ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

  

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Company Description

Erin Energy Corporation (NYSE American: ERN; JSE: ERN) (the "Company") is an independent oil and gas exploration and production company engaged in the acquisition and development of energy resources in Africa. The Company’s asset portfolio consists of five licenses across three countries covering an area of approximately 1.5 million acres (approximately 6,000 square kilometers). The Company owns producing properties and conducts exploration activities offshore Nigeria, and conducts exploration activities offshore Ghana and The Gambia.

The Company is headquartered in Houston, Texas and has offices in Lagos, Nigeria, Nairobi, Kenya, Banjul, The Gambia, and Accra, Ghana.

The Company’s operating subsidiaries include Erin Petroleum Nigeria Limited (“EPNL”), Erin Energy Kenya Limited ("EEKL"), Erin Energy Gambia Ltd., and Erin Energy Ghana Limited. The terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company,” and “our Company” refer to Erin Energy Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

On February 16, 2017, Babatunde (Segun) Omidele informed the Company that he would resign from service as a member of the Board of Directors ("the Board") and as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The Board accepted his resignation effective as of February 22, 2017. The Board appointed Jean-Michel Malek, the Company’s Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, to serve as Interim Chief Executive Officer effective February 22, 2017 while the Board conducted a search for a permanent replacement for Mr. Omidele. Effective on May 18, 2017, the Board appointed Sakiru Adefemi (Femi) Ayoade as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer to replace the then Interim Chief Executive Officer, Jean-Michel Malek.

Changes in Control during 2017

The Company was advised by Oltasho Nigeria Limited (“Oltasho”) and Latmol Investment Limited (“Latmol”) that on (a) April 3, 2017, an aggregate of 116,108,833 shares of the Company’s common stock previously held by Allied Energy Plc. (“Allied”), were transferred to Oltasho; and (b) April 13, 2017, an aggregate of 1,515,927 shares of the Company’s common stock previously held by CAMAC Int’l (Nigeria) Ltd. (“CAMAC International”), were transferred to Latmol. Prior to April 2017, the shares of common stock previously held by Allied and CAMAC International were beneficially owned by Dr. Kase Lawal, the Company’s former Chairman and former Chief Executive Officer, due to his ownership of equity interests in such entities and voting and dispositive control over the securities held by such entities.

The shares transferred to Oltasho and Latmol represented approximately 54.6% of the Company’s outstanding voting shares ( 53.9% owned by Allied and 0.7% owned by CAMAC International) as of the dates of transfer and as such, represented a change in control of the Company. The Company has been advised that the shares held by Oltasho are beneficially owned by Alhaji Murhi Busari, its Chairman, and the shares held by Latmol are beneficially owned by Alhaji Murhi Busari, its Chairman.

On July 5, 2017, Oltasho and Latmol entered into a Voting Agreement with Dr. Lawal (the “Voting Agreement”) resulting in another change in control of the Company. Pursuant to the Voting Agreement, Oltasho and Latmol provided complete authority to Dr. Lawal to vote the 117,624,760 shares foreclosed upon (and any other securities of the Company obtained by Oltasho and/or Latmol in the future) at any and all meetings of stockholders of the Company and via any written consents. Those 117,624,760 shares represent approximately 54.6% of the Company’s common stock as of the parties’ entry into the Voting Agreement. The Voting Agreement has a term of approximately 10 years , through July 31, 2027, but can be terminated at any time with the mutual consent of the parties. In connection with their entry into the Voting Agreement, Oltasho and Latmol each provided Dr. Lawal an irrevocable voting proxy to vote the shares covered by the Voting Agreement. Additionally, during the term of such agreement, Oltasho and Latmol agreed not to transfer the shares covered by the Voting Agreement except pursuant to certain limited exceptions. According to the Voting Agreement, Oltasho and Latmol have no desire to control the Company and believe that voting control of the Company was best determined by Dr. Lawal, a United States resident, who has extensive knowledge of United States laws and the assets and operations of the Company, as Dr. Lawal was, until he retired in 2015, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Due to the Voting Agreement, Dr. Lawal will continue to hold voting control over the Company.

The Company conducts certain business transactions with CAMAC Energy Holdings Limited (“CEHL”), and its affiliates, which include Allied, which are entities controlled by Dr. Lawal. These entities are deemed to be related parties for financial reporting purposes. See Note 8 - Related Party Transactions for further information.

2. Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Standards

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned direct and indirect subsidiaries, and have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and results of operations for the indicated periods. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. This Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 , filed with the SEC on March 16, 2017.

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates based on certain assumptions. Estimates affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses attributable to the reporting periods. Accordingly, accounting estimates in conformity with U.S. GAAP require the exercise of judgment. These estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements are based on information available as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, and while management believes that the estimates and assumptions are appropriate, actual results could differ from management's estimates.

 

Estimates that may have a significant effect on the Company’s financial position and results from operations include share-based compensation assumptions, oil and natural gas reserve quantities, impairments, depletion and amortization relating to oil and natural gas properties, asset retirement obligation assumptions, calculations related to derivative liabilities, and income taxes. The accounting estimates used in the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements may change as new events occur, more experience is acquired, additional information is obtained and our operating environment changes.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of cash deposits that are contractually restricted for withdrawal or required to be maintained in a reserve bank account for a specific period of time, as provided for under certain agreements with third parties.

Restricted cash as of September 30, 2017 totaling $13.8 million consists of $2.6 million held in a debt service reserve account to secure certain interest and principal repayments pursuant to the Term Loan Facility in Nigeria and $11.2 million held in a debt service reserve account as required under the MCB Finance Facility (see Note 7 - Debt for further information and definitions of the Term Loan Facility and MCB Finance Facility). Restricted cash as of December 31, 2016 consists of $2.6 million held in a debt service reserve account to secure certain interest and principal repayments pursuant to the Term Loan Facility in Nigeria.

Successful Efforts Method of Accounting for Oil and Gas Activities

The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for its costs of acquisition, exploration and development of oil and gas properties. Under this method, oil and gas lease acquisition costs and intangible drilling costs associated with exploration efforts that result in the discovery of proved reserves and costs associated with development drilling, whether or not successful, are capitalized when incurred. Drilling costs of exploratory wells are capitalized pending determination that proved reserves have been found. If the determination is dependent upon the results of planned additional wells and require additional capital expenditures to develop the reserves, the drilling costs will be capitalized as long as sufficient reserves have been found to justify completion of the exploratory well as a producing well, and additional wells are underway or firmly planned to complete the evaluation of the well. Exploratory wells not meeting the criteria for continued capitalization are expensed when such a determination is made. Other exploration costs are expensed as incurred.

Capitalized Interest

The Company capitalizes interest costs for qualifying oil and gas properties. The capitalization period begins when expenditures are incurred on qualified properties, activities begin which are necessary to prepare the property for production, and interest costs have been incurred. The capitalization period continues as long as these events occur. Capitalized interest is added to the cost of the underlying assets and is depleted using the unit-of-production method in the same manner as the underlying assets.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 , the Company capitalized $2.2 million and nil , respectively, of interest

costs as additions to property, plant and equipment.

Treasury Stock

Treasury stock is reported at cost and is included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Pursuant to the Company’s withholding tax policy with respect to vested restricted stock awards, the Company may withhold, on a cashless basis, a number of shares needed to settle statutory withholding tax requirements. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 , 204,549 shares were withheld for payroll taxes at a total cost of $0.7 million . During the nine months ended September 30, 2016 , 90,347 shares were withheld for payroll taxes at a total cost of $0.2 million .

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the withholding and related repurchases of our common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 .

Net Loss Per Common Share

Basic net earnings or loss per common share is computed by dividing net earnings or loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding at the end of the reporting period. Diluted net earnings or loss per share is computed by dividing net earnings or loss by the fully dilutive common stock equivalent, which consists of shares outstanding, augmented by potentially dilutive shares issuable upon the exercise of the Company's stock options, stock warrants, non-vested restricted stock awards, as well as the conversions of the 2011 Promissory Note, the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note and the 2016 Promissory Note (collectively, the "Convertible Notes", each defined and described in greater detail under Note 7 - Debt ), calculated using the treasury stock method.

The table below sets forth the number of stock options, stock warrants, non-vested restricted stock, and shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes that were excluded from dilutive shares outstanding during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 , respectively, as these securities are anti-dilutive because the Company was in a loss position during each period.

