties hereunder and thereunder, upon advice of counsel selected by such Agent. Each Agent may consult with legal counsel selected by it in connection with matters arising under the Loan Documents and any action taken or suffered in good faith by it in accordance with the opinion of such counsel shall be full justification and protection to it. Each Agent may exercise any of its powers and rights and perform any duty under the Loan Documents through agents or attorneys.
12.06.     Indemnification . To the extent any Agent (or any affiliate thereof) is not reimbursed and indemnified by the Borrowers (and without limiting the obligations of the Borrowers to do so), the Lenders will reimburse and indemnify such Agent (and any affiliate thereof) in proportion

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to their respective “percentage” as used in determining the Required Lenders (determined as if there were no Defaulting Lenders) for and against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, claims, actions, judgments, costs, expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and disbursements) or disbursements of whatsoever kind or nature which may be imposed on, asserted against or incurred by such Agent (or any affiliate thereof) in performing its respective duties hereunder or under any other Loan Document or in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided that no Lender shall be liable for any portion of such liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, claims, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements resulting from such Agent’s (or such affiliates’ thereof) gross negligence or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable decision).
12.07.     Agents in their Individual Capacities . With respect to its obligation to make Loans, or issue or participate in Letters of Credit, under this Agreement, each Agent shall have the rights and powers specified herein for a “Lender” and may exercise the same rights and powers as though it were not performing the duties specified herein; and the term “ Lender ”, “ Required Lenders ”, “ Majority Facility Lenders ”, “ Super-Majority Facility Lenders ”, “holders of Notes” or any similar terms shall, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, include such Agent in its respective individual capacities. Each Agent and its respective affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, and generally engage in any kind of banking, investment banking, trust or other business with, or provide debt financing, equity capital or other services (including financial advisory services) to any Loan Party or any Affiliate of any Loan Party (or any Person engaged in a similar business with any Loan Party or any Affiliate thereof) as if they were not performing the duties specified herein, and may accept fees and other consideration from any Loan Party or any Affiliate of any Loan Party for services in connection with this Agreement and otherwise without having to account for the same to the Lenders.
12.08.     Holders . The Administrative Agent may deem and treat the payee of any Note as the owner thereof for all purposes hereof unless and until a written notice of the assignment, transfer or endorsement thereof, as the case may be, shall have been filed with the Administrative Agent. Any request, authority or consent of any Person who, at the time of making such request or giving such authority or consent, is the holder of any Note shall be conclusive and binding on any subsequent holder, transferee, assignee or endorsee, as the case may be, of such Note or of any Note or Notes issued in exchange therefor.
12.09.     Resignation and Removal of Agents . (a) The Administrative Agent (for purposes of this Section 12.09(a) through (f) , the term “Administrative Agent” also shall include Citibank, in its capacity as Collateral Agent hereunder and pursuant to the Security Documents) may resign from the performance of all its respective functions and duties hereunder and/or under the other Loan Documents at any time by giving 30 days’ prior written notice to the Lenders and, unless an Event of Default under Section 11.01(g) or (h) then exists, AbitibiBowater Resolute . Any such resignation by an Administrative Agent hereunder shall also constitute its resignation as an Issuing Lender and the a Swingline Lender, in which case the resigning Administrative Agent (x) shall not be required to issue any further Letters of Credit or make any additional Swingline Loans hereunder and (y) shall maintain all of its rights as Issuing Lender or Swingline Lender, as the case may be,

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with respect to any Letters of Credit issued by it or Swingline Loans made by it prior to the date of such resignation. Such resignation shall take effect upon the appointment of a successor Administrative Agent pursuant to clauses (b) and (c) below or as otherwise provided below.
(b)    Upon any such notice of resignation by the Administrative Agent, the Required Lenders shall appoint a successor Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents who shall be a commercial bank or trust company reasonably acceptable to AbitibiBowater Resolute , which acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed ( provided that AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s approval shall not be required if an Event of Default then exists).
(c)    If a successor Administrative Agent shall not have been so appointed within such 30 day period, the Administrative Agent, with the consent of AbitibiBowater Resolute (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, provided that AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s consent shall not be required if an Event of Default then exists) may then appoint a successor Administrative Agent who shall serve as Administrative Agent hereunder or thereunder until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided above.
(d)    In the event that (i) no successor Administrative Agent has been appointed pursuant to clause (b) or (c) above and (ii) the Administrative Agent elects by notice to the Lenders that the provisions of this sentence shall apply, the Administrative Agent’s resignation shall nonetheless become effective in accordance with the notice of resignation and (1) the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents (except that in the case of any collateral security held by the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders under any of the Loan Documents, the retiring Administrative Agent shall continue to hold such collateral security as nominee until such time as a successor Administrative Agent is appointed), (2) the Required Lenders shall thereafter perform all the duties of the Administrative Agent hereunder and/or under any other Loan Document until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided above and (3) all payments, communications and determinations provided to be made by, to or through the Administrative Agent shall instead be made by or to each Lender directly, until such time as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided above. Upon the acceptance of a successor’s appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring (or retired) Administrative Agent, and the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from all of its duties and obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents (if not already discharged therefrom as provided above in this paragraph).
(e)    The Required Lenders may at any time when the Administrative Agent has become the subject of a proceeding under Insolvency Law, or had a receiver, conservator, trustee or custodian appointed for it, upon no less than thirty (30) days’ prior notice, replace the Administrative Agent. The successor Administrative Agent shall not be the subject of a proceeding under the Insolvency Law, or had a receiver, conservator, trustee or custodian appointed for it and shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the replaced Administrative Agent, and the replaced Administrative Agent shall be discharged from all of its duties and

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obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents. The fees payable by the Borrowers to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Borrowers and such successor. The provisions of this Section 12 and Section 13.01 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such replaced Administrative Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Affiliates in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while the replaced Administrative Agent was acting as Administrative Agent. Any such replacement of an Administrative Agent hereunder shall automatically, and with no further action required on the part of the Administrative Agent, constitute the resignation of the Administrative Agent in its capacity as an Issuing Lender and the a Swingline Lender, in which case the replaced Administrative Agent (x) shall not be required to issue any further Letters of Credit or make any additional Swingline Loans hereunder and (y) shall maintain all of its rights as Issuing Lender or Swingline Lender, as the case may be, with respect to any Letters of Credit issued by it and Swingline Loans made by it prior to the date of such replacement.
(f)    Upon a resignation, replacement or removal of the Administrative Agent pursuant to this Section 12.09 , the Administrative Agent shall remain indemnified to the extent provided in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and the provisions of this Section 12 (and the analogous provisions of the other Loan Documents) shall continue in effect for the benefit of the Administrative Agent for all of its actions and inactions while serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents.
12.10.     Collateral and Other Matters . (a) Each Lender (including in their its capacity as a Swingline Lender, Issuing Lender, Agent and/or Lead Arranger, as the case may be) authorizes and directs the Collateral Agent to enter into (i) the Security Documents, the Intercreditor Agreement and (ii) the 2008 CIBC Letter of Credit Facility Intercreditor Agreement , (iii) an intercreditor agreement having substantially the same terms as the Previous Intercreditor Agreement or such other terms as may be reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent in connection with the incurrence of Liens on Notes Priority Assets as contemplated Section 10.02(a)(iii) and (iv) any other security agreements for the purpose of securing the Secured Obligations by Liens on Notes Priority Assets as contemplated by Section 10.02(a)(iii) (and each Lender authorizes the Administrative Agent to amend this Agreement to effect such technical and administrative changes as may be necessary or desirable in connection therewith), in each case for the benefit of the Lenders and the other Secured Parties. Each Lender hereby agrees, and each holder of any Note by the acceptance thereof will be deemed to agree, that, except as otherwise set forth herein, any action taken by the Required Lenders in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement or the Security Documents, and the exercise by the Required Lenders of the powers set forth herein or therein, together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto, shall be authorized and binding upon all of the Lenders. The Collateral Agent is hereby authorized on behalf of all of the Lenders, without the necessity of any notice to or further consent from any Lender, from time to time prior to an Event of Default, to take any action with respect to any Collateral or Security Documents which may be necessary to perfect and maintain perfected the security interest in and liens upon the Collateral granted pursuant to the Security Documents.
(b)    The Lenders hereby authorize and direct the Collateral Agent, at its option and in its discretion, to release or subordinate (as the case may be) any Lien granted to or held by the Collateral

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Agent upon any Collateral and the Guarantees under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and/or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and/or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement (i) upon termination of the Total Commitment (and all Letters of Credit and Bankers’ Acceptances (or the obligations in an amount of 103% of outstanding stated amounts are cash collateralized), and payment and satisfaction of all of the Obligations (other than inchoate indemnification obligations and other contingent obligations not due and payable) at any time arising under or in respect of this Agreement or the Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, (ii) constituting property being sold or otherwise disposed of (to Persons other than Loan Parties) upon the sale or other disposition thereof in compliance with Section 10.12 , or consummation of any transaction permitted hereunder as a result of which any Guarantor ceases to be a Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute , (iii) if approved, authorized or ratified in writing by the Required Lenders (or all of the Lenders hereunder, to the extent required by Section 13.12 ) or (iv) as otherwise may be expressly provided in the relevant Security Documents or in the Intercreditor Agreement any applicable intercreditor agreement . Upon request by the Administrative Agent at any time, the Lenders will confirm in writing the Collateral Agent’s authority to release particular types or items of Collateral pursuant to this Section 12.10 .
(c)    The Collateral Agent shall have no obligation whatsoever to the Lenders or to any other Person to assure that the Collateral exists or is owned by any Loan Party or is cared for, protected or insured or that the Liens granted to the Collateral Agent herein or pursuant hereto have been properly or sufficiently or lawfully created, perfected, protected or enforced or are entitled to any particular priority, or to exercise or to continue exercising at all or in any manner or under any duty of care, disclosure or fidelity any of the rights, authorities and powers granted or available to the Collateral Agent in this Section 12.10 , in any of the Security Documents or in the Intercreditor Agreement any applicable intercreditor agreement , it being understood and agreed that in respect of the Collateral, or any act, omission or event related thereto, the Collateral Agent may act in any manner it may deem appropriate, in its sole discretion, given the Collateral Agent’s own interest in the Collateral as one of the Lenders and that the Collateral Agent shall have no duty or liability whatsoever to the Lenders, except for its gross negligence or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable decision).
(d)    The Collateral Agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers hereunder or under any other Loan Document by or through, or delegate any and all such rights and powers to, any one or more sub-agents, trustees or third parties appointed by the Collateral Agent. The Collateral Agent (and any such sub-agent, trustee or third party) may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through their respective Affiliates. The exculpatory and indemnification provisions of this Section 12 and Section 13.01 shall apply to any such sub-agent, trustee or third party and to their respective Affiliates to the same extent that such provisions apply to the Collateral Agent.
12.11.     Delivery of Information . The Administrative Agent shall not be required to deliver to any Lender originals or copies of any documents, instruments, notices, communications or other information received by the Administrative Agent from any Loan Party, any Subsidiary thereof, the Required Lenders, any Lender or any other Person under or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document except (a) as specifically provided in this Agreement or any other

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Loan Document and (b) as specifically requested from time to time in writing by any Lender with respect to a specific document, instrument, notice or other written communication received by and in the possession of the Administrative Agent at the time of receipt of such request and then only in accordance with such specific request.
12.12.     Quebec Security . Without limiting the powers of the Collateral Agent hereunder or under any of the other Loan Documents, each Secured Party hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Collateral Agent shall, for purposes of holding any security granted by any Loan Party or by any Affiliate or Subsidiary of any Loan Party on property pursuant to the laws of the Province of Quebec to secure obligations of such Loan Party or such Affiliate or Subsidiary under any bond or debenture (the “ Quebec Secured Obligations ”), be the holder of an irrevocable power of attorney ( fondé de pouvoir ) (within the meaning of the Civil Code of Québec ) for all present and future Secured Parties and holders of any bond or debenture. Each of the Secured Parties, for itself and for all present and future Affiliates that are or may become Secured Parties hereby irrevocably constitutes, to the extent necessary, the Collateral Agent as the holder of an irrevocable power of attorney ( fondé de pouvoir ) (within the meaning of Article 2692 of the Civil Code of Québec ) in order to hold security granted by any of the Loan Parties or by any of their Affiliates or Subsidiaries to secure the Quebec Secured Obligations. Furthermore, each of the Secured Parties hereby appoints the Collateral Agent to act in the capacity of the holder and depositary of such bond or debenture on its own behalf as Collateral Agent and for and on behalf and for the benefit of all present and future Secured Parties. Each assignee (for itself and for all present and future Affiliates) of a Secured Party shall be deemed to have confirmed and ratified the constitution of the Collateral Agent as the holder of such irrevocable power of attorney ( fondé de pouvoir ) by execution of the relevant Assignment and Assumption Agreement or other relevant documentation relating to such assignment. Each Secured Party that is not an assignee of a Secured Party that executes this Agreement shall be deemed to have confirmed and ratified the constitution of the Collateral Agent as fondé de pouvoir by the execution of the Loan Documents to which it is a party. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 32 of the An Act respecting the special powers of legal persons (Quebec), the Collateral Agent may acquire and be the holder of any bond or debenture. The Loan Parties hereby ratify and confirm such appointment and acknowledge that such bond or debenture constitutes a title of indebtedness, as such term is used in Article 2692 of the Civil Code of Québec . The Secured Parties also hereby ratify any deed of hypothec executed by the Collateral Agent as fondé de pouvoir prior to the execution of this Agreement.

SECTION 13. Miscellaneous .
13.01.     Payment of Expenses, etc . (a) The Borrowers hereby jointly and severally agree to: (i) whether or not the transactions herein contemplated are consummated, pay all reasonable and documented, in the case of expenses not related to enforcement, out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including Expenses) of the Agents (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Agents and any local counsel retained by the Agents, and the reasonable and documented fees and expenses in connection with the appraisals and collateral examinations required pursuant to Sections 6(t) and 9.06(b) ) in connection with the preparation, negotiation, execution, delivery, consummation and administration of this Agreement and the other

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Loan Documents and the documents and instruments referred to herein and therein and any actual or proposed amendment, waiver or consent relating hereto or thereto, of the Agents and their respective Affiliates in connection with their syndication efforts with respect to this Agreement and of the Agents, the Issuing Lenders in connection with the Letter of Credit Back-Stop Arrangements entered into by such Persons, and of each of the Agents and Lenders in connection with the enforcement (whether through negotiations, legal proceedings or otherwise) of any rights and remedies under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including all such costs and expenses incurred during any legal proceeding, including any proceeding under any Insolvency Law) and the documents and instruments referred to herein and therein or in connection with any refinancing or restructuring of the credit arrangements provided under this Agreement in the nature of a “work-out” or pursuant to any insolvency or bankruptcy proceedings (including, in each case without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel); (ii) pay and hold the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the each Swingline Lender, each of the Issuing Lenders and each of the Lenders harmless from and against any and all present and future stamp, excise and other similar documentary taxes with respect to the foregoing matters and save the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the each Swingline Lender, each of the Issuing Lenders and each of the Lenders harmless from and against any and all liabilities with respect to or resulting from any delay or omission (other than to the extent attributable to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the such Swingline Lender, such Issuing Lender or such Lender) to pay such taxes; and (iii) indemnify the Administrative Agent (including without limitation in its capacity as agent for the Borrowers pursuant to Section  13.05 13.15 ), the Collateral Agent, the each Swingline Lender, each Issuing Lender and each Lender, and each of their respective officers, directors, employees, representatives, agents, Affiliates, trustees, attorneys and investment advisors (each, an “ Indemnified Person ”) from and hold each of them harmless against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, claims, demands, actions (including removal or remedial actions), judgments, suits, costs, expenses and disbursements (including attorneys’ and consultants’ fees and disbursements) (collectively, “ Indemnified Costs ”) incurred by, imposed on or assessed against any of them as a result of, or arising out of, or in any way related to, or by reason of, (A) the execution, delivery, enforcement, performance or administration of any Loan Document or any other agreement, letter or instrument delivered in connection with the transactions contemplated thereby or the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, (B) any Commitment, Loan or Letter of Credit or the use or proposed use thereof or of the proceeds therefrom, (C) the actual or alleged presence of Hazardous Materials in the air, surface water or groundwater or on the surface or subsurface of any real property or facility at any time owned, leased, used or operated by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, the generation, storage, transportation, handling or disposal of Hazardous Materials by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries at any location, whether or not owned, leased or operated by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, the non compliance by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries with any Environmental Law (including applicable permits thereunder) applicable to any current or former real property, or any environmental claim asserted against AbitibiBowater Resolute , any of its Subsidiaries or any real property at any time owned, leased or operated by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries, including, in each case, without limitation, the fees and disbursements of counsel and other consultant incurred in connection with any such investigation, litigation or other proceeding or (D) any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether based on contract,

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tort or any other theory (including any investigation of, preparation for, or defense of any pending or threatened claim, investigation, litigation or proceeding) and regardless of whether any Indemnified Person is a party thereto, in all cases, whether or not caused by or arising, in whole or in part, out of the negligence of the Indemnified Person; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnified Person, be available to the extent that such liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, claims, demands, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements resulted from the gross negligence, or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Person or of any affiliate, director, officer, partner, employee, agent or attorney-in-fact of such Indemnified Person, as determined by the final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction. No Indemnified Person shall be liable for any damages arising from the use by others of any information or other materials obtained through IntraLinks or other similar information transmission systems in connection with this Agreement, nor shall any Indemnified Person or the Borrowers or any Subsidiary have any liability for any special, punitive, indirect or consequential damages relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or arising out of its activities in connection herewith or therewith (whether before or after the Closing Date). In the case of an investigation, litigation or other proceeding to which the indemnity in this Section 13.01 applies, such indemnity shall be effective whether or not such investigation, litigation or proceeding is brought by any Loan Party, any Subsidiary of any Loan Party, any Loan Party’s directors, stockholders or creditors or an Indemnified Person or any other Person, whether or not any Indemnified Person is otherwise a party thereto and whether or not any of the transactions contemplated hereunder or under any of the other Loan Documents are consummated. To the extent that the undertaking to indemnify, pay or hold harmless any Indemnified Person set forth in this Section 13.01 may be unenforceable because it is violative of any law or public policy, the Borrowers jointly and severally shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the indemnified liabilities which is permissible under applicable law. In addition, the Borrowers jointly and severally agree to reimburse the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Collateral Agent for all reasonable third party administrative, audit and monitoring expenses incurred in connection with the Borrowing Base and determinations thereunder.
(b)    To the full extent permitted by applicable law, each of the parties hereto shall not assert, and hereby waives, any claim against any other party hereto, on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential or incidental damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, this Agreement or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, any Loan or the use of the proceeds thereof. No Indemnified Person shall be liable for any damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of any information or other materials distributed by it through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems in connection with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except to the extent the liability of such Indemnified Person results from such Indemnified Person’s (or its related parties’) gross negligence or willful misconduct or material breach of its express contractual obligations under the Loan Documents (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non appealable decision).
(c)    The provisions of this Section 13.01 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the expiration of the term of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions

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contemplated hereby, the repayment of any of the Loans, termination of any Commitments, the resignation of any Agent, the replacement of any Lender, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Administrative Agent or any Lender. All amounts due under this Section 13.01 shall be payable promptly after written demand therefor.
13.02.     Right of Setoff . In addition to any rights now or hereafter granted under applicable law or otherwise, and not by way of limitation of any such rights, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, each Issuing Lender and each Lender is hereby authorized at any time or from time to time, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind to any Loan Party or to any other Person, any such notice being hereby expressly waived, to set off and to appropriate and apply to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) and any other Indebtedness at any time held or owing by the Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, such Issuing Lender or such Lender (including, without limitation, by branches and agencies of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, such Issuing Lender or such Lender wherever located) to or for the credit or the account of AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries against and on account of the Obligations and liabilities of the Loan Parties to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, such Issuing Lender or such Lender under this Agreement or under any of the other Loan Documents, including, without limitation, all interests in Obligations purchased by such Lender pursuant to Section 13.04(b) , and all other claims of any nature or description arising out of or connected with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, irrespective of whether or not the Administrative Agent, such Issuing Lender or such Lender shall have made any demand hereunder and although said Obligations, liabilities or claims, or any of them, shall be contingent or unmatured or denominated in a different currency from that of the applicable deposit or Indebtedness; provided that, the provisions of this Section 13.02 shall not be construed to apply to any payment made by the Borrowers pursuant to and in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement. The rights of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, each Issuing Lender and each Lender under this Section 13.02 are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, each Issuing Lender and each Lender may have.
13.03.     Notices . Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all notices and other communications provided for hereunder shall be in writing (including telecopier communication, facsimile transmission or electronic mail) and mailed, telecopied, transmitted or delivered: if to any Lender, at its address, facsimile number or electronic mail address specified on Schedule 13.03 ; if to the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, at the Notice Office; or, if to any Loan Party, at 1155 Metcalfe Street, Suite 800, Montréal, Québec, H3B 5H2 Canada, Attention: Chief Financial Officer (Fax No. (514) 394-2241) with copies to 1155 Metcalfe Street, Suite 800, Montréal, Québec, H3B 5H2 Canada, Attention: General Counsel (Fax No. (514) 394-3644) and Troutman Sanders LLP, 600 Peachtree St., N.E., Suite 5200, Atlanta, GA 30308-2216, Attention: Hazen H. Dempster (Fax No. (404) 962-6544); or in each case (other than with respect to a Lender), at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a written notice to the other parties hereto and, as to each Lender, at such other address, facsimile number or electronic mail address as shall be designated by such Lender in a written notice to

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AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent. All such notices and communications shall, when mailed, telecopied, faxed, mailed electronically or sent by overnight courier, be effective when deposited in the mails or overnight courier, as the case may be, or sent by telecopier or electronic mail, except that notices and communications to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Loan Parties shall not be effective until received by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, AbitibiBowater Resolute or the other Loan Parties, as the case may be.
13.04.     Benefit of Agreement; Assignments; Participations . (a) This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the respective successors and assigns of the parties hereto (including any affiliate of any Issuing Lender that issues any Letter of Credit); provided , however , that neither AbitibiBowater Resolute nor any Borrower may assign or transfer any of their rights, obligations or interest hereunder without the prior written consent of the Lenders which consent will not be given unless the assignee or transferee is a member of the same “wholly-owned group” as each of the Borrowers; and, provided further , that a Lender may transfer, assign or grant participations in its rights hereunder as provided in Section 2.13 and this Section) and, provided further , that no Lender shall transfer or grant any participation under which the participant shall have rights to approve any amendment to or waiver of this Agreement or any other Loan Document except to the extent such amendment or waiver would (i) extend the final scheduled maturity of any Loan, Note or Letter of Credit (unless such Letter of Credit is not extended beyond the Revolving Loan Maturity Date) in which such participant is participating, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest or Fees thereon (except in connection with a waiver of applicability of any post default increase in interest rates) or reduce the principal amount thereof (it being understood that any amendment or modification to the financial definitions in this Agreement or to Section 13.07 shall not constitute a reduction in the rate of interest or Fees payable hereunder), or increase the amount of the participant’s participation over the amount thereof then in effect (it being understood that a waiver of any Default or Event of Default or of a mandatory reduction in the Total Commitment shall not constitute a change in the terms of such participation, and that an increase in any Commitment (or the available portion thereof) or Loan shall be permitted without the consent of any participant if the participant’s participation is not increased as a result thereof), (ii) consent to the assignment or transfer by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Borrower of any of its rights and obligations under this Agreement or (iii) release all or substantially all of the Collateral under any or all of the Security Documents (except as expressly provided in the Loan Documents) supporting the Loans or Letters of Credit hereunder in which such participant is participating. In the case of any such participation, the participant shall not have any rights under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (the participant’s rights against such Lender in respect of such participation to be those set forth in the agreement executed by such Lender in favor of the participant relating thereto) and all amounts payable by the Borrowers hereunder shall be determined as if such Lender had not sold such participation. Each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as an agent of the Borrowers, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each participant’s interest in the Loans or other obligations under the Loan Documents (the “ Participant Register ”); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register to any Person (including the identity of any participant or any information relating to a participant’s interest in any commitments, loans, letters

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of credit or its other obligations under any Loan Document) except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such commitment, loan, letter of credit or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The Borrowers agree that any purchaser of a participation in such Loans so acquired may exercise any and all rights of banker’s lien, setoff, counterclaim or otherwise with respect to any and all moneys owing by the Borrowers to such purchaser as fully as if such purchaser were a Lender acquiring such Loans hereunder in the amount of such participation so long as such participant complies with Section 13.16 as if it were a Lender prior to such exercise.
(b)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Lender (or any Lender together with one or more other Lenders) may (x) assign all or a portion of its Commitments under a Facility and related outstanding Obligations (or, if the Commitments with respect to the relevant Facility have terminated, outstanding Obligations) hereunder to (i) (A) its parent company and/or any affiliate of such Lender which is at least 50% owned by such Lender or its parent company or (B) one or more other Lenders or any affiliate of any such other Lender which is at least 50% owned by such other Lender or its parent company ( provided that any fund (which fund, together with its Affiliates, has a combined capital and surplus in excess of $500,000,000) that invests in loans and is managed or advised by the same investment advisor of another fund which is a Lender (or by an Affiliate of such investment advisor) shall be treated as an affiliate of such other Lender for the purposes of this sub clause (x)(i)(B)); provided that no such assignment may be made to any such Person that is, or would at such time constitute, a Defaulting Lender or (ii) in the case of any Lender that is a fund that invests in loans, any other fund (which fund, together with its Affiliates, has a combined capital and surplus in excess of $500,000,000) that invests in loans managed or advised by the same investment advisor of any Lender or by an Affiliate of such investment advisor or (y) assign all, or if less than all, a portion equal to at least $2,500,000, in each case in the aggregate for the assigning Lender or assigning Lenders, of such Commitments and related outstanding Obligations (or, if the Commitments with respect to the relevant Facility have terminated, outstanding Obligations) hereunder to one or more Eligible Transferees (treating any fund that invests in loans and any other fund that invests in loans and is managed or advised by the same investment advisor of such fund or by an Affiliate of such investment advisor as a single Eligible Transferee), each of which assignees shall become a party to this Agreement as a Lender by execution of an Assignment and Assumption Agreement, provided that (t) at such time, Schedule 1.01(a) shall be deemed modified to reflect the Commitments and/or outstanding Revolving Loans, as the case may be, of such new Lender and of the existing Lenders, (u) upon the surrender of the relevant Notes by the assigning Lender (or, upon such assigning Lender’s indemnifying the applicable Borrowers for any lost Note pursuant to a customary indemnification agreement) new Notes will be issued, at the Borrowers’ joint and several expense, to such new Lender and to the assigning Lender upon the request of such new Lender or assigning Lender, such new Notes to be in conformity with the requirements of Section 2.05 (with appropriate modifications) to the extent needed to reflect the revised Commitments and/or outstanding Revolving Loans, as the case may be, (v) the consents (not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned) of each Issuing Lender and the each Swingline Lender, shall be required in connection with any such assignment, (w) the consent of the Administrative Agent and AbitibiBowater Resolute shall be required in connection with any such assignment pursuant to clause (y) above (such consents, in any case, not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned); provided that no consent of

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AbitibiBowater Resolute shall be required (i) for an assignment in respect of the primary syndication of the Commitments or (ii) if a Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and provided further , that AbitibiBowater Resolute shall be deemed to have consented to any such assignment unless it shall object thereto by written notice to the Administrative Agent within five Business Days after having received notice thereof, (x) the Administrative Agent shall receive at the time of each such assignment, from the assigning or assignee Lender, the payment of a non-refundable assignment fee of $3,500 and (y) no such transfer or assignment will be effective until recorded by the Administrative Agent on the Register pursuant to Section 13.15 . To the extent of any assignment pursuant to this Section 13.04(b) , the assigning Lender shall be relieved of its obligations hereunder with respect to its assigned Commitments and outstanding Revolving Loans. At the time of each assignment pursuant to this Section 13.04(b) or Section 2.13 or 2.14 to a Person which is not already a Lender hereunder and which is not a United States person (as such term is defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) for Federal income tax purposes, the respective assignee Lender shall, to the extent legally entitled to do so, provide to AbitibiBowater Resolute and the Administrative Agent the appropriate Internal Revenue Service Forms (and, if applicable, a Section  5.04 5.05 (b)(ii) Certificate ) described in Section  5.04 5.05 (b) . In addition, at the time of each assignment pursuant to this Section 13.04(b) or Section 2.13 or 2.14 to a Person which is not already a Lender hereunder, the respective assignee Lender shall, to the extent legally entitled to do so and at the reasonable request of AbitibiBowater Resolute , file any certificate or document or furnish to the relevant Borrower and the Administrative Agent, such certificate or document that may be necessary to establish any available exemption from, or reduction of, any Taxes, as described in Section  5.04 5.05 (c), (f) or (g) . To the extent that an assignment of all or any portion of a Lender’s Commitments and related outstanding Obligations pursuant to Section 2.13 or this Section 13.04(b) would, at the time of such assignment, result in increased costs under Section 2.10 or 3.06 from those being charged by the respective assigning Lender prior to such assignment, then the Borrowers shall not be obligated to pay such increased costs (although the Borrowers, in accordance with and pursuant to the other provisions of this Agreement, shall be obligated to pay any other increased costs of the type described above resulting from changes after the date of the respective assignment). A Lender may only assign all or a portion of its Commitments hereunder if that assignment would result in at least two Lenders under this Agreement.
(c)    Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or prohibit any Lender from pledging its Loans and Notes hereunder to a Federal Reserve Bank in support of borrowings made by such Lender from such Federal Reserve Bank and, with prior notification to the Administrative Agent (but without the consent of the Administrative Agent or AbitibiBowater Resolute ), any Lender which is a fund may pledge all or any portion of its Loans and Notes to its trustee or to a collateral agent providing credit or credit support to such Lender in support of its obligations to such trustee, such collateral agent or a holder of such obligations, as the case may be. No pledge pursuant to this clause (c) shall release the transferor Lender from any of its obligations hereunder.
(d)    Any Lender which assigns all of its Commitments and/or Revolving Loans hereunder in accordance with Section 13.04(b) shall cease to constitute a “Lender” hereunder, except with respect to indemnification provisions under this Agreement (including, without limitation,

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Sections 2.10 , 2.11 , 3.06, 5.04 , 12.06 , 13.01 and  13.06 ), which shall survive as to such assigning Lender.
13.05.     No Waiver; Remedies Cumulative . No failure or delay on the part of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the any Swingline Lender, any Issuing Lender or any Lender in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder or under any other Loan Document and no course of dealing between AbitibiBowater Resolute , any other Borrower or any other Loan Party and the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the any Swingline Lender, any Issuing Lender or any Lender shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder or under any other Loan Document preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege hereunder or thereunder. The rights, powers and remedies herein or in any other Loan Document expressly provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, powers or remedies which the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the any Swingline Lender, any Issuing Lender or any Lender would otherwise have. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan or issuance of a Letter of Credit shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether any Agent or Lender may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time of such funding or issuance. No notice to or demand on any Loan Party in any case shall entitle any Loan Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances or constitute a waiver of the rights of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the any Swingline Lender, any Issuing Lender or any Lender to any other or further action in any circumstances without notice or demand.
13.06.     Payments Pro Rata . (a) Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Administrative Agent agrees that promptly after its receipt of each payment from or on behalf of any Borrower in respect of any Obligations hereunder, the Administrative Agent shall distribute such payment to the Lenders entitled thereto (other than any Lender that has consented in writing to waive its pro rata share of any such payment) pro rata based upon their respective shares, if any, of the Obligations with respect to which such payment was received.
(b)    Each of the Lenders agrees that, if it should receive any amount hereunder (whether by voluntary payment, by realization upon security, by the exercise of the right of setoff or banker’s lien, by counterclaim or cross action, by the enforcement of any right under the Loan Documents, or pursuant to a secured claim under Section 506 of Title 11 of the United States Code or other security or interest arising from, or in lieu of, such secured claim, received by such Lender under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law or otherwise, or otherwise), which is applicable to the payment of the principal of, or interest on, the Loans, Unpaid Drawings, Commitment Fees or Letter of Credit Fees, of a sum which with respect to the related sum or sums received by other Lenders is in a greater proportion than the total of such Obligation then owed and due to such Lender bears to the total of such Obligation then owed and due to all of the Lenders immediately prior to such receipt, then such Lender receiving such excess payment shall purchase for cash without recourse or warranty from the other Lenders an interest in the Obligations of the respective Loan Party to such Lenders in such amount as shall result in a proportional participation by all the Lenders in such amount; provided that if all or any portion of such excess amount is thereafter recovered from such Lenders, such purchase shall be rescinded and the purchase price

