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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
  
 
Form 10-Q  
 
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM                      TO                     
Commission File Number: 001-35107
 
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) 
 
Delaware
 
20-8880053
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor
New York, New York 10019
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(212) 515-3200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes    No 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes    No 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
 
 
Accelerated filer
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
 
Smaller reporting company
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes    No 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
 
Trading Symbol(s)
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A shares representing limited liability company interests
 
APO
 
New York Stock Exchange
6.375% Series A Preferred shares
 
APO.PR A
 
New York Stock Exchange
6.375% Series B Preferred shares
 
APO.PR B
 
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
As of August 5, 2019 there were 200,788,068 Class A shares and 1 Class B share outstanding.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
Page
PART I
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1A.
 
 
 
ITEM 2.
 
 
 
ITEM 3.
 
 
 
ITEM 4.
 
 
 
PART II
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.
 
 
 
ITEM 1A.
 
 
 
ITEM 2.
 
 
 
ITEM 3.
 
 
 
ITEM 4.
 
 
 
ITEM 5.
 
 
 
ITEM 6.
 
 
 




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Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly report may contain forward-looking statements that are within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements include, but are not limited to, discussions related to Apollo’s expectations regarding the performance of its business, liquidity and capital resources and the other non-historical statements in the discussion and analysis. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s beliefs, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. When used in this quarterly report, the words “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Although management believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, it can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to have been correct. These statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including risks relating to our dependence on certain key personnel, our ability to raise new credit, private equity, or real assets funds, market conditions generally, our ability to manage our growth, fund performance, changes in our regulatory environment and tax status, the variability of our revenues, net income and cash flow, our use of leverage to finance our businesses and investments by our funds and litigation risks, among others. We believe these factors include but are not limited to those described under the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 1, 2019 (the “2018 Annual Report”) and in this report; as such factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the SEC, which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included in this report and in our other filings. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.
Terms Used in This Report
In this quarterly report, references to “Apollo,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer collectively to Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and its subsidiaries, including the Apollo Operating Group and all of its subsidiaries, or as the context may otherwise require;
“AMH” refers to Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, that is an indirect subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC;
“Apollo funds”, “our funds” and references to the “funds” we manage, refer to the funds (including the parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles of such funds), partnerships, accounts, including strategic investment accounts or “SIAs,” alternative asset companies and other entities for which subsidiaries of the Apollo Operating Group provide investment management or advisory services;
“Apollo Operating Group” refers to (i) the limited partnerships and limited liability companies through which our Managing Partners currently operate our businesses and (ii) one or more limited partnerships or limited liability companies formed for the purpose of, among other activities, holding certain of our gains or losses on our principal investments in the funds, which we refer to as our “principal investments”;
“Assets Under Management”, or “AUM”, refers to the assets of the funds, partnerships and accounts to which we provide investment management, advisory, or certain other investment-related services, including, without limitation, capital that such funds, partnerships and accounts have the right to call from investors pursuant to capital commitments. Our AUM equals the sum of:
(i)
the net asset value, or “NAV,” plus used or available leverage and/or capital commitments, or gross assets plus capital commitments, of the credit funds, partnerships and accounts for which we provide investment management or advisory services, other than certain collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”), collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), and certain permanent capital vehicles, which have a fee-generating basis other than the mark-to-market value of the underlying assets;
(ii)
the fair value of the investments of the private equity and real assets funds, partnerships and accounts we manage or advise plus the capital that such funds, partnerships and accounts are entitled to call from investors pursuant to capital commitments, plus portfolio level financings; for certain permanent capital vehicles in real assets, gross asset value plus available financing capacity;
(iii)
the gross asset value associated with the reinsurance investments of the portfolio company assets we manage or advise; and
(iv)
the fair value of any other assets that we manage or advise for the funds, partnerships and accounts to which we provide investment management, advisory, or certain other

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investment-related services, plus unused credit facilities, including capital commitments to such funds, partnerships and accounts for investments that may require pre-qualification or other conditions before investment plus any other capital commitments to such funds, partnerships and accounts available for investment that are not otherwise included in the clauses above.
Our AUM measure includes Assets Under Management for which we charge either nominal or zero fees. Our AUM measure also includes assets for which we do not have investment discretion, including certain assets for which we earn only investment-related service fees, rather than management or advisory fees. Our definition of AUM is not based on any definition of Assets Under Management contained in our operating agreement or in any of our Apollo fund management agreements. We consider multiple factors for determining what should be included in our definition of AUM. Such factors include but are not limited to (1) our ability to influence the investment decisions for existing and available assets; (2) our ability to generate income from the underlying assets in our funds; and (3) the AUM measures that we use internally or believe are used by other investment managers. Given the differences in the investment strategies and structures among other alternative investment managers, our calculation of AUM may differ from the calculations employed by other investment managers and, as a result, this measure may not be directly comparable to similar measures presented by other investment managers. Our calculation also differs from the manner in which our affiliates registered with the SEC report “Regulatory Assets Under Management” on Form ADV and Form PF in various ways;
“Fee-Generating AUM” consists of assets of the funds, partnerships and accounts to which we provide investment management, advisory, or certain other investment-related services and on which we earn management fees, monitoring fees or other investment-related fees pursuant to management or other fee agreements on a basis that varies among the Apollo funds, partnerships and accounts. Management fees are normally based on “net asset value,” “gross assets,” “adjusted par asset value,” “adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments,” “capital commitments,” “adjusted assets,” “stockholders’ equity,” “invested capital” or “capital contributions,” each as defined in the applicable management agreement. Monitoring fees, also referred to as advisory fees, with respect to the structured portfolio company investments of the funds, partnerships and accounts we manage or advise, are generally based on the total value of such structured portfolio company investments, which normally includes leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered in Fee-Generating AUM;
“Non-Fee-Generating AUM” refers to AUM that does not produce management fees or monitoring fees. This measure generally includes the following:
(i)
fair value above invested capital for those funds that earn management fees based on invested capital;
(ii)
net asset values related to general partner and co-investment interests;
(iii)
unused credit facilities;
(iv)
available commitments on those funds that generate management fees on invested capital;
(v)
structured portfolio company investments that do not generate monitoring fees; and
(vi)
the difference between gross asset and net asset value for those funds that earn management fees based on net asset value.
“Performance Fee-Eligible AUM” refers to the AUM that may eventually produce performance fees. All funds for which we are entitled to receive a performance fee allocation or incentive fee are included in Performance Fee-Eligible AUM, which consists of the following:
(i)
“Performance Fee-Generating AUM”, which refers to invested capital of the funds, partnerships and accounts we manage, advise, or to which we provide certain other investment-related services, that is currently above its hurdle rate or preferred return, and profit of such funds, partnerships and accounts is being allocated to, or earned by, the general partner in accordance with the applicable limited partnership agreements or other governing agreements;
(ii)
“AUM Not Currently Generating Performance Fees”, which refers to invested capital of the funds, partnerships and accounts we manage, advise, or to which we provide certain other investment-related services, that is currently below its hurdle rate or preferred return; and

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(iii)
“Uninvested Performance Fee-Eligible AUM”, which refers to capital of the funds, partnerships and accounts we manage, advise, or to which we provide certain other investment-related services, that is available for investment or reinvestment subject to the provisions of applicable limited partnership agreements or other governing agreements, which capital is not currently part of the NAV or fair value of investments that may eventually produce performance fees allocable to, or earned by, the general partner.
“AUM with Future Management Fee Potential” refers to the committed uninvested capital portion of total AUM not
currently earning management fees. The amount depends on the specific terms and conditions of each fund;
We use AUM as a performance measure of our funds’ investment activities, as well as to monitor fund size in relation to professional resource and infrastructure needs. Non-Fee-Generating AUM includes assets on which we could earn performance fees;
“Advisory” refers to certain assets advised by Apollo Asset Management Europe PC LLP, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Asset Management Europe LLP (collectively, “AAME”). The AAME entities are subsidiaries of Apollo;
“Athene Holding” refers to Athene Holding Ltd. (together with its subsidiaries, “Athene”), a leading retirement services company that issues, reinsures and acquires retirement savings products designed for the increasing number of individuals and institutions seeking to fund retirement needs, and to which Apollo, through its consolidated subsidiary Athene Asset Management LLC (“Athene Asset Management” or “AAM’), provides asset management and advisory services;
“Athora” refers to a strategic platform established to acquire or reinsure blocks of insurance business in the German and broader European life insurance market (collectively, the “Athora Accounts”). The Company, through its consolidated subsidiary, AAME, provides investment advisory services to Athora. Athora Non-Sub-Advised Assets includes the Athora assets which are managed by Apollo but not sub-advised by Apollo nor invested in Apollo funds or investment vehicles. Athora Sub-Advised includes assets which the Company explicitly sub-advises as well as those assets in the Athora Accounts which are invested directly in funds and investment vehicles Apollo manages;
“capital deployed” or “deployment” is the aggregate amount of capital that has been invested during a given period (which may, in certain cases, include leverage) by (i) our commitment based funds and (ii) SIAs that have a defined maturity date;
“Contributing Partners” refer to those of our partners and their related parties (other than our Managing Partners) who indirectly beneficially own (through Holdings) Apollo Operating Group units;
“gross IRR” of a credit fund and the principal finance funds within the real assets segment represents the annualized return of a fund based on the actual timing of all cumulative fund cash flows before management fees, performance fees allocated to the general partner and certain other expenses. Calculations may include certain investors that do not pay fees. The terminal value is the net asset value as of the reporting date. Non-U.S. dollar denominated (“USD”) fund cash flows and residual values are converted to USD using the spot rate as of the reporting date. In addition, gross IRRs at the fund level will differ from those at the individual investor level as a result of, among other factors, timing of investor-level inflows and outflows. Gross IRR does not represent the return to any fund investor;
“gross IRR” of a private equity fund represents the cumulative investment-related cash flows (i) for a given investment for the fund or funds which made such investment, and (ii) for a given fund, in the relevant fund itself (and not any one investor in the fund), in each case, on the basis of the actual timing of investment inflows and outflows (for unrealized investments assuming disposition on June 30, 2019 or other date specified) aggregated on a gross basis quarterly, and the return is annualized and compounded before management fees, performance fees and certain other expenses (including interest incurred by the fund itself) and measures the returns on the fund’s investments as a whole without regard to whether all of the returns would, if distributed, be payable to the fund’s investors. In addition, gross IRRs at the fund level will differ from those at the individual investor level as a result of, among other factors, timing of investor-level inflows and outflows. Gross IRR does not represent the return to any fund investor;
“gross IRR” of a real assets fund excluding the principal finance funds represents the cumulative investment-related cash flows in the fund itself (and not any one investor in the fund), on the basis of the actual timing of cash inflows and outflows (for unrealized investments assuming disposition on June 30, 2019 or other date specified) starting on the date that each investment closes, and the return is annualized and compounded before management fees, performance fees, and certain other expenses (including interest incurred by the fund itself) and measures the returns on the fund’s investments as a whole without regard to whether all of the returns would, if distributed, be payable to the fund’s investors. Non-USD fund cash flows and residual values are converted to USD using the spot rate as of the reporting date. In addition, gross IRRs at the fund level will differ from those at the individual investor level as a result of, among other factors, timing of investor-level inflows and outflows. Gross IRR does not represent the return to any fund investor;

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“gross return” of a credit or real assets fund is the monthly or quarterly time-weighted return that is equal to the percentage change in the value of a fund’s portfolio, adjusted for all contributions and withdrawals (cash flows) before the effects of management fees, incentive fees allocated to the general partner, or other fees and expenses. Returns for credit funds are calculated for all funds and accounts in the respective strategies excluding assets for Athene, Athora and certain other entities where we manage or may manage a significant portion of the total company assets. Returns of CLOs represent the gross returns on assets. Returns over multiple periods are calculated by geometrically linking each period’s return over time;
“Holdings” means AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership through which our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners indirectly beneficially own their interests in the Apollo Operating Group units;
“inflows” represents (i) at the individual segment level, subscriptions, commitments, and other increases in available capital, such as acquisitions or leverage, net of inter-segment transfers, and (ii) on an aggregate basis, the sum of inflows across the credit, private equity and real assets segments;
“Managing Partners” refer to Messrs. Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan collectively and, when used in reference to holdings of interests in Apollo or Holdings, includes certain related parties of such individuals;
“net IRR” of a credit fund and the principal finance funds within the real assets segment represents the annualized return of a fund after management fees, performance fees allocated to the general partner and certain other expenses, calculated on investors that pay such fees. The terminal value is the net asset value as of the reporting date. Non-USD fund cash flows and residual values are converted to USD using the spot rate as of the reporting date. In addition, net IRR at the fund level will differ from that at the individual investor level as a result of, among other factors, timing of investor-level inflows and outflows. Net IRR does not represent the return to any fund investor;
“net IRR” of a private equity fund means the gross IRR applicable to a fund, including returns for related parties which may not pay fees or performance fees, net of management fees, certain expenses (including interest incurred or earned by the fund itself) and realized performance fees all offset to the extent of interest income, and measures returns at the fund level on amounts that, if distributed, would be paid to investors of the fund. The timing of cash flows applicable to investments, management fees and certain expenses, may be adjusted for the usage of a fund’s subscription facility. To the extent that a fund exceeds all requirements detailed within the applicable fund agreement, the estimated unrealized value is adjusted such that a percentage of up to 20.0% of the unrealized gain is allocated to the general partner of such fund, thereby reducing the balance attributable to fund investors. In addition, net IRR at the fund level will differ from that at the individual investor level as a result of, among other factors, timing of investor-level inflows and outflows. Net IRR does not represent the return to any fund investor;
“net IRR” of a real assets fund excluding the principal finance funds represents the cumulative cash flows in the fund (and not any one investor in the fund), on the basis of the actual timing of cash inflows received from and outflows paid to investors of the fund (assuming the ending net asset value as of June 30, 2019 or other date specified is paid to investors), excluding certain non-fee and non-performance fee bearing parties, and the return is annualized and compounded after management fees, performance fees, and certain other expenses (including interest incurred by the fund itself) and measures the returns to investors of the fund as a whole.  Non-USD fund cash flows and residual values are converted to USD using the spot rate as of the reporting date. In addition, net IRR at the fund level will differ from that at the individual investor level as a result of, among other factors, timing of investor-level inflows and outflows. Net IRR does not represent the return to any fund investor;
“net return” of a credit or real assets fund represents the gross return after management fees, performance fees allocated to the general partner, or other fees and expenses. Returns over multiple periods are calculated by geometrically linking each period’s return over time;
“our manager” means AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is controlled by our Managing Partners;
“performance allocations”, “performance fees”, “performance revenues”, “incentive fees” and “incentive income” refer to interests granted to Apollo by an Apollo fund that entitle Apollo to receive allocations, distributions or fees which are based on the performance of such fund or its underlying investments;
“permanent capital vehicles” refers to (a) assets that are owned by or related to Athene or Athora Holding Ltd. (“Athora Holding” and together with its subsidiaries, “Athora”), (b) assets that are owned by or related to MidCap FinCo Designated Activity Company (“MidCap”) and managed by Apollo, (c) assets of publicly traded vehicles managed by Apollo such as Apollo Investment Corporation (“AINV”), Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (“ARI”), Apollo Tactical Income Fund Inc. (“AIF”), and Apollo Senior Floating Rate Fund Inc. (“AFT”), in each case that do not have redemption provisions or a requirement to return capital to investors upon exiting the investments made with such capital, except as required by applicable law and (d) a non-traded business development company from which Apollo earns certain investment-related service fees. The investment management agreements of AINV, AIF and AFT have one year terms, are reviewed annually and remain in effect only if approved by the boards

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of directors of such companies or by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting shares of such companies, including in either case, approval by a majority of the directors who are not “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940. In addition, the investment management agreements of AINV, AIF and AFT may be terminated in certain circumstances upon 60 days’ written notice. The investment management agreement of ARI has a one year term and is reviewed annually by ARI’s board of directors and may be terminated under certain circumstances by an affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of ARI’s independent directors. The investment management or advisory arrangements between each of MidCap and Apollo, Athene and Apollo, and Athora and Apollo, may also be terminated under certain circumstances. The agreement pursuant to which Apollo earns certain investment-related service fees from a non-traded business development company may be terminated under certain limited circumstances;
“private equity fund appreciation (depreciation)” refers to gain (loss) and income for the traditional private equity funds (as defined below), Apollo Natural Resources Partners, L.P. (“ANRP I”), Apollo Natural Resources Partners II, L.P. (“ANRP II”), Apollo Natural Resources Partners III, L.P. (“ANRP III”), Apollo Special Situations Fund, L.P., AION Capital Partners Limited (“AION”) and Apollo Hybrid Value Fund, L.P. (together with its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles, “Hybrid Value Fund”) for the periods presented on a total return basis before giving effect to fees and expenses. The performance percentage is determined by dividing (a) the change in the fair value of investments over the period presented, minus the change in invested capital over the period presented, plus the realized value for the period presented, by (b) the beginning unrealized value for the period presented plus the change in invested capital for the period presented. Returns over multiple periods are calculated by geometrically linking each period’s return over time;
“private equity investments” refer to (i) direct or indirect investments in existing and future private equity funds managed or sponsored by Apollo, (ii) direct or indirect co-investments with existing and future private equity funds managed or sponsored by Apollo, (iii) direct or indirect investments in securities which are not immediately capable of resale in a public market that Apollo identifies but does not pursue through its private equity funds, and (iv) investments of the type described in (i) through (iii) above made by Apollo funds;
“Realized Value” refers to all cash investment proceeds received by the relevant Apollo fund, including interest and dividends, but does not give effect to management fees, expenses, incentive compensation or performance fees to be paid by such Apollo fund;
“Redding Ridge” refers to Redding Ridge Asset Management, LLC and its subsidiaries, which is a standalone, self-managed asset management business established in connection with risk retention rules that manages CLOs and retains the required risk retention interests;
“Remaining Cost” represents the initial investment of the fund in a portfolio investment, reduced for any return of capital distributed to date on such portfolio investment;
“Strategic Investor” refers to the California Public Employees’ Retirement System, or “CalPERS”;
“Total Invested Capital” refers to the aggregate cash invested by the relevant Apollo fund and includes capitalized costs relating to investment activities, if any, but does not give effect to cash pending investment or available for reserves;
“Total Value” represents the sum of the total Realized Value and Unrealized Value of investments;
“traditional private equity funds” refers to Apollo Investment Fund I, L.P. (“Fund I”), AIF II, L.P. (“Fund II”), a mirrored investment account established to mirror Fund I and Fund II for investments in debt securities (“MIA”), Apollo Investment Fund III, L.P. (together with its parallel funds, “Fund III”), Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. (together with its parallel fund, “Fund IV”), Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. (together with its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles, “Fund V”), Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. (together with its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles, “Fund VI”), Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P. (together with its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles, “Fund VII”), Apollo Investment Fund VIII, L.P. (together with its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles, “Fund VIII”) and Apollo Investment Fund IX, L.P. (together with its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles, “Fund IX”);
“Unrealized Value” refers to the fair value consistent with valuations determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), for investments not yet realized and may include payments in kind, accrued interest and dividends receivable, if any, and before the effect of certain taxes.  In addition, amounts include committed and funded amounts for certain investments; and
“Vintage Year” refers to the year in which a fund’s final capital raise occurred, or, for certain funds, the year in which a fund’s investment period commences as per its governing agreements.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.     FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (UNAUDITED)
AS OF JUNE 30, 2019 AND DECEMBER 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
945,725

 
$
609,747

Restricted cash
17,651

 
3,457

U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value
713,061

 
392,932

Investments (includes performance allocations of $1,229,894 and $912,182 as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)
3,219,950

 
2,722,612

Assets of consolidated variable interest entities:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
67,085

 
49,671

Investments, at fair value
1,183,487

 
1,175,677

Other assets
59,131

 
65,543

Incentive fees receivable

 
6,792

Due from related parties
449,167

 
378,108

Deferred tax assets, net
277,037

 
306,094

Other assets
228,321

 
192,169

Lease assets
98,777

 

Goodwill
88,852

 
88,852

Total Assets
$
7,348,244

 
$
5,991,654

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
$
89,776

 
$
70,878

Accrued compensation and benefits
112,792

 
73,583

Deferred revenue
92,274

 
111,097

Due to related parties
401,631

 
425,435

Profit sharing payable
595,954

 
452,141

Debt
2,350,915

 
1,360,448

Liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities:
 
 
 
Debt, at fair value
859,357

 
855,461

Other liabilities
86,712

 
78,977

Other liabilities
112,679

 
111,794

Lease liabilities
105,164

 

Total Liabilities
4,807,254

 
3,539,814

Commitments and Contingencies (see note 15)


 


Shareholders’ Equity:
 
 
 
Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Series A Preferred shares, 11,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018
264,398

 
264,398

Series B Preferred shares, 12,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018
289,815

 
289,815

Class A shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 200,435,587 and 201,400,500 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively

 

Class B shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 1 share issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018

 

Additional paid in capital
1,052,259

 
1,299,418

Accumulated deficit
(222,007
)
 
(473,276
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(5,192
)
 
(4,159
)
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders’ equity
1,379,273

 
1,376,196

Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
280,662

 
271,522

Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group
881,055

 
804,122

Total Shareholders’ Equity
2,540,990

 
2,451,840

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
$
7,348,244

 
$
5,991,654

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
For the Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management fees
$
388,215

 
$
341,626

 
$
768,241

 
$
628,352

Advisory and transaction fees, net
31,124

 
15,440

 
50,693

 
28,991

Investment income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance allocations
176,862

 
129,085

 
428,359

 
4,920

Principal investment income
39,602

 
22,175

 
65,627

 
9,181

Total investment income
216,464

 
151,260

 
493,986

 
14,101

Incentive fees
776

 
14,990

 
1,436

 
18,775

Total Revenues
636,579

 
523,316

 
1,314,356

 
690,219

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salary, bonus and benefits
123,669

 
115,075

 
242,832

 
230,901

Equity-based compensation
44,662

 
37,784

 
89,739

 
73,309

Profit sharing expense
68,278

 
70,545

 
191,725

 
58,268

Total compensation and benefits
236,609

 
223,404

 
524,296

 
362,478

Interest expense
23,302

 
15,162

 
42,410

 
28,959

General, administrative and other
81,839

 
62,517

 
153,501

 
124,194

Placement fees
775

 
311

 
335

 
638

Total Expenses
342,525

 
301,394

 
720,542

 
516,269

Other Income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gains (losses) from investment activities
45,060

 
(67,505
)
 
63,889

 
(134,638
)
Net gains from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities
4,631

 
9,213

 
14,097

 
15,745

Interest income
8,710

 
4,547

 
15,786

 
8,106

Other income (loss), net
6,603

 
(5,443
)
 
6,693

 
(1,197
)
Total Other Income (Loss)
65,004

 
(59,188
)
 
100,465

 
(111,984
)
Income before income tax provision
359,058

 
162,734

 
694,279

 
61,966

Income tax provision
(16,897
)
 
(18,924
)
 
(36,551
)
 
(27,504
)
Net Income
342,161

 
143,810

 
657,728

 
34,462

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
(177,338
)
 
(80,200
)
 
(343,848
)
 
(29,114
)
Net Income Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC
164,823

 
63,610

 
313,880

 
5,348

Net income attributable to Series A Preferred Shareholders
(4,383
)
 
(4,383
)
 
(8,766
)
 
(8,766
)
Net income attributable to Series B Preferred Shareholders
(4,781
)
 
(4,569
)
 
(9,562
)
 
(4,569
)
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC Class A Shareholders
$
155,659

 
$
54,658

 
$
295,552

 
$
(7,987
)
Net Income Per Class A Share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income (Loss) Available to Class A Share – Basic
$
0.75

 
$
0.25

 
$
1.41

 
$
(0.09
)
Net Income (Loss) Available to Class A Share – Diluted
$
0.75

 
$
0.25

 
$
1.41

 
$
(0.09
)
Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares Outstanding – Basic
199,578,950

 
200,711,475

 
200,202,174

 
199,578,334

Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares Outstanding – Diluted
199,578,950

 
200,711,475

 
200,202,174

 
199,578,334


See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
For the Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net Income
$
342,161

 
$
143,810

 
$
657,728

 
$
34,462

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency translation adjustments, net of tax
4,596

 
(17,885
)
 
(2,405
)
 
(12,865
)
Net gain (loss) from change in fair value of cash flow hedge instruments
(1,938
)
 
25

 
(1,912
)
 
52

Net gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities
312

 
(196
)
 
230

 
(237
)
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax
2,970

 
(18,056
)
 
(4,087
)
 
(13,050
)
Comprehensive Income
345,131

 
125,754

 
653,641

 
21,412

Comprehensive Income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
(180,690
)
 
(64,459
)
 
(340,794
)
 
(17,385
)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC
$
164,441

 
$
61,295

 
$
312,847

 
$
4,027


See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES
IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
Apollo Global Management, LLC Shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class A
Shares
 
Class B
Shares
 
Series A Preferred Shares
 
Series B Preferred Shares
 
Additional
Paid in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Total Apollo
Global
Management,
LLC
Shareholders’
Equity
 
Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Entities
 
Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Apollo
Operating
Group
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Balance at April 1, 2018
201,550,654

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$
289,815

 
$
1,483,244

 
$
(481,772
)
 
$
(815
)
 
$
1,554,870

 
$
290,857

 
$
1,061,029

 
$
2,906,756

Capital increase related to equity-based compensation

 

 

 

 
28,753

 

 

 
28,753

 

 

 
28,753

Capital contributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
2,590

 

 
2,590

Distributions

 

 
(4,383
)
 
(4,569
)
 
(80,755
)
 

 

 
(89,707
)
 
(19,523
)
 
(127,491
)
 
(236,721
)
Payments related to issuances of Class A shares for equity-based awards
106,917

 

 

 

 

 
(3,221
)
 

 
(3,221
)
 

 

 
(3,221
)
Repurchase of Class A shares
(72,475
)
 

 

 

 
(2,284
)
 

 

 
(2,284
)
 

 

 
(2,284
)
Exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares

 

 

 

 
349

 

 

 
349

 

 
1

 
350

Net income

 

 
4,383

 
4,569

 

 
54,658

 

 
63,610

 
8,716

 
71,484

 
143,810

Currency translation adjustments, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 
(2,230
)
 
(2,230
)
 
(13,478
)
 
(2,177
)
 
(17,885
)
Net gain from change in fair value of cash flow hedge instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 
13

 
13

 

 
12

 
25

Net loss on available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 
(98
)
 
(98
)
 

 
(98
)
 
(196
)
Balance at June 30, 2018
201,585,096

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$
289,815

 
$
1,429,307

 
$
(430,335
)
 
$
(3,130
)
 
$
1,550,055

 
$
269,162

 
$
1,002,760

 
$
2,821,977

Balance at April 1, 2019
201,375,418

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$
289,815

 
$
1,144,664

 
$
(372,576
)
 
$
(4,810
)
 
$
1,321,491

 
$
273,145

 
$
847,604

 
$
2,442,240

Dilution impact of issuance of Class A shares

 

 

 

 
(25
)
 

 

 
(25
)
 

 

 
(25
)
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation

 

 

 

 
34,298

 

 

 
34,298

 

 

 
34,298

Capital contributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
526

 

 
526

Distributions

 

 
(4,383
)
 
(4,781
)
 
(96,316
)
 

 

 
(105,480
)
 
(1,786
)
 
(138,462
)
 
(245,728
)
Payments related to issuances of Class A shares for equity-based awards
308,901

 

 

 

 
3,438

 
(5,090
)
 

 
(1,652
)
 

 

 
(1,652
)
Repurchase of Class A shares
(1,248,732
)
 

 

 

 
(33,800
)
 

 

 
(33,800
)
 

 

 
(33,800
)
Exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 
4,383

 
4,781

 

 
155,659

 

 
164,823

 
5,143

 
172,195

 
342,161

Currency translation adjustments, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 
428

 
428

 
3,634

 
534

 
4,596

Net loss from change in fair value of cash flow hedge instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 
(965
)
 
(965
)
 

 
(973
)
 
(1,938
)
Net gain on available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 
155

 
155

 

 
157

 
312

Balance at June 30, 2019
200,435,587

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$
289,815

 
$
1,052,259

 
$
(222,007
)
 
$
(5,192
)
 
$
1,379,273

 
$
280,662

 
$
881,055

 
$
2,540,990


 
Apollo Global Management, LLC Shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class A
Shares
 
Class B
Shares
 
Series A Preferred Shares
 
Series B Preferred Shares
 
Additional
Paid in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Total Apollo
Global
Management,
LLC
Shareholders’
Equity
 
Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Consolidated
Entities
 
Non-
Controlling
Interests in
Apollo
Operating
Group
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Balance at January 1, 2018
195,267,669

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$

 
$
1,579,797

 
$
(379,460
)
 
$
(1,809
)
 
$
1,462,926

 
$
140,086

 
$
1,294,784

 
$
2,897,796

Adoption of new accounting guidance

 

 

 

 

 
(8,149
)
 

 
(8,149
)
 

 
(11,210
)
 
(19,359
)
Dilution impact of issuance of Class A shares

 

 

 

 
104

 

 

 
104

 

 

 
104

Equity issued in connection with Preferred shares offering

 

 

 
289,815

 

 

 

 
289,815

 

 

 
289,815

Capital increase related to equity-based compensation

 

 

 

 
57,065

 

 

 
57,065

 

 

 
57,065

Capital contributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
146,518

 

 
146,518

Distributions

 

 
(8,766
)
 
(4,569
)
 
(219,162
)
 

 

 
(232,497
)
 
(21,634
)
 
(261,180
)
 
(515,311
)
Payments related to issuances of Class A shares for equity-based awards
1,986,612

 

 

 

 

 
(34,739
)
 

 
(34,739
)
 

 

 
(34,739
)
Repurchase of Class A shares
(849,785
)
 

 

 

 
(28,728
)
 

 

 
(28,728
)
 

 

 
(28,728
)
Exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares
5,180,600

 

 

 

 
40,231

 

 

 
40,231

 

 
(32,827
)
 
7,404

Net income (loss)

 

 
8,766

 
4,569

 

 
(7,987
)
 

 
5,348

 
14,695

 
14,419

 
34,462

Currency translation adjustments, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 
(1,229
)
 
(1,229
)
 
(10,503
)
 
(1,133
)
 
(12,865
)
Net gain from change in fair value of cash flow hedge instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 
26

 
26

 

 
26

 
52

Net loss on available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 
(118
)
 
(118
)
 

 
(119
)
 
(237
)
Balance at June 30, 2018
201,585,096

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$
289,815

 
$
1,429,307

 
$
(430,335
)
 
$
(3,130
)
 
$
1,550,055

 
$
269,162

 
$
1,002,760

 
$
2,821,977

Balance at January 1, 2019
201,400,500

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$
289,815

 
$
1,299,418

 
$
(473,276
)
 
$
(4,159
)
 
$
1,376,196

 
$
271,522

 
$
804,122

 
$
2,451,840

Dilution impact of issuance of Class A shares

 

 

 

 
(25
)
 

 

 
(25
)
 

 

 
(25
)
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation

 

 

 

 
68,322

 

 

 
68,322

 

 

 
68,322

Capital contributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
526

 

 
526

Distributions

 

 
(8,766
)
 
(9,562
)
 
(214,620
)
 

 

 
(232,948
)
 
(3,159
)
 
(251,720
)
 
(487,827
)
Payments related to issuances of Class A shares for equity-based awards
2,511,101

 

 

 

 
4,830

 
(44,283
)
 

 
(39,453
)
 

 

 
(39,453
)
Repurchase of Class A shares
(3,576,014
)
 

 

 

 
(106,116
)
 

 

 
(106,116
)
 

 

 
(106,116
)
Exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares
100,000

 

 

 

 
450

 

 

 
450

 

 
(368
)
 
82

Net income

 

 
8,766

 
9,562

 

 
295,552

 

 
313,880

 
13,805

 
330,043

 
657,728

Currency translation adjustments, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 
(195
)
 
(195
)
 
(2,032
)
 
(178
)
 
(2,405
)
Net loss from change in fair value of cash flow hedge instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 
(952
)
 
(952
)
 

 
(960
)
 
(1,912
)
Net gain on available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 
114

 
114

 

 
116

 
230

Balance at June 30, 2019
200,435,587

 
1

 
$
264,398

 
$
289,815

 
$
1,052,259

 
$
(222,007
)
 
$
(5,192
)
 
$
1,379,273

 
$
280,662

 
$
881,055

 
$
2,540,990


See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
For the Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
657,728

 
$
34,462

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Equity-based compensation
89,739

 
73,309

Depreciation and amortization
7,392

 
7,574

Unrealized (gains) losses from investment activities
(63,088
)
 
140,517

Principal investment income
(65,627
)
 
(9,181
)
Performance allocations
(428,359
)
 
(4,920
)
Change in fair value of contingent obligations
20,051

 
(8,034
)
Deferred taxes, net
29,651

 
23,546

Net loss related to cash flow hedge instruments
(1,974
)
 

Non-cash lease expense
10,733

 

Other non-cash amounts included in net income, net
(18,413
)
 
(12,304
)
Cash flows due to changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Incentive fees receivable
6,792

 
(9,029
)
Due from related parties
(73,164
)
 
(48,586
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
18,898

 
5,593

Accrued compensation and benefits
39,209

 
47,837

Deferred revenue
(11,330
)
 
(17,279
)
Due to related parties
474

 
375

Profit sharing payable
125,076

 
(24,544
)
Lease liability
(11,075
)
 

Other assets and other liabilities, net
(32,560
)
 
(9,134
)
Cash distributions of earnings from principal investments
20,864

 
39,656

Cash distributions of earnings from performance allocations
123,142

 
257,128

Satisfaction of contingent obligations
(1,315
)
 
(2,564
)
Apollo Fund and VIE related:
 
 
 
Net realized and unrealized gains from investing activities and debt
(13,000
)
 
(20,714
)
Purchases of investments
(179,744
)
 
(288,914
)
Proceeds from sale of investments
186,778

 
279,606

Changes in other assets and other liabilities, net
13,732

 
(59,325
)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$
450,610

 
$
395,075

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
 
 
 
Purchases of fixed assets
$
(9,624
)
 
$
(5,108
)
Proceeds from sale of investments
1,878

 
28,316

Purchase of investments
(15,048
)
 
(57,903
)
Purchase of U.S. Treasury securities
(541,530
)
 
(59,529
)
Proceeds from maturities of U.S. Treasury securities
229,322

 
425,830

Cash contributions to principal investments
(95,141
)
 
(160,346
)
Cash distributions from principal investments
33,434

 
53,770

Issuance of related party loans
(1,525
)
 
(1,650
)
Other investing activities
(13
)
 
171

Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities
$
(398,247
)
 
$
223,551

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
 
 
 
Principal repayments of debt
$
(29
)
 
$
(300,000
)
Issuance of Preferred shares, net of issuance costs

 
289,815

Distributions to Preferred Shareholders
(18,328
)
 
(13,335
)
Issuance of debt
1,005,964

 
299,676

Satisfaction of tax receivable agreement
(37,234
)
 
(50,267
)
Repurchase of Class A shares
(106,116
)
 
(52,482
)
Payments related to deliveries of Class A shares for RSUs
(44,283
)
 
(34,739
)
Distributions paid
(214,620
)
 
(219,162
)
Distributions paid to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group
(251,720
)
 
(261,180
)
Other financing activities
(17,509
)
 
(5,142
)
Apollo Fund and VIE related:
 
 
 
Principal repayment of debt

 
(92,153
)
Distributions paid to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
(1,207
)
 
(18,939
)
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
305

 
147,189

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
$
315,223

 
$
(310,719
)
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Held at Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
367,586

 
307,907

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Held at Consolidated Variable Interest Entities, Beginning of Period
662,875

 
848,060

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Held at Consolidated Variable Interest Entities, End of Period
$
1,030,461

 
$
1,155,967

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
 
 
 
Interest paid
$
29,440

 
$
25,706

Interest paid by consolidated variable interest entities
7,104

 
9,341

Income taxes paid
18,771

 
5,494

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing Activities:
 
 
 
Non-cash distributions from principal investments
$
(1,019
)
 
$
(24,902
)
Non-cash purchases of other investments, at fair value

 
194,003

Non-cash sales of other investments, at fair value

 
(46,623
)
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Financing Activities:
 
 
 
Capital increases related to equity-based compensation
$
68,322

 
$
57,065

Issuance of restricted shares
4,830

 

Other non-cash financing activities
(25
)
 
105

Adjustments related to exchange of Apollo Operating Group units:
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets
$
546

 
$
47,009

Due to related parties
(464
)
 
(39,605
)
Additional paid in capital
(82
)
 
(7,404
)
Non-Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group
368

 
32,827

 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Held at Consolidated Variable Interest Entities to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
945,725

 
$
1,093,125

Restricted cash
17,651

 
3,859

Cash held at consolidated variable interest entities
67,085

 
58,983

Total Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash and Cash Equivalents Held at Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
$
1,030,461

 
$
1,155,967


See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)


1. ORGANIZATION
Apollo Global Management, LLC (“AGM”, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company” or “Apollo”) is a global alternative investment manager whose predecessor was founded in 1990. Its primary business is to raise, invest and manage credit, private equity and real assets funds as well as strategic investment accounts, on behalf of pension, endowment and sovereign wealth funds, as well as other institutional and individual investors. For these investment management services, Apollo receives management fees generally related to the amount of assets managed, transaction and advisory fees, incentive fees and performance allocations related to the performance of the respective funds that it manages. Apollo has three primary business segments:
Credit—primarily invests in non-control corporate and structured debt instruments including performing, stressed and distressed investments across the capital structure;
Private equity—primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; and
Real assets—primarily invests in (i) real estate equity and infrastructure equity for the acquisition and recapitalization of real estate and infrastructure assets, portfolios, platforms and operating companies, (ii) real estate and infrastructure debt including first mortgage and mezzanine loans, preferred equity and commercial mortgage backed securities and (iii) European performing and non-performing loans, and unsecured consumer loans.
Organization of the Company
The Company was formed as a Delaware limited liability company on July 3, 2007 and completed a reorganization of its predecessor businesses on July 13, 2007 (the “2007 Reorganization”). The Company is managed and operated by its manager, AGM Management, LLC, which in turn is indirectly wholly-owned and controlled by Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, its Managing Partners.
As of June 30, 2019, the Company owned, through six intermediate holding companies, 49.8% of the economic interests of, and operated and controlled all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group through its wholly owned subsidiaries.
AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (“Holdings”), is the entity through which the Managing Partners and certain of the Company’s other partners (the “Contributing Partners”) indirectly beneficially own interests in each of the entities that comprise the Apollo Operating Group (“AOG Units”). As of June 30, 2019, Holdings owned the remaining 50.2% of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. The Company consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings’ ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as a Non-Controlling Interest in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
Conversion to a C Corporation
On May 2, 2019, the Company announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation. The conversion is expected to be effective during the third quarter of 2019. The details of the conversion remain subject to the approval of the conflicts committee of Apollo Global Management, LLC’s board of directors and certain required regulatory approvals.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The condensed consolidated financial statements and these notes are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in annual financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing its condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual financial statements included in the 2018 Annual Report.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, the consolidated entities which are considered to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and for which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary, and certain entities which are not considered VIEs but which the Company controls through a majority voting interest. Intercompany accounts and transactions, if any, have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Certain reclassifications, when applicable, have been made to the prior periods’ condensed consolidated financial statements and notes to conform to the current period’s presentation and are disclosed accordingly.
Consolidation
The types of entities with which Apollo is involved generally include subsidiaries (e.g., general partners and management companies related to the funds the Company manages), entities that have all the attributes of an investment company (e.g., funds) and securitization vehicles (e.g., CLOs). Each of these entities is assessed for consolidation on a case by case basis depending on the specific facts and circumstances surrounding that entity.
Pursuant to the consolidation guidance, the Company first evaluates whether it holds a variable interest in an entity. Fees that are customary and commensurate with the level of services provided, and where the Company does not hold other economic interests in the entity that would absorb more than an insignificant amount of the expected losses or returns of the entity, would not be considered a variable interest. Apollo factors in all economic interests including proportionate interests through related parties, to determine if such interests are considered a variable interest. As Apollo’s interests in many of these entities are solely through market rate fees and/or insignificant indirect interests through related parties, Apollo is not considered to have a variable interest in many of these entities and no further consolidation analysis is performed. For entities where the Company has determined that it does hold a variable interest, the Company performs an assessment to determine whether each of those entities qualify as a VIE.
The determination as to whether an entity qualifies as a VIE depends on the facts and circumstances surrounding each entity and therefore certain of Apollo’s funds may qualify as VIEs under the variable interest model whereas others may qualify as voting interest entities (“VOEs”) under the voting interest model. The granting of substantive kick-out rights is a key consideration in determining whether a limited partnership or similar entity is a VIE and whether or not that entity should be consolidated.
Under the variable interest model, Apollo consolidates those entities where it is determined that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entity. The Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary when it has a controlling financial interest in the VIE, which is defined as possessing both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. When Apollo alone is not considered to have a controlling financial interest in the VIE but Apollo and its related parties under common control in the aggregate have a controlling financial interest in the VIE, Apollo will be deemed the primary beneficiary if it is the party that is most closely associated with the VIE. When Apollo and its related parties not under common control in the aggregate have a controlling financial interest in the VIE, Apollo would be deemed to be the primary beneficiary if substantially all the activities of the entity are performed on behalf of Apollo.
Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes initially involved with the VIE and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, related parties of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective entity may affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.
Assets and liabilities of the consolidated VIEs are primarily shown in separate sections within the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Changes in the fair value of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income and expenses are presented within net gains from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The portion attributable to Non-Controlling Interests is reported within net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For additional disclosures regarding VIEs, see note 5.
Under the voting interest model, Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest. Apollo does not consolidate those VOEs in which substantive kick-out rights have been granted to the unrelated investors to either dissolve the fund or remove the general partner.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Apollo considers all highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include money market funds and U.S. Treasury securities with original maturities of three months or less when purchased. Interest income from cash and cash equivalents is recorded in interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The carrying values of the money market funds and U.S. Treasury securities were $313.8 million and $231.8 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, which approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature and are categorized as Level I within the fair value hierarchy. Substantially all of the Company’s cash on deposit is in interest bearing accounts with major financial institutions and exceed insured limits.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash includes cash held in reserve accounts used to make required payments in respect of the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes. Restricted cash also includes cash deposited at a bank, which is pledged as collateral in connection with leased premises.
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value includes U.S. Treasury bills with original maturities greater than three months when purchased. These securities are recorded at fair value. Interest income on such securities is separately presented from the overall change in fair value and is recognized in interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Any remaining change in fair value of such securities, that is not recognized as interest income, is recognized in net gains (losses) from investment activities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Apollo has elected the fair value option for the Company’s investment in Athene Holding, the assets and liabilities of certain of its consolidated VIEs (including CLOs), the Company’s U.S. Treasury securities with original maturities greater than three months when purchased, and certain of the Company’s other investments. Such election is irrevocable and is applied to financial instruments on an individual basis at initial recognition.
The fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions.
Except for the Company’s debt obligations, financial instruments are generally recorded at fair value or at amounts whose carrying values approximate fair value. The actual realized gains or losses will depend on, among other factors, future operating results, the value of the assets and market conditions at the time of disposition, any related transaction costs and the timing and manner of sale, all of which may ultimately differ significantly from the assumptions on which the valuations were based.
Fair Value Hierarchy
U.S. GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.
Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination of fair values, as follows:
Level I - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types of financial instruments included in Level I include listed equities and debt. The Company does not adjust the quoted price for these financial instruments, even in situations where the Company holds a large position and the sale of such position would likely deviate from the quoted price.
Level II - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Financial instruments that are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs. These financial instruments exhibit higher levels of liquid market observability as compared to Level III financial instruments.
Level III - Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instrument and includes situations where there is little observable market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value may require significant management judgment or estimation. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partner interests in corporate private equity and real assets funds, opportunistic credit funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and CDOs and CLOs where the fair value is based on observable inputs as well as unobservable inputs.
When a security is valued based on broker quotes, the Company subjects those quotes to various criteria in making the determination as to whether a particular financial instrument would qualify for classification as Level II or Level III. These criteria include, but are not limited to, the number and quality of the broker quotes, the standard deviations of the observed broker quotes, and the percentage deviation from independent pricing services.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, a financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument when the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.
Equity Method Investments
For investments in entities over which the Company exercises significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation and for which the Company has not elected the fair value option, the Company uses the equity method of accounting, whereby the Company records its share of the underlying income or loss of such entities. The Company’s share of the underlying net income or loss of such entities is recorded in principal investment income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The carrying amounts of equity method investments are recorded in investments in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As the underlying entities that the Company manages and invests in are, for U.S. GAAP purposes, primarily investment companies which reflect their investments at estimated fair value, the carrying value of the Company’s equity method investments in such entities approximates fair value.
Financial Instruments held by Consolidated VIEs
The Company measures both the financial assets and financial liabilities of the consolidated CLOs in its condensed consolidated financial statements using the fair value of the financial assets of the consolidated CLOs, which are more observable than the fair value of the financial liabilities of the consolidated CLOs. As a result, the financial assets of the consolidated CLOs are measured at fair value and the financial liabilities are measured in consolidation as: (i) the sum of the fair value of the financial assets and the carrying value of any non-financial assets that are incidental to the operations of the CLOs less (ii) the sum of the fair value of any beneficial interests retained by the Company (other than those that represent compensation for services) and the Company’s carrying value of any beneficial interests that represent compensation for services. The resulting amount is allocated to the individual financial liabilities (other than the beneficial interest retained by the Company) using a reasonable and consistent methodology. Under the measurement alternative, net income attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC reflects the Company’s own economic interests in the consolidated CLOs including (i) changes in the fair value of the beneficial interests retained by the Company and (ii) beneficial interests that represent compensation for collateral management services.
The consolidated VIEs hold investments that could be traded over-the-counter. Investments in securities that are traded on a securities exchange or comparable over-the-counter quotation systems are valued based on the last reported sale price at that date. If no sales of such investments are reported on such date, and in the case of over-the-counter securities or other investments for which the last sale date is not available, valuations are based on independent market quotations obtained from market participants, recognized pricing services or other sources deemed relevant, and the prices are based on the average of the “bid” and “ask” prices, or at ascertainable prices at the close of business on such day. Market quotations are generally based on valuation pricing models or market transactions of similar securities adjusted for security-specific factors such as relative capital structure priority and

- 16-

Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

interest and yield risks, among other factors. When market quotations are not available, a model based approach is used to determine fair value.
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in lease assets and lease liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The Company does not have any finance leases.

Lease assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the date of commencement of the lease (the “commencement date”) based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its derived incremental borrowing rate based on information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The determination of an appropriate incremental borrowing rate requires judgment. The Company determined its incremental borrowing rate based on consideration of market conditions, the Company’s overall creditworthiness, and recent debt and preferred equity issuances. The Company adjusts its rate accordingly based on the term of the leases.
Lease assets also include any lease payments made (e.g. pre-paid rent) and are reduced by any deferred rent liabilities arising from lease escalation provisions and lease incentives within the Company’s lease agreements. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2019, the difference between lease assets and lease liabilities represents the Company’s deferred rent liabilities that are netted against the lease asset amount. Certain lease agreements contain lease escalation or lease incentive provisions based on the terms of the arrangement with the landlord. Lease escalations and lease incentives, if any, are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company’s lease agreements may also include options to extend or terminate the lease. Options to extend would not be included in the lease term until it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded within general, administrative and other in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company has lease agreements with non-lease components (e.g. estimated operating expenses associated with the lease), which are accounted for separately.
Other Assets
Other assets primarily includes fixed assets, net, deferred equity-based compensation and prepaid expenses. During 2019, the presentation of intangible assets, net was combined with other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and the prior period was recast to conform to the current presentation.
Deferred Revenue
Apollo records deferred revenue, which is a type of contract liability, when consideration is received in advance of management services provided.
Apollo also earns management fees subject to the Management Fee Offset (described below). When advisory and transaction fees are earned by the management company, the Management Fee Offset reduces the management fee obligation of the fund. When the Company receives cash for advisory and transaction fees, a certain percentage of such advisory and/or transaction fees, as applicable, is allocated as a credit to reduce future management fees, otherwise payable by such fund. Such credit is recorded as deferred revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. A portion of any excess advisory and transaction fees may be required to be returned to the limited partners of certain funds upon such fund’s liquidation. As the management fees earned by the Company are presented on a gross basis, any Management Fee Offsets calculated are presented as a reduction to advisory and transaction fees in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Additionally, Apollo earns advisory fees pursuant to the terms of the advisory agreements with certain of the portfolio companies that are owned by the funds Apollo manages. When Apollo receives a payment from a portfolio company that exceeds the advisory fees earned at that point in time, the excess payment is recorded as deferred revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The advisory agreements with the portfolio companies vary in duration and the associated fees are received monthly, quarterly or annually. Deferred revenue is reversed and recognized as revenue over the period that the agreed upon services are performed. There was $55.4 million of revenue recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2019 that was previously deferred as of January 1, 2019.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Under the terms of the funds’ partnership agreements, Apollo is normally required to bear organizational expenses over a set dollar amount and placement fees or costs in connection with the offering and sale of interests in the funds it manages to investors. The placement fees are payable to placement agents, who are independent third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering and marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors, when a limited partner either commits or funds a commitment to a fund. In certain instances the placement fees are paid over a period of time. Based on the management agreements with the funds, Apollo considers placement fees and organizational costs paid in determining if cash has been received in excess of the management fees earned. Placement fees and organizational costs are normally the obligation of Apollo but can be paid for by the funds. When these costs are paid by the fund, the resulting obligations are included within deferred revenue. The deferred revenue balance will also be reduced during future periods when management fees are earned but not paid.
Revenues
The Company’s revenues are reported in four separate categories that include (i) management fees; (ii) advisory and transaction fees, net; (iii) investment income, which is comprised of performance allocations and principal investment income; and (iv) incentive fees.
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted new revenue guidance issued by the FASB for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. The new revenue guidance requires that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services (i.e., the transaction price). When determining the transaction price under the new revenue guidance, an entity may recognize variable consideration only to the extent that it is probable to not be significantly reversed. The new revenue guidance also requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized.
The Company has concluded that its management fees, advisory and transaction fees, and incentive fees are within the scope of the new revenue guidance. For incentive fees, the new revenue guidance delays the timing of certain revenues compared to the prior accounting treatment. These amounts were previously recognized in carried interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and are now recognized within a separate line, incentive fees.
Effective January 1, 2018, the Company implemented a change in accounting principle for performance allocations to be accounted for under guidance applicable to equity method investments, and therefore not within the scope of the new revenue guidance. The accounting change does not change the timing or amount of revenue recognized related to performance allocation arrangements. These amounts were previously recognized within carried interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and carried interest receivable within the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As a result of the change in accounting principle, the Company recognizes performance allocations within investment income along with the related principal investment income (as further described below) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and within the investments line in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The Company applied this change in accounting principle on a full retrospective basis.
Management Fees
Management fees are recognized over time during the periods in which the related services are performed in accordance with the contractual terms of the related agreement. Management fees are generally based on (1) a percentage of the capital committed during the commitment period, and thereafter based on the remaining invested capital of unrealized investments, or (2) net asset value, gross assets or as otherwise defined in the respective agreements. Included in management fees are certain expense reimbursements where the Company is considered the principal under the agreements and is required to record the expense and related reimbursement revenue on a gross basis.
Advisory and Transaction Fees, Net
Advisory fees, including management consulting fees and directors’ fees, are generally recognized over time as the underlying services are provided in accordance with the contractual terms of the related agreement. The Company receives such fees in exchange for ongoing management consulting services provided to portfolio companies of funds it manages. Transaction fees, including structuring fees and arranging fees are generally recognized at a point in time when the underlying services rendered are complete.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The amounts due from fund portfolio companies are recorded in due from related parties, which is discussed further in note 14. Under the terms of the limited partnership agreements for certain funds, the management fee payable by the funds may be subject to a reduction based on a certain percentage of such advisory and transaction fees, net of applicable broken deal costs (“Management Fee Offset”). Advisory and transaction fees are presented net of the Management Fee Offset in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Underwriting fees, which are also included within advisory and transaction fees, net, include gains, losses and fees, arising from securities offerings in which one of the Company’s subsidiaries participates in the underwriter syndicate. Underwriting fees are recognized at a point in time when the underwriting is completed. Underwriting fees recognized but not received are recorded in other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
During the normal course of business, the Company incurs certain costs related to certain transactions that are not consummated (“broken deal costs”). These costs (e.g., research costs, due diligence costs, professional fees, legal fees and other related items) are determined to be broken deal costs upon management’s decision to no longer pursue the transaction. In accordance with the related fund agreement, in the event the deal is deemed broken, all of the costs are reimbursed by the funds and then included as a component of the calculation of the Management Fee Offset. If a deal is successfully completed, Apollo is reimbursed by the fund or fund’s portfolio company for all costs incurred and no offset is generated. As the Company acts as an agent for the funds it manages, any transaction costs incurred and paid by the Company on behalf of the respective funds relating to successful or broken deals are recorded net on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, and any receivable from the respective funds is recorded in due from related parties on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
Investment Income
Investment income is comprised of performance allocations and principal investment income.
Performance Allocations
Performance allocations are a type of performance revenue (i.e., income earned based on the extent to which an entity’s performance exceeds predetermined thresholds). Performance allocations are generally structured from a legal standpoint as an allocation of capital in which the Company’s capital account receives allocations of the returns of an entity when those returns exceed predetermined thresholds. The determination of which performance revenues are considered performance allocations is primarily based on the terms of an agreement with the entity.
As noted above, as a result of a change in accounting principle, the Company recognizes performance allocations within investment income along with the related principal investment income (as described further below) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and within the investments line in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
Principal Investment Income
Principal investment income includes the Company’s income or loss from equity method investments and certain other investments in entities in which the Company is generally eligible to receive performance allocations. Income from equity method investments includes the Company’s share of net income or loss generated from its investments, which are not consolidated, but in which the Company exerts significant influence. Prior to the change in accounting principle noted above, income from equity method investments was included within other income (loss) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. All prior periods have been conformed to reflect this change in presentation.
Incentive Fees
Incentive fees are a type of performance revenue. Incentive fees differ from performance allocations in that incentive fees do not represent an allocation of capital but rather a contractual fee arrangement with the entity.
Incentive fees are considered a form of variable consideration under the new revenue recognition guidance as they are subject to clawback or reversal and therefore must be deferred until the fees are probable to not be significantly reversed. Accrued but unpaid incentive fees are reported within incentive fees receivable in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As noted earlier, prior to the adoption of the new revenue recognition guidance, incentive fees were recognized on an assumed liquidation basis. The Company’s incentive fees primarily relate to the credit segment and are generally received from CLOs, managed accounts and AINV.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Compensation and Benefits
Equity-Based Compensation
Equity-based awards granted to employees and non-employees as compensation are measured based on the grant date fair value of the award. Equity-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Equity-based employee awards that require future service are expensed over the relevant service period. In addition, certain restricted share units (“RSUs”) granted by the Company vest based on both continued service and the Company’s receipt of performance revenues, within prescribed periods, sufficient to cover the associated equity-based compensation expense. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, equity-based compensation expense for such awards, if and when granted, will be recognized on an accelerated recognition method over the requisite service period to the extent the performance revenue metrics are met or deemed probable. The Company accounts for forfeitures of equity-based awards when they occur.
Profit Sharing
Profit sharing expense and profit sharing payable primarily consist of a portion of performance revenues earned from certain funds that are allocated to employees, former employees and Contributing Partners. Profit sharing amounts are recognized as the related performance revenues are earned. Accordingly, profit sharing amounts can be reversed during periods when there is a decline in performance revenues that were previously recognized.
Profit sharing amounts are generally not paid until the related performance revenue is distributed to the general partner upon realization of the fund’s investments. Under certain profit sharing arrangements, the Company requires that a portion of certain of the performance revenues distributed to its employees be used to purchase Class A restricted shares issued under the Company’s 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, which, effective as of July 22, 2019, was amended, restated and renamed the 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Plan”). Prior to distribution of the performance revenue, the Company records the value of the equity-based awards expected to be granted in other assets and other liabilities within the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Such equity-based awards are recorded as equity-based compensation expense over the relevant service period once granted.
Additionally, profit sharing amounts previously distributed may be subject to clawback from employees, former employees and Contributing Partners. When applicable, the accrual for potential clawback of previously distributed profit sharing amounts, which is a component of due from related parties on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, represents all amounts previously distributed to employees, former employees and Contributing Partners that would need to be returned to the general partner if the Apollo funds were to be liquidated based on the fair value of the underlying funds’ investments as of the reporting date. The actual general partner receivable, however, would not become realized until the end of a fund’s life.
Profit sharing payable also includes contingent consideration obligations that were recognized in connection with certain Apollo acquisitions. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration obligations are reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations as profit sharing expense.
The Company has a performance-based incentive arrangement for certain Apollo partners and employees designed to more closely align compensation on an annual basis with the overall realized performance of the Company. This arrangement enables certain partners and employees to earn discretionary compensation based on performance revenue earned by the Company in a given year, which amounts are reflected in profit sharing expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
401(k) Savings Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) savings plan (the “401(k) Plan”) whereby U.S.-based employees are entitled to participate in the 401(k) Plan based upon satisfying certain eligibility requirements. The Company matches 50% of eligible annual employee contributions up to 3% of the eligible employees’ annual compensation. Matching contributions vest after three years of service.
General, Administrative and Other
General, administrative and other primarily includes professional fees, occupancy, depreciation and amortization, travel, information technology and administration expenses.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Use of Estimates
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Apollo’s most significant estimates include goodwill, intangible assets, income taxes, performance allocations, incentive fees, contingent consideration obligation related to an acquisition, non-cash compensation, and fair value of investments and debt. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Effective on January 1, 2019
In February 2016, the FASB issued a new standard related to leases to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of right-of-use lease assets and lease liabilities on the statements of financial condition. The most significant among the changes in the standard is the recognition of right-of-use lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases. Under the standard, disclosures are required to meet the objectives of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.
The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2019 under the simplified transition method. The simplified transition method allows companies to forgo the comparative reporting requirements initially required under the modified retrospective transition approach and apply the new guidance prospectively. The Company also elected to use the practical expedients available under the standard whereby the Company would not need to reassess whether an arrangement is or contains a lease, lease classification, and the accounting for initial direct costs.
The adoption of the standard had an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition but did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, condensed consolidated statements of cash flows or beginning accumulated deficit. The most significant impact was the recognition of right-of-use lease assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. Refer to the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and note 8 for further information on the impact of the adoption of the standard on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Effective on January 1, 2020
In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance to simplify the test for goodwill impairment. The new guidance removes the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment (Step 2). Under the new guidance, a goodwill impairment is calculated as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill in the reporting unit. The guidance is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and should be performed prospectively. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company.
3. INVESTMENTS
The following table presents Apollo’s investments: 
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Investments, at fair value
$
981,723

 
$
900,959

Equity method investments
1,008,333

 
909,471

Performance allocations
1,229,894

 
912,182

Total Investments
$
3,219,950

 
$
2,722,612


Investments, at Fair Value
Investments, at fair value, consist of investments for which the fair value option has been elected and primarily include the Company’s investment in Athene Holding and investments in debt of unconsolidated CLOs. Changes in the fair value related to these investments are presented in net gains (losses) from investment activities except for certain investments for which the

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Company is entitled to receive performance allocations. For those investments, changes in fair value are presented in principal investment income.
As of June 30, 2019 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, no equity method investment held by Apollo met the significance criteria as defined by the SEC. Although the following disclosure is not required by the significance criteria for the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company chose to continue to include this information as it was disclosed in its 2018 Annual Report. The following table presents summarized financial information of Athene Holding:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019(1)
 
2018
 
2019(1)
 
2018
 
(in millions)
Statements of Operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
$
4,961

 
$
1,802

 
$
6,115

 
$
2,813

Expenses
4,221

 
1,481

 
5,522

 
2,170

Income before income tax provision
740

 
321

 
593

 
643

Income tax provision
32

 
64

 
(11
)
 
109

Net income
$
708

 
$
257

 
$
604

 
$
534

(1)
The financial information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 is presented a quarter in arrears and reflects the financial information for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, which represents the latest available financial information as of the date of this report.
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities
The following table presents the realized and net change in unrealized gains (losses) reported in net gains (losses) from investment activities: 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Realized gains on sales of investments, net
$
182

 
$

 
$
45

 
$
66

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair value
44,878

 
(67,505
)
 
63,844

 
(134,704
)
Net gains (losses) from investment activities
$
45,060

 
$
(67,505
)
 
$
63,889

 
$
(134,638
)

Equity Method Investments
Apollo’s equity method investments include its investments in the credit, private equity and real assets funds it manages, which are not consolidated, but in which the Company exerts significant influence. Apollo’s share of net income generated by these investments is recorded in principal investment income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Equity method investments consisted of the following:
 
Equity Held as of
 
June 30, 2019
(4) 
December 31, 2018
(4) 
Credit(2)
$
302,743

 
$
279,888

 
Private Equity(1)
609,141

 
534,818

 
Real Assets
96,449

 
94,765

 
Total equity method investments(3)
$
1,008,333

 
$
909,471

 

(1)
The equity method investment in Fund VIII was $381.8 million and $356.6 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, representing an ownership percentage of 2.2% and 2.2% as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(2)
The equity method investment in AINV was $52.3 million and $53.9 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The value of the Company’s investment in AINV was $46.4 million and $36.7 million based on the quoted market price of AINV as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
(3)
Certain funds invest across multiple segments. The presentation in the table above is based on the classification of the majority of such funds’ investments.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

(4)
Some amounts included are a quarter in arrears.
Performance Allocations
Performance allocations from credit, private equity and real assets funds consisted of the following: 
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
As of December 31, 2018
Credit
$
332,950

 
$
241,896

Private Equity
755,804

 
520,892

Real Assets
141,140

 
149,394

Total performance allocations
$
1,229,894

 
$
912,182

The table below provides a roll forward of the performance allocations balance:
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
Performance allocations, January 1, 2019
$
241,896

 
$
520,892

 
$
149,394

 
$
912,182

Change in fair value of funds
138,743

 
307,454

 
(5,343
)
 
440,854

Fund distributions to the Company
(47,689
)
 
(72,542
)
 
(2,911
)
 
(123,142
)
Performance allocations, June 30, 2019
$
332,950

 
$
755,804

 
$
141,140

 
$
1,229,894


The change in fair value of funds excludes the reversal of previously realized performance allocations due to the general partner obligation to return previously distributed performance allocations, which is recorded in due to related parties in the consolidated statements of financial condition. See note 14 for further disclosure regarding the general partner obligation.
The timing of the payment of performance allocations due to the general partner or investment manager varies depending on the terms of the applicable fund agreements. Generally, performance allocations with respect to the private equity funds and certain credit and real assets funds are payable and are distributed to the fund’s general partner upon realization of an investment if the fund’s cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return.
4. PROFIT SHARING PAYABLE
Profit sharing payable consisted of the following:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
As of December 31, 2018
Credit
$
233,212

 
$
178,093

Private Equity
301,085

 
205,617

Real Assets
61,657

 
68,431

Total profit sharing payable
$
595,954

 
$
452,141


The table below provides a roll forward of the profit sharing payable balance:
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
Profit sharing payable, January 1, 2019
$
178,093

 
$
205,617

 
$
68,431

 
$
452,141

Profit sharing expense
76,152

 
124,951

 
(3,350
)
 
197,753

Payments/other
(21,033
)
 
(29,483
)
 
(3,424
)
 
(53,940
)
Profit sharing payable, June 30, 2019
$
233,212

 
$
301,085

 
$
61,657

 
$
595,954


Profit sharing expense includes (i) changes in amounts payable to employees and former employees entitled to a share of performance revenues in Apollo’s funds and (ii) changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration obligations recognized in connection with certain Apollo acquisitions. Profit sharing expense excludes the potential return of profit sharing distributions that would be due if certain funds were liquidated, which is recorded in due from related parties in the consolidated statements of financial condition. See note 14 for further disclosure regarding the potential return of profit sharing distributions.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

As discussed in note 2, under certain profit sharing arrangements, the Company requires that a portion of certain of the performance revenues distributed to its employees be used to purchase Class A restricted shares issued under its Equity Plan. Prior to distribution of the performance revenues, the Company records the value of the equity-based awards expected to be granted in other assets and other liabilities within the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. See note 7 for further disclosure regarding deferred equity-based compensation.
5. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
As described in note 2, the Company consolidates entities that are VIEs for which the Company has been designated as the primary beneficiary. There is no recourse to the Company for the consolidated VIEs’ liabilities.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
Apollo has consolidated VIEs in accordance with the policy described in note 2. Through its role as investment manager of these VIEs, the Company determined that Apollo has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these VIEs. Additionally, Apollo determined that its interests, both directly and indirectly from these VIEs, represent rights to returns that could potentially be significant to such VIEs. As a result, Apollo determined that it is the primary beneficiary and therefore should consolidate the VIEs.
Certain CLOs are consolidated by Apollo as the Company is considered to hold a controlling financial interest through direct and indirect interests in these CLOs exclusive of management and performance-based fees received. Through its role as collateral manager of these VIEs, the Company determined that Apollo has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of these VIEs. These CLOs were formed for the sole purpose of issuing collateralized notes to investors. The assets of these VIEs are primarily comprised of senior secured loans and the liabilities are primarily comprised of debt.
The assets of consolidated CLOs are not available to creditors of the Company. In addition, the investors in these consolidated CLOs have no recourse against the assets of the Company. The Company measures both the financial assets and the financial liabilities of the CLOs using the fair value of the financial assets as further described in note 2. The Company has elected the fair value option for financial instruments held by its consolidated CLOs, which includes investments in loans and corporate bonds, as well as debt obligations and contingent obligations held by such consolidated CLOs. Other assets include amounts due from brokers and interest receivables. Other liabilities include payables for securities purchased, which represent open trades within the consolidated CLOs and primarily relate to corporate loans that are expected to settle within 60 days. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company held investments of $44.1 million and $44.2 million, respectively, in consolidated foreign currency denominated CLOs, which eliminate in consolidation.
Net Gains from Investment Activities of Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
The following table presents net gains from investment activities of the consolidated VIEs:
 
For the Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
(1) 
2018
(1) 
2019
(1) 
2018
(1) 
Net gains (losses) from investment activities
$
5,805

 
$
(9
)
 
$
23,787

 
$
5,313

 
Net gains (losses) from debt
(2,134
)
 
6,824

 
(11,070
)
 
8,174

 
Interest and other income
8,454

 
9,148

 
13,415

 
18,727

 
Interest and other expenses
(7,494
)
 
(6,750
)
 
(12,035
)
 
(16,469
)
 
Net gains from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities
$
4,631

 
$
9,213

 
$
14,097

 
$
15,745

 
(1)
Amounts reflect consolidation eliminations.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Senior Secured Notes, Subordinated Notes and Secured Borrowings
Included within debt are amounts due to third-party institutions by the consolidated VIEs. The following table summarizes the principal provisions of the debt of the consolidated VIEs:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Principal Outstanding
 
Weighted Average Interest Rate
 
Weighted Average Remaining Maturity in Years
 
Principal Outstanding
 
Weighted Average Interest Rate
 
Weighted Average Remaining Maturity in Years
Senior Secured Notes(2)
$
762,652

 
1.67
%
 
10.7
 
$
768,860

 
1.67
%
 
11.2
Subordinated Notes(2)
94,913

 
N/A

(1) 
20.9
 
95,686

 
N/A

(1) 
21.4
Secured Borrowings(2)(3)
18,976

 
3.92
%
 
8.3
 
18,976

 
3.42
%
 
8.8
Total
$
876,541

 
 
 
 
 
$
883,522

 
 
 
 
(1)
The subordinated notes do not have contractual interest rates but instead receive distributions from the excess cash flows of the VIEs.
(2)
The debt of the consolidated VIEs is collateralized by assets of the consolidated VIEs and assets of one vehicle may not be used to satisfy the liabilities of another vehicle. The fair value of the debt and collateralized assets of the Senior Secured Notes, Subordinated Notes and Secured Borrowings are presented below:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
As of December 31, 2018
Debt, at fair value
$
859,357

 
$
855,461

Collateralized assets
$
1,309,703

 
$
1,290,891


(3)
Secured borrowings consist of a consolidated VIE’s obligation through a repurchase agreement redeemable at maturity with a third party lender. The fair value of the secured borrowings as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $19.0 million and $19.0 million, respectively.
The consolidated VIEs’ debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. As of June 30, 2019, the Company was not aware of any instances of non-compliance with any of these covenants.
As of June 30, 2019, the contractual maturities for debt of the consolidated VIEs is greater than 5 years.
Variable Interest Entities Which are Not Consolidated
The Company holds variable interests in certain VIEs which are not consolidated, as it has been determined that Apollo is not the primary beneficiary.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following table presents the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs for which Apollo has concluded that it holds a significant variable interest, but that it is not the primary beneficiary. In addition, the table presents the maximum exposure to losses relating to these VIEs.
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Assets:
 
 
 
Cash
$
216,907

 
$
404,660

Investments
5,578,049

 
4,919,118

Receivables
82,171

 
126,873

Total Assets
$
5,877,127

 
$
5,450,651

 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
Debt and other payables
$
3,433,437

 
$
3,673,219

Total Liabilities
$
3,433,437

 
$
3,673,219

 
 
 
 
Apollo Exposure(1)
$
257,538

 
$
244,894

(1)
Represents Apollo’s direct investment in those entities in which Apollo holds a significant variable interest and certain other investments. Additionally, cumulative performance allocations are subject to reversal in the event of future losses, as discussed in note 15.
6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following tables summarize the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at fair value by fair value hierarchy level:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
Level I
 
Level II
 
Level III
 
Total
 
Cost
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value
$
713,061

 
$

 
$

 
$
713,061

 
$
697,589

Investments, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in Athene Holding
823,573

 

 

 
823,573

 
592,561

Other investments

 
43,711

 
114,439

(1) 
158,150

 
137,549

Total investments, at fair value
823,573

 
43,711

 
114,439

 
981,723

 
730,110

Investments of VIEs, at fair value

 
881,583

 
301,066

 
1,182,649

 
 
Investments of VIEs, valued using NAV

 

 

 
838

 
 
Total investments of VIEs, at fair value

 
881,583

 
301,066

 
1,183,487

 
 
Derivative assets(2)

 
279

 

 
279

 
 
Total Assets
$
1,536,634

 
$
925,573

 
$
415,505

 
$
2,878,550

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities of VIEs, at fair value
$

 
$
859,357

 
$

 
$
859,357

 
 
Contingent consideration obligations(3)

 

 
93,223

 
93,223

 
 
Derivative liabilities(2)

 
286

 

 
286

 
 
Total Liabilities
$

 
$
859,643

 
$
93,223

 
$
952,866

 
 


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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Level I
 
Level II
 
Level III
 
Total
 
Cost
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value
$
392,932

 
$

 
$

 
$
392,932

 
$
390,336

Investments, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in Athene Holding
761,807

 

 

 
761,807

 
592,572

Other investments

 
42,782

 
96,370

(1) 
139,152

 
124,379

Total investments, at fair value
761,807

 
42,782

 
96,370

 
900,959

 
716,951

Investments of VIEs, at fair value

 
877,427

 
295,987

 
1,173,414

 
 
Investments of VIEs, valued using NAV

 

 

 
2,263

 
 
Total investments of VIEs, at fair value

 
877,427

 
295,987

 
1,175,677

 
 
Derivative assets(2)

 
388

 

 
388

 
 
Total Assets
$
1,154,739

 
$
920,597

 
$
392,357

 
$
2,469,956

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities of VIEs, at fair value
$

 
$
855,461

 
$

 
$
855,461

 
 
Contingent consideration obligations(3)

 

 
74,487

 
74,487

 
 
Derivative liabilities(2)

 
681

 

 
681

 
 
Total Liabilities
$

 
$
856,142

 
$
74,487

 
$
930,629

 
 

(1)
Other investments as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 excludes $24.0 million and $17.0 million, respectively, of performance allocations classified as Level III related to certain investments for which the Company has elected the fair value option. The Company’s policy is to account for performance allocations as investments.
(2)
Derivative assets and derivative liabilities are presented as a component of Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
(3)
Profit sharing payable includes contingent obligations classified as Level III.
The following tables summarize the changes in financial assets measured at fair value for which Level III inputs have been used to determine fair value:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Other Investments
 
Investments of Consolidated VIEs
 
Total
Balance, Beginning of Period
$
109,351

 
$
293,448

 
$
402,799

Sales of investments/distributions
(819
)
 