Upon the occurrence of certain events, the Company is also contingently liable to make additional payments to Allied, under a Transfer Agreement entered into in November 2013 by the Company, its affiliates and Allied (the “Transfer Agreement”), up to an additional amount totaling $50.0 million in cash, or the equivalent in shares of the Company’s common stock, at Allied’s option. See Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies for further information.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the amount at which an asset (or liability) could be bought (or incurred) or sold (or settled) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The established framework for measuring fair value establishes

a fair value hierarchy based on the quality of inputs used to measure fair value, and includes certain disclosure requirements. Fair value estimates are based on either (i) actual market data or (ii) assumptions that other market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including estimates of risk.

There are three levels of valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy categorizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three different levels depending on the observability of the inputs employed in the measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:

The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The Company uses discounted cash flow techniques to determine the estimated fair value of its oil and gas properties as part of the Company's analysis for impairment. Accordingly, the Company estimated the present value of expected future net cash flows from the Oyo field, discounted using risk-adjusted cost of capital. Significant Level 3 assumptions used in the calculation include the Company's estimate of future crude oil prices, production costs, development costs, and anticipated production of proved reserves, as well as appropriate risk-adjusted probable and possible reserves.

As discussed under Note 7 - Debt, the Company recognized a derivative liability relating to the portion of the amount drawn from the MCB Financing Facility as of September 30, 2017 in which issuance of stock warrants is expected on the day the Company receives funds under the MCB Finance Facility. The Company utilized a combination of a lattice-binomial option-pricing model and the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the estimated fair value of this derivative liability.

The following table sets forth the Company’s oil and gas properties and derivative liability that is accounted for at fair value using Level 3 assumptions on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 :

The fair value of the derivative liability is estimated using a combination of a lattice-binomial option-pricing model and the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions as of September 30, 2017 :

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of changes in the fair value of the Company's financial liability that is accounted for at fair value using Level 3 inputs, and is classified as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy:

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, inventory, deposits, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and debts at floating interest rates, approximate their fair values at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively, principally due to the short-term nature, maturities or nature of interest rates of the above listed items.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 is aimed at making leasing activities more transparent and comparable, and requires substantially all leases be recognized by lessees on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Company in the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. The Company is still evaluating the impact of this standard. However, due to the nature of its operations, the adoption of this standards update could have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”). This ASU clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with

evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. This guidance is to be applied using a prospective method and is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standards update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment . ASU 2017-04 eliminates step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity no longer will determine goodwill impairment by calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual reporting periods and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The adoption of this standards update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income-Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets. This ASU clarifies the scope and application of ASC 610-20 on the sale or transfer of nonfinancial assets and in substance nonfinancial assets to noncustomers, including partial sales. The Company is required to adopt this guidance at the same time that it adopts the guidance in ASU 2014-09. The adoption of this standards update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities . This ASU shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to the earliest call date. However, the amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. ASU 2017-08 is effective for the Company in the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standards update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting, which provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. This pronouncement is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standards update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-10, Service Concession Arrangements (Topic 853): Determining the Customer of the Operation Services . ASU No. 2017-10 provides clarity on determining the customer in a service concession arrangement. ASU No. 2017-10 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and the Company will adopt this standards update, as required, beginning with the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of this standards update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features . ASU No. 2017-11 amendments simplify the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. The amendments require companies to disregard the down round feature when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of determining liability or equity classification. Companies that provide earnings per share (EPS) data will adjust their basic EPS calculation for the effect of the feature when triggered (i.e., when the exercise price of the related equity-linked financial instrument is adjusted downward because of the down round feature) and will also recognize the effect of the trigger within equity. ASU No. 2017-11 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and the Company will adopt this standards update, as required, beginning with the first quarter of 2019. The adoption of this standard update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities . ASU No. 2017-12 amends and better aligns an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. To meet that objective, the amendments expand and refine hedge accounting for both non-financial and financial risk components and align the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. ASU No. 2017-12 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December

15, 2018, and the Company will adopt this standards update, as required, beginning with the first quarter of 2019. The adoption of this standard update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3. Liquidity Matters and Going Concern

The Company incurred losses from operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 . As of September 30, 2017 , the Company's total current liabilities of  $366.2 million  exceeded its total current assets of  $55.4 million , resulting in a working capital deficit of $310.8 million . As a result of the current low commodity prices, the Company has not been able to generate sufficient cash from operations to satisfy certain obligations as they became due.