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restored to the extent of such recovery, but without interest; provided further , the provisions of this Section 13.06(b) shall not be construed to apply to (x) any payment obtained by a Lender as consideration for the assignment of or sale of a participation in any of its Revolving Loans or participations in Letter of Credit Outstandings or Swingline Loans to any assignee or participant other than a Borrower or any Affiliate thereof or (y) any payment pursuant to the penultimate paragraph of Section 2.10(a) .
(c)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions of the preceding Sections 13.06(a) and (b) shall be subject to the express provisions of this Agreement which require, or permit, differing payments to be made to Non-Defaulting Lenders as opposed to Defaulting Lenders.
13.07.     Computations . All computations of interest (except as provided in Section 2.15 ), Commitment Fees and other Fees (other than Drawing Fees) hereunder shall be made on the basis of a year of 360 days (except for interest calculated by reference to clause (a) of the definition of Base Rate or clause (i) of the definition of Canadian Prime Rate, which shall be based on a year of 365 or 366 days, as applicable) for the actual number of days (including the first day but excluding the last day; except that in the case of Letter of Credit Fees and Facing Fees, the last day shall be included) occurring in the period for which such interest, Commitment Fees or Fees are payable.
13.08.     GOVERNING LAW; SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . (a) THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS (OTHER THAN AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS) SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, INCLUDING SECTIONS 5 1401 AND 5 1402 OF TITLE 14 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW BUT EXCLUDING ALL OTHER CHOICE OF LAW AND CONFLICTS OF LAWS RULES THEREOF. ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT MAY BE BROUGHT IN THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK OR OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, IN EACH CASE WHICH ARE LOCATED IN THE COUNTY OF NEW YORK, AND, BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY ACCEPTS FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS. EACH OF ABITIBIBOWATER RESOLUTE AND EACH BORROWER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY DESIGNATES, APPOINTS AND EMPOWERS ABITIBIBOWATER RESOLUTE AS ITS AUTHORIZED DESIGNEE, APPOINTEE AND AGENT TO RECEIVE, ACCEPT AND ACKNOWLEDGE FOR AND ON ITS BEHALF, AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, SERVICE OF ANY AND ALL LEGAL PROCESS, SUMMONS, NOTICES AND DOCUMENTS WHICH MAY BE SERVED IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING ; PROVIDED THAT DURING THE PERIOD PRIOR TO THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE PLAN OF REORGANIZATION EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO SUBMITS TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE U.S. BANKRUPTCY COURT WITH RESPECT TO MATTERS RELATING HERETO . IF FOR ANY REASON SUCH AUTHORIZED DESIGNEE, APPOINTEE AND AGENT SHALL CEASE TO BE AVAILABLE

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TO ACT AS SUCH, EACH OF ABITIBIBOWATER RESOLUTE AND EACH BORROWER AGREES TO DESIGNATE A NEW AUTHORIZED DESIGNEE, APPOINTEE AND AGENT IN NEW YORK CITY ON THE TERMS AND FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS PROVISION REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. EACH OF ABITIBIBOWATER RESOLUTE AND EACH BORROWER HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM THAT ANY SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER SUCH LOAN PARTY, AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM, IN ANY LEGAL ACTION PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT BROUGHT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS, THAT SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER SUCH LOAN PARTY. EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT FURTHER IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF PROCESS OUT OF ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY THE MAILING OF COPIES THEREOF BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL, POSTAGE PREPAID, TO SUCH LOAN PARTY AT ITS ADDRESS SET FORTH OPPOSITE ITS SIGNATURE BELOW, SUCH SERVICE TO BECOME EFFECTIVE 30 DAYS AFTER SUCH MAILING. EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION TO SUCH SERVICE OF PROCESS AND FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING COMMENCED HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS WAS IN ANY WAY INVALID OR INEFFECTIVE. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, ANY LENDER OR THE HOLDER OF ANY NOTE TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR TO COMMENCE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS OR OTHERWISE PROCEED AGAINST ABITIBIBOWATER RESOLUTE AND EACH BORROWER IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION.
(b)    EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY OF THE AFORESAID ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT BROUGHT IN THE COURTS REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (a) ABOVE AND HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY SUCH COURT THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM.
(c)    EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.
13.09.     Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the different parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. A set of counterparts executed by all the parties hereto shall be lodged with AbitibiBowater Resolute

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and the Administrative Agent. Delivery of an executed counterpart hereof by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be as effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart hereof.
13.10.     Effectiveness . (a) This Agreement shall become binding on the parties hereto when:
(i)    the Administrative Agent shall have received from each party hereto either (x) a counterpart of this Agreement signed on behalf of such party or (y) evidence satisfactory to the Administrative Agent (which may include a facsimile or other electronic transmission) that such party has signed a counterpart of this Agreement;
(ii)    The U.S. Bankruptcy Court shall have entered an order in form and substance satisfactory to the Lead Arrangers approving AbitibiBowater Resolute ’s and the other U.S. Borrowers’ execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, including the payment of fees, expenses, indemnities and other amounts contemplated hereby, and approving as an administrative expense claim against AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other U.S. Borrowers the indemnification, cost reimbursement obligations and fee obligations accruing or payable in respect of periods or events occurring on or prior to the Effective Date, which order shall be in full force and effect, unstayed, final and non-appealable (except with respect to those appeals and other filings by Peter I. Shah), and shall not have been amended, supplemented or otherwise modified without the written consent of the Lead Arrangers, reversed or vacated; and
(iii)    The Sanction Order shall be in full force and effect, unstayed, final and non-appealable, and shall not have been amended, supplemented or otherwise modified without the written consent of the Lead Arrangers, reversed or vacated.
(b)    The obligation of each Lender to make Loans, and the obligation of each Issuing Lender to issue Letters of Credit shall arise on the date (the “ Effective Date ”) which occurs after the Closing Date on which the conditions contained in Section 6 and 7 are met to the satisfaction of the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders. Unless the Administrative Agent has received actual notice from any Lender that the conditions described in the preceding sentence have not been met to its satisfaction, upon the Administrative Agent’s good faith determination that the conditions described in the immediately preceding sentence have been met, then the Effective Date shall be deemed to have occurred, regardless of any subsequent determination that one or more of the conditions thereto had not been met (although the occurrence of the Effective Date shall not release AbitibiBowater Resolute , any Borrower or any other Loan Party from any liability for failure to satisfy one or more of the applicable conditions contained in Section 6 or 7 ). The Administrative Agent will give AbitibiBowater Resolute , the other Borrowers and each Lender prompt written notice of the occurrence of the Effective Date.
13.11.     Headings Descriptive . The headings of the several sections and subsections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not in any way affect the meaning or construction of any provision of this Agreement.
13.12.     Amendment or Waiver; etc . (a) Neither this Agreement nor any other Loan Document nor any terms hereof or thereof may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated

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unless such change, waiver, discharge or termination is in writing signed by the respective Loan Parties party hereto or thereto and the Required Lenders (although (x) additional parties may be added hereto or thereto (and annexes may be modified to reflect such additions) in accordance with the terms hereof or thereof without the consent of the Required Lenders and (y) Subsidiaries of AbitibiBowater Resolute (other than the Borrowers) may be released from, the guarantee under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, as the case may be, and the relevant Security Documents pursuant to the terms thereof); provided that no such change, waiver, discharge or termination shall (i) without the consent of each Lender directly affected thereby, extend the final scheduled maturity of any Loan or Note or extend the stated expiration date of any Letter of Credit beyond the Revolving Loan Maturity Date, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest or Fees thereon (except in connection with the waiver of applicability of any post-default increase in interest rates), or reduce (or forgive) the principal amount thereof or (ii) without the consent of each Lender (A) release all or substantially all of the Collateral (except in connection with the Discharge of ABL payment in full of all Secured Obligations as expressly provided in the Loan Documents) under all Security Documents, all or substantially all of the Loan Parties (except in connection with the Discharge of ABL payment in full of all Secured Obligations as expressly provided in the Loan Documents) under the guarantee under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement or any Borrower (except (x) in connection with the Discharge of ABL payment in full of all Secured Obligations as expressly provided in the Loan Documents or (y) following the payment in full in cash of the Canadian Facility Obligations (other than unasserted contingent and indemnification obligations), termination of all Canadian Facility Commitments and reduction of all exposure under any Canadian Facility Letters of Credit issued and any Bankers’ Acceptances to zero (or the making of other arrangements satisfactory to the issuers thereof), any Canadian Borrower) from this Agreement or under the guarantee under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, as the case may be, (B) subordinate the Liens granted to or held by the Collateral Agent upon all or substantially all of the Collateral or subordinate in right of payment all or substantially all of the Guarantees under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (it being understood that lien subordinations provided for in the Intercreditor or the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement shall not require any consent pursuant to this clause (B)) , (C) amend, modify or waive any provision of this Section 13.12(a) or Section 13.06 (except for technical amendments with respect to additional extensions of credit pursuant to this Agreement which afford the protections to such additional extensions of credit of the type provided to the Commitments on the Effective Date), (D) reduce the “majority” voting threshold specified in the definition of Required Lenders, (E) consent to the assignment or transfer by AbitibiBowater Resolute or any other Borrower of any of their rights and obligations under this Agreement or any other Loan Document to which it is a party or (F) amend the priority of payments set forth in Section 5.03(e) , 5.03(f) or , 5.03(g), 5.03(g) or 11.02 or any priority of payments in provisions in the Security Documents setting forth the application of proceeds; provided further , that no such change, waiver, discharge or termination shall (1) increase the Commitments of any Lender over the amount thereof then in effect without the consent of such Lender (it being understood that waivers or modifications of conditions precedent, covenants, Defaults or Events of Default or of a mandatory reduction in the Total

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Commitment shall not constitute an increase of the Commitments of any Lender, and that an increase in the available portion of the Commitments of any Lender shall not constitute an increase of the Commitments of such Lender), (2) without the consent of each Issuing Lender, amend, modify or waive any provision of Section 3 or alter its rights or obligations with respect to Letters of Credit, (3) without the consent of the each Swingline Lender, alter the Swingline Lender’s its rights or obligations with respect to Swingline Loans, (4) without the consent of the Administrative Agent, amend, modify or waive any provision of Section 12 or any other provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document as same relates to the rights or obligations of the Administrative Agent, (5) without the consent of the Collateral Agent, amend, modify or waive any provision relating to the rights or obligations of the Collateral Agent, (6) without the consent of the Super-Majority Facility Lenders, (x) amend or expand any of the following definitions, in each case the effect of which would be to increase the amounts available for borrowing hereunder: Canadian Borrowing Base, U.S. Borrowing Base, Borrowing Base, Eligible Accounts, Eligible Inventory (including, in each case, the defined terms used therein) (it being understood that the establishment, modification or elimination of Reserves, in each case by the Collateral Agent in accordance with the terms hereof, will not be deemed to require a Super-Majority Facility Lender consent), (y) decrease the frequency of Borrowing Base Certificate deliveries required pursuant to Section 9.04(h) or (z) increase the percentage of any Borrowing Base for which Agent Advances may be made pursuant to Section 2.01(e) or (7) without the consent of Non-Defaulting Lenders the sum of whose Commitments (or, after the termination of all Commitments, outstanding Individual Exposures) at such time represents at least 75% of the Total Commitment in effect at such time less the Commitments of all Defaulting Lenders (or, after the termination of all Commitments, the sum of then total outstanding Individual Exposures of all Non-Defaulting Lenders at such time), amend the definition of Super-Majority Facility Lenders.
(b)    If, in connection with any proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination of or to any of the provisions of this Agreement as contemplated by the first proviso to Section 13.12(a) , the consent of the Required Lenders is obtained but the consent of one or more of such other Lenders whose consent is required is not obtained, then the Borrowers shall have the right, so long as all non-consenting Lenders whose individual consent is required are treated as described below, to replace each such non-consenting Lender or Lenders with one or more Replacement Lenders pursuant to Section 2.13 so long as at the time of such replacement, each such Replacement Lender consents to the proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination.
(c)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in clause (a) above of this Section 13.12 , the Borrowers, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and each Incremental Lender may, in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.14 enter into an Incremental Commitment Agreement, provided that after the execution and delivery by the Borrowers, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and each such Incremental Lender of such Incremental Commitment Agreement, such Incremental Commitment Agreement may thereafter only be modified in accordance with the requirements of clause (a) above of this Section 13.12 .
(d)      Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in clause (a) above of this Section 13.12, in accordance with Amendment No. 6, the Lenders party to Amendment No. 6 hereby authorize the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent to enter into any amendments to the Security

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Documents as are necessary or advisable to cause the Secured Obligations to become secured by Liens on Notes Priority Assets as contemplated by Section 10.02(a)(iii).
( d e )    If a fee is to be paid by any Borrower in connection with any waiver or amendment hereunder, the agreement evidencing such amendment or waiver may (but shall not be required to), at the discretion of Administrative Agent, provide that only Lenders executing such agreement by a specified date may share in such fee (and in such case may (but shall not be required to), at the discretion of Administrative Agent, be divided among the applicable Lenders on a pro rata basis without including the interests of any Lenders which have not timely executed such agreement).
13.13.     Survival; Continuing Obligation . (i) All indemnities set forth herein including, without limitation, in Sections 2.10 , 2.11 , 3.06 , 5.04 , 12.06 and 13.01 , and in each other Loan Document, are a continuing obligation of each Loan Party, separate from each of their other respective obligations, and shall survive the execution, delivery and termination of this Agreement, any other Loan Document and the Notes and the making and repayment of the Obligations and (ii) any settlement or discharge of any claim under any indemnity in a Loan Document will be conditional on no payment made under that indemnity being avoided or set aside or ordered to be refunded by virtue of any provision of any enactment relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or liquidation.
13.14.     Domicile of Loans . Each Lender may transfer and carry its Loans at, to or for the account of any office, Subsidiary or Affiliate of such Lender. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, to the extent that a transfer of Loans pursuant to this Section 13.14 would, at the time of such transfer, result in increased costs under Section 2.10 , 2.11 , 3.06 or 5.04 from those being charged by the respective Lender prior to such transfer, then the Borrowers shall not be obligated to pay such increased costs (although the Borrowers shall be jointly and severally obligated to pay any other increased costs of the type described above resulting from changes after the date of the respective transfer).
13.15.     Register . The Borrowers hereby designate the Administrative Agent to serve as their non-fiduciary agent, solely for purposes of this Section 13.15 , to maintain a register (the “ Register ”) on which it will record the Commitments from time to time of each of the Lenders, the Loans made by each of the Lenders and each repayment in respect of the principal amount of the Loans of each Lender. The entries in the Register shall be conclusive in the absence of manifest error. Failure to make any such recordation, or any error in such recordation, shall not affect the Borrowers’ obligations in respect of such Loans. With respect to any Lender, the transfer of the Commitments of such Lender and the rights to the principal of, and interest on, any Loan made pursuant to such Commitments shall not be effective until such transfer is recorded on the Register maintained by the Administrative Agent with respect to ownership of such Commitments and Loans and prior to such recordation all amounts owing to the transferor with respect to such Commitments and Loans shall remain owing to the transferor. The registration of assignment or transfer of all or part of any Commitments and Loans shall be recorded by the Administrative Agent on the Register only upon the acceptance by the Administrative Agent of a properly executed and delivered Assignment and Assumption Agreement pursuant to Section 13.04(b) (including as contemplated by Section 2.13 ). Coincident with the delivery of such an Assignment and

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Assumption Agreement to the Administrative Agent for acceptance and registration of assignment or transfer of all or part of a Loan, or as soon thereafter as practicable, the assigning or transferor Lender shall surrender the Note (if any) evidencing such Loan, and thereupon one or more new Notes in the same aggregate principal amount shall be issued to the assigning or transferor Lender and/or the new Lender at the request of any such Lender. Any provision of Incremental Commitments pursuant to Section 2.14 shall be recorded by the Administrative Agent on the Register only upon the acceptance of the Administrative Agent of a properly executed and delivered Incremental Commitment Agreement.
13.16.     Confidentiality . (a) Subject to the provisions of clause (b) of this Section 13.16 , each Agent, each Lender and each Issuing Lender agrees that it will not disclose any Confidential Information to any Person without the prior consent of AbitibiBowater Resolute ; provided that nothing herein shall prevent any Agent, Issuing Lender or any Lender from disclosing any such information (a) to the extent required pursuant to the order of any court or administrative agency or in any pending legal or administrative proceeding, or otherwise as required by applicable law or compulsory legal process (in which case the respective Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender, to the extent permitted by law, agrees to inform AbitibiBowater Resolute promptly thereof), (b) to the extent required upon the request or demand of any regulatory authority having jurisdiction over such Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender or any of their respective Affiliates (in which case, the respective Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender to the extent permitted, agrees to inform AbitibiBowater Resolute promptly thereof; although no such notice to AbitibiBowater Resolute shall be required in connection with ordinary course reviews by any such regulatory authority), (c) to the extent that such information becomes publicly available other than by reason of improper disclosure by the respective Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender or any of its Affiliates, (d) to the extent that such information is received by the respective Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender on a non-confidential basis from a third party that is not to its knowledge subject to confidentiality obligations to any Loan Party, (e) to the Agents’, any Issuing Lender’s or any Lender’s respective Affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, trustees, investment advisors and agents including legal counsel, independent auditors and other experts or agents who need to know such information in connection with the Transaction and are informed of the confidential nature of such information, (f) to potential Lenders, participants or assignees or any potential counterparty (or its advisors) to any swap or derivative transaction relating to any Borrower or any of its Affiliates or any of their respective obligations, in each case who are instructed that they shall be bound by terms no less restrictive than this paragraph (or language substantially similar to this paragraph), (g) with the prior written consent of AbitibiBowater Resolute , (h) to any rating agency when required by it (it being understood that, prior to any such disclosure, such rating agency shall undertake to preserve the confidentiality of any Confidential Information relating to Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries received by it from such Lender), (i) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder, under any other Loan Document or any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement or rights hereunder or thereunder or (j) for purposes of establishing a “due diligence” defense, provided that the respective Agent, Issuing Lender or Lender will, to the extent permitted, promptly provide AbitibiBowater Resolute with the opportunity to seek a protective order or other measure ensuring confidential treatment of the Confidential Information used to establish such defense. In addition, each Agent, each Lender and each Issuing Lender may disclose the existence of this Agreement and publicly available

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information about this Agreement to market data collectors, similar service providers to the lending industry, and service providers to the Agents and the Lenders in connection with the administration and management of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, the Commitments, and the Loans and Letters of Credit.
(b)     AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers hereby acknowledge and agree that each Lender may share with any of its affiliates, and such affiliates may share with such Lender, any information related to AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, any non-public customer information regarding the creditworthiness of AbitibiBowater Resolute and its Subsidiaries), provided such Persons shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 13.16 to the same extent as such Lender.
13.17.     Patriot Act . Each Lender subject to the USA PATRIOT ACT (Title 111 of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)) (the “ Patriot Act ”) hereby notifies AbitibiBowater Resolute and the other Borrowers that pursuant to the requirements of the Patriot Act, they are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies AbitibiBowater Resolute , the other Borrowers and the other Loan Parties and other information that will allow such Lender to identify AbitibiBowater Resolute , the other Borrowers and the other Loan Parties in accordance with the Patriot Act. This notice is given in accordance with the requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act and is effective as to the Lenders and the Administrative Agent.
13.18.      [ Reserved ] .
13.18.      OTHER LIENS ON COLLATERAL; TERMS OF INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT; ETC . (a) THE LENDERS ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE SENIOR SECURED NOTES ARE SECURED BY LIENS ON THE NOTES PRIORITY COLLATERAL AND THE ABL PRIORITY COLLATERAL OF THE U.S. LOAN PARTIES. IN CONNECTION WITH ABITIBIBOWATER’S ISSUANCE OF THE SENIOR SECURED NOTES, THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT SHALL ENTER INTO THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, ESTABLISHING THE RELATIVE RIGHTS OF THE SECURED PARTIES AND THE SECURED PARTIES UNDER THE SENIOR SECURED NOTES. EACH LENDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY (I) CONSENTS TO THE TREATMENT OF LIENS TO BE PROVIDED FOR UNDER THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, (II) AUTHORIZES AND DIRECTS THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND THE COLLATERAL AGENT TO EXECUTE AND DELIVER THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AND ANY DOCUMENTS RELATING THERETO, IN EACH CASE, ON BEHALF OF SUCH LENDER AND WITHOUT ANY FURTHER CONSENT, AUTHORIZATION OR OTHER ACTION BY SUCH LENDER, (III) AGREES THAT, UPON EXECUTION AND DELIVERY THEREOF, SUCH LENDER SHALL BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AS IF IT WERE A SIGNATORY THERETO AND WILL TAKE NO ACTION CONTRARY TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AND (IV) AGREES THAT NO LENDER SHALL HAVE ANY RIGHT OF ACTION WHATSOEVER AGAINST THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR THE COLLATERAL AGENT AS A RESULT OF ANY ACTION TAKEN BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR THE COLLATERAL AGENT PURSUANT TO THIS

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SECTION OR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT. EACH LENDER HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY AUTHORIZES AND DIRECTS THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT TO ENTER INTO SUCH AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS OR OTHER MODIFICATIONS TO THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT IN CONNECTION WITH ANY EXTENSION, RENEWAL OR REFINANCING OF ANY SENIOR SECURED NOTES AS ARE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND THE COLLATERAL AGENT TO GIVE EFFECT THERETO, IN EACH CASE ON BEHALF OF SUCH LENDER AND WITHOUT ANY FURTHER CONSENT, AUTHORIZATION OR OTHER ACTION BY SUCH LENDER. THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND THE COLLATERAL AGENT SHALL HAVE THE BENEFIT OF THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 12 WITH RESPECT TO ALL ACTIONS TAKEN BY IT PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION TO THE FULL EXTENT THEREOF.
(b)      THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 13.18 ARE NOT INTENDED TO SUMMARIZE ALL RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, THE FORM OF WHICH IS ATTACHED AS AN EXHIBIT TO THIS AGREEMENT. REFERENCE MUST BE MADE TO THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT ITSELF TO UNDERSTAND ALL TERMS AND CONDITIONS THEREOF. EACH LENDER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAKING ITS OWN ANALYSIS AND REVIEW OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AND THE TERMS AND PROVISIONS THEREOF, AND NEITHER THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT NOR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION TO ANY LENDER AS TO THE SUFFICIENCY OR ADVISABILITY OF THE PROVISIONS CONTAINED IN THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT.
13.19.     Waiver of Sovereign Immunity . Each of the Loan Parties, in respect of itself, its Subsidiaries, its process agents, and its properties and revenues, hereby irrevocably agrees that, to the extent that such Loan Party, its Subsidiaries or any of its properties has or may hereafter acquire any right of immunity, whether characterized as sovereign immunity or otherwise, from any legal proceedings, whether in the United States and Canada or elsewhere, to enforce or collect upon the Loans or any Loan Document or any other liability or obligation of such Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries related to or arising from the transactions contemplated by any of the Loan Documents, including, without limitation, immunity from service of process, immunity from jurisdiction or judgment of any court or tribunal, immunity from execution of a judgment, and immunity of any of its property from attachment prior to any entry of judgment, or from attachment in aid of execution upon a judgment, such Loan Party, for itself and on behalf of its Subsidiaries, hereby expressly waives, to the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, any such immunity, and agrees not to assert any such right or claim in any such proceeding, whether in the United States and Canada or elsewhere. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Loan Party further agrees that the waivers set forth in this Section 13.19 shall have the fullest extent permitted under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 of the United States and are intended to be irrevocable for purposes of such Act.
13.20.     Judgment Currency . (a) The Loan Parties’ obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents to make payments in the respective Available Currency (the “ Obligation Currency ”) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender or recovery pursuant to any judgment

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expressed in or converted into any currency other than the Obligation Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery results in the effective receipt by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the respective Issuing Lender or the respective Lender of the full amount of the Obligation Currency expressed to be payable to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, such Issuing Lender or such Lender under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents. If for the purpose of obtaining or enforcing judgment against any Loan Party in any court or in any jurisdiction, it becomes necessary to convert into or from any currency other than the Obligation Currency (such other currency being hereinafter referred to as the “ Judgment Currency ”) an amount due in the Obligation Currency, the conversion shall be made, at the rate of exchange (as quoted by the Administrative Agent or if the Administrative Agent does not quote a rate of exchange on such currency, by a known dealer in such currency designated by the Administrative Agent) determined, in each case, as of the day on which the judgment is given (such day being hereinafter referred to as the “ Judgment Currency Conversion Date ”).
(b)    If there is a change in the rate of exchange prevailing between the Judgment Currency Conversion Date and the date of actual payment of the amount due, each Borrower covenants and agrees, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding such judgment, to pay, or cause to be paid, such additional amounts, if any (but in any event not a lesser amount), as may be necessary to ensure that the amount paid in the Judgment Currency, when converted at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of payment, will produce the amount of the Obligation Currency which could have been purchased with the amount of Judgment Currency stipulated in the judgment or judicial award at the rate or exchange prevailing on the Judgment Currency Conversion Date.
(c)    For purposes of determining any rate of exchange for this Section, such amounts shall include any premium and costs payable in connection with the purchase of the Obligation Currency.
13.21.     Qualified Secured Hedging Agreements and Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreements . (a) At any time prior to or within 15 days after any Loan Party enters into any Hedging Agreement or Cash Management Agreement, or in the case of Hedging Agreements or Cash Management Agreements in effect on the Effective Date, within 15 days of the Effective Date, if the applicable Loan Party and counterparty desire that the monetary obligations in respect of such Hedging Agreement or the monetary obligations in respect of such Cash Management Agreement be treated as “Hedging Obligations” or “Cash Management Services Obligations”, as applicable, hereunder with rights in respect of payment of proceeds of the Collateral in accordance with the waterfall provisions set forth in Section 11.02 , AbitibiBowater Resolute may notify the Administrative Agent in writing (which notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly provide to the Collateral Agent) (to be acknowledged by the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent) that (x) such Hedging Agreement is to be a “ Secured Hedging Agreement ” and, if it wishes that the monetary obligations in respect of the respective Secured Hedging Agreement be treated as pari passu with the Loan Document Obligations with respect to the priority of payment of proceeds of the Collateral in accordance with the waterfall provisions set forth in Section 11.02 , a “ Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement ” or (y) such Cash Management Agreement is to be a “ Secured Cash Management Agreement ” and, if it wishes that the monetary obligations in respect of the respective Secured Cash Management Agreement be treated as pari passu with the Loan Document Obligations with respect to the priority of payment of proceeds of the Collateral in accordance

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with the waterfall provisions set forth in Section 11.02 , a “ Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement ”, so long as the following conditions are satisfied:
(i)    in the case of a Hedging Agreement, such Hedging Agreement is either (x) in effect on the Effective Date with a counterparty that is a Hedging Creditor or (y) entered into after the Effective Date with any counterparty that is a Hedging Creditor at the time such Hedging Agreement is entered into; and
(ii)    in the case of a Cash Management Agreement, such Cash Management Agreement is either (x) in effect on the Effective Date with a Cash Management Creditor or (y) entered into after the Effective Date with a Cash Management Creditor at the time such Cash Management Agreement is entered into;
provided that no such Secured Hedging Agreement or Secured Cash Management Agreement can be secured on a first lien basis by the Notes Priority Collateral Assets (and any request under this Section 13.21 will be deemed to be a representation by AbitibiBowater Resolute to such effect); and provided further , that no monetary obligations in respect of any Secured Hedging Agreement or Secured Cash Management Agreement shall be treated as “Hedging Obligations” or “Cash Management Services Obligations”, as applicable, hereunder or receive any benefit of the designation under this Section 13.21 after the Discharge of ABL Obligations have been indefeasibly paid in full . If, in any written notification by AbitibiBowater Resolute as set forth above, AbitibiBowater Resolute shall fail to include in such written notice that a Secured Hedging Agreement or Secured Cash Management Agreement shall constitute a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement or Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement, as the case may be, then such Secured Hedging Agreement or Secured Cash Management Agreement shall not constitute a Qualified Secured Hedging Agreement or Qualified Secured Cash Management Agreement, as the case may be.
(b)    Until such time as AbitibiBowater Resolute delivers (and the Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent acknowledge) such notice as described above, such Hedging Agreement or Cash Management Agreement shall not constitute a Secured Hedging Agreement or Secured Cash Management Agreement, as the case may be. The parties hereto understand and agree that the provisions of this Section 13.21 are made for the benefit of the Lenders and their Affiliates which become parties to Hedging Agreements or Cash Management Agreements, as applicable, and agree that any amendments or modifications to the provisions of this Section 13.21 shall not be effective with respect to any Secured Hedging Agreement or Secured Cash Management Agreement, as the case may be, entered into prior to the date of the respective amendment or modification of this Section 13.21 (without the written consent of the relevant parties thereto). Notwithstanding any such designation of a Hedging Agreement as a Secured Hedging Agreement or a Cash Management Agreement as a Secured Cash Management Agreement, no provider or holder of any such Secured Hedging Agreement or Secured Cash Management Agreement shall have any voting or approval rights hereunder (or be deemed a Lender) solely by virtue of its status as the provider of such agreements or the Secured Obligations owing thereunder, nor shall their consent be required (other than in their capacities as a Lender to the extent applicable) for any matter hereunder or under any of the other Loan Documents, including, without limitation, as to any matter relating to the

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Collateral or the release of Collateral or Guarantors. The Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent accept no responsibility and shall have no liability for the calculation of the exposure owing by the Loan Parties under any such Secured Hedging Agreement and/or Secured Cash Management Agreement, and shall be entitled in all cases to rely on the applicable counterparty and the applicable Loan Party party to such agreement for the calculation thereof. Such counterparty and the applicable Loan Party party to any such agreement each agrees to provide the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent with the calculations of all such exposures and reserves, if any, at such times as the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent shall reasonably request, and in any event, not less than monthly (unless otherwise agreed to by the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent).
13.22.     Interest Rate Limitation . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any Loan Document, the interest paid or agreed to be paid under the Loan Documents shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable law (the “ Maximum Rate ”). If any Agent or any Lender shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the Maximum Rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the principal of the Loans or, if it exceeds such unpaid principal, refunded to the Borrowers. In determining whether the interest contracted for, charged, or received by an Agent or a Lender exceeds the Maximum Rate, such Person may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, (a) characterize any payment that is not principal as an expense, fee, or premium rather than interest, (b) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof and (c) amortize, prorate, allocate, and spread in equal or unequal parts the total amount of interest throughout the contemplated term of the Obligations hereunder.
13.23.     Integration . This Agreement, together with the other Loan Documents, comprises the complete and integrated agreement of the parties on the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersedes all prior agreements, written or oral, on such subject matter except for any such prior agreements which by the express terms thereof survive the execution of this Agreement. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and those of any other Loan Document, the provisions of this Agreement shall control unless, in the case of such other Loan Documents governed by any law other than a state of the United States, such control would result, such other Loan Document being invalid or unenforceable, in which case, the relevant provision of the Loan Document will prevail; provided that the inclusion of supplemental rights or remedies in favor of the Agents or the Lenders in any other Loan Document shall not be deemed a conflict with this Agreement. Each Loan Document was drafted with the joint participation of the respective parties thereto and shall be construed neither against nor in favor of any party, but rather in accordance with the fair meaning thereof.
13.24.     Severability . If any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document is held to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, the legality, validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement and such other Loan Document shall not be affected or impaired thereby. The invalidity of a provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
13.25.     Power of Attorney and Other Matters in Respect of B/A Instruments .