 
(819
)
Changes in net unrealized gains
4,755

 
3,252

 
8,007

Cumulative translation adjustment
1,299

 
4,366

 
5,665

Transfer out of Level III(1)
(147
)
 

 
(147
)
Balance, End of Period
$
114,439

 
$
301,066

 
$
415,505

Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities related to investments still held at reporting date
$
4,755

 
$

 
$
4,755

Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date

 
3,253

 
3,253


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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Other Investments
 
Investments of Consolidated VIEs
 
Total
Balance, Beginning of Period
$
57,292

 
$
293,260

 
$
350,552

Purchases

 
(4,665
)
 
(4,665
)
Sale of investments/distributions
(1
)
 
(2,544
)
 
(2,545
)
Net realized gains
2

 
48

 
50

Changes in net unrealized gains
1,635

 
8,210

 
9,845

Cumulative translation adjustment
(2,615
)
 
(8,030
)
 
(10,645
)
Transfer into Level III(2)
4,558

 

 
4,558

Transfer out of Level III(1)

 
(17,656
)
 
(17,656
)
Balance, End of Period
$
60,871

 
$
268,623

 
$
329,494

Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities related to investments still held at reporting date
$
1,637

 
$

 
$
1,637

Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date

 
9,951

 
9,951

 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Other Investments
 
Investments of Consolidated VIEs
 
Total
Balance, Beginning of Period
$
96,370

 
$
295,987

 
$
392,357

Purchases
15,048

 

 
15,048

Sale of investments/distributions
(1,878
)
 

 
(1,878
)
Changes in net unrealized gains
6,573

 
11,172

 
17,745

Cumulative translation adjustment
(745
)
 
(1,977
)
 
(2,722
)
Transfer out of Level III(1)
(929
)
 
(4,116
)
 
(5,045
)
Balance, End of Period
$
114,439

 
$
301,066

 
$
415,505

Change in net unrealized gains included in principal investment income related to investments still held at reporting date
$
6,573

 
$

 
$
6,573

Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date

 
11,173

 
11,173

 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Other Investments
 
Investments of Consolidated VIEs
 
Total
Balance, Beginning of Period 
$
35,701

 
$
132,348

 
$
168,049

Purchases
65,762

 
137,822

 
203,584

Sale of investments/distributions
(28,316
)
 
(14,205
)
 
(42,521
)
Net realized gains (losses)
415

 
(1,112
)
 
(697
)
Changes in net unrealized gains
1,420

 
17,119

 
18,539

Cumulative translation adjustment
(929
)
 
(4,476
)
 
(5,405
)
Transfer into Level III(1)
4,558

 
18,783

 
23,341

Transfer out of Level III(1)
(17,740
)
 
(17,656
)
 
(35,396
)
Balance, End of Period
$
60,871

 
$
268,623

 
$
329,494

Change in net unrealized losses included in principal investment income related to investments still held at reporting date
$
1,420

 
$

 
$
1,420

Change in net unrealized gains included in net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs related to investments still held at reporting date

 
15,963

 
15,963

(1)
Transfers between Level II and III were a result of subjecting the broker quotes on these financial assets to various criteria which include the number and quality of broker quotes, the standard deviation of obtained broker quotes and the percentage deviation from independent pricing services.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following table summarizes the changes in fair value in financial liabilities measured at fair value for which Level III inputs have been used to determine fair value:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Contingent Consideration Obligations
 
Contingent Consideration Obligations
Balance, Beginning of Period
$
76,500

 
$
90,500

Changes in net unrealized (gains) losses(1)
16,723

 
(8,500
)
Balance, End of Period
$
93,223

 
$
82,000

 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Contingent Consideration Obligations
 
Liabilities of Consolidated VIEs & Apollo Funds
 
Contingent Consideration Obligations
 
Total
Balance, Beginning of Period
$
74,487

 
$
12,620

 
$
92,600

 
$
105,220

Payments
(1,315
)
 
(12,620
)
 
(2,564
)
 
(15,184
)
Changes in net unrealized (gains) losses(1)
20,051

 

 
(8,036
)
 
(8,036
)
Balance, End of Period
$
93,223

 
$

 
$
82,000

 
$
82,000

(1)
Changes in fair value of contingent consideration obligations are recorded in profit sharing expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following tables summarize the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for financial assets and liabilities categorized as Level III under the fair value hierarchy:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation Techniques
 
Unobservable Inputs
 
Ranges
 
Weighted Average
Financial Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
$
5,623

 
Third Party Pricing
 
N/A
 
N/A
 
N/A
108,816

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount rate
 
15.0% - 16.0%
 
15.6%
Investments of consolidated VIEs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
301,066

 
Book value multiple
 
Book value multiple
 
0.63x
 
0.63x
 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount rate
 
14.0%
 
14.0%
Total Financial Assets
$
415,505

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration obligation
$
93,223

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount rate
 
16.5%
 
16.5%
Total Financial Liabilities
$
93,223

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation Techniques
 
Unobservable Inputs
 
Ranges
 
Weighted Average
Financial Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
$
6,901

 
Third Party Pricing
 
N/A
 
N/A
 
N/A
89,469

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount Rate
 
15.0% - 16.0%
 
15.5%
Investments of consolidated VIEs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate loans/bonds/CLO notes
4,116

 
Third party pricing
 
N/A
 
N/A
 
N/A
Equity securities
291,871

 
Book value multiple
 
Book value multiple
 
0.65x
 
0.65x
 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount rate
 
15.2%
 
15.2%
Total investments of consolidated VIEs
295,987

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Financial Assets
$
392,357

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration obligation
$
74,487

 
Discounted cash flow
 
Discount rate
 
17.0%
 
17.0%
Total Financial Liabilities
$
74,487

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Fair Value Measurement of Investment in Athene Holding
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value of Apollo’s Level I investment in Athene Holding was calculated using the closing market price of Athene Holding shares of $43.06 and $39.83, respectively.
Discounted Cash Flow Model
When a discounted cash flow model is used to determine fair value, the significant input used in the valuation model is the discount rate applied to present value the projected cash flows. Increases in the discount rate can significantly lower the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations; conversely decreases in the discount rate can significantly increase the fair value of an investment and the contingent consideration obligations.
Consolidated VIEs
Investments
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the equity securities include the discount rate applied and the book value multiples applied in the valuation models. These unobservable inputs in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value. The discount rate is determined based on the market rates an investor would expect for a similar investment with similar risks. When a comparable multiple model is used to determine fair value, the comparable multiples are generally multiplied by the underlying companies’ earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) to establish the total enterprise value of the company. The comparable multiple is determined based on the implied trading multiple of public industry peers.
Liabilities
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the debt obligations of the consolidated CLOs were measured on the basis of the fair value of the financial assets of the CLOs as the financial assets were determined to be more observable and, as a result, categorized as Level II in the fair value hierarchy.
Contingent Consideration Obligations
The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is the discount rate applied in the valuation models. This input in isolation can cause significant increases or decreases in fair value. The discount rate was based on the hypothetical cost of equity in connection with the acquisition of Stone Tower. See note 15 for further discussion of the contingent consideration obligations.
Valuation of Underlying Investments of Equity Method Investees
As discussed previously, the underlying entities that the Company manages and invests in are primarily investment companies which account for their investments at estimated fair value.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

On a quarterly basis, Apollo utilizes valuation committees consisting of members from senior management, to review and approve the valuation results related to the investments of the funds it manages. For certain publicly traded vehicles managed by the Company, a review is performed by an independent board of directors. The Company also retains independent valuation firms to provide third-party valuation consulting services to Apollo, which consist of certain limited procedures that management identifies and requests them to perform. The limited procedures provided by the independent valuation firms assist management with validating their valuation results or determining fair value. The Company performs various back-testing procedures to validate their valuation approaches, including comparisons between expected and observed outcomes, forecast evaluations and variance analyses. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
Credit Investments
The majority of investments in Apollo’s credit funds are valued based on quoted market prices and valuation models. Quoted market prices are valued based on the average of the “bid” and the “ask” quotes provided by multiple brokers wherever possible without any adjustments. Apollo will designate certain brokers to use to value specific securities. In order to determine the designated brokers, Apollo considers the following: (i) brokers with which Apollo has previously transacted, (ii) the underwriter of the security and (iii) active brokers indicating executable quotes. In addition, when valuing a security based on broker quotes wherever possible Apollo tests the standard deviation amongst the quotes received and the variance between the concluded fair value and the value provided by a pricing service. When broker quotes are not available Apollo considers the use of pricing service quotes or other sources to mark a position. When relying on a pricing service as a primary source, Apollo (i) analyzes how the price has moved over the measurement period, (ii) reviews the number of brokers included in the pricing service’s population and (iii) validates the valuation levels with Apollo’s pricing team and traders.
Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing a model based approach to determine fair value. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid credit investments also may include the market approach and the income approach, as previously described above. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks.
Private Equity Investments
The majority of the illiquid investments within our private equity funds are valued using the market approach, which provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry.
Market Approach
The market approach is driven by current market conditions, including actual trading levels of similar companies and, to the extent available, actual transaction data of similar companies. Judgment is required by management when assessing which companies are similar to the subject company being valued. Consideration may also be given to any of the following factors: (1) the subject company’s historical and projected financial data; (2) valuations given to comparable companies; (3) the size and scope of the subject company’s operations; (4) the subject company’s individual strengths and weaknesses; (5) expectations relating to the market’s receptivity to an offering of the subject company’s securities; (6) applicable restrictions on transfer; (7) industry and market information; (8) general economic and market conditions; and (9) other factors deemed relevant. Market approach valuation models typically employ a multiple that is based on one or more of the factors described above. Enterprise value as a multiple of EBITDA is common and relevant for most companies and industries, however, other industry specific multiples are employed where available and appropriate. Sources for gaining additional knowledge related to comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. Once a comparable company set is determined, Apollo reviews certain aspects of the subject company’s performance and determines how its performance compares to the group and to certain individuals in the group. Apollo compares certain measurements such as EBITDA margins, revenue growth over certain time periods, leverage ratios and growth opportunities. In addition, Apollo compares our entry multiple and its relation to the comparable set at the time of acquisition to understand its relation to the comparable set on each measurement date.
Income Approach
For investments where the market approach does not provide adequate fair value information, Apollo relies on the income approach. The income approach is also used to validate the market approach within our private equity funds. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology for the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

the discounted cash flow method are significant assumptions related to the subject company’s expected results, the determination of a terminal value and a calculated discount rate, which is normally based on the subject company’s weighted average cost of capital, or “WACC.” The WACC represents the required rate of return on total capitalization, which is comprised of a required rate of return on equity, plus the current tax-effected rate of return on debt, weighted by the relative percentages of equity and debt that are typical in the industry. The most critical step in determining the appropriate WACC for each subject company is to select companies that are comparable in nature to the subject company and the credit quality of the subject company. Sources for gaining additional knowledge about the comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. The general formula then used for calculating the WACC considers the after-tax rate of return on debt capital and the rate of return on common equity capital, which further considers the risk-free rate of return, market beta, market risk premium and small stock premium, if applicable. The variables used in the WACC formula are inferred from the comparable market data obtained. The Company evaluates the comparable companies selected and concludes on WACC inputs based on the most comparable company or analyzes the range of data for the investment.
Debt securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing a model based approach to determine fair value. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of hybrid capital investments also may include the market approach and the income approach, as previously described above. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks.
The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic), is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the close price on the date of determination.
Real Assets Investments
The estimated fair value of commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) in Apollo’s real assets funds is determined by reference to market prices provided by certain dealers who make a market in these financial instruments. Broker quotes are only indicative of fair value and may not necessarily represent what the funds would receive in an actual trade for the applicable instrument. Additionally, the loans held-for-investment are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs for certain investments. The loans in Apollo’s real assets funds are evaluated for possible impairment on a quarterly basis. For Apollo’s real assets funds, valuations of non-marketable underlying investments are determined using methods that include, but are not limited to (i) discounted cash flow estimates or comparable analysis prepared internally, (ii) third party appraisals or valuations by qualified real estate appraisers and (iii) contractual sales value of investments/properties subject to bona fide purchase contracts. Methods (i) and (ii) also incorporate consideration of the use of the income, cost, or sales comparison approaches of estimating property values.
Certain of the credit, private equity, and real assets funds may also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, total return swap contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of the period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Total return swap and credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the total return or credit default swap contract and the original contract price. Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

7. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consisted of the following:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Fixed assets
$
115,321

 
$
109,039

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(93,523
)
 
(89,049
)
Fixed assets, net
21,798

 
19,990

Deferred equity-based compensation(1)
97,663

 
80,443

Prepaid expenses
52,356

 
49,648

Intangible assets, net
19,323

 
18,899

Tax receivables
22,201

 
10,464

Other
14,980

 
12,725

Total Other Assets
$
228,321

 
$
192,169


(1)
Deferred equity-based compensation relates to the value of equity-based awards that have been or are expected to be granted in connection with the settlement of certain profit sharing arrangements. A corresponding amount for awards expected to be granted of $75.3 million and $54.5 million, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, is included in other liabilities on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
Depreciation expense was $2.3 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $4.6 million and $4.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and is presented as a component of general, administrative and other expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
8. LEASES
Apollo has operating leases for office space, data centers, and certain equipment under various lease agreements.
The table below presents operating lease expenses:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Operating lease cost
$
10,295

 
$
9,307

 
$
19,288

 
$
18,492

The following table presents supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Operating cash flows for operating leases
$
10,246

 
$
7,334

 
$
19,630

 
$
16,603



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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

As of June 30, 2019, the Company’s total lease payments by maturity are presented in the following table:
 
Operating Leases
Remaining 2019
$
17,604

2020
20,690

2021
16,335

2022
12,131

2023
10,594

Thereafter
41,342

Total lease payments
$
118,696

Less imputed interest
(13,532
)
Present value of lease payments
$
105,164


The Company has undiscounted future operating lease payments of $413.4 million related to leases that have not commenced that were entered into as of and subsequent to June 30, 2019. Such lease payments are not yet included in the table above or the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as lease assets and lease liabilities. These operating leases are anticipated to commence between fiscal years 2019 and 2021 with lease terms of approximately 15 years.
Supplemental information related to leases is as follows:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)
7.5

Weighted average discount rate
3.3
%

As of December 31, 2018, the approximate aggregate minimum future payments required for operating leases under U.S. GAAP applicable to that period were as follows:
 
2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Aggregate minimum future payments
$
39,970

 
$
25,923

 
$
33,022

 
$
36,243

 
$
35,231

 
$
400,889

 
$
571,278


9. INCOME TAXES
The Company’s income tax provision totaled $16.9 million and $18.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $36.6 million and $27.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate was approximately 4.7% and 11.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 5.3% and 44.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Under U.S. GAAP, a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. Based upon the Company’s review of its federal, state, local and foreign income tax returns and tax filing positions, the Company determined that no unrecognized tax benefits for uncertain tax positions were required to be recorded. In addition, the Company does not believe that it has any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that it will be required to record significant amounts of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.
The primary jurisdictions in which the Company operates are the United States, New York State, New York City, California and the United Kingdom. There are no unremitted earnings with respect to the United Kingdom and other foreign entities due to the flow-through nature of these entities.
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by federal and certain state, local and foreign tax authorities. With a few exceptions, as of June 30, 2019, the Company’s U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income tax returns for the years 2015 through 2017 are open under the general statute of limitations provisions and therefore subject to examination. Currently, the Internal Revenue Service is examining the tax return of a subsidiary for the 2011 tax year. The State and City of New York are examining certain subsidiaries’ tax returns for tax years 2011 to 2013.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The Company has recorded a deferred tax asset for the future amortization of tax basis intangibles resulting from the 2007 Reorganization. The Company recorded additional deferred tax assets as a result of the step-up in tax basis of intangibles from subsequent exchanges of AOG Units for Class A shares. A related tax receivable agreement liability is recorded in due to related parties in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition for the expected payments under the tax receivable agreement entered into by and among APO Corp., the Managing Partners, the Contributing Partners, and other parties thereto (as amended, the “tax receivable agreement”) (see note 14). The benefit the Company obtains from the difference in the tax asset recognized and the related liability results in an increase to additional paid in capital. The amortization period for these tax basis intangibles is 15 years and the deferred tax assets will reverse over the same period.
The table below presents the impact to the deferred tax asset, tax receivable agreement liability and additional paid in capital related to the exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares.
Exchange of AOG Units
for Class A shares
 
Increase in Deferred Tax Asset
 
Increase in Tax Receivable Agreement Liability
 
Increase to Additional Paid In Capital
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
$
546

 
$
464

 
$
82

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
$
47,009

 
$
39,605

 
$
7,404


Conversion to a C Corporation
On May 2, 2019, the Company announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation. The conversion is expected to be effective during the third quarter of 2019. The details of the conversion remain subject to the approval of the conflicts committee of Apollo Global Management, LLC’s board of directors and certain required regulatory approvals.
10. DEBT
Debt consisted of the following:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Outstanding
Balance
 
Fair Value
 
Annualized
Weighted
Average
Interest Rate
 
Outstanding
Balance
 
Fair Value
 
Annualized
Weighted
Average
Interest Rate
2024 Senior Notes(1)
$
496,838

 
$
516,334

(4) 
4.00
%
 
$
496,512

 
$
498,736

(4) 
4.00
%
2026 Senior Notes(1)
496,448

 
525,958

(4) 
4.40

 
496,191

 
502,107

(4) 
4.40

2029 Senior Notes(1)
674,799

 
727,144

(4) 
4.87

 

 

 

2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes(1)
315,628

 
329,229

(5) 
4.77

 

 

 

2048 Senior Notes(1)
296,448

 
316,873

(4) 
5.00

 
296,386

 
290,714

(4) 
5.00

2014 AMI Term Facility I(2)
15,507

 
15,507

(3) 
2.00

 
15,633

 
15,633

(3) 
2.00

2014 AMI Term Facility II(2)
17,514

 
17,514

(3) 
1.75

 
17,657

 
17,657

(3) 
1.75

2016 AMI Term Facility I(2)
19,186

 
19,186

(3) 
1.30

 
19,371

 
19,371

(3) 
1.32

2016 AMI Term Facility II(2)
18,547

 
18,547

(3) 
1.40

 
18,698

 
18,698

(3) 
1.70

Total Debt
$
2,350,915

 
$
2,486,292

 
 
 
$
1,360,448

 
$
1,362,916

 
 
 
(1)
Includes amortization of note discount, as applicable. Outstanding balance is presented net of unamortized debt issuance costs:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
As of December 31, 2018
2024 Senior Notes
$
2,670

 
$
2,946

2026 Senior Notes
3,248

 
3,483

2029 Senior Notes
6,165

 

2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes
9,372

 

2048 Senior Notes
3,242

 
3,298


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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

(2)
Apollo Management International LLP (“AMI”), a subsidiary of the Company, entered into several five year credit facilities (collectively referred to as the “AMI Facilities”) to fund the Company’s investment in certain European CLOs it manages:
Facility
 
Date
 
Loan Amount
2014 AMI Term Facility I
 
July 3, 2014
 
13,636

2014 AMI Term Facility II
 
December 9, 2014
 
15,400

2016 AMI Term Facility I
 
January 18, 2016
 
16,870

2016 AMI Term Facility II
 
June 22, 2016
 
16,308

(3)
Fair value is based on obtained broker quotes. These notes are classified as a Level III liability within the fair value hierarchy based on the number and quality of broker quotes obtained, the standard deviations of the observed broker quotes and the percentage deviation from independent pricing services. For instances where broker quotes are not available, a discounted cash flow method is used to obtain a fair value.
(4)
Fair value is based on obtained broker quotes. These notes are classified as a Level II liability within the fair value hierarchy based on the number and quality of broker quotes obtained, the standard deviations of the observed broker quotes and the percentage deviation from independent pricing services.
(5)
Fair value is based on a discounted cash flow method. These notes are classified as a Level III liability within the fair value hierarchy.
2013 AMH Credit Facilities—On December 18, 2013, AMH and its subsidiaries and certain other subsidiaries of the Company entered into credit facilities (the “2013 AMH Credit Facilities”) with the lenders and issuing banks party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent for the lenders. The 2013 AMH Credit Facilities provided for (i) a term loan facility to AMH (the “Term Facility”) that included $750 million of term loan from third-party lenders and $271.7 million of term loan held by a subsidiary of the Company and (ii) a $500 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolver Facility”), in each case, with an original maturity date of January 18, 2019. On March 11, 2016, the maturity date of both the Term Facility and the Revolver Facility was extended by two years to January 18, 2021. The extension was determined to be a modification of the 2013 AMH Credit Facilities in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
In connection with the issuance of the 2024 Senior Notes, the 2026 Senior Notes and the 2048 Senior Notes (as described below), $250 million, $200 million and $300 million of the proceeds, respectively, were used to repay the entire remaining amount of both the term loan from third-party lenders and the term loan held by a subsidiary of the Company as of March 15, 2018. The Revolver Facility was replaced as of July 11, 2018 by the 2018 AMH Credit Facility, as described below. The 2013 AMH Credit Facilities and all related loan documents were terminated as of July 11, 2018.
2018 AMH Credit Facility—On July 11, 2018, AMH as borrower (the “Borrower”) entered into a new credit agreement (the “2018 AMH Credit Facility”) with the lenders and issuing banks party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent for the lenders. The 2018 AMH Credit Facility provides for a $750 million revolving credit facility to the Borrower with a final maturity date of July 11, 2023. The 2018 AMH Credit Facility is to remain available until its maturity, and any undrawn revolving commitments bear a commitment fee. The interest rate on the 2018 AMH Credit Facility is based on adjusted LIBOR and the applicable margin as of June 30, 2019 was 1.00%. The commitment fee on the $750 million undrawn 2018 AMH Credit Facility as of June 30, 2019 was 0.09%.
Borrowings under the 2018 AMH Credit Facility may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, including, without limitation, permitted acquisitions. The Borrower may incur incremental facilities in respect of the 2018 AMH Credit Facility in an aggregate amount not to exceed $250 million plus additional amounts so long as the Borrower is in compliance with a net leverage ratio not to exceed 4.00 to 1.00. As of June 30, 2019, the 2018 AMH Credit Facility was undrawn.
2024 Senior Notes—On May 30, 2014, AMH issued $500 million in aggregate principal amount of its 4.000% Senior Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Senior Notes”), at an issue price of 99.722% of par. Interest on the 2024 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 30 and November 30 of each year. The 2024 Senior Notes will mature on May 30, 2024. The discount is amortized into interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations over the term of the 2024 Senior Notes. The Company is obligated to settle the 2024 Senior Notes for the face amount of $500 million.
2026 Senior Notes—On May 27, 2016, AMH issued $500 million in aggregate principal amount of its 4.400% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Senior Notes”), at an issue price of 99.912% of par. Interest on the 2026 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 27 and November 27 of each year. The 2026 Senior Notes will mature on May 27, 2026. The discount is amortized into interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations over the term of the 2026 Senior Notes. The Company is obligated to settle the 2026 Senior Notes for the face amount of $500 million.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

2029 Senior Notes—On February 7, 2019, AMH issued $550 million in aggregate principal amount of its 4.872% Senior Notes due 2029 , at an issue price of 99.999% of par. On June 11, 2019, AMH issued an additional $125 million in aggregate principal amount of its 4.872% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Additional Notes”). The Additional Notes constitute a single class of securities with the previously issued senior notes due 2029 (collectively, the “2029 Senior Notes”). Interest on the 2029 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year. The 2029 Senior Notes will mature on February 15, 2029. The discount is amortized into interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations over the term of the 2029 Senior Notes. The Company is obligated to settle the 2029 Senior Notes for the face amount of $675 million.
2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes—On June 10, 2019, APH Finance 1, LLC (the “Issuer”), a subsidiary of the Company, issued $325 million in aggregate principal amount of its 4.77% Series A Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes due 2039 (the “2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes”). The 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes are secured by a lien on the Issuer’s and the guarantors’ participation interests in the rights to distributions in relation to a portfolio of equity investments owned by affiliates of the Company in certain existing and future funds managed or advised by subsidiaries of the Company. Interest on the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes is payable on a quarterly basis. The 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes will mature in June 2039, but, unless prepaid to the extent permitted under the indenture governing the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes, the anticipated repayment date will be in June 2029. If the Issuer has not repaid or refinanced the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes prior to the anticipated repayment date an additional 5.0% per annum will accrue on the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes. The issuance costs are amortized into interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations over the expected term of the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes. The Company is obligated to settle the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes for the face amount of $325 million.
2048 Senior Notes—On March 15, 2018, AMH issued $300 million in aggregate principal amount of its 5.000% Senior Notes due 2048 (the “2048 Senior Notes”), at an issue price of 99.892% of par. Interest on the 2048 Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year. The 2048 Senior Notes will mature on March 15, 2048. The discount is amortized into interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations over the term of the 2048 Senior Notes. The Company is obligated to settle the 2048 Senior Notes for the face amount of $300 million.
As of June 30, 2019, the indentures governing the 2024 Senior Notes, the 2026 Senior Notes, the 2029 Senior Notes and the 2048 Senior Notes (the “Indentures”) include covenants that restrict the ability of AMH and, as applicable, the guarantors of the notes under the Indentures to incur indebtedness secured by liens on voting stock or profit participating equity interests of their respective subsidiaries, or merge, consolidate or sell, transfer or lease assets. The Indentures also provide for customary events of default.
As of June 30, 2019, the indenture governing the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes includes a series of covenants and restrictions customary for transactions of this type, including covenants that (i) require the Issuer to maintain specified reserve accounts to be used to make required payments in respect of the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes, (ii) relate to prepayments and related payments of specified amounts, including specified make-whole payments under certain circumstances and (iii) relate to recordkeeping, access to information and similar matters.
The following table presents the interest expense incurred related to the Company’s debt:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Interest Expense:(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2013 AMH Credit Facilities
$

 
$
280

 
$

 
$
2,244

2018 AMH Credit Facility
315

 

 
627

 

2024 Senior Notes
5,163

 
5,163

 
10,326

 
10,326

2026 Senior Notes
5,628

 
5,628

 
11,256

 
11,256

2029 Senior Notes
7,187

 

 
11,102

 

2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes
959

 

 
959

 

2048 Senior Notes
3,781

 
3,778

 
7,562

 
4,445

AMI Term Facilities
269

 
313

 
578

 
688

Total Interest Expense
$
23,302

 
$
15,162

 
$
42,410

 
$
28,959


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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

(1)
Debt issuance costs incurred in connection with the 2013 AMH Credit Facilities, the 2018 AMH Credit Facility, the 2024 Senior Notes, the 2026 Senior Notes, the 2029 Senior Notes, the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes and the 2048 Senior Notes are amortized into interest expense over the term of the debt arrangement.
11. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER CLASS A SHARE
The table below presents basic and diluted net income per Class A share using the two-class method:
 
Basic and Diluted
 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
Numerator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC Class A Shareholders
$
155,659

  
$
54,658

 
$
295,552

 
$
(7,987
)
 
Distributions declared on Class A shares(1)
(92,201
)
 
(76,602
)
 
(205,546
)
 
(209,625
)
 
Distributions on participating securities(2)
(4,115
)
 
(4,153
)
 
(9,074
)
 
(9,537
)
 
Earnings allocable to participating securities
(2,848
)
 

(3) 
(4,030
)
 

(3) 
Undistributed income (loss) attributable to Class A shareholders: Basic and Diluted
$
56,495

  
$
(26,097
)
 
$
76,902

 
$
(227,149
)
 
Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of Class A shares outstanding: Basic and Diluted
199,578,950

 
200,711,475

 
200,202,174

 
199,578,334

 
Net Income per Class A Share: Basic and Diluted(4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Distributed Income
$
0.46

  
$
0.38

 
$
1.02

 
$
1.04

 
Undistributed Income (Loss)
0.29

  
(0.13
)
 
0.39

 
(1.13
)
 
Net Income (Loss) per Class A Share: Basic and Diluted
$
0.75

  
$
0.25

 
$
1.41

  
$
(0.09
)
 
(1)
See note 13 for information regarding the quarterly distributions declared and paid during 2019 and 2018.
(2)
Participating securities consist of vested and unvested RSUs that have rights to distributions and unvested restricted shares.
(3)
No allocation of undistributed losses was made to the participating securities as the holders do not have a contractual obligation to share in the losses of the Company with Class A shareholders.
(4)
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, all of the classes of securities were determined to be anti-dilutive.
The Company has granted RSUs that provide the right to receive, subject to vesting during continued employment, Class A shares pursuant to the Equity Plan. The Company has three types of RSU grants, which we refer to as Plan Grants, Bonus Grants and Performance Grants. “Plan Grants” vest over time (generally one to six years) and may or may not provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on vested RSUs on an equal basis with the Class A shareholders any time a distribution is declared. “Bonus Grants” vest over time (generally three years) and generally provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on both vested and unvested RSUs on an equal basis with the Class A shareholders any time a distribution is declared. “Performance Grants” generally vest over time (three to five years), subject to the Company’s receipt of performance revenues, within prescribed periods, sufficient to cover the associated equity-based compensation expense. Performance Grants provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on vested RSUs and may also provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on unvested RSUs.
Any distribution equivalent paid to an employee will not be returned to the Company upon forfeiture of the award by the employee. Vested and unvested RSUs that are entitled to non-forfeitable distribution equivalents qualify as participating securities and are included in the Company’s basic and diluted earnings per share computations using the two-class method. The holder of an RSU participating security would have a contractual obligation to share in the losses of the entity if the holder is obligated to fund the losses of the issuing entity or if the contractual principal or mandatory redemption amount of the participating security is reduced as a result of losses incurred by the issuing entity. The RSU participating securities do not have a mandatory redemption amount and the holders of the participating securities are not obligated to fund losses, therefore, neither the vested RSUs nor the unvested RSUs are subject to any contractual obligation to share in losses of the Company.
Holders of AOG Units are subject to the transfer restrictions set forth in the agreements with the respective holders and may, a limited number of times each year, upon notice (subject to the terms of an exchange agreement), exchange their AOG

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Units for Class A shares on a one-for-one basis. An AOG Unit holder must exchange one unit in each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effectuate an exchange for one Class A share.
Apollo Global Management, LLC has one Class B share outstanding, which is held by BRH Holdings GP, Ltd. (“BRH”). The voting power of the Class B share is reduced on a one vote per one AOG Unit basis in the event of an exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares, as discussed above. The Class B share has no net income (loss) per share as it does not participate in Apollo’s earnings (losses) or distributions. The Class B share has no distribution or liquidation rights. The Class B share has voting rights on a pari passu basis with the Class A shares. The Class B share represented 52.2% and 52.4% of the total voting power of the Company’s shares entitled to vote as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
The following table summarizes the anti-dilutive securities.
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Weighted average vested RSUs
137,573

 
111,995

 
740,021

 
641,282

Weighted average unvested RSUs
8,939,599

 
8,350,200

 
8,744,646

 
8,085,325

Weighted average unexercised options
204,167

 
204,167

 
204,167

 
204,167

Weighted average AOG Units outstanding
202,245,561

 
202,559,221

 
202,266,384

 
203,562,398

Weighted average unvested restricted shares
984,792

 
871,010

 
1,007,667

 
770,400


12. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION
Equity-based awards granted to employees and non-employees as compensation are measured based on the grant date fair value of the award. Equity-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Equity-based employee awards that require future service are expensed over the relevant service period. Equity-based awards that require performance metrics to be met are expensed only when the performance metric is met or deemed probable.
RSUs
The Company grants RSUs under the Equity Plan. The fair value of all grants is based on the grant date fair value, which considers the public share price of the Company’s Class A shares subject to certain discounts, as applicable.
The estimated total grant date fair value for Plan Grants and Bonus Grants is charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, which for Plan Grants is generally one to six years, with the first installment vesting one year after grant and quarterly vesting thereafter, and for Bonus Grants is generally annual vesting over three years.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company awarded Performance Grants of 1.2 million RSUs to certain employees with a grant date fair value of $25.4 million, which vest over time (generally 3 to 5 years) subject to the receipt of performance revenues, within prescribed periods, sufficient to cover the associated equity-based compensation expense. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, equity-based compensation expense for these and other Performance Grants will be recognized on an accelerated recognition method over the requisite service period to the extent the performance revenue metrics are met or deemed probable. The following table summarizes the equity based compensation expense recognized relating to Performance Grants.
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Equity-based compensation
14,548

 
14,504

 
29,131

 
26,948


Additionally, the Company entered into an agreement in 2018 with several employees under which it expects to grant them RSUs beginning in 2020 if year-over-year growth in certain discretionary earnings metrics is attained prior to grant and they remain employed at the grant date. Once granted, these RSUs will vest based on both continued service and the Company’s receipt of performance revenues, within prescribed periods, sufficient to cover the associated equity-based compensation expense. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, equity-based compensation expense for such awards, if and when granted, will be recognized on an accelerated recognition method over the requisite service period to the extent the performance revenue metrics are met or deemed

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

probable. No equity-based compensation expense was recognized related to these RSUs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.
The fair value of all RSU grants made during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was $97.6 million and $198.6 million, respectively.
The following table presents the actual forfeiture rates and equity-based compensation expense recognized:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Actual forfeiture rate
0.7
%
 
3.7
%
 
1.2
%
 
7.8
%
Equity-based compensation
$
34,185

 
$
31,630

 
$
67,938

 
$
62,377

The following table summarizes RSU activity:
 
Unvested
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
Vested
 
Total Number of RSUs Outstanding
 
Balance at January 1, 2019
9,839,968

 
$
26.52

 
2,380,783

 
12,220,751

(1) 
Granted
3,994,718

 
24.44

 

 
3,994,718

 
Forfeited
(147,008
)
 
26.13

 
(18,524
)
 
(165,532
)
 
Vested
(1,716,439
)
 
28.28

 
1,716,439

 

 
Issued

 
23.88

 
(3,808,972
)
 
(3,808,972
)
 
Balance at June 30, 2019
11,971,239

(2)
$
25.58

 
269,726

 
12,240,965

(1) 
 
(1)
Amount excludes RSUs which have vested and have been issued in the form of Class A shares.
(2)
RSUs were expected to vest over the weighted average period of 3.2 years.
Restricted Share Awards—Athene Holding
The Company has granted Athene Holding restricted share awards to certain employees of the Company. Separately, Athene Holding has also granted restricted share awards to certain employees of the Company. Both awards are collectively referred to as the “AHL Awards.” Certain of the AHL Awards function similarly to options as they are exchangeable for Class A shares of Athene Holding upon payment of a conversion price and the satisfaction of certain other conditions. The awards granted are either subject to time-based vesting conditions that generally vest over three to five years or vest upon achieving certain metrics, such as attainment of certain rates of return and realized cash received by certain investors in Athene Holding upon sale of their shares.
The Company records the AHL Awards in other assets and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The fair value of the asset is amortized through equity-based compensation over the vesting period. The fair value of the liability is remeasured each period, with any changes in fair value recorded in compensation expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For AHL Awards granted by Athene Holding, compensation expense related to amortization of the asset is offset, with certain exceptions, by related management fees earned by the Company from Athene.
The grant date fair value of the AHL Awards is based on the share price of Athene Holding, less discounts for transfer restrictions, and has been categorized as Level II within the fair value hierarchy as a result. The AHL Awards that function similarly to options were valued using a multiple-scenario model, which considers the price volatility of the underlying share price of Athene Holding, time to expiration and the risk-free rate, while the other awards were valued using the share price of Athene Holding less any discounts for transfer restrictions.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following table summarizes the management fees, equity-based compensation expense and actual forfeiture rates for the AHL Awards:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Management fees
$
354

 
$
(1,009
)
 
$
542

 
$
(1,887
)
Equity-based compensation
961

 
(1,353
)
 
1,716

 
(2,273
)
Actual forfeiture rate
%
 
3.6
%
 
%
 
3.6
%

Equity-Based Compensation Allocation
Equity-based compensation is allocated based on ownership interests. Therefore, the amortization of equity-based compensation is allocated to shareholders’ equity attributable to AGM and the Non-Controlling Interests, which results in a difference in the amounts charged to equity-based compensation expense and the amounts credited to shareholders’ equity attributable to AGM in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC:
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Total Amount
 
Non-Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group
 
Allocated to Non-Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group(1)
 
Allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC
RSUs, share options and restricted share awards
$
76,104

 
%
 
$

 
$
76,104

AHL Awards
1,716

 
50.2

 
862

 
854

Other equity-based compensation awards
11,919

 
50.2

 
5,986

 
5,933

Total equity-based compensation
$
89,739

 
 
 
6,848

 
82,891

Less other equity-based compensation awards(2)
 
 
 
 
(6,848
)
 
(14,569
)
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation
 
 
 
 
$

 
$
68,322

 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Total Amount
 
Non-Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group
 
Allocated to Non-Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group(1)
 
Allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC
RSUs, share options and restricted share awards
$
67,581

 
%
 
$

 
$
67,581

AHL Awards
(2,273
)
 
50.1

 
(1,139
)
 
(1,134
)
Other equity-based compensation awards
8,001

 
50.1

 
4,010

 
3,991

Total equity-based compensation
$
73,309

 
 
 
2,871

 
70,438

Less other equity-based compensation awards(2)
 
 
 
 
(2,871
)
 
(13,373
)
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation
 
 
 
 
$

 
$
57,065


(1)
Calculated based on average ownership percentage for the period considering Class A share issuances during the period.
(2)
Includes equity-based compensation reimbursable by certain funds.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

13. EQUITY
Class A Shares
Class A shares represent limited liability company interests in the Company. Holders of Class A shares are entitled to participate in distributions from the Company on a pro rata basis. Class A shareholders do not elect the Company’s manager or the manager’s executive committee and have limited voting rights.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company issued Class A shares in settlement of vested RSUs. The Company has generally allowed holders of vested RSUs and exercised share options to settle their tax liabilities by reducing the number of Class A shares issued to them, which the Company refers to as “net share settlement.” Additionally, the Company has generally allowed holders of share options to settle their exercise price by reducing the number of Class A shares issued to them at the time of exercise by an amount sufficient to cover the exercise price. The net share settlement results in a liability for the Company and a corresponding accumulated deficit adjustment.
In February 2016, Apollo announced its adoption of a program to repurchase up to $250 million in the aggregate of its Class A shares, including up to $150 million in the aggregate of its outstanding Class A shares through a share repurchase program and up to $100 million through net share settlement of equity-based awards granted under the Equity Plan. In January 2019, Apollo increased its authorized share repurchase amount by $250 million bringing the total authorized repurchase amount to $500 million, which may be used to repurchase outstanding Class A shares as well as to reduce Class A shares to be issued to employees to satisfy associated tax obligations in connection withe the settlement of equity-based awards granted under the the Equity Plan (or any successor equity plan thereto). Class A shares may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions, pursuant to a trading plan adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise, with the size and timing of these repurchases depending on legal requirements, price, market and economic conditions and other factors. Apollo is not obligated under the terms of the program to repurchase any of its Class A shares. The repurchase program has no expiration date and may be suspended or terminated by the Company at any time without prior notice. Class A shares repurchased as part of this program will be canceled by the Company.
The table below summarizes the issuance of Class A shares for equity-based awards:
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Class A shares issued in settlement of vested RSUs and share options exercised(1)
3,808,972

 
3,192,534

Reduction of Class A shares issued(2)
(1,446,436
)
 
(1,042,757
)
Class A shares purchased related to share issuances and forfeitures(3)
(103,954
)
 
(163,165
)
Issuance of Class A shares for equity-based awards
2,258,582

 
1,986,612

(1)
The gross value of shares issued was $116.5 million and $106.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, based on the closing price of a Class A share at the time of issuance.
(2)
Cash paid for tax liabilities associated with net share settlement was $44.3 million and $34.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(3)
Certain Apollo employees receive a portion of the profit sharing proceeds of certain funds in the form of (a) restricted Class A shares of AGM that they are required to purchase with such proceeds or (b) RSUs, in each case which equity-based awards generally vest over three years. These equity-based awards are granted under the Company's Equity Plan. To prevent dilution on account of these awards, Apollo may, in its discretion, repurchase Class A shares on the open market and retire them. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we issued 136,686 and 569,452 of such restricted shares and 102,089 and 69,287 of such RSUs under the Equity Plan, respectively, and repurchased 238,775 and 720,215 Class A shares in open-market transactions not pursuant to a publicly-announced repurchase plan or program, respectively. In addition, there were 1,865 and 12,402 restricted shares forfeited during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, 3,337,239 and 849,785 Class A shares were repurchased in open market transactions as part of the publicly announced share repurchase program adopted in February 2016, respectively, and such shares were subsequently canceled by the Company. The Company paid $98.6 million and $28.7 million for these open market share repurchases during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Preferred Share Issuance
On March 7, 2017, Apollo issued 11,000,000 6.375% Series A Preferred shares (the “Series A Preferred shares”) for gross proceeds of $275.0 million, or $264.4 million net of issuance costs and on March 19, 2018, Apollo issued 12,000,000 6.375% Series B Preferred shares (the “Series B Preferred shares” and collectively with the Series A Preferred shares, the “Preferred shares”) for gross proceeds of $300.0 million, or $289.8 million net of issuance costs. When, as and if declared by the manager of Apollo, distributions on the Preferred shares will be payable quarterly on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on June 15, 2018 for the Series B Preferred shares, at a rate per annum equal to 6.375%. Distributions on the Preferred shares are discretionary and non-cumulative. During 2019, quarterly cash distributions were $0.398438 per Series A Preferred share and Series B Preferred share.
Subject to certain exceptions, unless distributions have been declared and paid or declared and set apart for payment on the Preferred shares for a quarterly distribution period, during the remainder of that distribution period Apollo may not declare or pay or set apart payment for distributions on any Class A shares or any other equity securities that the Company may issue in the future ranking as to the payment of distributions, junior to the Preferred shares (“Junior Shares”) and Apollo may not repurchase any Junior Shares. These restrictions were not applicable during the initial distribution period, which was the period from March 19, 2018 to but excluding June 15, 2018 for the Series B Preferred shares.
The Series A Preferred shares and the Series B Preferred shares may be redeemed at Apollo’s option, in whole or in part, at any time on or after March 15, 2022 and March 15, 2023, respectively, at a price of $25.00 per Preferred share, plus declared and unpaid distributions to, but excluding, the redemption date, without payment of any undeclared distributions. Holders of the Preferred shares will have no right to require the redemption of the Preferred shares and there is no maturity date.
If a certain change of control event or a certain tax redemption event occurs prior to March 15, 2022 and March 15, 2023 for the Series A Preferred shares and the Series B Preferred shares, respectively, the Preferred shares may be redeemed at Apollo’s option, in whole but not in part, upon at least 30 days’ notice, within 60 days of the occurrence of such change of control event or such tax redemption event, as applicable, at a price of $25.25 per Preferred share, plus declared and unpaid distributions to, but excluding, the redemption date, without payment of any undeclared distributions. If a certain rating agency event occurs prior to March 15, 2023, the Series B Preferred shares may be redeemed at Apollo’s option, in whole but not in part, upon at least 30 days’ notice, within 60 days of the occurrence of such rating agency event, at a price of $25.50 per Series B Preferred share, plus declared and unpaid distributions to, but excluding, the redemption date, without payment of any undeclared distributions. If (i) a change of control event occurs (whether before, on or after March 15, 2022 and March 15, 2023 for the Series A Preferred shares and the Series B Preferred shares, respectively) and (ii) Apollo does not give notice prior to the 31st day following the change of control event to redeem all the outstanding Preferred shares, the distribution rate per annum on the Preferred shares will increase by 5.00%, beginning on the 31st day following such change of control event.
The Preferred shares are not convertible into Class A shares and have no voting rights, except in limited circumstances as provided in the Company’s limited liability company agreement. In connection with the issuance of the Preferred shares, certain Apollo Operating Group entities issued for the benefit of Apollo a series of preferred units with economic terms that mirror those of the Preferred shares.
Distributions
The table below presents information regarding the quarterly distributions which were made at the sole discretion of the manager of the Company (in millions, except per share data). Certain subsidiaries of AGM may be subject to U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income taxes at the entity level and may pay taxes and/or make payments under the tax receivable agreement in a given fiscal year; therefore, the net amounts ultimately distributed by AGM to its Class A shareholders in respect of each fiscal year are generally expected to be less than the net amounts distributed to AOG Unitholders.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Distribution Declaration Date
 
Distribution per Class A Share
 
Distribution Payment Date
 
Distribution to Class A Shareholders
 
Distribution to Non-Controlling Interest Holders in the Apollo Operating Group
 
Total Distributions from Apollo Operating Group
 
Distribution Equivalents on Participating Securities
February 1, 2018
 
$
0.66

 
February 28, 2018
 
$
133.0

 
$
133.7

 
$
266.7

 
$
5.4

April 12, 2018
 

 
April 12, 2018
 

 
50.5

(1) 
50.5

 

May 3, 2018
 
0.38

 
May 31, 2018
 
76.6

 
77.0

 
153.6

 
4.1

August 2, 2018
 
0.43

 
August 31, 2018
 
86.5

 
87.1

 
173.6

 
4.2

November 1, 2018
 
0.46

 
November 30, 2018
 
92.6

 
93.0

 
185.6

 
4.4

For the year ended December 31, 2018
 
$
1.93

 
 
 
$
388.7

 
$
441.3

 
$
830.0

 
$
18.1

January 31, 2019
 
$
0.56

 
February 28, 2019
 
$
113.3

 
$
113.3

 
$
226.6

 
$
5.0

April 12, 2019
 

 
April 12, 2019
 

 
45.4

(1) 
45.4

 

May 2, 2019
 
0.46

 
May 31, 2019
 
92.2

 
93.0

 
185.2

 
4.1

For the six months ended June 30, 2019
 
$
1.02

 
 
 
$
205.5

 
$
251.7

 
$
457.2

 
$
9.1


(1)
On April 12, 2018 and April 12, 2019, the Company made a $0.25 and $0.18 per AOG Unit pro rata distribution, respectively, to the Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group, in connection with taxes and payments made under the tax receivable agreement. See note 14 for more information regarding the tax receivable agreement. On April 12, 2019, the Company made a $0.04 per AOG Unit pro rata distribution to the Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group, in connection with federal corporate estimated tax payments.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

Non-Controlling Interests
The table below presents equity interests in Apollo’s consolidated, but not wholly-owned, subsidiaries and funds. Net income and comprehensive income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests consisted of the following: 
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest in management companies and a co-investment vehicle(1)
$
865

 
$
1,714

 
$
2,026

 
$
3,109

Other consolidated entities
4,278

 
7,002

 
11,779

 
11,586

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
$
5,143

 
$
8,716

 
$
13,805

 
$
14,695

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
342,161

 
$
143,810

 
$
657,728

 
$
34,462

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
(5,143
)
 
(8,716
)
 
(13,805
)
 
(14,695
)
Net income after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
337,018

 
135,094

 
643,923

 
19,767

Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax provision(2)
16,897

 
18,924

 
36,551

 
27,504

NYC UBT and foreign tax benefit(3)
(2,325
)
 
(2,631
)
 
(4,373
)
 
(4,187
)
Net loss in non-Apollo Operating Group entities
531

 
189

 
546

 
275

Net income attributable to Series A Preferred Shareholders
(4,383
)
 
(4,383
)
 
(8,766
)
 
(8,766
)
Net income attributable to Series B Preferred Shareholders
(4,781
)
 
(4,569
)
 
(9,562
)
 
(4,569
)
Total adjustments
5,939

 
7,530

 
14,396

 
10,257

Net income after adjustments
342,957

 
142,624

 
658,319

 
30,024

Weighted average ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group
50.2
%
 
50.1
%
 
50.1
%
 
50.4
%
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group
$
172,195

 
$
71,484

 
$
330,043

 
$
14,419

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
$
177,338

 
$
80,200

 
$
343,848

 
$
29,114

Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
3,352

 
(15,741
)
 
(3,054
)
 
(11,729
)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
$
180,690

 
$
64,459

 
$
340,794

 
$
17,385

(1)
Reflects the remaining interest held by certain individuals who receive an allocation of income from certain of the credit funds managed by Apollo.
(2)
Reflects all taxes recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. federal, state, and local corporate income taxes attributable to APO Corp. are added back to income of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interests as the income allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes.
(3)
Reflects New York City Unincorporated Business Tax (“NYC UBT”) and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to its operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non-U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income attributable to the Apollo Operating Group.
14. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND INTERESTS IN CONSOLIDATED ENTITIES
Management fees, transaction and advisory fees and reimbursable expenses from the funds the Company manages and their portfolio companies are included in due from related parties in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The Company also typically facilitates the payment of certain operating costs incurred by the funds that it manages as well as their related parties. These costs are normally reimbursed by such funds and are included in due from related parties. Other related party transactions include loans to employees and periodic sales of ownership interests in Apollo funds to employees. Due from related parties and due to related parties are comprised of the following:

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Due from Related Parties:
 
 
 
Due from credit funds
$
196,748

 
$
153,687

Due from private equity funds
22,185

 
19,993

Due from real assets funds
45,289

 
42,471

Due from portfolio companies
79,675

 
67,740

Due from Contributing Partners, employees and former employees
105,270

 
94,217

Total Due from Related Parties
$
449,167

 
$
378,108

Due to Related Parties:
 
 
 
Due to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
$
248,827

 
$
285,598

Due to credit funds
3,590

 
3,444

Due to private equity funds
148,361

 
136,078

Due to real assets funds
853

 
315

Total Due to Related Parties
$
401,631

 
$
425,435


Tax Receivable Agreement
Subject to certain restrictions, each of the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners has the right to exchange his vested AOG Units for the Company’s Class A shares. Certain Apollo Operating Group entities have made an election under Section 754 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), which will result in an adjustment to the tax basis of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. These exchanges will result in increases in tax deductions that will reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future.
The tax receivable agreement provides for the payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income taxes that APO Corp. would realize as a result of the increases in tax basis of assets that resulted from the 2007 Reorganization and exchanges of AOG Units for Class A shares. APO Corp. retains the benefit from the remaining 15% of actual cash tax savings. If the Company does not make the required annual payment on a timely basis as outlined in the tax receivable agreement, interest is accrued on the balance until the payment date.
As a result of the exchanges of AOG Units for Class A shares during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, a $0.5 million and $39.6 million liability was recorded, respectively, to estimate the amount of the future expected payments to be made by APO Corp. to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners pursuant to the tax receivable agreement.
In April 2019, Apollo made a $37.2 million cash payment pursuant to the tax receivable agreement resulting from the realized tax benefit for the 2018 tax year. Additionally, in connection with this payment, the Company made a corresponding pro rata distribution of $37.4 million ($0.18 per AOG Unit) to the Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group. In April 2018, Apollo made a $50.3 million cash payment pursuant to the tax receivable agreement resulting from the realized tax benefit for the 2017 tax year. Additionally, in connection with this payment, the Company made a corresponding pro rata distribution of $50.5 million ($0.25 per AOG Unit) to the Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
Due from Contributing Partners, Employees and Former Employees
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, due from Contributing Partners, Employees and Former Employees includes various amounts due to the Company including employee loans and return of profit sharing distributions. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the balance included interest-bearing employee loans receivable of $16.9 million and $16.8 million, respectively. The outstanding principal amount of the loans as well as all accrued and unpaid interest is required to be repaid at the earlier of the eighth anniversary of the date of the relevant loan or at the date of the relevant employee’s resignation from the Company.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The Company recorded a receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees and former employees for the potential return of profit sharing distributions that would be due if certain funds were liquidated as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 of $72.9 million and $66.3 million, respectively.
Indemnity
Performance revenues from certain funds can be distributed to the Company on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiaries of the Apollo Operating Group that act as general partners of the funds in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, subject to certain limitations, the obligations of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular Managing Partner’s or Contributing Partner’s distributions. Pursuant to an existing shareholders agreement, the Company has agreed to indemnify each of the Company’s Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of certain funds that the Company manages (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that the Company’s Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that the Company’s Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made distributions with respect to Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI, the Company will be obligated to reimburse the Company’s Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though the Company did not receive the certain distribution to which that general partner obligation related. The Company recorded an indemnification liability of $12.7 million and $12.2 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Due to Credit, Private Equity and Real Assets Funds
Based upon an assumed liquidation of certain of the credit, private equity and real assets funds the Company manages, the Company has recorded a general partner obligation to return previously distributed performance allocations, which represents amounts due to these funds. The general partner obligation is recognized based upon an assumed liquidation of a fund’s net assets as of the reporting date. The actual determination and any required payment of any such general partner obligation would not take place until the final disposition of a fund’s investments based on the contractual termination of the fund or as otherwise set forth in the respective limited partnership agreement or other governing document of the fund.
The following table presents the general partner obligation to return previously distributed performance allocations related to certain funds by segment:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Credit
$
327

 
$
1,370

Private Equity
147,052

 
135,723

Real Assets
516

 

Total general partner obligation
$
147,895

 
$
137,093


Athene
Athene Holding was founded in 2009 to capitalize on favorable market conditions in the dislocated life insurance sector. Athene Holding, through its subsidiaries, is a leading retirement services company that issues, reinsures and acquires retirement savings products designed for the increasing number of individuals and institutions seeking to fund retirement needs. The products and services offered by Athene include fixed and fixed indexed annuity products, reinsurance services offered to third-party annuity providers; and institutional products, such as funding agreements. Athene Holding became an effective registrant under the Exchange Act on December 9, 2016. Athene Holding is currently listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ATH”.
The Company provides asset management and advisory services to Athene, including asset allocation services, direct asset management services, asset and liability matching management, mergers and acquisitions, asset diligence hedging and other asset management services. On September 20, 2018, Athene and Apollo agreed to revise the existing fee arrangements (the “amended fee agreement”) between Athene and Apollo. The amended fee agreement was subject to approval by Athene’s shareholders of a

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

bye-law amendment providing that Athene will not elect to terminate the investment management arrangement between Athene and Apollo, except for cause, for a period of four years from the date of the bye-law amendment and thereafter only on each successive two-year anniversary of the expiration of the initial four-year period. On June 10, 2019, the Athene shareholders approved the bye-law amendment and the amended fee agreement took effect retroactive to the month beginning January 1, 2019. The Company began recording fees pursuant to the amended fee agreement on January 1, 2019. The amended fee agreement provides for sub-allocation fees which vary based on portfolio allocation differentiation, as described below.
The amended fee agreement provides for a monthly fee to be payable by Athene to the Company in arrears, with retroactive effect to the month beginning on January 1, 2019, in an amount equal to the following, to the extent not otherwise payable to the Company pursuant to any one or more investment management or sub-advisory agreements or arrangements:
(i)
The Company, through its consolidated subsidiary Athene Asset Management, or AAM, earns a base management fee of 0.225% per year on the aggregate market value of substantially all of the assets in substantially all of the investment accounts of or relating to Athene (collectively, the “Athene Accounts”) up to $103.443 billion (the level of assets in the Athene Accounts as of January 1, 2019, excluding certain assets, the “Backbook Value”) and 0.150% per year on all assets in excess of $103.443 billion (the “Incremental Value”), respectively; plus
(ii)
with respect to each asset in an Account, subject to certain exceptions, that is managed by the Company and that belongs to a specified asset class tier (“core,” “core plus,” “yield,” and “high alpha”), a sub-allocation fee as follows, which will, in the case of assets acquired after January 1, 2019, be subject to a cap of 10% of the applicable asset’s gross book yield:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
Sub-Allocation Fees:
 
Core Assets(1)
0.065
%
Core Plus Assets(2)
0.130
%
Yield Assets(3)
0.375
%
High Alpha Assets(4)
0.700
%
Cash, Treasuries, Equities and Alternatives(5)
%
(1)
Core assets include public investment grade corporate bonds, municipal securities, agency residential or commercial mortgage backed securities and obligations of any governmental agency or government sponsored entity that is not expressly backed by the U.S. government.
(2)
Core plus assets include private investment grade corporate bonds, fixed rate first lien commercial mortgage loans (“CML”) and obligations issued or assumed by a financial institution (such an institution, a “financial issuer”) and determined by AAM to be “Tier 2 Capital” under the Basel III recommendations developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor to such recommendations).
(3)
Yield assets include non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, investment grade collateralized loan obligations, certain asset-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, emerging market investments, below investment grade corporate bonds, subordinated debt obligations, hybrid securities or surplus notes issued or assumed by a financial issuer, as rated preferred equity, residential mortgage loans, bank loans, investment grade infrastructure debt and certain floating rate commercial mortgage loans.
(4)
High alpha assets include subordinated commercial mortgage loans, below investment grade collateralized loan obligations, unrated preferred equity, debt obligations originated by MidCap, below investment grade infrastructure debt, certain loans originated directly by Apollo and agency mortgage derivatives.
(5)
With respect to Equities and Alternatives, Apollo earns performance revenues of 0% to 20%.
Athora
The Company, through its consolidated subsidiary, AAME, provides investment advisory services to certain portfolio companies of Apollo funds and Athora, a strategic platform established to acquire or reinsure blocks of insurance business in the German and broader European life insurance market (collectively, the “Athora Accounts”).
Athora Sub-Advised
The Company, through AAME, provides sub-advisory services with respect to a portion of the assets in certain portfolio companies of Apollo funds and the Athora Accounts. The Company broadly refers to “Athora Sub-Advised” assets as those assets in the Athora Accounts which the Company explicitly sub-advises as well as those assets in the Athora Accounts which are invested directly in funds and investment vehicles Apollo manages. With limited exceptions, the sub-advisory fee earned by the Company on the Athora Sub-Advised assets is 0.35%.

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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

AAA Investments
Apollo, as general partner of AAA Investments, is generally entitled to performance allocations equal to 20% of the realized returns (net of related expenses, including borrowing costs) on AAA Investments’ investment in Athene Holding, except that Apollo is not entitled to receive any performance allocations with respect to the shares of Athene Holding that were acquired (and not in satisfaction of prior commitments to buy such shares) by AAA Investments in the contribution of certain assets by AAA to Athene in October 2012.
The following table presents the performance allocations earned from AAA Investments:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Performance allocations from AAA Investments, net(1)
$
94

 
$
(158
)
 
$
133

 
$
(4,999
)
(1)
Net of related profit sharing expense.
The following table presents the revenues earned in aggregate from Athene, Athora and AAA Investments:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenues earned in aggregate from Athene, Athora and AAA Investments, net(1)(2)
$
204,159

 
$
50,682

 
$
364,507

 
$
88,825

(1)
Consisting of management fees, sub-advisory fees, performance revenues from Athene, Athora and AAA Investments, as applicable (net of related profit sharing expense) and changes in the market value of the Athene Holding shares owned directly by Apollo. These amounts exclude the deferred revenue recognized as management fees associated with the vesting of AHL Awards granted to employees of Apollo as further described in note 12.
(2)
Gains (losses) on the market value of the shares of Athene Holding owned directly by Apollo were $43.2 million and $(68.1) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $61.8 million and $(135.0) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
The following table presents performance allocations and profit sharing payable from AAA Investments:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Performance allocations
$
1,788

 
$
1,611

Profit sharing payable
491

 
442


As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company held a 10.7% and 10.2% economic ownership interest in Athene Holding, respectively.
AAA Investments Credit Agreement
On April 30, 2015, Apollo entered into a revolving credit agreement with AAA Investments (the “AAA Investments Credit Agreement”). Under the terms of the AAA Investments Credit Agreement, the Company shall make available to AAA Investments one or more advances at the discretion of AAA Investments in the aggregate amount not to exceed a balance of $10.0 million at an applicable rate of LIBOR plus 1.5%. The Company receives an annual commitment fee of 0.125% on the unused portion of the loan. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, $8.2 million and $6.7 million, respectively, had been advanced by the Company and remained outstanding on the AAA Investments Credit Agreement. AAA Investments was obligated to pay the aggregate borrowings plus accrued interest at the earlier of (a) the third anniversary of the closing date, or (b) the date that was fifteen months following the initial public offering of shares of Athene Holding Ltd. (the “Maturity Date”). On January 30, 2019, the Company and AAA agreed to extend the maturity date of the AAA Investments Credit Agreement to April 30, 2020.
AINV Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Management Agreement
On May 17, 2018, the board of directors of AINV approved an amended and restated investment advisory management agreement with Apollo Investment Management, L.P., the Company’s consolidated subsidiary, which reduced the base management

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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fee and revised the incentive fee on income to include a total return requirement. Effective April 1, 2018, the base management fee was reduced from 2.0% to 1.5% of the average value of AINV’s gross assets (excluding cash or cash equivalents but including other assets purchased with borrowed amounts) at the end of each of the two most recently completed calendar quarters; provided, however, the base management fee would be 1.0% of the average value of AINV’s gross assets (excluding cash or cash equivalents but including other assets purchased with borrowed amounts) that exceeds the product of (i) 200% and (ii) the value of AINV’s net asset value at the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter. In addition, beginning January 1, 2019, the incentive fee on income calculation included a total return requirement with a rolling twelve quarter look-back starting from April 1, 2018. The incentive fee rate remained 20% and the performance threshold remained 1.75% per quarter (7% annualized).
Regulated Entities
Apollo Global Securities, LLC (“AGS”) is a registered broker dealer with the SEC and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, subject to the minimum net capital requirements of the SEC. AGS was in compliance with these requirements at June 30, 2019. From time to time, this entity is involved in transactions with related parties of Apollo, including portfolio companies of the funds Apollo manages, whereby AGS earns underwriting and transaction fees for its services.
15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Investment Commitments—As a limited partner, general partner and manager of the Apollo funds, Apollo had unfunded capital commitments as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 of $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively, of which $434 million and $469 million related to Fund IX as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Debt Covenants—Apollo’s debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. As of June 30, 2019, the Company was not aware of any instances of non-compliance with the financial covenants contained in the documents governing the Company’s debt obligations.
Litigation and Contingencies—Apollo is, from time to time, party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business including claims and lawsuits, reviews, investigations or proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding its business.

On March 4, 2016, the Public Employees Retirement System of Mississippi filed a putative securities class action against Sprouts Farmers Market, Inc. (“SFM”), several SFM directors (including Andrew Jhawar, an Apollo partner), AP Sprouts Holdings, LLC and AP Sprouts Holdings (Overseas), L.P. (the “AP Entities”), which are controlled by entities managed by Apollo affiliates, and two underwriters of a March 2015 secondary offering of SFM common stock. The AP Entities sold SFM common stock in the March 2015 secondary offering. The complaint, filed in Arizona Superior Court and captioned Public Employees Retirement System of Mississippi v. Sprouts Farmers Market, Inc. (CV2016-050480), alleges that SFM filed a materially misleading registration statement for the secondary offering that incorporated alleged misrepresentations in SFM’s 2014 annual report regarding SFM’s business prospects, and failed to disclose alleged accelerating produce deflation. Plaintiff alleged causes of action against the AP Entities for violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, seeking compensatory damages for alleged losses sustained from a decline in SFM’s stock price. Defendants moved to dismiss the action, and the court dismissed the Section 11 claim against the AP Entities but not the Section 15 claim. On December 27, 2018, the parties executed a settlement agreement, and on December 28, 2018, the parties filed a motion for preliminary approval of the settlement. On May 31, 2019, the Court approved the settlement and dismissed the action with prejudice.

On June 20, 2016 Banca Carige S.p.A. (“Carige”) commenced a lawsuit in the Court of Genoa (Italy) (No. 8965/2016), against its former Chairman, its former Chief Executive Officer, AGM and certain entities (the “Apollo Entities”) organized and owned by investment funds managed by affiliates of AGM. The complaint alleged that AGM and the Apollo Entities (i) aided and abetted breaches of fiduciary duty to Carige allegedly committed by Carige’s former Chairman and former CEO in connection with the sale to the Apollo Entities of Carige subsidiaries engaged in the insurance business; and (ii) took wrongful actions aimed at weakening Banca Carige’s financial condition supposedly to facilitate an eventual acquisition of Carige. The causes of action were based in tort under Italian law. Carige purportedly seeks damages of €450 million in connection with the sale of the insurance businesses and €800 million for other losses. With judgment no. 3118/2018 published on December 6, 2018, the Court of Genoa fully rejected all the claims raised by Carige against AGM and the Apollo Entities, also awarding attorneys' fees in their favor for an amount of €428,996.10. Carige filed an appeal on January 3, 2019. The Apollo Entities appeared in the proceedings requesting the Court to reject Banca Carige’s appeal. The first hearing was held on May 8, 2019. The Court has reserved its decision on certain fact-finding and joinder requests made by the plaintiff and the former directors. Although the case appears to be in its final stages, no reasonable estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)


On December 12, 2016, the CORE Litigation Trust (the “Trust”), which was created under the Chapter 11 reorganization plan for CORE Media and other affiliated entities, including CORE Entertainment, Inc. (“CORE”), commenced an action in California Superior Court for Los Angeles County, captioned Core Litigation Trust v. Apollo Global Management, LLC, et al., Case No. BC 643732, that was stayed on October 3, 2017, in favor of litigating in New York state court. On November 9, 2017, the Trust commenced an action in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, captioned Core Litigation Trust v. Apollo Global Management, LLC, et al., Index No. 656856/2017. The complaint names as defendants: (i) AGM and certain AGM affiliates including the Apollo-managed funds that were CORE’s beneficial owners (the “CORE Funds”), (ii) Twenty-First Century Fox, Inc. (“Fox”) and certain Fox affiliates, (iii) Endemol USA Holding, Inc. (“Endemol”) and certain Endemol-affiliated entities, and (iv) the joint venture through which the CORE Funds and Fox beneficially owned CORE Media and Endemol Shine (the “JV”). The Trust asserts claims against (i) all defendants for tortiously interfering with $360 million in loans under the 2011 loan agreements entered into between CORE and certain Lenders, and (ii) certain defendants for alter-ego and de-facto merger. The Trust seeks $240 million in compensatory, unspecified punitive damages, pre-judgment interests, and costs and expenses. The Court has scheduled further oral argument on Defendants’ motions to dismiss the complaint for September 6, 2019. On July 5, 2019, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle and release all of the Trust’s claims against Defendants. The CORE Funds are indemnifying AGM against any losses in connection with the Trust’s claims.

On August 3, 2017, a complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida against AGM, a senior partner of Apollo and a former principal of Apollo by Michael McEvoy on behalf of a purported class of employees of subsidiaries of CEVA Group, LLC (“CEVA Group”) who purchased shares in CEVA Investment Limited (“CIL”), the former parent company of CEVA Group. The complaint alleged that the defendants breached fiduciary duties to and defrauded the plaintiffs by inducing them to purchase shares in CIL and subsequently participating in a debt restructuring of CEVA Group in which shareholders of CIL did not receive a recovery. On February 9, 2018, the Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York held that the claims asserted in the complaint were assets of CIL, which is a chapter 7 debtor, and that the complaint was null and void as a violation of the automatic stay. McEvoy subsequently revised his complaint to attempt to assert claims that do not belong to CIL. The amended complaint no longer names any individual defendants, but Apollo Management VI, L.P. and CEVA Group have been added as defendants. The amended complaint purports to seek damages of approximately €30 million and asserts, among other things, claims for violations of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, breach of fiduciary duties, and breach of contract. On December 7, 2018, after receiving permission from the Bankruptcy Court, McEvoy filed his amended complaint in the District Court in Florida. Apollo is currently seeking dismissal of this action and believes that there is no merit to the claims. Additionally, as the case is in its early stages, no reasonable estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.

On December 21, 2017, Harbinger Capital Partners II, LP, Harbinger Capital Partners Master Fund I, Ltd., Harbinger Capital Partners Special Situations Fund, L.P., Harbinger Capital Partners Special Situations GP, LLC, Harbinger Capital Partners Offshore Manager, L.L.C., Global Opportunities Breakaway Ltd. (in voluntary liquidation), and Credit Distressed Blue Line Master Fund, Ltd. (collectively, “Harbinger”) commenced an action in New York Supreme Court captioned Harbinger Capital Partners II LP et al. v. Apollo Global Management LLC, et al. (No. 657515/2017). The complaint names as defendants (i) AGM, (ii) the funds managed by Apollo that invested in SkyTerra Communications, Inc. (“SkyTerra”) equity before selling their interests to Harbinger under an April 2008 agreement that closed in 2010, and (iii) six former SkyTerra directors, five of whom are current or former Apollo employees.  The complaint alleges that during the period of Harbinger’s various equity and debt investments in SkyTerra, from 2004 to 2010, Defendants concealed from Harbinger material defects in SkyTerra technology that was to be used to create a new mobile wi-fi network.  The complaint alleges that Harbinger would not have made investments in SkyTerra totaling approximately $1.9 billion had it known of the defects, and that the public disclosure of these defects ultimately led to SkyTerra filing for bankruptcy in 2012 (after it had been renamed LightSquared). The complaint asserts claims against (i) all defendants for fraud, civil conspiracy, and negligent misrepresentation, (ii) AGM and the Apollo-managed funds only for breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract, and unjust enrichment, and (iii) the SkyTerra director defendants only for aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty.  The complaint seeks $1.9 billion in damages, as well as punitive damages, interest, costs, and fees. This action was stayed from February 14, 2018, through June 12, 2019. On February 14, 2018, Defendants moved the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York to reopen the LightSquared bankruptcy proceeding for the limited purpose of enforcing Harbinger’s assignment and release in that bankruptcy of the claims that it asserts in the New York state court action. Briefing and hearing on this motion were adjourned while the state court stay was pending. On June 12, 2019, Harbinger voluntarily discontinued the state action without prejudice subject to a tolling agreement. On June 12, 2019, Apollo voluntarily withdrew its bankruptcy court motion subject to a right to refile the motion if Harbinger were to refile the state court action. Apollo believes these claims are without merit.  Because this action is in its early stages, no reasonable estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)


On February 9, 2018, plaintiffs Joseph M. Dropp, Mary E. Dropp, Robert Levine, Susan Levine, and Kaarina Pakka filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada (the “Nevada Court”) against Apollo Management VIII, L.P. (“Management VIII”), AGM and Diamond Resorts International, Inc. (“Diamond”) and several of its affiliates and executives. Plaintiffs, who allege that they bought vacation interest points from Diamond, allege that the points are securities and that defendants violated federal securities laws by selling the points without registering them as securities. Plaintiffs also assert a “control person” claim against Management VIII and AGM. Plaintiffs assert their claims on their own behalf and on behalf of a purported class of Diamond customers who bought vacation interest points over a certain period of time. They seek injunctive relief prohibiting defendants from continuing to market and sell unregistered securities, the right to rescind their purchases, and unspecified compensatory damages. On April 11, 2018, Defendants filed motions to sever Ms. Pakka's claims from the claims of the other plaintiffs and to transfer those claims to the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii. On January 25, 2019, the Nevada Court entered an order granting defendants’ motion to compel the Dropps and Levines to arbitrate their claims individually and dismissing their claims without prejudice to pursue them in arbitration.  The Nevada Court also severed Ms. Pakka’s claims and transferred the complaint as to Ms. Pakka only to the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii (the “Hawaii Court”).  On January 28, 2019, the Hawaii Court entered an order directing Ms. Pakka to file an amended complaint to reflect only the claims that were transferred to that Court, after she obtains Hawaii counsel.  On May 29, 2019, Ms. Pakka voluntarily dismissed her complaint without prejudice.

Five shareholders filed substantially similar putative class action lawsuits in the Circuit Court of the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit in and for Palm Beach County, Florida in March, April, and May 2018, alleging violations of the Securities Act in connection with the January 19, 2018 IPO of ADT Inc. common stock. The actions were consolidated on July 10, 2018, and the case was re-captioned In re ADT Inc. Shareholder Litigation. On August 24, 2018, the state-court plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint naming as defendants ADT Inc., several ADT officers and directors, the IPO underwriters (including Apollo Global Securities, LLC), AGM and certain other Apollo affiliates. Plaintiffs generally allege that the registration statement and prospectus for the IPO contained false and misleading statements and failed to disclose material information about certain litigation in which ADT was involved, ADT’s efforts to protect its intellectual property, and competitive pressures ADT faced. Defendants filed motions to dismiss the consolidated complaint on October 23, 2018, and those motions are fully briefed. On May 21, 2018, a similar shareholder class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, naming as defendants ADT, several officers and directors, and AGM. The federal action, captioned Perdomo v. ADT Inc., generally alleges that the registration statement was materially misleading because it failed to disclose ongoing deterioration in ADT’s financial results, along with certain customer and business metrics. On July 20, 2018, several alleged ADT shareholders filed competing motions to be named lead plaintiff in the federal action. On November 20, 2018, the court appointed a lead plaintiff, and on January 15, 2019, the lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint.  The amended complaint names the same Apollo-affiliated defendants as the state-court action, along with three new Apollo entities.  Defendants filed motions to dismiss on March 25, 2019, and those motions are fully briefed.  Based on the allegations in the complaints, Apollo believes that there is no merit to any of the claims against AGM or the other Apollo defendants. Thus, no reasonable estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.