Well Oyo-7 is currently shut-in as a result of an emergency shut-in of the Oyo field production that occurred in early July 2016. This has resulted in a loss of approximately 1,400 barrels of oil per day (BOPD). The Company is currently working on relocating an existing gaslift line to well Oyo-7 to enable continuous gaslift operation to assist in restoring lost production volumes. For cost effectiveness, the relocation of the gaslift line to well Oyo-7 is now planned to be combined with the Oyo-9 subsea equipment installation scheduled for the second half of 2018. During an approximately two (2) week period starting from late June 2017 to early July 2017, the owners of the floating, production, storage, and offloading vessel (“FPSO”) Armada Perdana suspended its operations due to an impasse in contract negotiations that led to a temporary shut-in of the Oyo-8 well during this period. The FPSO operation was fully restored and the production from the Oyo-8 well was re-established on July 6, 2017. Contract negotiations have resumed.

The Company is currently pursuing a number of actions, including (i) obtaining additional funds through public or private financing sources, (ii) restructuring existing debts from lenders, (iii) obtaining forbearance of debt from trade creditors, (iv) reducing ongoing operating costs, (v) minimizing projected capital costs for the remaining 2017 exploration and development campaign, (vi) farming-out a portion of its rights to certain of its oil and gas properties and (vii) exploring potential business combination transactions. There can be no assurances that sufficient liquidity can be raised from one or more of these actions or that these actions can be consummated within the period needed to meet certain obligations.

The Company's consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the assumption that it will continue as a going concern, which assumes the continuity of operations, the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities as they come due in the normal course of business. Although the Company believes that it will be able to generate sufficient liquidity from the measures described above, its current circumstances raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue to operate as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

4. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment were comprised of the following:

All of the Company’s oilfield assets are located offshore Nigeria in the Oil Mining Leases 120 and 121 (the "OMLs"). “Work-in-progress and exploration inventory” includes warehouse inventory items purchased as part of the redevelopment plan of the Oyo field.

The Company’s unevaluated leasehold costs include costs to acquire the rights to the exploration acreage in its various oil and gas properties.

The Gambia Sale Agreement

In March 2017, the Company entered into a sale agreement with FAR Ltd. ("FAR"), an Australian Securities Exchange listed oil and gas company (the "Sale Agreement"), whereby FAR agreed to acquire an 80% interest and operatorship of the Company’s offshore A2 and A5 blocks in The Gambia. The Company will retain a 20% working interest in both blocks.

Under the terms of the Sale Agreement, which was approved by the Government of the Republic of The Gambia in June 2017, upon closing of the transaction, FAR paid the Company the purchase price of $5.2 million and will carry $8.0 million of the Company’s share of costs in a planned exploration well to be drilled in late 2018. In addition, if the Company’s share of the exploration well is less than $8.0 million , the balance is to be paid in cash to the Company. Any amount in excess of the $8.0 million representing the Company’s share of the exploration well will be borne by the Company.

Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties

The Company uses discounted cash flow techniques to determine the estimated fair value of its oil and gas properties as part of the Company's analysis for impairment. Accordingly, the Company estimated the present value of expected future net cash flows from the Oyo field, discounted using risk-adjusted cost of capital. Significant Level 3 assumptions used in the calculation include the Company's estimate of future crude oil prices, production costs, development costs, and anticipated production of proved reserves, as well as appropriate risk-adjusted probable and possible reserves.

In June 2017, the Company concluded that the carrying value of its oilfield assets would not be recoverable under the then current market conditions. Accordingly, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $78.1 million to reduce the carrying value of its oil and gas properties to their estimated fair values. In addition, in June 2017, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $0.6 million to write-off the carrying value of its onshore leases in Kenya.

5. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

 

The table below sets forth a summary of the Company’s accounts payable and accrued liabilities at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 :

6. Asset Retirement Obligations

The Company’s asset retirement obligations primarily represent the estimated fair value of the amounts that will be incurred to plug, abandon and remediate its producing properties at the end of their productive lives. Significant inputs used in determining such obligations include, but are not limited to, estimates of plugging and abandonment costs, estimated future inflation rates and changes in property lives. The inputs used in the fair value determination were based on Level 3 inputs, which were essentially management's assumptions.