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. To enable the Lenders to create Bankers’ Acceptances or complete Drafts in the manner specified in Schedule 1.01(b) and this Agreement, each Borrower (i) shall supply each Lender with such number of Drafts as it may reasonably request, either in blank or duly endorsed and executed on behalf of such Borrower and (ii) hereby appoints each Lender as its attorney to complete, sign, endorse and issue on its behalf (in accordance with a Notice of Borrowing relating to a Bankers’ Acceptance Loan), in handwriting or by facsimile or mechanical signature as and when deemed necessary by such Lender, B/A Instruments in the form reasonably requested by such Lender. Each Borrower recognizes and agrees that all such forms signed and/or endorsed by a Lender on behalf of such Borrower shall bind such Borrower as fully and effectually as if signed in the handwriting of and duly issued by the proper signing officers of such Borrower. Each Lender is hereby authorized (in accordance with a Notice of Borrowing relating to a Bankers’ Acceptance Loan) to issue B/A Instruments endorsed in blank in such face amounts as may be determined by such Lender; provided that the aggregate amount thereof is equal to the aggregate amount of B/A Instruments required to be accepted and purchased by such Lender. No Lender shall be liable for any damage, loss or other claim arising by reason of any loss or improper use of any such B/A Instruments except the gross negligence or wilful misconduct of the Lender or its officers, employees, agents or representatives. Each Lender will exercise such care in the custody and safekeeping of Drafts as it would exercise in the custody and safekeeping of similar property owned by it and will, upon request by any Borrower, promptly advise such Borrower of the number and designations, if any, of uncompleted Drafts held by it for such Borrower. The signature of any officer of any Borrower on a Draft may be mechanically reproduced and B/A Instruments bearing facsimile or electronic signature shall be binding upon such Borrower as if they had been manually signed. Even if the individuals whose manual, facsimile signature appears on any B/A Instrument no longer hold office on the date of signature, at the date of its acceptance by the Lender or at any time after such date, any B/A Instrument so signed shall be valid and binding upon each Borrower. On request by or on behalf of a Borrower, a Lender shall cancel all forms of B/A Instruments which have been pre-signed or pre-endorsed on behalf of such Borrower and which are held by such Lender and are not required to be issued in accordance with such Borrower's irrevocable notice.
At the request of any Lender in connection with any Bankers’ Acceptance, each Borrower shall deliver to such lender a “depository bill” which complies with the requirements of the Depository Bills and Notes Act (Canada), and hereby consents to the deposit of any Bankers’ Acceptance in the form of a depository bill in the book-based debt clearance systems maintained by the Canadian Depository for Securities Limited or other recognized clearing house. In such circumstances, the delivery of Bankers’ Acceptances shall be governed by the clearance procedures established thereunder.
13.26.      Additional Borrowers.
Subject to any applicable limitations set forth in the Security Documents, upon the request of Resolute from time to time, any direct or indirect Domestic Subsidiary or Canadian Subsidiary formed or otherwise purchased or acquired after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date (including pursuant to a Permitted Acquisition), or that ceases to constitute an Excluded Subsidiary after the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, may be added as an Other Borrower hereunder, effective upon the execution and delivery to the Administrative Agent of (a) by such Domestic Subsidiary

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or Canadian Subsidiary, as applicable, (i) a Borrower Joinder Agreement and amendments or joinders to any applicable outstanding promissory notes issued under Section 2.05(a) and (ii) any other Security Documents and other documents that such Domestic Subsidiary or Canadian Subsidiary would be required to deliver pursuant to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement if it were becoming a Guarantor, and (b) by each existing Guarantor, reaffirmations of its respective Guarantees under the applicable Security Documents. Each Other Borrower shall, from and after the date that it becomes an Other Borrower, be a U.S. Borrower or a Canadian Borrower, as applicable.
SECTION 14. Nature of ObligationsNature of Obligations
(a)    all U.S. Facility Obligations to repay principal of, interest on, and all other amounts with respect to, all U.S. Facility Revolving Loans, U.S. Facility Swingline Loans, U.S. Facility Letters of Credit and all other U.S. Facility Obligations pursuant to this Agreement and each other Loan Document (including, without limitation, all fees, indemnities, taxes and other U.S. Facility Obligations in connection therewith or in connection with the related Commitments) shall constitute the joint and several obligations of each of the U.S. Borrowers. In addition to the direct (and joint and several) obligations of the U.S. Borrowers with respect to U.S. Facility Obligations as described above, all such U.S. Facility Obligations shall be guaranteed pursuant to, and in accordance with the terms of, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, provided that the obligations of a U.S. Borrower with respect to the U.S. Facility Obligations as described above shall not be limited by any provision of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement entered into by such U.S. Borrower;
(b)    all Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any U.S. Borrower to repay principal of, interest on, and all other amounts with respect to, all Canadian Facility Revolving Loans and Canadian Facility Swingline Loans borrowed by any U.S. Borrower, all Canadian Facility Letters of Credit issued for the account of any U.S. Borrower and all other Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any U.S. Borrower pursuant to this Agreement and each other Loan Document (including, without limitation, all fees, indemnities, taxes and other Canadian Facility Obligations in connection therewith or in connection with the related Canadian Facility Commitments) shall constitute the joint and several obligations of each of the U.S. Borrowers. In addition to the direct (and joint and several) obligations of the U.S. Borrowers with respect to Canadian Facility Obligations as described above, all such Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any U.S. Borrower shall be guaranteed pursuant to, and in accordance with the terms of, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, provided that the obligations of a U.S. Borrower with respect to the Canadian Facility Obligations as described above shall not be limited by any provision of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement entered into by such U.S. Borrower; and
(c)    all Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any Canadian Borrower to repay principal of, interest on, and all other amounts with respect to, all Canadian Facility Revolving Loans and Canadian Facility Swingline Loans borrowed by any Canadian Borrower, all Canadian Facility Letters of Credit issued for the account of any Canadian Borrower and all other Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any Canadian Borrower pursuant to this Agreement

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and each other Loan Document (including, without limitation, all fees, indemnities, taxes and other Canadian Facility Obligations in connection therewith or in connection with the related Canadian Facility Commitments) shall constitute the joint and several obligations of each of the Canadian Borrowers. In addition to the direct (and joint and several) obligations of the Canadian Borrowers with respect to Canadian Facility Obligations as described above, all such Canadian Facility Obligations owing by any Canadian Borrower shall be guaranteed pursuant to, and in accordance with the terms of, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and , the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement and the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement, provided that the obligations of a Canadian Borrower with respect to the Canadian Facility Obligations as described above shall not be limited by any provision of the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement entered into by such Canadian Borrower or by any provision of the English Subsidiary Guarantee Agreement .
14.02.     Independent Obligation . The obligations of each Borrower with respect to its Borrower Obligations are independent of the Loan Document Obligations of each other Borrower or any Guarantor under its Guarantee of such Borrower Obligations, and a separate action or actions may be brought and prosecuted against each Borrower, whether or not any other Borrower or any Guarantor is joined in any such action or actions. Each Borrower waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the benefit of any statute of limitations affecting its liability hereunder or the enforcement thereof. Any payment by any Borrower or other circumstance which operates to toll any statute of limitations as to any Borrower shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, operate to toll the statute of limitations as to each Borrower.
14.03.     Authorization . Each of the Borrowers authorizes the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Swingline Lender, the Collateral Agent Lenders , the Issuing Lenders and the Lenders without notice or demand (except as shall be required by applicable statute and cannot be waived), and without affecting or impairing its liability hereunder, from time to time to, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law and the Loan Documents to:
(a)    exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against any other Borrower or any Guarantor or others or otherwise act or refrain from acting;
(b)    release or substitute any other Borrower, endorsers, Guarantors or other obligors;
(c)    settle or compromise any of the Borrower Obligations of any other Borrower or any other Loan Party, any security therefor or any liability (including any of those hereunder) incurred directly or indirectly in respect thereof or hereof, and may subordinate the payment of all or any part thereof to the payment of any liability (whether due or not) of any Borrower to its creditors other than the Lenders;
(d)    apply any sums paid by any other Borrower or any other Person, howsoever realized to any liability or liabilities of such other Borrower or other Person regardless of what liability or liabilities of such other Borrower or other Person remain unpaid; and/or

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(e)    consent to or waive any breach of, or act, omission or default under, this Agreement or any of the instruments or agreements referred to herein, or otherwise, by any other Borrower or any other Person.
14.04.     Reliance . It is not necessary for the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the any Swingline Lender, any Issuing Lender or any Lender to inquire into the capacity or powers of any Borrower, AbitibiBowater Resolute or any of its other Subsidiaries or the officers, directors, members, partners or agents acting or purporting to act on its behalf, and any Borrower Obligations made or created in reliance upon the professed exercise of such powers shall constitute the joint and several obligations of the respective Borrowers hereunder.
14.05.     Contribution; Subrogation . No Borrower shall exercise any rights of contribution or subrogation with respect to any other Borrower as a result of payments made by it hereunder, in each case unless and until (i) the Total Commitment and all Letters of Credit have been terminated and (ii) all of the Loan Document Obligations have been paid in full in cash. To the extent that any Canadian Loan Party or U.S. Loan Party shall be required to pay a portion of the Loan Document Obligations which shall exceed the amount of loans, advances or other extensions of credit received by such Loan Party and all interest, costs, fees and expenses attributable to such loans, advances or other extensions of credit, then such Loan Party shall be reimbursed by the other Loan Parties within its group (Canadian or U.S.) for the amount of such excess, subject to the restrictions of the previous sentence. This Section 14.05 is intended only to define the relative rights of Loan Parties, and nothing set forth in this Section 14.05 is intended or shall impair the obligations of each Loan Party to pay the Loan Document Obligations as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with the terms hereof.
14.06.     Waiver . Each Borrower waives any right to require the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Swingline Lender, the Collateral Agent Lenders , the Issuing Lenders or the Lenders to (i) proceed against any other Borrower, any Guarantor or any other party, (ii) proceed against or exhaust any security held from any Borrower, any Guarantor or any other party or (iii) pursue any other remedy in the Administrative Agent’s, the Collateral Agent’s, the any Swingline Lender’s, the Fronting Lender’s, any Issuing Lender’s or Lenders’ power whatsoever. Each Borrower waives any defense based on or arising out of suretyship or any impairment of security held from any Borrower, any Guarantor or any other party or on or arising out of any defense of any other Borrower, any Guarantor or any other party other than payment in full in cash of its Borrower Obligations, including, without limitation, any defense based on or arising out of the disability of any other Borrower, any Guarantor or any other party, or the unenforceability of its Borrower Obligations or any part thereof from any cause, or the cessation from any cause of the liability of any other Borrower, in each case other than as a result of the payment in full in cash of its Borrower Obligations.
14.07.     Limitation on Canadian Certain Borrower Obligations . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document (including provisions that may override any other provision), in no event shall the Canadian Borrowers or any other Canadian Loan Party or any English Loan Party guarantee or be deemed to have guaranteed or become liable or obligated on a joint and several basis or otherwise for, or to have pledged any of its assets to secure, any

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Obligation owing by any U.S. Borrower or Domestic Subsidiary of AbitibiBowater Resolute under this Agreement, any of the other Loan Documents, any Secured Hedging Agreement or any Secured Cash Management Agreement. All provisions contained in any Loan Document, any Secured Hedging Agreement or any Secured Cash Management Agreement shall be interpreted consistently with this Section 14.07 to the extent possible, and where such other provisions conflict with the provisions of this Section 14.07 , the provisions of this Section 14.07 shall govern.
14.08.     Rights and Obligations . The obligations of the each Swingline Lender, each Issuing Lender and each Lender under this Agreement bind each of them severally. Failure by the any Swingline Lender, any Issuing Lender or any Lender, as the case may be, to perform its obligations under this Agreement does not affect the obligations of any other party under this Agreement. The Each Swingline Lender, each Issuing Lender or each Lender is not responsible for the obligations of any other Swingline Lender, Fronting Lender, Issuing Lender or Lender, as the case may be, under this Agreement. The rights, powers and remedies of the each Swingline Lender, each Issuing Lender and each Lender in connection with this Agreement are separate and independent rights, powers and remedies and any debt arising under this Agreement to or for the account of the any Swingline Lender, any Issuing Lender or any Lender from a Loan Party is a separate and independent debt.
SECTION 15. Lender Loss Sharing AgreementDefinitions
(a)     CAM : the mechanism for the allocation and exchange of interests in the Loans, participations in Letters of Credit and collections thereunder established under Section 15.02 .
(b)     CAM Exchange : the exchange of the U.S. Facility Lenders’ interests and the Canadian Facility Lenders’ interests provided for in Section 15.02 .
(c)     CAM Exchange Date : the first date after the Closing Date on which there shall occur (i) any event described in Section 11.01(g) or (h) with respect to any Borrower, (ii) an acceleration of Loans and termination of the Total Commitment pursuant to Section 11.01 or (iii) the failure by any Borrower to repay any amounts due under any Facility of Loans on the Revolving Loan Maturity Date.
(d)     CAM Percentage : as to each Lender, such Lender’s RL Percentage of the Total Commitment immediately prior to the CAM Exchange Date and the termination of the Total Commitment.
(e)     Designated Obligations : all Obligations of the Borrowers with respect to (i) principal and interest under the Loans, (ii) Unpaid Drawings under Letters of Credit and interest thereon and (iii) all Fees.
(f)     Revolver Facilities : the facilities established under the U.S. Facility Commitments and the Canadian Facility Commitments, and “Revolver Facility” means any one of such Revolver Facilities.

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15.02.     CAM Exchange . (a) On the CAM Exchange Date:
(i)    the U.S. Facility Commitments and the Canadian Facility Commitments shall have terminated in accordance with Section 11.01 ,
(ii)    each U.S. Facility Lender shall fund its participation in any outstanding Swingline Loans and Agent Advances in accordance with Sections 2.01(b) and (e) , and each Canadian Facility Lender shall fund its participation in any outstanding Swingline Loans and Agent Advances in accordance with Section 2.01(b) and Section 2.01(e) , respectively,
(iii)    each U.S. Facility Lender shall fund its participation in any Unpaid Drawings made under the applicable U.S. Facility Letters of Credit pursuant to Section 3.04 , and each Canadian Facility Lender shall fund its participation in any Unpaid Drawings made under the applicable Canadian Facility Letters of Credit pursuant to Section 3.04 , and
(iv)    the Lenders shall purchase, at the U.S. Dollar Equivalent of par, interests in the Designated Obligations under each Revolver Facility (and shall make payments in U.S. Dollars to the Administrative Agent for reallocation to other Lenders to the extent necessary to give effect to such purchases) and shall assume the obligations to reimburse each Issuing Lender for unreimbursed drawings under outstanding Letters of Credit under such Revolver Facility such that, in lieu of the interests of each Lender in the Designated Obligations under the U.S. Facility Commitments and the Canadian Facility Commitments in which it shall participate immediately prior to the CAM Exchange Date, such Lender shall own an interest equal to such Lender’s CAM Percentage in each component of the Designated Obligations immediately following the CAM Exchange.
(b)    Each Lender and each Person acquiring a participation from any Lender as contemplated by Section 13.04 hereby consents and agrees to the CAM Exchange. Each Borrower agrees from time to time to execute and deliver to the Lenders all such promissory notes and other instruments and documents as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably request to evidence and confirm the respective interests and obligations of Lenders after giving effect to the CAM Exchange, and each Lender agrees to surrender any promissory notes originally received by it in connection with its Loans under this Agreement to the Administrative Agent against delivery of any promissory notes so executed and delivered; provided that the failure of any Lender to deliver or accept any such promissory note, instrument or document shall not affect the validity or effectiveness of the CAM Exchange.
(c)    As a result of the CAM Exchange, from and after the CAM Exchange Date, each payment received by the Administrative Agent pursuant to any Loan Document in respect of any of the Designated Obligations shall be distributed to Lenders, pro rata in accordance with their respective CAM Percentages.
(d)    In the event that on or after the CAM Exchange Date, the aggregate amount of the Designated Obligations shall change as a result of the making of a disbursement under a Letter of Credit by an Issuing Lender that is not reimbursed by the applicable Borrowers, then each Lender shall promptly reimburse such Issuing Lender for its CAM Percentage of such unreimbursed payment.

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15.03.     Miscellaneous . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 15 , the Administrative Agent and each Lender agree that if the Administrative Agent or a Lender is required under applicable law to withhold or deduct any Taxes or other amounts from payments made by it hereunder or as a result hereof to the Administrative Agent or any Lender, such Person shall be entitled to withhold or deduct such amounts and pay over such Taxes or other amounts to the applicable Governmental Authority imposing such Tax without any obligation to indemnify the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to such amounts and without any other obligation of gross up or offset with respect thereto and there shall be no recourse whatsoever by Agent or any Lender subject to such withholding to the Administrative Agent or any other Lender making such withholding and paying over such amounts, but without diminution of the rights of the Administrative Agent or such Lender subject to such withholding as against Borrowers and the other Loan Parties to the extent (if any) provided in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Any amounts so withheld or deducted shall be treated as, for the purpose of this Section 15 , having been paid to the Administrative Agent or such Lender with respect to which such withholding or deduction was made.
* * *



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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused their duly authorized officers to execute and deliver this Agreement as of the date first above written.
 
U.S. BORROWERS :
 
 
 
 
 
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. (F/K/A  ABITIBIBOWATER INC INC . )
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:_________________________________
 
Name:
 
Title:
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
RESOLUTE FP US INC. (F/K/A  BOWATER INCORPORATED )
 
as a U.S. Borrower
 
 
 
 
 
By:_________________________________
 
Name:
 
Title:
 
 
 
 
 
ABIBOW RECYCLING LLC (F/K/A  ABITIBI-CONSOLIDATED CORP. )
 
as a U.S. Borrower
 
 
 
 
 
By:_________________________________
 
Name:
 
Title:
 
 
 
 


[Signature Page to Credit Agreement]


 


 
CANADIAN BORROWERS :
 
 
 
 
 
RESOLUTE FP CANADA INC (F/K/A  ABITIBI-CONSOLIDATED INC. )
 
as a Canadian Borrower
 
 
 
 
 
By:_________________________________
 
Name:
 
Title:




[Signature Page to Credit Agreement]


EXECUTION VERSION

CITIBANK, N.A., Individually and as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
By:____________________________________

Name:

Title:
By:____________________________________

Name:

Title:





BARCLAYS BANK PLC, as Lender
By:____________________________________

Name:

Title:





JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as Lender
By:____________________________________

Name:

Title:
By:____________________________________

Name:

Title:






EXHIBIT B

FORM OF U.S. GUARANTEE AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT






AMENDED AND RESTATED GUARANTEE AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT
dated as of
February 25, 2014
among
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. (F/K/A/ ABITIBIBOWATER INC.)
CERTAIN OF ITS SUBSIDIARIES PARTY HERETO
and
CITIBANK, N.A.,
as Collateral Agent






EXECUTION VERSION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Article 1
Definitions
1.01 . Credit Agreement
2
02 . Other Defined Terms
2
Article 2
Guarantee
01 . Guarantee
6
02 . Guarantee of Payment
6
03 . No Limitations
6
04 . Reinstatement
8
05 . Agreement to Pay; Subrogation
8
06 . Information
8
07. Keepwell
8
Article 3
Pledge of Securities
01 . Pledge
9
02 . Delivery of the Pledged Collateral
10
03 . Representations, Warranties and Covenants
10
04 . [ Reserved ] .
11
05 . Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations
11
06 . Interest
11
07 . [Reserved].
13
08 . [Reserved].
13
Article 4
Security Interests in Personal Property
01 . Security Interest
13
02 . Representations and Warranties
15
03 . Covenants
16
04 . Other Actions
20
05 . [Reserved].
23
Article 5
Remedies
01 . Remedies Upon Default
23
02 . Application of Proceeds
25
03 . Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property
25
04 . Securities Act
26

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Article 6
Indemnity, Subrogation and Subordination
01 . Indemnity and Subrogation
27
02 . Contribution and Subrogation
27
03 . Subordination
28
Article 7
Miscellaneous
01 . Notices
28
02 . Waivers; Amendment
28
03 . Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification
29
04 . Successors and Assigns
29
05 . Survival of Agreement
30
06 . Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement
30
07 . Severability
30
08 . Right of Set-Off
31
09 . Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process
31
10 . Waiver of Jury Trial
32
11 . Headings
32
12 . Security Interest Absolute
32
13 . Termination or Release
32
14 . Additional Subsidiaries
34
15 . Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact
34
16 . Recourse
35
17 . Release
35






Schedules
Schedule 1    [ Reserved ]
Schedule 2    Pledged Debt
Schedule 3    [ Reserved ]
Schedule 4    Corporate Name Changes, Etc.


Exhibits
Exhibit A    Form of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement Supplement





EXECUTION VERSION

AMENDED AND RESTATED GUARANTEE AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of February 25, 2014, among Resolute Forest Products Inc. (f/k/a/ Abitibibowater Inc.) (“ Resolute ”), each Domestic Subsidiary of Resolute set forth on the signature pages hereto, and Citibank, N.A. (“ Citibank ”), as Collateral Agent.
WHEREAS, Resolute entered into (i) that certain ABL Credit Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated as of April 28, 2011, Amendment No. 2 dated as of October 28, 2011, Amendment No. 3 dated as of March 21, 2012, Amendment No. 4 dated as of April 12, 2013 and Amendment No. 5 dated as of May 8, 2013, and as otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Existing Credit Agreement ”), among Resolute, certain of its Subsidiaries party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Citibank, as Administrative Agent and (ii) that certain Guarantee and Collateral Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010, as amended by Amendment No. 2 described above, among Resolute, each Domestic Subsidiary of Resolute set forth on the signature pages thereto, and Citibank, as Collateral Agent (the “ Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement ”);
WHEREAS, Resolute has requested that the Administrative Agent and the Lenders amend the Existing Credit Agreement pursuant to Amendment No. 6 to the Existing Credit Agreement dated as of February 25, 2014 (“ Amendment No. 6 ”; the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended by Amendment No. 6, the “ Credit Agreement ”), among Resolute certain of its subsidiaries party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Citibank, as Administrative Agent;
WHEREAS, in connection with Amendment No. 6, Resolute and the Administrative Agent (acting at the direction of the Required Lenders) (as defined in the Existing Credit Agreement)) have agreed to amend the Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement as set forth herein in order to, among other things, reflect certain changes to the collateral granted hereunder; and
WHEREAS, each Grantor is a Guarantor and/or a Borrower under the Credit Agreement and an affiliate of each of the Borrowers, will derive substantial benefits from the extension of credit to itself and to the other Borrowers pursuant to the Credit Agreement and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to extend such credit.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto covenant and agree that the Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety, and do hereby agree as follows:



 



Article 1
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01      . Credit Agreement. (i) Capitalized terms used in this Agreement, including the preamble and introductory paragraph hereto, and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement. All terms defined in the New York UCC (as defined herein) and not defined in this Agreement have the meanings specified therein.
(b)      The rules of construction specified in Section 1.03 of the Credit Agreement also apply to this Agreement.
Section 1.02      . Other Defined Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:
Account Debtor ” means any Person who is or who may become obligated to any Grantor under, with respect to or on account of an Account.
Amendment No. 6 ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this agreement.
Borrowers ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement and includes any successor by merger or consolidation.
Cash Collateral Account ” means a non-interest bearing cash collateral account maintained with, and in the sole dominion and control of, the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties.
Claiming Party ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.02.
Collateral ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.01. For the avoidance of doubt, the Collateral includes the Pledged Debt Securities.
Contract Rights ” means all rights of any Grantor under each Contract, including, without limitation, (i) any and all rights to receive and demand payments under any or all Contracts, (ii) any and all rights to receive and compel performance under any or all Contracts and (iii) any and all other rights, interests and claims now existing or in the future arising in connection with any or all Contracts.
Contracts ” means all contracts between any Grantor and one or more additional parties (including, without limitation, any Hedging Agreements, licensing agreements and any partnership agreements, joint venture agreements and limited liability company agreements).
Contributing Party ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.02.
Copyright License ” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting any right to any third party under any Copyright now or hereafter

2
 



owned by any Grantor or that such Grantor otherwise has the right to license, or granting any right to any Grantor under any copyright now or hereafter owned by any third party, and all rights of such Grantor under any such agreement.
Copyrights ” means all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor: (a) all copyright rights in any work subject to the copyright laws of the United States, whether as author, assignee, transferee or otherwise, and (b) all registrations and applications for registration of any such copyright in the United States, including registrations, recordings, supplemental registrations and pending applications for registration in the United States Copyright Office.
Credit Agreement ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this Agreement.
Excluded Assets ” means, subject to the following sentence, (i) [ reserved ], (ii) any shares of capital stock or other Equity Interests of any Person, (iii) any Intellectual Property, (iv), fixtures or equipment, (v) [ reserved ], (vi) [ reserved ], (vii) any property to the extent that the grant of a security interest therein would violate applicable law, require a consent not obtained of any Governmental Authority, or constitute a breach of or default under, or result in the termination of or require a consent not obtained under, any contract, lease, license or other agreement evidencing or giving rise to such property, or result in the invalidation thereof or provide any party thereto with a right of termination (other than to the extent that any such term would be rendered ineffective pursuant to Section 9-406, 9-407, 9-408 or 9-409 of the New York UCC or any other applicable law or principles of equity), (viii) Excluded Accounts, (ix) [ reserved ], (x) the assets physically located on the date of this Agreement at the Grantors’ (x) Alabama River newsprint mill in Purdue, Alabama and (y) facility located in Covington, Tennessee, (xi) [ reserved ], and (xii) proceeds and products of any and all of the foregoing excluded assets described in clauses (i) through (xi) above only to the extent such proceeds and products would constitute property or assets of the type described in clauses (i) through (xi) above; provided , however , that the security interest granted to the Collateral Agent hereunder shall attach immediately to any asset of any Grantor at such time as such asset ceases to meet any of the criteria for “Excluded Assets” described in any of the foregoing clauses (i) through (xii) above or in the following sentence. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Excluded Assets” shall not include any property or assets that constitute Proceeds of property or assets described in clause (b) or (c) of Section 3.01 or in any of clauses (i) through (viii) of Section 4.01.
Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this agreement.
Existing Credit Agreement ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this agreement.
Federal Securities Laws ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.04.
General Intangibles ” means all “General Intangibles” as defined in the UCC, and shall include any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters

3
 



of credit, money, and oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction. The term includes payment intangibles and software.
Grantors ” means each of Resolute, each of the Subsidiaries of Resolute set forth on the signature pages hereto, and each Subsidiary of Resolute that becomes a Grantor pursuant to Section 7.14 hereof by executing a supplement to this Agreement.
Guaranteed Party ” shall mean the Borrowers, each other Guarantor and each Subsidiary party to any Secured Hedging Agreement or any Secured Cash Management Agreement.
Guarantors ” means each of the Grantors.
Intellectual Property ” means all intellectual and similar property of every kind and nature now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor, including inventions, designs, Patents, Copyrights, Licenses, Trademarks, trade secrets, confidential or proprietary technical and business information, know-how, show-how or other data or information, software and databases and all embodiments or fixations thereof and related documentation, registrations and franchises, and all additions, improvements and accessions to, and books and records describing or used in connection with, any of the foregoing.
License ” means any Patent License, Trademark License, Copyright License or other license or sublicense agreement relating to intellectual property to which any Grantor is a party.
New York UCC ” means the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the State of New York.
Patent License ” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any third party any right to make, use or sell any invention on which a Patent, now or hereafter owned by any Grantor or that any Grantor otherwise has the right to license, is in existence, or granting to any Grantor any right to make, use or sell any invention on which a patent, now or hereafter owned by any third party, is in existence, and all rights of any Grantor under any such agreement.
Patents ” means all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor: (a) all letters patent of the United States, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all applications for letters patent of the United States, including registrations, recordings and pending applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and (b) all reissues, continuations, divisions, continuations-in-part, renewals or extensions thereof, and the inventions disclosed or claimed therein, including the right to make, use and/or sell the inventions disclosed or claimed therein.
Pledged Collateral ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01.
Pledged Debt Securities ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.01(a)(vi).

4
 



Qualified ECP Guarantor ” means, in respect of any Swap Obligation, each Guarantor that constitutes an “eligible contract participant” under the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulations promulgated thereunder and can cause another person to qualify as an “eligible contract participant” at such time by entering into a keepwell under Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
Secured Obligations ” means, collectively, the U.S. Secured Obligations, the Canadian Secured Obligations and the English Secured Obligations, in each case excluding the Excluded Swap Obligations.
Secured Parties ” means (a) the Lenders, (b) the Administrative Agent, (c) the Collateral Agent, (d) each counterparty to any Secured Hedging Agreement, (e) each Person to whom any Cash Management Services Obligations in respect of any Secured Cash Management Agreement are owed, (f) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (g) the successors and assigns of each of the foregoing.
Security Interest ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.01.
Trademark License ” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any third party any right to use any Trademark now or hereafter owned by any Grantor or that any Grantor otherwise has the right to license, or granting to any Grantor any right to use any trademark now or hereafter owned by any third party, and all rights of any Grantor under any such agreement.
Trademarks ” means all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor: (a) all trademarks, service marks, trade names, corporate names, company names, business names, fictitious business names, trade styles, trade dress, logos, other source or business identifiers, designs and General Intangibles of like nature, now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all registration and recording applications filed in connection therewith, including registrations and registration applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office or any similar offices in any State of the United States, and all extensions or renewals thereof, (b) all goodwill associated therewith or symbolized thereby and (c) all other assets, rights and interests that uniquely reflect or embody such goodwill.
ARTICLE 2     
GUARANTEE
Section 2.01      . Guarantee. Each Guarantor unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees, jointly with the other Guarantors and severally, as the primary obligation and debt of each Guarantor and not merely as a surety, the due, prompt and complete payment and performance of the Secured Obligations. Each of the Guarantors further agrees that the Secured Obligations may be extended or renewed, in whole or in part, without notice to or further assent from it, and that it will remain bound upon its guarantee notwithstanding any extension or renewal of

5
 



any Obligation. Each of the Guarantors waives presentment to, demand of payment from and protest to any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party of any of the Secured Obligations, and also waives notice of acceptance of its guarantee and notice of protest for nonpayment.
Section 2.02      . Guarantee of Payment. Each Guarantor further agrees that its guarantee hereunder constitutes a guarantee of payment when due and not of collection, and waives any right to require that any resort be had by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to any other Guarantor or any Guaranteed Party to any security held for the payment of the Secured Obligations or to any balance of any deposit account or credit on the books of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in favor of any Borrower or any other Person.
Section 2.03      . No Limitations. (i) Except for termination or release of a Guarantor’s obligations hereunder as expressly provided in Section 7.13, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment or termination for any reason, including any claim of waiver, release, surrender, alteration or compromise, and shall not be subject to any defense (other than defense of payment in full in cash) or set-off, counterclaim, recoupment or termination whatsoever by reason of the invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of the Secured Obligations or otherwise. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be discharged or impaired or otherwise affected by (ii) the failure of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to assert any claim or demand or to enforce any right or remedy under the provisions of any Loan Document, Secured Hedging Agreement, Secured Cash Management Agreement or otherwise; (iii) any rescission, waiver, amendment or modification of, or any release from any of the terms or provisions of, any Loan Document, Secured Hedging Agreement, Secured Cash Management Agreement or any other agreement, including with respect to any other Guarantor under this Agreement; (iv) the release of any security held by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party for the Secured Obligations or any of them; (v) any default, failure or delay, wilful or otherwise, in the performance of the Secured Obligations; or (vi) any other act or omission that may or might in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of any Guarantor or otherwise operate as a discharge of any Guarantor as a matter of law or equity (other than to the extent of the indefeasible payment in cash of all the Secured Obligations). Each Guarantor expressly authorizes the Secured Parties to take and hold security for the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations, to exchange, waive or release any or all such security (with or without consideration), to enforce or apply such security and direct the order and manner of any sale thereof in their sole discretion or to release or substitute any one or more other guarantors or obligors upon or in respect of the Secured Obligations, all without affecting the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder.