On May 3, 2018, Caldera Holdings Ltd, Caldera Life Reinsurance Company, and Caldera Shareholder, L.P. (collectively, “Caldera”) filed a summons with notice in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, naming as defendants AGM, Apollo Management, L.P., Apollo Advisors VIII, L.P., Apollo Capital Management VIII, LLC, Athene Asset Management, L.P., Athene Holding, Ltd., and Leon Black (collectively, “Defendants” and all but Athene Holding, Ltd., the “Apollo Defendants”). On July 12, 2018, Caldera filed a complaint, Index No. 652175/2018 (the “Complaint”), alleging three causes of action: (1) tortious interference with prospective business relations/prospective economic advantage; (2) defamation/trade disparagement/injurious falsehood; and (3) unfair competition. The Complaint seeks damages of no less than $1.5 billion, as well as exemplary and punitive damages, attorneys’ fees, interest, and an injunction. Defendants moved to dismiss the Complaint on September 21, 2018 and Caldera filed an amended complaint on January 21, 2019 (the “Amended Complaint”).  Defendants have moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint, and the Apollo Defendants have submitted to the Court a Final Arbitration Award issued on April 26, 2019 in a JAMS arbitration, finding Caldera, Imran Siddiqui, and Ming Dang liable for various causes of action, including breaches of fiduciary duty and/or aiding and abetting thereof.  Oral argument on the motions to dismiss was held on May 31, 2019.   The Apollo Defendants believe that the claims contained in the Complaint lack merit and intend to defend the case vigorously. Because this action is in the early stages, no reasonable estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.

On March 7, 2019, plaintiff Elizabeth Morrison filed an amended complaint in an action captioned Morrison v. Ray Berry, et. al., Case No. 12808-VCG, pending in the Chancery Court for the State of Delaware, adding as defendants AGM and certain AGM affiliates. The original complaint had only named as defendants certain officers and directors (the “TFM defendants”)

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

of The Fresh Market, Inc. (“TFM”), claiming that those defendants breached their fiduciary duties to the TFM shareholders in connection with their consideration and approval of a merger agreement between TFM and certain entities affiliated with Apollo, including by engaging in a sale process that improperly favored AGM, and/or Apollo Management VIII, L.P., by agreeing to an inadequate price and by filing materially deficient disclosures regarding the transaction. In addition to AGM, the amended complaint added as defendants Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware 892) VIII, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware) VIII, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners VIII, L.P., Apollo Management VIII, L.P., AIF VIII Management, LLC, Apollo Management, L.P., Apollo Management GP, LLC, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, APO Corp., AP Professional Holdings, L.P., Apollo Advisors VIII, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund VIII, L.P., and Pomegranate Holdings, Inc., and other defendants. The amended complaint alleges that the Apollo defendants aided and abetted the breaches of fiduciary duties by the TFM defendants. After the defendants moved to dismiss the complaint on May 1, 2019, Plaintiff filed a second amended complaint on June 3, 2019, maintaining the same claim against the same Apollo defendants as the prior complaint. Defendants moved to dismiss the second amended complaint on July 12, 2019, and those motions will be fully briefed by September 13, 2019. Apollo believes the claims in this action are without merit. Because this action is in the early stages, no reasonable estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.

Commitments and Contingencies—Other long-term obligations relate to payments with respect to certain consulting agreements entered into by Apollo Investment Consulting LLC, a subsidiary of Apollo, as well as long-term service contracts. A significant portion of these costs are reimbursable by funds or portfolio companies. As of June 30, 2019, fixed and determinable payments due in connection with these obligations were as follows:
 
Remaining 2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Other long-term obligations
$
14,356

 
$
5,786

 
$
1,501

 
$
919

 
$
682

 
$
682

 
$
23,926


Contingent Obligations—Performance allocations with respect to certain funds are subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative revenues recognized in income to date. If all of the existing investments became worthless, the amount of cumulative revenues that have been recognized by Apollo through June 30, 2019 and that would be reversed approximates $2.1 billion. Management views the possibility of all of the investments becoming worthless as remote. Performance allocations are affected by changes in the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds that Apollo manages. Valuations, on an unrealized basis, can be significantly affected by a variety of external factors including, but not limited to, bond yields and industry trading multiples. Movements in these items can affect valuations quarter to quarter even if the underlying business fundamentals remain stable.
Additionally, at the end of the life of certain funds that the Company manages, there could be a payment due to a fund by the Company if the Company, as general partner, has received more performance allocations than was ultimately earned. The general partner obligation amount, if any, will depend on final realized values of investments at the end of the life of each fund or as otherwise set forth in the respective limited partnership agreement of the fund. See note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for further details regarding the general partner obligation.
Certain funds may not generate performance allocations as a result of unrealized and realized losses that are recognized in the current and prior reporting period. In certain cases, performance allocations will not be generated until additional unrealized and realized gains occur. Any appreciation would first cover the deductions for invested capital, unreturned organizational expenses, operating expenses, management fees and priority returns based on the terms of the respective fund agreements.
One of the Company’s subsidiaries, AGS, provides underwriting commitments in connection with securities offerings to the portfolio companies of the funds Apollo manages. As of June 30, 2019, there were no underwriting commitments.
Contingent Consideration—In connection with the acquisition of Stone Tower in April 2012, the Company agreed to pay the former owners of Stone Tower a specified percentage of any future performance revenues earned from certain of the Stone Tower funds, CLOs, and strategic investment accounts. This contingent consideration liability was determined based on the present value of estimated future performance revenue payments, and is recorded in profit sharing payable in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The fair value of the remaining contingent obligation was $93.2 million and $74.5 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
The contingent consideration obligations will be remeasured to fair value at each reporting period until the obligations are satisfied and are characterized as Level III liabilities. The changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration obligations

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

is reflected in profit sharing expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. See note 6 for further information regarding fair value measurements.
16. SEGMENT REPORTING
Apollo conducts its business primarily in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically. Apollo’s business is conducted through three reportable segments: credit, private equity and real assets. Segment information is utilized by our Managing Partners, who operate collectively as our chief operating decision maker, to assess performance and to allocate resources. These segments were established based on the nature of investment activities in each underlying fund, including the specific type of investment made and the level of control over the investment.
The performance is measured by the Company’s chief operating decision maker on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollo’s business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that exclude the effects of consolidation of any of the affiliated funds.
Segment Reporting Changes
During the first quarter of 2019, Apollo’s chief operating decision makers determined that Segment Distributable Earnings, together with its main components including Fee Related Earnings, is the key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of Apollo’s credit, private equity and real assets segments. Accordingly, Apollo will no longer report Economic Income. Apollo believes these changes better reflect the manner in which it makes key operating decisions pertaining to resource allocation, capital deployment, budgeting and forecasting, and are consistent with what shareholders consider to be most important in evaluating its performance.
Apollo determined to change the business segment in which it reports certain funds and accounts to align its segment reporting with the manner in which such funds and accounts were managed. Effective January 1, 2019, the European Principal Finance Fund series, which has been historically reported in the credit segment, moved to the real assets segment. Several funds and accounts that generally invest in illiquid opportunistic investments and the latest fund in the Credit Opportunity Fund series, which have been historically reported in the credit segment, moved to the private equity segment. Certain commercial real estate mortgage loan assets, previously reported in the credit segment, moved to the real assets segment. These changes affected the composition, but not the determination, of Apollo’s reporting segments.
Apollo changed its definition of “Distributable Earnings” to include depreciation and amortization expenses and renamed it “Segment Distributable Earnings.” Historically, depreciation and amortization expenses were not reflected in Apollo’s calculation of Segment Distributable Earnings. Apollo also renamed “Distributable Earnings after Taxes and Related Payables” to “Distributable Earnings.”
In connection with these changes, all prior periods have been recast to conform to the new presentation. Consequently, this information will be different from the historical segment financial results previously reported by Apollo in its reports filed with the SEC.
Segment Distributable Earnings
Segment Distributable Earnings, or “Segment DE”, is the key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of Apollo’s credit, private equity and real assets segments. Management believes the components of Segment DE, such as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and realized performance fees, are indicative of the Company’s performance. Management uses Segment DE in making key operating decisions such as the following:
Decisions related to the allocation of resources such as staffing decisions including hiring and locations for deployment of the new hires;
Decisions related to capital deployment such as providing capital to facilitate growth for the business and/or to facilitate expansion into new businesses;
Decisions related to expenses, such as determining annual discretionary bonuses and equity-based compensation awards to its employees. With respect to compensation, management seeks to align the interests of certain professionals and selected other individuals with those of the investors in the funds and those of Apollo’s shareholders by providing such individuals a profit sharing interest in

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

the performance fees earned in relation to the funds. To achieve that objective, a certain amount of compensation is based on Apollo’s performance and growth for the year; and
Decisions related to the amount of earnings available for distribution to Class A shareholders, holders of RSUs that participate in distributions and holders of AOG Units.
Segment DE is a measure of profitability and has certain limitations in that it does not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. Segment DE represents the amount of Apollo’s net realized earnings, excluding the effects of the consolidation of any of the related funds, Taxes and Related Payables, transaction-related charges and any acquisitions. Transaction-related charges includes equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets, contingent consideration and certain other charges associated with acquisitions. In addition, Segment DE excludes non-cash revenue and expense related to equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties to employees of the Company, compensation and administrative related expense reimbursements, as well as the assets, liabilities and operating results of the funds and variable interest entities that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. We believe the exclusion of the non-cash charges related to the 2007 Reorganization for equity-based compensation provides investors with a meaningful indication of our performance because these charges relate to the equity portion of our capital structure and not our core operating performance. Segment DE also excludes impacts of the remeasurement of the tax receivable agreement recorded in other income, which arises from changes in the associated deferred tax balance.
Segment DE may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies and is not a measure of performance calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We use Segment DE as a measure of operating performance, not as a measure of liquidity. Segment DE should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income or other income data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The use of Segment DE without consideration of related U.S. GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described above. Management compensates for these limitations by using Segment DE as a supplemental measure to U.S. GAAP results, to provide a more complete understanding of our performance as management measures it. A reconciliation of Segment DE to its most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure of income (loss) before income tax provision can be found in this footnote.
Fee Related Earnings
Fee Related Earnings (“FRE”) is derived from our segment reported results and refers to a component of Segment DE that is used as a supplemental performance measure to assess whether revenues that we believe are generally more stable and predictable in nature, primarily consisting of management fees, are sufficient to cover associated operating expenses and generate profits. FRE is the sum across all segments of (i) management fees, (ii) advisory and transaction fees, (iii) performance fees earned from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings (as defined below) and (iv) other income, net, less (x) salary, bonus and benefits, excluding equity-based compensation, (y) other associated operating expenses and (z) non-controlling interests in the management companies of certain funds the Company manages.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following tables present financial data for Apollo’s reportable segments.
 
As of and for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Credit
Segment
 
Private Equity
Segment
 
Real Assets
Segment
 
Total Reportable
Segments
Management fees
$
190,275

 
$
129,638

 
$
46,398

 
$
366,311

Advisory and transaction fees, net
5,510

 
20,257

 
5,295

 
31,062

Performance fees(1)
9,261

 

 

 
9,261

Fee Related Revenues
205,046

 
149,895

 
51,693

 
406,634

Salary, bonus and benefits
(50,465
)
 
(40,267
)
 
(19,537
)
 
(110,269
)
General, administrative and other
(31,647
)
 
(22,962
)
 
(8,547
)
 
(63,156
)
Placement fees
(157
)
 
(618
)
 

 
(775
)
Fee Related Expenses
(82,269
)
 
(63,847
)
 
(28,084
)
 
(174,200
)
Other income, net of Non-Controlling Interest
1,968

 
3,963

 
156

 
6,087

Fee Related Earnings
124,745

 
90,011

 
23,765

 
238,521

Realized performance fees
18,030

 
12,231

 
3,074

 
33,335

Realized profit sharing expense
(7,877
)
 
(4,089
)
 
(1,340
)
 
(13,306
)
Net Realized Performance Fees
10,153

 
8,142

 
1,734

 
20,029

Realized principal investment income
7,909

 
1,877

 
1,495

 
11,281

Net interest loss and other
(4,656
)
 
(7,650
)
 
(2,708
)
 
(15,014
)
Segment Distributable Earnings(2)
$
138,151

 
$
92,380

 
$
24,286

 
$
254,817

Total Assets(2)
$
2,865,509

 
$
2,741,435

 
$
520,817

 
$
6,127,761

(1)
Represents certain performance fees from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings LP (“Redding Ridge Holdings”), an affiliate of Redding Ridge.
(2)
Refer below for a reconciliation of total revenues, total expenses, other income (loss) and total assets for Apollo’s total reportable segments to total consolidated revenues, total consolidated expenses, total consolidated other income (loss) and total assets.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Credit
Segment
 
Private Equity
Segment
 
Real Assets
Segment
 
Total Reportable
Segments
Management fees
$
153,177

 
$
132,417

 
$
40,270

 
$
325,864

Advisory and transaction fees, net
2,100

 
13,319

 
161

 
15,580

Performance fees(1)
5,766

 

 

 
5,766

Fee Related Revenues
161,043

 
145,736

 
40,431

 
347,210

Salary, bonus and benefits
(42,729
)
 
(41,879
)
 
(19,893
)
 
(104,501
)
General, administrative and other
(27,843
)
 
(18,333
)
 
(9,500
)
 
(55,676
)
Placement fees
(279
)
 
(32
)
 

 
(311
)
Fee Related Expenses
(70,851
)
 
(60,244
)
 
(29,393
)
 
(160,488
)
Other income (loss), net of Non-Controlling Interest
(1,188
)
 
82

 
55

 
(1,051
)
Fee Related Earnings
89,004

 
85,574

 
11,093

 
185,671

Realized performance fees
14,635

 
54,640

 
45,199

 
114,474

Realized profit sharing expense
(11,493
)
 
(31,512
)
 
(26,805
)
 
(69,810
)
Net Realized Performance Fees
3,142

 
23,128

 
18,394

 
44,664

Realized principal investment income
5,931

 
9,079

 
4,363

 
19,373

Net interest loss and other
(3,952
)
 
(5,259
)
 
(1,968
)
 
(11,179
)
Segment Distributable Earnings(2)
$
94,125

 
$
112,522

 
$
31,882

 
$
238,529

(1)
Represents certain performance fees from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings.
(2)
Refer below for a reconciliation of total revenues, total expenses and other income (loss) for Apollo’s total reportable segments to total consolidated revenues, total consolidated expenses and total consolidated other income (loss).
The following table reconciles total consolidated revenues to total revenues for Apollo’s reportable segments:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Total Consolidated Revenues
$
636,579

 
$
523,316

Equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties, reimbursable expenses and other(1)
(23,847
)
 
(20,200
)
Adjustments related to consolidated funds and VIEs(1)
90

 
1,979

Performance fees(2)
(163,014
)
 
(135,093
)
Principal investment income
(43,174
)
 
(22,792
)
Total Fee Related Revenues
406,634

 
347,210

Realized performance fees
33,335

 
114,474

Realized principal investment income and other
10,438

 
18,530

Total Segment Revenues
$
450,407

 
$
480,214

(1)
Represents advisory fees, management fees and performance fees earned from consolidated VIEs which are eliminated in consolidation. Includes non-cash revenues related to equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties to employees of the Company and certain compensation and administrative related expense reimbursements.
(2)
Excludes certain performance fees from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following table reconciles total consolidated expenses to total expenses for Apollo’s reportable segments:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Total Consolidated Expenses
$
342,525

 
$
301,394

Equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties, reimbursable expenses and other(1)
(23,865
)
 
(19,836
)
Reclassification of interest expenses
(23,302
)
 
(15,162
)
Transaction-related compensation charges, net(1)
(18,135
)
 
6,905

Charges associated with corporate conversion(2)
(10,006
)
 

Equity-based compensation
(18,237
)
 
(16,028
)
Total profit sharing expense(3)
(74,780
)
 
(96,785
)
Total Fee Related Expenses
174,200

 
160,488

Realized profit sharing expense
13,306

 
69,810

Total Segment Expenses
$
187,506

 
$
230,298

(1)
Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and VIEs, transaction-related charges, non-cash expenses related to equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties to employees of the Company and certain compensation and administrative expenses. Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets, contingent consideration and certain other charges associated with acquisitions.
(2)
Represents expenses incurred in relation to the previously announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation, as described in note 1.
(3)
Includes unrealized profit sharing expense, realized profit sharing expense and equity based profit sharing expense and other.
The following table reconciles total consolidated other income (loss) to total other loss for Apollo’s reportable segments:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Total Consolidated Other Income (Loss)
$
65,004

 
$
(59,188
)
Adjustments related to consolidated funds and VIEs(1)
(4,367
)
 
(8,967
)
Net (gains) losses from investment activities
(45,053
)
 
67,565

Interest income and other, net of Non-Controlling Interest
(9,497
)
 
(461
)
Other Income (Loss), net of Non-Controlling Interest
6,087

 
(1,051
)
Net interest loss and other
(14,171
)
 
(10,336
)
Total Segment Other Loss
$
(8,084
)
 
$
(11,387
)
(1)
Represents the addition of other income of consolidated funds and VIEs.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following table presents the reconciliation of income (loss) before income tax provision reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations to Segment Distributable Earnings:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Income before income tax provision
$
359,058

 
$
162,734

Transaction-related charges(1)
18,135

 
(6,905
)
Charges associated with corporate conversion(2)
10,006

 

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities and appropriated partners’ capital
(5,143
)
 
(8,716
)
Unrealized performance fees
(129,679
)
 
(20,619
)
Unrealized profit sharing expense
40,799

 
9,125

Equity-based profit sharing expense and other(3)
20,675

 
17,850

Equity-based compensation
18,237

 
16,028

Unrealized principal investment income
(31,893
)
 
(3,419
)
Unrealized net (gains) losses from investment activities and other
(45,378
)
 
72,451

Segment Distributable Earnings
$
254,817

 
$
238,529

 
(1)
Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets, contingent consideration and certain other charges associated with acquisitions.
(2)
Represents expenses incurred in relation to the previously announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation, as described in note 1.
(3)
Equity-based profit sharing expense and other includes certain profit sharing arrangements in which a portion of performance fees distributed to the general partner are allocated by issuance of equity-based awards, rather than cash, to employees of Apollo. Equity-based profit sharing expense and other also includes non-cash expenses related to equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties to employees of Apollo.
The following tables present financial data for Apollo’s reportable segments.
 
As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Credit
Segment
 
Private Equity
Segment
 
Real Assets
Segment
 
Total Reportable
Segments
Management fees
$
373,017

 
$
260,134

 
$
91,783

 
$
724,934

Advisory and transaction fees, net
8,358

 
36,393

 
5,371

 
50,122

Performance fees(1)
9,922

 

 

 
9,922

Fee Related Revenues
391,297

 
296,527

 
97,154

 
784,978

Salary, bonus and benefits
(94,769
)
 
(83,500
)
 
(37,725
)
 
(215,994
)
General, administrative and other
(59,143
)
 
(48,824
)
 
(18,222
)
 
(126,189
)
Placement fees
148

 
(483
)
 

 
(335
)
Fee Related Expenses
(153,764
)
 
(132,807
)
 
(55,947
)
 
(342,518
)
Other income, net of Non-Controlling Interest
1,564

 
4,159

 
94

 
5,817

Fee Related Earnings
239,097

 
167,879

 
41,301

 
448,277

Realized performance fees
21,357

 
72,687

 
3,080

 
97,124

Realized profit sharing expense
(11,395
)
 
(41,816
)
 
(1,234
)
 
(54,445
)
Net Realized Performance Fees
9,962

 
30,871

 
1,846

 
42,679

Realized principal investment income
10,958

 
9,965

 
1,794

 
22,717

Net interest loss and other
(9,042
)
 
(13,783
)
 
(4,881
)
 
(27,706
)
Segment Distributable Earnings(2)
$
250,975

 
$
194,932

 
$
40,060

 
$
485,967

Total Assets(2)
$
2,865,509

 
$
2,741,435

 
$
520,817

 
$
6,127,761

(1)
Represents certain performance fees from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

(2)
Refer below for a reconciliation of total revenues, total expenses, other loss and total assets for Apollo’s total reportable segments to total consolidated revenues, total consolidated expenses, total consolidated other income (loss) and total assets.
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Credit
Segment
 
Private Equity
Segment
 
Real Assets
Segment
 
Total Reportable
Segments
Management fees
$
302,892

 
$
214,697

 
$
80,478

 
$
598,067

Advisory and transaction fees, net
4,295

 
23,974

 
305

 
28,574

Performance fees(1)
11,041

 

 

 
11,041

Fee Related Revenues
318,228

 
238,671

 
80,783

 
637,682

Salary, bonus and benefits
(89,550
)
 
(82,604
)
 
(38,878
)
 
(211,032
)
General, administrative and other
(54,211
)
 
(36,316
)
 
(19,524
)
 
(110,051
)
Placement fees
(555
)
 
(83
)
 

 
(638
)
Fee Related Expenses
(144,316
)
 
(119,003
)
 
(58,402
)
 
(321,721
)
Other income, net of Non-Controlling Interest
1,995

 
391

 
223

 
2,609

Fee Related Earnings
175,907

 
120,059

 
22,604

 
318,570

Realized performance fees(2)
17,749

 
167,412

 
51,615

 
236,776

Realized profit sharing expense(2)
(14,327
)
 
(89,260
)
 
(29,870
)
 
(133,457
)
Net Realized Performance Fees
3,422

 
78,152

 
21,745

 
103,319

Realized principal investment income
10,211

 
27,409

 
5,146

 
42,766

Net interest loss and other
(7,470
)
 
(10,615
)
 
(3,877
)
 
(21,962
)
Segment Distributable Earnings(3)
$
182,070

 
$
215,005

 
$
45,618

 
$
442,693

(1)
Represents certain performance fees from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings.
(2)
Excludes realized performance fees and realized profit sharing expense settled in the form of shares of Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
(3)
Refer below for a reconciliation of total revenues, total expenses and other income (loss) for Apollo’s total reportable segments to total consolidated revenues, total consolidated expenses and total consolidated other income (loss).
The following table reconciles total consolidated revenues to total revenues for Apollo’s reportable segments:
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Total Consolidated Revenues
$
1,314,356

 
$
690,219

Equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties, reimbursable expenses and other(1)
(52,976
)
 
(39,113
)
Adjustments related to consolidated funds and VIEs(1)
1,722

 
3,618

Performance fees(2)
(411,186
)
 
(6,854
)
Principal investment income
(66,938
)
 
(10,188
)
Total Fee Related Revenues
784,978

 
637,682

Realized performance fees(3)
97,124

 
236,776

Realized principal investment income and other
21,032

 
41,081

Total Segment Revenues
$
903,134

 
$
915,539

(1)
Represents advisory fees, management fees and performance fees earned from consolidated VIEs which are eliminated in consolidation. Includes non-cash revenues related to equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties to employees of the Company and certain compensation and administrative related expense reimbursements.
(2)
Excludes certain performance fees from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings.
(3)
Excludes realized performance fees settled in the form of shares of Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2018.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following table reconciles total consolidated expenses to total expenses for Apollo’s reportable segments:
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Total Consolidated Expenses
$
720,542

 
$
516,269

Equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties, reimbursable expenses and other(1)
(52,707
)
 
(38,571
)
Reclassification of interest expenses
(42,410
)
 
(28,959
)
Transaction-related charges, net(1)
(23,598
)
 
5,053

Charges associated with corporate conversion(2)
(10,006
)
 

Equity-based compensation
(36,660
)
 
(33,463
)
Total profit sharing expense(3)
(212,643
)
 
(98,608
)
Total Fee Related Expenses
342,518

 
321,721

Realized profit sharing expense(4)
54,445

 
133,457

Total Segment Expenses
$
396,963

 
$
455,178

(1)
Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and VIEs, transaction-related charges, non-cash expenses related to equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties to employees of the Company and certain compensation and administrative expenses. Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets, contingent consideration and certain other charges associated with acquisitions.
(2)
Represents expenses incurred in relation to the previously announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation, as described in note 1.
(3)
Includes unrealized profit sharing expense, realized profit sharing expense and equity based profit sharing expense and other.
(4)
Excludes realized profit sharing expense settled in the form of shares of Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
The following table reconciles total consolidated other income (loss) to total other loss for Apollo’s reportable segments:
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Total Consolidated Other Income (Loss)
$
100,465

 
$
(111,984
)
Adjustments related to consolidated funds and VIEs(1)
(13,501
)
 
(15,192
)
Net (gains) losses from investment activities
(63,878
)
 
134,702

Interest income and other, net of Non-Controlling Interest
(17,269
)
 
(4,917
)
Other Income, net of Non-Controlling Interest
5,817

 
2,609

Net interest loss and other
(26,021
)
 
(20,277
)
Total Segment Other Loss
$
(20,204
)
 
$
(17,668
)
(1)
Represents the addition of other income of consolidated funds and VIEs.

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Table of Contents
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data, except where noted)

The following table presents the reconciliation of income (loss) before income tax provision reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations to Segment Distributable Earnings:
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
Income before income tax provision
$
694,279

 
$
61,966

Transaction-related charges(1)
23,598

 
(5,053
)
Charges associated with corporate conversion(2)
10,006

 

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities and appropriated partners’ capital
(13,805
)
 
(14,695
)
Unrealized performance fees(3)
(314,062
)
 
229,922

Unrealized profit sharing expense(3)
116,561

 
(67,263
)
Equity-based profit sharing expense and other(4)
41,637

 
32,414

Equity-based compensation
36,660

 
33,463

Unrealized principal investment (income) loss
(44,221
)
 
32,578

Unrealized net (gains) losses from investment activities and other
(64,686
)
 
139,361

Segment Distributable Earnings
$
485,967

 
$
442,693

 
(1)
Transaction-related charges include equity-based compensation charges, the amortization of intangible assets, contingent consideration and certain other charges associated with acquisitions.
(2)
Represents expenses incurred in relation to the previously announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation, as described in note 1.
(3)
Includes realized performance fees and realized profit sharing expense settled in the form of shares of Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
(4)
Equity-based profit sharing expense and other includes certain profit sharing arrangements in which a portion of performance fees distributed to the general partner are allocated by issuance of equity-based awards, rather than cash, to employees of Apollo. Equity-based profit sharing expense and other also includes non-cash expenses related to equity awards granted by unconsolidated related parties to employees of Apollo.
The following table presents the reconciliation of Apollo’s total reportable segment assets to total assets:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
Total reportable segment assets
$
6,127,761

 
$
4,791,646

Adjustments(1)
1,220,483

 
1,200,008

Total assets
$
7,348,244

 
$
5,991,654

(1)
Represents the addition of assets of consolidated funds and VIEs and consolidation elimination adjustments.
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On July 31, 2019, the Company declared a cash distribution of $0.50 per Class A share, which will be paid on August 30, 2019 to holders of record at the close of business on August 16, 2019.
On July 31, 2019, the Company declared a cash distribution of $0.398438 per Series A Preferred share and Series B Preferred share, which will be paid on September 16, 2019 to holders of record at the close of business on August 30, 2019.

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Table of Contents

ITEM 1A.     UNAUDITED SUPPLEMENTAL PRESENTATION OF STATEMENTS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
Apollo Global Management, LLC and Consolidated Subsidiaries
 
Consolidated Funds and VIEs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
945,721

 
$
4

 
$

 
$
945,725

Restricted cash
17,651

 

 

 
17,651

U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value
713,061

 

 

 
713,061

Investments
3,307,560

 
569

 
(88,179
)
 
3,219,950

Assets of consolidated variable interest entities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents

 
67,085

 

 
67,085

Investments, at fair value

 
1,183,487

 

 
1,183,487

Other assets

 
59,131

 

 
59,131

Incentive fees receivable

 

 

 

Due from related parties
450,100

 

 
(933
)
 
449,167

Deferred tax assets, net
277,037

 

 

 
277,037

Other assets
229,001

 

 
(680
)
 
228,321

Lease assets
98,777

 

 

 
98,777

Goodwill
88,852

 

 

 
88,852

Total Assets
$
6,127,760

 
$
1,310,276

 
$
(89,792
)
 
$
7,348,244

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
$
89,776

 
$

 
$

 
$
89,776

Accrued compensation and benefits
112,792

 

 

 
112,792

Deferred revenue
92,274

 

 

 
92,274

Due to related parties
401,631

 

 

 
401,631

Profit sharing payable
595,954

 

 

 
595,954

Debt
2,350,915

 

 

 
2,350,915

Liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt, at fair value

 
903,420

 
(44,063
)
 
859,357

Other liabilities

 
87,023

 
(311
)
 
86,712

Due to related parties

 
1,303

 
(1,303
)
 

Other liabilities
112,679

 

 

 
112,679

Lease liabilities
105,164

 

 

 
105,164

Total Liabilities
3,861,185

 
991,746

 
(45,677
)
 
4,807,254

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Series A Preferred shares
264,398

 

 

 
264,398

Series B Preferred shares
289,815

 

 

 
289,815

Additional paid in capital
1,052,259

 

 

 
1,052,259

Accumulated deficit
(222,007
)
 
17,514

 
(17,514
)
 
(222,007
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(4,956
)
 
(2,839
)
 
2,603

 
(5,192
)
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders’ equity
1,379,509

 
14,675

 
(14,911
)
 
1,379,273

Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
6,011

 
303,855

 
(29,204
)
 
280,662

Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group
881,055

 

 

 
881,055

Total Shareholders’ Equity
2,266,575

 
318,530

 
(44,115
)
 
2,540,990

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
$
6,127,760

 
$
1,310,276

 
$
(89,792
)
 
$
7,348,244


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Table of Contents

APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Apollo Global Management, LLC and Consolidated Subsidiaries
 
Consolidated Funds and VIEs
 
Eliminations
 
Consolidated
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
609,743

 
$
4

 
$

 
$
609,747

Restricted cash
3,457

 

 

 
3,457

U.S. Treasury securities, at fair value
392,932

 

 

 
392,932

Investments
2,811,445

 
558

 
(89,391
)
 
2,722,612

Assets of consolidated variable interest entities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents

 
49,671

 

 
49,671

Investments, at fair value

 
1,175,985

 
(308
)
 
1,175,677

Other assets

 
65,543

 

 
65,543

Incentive fees receivable
6,792

 

 

 
6,792

Due from related parties
379,525

 

 
(1,417
)
 
378,108

Deferred tax assets
306,094

 

 

 
306,094

Other assets
192,806

 

 
(637
)
 
192,169

Goodwill
88,852

 

 

 
88,852

Total Assets
$
4,791,646

 
$
1,291,761

 
$
(91,753
)
 
$
5,991,654

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
$
70,878

 
$

 
$

 
$
70,878

Accrued compensation and benefits
73,583

 

 

 
73,583

Deferred revenue
111,097

 

 

 
111,097

Due to related parties
425,435

 

 

 
425,435

Profit sharing payable
452,141

 

 

 
452,141

Debt
1,360,448

 

 

 
1,360,448

Liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt, at fair value

 
899,651

 
(44,190
)
 
855,461

Other liabilities

 
79,244

 
(267
)
 
78,977

Due to related parties

 
1,787

 
(1,787
)
 

Other liabilities
111,794

 

 

 
111,794

Total Liabilities
2,605,376

 
980,682

 
(46,244
)
 
3,539,814

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Series A Preferred shares
264,398

 

 

 
264,398

Series B Preferred shares
289,815

 

 

 
289,815

Additional paid in capital
1,299,418

 

 

 
1,299,418

Accumulated deficit
(473,275
)
 
17,673

 
(17,674
)
 
(473,276
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(3,925
)
 
(2,479
)
 
2,245

 
(4,159
)
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders’ equity
1,376,431

 
15,194

 
(15,429
)
 
1,376,196

Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
5,717

 
295,885

 
(30,080
)
 
271,522

Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group
804,122

 

 

 
804,122

Total Shareholders’ Equity
2,186,270

 
311,079

 
(45,509
)
 
2,451,840

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
$
4,791,646

 
$
1,291,761

 
$
(91,753
)
 
$
5,991,654


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ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Apollo Global Management, LLC’s condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ significantly from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those included in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the 2018 Annual Report. The highlights listed below have had significant effects on many items within our condensed consolidated financial statements and affect the comparison of the current period’s activity with those of prior periods.
General
Our Businesses
Founded in 1990, Apollo is a leading global alternative investment manager. We are a contrarian, value-oriented investment manager in credit, private equity and real assets with significant distressed expertise and a flexible mandate in the majority of our funds which enables our funds to invest opportunistically across a company’s capital structure. We raise, invest and manage funds on behalf of some of the world’s most prominent pension, endowment and sovereign wealth funds as well as other institutional and individual investors. Apollo is led by our Managing Partners, Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, who have worked together for more than 33 years and lead a team of 1,268 employees, including 423 investment professionals, as of June 30, 2019.
Apollo conducts its business primarily in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically. These businesses are conducted through the following three reportable segments:
(i)
Credit—primarily invests in non-control corporate and structured debt instruments including performing, stressed and distressed instruments across the capital structure;
(ii)
Private equity—primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt instruments; and
(iii)
Real assets—primarily invests in (i) real estate equity and infrastructure equity for the acquisition and recapitalization of real estate and infrastructure assets, portfolios, platforms and operating companies, (ii) real estate and infrastructure debt including first mortgage and mezzanine loans, preferred equity and commercial mortgage backed securities and (iii) European performing and non-performing loans, and unsecured consumer loans.
These business segments are differentiated based on the varying investment strategies. The performance is measured by management on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollo’s business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that exclude the effects of consolidation of any of the managed funds.
Our financial results vary since performance fees, which generally constitute a large portion of the income we receive from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.
In addition, the growth in our Fee-Generating AUM during the last year has primarily been in our credit segment. The average management fee rate for these new credit products is at market rates for such products and in certain cases is below our historical rates. Also, due to the complexity of these new product offerings, the Company has incurred and will continue to incur additional costs associated with managing these products. To date, these additional costs have been offset by realized economies of scale and ongoing cost management.
As of June 30, 2019, we had total AUM of $311.9 billion across all of our businesses. More than 90% of our total AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, and 49% of such AUM was in permanent capital vehicles.
As of December 31, 2017, Fund IX held its final closing, raising a total of $23.5 billion in third-party capital and approximately $1.2 billion of additional capital from Apollo and affiliated investors for total commitments of $24.7 billion. On December 31, 2013, Fund VIII held a final closing raising a total of $17.5 billion in third-party capital and approximately $880 million of additional capital from Apollo and affiliated investors, and as of June 30, 2019, Fund VIII had $3.1 billion of uncalled commitments remaining. Additionally, Fund VII held a final closing in December 2008, raising a total of $14.7 billion, and as of

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June 30, 2019, Fund VII had $1.8 billion of uncalled commitments remaining. We have consistently produced attractive long-term investment returns in our traditional private equity funds, generating a 39% gross IRR and a 25% net IRR on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2019. Apollo’s private equity fund appreciation was 2.5% and 7.2% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.
For our real assets segment, total gross return was 0.3% and 4.4% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. The gross return represents gross return for U.S. Real Estate Fund I and U.S. Real Estate Fund II including co-investment capital, Asia Real Estate Fund including co-investment capital, the European Principal Finance funds, and infrastructure equity funds.
For further detail related to fund performance metrics across all of our businesses, see “—The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds.”
Subsequent to December 31, 2018, the Company determined to change the business segment in which it reports certain funds and accounts to align its segment reporting with the manner in which such funds and accounts were managed. Effective January 1, 2019, the European Principal Finance Fund series, which has been historically reported in the credit segment, moved to the real assets segment. Several funds and accounts that generally invest in illiquid opportunistic investments and the latest fund in the Credit Opportunity Fund series, which have been historically reported in the credit segment, moved to the private equity segment. Certain commercial real estate mortgage loan assets, previously reported in the credit segment, moved to the real assets segment. These changes affected the composition, but not the determination, of Apollo’s reporting segments. 
Holding Company Structure
The diagram below depicts our current organizational structure: STRUCTURECHART8119.JPG
Note: The organizational structure chart above depicts a simplified version of the Apollo structure. It does not include all legal entities in the structure. Ownership percentages are as of August 1, 2019.
(1)
Based on a Form 13F for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on May 3, 2019 by the Strategic Investor, the Strategic Investor holds 7.7% of the Class A shares outstanding and 3.9% of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. The Class A shares held by investors other than the Strategic Investor represent 47.8% of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and 45.9% of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investor do not have voting rights. However, such Class A shares will become entitled to vote upon transfers by the Strategic Investor in accordance with the agreements entered into in connection with the investments made by the Strategic Investor.

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(2)
Our Managing Partners own BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., which in turn holds our only outstanding Class B share. The Class B share represents 52.2% of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote but no economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. Our Managing Partners’ economic interests are instead represented by their indirect beneficial ownership, through Holdings, of 45.6% of the limited partner interests in the Apollo Operating Group.
(3)
Through BRH Holdings, L.P., our Managing Partners indirectly beneficially own through estate planning vehicles, limited partner interests in Holdings.
(4)
Holdings owns 50.2% of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. The AOG Units held by Holdings are exchangeable for Class A shares. Our Managing Partners, through their interests in BRH and Holdings, beneficially own 45.6% of the AOG Units. Our Contributing Partners, through their ownership interests in Holdings, beneficially own 4.6% of the AOG Units.
(5)
BRH Holdings GP, Ltd. is the sole member of AGM Management, LLC, our manager. The management of Apollo Global Management, LLC is vested in our manager as provided in our operating agreement.
(6)
Represents 49.8% of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity, held through the intermediate holding companies. Apollo Global Management, LLC, also indirectly owns 100% of the general partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity.
Each of the Apollo Operating Group entities holds interests in different businesses or entities organized in different jurisdictions.
Our structure is designed to accomplish a number of objectives, the most important of which are as follows:
We are a holding company that is qualified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our intermediate holding companies enable us to maintain our partnership status and to meet the qualifying income exception.
We have historically used multiple management companies to segregate operations for business, financial and other reasons. Going forward, we may increase or decrease the number of our management companies, partnerships or other entities within the Apollo Operating Group based on our views regarding the appropriate balance between (a) administrative convenience and (b) continued business, financial, tax and other optimization.
Conversion to a C Corporation
On May 2, 2019, the Company announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation. The conversion is expected to be effective during the third quarter of 2019. The details of the conversion remain subject to the approval of the conflicts committee of Apollo Global Management, LLC’s board of directors and certain required regulatory approvals.
Business Environment
As a global investment manager, we are affected by numerous factors, including the condition of financial markets and the economy. Price fluctuations within equity, credit, commodity, foreign exchange markets, as well as interest rates, which may be volatile and mixed across geographies, can significantly impact the valuation of our funds’ portfolio companies and related income we may recognize.
In the U.S., the S&P 500 Index increased by 3.8% in the second quarter of 2019, following an increase of 13.1% in the first quarter of 2019. Outside the U.S., global equity markets appreciated during the quarter, with the MSCI All Country World ex USA Index increasing 4.1% following an increase of 10.6% in the first quarter of 2019.
Conditions in the credit markets also have a significant impact on our business. Credit markets were positive in the second quarter of 2019, with the BofAML HY Master II Index increasing 2.6%, while the S&P/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index increased 1.7%. The U.S. 10-year Treasury yield fell slightly in the quarter to 2.0%. On July 31, 2019, The Federal Reserve reduced the benchmark interest rate, lowering it by a quarter point to a target range of 2.00% to 2.25%.
Foreign exchange rates can materially impact the valuations of our investments and those of our funds that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Relative to the U.S. dollar, the Euro appreciated 1.4% in the second quarter of 2019, after depreciating by 2.2% in the first quarter of 2019, while the British pound depreciated 2.6% in the second quarter of 2019, after appreciating 2.2% in the first quarter of 2019. Commodities generally decreased in the second quarter of 2019, with copper, natural gas, and sugar depreciating, while gold appreciated. The price of crude oil depreciated by 2.8% during the quarter ended June 30, 2019.
In terms of economic conditions in the U.S., the Bureau of Economic Analysis reported real GDP increased at an annual rate of 2.1% in the second quarter of 2019, following an increase of 3.1% in the first quarter of 2019. As of July 2019, The International Monetary Fund estimated that the U.S. economy will expand by 2.6% in 2019 and 1.9% in 2020. Additionally, the U.S. unemployment rate stood at 3.7% as of June 30, 2019, slightly lower than in the previous quarter.

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Regardless of the market or economic environment at any given time, Apollo relies on its contrarian, value-oriented approach to consistently invest capital on behalf of its fund investors by focusing on opportunities that management believes are often overlooked by other investors. As such, Apollo’s global integrated investment platform deployed $5.2 billion and $9.5 billion of capital through the funds it manages during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. We believe Apollo’s expertise in credit and its focus on nine core industry sectors, combined with more than 29 years of investment experience, has allowed Apollo to respond quickly to changing environments. Apollo’s core industry sectors include chemicals, manufacturing and industrial, natural resources, consumer and retail, consumer services, business services, financial services, leisure, and media/telecom/technology. Apollo believes that these attributes have contributed to the success of its private equity funds investing in buyouts and credit opportunities during both expansionary and recessionary economic periods.
In general, institutional investors continue to allocate capital towards alternative investment managers for more attractive risk-adjusted returns in a low interest rate environment, and we believe the business environment remains generally accommodative to raise larger successor funds, launch new products, and pursue attractive strategic growth opportunities, such as continuing to grow the assets of our permanent capital vehicles. As such, Apollo had $12.2 billion and $37.1 billion of capital inflows during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. While Apollo continues to attract capital inflows, it also continues to generate realizations for fund investors. Apollo returned $2.2 billion and $3.9 billion of capital and realized gains to the investors in the funds it manages during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.
Managing Business Performance
We believe that the presentation of Segment Distributable Earnings, or “Segment DE”, supplements a reader’s understanding of the economic operating performance of each of our segments.
Segment Distributable Earnings and Distributable Earnings
Segment Distributable Earnings is the key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of Apollo’s credit, private equity and real assets segments. See note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details regarding the components of Segment DE. Distributable Earnings (“DE”) represents Segment DE less estimated current corporate, local and non-U.S. taxes as well as the current payable under Apollo’s tax receivable agreement. DE is net of preferred distributions, if any, to the Series A and Series B Preferred shareholders. DE excludes the impacts of the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities which arises from changes in estimated future tax rates. The economic assumptions and methodologies that impact the implied income tax provision are similar to those methodologies and certain assumptions used in calculating the income tax provision for Apollo’s condensed consolidated statements of operations under U.S. GAAP. Management believes that excluding the remeasurement of the tax receivable agreement and deferred taxes from Segment DE and DE, respectively, is meaningful as it increases comparability between periods. Remeasurement of the tax receivable agreement and deferred taxes are estimates that may change due to changes in the interpretation of tax law.
We believe that Segment DE is helpful for an understanding of our business and that investors should review the same supplemental financial measure that management uses to analyze our segment performance. This measure supplements and should be considered in addition to and not in lieu of the results of operations discussed below in “—Overview of Results of Operations” that have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details regarding management’s consideration of Segment DE.
Fee Related Earnings and Fee Related EBITDA
Fee Related Earnings is derived from our segment reported results and refers to a component of Segment DE that is used as a supplemental performance measure. See note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details regarding the components of FRE.
Fee related EBITDA is a non-U.S. GAAP measure derived from our segment reported results and is used to assess the performance of our operations as well as our ability to service current and future borrowings. Fee related EBITDA represents FRE plus amounts for depreciation and amortization. “Fee related EBITDA +100% of net realized performance fees” represents Fee related EBITDA plus realized performance fees less realized profit sharing expense.
We use Segment DE, DE, FRE and Fee related EBITDA as measures of operating performance, not as measures of liquidity. These measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income or other income data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The use of these measures without consideration of their related U.S. GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described above.

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Segment Strategies
Apollo determined to change the business segment in which it reports certain funds and accounts to align its segment reporting with the manner in which such funds and accounts were managed. Effective January 1, 2019, the European Principal Finance Fund series, which has been historically reported in the credit segment, moved to the real assets segment. Several funds and accounts that generally invest in illiquid opportunistic investments and the latest fund in the Credit Opportunity Fund series, which have been historically reported in the credit segment, moved to the private equity segment. Certain commercial real estate mortgage loan assets, previously reported in the credit segment, moved to the real assets segment. These changes affected the composition, but not the determination, of Apollo’s reporting segments.
In order to better reflect the grouping of synergistic credit strategies across the funds, accounts and permanent capital vehicles managed within our credit segment, Apollo has re-aligned its credit segment around four main strategies: corporate credit, structured credit, direct origination and advisory and other. The underlying assets managed within, and strategies employed by, Apollo’s credit segment have not changed as a result of this re-alignment.
Apollo has re-aligned its private equity segment around three strategies: traditional private equity, hybrid capital and natural resources. Hybrid capital includes our recently launched hybrid value strategy, other funds and accounts that generally invest in illiquid opportunistic investments and the latest fund in the Credit Opportunity Fund series.
Apollo has re-aligned its real assets segment around three strategies: real estate, principal finance and infrastructure. Real estate includes the commercial real estate mortgage loan assets discussed above, among other types of real estate assets. Principal finance includes our European Principal Finance Fund series.
Operating Metrics
We monitor certain operating metrics that are common to the alternative investment management industry. These operating metrics include Assets Under Management, capital deployed and uncalled commitments.
Assets Under Management
The tables below present Fee-Generating and Non-Fee-Generating AUM by segment:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Fee-Generating
$
163,089

 
$
47,082

 
$
25,965

 
$
236,136

Non-Fee-Generating
38,127

 
30,066

 
7,533

 
75,726

Total Assets Under Management
$
201,216

 
$
77,148

 
$
33,498

 
$
311,862

 
As of June 30, 2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Fee-Generating
$
132,602

 
$
47,835

 
$
21,798

 
$
202,235

Non-Fee-Generating
30,620

 
31,032

 
5,565

 
67,217

Total Assets Under Management
$
163,222

 
$
78,867

 
$
27,363

 
$
269,452

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Fee-Generating
$
144,071

 
$
46,633

 
$
23,663

 
$
214,367

Non-Fee-Generating
30,307

 
28,453

 
7,132

 
65,892

Total Assets Under Management
$
174,378

 
$
75,086

 
$
30,795

 
$
280,259


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The table below presents AUM with Future Management Fee Potential, which is a component of Non-Fee-Generating AUM, for each of Apollo’s three segments.
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
June 30, 2018
 
As of
December 31, 2018
 
(in millions)    
Credit
$
7,860

 
$
7,398

 
$
8,725

Private Equity
9,570

 
10,036

 
10,555

Real Assets
2,159

 
1,309

 
2,097

Total AUM with Future Management Fee Potential
$
19,589

 
$
18,743

 
$
21,377

The following tables present the components of Performance Fee-Eligible AUM for each of Apollo’s three segments:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Performance Fee-Generating AUM(1)
$
35,601

 
$
23,827

 
$
2,792

 
$
62,220

AUM Not Currently Generating Performance Fees
13,418

 
6,263

 
2,624

 
22,305

Uninvested Performance Fee-Eligible AUM
7,581

 
32,257

 
4,309

 
44,147

Total Performance Fee-Eligible AUM
$
56,600

 
$
62,347

 
$
9,725

 
$
128,672

 
As of June 30, 2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Performance Fee-Generating AUM(1)
$
27,254

 
$
26,510

 
$
2,218

 
$
55,982

AUM Not Currently Generating Performance Fees
12,463

 
3,745

 
1,043

 
17,251

Uninvested Performance Fee-Eligible AUM
6,774

 
34,914

 
5,402

 
47,090

Total Performance Fee-Eligible AUM
$
46,491

 
$
65,169

 
$
8,663

 
$
120,323

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Performance Fee-Generating AUM(1)
$
23,574

 
$
22,974

 
$
2,019

 
$
48,567

AUM Not Currently Generating Performance Fees
17,857

 
3,850

 
2,662

 
24,369

Uninvested Performance Fee-Eligible AUM
8,483

 
35,749

 
4,659

 
48,891

Total Performance Fee-Eligible AUM
$
49,914

 
$
62,573

 
$
9,340

 
$
121,827

(1)
Performance Fee-Generating AUM of $2.2 billion, $2.5 billion and $0.2 billion as of June 30, 2019, June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2018, respectively, are above the applicable hurdle rates or preferred returns, but in accordance with the adoption of the revenue recognition standard effective January 1, 2018, recognition of performance fees associated with such Performance Fee-Generating AUM have been deferred to future periods when the fees are probable to not be significantly reversed.

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The following table presents AUM Not Currently Generating Performance Fees for funds that have invested capital for more than 24 months as of June 30, 2019 and the corresponding appreciation required to reach the preferred return or high watermark in order to generate performance fees:
Strategy / Fund
 
Invested AUM Not Currently Generating Performance Fees
 
Investment Period Active > 24 Months
 
Appreciation Required to Achieve Performance Fees(1)
 
 
(in millions)
 
 
Credit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Credit
 
$
5,538

 
$
5,538

 
3%
Structured Credit
 
1,236

 
808

 
12%
Direct Origination
 
136

 

 
N/A
Advisory and Other
 
6,508

 

 
N/A
Total Credit
 
13,418

 
6,346

 
4%
Private Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANRP I
 
381

 
381

 
67%
Hybrid Capital
 
2,328

 
1,950

 
81%
Other PE
 
3,554

 
146

 
118%
Total Private Equity
 
6,263

 
2,477

 
81%
Real Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Real Assets
 
2,624

 
434

 
> 250bps
Total
 
$
22,305

 
$
9,257

 
 
(1)
All investors in a given fund are considered in aggregate when calculating the appreciation required to achieve performance fees presented above. Appreciation required to achieve performance fees may vary by individual investor. Funds with an investment period less than 24 months are “N/A”.
The components of Fee-Generating AUM by segment are presented below:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
Credit
 
Private
Equity
 
Real
Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Fee-Generating AUM based on capital commitments
$
3,284

 
$
26,849

 
$
5,405

 
$
35,538

Fee-Generating AUM based on invested capital
1,249

 
19,101

 
1,837

 
22,187

Fee-Generating AUM based on gross/adjusted assets
136,378

 
700

 
17,832

 
154,910

Fee-Generating AUM based on NAV
22,178

 
432

 
891

 
23,501

Total Fee-Generating AUM
$
163,089

 
$
47,082

(1) 
$
25,965

 
$
236,136

(1)
The weighted average remaining life of the traditional private equity funds as of June 30, 2019 was 83 months.
 
As of June 30, 2018
 
Credit
 
Private
Equity
 
Real
Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Fee-Generating AUM based on capital commitments
$
3,403

 
$
27,805

 
$
5,451

 
$
36,659

Fee-Generating AUM based on invested capital
1,106

 
18,677

 
5,946

 
25,729

Fee-Generating AUM based on gross/adjusted assets
109,695

 
807

 
10,336

 
120,838

Fee-Generating AUM based on NAV
18,398

 
546

 
65

 
19,009

Total Fee-Generating AUM
$
132,602

 
$
47,835

(1) 
$
21,798

 
$
202,235

(1)
The weighted average remaining life of the traditional private equity funds as of June 30, 2018 was 92 months.

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As of December 31, 2018
 
Credit
 
Private
Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Fee-Generating AUM based on capital commitments
$
3,403

 
$
26,849

 
$
5,419

 
$
35,671

Fee-Generating AUM based on invested capital
1,020

 
18,601

 
6,659

 
26,280

Fee-Generating AUM based on gross/adjusted assets
119,525

 
776

 
11,435

 
131,736

Fee-Generating AUM based on NAV
20,123

 
407

 
150

 
20,680

Total Fee-Generating AUM
$
144,071

 
$
46,633

(1) 
$
23,663

 
$
214,367

(1)
The weighted average remaining life of the traditional private equity funds as of December 31, 2018 was 89 months.
The following table presents total AUM and Fee-Generating AUM amounts for our credit segment by category type:
 
Total AUM
 
Fee-Generating AUM
 
As of
June 30,
 
As of
December 31,
 
As of
June 30,
 
As of
December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018
 
(in millions)
Corporate Credit
$
105,513

 
$
89,533

 
$
98,188

 
$
88,927

 
$
77,702

 
$
82,812

Structured Credit
49,662

 
39,358

 
42,693

 
43,651

 
34,417

 
37,932

Direct Origination
18,190

 
14,636

 
16,715

 
16,277

 
13,460

 
14,395

Advisory and Other
27,851

 
19,695

 
16,782

 
14,234

 
7,023

 
8,932

Total
$
201,216

 
$
163,222

 
$
174,378

 
$
163,089

 
$
132,602

 
$
144,071

Investment Management Agreement - AAM
Apollo, through its consolidated subsidiary, AAM, provides asset management services to Athene with respect to assets in the Athene Accounts, including asset allocation services, direct asset management services, asset and liability matching management, mergers and acquisitions, asset diligence, hedging and other asset management services and receives management fees for providing these services. The Company, through AAM, also provides sub-allocation services with respect to a portion of the assets in the Athene Accounts. See note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details regarding the fee rates of the investment management and sub-allocation fee arrangements with respect to the assets in the Athene Accounts.
The following table presents the aggregate Athene Sub-Allocated Total AUM by asset class:
 
As of June 30, 2019
 
(in millions)
Core Assets
$
31,052

Core Plus Assets
30,102

Yield Assets
44,457

High Alpha
4,238

Cash, Treasuries, Equity and Alternatives
9,181

Total
$
119,030

Investment Advisory and Sub-Advisory Agreements - AAME
Apollo, through AAME, sub-advises the Athora Accounts and broadly refers to “Athora Sub-Advised” assets as those assets in the Athora Accounts which the Company explicitly sub-advises as well as those assets in the Athora Accounts which are invested directly in funds and investment vehicles Apollo manages. The Company refers to the portion of the Athora AUM that is not Athora Sub-Advised AUM as “Athora Non-Sub Advised” AUM. See note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details regarding the fee arrangements with respect to the assets in the Athora Accounts.

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The following table presents Athora Sub-Advised and Athora Non-Sub-Advised AUM:
 
As of
June 30,
 
As of
December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018
 
(in millions)
Sub-Advised AUM
$
3,596

 
$
1,818

 
$
3,032

Non-Sub-Advised AUM
10,080

 
6,340

 
4,952

Total AUM
$
13,676

 
$
8,158

 
$
7,984

The following table presents total AUM and Fee-Generating AUM amounts for our private equity segment:
 
Total AUM
 
Fee-Generating AUM
 
As of
June 30,
 
As of
December 31,
 
As of
June 30,
 
As of
December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018
 
(in millions)
Private Equity Funds
$
61,771

 
$
64,970

 
$
60,680

 
$
39,578

 
$
40,117

 
$
39,519

Hybrid Capital
9,217

 
9,083

 
8,886

 
3,405

 
3,622

 
3,025

Natural Resources
6,160

 
4,814

 
5,520

 
4,099

 
4,096

 
4,089

Total
$
77,148

 
$
78,867

 
$
75,086

 
$
47,082

 
$
47,835

 
$
46,633

The following table presents total AUM and Fee-Generating AUM amounts for our real assets segment:
 
Total AUM
 
Fee-Generating AUM
 
As of
June 30,
 
As of
December 31,
 
As of
June 30,
 
As of
December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2018
 
(in millions)
Real Estate
$
24,441

 
$
19,394

 
$
21,971

 
$
19,035

 
$
15,375

 
$
16,873

Principal Finance
6,996

 
7,398

 
7,050

 
5,207

 
5,852

 
5,468

Infrastructure
2,061

 
571

 
1,774

 
1,723

 
571

 
1,322

Total
$
33,498

 
$
27,363

 
$
30,795

 
$
25,965

 
$
21,798

 
$
23,663

The following tables summarize changes in total AUM for each of Apollo’s three segments:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
 
Change in Total AUM(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of Period
$
193,669

 
$
77,325

 
$
32,000

 
$
302,994

 
$
146,636

 
$
76,852

 
$
23,928

 
$
247,416

Inflows
9,664

 
751

 
1,790

 
12,205

 
23,278

 
2,774

 
4,324

 
30,376

Outflows(2)
(2,917
)
 
(101
)
 
(173
)
 
(3,191
)
 
(5,189
)
 
(16
)
 

 
(5,205
)
Net Flows
6,747

 
650

 
1,617

 
9,014

 
18,089

 
2,758

 
4,324

 
25,171

Realizations
(486
)
 
(1,381
)
 
(333
)
 
(2,200
)
 
(468
)
 
(1,578
)
 
(848
)
 
(2,894
)
Market Activity(3)
1,286

 
554

 
214

 
2,054

 
(1,035
)
 
835

 
(41
)
 
(241
)
End of Period
$
201,216

 
$
77,148

 
$
33,498

 
$
311,862

 
$
163,222

 
$
78,867

 
$
27,363

 
$
269,452

(1)
At the individual segment level, inflows include new subscriptions, commitments, capital raised, other increases in available capital, purchases, acquisitions, and portfolio company appreciation. Outflows represent redemptions, other decreases in available capital and portfolio company depreciation. Realizations represent fund distributions of realized proceeds. Market activity represents gains (losses), the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations and other income.

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(2)
Outflows for Total AUM include redemptions of $1.6 billion and $148.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(3)
Includes foreign exchange impacts of $321.4 million, $15.4 million and $62.9 million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019, and foreign exchange impacts of $(1.5) billion, $(108.0) million and $(130.5) million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2018.
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Change in Total AUM(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of Period
$
174,378

 
$
75,086

 
$
30,795

 
$
280,259

 
$
144,807

 
$
80,694

 
$
23,427

 
$
248,928

Inflows
30,901

 
2,844

 
3,396

 
37,141

 
26,567

 
3,269

 
5,203

 
35,039

Outflows(2)
(5,279
)
 
(140
)
 
(399
)
 
(5,818
)
 
(6,585
)
 
(159
)
 

 
(6,744
)
Net Flows
25,622

 
2,704

 
2,997

 
31,323

 
19,982

 
3,110

 
5,203

 
28,295

Realizations
(720
)
 
(2,552
)
 
(668
)
 
(3,940
)
 
(1,887
)
 
(3,607
)
 
(1,469
)
 
(6,963
)
Market Activity(3)
1,936

 
1,910

 
374

 
4,220

 
320

 
(1,330
)
 
202

 
(808
)
End of Period
$
201,216

 
$
77,148

 
$
33,498

 
$
311,862

 
$
163,222

 
$
78,867

 
$
27,363

 
$
269,452

(1)
At the individual segment level, inflows include new subscriptions, commitments, capital raised, other increases in available capital, purchases, acquisitions and portfolio company appreciation. Outflows represent redemptions, other decreases in available capital and portfolio company depreciation. Realizations represent fund distributions of realized proceeds. Market activity represents gains (losses), the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations and other income.
(2)
Outflows for Total AUM include redemptions of $2.0 billion and $332.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(3)
Includes foreign exchange impacts of $(48.8) million, $(27.8) million and $22.5 million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, and foreign exchange impacts of $(750.8) million, $(46.9) million and $(42.1) million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Total AUM was $311.9 billion at June 30, 2019, an increase of $8.9 billion, or 2.9%, compared to $303.0 billion at March 31, 2019. The net increase was primarily due to:
Net flows of $9.0 billion primarily related to:
a $6.7 billion increase related to funds we manage in the credit segment primarily consisting of an increase in AUM relating to Athene of $5.5 billion driven by portfolio company activity and subscriptions of $2.8 billion across our corporate credit funds; these increases were partially offset by redemptions of $1.3 billion and net segment transfers of $1.1 billion;
a $1.6 billion increase related to funds we manage in the real assets segment primarily consisting of net segment transfers of $1.1 billion and subscriptions of $0.3 billion; and
a $0.7 billion increase related to funds we manage in the private equity segment primarily consisting of subscriptions of $0.6 billion primarily relating to certain hybrid capital funds.
Market activity of $2.1 billion primarily related to $1.3 billion and $0.6 billion of appreciation in the funds we manage in the credit and private equity segments, respectively.
Offsetting these increases were:
Realizations of $2.2 billion primarily related to:
$1.4 billion related to funds we manage in the private equity segment primarily consisting of distributions from Fund VI and other traditional private equity funds of $0.7 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively;
$0.5 billion related to funds we manage in the credit segment primarily consisting of distributions throughout the platform; and
$0.3 billion related to funds we manage in the real assets segment.
Total AUM was $311.9 billion at June 30, 2019, an increase of $31.6 billion, or 11.3%, compared to $280.3 billion at December 31, 2018. The net increase was primarily due to:

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Net flows of $31.3 billion primarily related to:
a $25.6 billion increase related to funds we manage in the credit segment primarily consisting of (i) an increase in AUM relating to Athene of $9.5 billion as a result of portfolio company activity, (ii) an increase in AUM in the advisory and other category as a result of the acquisition of Aspen Insurance Holdings Limited and Athora’s acquisition of Generali Belgium, which added approximately $7.5 billion and $6.5 billion of AUM, respectively, and (iii) subscriptions of $4.0 billion across our corporate credit funds; these increases were offset by net segment transfers of $2.6 billion;
a $3.0 billion increase related to funds we manage in the real assets segment primarily consisting of net segment transfers of $2.6 billion; and
a $2.7 billion increase related to funds we manage in the private equity segment consisting of subscriptions of $2.6 billion primarily related to certain traditional private equity fund co-investments and certain hybrid capital funds of $1.4 billion and $0.8 billion, respectively.
Market activity of $4.2 billion primarily related to $1.9 billion and $1.9 billion of appreciation in the funds we manage in the credit and private equity segments, respectively.
Offsetting these increases were:
Realizations of $3.9 billion primarily related to:
$2.6 billion related to funds we manage in the private equity segment primarily consisting of distributions of $1.1 billion, $0.6 billion and $0.4 billion from Fund VI, Fund VIII and certain hybrid capital funds, respectively;
$0.7 billion related to funds we manage in the credit segment primarily consisting of distributions from our direct origination funds; and
$0.7 billion related to funds we manage in the real assets segment primarily consisting of distributions from our principal finance funds.
The following tables summarize changes in Fee-Generating AUM for each of Apollo’s three segments:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
 
Change in Fee-Generating AUM(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of Period
$
156,860

 
$
46,372

 
$
25,033

 
$
228,265

 
$
116,722

 
$
47,519

 
$
18,226

 
$
182,467

Inflows
9,184

 
1,190

 
1,467

 
11,841

 
21,721

 
1,118

 
4,242

 
27,081

Outflows(2)
(3,548
)
 
(206
)
 
(473
)
 
(4,227
)
 
(5,203
)
 
(362
)
 

 
(5,565
)
Net Flows
5,636

 
984

 
994

 
7,614

 
16,518

 
756

 
4,242

 
21,516

Realizations
(177
)
 
(317
)
 
(164
)
 
(658
)
 
(242
)
 
(438
)
 
(586
)
 
(1,266
)
Market Activity(3)
770

 
43

 
102

 
915

 
(396
)
 
(2
)
 
(84
)
 
(482
)
End of Period
$
163,089

 
$
47,082

 
$
25,965

 
$
236,136

 
$
132,602

 
$
47,835

 
$
21,798

 
$
202,235

(1)
At the individual segment level, inflows include new subscriptions, commitments, capital raised, other increases in available capital, purchases, acquisitions and portfolio company appreciation. Outflows represent redemptions, other decreases in available capital and portfolio company depreciation. Realizations represent fund distributions of realized proceeds. Market activity represents gains (losses), the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations and other income.
(2)
Outflows for Fee-Generating AUM include redemptions of $1.5 billion and $135.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(3)
Includes foreign exchange impacts of $96.8 million, $(2.4) million and $27.4 million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019, and foreign exchange impacts of $(730.4) million, $(19.6) million and $(138.3) million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2018.

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For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
Credit
 
Private Equity
 
Real Assets
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Change in Fee-Generating AUM(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of Period
$
144,071

 
$
46,633

 
$
23,663

 
$
214,367

 
$
116,352

 
$
34,063

 
$
18,550

 
$
168,965

Inflows
23,529

 
1,323

 
2,947

 
27,799

 
24,738

 
24,647

 
4,243

 
53,628

Outflows(2)
(5,752
)
 
(433
)
 
(483
)
 
(6,668
)
 
(7,545
)
 
(10,443
)
 

 
(17,988
)
Net Flows
17,777

 
890

 
2,464

 
21,131

 
17,193

 
14,204

 
4,243

 
35,640

Realizations
(279
)
 
(511
)
 
(285
)
 
(1,075
)
 
(1,130
)
 
(455
)
 
(1,031
)
 
(2,616
)
Market Activity(3)
1,520

 
70

 
123

 
1,713

 
187

 
23

 
36

 
246

End of Period
$
163,089

 
$
47,082

 
$
25,965

 
$
236,136

 
$
132,602

 
$
47,835

 
$
21,798

 
$
202,235

(1)
At the individual segment level, inflows include new subscriptions, commitments, capital raised, other increases in available capital, purchases, acquisitions and portfolio company appreciation. Outflows represent redemptions, other decreases in available capital and portfolio company depreciation. Realizations represent fund distributions of realized proceeds. Market activity represents gains (losses), the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations and other income.
(2)
Outflows for Fee-Generating AUM include redemptions of $2.0 billion and $307.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(3)
Includes foreign exchange impacts of $(46.1) million, $(2.4) million and $(5.2) million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, and foreign exchange impacts of $(374.1) million, $(8.2) million and $(52.5) million for credit, private equity and real assets, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Total Fee-Generating AUM was $236.1 billion at June 30, 2019, an increase of $7.9 billion or 3.5%, compared to $228.3 billion at March 31, 2019. The net increase was primarily due to:
Net flows of $7.6 billion primarily related to:
a $5.6 billion increase related to funds we manage in the credit segment primarily consisting of an increase in AUM relating to Athene of $5.5 billion driven by portfolio company activity and an increase relating to fee-generating capital deployment of $1.5 billion; these increases were partially offset by net segment transfers of $0.9 billion and fee-generating capital reduction of $0.9 billion;
a $1.0 billion increase related to funds we manage in the real assets segment primarily consisting of $1.0 billion of net segment transfers; and
a $1.0 billion increase related to funds we manage in the private equity segment primarily consisting of fee-generating capital deployment of $1.2 billion.
Market activity of $0.9 billion primarily related to $0.8 billion of appreciation in the funds we manage in the credit segment.
Total Fee-Generating AUM was $236.1 billion at June 30, 2019, an increase of $21.8 billion or 10.2%, compared to $214.4 billion at December 31, 2018. The net increase was primarily due to:
Net flows of $21.1 billion primarily related to:
a $17.8 billion increase related to funds we manage in the credit segment primarily consisting of (i) an increase in AUM relating to Athene of $9.5 billion as a result of portfolio company activity, (ii) an increase in AUM in advisory and other as a result of Athora’s acquisition of Generali Belgium, which added approximately $6.5 billion of AUM and (iii) an increase relating to fee-generating capital deployment of $2.6 billion; these increases were partially offset by fee-generating capital reduction of $1.5 billion;
a $2.5 billion increase related to funds we manage in the real assets segment primarily consisting of net segment transfers of $2.1 billion and $0.5 billion of fee-generating deployment primarily related to certain infrastructure funds; and
a $0.9 billion increase related to funds we manage in the private equity segment primarily consisting of fee-generating capital deployment of $1.3 billion, offset by fee-generating capital reduction of $0.3 billion.
Market activity of $1.7 billion primarily related to:
a $1.5 billion increase related to funds we manage in the credit segment as a result of appreciation across our corporate credit funds.

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Capital Deployed and Uncalled Commitments
Capital deployed is the aggregate amount of capital that has been invested during a given period by our commitment-based funds, SIAs that have a defined maturity date and funds and SIAs in our real estate debt strategy. Uncalled commitments, by contrast, represents unfunded capital commitments that certain of Apollo’s funds and SIAs have received from fund investors to fund future or current fund investments and expenses.
Capital deployed and uncalled commitments are indicative of the pace and magnitude of fund capital that is deployed or will be deployed, and which therefore could result in future revenues that include management fees, transaction fees and performance fees to the extent they are fee-generating. Capital deployed and uncalled commitments can also give rise to future costs that are related to the hiring of additional resources to manage and account for the additional capital that is deployed or will be deployed. Management uses capital deployed and uncalled commitments as key operating metrics since we believe the results measure our fund’s investment activities.
Capital Deployed
The following table summarizes the capital deployed for funds and SIAs with a defined maturity date by segment:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(in millions)
 
(in millions)
Credit
$
1,837

 
$
897

 
$
2,746

 
$
1,501

Private Equity
2,540

 
1,746

 
5,655

 
3,168

Real Assets
821

 
783

 
1,076

 
973

Total capital deployed
$
5,198

 
$
3,426

 
$
9,477

 
$
5,642

Uncalled Commitments
The following table summarizes the uncalled commitments by segment:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
As of
December 31, 2018
 
(in millions)
Credit
$
8,317

 
$
8,066

Private Equity
38,798

 
41,585

Real Assets
5,388

 
5,980

Total uncalled commitments(1)
$
52,503

 
$
55,631

(1)
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, $44.4 billion and $48.5 billion, respectively, represented the amount of capital available for investment or reinvestment subject to the provisions of the applicable limited partnership agreements or other governing agreements of the funds, partnerships and accounts we manage. These amounts exclude uncalled commitments which can only be called for fund fees and expenses.
The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds
Below we present information relating to the historical performance of our funds, including certain legacy Apollo funds that do not have a meaningful amount of unrealized investments, and in respect of which the general partner interest has not been contributed to us.
When considering the data presented below, you should note that the historical results of our funds are not indicative of the future results that you should expect from such funds, from any future funds we may raise or from your investment in our Class A shares.
An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. The historical and potential future returns of the funds we manage are not directly linked to returns on our Class A shares. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of the funds we manage will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in our Class A shares. However, poor performance of the funds that we manage would cause a decline in our revenue from such funds, and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and in all likelihood the value of our Class A shares.