On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews the assumptions used to estimate the expected cash flows required to settle the asset retirement obligations, including changes in estimated probabilities, amounts and timing of the settlement of the asset retirement obligations, as well as changes in the legal obligation for each of its properties. Changes in any one or more of these assumptions may cause revisions in the estimated liabilities. The following summarizes changes in the Company’s asset retirement obligations during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 ( in thousands ):

7. Debt

Short-Term Debt:

Short-Term Borrowing - Glencore Advance

In February 2017, the Company received $13.6 million as an advance (the “February Advance”) under a stand-alone spot oil sales contract with Glencore Energy UK Ltd. ("Glencore"). Interest accrued on the February Advance at the rate of LIBOR plus 6.5% . Repayment of the February Advance was made from the February 2017 crude oil lifting.

In September 2017, the Company received $23.5 million as an advance (the “September Advance”) under an exclusive off-take contract with Glencore (the “Off-take Contract”). Interest accrued on the September Advance at the rate of LIBOR plus 6.5% . Repayment of the September Advance was made from the September 2017 crude oil lifting.

Short-Term Debt - Related Party

On September 19, 2017, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary EPNL, borrowed $0.2 million under a short-term loan agreement (the "2017 Short-Term Note") entered into with CAMAC Nigeria Limited, an affiliated company, at the flat interest rate of 5% and matures November 30, 2017.

Long-Term Debt :

Term Loan Facility

In September 2014, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary EPNL, entered into the Term Loan Facility (as amended or modified, the “Term Loan Facility”) with Zenith Bank PLC ("Zenith") for a five -year senior secured term loan providing initial borrowing capacity of up to $100.0 million . Of the total commitment provided, 90.0% of the Term Loan Facility was available in U.S. dollars, while the remaining 10% was available in Nigerian Naira. U.S. dollar borrowings under the Term Loan Facility currently bear interest at the rate of LIBOR plus 9.0% . The obligations under the Term Loan Facility include a legal charge over the OMLs and an assignment of proceeds from oil sales. The obligations of EPNL have been guaranteed by the Company and rank in priority with all its other obligations, subject to the provisions under the Override Deed (defined below). Proceeds from the Term Loan Facility were used for the further expansion and development of the Oyo field offshore Nigeria.

In June 2016, the Term Loan Facility was modified contingent upon the signing of a loan agreement, which was signed in August 2016. The modification put in place a moratorium on principal payments until June 2017 and extended the term of the Term Loan Facility until February 2021. Additionally, it reduced the funding requirement of the debt service reserve account (“DSRA”) to an amount equal to one quarter of interest until the price of oil exceeds $55 per barrel, at which time an amount equal to two quarters of interest will then be required.

Upon executing the Term Loan Facility, the Company paid fees totaling $2.6 million . Upon modification of the Term Loan Facility, additional fees of $1.4 million were incurred. These fees were recorded as debt issuance cost and are being amortized over the life of the Term Loan Facility using the effective interest method. As of September 30, 2017 , $1.7 million of the debt issuance costs remained unamortized.

Under the Term Loan Facility, the following events, among others, constitute events of default: EPNL failing to pay any amounts due within thirty days of the due date; bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation or dissolution of EPNL; a material breach of the Term Loan Facility by EPNL that remains unremedied within thirty days of written notice by EPNL; or a representation or warranty of

EPNL proves to have been incorrect or materially inaccurate when made. Upon any event of default, all outstanding principal and interest under any loans will become immediately due and payable. Further, Zenith has the right to review the terms and conditions of the Term Loan Facility.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 , the Company made payments of $0.4 million and $4.2 million for the principal repayment of the Naira portion of the loan and for the U.S. dollar principal, respectively.

As of September 30, 2017 , the Company recognized an unrealized foreign currency gain of $5.0 million on the Naira portion of the loan, reducing the balance under the Term Loan Facility to $82.3 million , net of debt discount. Of this amount, $59.7 million was classified as long-term and $22.6 million as short-term. Accrued interest for the Term Loan Facility was $2.1 million as of September 30, 2017 .