6
 



(b)      To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense based on or arising out of any defense of any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party or the unenforceability of the Secured Obligations or any part thereof from any cause, or the cessation from any cause of the liability of any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party, other than to the extent of the indefeasible payment in cash of all the Secured Obligations. The Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties may, at their election, foreclose on any security held by one or more of them by one or more judicial or nonjudicial sales, accept an assignment of any such security in lieu of foreclosure, compromise or adjust any part of the Secured Obligations, make any other accommodation with any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party or exercise any other right or remedy available to them against any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party, without affecting or impairing in any way the liability of any Guarantor hereunder except to the extent the Secured Obligations have been fully and indefeasibly paid in full in cash. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense arising out of any such election even though such election operates, pursuant to applicable law, to impair or to extinguish any right of reimbursement or subrogation or other right or remedy of such Guarantor against any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party, as the case may be, or any security.
Section 2.04      . Reinstatement. Each of the Guarantors agrees that its guarantee hereunder shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment, or any part thereof, of any Obligation is rescinded or must otherwise be restored by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party upon the bankruptcy or reorganization of any Borrower, any other Guaranteed Party or otherwise, as if such payment had been due but not made at such time.
Section 2.05      . Agreement to Pay; Subrogation. In furtherance of the foregoing and not in limitation of any other right that the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party has at law or in equity against any Guarantor by virtue hereof, upon the failure of any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party to pay any Obligation when and as the same shall become due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, after notice of prepayment or otherwise, each Guarantor hereby promises to and will forthwith pay, or cause to be paid, to the Collateral Agent for distribution to the applicable Secured Parties in cash the amount of such unpaid Obligation. Upon payment by or on behalf of any Guarantor of any sums to the Collateral Agent as provided above, all rights of such Guarantor against any Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party arising as a result thereof by way of right of subrogation, contribution, reimbursement, indemnity or otherwise shall in all respects be subject to Article 6.
Section 2.06      . Information. Each Guarantor assumes all responsibility for being and keeping itself informed of each Borrower’s and each other Guaranteed Party’s financial condition and assets, and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Secured Obligations and the nature,

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scope and extent of the risks that such Guarantor assumes and incurs hereunder, and agrees that none of the Collateral Agent or the other Secured Parties will have any duty to advise such Guarantor of information known to it or any of them regarding such circumstances or risks.
Section 2.07      . Keepwell . Each Qualified ECP Guarantor hereby jointly and severally absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes to provide such funds or other support as may be needed from time to time by each other Guarantor to honor all of its obligations under the guaranty given hereby in respect of the Swap Obligations; provided, however , that each Qualified ECP Guarantor shall only be liable under this Section 2.07 for the maximum amount of such liability that can be hereby incurred without rendering its obligations under this Section 2.07, or otherwise under the guaranty given hereby, voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer, and not for any greater amount. The obligations of each Qualified ECP Guarantor under this Section 2.07 shall remain in full force and effect until the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all other Obligations (other than contingent indemnification obligations). Each Qualified ECP Guarantor intends that this Section 2.07 constitute, and this Section 2.07 shall be deemed to constitute, a “keepwell, support, or other agreement” for the benefit of each other Guarantor for all purposes of Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
ARTICLE 3     
PLEDGE OF SECURITIES
Section 3.01      . Pledge. As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, each Grantor hereby collaterally assigns and pledges to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and hereby grants to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest in, all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under:
(a)      [reserved];
(b)      the Pledged Debt Securities;
(c)      subject to Section 3.06, all payments of principal or interest, cash, instruments and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, in exchange for or upon the conversion of, and all other Proceeds received in respect of, the securities referred to in clause (b) above; and

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(d)      all Proceeds of any of the foregoing (the items referred to in clauses (b), (c) and (d) of this Section 3.01 above being collectively referred to as the “ Pledged Collateral ”).
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event shall the security interest granted hereunder attach to any Excluded Assets, and the terms “Pledged Debt Securities” and “Pledged Collateral,” shall, in each case, expressly exclude all Excluded Assets.
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the Pledged Collateral, together with all right, title, interest, powers, privileges and preferences pertaining or incidental thereto, unto the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, as security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations; subject, however, to the terms, covenants and conditions hereinafter set forth.
Section 3.02      . Delivery of the Pledged Collateral. (i) Each Grantor agrees promptly (and with respect to Pledged Debt Securities owned on the date of this Agreement, in any event within 45 days after the date of this Agreement) to deliver or cause to be delivered to the Collateral Agent any and all Pledged Debt Securities at any time owned by such Grantor.
(c)      Upon delivery to the Collateral Agent, (i) any Pledged Debt Securities shall be accompanied by instruments of transfer reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent and by such other instruments and documents as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request and (ii) all other property comprising part of the Pledged Collateral shall be accompanied by proper instruments of assignment duly executed by the applicable Grantor and such other instruments or documents as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request. Each delivery of Pledged Debt Securities after the date of this Agreement shall be accompanied by a schedule describing the Pledged Debt Securities so delivered, which schedule shall be attached hereto as a supplement to Schedule 2 and made a part hereof; provided that failure to attach any such schedule hereto shall not affect the validity of such pledge of such Pledged Debt Securities.
(d)      The assignment, pledges and security interests granted in Section 3.01 are granted as security only and shall not subject the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising out of the Pledged Collateral.
Section 3.03      . Representations, Warranties and Covenants. The Grantors jointly and severally represent, warrant and covenant to and with the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:
(a)      Schedule 2 correctly sets forth, as of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, with respect to each Grantor, all Pledged Debt Securities owned by such Grantor;

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(b)      To each Grantor’s knowledge, the Pledged Debt Securities pledged by such Grantor have been duly and validly authorized and issued by the issuers thereof and are legal, valid and binding obligations of the issuers thereof, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law;
(c)      except for the security interests granted hereunder, each of the Grantors (i) is and, subject to any repayments, sales, transfers or other dispositions made in compliance with the Credit Agreement, will continue to be the direct owner, beneficially and of record, of the Pledged Debt Securities indicated on Schedule 2 as owned by such Grantor, (ii) holds the same free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens), (iii) except for Permitted Liens, will not pledge or hypothecate, or otherwise create a consensual Lien on, the Pledged Collateral, and (iv) will defend its title or interest thereto or therein against any and all Liens (other than Permitted Liens), however arising, of all Persons whomsoever;
(d)      each of the Grantors has the power and authority to pledge the Pledged Collateral pledged by it hereunder in the manner hereby done or contemplated;
(e)      no consent or approval of any Governmental Authority or any other Person was or is necessary to the validity of the pledge effected hereby (other than such as have been obtained and are in full force and effect);
(f)      by virtue of the execution and delivery by the Grantors of this Agreement, when any Pledged Debt Securities are delivered to the Collateral Agent in accordance with this Agreement, the Collateral Agent will obtain a legal, valid and perfected lien upon and security interest in such Pledged Debt Securities as security for the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations; and
(g)      the pledge effected hereby is effective to vest in the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, the rights of the Collateral Agent in the Pledged Collateral as set forth herein.
Section 3.04      . [ Reserved ] .
Section 3.05      . Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations. The Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, shall have the right (in its sole and absolute discretion) to hold the Pledged Debt Securities in the name of the applicable Grantor, endorsed or assigned in blank. The Collateral Agent shall, at any time after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, have the right (in its sole discretion) to require the Grantors to exchange the certificates representing Pledged Debt Securities for certificates of smaller or larger denominations for any purpose consistent with this Agreement.

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Section 3.06      . Interest. (i) Unless and until an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and the Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing that their rights under this Section 3.06 are being suspended:
(ii)      Each Grantor shall be entitled to exercise any and all rights and powers inuring to an owner of the Pledged Debt Securities or any part thereof for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement, the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
(iii)      The Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to each Grantor, or cause to be executed and delivered to such Grantor, all such powers of attorney and other instruments as such Grantor may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling such Grantor to exercise the powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (i) above and to receive the interest, principal and other distributions it is entitled to receive and retain pursuant to paragraph (iii) below.
(iv)      Each Grantor shall be entitled to receive and retain any and all interest, principal, cash, instruments and other property and all distributions from time to time received, receivable or otherwise paid on or distributed in respect of or in exchange for the Pledged Debt Securities to the extent and only to the extent that such interest, principal and other distributions are permitted by, and otherwise paid or distributed in accordance with, the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and applicable laws; provided that any noncash interest, principal or other distributions that would constitute Pledged Debt Securities, received in exchange for Pledged Debt Securities or any part thereof shall be and become part of the Pledged Collateral (except for Excluded Assets), and, if received by any Grantor, shall not be commingled by such Grantor with any of its other funds or property but shall be held separate and apart therefrom, shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent and shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement).
(b)      Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(iii) above, all rights of any Grantor to interest, principal or other distributions that such Grantor is authorized to receive pursuant to paragraph (a)(iii) above, and the obligations of the Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) above, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to receive and retain such interest, principal or other distributions. All interest, principal or other distributions received by any Grantor contrary to the provisions of this Section 3.06 shall be held in trust for the

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benefit of the Collateral Agent, shall be segregated from other property or funds of such Grantor and shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent upon demand in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement). Any and all money and other property paid over to or received by the Collateral Agent pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph (b) shall be retained by the Collateral Agent in an account to be established by the Collateral Agent upon receipt of such money or other property and shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.02. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and Resolute has delivered to the Collateral Agent a certificate to that effect, the Collateral Agent shall promptly repay to each Grantor (without interest) all interest, principal or other distributions that such Grantor would otherwise be permitted to retain pursuant to the terms of paragraph (a)(iii) above and that remain in such account.
(c)      Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(i) above, all rights of any Grantor to exercise the rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) above, and the obligations of the Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) above, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to exercise such rights and powers; provided that, unless otherwise directed by the Required Lenders, the Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights.
(d)      Any notice given by the Collateral Agent to the Grantors suspending their rights under paragraph (a) of this Section 3.06 (i) may be given by telephone to any Responsible Officer if promptly confirmed in writing, (ii) may be given to one or more of the Grantors at the same or different times and (iii) may suspend the rights of the Grantors under paragraph (a)(i) or paragraph (a)(iii) in part without suspending all such rights (as specified by the Collateral Agent in its sole and absolute discretion) and without waiving or otherwise affecting the Collateral Agent’s right to give additional notices from time to time suspending other rights so long as an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
Section 3.07      . [Reserved].
Section 3.08      . [Reserved].
ARTICLE 4     
SECURITY INTERESTS IN PERSONAL PROPERTY
Section 4.01      . Security Interest. (v) As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Secured Obligations, each Grantor

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hereby collaterally assigns and pledges to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and hereby grants to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “ Security Interest ”) in, all right, title and interest in, to or under any and all of the following assets and properties now owned or at any time hereafter acquired by such Grantor or in which such Grantor now has or at any time in the future may acquire any right, title or interest (collectively, the “ Collateral ”):
(vi)      all Accounts;
(vii)      all cash and all Deposit Accounts and all monies deposited therein;
(viii)      all Inventory;
(ix)      all commodities contracts, commodities accounts, securities and securities accounts (and security entitlements or financial assets credited thereto);
(x)      to the extent evidencing or governing any of the items referred to in the preceding clauses (i) through (iv), (A) all documents, (B) all chattel paper (including, without limitation, all tangible chattel paper and all electronic chattel paper), (C) all General Intangibles (excluding Intellectual Property), (D) all Contracts (together with all Contract Rights arising thereunder) and (E) all instruments;
(xi)      each promissory note listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule 2 and each other promissory note evidencing Indebtedness that evidences, governs or arises out of the disposition of any accounts receivable included in the preceding clause (i) or Inventory included in the preceding clause (iii), excluding in each case promissory notes in a principal amount of less than $20,000,000, so long as the aggregate principal amount of promissory notes not so pledged under this exclusion does not exceed $40,000,000 (the “ Pledged Debt Securities ”);
(xii)      to the extent securing or supporting any of the items referred to in the preceding clauses (i) through (v), all supporting obligations and letter of credit rights (whether or not the respective letter of credit is evidenced by a writing);
(xiii)      all books and Records pertaining to the foregoing; and
(xiv)      all products and Proceeds of the foregoing (including, without limitation, all insurance and claims for insurance effected or held for the benefit of the Grantors or the Secured Parties in

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respect thereof and all collateral security and guarantees given by any Person with respect to any of the foregoing).
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event shall the security interest granted hereunder attach to any Excluded Assets, and the term “Collateral” shall expressly exclude all such Excluded Assets.
(e)      Each Grantor hereby irrevocably authorizes the Collateral Agent at any time and from time to time to file in any relevant jurisdiction any financing statements with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof and amendments thereto that (v) contain a description of the Collateral in accordance with Section 9-108 of the Uniform Commercial Code, and (vi) contain the information required by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code or other applicable law of each applicable jurisdiction for the filing of any financing statement or amendment, including whether such Grantor is an organization, the type of organization and any organizational identification number issued to such Grantor. Each Grantor agrees to provide such information to the Collateral Agent promptly upon request.
Each Grantor also ratifies its authorization for the Collateral Agent to file in any relevant jurisdiction any initial financing statements or amendments thereto if filed prior to the date hereof.
Each Grantor will pay any applicable filing fees, recordation taxes and related expenses relating to its Collateral. To the extent that any financing statement or other filing includes any Excluded Assets, the Collateral Agent shall take such action from time to time as reasonably requested by any Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, as necessary to evidence or reflect the exclusion thereof from the Security Interest, provided that such Grantor shall have delivered to the Collateral Agent such documentation and certification with respect thereto as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request.
(f)      The Security Interest is granted as security only and shall not subject the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising out of the Collateral.
Section 4.02      . Representations and Warranties. The Grantors jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties that:
(h)      Each Grantor has good and valid rights in the Collateral with respect to which it has purported to grant a Security Interest hereunder and has full power and authority to grant to the Collateral Agent the Security Interest in such Collateral pursuant hereto and to execute, deliver and perform its obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, without the consent or approval of any other Person other than any consent or approval that has been obtained.

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(i)      The Perfection Certificate most recently delivered pursuant to the Credit Agreement has been duly prepared, completed and executed and the information set forth therein, including the exact legal name of each Grantor, was correct and complete in all material respects as of the date thereof. The Uniform Commercial Code financing statements prepared by the Collateral Agent based upon the information provided to the Collateral Agent in the Perfection Certificate for filing in each governmental, municipal or other office specified in Schedule 6 to the Perfection Certificate, are all the filings, recordings and registrations that are necessary as of the date of such Perfection Certificate to publish notice of and protect the validity of and to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favor of the Collateral Agent (for the benefit of the Secured Parties) in respect of all Collateral in which the Security Interest may be perfected by filing a Uniform Commercial Code financing statement in the United States (or any political subdivision thereof).
(j)      The Security Interest constitutes (i) a legal and valid security interest in all the Collateral securing the payment and performance of the Secured Obligations and (ii) subject to the filings described in Section 4.02(b), a perfected security interest in all Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected by filing Uniform Commercial Code financing statements in the United States (or any political subdivision thereof). The Security Interest is and shall be prior to any other Lien on any of the Collateral, other than Permitted Liens.
(k)      The Collateral is owned by the Grantors free and clear of any Lien, except for Permitted Liens. None of the Grantors has filed or consented to the filing of any financing statement or analogous document under the Uniform Commercial Code or any other applicable laws covering any Collateral except for Permitted Liens and Liens that shall be discharged on or about the Sixth Amendment Effective Date.
(l)      [ Reserved ].
Section 4.03      . Covenants. (iii) Each Grantor agrees promptly to notify the Collateral Agent in writing of any change (iv) in corporate name, (v) in its identity or type of organization or corporate structure, (vi) in its organizational identification number or (vii) in its jurisdiction of organization in each case other than changes listed on Schedule 4 . Each Grantor agrees to promptly provide the Collateral Agent with certified organizational documents reflecting any of the changes described in the first sentence of this paragraph (a). Each Grantor agrees to, promptly following any change referred to in the preceding sentence (and in any event within ten days), make all filings required under the Uniform Commercial Code or otherwise for the Collateral Agent to continue at all times following such change to have a valid, legal and perfected first priority security interest, subject to Permitted Liens, in all the Collateral.

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(b)      Each Grantor agrees to maintain, at its own cost and expense, such complete and accurate records with respect to the Collateral owned by it in accordance with such prudent and standard practices used in industries that are the same as or similar to those in which such Grantor is engaged.
(c)      Each Grantor shall, at its own expense, take any and all actions reasonably necessary to defend title to the Collateral against all Persons and to defend the Security Interest of the Collateral Agent in the Collateral and the priority thereof against any Liens other than any Permitted Lien.
(d)      Each Grantor agrees, at its own expense, to execute, acknowledge, deliver and cause to be duly filed all such further instruments and documents and take all such actions as the Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request to better assure, preserve, protect and perfect the Security Interest and the rights and remedies created hereby, including the payment of any fees and taxes required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the granting of the Security Interest and the filing of any financing statements or other documents in connection herewith or therewith.
(e)      The Collateral Agent and such Persons as the Collateral Agent may reasonably designate shall have the right, at the Grantors’ own cost and expense, to inspect the Collateral, all records related thereto (and to make extracts and copies from such records) and the premises upon which any of the Collateral is located, to discuss the Grantors’ affairs with the officers of the Grantors and their independent accountants, all in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions relating to inspections as set forth in Section 9.06 of the Credit Agreement, and to verify under reasonable procedures the validity, amount, quality, quantity, value, condition and status of, or any other matter relating to, the Collateral, including, in the case of Accounts or Collateral in the possession of any third person, by contacting, with advance notice to and in coordination with the Grantors (unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing) Account Debtors or the third person possessing such Collateral for the purpose of making such a verification. The Collateral Agent shall have the absolute right to share any information it gains from such inspection or verification with any Lender (it being understood that any such information shall be deemed to be “Information” subject to the provisions of Section 9.10 of the Credit Agreement).
(f)      At its option (it being understood the Collateral Agent shall have no duty to any Grantor or Secured Party to exercise such option), the Collateral Agent may discharge past due taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time levied or placed on the Collateral and not permitted pursuant to the Credit Agreement, and may pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Collateral to the extent any Grantor fails to do so as required by the Credit Agreement or this Agreement after written notice thereof is delivered to Resolute by the Collateral Agent, and each Grantor jointly and

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severally agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent on demand for any payment made or any expense incurred by the Collateral Agent pursuant to the foregoing authorization; provided that nothing in this paragraph (f) shall be interpreted as excusing any Grantor from the performance of, or imposing any obligation on the Collateral Agent or any Secured Party to cure or perform, any covenants or other promises of any Grantor with respect to taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances and maintenance as set forth herein or in the other Loan Documents.
(g)      Each Grantor shall remain liable to observe and perform all the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it under each contract, Agreement or instrument included in the Collateral, all in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties from and against any and all liability for such performance.
(h)      None of the Grantors shall make or permit to be made an assignment, pledge or hypothecation of the Collateral or shall grant any other Lien in respect of the Collateral, except as permitted by the Credit Agreement. None of the Grantors shall make or permit to be made any transfer of the Collateral except that unless and until the Collateral Agent shall notify the Grantors in writing that an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and that during the continuance thereof the Grantors shall not sell, convey, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of any Collateral, the Grantors may use and dispose of the Collateral in any lawful manner not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document.
(i)      The Grantors, at their own expense, shall maintain or cause to be maintained insurance covering physical loss or damage to the Inventory in accordance with the requirements set forth in 9.02 of the Credit Agreement. Each Grantor irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the Collateral Agent (and all officers, employees or agents designated by the Collateral Agent) as such Grantor’s true and lawful agent (and attorney in fact) for the purpose, during the continuance of an Event of Default, of making, settling and adjusting claims in respect of Collateral under policies of insurance, endorsing the name of such Grantor on any check, draft, instrument or other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and decisions with respect thereto. In the event that any Grantor at any time or times shall fail to obtain or maintain any of the policies of insurance required hereby or to pay any premium in whole or part relating thereto, the Collateral Agent may (it being understood the Collateral Agent shall have no duty to any Grantor or Secured Party to exercise such option), without waiving or releasing any obligation or liability of the Grantors hereunder or any Event of Default, in its sole discretion, upon notice to Resolute obtain and maintain such policies of insurance and pay such premium and take any other actions with respect thereto as the Collateral

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Agent deems advisable. All sums disbursed by the Collateral Agent in connection with this paragraph, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, court costs, expenses and other charges relating thereto, shall be payable, upon demand, by the Grantors to the Collateral Agent and shall be additional Secured Obligations secured hereby.
(j)      Each Grantor shall maintain, in form and manner reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, records of its chattel paper and its books, records and documents evidencing or pertaining thereto.
(k)      Each Grantor will keep and maintain at its own cost and expense materially accurate records of its Accounts and Contracts, including, but not limited to, originals or copies of all material documentation (including each Contract) with respect thereto, material records of all payments received, all credits granted thereon, all merchandise returned and all other dealings therewith, and such Grantor will make the same available, in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions relating to inspections set forth in the Credit Agreement to the Collateral Agent for inspection at such Grantor’s own cost and expense. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default and at the request of the Collateral Agent, such Grantor shall, at its own cost and expense, deliver (to the extent available) all tangible evidence of its Accounts and Contract Rights (including, without limitation, all documents evidencing the Accounts and all Contracts) and such books and records to the Collateral Agent or to its representatives (copies of which evidence and books and records may be retained by such Grantor). If the Collateral Agent so directs, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, such Grantor shall legend, in form and manner satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, the Accounts and the Contracts, as well as books, records and documents (if any) of such Grantor evidencing or pertaining to such Accounts and Contracts with an appropriate reference to the fact that such Accounts and Contracts have been assigned to the Collateral Agent and that the Collateral Agent has a security interest therein.
(l)      Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, if the Collateral Agent so directs any Grantor in writing, such Grantor agrees (x) to cause all payments on account of the Accounts and Contracts to be made directly to a Cash Collateral Account, (y) that the Collateral Agent may, at its option, directly notify the obligors with respect to any Accounts and/or under any Contracts to make payments with respect thereto as provided in the preceding clause (x), and (z) that the Collateral Agent may enforce collection of any such Accounts and Contracts and may adjust, settle or compromise the amount of payment thereof, in the same manner and to the same extent as such Grantor. Without notice to or assent by any Grantor, the Collateral Agent may, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, apply any or all amounts then in, or thereafter deposited in, a Cash Collateral Account toward the payment of the Secured Obligations in the manner provided in Section 5.02 of this

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Agreement. The reasonable costs and expenses of collection (including reasonable attorneys’ fees), whether incurred by a Grantor or the Collateral Agent, shall be borne by the relevant Grantor. The Collateral Agent shall deliver a copy of each notice referred to in the preceding clause (y) to the relevant Grantor, provided that the failure by the Collateral Agent to so notify such Grantor shall not affect the effectiveness of such notice or the other rights of the Collateral Agent created by this clause (l).
(m)      Each Grantor shall endeavor in accordance with reasonable business judgment to cause to be collected from the account debtor named in each of its Accounts or obligor under any Contract, as and when due (including, without limitation, amounts which are delinquent, such amounts to be collected in accordance with generally accepted lawful collection procedures) any and all amounts owing under or on account of such Account or Contract, and promptly apply upon receipt thereof all such amounts as are so collected to the outstanding balance of such Account or under such Contract.
(n)      Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Grantors shall remain liable under each of the Accounts and Contracts to observe and perform all of the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it thereunder, all in accordance with the terms of any agreement giving rise to such Accounts or such Contracts, as the case may be. Neither the Collateral Agent nor any other Secured Party shall have any obligation or liability under any Account (or any agreement giving rise thereto) or any Contract by reason of or arising out of this Agreement or the receipt by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party of any payment relating to such Account or Contract, as the case may be, pursuant hereto, nor shall the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party be obligated in any manner to perform any of the obligations of any Grantor under or pursuant to any Account (or any agreement giving rise thereto) or any Contract, to make any payment, to make any inquiry as to the nature or the sufficiency of any payment received by them or as to the sufficiency of any performance by any party under any Account (or any agreement giving rise thereto) or any Contract, to present or file any claim, to take any action to enforce any performance or to collect the payment of any amounts which may have been assigned to them or to which they may be entitled at any time or times.
Section 4.04      . Other Actions. In order to further insure the attachment, perfection and priority of, and the ability of the Collateral Agent to enforce, the Security Interest, each Grantor agrees, in each case at such Grantor’s own expense, to take the following actions with respect to the following Collateral:
(a)      Instruments and Tangible Chattel Paper . In accordance with and in furtherance of Article 3, if any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any instruments constituting Collateral (other than any instrument with a face amount of less than $20,000,000 so long as the aggregate principal amount of instruments

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under this exclusion does not exceed $40,000,000) or tangible chattel paper constituting Collateral with a value of $10,000,000 or more, such Grantor shall forthwith endorse, assign and deliver the same to the Collateral Agent, accompanied by such instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as the Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request. For the purposes of this Section 4.04(a), the term “Instruments” excludes (i) letters of credit which are subject to the provisions of Section 4.04(e) hereof and (ii) promissory notes not constituting Pledged Debt Securities.
(b)      Deposit Accounts . For each Deposit Account (or any other demand, time, savings, passbook or similar account whose jurisdiction (determined in accordance with Section 9-304 of the UCC) is within a State of the United States) that any Grantor at any time opens or maintains (other than any Excluded Account and any Specified Collection Account), such Grantor shall cause the depositary bank to enter into a Control Agreement with such Grantor and the Collateral Agent. The Collateral Agent agrees with each Grantor that, except with respect to Designated Blocked Accounts, the Collateral Agent shall not exercise dominion and control over, or give any instructions or withhold any withdrawal rights from any Grantor, with respect to such accounts or any funds in such accounts, unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
(c)      Investment Property . If any Grantor holds any investment property constituting Collateral, whether certificated or uncertificated, or any investment property constituting Collateral now or hereafter acquired by any Grantor is held by such Grantor or its nominee through a securities intermediary or commodity intermediary, such Grantor shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent thereof and, at the Collateral Agent’s request and option, pursuant to a Control Agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, cause such securities intermediary or commodity intermediary, as the case may be, to agree to comply with entitlement orders or other instructions from the Collateral Agent to such securities intermediary as to such security entitlements or to apply any value distributed on account of any commodity contract as directed by the Collateral Agent to such commodity intermediary, as the case may be, in each case without further consent of any Grantor, such nominee, or any other Person. The Collateral Agent agrees with each of the Grantors that the Collateral Agent shall not give any such entitlement orders or instructions or directions to any such issuer, securities intermediary or commodity intermediary, and, except with respect to Designated Blocked Accounts, shall not exercise dominion and control over or withhold its consent to the exercise of any withdrawal or dealing rights by any Grantor, unless a Dominion Period has occurred and is continuing, or, after giving effect to any such investment and withdrawal rights, would occur.
(d)      Electronic Chattel Paper and Transferable Records . If any Grantor at any time holds or acquires an interest in any electronic chattel paper or any “transferable record”, as that term is defined in Section 201 of the Federal

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Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, or in Section 16 of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act as in effect in any relevant jurisdiction, in each case constituting Collateral, such Grantor shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent thereof and, at the request of the Collateral Agent, shall take such action as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request to vest in the Collateral Agent control under New York UCC Section 9 105 of such electronic chattel paper or control under Section 201 of the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act or, as the case may be, Section 16 of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, as so in effect in such jurisdiction, of such transferable record. The Collateral Agent agrees with such Grantor that the Collateral Agent will arrange, pursuant to procedures reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent and so long as such procedures will not result in the Collateral Agent’s loss of control, for the Grantor to make alterations to the electronic chattel paper or transferable record permitted under UCC Section 9-105 or, as the case may be, Section 201 of the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act or Section 16 of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act for a party in control to allow without loss of control, unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur after taking into account any action by such Grantor with respect to such electronic chattel paper or transferable record.
(e)      Letter-of-Credit Rights . If any Grantor is at any time a beneficiary under a letter of credit included in the Collateral now or hereafter issued in favor of such Grantor with a face amount greater than $10,000,000, such Grantor shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent thereof and, at the request and option of the Collateral Agent, such Grantor shall use commercially reasonable efforts to, pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, either (i) arrange for the issuer and any confirmer of such letter of credit to consent to an assignment to the Collateral Agent of the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit or (ii) arrange for the Collateral Agent to become the transferee beneficiary of the letter of credit, with the Collateral Agent agreeing, in each case, that the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit are to be paid to the applicable Grantor unless an Event of Default has occurred or is continuing.
(f)      [ Reserved ].
(g)      Each Grantor will, at its own expense, make, execute, endorse, acknowledge, file and/or deliver to the Collateral Agent from time to time such vouchers, invoices, schedules, confirmatory assignments, conveyances, financing statements, transfer endorsements, certificates, reports and other assurances or instruments and take such further steps, including any and all actions as may be necessary or required under the Federal Assignment of Claims Act, relating to its Accounts, Contracts, instruments and other property or rights covered by the security interest hereby granted, as the Collateral Agent may reasonably require

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and consistent with the other terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Credit Agreement.
Section 4.05      . [Reserved].
ARTICLE 5     
REMEDIES
Section 5.01      . Remedies Upon Default. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, it is agreed that the Collateral Agent shall have the right to take any of or all the following actions at the same or different times: with or without legal process and with or without prior notice or demand for performance, to take possession of the Collateral and without liability for trespass to enter any premises where the Collateral may be located for the purpose of taking possession of or removing the Collateral and, generally, to exercise any and all rights afforded to a secured party under this Agreement, the Uniform Commercial Code or other applicable law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, each Grantor agrees that the Collateral Agent shall have the right, subject to the mandatory requirements of applicable law, to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the Collateral at a public or private sale or at any broker’s board or on any securities exchange, for cash, upon credit or for future delivery as the Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate. The Collateral Agent shall be authorized at any such sale of securities (if it deems it advisable to do so) to restrict the prospective bidders or purchasers to Persons who will represent and agree that they are purchasing the Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or sale thereof, and upon consummation of any such sale the Collateral Agent shall have the right to assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any sale of Collateral shall hold the property sold absolutely, free from any claim or right on the part of any Grantor, and each Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by law) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal which such Grantor now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted.
The Collateral Agent shall give the applicable Grantors 10 days’ prior written notice (which each Grantor agrees is reasonable notice within the meaning of Section 9 611 of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions) of the Collateral Agent’s intention to make any sale of Collateral. Such notice, in the case of a public sale, shall state the time and place for such sale and, in the case of a sale at a broker’s board or on a securities exchange, shall state the board or exchange at which such sale is to be made and the day on which the Collateral, or portion thereof, will first be offered for sale at such board or exchange. Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at such place or places as the Collateral Agent may fix and state in the notice (if any) of such sale. At any such sale, the Collateral, or portion thereof, to be sold

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may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as the Collateral Agent may (in its sole and absolute discretion) determine. The Collateral Agent shall not be obligated to make any sale of any Collateral if it shall determine not to do so, regardless of the fact that notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. The Collateral Agent may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of all or any part of the Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by the Collateral Agent until the sale price is paid by the purchaser or purchasers thereof, but the Collateral Agent shall not incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. At any public (or, to the extent permitted by law, private) sale made pursuant to this Agreement, any Secured Party may bid for or purchase, free (to the extent permitted by law) from any right of redemption, stay, valuation or appraisal on the part of any Grantor (all said rights being also hereby waived and released to the extent permitted by law), the Collateral or any part thereof offered for sale and may make payment on account thereof by using any claim then due and payable to such Secured Party from any Grantor as a credit against the purchase price, and such Secured Party may, upon compliance with the terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose of such property without further accountability to any Grantor therefor. For purposes hereof, a written agreement to purchase the Collateral or any portion thereof shall be treated as a sale thereof; the Collateral Agent shall be free to carry out such sale pursuant to such agreement and no Grantor shall be entitled to the return of the Collateral or any portion thereof subject thereto, notwithstanding the fact that after the Collateral Agent shall have entered into such an agreement all Events of Default shall have been remedied and the Secured Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon it, the Collateral Agent may proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose this Agreement and to sell the Collateral or any portion thereof pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court or courts having competent jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a court appointed receiver. Any sale pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.01 shall be deemed to conform to the commercially reasonable standards as provided in Section 9 610(b) of the New York UCC or its equivalent in other jurisdictions.
Section 5.02      . Application of Proceeds. The Collateral Agent shall apply the proceeds of any collection or sale of Collateral, including any Collateral consisting of cash, and the amounts paid or caused to be paid by any Guarantor in accordance with Article 2, as follows:
FIRST, to the payment of all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by the Collateral Agent in connection with such collection or sale or otherwise in connection with this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any of the Secured Obligations, including all court costs and the reasonable fees and expenses of its agents and legal counsel, the repayment of all advances made by the Collateral Agent hereunder or under any other Loan Document on behalf of any Grantor and any other costs or expenses incurred in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under any other Loan Document;