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Moreover, the historical returns of our funds should not be considered indicative of the future results you should expect from such funds or from any future funds we may raise. There can be no assurance that any Apollo fund will continue to achieve the same results in the future.
Finally, our private equity IRRs have historically varied greatly from fund to fund. For example, Fund IV generated a 12% gross IRR and a 9% net IRR since its inception through June 30, 2019, while Fund V generated a 61% gross IRR and a 44% net IRR since its inception through June 30, 2019. Accordingly, the IRR going forward for any current or future fund may vary considerably from the historical IRR generated by any particular fund, or for our private equity funds as a whole. Future returns will also be affected by the applicable risks, including risks of the industries and businesses in which a particular fund invests. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Businesses—The historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of our funds or of our future results or of any returns expected on an investment in our Class A shares and our Preferred shares” in the 2018 Annual Report.
Investment Record
The following table summarizes the investment record by segment of Apollo’s significant commitment-based funds that have a defined maturity date in which investors make a commitment to provide capital at the formation of such funds and deliver capital when called as investment opportunities become available. The funds included in the investment record table below have greater than $500 million of AUM and/or form part of a flagship series of funds.
All amounts are as of June 30, 2019, unless otherwise noted:
($ in millions)
Vintage
Year
 
Total AUM
 
Committed
Capital
 
Total Invested Capital
 
Realized Value
 
Remaining Cost
 
Unrealized Value
 
Total Value
 
Gross
IRR
 
Net
IRR
 
Private Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund IX
2018
 
$
24,522

 
$
24,729

 
$
2,081

 
$

 
$
2,081

 
$
2,182

 
$
2,182

 
NM

(1) 
NM

(1) 
Fund VIII
2013
 
20,499

 
18,377

 
15,760

 
5,859

 
12,827

 
17,025

 
22,884

 
17
%
 
12
%
 
Fund VII
2008
 
4,162

 
14,677

 
16,461

 
31,087

 
2,912

 
2,162

 
33,249

 
33

 
25

 
Fund VI
2006
 
640

 
10,136

 
12,457

 
21,102

 
405

 
28

 
21,130

 
12

 
9

 
Fund V
2001
 
261

 
3,742

 
5,192

 
12,715

 
120

 
6

 
12,721

 
61

 
44

 
Fund I, II, III, IV & MIA(2)
Various
 
13

 
7,320

 
8,753

 
17,400

 

 

 
17,400

 
39

 
26

 
Traditional Private Equity Funds(3)
 
 
$
50,097

 
$
78,981

 
$
60,704

 
$
88,163

 
$
18,345

 
$
21,403

 
$
109,566

 
39
%
 
25
%
 
ANRP II
2016
 
3,450

 
3,454

 
2,128

 
849

 
1,754

 
2,113

 
2,962

 
29

 
16

 
ANRP I
2012
 
637

 
1,323

 
1,144

 
968

 
655

 
411

 
1,379

 
6

 
2

 
AION
2013
 
779

 
826

 
668

 
288

 
471

 
638

 
926

 
19

 
9

 
Hybrid Value Fund
2019
 
3,230

 
3,238

 
530

 
7

 
530

 
534

 
541

 
NM

(1) 
NM

(1) 
Total Private Equity
 
 
$
58,193

 
$
87,822

 
$
65,174

 
$
90,275

 
$
21,755

 
$
25,099

 
$
115,374

 
 
 
 
 
Credit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Structured Credit Funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FCI III
2017
 
$
2,628

 
$
1,906

 
$
2,265

 
$
781

 
$
1,888

 
$
2,031

 
$
2,812

 
NM

(1) 
NM

(1) 
FCI II
2013
 
2,248

 
1,555

 
2,643

 
1,572

 
1,718

 
1,640

 
3,212

 
9
%
 
5
%
 
FCI I
2012
 
403

 
559

 
1,516

 
1,968

 

 

 
1,968

 
11

 
9

 
SCRF IV (6)
2017
 
2,928

 
2,502

 
2,795

 
1,087

 
1,955

 
2,021

 
3,108

 
NM

(1) 
NM

(1) 
SCRF III
2015
 

 
1,238

 
2,110

 
2,428

 

 

 
2,428

 
18

 
14

 
SCRF II
2012
 

 
104

 
467

 
528

 

 

 
528

 
15

 
12

 
SCRF I
2008
 

 
118

 
240

 
357

 

 

 
357

 
33

 
26

 
Total Credit
 
 
$
8,207

 
$
7,982


$
12,036

 
$
8,721

 
$
5,561

 
$
5,692

 
$
14,413

 
 
 
 
 
Real Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
European Principal Finance Funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EPF III(4)
2017
 
$
4,575

 
$
4,531

 
$
2,040

 
$
22

 
$
2,018

 
$
2,171

 
$
2,193

 
NM

(1) 
NM

(1) 
EPF II(4)
2012
 
1,822

 
3,454

 
3,486

 
4,070

 
870

 
978

 
5,048

 
16
%
 
9
%
 
EPF I(4)
2007
 
240

 
1,473

 
1,936

 
3,251

 

 
10

 
3,261

 
23

 
17

 
U.S. RE Fund II(5)
2016
 
1,206

 
1,233

 
806

 
371

 
588

 
706

 
1,077

 
17

 
14

 
U.S. RE Fund I(5)
2012
 
348

 
650

 
633

 
693

 
232

 
256

 
949

 
14

 
11

 
Asia RE Fund(5)
2017
 
642

 
709

 
338

 
200

 
184

 
236

 
436

 
20

 
14

 
Infrastructure Equity Fund
2018
 
944

 
897

 
768

 
80

 
713

 
750

 
830

 
NM

(1) 
NM

(1) 
Total Real Assets
 
 
$
9,777

 
$
12,947

 
$
10,007

 
$
8,687

 
$
4,605

 
$
5,107

 
$
13,794

 
 
 
 
 
(1)
Data has not been presented as the fund commenced investing capital less than 24 months prior to the period indicated and such information was deemed not meaningful.

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(2)
The general partners and managers of Funds I, II and MIA, as well as the general partner of Fund III, were excluded assets in connection with the 2007 Reorganization. As a result, Apollo did not receive the economics associated with these entities. The investment performance of these funds, combined with Fund IV, is presented to illustrate fund performance associated with Apollo’s Managing Partners and other investment professionals.
(3)
Total IRR is calculated based on total cash flows for all funds presented.
(4)
Funds are denominated in Euros and historical figures are translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of €1.00 to $1.14 as of June 30, 2019.
(5)
U.S. RE Fund I, U.S. RE Fund II and Asia RE Fund had $154 million, $761 million and $366 million of co-investment commitments as of June 30, 2019, respectively, which are included in the figures in the table. A co-invest entity within U.S. RE Fund I is denominated in pound sterling and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of £1.00 to $1.27 as of June 30, 2019.
(6)
Remaining cost for certain of our credit funds may include physical cash called, invested or reserved for certain levered investments.
Private Equity
The following table summarizes the investment record for distressed investments made in our traditional private equity fund portfolios, since the Company’s inception. All amounts are as of June 30, 2019:
 
Total Invested Capital
 
Total Value
 
Gross IRR
 
(in millions)
 
 
Distressed for Control
$
7,915

 
$
19,109

 
29
%
Non-Control Distressed
5,416

 
8,460

 
71

Total
13,331

 
27,569

 
49

Corporate Carve-outs, Opportunistic Buyouts and Other Credit(1)
47,373

 
81,997

 
21

Total
$
60,704

 
$
109,566

 
39
%
 
(1)
Other Credit is defined as investments in debt securities of issuers other than portfolio companies that are not considered to be distressed.
The following tables provide additional detail on the composition of the Fund VIII, Fund VII and Fund VI private equity portfolios based on investment strategy. Amounts for Fund I, II, III, IV, V and IX are included in the table above but not presented below as their remaining value is less than $100 million, the fund has been liquidated or the fund commenced investing capital less than 24 months prior to June 30, 2019 and such information was deemed not meaningful. All amounts are as of June 30, 2019:
Fund VIII(1) 
 
Total Invested Capital
 
Total Value
 
(in millions)
Corporate Carve-outs
$
2,673


$
5,225

Opportunistic Buyouts
12,543


16,810

Distressed
544


849

Total
$
15,760

 
$
22,884

Fund VII(1) 
 
Total Invested Capital
 
Total Value
 
(in millions)
Corporate Carve-outs
$
2,540


$
3,906

Opportunistic Buyouts
4,338


10,642

Distressed/Other Credit(2)
9,583


18,701

Total
$
16,461

 
$
33,249


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Fund VI
 
Total Invested Capital
 
Total Value
 
(in millions)
Corporate Carve-outs
$
3,397


$
5,900

Opportunistic Buyouts
6,374


10,254

Distressed/Other Credit(2)
2,686


4,976

Total
$
12,457

 
$
21,130

(1)
Committed capital less unfunded capital commitments for Fund VIII and Fund VII $15.5 billion and $14.4 billion, respectively, which represents capital commitments from limited partners to invest in such funds less capital that is available for investment or reinvestment subject to the provisions of the applicable limited partnership agreement or other governing agreements.
(2)
The distressed investment strategy includes distressed for control, non-control distressed and other credit.
During the recovery and expansionary periods of 1994 through 2000 and late 2003 through the first half of 2007, our private equity funds invested or committed to invest approximately $13.7 billion primarily in traditional and corporate partner buyouts. During the recessionary periods of 1990 through 1993, 2001 through late 2003 and the recessionary and post recessionary periods (beginning the second half of 2007 through June 30, 2019), our private equity funds have invested $53.4 billion, of which $19.7 billion was in distressed buyouts and debt investments when the debt securities of quality companies traded at deep discounts to par value. Our average entry multiple for Fund VIII, VII and VI was 5.7x, 6.1x and 7.7x, respectively, as of June 30, 2019. Our average entry multiple for a private equity fund is the average of the total enterprise value over an applicable adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization which may incorporate certain adjustments based on the investment team’s estimate and we believe captures the true economics of our funds’ investments in portfolio companies. The average entry multiple of actively investing funds may include committed investments not yet closed.
Credit
The following table presents the gross and net returns for Apollo’s credit segment by category type:
 
Gross Returns
 
Net Returns
Category
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Corporate Credit
    2.3
%
 
    6.4
%
 
    2.1
%
 
    5.8
%
Structured Credit
4.0

 
8.4

 
3.3

 
6.9

Direct Origination
3.3

 
6.3

 
2.6

 
4.8

Permanent Capital
The following table summarizes the investment record for our permanent capital vehicles by segment, excluding Athene-related and Athora-related assets managed or advised by Athene Asset Management and AAME:
 
 
 
 
 
Total Returns(1)
 
IPO Year(2)
 
Total AUM
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Credit:
 
 
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MidCap(3)
N/A
 
$
9,064

 
5
%
 
8
%
 
5
 %
 
9
%
AIF
2013
 
376

 
3
 
 
12

 
1
 
 
3

AFT
2011
 
404

 
3
 
 
8

 
(1
)
 
4

AINV/Other(4)
2004
 
5,304

 
7
 
 
35

 
10
 
 
4

Real Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ARI
2009
 
5,662

 
4
 %
 
16
%
 
4
  %
 
4
%
Total
 
 
$
20,810

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
Total returns are based on the change in closing trading prices during the respective periods presented taking into account dividends and distributions, if any, as if they were reinvested without regard to commission.
(2)
An IPO year represents the year in which the vehicle commenced trading on a national securities exchange.

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(3)
MidCap is not a publicly traded vehicle and therefore IPO year is not applicable. The returns presented are a gross return based on NAV. The net returns based on NAV were 3% and 3% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 6% and 6% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.
(4)
Included within Total AUM of AINV/Other is $1.9 billion of AUM related to a non-traded business development company from which Apollo earns investment-related service fees, but for which Apollo does not provide management or advisory services. Net returns exclude performance related to this AUM.
SIAs
As of June 30, 2019, Apollo managed approximately $26 billion of total AUM in SIAs, which include capital deployed from certain SIAs across Apollo’s credit, private equity and real assets funds.
Overview of Results of Operations
Revenues
Advisory and Transaction Fees, Net. As a result of providing advisory services with respect to actual and potential credit, private equity, and real assets investments, we are entitled to receive fees for transactions related to the acquisition and, in certain instances, disposition of portfolio companies as well as fees for ongoing monitoring of portfolio company operations and directors’ fees. We also receive advisory fees for advisory services provided to certain credit funds. In addition, monitoring fees are generated on certain structured portfolio company investments. Under the terms of the limited partnership agreements for certain funds, the management fee payable by the funds may be subject to a reduction based on a certain percentage of such advisory and transaction fees, net of applicable broken deal costs (“Management Fee Offset”). Such amounts are presented as a reduction to advisory and transaction fees, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations (see note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more detail on advisory and transaction fees, net).
The Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund as follows:
65%-100% for certain credit funds, gross advisory, transaction and other special fees;
65%-100% for private equity funds, gross advisory, transaction and other special fees; and
65%-100% for certain real assets funds, gross advisory, transaction and other special fees.
Management Fees. The significant growth of the assets we manage has had a positive effect on our revenues. Management fees are typically calculated based upon any of “net asset value,” “gross assets,” “adjusted par asset value,” “adjusted costs of all unrealized portfolio investments,” “capital commitments,” “invested capital,” “adjusted assets,” “capital contributions,” or “stockholders’ equity,” each as defined in the applicable limited partnership agreement and/or management agreement of the unconsolidated funds.
Performance Fees. The general partners of our funds are entitled to an incentive return of normally up to 20% of the total returns of a fund’s capital, depending upon performance of the underlying funds and subject to preferred returns and high water marks, as applicable. Performance fees, categorized as performance allocations, are accounted for as an equity method investment, and effectively, the performance fees for any period are based upon an assumed liquidation of the funds’ assets at the reporting date, and distribution of the net proceeds in accordance with the funds’ allocation provisions. Performance fees categorized as incentive fees, which are not accounted as an equity method investment, are deferred until fees are probable to not be significantly reversed. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue recognition guidance, incentive fees were recognized on an assumed liquidation basis. The majority of performance fees are comprised of performance allocations.
As of June 30, 2019, approximately 53% of the value of our funds’ investments on a gross basis was determined using market-based valuation methods (i.e., reliance on broker or listed exchange quotes) and the remaining 47% was determined primarily by comparable company and industry multiples or discounted cash flow models. For our credit, private equity and real assets segments, the percentage determined using market-based valuation methods as of June 30, 2019 was 75%, 19% and 17%, respectively. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Businesses—Our funds’ performance, and our performance, may be adversely affected by the financial performance of our funds’ portfolio companies and the industries in which our funds invest” in the 2018 Annual Report for a discussion regarding certain industry-specific risks that could affect the fair value of our private equity funds’ portfolio company investments.
In our private equity funds, the Company does not earn performance fees until the investors in the fund have achieved cumulative investment returns on invested capital (including management fees and expenses) in excess of an 8% hurdle rate. Additionally, certain of our credit and real assets funds have various performance fee rates and hurdle rates. Certain of our credit and real assets funds allocate performance fees to the general partner in a similar manner as the private equity funds. In our private

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equity, certain credit and real assets funds, so long as the investors achieve their priority returns, there is a catch-up formula whereby the Company earns a priority return for a portion of the return until the Company’s performance fees equate to its incentive fee rate for that fund; thereafter, the Company participates in returns from the fund at the performance fee rate. Performance fees, categorized as performance allocations, are subject to reversal to the extent that the performance fees distributed exceed the amount due to the general partner based on a fund’s cumulative investment returns. The Company recognizes potential repayment of previously received performance fees as a general partner obligation representing all amounts previously distributed to the general partner that would need to be repaid to the Apollo funds if these funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds’ investments as of the reporting date. The actual general partner obligation, however, would not become payable or realized until the end of a fund’s life or as otherwise set forth in the respective limited partnership agreement of the fund.
The table below presents an analysis of Apollo’s (i) performance fees receivable on an unconsolidated basis and (ii) realized and unrealized performance fees for Apollo’s combined segments:
 
As of
June 30, 2019
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Performance Fees Receivable on an Unconsolidated Basis
 
Unrealized Performance Fees
 
Realized Performance Fees
 
Total Performance Fees
 
Unrealized Performance Fees
 
Realized Performance Fees
 
Total Performance Fees
 
(in thousands)
Credit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Credit(1)
$
57,797

 
$
20,823

 
$
4,139

 
$
24,962

 
$
51,079

 
$
7,466

 
$
58,545

Structured Credit
175,512

 
13,974

 
16,882

 
30,856

 
36,516

 
16,536

 
53,052

Direct Origination
96,093

 
6,578

 
6,270

 
12,848

 
13,459

 
7,277

 
20,736

Total Credit
$
329,402

 
$
41,375

 
$
27,291

 
$
68,666

 
$
101,054

 
$
31,279

 
$
132,333

Total Credit, net of profit sharing expense
96,189

 
23,476

 
19,414

 
42,890

 
56,479

 
19,884

 
76,363

Private Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund VIII(2)
$
622,949

 
$
113,408

 
$
10,054

 
$
123,462

 
$
181,754

 
$
67,533

 
$
249,287

Fund VII(1)(2)
224

 
(43,653
)
 
743

 
(42,910
)
 
(23,237
)
 
1,477

 
(21,760
)
Fund VI(2)
14,695

 
7,408

 
965

 
8,373

 
27,473

 
1,919

 
29,392

Fund IV and V(1)

 
(655
)
 

 
(655
)
 
(1,253
)
 

 
(1,253
)
ANRP I and II(1)(2)
53,876

 
12,885

 
330

 
13,215

 
19,703

 
655

 
20,358

Other(1)(3)
70,497

 
4,124

 
139

 
4,263

 
17,626

 
1,103

 
18,729

Total Private Equity
$
762,241

 
$
93,517

 
$
12,231

 
$
105,748

 
$
222,066

 
$
72,687

 
$
294,753

Total Private Equity, net of profit sharing expense
461,157

 
68,159

 
8,142

 
76,301

 
145,351

 
30,871

 
176,222

Real Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal Finance
$
106,963

 
$
(9,101
)
 
$
1,742

 
$
(7,359
)
 
$
(15,217
)
 
$
1,760

 
$
(13,457
)
U.S. RE Fund I & II
13,383

 
(1,679
)
 
1,446

 
(233
)
 
(3,291
)
 
1,645

 
(1,646
)
Infrastructure Equity Fund
5,077

 
2,393

 

 
2,393

 
5,077

 

 
5,077

Other(3)
15,717

 
3,174

 
(114
)
 
3,060

 
4,373

 
(325
)
 
4,048

Total Real Assets
$
141,140

 
$
(5,213
)
 
$
3,074

 
$
(2,139
)
 
$
(9,058
)
 
$
3,080

 
$
(5,978
)
Total Real Assets, net of profit sharing expense
79,483

 
(2,755
)
 
1,734

 
(1,021
)
 
(4,329
)
 
1,846

 
(2,483
)
Total
$
1,232,783

 
$
129,679

 
$
42,596

 
$
172,275

 
$
314,062

 
$
107,046

 
$
421,108

Total, net of profit sharing expense(4)
$
636,829

 
$
88,880

 
$
29,290

 
$
118,170

 
$
197,501

 
$
52,601

 
$
250,102

(1)
As of June 30, 2019, certain credit funds, private equity funds and real assets funds had $0.3 million, $147.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in general partner obligations to return previously distributed performance fees. The fair value gain on investments and income at the fund level needed to reverse the general partner obligations for certain credit funds, private equity funds and real assets funds was $1.6 million, $1,182.1 million and $2.0 million respectively, as of June 30, 2019.
(2)
As of June 30, 2019, the remaining investments and escrow cash of Fund VIII were valued at 125% of the fund’s unreturned capital, which was above the required escrow ratio of 115%. As of June 30, 2019, the remaining investments and escrow cash of Fund VII, Fund VI, ANRP I and ANRP II were valued at 73%, 37%, 62% and 112% of the fund’s unreturned capital, respectively, which were below the required escrow ratio of 115%. As a result, these funds are required to place in escrow current and future performance fee distributions to the general partner until the specified return ratio of 115% is met (at the time of a future distribution) or upon liquidation. As of June 30, 2019, Fund VII had $128.5 million of gross performance fees, or $73.1 million net of profit sharing, in escrow. As of June 30, 2019, Fund VI had $167.6 million of gross performance fees, or $112.4 million net of profit sharing, in escrow. As of June 30, 2019, ANRP I had $40.2 million of gross performance fees, or $25.2 million net of profit sharing, in escrow. As of June 30, 2019, ANRP II had $18.4 million of gross performance fees, or $12.5 million net of profit sharing, in escrow. With respect to Fund VII, Fund VI, ANRP II and ANRP I, realized performance fees currently distributed to the general partner are limited to potential tax distributions and interest on escrow balances per the funds’ partnership agreements. Performance fees receivable as of June 30, 2019 and realized performance fees include interest earned on escrow balances that is not subject to contingent repayment.
(3)
Other includes certain SIAs.
(4)
There was a corresponding profit sharing payable of $596.0 million as of June 30, 2019, including profit sharing payable related to amounts in escrow and contingent consideration obligations of $93.2 million.

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The general partners of certain of our credit funds accrue performance fees, categorized as performance allocations, when the fair value of investments exceeds the cost basis of the individual investors’ investments in the fund, including any allocable share of expenses incurred in connection with such investments, which we refer to as “high water marks.” These high water marks are applied on an individual investor basis. Certain of our credit funds have investors with various high water marks, the achievement of which is subject to market conditions and investment performance.
Performance fees from our private equity funds and certain credit and real assets funds are subject to contingent repayment by the general partner in the event of future losses to the extent that the cumulative performance fees distributed from inception to date exceeds the amount computed as due to the general partner at the final distribution. These general partner obligations, if applicable, are included in due to related parties on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
The following table summarizes our performance fees since inception for our combined segments through June 30, 2019:
 
Performance Fees Since Inception(1)
 
Undistributed by Fund and Recognized
 
Distributed by Fund and Recognized(2)
 
Total Undistributed and Distributed by Fund and Recognized(3)
 
General Partner Obligation(3)
 
Maximum Performance Fees Subject to Potential Reversal(4)
 
(in millions)
Credit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Credit
$
57.8

 
$
1,079.6

 
$
1,137.4

 
$
0.3

 
$
77.3

Structured Credit
175.5

 
143.5

 
319.0

 

 
141.7

Direct Origination
96.1

 
10.0

 
106.1

 

 
88.1

Total Credit
329.4

 
1,233.1

 
1,562.5

 
0.3

 
307.1

Private Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund VIII
622.9

 
498.1

 
1,121.0

 

 
918.9

Fund VII
0.2

 
3,130.2

 
3,130.4

 
61.8

 
421.6

Fund VI
14.7

 
1,663.9

 
1,678.6

 

 
5.6

Fund IV and V

 
2,053.1

 
2,053.1

 
30.5

 
1.3

ANRP I and II
53.9

 
91.0

 
144.9

 
12.0

 
71.8

Other
70.5

 
707.4

 
777.9

 
42.8

 
100.8

Total Private Equity
762.2

 
8,143.7

 
8,905.9

 
147.1

 
1,520.0

Real Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal Finance
107.0

 
375.5

 
482.5

 

 
236.9

U.S. RE Fund I and II
13.4

 
27.8

 
41.2

 
0.5

 
35.1

Infrastructure Equity Fund
5.1

 

 
5.1

 

 
5.1

Other(5)
15.7

 
30.7

 
46.4

 

 
24.5

Total Real Assets
141.2

 
434.0

 
575.2

 
0.5

 
301.6

Total
$
1,232.8

 
$
9,810.8

 
$
11,043.6

 
$
147.9

 
$
2,128.7

(1)
Certain funds are denominated in Euros and historical figures are translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of €1.00 to $1.14 as of June 30, 2019. Certain funds are denominated in pound sterling and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of £1.00 to $1.27 as of June 30, 2019.
(2)
Amounts in “Distributed by Fund and Recognized” for the CPI, Gulf Stream Asset Management, LLC (“Gulf Stream”) and Stone Tower funds and SIAs are presented for activity subsequent to the respective acquisition dates.
(3)
Amounts were computed based on the fair value of fund investments on June 30, 2019. Performance fees have been allocated to and recognized by the general partner. Based on the amount allocated, a portion is subject to potential reversal or, to the extent applicable, has been reduced by the general partner obligation to return previously distributed performance fees at June 30, 2019. The actual determination and any required payment of any such general partner obligation would not take place until the final disposition of the fund’s investments based on contractual termination of the fund.
(4)
Represents the amount of performance fees that would be reversed if remaining fund investments became worthless on June 30, 2019. Amounts subject to potential reversal of performance fees include amounts undistributed by a fund (i.e., the performance fees receivable), as well as a portion of the amounts that have been distributed by a fund, net of taxes not subject to a general partner obligation to return previously distributed performance fees, except for those funds that are gross of taxes as defined in the respective funds’ governing documents.
(5)
Other includes certain SIAs.

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Expenses
Compensation and Benefits. Our most significant expense is compensation and benefits expense. This consists of fixed salary, discretionary and non-discretionary bonuses, profit sharing expense associated with the performance fees earned from credit, private equity, and real assets funds and compensation expense associated with the vesting of non-cash equity-based awards.
Our compensation arrangements with certain partners and employees contain a significant performance-based incentive component. Therefore, as our net revenues increase, our compensation costs rise. Our compensation costs also reflect the increased investment in people as we expand geographically and create new funds.
In addition, certain professionals and selected other individuals have a profit sharing interest in the performance fees earned in relation to our private equity, certain credit and real assets funds in order to better align their interests with our own and with those of the investors in these funds. Profit sharing expense is part of our compensation and benefits expense and is generally based upon a fixed percentage of credit, private equity and real assets performance fees. Profit sharing expense can reverse during periods when there is a decline in performance fees that were previously recognized. Profit sharing amounts are normally distributed to employees after the corresponding investment gains have been realized and generally before preferred returns are achieved for the investors. Therefore, changes in our unrealized performance fees have the same effect on our profit sharing expense. Profit sharing expense increases when unrealized performance fees increases. Realizations only impact profit sharing expense to the extent that the effects on investments have not been recognized previously. If losses on other investments within a fund are subsequently realized, the profit sharing amounts previously distributed are normally subject to a general partner obligation to return performance fees previously distributed back to the funds. This general partner obligation due to the funds would be realized only when the fund is liquidated, which generally occurs at the end of the fund’s term. However, indemnification obligations also exist for realized gains with respect to Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI, which, although our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners would remain personally liable, may indemnify our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners for 17.5% to 100% of the previously distributed profits regardless of the fund’s future performance. See note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s indemnification liability.
Each Managing Partner receives $100,000 per year in base salary for services rendered to us. Additionally, our Managing Partners can receive other forms of compensation. In addition, AHL Awards (as defined in note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements) and other equity-based compensation awards have been granted to the Company and certain employees, which amortize over the respective vesting periods. The Company grants equity awards to certain employees, including RSUs, restricted Class A shares and options, that generally vest and become exercisable in quarterly installments or annual installments depending on the contract terms over a period of three to six years. In some instances, vesting of an RSU is also subject to the Company’s receipt of performance fees, within prescribed periods, sufficient to cover the associated equity-based compensation expense. See note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of equity-based compensation.
Other Expenses. The balance of our other expenses includes interest, placement fees, and general, administrative and other operating expenses. Interest expense consists primarily of interest related to the 2013 AMH Credit Facilities, the 2018 AMH Credit Facility, the 2024 Senior Notes, the 2026 Senior Notes, the 2029 Senior Notes, the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes and the 2048 Senior Notes as discussed in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. Placement fees are incurred in connection with our capital raising activities. General, administrative and other expenses includes occupancy expense, depreciation and amortization, professional fees and costs related to travel, information technology and administration. Occupancy expense represents charges related to office leases and associated expenses, such as utilities and maintenance fees. Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets is normally calculated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, ranging from two to sixteen years, taking into consideration any residual value. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the expected term of the lease. Intangible assets are amortized based on the future cash flows over the expected useful lives of the assets.
Other Income (Loss)
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities. Net gains (losses) from investment activities include both realized gains and losses and the change in unrealized gains and losses in our investment portfolio between the opening reporting date and the closing reporting date. Net unrealized gains (losses) are a result of changes in the fair value of unrealized investments and reversal of unrealized gains (losses) due to dispositions of investments during the reporting period. Significant judgment and estimation goes into the assumptions that drive these models and the actual values realized with respect to investments could be materially different from values obtained based on the use of those models. The valuation methodologies applied impact the reported value of investment company holdings and their underlying portfolios in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities of Consolidated Variable Interest Entities. Changes in the fair value of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income and expenses subsequent to consolidation are presented within net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities and are attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Other Income (Losses), Net. Other income (losses), net includes gains (losses) arising from the remeasurement of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, remeasurement of the tax receivable agreement liability and other miscellaneous non-operating income and expenses.
Income Taxes. The Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries generally operate as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, except as described below, the Apollo Operating Group has not been subject to U.S. income taxes. However, the U.S. entities, in some cases, are subject to New York City unincorporated business tax (“NYC UBT”), and non-U.S. entities, in some cases, are subject to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, certain consolidated entities are, or are treated as, corporations for U.S. and non-U.S. tax purposes and therefore subject to federal, state, local and foreign corporate income tax. The Company's provision for income taxes is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes and in evaluating income tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties. We recognize the income tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is “more likely than not” to be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation, based on the technical merits of the positions. The tax benefit is measured as the largest amount of benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If a tax position is not considered more likely than not to be sustained, then no benefits of the position are recognized. The Company’s income tax positions are reviewed and evaluated quarterly to determine whether or not we have uncertain tax positions that require financial statement recognition or de-recognition.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences, using currently enacted tax rates, of differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Non-Controlling Interests
For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than Apollo. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by the Company is included in Non-Controlling Interests in the condensed consolidated financial statements. The Non-Controlling Interests relating to Apollo Global Management, LLC primarily include the 50.2% and 50.1% ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group held by the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their limited partner interests in Holdings as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Non-Controlling Interests also include limited partner interests in certain consolidated funds and VIEs.
The authoritative guidance for Non-Controlling Interests in the condensed consolidated financial statements requires reporting entities to present Non-Controlling Interest as equity and provides guidance on the accounting for transactions between an entity and Non-Controlling Interests. According to the guidance, (1) Non-Controlling Interests are presented as a separate component of shareholders’ equity on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, (2) net income (loss) includes the net income (loss) attributable to the Non-Controlling Interest holders on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interest are separately presented in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity to clearly distinguish the interests in the Apollo Operating Group and other ownership interests in the consolidated entities and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis.

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Results of Operations
Below is a discussion of our condensed consolidated results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. For additional analysis of the factors that affected our results at the segment level, see “—Segment Analysis” below:
 
For the Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Amount
Change
 
Percentage
Change
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Amount
Change
 
Percentage
Change
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
Revenues:
(in thousands)
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Management fees
$
388,215

 
$
341,626

 
$
46,589

 
13.6
 %
 
$
768,241

 
$
628,352

 
$
139,889

 
22.3
 %
Advisory and transaction fees, net
31,124

 
15,440

 
15,684

 
101.6

 
50,693

 
28,991

 
21,702

 
74.9

Investment income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance allocations
176,862

 
129,085

 
47,777

 
37.0

 
428,359

 
4,920

 
423,439

 
NM

Principal investment income
39,602

 
22,175

 
17,427

 
78.6

 
65,627

 
9,181

 
56,446

 
NM

Total investment income
216,464

 
151,260

 
65,204

 
43.1

 
493,986

 
14,101

 
479,885

 
NM

Incentive fees
776

 
14,990

 
(14,214
)
 
(94.8
)
 
1,436

 
18,775

 
(17,339
)
 
(92.4
)
Total Revenues
636,579

 
523,316

 
113,263

 
21.6

 
1,314,356

 
690,219

 
624,137

 
90.4

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salary, bonus and benefits
123,669

 
115,075

 
8,594

 
7.5

 
242,832

 
230,901

 
11,931

 
5.2

Equity-based compensation
44,662

 
37,784

 
6,878

 
18.2

 
89,739

 
73,309

 
16,430

 
22.4

Profit sharing expense
68,278

 
70,545

 
(2,267
)
 
(3.2
)
 
191,725

 
58,268

 
133,457

 
229.0

Total compensation and benefits
236,609

 
223,404

 
13,205

 
5.9

 
524,296

 
362,478

 
161,818

 
44.6

Interest expense
23,302

 
15,162

 
8,140

 
53.7

 
42,410

 
28,959

 
13,451

 
46.4

General, administrative and other
81,839

 
62,517

 
19,322

 
30.9

 
153,501

 
124,194

 
29,307

 
23.6

Placement fees
775

 
311

 
464

 
149.2

 
335

 
638

 
(303
)
 
(47.5
)
Total Expenses
342,525

 
301,394

 
41,131

 
13.6

 
720,542

 
516,269

 
204,273

 
39.6

Other Income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net gains (losses) from investment activities
45,060

 
(67,505
)
 
112,565

 
NM

 
63,889

 
(134,638
)
 
198,527

 
NM

Net gains from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities
4,631

 
9,213

 
(4,582
)
 
(49.7
)
 
14,097

 
15,745

 
(1,648
)
 
(10.5
)
Interest income
8,710

 
4,547

 
4,163

 
91.6

 
15,786

 
8,106

 
7,680

 
94.7

Other income (loss), net
6,603

 
(5,443
)
 
12,046

 
NM

 
6,693

 
(1,197
)
 
7,890

 
NM

Total Other Income (Loss)
65,004

 
(59,188
)
 
124,192

 
NM

 
100,465

 
(111,984
)
 
212,449

 
NM

Income before income tax provision
359,058

 
162,734

 
196,324

 
120.6

 
694,279

 
61,966

 
632,313

 
NM

Income tax provision
(16,897
)
 
(18,924
)
 
2,027

 
(10.7
)
 
(36,551
)
 
(27,504
)
 
(9,047
)
 
32.9

Net Income
342,161

 
143,810

 
198,351

 
137.9

 
657,728

 
34,462

 
623,266

 
NM

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
(177,338
)
 
(80,200
)
 
(97,138
)
 
121.1

 
(343,848
)
 
(29,114
)
 
(314,734
)
 
NM

Net Income Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC
164,823

 
63,610

 
101,213

 
159.1

 
313,880

 
5,348

 
308,532

 
NM

Net income attributable to Series A Preferred Shareholders
(4,383
)
 
(4,383
)
 

 

 
(8,766
)
 
(8,766
)
 

 

Net income attributable to Series B Preferred Shareholders
(4,781
)
 
(4,569
)
 
(212
)
 
4.6

 
(9,562
)
 
(4,569
)
 
(4,993
)
 
109.3

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to AGM Class A Shareholders
$
155,659

 
$
54,658

 
$
101,001

 
184.8
 %
 
$
295,552

 
$
(7,987
)
 
$
303,539

 
NM

Note:
“NM” denotes not meaningful. Changes from negative to positive amounts and positive to negative amounts are not considered meaningful. Increases or decreases from zero and changes greater than 500% are also not considered meaningful.
Revenues
Our revenues and other income include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset valuations and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees increased by $46.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned from Athene, Fund VIII and Apollo Structured Credit Recovery Master Fund IV, L.P. (“SCRF IV”) of $32.6 million, $2.2 million and $2.1 million,

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respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period in 2018. For additional details regarding changes in management fees in each segment, see “—Segment Analysis” below.
Advisory and transaction fees, net, increased by $15.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a increase in net advisory and transaction fees earned with respect to Hybrid Value Fund’s portfolio companies and Apollo European Principal Finance Fund III, L.P. (“EPF III”) of $11.1 million and $3.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period in 2018.
Performance allocations increased by $47.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in performance allocations was primarily attributable to increased performance allocations earned from Fund VIII, Fund VI and ANRP II of $61.9 million, $31.4 million and $13.1 million, respectively, partially offset by a decrease in performance allocations earned from Fund VII of $63.5 million.
The increase in performance allocations from Fund VIII was primarily driven by lower depreciation of the fund’s public portfolio companies primarily in the business services sector, and greater appreciation of the fund’s portfolio companies primarily in the leisure, consumer services and natural resources sectors, during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018. The increase in performance fees from Fund VI was primarily driven by appreciation of the fund’s public portfolio companies primarily in the leisure sector, as well as appreciation of the fund’s private portfolio companies primarily in the business services and chemicals sectors, during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018. The increase in performance allocations from ANRP II was primarily driven by appreciation of the fund’s private portfolio companies in the natural resources sector during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018. The decrease in performance allocations from Fund VII was primarily attributable to decreased appreciation of the fund’s public portfolio companies primarily in the natural resources sector during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018.
Principal investment income increased by $17.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily driven by increases in the value of investments held by certain Apollo funds and other entities in which the Company has a direct interest, mainly with respect to VA Capital Company, L.P. (“VA Capital”) and Fund VIII of $10.0 million and $7.7 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period in 2018.
Incentive fees decreased by $14.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in incentive fees earned from a strategic investment account and AINV of $8.8 million and $5.8 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in incentive fees from a strategic investment account were driven by incentive fees that crystallized during the three months ended June 30, 2018, which did not recur during the three months ended June 30, 2019. The decrease in incentive fees earned from AINV was a result of the amended and restated investment management agreement with AINV, as described in note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The fee arrangement with AINV was revised to be on a total return measure and the total return hurdle rate was not achieved as of June 30, 2019.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees increased by $139.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to the commencement of Fund IX’s investment period in April 2018, resulting in an increase of $79.5 million in management fees during the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period during 2018, and an increase in management fees earned from Athene of $66.2 million. The increase in management fees was partially offset by decreased management fees earned from Fund VIII of $23.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. For additional details regarding changes in management fees in each segment, see “—Segment Analysis” below.
Advisory and transaction fees, net, increased by $21.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net advisory and transaction fees earned with respect to Fund IX’s portfolio companies and Hybrid Value Fund’s portfolio companies of $12.1 million and $11.1 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Performance allocations increased by $423.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in performance allocations was primarily attributable to increased performance allocations earned from Fund VIII, Fund VI and ANRP II of $356.3 million, $56.3 million and $20.2 million, respectively, partially offset by a decrease in performance allocations earned from Fund VII of $66.1 million.

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The increase in performance allocations from Fund VIII was primarily driven by greater appreciation of the fund’s public portfolio companies primarily in the financial services and consumer services sectors, and greater appreciation of the fund’s private portfolio companies in the manufacturing and industrial, consumer services, leisure and natural resources sectors, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018. The increase in performance fees from Fund VI was primarily driven by appreciation of the fund’s public portfolio companies primarily in the leisure sector, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018. The increase in performance allocations from ANRP II was primarily driven by appreciation from private investments in the natural resources sector during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018. The decrease in performance allocations from Fund VII was primarily attributable to decreased appreciation of the fund’s public portfolio companies primarily in the natural resources sector during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period during 2018.
Principal investment income increased by $56.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily driven by increases in the value of investments held by certain Apollo funds and other entities in which the Company has a direct interest, mainly with respect to Fund VIII and VA Capital of $42.3 million and $5.3 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period in 2018.
Incentive fees decreased by $17.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in incentive fees earned from AINV and a strategic investment account of $9.5 million and $8.8 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in incentive fees earned from AINV was a result of the amended and restated investment management agreement with AINV, as described in note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The fee arrangement with AINV was revised to be on a total return measure and the total return hurdle rate was not achieved as of June 30, 2019. The decrease in incentive fees from a strategic investment account was driven by incentive fees that crystallized during the six months ended June 30, 2018, which did not recur during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Expenses
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Compensation and benefits increased by $13.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in salary, bonus and benefits of $8.6 million and an increase in equity-based compensation of $6.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. The increase in salary, bonus and benefits was primarily due to increased headcount and the increase in equity-based compensation was primarily due to increased amortization expense relating to grants of RSUs to certain employees under the Equity Plan.
Included in profit sharing expense is $18.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 related to a performance based incentive arrangement for certain Apollo partners and employees designed to more closely align compensation on an annual basis with the overall realized performance of the Company (referred to herein as the “Incentive Pool”). There was no profit sharing expense related to the Incentive Pool for the three months ended June 30, 2019. Allocations to participants in the Incentive Pool contain both a fixed component and a discretionary component, each of which may vary year to year. The Incentive Pool is separate from the fund related profit sharing expense and may result in greater variability in compensation and have a variable impact on the blended profit sharing percentage during a particular period. See “—Profit Sharing Expense” in the Critical Accounting Policies section for an overview of the Incentive Pool.
Interest expense increased by $8.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, as described in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
General, administrative and other expenses increased by $19.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to an increase in professional fees and fund organizational expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Compensation and benefits increased by $161.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in profit sharing expense of $133.5 million due to a corresponding increase in performance allocations during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. In any period the blended profit sharing percentage is impacted by the respective profit sharing ratios of the funds generating performance allocations in the period. In addition, equity-based compensation increased by $16.4 million primarily attributable to increased amortization expense relating to grants of RSUs to certain employees under the Equity Plan.

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Included in profit sharing expense is $17.0 million and $34.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to the Incentive Pool. See “—Profit Sharing Expense” in the Critical Accounting Policies section for an overview of the Incentive Pool.
Interest expense increased by $13.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to additional interest expense incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, partially offset by a decrease in interest expense as a result of the repayment of the remaining amount of the 2013 AMH Credit Facilities, as described in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
General, administrative and other expenses increased by $29.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily driven by an increase in professional fees and fund organizational expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the same period in 2018.
Other Income (Loss)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Net gains from investment activities were $45.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to net losses from investment activities of $67.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a gain on the Company’s investment in Athene Holding during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to a loss on the Company’s investment in Athene Holding during the three months ended June 30, 2018. See note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s investment in Athene Holding.
Net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs decreased by $4.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily driven by a decrease in net gains from Champ, L.P. during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. See note 5 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for details regarding net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs.
Interest income increased by $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to increased interest income earned from U.S. Treasury securities held during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Other income, net was $6.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to other loss, net of $5.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to the reversal of a liability relating to a favorable judgment in a legal proceeding during the three months ended June 30, 2019, which did not occur during the same period in 2018. The increase was also driven by a decrease in foreign exchange losses during the three months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Net gains from investment activities were $63.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to net losses from investment activities of $134.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a gain on the Company’s investment in Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to a loss on the Company’s investment in Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2018. See note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s investment in Athene Holding.
Net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs decreased by $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily driven by a decrease in net gains from Champ, L.P. during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. See note 5 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for details regarding net gains from investment activities of consolidated VIEs.
Interest income increased by $7.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to increased interest income earned from U.S. Treasury securities held during the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Other income, net was $6.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to other loss, net of $1.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to the reversal of a liability relating to a favorable judgment in a legal proceeding during the six months ended June 30, 2019, which did not occur during the same period in 2018. The increase was also driven by a decrease in foreign exchange losses during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. For additional details regarding changes in other income, net in each segment, see “—Segment Analysis” below.

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Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests and Series A and Series B Preferred Shareholders
For information related to net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests and net income attributable to Series A and Series B Preferred shareholders, see note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Income Tax Provision
The Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries generally operate as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, only a portion of the income we earn is subject to corporate-level tax in the United States and foreign jurisdictions. The provision for income taxes includes federal, state and local income taxes in the United States and foreign income taxes.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
The income tax provision decreased by $2.0 million for three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in the income tax provision was primarily due to an overall change in the mix of earnings when comparing the amount of earnings that are subject to corporate-level tax to those earnings that are not subject to corporate-level tax as such earnings are passed through to Non-Controlling Interests and Class A shareholders. The provision for income taxes includes federal, state, local and foreign income taxes resulting in an effective income tax rate of 4.7% and 11.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The most significant reconciling items between our U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and our effective income tax rate were due to the following: (i) income passed through to Non-Controlling Interests; (ii) income passed through to Class A shareholders; and (iii) state and local income taxes including NYC UBT (see note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further details regarding the Company’s income tax provision).
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
The income tax provision increased by $9.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase was due to an increase in pre-tax GAAP net income during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018 and an overall change in the mix of earnings when comparing the amount of earnings that are subject to corporate-level tax to those earnings that are not subject to corporate-level tax as such earnings are passed through to Non-Controlling Interests and Class A shareholders. The provision for income taxes includes federal, state, local and foreign income taxes resulting in an effective income tax rate of 5.3% and 44.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The most significant reconciling items between our U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and our effective income tax rate were due to the following: (i) income passed through to Non-Controlling Interests; (ii) income passed through to Class A shareholders and (iii) state and local income taxes including NYC UBT (see note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further details regarding the Company’s income tax provision).
Segment Analysis
Discussed below are our results of operations for each of our reportable segments. They represent the segment information available and utilized by our executive management, which consists of our Managing Partners, who operate collectively as our chief operating decision maker, to assess performance and to allocate resources. See note 16 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information regarding our segment reporting.
Our financial results vary, since performance fees, which generally constitute a large portion of the income from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.

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Credit
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, Segment Distributable Earnings, within our credit segment.
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Total Change
 
Percentage Change
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Total Change
 
Percentage Change
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management fees
$
190,275

 
$
153,177

 
$
37,098

 
24.2
 %
 
$
373,017

 
$
302,892

 
$
70,125

 
23.2
 %
Advisory and transaction fees, net
5,510

 
2,100

 
3,410

 
162.4

 
8,358

 
4,295

 
4,063

 
94.6

Performance fees(1)
9,261

 
5,766

 
3,495

 
60.6

 
9,922

 
11,041

 
(1,119
)
 
(10.1
)
Fee Related Revenues
205,046

 
161,043

 
44,003

 
27.3

 
391,297

 
318,228

 
73,069

 
23.0

Salary, bonus and benefits
(50,465
)
 
(42,729
)
 
(7,736
)
 
18.1

 
(94,769
)
 
(89,550
)
 
(5,219
)
 
5.8

General, administrative and other
(31,647
)
 
(27,843
)
 
(3,804
)
 
13.7

 
(59,143
)
 
(54,211
)
 
(4,932
)
 
9.1

Placement fees
(157
)
 
(279
)
 
122

 
(43.7
)
 
148

 
(555
)
 
703

 
NM

Fee Related Expenses
(82,269
)
 
(70,851
)
 
(11,418
)
 
16.1

 
(153,764
)
 
(144,316
)
 
(9,448
)
 
6.5

Other income (loss), net of Non-Controlling Interest
1,968

 
(1,188
)
 
3,156

 
NM

 
1,564

 
1,995

 
(431
)
 
(21.6
)
Fee Related Earnings
124,745

 
89,004

 
35,741

 
40.2

 
239,097

 
175,907

 
63,190

 
35.9

Realized performance fees
18,030

 
14,635

 
3,395

 
23.2

 
21,357

 
17,749

 
3,608

 
20.3

Realized profit sharing expense
(7,877
)
 
(11,493
)
 
3,616

 
(31.5
)
 
(11,395
)
 
(14,327
)
 
2,932

 
(20.5
)
Net Realized Performance Fees
10,153

 
3,142

 
7,011

 
223.1

 
9,962

 
3,422

 
6,540

 
191.1

Realized principal investment income
7,909

 
5,931

 
1,978

 
33.4

 
10,958

 
10,211

 
747

 
7.3

Net interest loss and other
(4,656
)
 
(3,952
)
 
(704
)
 
17.8

 
(9,042
)
 
(7,470
)
 
(1,572
)
 
21.0

Segment Distributable Earnings
$
138,151

 
$
94,125

 
$
44,026

 
46.8
 %
 
$
250,975

 
$
182,070

 
$
68,905

 
37.8
 %
(1)
Represents certain performance fees from business development companies and Redding Ridge Holdings.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees increased by $37.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned from Athene, SCRF IV and Apollo Total Return Fund, L.P. of $27.1 million, $2.1 million and $1.9 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Advisory and transaction fees, net increased by $3.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net transaction and advisory fees earned from Financial Credit Investment III, L.P. (“FCI III”) of $2.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Performance fees increased by $3.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in performance fees earned from Redding Ridge Holdings and a business development company of $4.9 million and $4.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018. The performance fees from Redding Ridge Holdings and the business development company were primarily driven by the vehicles achieving their annualized hurdle rate during the three months ended June 30, 2019, which did not occur during the same period during 2018. This increase in performance fees was partially offset by decreased performance fees from AINV of $5.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018, as a result of the amended and restated investment management agreement with AINV, as described in note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The fee arrangement with AINV was revised to be on a total return measure and the total return hurdle rate was not achieved as of June 30, 2019.
Salary, bonus and benefits expense increased by $7.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018 primarily due to an increase in headcount and changes in bonus accrual estimates.
General, administrative and other increased by $3.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change was primarily driven by an increase in professional fees and technology expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Other income, net of Non-Controlling Interest was $2.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to other loss, net of Non-Controlling Interest of $1.2 million the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily

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attributable to the reversal of a liability relating to a favorable judgment in a legal proceeding during the three months ended June 30, 2019.
Realized performance fees increased by $3.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. This change was primarily attributable to increases in realized performance fees generated from Financial Credit Investment I, L.P. (“FCI I”) of $12.0 million, offset by a decrease in realized performance fees generated from a strategic investment account of $8.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in realized performance fees generated from FCI I was primarily driven by realizations of the fund’s investments in various life settlement policies during the three months ended June 30, 2019, while the fund had no realized performance fees during the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in realized performance fees generated from the strategic investment account was driven by incentive fees that crystallized during the three months ended June 30, 2018, while the strategic investment account had no realizations during the three months ended June 30, 2019.
Realized profit sharing expense decreased by $3.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in profit sharing expense related to the Incentive Pool. Included in realized profit sharing expense is $1.3 million related to the Incentive Pool for the three months ended June 30, 2018. There was no realized profit sharing expense related to the Incentive Pool for the three months ended June 30, 2019. In any period the blended profit sharing percentage is impacted by the respective profit sharing ratios of the funds generating performance fees in the period. The Incentive Pool is separate from the fund related profit sharing expense and may result in greater variability in compensation and have a variable impact on the blended profit sharing percentage during a particular period.
Realized principal investment income increased by $2.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in realizations from Apollo’s equity ownership interest in MidCap of $2.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Net interest loss and other increased by $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to additional interest expense incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, as described in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees increased by $70.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned from Athene, Apollo Total Return Fund, L.P. and SCRF IV of $54.7 million, $3.9 million and $3.8 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018. This increase in management fees was partially offset by decreased management fees earned from Apollo Credit Master Fund Ltd. (“Credit Fund”) of $3.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Performance fees decreased by $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in performance fees earned from AINV of $9.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018, as a result of the amended and restated investment management agreement with AINV, as described in note 14 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The fee arrangement with AINV was revised to be on a total return measure and the total return hurdle rate was not achieved as of June 30, 2019. This decrease in performance fees was partially offset by increased performance fees from Redding Ridge Holdings and a business development company of $4.5 million and $3.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018. The performance fees from Redding Ridge Holdings and the business development company was primarily driven by the vehicles achieving their annualized hurdle rates during the during the six months ended June 30, 2019, which did not occur during the same period during 2018.
Salary, bonus and benefits expense increased by $5.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018 primarily due to an increase in headcount.
General, administrative and other increased by $4.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The change was primarily driven by an increase in technology and other expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Realized performance fees increased by $3.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in realized performance fees generated from FCI I of $12.0 million, offset by a decrease in realized performance fees generated from a strategic investment account of $8.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in realized performance

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fees generated from FCI I was primarily driven by realizations of the fund’s investments in various life settlement policies during the six months ended June 30, 2019, while the fund had no realized performance fees during the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in realized performance fees generated from the strategic investment account was driven by incentive fees that crystallized during the six months ended June 30, 2018, while the strategic investment account had no realizations during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Realized profit sharing expense decreased by $2.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in profit sharing expense related to the Incentive Pool. Included in realized profit sharing expense is $0.1 million and $1.4 million related to the Incentive Pool for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In any period the blended profit sharing percentage is impacted by the respective profit sharing ratios of the funds generating performance fees in the period. The Incentive Pool is separate from the fund related profit sharing expense and may result in greater variability in compensation and have a variable impact on the blended profit sharing percentage during a particular period.
Net interest loss and other increased by $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to additional interest expense incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, as described in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Private Equity
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, Segment Distributable Earnings, within our private equity segment.
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Total Change
 
Percentage Change
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Total Change
 
Percentage Change
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management fees
$
129,638

 
$
132,417

 
$
(2,779
)
 
(2.1
)%
 
$
260,134

 
$
214,697

 
$
45,437

 
21.2
 %
Advisory and transaction fees, net
20,257

 
13,319

 
6,938

 
52.1

 
36,393

 
23,974

 
12,419

 
51.8

Fee Related Revenues
149,895

 
145,736

 
4,159

 
2.9

 
296,527

 
238,671

 
57,856

 
24.2

Salary, bonus and benefits
(40,267
)
 
(41,879
)
 
1,612

 
(3.8
)
 
(83,500
)
 
(82,604
)
 
(896
)
 
1.1

General, administrative and other
(22,962
)
 
(18,333
)
 
(4,629
)
 
25.2

 
(48,824
)
 
(36,316
)
 
(12,508
)
 
34.4

Placement fees
(618
)
 
(32
)
 
(586
)
 
NM

 
(483
)
 
(83
)
 
(400
)
 
481.9

Fee Related Expenses
(63,847
)
 
(60,244
)
 
(3,603
)
 
6.0

 
(132,807
)
 
(119,003
)
 
(13,804
)
 
11.6

Other income, net
3,963

 
82

 
3,881

 
NM

 
4,159

 
391

 
3,768

 
NM

Fee Related Earnings
90,011

 
85,574

 
4,437

 
5.2

 
167,879

 
120,059

 
47,820

 
39.8

Realized performance fees
12,231

 
54,640

 
(42,409
)
 
(77.6
)
 
72,687

 
167,412

 
(94,725
)
 
(56.6
)
Realized profit sharing expense
(4,089
)
 
(31,512
)
 
27,423

 
(87.0
)
 
(41,816
)
 
(89,260
)
 
47,444

 
(53.2
)
Net Realized Performance Fees
8,142

 
23,128

 
(14,986
)
 
(64.8
)
 
30,871

 
78,152

 
(47,281
)
 
(60.5
)
Realized principal investment income
1,877

 
9,079

 
(7,202
)
 
(79.3
)
 
9,965

 
27,409

 
(17,444
)
 
(63.6
)
Net interest loss and other
(7,650
)
 
(5,259
)
 
(2,391
)
 
45.5

 
(13,783
)
 
(10,615
)
 
(3,168
)
 
29.8

Segment Distributable Earnings
$
92,380

 
$
112,522

 
$
(20,142
)
 
(17.9
)%
 
$
194,932

 
$
215,005

 
$
(20,073
)
 
(9.3
)%
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees decreased by $2.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in management fees earned from Credit Opportunity Fund III, L.P. (“COF III”) and Fund VII of $1.8 million and $1.0 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019.
Advisory and transaction fees, net increased by $6.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net advisory and transaction fees earned with respect to Hybrid Value Fund’s portfolio companies of $11.1 million, partially offset by a decrease in net advisory and transaction fees earned with respect to Fund VIII’s portfolio companies of $5.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.

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Salary, bonus and benefits expense decreased by $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018 primarily due to changes in bonus accrual estimates.
General, administrative and other increased by $4.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change was primarily driven by increased professional fees and fund organizational expenses related to Apollo Natural Resources Partners III, L.P. during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Other income, net increased by $3.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change was primarily driven by the reversal of a liability relating to a favorable judgment in a legal proceeding during the three months ended June 30, 2019.
Realized performance fees decreased by $42.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to decreases in realized performance fees generated from Fund VIII and ANRP II of $24.6 million and $7.5 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in realized performance fees from Fund VIII was primarily driven by a decrease in profits realized from investment sales and income from the fund’s investments. The realized performance fees from Fund VIII during the three months ended June 30, 2019 were the result of sales and income generated from investments primarily in the natural resources and financial services sectors. The realized performance fees during the three months ended June 30, 2018 were the result of sales and income generated from investments primarily in the natural resources, leisure and consumer services sectors. The decrease in realized performance fees from ANRP II was primarily driven by a decrease in profits realized from investment sales. The realized performance fees from ANRP II during the three months ended June 30, 2019 were the result of income earned on an escrow account balance and the realized performance fees during the same period in 2018 were from the result of sales generated from investments in the natural resources sector.
Realized profit sharing expense decreased by $27.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a corresponding decrease in realized performance fees as described above. In any period the blended profit sharing percentage is impacted by the respective profit sharing ratios of the funds generating performance fees in the period. Included in realized profit sharing expense is $9.8 million related to the Incentive Pool for the three months ended June 30, 2018. There was no realized profit sharing expense related to the Incentive Pool for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The Incentive Pool is separate from the fund related profit sharing expense and may result in greater variability in compensation and have a variable impact on the blended profit sharing percentage during a particular period.
Realized principal investment income decreased by $7.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in realizations from Apollo’s equity ownership interest in Fund VIII and Fund VII of $4.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Net interest loss and other increased by $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to additional interest expense incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, as described in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees increased by $45.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to the commencement of Fund IX’s investment period in April 2018, resulting in an increase of $79.5 million in management fees during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in management fees was partially offset by decreased management fees earned from Fund VIII and COF III of $23.0 million and $4.6 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Advisory and transaction fees, net increased by $12.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net advisory and transaction fees earned with respect to Fund IX’s portfolio companies and Hybrid Value Fund’s portfolio companies of $12.1 million and $11.1 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018. The increase in net advisory and transaction fees was partially offset by decreased net advisory and transaction fees earned from Fund VIII’s portfolio companies of $8.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.
General, administrative and other increased by $12.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The change was primarily driven by increased professional fees and fund organizational

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expenses related to Apollo Natural Resources Partners III, L.P. during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Other income, net increased by $3.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The change was primarily driven by the reversal of a liability relating to a favorable judgment in a legal proceeding during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Realized performance fees decreased by $94.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to decreases in realized performance fees generated from Fund VIII and ANRP II of $66.3 million and $7.4 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in realized performance fees from Fund VIII was primarily driven by a decrease in profits realized from investments sales. The realized performance fees from Fund VIII during the six months ended June 30, 2019 were the result of sales and income generated from investments primarily in the business services, manufacturing and industrial, financial services and leisure sectors. The realized performance fees during the six months ended June 30, 2018 were the result of sales and income generated from investments primarily in the chemicals, natural resources, consumer services and leisure sectors. The decrease in realized performance fees from ANRP II was primarily driven by a decrease in profits realized from investment sales. The realized performance fees from ANRP II during the six months ended June 30, 2019 were the result of income earned on an escrow account balance and the realized performance fees during the same period in 2018 were the result of sales generated from investments in the natural resources sector.
Realized profit sharing expense decreased by $47.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a corresponding decrease in realized performance fees as described above. In any period the blended profit sharing percentage is impacted by the respective profit sharing ratios of the funds generating performance fees in the period. Included in realized profit sharing expense is $16.9 million and $24.6 million related to the Incentive Pool for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Incentive Pool is separate from the fund related profit sharing expense and may result in greater variability in compensation and have a variable impact on the blended profit sharing percentage during a particular period.
Realized principal investment income decreased by $17.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in realizations from Apollo’s equity ownership interest in Fund VIII, Fund VII, COF III and ANRP 1 of $9.7 million, $2.1 million, $2.0 million, and $1.5 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Net interest loss and other increased by $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to additional interest expense incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, as described in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Real Assets
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, Segment Distributable Earnings, within our real assets segment.
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
Total Change
 
Percentage Change
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Total Change
 
Percentage Change
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management fees
$
46,398

 
$
40,270

 
$
6,128

 
15.2
 %
 
$
91,783

 
$
80,478

 
$
11,305

 
14.0
 %
Advisory and transaction fees, net
5,295

 
161

 
5,134

 
NM

 
5,371

 
305

 
5,066

 
NM

Fee Related Revenues
51,693

 
40,431

 
11,262

 
27.9

 
97,154

 
80,783

 
16,371

 
20.3

Salary, bonus and benefits
(19,537
)
 
(19,893
)
 
356

 
(1.8
)
 
(37,725
)
 
(38,878
)
 
1,153

 
(3.0
)
General, administrative and other
(8,547
)
 
(9,500
)
 
953

 
(10.0
)
 
(18,222
)
 
(19,524
)
 
1,302

 
(6.7
)
Fee Related Expenses
(28,084
)
 
(29,393
)
 
1,309

 
(4.5
)
 
(55,947
)
 
(58,402
)
 
2,455

 
(4.2
)
Other income, net of Non-Controlling Interest
156

 
55

 
101

 
183.6

 
94

 
223

 
(129
)
 
(57.8
)
Fee Related Earnings
23,765

 
11,093

 
12,672

 
114.2

 
41,301

 
22,604

 
18,697

 
82.7

Realized performance fees
3,074

 
45,199

 
(42,125
)
 
(93.2
)
 
3,080

 
51,615

 
(48,535
)
 
(94.0
)
Realized profit sharing expense
(1,340
)
 
(26,805
)
 
25,465

 
(95.0
)
 
(1,234
)
 
(29,870
)
 
28,636

 
(95.9
)
Net Realized Performance Fees
1,734

 
18,394

 
(16,660
)
 
(90.6
)
 
1,846

 
21,745

 
(19,899
)
 
(91.5
)
Realized principal investment income
1,495

 
4,363

 
(2,868
)
 
(65.7
)
 
1,794

 
5,146

 
(3,352
)
 
(65.1
)
Net interest loss and other
(2,708
)
 
(1,968
)
 
(740
)
 
37.6

 
(4,881
)
 
(3,877
)
 
(1,004
)
 
25.9

Segment Distributable Earnings
$
24,286

 
$
31,882

 
$
(7,596
)
 
(23.8
)%
 
$
40,060

 
$
45,618

 
$
(5,558
)
 
(12.2
)%
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees increased by $6.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned from Athene, ARI and Apollo Infrastructure Equity Fund (“Infrastructure Fund”) of $4.2 million, $1.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively, along with modest increases in management fees earned across most of our real assets funds during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018. The increase in management fees was partially offset by decreased management fees earned from Apollo European Principal Finance Fund II, L.P. (“EPF II”) of $2.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Advisory and transaction fees, net increased by $5.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net advisory and transaction fees earned with respect to EPF III of $3.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Realized performance fees decreased by $42.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in realized performance fees was primarily attributable to decreases in realized performance fees generated from EPF II and strategic investment accounts of $37.2 million and $3.5 million, respectively, during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in realized performance fees from EPF II is primarily due to the realizations of UK hotel assets held by the fund during the three months ended June 30, 2018, while the fund had no realizations during the three months ended June 30, 2019. Realized performance fees generated from certain funds, including U.S. RE Fund I, U.S. RE Fund II, Apollo Asia Real Estate Fund, L.P. (“Asia RE Fund”) and EPF II, includes an allocation of realized performance fees from strategic investment accounts that invest in the funds. Realized performance fees from strategic investment accounts decreased primarily due to lower allocations of realizations relating to underlying fund investments for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Realized profit sharing expense decreased by $25.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a corresponding decrease in realized performance fees as described above. In any period the blended profit sharing percentage is impacted by the respective profit sharing ratios of the funds generating performance fees in the period. Included in realized profit sharing expense is $7.8 million related to the Incentive Pool for the three months ended June 30, 2018. There was no realized profit sharing expense related to the Incentive Pool for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The Incentive Pool is separate from the fund related profit sharing expense and may result in greater variability in compensation and have a variable impact on the blended profit sharing percentage during a particular period.

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Realized principal investment income decreased by $2.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in realizations from Apollo’s equity ownership interest in EPF II of $3.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Management fees increased by $11.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned from Athene, ARI and Apollo Infrastructure Equity Fund of $9.1 million, $2.4 million and $1.4 million, respectively, along with modest increases in management fees earned across most of our real assets funds during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018. The increase in management fees was partially offset by decreased management fees earned from EPF II of $5.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Advisory and transaction fees, net increased by $5.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net advisory and transaction fees earned with respect to EPF III and AGRE Debt Fund I of $3.8 million and $1.1 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period during 2018.
Realized performance fees decreased by $48.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in realized performance fees was primarily attributable to decreases in realized performance fees generated from EPF II and strategic investment accounts of $39.0 million and $7.2 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. Realized performance fees from EPF II decreased primarily due to the realization of UK hotel assets held by the fund during the six months ended June 30, 2018, while the fund had no realizations during the six months ended June 30, 2019. Realized performance fees generated from certain funds, including U.S. RE Fund I, U.S. RE Fund II, Asia RE Fund and EPF II, includes an allocation of realized performance fees from strategic investment accounts that invest in the funds. The decrease in realized performance fees from strategic investment accounts was primarily due to lower allocations of realizations relating to underlying investments for the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Realized profit sharing expense decreased by $28.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a corresponding decrease in realized performance fees as described above. In any period the blended profit sharing percentage is impacted by the respective profit sharing ratios of the funds generating performance fees in the period. Included in realized profit sharing expense is $8.4 million related to the Incentive Pool for the six months ended June 30, 2018. There was no realized profit sharing expense related to the Incentive Pool for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Incentive Pool is separate from the fund related profit sharing expense and may result in greater variability in compensation and have a variable impact on the blended profit sharing percentage during a particular period.
Realized principal investment income decreased by $3.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in realizations from Apollo’s equity ownership interest in EPF II of $4.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Net interest loss and other increased by $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to additional interest expense incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes, as described in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Summary of Distributable Earnings
The following table is a reconciliation of Distributable Earnings per share of common and equivalent to net distribution per share of common and equivalent.
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(in thousands, except per share data)
Segment Distributable Earnings
$
254,817

 
$
238,529

 
$
485,967

 
$
442,693

Taxes and related payables
(14,878
)
 
(13,838
)
 
(29,514
)
 
(25,036
)
Preferred distributions
(9,164
)
 
(8,952
)
 
(18,328
)
 
(13,335
)
Distributable Earnings
230,775

 
215,739

 
438,125

 
404,322

Add back: Tax and related payables attributable to common and equivalents
12,777

 
11,808

 
25,252

 
20,975

Distributable Earnings before certain payables(1)
243,552

 
227,547

 
463,377

 
425,297

Percent to common and equivalents
51
%
 
51
%
 
51
%
 
51
%
Distributable Earnings before other payables attributable to common and equivalents
124,212

 
116,049

 
236,322

 
216,901

Less: Taxes and related payables attributable to common and equivalents
(12,777
)
 
(11,808
)
 
(25,252
)
 
(20,975
)
Distributable Earnings attributable to common and equivalents(2)
$
111,435

 
$
104,241

 
$
211,070

 
$
195,926

Distributable Earnings per share(3)
$
0.56

 
$
0.52

 
$
1.06

 
$
0.98

Retained capital per share(3)
(0.06
)
 
(0.09
)
 
(0.10
)
 
(0.17
)
Net distribution per share(3)
$
0.50

 
$
0.43

 
$
0.96

 
$
0.81

(1)
Distributable Earnings before certain payables represents Distributable Earnings before the deduction for the estimated current corporate taxes and the amounts payable under Apollo’s tax receivable agreement.
(2)
“Common and equivalents” consists of total Class A shares outstanding and RSUs that participate in distributions.
(3)
Per share calculations are based on end of period Distributable Earnings Shares Outstanding, which consists of total Class A shares outstanding, AOG Units and RSUs that participate in distributions.

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Summary of Non-U.S. GAAP Measures
The table below sets forth a reconciliation of net income attributable Apollo Global Management, LLC Class A Shareholders to our non-U.S. GAAP performance measures:
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC Class A Shareholders
$
155,659

 
$
54,658

 
$
295,552

 
$
(7,987
)
Preferred distributions
9,164

 
8,952

 
18,328

 
13,335

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
5,143

 
8,716

 
13,805

 
14,695

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group
172,195

 
71,484

 
330,043

 
14,419

Net Income
$
342,161

 
$
143,810

 
$
657,728

 
$
34,462

Income tax provision
16,897

 
18,924

 
36,551

 
27,504

Income Before Income Tax Provision
$
359,058

 
$
162,734

 
$
694,279

 
$
61,966

Transaction-related charges(1)
18,135

 
(6,905
)
 
23,598

 
(5,053
)
Charges associated with corporate conversion(2)
10,006

 

 
10,006

 

Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities
(5,143
)
 
(8,716
)
 
(13,805
)
 
(14,695
)
Unrealized performance fees(3)
(129,679
)
 
(20,619
)
 
(314,062
)
 
229,922

Unrealized profit sharing expense(3)
40,799

 
9,125

 
116,561

 
(67,263
)
Equity-based profit sharing expense and other(4)
20,675

 
17,850

 
41,637

 
32,414

Equity-based compensation
18,237

 
16,028

 
36,660

 
33,463

Unrealized principal investment (income) loss
(31,893
)
 
(3,419
)
 
(44,221
)
 
32,578

Unrealized net (gains) losses from investment activities and other
(45,378
)
 
72,451

 
(64,686
)
 
139,361

Segment Distributable Earnings(5)
$
254,817

 
$
238,529

 
$
485,967

 
$
442,693

Taxes and related payables
(14,878
)
 
(13,838
)
 
(29,514
)
 
(25,036
)
Preferred distributions
(9,164
)
 
(8,952
)
 
(18,328
)
 
(13,335
)
Distributable Earnings
$
230,775

 
$
215,739

 
$
438,125

 
$
404,322

Preferred distributions
9,164

 
8,952

 
18,328

 
13,335

Taxes and related payables
14,878

 
13,838

 
29,514

 
25,036

Realized performance fees
(33,335
)
 
(114,474
)
 
(97,124
)
 
(236,776
)
Realized profit sharing expense
13,306

 
69,810

 
54,445

 
133,457

Realized principal investment income
(11,281
)
 
(19,373
)
 
(22,717
)
 
(42,766
)
Net interest loss and other
15,014

 
11,179

 
27,706

 
21,962

Fee Related Earnings
$
238,521

 
$
185,671

 
$
448,277

 
$
318,570

Depreciation, amortization and other, net
2,733

 
2,494

 
5,312

 
2,494

Fee Related EBITDA
$
241,254

 
$
188,165

 
$
453,589

 
$
321,064

Realized performance fees(6)
33,335

 
114,474

 
97,124

 
236,776

Realized profit sharing expense(6)
(13,306
)
 
(69,810
)
 
(54,445
)
 
(133,457
)
Fee Related EBITDA + 100% of Net Realized Performance Fees
$
261,283

 
$
232,829

 
$
496,268

 
$
424,383

(1)
Transaction-related charges include contingent consideration, equity-based compensation charges and the amortization of intangible assets and certain other charges associated with acquisitions.
(2)
Represents expenses incurred in relation to the previously announced plans to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a C corporation, as described in note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
(3)
Includes realized performance fees and realized profit sharing expense settled in the form of shares of Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
(4)
Equity-based profit sharing expense and other includes certain profit sharing arrangements in which a portion of performance fees distributed to the general partner are allocated by issuance of equity-based awards, rather than cash, to employees of Apollo. Equity-based profit

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sharing expense and other also includes non-cash expenses related to equity awards in unconsolidated related parties granted to employees of Apollo.
(5)
See note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for more details regarding Segment Distributable Earnings for the combined segments.
(6)
Excludes realized performance fees and realized profit sharing expense settled in the form of shares of Athene Holding during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
Apollo’s business model primarily derives revenues and cash flows from the assets it manages. Apollo targets operating expense levels such that fee income exceeds total operating expenses each period. The company intends to distribute to its shareholders on a quarterly basis substantially all of its distributable earnings after taxes and related payables in excess of amounts determined to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of the business. As a result, the Company requires limited capital resources to support the working capital or operating needs of the business. While primarily met by cash flows generated through fee income received, liquidity needs are also met (to a limited extent) through proceeds from borrowings and equity issuances as described in notes 10 and 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, respectively. The Company had cash and cash equivalents of $945.7 million at June 30, 2019.
Primary Sources and Uses of Cash
The Company has multiple sources of short-term liquidity to meet its capital needs, including cash on hand, annual cash flows from its activities, and available funds from the Company’s $750 million revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2019. The Company believes these sources will be sufficient to fund our capital needs for at least the next twelve months. If the Company determines that market conditions are favorable after taking into account our liquidity requirements, we may seek to issue additional senior notes, preferred equity, or other financing instruments.
The section below discusses in more detail the Company’s primary sources and uses of cash and the primary drivers of cash flows within the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
(in thousands)
Operating Activities
$
450,610

 
$
395,075

Investing Activities
(398,247
)
 
223,551

Financing Activities
315,223

 
(310,719
)
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Held at Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
$
367,586

 
$
307,907

Operating Activities
The Company’s operating activities support its investment management activities. The primary sources of cash within the operating activities section include: (a) management fees, (b) advisory and transaction fees, (c) realized performance revenues, and (d) realized principal investment income. The primary uses of cash within the operating activities section include: (a) compensation and non-compensation related expenses, (b) placement fees, and (c) interest and taxes.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash provided by operating activities primarily includes cash inflows from the receipt of management fees, advisory and transaction fees, realized performance revenues, and realized principal investment income, offset by cash outflows for compensation, general, administrative, and other expenses. Net cash provided by operating activities also reflects the operating activity of our consolidated funds and VIEs, which primarily include cash inflows from the sale of investments offset by cash outflows for purchases of investments.
Investing Activities
The Company’s investing activities support growth of its business. The primary sources of cash within the investing activities section include distributions from investments. The primary uses of cash within the investing activities section include: (a) capital expenditures, (b) investment purchases, including purchases of U.S. Treasury securities, and (c) equity method investments in the funds we manage.

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During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash used by investing activities primarily reflects purchases of U.S. Treasury securities and other investments and net contributions to equity method investments, offset by proceeds from maturities of U.S. Treasury securities.
Financing Activities
The Company’s financing activities reflect its capital market transactions and transactions with owners. The primary sources of cash within the financing activities section includes proceeds from debt and preferred equity issuances. The primary uses of cash within the financing activities section include: (a) distributions, (b) payments under the tax receivable agreement, (c) share repurchases, (d) cash paid to settle tax withholding obligations in connection with net share settlements of equity-based awards, and (e) repayments of debt.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, cash provided by financing activities primarily reflects proceeds from the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes and 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes, partially offset by distributions to Class A shareholders and Non-Controlling interest holders.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018, cash used by financing activities primarily reflected repayments on the term loan facility to AMH and distributions to Class A shareholders and Non-Controlling interest holders, partially offset by proceeds from the issuance of the Series B Preferred shares and the 2048 Senior Notes.
Future Debt Obligations
The Company had long-term debt of $2.4 billion at June 30, 2019, which includes $2.3 billion of senior notes with maturities in 2024, 2026, 2029, 2039 and 2048. See note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s debt arrangements.
Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies
The Company had unfunded general partner commitments of $1.1 billion at June 30, 2019, of which $434 million related to Fund IX. For a summary and a description of the nature of the Company’s commitments, contingencies and contractual obligations, see note 15 to the condensed consolidated financial statements and “—Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies”. The Company’s commitments are primarily fulfilled through cash flows from operations and (to a limited extent) through borrowings and equity issuances as described in notes 10 and 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, respectively.
Consolidated Funds and VIEs
The Company manages its liquidity needs by evaluating unconsolidated cash flows; however, the Company’s financial statements reflect the financial position of Apollo as well as Apollo’s consolidated funds and VIEs. The primary sources and uses of cash at Apollo’s consolidated funds and VIEs include: (a) raising capital from their investors, which have been reflected historically as Non-Controlling Interests of the consolidated subsidiaries in our financial statements, (b) using capital to make investments, (c) generating cash flows from operations through distributions, interest and the realization of investments, (d) distributing cash flow to investors, and (e) issuing debt to finance investments (CLOs).
Other Liquidity and Capital Resource Considerations
Future Cash Flows
Our ability to execute our business strategy, particularly our ability to increase our AUM, depends on our ability to establish new funds and to raise additional investor capital within such funds. Our liquidity will depend on a number of factors, such as our ability to project our financial performance, which is highly dependent on our funds and our ability to manage our projected costs, fund performance, access to credit facilities, compliance with existing credit agreements, as well as industry and market trends. Also during economic downturns the funds we manage might experience cash flow issues or liquidate entirely. In these situations we might be asked to reduce or eliminate the management fee and performance fees we charge, which could adversely impact our cash flow in the future.
An increase in the fair value of our funds’ investments, by contrast, could favorably impact our liquidity through higher management fees where the management fees are calculated based on the net asset value, gross assets or adjusted assets. Additionally, higher performance fees not yet realized would generally result when investments appreciate over their cost basis which would not have an impact on the Company’s cash flow until realized.