MCB Finance Facility and Related Agreements

On February 6, 2017, the Company and its subsidiary, EPNL, entered into a Pre-export Finance Facility Agreement (the “MCB Finance Facility”) with The Mauritius Commercial Bank Limited, as mandated lead arranger, agent, security agent, original lender and issuing bank (“MCB”). The MCB Finance Facility provides for a total commitment of $100.0 million and is supported by a guarantee from The Standard Bank of South Africa Limited (“SBSA”), as named guarantor, which guarantee is facilitated by the South African Public Investment Corporation (SOC) Limited ("PIC"), the Company’s second largest shareholder. The PIC guarantee is made with recourse to the Company pursuant to the Company’s entry into the Financing Support Agreement with PIC (the "Financing Support Agreement").

In connection with the MCB Finance Facility, and as a condition precedent to the initial drawdown thereunder, EPNL entered into the Off-take Contract with Glencore dated January 18, 2017 for EPNL’s entire volumes of oil produced from the OMLs located offshore Nigeria. Pursuant to the MCB Finance Facility, EPNL is required to comply with the terms of the Off-take Contract, ensure payments and deliveries of oil and notify MCB of any failures under such contract and ensure that it receives a fair market price for delivered oil.

The MCB Finance Facility is supported by the SBSA guarantee as facilitated by PIC, the assignment of the Off-take Contract and the assignment by way of security of certain accounts, including a debt service reserve account, as set forth in the MCB Finance Facility. EPNL was required to deposit $10.0 million (s ee Note 2 – Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Standards

- Restricted Cash) at the closing of the MCB Finance Facility into the debt service reserve account with MCB and maintain that balance for so long as borrowings are outstanding under the MCB Finance Facility. The aforementioned guarantee and security agreements were entered into by the parties thereto before the initial drawdown on the MCB Finance Facility.

EPNL may make drawdowns under the MCB Finance Facility by way of loans and/or letters of credit until June 30, 2017 after which the remaining balance of MCB's commitment as of that date may be drawn and deposited into a capital expenditure reserve account for payment of invoices expected to be payable within six months after June 30, 2017. Borrowings under the MCB Finance Facility bear interest at the three-month LIBOR plus 6% . Additionally the Company is required to pay an unused commitment fee of 2% per annum. After a grace period that ended on June 30, 2017, the MCB Finance Facility will be repaid over a period starting from June 30, 2017 and ending on December 31, 2019.

The MCB Finance Facility includes customary fees, including a commitment fee, structuring fee, underwriting fee, management fee, fees payable in respect of utilization of the MCB Finance Facility by way of letter of credit and other fees, and subjects EPNL to certain covenants under the terms of the MCB Finance Facility, and is subject to customary events of default.

The Company did not draw down the remaining Available Facility on June 30, 2017 as expected and is currently in discussions with MCB to amend the agreement. The Company is seeking to extend the Availability period, including the Grace Period, as well as a revised repayment schedule.

The Company did not make the principal payment due and a portion of interest due on September 30, 2017. Also, on June 27, 2017, a vendor filed a suit against a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company seeking an amount in excess of $10.0 million (see Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies for further information). These constitute events of default under the MCB Finance Facility. In October 2017, the Company obtained a waiver of default on these events from MCB.

The Company made its initial drawdown under the MCB Finance Facility in March 2017 (the "March 2017 drawdown"). As part of the March 2017 drawdown, the Company incurred debt issuance costs amounting to $8.7 million . As of September 30, 2017 ,

$7.5 million of the debt issuance costs remained unamortized, which is shown as a discount to long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2017 , the amount drawn under the MBC Finance Facility was $63.2 million . Accrued interest and unused commitment fees under the MCB Finance Facility was $1.9 million as of September 30, 2017 .

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company paid $0.1 million for the principal repayment of the MCB Finance Facility.

Under the MCB Finance Facility, the Company is required to maintain specified financial ratios. Maintenance of these financial ratios (the "cover ratios"), including a debt service cover ratio and a life cover ratio, commenced during the quarter after the initial drawdown. As of September 30, 2017, the Company is in compliance with the cover ratios.

Also on February 6, 2017, the Company and PIC also entered into the Financing Support Agreement. Pursuant to the Financing Support Agreement, PIC agrees to apply for, request and authorize SBSA, or any other reputable commercial bank acceptable to MCB, to issue a bank guarantee in favor of MCB in the amount of $100.0 million . The issuance of a guarantee in favor of MCB by SBSA or another reputable commercial bank was a condition precedent to the closing of the MCB Finance Facility.