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SECOND, to the payment in full of the Secured Obligations (the amounts so applied to be distributed among the Secured Parties in accordance with Section 11.02 of the Credit Agreement); and
THIRD, to the Grantors, their successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct.
The Collateral Agent shall have absolute discretion as to the time of application of any such proceeds, moneys or balances in accordance with this Agreement. Upon any sale of Collateral by the Collateral Agent (including pursuant to a power of sale granted by statute or under a judicial proceeding), the receipt by the Collateral Agent of the proceeds of any sale shall be a sufficient discharge to the purchaser or purchasers of the Collateral so sold and such purchaser or purchasers shall not be obligated to see to the application of any part of the purchase money paid over to the Collateral Agent or such officer or be answerable in any way for the misapplication thereof. It is understood that the Grantors shall remain jointly and severally liable to the extent of any deficiency between the amount of the proceeds of the Collateral and the aggregate amount of the Secured Obligations.
Section 5.03      . Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property. For the purpose of enabling the Collateral Agent to exercise rights and remedies under this Agreement at such time as the Collateral Agent shall be lawfully entitled to exercise such rights and remedies, each Grantor hereby grants to the Collateral Agent an irrevocable, nonexclusive license (exercisable without payment of royalty or other compensation to the Grantors) to use, license or sublicense any Intellectual Property now owned or hereafter acquired by such Grantor, and wherever the same may be located, and including in such license reasonable access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be recorded or stored and to all computer software and programs used for the compilation or printout thereof. The use of such license by the Collateral Agent may only be exercised, at the option of the Collateral Agent, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default after written notice is given to Resolute of the Collateral Agent’s election to exercise such license; provided that any license, sublicense or other transaction entered into by the Collateral Agent in accordance herewith shall be binding upon the Grantors notwithstanding any subsequent cure of an Event of Default. In operating under the license granted by each Grantor pursuant to this Section 5.03, the Collateral Agent agrees that the goods sold and services rendered under any Trademarks shall be of a nature and quality substantially consistent with those theretofore offered under such Trademarks by such Grantor and such Grantor shall have the right to inspect during the term of such license, at any reasonable time or times upon reasonable notice to the Collateral Agent, and at such Grantor’s own cost and expense, representative samples of goods sold and services rendered under such Trademarks.
Section 5.04      . Securities Act. In view of the position of the Grantors in relation to the Pledged Collateral, or because of other current or future circumstances, a question may arise under the Securities Act of 1933, as now or

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hereafter in effect, or any similar statute hereafter enacted analogous in purpose or effect (such Act and any such similar statute as from time to time in effect being called the “ Federal Securities Laws ”) with respect to any disposition of the Pledged Collateral permitted hereunder. Each Grantor understands that compliance with the Federal Securities Laws might very strictly limit the course of conduct of the Collateral Agent if the Collateral Agent were to attempt to dispose of all or any part of the Pledged Collateral, and might also limit the extent to which or the manner in which any subsequent transferee of any Pledged Collateral could dispose of the same. Similarly, there may be other legal restrictions or limitations affecting the Collateral Agent in any attempt to dispose of all or part of the Pledged Collateral granted hereunder under applicable Blue Sky or other state securities laws or similar laws analogous in purpose or effect. Each Grantor recognizes that in light of such restrictions and limitations the Collateral Agent may, with respect to any sale of the Pledged Collateral, limit the purchasers to those who will agree, among other things, to acquire such Pledged Collateral for their own account, for investment, and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that in light of such restrictions and limitations, the Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion (i) may proceed to make such a sale whether or not a registration statement for the purpose of registering such Pledged Collateral or part thereof shall have been filed under the Federal Securities Laws and (ii) may approach and negotiate with a single potential purchaser to effect such sale. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that any such sale might result in prices and other terms less favorable to the seller than if such sale were a public sale without such restrictions. In the event of any such sale, the Collateral Agent shall incur no responsibility or liability for selling all or any part of the Pledged Collateral at a price that the Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, may in good faith deem reasonable under the circumstances, notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized if the sale were deferred until after registration as aforesaid or if more than a single purchaser were approached. The provisions of this Section 5.04 will apply notwithstanding the existence of a public or private market upon which the quotations or sales prices may exceed substantially the price at which the Collateral Agent sells.
ARTICLE 6     
INDEMNITY, SUBROGATION AND SUBORDINATION
Section 6.01      . Indemnity and Subrogation. In addition to all such rights of indemnity and subrogation as the Guarantors may have under applicable law (but subject to Section 6.03), the Borrowers agree that (i) in the event a payment of an obligation shall be made by any Guarantor under this Agreement, each Borrower shall indemnify such Guarantor for the full amount of such payment and such Guarantor shall be subrogated to the rights of the Person to whom such payment shall have been made to the extent of such payment and (ii) in the event

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any assets of any Grantor shall be sold pursuant to this Agreement or any other Security Document to satisfy in whole or in part an obligation owed to any Secured Party, each Borrower shall indemnify such Grantor in an amount equal to the greater of the book value or the fair market value of the assets so sold.
Section 6.02      . Contribution and Subrogation. Each Guarantor and Grantor (a “ Contributing Party ”) agrees (subject to Section 6.03) that, in the event a payment shall be made by any other Grantor hereunder in respect of any Obligation or assets of any other Grantor shall be sold pursuant to any Security Document to satisfy any Obligation owed to any Secured Party and such other Guarantor or Grantor (the “ Claiming Party ”) shall not have been fully indemnified by the applicable Borrower as provided in Section 6.01, the Contributing Party shall indemnify the Claiming Party in an amount equal to the amount of such payment or the greater of the book value or the fair market value of such assets, as the case may be, in each case multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the net worth of the Contributing Party on the date hereof and the denominator shall be the aggregate net worth of all the Guarantors and Grantors on the date hereof (or, in the case of any Guarantor or Grantor becoming a party hereto pursuant to Section 7.14, the date of the supplement hereto executed and delivered by such Guarantor or Grantor). Any Contributing Party making any payment to a Claiming Party pursuant to this Section 6.02 shall be subrogated to the rights of such Claiming Party under Section 6.01 to the extent of such payment.
Section 6.03      . Subordination. (iii) Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, all rights of the Guarantors and Grantors under Sections 6.01 and 6.02 and all other rights of indemnity, contribution or subrogation under applicable law or otherwise shall be fully subordinated to the indefeasible payment in full in cash of the Secured Obligations. No failure on the part of any Borrower or any Guarantor or Grantor to make the payments required by Sections 6.01 and 6.02 (or any other payments required under applicable law or otherwise) shall in any respect limit the obligations and liabilities of any Guarantor or Grantor with respect to its obligations hereunder, and each Guarantor and Grantor shall remain liable for the full amount of the obligations of such Guarantor or Grantor hereunder.
(e)      Each Guarantor and Grantor hereby agrees that all Indebtedness and other monetary obligations owed to it by, or by it to, as the case may be, any other Guarantor, Grantor or any other Subsidiary shall be fully subordinated to the indefeasible payment in full in cash of the Secured Obligations.
ARTICLE 7     
MISCELLANEOUS

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Section 7.01      . Notices. All communications and notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given as provided in Section 13.03 of the Credit Agreement. All communications and notices hereunder to any Guarantor (other than Resolute) shall be given to it in care of Resolute as provided in Section 13.03 of the Credit Agreement.
Section 7.02      . Waivers; Amendment. (i) No failure or delay by the Collateral Agent or any Lender in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent and the Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any Loan Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) below, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the Collateral Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time. No notice or demand on any Loan Party in any case shall entitle any Loan Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.
(f)      Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Collateral Agent and the Loan Party or Loan Parties with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 13.12 of the Credit Agreement.
Section 7.03      . Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification. (i) The parties hereto agree that the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to reimbursement of its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred hereunder as provided in Section 13.01 of the Credit Agreement.
(b)      Without limitation of its indemnification obligations under the other Loan Documents, each Grantor and each Guarantor jointly and severally agrees to indemnify the Collateral Agent against, and hold the Collateral Agent harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and related expenses, including reasonable counsel fees, disbursements and other charges, incurred by or asserted against the Collateral Agent arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, or to the Collateral, whether or not

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any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses have resulted from the gross negligence or wilful misconduct of the Collateral Agent.
(c)      Any such amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional Secured Obligations secured hereby and by the other Security Documents. The provisions of this Section 7.03 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the repayment of any of the Secured Obligations, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party. All amounts due under this Section 7.03 shall be payable on written demand therefor.
Section 7.04      . Successors and Assigns. Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the permitted successors and assigns of such party; and all covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Guarantor, Grantor or the Collateral Agent that are contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.
Section 7.05      . Survival of Agreement. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties in the Loan Documents and in the certificates or other instruments prepared or delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Lenders and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Loan Documents and the making of any Loans, regardless of any investigation made by any Lender or on its behalf and notwithstanding that the Collateral Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any credit is extended under the Credit Agreement, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as the principal of or any accrued interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount payable under any Loan Document is outstanding and unpaid and so long as the Commitments have not expired or terminated.
Section 7.06      . Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as to any Loan Party when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Loan Party shall have been delivered to the Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of the

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Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall be binding upon such Loan Party and the Collateral Agent and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Loan Party, the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and their respective successors and assigns, except that no Loan Party shall have the right to assign or transfer its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein (and any such assignment or transfer shall be void) except as expressly permitted by the Credit Agreement. This Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each Loan Party and may be amended, modified, supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Loan Party without the approval of any other Loan Party and without affecting the obligations of any other Loan Party hereunder.
Section 7.07      . Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction. The parties shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.
Section 7.08      . Right of Set-Off. Each Loan Party expressly agrees to the provisions set forth in 13.02 of the Credit Agreement with the same force and effect as if such provisions were set forth in full herein.
Section 7.09      . Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process. (i) This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, including Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of Title 14 of the New York General Obligations Law but excluding all other choice of law and conflicts of laws rules thereof.
(b)      Each of the Loan Parties hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of any New York State court or Federal court of the United States of America sitting in New York City, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement or any other Loan Document

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shall affect any right that the Collateral Agent or any Lender may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document against any Grantor or Guarantor, or its properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.
(c)      Each of the Loan Parties hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document in any court referred to in paragraph (b) above. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.
(d)      Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 7.01. Nothing in this Agreement or any other Loan Document will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.
Section 7.10      . Waiver of Jury Trial. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 7.10.
Section 7.11      . Headings. Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and are not to affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.
Section 7.12      . Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder, the Security Interest, the grant of a security interest in the Pledged Collateral and all obligations of each Grantor and Guarantor hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of (i) any lack of validity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement, any other Loan Document, any agreement with respect to any of the Secured Obligations or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of the foregoing, (ii) any change in the time, manner or

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place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Secured Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the Credit Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement or instrument, (iii) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any Lien on other collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent under or departure from any guarantee, securing or guaranteeing all or any of the Secured Obligations, or (iv) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any Grantor or Guarantor in respect of the Secured Obligations or this Agreement.
Section 7.13      . Termination or Release. (iii) This Agreement, the Guarantees made herein, the Security Interest, the grant of a security interest in the Pledged Collateral and all other security interests granted hereby shall terminate upon the payment in full in cash of the Loans and all the other Loan Document Obligations (other than unasserted contingent and indemnification obligations), termination of all Commitments and Incremental Commitments and reduction of all exposure under any letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement to zero (or the making of other arrangements satisfactory to the issuers thereof).
(b)      A Guarantor shall automatically be released from its obligations hereunder and the Security Interest in the Collateral of such Guarantor shall be automatically released upon the consummation of any transaction permitted by the Credit Agreement as a result of which such Guarantor ceases to be a Subsidiary; provided that the Required Lenders shall have consented to such transaction (to the extent required by the Credit Agreement) and the terms of such consent did not provide otherwise.
(c)      Upon any sale or other transfer by any Grantor of any Collateral that is permitted under the Credit Agreement (other than a sale or other transfer to Resolute or any Subsidiary of Resolute), or upon the effectiveness of any written consent to the release of the security interest granted hereby in any Collateral pursuant to Section 12.10 of the Credit Agreement, the security interest in such Collateral shall be automatically released.
(d)      At any time that a Grantor desires that the Collateral Agent take any action to acknowledge or give effect to any release of a Grantor or Collateral pursuant to the foregoing Section 7.13(b) or (c), Resolute shall deliver to the Collateral Agent a certificate signed by a principal executive officer of Resolute stating that the release of the respective Grantor or Collateral is permitted pursuant to such Section 7.13(b) or (c). In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph (a), (b) or (c), the Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, all documents that such Grantor shall reasonably request to evidence such termination or release; provided , however , that (i) the Collateral Agent shall not be required to execute any such

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document on terms which, in its opinion, would expose it to liability or create any obligation or entail any consequence other than the release of such Liens without recourse or warranty, and (ii) such release shall not in any manner discharge, affect or impair the Secured Obligations or any Liens upon (or obligations of the Grantors in respect of) all interests in Collateral retained by the Grantors. Any execution and delivery of documents pursuant to this Section 7.13 shall be without recourse to or warranty by the Collateral Agent.
(e)      The Collateral Agent shall have no liability whatsoever to any other Secured Party as the result of any release of any Guarantor or Collateral by it in accordance with (or which the Collateral Agent in good faith believes to be in accordance with) this Section 7.13.
Section 7.14      . Additional Subsidiaries. Pursuant to Sections 9.09, 10.05(e) and 10.15 of the Credit Agreement, certain Domestic Subsidiaries are required to enter into this Agreement as Grantors and Guarantors. Upon execution and delivery by the Collateral Agent and a Subsidiary of an instrument in the form of Exhibit A hereto, such Subsidiary shall become a Grantor and a Guarantor hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as a Grantor and a Guarantor herein. The execution and delivery of any such instrument shall not require the consent of any other Loan Party hereunder. The rights and obligations of each Loan Party hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Loan Party as a party to this Agreement.
Section 7.15      . Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact. Each Grantor hereby appoints the Collateral Agent the attorney-in-fact of such Grantor, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, with full power of substitution either in the Collateral Agent’s name or in the name of such Grantor (i) to receive, endorse, assign and/or deliver any and all notes, acceptances, checks, drafts, money orders or other evidences of payment arising out of the Collateral or any part thereof; (ii) to demand, collect, receive payment of, give receipt for and give discharges and releases of all or any of the Collateral; (iii) to sign the name of any Grantor on any invoice or bill of lading included in the Collateral; (iv) to send verifications of Accounts to any Account Debtor; (v) to commence and prosecute any and all suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction to collect or otherwise realize on all or any of the Collateral or to enforce any rights in respect of any Collateral; (vi) to settle, compromise, compound, adjust or defend any actions, suits or proceedings relating to all or any of the Collateral; (vii) to make, settle and adjust claims in respect of Collateral under policies of insurance and to endorse the name of such Grantor on any check, draft, instrument or any other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and decisions with respect thereto; (viii) to notify, or to require any Grantor to notify, Account Debtors to make payment directly to the Collateral Agent; and (ix) to use, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, make any agreement with respect to or

32
 



otherwise deal with all or any of the Collateral, and to do all other acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, as fully and completely as though the Collateral Agent were the absolute owner of the Collateral for all purposes; provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring or obligating the Collateral Agent to make any commitment or to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by the Collateral Agent, or to present or file any claim or notice, or to take any action with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof or the moneys due or to become due in respect thereof or any property covered thereby. The Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall be accountable only for amounts actually received as a result of the exercise of the powers granted to them herein, and neither they nor their officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible to any Grantor for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for their own gross negligence or wilful misconduct.
Section 7.16      . Recourse. This Agreement is made with full recourse to each U.S. Loan Party and pursuant to and upon all the warranties, representations, covenants and agreements on the part of such U.S. Loan Party contained herein, in the Loan Documents, Secured Hedging Agreements or Secured Cash Management Agreements and otherwise in writing in connection herewith or therewith.
Section 7.17      . Release . The Collateral Agent hereby releases any Lien or security interest granted under the Loan Documents in any property or assets of any Grantor owned by such Grantor on the Sixth Amendment Effective Date which was included in the “Collateral” (as defined in the Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) but which is not included in the Collateral (as defined herein). The Collateral Agent hereby agrees to execute and deliver to the Grantors, and authorizes the Grantors to file, (x) amendments to the UCC financing statements and other similar registration forms to amend the description of collateral contained therein so as to conform such description to the description of the Collateral hereunder and (y) any other documents reasonably requested to evidence such release. Any execution and delivery of documents pursuant to this Section 7.17 shall be without recourse to or warranty by the Collateral Agent.

[Signature Page Follows]



33
 



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 

CITIBANK, N.A., as Collateral Agent,
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 

[Names of other U.S. Borrowers]
By:
 
Name:
Title:






[Signature Page to the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement]



Schedule 1 to
the Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
[ Reserved ]








Schedule 2 to
the Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement

PLEDGED DEBT SECURITIES
Holder
Issuer
Principal Amount
Date of Note
Maturity Date
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 







Schedule 3 to
the Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
[ Reserved ]







Schedule 4 to
the Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
CORPORATE NAME CHANGES, ETC.







Exhibit A to the
Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
SUPPLEMENT NO. __ dated as of [ ], to the Amended and Restated Guarantee and Collateral Agreement dated as of February 25, 2014 (the “ Guarantee and Collateral Agreement ”), by and among RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. (“ Resolute ”), a Delaware corporation, certain of its Subsidiaries party thereto (each such subsidiary individually a “ Subsidiary Grantor ” and collectively, the “ Subsidiary Grantors ”; the Subsidiary Grantors and Resolute are referred to collectively herein as the “ Grantors ”) and CITIBANK, N.A. (“ Citibank ”), as Collateral Agent (in such capacity, the “ Collateral Agent ”).
A. Reference is made to the ABL Credit Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated as of April 28, 2011, Amendment No. 2 dated as of October 28, 2011, Amendment No. 3 dated as of March 21, 2012, Amendment No. 4 dated as of April 12, 2013, Amendment No. 5 dated as of May 8, 2013 and Amendment No. 6 dated as of February 25, 2014, and as otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”), among Resolute, certain of its Subsidiaries party thereto, the lenders from time to time party thereto and Citibank, as Administrative Agent.
B. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement and the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement referred to therein.
C. The Grantors have entered into the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make Loans to the Borrowers. Section 7.14 of Guarantee and Collateral Agreement provides that additional Domestic Subsidiaries of Resolute may become Guarantors under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement by execution and delivery of an instrument in the form of this Supplement. The undersigned Subsidiary (the “ New Subsidiary ”) is executing this Supplement in accordance with the requirements of the Credit Agreement to become a Guarantor under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make additional Loans to the Borrowers and as consideration for Loans previously made to the Borrowers.
Accordingly, the Collateral Agent and the New Subsidiary agree as follows:
SECTION 1. In accordance with Section 7.14 of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the New Subsidiary by its signature below becomes a Grantor and Guarantor under the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement with the same force and effect as if originally named therein as a Grantor and Guarantor and the New Subsidiary hereby (a) agrees to all the terms and provisions of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement applicable to it as a Grantor and Guarantor thereunder and (b) represents and warrants that the representations and warranties made by it as a Grantor and Guarantor thereunder are true and correct on and as of the date hereof. In furtherance of the foregoing, the New Subsidiary, as security for the payment and performance in full of the Secured Obligations (as defined in the Collateral Agreement), does hereby create and grant to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, their successors

A- 1



and assigns, a security interest in and lien on all of the New Subsidiary’s right, title and interest in and to the Collateral (as defined in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) of the New Subsidiary. Each reference to a “ Guarantor ” or “ Grantor ” in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall be deemed to include the New Subsidiary. The Guarantee and Collateral Agreement is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
SECTION 2. The New Subsidiary represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties that this Supplement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by it and constitutes its legal, valid and binding obligation, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity (whether enforcement is sought by a proceeding in equity or at law).
SECTION 3. This Supplement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Supplement shall become effective when the Collateral Agent shall have received a counterpart of this Supplement that bears the signature of the New Subsidiary and the Collateral Agent has executed a counterpart hereof. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Supplement by facsimile transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Supplement.
SECTION 4. The New Subsidiary hereby represents and warrants that (a) set forth on Schedule 1 attached hereto is a true and correct schedule as of the date hereof with the true and correct legal name of the New Subsidiary, its jurisdiction of formation and the location of its chief executive office, (b) set forth on Schedule 2 attached hereto is a true and correct schedule, as of the date hereof, of all debt securities and promissory notes owned by the New Subsidiary required to be pledged under Article 3 or Section 4.04(c). The New Subsidiary shall deliver to the Collateral Agent a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of the New Subsidiary setting forth the information (other than that set forth on the Schedules described above) required pursuant to the Perfection Certificate.
SECTION 5. Except as expressly supplemented hereby, the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 6. THIS SUPPLEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, INCLUDING SECTIONS 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF TITLE 14 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW BUT EXCLUDING ALL OTHER CHOICE OF LAW AND CONFLICTS OF LAWS RULES THEREOF.
SECTION 7. In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Supplement should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein and in the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby (it being understood that the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not in and of itself affect the validity of such provision in any other jurisdiction). The parties hereto shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with

A-2



valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.
SECTION 8. All communications and notices hereunder shall be in writing and given as provided in Section 7.01 of the Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.
SECTION 9. The New Subsidiary agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with this Supplement, including the reasonable fees, other charges and disbursements of counsel for the Collateral Agent.
[Signature Page Follows]



A-3



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the New Subsidiary and the Collateral Agent have duly executed this Supplement to the Collateral Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
[NAME OF NEW SUBSIDIARY],
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 

CITIBANK, N.A., as Collateral Agent,
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 


A- 4



Schedule 1
to Supplement No. __ to the
Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
NEW SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
Name
Jurisdiction of Formation
Chief Executive Office



A- 5



Schedule 2
to Supplement No. __ to the
Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement

PLEDGED DEBT SECURITIES
Issuer
Principal Amount
Date of Note
Maturity Date
 
 
 
 


A- 6




EXHIBIT C

FORM OF CANADIAN GUARANTEE AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT

A-7





Execution Copy
AMENDED AND RESTATED CANADIAN GUARANTEE
AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT
dated as of
February 25, 2014
among
THE CANADIAN GUARANTORS PARTY HERETO
and
CITIBANK, N.A.,
as Collateral Agent









Article 1 Definitions     1
Credit Agreement
1
Other Defined Terms
2
Article 2 Guarantee     5
Guarantee
5
Guarantee of Payment
6
No Limitations
6
Reinstatement
7
Agreement to Pay; Subrogation
7
Information
7
[Reserved].
7
Keepwell
7
Article 3 Pledge of Debt Securities     8
Pledge
8
Delivery of the Pledged Collateral
8
Representations, Warranties and Covenants
9
[Reserved]
10
Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations
10
Interest .
10
[Reserved] .
11
[Reserved] .
11
Article 4 Security Interests in Personal Property     11
Security Interest .
11
Representations and Warranties
13
Covenants
14
Other Actions
17
[Reserved] .
19
Amalgamation
19
Article 5 Remedies     19
Remedies Upon Default
19
Application of Proceeds
21
Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property
22
Securities Laws
22
Article 6 Indemnity, Subrogation and Subordination     23
Indemnity and Subrogation
23
Contribution and Subrogation
23
Subordination.
23



- 2 -


Article 7 Miscellaneous     24
Notices
24
Waivers; Amendment .
24
Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification .
24
Successors and Assigns
25
Survival of Agreement
25
Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement
25
Severability
26
Right of Set-Off
26
Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process .
26
Waiver of Jury Trial
27
Headings
27
Security Interest Absolute
27
Termination or Release .
28
Additional Canadian Subsidiaries
29
Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact
29
Recourse
30








Schedules
Schedule 1    Corporate Name Changes, Etc.
Schedule 2    Pledged Debt Securities
Exhibits
Exhibit A    Form of Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement Supplement






AMENDED AND RESTATED CANADIAN GUARANTEE AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of February 25, 2014, among each Canadian Guarantor set forth on the signature pages hereto and Citibank, N.A. (“ Citibank ”), as Collateral Agent.
WHEREAS, Resolute Forest Products Inc. (f/k/a AbitibiBowater Inc.) (“ Resolute ”) entered into (i) that certain ABL Credit Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated as of April 28, 2011, Amendment No. 2 dated as of October 28, 2011, Amendment No. 3 dated as of March 21, 2012, Amendment No. 4 dated as of April 12, 2013 and Amendment No. 5 dated as of May 8, 2013, and as otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Existing Credit Agreement ”), among Resolute, certain of its Subsidiaries party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Citibank, as Administrative Agent and (ii) that certain Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010, as amended by Amendment No. 2 described above, among each Canadian Guarantor set forth on the signature pages thereto, and Citibank, as Collateral Agent (the “ Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement ”), as supplemented by Supplement No. 1 dated as of September 14, 2012 among each Canadian Guarantor set forth on the signature pages thereto, and Citibank, as Collateral Agent;
WHEREAS, Resolute has requested that the Administrative Agent and the Lenders amend the Existing Credit Agreement pursuant to Amendment No. 6 to the Existing Credit Agreement dated as of February 25, 2014 (“ Amendment No. 6 ”; the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended by Amendment No. 6, the “ Credit Agreement ”), among Resolute, certain of its subsidiaries party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Citibank, as Administrative Agent;
WHEREAS, in connection with Amendment No. 6, Resolute and the Administrative Agent (acting at the direction of the Required Lenders (as defined in the Existing Credit Agreement)) have agreed to amend the Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement as set forth herein in order to, among other things, reflect certain changes to the collateral granted hereunder; and
WHEREAS, each Grantor is a Canadian Subsidiary Guarantor and/or a Canadian Borrower under the Credit Agreement and an affiliate of each other Grantor, will derive substantial benefits from the extension of credit to the Canadian Borrowers pursuant to the Credit Agreement and is willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to extend such credit.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto covenant and agree that the Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety, and do hereby agree as follows:



- 2 -


Article 1
Definitions
Section 1.01.      Credit Agreement .
(a)      Capitalized terms used in this Agreement, including the preamble and introductory paragraph hereto, and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings specified in the Credit Agreement. All terms defined in the PPSA and not defined in this Agreement have the meanings specified therein.
(b)      The rules of construction specified in Section 1.03 of the Credit Agreement also apply to this Agreement.
Section 1.02.      Other Defined Terms . As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:
Account Debtor ” means any Person who is or who may become obligated to any Grantor under, with respect to or on account of an Account.
Amendment No. 6 ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this Agreement.
Borrowers ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement and includes any successor by merger, consolidation or amalgamation.
Canadian Borrowers ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement and includes any successor by merger, consolidation or amalgamation.
Cash Collateral Account ” means a non-interest bearing cash collateral account maintained with, and in the sole dominion and control of, the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties.
Claiming Party ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.02.
Collateral ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.01.
Contract Rights ” means all rights of any Grantor under each Contract, including, without limitation, (i) any and all rights to receive and demand payments under any or all Contracts, (ii) any and all rights to receive and compel performance under any or all Contracts and (iii) any and all other rights, interests and claims now existing or in the future arising in connection with any or all Contracts.
Contracts ” means all contracts between any Grantor and one or more additional parties (including, without limitation, any Hedging Agreements, licensing agreements and any partnership agreements, joint venture agreements and limited liability company agreements).



- 3 -


Contributing Party ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.02.
Copyright License ” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting any right to any third party under any Copyright now or hereafter owned by any Grantor or that such Grantor otherwise has the right to license, or granting any right to any Grantor under any copyright now or hereafter owned by any third party, and all rights of such Grantor under any such agreement.
Copyrights ” means all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor: (a) all copyright rights in any work subject to the copyright laws of Canada, the United States or any other jurisdiction, whether as author, assignee, transferee or otherwise, and (b) all registrations and applications for registration of any such copyright in Canada, the United States or any other jurisdiction, including registrations, recordings, supplemental registrations and pending applications for registration in the Canadian Intellectual Property Office, the United States Copyright Office or similar office in any jurisdiction.
Credit Agreement ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this Agreement.
Excluded Assets ” means (i) any shares of capital stock or other Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of a Grantor, (ii) any shares of capital stock or other Equity Interests of any Joint Venture Subsidiary, (iii) Excluded Accounts, (iv) Intellectual Property, and (v) any property to the extent that a grant of a security interest therein would violate applicable law, require a consent not obtained of any Governmental Authority, or constitute a breach of or default under, or result in the termination of or require a consent not obtained under, any contract, lease, license or other agreement evidencing or giving rise to such property, or result in the invalidation thereof or provide any party thereto with a right of termination; provided, however, that such security interest shall attach immediately at such time as the condition causing such prohibition, unenforceability, breach or termination shall be remedied or shall otherwise cease to exist. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Excluded Assets” shall not include any property or assets that constitute direct Proceeds of property or assets described in clause (a) or (b) of Section 3.01 or in any of clauses (i) through (viii) of Section 4.01 (a).
Excluded Investment Property ” means, at any time, Investment Property held by any Grantor in the form of Equity Interests or other securities, in each case, (a) that are not publicly traded, (b) with respect to which a grant of a security interest is not prohibited or does not constitute or result in a breach or termination under the terms of, or a default under, any contract or agreement relating to such Investment Property and (c) whose book value, together with the aggregate book value of all other Excluded Investment Property, does not exceed $40,000,000 in the aggregate at such time.
Existing Credit Agreement ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this Agreement.
Existing Guarantee and Collateral Agreement ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preliminary statements of this Agreement.



- 4 -


Grantors ” means each Canadian Subsidiary set forth on the signature pages hereto, and each other Canadian Subsidiary that becomes a Guarantor pursuant to Section 7.14 hereof by executing a supplement to this Agreement.
Guaranteed Party ” shall mean the Canadian Borrowers, each other Guarantor and each Canadian Subsidiary party to any Secured Hedging Agreement or any Secured Cash Management Agreement.
Guarantors ” means each of the Grantors.
Intangibles ” means all Intangibles as defined in the PPSA, and shall include any personal property, including choses in action, other than Accounts, Chattel Paper, bank accounts, Documents of Title, Goods, Instruments, Investment Property, Letter-of-Credit Rights, letters of credit and Money. The term includes payment intangibles and software.
Intellectual Property ” means all industrial, intellectual and similar property of every kind and nature now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor, including inventions, designs, Patents, Copyrights, Licenses, Trademarks, industrial designs, integrated circuit topographies, trade secrets, confidential or proprietary technical and business information, know-how, show-how or other data or information, software and databases and all embodiments or fixations thereof and related documentation, registrations and franchises, and all additions, improvements and accessions to, and books and records describing or used in connection with, any of the foregoing.
Letter-of-Credit Rights ” shall mean a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance, but does not include the right of a beneficiary to demand payment or performance under a letter of credit.
License ” means any Patent License, Trademark License, Copyright License or other license or sublicense agreement relating to intellectual property to which any Grantor is a party.
Patent License ” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any third party any right to make, use or sell any invention on which a Patent, now or hereafter owned by any Grantor or that any Grantor otherwise has the right to license, is in existence, or granting to any Grantor any right to make, use or sell any invention on which a patent, now or hereafter owned by any third party, is in existence, and all rights of any Grantor under any such agreement.
Patents ” means all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor: (a) all letters patent of Canada, the United States or any other jurisdiction, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all applications for letters patent of Canada, the United States or any other jurisdiction, including registrations, recordings and pending applications in the Canadian Intellectual Property Office, the United States Patent and Trademark Office or similar office in any other jurisdiction, and (b) all reissues, continuations, divisions, continuations-in-part, renewals or extensions thereof, and the inventions disclosed or claimed therein, including the right to make, use and/or sell the inventions disclosed or claimed therein.