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Consideration of Financing Arrangements
As noted above, in limited circumstances, the Company may issue debt or equity to supplement its liquidity. The decision to enter into a particular financing arrangement is made after careful consideration of various factors including the Company’s cash flows from operations, future cash needs, current sources of liquidity, demand for the Company’s debt or equity, and prevailing interest rates.
Revolver Facility
Under the Company’s 2018 AMH Credit Facility, the Company may borrow in an aggregate amount not to exceed $750 million and may incur incremental facilities in an aggregate amount not to exceed $250 million plus additional amounts so long as the Borrower is in compliance with a net leverage ratio not to exceed 4.00 to 1.00. Borrowings under the 2018 AMH Credit Facility may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, including without limitation, permitted acquisitions. As of June 30, 2019, the 2018 AMH Credit Facility was undrawn.
Distributions
For information regarding the quarterly distributions which were made at the sole discretion of the Company’s manager during 2019 and 2018 to Class A shareholders, Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group and participating securities, see note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Although the Company expects to pay distributions according to our distribution policy, we may not pay distributions according to our policy, or at all, if, among other things, we do not have the cash necessary to pay the intended distributions. To the extent we do not have cash on hand sufficient to pay distributions, we may have to borrow funds to pay distributions, or we may determine not to pay distributions. The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly distributions are at the sole discretion of our manager.
On July 31, 2019, the Company declared a cash distribution of $0.50 per Class A share, which will be paid on August 30, 2019 to holders of record at the close of business on August 16, 2019. Also, the Company declared a cash distribution of $0.398438 per Series A Preferred share and Series B Preferred share which will be paid on September 16, 2019 to holders of record at the close of business on August 30, 2019.
Tax Receivable Agreement
The tax receivable agreement provides for the payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income taxes that APO Corp. realizes subject to the agreement. For more information regarding the tax receivable agreement, see note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
AGM Share Repurchases
For information regarding the Company’s share repurchase program, see note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
AINV Share Purchases
On March 11, 2016, it was announced that Apollo intended to embark on a program to purchase $50 million of AINV’s common stock, subject to certain regulatory approvals. Under the program, shares may be purchased from time to time in open market transactions and in accordance with applicable law. As of June 30, 2019, Apollo had purchased approximately 871 thousand shares, or approximately $4.9 million of AINV’s common stock.
Athora
On April 14, 2017, Apollo made an unfunded commitment of €125 million to purchase new Class B-1 equity interests in Athora, a strategic platform established to acquire traditional closed life insurance policies and provide capital and reinsurance solutions to insurers in Europe. In January 2018, Apollo purchased Class C-1 equity interests in Athora that represent a profits interest in Athora which, upon meeting certain vesting triggers, will be convertible by Apollo into additional Class B-1 equity interests in Athora. Apollo and Athene are minority investors in Athora and long term strategic partners with aggregate voting power of 35% and 10%, respectively. For more information regarding unfunded general partner commitments, see “—Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies”.

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In June 2019, Athora announced its intention to acquire VIVAT N.V.s life insurance business, which is expected to close in 2020 subject to customary closing conditions including regulatory approvals. VIVAT is expected to provide Athora with a platform for future growth due to its scale in the Dutch market, strong brands and deep distribution and underwriting capabilities
Fund VIII, Fund VII, Fund VI, ANRP I and ANRP II Escrow
As of June 30, 2019, the remaining investments and escrow cash of Fund VIII were valued at 125% of the fund’s unreturned capital, which was above the required escrow ratio of 115%. As of June 30, 2019, the remaining investments and escrow cash of Fund VII, Fund VI, ANRP I and ANRP II were valued at 73%, 37%, 62% and 112% of the fund’s unreturned capital, respectively, which were below the required escrow ratio of 115%. As a result, these funds are required to place in escrow current and future performance fee distributions to the general partner until the specified return ratio of 115% is met (at the time of a future distribution) or upon liquidation.
Clawback
Performance fees from our private equity funds and certain credit and real assets funds are subject to contingent repayment by the general partner in the event of future losses to the extent that the cumulative performance fees distributed from inception to date exceeds the amount computed as due to the general partner at the final distribution. See “—Overview of Results of Operations—Performance Fees” for the maximum performance fees subject to potential reversal by each fund.
Indemnification Liability
The Company recorded an indemnification liability in the event that our Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation to return previously distributed performance fees. See note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s indemnification liability.
Investment Management Agreements - Athene Asset Management
The Company provides asset management and advisory services to Athene as described in note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. On September 20, 2018, Athene and Apollo agreed to revise the existing fee arrangements (the “amended fee agreement”) between Athene and Apollo. The amended fee agreement was subject to approval by Athene’s shareholders of a bye-law amendment providing that Athene will not elect to terminate the investment management arrangement between Athene and Apollo, except for cause, for a period of four years from the date of the bye-law amendment and thereafter only on each successive two-year anniversary of the expiration of the initial four-year period. On June 10, 2019, the Athene shareholders approved the bye-law amendment and the amended fee agreement took effect retroactive to the month beginning January 1, 2019. The Company began recording fees pursuant to the amended fee agreement on January 1, 2019. The amended fee agreement provides for sub-allocation fees which vary based on portfolio allocation differentiation, as described below.
The base management fee covers a range of investment services that Athene receives from the Company, including investment management, asset allocation, mergers and acquisition asset diligence and certain operational support services such as investment compliance, tax, legal and risk management support, among others. Additionally, the amended fee agreement provides for a possible payment by the Company to Athene, or a possible payment by Athene to the Company, equal to 0.025% of the Incremental Value as of the end of each year, beginning on December 31, 2019, depending upon the percentage of Athene’s investments that consist of core assets and core plus assets. In furtherance of yield support for Athene, if more than 60% of Athene’s invested assets which are subject to the sub-allocation fees are invested in core and core plus assets, Athene will receive a 0.025% fee reduction on the Incremental Value. As an incentive for differentiated asset management, if less than 50% of Athene’s invested assets which are subject to the sub-allocation fee are invested in core and core plus assets, thereby reflecting a higher allocation toward assets with the highest alpha-generating abilities, Athene will pay an additional fee of 0.025% on Incremental Value.
The amended fee agreement is intended to provide for further alignment of interests between Athene and the Company. On the Backbook Value, assuming constant portfolio allocations, the near-term impact of the amended fee agreement is anticipated to be immaterial. On the Incremental Value, assuming the same allocations as the Backbook Value, total fees paid by Athene to the Company are expected to be marginally lower than fees paid by Athene to the Company would have been under the prior fee arrangement. If invested asset allocations are more heavily weighted to assets with lower alpha-generating abilities than Athene’s current investment portfolio, the fees that Athene pays to the Company under the Fee Agreement would be expected to decline relative to the prior fee arrangement. Conversely, if a greater proportion of Athene’s investment portfolio is allocated to differentiated assets with higher alpha-generating abilities, Athene’s net investment earned rates would be expected to increase, and so would the fees Athene pays to the Company relative to the prior fee arrangement.

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Equity-Based Profit Sharing Expense
Profit sharing amounts are generally not paid until the related performance fees are distributed to the general partner upon realization of the fund’s investments. Under certain profit sharing arrangements, a portion of the performance fees distributed to the general partner is allocated by issuance of equity-based awards, rather than cash, to employees. See note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the accounting for the Company’s profit sharing arrangements.
Strategic Relationship Agreement with CalPERS
On April 20, 2010, the Company announced that it entered into a strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS. The strategic relationship agreement provides that Apollo will reduce fees charged to CalPERS on funds it manages, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over a five-year period or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit. The agreement further provides that Apollo will not use a placement agent in connection with securing any future capital commitments from CalPERS. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had reduced fees charged to CalPERS on the funds it manages by approximately $108.2 million.
Critical Accounting Policies
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based upon the condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from these estimates. A summary of our significant accounting policies is presented in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The following is a summary of our accounting policies that are affected most by judgments, estimates and assumptions.
Consolidation
The Company assesses all entities with which it is involved for consolidation on a case by case basis depending on the specific facts and circumstances surrounding each entity. Pursuant to the consolidation guidance, the Company first evaluates whether it holds a variable interest in an entity. Apollo factors in all economic interests including proportionate interests through related parties, to determine if such interests are to be considered a variable interest. As Apollo’s interest in many of these entities is solely through market rate fees and/or insignificant indirect interests through related parties, Apollo is generally not considered to have a variable interest in many of these entities under the guidance and no further consolidation analysis is performed. For entities where the Company has determined that it does hold a variable interest, the Company performs an assessment to determine whether each of those entities qualify as a VIE.
The determination as to whether an entity qualifies as a VIE depends on the facts and circumstances surrounding each entity and therefore certain of Apollo’s funds may qualify as VIEs under the variable interest model whereas others may qualify as voting interest entities (“VOEs”) under the voting interest model. The granting of substantive kick-out rights is a key consideration in determining whether a limited partnership or similar entity is a VIE and whether or not that entity should be consolidated.
Under the voting interest model, Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest. Apollo does not consolidate those VOEs in which substantive kick-out rights have been granted to the unaffiliated investors to either dissolve the fund or remove the general partner.
 Under the variable interest model, Apollo consolidates those entities where it is determined that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entity. The Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest in the VIE defined as possessing both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. If Apollo alone is not considered to have a controlling financial interest in the VIE but Apollo and its related parties under common control in the aggregate have a controlling financial interest in the VIE, Apollo will still be deemed to be the primary beneficiary if it is the party within the related party group that is most closely associated with the VIE. If Apollo and its related parties not under common control in the aggregate have a controlling financial interest in a VIE, then Apollo is deemed to be the primary beneficiary if substantially all the activities of the entity are performed on behalf of Apollo. Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes initially involved with the VIE and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, related parties of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective entity may affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.

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The assessment of whether an entity is a VIE and the determination of whether Apollo should consolidate such VIE requires judgment by our management. Those judgments include, but are not limited to: (i) determining whether the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, (ii) evaluating whether the holders of equity investment at risk, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity, (iii) determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive the expected residual returns from an entity and (iv) evaluating the nature of the relationship and activities of those related parties with shared power or under common control for purposes of determining which party within the related-party group is most closely associated with the VIE. Judgments are also made in determining whether a member in the equity group has a controlling financial interest including power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and rights to receive benefits or obligations to absorb losses that could be potentially significant to the VIE. This analysis considers all relevant economic interests including proportionate interests held through related parties.
Revenue Recognition
Performance Fees. We earn performance fees from our funds as a result of such funds achieving specified performance criteria. Such performance fees generally are earned based upon a fixed percentage of realized and unrealized gains of various funds after meeting any applicable hurdle rate or threshold minimum.
Performance allocations are performance fees that are generally structured from a legal standpoint as an allocation of capital to the Company. Performance allocations from certain of the funds that we manage are subject to contingent repayment and are generally paid to us as particular investments made by the funds are realized. If, however, upon liquidation of a fund, the aggregate amount paid to us as performance fees exceeds the amount actually due to us based upon the aggregate performance of the fund, the excess (in certain cases net of taxes) is required to be returned by us to that fund. We account for performance allocations as an equity method investment, and accordingly, we accrue performance allocations quarterly based on fair value of the underlying investments and separately assess if contingent repayment is necessary. The determination of performance allocations and contingent repayment considers both the terms of the respective partnership agreements and the current fair value of the underlying investments within the funds. Estimates and assumptions are made when determining the fair value of the underlying investments within the funds and could vary depending on the valuation methodology that is used. See “Investments, at Fair Value” below for further discussion related to significant estimates and assumptions used for determining fair value of the underlying investments in our credit, private equity and real assets funds.
Incentive fees are performance fees structured as a contractual fee arrangement rather than a capital allocation. Incentive fees are generally received from the management of CLOs, managed accounts and AINV. For a majority of our incentive fees, once the quarterly or annual incentive fees have been determined, there is no look-back to prior periods for a potential contingent repayment, however, certain other incentive fees can be subject to contingent repayment at the end of the life of the entity. In accordance with the new revenue recognition standard, certain incentive fees are considered a form of variable consideration and therefore are deferred until fees are probable to not be significantly reversed. There is significant judgment involved in determining if the incentive fees are probable to not be significantly reversed, but generally the Company will defer the revenue until the fees are crystallized or are no longer subject to clawback or reversal. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue recognition guidance, incentive fees were recognized on an assumed liquidation basis.
Management Fees. Management fees related to our credit funds, can be based on net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, capital contributions, or stockholders’ equity all as defined in the respective partnership agreements. The credit management fee calculations that consider net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments and adjusted assets are normally based on the terms of the respective partnership agreements and the current fair value of the underlying investments within the funds. Estimates and assumptions are made when determining the fair value of the underlying investments within the funds and could vary depending on the valuation methodology that is used. The management fees related to our private equity funds, by contrast, are generally based on a fixed percentage of the committed capital or invested capital. The corresponding fee calculations that consider committed capital or invested capital are both objective in nature and therefore do not require the use of significant estimates or assumptions. The management fees related to our real assets funds are generally based on a specific percentage of the funds’ stockholders’ equity or committed or net invested capital or the capital accounts of the limited partners. See “Investments, at Fair Value” below for further discussion related to significant estimates and assumptions used for determining fair value of the underlying investments in our credit, private equity and real assets funds.
Investments, at Fair Value
On a quarterly basis, Apollo utilizes valuation committees consisting of members from senior management, to review and approve the valuation results related to the investments of the funds it manages. For certain publicly traded vehicles managed by Apollo, a review is performed by an independent board of directors. The Company also retains independent valuation firms to

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provide third-party valuation consulting services to Apollo, which consist of certain limited procedures that management identifies and requests them to perform. The limited procedures provided by the independent valuation firms assist management with validating their valuation results or determining fair value. The Company performs various back-testing procedures to validate their valuation approaches, including comparisons between expected and observed outcomes, forecast evaluations and variance analyses. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, the estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
The fair values of the investments in our funds can be impacted by changes to the assumptions used in the underlying valuation models. For further discussion on the impact of changes to valuation assumptions see “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Sensitivity” in our 2018 Annual Report. There have been no material changes to the valuation approaches utilized during the periods that our financial results are presented in this report.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Except for the Company’s debt obligations (each as defined in note 10 to our condensed consolidated financial statements), Apollo’s financial instruments are recorded at fair value or at amounts whose carrying values approximate fair value. See “—Investments, at Fair Value” above. While Apollo’s valuations of portfolio investments are based on assumptions that Apollo believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the actual realized gains or losses will depend on, among other factors, future operating results, the value of the assets and market conditions at the time of disposition, any related transaction costs and the timing and manner of sale, all of which may ultimately differ significantly from the assumptions on which the valuations were based. Financial instruments’ carrying values generally approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments or variable interest rates related to the borrowings.
Profit Sharing Expense. Profit sharing expense is primarily a result of agreements with our Contributing Partners and employees to compensate them based on the ownership interest they have in the general partners of the Apollo funds. Therefore, changes in the fair value of the underlying investments in the funds we manage and advise affect profit sharing expense. The Contributing Partners and employees are allocated approximately 30% to 50%, of the total performance fees which is driven primarily by changes in fair value of the underlying fund’s investments and is treated as compensation expense. Additionally, profit sharing expenses paid may be subject to clawback from employees, former employees and Contributing Partners to the extent not indemnified. When applicable, the accrual for potential clawback of previously distributed profit sharing amounts, which is a component of due from related parties on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, represents all amounts previously distributed to employees, former employees and Contributing Partners that would need to be returned to the general partner if the Apollo funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds’ investments as of the reporting date. The actual general partner receivable, however, would not become realized until the end of a fund’s life.
Several of the Company’s employee remuneration programs are dependent upon performance fee realizations, including the Incentive Pool, and dedicated performance fee rights.  The Company established these programs to attract and retain, and provide incentive to, partners and employees of the Company and to more closely align the overall compensation of partners and employees with the overall realized performance of the Company.  Dedicated performance fee rights entitle their holders to payments arising from performance fee realizations.  The Incentive Pool enables certain partners and employees to earn discretionary compensation based on realized performance fees in a given year, which amounts are reflected in profit sharing expense in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.  Amounts earned by participants as a result of their performance fee rights (whether dedicated or Incentive Pool) will vary year-to-year depending on the overall realized performance of the Company (and, in the case of the Incentive Pool, on their individual performance). There is no assurance that the Company will continue to compensate individuals through the same types of arrangements in the future and there may be periods when the executive committee of the Company’s manager determines that allocations of realized performance fees are not sufficient to compensate individuals, which may result in an increase in salary, bonus and benefits, the modification of existing programs or the use of new remuneration programs.  Reductions in performance fee revenues could also make it harder to retain employees and cause employees to seek other employment opportunities.
Fair Value Option. Apollo has elected the fair value option for the Company’s investment in Athene Holding, the assets and liabilities of certain of its consolidated VIEs (including CLOs), the Company’s U.S. Treasury securities with original maturities greater than three months when purchased and certain of the Company’s other investments. Such election is irrevocable and is applied to financial instruments on an individual basis at initial recognition. See notes 3, 5, and 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further disclosure.
Equity-Based Compensation. Equity-based compensation is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires that the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award is generally measured based on the grant date fair value of the award. Equity-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Equity-based employee awards that require future service are recognized over the relevant service period. In addition, certain RSUs granted

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by the Company vest subject to continued employment and the Company’s receipt of performance fees, within prescribed periods, sufficient to cover the associated equity-based compensation expense. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, equity-based compensation expense for such awards, if and when granted, will be recognized on an accelerated recognition method over the requisite service period to the extent the performance fee metrics are met or deemed probable. The addition of these performance measures helps to promote the interests of our Class A shareholders and fund investors by making RSU vesting contingent on the realization and distribution of profits on our funds. Forfeitures of equity-based awards are accounted for when they occur. Apollo’s equity-based awards consist of, or provide rights with respect to, AOG Units, RSUs, share options, restricted shares, AHL Awards and other equity-based compensation awards. For more information regarding Apollo’s equity-based compensation awards, see note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company’s assumptions made to determine the fair value on grant date are embodied in the calculations of compensation expense.
A significant part of our compensation expense is derived from amortization of RSUs. The fair value of all RSU grants after March 29, 2011 is based on the grant date fair value, which considers the public share price of the Company. The Company has three types of RSU grants, which we refer to as Plan Grants, Bonus Grants, and Performance Grants. Plan Grants may or may not provide the right to receive distribution equivalents until the RSUs vest and, for grants made after 2011, the underlying shares are generally issued by March 15th after the year in which they vest. For Plan Grants, the grant date fair value is based on the public share price of the Company, and is discounted for transfer restrictions and lack of distributions until vested if applicable. Bonus Grants provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on both vested and unvested RSUs and Performance Grants provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on vested RSUs and may also provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on unvested RSUs. Both Bonus Grants and Performance Grants are generally issued by March 15th of the year following the year in which they vest. For Bonus Grants and Performance Grants, the grant date fair value for the periods presented is based on the public share price of the Company, and is discounted for transfer restrictions.
We utilized the present value of a growing annuity formula to calculate a discount for the lack of pre-vesting distributions on certain Plan Grant and Performance Grant RSUs.
We utilize the Finnerty Model to calculate a marketability discount on the Plan Grant, Bonus Grant and Performance Grant RSUs to account for the lag between vesting and issuance. The Finnerty Model provides for a valuation discount reflecting the holding period restriction embedded in a restricted security preventing its sale over a certain period of time.
The Finnerty Model proposes to estimate a discount for lack of marketability such as transfer restrictions by using an option pricing theory. This model has gained recognition through its ability to address the magnitude of the discount by considering the volatility of a company’s stock price and the length of restriction. The concept underpinning the Finnerty Model is that a restricted security cannot be sold over a certain period of time. Further simplified, a restricted share of equity in a company can be viewed as having forfeited a put on the average price of the marketable equity over the restriction period (also known as an “Asian Put Option”). If we price an Asian Put Option and compare this value to that of the assumed fully marketable underlying security, we can effectively estimate the marketability discount. The inputs utilized in the Finnerty Model are (i) length of holding period, (ii) volatility and (iii) distribution yield.
Bonus Grants constitute a component of the discretionary annual compensation awarded to certain of our professionals. During 2016, the Company increased the default portion of annual compensation to be awarded as a discretionary Bonus Grant relative to the portion awarded in previous years. The increase in the proportion of discretionary annual compensation awarded as a Bonus Grant has generally been offset by a decrease in discretionary annual cash bonuses. These changes are intended to further align the interests of Apollo’s employees and stakeholders and strengthen the long-term commitment of our partners and employees.
Fair Value Measurements
See note 6 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the Company’s fair value measurements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
A list of recent accounting pronouncements that are relevant to Apollo and its industry is included in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of business, we engage in off-balance sheet arrangements, including transactions in derivatives, guarantees, commitments, indemnifications and potential contingent repayment obligations. See note 15 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of guarantees and contingent obligations.
Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies
The Company’s material contractual obligations consisted of lease obligations, contractual commitments as part of the ongoing operations of the funds and debt obligations. Fixed and determinable payments due in connection with these obligations are as follows as of June 30, 2019:
 
Remaining 2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Thereafter
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Operating lease obligations(8)
$
19,644

 
$
28,954

 
$
39,747

 
$
42,508

 
$
41,169

 
$
495,893

 
$
667,915

Other long-term obligations(1)
14,356

 
5,786

 
1,501

 
919

 
682

 
682

 
23,926

2018 AMH Credit Facility(2)
338

 
675

 
675

 
675

 
358

 

 
2,721

2024 Senior Notes(3)
10,000

 
20,000

 
20,000

 
20,000

 
20,000

 
508,333

 
598,333

2026 Senior Notes(4)
11,000

 
22,000

 
22,000

 
22,000

 
22,000

 
552,983

 
651,983

2029 Senior Notes(5)
16,443

 
32,886

 
32,886

 
32,886

 
32,886

 
847,652

 
995,639

2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes(6)
7,751

 
15,503

 
15,503

 
15,503

 
15,503

 
565,289

 
635,052

2048 Senior Notes(7)
7,500

 
15,000

 
15,000

 
15,000

 
15,000

 
663,750

 
731,250

2014 AMI Term Facility I
155

 
310

 
15,757

 

 

 

 
16,222

2014 AMI Term Facility II
153

 
306

 
306

 
17,594

 

 

 
18,359

2016 AMI Term Facility I
125

 
249

 
249

 
249

 
249

 
19,445

 
20,566

2016 AMI Term Facility II
130

 
260

 
260

 
260

 
18,693

 

 
19,603

Obligations
$
87,595

 
$
141,929

 
$
163,884

 
$
167,594

 
$
166,540

 
$
3,654,027

 
$
4,381,569

(1)
Includes (i) payments on management service agreements related to certain assets and (ii) payments with respect to certain consulting agreements entered into by the Company. Note that a significant portion of these costs are reimbursable by funds.
(2)
The commitment fee as of June 30, 2019 on the $750 million undrawn 2018 AMH Credit Facility was 0.09%. See note 10 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the 2018 AMH Credit Facility.
(3)
$500 million of the 2024 Senior Notes matures in May 2024. The interest rate on the 2024 Senior Notes as of June 30, 2019 was 4.00%. See note 10 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the 2024 Senior Notes.
(4)
$500 million of the 2026 Senior Notes matures in May 2026. The interest rate on the 2026 Senior Notes as of June 30, 2019 was 4.40%. See note 10 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the 2026 Senior Notes.
(5)
$675 million of the 2029 Senior Notes matures in February 2029. The interest rate on the 2029 Senior Notes as of June 30, 2019 was 4.87%. See note 10 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the 2029 Senior Notes.
(6)
$325 million of the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes matures in June 2039. The interest rate on the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes as of June 30, 2019 was 4.77%. See note 10 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes.
(7)
$300 million of the 2048 Senior Notes matures in March 2048. The interest rate on the 2048 Senior Notes as of June 30, 2019 was 5.00%. See note 10 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the 2048 Senior Notes.
(8)
Operating lease obligations excludes $135.9 million of other operating expenses.
Note:
Due to the fact that the timing of certain amounts to be paid cannot be determined or for other reasons discussed below, the following contractual commitments have not been presented in the table above.
(i)
As noted previously, we have entered into a tax receivable agreement with our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners which requires us to pay to our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. The tax savings achieved may not ensure that we have sufficient cash available to pay this liability and we might be required to incur additional debt to satisfy this liability.
(ii)
Debt amounts related to the consolidated VIEs are not presented in the table above as the Company is not a guarantor of these non-recourse liabilities.
(iii)
In connection with the Stone Tower acquisition, the Company agreed to pay the former owners of Stone Tower a specified percentage of any future performance fees earned from certain of the Stone Tower funds, CLOs and strategic investment accounts. This contingent consideration liability is remeasured to fair value at each reporting period until the obligations are satisfied. See note 15 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the contingent consideration liability.
(iv)
Commitments from certain of our subsidiaries to contribute to the funds we manage and certain related parties.

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Commitments
Certain of our management companies and general partners are committed to contribute to the funds we manage and certain related parties. While a small percentage of these amounts are funded by us, the majority of these amounts have historically been funded by our related parties, including certain of our employees and certain Apollo funds. The table below presents the commitment and remaining commitment amounts of Apollo and its related parties, the percentage of total fund commitments of Apollo and its related parties, the commitment and remaining commitment amounts of Apollo only (excluding related parties), and the percentage of total fund commitments of Apollo only (excluding related parties) for each credit, private equity and real assets fund as of June 30, 2019 as follows ($ in millions):

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Fund
Apollo and Related Party Commitments
 
% of Total Fund Commitments
 
Apollo Only (Excluding Related Party) Commitments
 
Apollo Only (Excluding Related Party) % of Total Fund Commitments
 
Apollo and Related Party Remaining Commitments
 
Apollo Only (Excluding Related Party) Remaining Commitments
Credit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. (“COF II”)
$
30.5

 
1.93
%
 
$
23.4

 
1.48
%
 
$
0.8

 
$
0.6

Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. (“COF I”)
449.2

 
30.26

 
29.7

 
2.00

 
237.1

 
4.2

FCI III
224.3

 
11.76

 
0.1

 
0.01

 
112.6

 
0.1

Financial Credit Investment II, L.P. (“FCI II”)
245.3

 
15.77

 

 

 
116.3

 

FCI I
151.3

 
27.07

 

 

 

 

SCRF IV
416.1

 
16.63

 
33.1

 
1.32

 
131.6

 
10.5

MidCap
1,672.9

 
80.23

 
110.9

 
5.32

 
74.0

 
31.0

Apollo Moultrie Credit Fund, L.P.
400.0

 
100.00

 

 

 
155.0

 

Apollo/Palmetto Short-Maturity Loan Portfolio, L.P.
300.0

 
100.00

 

 

 

 

Apollo Accord Master Fund II, L.P.
116.6

 
24.01

 
11.6

 
2.39

 
20.4

 
7.6

Apollo Accord Master Fund III, L.P.
212.1

 
32.86

 
0.1

 
0.02

 
212.1

 
0.1

Athora(1)
673.9

 
27.37

 
142.2

 
5.77

 
467.5

 
98.6

Other Credit
3,442.5

 
Various

 
150.9

 
Various

 
1,583.0

 
68.2

Private Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund IX
1,849.5

 
7.48

 
468.7

 
1.90

 
1,691.9

 
433.6

Fund VIII
1,543.5

 
8.40

 
396.4

 
2.16

 
262.6

 
68.5

Fund VII
467.2

 
3.18

 
178.1

 
1.21

 
60.9

 
23.2

Fund VI
246.3

 
2.43

 
6.1

 
0.06

 
9.7

 
0.2

Fund V
100.0

 
2.67

 
0.5

 
0.01

 
6.2

 

Fund IV
100.0

 
2.78

 
0.2

 
0.01

 
0.5

 

AION
151.5

 
18.34

 
50.0

 
6.05

 
19.3

 
6.2

ANRP I
426.1

 
32.21

 
10.1

 
0.76

 
59.7

 
1.1

ANRP II
561.2

 
16.25

 
26.0

 
0.75

 
226.2

 
9.9

ANRP III
648.1

 
49.71

 
28.1

 
2.16

 
648.1

 
28.1

A.A. Mortgage Opportunities, L.P.
625.0

 
80.31

 

 

 
261.6

 

Apollo Rose, L.P.
299.1

 
100.00

 

 

 

 

Apollo Rose II, L.P.
887.1

 
51.01

 
33.0

 
1.9

 
394.6

 
14.9

Champ, L.P.
191.6

 
78.25

 
26.4

 
10.8

 
7.1

 
1.1

Apollo Royalties Management, LLC
108.6

 
100.00

 

 

 

 

Apollo Hybrid Value Fund, L.P.
834.2

 
25.76

 
89.2

 
2.75

 
725.1

 
77.5

COF III
358.1

 
10.45

 
83.1

 
2.43

 
76.9

 
19.0

Apollo Asia Private Credit Fund, L.P.
126.5

 
55.12

 
0.1

 
0.04

 
31.9

 

AEOF
125.5

 
12.01

 
25.5

 
2.44

 
92.6

 
18.8

Other Private Equity
684.3

 
Various

 
134.4

 
Various

 
206.1

 
77.9

Real Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. RE Fund II(2)
717.6

 
58.18

 
4.7

 
0.39

 
338.7

 
1.8

U.S. RE Fund I(2)
434.3

 
66.79

 
16.5

 
2.53

 
81.7

 
2.7

CPI Capital Partners Europe, L.P.(1)
6.2

 
0.47

 

 

 

 

CPI Capital Partners Asia Pacific, L.P.
6.9

 
0.53

 
0.5

 
0.04

 
0.1

 

Asia RE Fund(2)
376.9

 
53.12

 
8.4

 
1.18

 
246.9

 
5.9

Infrastructure Equity Fund(3)
322.8

 
35.97

 
13.1

 
1.46

 
81.3

 
2.7

EPF III(1)
609.4

 
13.45

 
72.6

 
1.60

 
332.3

 
40.7

EPF II(1)
411.2

 
11.91

 
60.2

 
1.74

 
93.1

 
18.1

Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. (“EPF I”)(1)
305.5

 
20.74

 
20.1

 
1.37

 
49.5

 
4.6

Other Real Assets
577.4

 
Various

 
1.6

 
Various

 
51.8

 
0.1

Other:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apollo SPN Investments I, L.P.
14.6

 
0.32

 
14.6

 
0.32

 
9.2

 
9.2

Total
$
22,450.9

 
 
 
$
2,270.2

 
 
 
$
9,176.0

 
$
1,086.7

(1)
Apollo’s commitment in these funds is denominated in Euros and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of €1.00 to $1.14 as of June 30, 2019.

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(2)
Figures for U.S. RE Fund I include base, additional, and co-investment commitments. A co-investment vehicle within U.S. RE Fund I is denominated in pound sterling and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of £1.00 to $1.27 as of June 30, 2019. Figures for U.S. RE Fund II and Asia RE Fund include co-investment commitments.
(3)
Figures for Apollo Infrastructure Equity Fund include Apollo Infra Equity US Fund, L.P. and Apollo Infra Equity International Fund, L.P. commitments.
On April 30, 2015, Apollo entered into the AAA Investments Credit Agreement (see note 14 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for further disclosure regarding this facility). The 2018 AMH Credit Facility, 2024 Senior Notes, 2026 Senior Notes, 2029 Senior Notes, 2039 Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes and 2048 Senior Notes will have future impacts on our cash uses. See note 10 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding the Company’s debt arrangements.
Contingent Obligation—Performance fees with respect to certain credit and private equity funds and real assets funds is subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative performance fees recognized in income to date. See note 15 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for a description of our contingent obligation.
One of the Company’s subsidiaries, AGS, provides underwriting commitments in connection with securities offerings to the portfolio companies of the funds Apollo manages. As of June 30, 2019, there were no underwriting commitments.
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our predominant exposure to market risk is related to our role as investment manager and general partner for our funds and the sensitivity to movements in the fair value of their investments and resulting impact on performance fees and management fee revenues. Our direct investments in the funds also expose us to market risk whereby movements in the fair values of the underlying investments will increase or decrease both net gains (losses) from investment activities and income (loss) from equity method investments. For a discussion of the impact of market risk factors on our financial instruments see “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies—Investments, at Fair Value.”
The fair value of our financial assets and liabilities of our funds may fluctuate in response to changes in the value of investments, foreign exchange, commodities and interest rates. The net effect of these fair value changes impacts the gains and losses from investments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. However, the majority of these fair value changes are absorbed by the Non-Controlling Interests.
The Company is subject to a concentration risk related to the investors in its funds. Although there are more than 1,000 investors in Apollo’s active credit, private equity and real assets funds, no individual investor accounts for more than 10% of the total committed capital to Apollo’s active funds.
Risks are analyzed across funds from the “bottom up” and from the “top down” with a particular focus on asymmetric risk. We gather and analyze data, monitor investments and markets in detail, and constantly strive to better quantify, qualify and circumscribe relevant risks.
Each risk management process is subject to our overall risk tolerance and philosophy and our enterprise-wide risk management framework. This framework includes identifying, measuring and managing market, credit and operational risks at each segment, as well as at the fund and Company level.
Each segment runs its own investment and risk management process subject to our overall risk tolerance and philosophy:
Our credit and real assets funds continuously monitor a variety of markets for attractive trading opportunities, applying a number of traditional and customized risk management metrics to analyze risk related to specific assets or portfolios, as well as, fund-wide risks.
The investment process of our private equity funds involves a detailed analysis of potential acquisitions, and investment management teams assigned to monitor the strategic development, financing and capital deployment decisions of each portfolio investment.
At the direction of the Company’s manager, the Company has established a risk committee comprised of various members of senior management including the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, Chief Legal Officer, and the Company’s Chief Risk Officer. The risk committee is tasked with assisting the Company’s manager in monitoring and managing enterprise-wide risk. The risk committee generally meets on a quarterly basis and reports to senior management of the Company’s manager at such times as the committee deems appropriate and at least on an annual basis.

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On at least a monthly basis, the Company’s risk department provides a summary analysis of fund level market and credit risk to the portfolio managers of the Company’s funds and the heads of the various business segments. On a periodic basis, the Company’s risk department presents a consolidated summary analysis of fund level market and credit risk to the Company’s risk committee. In addition, the Company’s Chief Risk Officer reviews specific investments from the perspective of risk mitigation and discusses such analysis with the Company’s risk committee and/or the executive committee of the Company’s manager at such times as the Company’s Chief Risk Officer determines such discussions are warranted. On an annual basis, the Company’s Chief Risk Officer provides senior management of the Company’s manager with a comprehensive overview of risk management along with an update on current and future risk initiatives.
Impact on Management Fees—Our management fees are based on one of the following:
capital commitments to an Apollo fund;
capital invested in an Apollo fund;
the gross, net or adjusted asset value of an Apollo fund, as defined; or
as otherwise defined in the respective agreements.
Management fees could be impacted by changes in market risk factors and management could consider an investment permanently impaired as a result of (i) such market risk factors causing changes in invested capital or in market values to below cost, in the case of certain credit funds and our private equity funds or (ii) such market risk factors causing changes in gross or net asset value, for the credit funds. The proportion of our management fees that are based on NAV is dependent on the number and types of our funds in existence and the current stage of each fund’s life cycle.
Impact on Advisory and Transaction Fees—We earn transaction fees relating to the negotiation of credit, private equity and real assets transactions and may obtain reimbursement for certain out-of-pocket expenses incurred. Subsequently, on a quarterly or annual basis, ongoing advisory fees, and additional transaction fees in connection with additional purchases, dispositions, or follow-on transactions, may be earned. Management Fee Offsets and any broken deal costs, if applicable, are reflected as a reduction to advisory and transaction fees. Advisory and transaction fees will be impacted by changes in market risk factors to the extent that they limit our opportunities to engage in credit, private equity and real assets transactions or impair our ability to consummate such transactions. The impact of changes in market risk factors on advisory and transaction fees is not readily predicted or estimated.
Impact on Performance Fees—We earn performance fees from our funds as a result of such funds achieving specified performance criteria. Our performance fees will be impacted by changes in market risk factors. However, several major factors will influence the degree of impact:
the performance criteria for each individual fund in relation to how that fund’s results of operations are impacted by changes in market risk factors;
whether such performance criteria are annual or over the life of the fund;
to the extent applicable, the previous performance of each fund in relation to its performance criteria; and
whether each funds’ performance fee distributions are subject to contingent repayment.
As a result, the impact of changes in market risk factors on performance fees will vary widely from fund to fund. The impact is heavily dependent on the prior and future performance of each fund, and therefore is not readily predicted or estimated.
Market Risk—We are directly and indirectly affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk generally represents the risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues and expenses will be adversely affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk is inherent in each of our investments and activities, including equity investments, loans, short-term borrowings, long-term debt, hedging instruments, credit default swaps and derivatives. Just a few of the market conditions that may shift from time to time, thereby exposing us to market risk, include fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity prices, changes in the implied volatility of interest rates and price deterioration. Volatility in debt and equity markets can impact our pace of capital deployment, the timing of receipt of transaction fee revenues and the timing of realizations. These market conditions could have an impact on the value of fund investments and rates of return. Accordingly, depending on the instruments or activities impacted, market risks can have wide ranging, complex adverse effects on our results from operations and our overall financial condition. We monitor market risk using certain strategies and methodologies which management evaluates periodically for appropriateness. We intend to continue to monitor this risk going forward and continue to monitor our exposure to all market factors.

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Interest Rate Risk—Interest rate risk represents exposure we and our funds have to instruments whose values vary with the change in interest rates. These instruments include, but are not limited to, loans, borrowings, investments in interest bearing securities and derivative instruments. We may seek to mitigate risks associated with the exposures by having our funds take offsetting positions in derivative contracts. Hedging instruments allow us to seek to mitigate risks by reducing the effect of movements in the level of interest rates, changes in the shape of the yield curve, as well as, changes in interest rate volatility. Hedging instruments used to mitigate these risks may include related derivatives such as options, futures and swaps.
Credit Risk—Certain of our funds are subject to certain inherent risks through their investments.
Certain of our entities invest substantially all of their excess cash in open-end money market funds and money market demand accounts, which are included in cash and cash equivalents. The money market funds invest primarily in government securities and other short-term, highly liquid instruments with a low risk of loss. We continually monitor the funds’ performance in order to manage any risk associated with these investments.
Certain of our funds hold derivative instruments that contain an element of risk in the event that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of such agreements. We seek to minimize our risk exposure by limiting the counterparties with which our funds enter into contracts to banks and investment banks who meet established credit and capital guidelines. As of June 30, 2019, we do not expect any counterparty to default on its obligations and therefore do not expect to incur any loss due to counterparty default.
Foreign Exchange Risk—Foreign exchange risk represents exposures our funds have to changes in the values of current fund holdings and future cash flows denominated in other currencies and investments in non-U.S. companies. The types of investments exposed to this risk include investments in foreign subsidiaries, foreign currency-denominated loans, foreign currency-denominated transactions, and various foreign exchange derivative instruments whose values fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates or foreign interest rates. Instruments used to mitigate this risk are foreign exchange options, currency swaps, futures and forwards. These instruments may be used to help insulate our funds against losses that may arise due to volatile movements in foreign exchange rates and/or interest rates.
In our capacity as investment manager of the funds we manage, we continuously monitor a variety of markets for attractive opportunities for managing risk. For example, certain of the funds we manage may put in place foreign exchange hedges or borrowings with respect to certain foreign currency denominated investments to provide a hedge against foreign exchange exposure.
Non-U.S. Operations—We conduct business throughout the world and are continuing to expand into foreign markets. We currently have offices outside the U.S. in Toronto, London, Frankfurt, Madrid, Luxembourg, Mumbai, Delhi, Singapore, Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tokyo and have been strategically growing our international presence. Our fund investments and our revenues are primarily derived from our U.S. operations. With respect to our non-U.S. operations, we are subject to risk of loss from currency fluctuations, social instability, changes in governmental policies or policies of central banks, expropriation, nationalization, unfavorable political and diplomatic developments and changes in legislation relating to non-U.S. ownership. Our funds also invest in the securities of companies which are located in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As we continue to expand globally, we will continue to focus on monitoring and managing these risk factors as they relate to specific non-U.S. investments.
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures”, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired objectives.
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are effective at the reasonable assurance level to accomplish their objectives of ensuring that information we are required to disclose

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in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
No changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during our most recent quarter, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
See note 15 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for a summary of the Company’s legal proceedings.
ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the information under the heading "Risk Factors" in our 2018 Annual Report, which is accessible on the Securities and Exchange Commission's website at www.sec.gov. On May 2, 2019, we announced our decision to convert from a publicly traded partnership to a corporation (the “Corporation” and such conversion, the “Conversion”), which we anticipate will become effective during the third quarter of 2019 (the “Effective Time”). At the Effective Time, (i) each Class A share that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A common stock of the Corporation (“Class A Common Stock”), (ii) each Class B share that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable share of Class B common stock of the Corporation (“Class B Common Stock”), (iii) each Series A Preferred share that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable share of Series A preferred stock of the Corporation, (iv) each Series B preferred share that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into one issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable share of Series B preferred stock of the Corporation, and (v) all of our manager’s rights in the Company pursuant to the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated as of March 19, 2018 shall be exchanged for one issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable share of Class C common stock of the Corporation (“Class C Common Stock”). In addition to the risks identified in our 2018 Annual Report, the following risks have been identified related to the expected conversion.
Following the Conversion, we expect to pay more corporate income taxes than we would have as a limited liability company taxed as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
On May 2, 2019, we announced our decision to convert Apollo Global Management, LLC from a Delaware limited liability company to a Delaware corporation. We anticipate that the Conversion will be effective during the third quarter of 2019. Following the Conversion, all of the net income attributable to the Corporation will be subject to U.S. federal (and state and local) corporate income taxes, which we anticipate will have a dilutive impact to Distributable Earnings per share of Class A Common Stock and net income attributable to the Corporation and reduce the amount of cash available for dividends to the holders of the Corporation’s Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Common Stockholders”), although this dilution should initially be mitigated by a partial tax basis step-up related to the Conversion. As a result of the tax basis step-up, we anticipate that the dilutive impact to Distributable Earnings from the Conversion will be approximately 7% to 9% over a cycle, as realizations occur. Our estimates of the dilutive impact of the Conversion to after-tax earnings are presented for illustrative purposes only and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Among other things, these estimates are based on the currently enacted maximum U.S. federal corporate income tax rate of 21%. This rate may increase in the future, which would cause us to pay more corporate income taxes than currently anticipated.
Following the Conversion, because all of the net income attributable to the Corporation will be subject to corporate income taxes, we expect the amount of the Corporation’s cash tax savings from future exchanges of Apollo Operating Group units for shares of Class A Common Stock to increase as compared to the cash tax savings historically realized by the Company from such exchanges for Class A Common Shares. As a result, we expect the amount the Corporation will be required to pay under the tax receivable agreement (i.e., 85% of cash tax savings it realizes) will in the aggregate, over time, be higher for exchanges following the Conversion. This would similarly have the effect of increasing the amount of any early termination payment or the amounts due upon the occurrence of an acceleration event, which are determined in part by reference to amounts payable in respect of future exchanges.
Following the Conversion, the declaration, payment and determination of dividends to our Class A Common Stockholders will be at the sole discretion of the board of directors of the Corporation (the “New Board”), and our dividend policy may be

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changed at any time. Because of additional taxes to be paid by us as a corporation, the net income available for dividends to the Corporation’s Class A Common Stockholders, if declared, will be lower than it would otherwise have been in prior periods as a limited liability company (based on the same level of pre-tax income). Our distribution policy as a limited liability company has been to distribute to the holders of our Class A shares substantially all of our Distributable Earnings attributable to the holders of Class A shares, in excess of amounts determined by the manager to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of our business, to make appropriate investments in our businesses and our funds, to comply with applicable law, any of our debt instruments or other agreements, or to provide for future distributions to the holders of our Class A shares for any ensuing quarter, and we currently do not anticipate any change to our dividend policy. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, any dividends we pay following the Conversion generally will be treated as qualified dividend income (generally taxable to U.S. individual stockholders at capital gain rates) paid by a domestic corporation to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Following the Conversion, none of our income, gains, losses, deductions or credits will flow through to the Class A Common Stockholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Although we believe that the Conversion will, among other things, simplify our tax reporting for stockholders, expand our stockholder base, and increase the liquidity of the Corporation’s Class A Common Stock, we may fail to realize all or some of the anticipated benefits of the Conversion, or those benefits may take longer to realize than we expected, which could contribute to a decline in the trading price of our Class A shares or, after the Conversion, the Class A Common Stock. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the anticipated benefits of the Conversion will over time offset the cost of the Conversion.
We may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of the Conversion or those benefits may take longer to realize than expected or not offset the costs of the Conversion, which could have a material and adverse impact on the trading price of our securities.
We believe that the Conversion will, among other things, make it significantly easier for both domestic and international investors to own stock in the Corporation, expand our global investor base and drive greater value for all of our shareholders over time. However, the level of investor interest in the Class A Common Stock may not meet our expectations. For example, benchmark stock indices may change their eligibility requirements in a manner that is adverse to us or otherwise determine not to include the Class A Common Stock. Moreover, even if we succeed in having our shares included in key stock indices and simplify our tax structure and reporting, this may not result in the increased demand for our securities that we anticipate. Consequently, we may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of the Conversion or those benefits may take longer to realize than we expect. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the anticipated benefits of the Conversion will offset its costs, which could be greater than we expect, particularly if there were to be an increase in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate. Our failure to achieve the anticipated benefits of the Conversion at all or in a timely manner, or a failure of any benefits realized to offset their costs, could have a material and adverse impact on the trading price of our securities.
Because the Class A Common Stock generally will have limited voting rights as expressly provided in the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation (the “Certification of Incorporation”) or required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (“the DGCL”) or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), we will not be required to comply with certain provisions of U.S. securities laws relating to proxy statements, shareholder proposals and other matters.
Following the Conversion, the Class A Common Stock will have limited voting rights as expressly provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or required by the DGCL or the rules of the NYSE following the Conversion. As a result, practically all matters submitted to stockholders will be decided by the vote of the holders of the Class C Common Stock (the “Class C Common Stockholder”). Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that, for so long as there is a Class C Stockholder and the Apollo Group (as such term will be defined in the Certificate of Incorporation) beneficially owns, in the aggregate, 10% or more of the voting power of the Corporation, holders of the Class A Common Stock (voting together with the holder of the Class B Common Stock as a single class) shall, unless otherwise required by the DGCL, have the right to vote only with respect to (i) certain sales of all or substantially all of our assets, (ii) a merger, consolidation or other business combination and (iii) certain amendments to our Certificate of Incorporation or the bylaws of the Corporation (the “Bylaws”). Our Certificate of Incorporation also provides that, for so long as there is a Class C Stockholder and the Apollo Group beneficially owns, in the aggregate, 10% or more of the voting power of the Corporation, the number of authorized shares of the Class A Common Stock may be increased or decreased solely with the approval of the holder of the Class C Common Stock. Our Certificate of Incorporation also provides that, for so long as there is a Class C Stockholder and the Apollo Group beneficially owns, in the aggregate, 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Corporation, the Class C Stockholder shall nominate and elect all directors serving on the New Board, set the total number of directors which shall constitute the New Board and fill any vacancies or newly created directorships on the New Board. As a result, holders of the Class A Common Stock will have a very limited ability to influence stockholder decisions.
The Bylaws will provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain legal actions between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a judicial forum

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viewed by the stockholders as more favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees, and the enforceability of the exclusive forum provision may be subject to uncertainty.
Article VII of the Bylaws will provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our current or former directors, officers, other employees or stockholders to us or our stockholders or any current or former member or fiduciary of the Company to the Company or the Company’s members; (c) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; or (d) any action asserting a claim related to or involving the Corporation that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (a) through (d) above, any claim as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten (10) days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, or for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. The choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in the Bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The exclusive forum provision also provides that it will not apply to claims arising under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal securities laws for which there is exclusive federal or concurrent federal and state jurisdiction. Article VII will provide that any person or entity who acquires an interest in the capital stock of the Corporation will be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of Article VII. Stockholders cannot waive, and will not be deemed to have waived under the exclusive forum provision, the Corporation’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Although we believe this exclusive forum provision will benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, this exclusive forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Further, in the event a court finds the exclusive forum provision contained in the Bylaws to be unenforceable or inapplicable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES
On May 7, 2019,and May 17, 2019, we issued 202,080 and 107,338 Class A shares, respectively, net of taxes to Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC, in connection with issuances of shares to participants in the Equity Plan for an aggregate purchase price of $6.6 million and $3.5 million, respectively. The issuance was exempt from registration under the Securities Act in accordance with Section 4(a)(2) and Rule 506(b) thereof, as transactions by the issuer not involving a public offering. We determined that the purchaser of Class A shares in the transactions, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., was an accredited investor.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table sets forth purchases of our Class A shares made by us or on our behalf during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2019.
Period
 
Number of Class A Shares Purchased(1)
 
Average Price
Paid per Share
 
Class A Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(2)
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Class A Shares that May be Purchased Under the Plan or Programs
April 1, 2019 through April 30, 2019
 
728,342

 
$
28.62

 
728,342

 
$
235,691,769

May 1, 2019 through May 31, 2019
 
398,601

 
32.50

 
254,896

 
227,407,649

June 1, 2019 through June 30, 2019
 

 

 

 
227,407,649

Total
 
1,126,943

 
 
 
983,238

 
 
(1)
Certain Apollo employees receive a portion of the profit sharing proceeds of certain funds in the form of (a) restricted Class A shares of AGM that they are required to purchase with such proceeds or (b) RSUs, in each case which equity-based awards generally vest over three years. These equity-based awards are granted under the Company's Equity Plan. To prevent dilution on account of these awards, Apollo may, in its discretion, repurchase Class A shares on the open market and retire them. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we repurchased 143,705 Class A shares at an average price paid per share of $32.50 in open-market transactions not pursuant to a publicly-

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announced repurchase plan or program on account of these awards. See note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information on Class A shares.
(2)
Pursuant to a publicly announced share repurchase program, the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $500 million in the aggregate of its Class A shares, including through the repurchase of outstanding Class A shares and through a reduction of Class A shares to be issued to employees to satisfy associated tax obligations in connection with the settlement of equity-based awards granted under the Equity Plan (or any successor equity plan thereto). Class A shares may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions, in privately negotiated transactions, pursuant to a trading plan adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise, with the size and timing of these repurchases depending on legal requirements, price, market and economic conditions and other factors. The Company is not obligated under the terms of the program to repurchase any of its Class A shares. The repurchase program has no expiration date and may be suspended or terminated by the Company at any time without prior notice. Class A shares repurchased as part of this program are canceled by the Company. Reductions of Class A shares issued to employees to satisfy associated tax obligations in connection with the settlement of equity-based awards granted under the Equity Plan are not included in the table.
ITEM 3.
DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
Not applicable.
ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5.
OTHER INFORMATION
Not applicable.

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ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit
Number
  
Exhibit Description
 
 
3.1
  
 
 
3.2
  
 
 
4.1
  
 
 
 
4.2
 
 
 
 
4.3
 
 
 
 
4.4
 
 
 
4.5
 
 
 
 
4.6
 
 
 
 
4.7
 
 
 
 
4.8
 
 
 
 
4.9
 
 
 
 

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Exhibit
Number
  
Exhibit Description
 
 
4.10
 
 
 
 
4.11
 
 
 
 
4.12
 
 
 
 
4.13
 
 
 
 
4.14
 
 
 
 
4.15
 
 
 
 
4.16
 
 
 
 
*4.17
 
 
 
 
*10.1
 
 
 
 
*10.2
 
 
 
 
10.3
 
 
 
 
10.4
 
 
 
 
10.5
 

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Exhibit
Number
  
Exhibit Description
 
 
 
 
 
10.6
 
 
 
 
10.7
 
 
 
 
10.8
 
 
 
 
*10.9
 
 
 
 
*31.1
 
 
 
*31.2
 
 
 
*32.1
 
 
 
*32.2
 
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
 
 
*101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
*101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
*101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
*101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
*101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*
Filed herewith.
+
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents

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were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apollo Global Management, LLC
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
Date: August 6, 2019
By:
/s/ Martin Kelly
 
 
Name:
Martin Kelly
 
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer and Co-Chief Operating Officer
(principal financial officer and authorized signatory)

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Exhibit 4.17

Execution Version


[***] = Certain confidential information contained in this document, marked by brackets, is omitted because it is both (i) not material and (ii) would be competitively harmful if publicly disclosed.








APH FINANCE 1, LLC,

APH FINANCE 2, LLC

and

APH FINANCE 3, LLC

AND

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as
TRUSTEE


INDENTURE

Dated as of June 10, 2019



4.77% Series A Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes Due 2039




4833-0207-5514v29
#4833-0207-5514v26
4833-0207-5514v12


TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ARTICLE I. DEFINITIONS
2
Section 1.1
Definitions    2
Section 1.2
Rules of Construction and Certain Other Matters    20
ARTICLE II. THE NOTES
21
Section 2.1
Forms Generally    21
Section 2.2
Authorized Amount; Note Interest Rate; Stated Maturity; Denominations    21
Section 2.3
Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating    22
Section 2.4
Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange    22
Section 2.5
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes    24
Section 2.6
Payment of Principal and Interest, Preservation of Rights    25
Section 2.7
Cancellation    26
Section 2.8
No Gross Up    26
Section 2.9
Additional Notes    26
Section 2.10
Tax Certification    28
Section 2.11
Private Placement Number    28
ARTICLE III. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT; CERTAIN PROVISIONS RELATING TO COLLATERAL
28
Section 3.1
Conditions to Issuance of Notes    28
Section 3.2
Delivery of Pledged Obligations, Etc.    29
ARTICLE IV. SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
30


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page

Section 4.1
Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture    30
Section 4.2
Application of Trust Money    30
ARTICLE V. DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
31
Section 5.1
Events of Default    31
Section 5.2
Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment    33
Section 5.3
Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee    33
Section 5.4
Remedies    35
Section 5.5
Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of the Notes    36
Section 5.6
Application of Money Collected    36
Section 5.7
Limitation on Suits    36
Section 5.8
Unconditional Rights of Holders of the Notes to Receive Principal and Interest    37
Section 5.9
Restoration of Rights and Remedies    37
Section 5.10
Rights and Remedies Cumulative    37
Section 5.11
Delay or Omission Not Waiver    37
Section 5.12
Control by Noteholders    38
Section 5.13
Undertaking for Costs    38
Section 5.14
Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws    38
Section 5.15
Sale of Collateral    39
Section 5.16
Action on the Notes    39

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page

ARTICLE VI. THE TRUSTEE
39
Section 6.1
Certain Duties and Responsibilities    39
Section 6.2
Notice of Default    41
Section 6.3
Certain Rights of Trustee    41
Section 6.4
Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of the Notes    44
Section 6.5
May Hold Notes    44
Section 6.6
Money Held in Trust    44
Section 6.7
Compensation and Reimbursement    45
Section 6.8
Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility    46
Section 6.9
Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor    46
Section 6.10
Acceptance of Appointment by Successor    47
Section 6.11
Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business of Trustee    48
Section 6.12
Co‑Trustees and Separate Trustee    48
Section 6.13
Representations and Warranties of the Trustee    49
Section 6.14
Representative for Holders of the Notes Only; Agent for all other Secured Parties    49
Section 6.15
Right of Trustee in Capacity of Registrar, Intermediary or Bank    50
ARTICLE VII. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS
50
Section 7.1
Payment of Principal and Interest    50
Section 7.2
Compliance With Laws.    50

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page

Section 7.3
Independent Manager.    50
Section 7.4
Compliance With Constitutive Documents.    50
Section 7.5
Reserved.    51
Section 7.6
Maintenance of Books and Records; Maintenance of Office or Agency    51
Section 7.7
Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust    51
Section 7.8
Existence of Obligors, Etc.    51
Section 7.9
Protection of Collateral    52
Section 7.10
Debt Service Coverage Ratio    52
Section 7.11
Performance of Obligations    52
Section 7.12
Negative Covenants    53
Section 7.13
No Consolidation    55
Section 7.14
No Other Business; Etc.    55
Section 7.15
Compliance with Servicing Agreement    55
Section 7.16
Information    55
Section 7.17
Rating    56
Section 7.18
Certain Tax Matters    56
Section 7.19
Additional Guarantors    57
Section 7.20
Representations Relating to Security Interests in the Collateral    58
Section 7.21
Certain Regulations    58
ARTICLE VIII. AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
58

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page

Section 8.1
Form    58
Section 8.2
Execution of Supplemental Indentures    62
Section 8.3
Effect of Supplemental Indentures    62
Section 8.4
Revocation and Effect of Consents    62
Section 8.5
Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures    62
Section 8.6
Effect on the Servicer    62
ARTICLE IX. REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES
63
Section 9.1
Optional Redemption    63
Section 9.2
Notice by the Issuer of Optional Redemption    63
Section 9.3
[Reserved]    64
Section 9.4
Notes Payable on Redemption Date    64
Section 9.5
Make-Whole Amount    64
ARTICLE X. ACCOUNTS, ACCOUNTINGS AND RELEASES
64
Section 10.1
Collection of Money    64
Section 10.2
Collection Accounts    65
Section 10.3
Notes Payment Account, Principal Reserve Account and Interest Reserve Account    67
Section 10.4
Accountings    68
ARTICLE XI. APPLICATION OF MONIES
69
Section 11.1
Disbursements of Monies    69

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page

Section 11.2
Intraperiod Distributions    71
ARTICLE XII. GUARANTEES
72
ARTICLE XIII MISCELLANEOUS
76
Section 13.1
Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee    76
Section 13.2
Acts of the Noteholders    77
Section 13.3
Notices    77
Section 13.4
Notices to Noteholders; Waiver    77
Section 13.5
Effect of Headings and Table of Contents    78
Section 13.6
Successors and Assigns    78
Section 13.7
Severability    78
Section 13.8
Benefits of Indenture    78
Section 13.9
Governing Law    78
Section 13.10
Submission to Jurisdiction; Service of Process.    78
Section 13.11
Counterparts    79
Section 13.12
Confidential Information    79

Schedule A    Notice Information
Schedule B    Disqualified Purchaser / Permitted Transferees

Exhibit A    Form of 4.77% Series A Senior Secured Note Due 2039
Exhibit B-1     Form of Intraperiod Reports
Exhibit B-2    Form of Payment Date Reports
Exhibit C    Form of Assumption Agreement

Appendix 1    Form of Calculation Officer’s Certificate
Appendix 2    Subordination Terms


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INDENTURE, dated as of June 10, 2019, among:

APH FINANCE 1, LLC a limited liability company organized under the laws of the state of Delaware (the “Issuer”), APH FINANCE 2, LLC a limited liability company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware and APH FINANCE 3, LLC a limited liability company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware; and

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, organized and existing under the laws of United States of America, as trustee (herein, together with its permitted successors and assigns in the trusts hereunder, the “Trustee”).

PRELIMINARY STATEMENT

Each Obligor is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture and the Issuer is duly authorized to issue the Notes as provided in this Indenture. Except as otherwise provided herein, all covenants and agreements made by each Obligor herein are for the benefit and security of the Secured Parties. Each Obligor is entering into this Indenture, and the Trustee is accepting the trusts created hereby, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged.

All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of each Obligor in accordance with the terms of this Indenture have been done.

GRANTING CLAUSE

I.    Subject to the priorities and the exclusions, if any, specified below in this Granting Clause, each Obligor hereby Grants to the Trustee, for the benefit and security of each Secured Party (to the extent of its interest hereunder, including under the Priority of Payments), all of its right, title and interest in, to and under, in each case, whether now owned or existing, or hereafter acquired or arising, in each case as defined in the UCC, accounts, chattel paper, deposit accounts, documents, financial assets, general intangibles, goods, instruments, investment property and other property of any type or nature in which such Obligor has an interest, including all proceeds (as defined in the UCC) with respect to the foregoing (subject to the exclusions noted below, the “Collateral”).
Such Grants and the Collateral include each Obligor’s interest in and rights under:
(a)
the Participations listed on the Schedules of Participations, as such Schedules of Participations may be modified, amended and revised subsequent to the Closing Date by the Obligors, all payments and Collections made or to be made thereon or with respect thereto, and all Participations that are delivered or credited to the Trustee or which are credited to one or more of the Accounts on or after the Closing Date, and all other property sold or contributed pursuant to the Lower Tier Transfer Agreements, and all payments and Collections made or to be made thereon or with respect thereto;
(b)
the Accounts and all other deposit accounts and securities accounts of each Obligor, including all Eligible Investments purchased with funds on deposit or held therein or credited thereto, and all funds or Financial Assets now or hereafter deposited or held





therein and all income from the investment of funds therein or credited thereto, including any part thereof which consists of general intangibles relating thereto;
(c)
the Servicing Agreement, the Account Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreement, the Transfer Agreements, the Limited Indemnity Letters, the Support Letter, each other Transaction Document and each Obligor’s rights under each of them;
(d)
all money delivered to the Trustee (or its bailee);

(e)
any other property otherwise delivered to the Trustee by or on behalf of such Obligor (whether or not constituting Participations or Eligible Investments);

(f)
all Financial and Other Information;

(g)
all other tangible and intangible personal property whatsoever of such Obligor; and
(h)
all proceeds with respect to the foregoing.
Such Grants are made in trust to secure the Notes equally and ratably without prejudice, priority or distinction between any Note and any other Note by reason of difference of time of issuance or otherwise, except as expressly provided in this Indenture, and to secure, in accordance with the priorities set forth in the Priority of Payments, (A) the payment of all amounts due on the Notes in accordance with their terms, (B) the payment of all other sums and amounts payable under any Transaction Document to any Secured Party whether for principal, interest, fees, costs, Make-Whole Amount, if any, expenses or otherwise (including all amounts which would become due but for the operation of the automatic stay under Section 362(a) of the Bankruptcy Code and the operation of Sections 502(b) and 506(b) thereof or any analogous provisions of any other Bankruptcy Law or other similar laws) and (C) compliance with the provisions of this Indenture, all as provided in this Indenture and each of the other Transaction Documents (collectively, the “Secured Obligations”).
Except to the extent otherwise provided herein, this Indenture shall constitute a security agreement under the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed therein, for the benefit of the Secured Parties. Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default hereunder, and in addition to any other rights available under this Indenture or any other instruments included in the Collateral held for the benefit and security of the Secured Parties, the Trustee shall have all rights and remedies of a secured party on default under the laws of the State of New York and other applicable law to enforce the assignments and security interests contained herein and, in addition, shall have the right, subject to compliance with any mandatory requirements of applicable law and the terms of this Indenture, to sell or apply any rights and other interests assigned or pledged hereby in accordance with the terms hereof at public and private sale.

II.    The Trustee acknowledges such Grants, accepts the trusts hereunder in accordance with the provisions hereof, and agrees to perform the duties herein in accordance with the terms hereof such that the interests of the Secured Parties may be adequately and effectively protected.
        
ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS

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Section 1.1    Definitions.
Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, terms defined in the UCC have the same respective meanings herein. Any defined terms used herein are equally applicable both to the singular and plural forms of such terms and to the masculine, feminine and neuter genders of such terms. Whenever any reference is made to an amount, the determination or calculation of which is governed by Section 1.2, the provisions of Section 1.2 shall be applicable to such determination or calculation, whether or not reference is specifically made to Section 1.2, unless some other method of determination or calculation is expressly specified in the particular provision. All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings specified in or incorporated by reference into the Transaction Documents. The following terms used herein, including in the schedules, exhibits and appendices hereto, shall have the following meanings:

Account Agreements”: (i) With respect to the Collection Accounts, the Blocked Account Control Agreement and (ii) with respect to the U.S. Bank Accounts, an account control agreement dated on or about the date hereof, by and among the Obligors, the Trustee and the Intermediary.
Accounts”: The Collection Accounts and the U.S. Bank Accounts.
Act”: The meaning specified in Section 13.2(a).

Additional Interest”: The Initial Notes Additional Interest and any Additional Notes Additional Interest.

Additional Issuance”: The meaning specified in Section 2.9(a).

Additional Notes”: Notes, other than the Initial Notes, issued under a supplemental indenture to this Indenture in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.

Additional Notes Additional Interest”: The meaning specified in Section 2.2.

Additional Notes Interest Reserve Amount”: An amount equal to the aggregate amount of interest (excluding Additional Interest) expected to accrue on the Additional Notes during the twelve month period following the issue date of such Additional Notes.

Additional Participations”: The Participations sold and contributed to each Obligor by any Funding Company after the Closing Date pursuant to the applicable Lower Tier Transfer Agreement.
 
Administrative Expense Cap”: An amount annually for the year ending on the first anniversary of the Closing Date and each year ending on each subsequent anniversary thereof equal to (a) with respect to Administrative Expenses paid to any Person other than the Trustee, $[***] and (b) with respect to Administrative Expenses paid to the Trustee only, $[***] prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default. After the occurrence of an Event of Default that is continuing, the Administrative Expense Cap in clause (b) above shall not apply. If the Administrative Expense Cap is reached during any annual period, all further amounts payable under the Priority of Payments that are subject to the Administrative Expense Cap and that are incurred by the applicable party within such annual period will be payable to such party pursuant to clause (a)(6)(A) of the Priority of Payments and, if not paid, will become payable without interest pursuant to clause (a)(2) of the Priority of Payments (as applicable) during the following annual period (subject to the Administrative Expense Cap for such following period).

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Administrative Expenses”: Amounts due or accrued (including indemnities) with respect to any Payment Date and payable in the following order to:

(i)    ratably, indemnities and expenses payable to the Noteholders by the Obligors under the Note Purchase Agreement or to the Trustee under this Indenture (including all amounts in respect of compensation and reimbursement pursuant to Section 6.7, but excluding the Trustee Fee), to the Intermediary and to the Bank in each of its capacities,

(ii)    fees, indemnities and expenses payable to the Independent Managers pursuant to the Constitutive Documents of each Obligor in respect of services provided to each such Obligor by the Independent Managers thereunder,

(iii)    fees and expenses payable to the Rating Agency in connection with any rating of the Notes,

(iv)    expenses and indemnities (other than the Servicing Fees) payable to the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement, including legal fees and expenses of counsel to the Servicer,

(v)    the agents and counsel of the Obligors for fees, including retainers, and expenses, and

(vi)    without duplication, any Person in respect of any other reasonable fees or expenses of the Obligors (including in respect of any indemnity obligations, if applicable) not provided for under clauses (i) through (v) but excluding principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on the Notes, approved by the Obligors (which may delegate such approval authority to the Servicer) and not prohibited under this Indenture.

Affiliate” or “Affiliated”: With respect to a Person, (i) any other Person who, directly or indirectly, is in control of, or controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person or (ii) any other Person who is a director, officer or employee (a) of such Person, (b) of any subsidiary or parent company of such Person or (c) of any Person described in subclause (i) above. For purposes of this definition, control of a Person shall mean the power, direct or indirect, (i) to vote more than 50% of the securities having ordinary voting power for the election of directors of any such Person or (ii) to otherwise direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person whether by contract or otherwise. With respect to each Obligor, this definition shall exclude (x) the Independent Managers, their Affiliates and any other special purpose vehicle to which the Independent Managers are or will be providing administrative services, as a result solely of the Independent Managers acting in such capacity or capacities and (y) any funds or accounts managed by Apollo and its Affiliates and any of such managed funds’ or accounts’ portfolio companies.
 
Aggregate Outstanding Amount”: When used with respect to any or all of the Notes, the aggregate unpaid principal of such Notes Outstanding on the date of determination.

APH 1 Collection Account”: The trust account defined in Section 10.2.

APH 1-3 Master Collection Account”: The trust account defined in Section 10.2.

APH 2 Collection Account”: The trust account defined in Section 10.2.

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APH 3 Collection Account”: The trust account defined in Section 10.2.

Apollo” means Apollo Global Management, LLC and any successor thereto.

Apollo Interim Holders” or “Apollo Interim Holder”: (a) Individually, certain entities affiliated with Apollo that held any Upstream Transferred Asset prior to the transfers under the Transfer Agreements and (b) collectively, each of the foregoing.

Asset Coverage Event”: Shall have occurred if on any date of determination, the Debt to Asset Ratio on such date is greater than or equal to [***]%. The occurrence of an Asset Coverage Event in relation to a Determination Date shall be determined as of the immediately preceding Collection Period End Date.

Authorized Officer”: With respect to each Obligor, its sole member or any other Person who is authorized to act for such Obligor in matters relating to, and binding upon, such Obligor. With respect to the Servicer, any officer, employee or agent of the Servicer who is authorized to act for the Servicer in matters relating to, and binding upon, the Servicer with respect to the subject matter of the request, certificate or order in question. With respect to the Trustee or any other bank or trust company acting as trustee of an express trust or as custodian, a Trust Officer. With respect to any other Person, any officer, employee or agent of such Person who is authorized to act for such Person in matters relating to, and binding upon, such Person with respect to the subject matter of the request, certificate or order in question. Each party may receive and accept a certification of the authority of any other party as conclusive evidence of the authority of any Person to act, and such certification may be considered as in full force and effect until receipt by such other party of written notice to the contrary.

Bank”: U.S. Bank National Association, in its individual capacity and not as Trustee, and any successor thereto.

Bankruptcy Code”: The United States Bankruptcy Code, as set forth in Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended.

Bankruptcy Law”: The Bankruptcy Code and each other similar law applicable to any Obligor, the Collateral or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

Blocked Account Control Agreement”: The blocked account control agreement dated on or about the date hereof, by and among the Obligors, the Trustee and the Intermediary.

Business Day”: Any day other than (i) a Saturday or a Sunday or (ii) a day on which commercial banks are authorized or required by applicable law, regulation or executive order to close in New York, New York or in the city in which the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is located (which as of the Closing Date is Boston, Massachusetts and St. Paul, Minnesota).

Calculation Officer’s Certificate”: An Officer’s Certificate signed by an Authorized Officer of the Issuer substantially in the form of Appendix 1 setting forth the Debt Service Coverage Ratio and Debt to Asset Ratio calculations and a description of the calculations, including supporting documentation.


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Called Principal”: With respect to any Note, the principal of such Note that is to be redeemed pursuant to Section 9.1.

Canadian Person”: A Person resident, organized or incorporated in Canada.

Certificate of Authentication”: The Trustee’s certificate of authentication on any Note.

Certificated Security”: The meaning specified in Article 8 of the UCC.

Change of Control”: Any of (a) the failure of the Funding Companies to directly own and control 100% of the limited liability company interests of the Issuer and the Guarantors, (b) the failure of any Funding Company to directly own and control 100% of the limited liability company interests of the corresponding Obligor it owns and controls on the Closing Date to the extent such failure would be reasonably expected to have material adverse tax consequences for the Holders or (c) any Funding Company ceases to be indirectly controlled by Apollo or one or more of its Affiliates.

Closing Date”: June 10, 2019.

Closing Date Certificate”: A certificate of an Authorized Officer of the Issuer delivered on the Closing Date pursuant to Section 3.1(c).
Code”: The United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Collateral”: The meaning specified in the Granting Clause.

Collection Accounts”: The APH 1 Collection Account, the APH 2 Collection Account, the APH 3 Collection Account, the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account and any additional collection account established after the Closing Date.

Collection Period”: (i) With respect to any Interest Payment Date, the period commencing on the second immediately preceding Collection Period End Date (or in the case of the Collection Period relating to the first Interest Payment Date, commencing on the Closing Date) and ending on (but excluding) the immediately preceding Collection Period End Date and (ii) with respect to the Stated Maturity, the period commencing on the immediately preceding Collection Period End Date and ending on (and including) the Business Day immediately preceding the Stated Maturity.

Collection Period End Date”: Each March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 occurring after the Closing Date and prior to the Stated Maturity, commencing September 2019.

Collections”: With respect to any Collection Period, all cash, securities or other property, and all setoffs and recoupments, received or effected by or for the account of any Funding Company in respect of a Covered Distribution Interest (whether for profits, dividends, partnership or other entity distributions, principal, interest, fees, reimbursement obligations or otherwise), including all securities, interest, profits, dividends, and other property that may be exchanged for, or distributed or collected with respect to any of the foregoing and capital contributions received by any Obligor.