In consideration for this undertaking, the Company agreed to pay PIC an upfront fee equal to 250 basis points on the guarantee amount and issue to PIC warrants to purchase a number of shares of the Company’s common stock in an amount equal to the guarantee amount multiplied by 20% divided by the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the day that EPNL receives the funds available under the MCB Finance Facility (the "warrants issuance date), with an exercise price equal to such closing market price. The Company recognized a derivative liability for the warrants that are expected to be issued for the portion of the amount drawn under the MCB Finance Facility at September 30, 2017 . S ee Note 2 – Basis of Presentation and Recently Issued Accounting Standards - Fair Value Measurements for further information. The Company also has agreed to indemnify PIC from and against certain claims and losses. The amount of any and all indemnifiable losses suffered by PIC agreed or otherwise required to be paid by the Company will be paid in cash or, at the option of PIC, may be paid in newly issued shares of the Company’s common stock. In March 2017, the Company paid $2.5 million to PIC in fees under the Financing Support Agreement which is recorded as debt issuance costs as discussed above and is being amortized to interest expense over the life of the MCB Financing Facility.

On February 8, 2017, and in connection with the MCB Finance Facility, the Company, EPNL, MCB and Zenith, the Company’s existing secured lender, also entered into an Override Deed (the “Override Deed”). The Override Deed establishes, inter alia, pro-rata rights of MCB and Zenith in respect of the proceeds from the Off-take Contract, governs the mechanics of any enforcement action by the creditors and sets out pro-rata sharing of enforcement proceeds between MCB and Zenith. The Override Deed also grants the necessary consents to EPNL’s entry into the MCB Finance Facility and related documents.

Long-Term Debt – Related Party:

As of September 30, 2017 , the Company’s long-term related party debt was $129.8 million , consisting of $24.9 million owed under a 2011 Promissory Note, $50.0 million owed under a 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note, $48.5 million , net of discount,

owed under a 2015 Convertible Note, and $6.4 million owed under a 2016 Promissory Note.

Allied, a related party, was the holder of each of the 2011 Promissory Note, the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note, and the 2015 Convertible Note (collectively the "Related Party Notes"). During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 , Oltasho became the holder of each of the Related Party Notes. Please also see Note 1 - Company Description for changes in control in the Company which occurred during 2017.

Each of the Related Party Notes contains certain default and cross-default provisions, including failure to pay interest and principal amounts when due and default under other indebtedness. As of September 30, 2017 , the Company was not in compliance with certain default provisions of the Related Party Notes with respect to the payment of quarterly interest. Further, the risk of cross-default exists for each of the Related Party Notes if the holder of the Term Loan Facility exercises its right to terminate the Term Loan Facility and accelerate its maturity. In July 2017, Oltasho agreed to waive through their respective maturity dates its rights under all default provisions of each of the Related Party Notes.

2011 Promissory Note

EPNL, the Company's wholly owned subsidiary, has a $25.0 million borrowing facility under a promissory note (the "2011 Promissory Note"). Interest accrues on the outstanding principal under the 2011 Promissory Note at a rate of the 30 -day LIBOR plus 2%  per annum, payable quarterly. In March 2017, the 2011 Promissory Note became convertible, at the sole option of the holder, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $3.415 per share. In July 2017, the 2011 Promissory Note was amended to extend the maturity date to December 2019. The entire $25.0 million facility amount can be utilized for general corporate purposes. The stock of the Company’s subsidiary that holds the exploration licenses in The Gambia and Kenya were pledged as collateral to secure the 2011 Promissory Note, pursuant to an Equitable Share Mortgage arrangement. As of September 30, 2017 , the outstanding principal and accrued interest under the 2011 Promissory Note were $24.9 million and $2.2 million , respectively.

As referred to above, this Note was transferred to Oltasho during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 .

2014 Convertible Subordinated Note

As partial consideration in connection with the February 2014 acquisition of interests in Oil Mining Leases ("OMLs") located offshore Nigeria from Allied, the Company issued a $50.0 million Convertible Subordinated Note in favor of Allied (the “2014 Convertible Subordinated Note”). Interest on the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note accrues at a rate per annum of one-month LIBOR plus 5% , payable quarterly in cash until the maturity of the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note five years from the acquisition date.