- 5 -


Pledged Collateral ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01.
Pledged Debt Securities ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.01.
Qualified ECP Guarantor ” means, in respect of any Swap Obligation, each Guarantor that constitutes an “eligible contract participant” under the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulations promulgated thereunder and can cause another person to qualify as an “eligible contract participant” at such time by entering into a keepwell under Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
Receiver ” means a receiver, a manager or a receiver and manager.
Secured Parties ” means (a) the Lenders, (b) the Administrative Agent, (c) the Collateral Agent, (d) each counterparty to any Secured Hedging Agreement, (e) each Person to whom any Cash Management Services Obligations in respect of any Secured Cash Management Agreement are owed, (f) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (g) the successors and assigns of each of the foregoing, in each case to the extent holding Canadian Secured Obligations.
Securities Laws ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.04.
Security Interest ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.01.
Supporting Obligation ” shall mean any Letter-of-Credit Right or secondary obligation that supports the payment or performance of an Account, Chattel Paper, Document of Title, Intangible, Instrument or Investment Property.
Trademark License ” means any written agreement, now or hereafter in effect, granting to any third party any right to use any Trademark now or hereafter owned by any Grantor or that any Grantor otherwise has the right to license, or granting to any Grantor any right to use any trademark now or hereafter owned by any third party, and all rights of any Grantor under any such agreement.
Trademarks ” means all of the following now owned or hereafter acquired by any Grantor: (a) all trademarks, service marks, trade names, corporate names, company names, business names, fictitious business names, trade styles, trade dress, logos, other source or business identifiers, designs and Intangibles of like nature, now existing or hereafter adopted or acquired, all registrations and recordings thereof, and all registration and recording applications filed in connection therewith, including registrations and registration applications in the Canadian Intellectual Property Office, the United States Patent and Trademark Office or any similar office in any other jurisdiction, and all extensions or renewals thereof, (b) all goodwill associated therewith or symbolized thereby and (c) all other assets, rights and interests that uniquely reflect or embody such goodwill.
Article 2
Guarantee
Section 2.01.      Guarantee . Each Guarantor unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees, jointly with the other Guarantors and severally, as the primary obligation and debt of each Guarantor and not merely as a surety, the due, prompt and complete payment and performance of the Canadian Secured Obligations. Each of the Guarantors further agrees that the Canadian Secured Obligations may be extended or renewed, in whole or in part, without notice to or further assent from it, and that it will remain bound upon its guarantee notwithstanding any extension or renewal of any Canadian Secured Obligation. Each of the Guarantors waives presentment to, demand of payment from and protest to any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party of any of the Canadian Secured Obligations, and also waives notice of acceptance of its guarantee and notice of protest for nonpayment.



- 6 -


Section 2.02.      Guarantee of Payment . Each Guarantor further agrees that its guarantee hereunder constitutes a guarantee of payment when due and not of collection, and waives any right to require that any resort be had by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to any other Guarantor or any Guaranteed Party to any security held for the payment of the Canadian Secured Obligations or to any balance of any deposit account or credit on the books of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in favour of any Canadian Borrower or any other Person.
Section 2.03.      No Limitations .
(a)      Except for termination or release of a Guarantor’s obligations hereunder as expressly provided in Section 7.13, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment or termination for any reason, including any claim of waiver, release, surrender, alteration or compromise, and shall not be subject to any defense (other than defense of payment in full in cash) or set-off, counterclaim, recoupment or termination whatsoever by reason of the invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of the Canadian Secured Obligations or otherwise. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be discharged or impaired or otherwise affected by (i) the failure of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to assert any claim or demand or to enforce any right or remedy under the provisions of any Loan Document, Secured Hedging Agreement, Secured Cash Management Agreement or otherwise; (ii) any rescission, waiver, amendment or modification of, or any release from any of the terms or provisions of, any Loan Document, Secured Hedging Agreement, Secured Cash Management Agreement or any other agreement, including with respect to any other Guarantor under this Agreement; (iii) the release of any security held by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party for the Canadian Secured Obligations or any of them; (iv) any default, failure or delay, wilful or otherwise, in the performance of the Canadian Secured Obligations; or (v) any other act or omission that may or might in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of any Guarantor or otherwise operate as a discharge of any Guarantor as a matter of law or equity (other than to the extent of the indefeasible payment in cash of all the Canadian Secured Obligations). Each Guarantor expressly authorizes the Secured Parties to take and hold security for the payment and performance of the Canadian Secured Obligations, to exchange, waive or release any or all such security (with or without consideration), to enforce or apply such security and direct the order and manner of any sale thereof in their sole discretion or to release or substitute any one or more other guarantors or obligors upon or in respect of the Canadian Secured Obligations, all without affecting the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder.
(b)      To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense based on or arising out of any defense of any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party or the unenforceability of the Canadian Secured Obligations or any part thereof from any cause, or the cessation from any cause of the liability of any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party, other than to the extent of indefeasible payment in cash of all the Canadian Secured Obligations. The Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties may, at their election, enforce any security held by one or more of them, compromise or adjust any part of the Canadian Secured Obligations, make any other accommodation with any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party or exercise any other right or remedy available to them against any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party, without affecting or impairing in any way the liability of any Guarantor



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hereunder except to the extent the Canadian Secured Obligations have been fully and indefeasibly paid in full in cash. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense arising out of any such action even though such action operates, pursuant to applicable law, to impair or to extinguish any right of reimbursement or subrogation or other right or remedy of such Guarantor against any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party, as the case may be, or any security.
Section 2.04.      Reinstatement . Each of the Guarantors agrees that its guarantee hereunder shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment, or any part thereof, of any Canadian Secured Obligation is rescinded or must otherwise be restored by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party upon the bankruptcy or reorganization of any Canadian Borrower, any other Guaranteed Party or otherwise, as if such payment had been due but not made at such time.
Section 2.05.      Agreement to Pay; Subrogation . In furtherance of the foregoing and not in limitation of any other right that the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party has at law or in equity against any Guarantor by virtue hereof, upon the failure of any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party to pay any Canadian Secured Obligation when and as the same shall become due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, after notice of prepayment or otherwise, each Guarantor hereby promises to and will forthwith pay, or cause to be paid, to the Collateral Agent for distribution to the applicable Secured Parties in cash the amount of such unpaid Canadian Secured Obligation. Upon payment by or on behalf of any Guarantor of any sums to the Collateral Agent as provided above, all rights of such Guarantor against any Canadian Borrower or any other Guaranteed Party arising as a result thereof by way of right of subrogation, contribution, reimbursement, indemnity or otherwise shall in all respects be subject to Article 6.
Section 2.06.      Information . Each Guarantor assumes all responsibility for being and keeping itself informed of each Canadian Borrower’s and each other Guaranteed Party’s financial condition and assets, and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Canadian Secured Obligations and the nature, scope and extent of the risks that such Guarantor assumes and incurs hereunder, and agrees that none of the Collateral Agent or the other Secured Parties will have any duty to advise such Guarantor of information known to it or any of them regarding such circumstances or risks.
Section 2.07.      [Reserved].
Section 2.08.      Keepwell . Each Qualified ECP Guarantor hereby jointly and severally absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes to provide such funds or other support as may be needed from time to time by each other Guarantor to honor all of its obligations under the guaranty given hereby in respect of the Swap Obligations; provided, however, that each Qualified ECP Guarantor shall only be liable under this Section 2.08 for the maximum amount of such liability that can be hereby incurred without rendering its obligations under this Section 2.08, or otherwise under the guaranty given hereby, voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer, and not for any greater amount. The obligations of each Qualified ECP Guarantor under this Section 2.08 shall remain in full force and effect until the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all other Obligations (other than contingent



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indemnification obligations). Each Qualified ECP Guarantor intends that this Section 2.08 constitute, and this Section 2.08 shall be deemed to constitute, a “keepwell, support, or other agreement” for the benefit of each other Guarantor for all purposes of Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
Article 3
Pledge of Debt Securities
Section 3.01.      Pledge . As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Canadian Secured Obligations, each Grantor hereby collaterally assigns and pledges to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and hereby grants to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest in, all of such Grantor’s right, title and interest in, to and under:
(a)      (i) the promissory notes owned by it on the Sixth Amendment Effective Date and listed opposite the name of such Grantor on Schedule 2, and (ii) each other promissory note evidencing Indebtedness that evidences, governs or arises out of the disposition of any accounts receivable included in Section 4.01(a)(i) or Inventory referred to in Section 4.01(a)(v) on or after the date hereof owed to such Grantor, excluding in each case promissory notes in a principal amount of less than $20,000,000, so long as the aggregate principal amount of promissory notes not so pledged under this exclusion does not exceed $40,000,000 (the “ Pledged Debt Securities ”);
(b)      subject to Section 3.06, all payments of principal or interest, cash, instruments and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, in exchange for or upon the conversion of, and all other Proceeds received in respect of, the securities referred to in clause (a) above; and
(c)      all Proceeds of any of the foregoing (the items referred to in clauses (a), (b) and (c) of this Section 3.01 above being collectively referred to as the “ Pledged Collateral ”).
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event shall the security interest granted hereunder attach to any Excluded Assets, and the terms “Pledged Debt Securities,” and “Pledged Collateral,” shall, in each case, expressly exclude all Excluded Assets.
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the Pledged Collateral, together with all right, title, interest, powers, privileges and preferences pertaining or incidental thereto, unto the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, as security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Canadian Secured Obligations; subject, however, to the terms, covenants and conditions hereinafter set forth.
Section 3.02.      Delivery of the Pledged Collateral .
(c)      Each Grantor agrees promptly (and with respect to Pledged Debt Securities owned on the date of this Agreement, in any event within 45 days after the date of this Agreement) to



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deliver or cause to be delivered to the Collateral Agent any and all Pledged Debt Securities at any time owned by such Grantor.
(d)      Upon delivery to the Collateral Agent, (i) any Pledged Debt Securities shall be accompanied by instruments of transfer reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent and by such other instruments and documents as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request and (ii) all other property comprising part of the Pledged Collateral shall be accompanied by proper instruments of assignment duly executed by the applicable Grantor and such other instruments or documents as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request. Each delivery of Pledged Debt Securities after the date of this Agreement shall be accompanied by a schedule describing the Pledged Debt Securities so delivered, which schedule shall be attached hereto as a supplement to Schedule 2 and made a part hereof; provided that failure to attach any such schedule hereto shall not affect the validity of such pledge of such Pledged Debt Securities.
(e)      The assignment, pledges and security interests granted in Section 3.01 are granted as security only and shall not subject the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising out of the Pledged Collateral.
Section 3.03.      Representations, Warranties and Covenants . The Grantors jointly and severally represent, warrant and covenant to and with the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, that:
(a)      Schedule 2 correctly sets forth, as of the Sixth Amendment Effective Date, with respect to each Grantor, all Pledged Debt Securities owned by such Grantor;
(b)      To each Grantor’s knowledge, the Pledged Debt Securities pledged by such Grantor have been duly and validly authorized and issued by the issuers thereof and are legal, valid and binding obligations of the issuers thereof, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law;
(c)      except for the security interests granted hereunder, each of the Grantors (i) is and, subject to any repayments, sales, transfers or other dispositions made in compliance with the Credit Agreement, will continue to be the direct owner, beneficially and of record, of the Pledged Debt Securities indicated on Schedule 2 as owned by such Grantor, (ii) holds the same free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens), (iii) except for Permitted Liens, will not pledge or hypothecate, or otherwise create a consensual Lien on, the Pledged Collateral, and (iv) will defend its title or interest thereto or therein against any and all Liens (other than Permitted Liens), however arising, of all Persons whomsoever;
(d)      each of the Grantors has the power and authority to pledge the Pledged Collateral pledged by it hereunder in the manner hereby done or contemplated;
(e)      no consent or approval of any Person was or is necessary to the validity of the pledge effected hereby (other than such as have been obtained and are in full force and effect);



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(f)      by virtue of the execution and delivery by the Grantors of this Agreement, when any Pledged Debt Securities are delivered to the Collateral Agent in accordance with this Agreement, the Collateral Agent will obtain a legal, valid and perfected lien upon and security interest in such Pledged Debt Securities as security for the payment and performance of the Canadian Secured Obligations; and
(g)      the pledge effected hereby is effective to vest in the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, the rights of the Collateral Agent in the Pledged Collateral as set forth herein.
Section 3.04.      [Reserved]
Section 3.05.      Registration in Nominee Name; Denominations . The Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Secured Parties, shall have the right (in its sole and absolute discretion) to hold the Pledged Debt Securities in the name of the applicable Grantor, endorsed or assigned in blank. The Collateral Agent shall, at any time after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, have the right (in its sole discretion) to require the Grantors to exchange the certificates representing Pledged Debt Securities for certificates of smaller or larger denominations for any purpose consistent with this Agreement.
Section 3.06.      Interest . Unless and until an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and the Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing that their rights under this Section 3.06 are being suspended:
(i)      Each Grantor shall be entitled to exercise any and all rights and powers inuring to an owner of the Pledged Debt Securities or any part thereof for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement, the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
(ii)      The Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to each Grantor, or cause to be executed and delivered to such Grantor, all such powers of attorney and other instruments as such Grantor may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling such Grantor to exercise the powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (i) above and to receive the interest, principal and other distributions it is entitled to receive and retain pursuant to paragraph (iii) below.
(iii)      Each Grantor shall be entitled to receive and retain any and all interest, principal, cash, instruments and other property and all distributions from time to time received, receivable or otherwise paid on or distributed in respect of or in exchange for the Pledged Debt Securities to the extent and only to the extent that such interest, principal and other distributions are permitted by, and otherwise paid or distributed in accordance with, the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement, the other Loan Documents and applicable laws; provided that any noncash interest, principal or other distributions that would constitute Pledged Debt Securities received in exchange for Pledged Debt Securities or any part thereof shall be and become part of the Pledged Collateral (except for Excluded Assets), and, if received by any Grantor, shall not be commingled by such Grantor with any of its other funds or property but shall be held separate and apart therefrom, shall be held in trust for



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the benefit of the Collateral Agent and shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement).
(b)      Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(iii) above, all rights of any Grantor to interest, principal or other distributions that such Grantor is authorized to receive pursuant to paragraph (a)(iii) above, and the obligations of the Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) above, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to receive and retain such interest, principal or other distributions. All interest, principal or other distributions received by any Grantor contrary to the provisions of this Section 3.06 shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Collateral Agent, shall be segregated from other property or funds of such Grantor and shall be forthwith delivered to the Collateral Agent upon demand in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement). Any and all money and other property paid over to or received by the Collateral Agent pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph (b) shall be retained by the Collateral Agent in an account to be established by the Collateral Agent upon receipt of such money or other property and shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.02. After all Events of Default have been cured or waived and Resolute has delivered to the Collateral Agent a certificate to that effect, the Collateral Agent shall promptly repay to each Grantor (without interest) all interest, principal or other distributions that such Grantor would otherwise be permitted to retain pursuant to the terms of paragraph (a)(iii) above and that remain in such account.
(c)      Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, after the Collateral Agent shall have notified the Grantors in writing of the suspension of their rights under paragraph (a)(i) above, all rights of any Grantor to exercise the rights and powers it is entitled to exercise pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) above, and the obligations of the Collateral Agent under paragraph (a)(ii) above, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in the Collateral Agent, which shall have the sole and exclusive right and authority to exercise such rights and powers; provided that, unless otherwise directed by the Required Lenders, the Collateral Agent shall have the right from time to time following and during the continuance of an Event of Default to permit the Grantors to exercise such rights.
(d)      Any notice given by the Collateral Agent to the Grantors suspending their rights under paragraph (a) of this Section 3.06 (i) may be given by telephone to any Responsible Officer if promptly confirmed in writing, (ii) may be given to one or more of the Grantors at the same or different times and (iii) may suspend the rights of the Grantors under paragraph (a)(i) or paragraph (a)(iii) in part without suspending all such rights (as specified by the Collateral Agent in its sole and absolute discretion) and without waiving or otherwise affecting the Collateral Agent’s right to give additional notices from time to time suspending other rights so long as an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
Section 3.07.      [Reserved] .
Section 3.08.      [Reserved] .



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Article 4
Security Interests in Personal Property
Section 4.01.      Security Interest .
(f)      As security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, in full of the Canadian Secured Obligations, each Grantor hereby collaterally assigns and pledges to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and hereby grants to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, a security interest (the “ Security Interest ”) in, all right, title and interest in, to or under any and all of the following assets and properties now owned or at any time hereafter acquired by such Grantor or in which such Grantor now has or at any time in the future may acquire any right, title or interest (collectively, the “ Collateral ”):
(i)      all Accounts;
(ii)      [ Reserved ]
(iii)      all Money and all bank accounts and all monies deposited therein;
(iv)      all Investment Property (including all Future Contracts, Future Accounts, Securities and Securities Accounts and Security Entitlements or Financial Assets credited thereto);
(v)      all Inventory;
(vi)      to the extent evidencing or governing any of the items referred to in the preceding clauses (i) through (v), all Chattel Paper, Documents of Title, Intangibles (excluding Intellectual Property), Contracts, Contract Rights and Instruments;
(vii)      to the extent securing or supporting any of the items referred to in the preceding clauses (i) through (vi), all Supporting Obligations and Letter-of-Credit Rights;
(viii)      all books and Records pertaining to the foregoing; and
(ix)      all products and Proceeds of the foregoing (including, without limitation, all insurance and claims for insurance effected or held for the benefit of the Grantors or the Secured Parties in respect thereof and all collateral security and guarantees given by any Person with respect to any of the foregoing).
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in no event shall the security interest granted hereunder attach to any Excluded Assets, and the term "Collateral" shall expressly exclude all such Excluded Assets.
(g)      Each Grantor hereby irrevocably authorizes the Collateral Agent at any time and from time to time to file in any relevant jurisdiction any financing statements with respect to the



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Collateral or any part thereof and amendments thereto that (i) indicate the Collateral of such Grantor as defined herein and (ii) contain the information required by the PPSA or other applicable law of each applicable jurisdiction for the filing of any financing statement or financing change statement. Each Grantor agrees to provide such information to the Collateral Agent promptly upon request.
Each Grantor also ratifies its authorization for the Collateral Agent to file in any relevant jurisdiction any initial financing statements or amendments thereto if filed prior to the date hereof.
To the extent that any financing statement or other filing includes any Excluded Assets, or any other property or assets that are not included in the Collateral, the Collateral Agent shall take such action from time to time as reasonably requested by any Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, as necessary to evidence or reflect the exclusion thereof from the Security Interest, provided that such Grantor shall have delivered to the Collateral Agent such documentation and certification with respect thereto as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request.
(h)      The Security Interest is granted as security only and shall not subject the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to, or in any way alter or modify, any obligation or liability of any Grantor with respect to or arising out of the Collateral.
(i)      Each Grantor acknowledges that (i) value has been given, (ii) it has rights in the Collateral or the power to transfer rights in the Collateral to the Collateral Agent (other than after-acquired Collateral), (iii) it has not agreed to postpone the time of attachment of the Security Interest, and (iv) it has received an executed copy of this Agreement and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, waives the right to receive a copy of any financing statement or financing change statement registered in connection with this Agreement or any verification statement issued in respect of any such financing statement or financing change statement.
Section 4.02.      Representations and Warranties . The Grantors jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties that:
(h)      Each Grantor has good and valid rights in the Collateral with respect to which it has purported to grant a Security Interest hereunder and has full power and authority to grant to the Collateral Agent the Security Interest in such Collateral pursuant hereto and to execute, deliver and perform its obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, without the consent or approval of any other Person other than any consent or approval that has been obtained.
(i)      The Canadian Perfection Certificate most recently delivered pursuant to the Credit Agreement has been duly prepared, completed and executed and the information set forth therein, including the exact legal name of each Grantor, was correct and complete in all material respects as of the date thereof. The PPSA financing statements prepared by the Collateral Agent based upon the information provided to the Collateral Agent in the Canadian Perfection Certificate, are all the filings, recordings and registrations that are necessary as of the date of such Perfection Certificate to publish notice of and protect the validity of and to establish a legal, valid and perfected security interest in favour of the Collateral Agent (for the benefit of the Secured Parties) in respect of all Collateral in which the Security Interest may be perfected by filing a PPSA financing statement in any province of Canada (other than Quebec) (or any political subdivision thereof), and no further



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or subsequent filing, refiling, recording, rerecording, registration or reregistration is necessary in Canada or any other jurisdiction for any such Collateral, except as provided under applicable law with respect to the filing of financing change statements to effect a renewal of an existing PPSA registration.
(j)      The Security Interest constitutes (i) a legal and valid security interest in all the Collateral securing the payment and performance of the Canadian Secured Obligations, (ii) subject to the registration of the financing statements described in Section 4.02(b), a perfected security interest in all Collateral in which a security interest may be perfected by filing PPSA financing statements (or analogous documents) in the applicable province of Canada or other applicable jurisdiction (other than Quebec). The Security Interest is and shall be prior to any other Lien on any of the Collateral, other than Permitted Liens.
(k)      The Collateral is owned by the Grantors free and clear of any Lien, except for Permitted Liens. None of the Grantors has filed or consented to the filing of any financing statement or analogous document under the PPSA or any other applicable laws covering any Collateral except for Permitted Liens and Liens that shall be discharged on or about the Sixth Amendment Effective Date.
Section 4.03.      Covenants .
(a)      Each Grantor agrees promptly to notify the Collateral Agent in writing of any change (1) in corporate name, (2) in the location of its chief executive office or its principal place of business, (3) in its identity or type of organization or corporate structure, or (4) in its jurisdiction of organization, in each case other than changes listed on Schedule 1 . Each Grantor agrees to promptly provide the Collateral Agent with certified organizational documents reflecting any of the changes described in the first sentence of this paragraph (a). Each Grantor agrees to, promptly following any change referred to in the preceding sentence (and in any event within ten days), make all filings required under the PPSA or otherwise for the Collateral Agent to continue at all times following such change to have a valid, legal and perfected first priority security interest, subject to Permitted Liens, in all the Collateral.
(b)      Each Grantor agrees to maintain, at its own cost and expense, such complete and accurate records with respect to the Collateral owned by it in accordance with such prudent and standard practices used in industries that are the same as or similar to those in which such Grantor is engaged.
(c)      Each Grantor shall, at its own expense, take any and all actions reasonably necessary to defend title to the Collateral against all Persons and to defend the Security Interest of the Collateral Agent in the Collateral and the priority thereof against any Liens other than any Permitted Lien.
(d)      Each Grantor agrees, at its own expense, to execute, acknowledge, deliver and cause to be duly filed all such further instruments and documents and take all such actions as the Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request to better assure, preserve, protect and perfect the Security Interest and the rights and remedies created hereby, including the payment of any fees and taxes required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the granting of the



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Security Interest and the filing of any financing statements or other documents in connection herewith or therewith.
(e)      The Collateral Agent and such Persons as the Collateral Agent may reasonably designate shall have the right, at the Grantors’ own cost and expense, to inspect the Collateral, all records related thereto (and to make extracts and copies from such records) and the premises upon which any of the Collateral is located, to discuss the Grantors’ affairs with the officers of the Grantors and their independent accountants, all in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions relating to inspections as set forth in Section 9.06 of the Credit Agreement, and to verify under reasonable procedures the validity, amount, quality, quantity, value, condition and status of, or any other matter relating to, the Collateral, including, in the case of Accounts or Collateral in the possession of any third person, by contacting, with advance notice to and in coordination with the Grantors (unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing) Account Debtors or the third person possessing such Collateral for the purpose of making such a verification. The Collateral Agent shall have the absolute right to share any information it gains from such inspection or verification with any Lender (it being understood that any such information shall be deemed to be “Information” subject to the provisions of Section 9.10 of the Credit Agreement).
(f)      At its option (it being understood the Collateral Agent shall have no duty to any Grantor or Secured Party to exercise such option), the Collateral Agent may discharge past due taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time levied or placed on the Collateral and not permitted pursuant to the Credit Agreement, and may pay for the maintenance and preservation of the Collateral to the extent any Grantor fails to do so as required by the Credit Agreement or this Agreement after written notice thereof is delivered to Resolute by the Collateral Agent, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent on demand for any payment made or any expense incurred by the Collateral Agent pursuant to the foregoing authorization; provided that nothing in this paragraph (f) shall be interpreted as excusing any Grantor from the performance of, or imposing any obligation on the Collateral Agent or any Secured Party to cure or perform, any covenants or other promises of any Grantor with respect to taxes, assessments, charges, fees, Liens, security interests or other encumbrances and maintenance as set forth herein or in the other Loan Documents.
(g)      Each Grantor shall remain liable to observe and perform all the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it under each Contract, agreement or instrument included in the Collateral, all in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof, and each Grantor jointly and severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Collateral Agent and the Secured Parties from and against any and all liability for such performance.
(h)      None of the Grantors shall make or permit to be made an assignment, pledge or hypothecation of the Collateral or shall grant or suffer to exist any other Lien in respect of the Collateral, except as permitted by the Credit Agreement. None of the Grantors shall make or permit to be made any transfer of the Collateral except that unless and until the Collateral Agent shall notify the Grantors in writing that an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and that during the continuance thereof the Grantors shall not sell, convey, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of any Collateral, the Grantors may use and dispose of the Collateral in any lawful manner



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not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document.
(i)      The Grantors, at their own expense, shall maintain or cause to be maintained insurance covering physical loss or damage to the Inventory in accordance with the requirements set forth in 9.02 of the Credit Agreement. Each Grantor irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the Collateral Agent (and all officers, employees or agents designated by the Collateral Agent) as such Grantor’s true and lawful agent (and attorney in fact) for the purpose, during the continuance of an Event of Default, of making, settling and adjusting claims in respect of Collateral under policies of insurance, endorsing the name of such Grantor on any cheque, draft, instrument or other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and decisions with respect thereto. In the event that any Grantor at any time or times shall fail to obtain or maintain any of the policies of insurance required hereby or to pay any premium in whole or part relating thereto, the Collateral Agent may (it being understood the Collateral Agent shall have no duty to any Grantor or Secured Party to exercise such option), without waiving or releasing any obligation or liability of the Grantors hereunder or any Event of Default, in its sole discretion, upon notice to Resolute obtain and maintain such policies of insurance and pay such premium and take any other actions with respect thereto as the Collateral Agent deems advisable. All sums disbursed by the Collateral Agent in connection with this paragraph, including reasonable legal fees, court costs, expenses and other charges relating thereto, shall be payable, upon demand, by the Grantors to the Collateral Agent and shall be additional Canadian Secured Obligations secured hereby.
(j)      Each Grantor shall maintain, in form and manner reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, records of its Chattel Paper and its books, records and documents evidencing or pertaining thereto.
(k)      Each Grantor will keep and maintain at its own cost and expense materially accurate records of its Accounts and Contracts, including, but not limited to, originals or copies of all material documentation (including each Contract) with respect thereto, material records of all payments received, all credits granted thereon, all merchandise returned and all other dealings therewith, and such Grantor will make the same available, in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions relating to inspections set forth in the Credit Agreement to the Collateral Agent for inspection at such Grantor’s own cost and expense. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default and at the request of the Collateral Agent, such Grantor shall, at its own cost and expense, deliver (to the extent available) all tangible evidence of its Accounts and Contract Rights (including, without limitation, all documents evidencing the Accounts and all Contracts) and such books and records to the Collateral Agent or to its representatives (copies of which evidence and books and records may be retained by such Grantor). If the Collateral Agent so directs, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, such Grantor shall legend, in form and manner satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, the Accounts and the Contracts, as well as books, records and documents (if any) of such Grantor evidencing or pertaining to such Accounts and Contracts with an appropriate reference to the fact that such Accounts and Contracts have been assigned to the Collateral Agent and that the Collateral Agent has a security interest therein.



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(l)      Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, if the Collateral Agent so directs any Grantor in writing, such Grantor agrees (x) to cause all payments on account of the Accounts and Contracts to be made directly to a Cash Collateral Account, (y) that the Collateral Agent may, at its option, directly notify the obligors with respect to any Accounts and/or under any Contracts to make payments with respect thereto as provided in the preceding clause (x), and (z) that the Collateral Agent may enforce collection of any such Accounts and Contracts and may adjust, settle or compromise the amount of payment thereof, in the same manner and to the same extent as such Grantor. Without notice to or assent by any Grantor, the Collateral Agent may, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, apply any or all amounts then in, or thereafter deposited in, a Cash Collateral Account toward the payment of the Canadian Secured Obligations in the manner provided in Section 5.02 of this Agreement. The reasonable costs and expenses of collection (including reasonable legal fees), whether incurred by a Grantor or the Collateral Agent, shall be borne by the relevant Grantor. The Collateral Agent shall deliver a copy of each notice referred to in the preceding clause (y) to the relevant Grantor, provided that the failure by the Collateral Agent to so notify such Grantor shall not affect the effectiveness of such notice or the other rights of the Collateral Agent created by this clause (l).
(m)      Each Grantor shall endeavor in accordance with reasonable business judgment to cause to be collected from the account debtor named in each of its Accounts or obligor under any Contract, as and when due (including, without limitation, amounts which are delinquent, such amounts to be collected in accordance with generally accepted lawful collection procedures) any and all amounts owing under or on account of such Account or Contract, and promptly apply upon receipt thereof all such amounts as are so collected to the outstanding balance of such Account or under such Contract.
(n)      Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Grantors shall remain liable under each of the Accounts and Contracts to observe and perform all of the conditions and obligations to be observed and performed by it thereunder, all in accordance with the terms of any agreement giving rise to such Accounts or such Contracts, as the case may be. Neither the Collateral Agent nor any other Secured Party shall have any obligation or liability under any Account (or any agreement giving rise thereto) or any Contract by reason of or arising out of this Agreement or the receipt by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party of any payment relating to such Account or Contract, as the case may be, pursuant hereto, nor shall the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party be obligated in any manner to perform any of the obligations of any Grantor under or pursuant to any Account (or any agreement giving rise thereto) or any Contract, to make any payment, to make any inquiry as to the nature or the sufficiency of any payment received by them or as to the sufficiency of any performance by any party under any Account (or any agreement giving rise thereto) or any Contract, to present or file any claim, to take any action to enforce any performance or to collect the payment of any amounts which may have been assigned to them or to which they may be entitled at any time or times.
Section 4.04.      Other Actions . In order to further insure the attachment, perfection and priority of, and the ability of the Collateral Agent to enforce, the Security Interest, each Grantor agrees, in each case at such Grantor’s own expense, to take the following actions with respect to the following Collateral:



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(a)      Instruments and Chattel Paper . In accordance with and in furtherance of Article 3, if any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any Instruments constituting Collateral (other than any Instrument with a face amount of less than $20,000,000 so long as the aggregate principal amount of Instruments under this exclusion does not exceed $40,000,000) or Chattel Paper constituting Collateral with a value of $10,000,000 or more, such Grantor shall forthwith endorse, assign and deliver the same to the Collateral Agent, accompanied by such instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as the Collateral Agent may from time to time reasonably request. For the purposes of this Section 4.04(a), the term “Instruments” excludes (i) letters of credit which are subject to the provisions of Section 4.04(e) hereof and (ii) promissory notes not constituting Pledged Debt Securities.
(b)      Bank Accounts . For each bank account that any Grantor at any time opens or maintains (other than any Excluded Account, any Specified Collection Account and the CIBC Cash Collateral Account), such Grantor shall cause the bank to enter into a Control Agreement with such Grantor and the Collateral Agent. The Collateral Agent agrees with each Grantor that, except with respect to Designated Blocked Accounts, the Collateral Agent shall not exercise dominion and control over, or give any instructions or withhold any withdrawal rights from any Grantor, with respect to such accounts or any funds in such accounts, unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
(c)      Investment Property . If any Grantor holds any Investment Property constituting Collateral (other than any Excluded Investment Property), whether certificated or uncertificated, or other Investment Property (other than any Excluded Investment Property) now or hereafter acquired by any Grantor is held by such Grantor or its nominee through a Securities Intermediary or Futures Intermediary, such Grantor shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent thereof and, at the Collateral Agent’s request and option, pursuant to a Control Agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, cause such Securities Intermediary or Futures Intermediary, as the case may be, to agree to comply with Entitlement Orders or other instructions from the Collateral Agent to such Securities Intermediary as to such Security Entitlements or to apply any value distributed on account of any commodity contract as directed by the Collateral Agent to such Futures Intermediary, as the case may be, in each case without further consent of any Grantor, such nominee, or any other Person. The Collateral Agent agrees with each of the Grantors that the Collateral Agent shall not give any such Entitlement Orders or instructions or directions to any such issuer, Securities Intermediary or Futures Intermediary, and except with respect to Designated Blocked Accounts shall not exercise dominion and control over or withhold its consent to the exercise of any withdrawal or dealing rights by any Grantor, unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, or, after giving effect to any such investment and withdrawal rights, would occur.
(d)      [Reserved] .
(e)      Letter-of-Credit Rights . If any Grantor is at any time a beneficiary under a letter of credit included in the Collateral now or hereafter issued in favor of such Grantor with a face amount greater than $10,000,000, such Grantor shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent thereof and, at the request and option of the Collateral Agent, such Grantor shall use commercially reasonable