Competitor”: Any Person other than Apollo and its Affiliates and their respective portfolio companies that provides investment advice (or acts as general partner) to Private Equity Funds, except “Competitor” shall not include any Permitted Transferee or any Purchaser or any Affiliate thereof

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unless any such Permitted Transferee or Purchaser or Affiliate thereof is acquired after the Closing Date by a Competitor, at which point such Permitted Transferee, Purchaser or Affiliate shall be deemed a Competitor for all purposes hereunder.

Confidential Information”: The meaning specified in Section 13.12.

Constitutive Documents”: (i) With respect to any corporation or company, its certificate, memorandum or articles of incorporation, organization or association, as amended, and its by-laws, as amended, (ii) with respect to any limited partnership, its certificate or declaration of limited partnership, as amended, and its partnership agreement, as amended, (iii) with respect to any general partnership, its partnership agreement, as amended, and (iv) with respect to any limited liability company, its articles or certificate of formation or organization, as amended, and its operating agreement or limited liability company agreement, as amended. In the event any term or condition of this Indenture or any other Transaction Document requires any Constitutive Document to be certified by a secretary of state or similar governmental official, the reference to any such Constitutive Document shall only be to a document of a type customarily certified by such governmental official.

Control”: The possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.
Conveyance Date”: The meaning specified in the Lower Tier Transfer and Contribution Agreement.

Corporate Trust Office”: With respect to the Trustee, the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee where it administers its trust activities, which office at the date hereof is located at 60 Livingston Avenue, EP-MN-WS3D, St. Paul, Minnesota 55107, Attn: GSF – APH Finance 1 LLC, provided that for Note transfer and exchange purposes, the principal corporate trust office at the date hereof is located at 111 Fillmore Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota 55107, Attn: Bondholder Services – APH Finance 1, LLC, or such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders, the Servicer and the Obligors, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee.
    
Covered Distribution Interest”: The meaning specified in the Lower Tier Transfer and Contribution Agreement.

Current Purchase Amount”: On any date on which distributions are made or to be made by the Issuer to APH Funding 1, LLC, the amount of such distribution that will be used within not more than five Business Days after the making of such distribution by APH Funding 1, LLC to fund unfunded commitments in respect of one or more of APH Funding 1, LLC’s Upstream Transferred Assets to create Additional Participations.
 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio”: As of any date of determination, the ratio of (I)(a) the aggregate amount of cash Collections received for the four immediately preceding Collection Periods minus (b)(i) the aggregate amount of Senior Fees to be paid on such Interest Payment Date plus (ii) the aggregate amount of Senior Fees paid on the three immediately preceding Interest Payment Dates to (II)(a) the aggregate amount to be paid on such Interest Payment Date under Section 11.1(a)(4) plus (b) the aggregate amount paid under Section 11.1(a)(4) on the three immediately preceding Interest Payment Dates. For the avoidance of doubt, Senior Fees for purposes of the calculation of the Debt Service Coverage Ratio on any Interest Payment Date shall not include (i) the Servicing Fee for such Interest

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Payment Date if payment of such fee is waived by the Servicer for such date or (ii) the Servicing Fee for any of the three immediately preceding Interest Payment Dates if payment of such fee was waived by the Servicer for such date.

Debt to Asset Ratio”: At any time, the ratio of (a) the Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes at such time to (b) the sum of (I) the outstanding aggregate amount of Eligible Investments held in the Accounts at such time plus (II) the aggregate fair value of the other Collateral taken as a whole (excluding Eligible Investments counted in (I)) at such time, as determined by the Servicer based on the average of the two most recent financial statements provided pursuant to Section 7.16(a) or (b), as applicable (subject to adjustment in good faith by the Servicer for subsequent investment and realization activity, including any new Collateral credited to the Obligors on such date).

Default”: Any event or any occurrence that is, or with notice or the lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default.

Default Rate”: An interest at a rate per annum equal to (a) 2.00% plus (b) the rate otherwise then applicable to the Notes.

Deliver” or “Delivered” or “Delivery”: The taking of the following steps:
(a)
in the case of each Certificated Security or Instrument, causing (i) the delivery of such Certificated Security or Instrument to the Intermediary registered in the name of the Intermediary or its affiliated nominee, (ii) the Intermediary to continuously identify on its books and records that such Certificated Security or Instrument is credited to the relevant Account and (iii) the Intermediary to maintain continuous possession of such Certificated Security or Instrument;
(b)
in the case of each Uncertificated Security, (i) causing such Uncertificated Security to be continuously registered on the books of the issuer thereof to the Intermediary and (ii) causing the Intermediary to continuously identify on its books and records that such Uncertificated Security is credited to the relevant Account;
(c)
in the case of any Financial Asset that is maintained in book-entry form on the records of a Federal Reserve Bank, causing (i) the continuous crediting of such Financial Asset to a securities account of the Intermediary at any Federal Reserve Bank and (ii) the Intermediary to continuously identify on its books and records that such Financial Asset is credited to the relevant Account;
(d)
in the case of cash, causing (i) the transfer of such cash to the Intermediary, (ii) the Intermediary to agree to treat such cash as a Financial Asset and (iii) the Intermediary to continuously identify on its books and records that such Financial Asset is credited to the relevant Account;
(e)
in the case of each Financial Asset not covered by the foregoing clauses (a) through (c), causing (i) the transfer of such Financial Asset to the Intermediary in accordance with applicable law and regulation and (ii) the Intermediary to continuously identify on its books and records that such Financial Asset is credited to the relevant Account;

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(f)
in the case of each general intangible, notifying the obligor thereunder, if any, of the Grant to the Trustee (unless no applicable law requires such notice); and
(g)
in all cases, the filing of an appropriate Financing Statement in the appropriate filing office in accordance with the UCC as in effect in any relevant jurisdiction.
Determination Date”: With respect to each Interest Payment Date and any other applicable Payment Date, the fifth Business Day immediately preceding such Payment Date.

Discounted Value”: With respect to the Called Principal of any Note, the amount obtained by discounting all Remaining Scheduled Payments with respect to such Called Principal from their respective scheduled due dates to the Redemption Date with respect to such Called Principal, in accordance with accepted financial practice and at a discount factor (applied on the same periodic basis as that on which interest on the Notes is payable) equal to the Reinvestment Yield with respect to such Called Principal.

Disqualified Purchaser”: Any Person specified in Part B of Schedule B attached hereto, any Competitor, and any Affiliate of the foregoing (i) whose name is recognizably related to said Person or (ii) is otherwise actually known by the Issuer to be related to said Person.

Dollar”, “USD” or “$”: A dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time shall be legal tender for all debts, public and private.

Eligible Investment”: (a) Dollars and (b) any investment denominated in Dollars that, at the time it, or evidence of it, is delivered to the Trustee, is one or more of the following obligations or securities which may be investments for which the Trustee or an Affiliate of the Trustee provides services and receives compensation therefor and which matures (or is payable on demand) (x) in the case of APH 1 Collection Account, APH 2 Collection Account and APH 3 Collection Account, on the Business Day prior to the next Collection Period End Date, (y) in the case of the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account, the Interest Reserve Account and the Principal Reserve Account, on the Business Day prior to the next Determination Date and (z) in the case of the Notes Payment Account, the next Business Day: (i) (A) direct Registered obligations (1) of the United States or (2) the timely payment of principal and interest on which is fully and expressly guaranteed by the United States and (B) Registered obligations (1) of any agency or instrumentality of the United States the obligations of which are expressly backed by the full faith and credit of the United States or (2) the timely payment of principal and interest on which is fully and expressly guaranteed by such an agency or instrumentality, in each case if such agency or instrumentality has the Eligible Investment Required Ratings; (ii) demand and time deposits in, certificates of deposit of, bankers’ acceptances issued by, or federal funds sold by any United States federal or state depository institution or trust company that has the Eligible Investment Required Ratings, the commercial paper and/or the debt obligations of such depository institution or trust company at the time of such investment or contractual commitment providing for such investment have the Eligible Investment Required Ratings; (iii) commercial paper or other short-term obligations having at the time of such investment ratings that satisfy the Eligible Investment Required Ratings; and (iv) Registered money market funds having at all times a long-term credit rating of “AAAm” or “AAAm-G” by S&P and a long-term credit rating of “Aaa-mf” by Moody’s, provided, that Eligible Investments shall not include (a) any interest-only security, any security purchased at a price in excess of 100% of the par value thereof or any security whose repayment is subject to substantial non-credit related risk as determined in the sole judgment of the Servicer, (b) any security whose rating assigned by S&P includes the subscript “f,” “p,” “q,” “pi,” “r,” “t” or “sf,” (c) any security that is subject to an offer by the issuer or borrower thereof or by

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any other Person made to all of the holders thereof to (1) purchase or otherwise acquire such Eligible Investment or (2) to exchange such Eligible Investment for any other security, debt obligation, cash or other property (other than, in any case, pursuant to any redemption in accordance with the terms of the underlying instrument or for the purpose of registering the security or debt obligation), (d) any other security that is an asset the payments on which are subject to withholding tax if owned by the Obligors unless the issuer or obligor or other Person (and guarantor, if any) of such other security is required to make “gross-up” payments that cover the full amount of any such withholding taxes, (e) any security that is secured by real property, (f) any security that is secured directly by, referenced to, or representing ownership of, a pool of receivables or other financial assets of any obligor, including collateralized debt obligations and mortgage-backed securities, (g) any security that is represented by a certificate of interest in a grantor trust or (h) any security that is subject to a tender offer, voluntary redemption, exchange offer, conversion or other similar action.

Eligible Investment Required Ratings” means (a) if such obligation or security (i) has both a long-term and a short-term credit rating from Moody’s, such ratings are “Aa3” or higher (not on credit watch for possible downgrade) and “P-1” (not on credit watch for possible downgrade), respectively, (ii) has only a long-term credit rating from Moody’s, such rating is at least equal to or higher than the current Moody’s long-term ratings of the United States government and (iii) has only a short-term credit rating from Moody’s, such rating is “P-1” (not on credit watch for possible downgrade) and (b) a long-term debt rating of at least “A+” by S&P or a long-term debt rating of at least “A” by S&P and a short-term debt rating of at least “A-1” by S&P or (c) a long-term debt rating of at least “A+” by KBRA or a long-term debt rating of at least “A” by KBRA and a short-term debt rating of at least “K1” by KBRA.

Eligible Transferee”: The meaning specified in Section 2.4.

Entitlement Order”: The meaning specified in Article 8 of the UCC.
Event of Default”: The meaning specified in Section 5.1.

Exchange Act”: The United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Exclusion Event”: Shall have occurred upon written notification to the Trustee of Apollo’s determination under the Support Letter that any Successor Fund Interest in respect of Apollo Investment Fund IX, L.P. (or any of its alternate investment vehicles) satisfies the Exclusion Criteria, provided that an Exclusion Event shall be deemed not to have occurred if on or prior to the Exclusion Event Consent Date the Majority Noteholders shall have provided an Exclusion Event Consent.

Exclusion Event Consent”: With respect to any Exclusion Event, a determination by the Majority Noteholders that such Exclusion Event shall not result in a Rapid Amortization Event.

Exclusion Event Consent Date”: With respect to any Exclusion Event, the date that is six months following such Exclusion Event.

Financial and Other Information”: With respect to each Participation, the Intraperiod Reports and the Payment Date Reports.

Financial Asset”: The meaning specified in Article 8 of the UCC.


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Financing Statement”: The meaning specified in Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code in the applicable jurisdiction.

Full Cash Trap Event”: Shall have occurred (i) on any Interest Payment Date, if the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for such Interest Payment Date, as determined on the applicable Determination Date, is less than [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to such Interest Payment Date, provided that such event shall be deemed not to have occurred if, on or prior to the applicable Determination Date, the Obligors shall have received sufficient cash equity contributions from their respective Funding Companies such that, if such contributions were treated as additional Collections during the immediately preceding Collection Period, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for such Interest Payment Date would have been equal to or greater than [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to each Interest Payment Date and (ii) on any Interest Payment Date after the Reinvestment Period.

Funding Companies” or “Funding Company”: (a) Individually, each of APH Funding 1, LLC, APH Funding 2, LLC and APH Funding 3, LLC and any New Funding Company and (b) collectively, each of the foregoing.

GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
Grant” or “Granted”: To grant, bargain, sell, alienate, convey, assign, transfer, mortgage, pledge, create and grant a security interest in and right of set off against. A Grant of property shall include all rights, powers and options (but none of the obligations) of the granting party thereunder, including the immediate and continuing right to claim for, collect and receive principal and interest payments in respect thereof, and all other amounts payable thereunder, to give and receive notices and other communications, to make waivers or other agreements, to exercise all rights and options, to bring legal or other proceedings in the name of the granting party or otherwise, and generally to do and receive anything that the granting party is or may be entitled to do or receive thereunder or with respect thereto.

Guarantor” or “Guarantors”: (a) Individually, each of APH Finance 2, LLC and APH Finance 3, LLC and any New Finance Company and (b) collectively, each of the foregoing.

Holder” or “Noteholder”: With respect to any Note, the Person in whose name such Note is registered in the Register, or for purposes of voting and determinations hereunder, if such Person is a nominee, then the beneficial owner thereof.

Indenture”: This instrument as originally executed and, if from time to time supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof, as so supplemented or amended.

Independent”: As to any Person, any other Person (including a firm of accountants or lawyers and any member thereof or an investment bank and any member thereof) who (i) does not have and is not committed to acquire any material financial interest (direct or indirect) in such Person or in any Affiliate of such Person, (ii) is not connected with such Person as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, voting trustee, partner, director or Person performing similar functions and (iii) is not Affiliated with a firm that fails to satisfy the criteria set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) above. “Independent” when used with respect to any accountant may include an accountant who audits the books of any Person if in addition to satisfying the criteria set forth above the accountant is independent with respect to such

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Person within the meaning of Rule 101 of the Code of Ethics of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

Independent Manager”: A natural person who (a) for the five-year period prior to his or her appointment as “Independent Manager” has not been, and during the continuation of his or her service as such Independent Manager is not: (i) an employee, director, stockholder, member, manager, partner or officer of any Obligor or any of their Affiliates (other than his or her service as an independent director or independent manager of Affiliates of any of the Obligors that is structured to be “bankruptcy remote” in a manner substantially similar to such Obligor, provided that in no case may an employee of Apollo or any of its portfolio companies serve as an Independent Manager); (ii) a customer or supplier of any Obligor or any of its Affiliates (other than a supplier of his or her service as an independent director or independent manager of any Obligor or such Affiliate); or (iii) any member of the immediate family of a person described in clause (i) or (ii) above; and (b) has (i) prior experience as an independent director or independent manager for a corporation, limited liability company or limited partnership whose charter documents required the unanimous consent of all independent directors or independent managers thereof before such corporation, limited liability company, or limited partnership could consent to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it or could file a petition seeking relief under any applicable federal or state law relating to bankruptcy; and (ii) at least three years of employment experience with one or more entities that provide, in the ordinary course of their respective businesses, advisory, management or placement services to issuers of securitization or structured finance instruments, agreements or securities.

Initial Interest Reserve Amount”: An amount equal to the aggregate amount of interest expected to accrue on the Initial Notes during the [***] months following the Closing Date, and as specified as such in the Closing Date Certificate.

Initial Notes”: The Series A Senior Secured Notes issued under this Indenture on the Closing Date.

Initial Notes Additional Interest”: The meaning specified in Section 2.2.

Initial Participations”: The Initial Participations sold or contributed to each Obligor from the respective Funding Company on the Closing Date pursuant to the applicable Lower Tier Transfer Agreement.


Instrument”: The meaning specified in Article 9 of the UCC.
Interest Payment Date”: The 7th day of April, July, October and January of each calendar year (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day), commencing in October 2019.

Interest Reserve Account”: The trust account defined in and established pursuant to Section 10.3(c).

Interest Reserve Amount”: At any time, an amount equal to the aggregate amount of interest (excluding Additional Interest) expected to accrue on the Notes during the [***]-month period following such time.


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Interest Reserve Application Amount”: The meaning specified in Section 10.3(c).

Intermediary”: U.S. Bank National Association.
 
Intraperiod Distribution”: The meaning specified in Section 11.2.

Intraperiod Report”: The meaning specified in Section 10.4(a).

Investment Company Act”: The United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Investment Fund”: Any partnership or other entity existing under and governed by Investment Fund Documents that is listed on Schedule A to the Lower Tier Transfer Agreement (as updated and supplemented from time to time).

Issuer”: The meaning specified in the preamble.

Issuer Order”: A written order or request dated and signed in the name of the Issuer by an Authorized Officer of the Issuer or by an Authorized Officer of the Servicer, as the context may require or permit.

KBRA”: Kroll Bond Rating Agency or any successor to the ratings business thereof.

Limited Indemnifier”: With respect to each Obligor, the related Funding Company.

Limited Indemnity Letters”: The Limited Indemnity Letters, each dated on or around the Closing Date between a Limited Indemnifier and the related Issuer and each corresponding document delivered in connection with a successor fund as required by any supplemental indenture.

Lower Tier Transfer Agreements”: The Lower Tier Transfer and Contribution Agreement I, dated as of the Closing Date, between APH Finance 1, LLC and APH Funding 1, LLC, the Lower Tier Transfer and Contribution Agreement II, dated as of the Closing Date, between APH Finance 2, LLC, APH Funding 2, LLC and the Lower Tier Transfer and Contribution Agreement III, dated as of the Closing Date, between APH Finance 3, LLC and APH Funding 3, LLC and each other lower tier transfer and contribution agreement entered into after the Closing Date between a Finance Company (as defined in the Support Letter) and a Funding Company.

Majority”: With respect to the Notes, the Holders of more than 50% of the Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes.

Make-Whole Amount”: (i) for the period beginning on the Closing Date and ending on (but excluding) June 10, 2024, with respect to any Note, an amount equal to the greater of (x) the excess, if any, of the Discounted Value of the Remaining Scheduled Payments with respect to the Called Principal of such Note over the amount of such Called Principal, provided that the Make-Whole Amount may in no event be less than zero, and (y) 2.00% of the amount of the Called Principal, (ii) for the period beginning on June 10, 2024 and ending on (but excluding) June 10, 2026, an amount equal to 2.00% of the amount of the Called Principal, (iii) for the period beginning on June 10, 2026 and ending on (but excluding) June 10, 2027, an amount equal to 1.00% of the amount of the Called Principal and (iv) thereafter, an amount equal to 0.00% of the amount of the Called Principal.


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Material Action”: To (i) file or consent to (or determine to acquiesce in) the filing of any bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization petition under any applicable federal, state or other law relating to a bankruptcy naming an Obligor as debtor or other initiation of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings by or against an Obligor, or otherwise seek, with respect to an Obligor, relief under any laws relating to the relief from debts or the protection of debtors generally; (ii) seek or consent to (or determine to acquiesce in) the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, conservator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, custodian or any similar official for an Obligor or all or any portion of its properties; (iii) make or consent to any assignment for the benefit of an Obligor’s creditors; (iv) admit in writing the inability of an Obligor to pay its debts generally as they become due; (v) consent to substantive consolidation of an Obligor with any owner of equity interests of such Obligor; (vi) amend or alter or otherwise modify or remove all or any part of the Special Purpose Vehicle Provisions of the Constitutive Documents of an Obligor; or (vii) amend, alter or otherwise modify or remove all or any part of the definition of “Independent Manager” or the definition of “Material Action” in the Constitutive Documents of an Obligor.

Material Adverse Effect”: A material adverse effect on and/or material adverse developments with respect to (i) the business, operations, properties or assets of (x) the Obligors taken as a whole or (y) the Obligors, Funding Companies and the Servicer taken as a whole, (ii) the ability of any Obligor to fully and timely perform its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents, (iii) the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against any Obligor of a Transaction Document to which it is a party or (iv) the rights, remedies and benefits available to, or conferred upon, the Trustee or any Noteholder under any Transaction Document.

Maturity”: With respect to any Note, the date on which any unpaid principal or notional amount, as applicable, of such Note becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

Memorandum”: The meaning specified in the Note Purchase Agreement.

Moody’s”: Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and any successor or successors thereto.

Non-Call Date”: (a) with respect to the Initial Notes, the period from the Closing Date to (but excluding) June 10, 2024 and (b) with respect to any Additional Notes, the period from issuance of the Additional Notes to (but excluding) the date specified in the applicable indenture supplement.

Note Purchase Agreement”: The Note Purchase Agreement dated on or around the Closing Date between the Purchasers and the Obligors relating to the purchase of the Initial Notes.

Notes”: The Initial Notes and any Additional Notes.

Notes Payment Account”: The trust account defined in and established pursuant to Section 10.3(a).

Obligors”: The Issuer and the Guarantors.
 
Officer’s Certificate”: With respect to any Person, a certificate signed by an Authorized Officer of such Person.


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Opinion of Counsel”: A written opinion addressed to the Trustee, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, of a nationally or internationally recognized law firm or an attorney admitted to practice (or law firm, one or more of the partners of which are admitted to practice) before the highest court of any State of the United States or the District of Columbia or other applicable jurisdiction, which attorney may, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture, be counsel for the Obligors or the Servicer and which attorney or firm shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee. Whenever an Opinion of Counsel is required hereunder, such Opinion of Counsel may rely on opinions of other counsel who are so admitted and otherwise satisfactory which opinions of other counsel shall accompany such Opinion of Counsel and shall be addressed to the Trustee or shall state that the Trustee shall be entitled to rely thereon.
    
Optional Redemption”: Any redemption of Notes pursuant to Article IX.

Outstanding”: With respect to the Notes, as of any date of determination, all of such Notes, theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture except:

(a)    Notes theretofore cancelled by the Registrar or delivered to the Registrar for cancellation or registered in the Register on the date that the Trustee provides notice to Holders pursuant to Section 4.1 that this Indenture has been discharged;

(b)    Notes or, in each case, portions thereof for whose payment or redemption funds in the necessary amount have been theretofore irrevocably transferred to the Trustee in trust for the Holders of such Notes and notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture;

(c)    Notes in exchange for or in lieu of which other Notes have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that any such original Notes are held by a Protected Purchaser;

(d)    Notes alleged to have been mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen for which replacement Notes have been issued as provided in Section 2.5 of this Indenture; or

(e)    in determining whether the Holders of the requisite Outstanding amount have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Notes owned by any Obligor, the Servicer or any Affiliate of an Obligor or the Servicer shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Notes that a Trust Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge are so owned shall be so disregarded (receipt by a Trust Officer of the Trustee of an Officer’s Certificate providing that such Notes are owned by an Obligor, the Servicer or any of their respective Affiliates shall be conclusive evidence of such knowledge).

Paid in Full” or “Payment in Full”: (i) With respect to a payment on the Notes, an amount equal to the Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes, together with all accrued and unpaid interest (excluding Additional Interest) and the Make-Whole Amount (if any), (ii) with respect to a transfer to the Principal Reserve Account pursuant to Section 11.1(a)(6), an amount equal to the amount that would be paid pursuant to clause (i) of this definition as if such transfer was deemed a payment on the Notes and (iii) with respect to payment of the Secured Obligations, the payment in full in cash of all such Secured Obligations (other than contingent indemnification obligations to the extent no claim giving rise thereto has been asserted).


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Partial Cash Trap Event”: Shall have occurred if on any Interest Payment Date, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for such Interest Payment Date, as determined on the applicable Determination Date, is less than [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to such Interest Payment Date, provided that such event shall be deemed not to have occurred if, on or prior to the applicable Determination Date, the Obligors shall have received sufficient cash equity contributions from their respective Funding Companies such that, if such contributions were treated as additional Collections during the immediately preceding Collection Period, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for such Interest Payment Date would have been equal to or greater than [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to each Interest Payment Date.

Participation” or “Participations”: The Initial Participations and the Additional Participations.

Payment Date”: Any Interest Payment Date, any Redemption Date or the Stated Maturity.
Payment Date Report”: The meaning specified in Section 10.4(b).

PBGC”: The United States Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.

Permitted Transferee”: Any Person specified in Part A of Schedule B attached hereto and any Affiliate thereof whose name is recognizably related to such Person and that has been in operation for at least three years.

Person”: An individual, corporation (including a business trust), partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust (including any beneficiary thereof), bank, unincorporated association or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity of a similar nature.

Pledged Obligations”: On any date of determination, the Participations and the Eligible Investments owned by the Obligors.

Principal Balance”: As of any date of determination, with respect to any Eligible Investment or cash, the balance of such Eligible Investment or cash.

Principal Reserve Account”: The trust account defined in and established pursuant to Section 10.3(b).

Priority of Payments”: The meaning specified in Section 11.1.
    
Private Equity Funds”: Any collective investment vehicle or account that pursues private equity investments.

Proceeding”: Any suit in equity, action at law or other judicial or administrative proceeding.

Pro Forma Effect”: For purposes of calculating the Debt Service Coverage Ratio in connection with any issuance of Additional Notes, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio shall be calculated on a pro forma basis for the immediately preceding Interest Payment Date by calculating the ratio of (I)(a)

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the aggregate amount of cash Collections received for the four immediately preceding Collection Periods with respect to which a corresponding Interest Payment Date has occurred minus (b) the aggregate amount of Senior Fees paid on the immediately preceding four Interest Payment Dates to (II) the aggregate amount that would have been paid on the four immediately preceding Interest Payment Dates under Section 11.1(a)(4) if such Additional Notes had been issued on the first day of the first applicable Collection Period.

Protected Purchaser”: The meaning specified in Article 8 of the UCC.

Purchasers”: With respect to the Initial Notes, the Persons identified on the “Purchaser Schedule” to the Note Purchase Agreement and any “Substitute Purchaser” as defined in the Note Purchase Agreement and, with respect to any Additional Notes, the Persons identified on the “Purchaser Schedule” to the note purchase agreement relating to such Additional Notes and any “substitute purchaser” as defined in the note purchase agreement relating to such Additional Notes.

Qualified Institutional Buyer”: Any Person that at the time of its acquisition, purported acquisition or proposed acquisition of Notes is a “qualified institutional buyer” within the meaning of Rule 144A, including any Person owned exclusively by “qualified institutional buyers”.

Qualified Purchaser”: Any Person that, at the time of its acquisition, purported acquisition or proposed acquisition of Notes, is a “qualified purchaser” for purposes of the Investment Company Act, including any Person owned exclusively by “qualified purchasers”.

Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event”: Shall have occurred on any Interest Payment Date if (i) on the applicable Interest Payment Date the Debt to Asset Ratio is greater than [***]% and (ii) the Debt to Asset Ratio was greater than [***]% on the immediately preceding Interest Payment Date after giving effect to amounts paid in accordance with the Priority of Payments.

Rapid Amortization Event”: Shall have occurred if on any Interest Payment Date (i) the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for such Interest Payment Date, as determined on the applicable Determination Date, is less than [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to such Interest Payment Date, provided that such event shall be deemed not to have occurred if, on or prior to the applicable Determination Date, the Obligors shall have received sufficient cash equity contributions from their respective Funding Companies such that, if such contributions were treated as additional Collections during the immediately preceding Collection Period, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for such Interest Payment Date would have been equal to or greater than [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to each Interest Payment Date or (ii) any Exclusion Event has occurred and is continuing following the occurrence of the Exclusion Event Consent Date in respect of such Exclusion Event.

Rating Agency”: [***].

Redemption Date”: Any Business Day specified for a redemption of the Notes pursuant to Section 9.1.

Redemption Price”: The meaning specified in Section 9.1.

Register”: The register maintained by the Trustee or any Registrar with respect to the Notes pursuant to Section 2.4.

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Registered”: A debt obligation that is issued after July 18, 1984 and that is in registered form within the meaning of Section 881(c)(2)(B)(i) of the Code and the United States Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder.

Registrar”: The meaning specified in Section 2.4(a).

Reinvestment Period”: (a) with respect to the Initial Notes, the period from the Closing Date to (but excluding) July 7, 2029 and (b) with respect to any Additional Notes, the period from issuance of the Additional Notes to (but excluding) the date specified in the applicable indenture supplement.

Reinvestment Yield”: With respect to the Called Principal of any Note, the sum of (a) 0.50% plus (b) the yield to maturity implied by the “Ask Yield(s)” reported as of 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the second Business Day preceding the Redemption Date with respect to such Called Principal, on the display designated as “Page PX1” (or such other display as may replace Page PX1) on Bloomberg Financial Markets for the most recently issued actively traded on-the-run U.S. Treasury securities (“Reported”) having a maturity equal to the Remaining Average Life of such Called Principal as of such Redemption Date. If there are no such U.S. Treasury securities Reported having a maturity equal to such Remaining Average Life, then such implied yield to maturity will be determined by (i) converting U.S. Treasury bill quotations to bond equivalent yields in accordance with accepted financial practice and (ii) interpolating linearly between the “Ask Yields” Reported for the applicable most recently issued actively traded on-the-run U.S. Treasury securities with the maturities (1) closest to and greater than such Remaining Average Life and (2) closest to and less than such Remaining Average Life. The Reinvestment Yield shall be rounded to the number of decimal places as appears in the interest rate of the applicable Note.
If such yields are not Reported or the yields Reported as of such time are not ascertainable (including by way of interpolation), then “Reinvestment Yield” means, with respect to the Called Principal of any Note, the sum of (x) 0.50% plus (y) the yield to maturity implied by the U.S. Treasury constant maturity yields reported, for the latest day for which such yields have been so reported as of the second Business Day preceding the Redemption Date with respect to such Called Principal, in Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (or any comparable successor publication) for the U.S. Treasury constant maturity having a term equal to the Remaining Average Life of such Called Principal as of such Redemption Date. If there is no such U.S. Treasury constant maturity having a term equal to such Remaining Average Life, such implied yield to maturity will be determined by interpolating linearly between (1) the U.S. Treasury constant maturity so reported with the term closest to and greater than such Remaining Average Life and (2) the U.S. Treasury constant maturity so reported with the term closest to and less than such Remaining Average Life. The Reinvestment Yield shall be rounded to the number of decimal places as appears in the interest rate of the applicable Note.
Remaining Average Life”: With respect to any Called Principal, the number of years obtained by dividing (i) such Called Principal into (ii) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the principal component of each Remaining Scheduled Payment with respect to such Called Principal by (b) the number of years, computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months and calculated to two decimal places, that will elapse between the Redemption Date with respect to such Called Principal and the scheduled due date of such Remaining Scheduled Payment.


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Remaining Scheduled Payments”: With respect to the Called Principal of any Note, all payments of such Called Principal and interest (excluding any Additional Interest) thereon that would be due after the Redemption Date with respect to such Called Principal if no payment of such Called Principal were made prior to the applicable Non-Call Date (it being understood that this does not include any remaining scheduled payments due after the applicable Non-Call Date), provided that if such Redemption Date is not a date on which interest payments are due to be made under the Notes, then the amount of the next succeeding scheduled interest payment will be reduced by the amount of interest accrued to such Redemption Date and required to be paid on such Redemption Date.

Report”: The meaning specified in the definition of “Reinvestment Yield”.

Rule 144A”: Rule 144A, as amended, under the Securities Act.
S&P”: S&P Global Ratings or any successor to the ratings business thereof.

Schedules of Participations”: Schedule A to each Lower Tier Transfer Agreement.

Secured Obligations”: The meaning specified in the Granting Clause.

Secured Parties”: The Trustee, the Servicer, the Holders of the Notes and the Bank in each of its other capacities under the Transaction Documents.

Securities Act”: The U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Security Entitlement”: The meaning specified in Section 8‑102(a)(17) of the UCC.

Senior Fees”: The aggregate amount to be paid on any Interest Payment Date under Sections 11.1(a)(1), 11.1(a)(2) and 11.1(a)(3).

Series”: Each series of Notes issued pursuant to this Indenture or an indenture supplement.

Servicer”: AMH Servicing, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, until a successor Person shall have become the servicer pursuant to the provisions of the Servicing Agreement and thereafter “Servicer” shall mean such successor Person. Each reference herein to the Servicer shall be deemed to constitute a reference as well to any agent of the Servicer and to any other Person to whom the Servicer has delegated any of its duties hereunder in accordance with the terms of the Servicing Agreement, in each case during such time as and to the extent that such agent or other Person is performing such duties.

Servicing Agreement”: An agreement dated on or around the Closing Date, between the Obligors and the Servicer relating to the Servicer’s performance on behalf of the Obligors of certain servicing duties with respect to the Collateral, as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof and hereof.

Servicing Fee”: $[***] per annum, to be paid in equal quarterly installments in accordance with the Priority of Payments, unless waived by the Servicer.


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Special Purpose Vehicle Provisions”: The bankruptcy-related, separateness and special purpose provisions of the Constitutive Documents of each Obligor and Funding Company, as applicable.

Stated Maturity”: (a) with respect to the Initial Notes, July 7, 2039 (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) and (b) with respect to any Additional Notes, the date specified in the applicable indenture supplement.

Subject Party”: The Issuer, the Guarantors and the Funding Companies.

Subordinated Obligation”: The meaning specified in Appendix 2.

Support Letter”: The Support Letter, dated on or around the Closing Date, among the Supporting Entities, the Obligors and the Funding Companies.

Supporting Entities”: Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH Holdings (Cayman), L.P.

Transaction Documents”: This Indenture, the Servicing Agreement, the Account Agreements, the Note Purchase Agreement, the Limited Indemnity Letters, the Transfer Agreements, the Support Letter, the Limited Liability Company Agreement of each Obligor and the Limited Liability Company Agreement of each Funding Company and any corresponding document delivered in connection with any successor fund or additional fund as required by the Support Letter and in connection with any Additional Issuance.

Transfer” or “Transferring”: The meaning specified in Section 7.12(i).

Transfer Agreements”: The Lower Tier Transfer Agreements and the Upper Tier Transfer Agreements.

Trust Officer”: When used with respect to the Trustee, any officer within the Corporate Trust Office (or any successor group of the Trustee) including any director, managing director, vice president, assistant vice president, associate or officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by the persons who at the time shall be such officers, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred at the Corporate Trust Office because of such person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject, in each case having direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.

Trustee”: The meaning specified in the preamble.

Trustee Fee”: $[***] per annum, to be paid in equal quarterly installments pursuant to the Priority of Payments as outlined in the Trustee Fee Letter.

Trustee Fee Letter”: The letter agreement between the Obligors and the Trustee, dated as of May 3, 2019.

UCC”: The Uniform Commercial Code, as in effect from time to time in the State of New York.


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Uncertificated Security”: The meaning specified in Article 8 of the UCC.

Underlying Asset”: The meaning specified in the applicable Lower Tier Transfer Agreement.

Underlying Partnership LPA”: The meaning specified in the applicable Lower Tier Transfer Agreement.

Upper Tier Transfer Agreements”: Each Assignment and Assumption Agreement dated as of the Closing Date, among an Apollo Interim Holder and a Funding Company and each other assignment and assumption agreement entered into after the Closing Date between an Apollo Interim Holder and a Funding Company.

Upstream Transferred Asset”: The meaning specified in the Lower Tier Transfer Agreements.

U.S. Bank Accounts”: The Notes Payment Account, the Interest Reserve Account and the Principal Reserve Account.

U.S. Person”: The meaning specified under Regulation S.

Section 1.2    Rules of Construction and Certain Other Matters.
(a) Rules of Construction. All references in this Indenture to designated “Articles,” “Sections,” “Subsections” and other subdivisions are to the designated Articles, Sections, Subsections and other subdivisions of this instrument as originally executed. The words “herein,” “hereof,” “hereunder,” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section, Subsection or other subdivision. The term “including” shall mean “including without limitation”.

(b) Accounting Terms. All accounting terms not specifically or completely defined herein shall be construed in conformity with, and all financial data (including financial ratios and other financial calculations) required to be submitted pursuant to this Indenture shall be prepared in conformity with, GAAP, except as otherwise specifically prescribed herein. For the avoidance of doubt, the value of the Covered Distribution Interest for purposes of the financial ratios and other financial calculations under this Indenture shall mean the value as reported within the Funding Companies’ financial statements as outlined in Section 7.16(a) or 7.16(b).

(c) Rounding. Any financial ratio required to be achieved by the Obligors pursuant to this Indenture shall be calculated by dividing the appropriate component by the other component, carrying the result to one place more than the number of places by which such ratio is expressed herein and rounding the result up or down to the nearest number (with a rounding up if there is no nearest number).

ARTICLE II.

THE NOTES
Section 2.1    Forms Generally.

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The Initial Notes shall be designated as “4.77% Series A Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes due 2039”. The Initial Notes shall be issued on the Closing Date and any Additional Notes shall be issued on such date as may be specified in the related note purchase agreement and supplemental indenture. The Notes and the Certificate of Authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A, provided that any Note or Certificate of Authentication may be modified as necessary or contemplated by this Indenture in connection with the issuance of any Additional Notes.

Section 2.2    Authorized Amount; Note Interest Rate; Stated Maturity; Denominations.
The aggregate principal amount of the Notes that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.
        
The aggregate principal amount of the Initial Notes that shall be authenticated and delivered on the Closing Date is $325,000,000.

The Initial Notes shall bear interest from the date of issuance (including such date) at a rate per annum equal to (a) 4.77% plus (b) after the Reinvestment Period, 5.0% (such additional 5.0% interest accruing after the Reinvestment Period, the “Initial Notes Additional Interest”) until the date of Payment in Full of principal and all obligations under the Notes. Any Additional Notes shall bear interest (including any additional interest, such additional interest the “Additional Notes Additional Interest”) from the date of issuance at a rate per annum set forth in the relevant indenture supplement. During the continuance of an Event of Default, the unpaid principal amount of the Notes and overdue interest (excluding Additional Interest) and any Make-Whole Amount shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Default Rate, which interest shall be due and payable in accordance with Section 11.1. Interest shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30 day months.

The Notes shall mature and be due and payable by the Issuer on the Stated Maturity. Each Note shall be issued with a private placement number and with respect to the Initial Notes and transfers of such Notes, in authorized denominations of $250,000 or increments of $25,000 in excess thereof (or such smaller increments as may be agreed by the Issuer from time to time). Notes shall only be transferred or resold in compliance with the terms of this Indenture.

Section 2.3    Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.
The Notes shall be executed on behalf of the Issuer by one of the Authorized Officers of the Issuer. The signature of such Authorized Officer on the Notes may be manual or facsimile.

Notes bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at the time of execution Authorized Officers of the Issuer shall bind the Issuer, notwithstanding the fact that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Notes or did not hold such offices at the date of issuance of such Notes.

Subject to the conditions for issuance of Notes hereunder, at any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Issuer may deliver Notes executed by the Issuer to the Trustee for authentication, and the Trustee, upon Issuer Order, shall authenticate and deliver such Notes as provided in this Indenture and not otherwise.


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Each Note authenticated and delivered by the Trustee upon Issuer Order on the Closing Date shall be dated as of such date. All other Notes that are authenticated after the Closing Date for any other purpose under this Indenture shall be dated the date of their authentication.

Notes issued upon transfer, exchange or replacement of other Notes shall be issued in authorized denominations, if applicable, reflecting the original aggregate principal amount or notional amount, as the case may be, of the Notes so transferred, exchanged or replaced, but shall represent only the current Outstanding principal amount or notional amount, as the case may be, of the Notes so transferred, exchanged or replaced. In the event that any Note is divided into more than one Note in accordance with this Article II, the original principal amount or notional amount, as the case may be, of such Note shall be proportionately divided among the Notes delivered in exchange therefor and shall be deemed to be the original aggregate principal amount or notional amount, as the case may be, of such subsequently issued Notes.

No Note shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Note a Certificate of Authentication, substantially in the form provided for herein, executed by the Trustee by the manual signature of one of its authorized signatories, and such certificate upon any Note shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Note has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder.

Section 2.4    Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange.
(a)    The Issuer shall cause the Notes to be Registered and shall cause to be kept the Register in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Issuer shall provide for the registration of the Notes (including the identity of the Holders and the Outstanding principal amounts and stated interest on the Notes (which amounts shall include the amounts of any Additional Notes issued pursuant to Section 2.9)) and the registration of all assignments and transfers of the Notes. If any Holder of one or more Notes is a nominee, then (a) the name and address of the beneficial owner of such Note or Notes shall also be registered in such register as an owner and Holder thereof and (b) at any such beneficial owner’s option, either such beneficial owner or its nominee may execute any amendment, waiver or consent pursuant to this Indenture. The Trustee is hereby initially appointed, solely for this purpose as agent of the Issuer to act as “Registrar” for the purpose of registering and recording in the Register the Notes and assignments and transfers of such Notes as herein provided. Upon any resignation or removal of the Registrar, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor.

If a Person other than the Trustee is appointed by the Issuer as Registrar, the Issuer will give the Trustee prompt written notice of the appointment of such Registrar and of the location, and any change in the location, of the Registrar, and the Trustee shall have the right to inspect the Register at all reasonable times and to obtain copies thereof and the Trustee shall have the right to rely upon a certificate executed on behalf of such Registrar by an Authorized Officer thereof as to the names and addresses of the Holders of the Notes and the principal amounts or notional amounts, as the case may be, of such Notes.

Subject to this Section 2.4, upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Notes at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, the surrendered Notes shall be returned to the Issuer marked “canceled,” and retained or destroyed by the Trustee in accordance with its standard retention policy and the Issuer shall execute, and the Trustee, upon Issuer Order, shall authenticate and deliver in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Notes of any authorized denomination and of a like aggregate principal amount or notional amount, as the case may be.

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The Issuer or the Servicer, as applicable, will notify the Trustee in writing of any Note beneficially owned by or pledged to any Obligor, the Servicer or any of their respective Affiliates promptly upon its knowledge of the acquisition thereof or the creation of such pledge.

All Notes issued and authenticated upon any registration of transfer or exchange of the Notes shall be the valid obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as the Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

A Note, and the rights to payments evidenced thereby, may be assigned or otherwise transferred in whole or in part pursuant to the terms of this Section 2.4 only by the registration of such assignment and transfer of such Note (and each Note shall so expressly provide on the Register). No transfer of a Note shall be effective unless such transfer shall have been recorded in the Register by the Registrar as provided in this Section 2.4. Any assignment or transfer of all or part of such Note shall be registered on the Register only upon surrender for registration of transfer or exchange shall be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Issuer and the Registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing. The Registrar may request evidence reasonably satisfactory to it proving the identity of the transferee or the transferor or the authenticity of their signatures. Prior to the due presentment for registration of transfer of any Note and in the absence of manifest error, the Issuer, the Trustee and the Registrar shall treat the Person in whose name such Note is registered as the owner thereof for the purpose of receiving all payments or distribution thereon as the case may be, and for all other purposes, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary.

No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any exchange of the Notes, but the Issuer may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any stamp tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any exchange of the Notes.

The Issuer shall not be required (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Note during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before any scheduled Payment Date or Redemption Date and ending at the close of business on such date, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Note redeemed on such date (other than the unredeemed portion of any Note redeemed in part).

(b)    No Note may be sold or transferred (including, by pledge or hypothecation) unless such sale or transfer is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and is exempt under applicable state securities laws and will not cause any of the Obligors or the pool of Collateral to become subject to the requirement that it register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

(c)    Notes (or beneficial interests therein) may only be offered, sold, exchanged or otherwise transferred (including, by pledge or hypothecation) by Holders to U.S. Persons or Canadian Persons that are both (x) both (i) Qualified Institutional Buyers and (ii) Qualified Purchasers and (y) either (i) existing Noteholders, (ii) Affiliates of existing Noteholders, (iii) Permitted Transferees or (iv) any third-party managed account of an affiliated adviser of a Person described in this clause (y) with the consent of Apollo (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) (each of the foregoing, an “Eligible Transferee”), provided that no Notes may be sold, exchanged or otherwise transferred to a Disqualified Purchaser, provided, further, that if a Person becomes a Disqualified Purchaser, such Person shall be deemed removed from the list of Permitted Transferees. If a Note is transferred or exchanged for

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another Note, the Issuer shall (x) cause the Registrar to cancel the Note being transferred or exchanged, (y) deliver one or more new Notes in authorized denominations having an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such Note being transferred or exchanged to the transferee (in the case of a transfer) or the Holder of the canceled Note (in the case of an exchange), registered in the name of such transferee or Holder, as applicable, and (z) if such transfer or exchange involves less than the entire principal amount of the canceled Note, deliver to the Holder thereof one or more Notes in authorized denominations having an aggregate principal amount equal to the untransferred or unexchanged portion of the canceled Note, registered in the name of the Holder thereof.

(d)    Any transferee, by its acceptance of a Note registered in its name (or the name of its nominee), shall be deemed to have (i) made the representation set forth in Section 6.2 of the Note Purchase Agreement and (ii) represented that it is an Eligible Transferee and that it is not a Disqualified Purchaser or its Affiliate.

(e)    [reserved].

(f)    Any purported transfer of a Note not in accordance with this Section 2.4 shall be null and void and shall not be given effect for any purpose hereunder.

(g)    Nothing in this Section 2.4 shall be construed to limit any contractual restrictions on transfers of the Notes or interests therein that may apply to any Person.

(h)    [reserved].
(i)    Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, neither the Trustee nor the Registrar shall be responsible for ascertaining whether any transfer complies with the registration provisions of or any exemptions from the Securities Act, applicable state securities laws or the applicable laws of any other jurisdiction.

Section 2.5    Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes.
If (i) any mutilated Note is surrendered to the Trustee, or if there shall be delivered to the Issuer and the Trustee evidence to their reasonable satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Note and (ii) there is delivered to the Issuer and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of any of them harmless, provided that an unsecured agreement to indemnify from an institutional investor with a net worth in excess of $100,000,000 may be deemed satisfactory in the sole discretion of the Trustee for such purpose, then, in the absence of written notice to the Issuer or a Trust Officer of the Trustee that such Note has been acquired by a Protected Purchaser, the Issuer shall execute and, upon Issuer Order, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note, a new Note of same tenor and principal amount or notional amount, as applicable, and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

If, after delivery of such new Note, a Protected Purchaser of the predecessor Note presents for payment, transfer or exchange such predecessor Note, the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to recover such new Note from the Person to whom it was delivered or any Person taking therefrom, and shall be entitled to recover upon the security or indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred by the Issuer and the Trustee in connection therewith.


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In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note has become due and payable, the Issuer in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Note pay the amounts due under such Note in accordance with the terms of this Indenture without requiring surrender thereof except that any mutilated Note shall be surrendered.

Upon the issuance of any new Note under this Section 2.5, the Issuer or the Trustee may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Issuer shall pay all stamp, documentary or similar taxes or fees which may be payable in respect of (i) the execution and delivery or the enforcement of the Note Purchase Agreement, (ii) the execution and delivery of (but not the transfer) or the enforcement of any of the Notes in the United States or any other jurisdiction where any Obligor has assets or (iii) any amendment of, or waiver or consent under or with respect to, the Note Purchase Agreement or of any of the Notes, and, in each case, will save each Holder of a Note, to the extent not prohibited by applicable law, harmless against any loss or liability resulting from nonpayment or delay in payment of any such tax or fee required to be paid by the Issuer under this Section 2.5.

Every new Note issued pursuant to this Section 2.5 in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Issuer, and such new Note shall be entitled, subject to the second paragraph of this Section 2.5, to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Notes duly issued hereunder.

The provisions of this Section 2.5 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes.

Section 2.6    Payment of Principal and Interest, Preservation of Rights.
(a)    Interest and Make-Whole Amount, if any, on the Notes shall be due and payable on each Payment Date, provided that Additional Interest shall be due and payable on each Payment Date occurring after the Reinvestment Period as amounts are available for payment thereof. The principal of each Note shall be due and payable on the Stated Maturity thereof unless the unpaid principal of such Note becomes due and payable at an earlier date by acceleration, redemption or otherwise.

(b)    All sums becoming due on the Notes for principal, the Make-Whole Amount, if any, interest and all other amounts shall be payable by the Trustee by wire transfer in immediately available funds pursuant to such wire instruction specified for such purpose below such Holder’s name in the Purchaser Schedule, or by such other method or at such other address as such Holder shall have from time to time specified in writing to the Issuer and the Trustee. Upon final payment due on the Maturity of a Note or Redemption Date, the Holder thereof shall present and surrender such Note at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee on or prior to such Maturity or upon redemption of a Note, provided that, if there is delivered to the Issuer and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless and an undertaking thereafter to surrender such certificate, provided, further that an unsecured agreement to indemnify from an institutional investor with a net worth in excess of $100,000,000 may be deemed satisfactory in the sole discretion of the Trustee for such purpose, then, in the absence of notice to the Issuer or the Trustee that the applicable Note has been acquired by a Protected Purchaser, such final payment shall be made without presentation or surrender. Any payment of interest on any Note that is due on a date that is not a Business Day shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day without including the additional days elapsed in the computation of the interest payable on

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such next succeeding Business Day and any payment of principal of or Make-Whole Amount on any Note (including principal due on the Stated Maturity thereof) that is due on a date that is not a Business Day shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day and shall include the additional days elapsed in the computation of interest payable on such next succeeding Business Day.

(c)    Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.6, each Note delivered under this Indenture and upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Note shall carry the rights of unpaid interest, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and principal that were carried by such other Note.

(d)    Notwithstanding any of the foregoing provisions with respect to payments of principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on the Notes, if the Notes have become or been declared due and payable following an Event of Default and such acceleration of Maturity and its consequences have not been rescinded and annulled, then payments of principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on such Notes shall be made in accordance with Section 5.6.

Section 2.7    Cancellation.
All Notes surrendered for payment, registration of transfer, exchange or redemption, or deemed lost or stolen, shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be promptly cancelled by it. No Notes shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Notes cancelled as provided in this Section 2.7, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Notes held by the Trustee shall be destroyed or held by the Trustee in accordance with its standard retention policy unless the Issuer shall direct by an Issuer Order that they be returned to the Issuer. The Issuer at any time shall cause the Registrar to cancel any Notes which the Issuer may have acquired in any manner whatsoever. The Issuer may not issue new Notes to replace Notes Paid in Full or which it has or is required to cancel. No Notes shall be cancelled except under the circumstances specified in this Section 2.7.

Section 2.8    No Gross Up.

The Issuer shall not be obligated to pay any additional amounts to the Holders or beneficial owners of the Notes to compensate for any withholding or deduction for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges required with respect to amounts payable under the Notes.

Section 2.9    Additional Notes.
Additional Notes may be issued from time to time substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto (each such issuance, an “Additional Issuance”), subject to the terms and conditions herein as such terms and conditions may be supplemented pursuant to any series supplement executed pursuant to Section 8.1 hereof, provided that:

(a)    such Additional Notes are issued pursuant to a supplemental indenture in accordance with Section 8.1 and in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, which supplemental indenture shall specify the relevant terms with respect to such new Additional Notes including the interest rate, original issue discount and any other pricing terms, the Non-Call Date, if any, the Reinvestment Period and Stated Maturity with respect thereto and any other relevant terms of such Additional Notes,

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provided that unless the proceeds of such Additional Notes will be used to repay the Initial Notes in full, the terms of such Additional Notes shall not (x) provide for a Non-Call Date, Reinvestment Period or Stated Maturity that is earlier than the corresponding dates of the Initial Notes or (y) include a right or obligation of the Issuer to prepay or repay (other than ratably in accordance with the Priority of Payments) such Additional Notes before the Initial Notes are Paid in Full;

(b)    if such Additional Notes are not issued in a ‘‘qualified reopening’’ for U.S. federal income tax purposes, have more than a de minimis amount of original issue discount or otherwise do not form part of the same ‘‘issue’’ for U.S. federal income tax purposes, then such Additional Notes shall be assigned a separate private placement number at issuance;

(c)    no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing;

(d)    both (x) immediately prior and after giving effect to such Additional Issuance any Outstanding Notes shall have a rating of at least “BBB” and (y) the Rating Agency shall have confirmed that the Rating Agency’s rating then in effect with respect to any Outstanding Notes shall not be downgraded as a result of the issuance of such Additional Issuance unless, with respect to this clause (y), the Rating Agency has informed the Issuer that it declines to provide such confirmation;

(e)    after giving effect to such Additional Issuance, the Debt to Asset Ratio would be less than or equal to [***]%;

(f)    the Issuer shall have caused the Additional Notes Interest Reserve Amount to be transferred into the Interest Reserve Account contemporaneously with the issuance of the Additional Notes;

(g)    after giving Pro Forma Effect to such Additional Issuance, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio would not be less than [***]:1.00 (calculated as if such Additional Notes were incurred at the beginning of the first of the four Collection Periods being tested) as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to the date of such Additional Issuance;

(h)    such Additional Notes shall rank pari passu with or subordinate to the Initial Notes in payment and lien priority and shall have the same rights with respect to the Collateral as the holders of the Initial Notes; and

(i)    after the Reinvestment Period of the Initial Notes, all payments made pursuant to Section 11.1(a)(6)(D) shall be paid first, ratably, to the Holders of the Initial Notes and any Additional Notes with the same Reinvestment Period as the Initial Notes, and second, ratably, to any Holders of Additional Notes with a Reinvestment Period ending later than the Reinvestment Period of the Initial Notes.

provided, that no such conditions precedent shall be applicable to any issuance of Additional Notes that are issued to refinance Outstanding Notes in whole. The issuance of Additional Notes in accordance with the foregoing will not be subject to the consent of the Holders of any Outstanding Notes.

Section 2.10    Tax Certification.

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Each Holder and beneficial owner of a Note, by acceptance of such Note or an interest in such Note, shall be deemed to understand and acknowledge that failure to provide the Issuer or the Trustee with the properly completed and signed applicable tax certifications may result in withholding from payments in respect of such Note, including U.S. federal withholding or back-up withholding. In the case of any such Holder that is a U.S. Person, such Holder shall provide to the Issuer or the Trustee a valid and properly executed IRS Form W-9, including such Holder’s United States tax identification number, and any other forms reasonably requested by the Issuer necessary to establish such Holder’s status as a U.S. Person under FATCA and as may otherwise be necessary for the Obligors to comply with their obligations under FATCA and any other tax reporting or withholding requirement imposed on the Obligors (or their direct and indirect owners). In the case of any such Holder that is not a U.S. Person, such Holder shall provide to the Issuer or the Trustee a valid and properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI or W-8IMY, as applicable, together with all applicable attachments and such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation as may be necessary for the Obligors to comply with their obligations under FATCA and any other tax reporting or withholding requirement imposed on the Obligors (or it their direct and indirect owners) and to determine that such Holder has complied with such Holder’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount (if any) to deduct and withhold from any such payment made to such Holder. For purposes of this Section 2.10, “U.S. Person” shall have the meaning specified in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code.

Section 2.11    Private Placement Number.
The Issuer shall procure a private placement number or other customary securities identifier for the Notes.

ARTICLE III.

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT; CERTAIN PROVISIONS
RELATING TO COLLATERAL
Section 3.1    Conditions to Issuance of Notes.
Notes shall be executed by the Issuer, and delivered to the Trustee for authentication, and thereupon the same shall be authenticated and delivered to the Noteholders by the Trustee on the Closing Date upon Issuer Order and upon delivery by the Issuer to the Trustee, and receipt by the Trustee, of the following on or prior to the Closing Date and on or prior to the date of issuance of any Additional Notes:

(a)    Grant of Collateral. Fully executed copies of this Indenture and copies of any other instrument or document, fully executed (as applicable), necessary to consummate and perfect the Grant set forth in the Granting Clauses of this Indenture of a perfected security interest that is of first priority, free of any adverse claim or the legal equivalent thereof in favor of the Trustee on behalf of the Holders of the Notes in all of the Obligors’ right, title and interest in and to the Collateral pledged to the Trustee for inclusion in the Collateral, including compliance with the provisions of Section 3.2.

(b)    Certificates of the Obligors. A certificate of an Authorized Officer of each of the Obligors to the effect that, in the case of each Participation pledged to the Trustee for inclusion in the Collateral and immediately prior to the delivery thereof on the Closing Date and on or prior to the date of issuance of any Additional Notes:

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(i)    such Obligor has good and marketable title to such Participations free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or defects of any nature whatsoever;

(ii)    such Obligor has acquired its ownership in such Participation in good faith without notice of any adverse claim;

            (iii)    the information set forth with respect to such Participations on the Schedules of Participations is correct; and

        (iv)    upon Grant by the Obligors and the taking of the relevant actions contemplated by Section 3.2, the Trustee has a perfected security interest in the Collateral that is of first priority, free of any adverse claim or the legal equivalent thereof.

(c)    Transfer to Interest Reserve Account. A certificate that (i) specifies the Interest Reserve Amount to be held in the Interest Reserve Account and (ii) indicates that the Interest Reserve Amount has been transferred into the Interest Reserve Account.

(d)    Issuer Order. An Issuer Order from the Issuer directing the Trustee to authenticate the Notes in the amounts and names set forth therein.

(e)    Certificates of each Funding Company. Each Funding Company shall have delivered an Officer’s Certificate certifying as to such Funding Company’s Constitutive Documents attached thereto.

(f)    Officer’s Certificate as to Conditions Precedent to Issuance of Notes. The Issuer shall have delivered to the Trustee (and the Trustee shall make available to Holders upon request) an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer, certifying that all conditions precedent set forth in this Indenture with respect to the issuance of the applicable Notes have been met (or will be met by the applicable date of such Additional Issuance, as applicable).

Section 3.2    Delivery of Pledged Obligations, Etc.
(a)    Except as otherwise provided in this Indenture, the Trustee shall hold all Pledged Obligations purchased in accordance with this Indenture in the relevant Account established and maintained pursuant to Article X (or, in the case of Participations, in its books and records), as to which in each case the Trustee shall have entered into an Account Agreement, providing, inter alia, that the establishment and maintenance of such Account will be governed by the law of New York.
(b)    Each time that each Obligor (or the Servicer on its behalf) directs or causes an acquisition of any Pledged Obligation or other investment, such Obligor (or the Servicer on its behalf) shall, if such Pledged Obligation or other investment is required to be, but has not already been, transferred to the relevant Account, cause such Pledged Obligation or other investment to be Delivered. The security interest of the Trustee shall nevertheless come into existence and continue in the Pledged Obligation or other investment so acquired, including all rights of the Obligors in and to any contracts related to and proceeds of such Pledged Obligation or other investment.
(c)    Each Obligor shall deliver copies of all Financial and Other Information to the Trustee.

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(d)    Each Obligor (or the Servicer on its behalf) shall cause any other Collateral acquired by such Obligor to be promptly Delivered following acquisition thereof.
ARTICLE IV.

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
Section 4.1    Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to the Notes except as to (i) rights of Holders to receive payments of principal thereof, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest thereon and distributions as provided herein, (ii) the rights and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the obligations of the Trustee in respect of the matters described in this Section 4.1, (iii) the rights and immunities of the Servicer hereunder and under the Servicing Agreement, and (iv) the rights of Holders as beneficiaries hereof with respect to the property held with the Trustee and payable to all or any of them, and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when the Secured Obligations have been Paid in Full and:

(a) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (A) Notes which have been mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.5 and (B) Notes for whose payment money has theretofore irrevocably been deposited in trust in cash in Dollars in such amounts as will be sufficient to pay all sums payable hereunder and under the Servicing Agreement and thereafter repaid to the Issuers or discharged from such trust as provided in Section 7.7) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; and

(b)    (i) the Issuer has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with; or (ii) the Issuer has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that (x) there are no Participations that remain subject to the lien of this Indenture and (y) all amounts held in the Accounts have been distributed in accordance with the terms of this Indenture or have otherwise been irrevocably held in trust with the Trustee for such purpose.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the rights and obligations of the Obligors, the Trustee, and, if applicable, the Servicer and the Noteholders, as the case may be, under Sections 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 4.2, 5.8, 5.16, 6.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.11, 6.14, 6.15, 7.1 and 7.7 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture.

Section 4.2    Application of Trust Money.
All monies held with the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.1 shall be held in trust and applied by it in accordance with the provisions of the Notes and this Indenture to the payment of the principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on the Notes, as the Trustee may determine, to the Person entitled thereto for whose payment such money has been held with the Trustee; but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required herein or required by law.

If the Trustee is unable to apply any such monies in accordance with Section 4.1 hereof by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining, or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Obligors’ obligations under

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this Indenture and the Notes shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof; provided that if the Obligors have made any payment of principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest on, any Notes because of the reinstatement of such obligations, the Obligors shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Notes to receive such payment from the monies held by the Trustee.
ARTICLE V.

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
Section 5.1    Events of Default.
Event of Default,” wherever used herein, means any one of the following events:

(a)    a Default in the payment, when due and payable, of any interest, which Default shall continue for a period of five Business Days, provided that in the case of a Default resulting from a failure to disburse due to an administrative error or omission by the Trustee, the Registrar or the Servicer, such Default will not be an Event of Default unless such failure continues for a period of ten or more Business Days after a Trust Officer of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Servicer, as applicable, receives written notice or has actual knowledge of such administrative error or omission, provided, further, that any failure to pay any Additional Interest in excess of available amounts in accordance with the Priority of Payments will not be an Event of Default;

(b)    a Default in the payment of principal, Make-Whole Amount or Redemption Price, if any, on any Note at its Stated Maturity or Redemption Date or upon acceleration, provided that in the case of a Default resulting from a failure to disburse due to an administrative error or omission by the Trustee, the Registrar or the Servicer, such Default will not be an Event of Default unless such failure continues for a period of five or more Business Days after a Trust Officer of the Trustee or Registrar or the Servicer, as applicable, receives written notice or has actual knowledge of such administrative error or omission;

(c)     the failure on any Payment Date to disburse amounts (other than a Default in payment described in clause (a) or (b) above) available in the Collection Accounts in accordance with the Priority of Payments and continuation of such failure for a period of five Business Days, provided that, if such failure results solely from an administrative error or omission by the Trustee, Registrar or Servicer, such Default will not be an Event of Default unless such failure continues for a period of five or more Business Days after a Trust Officer of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Servicer, as applicable, receives written notice or has actual knowledge of such administrative error or omission;

(d)     the entry of a decree or order by a court having competent jurisdiction adjudging any Obligor as bankrupt or insolvent or granting an order for relief or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition of or in respect of an Obligor under any Bankruptcy Law or any other applicable law, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, or sequestrator (or other similar official) of an Obligor or of any substantial part of its respective properties, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of an Obligor; or an involuntary case or Proceeding shall be commenced against an Obligor seeking any of the foregoing and such case or Proceeding shall continue in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days;

(e)    the institution by any Obligor of Proceedings for an Obligor to be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by an Obligor to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency

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Proceedings against an Obligor, or the filing by an Obligor of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any Bankruptcy Law or any other applicable law, or the consent by an Obligor to the filing of any such petition or to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee or sequestrator (or other similar official) of an Obligor or of any substantial part of the property of an Obligor, or the making by an Obligor of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by an Obligor in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, or the taking of any action by an Obligor in furtherance of any such action;

(f)    a Default in the performance, or the breach, of the covenant in Section 7.10;

(g)    except as otherwise provided in this Section 5.1, a Default in the performance, or the breach, of any other material covenant or other agreement of any Subject Party in this Indenture or in any other Transaction Document, or the failure of any material representation or warranty of a Subject Party made in this Indenture or in any other Transaction Document or in any certificate or other writing delivered pursuant hereto or thereto or in connection herewith or therewith to be correct in all material respects (or, with respect to any representation, warranty, certification or statement already qualified by materiality or “Material Adverse Effect”, shall be untrue in any respect) when the same shall have been made, and the continuation of such Default, breach or failure for a period of 30 days after the earlier of (x) written notice to the Obligors by the Trustee or to the Obligors and a Trust Officer of the Trustee by the Holders representing at least a Majority of the Noteholders specifying such Default, breach or failure and (y) actual knowledge of any Subject Party;

(h)    after the resignation, removal or termination of the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement, a successor Servicer has not been appointed within 90 days;

(i)    the Trustee ceases to have a fully valid and perfected first priority lien with respect to a material portion of the Collateral;

    (j)    one or more final judgments or orders by a court of competent jurisdiction for the payment of money aggregating in excess of $10,000,000 (or its equivalent in the relevant currency of payment and exclusive of any amounts fully covered by insurance), including any such final order enforcing a binding arbitration decision, are rendered against any Obligor and which judgments are not, within 60 days after entry thereof, bonded, discharged or stayed pending appeal, or are not discharged within 60 days after the expiration of such stay;

(k)    any Subject Party or the portfolio of Collateral becomes an investment company required to be registered under the Investment Company Act and such requirement has not been eliminated after a period of 45 days;

(l)    the occurrence of a Change of Control; or

(m)    a Default in the performance, or the breach, of any covenant or other agreement of any Supporting Entity or any Apollo Interim Holder in the Support Letter or any other Transaction Document to which such Person is party, or the failure of any representation or warranty of any such Person made in the Support Letter or any other Transaction Document to which such Person is party to be correct in all material respects (or, with respect to any representation, warranty, certification or statement already qualified by materiality or “Material Adverse Effect”, shall be untrue in any respect) when the same shall have been made, and the continuation of such Default, breach or failure for a period of 30 days which, in the aggregate, give rise to a Material Adverse Effect after written notice to the relevant Person

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by the Trustee or to the relevant Person and a Trust Officer of the Trustee by the Holders of at least a Majority of the Noteholders.

Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Issuer shall promptly notify a Trust Officer of the Trustee, the Servicer and the Holders in writing.

Section 5.2    Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.
(a)    If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(d) or 5.1(e)), the Trustee, if a Trust Officer has actual knowledge thereof, may by notice to the Issuer or shall, at the written direction of a Majority of the Noteholders by notice to the Issuer (and the Trustee shall in turn provide notice to the Holders of all the Notes then Outstanding) declare the principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Notes (including any interest accrued thereon and Make-Whole Amount, if any, at the Default Rate) and all other amounts payable hereunder to be immediately due and payable, and upon any such declaration such principal, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon and Make-Whole Amount, if any, and other amounts payable hereunder, shall become immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(d) or (e) occurs, all unpaid principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Notes (including any interest accrued thereon and Make-Whole Amount, if any, at the Default Rate) and all other amounts payable hereunder shall automatically become immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Noteholder. If any Event of Default described in Section 5.1(b) has occurred and is continuing, any Holder or Holders of Notes at the time outstanding affected by such Event of Default may at any time, at its or their option, instruct the Trustee to, and the Trustee shall by notice to the Issuer, declare all the Notes held by it or them to be immediately due and payable. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.2(a) to the contrary, at no time shall Additional Interest accrue at the Default Rate.

(b)    At any time after such a declaration of acceleration of the Stated Maturity has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter provided in this Article V, a Majority of the Noteholders, by written notice to the Issuer and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if:

(i)    the Issuer has paid or transferred to the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay, and shall pay:

(x)    all overdue installments of principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on the Notes (other than amounts due solely as a result of such acceleration); and

(y)    all unpaid taxes and Administrative Expenses and other sums due hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses and disbursements of the Trustee and its agents and counsel and accrued and unpaid Servicing Fees; and

(ii)    a Trust Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge or has received written notice that either (1) all Events of Default, other than the non‑payment of the principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on the Notes that have become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured and a Majority of the Noteholders by written notice to the Trustee has agreed or consented to such cure or (2) a Majority of the Noteholders by written notice to the Trustee has waived such Event of Default as provided in Section 8.1.


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No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

Section 5.3    Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.
If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Notes have been declared due and payable and such declaration and its consequences have not been rescinded and annulled, or at any time on or after the Stated Maturity, the Trustee may, if a Trust Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge of such Event of Default, and, upon the written direction of a Majority of the Noteholders (subject to the terms hereof), shall proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the other Secured Parties by such appropriate Proceedings, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, as the Trustee shall reasonably deem most effective (if no direction by a Majority of the Noteholders is received by the Trustee) or as the Trustee may be directed by a Majority of the Noteholders, to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy or legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this Indenture or by law.

In case there shall be pending Proceedings relative to any Obligor upon the Notes under the Bankruptcy Law or any other applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law, or in case a receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official shall have been appointed for or taken possession of any Obligor or its property, or in case of any other comparable Proceedings relative to an Obligor upon the Notes, or the creditors or property of an Obligor, the Trustee, regardless of whether the principal of any Notes shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and regardless of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.3, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such Proceedings or otherwise:

(a)    to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount of principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest accrued and unpaid in respect of each of the Notes and, to file such other papers or documents and take such other actions as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for reasonable compensation to the Trustee and each predecessor Trustee, and their respective agents, attorneys and counsel, and for reimbursement of all expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee and each predecessor Trustee) and of the Holders of the Notes allowed in any Proceedings relative to an Obligor upon the Notes or to the creditors or property of such Obligor;

(b)    unless prohibited by applicable law and regulations, to vote on behalf of the Holders of the Notes in any election of a trustee or a standby trustee in arrangement, reorganization, liquidation or other bankruptcy or insolvency Proceedings or a Person performing similar functions in comparable Proceedings; and

(c)    to collect and receive any monies or other property payable to or deliverable on any such claims, and to distribute all amounts received with respect to the claims of the Holders of the Notes and of the Trustee on their behalf; and any trustee, receiver or liquidator, custodian or other similar official is hereby authorized by each of the Holders of the Notes to make payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of payments directly to the Holders of the Notes, to pay to the Trustee such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover reasonable compensation to the Trustee, each predecessor Trustee and their respective agents, attorneys and counsel, and all other reasonable

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expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee and each predecessor Trustee, except as a result of its gross negligence or willful misconduct.

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such Proceeding except, as aforesaid, to vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar Person.

In any Proceedings brought by the Trustee on behalf of the Holders of the Notes (and any such Proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the Trustee shall be a party), the Trustee shall be held to represent all the Holders of the Notes.

Section 5.4    Remedies.
(a)    If an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing, and the Notes have been declared due and payable and such declaration and its consequences have not been rescinded and annulled, each of the Obligors agrees that the Trustee may (and shall, subject to the terms hereof, upon written direction by a Majority of the Noteholders), to the extent permitted by applicable law, exercise one or more of the following rights, privileges and remedies:

(i)    institute Proceedings for the collection of all amounts then payable on the Notes or otherwise payable under this Indenture, whether by declaration or otherwise, enforce any judgment obtained, and collect from the Collateral monies adjudged due;

(ii)    sell all or a portion of the Collateral or rights of interest therein, at one or more public or private sales called and conducted in any manner permitted by law and in accordance with Section 5.15 and the UCC;

(iii)    institute Proceedings from time to time for the complete or partial foreclosure of this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents with respect to the Collateral;

(iv)    exercise any remedies of a secured party under the UCC and take any other appropriate action to protect and enforce the rights and remedies of the Secured Parties hereunder; and

(v)    to the extent not inconsistent with subclauses (i) through (iv), exercise any other rights and remedies that may be available at law or in equity.

The Trustee may, but need not, obtain and rely upon an opinion or advice of an Independent investment banking firm of national reputation as to the feasibility and recommended manner of any action proposed to be taken in accordance with this Section 5.4 and as to the sufficiency of the Collections and other amounts receivable with respect to the Collateral to make the required payments of principal and interest on the Notes, which opinion shall be conclusive evidence as to such feasibility or sufficiency and the fees and expenses of any firm so retained shall be Administrative Expenses.

(b)    Upon any sale, whether made under the power of sale hereby given or by virtue of judicial proceedings, any Secured Party, to the extent permitted by the UCC, may bid for and purchase the Collateral or any part thereof and, upon compliance with the terms of sale, may hold, retain, possess

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or dispose of such property in its or their own absolute right without accountability; and any purchaser at any such sale may, in paying the purchase money, turn in any of the Notes in lieu of cash equal to the amount which shall, upon distribution of the net proceeds of such sale, be payable on the Notes so turned in by such Holder (taking into account any amounts payable prior to such Secured Party in accordance with the Priority of Payments). Said Notes, in case the amounts so payable thereon shall be less than the amount due thereon, shall be returned to the Holders thereof after proper notation has been made thereon to show partial payment.

The Obligors recognize that, by reason of certain prohibitions contained in the Securities Act and applicable federal, foreign or state securities laws, or otherwise, the Trustee, at the written direction of the Majority of Noteholders, may determine that a public sale is impracticable, not desirable or not commercially reasonable and may be compelled, with respect to any sale of all or any part of the Collateral, to limit purchasers to those who will agree, among other things, to acquire the Collateral for their own account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. The Obligors acknowledge that any such private sales may be at prices and on terms less favorable to the Obligors than those obtainable through a public sale without such restrictions, and, notwithstanding such circumstances, agree that any such private sale shall be deemed to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner and that the Trustee, without the direction of the Majority of Noteholders, shall have no obligation to engage in public sales and no obligation to delay the sale of any Collateral for the period of time necessary to permit the issuer thereof to register it for public sale.