At the election of the holder, the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of $4.2984 per share, subject to anti-dilution adjustments. The 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note is subordinated to the Company’s existing and future senior indebtedness and is subject to acceleration upon an Event of Default (as defined in the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note). The following events, among others, constitute an Event of Default under the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note: the Company failing to pay interest within thirty days of the due date; the Company failing to pay principal when due; bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation or dissolution of the Company; a material breach of the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note by the Company that remains unremedied within ten days of such material breach; or a representation or warranty of the Company proves to have been incorrect or materially inaccurate when made. Upon any event of default, all outstanding principal and interest under any loans will become immediately due and payable. As of September 30, 2017 , the Company owed $10.5 million in accrued interest under the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note.

The Company may, at its option, prepay the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note in whole or in part, at any time, without premium or penalty. Further, the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note is subject to mandatory prepayment upon (i) the Company’s issuance of capital stock or incurrence of indebtedness, the proceeds of which the Company does not apply to repayment of senior indebtedness or (ii) any capital markets debt issuance to the extent the net proceeds of such issuance exceed $250.0 million . The holder may assign all or any part of its rights and obligations under the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note to any person upon written notice to the Company. In July 2017, the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note was amended to extend the maturity date to December 2019. As of September 30, 2017 , the outstanding principal under the 2014 Convertible Subordinated Note was $50.0 million .

As referred to above, this Note was transferred to Oltasho during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 .

2015 Convertible Note

In March 2015, the Company entered into a borrowing facility with Allied in the form of a Convertible Note (the “2015 Convertible Note”), allowing the Company to borrow up to $50.0 million for general corporate purposes. In July 2017, the maturity date of the 2015 Convertible Note was extended to December 2019. Interest accrues at the rate of LIBOR plus 5% , and is payable quarterly. 

The 2015 Convertible Note is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock upon the occurrence and continuation of an event of default, at the sole option of the holder. The number of shares issuable upon conversion is equal to the sum of the principal amount and the accrued and unpaid interest divided by the conversion price, defined as the volume weighted average of the closing sales prices on the NYSE American for a share of common stock for the five complete trading days immediately preceding the conversion date.

As of September 30, 2017 , the Company had borrowed $48.5 million under the note and issued to Allied warrants to purchase approximately 2.7 million shares of the Company’s common stock at prices ranging from $2.00 to $7.85 per share. The total fair market value of the warrants amounting to $5.0 million based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model was recorded as a debt discount, and is being amortized using the effective interest method over the life of the note. As of September 30, 2017 , the debt discount has been fully amortized.

Additional warrants are issuable in connection with future borrowings, with the per share price for those warrants determined based on the market price of the Company’s common stock at the time of such future borrowings. As of September 30, 2017 , the outstanding balance of the 2015 Convertible Note, net of discount, was $48.5 million . Accrued interest on the 2015 Convertible Note was $7.3 million as of September 30, 2017 .

As referred to above, this Note was transferred to Oltasho during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 .

2016 Promissory Note

In March 2016, the Company borrowed $3.0 million under a short-term Promissory Note agreement entered into with an entity related to the Company's then majority shareholder, which accrued interest at a rate of the 30 -day LIBOR plus 7% per annum.

In April 2016, the Company borrowed an additional sum of $1.0 million from the same lender, under another short-term Promissory Note, which also accrued interest at a rate of the 30 -day LIBOR plus 7% per annum.

In May 2016, the Lender of the two Promissory Notes agreed to combine both notes into a $10.0 million borrowing facility (the "2016 Promissory Note"). Interest accrues at a rate of the 30 -day LIBOR plus 7% per annum.

Subsequent to the combination of both notes into the 2016 Promissory Note, the Company had additional drawings under the 2016 Promissory Note totaling $2.4 million .

As of September 30, 2017 , the outstanding balance under the 2016 Promissory Note was $6.4 million . Accrued interest on the 2016 Promissory Note was $0.8 million as of September 30, 2017 . In March 2017, the 2016 Promissory Note became convertible, at the sole option of the holder, into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $3.415 per share. In July 2017, the maturity date of the 2016 Promissory Note was extended to April 2023.

8. Related Party Transactions

Assets and Liabilities

The Company has transactions in the normal course of business with its shareholders, CEHL and their affiliates. Effective April 3, 2017, Oltasho became a majority shareholder of the Company and the holder of the Related Party Notes. The following table sets forth the related party assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 :