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efforts to, pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent, either (i) arrange for the issuer and any confirmer of such letter of credit to consent to an assignment to the Collateral Agent of the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit or (ii) arrange for the Collateral Agent to become the transferee beneficiary of the letter of credit, with the Collateral Agent agreeing, in each case, that the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit are to be paid to the applicable Grantor unless an Event of Default has occurred or is continuing.
(f)      [Reserved.]
(g)      Each Grantor will, at its own expense, make, execute, endorse, acknowledge, file and/or deliver to the Collateral Agent from time to time such vouchers, invoices, schedules, confirmatory assignments, conveyances, financing statements, transfer endorsements, certificates, reports and other assurances or instruments and take such further steps, relating to its Accounts, Contracts, instruments and other property or rights covered by the security interest hereby granted, as the Collateral Agent may reasonably require and consistent with the other terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Credit Agreement.
Section 4.05.      [Reserved] .
Section 4.06.      Amalgamation . If any Grantor is a corporation, company or other body corporate, such Grantor acknowledges that if it amalgamates or merges with any other corporation or corporations, then (i) the Collateral and the Liens thereon will extend to and include all the property and assets of the amalgamated corporation that constitutes Collateral and to any property or assets of the amalgamated corporation thereafter that constitutes Collateral owned or acquired, (ii) the term “Grantor”, where used in this Agreement, will extend to and include the amalgamated corporation, company or body corporate and (iii) the term “Canadian Secured Obligations”, where used in this Agreement, will extend to and include the Canadian Secured Obligations of the amalgamated corporation.
Article 5
Remedies
Section 5.01.      Remedies Upon Default . Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, it is agreed that the Collateral Agent shall have the right to take any of or all the following actions at the same or different times, with or without legal process and with or without prior notice or demand for performance, take possession of the Collateral and without liability for trespass to enter any premises where the Collateral may be located for the purpose of taking possession of or removing the Collateral and, generally, to exercise any and all rights afforded to a secured party under this Agreement, the PPSA or other applicable law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, each Grantor agrees that the Collateral Agent shall have the right, subject to the mandatory requirements of applicable law, to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the Collateral at a public or private sale or at any broker’s board or on any securities exchange, for cash, upon credit or for future delivery as the Collateral Agent shall deem appropriate. The Collateral Agent shall be authorized at any such sale of securities (if it deems it advisable to do so) to restrict the prospective



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bidders or purchasers to Persons who will represent and agree that they are purchasing the Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or sale thereof, and upon consummation of any such sale the Collateral Agent shall have the right to assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any sale of Collateral shall hold the property sold absolutely, free from any claim or right on the part of any Grantor, and each Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by law) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal which such Grantor now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted.
In addition to any rights now or hereafter existing under applicable law, the Collateral Agent may, personally or by agent, at such time or times as the Collateral Agent in its discretion may determine following the occurrence of an Event of Default which is continuing, do any one or more of the following: (a) carry on, or concur in the carrying on of, any or all of the business or undertaking of any Grantor and enter on, occupy and use (without charge by any Grantor) any of the premises, buildings, plant and undertaking of, or occupied or used by, any Grantor, (b) obtain from any court of competent jurisdiction an order for the sale or foreclosure of any or all of the Collateral, (c) notify (whether in its own name or in the name of a Grantor) any Account Debtors of the assignment of such Accounts to the Collateral Agent and direct such Account Debtors to make payment of all amounts due or to become due to a Grantor in respect of such Accounts directly to the Collateral Agent and, upon such notification and at the expense of such Grantor, enforce collection of any such Accounts, and adjust, settle or compromise the amount or payment of such Accounts, in such manner and to such extent as the Collateral Agent deems appropriate in the circumstances, (d) appoint by instrument in writing one or more Receivers of any Grantor or any or all of the Collateral with such rights, powers and authority (including any or all of the rights, powers and authority of the Collateral Agent under this Agreement) as may be provided for in the instrument of appointment or any supplemental instrument, and remove and replace any such Receiver from time to time (to the extent permitted by applicable law, any Receiver appointed by the Collateral Agent will, for purposes relating to responsibility for the Receiver’s acts or omissions, be considered to be the agent of the applicable Grantors and not of the Collateral Agent or any of the other Secured Parties, or (e) obtain from any court of competent jurisdiction an order for the appointment of a Receiver of any Grantor or of any or all of the Collateral.
The Collateral Agent shall give the applicable Grantors 10 days’ prior written notice (which each Grantor agrees is reasonable notice) or such longer period as may be required by applicable law of the Collateral Agent’s intention to make any sale of Collateral. Such notice, in the case of a public sale, shall state the time and place for such sale and, in the case of a sale at a broker’s board or on a securities exchange, shall state the board or exchange at which such sale is to be made and the day on which the Collateral, or portion thereof, will first be offered for sale at such board or exchange. Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at such place or places as the Collateral Agent may fix and state in the notice (if any) of such sale. At any such sale, the Collateral, or portion thereof, to be sold may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as the Collateral Agent may (in its sole and absolute discretion) determine. The Collateral Agent shall not be obligated to make any sale of any Collateral if it shall determine not to do so, regardless of the fact that notice of sale of such Collateral shall have been given. The Collateral Agent may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale



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or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which the same was so adjourned. In case any sale of all or any part of the Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by the Collateral Agent until the sale price is paid by the purchaser or purchasers thereof, but the Collateral Agent shall not incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to take up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. At any public (or, to the extent permitted by law, private) sale made pursuant to this Agreement, any Secured Party may bid for or purchase, free (to the extent permitted by law) from any right of redemption, stay, valuation or appraisal on the part of any Grantor (all said rights being also hereby waived and released to the extent permitted by law), the Collateral or any part thereof offered for sale and may make payment on account thereof by using any claim then due and payable to such Secured Party from any Grantor as a credit against the purchase price, and such Secured Party may, upon compliance with the terms of sale, hold, retain and dispose of such property without further accountability to any Grantor therefor. For purposes hereof, a written agreement to purchase the Collateral or any portion thereof shall be treated as a sale thereof; the Collateral Agent shall be free to carry out such sale pursuant to such agreement and no Grantor shall be entitled to the return of the Collateral or any portion thereof subject thereto, notwithstanding the fact that after the Collateral Agent shall have entered into such an agreement all Events of Default shall have been remedied and the Canadian Secured Obligations paid in full. As an alternative to exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon it, and without limiting its other rights hereunder, the Collateral Agent may proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose this Agreement and to sell the Collateral or any portion thereof pursuant to a judgment or decree of a court or courts having competent jurisdiction or pursuant to a proceeding by a court appointed Receiver. Any sale pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.01 shall be deemed to conform to commercially reasonable standards.
The Collateral Agent may exercise any or all of the foregoing rights and remedies without demand of performance or other demand, presentment, protest, advertisement or notice of any kind (except as required by applicable law) to or on any Grantor or any other Person, and the Grantors hereby waive each such demand, presentment, protest, advertisement and notice to the extent permitted by applicable law. None of the above rights or remedies will be exclusive of or dependent on or merge in any other right or remedy, and one or more of such rights and remedies may be exercised independently or in combination from time to time. The Grantors acknowledge and agree that any action taken by the Collateral Agent hereunder following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default shall not be rendered invalid or ineffective as a result of the curing of the Event of Default on which such action was based.
Section 5.02.      Application of Proceeds . The Collateral Agent shall apply the proceeds of any collection or sale of Collateral, including any Collateral consisting of cash, and the amounts paid or caused to be paid by any Guarantor in accordance with Article 2, as follows:
FIRST, to the payment of all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by the Collateral Agent in connection with such collection or sale or otherwise in connection with this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any of the Canadian Secured Obligations, including all court costs and the reasonable fees and expenses of its agents and legal counsel, the repayment of all advances made



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by the Collateral Agent hereunder or under any other Loan Document on behalf of any Grantor and any other costs or expenses incurred in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under any other Loan Document;
SECOND, to the payment in full of the Canadian Secured Obligations (the amounts so applied to be distributed among the Secured Parties in accordance with Section 11.02 of the Credit Agreement); and
THIRD, to the Grantors, their successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct.
The Collateral Agent shall have absolute discretion as to the time of application of any such proceeds, moneys or balances in accordance with this Agreement. Upon any sale of Collateral by the Collateral Agent (including pursuant to a power of sale granted by statute or under a judicial proceeding), the receipt by the Collateral Agent of the proceeds of any sale shall be a sufficient discharge to the purchaser or purchasers of the Collateral so sold and such purchaser or purchasers shall not be obligated to see to the application of any part of the purchase money paid over to the Collateral Agent or such officer or be answerable in any way for the misapplication thereof. It is understood that the Grantors shall remain jointly and severally liable to the extent of any deficiency between the amount of the proceeds of the Collateral and the aggregate amount of the Canadian Secured Obligations.
Section 5.03.      Grant of License to Use Intellectual Property . For the purpose of enabling the Collateral Agent to exercise rights and remedies under this Agreement at such time as the Collateral Agent shall be lawfully entitled to exercise such rights and remedies, each Grantor hereby grants to the Collateral Agent an irrevocable, nonexclusive license (exercisable without payment of royalty or other compensation to the Grantors) to use, license or sublicense any Intellectual Property now owned or hereafter acquired by such Grantor, and wherever the same may be located, and including in such license reasonable access to all media in which any of the licensed items may be recorded or stored and to all computer software and programs used for the compilation or printout thereof. The use of such license by the Collateral Agent may only be exercised, at the option of the Collateral Agent, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default after written notice is given to Resolute of the Collateral Agent’s election to exercise such license; provided that any license, sublicense or other transaction entered into by the Collateral Agent in accordance herewith shall be binding upon the Grantors notwithstanding any subsequent cure of an Event of Default. In operating under the license granted by each Grantor pursuant to this Section 5.03, the Collateral Agent agrees that the goods sold and services rendered under any Trademarks shall be of a nature and quality substantially consistent with those theretofore offered under such Trademarks by such Grantor and such Grantor shall have the right to inspect during the term of such license, at any reasonable time or times upon reasonable notice to the Collateral Agent, and at such Grantor’s own cost and expense, representative samples of goods sold and services rendered under such Trademarks.
Section 5.04.      Securities Laws . In view of the position of the Grantors in relation to the Investment Property charged hereunder, or because of other current or future circumstances, a question may arise under applicable securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act (Ontario)



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(such Act and any similar statute as from time to time in effect being called the “ Securities Laws ”)) with respect to any disposition of the Investment Property permitted hereunder. Each Grantor understands that compliance with the Securities Laws might very strictly limit the course of conduct of the Collateral Agent if the Collateral Agent were to attempt to dispose of all or any part of the Investment Property charged hereunder, and might also limit the extent to which or the manner in which any subsequent transferee of any Investment Property could dispose of the same. Each Grantor recognizes that in light of such restrictions and limitations the Collateral Agent may, with respect to any sale of the Investment Property charged hereunder, limit the purchasers to those who will agree, among other things, to acquire such Investment Property for their own account, for investment, and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that in light of such restrictions and limitations, the Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion (a) may proceed to make such a sale whether or not a prospectus shall have been filed under the Securities Laws and (b) may approach and negotiate with a single potential purchaser to effect such sale. Each Grantor acknowledges and agrees that any such sale might result in prices and other terms less favourable to the seller than if such sale were a public sale without such restrictions. In the event of any such sale, the Collateral Agent shall incur no responsibility or liability for selling all or any part of the Investment Property at a price that the Collateral Agent, in its sole and absolute discretion, may in good faith deem reasonable under the circumstances, notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized if the sale were deferred until after a prospectus has been filed as aforesaid or if more than a single purchaser were approached. The provisions of this Section 5.04 will apply notwithstanding the existence of a public or private market upon which the quotations or sales prices may exceed substantially the price at which the Collateral Agent sells.
Article 6
Indemnity, Subrogation and Subordination
Section 6.01.      Indemnity and Subrogation . In addition to all such rights of indemnity and subrogation as the Guarantors may have under applicable law (but subject to Section 6.03), the Canadian Borrowers agree that (a) in the event a payment of an obligation shall be made by any Guarantor under this Agreement, each Canadian Borrower shall indemnify such Guarantor for the full amount of such payment and such Guarantor shall be subrogated to the rights of the Person to whom such payment shall have been made to the extent of such payment and (b) in the event any assets of any Grantor shall be sold pursuant to this Agreement or any other Security Document to satisfy in whole or in part an obligation owed to any Secured Party, each Canadian Borrower shall indemnify such Grantor in an amount equal to the greater of the book value or the fair market value of the assets so sold.
Section 6.02.      Contribution and Subrogation . Each Guarantor and Grantor (a “ Contributing Party ”) agrees (subject to Section 6.03) that, in the event a payment shall be made by any other Grantor hereunder in respect of any Canadian Secured Obligation or assets of any other Grantor shall be sold pursuant to any Security Document to satisfy any Canadian Secured Obligation owed to any Secured Party and such other Guarantor or Grantor (the “ Claiming Party ”) shall not have been fully indemnified by the applicable Canadian Borrower as provided in Section 6.01, the



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Contributing Party shall indemnify the Claiming Party in an amount equal to the amount of such payment or the greater of the book value or the fair market value of such assets, as the case may be, in each case multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the net worth of the Contributing Party on the date hereof and the denominator shall be the aggregate net worth of all the Guarantors and Grantors on the date hereof (or, in the case of any Guarantor or Grantor becoming a party hereto pursuant to Section 7.14, the date of the supplement hereto executed and delivered by such Guarantor or Grantor). Any Contributing Party making any payment to a Claiming Party pursuant to this Section 6.02 shall be subrogated to the rights of such Claiming Party under Section 6.01 to the extent of such payment.
Section 6.03.      Subordination.
(e)      Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, all rights of the Guarantors and Grantors under Sections 6.01 and 6.02 and all other rights of indemnity, contribution or subrogation under applicable law or otherwise shall be fully subordinated to the indefeasible payment in full in cash of the Canadian Secured Obligations. No failure on the part of any Canadian Borrower or any Guarantor or Grantor to make the payments required by Sections 6.01 and 6.02 (or any other payments required under applicable law or otherwise) shall in any respect limit the obligations and liabilities of any Guarantor or Grantor with respect to its obligations hereunder, and each Guarantor and Grantor shall remain liable for the full amount of the obligations of such Guarantor or Grantor hereunder.
(f)      Each Guarantor and Grantor hereby agrees that all Indebtedness and other monetary obligations owed to it by, or by it to, as the case may be, any other Guarantor, Grantor or any other Canadian Subsidiary shall be fully subordinated to the indefeasible payment in full in cash of the Canadian Secured Obligations.
Article 7
Miscellaneous
Section 7.01.      Notices . All communications and notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given as provided in Section 13.03 of the Credit Agreement. All communications and notices hereunder to any Guarantor (other than Resolute) shall be given to it in care of Resolute as provided in Section 13.03 of the Credit Agreement.
Section 7.02.      Waivers; Amendment .
(g)      No failure or delay by the Collateral Agent or any Lender in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent and the Lenders hereunder and under the other Loan Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any Canadian Loan Party therefrom shall in any event be effective



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unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) below, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the Collateral Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time. No notice or demand on any Canadian Loan Party in any case shall entitle any Canadian Loan Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.
(h)      Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Collateral Agent and the Canadian Loan Party or Canadian Loan Parties with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 13.12 of the Credit Agreement.
Section 7.03.      Collateral Agent’s Fees and Expenses; Indemnification .
(a)      The parties hereto agree that the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to reimbursement of its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred hereunder as provided in Section 13.01 of the Credit Agreement.
(b)      Without limitation of its indemnification obligations under the other Loan Documents, each Grantor and each Guarantor jointly and severally agrees to indemnify the Collateral Agent against, and hold the Collateral Agent harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and related expenses, including reasonable counsel fees, disbursements and other charges, incurred by or asserted against the Collateral Agent arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, or to the Collateral, whether or not any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses have resulted from the gross negligence or wilful misconduct of the Collateral Agent.
(c)      Any such amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional Canadian Secured Obligations secured hereby and by the other Security Documents. The provisions of this Section 7.03 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the repayment of any of the Canadian Secured Obligations, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party. All amounts due under this Section 7.03 shall be payable on written demand therefor.
Section 7.04.      Successors and Assigns . Whenever in this Agreement any of the parties hereto is referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the permitted successors and assigns of such party; and all covenants, promises and agreements by or on behalf of any Guarantor, Grantor or the Collateral Agent that are contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.



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Section 7.05.      Survival of Agreement . All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties in the Loan Documents and in the certificates or other instruments prepared or delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Lenders and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Loan Documents and the making of any Loans, regardless of any investigation made by any Lender or on its behalf and notwithstanding that the Collateral Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any credit is extended under the Credit Agreement, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as the principal of or any accrued interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount payable under any Loan Document is outstanding and unpaid and so long as the Commitments have not expired or terminated.
Section 7.06.      Counterparts; Effectiveness; Several Agreement . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective as to any Canadian Loan Party when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Canadian Loan Party shall have been delivered to the Collateral Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of the Collateral Agent, and thereafter shall be binding upon such Canadian Loan Party and the Collateral Agent and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Canadian Loan Party, the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and their respective successors and assigns, except that no Canadian Loan Party shall have the right to assign or transfer its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein (and any such assignment or transfer shall be void) except as expressly permitted by the Credit Agreement. This Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each Canadian Loan Party and may be amended, modified, supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Canadian Loan Party without the approval of any other Canadian Loan Party and without affecting the obligations of any other Canadian Loan Party hereunder.
Section 7.07.      Severability . Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction. The parties shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.
Section 7.08.      Right of Set-Off . (a) Each Canadian Loan Party expressly agrees to the provisions set forth in 13.02 of the Credit Agreement with the same force and effect as if such provisions were set forth in full herein.
Section 7.09.      Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process .



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(a)      This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, (i) the laws of the State of New York (including Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of Title 14 of the New York General Obligations Law but excluding all other choice of law and conflicts of laws rules thereof) with respect to the guarantees and other matters contemplated by Article 2 and Article 6 hereof, and other provisions hereof as they relate to such guarantees and other matters, and (ii) the laws of the Province of Ontario, and the laws of Canada applicable therein, with respect to Article 3 , Article 4 , and Article 5 , and other provisions hereof as they relate to Collateral.
(b)      Each of the Canadian Loan Parties hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, with respect to the guarantees and other matters contemplated by Article 2 and Article 6 hereof, and other provisions hereof as they relate to such guarantees and other matters, to the jurisdiction of any New York State court or Federal court of the United States of America sitting in New York City, and any appellate court from any thereof, exclusively , in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to such matters and to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Furthermore, each of the Canadian Loan Parties hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, with respect to Article 3 , Article 4 , and Article 5 , and other provisions hereof as they relate to Collateral, to the jurisdiction of any court of the Province of Ontario, and any appellate court thereof, non-exclusively , in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to such matters and to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such Ontario court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such New York or Ontario, as applicable, action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall affect any right that the Collateral Agent or any Lender may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document against any Grantor or Guarantor, or its properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.
(c)      Each of the Canadian Loan Parties hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document in any court referred to in paragraph (b) above. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.
(d)      Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 7.01. Nothing in this Agreement or any other Loan Document will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.



- 28 -


Section 7.10.      Waiver of Jury Trial . EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 7.10.
Section 7.11.      Headings . Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and are not to affect the construction of, or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.
Section 7.12.      Security Interest Absolute . All rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder, the Security Interest, the grant of a security interest in the Pledged Collateral and all obligations of each Grantor and Guarantor hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of the Credit Agreement, any other Loan Document, any agreement with respect to any of the Canadian Secured Obligations or any other agreement or instrument relating to any of the foregoing, (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Canadian Secured Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the Credit Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement or instrument, (c) any exchange, release or non-perfection of any Lien on other collateral, or any release or amendment or waiver of or consent under or departure from any guarantee, securing or guaranteeing all or any of the Canadian Secured Obligations, or (d) any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, any Grantor or Guarantor in respect of the Canadian Secured Obligations or this Agreement.
Section 7.13.      Termination or Release .
(a)      This Agreement, the Guarantees made herein, the Security Interest, the grant of security interest in the Pledged Collateral and all other security interests granted hereby shall terminate upon the payment in full in cash of the Loans and all the other Loan Document Obligations (other than unasserted contingent and indemnification obligations), termination of all Commitments and Incremental Commitments and reduction of all exposure under any letters of credit issued under the Credit Agreement to zero (or the making of other arrangements satisfactory to the issuers thereof).
(b)      A Guarantor shall automatically be released from its obligations hereunder and the Security Interest in the Collateral of such Guarantor shall be automatically released upon the consummation of any transaction permitted by the Credit Agreement as a result of which such Guarantor ceases to be a Subsidiary; provided that the Required Lenders shall have consented to such transaction (to the extent required by the Credit Agreement) and the terms of such consent did not provide otherwise.



- 29 -


(c)      Upon any sale or other transfer by any Grantor of any Collateral that is permitted under the Credit Agreement (other than a sale or other transfer to Resolute or any Subsidiary of Resolute), or upon the effectiveness of any written consent to the release of the security interest granted hereby in any Collateral pursuant to Section 12.10 of the Credit Agreement, the security interest in such Collateral shall be automatically released.
(d)      At any time that a Grantor desires that the Collateral Agent take any action to acknowledge or give effect to any release of a Grantor or Collateral pursuant to the foregoing Section 7.13 (b) or (c), Resolute shall deliver to the Collateral Agent a certificate signed by a principal executive officer of Resolute stating that the release of the respective Grantor or Collateral is permitted pursuant to such Section 7.13 (b) or (c). In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph (a), (b) or (c), the Collateral Agent shall execute and deliver to any Grantor, at such Grantor’s expense, all documents that such Grantor shall reasonably request to evidence such termination or release; provided , however , that (i) the Collateral Agent shall not be required to execute any such document on terms which, in its opinion, would expose it to liability or create any obligation or entail any consequence other than the release of such Liens without recourse or warranty, and (ii) such release shall not in any manner discharge, affect or impair the Canadian Secured Obligations or any Liens upon (or obligations of the Grantors in respect of) all interests in Collateral retained by the Grantors. Any execution and delivery of documents pursuant to this Section 7.13 shall be without recourse to or warranty by the Collateral Agent.
(e)      The Collateral Agent shall have no liability whatsoever to any other Secured Party as the result of any release of any Guarantor or Collateral by it in accordance with (or which the Collateral Agent in good faith believes to be in accordance with) this Section 7.13.
Section 7.14.      Additional Canadian Subsidiaries . Pursuant to Sections 9.09, 10.05(e) and 10.15 of the Credit Agreement, certain Canadian Subsidiaries are required to enter into this Agreement as Grantors and Guarantors. Upon execution and delivery by the Collateral Agent and a Canadian Subsidiary of an instrument in the form of Exhibit A hereto, such Canadian Subsidiary shall become a Grantor and a Guarantor hereunder with the same force and effect as if originally named as a Grantor and a Guarantor herein. The execution and delivery of any such instrument shall not require the consent of any other Canadian Loan Party hereunder. The rights and obligations of each Canadian Loan Party hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of any new Canadian Loan Party as a party to this Agreement.
Section 7.15.      Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact . Each Grantor hereby appoints the Collateral Agent the attorney-in-fact of such Grantor upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, with full power of substitution either in the Collateral Agent’s name or in the name of such Grantor (a) to receive, endorse, assign and/or deliver any and all notes, acceptances, cheques, drafts, money orders or other evidences of payment arising out of the Collateral or any part thereof; (b) to demand, collect, receive payment of, give receipt for and give discharges and releases of all or any of the Collateral; (c) to sign the name of any Grantor on any invoice or bill of lading included in the Collateral; (d) to send verifications of Accounts to any Account Debtor; (e) to commence and prosecute any and all suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction to collect or otherwise realize on all or any of the Collateral or to enforce



- 30 -


any rights in respect of any Collateral; (f) to settle, compromise, compound, adjust or defend any actions, suits or proceedings relating to all or any of the Collateral; (g) to make, settle and adjust claims in respect of Collateral under policies of insurance and to endorse the name of such Grantor on any cheque, draft, instrument or any other item of payment for the proceeds of such policies of insurance and for making all determinations and decisions with respect thereto; (h) to notify, or to require any Grantor to notify, Account Debtors to make payment directly to the Collateral Agent; and (i) to use, sell, assign, transfer, pledge, make any agreement with respect to or otherwise deal with all or any of the Collateral, and to do all other acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, as fully and completely as though the Collateral Agent were the absolute owner of the Collateral for all purposes; provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring or obligating the Collateral Agent to make any commitment or to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by the Collateral Agent, or to present or file any claim or notice, or to take any action with respect to the Collateral or any part thereof or the moneys due or to become due in respect thereof or any property covered thereby. The Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall be accountable only for amounts actually received as a result of the exercise of the powers granted to them herein, and neither they nor their officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible to any Grantor for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for their own gross negligence or wilful misconduct.
Section 7.16.      Recourse . This Agreement is made with full recourse to each Canadian Loan Party and pursuant to and upon all the warranties, representations, covenants and agreements on the part of such Canadian Loan Party contained herein, in the Loan Documents, Secured Hedging Agreements or Secured Cash Management Agreements and otherwise in writing in connection herewith or therewith.
[Signature Page Follows]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

ABITIBIBOWATER CANADA INC.
By:
 
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer




S-1


RESOLUTE FP CANADA INC.
By:
 
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer

BOWATER CANADIAN LIMITED
By:
 
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer

BOWATER LAHAVE CORPORATION
By:
 
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer

FIBREK HOLDING INC.
By:
 
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer




S-2


FIBREK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP acting and represented by FIBREK HOLDING INC.
By:
 
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer

FIBREK INTERNATIONAL INC.
By:
 
 
Name:
Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Title:
Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer




S-3



CITIBANK, N.A., as Collateral Agent,
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 





S-1

Schedule 1 to
the Canadian Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
CORPORATE NAME CHANGES, ETC.

None.





S-1

Schedule 2 to
the Canadian Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement

Pledged Debt Securities

None.






S-1


Exhibit A to the
Canadian Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
SUPPLEMENT NO. __ dated as of [ ], to the Amended and Restated Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement dated as of February 25, 2014, by and among the Canadian Guarantors party thereto (the “ Grantors ”) and CITIBANK, N.A. (“ Citibank ”), as Collateral Agent (in such capacity, the “ Collateral Agent ”).
A. Reference is made to the ABL Credit Agreement dated as of December 9, 2010 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 dated as of April 28, 2011, Amendment No. 2 dated as of October 28, 2011, Amendment No. 3 dated as of March 21, 2012, Amendment No. 4 dated as of April 12, 2013 and Amendment No. 5 dated as of May 8, 2013, and as otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”), among Resolute Forest Products Inc. (f/k/a Abitibibowater Inc.) (“ Resolute ”), certain of its Subsidiaries party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Citibank, as Administrative Agent
B. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement and the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement referred to therein.
C. The Grantors have entered into the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make Loans to the Borrowers. Section 7.14 of Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement provides that additional Canadian Subsidiaries of Resolute may become Guarantors under the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement by execution and delivery of an instrument in the form of this Supplement. The undersigned Canadian Subsidiary (the “ New Canadian Subsidiary ”) is executing this Supplement in accordance with the requirements of the Credit Agreement to become a Guarantor under the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make additional Loans to the Canadian Borrowers and as consideration for Loans previously made to the Canadian Borrowers.

Accordingly, the Collateral Agent and the New Canadian Subsidiary agree as follows:
SECTION 1. In accordance with Section 7.14 of the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, the New Canadian Subsidiary by its signature below becomes a Grantor and Guarantor under the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement with the same force and effect as if originally named therein as a Grantor and Guarantor and the New Canadian Subsidiary hereby (a) agrees to all the terms and provisions of the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement applicable to it as a Grantor and Guarantor thereunder and (b) represents and warrants that the representations and warranties made by it as a Grantor and Guarantor thereunder are true and correct on and as of the date hereof. In furtherance of the foregoing, the New Canadian Subsidiary, as security for the payment and performance in full of the Canadian Secured Obligations (as defined in the Credit Agreement), does hereby create and grant to the Collateral Agent, its successors and assigns, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, their successors and assigns, a security interest in and lien on all



- 1 -


of the New Canadian Subsidiary’s right, title and interest in and to the Collateral (as defined in the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement) of the New Canadian Subsidiary. Each reference to a “ Guarantor ” or “ Grantor ” in the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall be deemed to include the New Canadian Subsidiary. The Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
SECTION 2. The New Canadian Subsidiary represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties that this Supplement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by it and constitutes its legal, valid and binding obligation, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and subject to general principles of equity (whether enforcement is sought by a proceeding in equity or at law).
SECTION 3. This Supplement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Supplement shall become effective when the Collateral Agent shall have received a counterpart of this Supplement that bears the signature of the New Canadian Subsidiary and the Collateral Agent has executed a counterpart hereof. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Supplement by facsimile transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Supplement.
SECTION 4. The New Canadian Subsidiary hereby represents and warrants that (a) set forth on Schedule 1 attached hereto is a true and correct schedule as of the date hereof with the true and correct legal name of the New Canadian Subsidiary, its jurisdiction of formation and the location of its chief executive office. The New Canadian Subsidiary shall deliver to the Collateral Agent a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of the New Canadian Subsidiary setting forth the information (other than that set forth on the Schedule described above) required pursuant to the Canadian Perfection Certificate.
SECTION 5. Except as expressly supplemented hereby, the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 6. THIS SUPPLEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7.09 OF THE CANADIAN GUARANTEE AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT.
SECTION 7. In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Supplement should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein and in the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby (it being understood that the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not in and of itself affect the validity of such provision in any other jurisdiction). The parties hereto shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.