Section 5.5    Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of the Notes.

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Notes may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Notes or the production thereof in any Proceeding relating thereto, and any such Proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as Trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment, subject to the payment of the reasonable expenses, disbursements and compensation of the Trustee, each predecessor Trustee and its agents and attorneys in counsel, shall be applied as set forth in Section 5.6.

Section 5.6    Application of Money Collected.
The application of any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article V and any money that may then be held or thereafter received by the Trustee hereunder shall be applied on one or more dates fixed by the Trustee (which may be dates other than Interest Payment Dates, and which may be dates directed by a Majority of Noteholders in writing to the Trustee) and otherwise in accordance with the Priority of Payments. For the avoidance of doubt, any such application of money under this Indenture shall be made only in accordance with the Priority of Payments.

Section 5.7    Limitation on Suits.
No Noteholder shall have any right to institute any Proceedings, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or Trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

(a)    such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default;


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(b)    except as otherwise provided in Section 5.8, the Holders of at least 50% of the Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes shall have made a written request to the Trustee to institute Proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as the Trustee hereunder;

(c)    such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request, provided that an unsecured agreement to indemnify from an institutional investor with a net worth in excess of $100,000,000 may be deemed satisfactory in the sole discretion of the Trustee for such purpose;

(d)    the Trustee for 30 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such Proceeding; and

(e)    no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 30‑day period by a Majority of the Noteholders;

it being understood and intended that no one or more Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holders of the Notes or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other Holders of the Notes or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all the Holders of the Notes, subject to and in accordance with Section 13.1 and otherwise in accordance with the Priority of Payments.

In the event the Trustee shall receive conflicting or inconsistent requests and indemnity pursuant to this Section 5.7 from two or more groups of Holders of the Notes, each representing less than a Majority of the Notes, the Trustee shall act on the direction of the group of Holders representing the greater percentage of the Notes and if the groups shall represent the same percentage, the Trustee in its sole discretion may determine what action, if any, shall be taken, notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture.

Section 5.8    Unconditional Rights of Holders of the Notes to Receive Principal and Interest.
Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Note shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on such Note as such principal, Make-Whole Amount and interest become due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

Section 5.9    Restoration of Rights and Remedies.
If the Trustee or any Holder of the Notes has instituted any Proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such Proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder of the Notes then and in every such case the Obligors, the Trustee and such Holder of the Notes shall, subject to any determination in such Proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders of the Notes shall continue as though no such Proceeding had been instituted.


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Section 5.10    Rights and Remedies Cumulative.
No right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders of the Notes is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing by law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

Section 5.11    Delay or Omission Not Waiver.
No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article V or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

Section 5.12    Control by Noteholders.
A Majority of the Noteholders shall have the right to cause the institution of and direct the time, method and place of conducting any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust, right, remedy or power conferred on the Trustee, provided that:

(a)    such direction shall be in writing and shall not be in conflict with any applicable law or with this Indenture;

(b)    the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by it that is not inconsistent with such direction or this Indenture, provided that, subject to Section 6.1, it need not take any action that it reasonably determines might involve it in liability;

(c)    the Trustee shall have been provided with indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it, provided that an unsecured agreement to indemnify from an institutional investor with a net worth in excess of $100,000,000 may be deemed satisfactory in the sole discretion of the Trustee for such purpose; and

(d)    any direction to the Trustee to undertake a sale of the Collateral shall be by the Noteholders secured thereby representing the percentage of the Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes specified in Section 5.4.

Section 5.13    Undertaking for Costs.
All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Note by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 5.13 shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder of the Notes, or group of Holders

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of the Notes, holding in the aggregate more than 10% of the Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes, or to any suit instituted by any Holder of the Notes for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Note on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the applicable Redemption Date).

Section 5.14    Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws.
Each Obligor covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants, the performance of or any remedies under this Indenture; and each Obligor (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waive all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

Section 5.15    Sale of Collateral.
The power to effect any sale of any portion of the Collateral pursuant to Section 5.4 shall not be exhausted by any one or more sales as to any portion of such Collateral remaining unsold, but shall continue unimpaired until the entire Collateral shall have been sold or all amounts secured by the Collateral shall have been paid. The Trustee may and shall, upon written direction of a Majority of the Noteholders, from time to time postpone any sale. The Trustee hereby expressly waives its rights to any amount fixed by law as compensation for any sale, provided that the Trustee shall be authorized to deduct the reasonable costs, charges and expenses incurred by it in connection with such sale from the proceeds thereof notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6.7. The Trustee may bid for and acquire any portion of the Collateral in connection with a public sale thereof. The Trustee may hold, lease, operate, manage or otherwise deal with any property so acquired in any manner permitted by law in accordance with this Indenture. The Trustee shall execute and deliver an appropriate instrument of conveyance transferring its interest, without recourse, representation or warranty, in any portion of the Collateral in connection with a sale thereof. In addition, the Trustee is hereby irrevocably appointed the agent and attorney‑in‑fact of each Obligor to transfer and convey such Obligor’s interest in any portion of the Collateral in connection with a sale thereof, and to execute and deliver any instruments and take all action (whether in its name or in the name of such Obligor) necessary to effect such sale. No purchaser or transferee at such a sale shall be bound to ascertain the Trustee’s authority, to inquire into the satisfaction of any conditions precedent or see to the application of any monies.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article V, in connection with the sale of the Collateral following an acceleration of the Notes, one or more Affiliates of the Issuer designated by it shall have the right (which right, for avoidance of doubt, shall be forfeited if not exercised within the specified timeframe) to bid to purchase all of the Collateral within five Business Days after the Issuer’s receipt of notice of such acceleration. If such bid is for an amount at least equal to all unpaid Secured Obligations (other than unclaimed contingent Secured Obligations), including any applicable accrued Additional Interest and/or interest at the Default Rate through the expected date of settlement, the Trustee, at the direction of the Majority of Noteholders shall accept such bid.

Section 5.16    Action on the Notes.
The Trustee’s right to seek and recover judgment on the Notes or under this Indenture shall not be affected by the seeking or obtaining of or application for any other relief under or with

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respect to this Indenture. Neither the lien of this Indenture nor any rights or remedies of the Trustee or the Holders of the Notes shall be impaired by the recovery of any judgment by the Trustee against any Obligor or by the levy of any execution under such judgment upon any portion of the Collateral or upon any of the assets of any Obligor.

ARTICLE VI.

THE TRUSTEE
Section 6.1    Certain Duties and Responsibilities.
(a)    Except during the continuance of an Event of Default actually known to a Trust Officer of the Trustee:

(i)    the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture or any Transaction Document against the Trustee; and

(ii)    in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, provided that in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they substantially conform on their face to the requirements of this Indenture and shall promptly notify the party delivering the same if such certificate or opinion does not conform. If a corrected form shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within fifteen days after such notice from the Trustee, the Trustee shall so notify the Noteholders.

(b)    In case an Event of Default actually known to a Trust Officer of the Trustee has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall, prior to the receipt of directions, if any, from a Majority of the Noteholders, exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

(c)    No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(i)    this subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect of subsection (a) of this Section 6.1;

(ii)    the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Trust Officer, unless it shall be proven that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

(iii)    the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with advice of counsel or an Opinion of Counsel, the direction of the Obligors or the Servicer and/or a Majority (or such larger or smaller percentage as may be

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expressly required by the terms hereof) of the Noteholders relating to its obligations as set forth herein and relating to the time, method and place of conducting any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents;

(iv)    no provision of this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or under any other Transaction Document, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it (provided that an unsecured agreement to indemnify from an institutional investor with a net worth in excess of $100,000,000 (or such greater amount as the Trustee shall have determined is the amount at risk or of such liability) may be deemed satisfactory in the sole discretion of the Trustee for such purpose) unless such risk or liability relates to its ordinary services, including delivery of notices under Article V under this Indenture; and
(v)    in no event shall the Trustee be liable for special, indirect, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including loss profits) even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such damages and regardless of the form of such action.

(d)    For all purposes under this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice or knowledge of any Default or Event of Default described in 5.1(d), 5.1(e), 5.1(g) or 5.1(k) unless a Trust Officer of the Trustee assigned to and working in the Corporate Trust Office has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such an Event of Default or Default is received by a Trust Officer of the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office, and such notice references the Notes generally, the Issuer, the Collateral or this Indenture. For purposes of determining the Trustee’s responsibility and liability hereunder, whenever reference is made in this Indenture to such an Event of Default or a Default, such reference shall be construed to refer only to such an Event of Default or Default of which the Trustee is deemed to have notice as described in this Section 6.1.

(e)    Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 6.1 and Section 6.3.

(f)    The Trustee shall within a commercially reasonable time (and in any event within two Business Days) deliver to the Holders a copy of any notice it receives in connection with or pursuant to any of the Transaction Documents.
    
Section 6.2    Notice of Default.
Promptly (and in no event later than three Business Days) after the occurrence of any Default actually known to a Trust Officer of the Trustee or after any declaration of acceleration has been made or delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 5.2, the Trustee shall transmit by mail, telecopy or e-mail to the Servicer and to all Holders of the Notes, as their names and addresses appear on the Register, notice of all Defaults hereunder actually known to a Trust Officer of the Trustee, unless such Default shall have been cured or waived (in which case notice that such Default has been cured or waived shall promptly be provided to the Servicer and the Obligors).

Section 6.3    Certain Rights of Trustee.

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Except as otherwise provided in Section 6.1:

(a)    the Trustee may request and conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, note or other paper or document reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

(b)    any request or direction of the Obligors mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Issuer Order or Officer’s Certificate, as the case may be;

(c)    whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall (i) deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officer’s Certificate or Issuer Order or (ii) be required to determine the value of any Collateral or funds hereunder or the cashflows projected to be received therefrom, the Trustee may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely on reports, opinions or advice of nationally recognized accountants, investment bankers or other persons qualified to provide the information required to make such determination, including nationally recognized dealers in securities of the type being valued and securities or loan pricing quotation services;

(d)    as a condition to the taking or omitting of any action by it hereunder, the Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

(e)    the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise or to honor any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture or to institute, conduct or defend any litigation hereunder or in relation hereto at the request or direction of any of the Noteholders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Noteholders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against all costs, expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) and liabilities which might reasonably be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction, provided that an unsecured agreement to indemnify of an institutional investor with a net worth in excess of $100,000,000 may be deemed satisfactory in the sole discretion of the Trustee for such purpose;

(f)    the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, note or other paper or documents, but the Trustee, upon the written direction of a Majority of the Noteholders, shall make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit or as it shall be directed (which shall be reimbursable as an Administrative Expense), and the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, on reasonable prior notice to the Servicer, copies of the books and records of the Servicer relating to the Notes and the Collateral, and on reasonable prior notice to the Obligors, to examine the books and records relating to the Notes and the Collateral and the premises of the Obligors personally or by agent or attorney during the Obligors’ normal business hours, provided that (x) the Trustee shall, and shall cause its agents, to hold in confidence all such information, except (i) to the extent disclosure may be required by law or by any regulatory or governmental authority and (ii) except to the extent that the Trustee in its sole judgment may determine that such disclosure is consistent with its obligations hereunder, and (y) the Trustee may disclose on a confidential basis any such information to its agents, attorneys and auditors in connection with the performance of its responsibilities

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hereunder (so long as such agents, attorneys and auditors have agreed, or are under an obligation, to maintain such information on a confidential basis);

(g)    the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys, provided that the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;

(h)    the Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith that it reasonably believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers hereunder;

(i)    for the avoidance of doubt, any permissive right or discretionary act of the Trustee to take or refrain from taking any actions enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as a duty and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any such action or inaction other than its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct with respect to the performance of such act;

(j)    the Trustee shall not be responsible for the accuracy of the books or records of, or for any acts or omissions of, any Intermediary (other than the Bank acting in such capacity);

(k)    in making or disposing of any investment permitted by this Indenture, the Trustee is authorized to deal with itself (in its individual capacity) or with any one or more of its Affiliates, whether it or such Affiliate is acting as a subagent of the Trustee or for any third person or dealing as principal for its own account. If otherwise qualified, obligations of the Bank or any of its Affiliates shall qualify as Eligible Investments hereunder;

(l)    the Trustee shall not be liable for the actions or omissions of the Servicer, and without limiting the foregoing, the Trustee shall not (except to the extent expressly provided in this Indenture) be under any obligation to monitor, evaluate or verify compliance by the Servicer with the terms hereof or the Servicing Agreement, or to verify or independently determine the accuracy of information received by it from the Servicer (or from any selling institution, agent bank, trustee or similar source) with respect to the Collateral and the Trustee shall have no additional duties following the resignation or removal of the Servicer;

(m)    the Trustee shall have no duty (i) to see to any recording, filing, or depositing of this Indenture or any other Transaction Document referred to herein or any Financing Statement or continuation statement evidencing a security interest, or to see to the maintenance of any such recording or filing or depositing or to any rerecording, refiling or redepositing of any thereof or (ii) to see to any insurance;
(n)    the Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the execution of this Indenture or the powers granted hereunder;

(o)    nothing herein shall be construed to impose an obligation on the part of the Trustee to recalculate, evaluate, verify or independently determine the accuracy of any report, certificate or information received from the Obligors or Servicer;

(p)    the Trustee shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Indenture arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its reasonable control, including acts of God; earthquakes; fires; floods; wars; civil

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or military disturbances; sabotage; epidemics; riots; interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, computer (hardware or software) or communications service; accidents; labor disputes; acts of civil or military authority or governmental actions (it being understood that the Trustee shall use commercially reasonable efforts to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances);

(q)    the Trustee or its Affiliates are permitted to receive additional compensation that could be deemed to be in the Trustee’s economic self-interest for (i) serving as investment adviser, administrator, shareholder, servicing agent, custodian or sub-custodian with respect to certain of the Eligible Investments, (ii) using Affiliates to effect transactions in certain Eligible Investments and (iii) effecting transactions in certain Eligible Investments. Such compensation is not payable or reimbursable under Section 6.7 of this Indenture;

(r)    to help fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, the Trustee will obtain, verify, and record information that identifies individuals or entities that establish a relationship or open an account with the Trustee. The Trustee will ask for the name, address, tax identification number and other information that will allow the Trustee to identify the individual or entity who is establishing the relationship or opening the account. The Trustee may also ask for formation documents such as articles of incorporation, an offering memorandum, or other identifying documents to be provided;

(s)    notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, any and all communications (both text and attachments) by or from the Trustee that the Trustee in its sole discretion deems to contain confidential, proprietary, and/or sensitive information and sent by electronic mail may be encrypted; the recipient of the e-mail communication will be required to complete a one-time registration process; and information and assistance on registering and using the e-mail encryption technology can be found at the Trustee’s secure website or phone numbers identified on the Schedule A hereto;

(t)    the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice or knowledge of any matter unless a Trust Officer of the Trustee assigned to administer this Indenture has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice thereof is received by a Trust Officer of the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office and such notice references the Notes generally, the Obligors or this Indenture;

(u)    the Trustee shall not have any obligation to determine if the conditions specified in the definition of “Deliver” have been complied with; and

(v)    the Trustee shall not have any responsibility to any Obligor or the Secured Parties hereunder to make any inquiry or investigation as to, and shall have no obligation in respect of, the terms of any engagement of Independent accountants by the Obligors (or the Servicer on behalf of the Obligors), provided that the Trustee shall be authorized, upon receipt of an Issuer Order directing the same, to execute any acknowledgment or other agreement with the Independent accountants required for the Trustee to receive any of the reports or instructions provided for herein, which acknowledgment or agreement may include, among other things, (i) acknowledgements by the Obligors with respect to the sufficiency of the agreed upon procedures to be performed by the Independent accountants, (ii) releases of claims (on behalf of itself and to the extent properly directed by the requisite Noteholders, the Noteholders) and other acknowledgments of limitations of liability in favor of the Independent accountants, or (iii) restrictions or prohibitions on the disclosure of information or documents provided to it by such firm of Independent accountants (including to the Noteholders). It is understood and agreed that the Trustee will deliver such acknowledgement or other agreement in conclusive reliance on the foregoing direction of the Obligors, and the Trustee shall make no inquiry or investigation as to, and shall

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have no obligation in respect of, the sufficiency, validity or correctness of such procedures. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Trustee be required to execute any agreement in respect of the Independent accountants that the Trustee determines adversely affects it in its individual capacity.

Section 6.4    Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of the Notes.
The recitals contained herein and in the Notes, other than the Certificate of Authentication thereon with respect to the Trustee, shall be taken as the statements of the Obligors , and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for their correctness. Except as set forth in Section 6.13, the Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture (except as may be made with respect to the validity of the Trustee’s obligations hereunder), of the Collateral or of the Notes. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Obligors of the Notes or the proceeds thereof or any money paid to the Obligors pursuant to the provisions hereof.

Section 6.5    May Hold Notes.
The Trustee, Registrar or any other agent of the Obligor, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of the Notes and may otherwise deal with the Obligors or any of their respective Affiliates, with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Registrar or such other agent.

Section 6.6    Money Held in Trust.
Money held by the Trustee hereunder shall be held in trust to the extent required herein. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed upon with the Obligors and except to the extent of income or other gain on investments that are deposits in or certificates of deposit of the Trustee in its commercial capacity and income or other gain actually received by the Trustee on Eligible Investments.

Section 6.7    Compensation and Reimbursement.
(a)    The Obligors agree:

(i)    to pay the Trustee on each Payment Date, the compensation set forth in the Trustee Fee Letter (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

(ii)    except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee (subject to any written agreement between the Obligors and the Trustee) in a timely manner upon its request for all reasonable expenses, costs, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture relating to the maintenance and administration of the Collateral, the administration of the terms of this Indenture, the performance of its duties hereunder, or in the enforcement of any provision hereof or exercise of any rights or remedies hereunder (including securities transaction charges and the reasonable compensation and expenses and disbursements of its agents and legal counsel and of any accounting firm or investment banking firm employed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 5.4 or 5.15, except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith); and


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(iii)    to indemnify the Trustee (both in its individual capacity and as Trustee) and its officers, directors, employees and agents for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, liability or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, including costs and attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred in connection with any action, suit or proceeding brought by the Trustee to enforce any indemnification by, or other obligation of, the Obligors with respect hereto or thereto and the costs of defending any claim) incurred without negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on their part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust, Indenture, Collateral or the transactions contemplated thereby, including the costs and expenses of defending themselves against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder or under any other Transaction Document.

(b)    The Obligors shall pay the Trustee the fees and expenses specified in this Section 6.7 in accordance with Section 11.1 of this Indenture.

(c)    The Trustee hereby agrees not to cause the filing of a petition in bankruptcy against any of the Obligors for the non‑payment to the Trustee of any amounts provided by this Section 6.7 until at least one year and one day (or, if longer, the applicable preference period) after the Payment in Full of all of the Notes.

(d)    The amounts payable to the Trustee on any Payment Date pursuant to Section 6.7(a) shall not exceed the amounts permitted to be applied to such Administrative Expenses on such Payment Date as provided in and in accordance with the Priority of Payments, and the Trustee shall have a lien ranking senior to that of the Holders upon all property and funds held or collected as part of the Collateral to secure payment of amounts payable to the Trustee under Section 6.7 not to exceed such amount with respect to any Payment Date, provided that (x) the Trustee shall not institute any Proceeding for the enforcement of such lien except in connection with an action pursuant to Section 5.3 for the enforcement of the lien of this Indenture for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and (y) the Trustee may only enforce such a lien in conjunction with the enforcement of the rights of Holders in the manner set forth in Sections 5.4. For the avoidance of doubt, any amount payable to the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.7(a) and not paid on any Payment Date pursuant to this paragraph shall remain outstanding and be payable on the next Payment Date (subject to the limitations of this paragraph and the Priority of Payments).

The Trustee Fee shall be computed on the basis of 30 days elapsed in each month of the applicable Collection Period divided by 360, and fees applicable to periods shorter or longer than each quarterly period shall be prorated based on the number of days within such period. Subject to Section 6.1(c)(iv) and Section 6.9, the Trustee shall continue to serve as Trustee under this Indenture notwithstanding the fact that the Trustee shall not have received amounts due it hereunder, provided that nothing herein shall impair or affect the Trustee’s rights under Section 6.9. No direction by a Majority of the Noteholders shall affect the right of the Trustee to collect amounts owed to it under this Indenture.

The payment of any fee or expense due to the Trustee is subject to the availability of funds and the Priority of Payments. If, on any date when a fee shall be payable to the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture, insufficient funds are available for the payment thereof, any portion of a fee not so paid shall be deferred and payable, together with compensatory interest thereon (at a rate not to exceed the federal funds rate), on such later date on which a fee shall be payable and sufficient funds are available therefor. The Obligors’ obligations under this Section 6.7 shall survive the termination of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.9.


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Section 6.8    Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility.
There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be an organization, corporation, association or other entity Independent of the Obligor, organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any state thereof, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least U.S.$200,000,000, subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority, having a long term senior unsecured debt rating of at least “BBB” by S&P or KBRA or “Baa2” by Moody’s and having an office within the United States. If such organization, corporation, association or other entity publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section 6.8, the combined capital and surplus of such organization, corporation, association or other entity shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent published report of condition. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.8, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article VI.

Section 6.9    Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.
(a)    No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee under Section 6.10. The indemnification in favor of the Trustee in Section 6.7 shall survive any resignation or removal of the Trustee (to the extent of indemnified liabilities, costs, expenses and other indemnified amounts arising or incurred prior to, or arising as a result of actions or omissions occurring prior to, such resignation or removal).

(b)    The Trustee may resign at any time by giving 30 days’ prior written notice thereof to the Obligors, the Noteholders and the Servicer.

(c)    The Trustee may be removed at any time by Act of a Majority of the Noteholders.

(d)    If at any time:

(i)    the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 6.8 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Obligors or by a Majority of the Noteholders; or

(ii)    the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged as bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver or liquidator of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation;

then, in any such case (subject to Section 6.9(a)), (A) the Issuer, by Issuer Order, may remove the Trustee or (B) subject to Section 5.12, any Holder may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

(e)    Upon (i) receiving any notice of resignation of the Trustee, (ii) any determination that the Trustee be removed, or (iii) any vacancy in the position of Trustee, then the Obligors shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by an Authorized Officer of each Obligor, one copy of which shall be delivered to the Trustee so resigning and

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one copy to the successor Trustee or Trustees, provided that such successor Trustee shall be appointed (i) only upon the written consent of a Majority of the Noteholders, and (ii) subject to the approval of the Servicer, not to be unreasonably withheld by the Servicer. If the Obligors shall fail to appoint a successor Trustee within 30 days after such notice of resignation, determination of removal or the occurrence of a vacancy, a successor Trustee may be appointed by Act of a Majority of the Noteholders with the consent of the Servicer (not to be unreasonably withheld). If no successor Trustee shall have been appointed and an instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 60 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, determination of removal or the occurrence of a vacancy, then the Trustee to be replaced, or any Noteholder, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time that an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing, a Majority of the Noteholders shall have, in lieu of the Obligors, the Obligors’ rights to appoint a successor Trustee, such rights to be exercised by notice delivered to the Obligors and the retiring Trustee. Any successor Trustee shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with Section 6.10, become the successor Trustee and supersede any predecessor Trustee.

(f)    The Obligors shall give prompt notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee and each appointment of a successor Trustee (which shall be subject to the approval of the Servicer, not to be unreasonably withheld) to the Servicer and to the Holders of the Notes as their names and addresses appear in the Register. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee and the address of its Corporate Trust Office. If the Obligors fail to deliver any such notice within 10 days after acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee, the successor Trustee shall cause such notice to be given at the expense of the Obligors.

(g)    Any resignation or removal of the Trustee under this Section 6.9 shall be an effective resignation or removal of the Bank in all capacities under this Indenture.

Section 6.10    Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.
Every successor Trustee appointed hereunder shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Obligors and the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment. Upon delivery of the required instruments, the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts, duties and obligations of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of the Obligors or a Majority of the Noteholders or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of all fees, expenses and indemnification then unpaid, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee, and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder, subject nevertheless to its lien, if any, provided for in Section 6.7(d). Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Obligors shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts.

Section 6.11    Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business of Trustee.
Any corporation or association into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee (which for purposes of this Section 6.11 shall be deemed to be the Trustee) shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided that such corporation

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shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article VI, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any of the Notes have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Notes so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Notes.

Section 6.12    Co‑Trustees and Separate Trustee.
At any time or times, for the purpose of meeting the legal requirements of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Collateral may at the time be located, the Obligors and the Trustee (which for purposes of this Section 6.12 shall be deemed to be the Trustee) shall have power to appoint one or more Persons to act as co-Trustee jointly with the Trustee of all or any part of the Collateral, with the power to file such proofs of claim and take such other actions pursuant to Section 5.4 and to make such claims and enforce such rights of action on behalf of the Noteholders subject to the other provisions of this Section 6.12.

The Obligors shall join with the Trustee in the execution, delivery and performance of all instruments and agreements necessary or proper to appoint a co-Trustee. If the Obligors do not join in such appointment within 15 days after the receipt by it of a request to do so, the Trustee shall have power to make such appointment.

The Obligors shall, on request, execute, acknowledge and deliver any and all instruments required by any co-Trustee so appointed to confirm the applicable property, title, right or power attributable to the co-Trustee. The Obligors agree to pay for any reasonable fees and expenses in connection with such appointment.

Every co-Trustee shall, to the extent permitted by law, but to such extent only, be appointed subject to the following terms:

(a)    the Notes shall be authenticated and delivered by, and all rights, powers, duties and obligations hereunder in respect of the custody of securities, cash and other personal property held by, or required to be transferred to or pledged with, the Trustee hereunder, shall be exercised solely by, the Trustee;

(b)    the rights, powers, duties and obligations hereby conferred or imposed upon the Trustee in respect of any property covered by the appointment of a co-Trustee shall be conferred or imposed upon and exercised or performed by the Trustee or by the Trustee and such co-Trustee jointly in the case of the appointment of a co-Trustee, except to the extent that under any law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act is to be performed, the Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such act, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations shall be exercised and performed by a co-Trustee;

(c)    the Trustee at any time, by an instrument in writing executed by it, with the concurrence of the Issuer evidenced by an Issuer Order with a copy to the Servicer, may accept the resignation of or remove any co-Trustee appointed under this Section 6.12, and in case an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall have the power to accept the resignation of, or remove, any such co-Trustee without the concurrence of any Obligor. A successor to any co-Trustee so resigned or removed may be appointed in the manner provided in this Section 6.12;


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(d)    no co-Trustee hereunder shall be personally liable by reason of any act or omission of the Trustee hereunder;

(e)    the Trustee shall not be liable by reason of any act or omission of a co-Trustee; and

(f)    any Act of the Noteholders delivered to the Trustee shall be deemed to have been delivered to each co-Trustee.

Section 6.13    Representations and Warranties of the Trustee.
The Trustee represents and warrants that: (a) the Trustee is a national banking association or a state‑chartered banking association or corporation with trust powers, duly and validly existing under the laws of the United States or a state thereof, with corporate power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Indenture, and is duly eligible and qualified to act as Trustee under this Indenture; (b) this Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Trustee and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of the Trustee, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms except (i) as limited by bankruptcy, fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer, insolvency, reorganization, liquidation, receivership, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, and (ii) that the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought; (c) neither the execution or delivery by the Trustee of this Indenture nor performance by the Trustee of its obligations under this Indenture requires the consent or approval of, the giving notice to or the registration or filing with, any governmental authority or agency under any existing law of the United States or any state thereof governing the banking or trust powers of the Trustee; and (d) as of the Closing Date, the Trustee is eligible under Section 6.8 to serve as Trustee hereunder.
        
Section 6.14    Representative for Holders of the Notes Only; Agent for all other Secured Parties.
With respect to the security interests created hereunder, the pledge of any item of Collateral to the Trustee is to the Trustee as representative of the Holders of the Notes and agent for each of the other Secured Parties; in furtherance of the foregoing, the possession by the Trustee of any item of Collateral, the endorsement to or registration in the name of the Trustee of any item of Collateral are all undertaken by the Trustee in its capacity as representative of the Holders of the Notes and agent for each of the other Secured Parties. The Trustee shall have no fiduciary duties to any Person, provided that the foregoing shall not limit any of the express obligations of the Trustee under this Indenture.

Section 6.15    Right of Trustee in Capacity of Registrar, Intermediary or Bank.
In the event that the Trustee is also acting in the capacity of Registrar, Intermediary or Bank hereunder, the rights, protections, immunities or indemnities afforded to the Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall also be afforded to the Trustee in its capacity as Registrar, Intermediary or Bank.



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ARTICLE VII.

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS
Section 7.1    Payment of Principal and Interest.
The Issuer will duly and punctually pay the principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Notes and this Indenture. The Obligors shall pay interest on overdue principal and any Make-Whole Amount at the Default Rate and shall pay interest on overdue installments of interest (excluding Additional Interest) at the Default Rate to the extent lawful. Amounts otherwise payable in accordance with Section 11.1, properly withheld under the Code, the United States Treasury Regulations under the Code or other applicable law, by the Obligors, the Trustee, or any other Person from a payment to any Holder of the Notes of interest, principal, and/or any other distribution shall be considered as having been paid by the Obligors to such Holder for all purposes of this Indenture, and the Obligors shall not be obligated to pay any additional amounts to such Holder or any beneficial owner of the Notes as a result of any withholding or deduction for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges.

Section 7.2    Compliance With Laws.
Each Obligor will comply with applicable laws, rules, regulations, writs, judgments, injunctions, decrees, awards and orders with respect to it, its business and its properties, except to the extent any such failure to comply would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 7.3    Independent Manager.

Each Obligor will at all times maintain two Independent Managers which may be the same Independent Managers for each Obligor, provided that no Obligor shall be in breach of this covenant if an Independent Manager resigns, is unable to serve as an Independent Manager or is otherwise incapacitated so long as such Obligor and its governing body replaces such Independent Manager promptly thereafter in accordance with such Obligor’s Constitutive Documents.

Section 7.4    Compliance With Constitutive Documents.

Each Obligor will at all times comply with its Constitutive Documents, except to the extent any such failure to comply would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 7.5    Reserved.

Section 7.6    Maintenance of Books and Records; Maintenance of Office or Agency.
(a)    The Obligors shall maintain and implement administrative and operating procedures reasonably necessary in the performance of its obligations under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, and each Obligor shall keep and maintain or cause to be kept and maintained at all

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times in the registered office of such Obligor specified in its respective Constitutive Documents, all documents, books, records, accounts and other information as are required under applicable law.

(b)    The Obligors shall maintain an office or agency at 9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor New York, New York 10019. The Obligors shall give prior written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Obligors shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations and surrenders may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office and the Obligors hereby appoint the Trustee as their agent to receive all such presentations and surrenders.

Section 7.7    Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust.
All payments of amounts due and payable with respect to any Notes that are to be made from amounts withdrawn from the Collection Accounts shall be made on behalf of the Obligors.

Section 7.8    Existence of Obligors, Etc.
(a)    Each Obligor shall maintain its legal existence in good standing as a Delaware limited liability company and take all reasonable steps to hold itself out to the public as a legal entity separate and distinct from any other Person, including its member. Each Obligor shall keep its principal place of business at the address specified on Schedule A. Each Obligor shall keep separate books and records and will not commingle its respective funds with those of any other Person.

(b)    Each Obligor shall (i) file its own income tax returns, if any, as may be required under applicable law, to the extent not treated as a disregarded entity or a division, or part of, for tax purposes of another taxpayer, and pay any material taxes so required to be paid under applicable law solely from its own assets; (ii) except with respect to each other Obligor (as expressly permitted by this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents) not commingle its assets with assets of any other Person; (iii) conduct its business solely in its own name and strictly comply with all organizational formalities necessary to maintain its separate existence (and all such formalities have been complied with since the Obligor’s formation); (iv) maintain separate financial statements (it being understood that, if an Obligor’s financial statements are part of a consolidated group with its Affiliates, then (1) any such consolidated statements shall contain a note indicating such Obligor’s separateness from any such Affiliates and that its assets are not available to pay the debts of any such Affiliate, except to the extent of its equity interest and (2) the Obligor’s assets shall also be listed on its own separate balance sheet, if any); (v) except with respect to each other Obligor (as expressly permitted by this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents) pay its own liabilities only out of its own funds and only enter into contracts or agreements with affiliates in the ordinary course of business and upon terms and conditions that are intrinsically fair, commercially reasonable and substantially similar to those that would be obtained on an arm’s length basis with unaffiliated third parties; (vi) maintain an arm’s-length relationship with its Affiliates; (vii) except with respect to each other Obligor (as expressly permitted by this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents) not hold out its credit or assets as being available to satisfy the obligations of others; (viii) allocate fairly and reasonably shared expenses with Affiliates (including, without limitation shared office space); (ix) use separate invoices and checks bearing its own name and not of any other entity (unless such entity is clearly designated as being the Obligor’s agent); (x) except with respect to each other Obligor (as expressly permitted by this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents) not pledge its assets as security for the obligations of any other Person; (xi) intend to maintain adequate capital in light of its contemplated business purpose, transactions and liabilities and pay its operating

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expenses and liabilities solely from its own assets; (xii) not take any Material Action without the affirmative vote of its Independent Manager; and (xiii) hold all of its assets solely in its own name.

Section 7.9    Protection of Collateral. Each Obligor shall cause the taking of such action as is reasonably necessary in order to maintain the perfection and priority of the security interest of the Trustee in the Collateral. Each Obligor shall from time to time execute and deliver all such supplements and amendments hereto and file or authorize the filing of all such Financing Statements, continuation statements, instruments of further assurance and other instruments, and shall take such other action as may be necessary or advisable or desirable, to secure the rights and remedies of the Trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties hereunder and to:
(i)
Grant more effectively all or any portion of the Collateral;
(ii)
maintain, preserve and perfect any Grant made or to be made by this Indenture including the first priority nature of the lien or carry out more effectively the purposes hereof;
(iii)
perfect, publish notice of or protect the validity of any Grant made or to be made by this Indenture (including any and all actions necessary or desirable as a result of changes in law or regulations);
(iv)
enforce any of the Collateral;
(v)
preserve and defend title to the Collateral and the rights therein of the Secured Parties against the claims of all Persons and parties; or
(vi)
pay or cause to be paid any and all taxes levied or assessed upon all or any part of the Collateral.
Each Obligor authorizes its counsel to file a Financing Statement in the appropriate jurisdiction in connection with the Grant pursuant to this Indenture that names such Obligor as “Debtor” and the Trustee on behalf of the Secured Parties as “Secured Party” and that identifies “all assets” as the collateral Granted to the Trustee. Each Obligor further appoints the Trustee as its agent and attorney-in-fact for the purpose of preparing and filing any other Financing Statement, continuation statement or other instrument as may be required pursuant to this Section 7.9(a).
Section 7.10    Debt Service Coverage Ratio. The Obligors shall not permit the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for any Interest Payment Date to be less than [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to such Interest Payment Date, provided that the Obligors shall be deemed in compliance with this Section 7.10 if, on or prior to the applicable Determination Date, the Obligors shall have received aggregate cash equity contributions from the respective Funding Companies that if treated as additional Collections during the immediately preceding Collection Period would have resulted in the Debt Service Coverage Ratio for such Interest Payment Date being greater than or equal to [***]:1.00 as set forth in a Calculation Officer’s Certificate delivered to a Trust Officer of the Trustee on or prior to such Interest Payment Date.

Section 7.11    Performance of Obligations


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The Obligors may contract with other Persons, including the Servicer, for the performance of actions and obligations to be performed by the Obligors hereunder or any other Transaction Document by such Persons and the performance of the actions and other obligations with respect to the Collateral of the nature set forth in the Servicing Agreement by the Servicer. Notwithstanding any such arrangement, the Obligors shall remain primarily liable with respect thereto. In the event of such contract, the performance of such actions and obligations by such Persons shall be deemed to be performance of such actions and obligations by the Obligors; and the Obligors will punctually perform, and use their commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Servicer or such other Person to perform, all of their obligations and agreements contained in the Servicing Agreement or such other agreement.

Section 7.12    Negative Covenants. No Obligor shall:

(i)    sell, transfer, assign, participate, exchange or otherwise dispose of, or pledge, mortgage, hypothecate or otherwise encumber (by security interest, lien (statutory or otherwise), preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever or otherwise) (or permit such to occur or suffer such to exist) (“Transfer”), any part of the Collateral except liens granted pursuant to this Indenture; provided that, nothing in this section shall
prevent an Obligor from Transferring all or any part of the Collateral to another Obligor, provided further
that the recipient Obligor shall ensure that such Collateral is Delivered to the Trustee in accordance
with Section 3.2(b);

(ii)    claim any credit on, or make any deduction from, the principal, Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest payable or amounts distributable in respect of the Notes (other than amounts required to be withheld in accordance with the Code or any other applicable law) or assert any claim against any present or future Noteholder by reason of the payment of any taxes levied or assessed upon any part of the Collateral (other than taxes levied or assessed in respect of amounts required to be deducted or withheld from the principal or interest payable in respect of the Notes required pursuant to the Code and other applicable laws);

(iii)    (A) incur or assume or guarantee any indebtedness or any contingent obligations, other than the Notes or pursuant to this Indenture or obligations under the other Transaction Documents or (B) issue any additional securities (other than the issuance of its equity on the date hereof and any Additional Notes), it being understood that additional capital contributions to the Obligors and the issuance of equity not constituting a Change of Control in respect thereof are not prohibited by this clause (iii);

(iv)    (A) permit the validity or effectiveness of this Indenture or any other Transaction Document or any Grant hereunder or thereunder to be impaired, or permit the lien of this Indenture or under any other Transaction Document to be amended, hypothecated, subordinated, terminated or discharged, or permit any Person to be released from any covenants or obligations with respect to this Indenture or any other Transaction Document, except as may be expressly permitted hereby, (B) permit any lien, charge, adverse claim, security interest, mortgage or other encumbrance (including any preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever or otherwise, other than the lien of this Indenture or the liens under any other Transaction Document) to be created on or extend to or otherwise arise upon or burden the Collections, the Collateral or any part thereof, any interest therein or the proceeds thereof, or (C) take any action that would cause the lien of this Indenture or any other Transaction Document not to constitute a valid

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perfected security interest in the Collateral that is of first priority, free of any adverse claim or the legal equivalent thereof, as applicable, except as may be expressly permitted hereby (or in connection with a disposition of Collateral required hereby);

(v)    make or incur any capital expenditures, except as reasonably required to perform its functions in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents;

(vi)    become liable in any way, whether directly or by assignment or as a guarantor or other surety, for the obligations of the lessee under any lease or hire any employees (other than in accordance with this Indenture) it being understood that if any Obligor requires employees to conduct its business, it shall hire such employees and compensate them solely from its own assets;

(vii)    enter into any transaction with any Affiliate other than (A) the Transaction Documents, (B) the transactions relating to the offering and sale of the Notes or (C) transactions on terms that are not materially less favorable to the applicable Obligor than those obtainable in an arm’s length transaction with a wholly unaffiliated Person;

(viii)    maintain any bank accounts other than the Accounts;

(ix)    change its name without delivering to the Trustee 10 Business Days prior notice thereof and thereafter promptly filing appropriate amendments to all previously filed financing statements and continuation statements and any additional financing statements in the appropriate jurisdiction, as applicable;

(x)    fail to pay any tax, assessment, charge or fee with respect to the Collateral, or fail to defend any action, if such failure to pay or defend will adversely affect the priority or enforceability of the lien over the Collateral created by this Indenture;

(xi)    provide any instructions pursuant to Section 6.1 of each Lower Tier Transfer Agreement without the prior written consent of the Majority of the Noteholders, except for any instructions not adverse to the Noteholders;

(xii)    acquire any assets or take any action that would require it to register as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act;

(xiii)    fail to correct any known misunderstanding regarding its separate identity;

(xiv)    identify itself as a division or department of any other Person;
            
(xv)    maintain its assets in such a manner that will be costly or difficult to segregate, ascertain or identify its individual assets from those of any other Person; or

(xvi)    acquire or form any subsidiary.

Without limiting the foregoing, no Obligor shall (A) engage in any transaction with any Person that would constitute a conflict of interest (provided that its entering into and performance of its obligations under the Transaction Documents shall not be deemed to be a transaction that would

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constitute a conflict of interest) or (B) pay distributions on its equity interests other than in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and its Constitutive Documents.

Section 7.13    No Consolidation.
No Obligor shall consolidate or merge with or into any other Person or, other than the security interest Granted to the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture, convey or transfer all or substantially all of its assets to any Person.

Section 7.14    No Other Business; Etc.
No Obligor shall engage in any business or activity other than issuing the Notes pursuant to this Indenture and selling the Notes, and acquiring, owning, holding, selling, pledging, contracting for the management of and otherwise dealing with Participations and other Collateral in connection therewith and such other activities which are necessary, required or advisable to accomplish the foregoing, provided that the Obligors shall be permitted to enter into any additional agreements not expressly prohibited by Section 7.12. No Obligor shall amend, or permit the amendment of, its Constitutive Documents without prior written consent of each Holder (unless such amendment could not reasonably be expected to materially adversely affect any of such Obligor, the Collateral or the interests of the Trustee and Obligor therein and notice thereof has been given to the Trustee and each Holder). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Obligor will amend its Constitutive Documents without giving notice to the Servicer and the Noteholders.

Section 7.15    Compliance with Servicing Agreement.
Each of the Obligors agrees to perform all actions required to be performed by it, and to refrain from performing any actions prohibited, under the Servicing Agreement. Each Obligor also agrees to take all actions as may be necessary to ensure that all of such Obligor’s representations and warranties made pursuant to the Servicing Agreement are true and correct as of the date thereof and continue to be true and correct for so long as any Notes are Outstanding. Each Obligor further agrees not to authorize or otherwise to permit the Servicer to act in contravention of the representations, warranties and agreements of the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement.

Section 7.16    Information.
The Obligors shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to a confidential data room that each Noteholder has access to:
(a)     within 90 days after the end of each quarterly fiscal period in each fiscal year of the Funding Companies (other than the last quarterly fiscal period of each such fiscal year), duplicate copies of, an unaudited (x) combined balance sheet of the Funding Companies at the end of such quarter (including a footnote thereto denoting the total assets of the Obligors), and (y) combined statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Funding Companies for such quarter, prepared in accordance with GAAP applicable to quarterly financial statements generally, subject to the absence of footnotes (except as required above) and to changes resulting from year-end adjustments and certified by an Authorized Officer as fairly presenting, in all material respects, the financial position of the companies being reported on and their results of operations and cash flows;

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(b)    within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Funding Companies, duplicate copies of an audited (x) combined balance sheet of the Funding Companies at the end of such year (including a footnote thereto denoting the total assets of the Obligors), and (y) combined statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Funding Companies for such year, prepared in accordance with GAAP, and accompanied by an opinion thereon (without a “going concern” or similar qualification or exception and without any qualification or exception as to the scope of the audit on which such opinion is based) of independent public accountants of recognized national standing, which opinion shall state that such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the companies being reported upon and their results of operations and cash flows and have been prepared in conformity with GAAP, and that the examination of such accountants in connection with such financial statements has been made in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, and that such audit provides a reasonable basis for such opinion in the circumstances; and
(c)    promptly, and in any event within 5 days after an Authorized Officer becoming aware of the existence of any Default or Event of Default or that any Person has given any notice or taken any action with respect to a claimed default hereunder, a written notice specifying the nature and period of existence thereof and what action the Obligors are taking or propose to take with respect thereto.
Each set of financial statements delivered to a Holder of a Note pursuant to Section 7.16(a) or Section 7.16(b) shall be accompanied by a certificate of an Authorized Officer certifying that such Authorized Officer has reviewed the relevant terms hereof and has made, or caused to be made, under his or her supervision, a review of the transactions and conditions of the Obligors from the beginning of the quarterly or annual period covered by the statements then being furnished to the date of the certificate and that such review shall not have disclosed the existence during such period of any condition or event that constitutes a Default or an Event of Default or, if any such condition or event existed or exists, specifying the nature and period of existence thereof and what action the Obligors shall have taken or proposes to take with respect thereto.
Section 7.17    Rating.
(a)    The Issuer shall obtain a confidential private rating by the Rating Agency on the Closing Date of [***] for the Initial Notes and shall continue to maintain a confidential private rating thereafter until the Secured Obligations are Paid in Full. The Obligors shall provide the Rating Agency with any information as to the Obligors’ affairs as may be reasonably requested by the Rating Agency in connection with such ratings. The Trustee shall have no obligation to monitor or confirm that such rating has been obtained. On the Closing Date and annually thereafter if requested by any Noteholder, the Obligors shall provide to each Noteholder a copy of a letter evidencing such confidential private rating, which letter shall (i) include a reference to the private placement number for the Notes and (ii) be in a form that may be provided to the SVO.
(b)    The Issuer shall obtain a confidential private rating by the Rating Agency on the date of any Additional Issuance, as may be specified in the related note purchase agreement and supplemental indenture for any Additional Notes and shall continue to maintain a confidential private rating as set forth in Section 7.17(a). The Obligors shall provide the Rating Agency with any information as to the Obligors’ affairs as may be reasonably requested by the Rating Agency in connection with such ratings. The Trustee shall have no obligation to monitor or confirm that such rating has been obtained.
Section 7.18    Certain Tax Matters.

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(a)    Each Obligor shall timely file, or cause to be filed, all income tax returns and other material information statements and material tax returns relating to such Obligor’s income and assets required by any governmental authority and shall pay or cause to be paid any material amounts of taxes required to be paid on income derived from the Collateral, except to the extent any such taxes are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and with respect to which any Obligor, as the case may be, has established adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP.

(b)    For United States federal, state and local income tax purposes (i) (x) the Issuer shall be treated as a disregarded entity within the meaning of U.S. Treasury Regulation section 301.7701-3 of APH Funding 1, LLC and (y) each of APH Finance 2, LLC and APH Finance 3, LLC shall be treated as disregarded entities of a foreign partnership within the meaning of U.S. Treasury Regulation section 301.7701-3, (ii) APH Funding 1, LLC shall be treated as a foreign partnership and each of APH Funding 2, LLC and APH Funding 3, LLC shall be treated as disregarded entities of a foreign partnership within the meaning of U.S. Treasury Regulation section 301.7701-3 and, with respect to APH Funding 3, LLC, all of the income of such foreign entity is allocable (directly or through one or more other entities that are partnerships or disregarded entities for such purposes) to persons that are United States persons within the meaning of section 7701(a)(30) of the Code and (iii) the Notes (and any Additional Notes) issued by the Issuer shall be treated as indebtedness of the Funding Company as to which the Issuer is a disregarded entity. None of the Obligors shall take any action or adopt any position for such purposes contrary to the foregoing treatment in this Section 7.18(b), unless required by a “determination” within the meaning of Section 1313 of the Code.
        
Section 7.19    Additional Guarantors.    Additional Persons may be added as Guarantors hereunder, without the prior written consent of the Trustee or any Noteholder; provided that the following conditions are satisfied on or before the date of such addition:
(a)    such proposed additional Guarantor shall have executed and delivered to the Trustee and each Purchaser an agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (an “Assumption Agreement”);
(b)    such proposed additional Guarantor shall have delivered to the Trustee and each Purchaser an Officer’s Certificate certifying as to (i) such proposed additional Guarantor’s Constitutive Documents as then in effect and (ii) copies of such customary certificates of resolutions or other action and incumbency certificates of such proposed additional Guarantor evidencing the identity, authority and capacity of each Authorized Officer thereof authorized to act as an Authorized Officer in connection with this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to which such proposed additional Guarantor is to be a party and authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of such Transaction Documents, and that such resolutions have not been modified, rescinded or amended and are in full force and effect;
(c)    such proposed additional Guarantor shall have executed and delivered to the Trustee and each Purchaser a lower tier transfer agreement substantially in the form of the Lower Tier Transfer Agreements signed on the Closing Date;
(d)    such proposed additional Guarantor shall have established a collection account that is either subject to the Blocked Account Control Agreement or another account control agreement that is substantially similar thereto;
(e)    such proposed additional Guarantor shall have executed and delivered to the Trustee and each Purchaser copies of any other instrument or document, fully executed (as applicable),

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necessary to consummate and perfect the Grant set forth in the Granting Clauses of this Indenture of a perfected security interest that is of first priority, free of any adverse claim or the legal equivalent thereof in favor of the Trustee on behalf of the Holders of the Notes in all of such proposed additional Guarantor’s right, title and interest in and to the Collateral pledged to the Trustee for inclusion in the Collateral, including compliance with the provisions of Section 3.2;
(f)    such proposed additional Guarantor shall not be a “Debtor Party” as defined in the Opinion of Counsel relating to substantive consolidation delivered with respect to the Obligors on the Closing Date; and
(g)    each Noteholder and the Trustee shall have received opinions covering corporate, security interest, true sale and non-consolidation matters with respect to the additional Guarantor by counsel in the relevant jurisdiction in substantially the same form as those opinions delivered on the Closing Date covering such matters.
Section 7.20    Representations Relating to Security Interests in the Collateral. Each Obligor hereby represents and warrants that, as of the Closing Date (which representations and warranties shall survive the execution of this Indenture and be deemed to be repeated on each date on which Collateral is Granted to the Trustee hereunder):
(i)    Such Obligor shall continue to own all applicable Collateral free and clear of any lien, claim or encumbrance of any Person, other than such as are created under this Indenture.

(ii)    Such Obligor shall not authorize the filing of, and shall promptly notify the Trustee after actual knowledge thereof, of any Financing Statements against such Obligor that include a description of collateral covering the Collateral other than any Financing Statement relating to the security interest Granted to the Trustee hereunder or that has been terminated, and such Obligor shall promptly notify to a Trust Officer of the Trustee after actual knowledge thereof of any judgment, PBGC liens or tax lien filings against such Obligor.

(iii)    Such Obligor will cause, within ten days after the Closing Date, the filing of all appropriate Financing Statements in the proper filing office in the appropriate jurisdictions under applicable law in order to perfect the security interest in the Collateral Granted to the Trustee for the benefit and security of the Secured Parties.

(iv)    Such Obligor shall not allow the Accounts to be in the name of any Person other than the Obligors or the Trustee. The Obligor shall not consent to the Intermediary complying with the Entitlement Order of any Person other than the Trustee.

Section 7.21    Certain Regulations.
The terms of Sections 5.10, 5.19, 5.20 of the Note Purchase Agreement are incorporated herein by reference, mutatis mutandis, and the parties hereto agree to such terms for the benefit of the Trustee.
ARTICLE VIII.

AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
Section 8.1    Form.

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(a)    Any provision of this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents may be amended, modified or waived if such amendment, modification or waiver is in writing and signed by, to the extent required by this Section 8.1, the Trustee, and in the case of an amendment, by the parties hereto or thereto, as applicable, or in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom the waiver is to be effective, provided that any Transaction Document to which the Trustee is not a party may be amended, modified or waived without the Trustee’s consent to:

(i)    add to the covenants of the Subject Parties or add additional rights or benefits for the benefit of the Secured Parties;
(ii)    cure any ambiguity, or cure, correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision contained in such Transaction Document so long as such cure, correction or supplement does not adversely affect the rights of the Noteholders in any material respect; or
(iii)    amend, modify or otherwise accommodate changes to such Transaction Document that are not reasonably likely to be material and adverse to Noteholders to comply with any law, rule or regulation enacted by the U.S. federal government or any other state or agency thereof or non-U.S. government or any U.S. or non-U.S. regulatory agency that is applicable to the Obligors or the transactions contemplated therein (including the Dodd-Frank Act and commodity pool rules);
(iv)    provide for additional Funding Companies and Finance Companies for purposes of effecting the transfer of Other Funds pursuant to the Support Letter.
Any purported amendment, modification or waiver that is not in compliance with this Section 8.1 will be void ab initio.

(b)    Amendments, Supplements, Waivers Without Consent of Noteholders. Without the consent of any of the Noteholders, the Obligors, when duly authorized, and the Trustee may, from time to time and at any time, enter into one or more supplemental indentures or amendments to this Indenture or, to the extent applicable and not covered by paragraph (a) above, any of the other Transaction Documents to:

(i)    add to the covenants of the Obligors or the Trustee or add additional rights or benefits for the benefit of the Secured Parties;
(ii)    convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any property permitted to be acquired under this Indenture to or with the Trustee or add to the conditions, limitations or restrictions on the authorized amount, terms and purposes of the issue, authentication and delivery of the Notes, provided that, if any Notes would be materially and adversely affected by such amendment or supplemental indenture entered into pursuant to this clause (ii), the consent to such amendment or supplemental indenture has been obtained from a Majority of the Noteholders so affected pursuant to Section 8.1(c);
(iii)    evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Sections 6.9, 6.10 and 6.12 hereof;
(iv)    correct or amplify the description of any property at any time subject to the lien of this Indenture, or to better assure, convey and confirm unto the Trustee any property subject or

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required to be subjected to the lien of this Indenture (including any and all actions necessary or desirable as a result of changes in law or regulations, whether pursuant to Section 7.9 or otherwise) or to subject to the lien of this Indenture any additional property permitted to be acquired under this Indenture;
(v)    cure any ambiguity, or cure, correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision contained in this Indenture, the Transaction Documents or in the Notes so long as such cure, correction or supplement does not adversely affect the rights of the Noteholders in any material respect;
(vi)    amend, modify or otherwise accommodate changes to this Indenture that are not reasonably likely to be material and adverse to Noteholders to comply with any law, rule or regulation enacted by the U.S. federal government or any other state or agency thereof or non-U.S. government or any U.S. or non-U.S. regulatory agency that is applicable to the Obligors, Notes or the transactions contemplated herein (including the Dodd-Frank Act and commodity pool rules);
(vii)     change the day of the month on which reports are required to be delivered under this Indenture, provided that such change does not decrease the frequency with which such reports are required to be delivered; or
(viii)     provide for the Additional Notes in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.
In addition to the foregoing, without the consent of any Noteholder, the Obligors and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more supplements hereto to amend the Priority of Payments following the Closing Date in order to provide for supplemental scheduled payments of principal of Additional Notes and/or the reallocation of a specified percentage of cash flow to pay principal of Additional Notes upon the occurrence of specified trigger events to be set forth in the related indenture supplement subject to satisfaction of the conditions precedent to issuance of such Additional Notes set forth in this Indenture, provided that no such amendment shall adversely affect the rights of any Holder of Outstanding Notes without the prior written consent of each such Noteholder, provided, further that any amendment to the Priority of Payments to provide for allocations or payments that are senior to any amount payable to the Holders of Outstanding Notes shall be deemed to adversely affect the rights of such Holders for purposes of the immediately preceding proviso.
Prior to the execution of any proposed supplemental indenture or amendment pursuant to this Section 8.1(b), the Trustee, at the expense of the Obligors, shall deliver to the Noteholders and the Servicer a copy of such proposed supplemental indenture or amendment, as applicable, together with an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuer (addressed to the Trustee, the Servicer and the Noteholders) certifying that such amendment or modification is permitted without Noteholder consent under Section 8.1(b).
(c)    Amendments, Supplements and Waivers With Consent of Noteholders. With the consent of the Majority of the Noteholders, the Obligors, when duly authorized, and the Trustee may, from time to time and at any time, enter into one or more supplemental indentures or amendments, for the purpose of supplementing or amending any provisions to or changing in any manner or waiving compliance with or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents or consenting to an amendment or modification of the Constitutive Documents of any Obligor (to the extent required thereby), provided, however, that without the consent of each Noteholder, no such supplemental indenture or amendment shall:

(i)     reduce the rate or change the time of payment of any interest on any of the Notes;

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(ii)     modify any provisions of this Indenture or the Notes with respect to the payment of the Notes;

(iii)     permit the creation of any lien on the Collateral equal or prior to the lien of this Indenture or deprive any of the Noteholders of a lien on the Collateral;

(iv)     change the percentage of principal amount of the Notes then outstanding required to consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver or to take any action in respect of any other matter hereunder;

(v)     amend or modify Section 5.1, Section 5.6, this Section 8.1 or the respective definitions of “Outstanding” or “Majority of Noteholders” in Article I or the definition of “Noteholder”;

(vi)    amend or modify Article XI; unless such amendment or modification could not reasonably be expected to materially adversely affect any Noteholder;

(vii)     reduce the principal of or change the Maturity of any or reduce the Make-Whole Amount payable upon the redemption of the Notes or change the time at which the Notes may be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture, provided that any amendment to the minimum notice requirement may be made with the consent of the Holders of a Majority of the Notes;

(viii)    (x) waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest on the Notes, except a rescission of acceleration of the Notes by the Holders of at least a Majority of the Notes, or (y) amend, modify or waive any covenant or provision contained in this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents which cannot be amended or modified in accordance with its terms without the consent of each Holder of Notes;

(ix)    make the Notes payable in money other than that stated therein;

(x)    amend the contractual right of any Holder expressly set forth in this Indenture and the Notes to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment of principal, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on such Holder’s Notes on or after the due dates therefor;

(xi)    make any change to or modify the ranking of the Notes that would adversely affect the Holders; or

(xii)    modify the documents governing the Collateral in any way adverse to the Holders.

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section 8.1(c) to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or waiver, and it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.

The Obligors will not directly or indirectly pay or cause to be paid any remuneration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, or grant any security, to any Noteholder as consideration for or as an inducement to the consent by such Noteholder to any waiver, consent, amendment, supplement or

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supplemental indenture unless such remuneration is concurrently paid, or security is offered, on the same terms, ratably to each Noteholder.

Promptly after the execution by the Obligors and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture or other amendment of the Transaction Documents, the Trustee, at the expense of the Obligors, shall deliver to the Holders of the Notes and the Servicer a copy of such supplemental indenture or other amendment. Any failure of the Trustee to publish or deliver such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture or other amendment.

Section 8.2    Execution of Supplemental Indentures.
In executing or accepting the additional trusts created by any supplemental indenture or amendment to other Transaction Documents permitted by this Article VIII or the modifications thereby, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying upon an Officer’s Certificate stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture or other amendment to a Transaction Document is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents and that all conditions precedent thereto have been complied with. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into (or consent to the entry into) any such supplemental indenture or other amendment to a Transaction Document which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

Section 8.3    Effect of Supplemental Indentures.
Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article VIII, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of the Notes theretofore and thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.

Section 8.4    Revocation and Effect of Consents.
Until an amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder is a continuing consent by the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a portion of a Note that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Note, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Note. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent as to its Note if the Trustee receives written notice of revocation before the date the waiver, supplement or amendment becomes effective. An amendment, supplement or waiver becomes effective in accordance with its terms and thereafter binds every Holder.


Section 8.5    Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures.
Notes authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article VIII may, and if required by the Issuer shall, bear a notation in form approved by the Issuer as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Issuer shall so determine, new Notes, so modified as to conform in the opinion of the Trustee and the Issuer to any such supplemental indenture, may be prepared and executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Notes.

Section 8.6    Effect on the Servicer.

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Unless the Servicer has been given prior written notice of such amendment and has consented thereto in writing, no supplemental indenture may (1) affect the obligations or rights of the Servicer under this Indenture or the Servicing Agreement including modifying the restrictions on the acquisitions of Additional Participations (including the definition of “Participation”) or expanding or restricting the Servicer’s discretion, (2) affect the amount or priority of any fees or other amounts payable to the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement and this Indenture or (3) otherwise materially and adversely affect the Servicer.

ARTICLE IX.

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES
Section 9.1    Optional Redemption.
At any time on or after the Closing Date, the Issuer may redeem the Notes in whole or in part (but in no case less than 5% of the outstanding principal amount of Notes), at their option, upon not less than ten nor more than sixty days’ prior notice, with a copy to the Trustee, to each Holder of Notes to the address of such Holder appearing in the Register, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to but excluding, the date of redemption (the “Redemption Price”) plus the relevant Make-Whole Amount, if any, and, if such redemption is for all Outstanding Notes, together with all other amounts otherwise due and payable on the Redemption Date.


Any redemption of Notes may, at the Issuer’s discretion, be subject to one or more conditions precedent. If such redemption or notice is subject to satisfaction of one or more conditions precedent, such notice shall state that, in the Issuer’s discretion, the Redemption Date may be delayed until such time as any or all such conditions shall be satisfied or waived by the Issuer in its sole discretion, or such redemption may not occur and such notice may be modified or rescinded in the event that any or all such conditions shall not have been satisfied (or waived by the Issuer in its sole discretion) by the Redemption Date, or by the Redemption Date so delayed.

Section 9.2    Notice by the Issuer of Optional Redemption.
The Issuer shall notify the Trustee and the Trustee shall forward the notice received by the Trustee of any Optional Redemption by overnight courier or by first‑class mail, postage prepaid, and at the expense of the Issuer, mailed to each Noteholder at such Noteholder’s address in the Register or e-mailed to such Noteholder at such Noteholder’s e-mail address in the Register, in each case not less than 10 days prior and not more than 60 days prior to the applicable Redemption Date.

All notices of redemption shall state:

(a)    the Redemption Date;

(b)    the Redemption Price;

(c)
the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed;

(d)    the Section of this Indenture pursuant to which the Notes are to be redeemed; and

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(e)    any conditions to the redemption of the Notes.

Such redemption notice shall be accompanied by a certificate of an Authorized Officer of the Issuer as to the estimated Make-Whole Amount (if any) due in connection with such redemption (calculated as if the date of such notice were the Redemption Date), setting forth the details of such computation. Two Business Days prior to such redemption, the Issuer shall deliver, or cause the Trustee to deliver, to each Holder of any Note a certificate of an Authorized Officer of the Issuer specifying the final calculation of such Make-Whole Amount as of the Redemption Date.

Failure to give notice of redemption, or any defect therein, to any Holder of any Note selected for redemption shall not impair or affect the validity of the redemption of any other Note.

Section 9.3    [Reserved].
Section 9.4    Notes Payable on Redemption Date.
Notice of redemption having been given pursuant to Section 9.2 and not withdrawn the Notes so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become irrevocably due and payable at the applicable Redemption Price, subject to the satisfaction of any conditions stated in such notice, and from and after the Redemption Date (unless a default is made in the payment of any such amounts) such Notes shall cease to bear interest. In the case of each partial redemption of the Notes, the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed shall be allocated among all of the Notes at the time outstanding in proportion, as nearly as practicable, to the respective unpaid principal amounts thereof not theretofore called for redemption. If any Note called for Optional Redemption shall not be paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal thereof shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the Default Rate for so long as the Note remains Outstanding.
Section 9.5    Make-Whole Amount.
The Issuer hereby promises to pay the applicable Make-Whole Amount, if any, on any principal payment of the Notes hereunder pursuant to Section 9.1, provided that, no Make-Whole Amount shall be payable in connection with any repayment of principal as a result of (i) any Partial Cash Trap Event, Full Cash Trap Event, Rapid Amortization Event, Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event or acceleration upon an Event of Default or (ii) an Optional Redemption to the extent effected with funds from the Principal Reserve Account that were credited thereto as a result of any Partial Cash Trap Event, Full Cash Trap Event or Asset Coverage Event.
ARTICLE X.

ACCOUNTS, ACCOUNTINGS AND RELEASES
Section 10.1    Collection of Money.
Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Trustee may demand payment or delivery of, and shall receive and collect from the Servicer, directly and without intervention or assistance of any fiscal agent or other intermediary, all money and other property payable to or receivable by the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture. The Intermediary on behalf of the Trustee shall segregate and hold all such money and property received by it in the Accounts for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes and shall apply it as directed by the Servicer and as provided in this Indenture. If an Event of Default occurs,

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the Trustee, at the direction of the Majority of Noteholders, shall take such action as may be appropriate to enforce payment or performance, including the institution and prosecution of appropriate proceedings.

Notwithstanding anything else contained herein, the Trustee agrees that with respect to each of the Accounts, it shall cause the Intermediary establishing such accounts to enter into an Account Agreement and, if the Intermediary is the Bank, shall cause the Bank to comply with the provisions of such Account Agreement. The Trustee may open such subaccounts of any such Account as it deems necessary or appropriate for convenience of administration.

Each Account shall be established and maintained (a) with a federal or state-chartered depository institution with a short-term rating of at least “A-1” by S&P (or a long-term rating of at least “A+” by S&P if such institution has no short-term rating) and if such institution’s short-term rating falls below “A-1” by S&P (or its long-term rating falls below “A+” by S&P if such institution has no short-term rating), the assets held in such Account shall be transferred within 60 calendar days to another institution that has a short-term rating of at least “A-1” by S&P (or which has a long-term rating of at least “A+” by S&P if such institution has no short-term rating) or (b) with respect to securities accounts, in segregated trust accounts with the corporate trust department of a federal or state-chartered deposit institution subject to regulations regarding fiduciary funds on deposit, similar to Title 12 of the Code of Federal Regulation Section 9.10(b). Such institution shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least U.S.$200,000,000.

All investment or application of funds in accordance with Section 10.3 shall be made pursuant to an Officer’s Certificate (which may be in the form of standing instructions) executed by an Authorized Officer of the applicable Obligor or the Servicer on its behalf. The Obligors (or the Servicer on behalf of the Obligors) shall at all times direct the Trustee or the Intermediary, as applicable to, and, upon receipt of such Officer’s Certificate (which may be in the form of standing instructions), the Trustee or the Intermediary shall, invest or cause the investment of, pending application in accordance with Section 10.3, all funds received into the U.S. Bank Accounts during a Collection Period (except when such funds shall be required to be disbursed hereunder pursuant to an Intraperiod Distribution), and amounts received in prior Collection Periods and retained in any of the U.S. Bank Accounts as so directed, in Eligible Investments. If, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Obligors (or the Servicer on behalf of the Obligors) shall not have given any such investment directions, the Trustee shall seek instructions from the Obligors (or the Servicer on their behalf) within three Business Days after transfer of such funds to the applicable U.S. Bank Account. If the Trustee does not thereupon receive written instructions from the Obligors within five Business Days after transfer of such funds to such U.S. Bank Account, it shall invest and reinvest the funds held in such U.S. Bank Account, as fully as practicable, but only in one or more Eligible Investments maturing (as selected by the Obligors, or the Servicer on their behalf, in a writing delivered to the Trustee (which may be in the form of standing instructions) no later than the third Business Day prior to the next Interest Payment Date unless such Eligible Investments are issued by the Bank, in which event such Eligible Investments may mature up to the Business Day preceding such Interest Payment Date. After the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Trustee shall invest and reinvest, or cause the investment or reinvestment of, such monies as fully as practicable in Eligible Investments (as selected by the Obligors, or the Servicer on their behalf, in a writing delivered to the Trustee, which may be in the form of standing instructions) maturing not later than the earlier of (i) 30 days after the date of such investment or (ii) the third Business Day prior to the next Interest Payment Date unless such Eligible Investments are issued by the Bank, in which event such Eligible Investments may mature up to the Business Day preceding such Interest Payment Date. In the absence of any direction from the Obligors (or the Servicer on their behalf) the Trustee shall invest amounts held in each U.S. Bank Account in Eligible Investments of the type

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described in clause (b)(ii) of the definition thereof. All interest and other income from such Eligible Investments shall be transferred into the applicable U.S. Bank Accounts, and any gain realized from such investments shall be credited to the applicable U.S. Bank Account, and any loss resulting from such investments shall be charged to the applicable U.S. Bank Account. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Trustee shall not in any way be held liable by reason of any insufficiency of funds in any U.S. Bank Account resulting from any loss relating to any such investment; and the Trustee shall not be under any obligation to invest any funds held hereunder except as otherwise expressly set forth herein.

Section 10.2    Collection Accounts.
The Obligors have established at the Intermediary four securities accounts, (i) account number 233367001 designated as the “APH 1 Collection Account”, (ii) account number 233367002 designated as the “APH 2 Collection Account”, (iii) account number 233367003 designated as the “APH 3 Collection Account” and (iv) account number 233367000 designated as the “APH 1-3 Master Collection Account”, each of which shall be held by the Intermediary in accordance with the applicable Account Agreement. Each Collection Account shall be a “securities account” (as defined in Section 8-501 of the UCC) and the Intermediary shall be the “entitlement holder” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(7) of the UCC). Prior to the Closing Date, the Issuer will instruct each Purchaser (as defined in the Note Purchase Agreement) to transfer on the Closing Date the purchase price of the Notes it is purchasing on the Closing Date into the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account. On the Closing Date, the Servicer on behalf of the Issuer shall apply funds from the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account to (x) transfer the Initial Interest Reserve Amount into the Interest Reserve Account, (y) pay expenses of the Obligors incurred in connection with the establishment of the Obligors, the structuring and consummation of the offering and the issuance of the Notes and other transactions contemplated hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents and (z) distribute any remaining amounts to APH Funding 1, LLC as a distribution. Each Obligor shall, from time to time, hold all of its respective Collections in its corresponding Collection Account. In addition, each Obligor may, but under no circumstances shall be required to, hold or cause to be held from time to time such additional monies in its respective Collection Account as it deems, in its sole discretion, to be advisable. No later than five Business Days preceding each Payment Date, the Servicer shall instruct the Intermediary to transfer all amounts held in the APH 1 Collection Account as of the immediately preceding Collection Period End Date into the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account to be applied in accordance with the Priority of Payments; provided, that if there is a shortfall in the APH 1 Collection Account to make payments under clauses (a)(1) through (5) of the Priority of Payments without regard to any amounts on deposit in the Interest Reserve Account, then such shortfall shall be paid from the APH 2 Collection Account and the APH 3 Collection Account on a pro rata basis based on the amount of cash held in such Collection Accounts on such Payment Date. To the extent a Guarantor makes any such payment in respect of the foregoing, the Issuer shall be deemed to have a subordinated intercompany obligation to such Guarantor and each Obligor agrees that any such obligation shall be subject to the subordination terms set forth in Appendix 2. All property in the Collection Accounts, together with any securities in which funds included in such property are or will be invested or reinvested during the term of this Indenture, and any income or other gain realized from such investments, shall be held by the Intermediary in the Collection Account as part of the Collateral subject to disbursement and withdrawal solely as provided in this Section 10.2 and in Section 11.1. Amounts held in the Collection Accounts will be invested in Eligible Investments in accordance with the written instructions of the Servicer (which may be in the form of standing instructions). Unless and until (i) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or a Servicer Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and (ii) a Shifting Control Notice is delivered by the Trustee as defined in and in accordance with the applicable Account Agreement, the Intermediary shall be entitled to honor withdrawal, payment, transfer, or other instructions originated by the Servicer on behalf of an Obligor concerning the disposition of funds in each

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Collection Account, but on and after the effective time of a Shifting Control Notice following the occurrence and only during the continuation of an Event of Default or following the occurrence and only during the continuation of a Servicer Termination Event, as applicable, the Intermediary shall only honor instructions originated by the Trustee concerning the disposition of funds in each Collection Account, without further consent from the Servicer or any Obligor and neither the Servicer nor any Obligor shall have the right or ability to access, withdraw or transfer funds from the Collection Accounts. Nothing in this Section 10.2 shall constitute the consent by the Trustee to any distribution from the Collection Accounts not in compliance with the terms of this Indenture. In the event any Collections received are in the form of in-kind distributions that constitute marketable securities (as determined by the Servicer in its sole discretion), the Servicer shall use commercially reasonable efforts to dispose of such in-kind distributions in exchange for cash in a manner substantially consistent with any disposition of such in-kind distributions on behalf of investors in the applicable Investment Fund that are not Affiliates of Apollo, and remit the proceeds thereof net of the reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Servicer or its Affiliates in connection therewith, it being understood that the Servicer and its Affiliates shall have no liability or responsibility in the event that it is unable to dispose of such in-kind distributions or the amount of cash received is less than the value of the applicable instrument or different from the value received by any other investor in the applicable Investment Fund.

Section 10.3    Notes Payment Account, Principal Reserve Account and Interest Reserve Account.
(a)    The Issuer has established at the Intermediary a segregated trust account, account number 233367006 designated as the “Notes Payment Account”, which shall be held by the Intermediary in accordance with an Account Agreement. The Notes Payment Account shall be a “securities account” (as defined in Section 8-501 of the UCC) and the Intermediary shall be the “entitlement holder” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(7) of the UCC). The Notes Payment Account shall be under the exclusive “control” (as defined in Article 9 of the UCC) of the Intermediary for the benefit of the Secured Parties. Any and all funds at any time in, or otherwise to the credit of, the Notes Payment Account shall be held by the Intermediary for the benefit of the Secured Parties. On each Payment Date, the funds transferred to the Notes Payment Account from the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account, the Principal Reserve Account and the Interest Reserve Account, as applicable, in accordance with the Priority of Payments shall be applied by the Trustee to make payments to the Noteholders, ratably, of the aggregate payments of principal and interest then due and owing in respect of the Notes on such Payment Date as set forth in the Payment Date Report. Amounts held in the Notes Payment Account will be invested in Eligible Investments in accordance with the written instructions of the Servicer (which may be in the form of standing instructions). At all times, the Notes Payment Account shall remain at an institution that satisfies the requirements of Section 10.1.