- 2 -


SECTION 8. All communications and notices hereunder shall be in writing and given as provided in Section 7.01 of the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.
SECTION 9. The New Canadian Subsidiary agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with this Supplement, including the reasonable fees, other charges and disbursements of counsel for the Collateral Agent.
[Signature page follows]



S-1


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the New Canadian Subsidiary and the Collateral Agent have duly executed this Supplement to the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
[NAME OF NEW CANADIAN SUBSIDIARY],
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 

CITIBANK, N.A., as Collateral Agent,
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 








Schedule 1
to Supplement No.__ to the
Canadian Guarantee and
Collateral Agreement
NEW CANADIAN SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
Name
 
Jurisdiction of Formation
 
Chief Executive Office
 
 
 
 
 


PLEDGED DEBT SECURITIES
Holder
 
Issuer
 
Principal Amount
 
Date of Note
 
Maturity Date
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 









EXHIBIT D

FORM OF HYPOTHEC








SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL DEED OF HYPOTHEC
ON THE


BEFORE Mtre. Shalini Sangani, the undersigned Notary for the Province of Québec, practising at the City of Montréal
APPEARED:
CITIBANK, N.A. , a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States of America, having an office at Citibank, N.A., Global Loans OPS III, 1615 Brett Road, New Castle, Delaware, 19720 (USA), herein acting as “ fondé de pouvoir ” under Article 2692 of the Civil Code of Québec and represented by Viorelia Guzun, its representative, duly authorized for the purposes hereof as she so declares
(hereinafter the “ Attorney ”)
AND:
RESOLUTE FP CANADA INC. / PF RÉSOLU CANADA INC. (a successor to AbiBow and ACI, as described below), a corporation duly amalgamated pursuant to the Canada Business Corporations Act , having its registered office at 111 Duke Street, Suite 5000, Montreal, Province of Quebec, H3C 2M1, herein represented by Jo‑Ann Longworth, its Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer, duly authorized pursuant to a resolution of its shareholders, an original, certified copy or photocopy of which is hereunto annexed after having been acknowledged as true and having been signed by said representative before the undersigned Notary
(hereinafter the “ Issuer ”)
AND:
BOWATER CANADIAN LIMITED / BOWATER CANADIENNE LIMITÉE , a corporation duly continued pursuant to the Canada Business Corporations Act , having its registered office at 1959 Upper Water Street, Suite 1600, Halifax, Province of Nova Scotia, B3J 3N2, herein represented by Jo‑Ann Longworth, its Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer, duly authorized pursuant to a resolution of its sole shareholder, an original, certified copy or photocopy of which is hereunto annexed after having been acknowledged as true and having been signed by said representative before the undersigned Notary
(hereinafter “ BCL ”)
AND:
ABITIBIBOWATER CANADA INC. , a corporation duly incorporated pursuant to the Canada Business Corporations Act , having its registered office at c/o Ogilvy Renault LLP, 200 Bay Street, Royal Bank Plaza, South







Tower, Suite 3800, Toronto, Province of Ontario, M5J 2Z4, herein represented by Jo‑Ann Longworth, its Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer, duly authorized pursuant to a resolution of its sole shareholder, an original, certified copy or photocopy of which is hereunto annexed after having been acknowledged as true and having been signed by said representative before the undersigned Notary
(hereinafter “ ABCI ”)
AND:
BOWATER LAHAVE CORPORATION , a company duly incorporated pursuant to the Companies Act (Nova Scotia), having its registered office at 1959 Upper Water Street, Suite 900, Halifax, Province of Nova Scotia, B3J 3N2, herein acting and represented by Jo‑Ann Longworth, its Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer, duly authorized pursuant to a resolution of its board of directors, an original, certified copy or photocopy of which is hereunto annexed after having been acknowledged as true and having been signed by said representative before the undersigned Notary
(hereinafter “ BLHC ”)
AND:
FIBREK HOLDING INC. / GESTION FIBREK INC. , a corporation duly amalgamated pursuant to the Canada Business Corporations Act (the successor by amalgamation to Fibrek Holding Pre-amalgamation (as defined below) and Fibrek (as defined below)), having its registered office at 111 Duke Street, Suite 5000, Montreal, Province of Québec, H3C 2M1, herein represented by Jo‑Ann Longworth, its Vice‑President and Chief Financial Officer, duly authorized pursuant to a resolution of its board of directors, an original, certified copy or photocopy of which is hereunto annexed after having been acknowledged as true and having been signed by said representative before the undersigned Notary
(hereinafter “ Fibrek Holding ”)
AND:
FIBREK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP / FIBREK S.E.N.C. , a general partnership constituted under the laws of Québec, having its registered office at 111 Duke Street, Suite 5000, Montreal, Province of Québec, H3C 2M1, herein acting and represented by FIBREK HOLDING INC. / GESTION FIBREK INC. , its managing partner, itself herein acting represented by Jo‑Ann Longworth, its Vice‑President and Chief Financial Officer, duly authorized pursuant to a resolution of its board of directors, an original, certified copy or photocopy of which is hereunto annexed after having been acknowledged as true and having been signed by said representative before the undersigned Notary
(hereinafter “ Fibrek Partnership ”)







AND:
FIBREK INTERNATIONAL INC. , a corporation duly incorporated pursuant to the Canada Business Corporations Act , having its registered office at 111 Duke Street, Suite 5000, Montreal, Province of Québec, H3C 2M1, herein represented by Jo‑Ann Longworth, its Vice‑President and Chief Financial Officer, duly authorized pursuant to a resolution of its board of directors, an original, certified copy or photocopy of which is hereunto annexed after having been acknowledged as true and having been signed by said representative before the undersigned Notary
(hereinafter “ Fibrek International ”)

WHICH PARTIES HAVE DECLARED AS FOLLOWS:
WHEREAS on the third (3 rd ) day of December Two Thousand and Ten (2010), Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. (“ ACI ”)(a predecessor of the Issuer), BCL, ABCI and BLHC and the Attorney have entered into the Principal Deed (as hereinafter defined);
WHEREAS on the eighth (8 th ) day of December Two Thousand and Ten (2010), ACI continued as a limited liability company under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) and on the ninth (9 th ) day of December Two Thousand and Ten (2010) further amalgamated with various entities, with the amalgamated and continuing entity being Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. (“ Continued and Amalgamated ACI ”), a limited liability company under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia);
WHEREAS on the ninth (9 th ) day of December Two Thousand and Ten (2010), immediately after the amalgamation described in the immediately preceding Recital, the Continued and Amalgamated ACI entered into a confirmation agreement in favour of the Attorney pursuant to which the Continued and Amalgamated ACI, amongst other things, confirmed and acknowledged that, as continuing corporation from the foregoing amalgamation, it has succeeded, by operation of law, to all of the business, undertaking, property, assets, rights, entitlements, franchises, licenses and permits of each of the amalgamating entities, including ACI, and further confirmed and agreed that it continues to be bound by the terms and obligations of ACI contained in, existing under or created by the Principal Deed and that the Principal Deed is in all respects ratified, confirmed and remained in full force and effect;
WHEREAS on the tenth (10 th ) day of December Two Thousand and Ten (2010), the Continued and Amalgamated ACI was continued as a corporation under the Canada Business Corporations Act and changed its name to AbiBow Canada Inc. (“ AbiBow ”);
WHEREAS on the tenth (10 th ) day of December Two Thousand and Ten (2010), immediately after the continuation and change of name described in the immediately preceding Recital, AbiBow entered into a confirmation agreement in favour of the Attorney pursuant to which AbiBow, amongst other things, confirmed and acknowledged that, following such continuance, it has succeeded, by operation of law, to all of the business, undertaking, property, assets, rights, entitlements, franchises, licenses and permits of the Continued and Amalgamated ACI, and further confirmed and agreed that it continues to be bound by the terms and obligations of the Continued and Amalgamated ACI







contained in, existing under or created by the Credit Agreement and the Security Documents (as the foregoing two terms are defined in said confirmation agreement of December 10, 2010) and that the Credit Agreement and the Security Documents are in all respects ratified, confirmed and remained in full force and effect;
WHEREAS on the twenty-fourth (24 th ) day of May Two Thousand and Twelve (2012), AbiBow changed its name to Resolute FP Canada Inc. / PF Résolu Canada Inc.;
WHEREAS the Issuer is the successor in rights, title and obligations to ACI and to the Continued and Amalgamated ACI, including in respect of the Principal Deed;
WHEREAS on September 14, 2012 Fibrek Partnership, Fibrek International, Fibrek Inc. (“Fibrek”), Fibrek Holding Inc. (prior to its amalgamation with Fibrek Inc. on January 1, 2013; “Fibrek Holding Pre-amalgamation”), SFK Pulp Trust (“ SFK Trust ”) and SFK Pulp Fund (“ SFK Fund ”) became party to the Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (as defined in the Credit Agreement (as hereinafter defined)) pursuant to which they became Grantors and Guarantors (as such two terms are defined therein) as such is required under the Credit Agreement;
WHEREAS on September 14, 2012 Fibrek Partnership, Fibrek International, Fibrek, Fibrek Holding Pre-amalgamation, SFK Trust and SFK Fund have granted a Hypothec (as defined in the First Supplemental Deed (defined hereafter)) on the Charged Property (as defined in the First Supplemental Deed) in order to secure the Secured Obligations (as defined in the First Supplemental Deed), the whole pursuant to the terms and conditions set out in the First Supplemental Deed;
WHEREAS on December 31, 2012 SFK Trust and SFK Fund have been liquidated into Fibrek Holding Pre-amalgamation and terminated;
WHEREAS on January 1, 2013 Fibrek Holding Pre-amalgamation amalgamated with Fibrek, with Fibrek Holding being the continuing corporation resulting from the foregoing amalgamation and having succeeded, by operation of law, to all of the business, undertaking, property, assets, rights, entitlements, franchises, licenses and permits of Fibrek Holding Pre-Amalgamation and Fibrek, and further being bound by, inter alia, the terms and obligations of, and the hypothecs granted by, Fibrek Holding Pre-Amalgamation and Fibrek pursuant to the First Supplemental Deed;
WHEREAS , in connection with Amendment No. 6 to Credit Agreement and consent and Authorization relating to Security Documents dated as of or about the date hereof among the parties to the Credit Agreement, the Attorney, the Original Grantors (as hereinafter defined) and the Fibrek Grantors (as hereafter defined), have agreed to amend the Principal Deed and the First Supplemental Deed on the terms and conditions set forth in this Second Supplemental Deed (as hereafter defined);
WHEREAS the execution of this Second Supplemental Deed has been duly authorized by each Fibrek Grantor and each Original Grantor; and
WHEREAS the foregoing recitals are made as representations and warranties and statements of fact by each Fibrek Grantor and each Original Grantor and not the Attorney.
NOW, THEREFORE, THE PARTIES HERETO HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:







1.
INTERPRETATION
1.1
Definitions
The following terms, wherever used in this Second Supplemental Deed, shall, unless there be something in the context inconsistent therewith, have the following meanings:
1.1.1
Attorney ” means Citibank, N.A., acting as “ fondé de pouvoir ” for the Bondholders under the Principal Deed, the First Supplemental Deed and this Second Supplemental Deed, and shall include its successors or assigns appointed pursuant to the provisions of the foregoing deeds and under the Credit Agreement;
1.1.2
Business Day ” means a Business Day (as defined in the Credit Agreement) or, for any act to be performed in the Province of Quebec or for calculation of time periods pursuant to applicable Law of the Province of Quebec, means any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, in the Province of Québec on which Canadian chartered banks are generally open for business in the City of Montréal, Province of Québec;
1.1.3
Credit Agreement means the ABL credit agreement dated as of December 9, 2010 among RFP (formerly AbitibiBowater Inc.) and certain of its subsidiaries, that are or may become parties thereto, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties thereto, Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the other parties party thereto, as amended by Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement dated as of April 28, 2011, Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, Amendment No. 1 to Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, and Amendment No. 1 to Canadian Guarantee and Collateral Agreement dated as of October 28, 2011, Consent and Limited Waiver dated December 5, 2011, Amendment No. 3 dated as of March 21, 2012, Amendment No. 4 dated as of April 12, 2013, Amendment No. 5 dated as of May 8, 2013 and Amendment No. 6 to Credit Agreement and Consent and Authorization relating to Security Documents dated as of or about the date hereof, and as same may be further amended, supplemented, restated or replaced from time to time;
1.1.4
Deed ” means the Principal Deed, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Deed and by this Second Supplemental Deed, and as same may be further amended, modified, supplemented, restated, extended, renewed, or superseded from time to time;
1.1.5
Fibrek Grantor ” means each of Fibrek Holding, Fibrek Partnership and Fibrek International and any of their respective permitted successors and assigns, and “ Fibrek Grantors ” is the collective reference thereto;
1.1.6
First Supplemental Deed ” means the First Supplemental Deed of Hypothec entered into on September 14, 2012 among the Original Grantors, Fibrek Partnership, Fibrek International, Fibrek Holding Pre-amalgamation, Fibrek, SFK







Trust and SKF Fund, as grantors, and the Attorney, as holder, before Me Shalini Sangani, Notary, under her minute number 59;
1.1.7
Law ” means all federal, provincial, municipal, foreign and international statutes, acts, codes, ordinances, decrees, treaties, rules, regulations, municipal by-laws, judicial or arbitral or administrative or ministerial or departmental or regulatory judgments, orders, decisions, rulings or awards or any provisions of the foregoing, including general principles of common and civil law and equity, and all policies, practices and guidelines of any Governmental Authority binding on or affecting the Person referred to in the context in which such word is used; and “ Law ” means any one or more of the foregoing;
1.1.8
Original Grantors ” means collectively the Issuer (as successor to ACI and the Continued and Amalgamated ACI), BCL, ABCI and BLHC and any of their respective permitted successors and assigns;
1.1.9
Principal Deed ” means the deed of hypothec and issue of bonds entered into on December 3, 2010 among ACI (a predecessor of the Issuer), BCL, ABCI and BLHC, as grantors, and the Attorney, as holder, before Me Kevin Leonard, Notary, under his minute number 6696;
1.1.10
RFP ” means Resolute Forest Products Inc., a Delaware Corporation (formerly AbitibiBowater Inc.);
1.1.11
This Second Supplemental Deed , these presents , herein , hereby , hereunder , hereof ” and similar expressions refer to this Second Supplemental Deed of Hypothec, and to any deed or document supplemental or complementary hereto or restating this Second Supplemental Deed, and any and all renewals, modifications, amendments, supplements, extensions, consolidations, substitutions and replacements of this instrument.
1.2
Capitalized Terms
All capitalized terms and expressions used but not defined herein shall have the same meaning as that ascribed to them (directly or by reference to other agreements or instruments) in the Principal Deed, except to the extent otherwise provided in or expressly amended by this Second Supplemental Deed or unless there is something in the context inconsistent therewith.
1.3
Preamble
The preamble shall form an integral part of this Second Supplemental Deed as if recited herein at length.
1.4
Gender
Unless there be something in the context inconsistent therewith, words importing the masculine gender shall include the feminine gender and vice versa and words importing the







singular include the plural and vice versa . When used in this Second Supplemental Deed, the word “including” (or includes) means “including (or includes) without limitation”.
1.5
Headings
The division of this Second Supplemental Deed into sections, subsections and paragraphs and the insertion of titles are for convenience of reference only and do not affect the meaning or the interpretation of the present Second Supplemental Deed. Unless otherwise indicated, a reference to a particular Section, subsection or paragraph is a reference to the particular Section, subsection or paragraph in this Second Supplemental Deed.
1.6
Benefits of this Second Supplemental Deed
The parties hereto and the Bondholders shall be bound by the provisions hereof and the benefits, rights, remedies or claims under this Second Supplemental Deed shall enure to them to the exclusion of any others.
1.7
Delays and Calculation of Time Periods
The time periods provided hereunder are calculated simultaneously with the time periods imposed by Law and are not in addition to such time periods. In the calculation of time periods, the first day is not included but the last is. When the date on which a time period expires or a payment has to be made or an act has to be done is not a Business Day, the delay expires or the payment must be made or the act must be done on the next following Business Day, unless the context indicates otherwise.
1.8
Currency
All references to dollar amounts are, unless expressly otherwise provided, expressed in terms of the lawful money of Canada.
1.9
The Principal Deed, the First Supplemental Deed and this Second Supplemental Deed
This Second Supplemental Deed amends and is supplemental to the Principal Deed, as supplemented and amended by the First Supplemental Deed, is to form part of and shall have the same effect as if incorporated in the Principal Deed, as supplemented and amended by the First Supplemental Deed, and the Principal Deed, the First Supplemental Deed and this Second Supplemental Deed shall henceforth be read together and shall have effect so far as practicable as though all the provisions thereof and hereof were contained in one instrument. Except as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified hereunder, the Principal Deed, as supplemented and amended by the First Supplemental Deed shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with their terms. Any reference to the Deed, the Principal Deed or the First Supplemental Deed in the Credit Agreement and in any other Loan Documents (as defined in the Credit Agreement) shall be a reference to the Principal Deed as supplemented and amended by the First Supplemental Deed and this Second Supplemental Deed, and as same may be further supplemented, amended, restated or otherwise modified by any deed or document supplemental or complementary thereto or restating the foregoing deeds.







1.10
Reserve of hypothecs and other security
This Second Supplemental Deed is executed under express reserve by the Attorney of the hypothecs, security interests and assignments granted and of all other rights subsisting in favour of the Attorney under the Principal Deed and the First Supplemental Deed (except to the extent expressly amended by this Second Supplemental Deed), and without novation of any kind or derogation from the provisions thereof or the rank or priority thereof.
2.
CONFIRMATION OF HYPOTHECS, PRINCIPAL DEED ETC.
2.1
Confirmation of hypothecs and other security
Each Original Grantor and each Fibrek Grantor hereby expressly acknowledges and confirms the hypothecs, assignments and other security constituted pursuant to the Principal Deed and the First Supplemental Deed, as applicable, and further confirms and agrees that the Principal Deed and the First Supplemental Deed shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with the terms thereof, except as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified herein.
3.
AMENDMENTS TO THE PRINCIPAL DEED
The Principal Deed is hereby amended as follows:
3.1
Sections 10.1.2, 10.1.4, 10.1.5 and 10.1.6
Sections 10.1.2, 10.1.4, 10.1.5 and 10.1.6 of the Principal Deed are deleted in their entirety.
3.2
Section 10.1.3
Section 10.1.3 of the Principal Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
“10.1.2    of the existence of any hypothec securing Hypothecated Claims with a principal amount in excess of US$10,000,000 each and, in such cases, to provide the Attorney, upon demand, with satisfactory proof that such hypothec has been registered or published in accordance with applicable Law in order for the rights of the Attorney to be set up against third Persons.”.
3.3
Section 10.8
Section 10.8 of the Principal Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.8    Instruments
If any Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any Instruments constituting Charged Property (other than any Instrument with a face amount of less than US$20,000,000, so long as the aggregate principal amount of Instruments under this exclusion does not exceed US$40,000,000), such Grantor shall forthwith endorse, assign and deliver the same to the







Attorney, accompanied by such instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in blank as the Attorney may from time to time reasonably request. For the purposes of this Section 10.8, the term “Instruments” excludes letters of credit which are subject to the provisions of Section 10.11 hereof .”.
3.4
Section 10.9
Section 10.9 of the Principal Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.9    Bank Accounts
For each bank account that any Grantor at any time opens or maintains (other than any Excluded Account, any Specified Collection Account and the CIBC Cash Collateral Account (as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Agreement)), such Grantor shall cause the bank to enter into a Control Agreement with such Grantor and the Attorney. The Attorney agrees with each Grantor that, except with respect to Designated Blocked Accounts (as such capitalized term is defined in the Credit Agreement), the Attorney shall not exercise dominion and control over, or give any instructions or withhold any withdrawal rights from any Grantor, with respect to such accounts or any funds in such accounts, unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.”.
3.5
Section 10.11
Section 10.11 of the Principal Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.11     Letter of Credit Rights
If any Grantor is at any time a beneficiary under a letter of credit included in the Charged Property now or hereafter issued in favour of such Grantor with a face amount greater than US$10,000,000, such Grantor shall promptly notify the Attorney thereof and, at the request and option of the Attorney, such Grantor shall use commercially reasonable efforts to, pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Attorney, either (i) arrange for the issuer and any confirmer of such letter of credit to consent to an assignment to the Attorney of the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit or (ii) arrange for the Attorney to become the transferee beneficiary of the letter of credit, with the Attorney agreeing, in each case, that the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit are to be paid to the applicable Grantor unless an Event of Default has occurred or is continuing.”.
3.6
Section 10.12
Section 10.12 of the Principal Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.12     [Reserved] ”.







3.7
Pledge and hypothec with delivery
For the purposes of Section 7 and the last paragraph of Section 4 of the Principal Deed and notwithstanding the definition of “Pledged Debt Securities” in the Principal Deed, the obligation of each Grantor to deliver Pledged Debt Securities (or Pledged Securities) shall exclude Pledged Debt Securities that evidence Indebtedness owed to any Grantor in a principal amount of less than US$20,000,000, so long as the aggregate principal amount of the Pledged Debt Securities not so pledged under this exclusion does not exceed US$40,000,000.
The Attorney shall return to the relevant Grantor, concurrently with the execution of this Second Supplemental Deed or soon thereafter, any Pledged Debt Security in its possession, if any, which is now excluded from the delivery obligation set forth in Section 7 of the Principal Deed as amended hereby.
4.
AMENDMENTS TO THE FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL DEED
The First Supplemental Deed is hereby amended as follows:
4.1
Sections 10.1.2, 10.1.4, 10.1.5 and 10.1.6
Sections 10.1.2, 10.1.4, 10.1.5 and 10.1.6 of the First Supplemental Deed are deleted in their entirety.
4.2
Section 10.1.3
Section 10.1.3 of the First Supplemental Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
“10.1.2    of the existence of any hypothec securing Hypothecated Claims with a principal amount in excess of US$10,000,000 each and, in such cases, to provide the Attorney, upon demand, with satisfactory proof that such hypothec has been registered or published in accordance with applicable Law in order for the rights of the Attorney to be set up against third Persons.”.
4.3
Section 10.8
Section 10.8 of the First Supplemental Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.8    Instruments
If any Fibrek Grantor shall at any time hold or acquire any Instruments constituting Charged Property (other than any Instrument with a face amount of less than US$20,000,000, so long as the aggregate principal amount of Instruments under this exclusion does not exceed US$40,000,000), such Fibrek Grantor shall forthwith endorse, assign and deliver the same to the Attorney, accompanied by such instruments of transfer or assignment duly executed in







blank as the Attorney may from time to time reasonably request. For the purposes of this Section 10.8, the term “Instruments” excludes letters of credit which are subject to the provisions of Section 10.11 hereof.”.
4.4
Section 10.9
Section 10.9 of the First Supplemental Deed is is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.9    Bank Accounts
For each bank account that any Fibrek Grantor at any time opens or maintains (other than any Excluded Account, any Specified Collection Account and the CIBC Cash Collateral Account (as such capitalized terms are defined in the Credit Agreement)), such Fibrek Grantor shall cause the bank to enter into a Control Agreement with such Fibrek Grantor and the Attorney. The Attorney agrees with each Fibrek Grantor that, except with respect to Designated Blocked Accounts (as such capitalized term is defined in the Credit Agreement), the Attorney shall not exercise dominion and control over, or give any instructions or withhold any withdrawal rights from any Fibrek Grantor, with respect to such accounts or any funds in such accounts, unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.”.
4.5
Section 10.11
Section 10.11 of the First Supplemental Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.11     Letter of Credit Rights
If any Fibrek Grantor is at any time a beneficiary under a letter of credit included in the Charged Property now or hereafter issued in favour of such Fibrek Grantor with a face amount greater than US$10,000,000, such Fibrek Grantor shall promptly notify the Attorney thereof and, at the request and option of the Attorney, such Fibrek Grantor shall use commercially reasonable efforts to, pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Attorney, either (i) arrange for the issuer and any confirmer of such letter of credit to consent to an assignment to the Attorney of the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit or (ii) arrange for the Attorney to become the transferee beneficiary of the letter of credit, with the Attorney agreeing, in each case, that the proceeds of any drawing under the letter of credit are to be paid to the applicable Fibrek Grantor unless an Event of Default has occurred or is continuing.”.
4.6
Section 10.12
Section 10.12 of the First Supplemental Deed is replaced in its entirety with the following Section:
10.12     [Reserved] ”.







4.7
Pledge and hypothec with delivery
For the purposes of Section 7 and the last paragraph of Section 4 of the First Supplemental Deed and notwithstanding the definition of “Pledged Debt Securities” in the First Supplemental Deed, the obligation of each Fibrek Grantor to deliver Pledged Debt Securities (or Pledged Securities) shall exclude Pledged Debt Securities that evidence Indebtedness owed to any Fibrek Grantor in a principal amount of less than US$20,000,000, so long as the aggregate principal amount of the Pledged Debt Securities not so pledged under this exclusion does not exceed US$40,000,000.
The Attorney shall return to the relevant Fibrek Grantor, concurrently with the execution of this Second Supplemental Deed or soon thereafter, any Pledged Debt Security in its possession, if any, which is now excluded from the delivery obligation set forth in Section 7 of the First Supplemental Deed as amended hereby.
5.
GENERAL PROVISIONS
5.1
Further Assurances
Each party to this Second Supplemental Deed shall promptly execute and deliver such further instruments and agreements and do such further acts and things as may be reasonably requested by any other party hereto that may be necessary or desirable in order to give effect to this Second Supplemental Deed.
5.2
Severability
Any provision of this Second Supplemental Deed that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction will, as to that jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability and will be severed from the balance of this Second Supplemental Deed, all without affecting the remaining provisions of this Second Supplemental Deed or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.
6.
AMENDMENTS
No amendment may be made to this Second Supplemental Deed unless signed by the Fibrek Grantors, the Original Grantors and the Attorney acting pursuant to a Bondholder’s Instrument.
7.
GOVERNING LAW
This Second Supplemental Deed shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the Province of Québec and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein.







8.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
The parties hereto confirm that the present Second Supplemental Deed has been drawn up in the English language at their request. Les parties aux présentes confirment que le présent acte a été rédigé en langue anglaise à leur demande .








WHEREOF ACT:
DONE AND PASSED in the City of Montréal, Province of Québec, on the date hereinabove set forth, under number
                                                             
of the original of the minutes of the undersigned Notary.
AND after the parties had declared to have taken cognizance of these presents and to have exempted the said Notary from reading them or causing them to be read, the said duly authorized officers, directors or representatives of each Fibrek Grantor, each Original Grantor and the Attorney respectively have signed these presents, all in the presence of the said Notary who has also signed.
CITIBANK, N.A., as   “fondé de pouvoir”
By: _____________________________
Name: Viorelia Guzun
Title: Authorized representative
RESOLUTE FP CANADA INC. / PF RÉSOLU CANADA INC.
By: _____________________________
Name: Jo‑Ann Longworth
Title: Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
BOWATER CANADIAN LIMITED BOWATER CANADIENNE LIMITÉE
By: _____________________________
Name: Jo‑Ann Longworth
Title: Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
 








ABITIBIBOWATER CANADA INC.
By: _____________________________
Name: Jo‑Ann Longworth
Title: Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
BOWATER LAHAVE CORPORATION
By: _____________________________
Name: Jo‑Ann Longworth
Title: Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer

FIBREK HOLDING INC. / GESTION FIBREK INC.
By: _____________________________
Name: Jo‑Ann Longworth
Title: Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
FIBREK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP / FIBREK S.E.N.C.  by its managing partner FIBREK HOLDING INC. / GESTION FIBREK INC.  
By: _____________________________
Name: Jo‑Ann Longworth
Title: Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer



FIBREK INTERNATIONAL INC.
By: _____________________________
Name: Jo‑Ann Longworth
Title:
  Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
   
Mtre. Shalini Sangani, Notary





EXHIBIT 12.1

RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
(In millions of dollars)
(Unaudited)

 
Years Ended December 31,
 
Successor
Predecessor
 
2013
 
 
2012
 
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
2009
 
 
(Loss) earnings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Loss) earnings before income taxes (a)
$
(115
)
 
$
(72
)
 
$
64

 
$
1,156

 
$
(1,681
)
 
Add: Fixed charges from below
 
57

 
 
72

 
 
100

 
 
489

 
 
606

 
Less: Capitalized interest
 
(2
)
 
 
(2
)
 
 
(1
)
 
 

 
 
(1
)
 
 
$
(60
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
163

 
$
1,645

 
$
(1,076
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed Charges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
$
48

 
$
66

 
$
95

 
$
469

 
$
540

 
Capitalized interest
 
2

 
 
2

 
 
1

 
 

 
 
1

 
Estimate of interest within rental expense
 
4

 
 
4

 
 
4

 
 
6

 
 
8

 
Amortized premium, discounts and deferred financing costs related to indebtedness
 
3

 
 

 
 

 
 
14

 
 
57

 
 
$
57

 
$
72

 
$
100

 
$
489

 
$
606

 
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
 
(b)

 
 
(b)

 
 
1.6x

 
 
3.4x

 
 
(b)

 

(a)  
In accordance with the guidance of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification 250, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections,” certain prior year amounts have been adjusted due to our change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs, as discussed in Note 1, “Organization and Basis of Presentation - Change in accounting policy for planned major maintenance costs,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Resolute Forest Products Inc. included in Resolute Forest Products Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.
(b)  
For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2009, earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges, resulting in a deficiency of $117 million, $74 million and $1,682 million, respectively.



EXHIBIT 21.1

RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.
SUBSIDIARY LISTING
As of December 31, 2013
Name
Jurisdiction of Incorporation
3239432 Nova Scotia Company
Nova Scotia
9192-8515 Québec Inc. (1)
Québec
AbiBow Recycling LLC
Delaware
AbitibiBowater Canada Inc.
Canada
Abitibi Consolidated Europe
Belgium
Abitibi Consolidated Sales LLC
Delaware
Augusta Newsprint Holding LLC
Delaware
Bowater Asia Pte. Ltd.
Singapore
Bowater Canada Finance Corporation
Nova Scotia
Bowater Canadian Holdings Incorporated
Nova Scotia
Bowater Canadian Limited
Canada
Bowater Europe Limited
United Kingdom
Bowater-Korea Ltd.
Korea
Bowater LaHave Corporation
Nova Scotia
Bowater Newsprint South LLC
Delaware
Bowater Nuway Mid-States Inc.
Delaware
Bowater S. America Ltda.
Brazil
Bowater South American Holdings Incorporated
Delaware
Bridgewater Paper Company Limited (2)
United Kingdom
Bridgewater Paper Leasing Ltd.
United Kingdom
Calhoun Newsprint Company (3)
Delaware
Calhoun Note Holdings AT LLC
Delaware
Calhoun Note Holdings TI LLC
Delaware
Donohue Corp.
Delaware
Donohue Malbaie Inc. (4)
Québec
FD Powerco LLC
West Virginia
Fibrek General Partnership
Québec
Fibrek Holding Inc.
Canada
Fibrek International Inc.
Canada
Fibrek Recycling U.S. Inc.
Delaware
Fibrek U.S. Inc.
Delaware
Forest Products Mauricie L.P. (1)
Québec
GLPC Residual Management, LLC
Delaware
The International Bridge and Terminal Company
Canada/Special Act
Lake Superior Forest Products Inc.
Delaware
Resolute FP Augusta LLC
Delaware
Resolute FP Canada Inc.
Canada
Resolute FP US Inc.
Delaware
Rio Merger Sub, Inc.
Delaware
SFK Pulp Finco Inc.
Canada

Note: Except as otherwise indicated, each of the above entities is a wholly-owned direct or indirect subsidiary of Resolute Forest Products Inc. (“RFP”). The names of certain other direct and indirect subsidiaries of RFP have been omitted from the list above because such unnamed subsidiaries in the aggregate as a single subsidiary would not constitute a significant subsidiary.

(1)  
93.2 percent owned.
(2)  
Effective February 2, 2010, Bridgewater Paper Company Limited filed for administration pursuant to U.K. insolvency law. For additional information, see Note 7, “Other (Expense) Income, Net ,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements of RFP included in RFP’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 .
(3)  
On March 11, 2013, we acquired the noncontrolling interest in Calhoun Newsprint Company, which was previously owned 51% by RFP. As a result, Calhoun Newsprint Company became a wholly-owned subsidiary of RFP. For additional information, see Note 7, “Other (Expense) Income, Net ,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements of RFP included in RFP’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 .
(4)  
51 percent owned.



EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-171602, No. 333-173361 and No. 333-173362) of Resolute Forest Products Inc. of our report dated March 3, 2014 relating to the consolidated financial statements, financial statement schedule and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Resolute Forest Products Inc. which appears in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K.  





/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (1)  
Montréal, Québec, Canada
March 3, 2014
(1) CPA auditor, CA, public accountancy permit No.A113048









EXHIBIT 24.1
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS
WHEREAS , RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes shortly to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Act”), the Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Act.
WHEREAS , each of the undersigned is a Director of the Company.
NOW, THEREFORE , each of the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints Richard Garneau, Jo-Ann Longworth and Jacques P. Vachon and each of them, as true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them with full power to act without the others, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign said Annual Report and any and all amendments thereto, and any and all other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform any and all acts and things requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , each of the undersigned has hereunto set his or her hand this 26th  day of February 2014.
/s/ Bradley P. Martin
 
/s/ Jeffrey A. Hearn
Bradley P. Martin
Chairman of the Board
 
Jeffrey A. Hearn
Director
 
 
 
/s/ Michel P. Desbiens
 
/s/ Alain Rhéaume
Michel P. Desbiens
Director
 
Alain Rhéaume
Director
 
 
 
/s/ Jennifer C. Dolan
 
/s/ Michael S. Rousseau
Jennifer C. Dolan
Director
 
Michael S. Rousseau
Director
 
 
 
/s/ Richard D. Falconer
 
/s/ David H. Wilkins
Richard D. Falconer
Director
 
David H. Wilkins
Director




EXHIBIT 31.1
Certification
I,     Richard Garneau, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 of RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 3, 2014
 
/s/ Richard Garneau
 
Richard Garneau
President and Chief Executive Officer
 







EXHIBIT 31.2
Certification
I,     Jo-Ann Longworth, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 of RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 3, 2014
 
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
Jo-Ann Longworth
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 







EXHIBIT 32.1
Certification
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. (the “Company”), hereby certifies, to such officer’s knowledge, that the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
March 3, 2014
 
/s/ Richard Garneau
 
 
Name: Richard Garneau
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided to Resolute Forest Products Inc. and will be retained by Resolute Forest Products Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.





EXHIBIT 32.2
Certification
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of RESOLUTE FOREST PRODUCTS INC. (the “Company”), hereby certifies, to such officer’s knowledge, that the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
March 3, 2014
 
/s/ Jo-Ann Longworth
 
 
Name: Jo-Ann Longworth
Title: Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided to Resolute Forest Products Inc. and will be retained by Resolute Forest Products Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.