(b)    The Issuer has established at the Intermediary a segregated trust account, account number 233367005 designated as the “Principal Reserve Account”, which shall be held by the Intermediary in accordance with an Account Agreement. The Principal Reserve Account shall be a “securities account” (as defined in Section 8-501 of the UCC) and the Intermediary shall be the “entitlement holder” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(7) of the UCC). The Principal Reserve Account shall be under the exclusive “control” (as defined in Article 9 of the UCC) of the Intermediary for the benefit of the Secured Parties. Any and all funds at any time in, or otherwise to the credit of, the Principal Reserve Account shall be held by the Intermediary for the benefit of the Secured Parties. Amounts transferred to the Principal Reserve Account pursuant to Section 11.1(a)(6)(A)(I)(y)(ii) or 11.1(a)(6)(A)(II)(2) shall be deemed to be “Exclusion Event Amounts” and such Exclusion Event Amounts shall be segregated in the Principal Reserve Account. Amounts held in the Principal Reserve Account may be applied on any date

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to (i) except with respect to Exclusion Event Amounts, effect an Optional Redemption or (ii) to make distributions to APH Funding 1, LLC in accordance with the Lower Tier Transfer Agreements up to the Current Purchase Amount so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and no Rapid Amortization Event has occurred, irrespective of whether a Full Cash Trap Event, a Partial Cash Trap Event, an Exclusion Event, an Asset Coverage Event or a Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event has occurred and is continuing on such date. Upon the granting of an Exclusion Event Consent the Exclusion Event Amounts in respect of such Exclusion Event may be applied to make distributions to APH Funding 1, LLC. No later than five Business Days preceding each Payment Date other than the Stated Maturity, the amounts held in the Principal Reserve Account (other than, so long as an Exclusion Event shall have occurred and be continuing and the Exclusion Event Consent Date shall not have occurred, the Exclusion Event Amounts) shall be transferred into the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account by the Trustee at the written direction of the Servicer, on behalf of the Issuer, to be applied in accordance with the Priority of Payments. On the Business Day prior to the Stated Maturity, amounts held in the Principal Reserve Account shall be transferred into the Notes Payment Account by the Trustee at the written direction of the Servicer pursuant to the Payment Date Report, on behalf of the Issuer, to make up any shortfall on such date for payment of the Notes until Paid in Full and any funds in excess of such amounts shall be transferred into the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account by the Trustee for application in accordance with Section 11.1. Amounts held in the Principal Reserve Account will be invested in Eligible Investments in accordance with the written instructions of the Servicer (which may be in the form of standing instructions). At all times, the Principal Reserve Account shall remain at an institution that satisfies the requirements of Section 10.1.

(c)    The Issuer has established at the Intermediary a segregated trust account, account number 233367004 designated as the “Interest Reserve Account”, which shall be held by the Intermediary in accordance with an Account Agreement. The Interest Reserve Account shall be a “securities account” (as defined in Section 8-501 of the UCC) and the Intermediary shall be the “entitlement holder” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(7) of the UCC). The Interest Reserve Account shall be under the exclusive “control” (as defined in Article 9 of the UCC) of the Intermediary for the benefit of the Secured Parties. The Issuer shall cause to be transferred the Initial Interest Reserve Amount and any Additional Notes Interest Reserve Amount as required pursuant to Sections 3.1(c) and 2.9(f) to the Interest Reserve Account. Any and all funds at any time held in, or otherwise to the credit of, the Interest Reserve Account shall be held by the Intermediary for the benefit of the Secured Parties. On each Interest Payment Date, the amounts held in the Interest Reserve Account shall be transferred into the Notes Payment Account by the Trustee at the written direction of the Servicer, on behalf of the Issuer, to make up any shortfall on such date in the funds available in the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account in accordance with the Priority of Payments to pay amounts required under Section 11.1(a)(4) as set forth in the Payment Date Report. Amounts held in the Interest Reserve Account will be invested in Eligible Investments in accordance with the written instructions of the Servicer (which may be in the form of standing instructions). On the Business Day prior to the Stated Maturity, amounts held in the Interest Reserve Account shall be transferred into the Notes Payment Account by the Trustee at the written direction of the Servicer, on behalf of the Issuer, to make up any shortfall on such date for payment of the Notes until Paid in Full and any funds in excess of such amounts shall be transferred into the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account for application in accordance with Section 11.1. At all times, the Interest Reserve Account shall remain at an institution that satisfies the requirements of Section 10.1.

Section 10.4    Accountings.

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If the Trustee shall not have received any accounting provided for in this Section 10.4 on the first Business Day after the date on which such accounting is due to the Trustee, the Issuer shall cause such accounting to be made by the applicable Interest Payment Date, as the case may be.

(a)    Intraperiod Reports. On each Business Day on which an Intraperiod Distribution is to be made, the Servicer on behalf of the Obligors shall compile, or cause to be compiled, a report (the “Intraperiod Report”) and then provide or make available such Intraperiod Report by electronic mail to the Trustee and the Noteholders, provided that an Intraperiod Report may be provided to any such party by posting such Intraperiod Report on the Trustee’s website and providing access thereto to such parties. Each Intraperiod Report shall be in the form of and contain the information set forth on Exhibit B-1 hereto, determined as of the close of business on the immediately preceding Business Day.

(b)    Payment Date Reports. Commencing with the first Payment Date following the Closing Date, not later than five Business Days preceding each Payment Date, the Servicer on behalf of the Issuer shall compile, or cause to be compiled, a report (the “Payment Date Report”) and the Servicer shall then provide or make available such Payment Date Report by electronic mail to the Trustee and the Noteholders, provided that a Payment Date Report may be provided to any such party by posting such Payment Date Report on the Trustee’s website and providing access thereto to such parties. Each Payment Date Report shall be in the form of and contain the information set forth on Exhibit B-2 hereto, determined as of the close of business on the immediately preceding Business Day.

(c)    Distribution of Reports and Other Information. The Trustee will make the Intraperiod Reports and the Payment Date Reports available via its internet website. To the extent that a Noteholder elects to receive email notifications upon registration with such website, a notification email shall be sent to such Noteholders upon the posting of any such information to the Trustee’s website. The Trustee’s internet website shall initially be https://pivot.usbank.com, and assistance in using the website can be obtained by calling the Trustee’s customer service desk at 800-934-6802. Parties that are unable to use the above distribution option are entitled to have a paper copy mailed to them via first class mail by calling the customer service desk and indicating such. The Trustee shall have the right to change the way such statements are distributed in order to make such distribution more convenient and/or more accessible to the above parties and the Trustee shall provide timely and adequate notification to all above parties regarding any such changes. As a condition to access to the Trustee’s internet website, the Trustee may require registration and the acceptance of a disclaimer. The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on but shall not be responsible for the content or accuracy of any information provided in the Intraperiod Reports and Payment Date Reports which the Trustee disseminates in accordance with this Indenture and may affix thereto any disclaimer it deems appropriate in its reasonable discretion. Any other reports, notices or other information delivered to it as Trustee hereunder or under any Transaction Document (including the Support Letter) may be posted to such website and shall be delivered to each Noteholder in accordance with Section 13.4 hereof.


ARTICLE XI.

APPLICATION OF MONIES
Section 11.1    Disbursements of Monies.
On each Payment Date, the Servicer on behalf of the Issuer shall direct the Intermediary to disburse funds from the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account (it being understood that only cash shall

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be applied pursuant to this Section 11.1), in accordance with the following priorities (collectively, the “Priority of Payments”) as set forth on the Payment Date Report:

(a)    On each Interest Payment Date and the Stated Maturity, the Servicer shall cause such amounts held in the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account to be applied as follows:

(1)    to the payment of taxes of the Obligors, if any, and any governmental fees;

(2)    ratably, to the payment of (i) the Trustee Fee and (ii) accrued and unpaid Administrative Expenses as of such Interest Payment Date, provided that total payments pursuant to this subclause (2)(ii) with respect to (A) any Person other than the Trustee shall not exceed the amount set forth in clause (a) of the definition of Administrative Expense Cap and (B) the Trustee shall not exceed the amount set forth in clause (b) of the definition of Administrative Expense Cap unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing;

(3)    to the payment to the Servicer of the current Servicing Fee in accordance with the terms of the Servicing Agreement, to the extent not waived by the Servicer;

(4)    to the Notes Payment Account for payment of accrued and unpaid interest (excluding any Additional Interest) on the Notes;

(5)    to transfer to the Interest Reserve Account, the amount necessary to cause the aggregate amount held therein to equal the Interest Reserve Amount at such time;

(6) (A)     if none of an Event of Default, a Rapid Amortization Event or a Full Cash Trap Event has occurred and is continuing; first, to the payment of any accrued and unpaid Administrative Expenses to the extent not paid pursuant to subclause (2) above, second,

(I) if no Partial Cash Trap Event has occurred and is continuing, to the Issuer to make a distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC, provided that if and to the extent a Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event has occurred and is continuing, then (x) first, [***]% of available amounts to be applied under this clause (I) shall be applied to the Notes Payment Account for the payment of the principal of the Notes until such time as the Notes are Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest) or the Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event is cured, and (y) second, the balance of available amounts shall be paid to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or in repayment of Subordinated Obligations, provided, further that if either (i) an Asset Coverage Event has occurred on the applicable Determination Date or would occur after giving effect to such distributions or (ii) an Exclusion Event has occurred and is continuing, the amount to be applied to APH Funding 1, LLC under this clause (I) shall not exceed the Current Purchase Amount and any additional amounts remaining in the Notes Payment Account after such application shall be credited to the Principal Reserve Account, or

(II) if a Partial Cash Trap Event has occurred and is continuing, then (x) [***]% of available amounts first, to the credit of the Principal Reserve Account (or, at the election of the Servicer, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes) until Paid in Full, and second, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or in repayment of Subordinated Obligations, and (y) [***]% of available amounts

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to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or in repayment of Subordinated Obligations, provided that if and to the extent the Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event has occurred and is continuing, then (i) first, [***]% of available amounts to be applied under this clause (II)(y) to the Notes Payment Account for the payment of the principal of the Notes until such time as the Notes are Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest) or the Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event is cured and (ii) second, the balance of available amounts shall be paid to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or in repayment of Subordinated Obligations, provided, further that if either (1) an Asset Coverage Event has occurred on the applicable Determination Date or would occur after giving effect to such distributions or (2) an Exclusion Event has occurred and is continuing, the amount to be applied under this clause (II)(y) (after giving effect to clause (i) of the first proviso above) shall not exceed the Current Purchase Amount and any additional amounts remaining in the Notes Payment Account after such application shall be credited to the Principal Reserve Account; or

(B)    if both no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and no Rapid Amortization Event has occurred and is continuing but the Full Cash Trap Event solely under clause (I) of the definition thereof has occurred and is continuing, then first, to the credit of the Principal Reserve Account (or, at the election of the Servicer, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes) until Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest), second, to the payment of any accrued and unpaid Administrative Expenses to the extent not paid pursuant to subclause (2) above, third, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the Secured Obligations until Paid in Full, and fourth, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or in repayment of Subordinated Obligations; or

(C)     if either an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or any Rapid Amortization Event has occurred and is continuing, then first, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes until Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest), second, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of accrued and unpaid Additional Interest, third, to the payment of any accrued and unpaid Administrative Expenses to the extent not paid pursuant to subclause (2) above, fourth, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the Secured Obligations until Paid in Full, and fifth, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or in repayment of Subordinated Obligations; or

(D)    if both no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and no Rapid Amortization Event has occurred but the Full Cash Trap Event under clause (II) of the definition thereof has occurred, then first, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes until Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest), second, to the Notes Payment Account for payment ratably of accrued and unpaid Additional Interest due on the Notes, third, to the payment of any accrued and unpaid Administrative Expenses to the extent not paid pursuant to subclause (2) above, fourth, to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the Secured Obligations until Paid in Full, and fifth, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or in repayment of Subordinated Obligations.

(b)    On each Redemption Date, pursuant to the procedures described in Article IX, such amounts shall be applied as follows:

(1)    to the payment of the amount referred to in Sections 11.1(a)(1), 11.1(a)(2) and 11.1(a)(3), in such order of priority;

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(2)    to the payment of any accrued and unpaid Administrative Expenses to the extent not paid pursuant to subclause (1) above; and
    
(3)    to the Notes Payment Account for payment of all or a portion of the Notes then Outstanding, as applicable, at the Redemption Price, together with Make-Whole Amount, if any.

If on any Interest Payment Date the amount available in the APH 1-3 Master Collection Account from amounts received in the related Collection Period is insufficient to make the full amount of the disbursements required by the statements furnished by the Issuer pursuant to Section 10.4(b), the Servicer shall instruct the Intermediary to make the disbursements called for in the order and according to the priority set forth under Section 11.1(a) above to the extent funds are available therefor.

Section 11.2    Intraperiod Distributions.
If none of a Partial Cash Trap Event, Full Cash Trap Event, Rapid Amortization Event or Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event occurred and was continuing on the prior Interest Payment Date and at such time no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Servicer on behalf of the Issuer may instruct the Intermediary in writing to release from the applicable Collection Account to the Funding Companies, as a distribution to the Funding Companies, an amount equal to the excess of (i) the cash proceeds of Collateral received into the Collection Accounts during the current Collection Period (less any prior Intraperiod Distributions for such Collection Period) over (ii) the then accrued amounts during such Collection Period (other than in respect of any Servicing Fee for such period that has been waived) of amounts payable under clauses (1) through (4) of the Priority of Payments on the next Interest Payment Date, provided that if either (x) an Asset Coverage Event has occurred and is continuing on such date or would occur after giving effect to such distributions or (y) an Exclusion Event has occurred and is continuing on such date, such Intraperiod Distribution shall not exceed the Current Purchase Amount (any such payment an “Intraperiod Distribution”).

ARTICLE XII.

GUARANTEES
Section 12.1    Guaranty of the Secured Obligations. The Guarantors jointly and severally hereby irrevocably and unconditionally guaranty to the Trustee, for the ratable benefit of the Trustee, the Holders of the Notes and the Bank in each of its other capacities under the Transaction Documents (collectively, the “Guaranteed Parties”) the due and punctual Payment in Full of the Secured Obligations when the same shall become due, whether at stated maturity, by required prepayment or redemption, declaration, acceleration, demand or otherwise (collectively, the “Guaranteed Obligations”).
Section 12.2    Payment by Guarantors. The Guarantors hereby jointly and severally agree, in furtherance of the foregoing and not in limitation of any other right which any Guaranteed Party may have at law or in equity against any Guarantor by virtue hereof, that upon the failure of the Issuer to pay any of the Guaranteed Obligations when and as the same shall become due, whether at stated maturity, by required prepayment or redemption, declaration, acceleration, demand or otherwise (including amounts that would become due but for the operation of the automatic stay under Section 362(a) of the Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C. § 362(a)), the Guarantors will upon demand pay, or cause to be paid in cash to the Trustee an amount equal to the sum of the unpaid principal amount of all Guaranteed Obligations then due as aforesaid,

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accrued and unpaid interest on such Guaranteed Obligations (including interest which, but for the Issuer’s becoming the subject of a case under the Bankruptcy Code, would have accrued on such Guaranteed Obligations, whether or not a claim is allowed against the Issuer for such interest in the related bankruptcy case) and all other Guaranteed Obligations then owed to the Guaranteed Parties as aforesaid and the Trustee shall apply such payments in accordance with the priorities set forth in the Priority of Payments.
Section 12.3    Liability of Guarantors Absolute. Each Guarantor agrees that its obligations hereunder are irrevocable, absolute, independent and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance which constitutes a legal or equitable discharge of a guarantor or surety other than Payment in Full of the Guaranteed Obligations. In furtherance of the foregoing and without limiting the generality thereof, each Guarantor agrees as follows:
(a)    this guaranty is a guaranty of payment when due and not of collectability. This guaranty is a primary obligation of each Guarantor and not merely a contract of surety;
(b)    the Trustee may enforce this guaranty upon the occurrence of an Event of Default notwithstanding the existence of any dispute between the Issuer and any Guaranteed Party with respect to the existence of such Event of Default;
(c)    the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder are independent of the obligations of the Issuer and the obligations of any other guarantor (including any other Guarantor) of the obligations of the Issuer, and a separate action or actions may be brought and prosecuted against such Guarantor whether or not any action is brought against the Issuer or any of such other guarantors and whether or not the Issuer is joined in any such action or actions;
(d)    payment by any Guarantor of a portion, but not all, of the Guaranteed Obligations shall in no way limit, affect, modify or abridge any Guarantor’s liability for any portion of the Guaranteed Obligations which has not been paid. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, if the Trustee is awarded a judgment in any suit brought to enforce any Guarantor’s covenant to pay a portion of the Guaranteed Obligations, such judgment shall not be deemed to release such Guarantor from its covenant to pay the portion of the Guaranteed Obligations that is not the subject of such suit, and such judgment shall not, except to the extent satisfied by such Guarantor, limit, affect, modify or abridge any other Guarantor’s liability hereunder in respect of the Guaranteed Obligations;
(e)    any Guaranteed Party, upon such terms as it deems appropriate, without notice or demand and without affecting the validity or enforceability hereof or giving rise to any reduction, limitation, impairment, discharge or termination of any Guarantor’s liability hereunder, from time to time may (i) renew, extend, accelerate, increase the rate of interest on, or otherwise change the time, place, manner or terms of payment of the Guaranteed Obligations; (ii) settle, compromise, release or discharge, or accept or refuse any offer of performance with respect to, or substitutions for, the Guaranteed Obligations or any agreement relating thereto and/or subordinate the payment of the same to the payment of any other obligations; (iii) request and accept other guaranties of the Guaranteed Obligations and take and hold security for the payment hereof or the Guaranteed Obligations; (iv) release, surrender, exchange, substitute, compromise, settle, rescind, waive, alter, subordinate or modify, with or without consideration, any security for payment of the Guaranteed Obligations, any other guaranties of the Guaranteed Obligations, or any other obligation of any Person (including any other Guarantor) with respect to the Guaranteed Obligations; (v) enforce and apply any security now or hereafter held by or for the benefit of such Guaranteed Party in respect hereof or the Guaranteed Obligations and direct the order or manner of sale thereof, or exercise any

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other right or remedy that such Guaranteed Party may have against any such security, in each case as such Guaranteed Party in its discretion may determine consistent herewith, including foreclosure on any such security pursuant to one or more judicial or nonjudicial sales, whether or not every aspect of any such sale is commercially reasonable, and even though such action operates to impair or extinguish any right of reimbursement or subrogation or other right or remedy of any Guarantor against any other Obligor or any security for the Guaranteed Obligations; and (vi) exercise any other rights available to it under the Transaction Documents; and
(f)    this guaranty and the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder shall be valid and enforceable and shall not be subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment, discharge or termination for any reason (other than Payment in Full of the Guaranteed Obligations), including the occurrence of any of the following, whether or not any Guarantor shall have had notice or knowledge of any of them: (i) any failure or omission to assert or enforce or agreement or election not to assert or enforce, or the stay or enjoining, by order of court, by operation of law or otherwise, of the exercise or enforcement of, any claim or demand or any right, power or remedy (whether arising under the Transaction Documents, at law, in equity or otherwise) with respect to the Guaranteed Obligations or any agreement relating thereto, or with respect to any other guaranty of or security for the payment of the Guaranteed Obligations; (ii) any rescission, waiver, amendment or modification of, or any consent to departure from, any of the terms or provisions (including provisions relating to Events of Default) hereof, any of the other Transaction Documents or of any other guaranty or security for the Guaranteed Obligations, in each case whether or not in accordance with the terms hereof or such Transaction Document or any agreement relating to such other guaranty or security; (iii) the Guaranteed Obligations, or any agreement relating thereto, at any time being found to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable in any respect; (iv) the application of payments received from any source (other than payments received pursuant to the other Transaction Documents or any agreement or instrument executed pursuant thereto, or from the proceeds of any security for the Guaranteed Obligations, except to the extent such security also serves as collateral for indebtedness other than the Guaranteed Obligations) to the payment of indebtedness other than the Guaranteed Obligations, even though any Guaranteed Party might have elected to apply such payment to any part or all of the Guaranteed Obligations; (v) any Guaranteed Party’s consent to the change, reorganization or termination of the corporate structure or existence of the Obligors and to any corresponding restructuring of the Guaranteed Obligations; (vi) any failure to perfect or continue perfection of a security interest in any collateral which secures any of the Guaranteed Obligations; (vii) any defenses, set‑offs or counterclaims which the Issuer may allege or assert against any Secured Party in respect of the Guaranteed Obligations, including failure of consideration, breach of warranty, payment, statute of frauds, statute of limitations, accord and satisfaction and usury; and (viii) any other act or thing or omission, or delay to do any other act or thing, which may or might in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of any Guarantor as an obligor in respect of the Guaranteed Obligations.
Section 12.4    Waivers by Guarantors. Each Guarantor hereby waives, for the benefit of the Guaranteed Parties: (a) any right to require any Guaranteed Party, as a condition of payment or performance by such Guarantor, to (i) proceed against the Issuer, any other guarantor (including any other Guarantor) or any other Person, (ii) proceed against or exhaust any security held from the Issuer, any such other guarantor or any other Person, (iii) proceed against or have resort to any balance of any Collection Account, the Principal Reserve Account, the Interest Reserve Account or the Notes Payment Account or credit on the books of any Guaranteed Party in favor of any Obligor or any other Person, or (iv) pursue any other remedy in the power of any Guaranteed Party whatsoever; (b) any defense arising by reason of the incapacity, lack of authority or any disability or other defense of the Issuer or any other Guarantor including any defense based on or arising out of the lack of validity or the unenforceability of the Guaranteed Obligations

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or any agreement or instrument relating thereto or by reason of the cessation of the liability of the Issuer or any other Guarantor from any cause other than Payment in Full of the Guaranteed Obligations; (c) any defense based upon any statute or rule of law which provides that the obligation of a surety must be neither larger in amount nor in other respects more burdensome than that of the principal; (d) any defense based upon any Guaranteed Party’s errors or omissions in the administration of the Guaranteed Obligations, except behavior which amounts to bad faith; (e) (i) any principles or provisions of law, statutory or otherwise, which are or might be in conflict with the terms hereof and any legal or equitable discharge of such Guarantor’s obligations hereunder, (ii) the benefit of any statute of limitations affecting such Guarantor’s liability hereunder or the enforcement hereof, (iii) any rights to set‑offs, recoupments and counterclaims, and (iv) promptness, diligence and any requirement that any Guaranteed Party protect, secure, perfect or insure any security interest or lien or any property subject thereto; (f) notices, demands, presentments, protests, notices of protest, notices of dishonor and notices of any action or inaction, including acceptance hereof, notices of default hereunder or any agreement or instrument related thereto, notices of any renewal, extension, supplement to or modification of the Guaranteed Obligations or any agreement related thereto, notices of any extension of credit to the Issuer and notices of any of the matters referred to in Section 12.3 and any right to consent to any thereof; and (g) any defenses or benefits that may be derived from or afforded by law which limit the liability of or exonerate guarantors or sureties, or which may conflict with the terms hereof.
Section 12.5    Guarantors’ Rights of Subrogation, Contribution, Etc. Until the Guaranteed Obligations shall have been indefeasibly Paid in Full, each Guarantor hereby waives any claim, right or remedy, direct or indirect, that such Guarantor now has or may hereafter have against the Issuer or any other Guarantor or any of its assets in connection with this guaranty or the performance by such Guarantor of its obligations hereunder, in each case whether such claim, right or remedy arises in equity, under contract, by statute, under common law or otherwise and including (a) any right of subrogation, reimbursement or indemnification that such Guarantor now has or may hereafter have against the Issuer with respect to the Guaranteed Obligations, (b) any right to enforce, or to participate in, any claim, right or remedy that any Guaranteed Party now has or may hereafter have against the Issuer, and (c) any benefit of, and any right to participate in, any collateral or security now or hereafter held by any Guaranteed Party. In addition, until the Guaranteed Obligations shall have been Paid in Full, each Guarantor shall withhold exercise of any right of contribution such Guarantor may have against any other guarantor (including any other Guarantor) of the Guaranteed Obligations. Each Guarantor further agrees that, to the extent the waiver or agreement to withhold the exercise of its rights of subrogation, reimbursement, indemnification and contribution as set forth herein is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be void or voidable for any reason, any rights of subrogation, reimbursement or indemnification such Guarantor may have against the Issuer or against any collateral or security, and any rights of contribution such Guarantor may have against any such other guarantor (including any other Guarantor), shall be junior and subordinate to any rights any Guaranteed Party may have against the Issuer, to all right, title and interest any Guaranteed Party may have in any such collateral or security, and to any right any Guaranteed Party may have against such other guarantor. If any amount shall be paid to any Guarantor on account of any such subrogation, reimbursement, indemnification or contribution rights at any time when all Guaranteed Obligations shall not have been Paid in Full, such amount shall be held in trust for the Trustee on behalf of the Guaranteed Parties and shall forthwith be paid over to the Trustee for the benefit of the Guaranteed Parties to be credited and applied against the Guaranteed Obligations, whether matured or unmatured, in accordance with the terms hereof.
Section 12.6    Subordination of Other Obligations. Any indebtedness of the Issuer or any Guarantor now or hereafter held by any Guarantor shall be subject to the subordination terms set forth in Appendix 2.

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Section 12.7    Continuing Guaranty. This guaranty is a continuing guaranty and shall remain in effect until all of the Guaranteed Obligations shall have been Paid in Full. Each Guarantor hereby irrevocably waives any right to revoke this guaranty as to future transactions giving rise to any Guaranteed Obligations.
Section 12.8    Bankruptcy, Etc.
(a)    So long as any Guaranteed Obligations remain outstanding, no Guarantor shall, without the prior consent of the Trustee acting pursuant to the instructions of a Majority of the Noteholders, commence or join with any other Person in commencing any bankruptcy, reorganization or insolvency case or proceeding of or against the Issuer or any other Guarantor. The obligations of any Guarantor hereunder shall not be reduced, limited, impaired, discharged, deferred, suspended or terminated by any case or proceeding, voluntary or involuntary, involving the bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, reorganization, liquidation or arrangement of the Issuer or any other Guarantor or by any defense which the Issuer or any other Guarantor may have by reason of the order, decree or decision of any court or administrative body resulting from any such proceeding.
(b)    Each Guarantor acknowledges and agrees that any interest on any portion of the Guaranteed Obligations which accrues after the commencement of any case or proceeding referred to in clause (a) above (or, if interest on any portion of the Guaranteed Obligations ceases to accrue by operation of law by reason of the commencement of such case or proceeding, such interest as would have accrued on such portion of the Guaranteed Obligations if such case or proceeding had not been commenced) shall be included in the Guaranteed Obligations because it is the intention of the Guarantors and the Guaranteed Parties that the Guaranteed Obligations which are guaranteed by the Guarantors pursuant hereto should be determined without regard to any rule of law or order which may relieve the Issuer of any portion of such Guaranteed Obligations. The Guarantors will permit any trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, debtor in possession, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person to pay the Trustee, or allow the claim of the Trustee in respect of, any such interest accruing after the date on which such case or proceeding is commenced.
(c)    In the event that all or any portion of the Guaranteed Obligations are paid by the Issuer, the obligations of the Guarantors hereunder shall continue and remain in full force and effect or be reinstated, as the case may be, in the event that all or any part of such payment(s) are rescinded or recovered directly or indirectly from any Guaranteed Party as a preference, fraudulent transfer or otherwise, and any such payments which are so rescinded or recovered shall constitute Guaranteed Obligations for all purposes hereunder.
Section 12.9.    General Limitation on Guaranteed Obligations. In any action or proceeding involving any state corporate law, or any state or federal bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other law affecting the rights of creditors generally, if the obligations of any Guarantor under Section 12.1 would otherwise be held or determined to be void, invalid or unenforceable, or subordinated to the claims of any other creditors, on account of the amount of its liability under Section 12.1, then, notwithstanding any other provision hereof to the contrary, the amount of such liability shall, without any further action by such Guarantor, any Guaranteed Party or any other Person, be automatically limited and reduced to the highest amount that is valid and enforceable and not subordinated to the claims of other creditors as determined in such action or proceeding. Each Guarantor agrees that the Guaranteed Obligations may at any time and from time to time be incurred or permitted in an amount exceeding the maximum liability of such Guarantor under this Section 12.9 without impairing the guarantee contained in this Article 12 or affecting the rights and remedies of any Guaranteed Parties hereunder.

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ARTICLE XIII

MISCELLANEOUS
Section 13.1    Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.
In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents. Any certificate of an Authorized Officer of the Obligors or the Servicer may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such Authorized Officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate of an Authorized Officer of the Obligors or the Servicer or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate of, or representations by, the Obligors, the Servicer or any other Person, stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Obligors, the Servicer or such other Person, unless such Authorized Officer of the Obligors or the Servicer or such counsel knows that the certificate or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous. Any Opinion of Counsel may also be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate of, or representations by, an Authorized Officer of the Obligors or the Servicer, stating that the information with respect to such matters is in the possession of the Obligors or the Servicer, unless such counsel knows that the certificate or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous. Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument. Whenever in this Indenture it is provided that the absence of the occurrence and continuation of a Default or Event of Default is a condition precedent to the taking of any action by the Trustee at the request or direction of the Obligors, then notwithstanding that the satisfaction of such condition is a condition precedent to the Obligors’ rights to make such request or direction, the Trustee shall be protected in acting in accordance with such request or direction if it does not have knowledge of the occurrence and continuation of such Default or Event of Default as provided in Section 6.1(d).

Section 13.2    Acts of the Noteholders.
Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders of the Notes may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in Person or by an agent duly appointed in writing, and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee, and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Obligors. Such instrument or instruments (and the action or actions embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Obligor, if made in the manner provided in this Section 13.2. The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved in any manner which the Trustee deems sufficient. The principal amount, notional amount and registered numbers of the Notes held by any Person, and the date of such Person holding the same, shall be proved by the Register. Any

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request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action by the Holder of any Notes shall bind the Holder (and any transferee thereof) of such Note and of every Note issued upon the registration thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee, or the Obligors in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Note.

Section 13.3    Notices.
Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, any request, demand, authorization, direction, instruction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of the Noteholders or other documents provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with any of the parties indicated below shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to and mailed, by first class mail, hand delivered, sent by overnight courier service guaranteeing next day delivery, by telecopy or by e-mail in legible form at the addresses set forth on Schedule A.

Section 13.4    Notices to Noteholders; Waiver.
Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of the Notes of any event, (a) such notice shall be sufficiently given to Holders of the Notes if in writing and (i) by telecopy if the sender on the same day sends a confirming copy of such notice by an internationally recognized overnight delivery service (charges prepaid), (ii) by registered or certified mail with return receipt requested (postage prepaid), (iii) by a nationally or internationally recognized overnight delivery service (charges prepaid) or (iv) by e-mail if such e-mail is received by the intended recipient thereof; and (b) sent to (i) if to any Purchaser or its nominee, to such Purchaser or nominee at the address or e-mail address specified for such communications in the Purchaser Schedule, or at such other address as such Purchaser or nominee shall have specified to the Obligors and the Trustee in writing and (ii) if to any other Holder of any Note, to such Holder at such address or e-mail address as such other Holder shall have specified to the Obligors and Trustee in writing. Such notices will be deemed to have been given when received. The Trustee will deliver to the Holders of the Notes any notice requested to be so delivered by such Holder (at the expense of Obligors), provided that the Trustee may decline to deliver any such notice that it reasonably determines is contrary to any terms of this Indenture or any duty or obligation it may have, or that may expose it to liability or that may be contrary to law. Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by any Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Noteholders shall be filed with the Trustee but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

Section 13.5    Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.
The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

Section 13.6    Successors and Assigns.
All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by an Obligor shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

Section 13.7    Severability.

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In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

Section 13.8    Benefits of Indenture.
Nothing in this Indenture or in the Notes, expressed or implied, shall give to any Person other than the parties hereto and the Noteholders any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

Section 13.9    Governing Law.
This Indenture and each Note shall be construed and enforced in accordance with, and the rights of the parties shall be governed by, the law of the State of New York excluding choice of law principles of the law of such State that would permit the application of the laws of a jurisdiction other than such State.

Section 13.10    Submission to Jurisdiction; Service of Process.
Each Obligor and the Trustee irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any New York State or federal court sitting in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, over any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Indenture or the Notes. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Obligor and the Trustee irrevocably waives and agrees not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense or otherwise, any claim that it is not subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court and any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. Each Obligor and the Trustee agree, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, that a final judgment in any suit, action or proceeding of the nature referred to in this Section 13.10 brought in any such court shall be conclusive and binding upon it subject to rights of appeal, as the case may be, and may be enforced in the courts of the United States of America or the State of New York (or any other courts to the jurisdiction of which it or any of its assets is or may be subject) by a suit upon such judgment. Each Obligor consents to process being served by or on behalf of any Holder of Notes in any suit, action or proceeding of the nature referred to in this Section 13.10 by mailing a copy thereof by registered, certified, priority or express mail (or any substantially similar form of mail), postage prepaid, return receipt or delivery confirmation requested, to it at its address specified in Schedule A. Each Obligor agrees that such service upon receipt (i) shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon it in any such suit, action or proceeding and (ii) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be taken and held to be valid personal service upon and personal delivery to it. Notices hereunder shall be conclusively presumed received as evidenced by a delivery receipt furnished by the United States Postal Service or any reputable commercial delivery service. Nothing in this Section 13.10 shall affect the right of any holder of a Note to serve process in any manner permitted by law, or limit any right that the holders of any Note may have to enforce in any lawful manner a judgment obtained in one jurisdiction in any other jurisdiction. THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVE TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION BROUGHT ON OR WITH RESPECT TO THIS INDENTURE, THE NOTES OR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT EXECUTED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THEREWITH.

Section 13.11    Counterparts.

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This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original but all of which together shall constitute one instrument. Each counterpart may consist of a number of copies hereof, each signed by less than all, but together signed by all, of the parties hereto.

Section 13.12    Confidential Information.
For the purposes of this Section 13.12, “Confidential Information” means information delivered to any Noteholder by or on behalf of an Obligor (or by the Trustee) prior to the Closing Date or from time to time after the Closing Date in connection with the transactions contemplated by or otherwise pursuant to this Indenture that either (i) constitutes Financial and Other Information or (ii) is otherwise proprietary in nature and clearly marked or labeled or otherwise adequately identified when received by such Noteholder as being confidential information of any Obligor or its Affiliates, provided that such term does not include information that (a) was publicly known or otherwise known to such Noteholder prior to the time of such disclosure, (b) subsequently becomes publicly known through no act or omission by such Noteholder or any Person acting on such Noteholder’s behalf or (c) otherwise becomes known to such Noteholder other than through disclosure by an Obligor. Each Noteholder will maintain the confidentiality of such Confidential Information in accordance with procedures adopted by such Noteholder in good faith to protect confidential information of third parties delivered to such Noteholder, provided that such Noteholder may deliver or disclose Confidential Information to (i) its directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys, trustees and affiliates (to the extent such disclosure reasonably relates to the administration of the investment represented by its Notes and such Persons are subject to a duty to hold confidential the Confidential Information substantially in accordance with this Section 13.12), (ii) its auditors, financial advisors and other professional advisors who agree to hold confidential the Confidential Information substantially in accordance with this Section 13.12, (iii) any other Holder of any Note, (iv) any Person from which it offers to purchase any Security of an Obligor (if such Person has agreed in writing prior to its receipt of such Confidential Information to be bound by this Section 13.12), (v) any Eligible Transferee (and its investment adviser) to which it sells or offers to sell such Notes or any part thereof or any participation therein (if such Person has agreed in writing prior to its receipt of such Confidential Information to be bound by this Section 13.12), (vi) any federal or state regulatory authority having jurisdiction over such Noteholder, (vii) the National Association of Insurance Commissioners or the Securities Valuation Office of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners or, in each case, any similar organization, or any nationally recognized rating agency that requires access to information about such Noteholder’s investment portfolio, or (viii) any other Person to which such delivery or disclosure may be necessary (w) to effect compliance with any law, rule, regulation or order applicable to such Purchaser, (x) in response to any subpoena or other legal process, (y) in connection with any litigation to which such Noteholder is a party or (z) if any Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, to the extent such Noteholder may reasonably determine such delivery and disclosure to be necessary or appropriate in the enforcement or for the protection of the rights and remedies under such Noteholder’s Notes or this Indenture. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no Confidential Information may be disclosed to any Disqualified Purchaser. Each Holder of a Note, by its acceptance of a Note, will be deemed to have agreed to be bound by and to be entitled to the benefits of this Section 13.12 as though it were a party to this Indenture. On reasonable request by an Obligor in connection with the delivery to any Noteholder of information required to be delivered to such Noteholder under this Indenture or requested by such Noteholder (other than a Noteholder that is a party to this Indenture or its nominee), such Noteholder will enter into an agreement with such Obligor embodying this Section 13.12.
In the event that as a condition to receiving access to information relating to an Obligor in connection with the transactions contemplated by or otherwise pursuant to this Indenture, any Noteholder is required to agree to a confidentiality undertaking (whether through Intralinks, another secure website, a secure virtual workspace or otherwise) which is different from this Section 13.12, this Section 13.12 shall

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not be amended thereby and, as between such Noteholder and the Obligors, this Section 13.12 shall supersede any such other confidentiality undertaking.
No Noteholder may (and shall not permit any of its Affiliates to) issue any news release or make any public announcement pertaining to the transactions contemplated by this Indenture and the Transaction Documents without the prior written consent of the Issuer.

[remainder of page intentionally blank]


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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, we have set our hands as of the date first written above.


APH FINANCE 1, LLC as Issuer

By: APH FUNDING 1, LLC, its sole member                



By:    /s/ Martin B. Kelly_________________
Name: Martin B. Kelly
Title: Vice President



APH FINANCE 2, LLC, as Guarantor

By:     APH FUNDING 2, LLC, its sole member



By:    /s/ Martin B. Kelly_________________
Name: Martin B. Kelly
Title: Vice President


APH FINANCE 3, LLC, as Guarantor

By:     APH FUNDING 3, LLC, its sole member



By:    /s/ Martin B. Kelly_________________
Name: Martin B. Kelly
Title: Vice President













[Indenture]





U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee



By:    /s/ Kevin Blanchard______________________
Name: Kevin Blanchard
Title: Assistant Vice President



[Indenture]



Schedule A
Notice Information
 
If to the Trustee:    U.S. Bank National Association
60 Livingston Avenue
EP-MN-WS3D
St. Paul, Minnesota 55107,
Attn: GSF – APH Finance 1 LLC
Telephone No.: (651) 466-5045
Email Address: toby.robillard@usbank.com


If to any Obligor:
c/o Apollo Global Management, LLC
9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor
New York, New York 10019
Attn: Martin Kelly
Telephone No.: [***]
Email Address: [***]

with copy to:

c/o Apollo Global Management, LLC
9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor
New York, New York 10019
Attn: John Suydam
Telephone No.: [***]
Email Address: [***]

c/o Apollo Global Management, LLC
9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor
New York, New York 10019
Attn: Robert Azerad
Telephone No.: [***]
Email Address: [***]





Schedule B



Part A – Permitted Transferees

[***]

Part B – Disqualified Purchasers

[***]








Exhibit A

[FORM OF NOTE]

THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND THE ISSUER HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED (THE “1940 ACT”). THIS NOTE MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, EXCEPT TO A U.S. OR CANADIAN PERSON THAT (I) IS A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (II) IS A QUALIFIED PURCHASER AS DEFINED IN THE 1940 ACT AND REGULATIONS THEREUNDER AND (III) IS AN ELIGIBLE TRANSFEREE, EACH AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE REFERRED TO BELOW AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS NOTE IS SUBJECT TO MANDATORY SALE BY ANY HOLDER TO WHOM THIS NOTE MAY BE TRANSFERRED IN VIOLATION OF THE FOREGOING RESTRICTIONS.
APH FINANCE 1, LLC
4.77% SERIES A SENIOR SECURED GUARANTEED NOTE DUE 2039
No. [_____]    June 10, 2019
$[_______]    PPN[______________]

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned, APH FINANCE 1, LLC a limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Issuer”), hereby promise to pay to [____________], or registered assigns, the principal sum of [_____________________] DOLLARS (or so much thereof as shall not have been prepaid) on July 7, 2039, with interest (computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30‑day months), after as well as before judgment, at a rate per annum equal to (a) 4.77% plus (b) after the Reinvestment Period, 5.0% (such additional 5.0% interest accruing after the Reinvestment Period, the “Additional Interest”). During the continuance of an Event of Default (or as otherwise set forth in the Indenture), the unpaid principal amount of this Note and overdue interest (excluding Additional Interest) and any Make-Whole Amount shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Default Rate.
Payments of principal of, Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on this Note are to be made by wire transfer in lawful money of the United States of America at the Corporate Trust Office of U.S. Bank National Association or at such other place as the Issuer shall have designated by written notice to the holder of this Note as provided in the Indenture referred to below.

This Note is one of a Series of senior secured guaranteed notes (herein called the “Notes”) issued pursuant to the Indenture, dated June 10, 2019 (as from time to time amended, the “Indenture”), among the Issuer, the Guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (the “Trustee”) to which the Indenture and all instruments supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the property thereby pledged, the nature and extent of the security, the rights and benefits to which the registered holder hereof shall be entitled and the terms and conditions upon which the Notes are and are to be authenticated and delivered.






Reference is made to the Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 10, 2019 (the “Note Purchase Agreement”), among the Issuer, the Guarantors and the respective Purchasers named therein and who are entitled to the benefits thereof. Each holder of this Note will be deemed, by its acceptance hereof, to have (i) agreed to the confidentiality provisions set forth in Section 13 of the Note Purchase Agreement, (ii) made the representation set forth in Section 6.2 of the Note Purchase Agreement, (iii) represented that it is both (x) a Qualified Institutional Buyer and (y) a Qualified Purchaser and (iv) represented that it is an Eligible Transferee and that it is not a Disqualified Purchaser. Unless otherwise indicated, capitalized terms used in this Note shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in the Note Purchase Agreement or the Indenture.
This Note is a Registered Note and, as provided in the Indenture, upon surrender of this Note for registration of transfer accompanied by a written instrument of transfer duly executed, by the Registered holder hereof or such holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, subject to the provisions of the Indenture regarding denominations of the Notes, one or more new Notes for a like aggregate principal amount will be issued to, and Registered in the name of, the transferee. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer, the Issuer and the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Note is registered as the owner hereof for the purpose of receiving payment and for all other purposes, and the Issuer and the Trustee will not be affected by any notice to the contrary.
This Note is subject to Optional Redemption, in whole or from time to time in part, at the times and on the terms specified in the Indenture, but not otherwise.
If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the principal of this Note may be declared or otherwise become due and payable in the manner, at the price (including any applicable Make-Whole Amount) and with the effect provided in the Indenture.
This Note shall be construed and enforced in accordance with, and the rights of the Issuer and the holder of this Note shall be governed by, the law of the State of New York excluding choice-of-law principles of the law of such State that would permit the application of the laws of a jurisdiction other than such State.

To the extent the terms of this Note are inconsistent with the terms of any other Transaction Documents, the terms of such Transaction Documents shall control.








IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer has caused this Note to be duly executed.



APH FINANCE 1, LLC as Issuer

By:
APH FUNDING 1, LLC, its sole member



By:    _____________________________
Name:
Title:














CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Notes referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

U.S. Bank National Association,
not in its individual capacity, but solely as Trustee


By:        
Authorized Signatory

Dated:     













Exhibit B-1

Form of Intraperiod Report


A. Starting Information
 
   1. Date of Immediately Preceding Determination Date
 
   2. Expected Intraperiod Distribution Date
 
   3. Preceding Interest Payment Date
 
   4. Next Scheduled Interest Payment Date
 
   5. Event of Default in effect or Partial Cash Trap Event, Full Cash Trap Event, Rapid Amortization Event or Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event on Preceding Interest Payment Date? Y/N (Stop if Yes)
 
   6. Balance of APH 1 Collection Account
Based on balance at COB of [prior] Business Day
   7. Balance of APH 2 Collection Account
Based on balance at COB of [prior] Business Day
   8. Balance of APH 3 Collection Account
Based on balance at COB of [prior] Business Day
   9. Interest Reserve Account Balance
 
   10. Principal Reserve Account Balance
 
   11. Prior Intraperiod Payments of Senior Fees during current Collection Period (if any)
 
   12. Prior Intraperiod Distributions during current Collection Period (if any)
 
   13. Collections received during Collection Period
 
   14. Unfunded Commitments to be funded within five BD as of Date of Report (if applicable)
 
 
 
B. Debt to Asset Ratio
 
   1. Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes
 
   2. Amount of dollars and Eligible Investments held in the Accounts
 
   3. Fair value of other Collateral:
 
      3.1. Most recent value per two most recent financial statements
 





      3.2. New Participations acquired during period (at par of funded Covered Distribution Interest)
 
      3.3. Other subsequent period adjustment (if any)
 
   4. Beginning Debt to Asset Ratio
 
   5. Asset Coverage Event?
 
 
 
 
 
C. Available Funds for Distribution
 
   1. Collections received minus Intraperiod Distributions previously made
 
      1.1. (A.6 plus A.7 plus A.8) for the current Collection Period
 
      1.2. (A. 12) for the current Collection Period
 
   2. Senior payments accrued to date during current Collection Period (30/360 basis)
      2.1 Taxes
      2.2 Governmental Fees
      2.3 Total
 
   3. Fees/Expenses accrued to date during current Collection Period (30/360 basis)
       3.1 Trustee Fee
      3.2 Other Administrative Expenses (up to cap)
      3.3 Total
 
   4. Servicing Fee accrued to date during current Collection Period (30/360 basis)
 
   5 Interest accrued to date during current Collection Period (30/360 basis)
 
   6. Available Cash (C.1 minus (C.2 plus C.3 plus C.4 plus C.5))
 
 
 
 







Exhibit B-2

Form of Payment Date Report

Date of Current Interest Payment Date
Date of Preceding Interest Payment Date

A. Account Balances
   1. Starting Balance of Interest Reserve Account
   2. Starting Interest Reserve Amount
   3. Starting Balance of Principal Reserve Account
   4. Starting Balance of Master Collection Account
   5. Cash Collections received during Collection Period
   6. Current period equity cure payments (if any)
   7. Event of Default in effect?
   8. Unfunded Commitments to be funded within five BD of Date of Report (if applicable)
 
B. Debt to Asset Ratio
   1. Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes
   2. Amount of Eligible Investments held in the Accounts
   3. Fair value of other Collateral:
      3.1. Average fair value per the two most recent financial statements
      3.2. New Participations acquired during period (at par of funded Covered Distribution Interest)
      3.3. Other subsequent period adjustments (if any)
   4. Beginning Debt to Asset Ratio
   5. Asset Coverage Event?
6. Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event?
   7. Accrued unpaid interest (excluding any Additional Interest) on the Notes from and including prior Interest Payment Date, to but excluding current Interest Payment Date (30/360 basis)
   8. Accrued and unpaid Additional Interest (if applicable) on the Notes from and including prior Interest Payment Date, to but excluding current Interest Payment Date (30/360 basis)





   9. Confirm whether Schedule A to any Lower Tier Transfer and Contribution Agreement was updated during the Collection Period and if so attach updated Schedule A
   10. Aggregate unfunded commitments at each of APH Funding 1, LLC, APH Funding 2, LLC and APH Funding 3, LLC
 
C. Debt Service Coverage Ratio
   1. Cash Collections received
      1.1. (A-5 plus A-6) for the present Collection Period
      1.2. (A-5 plus A-6) for the preceding three Collection Periods
   2. Senior Fees to be paid on such Interest Payment Date
   3. Senior Fees paid on prior three Interest Payment Dates
   4. Aggregate amount to be paid on such Interest Payment Date under D.4 (plus any F.4)
   5. Aggregate amount paid under D.4 (plus any F.4) on prior three Interest Payment Dates
   6. Debt Service Coverage Ratio
   7. Partial Cash Trap Event?
   8. Full Cash Trap Event?
 
D. Waterfall Payments – Disbursements from Master Collection Account on Interest Payment Date
   1. Senior Payments
      1.1. Taxes
      1.2. Governmental fees
      1.3. Total
   2. Fees/Expenses
      2.1. Trustee Fee
      2.2. Other Administrative Expenses (up to cap)
      2.3. Total
   3. Servicing Fee (zero if waived)
   4. To the Notes Payment Account for accrued and unpaid interest (excluding any Additional Interest) on Notes
   5. To Interest Reserve Account
   6. Distributions to APH Funding I, LLC
      6.1 If no Event of Default, no Rapid Amortization Event and no Full Cash Trap Event:
         6.1.1. Uncapped Administrative Expenses





         6.1.2. If no Partial Cash Trap Event:
            6.1.2.1. If Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event:
6.1.2.1.1. [***]% of available amounts to the Notes Payment Account for payment of principal of the Notes until the Notes are Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest) or no Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event is continuing
6.1.2.1.2. If no Asset Coverage Event at G.7 and no Exclusion Event, remaining amounts to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC or payment of Subordinated Obligations
6.1.2.1.3. If Asset Coverage Event at G.7 or if Exclusion Event, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC to fund unfunded commitments within 5 BD with the amounts remaining to the Notes Payment Account to be credited to the Principal Reserve Account
            6.1.2.2. If no Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event:
6.1.2.2.1. If no Asset Coverage Event at G.7 and no Exclusion Event, available amounts to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC or payment of Subordinated Obligations
6.1.2.2.2. If Asset Coverage Event at G.7 or Exclusion Event, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC to fund unfunded commitments within 5 BD with the amounts remaining to the Notes Payment Account to be credited to the Principal Reserve Account
 
         6.1.3. If Partial Cash Trap Event:
            6.1.3.1. [***]% of available amounts to credit to Principal Reserve Account or to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes
6.1.3.1.1. If Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event:
6.1.3.1.1.1. [***]% of remaining amounts after 6.1.3.1. to the Notes Payment Account for payment of principal of the Notes until the Notes are Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest) or no Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event is continuing
6.1.3.1.1.2. If no Asset Coverage Event at G.7 and no Exclusion Event, remaining amounts to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC or payment of Subordinated Obligations
6.1.3.1.1.3. If Asset Coverage Event at G.7 or Exclusion Event, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC to fund unfunded commitments within 5 BD with the amounts remaining to the Notes Payment Account to be credited to the Principal Reserve Account





6.1.3.1.2. If no Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event:
6.1.3.1.2.1. If no Asset Coverage Event at G.7 and no Exclusion Event, remaining amounts to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC or payment of Subordinated Obligations
6.1.3.1.2.2. If Asset Coverage Event at G.7 or Exclusion Event, to the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding I, LLC to fund unfunded commitments within 5 BD with the amounts remaining to the Notes Payment Account to be credited to the Principal Reserve Account
 
      6.2. If no Event of Default, no Rapid Amortization Event but Full Cash Trap Event prior to end of Reinvestment Period:
         6.2.1. Credit to Principal Reserve Account or to the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes until Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest)
         6.2.2. Uncapped Administrative Expenses
   6.3.3. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of the Secured Obligations until Paid in Full
6.3.3. To the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or payment of Subordinated Obligations
 
      6.3 If Event of Default or Rapid Amortization Event:
         6.3.1. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes until Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest)
         6.3.2. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of accrued and unpaid Additional Interest
         6.3.3. Uncapped Administrative Expenses
   6.3.4. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of the Secured Obligations until Paid in Full
         6.3.5. To the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or payment of Subordinated Obligations
 
      6.2. If no Event of Default, no Rapid Amortization Event but Full Cash Trap Event after the Reinvestment Period:
         6.2.1. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of the principal of the Notes until Paid in Full (excluding Additional Interest)
      6.2.2. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of accrued and unpaid Additional Interest
         6.2.3. Uncapped Administrative Expenses
   6.3.4. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of the Secured Obligations until Paid in Full
6.3.5. To the Issuer for distribution to APH Funding 1, LLC or payment of Subordinated Obligations
 





E. Waterfall Payments – Disbursements from Master Collection Account on Redemption Date
1. To the payment of the amount referred in in D-1, D-2 and D-3
2. Uncapped Administrative Expenses
3. To the Notes Payment Account for payment of all or a portion of the Notes then Outstanding, as applicable, at the Redemption Price, together with Make-Whole Amount, if any
F. Draws from/Credits to Reserve Accounts
   1. Starting Balance of Interest Reserve Account
   2. Starting Balance of Principal Reserve Account
   3. Credit to Interest Reserve Account
   4. Disbursement to the Notes Payment Account from Interest Reserve Account
   5. Credit to Principal Reserve Account
   6. Disbursement to the Notes Payment Account from Principal Reserve Account
 
G. Ending Balances
   1. Ending Balance of Interest Reserve Account
   2. Ending Balance of Principal Reserve Account
   3. Ending Interest Reserve Amount
   4. Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes after Payments in D or E, as applicable, and F.
   5. Amount of dollars and Eligible Investments held in the Accounts after Payments in D or E, as applicable, and F
   6. Ending Debt to Asset Ratio
   7. Asset Coverage Event?









Exhibit C

[Form of] Assumption Agreement

INSTRUMENT OF ASSUMPTION AND JOINDER dated as of [__], 20[__] (this “Assumption Agreement”) made by [Insert Name of New Guarantor], a [Insert State of Formation/Organization] [limited liability company] (the “Company”) in favor of the Trustee referred to in that certain Indenture dated as of June 10, 2019 (as may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”) by and among APH Finance 1, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as issuer, the Guarantors referred to therein and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association, organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, as trustee (together with its permitted successors and assigns in the trusts thereunder, the “Trustee”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Indenture.
W I T N E S S E T H
The Company is a [Insert State of Organization] [limited liability company] and pursuant to Section 7.19 of the Indenture, the Company is required to execute this document to join the Indenture as a Guarantor.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the Company hereby agrees as follows:
1.Assumption and Joinder.
(a)    The Company hereby expressly confirms that it has assumed, and hereby agrees to perform and observe, each and every one of the covenants, rights, promises, agreements, terms, conditions, obligations, appointments, duties and liabilities of (i) a Guarantor under the Indenture and Note Purchase Agreement and all the other Transaction Documents applicable to it as a Guarantor and (ii) a Finance Company under the Servicing Agreement, the Support Letter and all the other Transaction Documents applicable to it as a Finance Company. By virtue of the foregoing, the Company hereby accepts and assumes any liability of a Guarantor and a Finance Company related to each representation or warranty, covenant or obligation made by a Guarantor and a Finance Company in the Indenture or any other Transaction Document to which it is or becomes a party and hereby expressly affirms, as of the date hereof, each of such representations, warranties, covenants and obligations. Further, the Company hereby acknowledges that it has received executed copies (together with any amendments or modifications thereto) of the Indenture and each of the other Transaction Documents to which the Company is joining pursuant to this Assumption Agreement.
(b)    All references to the term “Guarantor” or “Finance Company” in the Indenture or any other Transaction Document, or in any document or instrument executed and delivered or furnished, or to be executed and delivered or furnished, in connection therewith shall be deemed to be references to, and shall include, the Company.
2.    Representations and Warranties. The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Trustee and each Noteholder as follows:
(a)    The Company has the requisite power and authority to enter into this Assumption Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder and under the Indenture and the other Transaction





Documents to which it is a party. The execution, delivery and performance of this Assumption Agreement by the Company, the transactions contemplated hereby and the performance of its obligations hereunder and under the Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party have been duly authorized by the [Sole Member] of the Company and no other proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize the execution, delivery or performance of this Assumption Agreement, the transactions contemplated hereby or the performance of its obligations under the Indenture or any other Transaction Document to which it is a party. This Assumption Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company. This Assumption Agreement, the Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, when executed, will each constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against it in accordance with its respective terms, subject, as to the enforcement of remedies, to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
(b)    The representations and warranties set forth in Section 7 of the Indenture as they apply to the Company are true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date hereof (except to the extent that such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties were true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date) with the same effect as if made on and as of the date hereof.
3.    Further Assurances. At any time and from time to time, the Company will promptly and duly execute and deliver any and all further instruments and documents and take such further action as the Trustee reasonably deems necessary to effect the purposes of this Assumption Agreement.
4.    Binding Effect. This Assumption Agreement shall be binding upon the Company and shall inure to the benefit of the Trustee and the Noteholders and their respective successors and assigns.
5.    Delivery. Delivery of an executed signature page of this Assumption Agreement by facsimile or electronic transmission in any electronic format sent by electronic mail shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Assumption Agreement. If the Company executes this Assumption Agreement by facsimile or by email, it shall also deliver a manually executed signature page to this Agreement, but failure to do so shall not affect the validity, enforceability or binding effect of this Assumption Agreement, and the Company hereby waives any right it may have to object to said treatment.
6.    GOVERNING LAW. THIS ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT SHALL IN ALL RESPECTS BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, AND GOVERNED BY, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO ANY CONFLICT OF LAWS PRINCIPLES THAT WOULD RESULT IN THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this Assumption Agreement to be duly executed and delivered by its duly Authorized Officer as of the date first set forth above.








[NAME OF COMPANY]
By: ________________________________
Name:
Title:

Acknowledged and Accepted:

U.S. Bank National Association,
not in its individual capacity, but solely as Trustee


By:        
Authorized Signatory

Dated:     










Appendix 1

Form of Calculation Officer’s Certificate

___________, 20__
U.S. Bank National Association
60 Livingston Avenue
EP-MN-WS3D
St. Paul, Minnesota 55107
Attn: GSF – APH Finance 1 LLC
Telephone No.: (651) 466-5045
Email: toby.robillard@usbank.com
APH Finance 1, LLC
9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor
New York, New York 10019

Re:
4.77% Series A Senior Secured Guaranteed Notes due 2039
APH Finance 1, LLC

Ladies and Gentlemen:
Reference is hereby made to the Indenture, dated as of June 10, 2019 (as amended and supplemented from time to time, the “Indenture”), between APH Finance 1, LLC (the “Company”), the guarantors from time to time parties thereto and U.S. Bank National Association., as trustee. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Indenture.
This Certificate is being delivered in connection with the [Interest Payment Date / Additional Issuance] occurring on ____________ (the “Applicable Payment Date”).
Set forth in Annex A attached hereto is the Debt Service Coverage Ratio and a description of the calculation (including supporting documentation) for the period from ____________ to __________. We hereby certify that the calculation was made by an officer of the Company on a reasonable basis and in good faith.
Based on the Debt Service Coverage Ratio set forth in Annex A attached hereto:
   this is a Full Cash Trap Event.
   this is not a Full Cash Trap Event.
   this is a Partial Cash Trap Event.
   this is not a Partial Cash Trap Event.
   this is a Rapid Amortization Event.
   this is not a Rapid Amortization Event.
[If this is a Full Cash Trap Event, as indicated above: (i) the amount of interest payable on the Applicable Payment Date is _______________ and the amount of principal payable on the Applicable Payment Date is ________________.]
[If this is a Partial Cash Trap Event, as indicated above: (i) the amount of interest payable on the Applicable Payment Date is _______________ and the amount of principal payable on the Applicable Payment Date is ________________.]
[If this is a Rapid Amortization Event, as indicated above: (i) the amount of interest payable on the Applicable Payment Date is _______________ and the amount of principal payable on the Applicable Payment Date is ________________.]





Set forth in Annex B attached hereto is the Debt to Asset Ratio and a description of the calculation (including supporting documentation) for the period ____________ to __________. We hereby certify that the calculation was made by an officer of the Company on a reasonable basis and in good faith.
Based on the Debt to Asset Ratio set forth in Annex B attached hereto:
   this is an Asset Coverage Event.
   this is not an Asset Coverage Event.
   this is a Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event.
   this is not a Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event.
[If this is an Asset Coverage Event, as indicated above: (i) the amount of interest payable on the Applicable Payment Date is _______________ and the amount of principal payable on the Applicable Payment Date is ________________.]
[If this is a Rapid Amortization Asset Coverage Event, as indicated above: (i) the amount of interest payable on the Applicable Payment Date is _______________ and the amount of principal payable on the Applicable Payment Date is ________________.]
You are entitled to rely upon this certificate and are irrevocably authorized to produce this certificate or a copy hereof to any interested party in any administrative or legal proceedings or official inquiry with respect to the matters covered hereby.
Very truly yours,
 
APH FINANCE 1, LLC
By:   
 
Name:
 
Title:
*






Annex A
FOR THE PERIOD FROM 20__ to 20__.

Debt Service Coverage Ratio: (I) / (II)=                                [__:__]
I.    The sum of (a) – (b) + (c) $[___,___,___]

a.    The aggregate amount of cash Collections received for four
immediately preceding Collection Periods: $[___,___,___]
   
b.    The aggregate amount of Senior Fees to be paid on such Interest
Payment Date: $[___,___,___] 
c.    The aggregate amount of Senior Fees paid on the three
immediately preceding Interest Payment Dates: $[___,___,___]

II.    The sum of (a)+(b): $[___,___,___] 
a.    The aggregate amount to be paid under Section 11(a)(4) of the Indenture on such Interest Payment Date: $[___,___,___] 
b.    The aggregate amount paid under Section 11.1(a)(4) of the Indenture
on the three immediately preceding Interest Payment Dates: $[___,___,___]
 
 
 







Annex B
FOR THE PERIOD FROM 20__ to 20__.

Debt to Asset Ratio: (I) / (II) *100=                                 [___]%
I.    The Aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes: $[___,___,___]

II.    The sum of (a)+(b): $[___,___,___] 
a.    The outstanding aggregate amount of Eligible Investments held
in the Accounts: $[___,___,___] 
b.    The average fair value of the other Collateral (i.e. excluding
Eligible Investments counted in (a)): $[___,___,___]
 







Appendix 2
Subordination Terms.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Obligors agree that any intercompany obligations owed by (i) the Issuer to any Guarantor pursuant to the terms of Section 10.2 or (ii) the Issuer or a Guarantor to any other Guarantor pursuant to the terms of Section 12.6 (collectively, the “Subordinated Obligations”), in each case, shall be subject to the following subordination terms:
(a)    The Subordinated Obligations are unsecured and subordinated, junior and subject in right of payment to the Secured Obligations such that the Secured Parties shall be entitled to be Paid in Full before the applicable Guarantor is entitled to receive any distribution on account of the Subordinated Obligations, and unless and until the Secured Obligations shall have been Paid in Full, (i) no distribution on account of the principal of, premium or interest on, or any other amount in respect of, the Subordinated Obligations shall be made by or on behalf of the Issuer and (ii) the applicable Guarantor shall not accept any such distribution or payment or take any enforcement action with respect to the Subordinated Obligations, except in each case to the extent funds are available to the Issuer for repayment of Subordinated Obligations in accordance with the Priority of Payments.
(b)     After an Event of Default, all payments or distributions upon or with respect to any Subordinated Obligation that are received by an Obligor shall be received in trust for the benefit of the Trustee on behalf of the Secured Parties, shall be segregated from other funds and property held by such Obligor and shall be forthwith turned over to the Trustee, in the same form received (with any necessary endorsement) to be applied (in the case of cash) to or held as Collateral (in the case of securities or other non-cash property) for the payment or prepayment of the Secured Obligations.
(c)    Until such time as the Secured Obligations have been Paid in Full the Trustee shall retain the sole and exclusive right to exercise the rights of a “secured party” in respect of the Collateral.




Exhibit 10.1

APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
2019 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
Section 1.Purpose of Plan.
The name of this plan is the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. The Plan was originally known as the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan and has been amended, restated and renamed. The purpose of the Plan is to provide additional incentive to selected employees, directors, and other service providers of the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as hereinafter defined) whose contributions are integral to the growth and success of the Company’s business, in order to strengthen the commitment of such persons to the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, motivate such persons to faithfully and diligently perform their responsibilities and attract and retain competent and dedicated persons whose efforts shall result in the long-term growth and profitability of the Company. To accomplish these purposes, the Plan provides that the Company may (or may cause a Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof to) grant (a) Options, (b) Share Appreciation Rights, (c) Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards, or (d) any combination of the foregoing. Upon a Conversion (as hereinafter defined), without the consent or action of any Person, the Plan shall be renamed to reflect the Company’s corporate name and conforming changes shall be made or deemed made to the Plan, Awards, Award Agreements and associated documentation.
Section 2.    Definitions.
For purposes of the Plan, the following terms shall be defined as set forth below:
(a)    Administrator” means the Board, or if and to the extent the Board does not administer the Plan, the Committee, in accordance with Section 3 hereof.
(b)    Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Person in question. As used herein, “control” means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
(c)    AOG” means the Apollo Operating Group.
(d)    AOG Unit” refers to a unit in the Apollo Operating Group, which represents one limited partnership interest (or limited liability company interest, as applicable) in each of the limited partnerships and limited liability companies that comprise a part of the Apollo Operating Group and any securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such AOG Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
(e)    Apollo Operating Group” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the most recent Annual Report of the Company on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC from time to time.
(f)    Award” means, individually or collectively, any Option, Share Appreciation Right, Restricted Share, Restricted Share Unit, Performance Share, unrestricted Share or Other Share-Based Award granted under the Plan.
(g)    Award Agreement” means any written agreement, contract or other instrument or document evidencing an Award.
(h)    A “Beneficial Owner” of a security is a Person who directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise has or shares: (i) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security; and/or (ii) investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security. The term “Beneficially Own” shall have a correlative meaning.
(i)    Board” means AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and the sole manager of the Company, except that at such time as AGM Management, LLC ceases to have all management powers over the business and affairs of the Company in accordance with Section 6.1 of the LLC Agreement, or upon a Conversion, the “Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company or any committee or subcommittee thereof that has been delegated, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the full power and authority of the Board of Directors of the Company.
(j)    Cause” means, unless otherwise provided in an applicable Award Agreement, a termination of employment or service, based upon a finding by the Company, acting in good faith based on the information then available to it, after the occurrence of any of the following: (1) the Participant is convicted or charged with a criminal offense; (2) the Participant’s intentional violation of law in connection with any transaction involving the purchase, sale, loan or other disposition of, or the rendering of investment advice with respect to, any security, futures or forward contract, insurance contract, debt instrument, financial instrument or currency; (3) the Participant’s dishonesty, bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or willful or reckless disregard of duties in connection with the performance of any services on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Participant’s engagement in conduct which is injurious to the Company or any of its Affiliates, monetarily or otherwise; (4) the Participant’s intentional failure to comply with any reasonable directive by a supervisor in connection with the performance of any services on behalf of the Company of any of its Affiliates; (5) the Participant’s intentional breach of any material provision of an Award Agreement or any other agreements of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (6) the Participant’s material violation of any written policies adopted by the Company or any of its Affiliates governing the conduct of persons performing services on behalf of the Company or such Affiliate or the Participant’s non-adherence to policies and procedures or other applicable compliance manuals of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (7) the taking of or omission to take any action that has caused or substantially contributed to a material deterioration in the business or reputation of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or that was otherwise materially disruptive to the business or affairs of the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided, however, that the term “Cause” shall not include for this purpose any mistake of judgment made in good faith with respect to any transaction respecting a portfolio investment or account managed by the Company; (8) the failure by the Participant to devote a significant portion of time to performing services as an agent of the Company without the prior written consent of the Company, other than by reason of death or Disability; (9) the obtaining by the Participant of any material improper personal benefit as a result of a breach by the Participant of any covenant or agreement (including, without limitation, a breach by the Participant of the Company’s code of ethics or a material breach by the Participant of other written policies furnished to the Participant relating to personal investment transactions or of any covenant, agreement, representation or warranty contained in any limited partnership agreement, limited liability company agreement or similar agreement); or (10) the Participant’s suspension or other disciplinary action against the Participant by an applicable regulatory authority; provided, however, that if a failure, breach, violation or action or omission described in any of clauses (4) to (7) is capable of being cured, the Participant has failed to do so after being given notice and a reasonable opportunity to cure. As used in this definition, “material” means “more than de minimis.”
(k)    Change in Capitalization” means any (i) merger, consolidation, reclassification, recapitalization, spin-off, spin-out, repurchase or other reorganization or corporate transaction or event, (ii) distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, or other property), share split or reverse share split, (iii) combination or exchange of shares, (iv) other change in structure, or (v) declaration of a distribution, which the Administrator determines, in its sole discretion, affects the Shares such that an adjustment pursuant to Section 5 hereof is appropriate.
(l)    Class A Shares” means (a) prior to a Conversion, the Class A Common Shares of the Company representing limited liability company interests in the Company, having such rights associated with such Class A Common Shares as set forth in the LLC Agreement, and (b) following a Conversion, the shares of Class A common stock of the Company, and in each case any equity securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Class A Shares (i) by way of a distribution, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
(m)    Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time. Any reference herein to a specific section or sections of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to any corresponding provision of any successor law.
(n)    Committee” means the Board or any committee or subcommittee the Board that is delegated the power and authority of the Board or committee, as applicable, to administer the Plan from time to time. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the Committee shall be composed entirely of individuals who meet the qualifications of a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act and any other qualifications required by the applicable stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. If at any time or to any extent the Board shall not administer the Plan, then the functions of the Administrator specified in the Plan shall be exercised by the Committee. Except as otherwise provided in the Governing Documents, any action of the Committee with respect to the administration of the Plan shall be taken by a majority vote at a meeting at which a quorum is duly constituted or by unanimous written consent of the Committee’s members.
(o)    Company” means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and any successors thereto or any continuation thereof, including by a Conversion.
(p)    Consultant” means a consultant or advisor who is a natural person, engaged to render bona fide services to the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof.
(q)    Conversion” means a conversion (irrespective of how effected) of Apollo Global Management, LLC from a limited liability company to a corporation.
(r)    Disabled” shall have the meaning provided under Section 409A(a)(2)(C) of the Code and “Disability” shall have a correlative meaning.  Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Plan, the definition of “Disabled,” “Disability” or any analogous term in an Award Agreement shall supersede the foregoing definition; provided, however, that if no definition of “Disabled,” “Disability” or any analogous term is set forth in such Award Agreement, the foregoing definition shall apply.
(s)    Eligible Recipient” means an employee, director, partner, Consultant, member, LLP member (as that term is used in the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000 (UK)) of, or any other individual engaged by, the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, who has been selected as an eligible participant by the Administrator (and in respect of whom any reference to “employment” shall be interpreted as including a reference to the Eligible Recipient’s engagement by the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, in any capacity (including, for the avoidance of doubt, as a member of a limited liability partnership or similar vehicle), as the case may require).
(t)    EPV Plan” has the meaning provided in Section 4 below.
(u)    Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(v)    Exercise Price” means the per share price (if any) at which a holder of an Award granted hereunder may purchase the Shares issuable upon exercise of such Award.
(w)    Fair Market Value” as of a particular date shall mean the fair market value as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion; provided, however, that if the Share or other security is listed on a national securities exchange, the fair market value of such Share or other security on any date shall be its closing sale price reported on such date.
(x)    Fund” means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed (directly or indirectly) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(y)    Governing Documents” means the certificate of formation of the Company and the LLC Agreement or the successor governing documents of the Company as in effect from time to time, and, upon a Conversion, shall mean the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company as in effect from time to time.
(z)    Investment” shall mean any investment (or similar term describing the results of the deployment of capital) as defined in the governing document of any Fund managed (directly or indirectly) by a member of the Apollo Operating Group.
(aa)    LLC Agreement” means the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Apollo Global Management, LLC, dated as of March 19, 2018, as amended or amended and restated from time to time.
(bb)    LTIP Units” means Awards issued with respect to AOG Units, as more fully described in Section 10 below.
(cc)    Option” means an option to purchase Shares granted pursuant to Section 7 hereof.
(dd)    Other Share-Based Awards” means a right or other interest granted to a Participant under the Plan that may be denominated or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on or related to, Shares, including but not limited to restricted units, distribution equivalent rights, LTIP Units or performance units, each of which may be subject to the attainment of performance goals or a period of continued employment or other terms or conditions as permitted under the Plan.
(ee)    Participant” means any Eligible Recipient selected by the Administrator, pursuant to the Administrator’s authority in Section 3 below, to receive an Award, and upon his or her death, his or her successors, heirs, executors and administrators, as the case may be.
(ff)    Performance Shares” means Shares that are subject to restrictions based upon the attainment of specified performance objectives granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(gg)    Person” means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, limited partnership, estate, trust, business association, organization, governmental entity or other entity.
(hh)    Plan” means this Apollo Global Management, LLC 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (formerly known as the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan), as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.
(ii)    Portfolio Company” means any Person in which any Fund owns an Investment.
(jj)    Restricted Shares” means Shares subject to certain restrictions granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(kk)    Restricted Share Units” means the right to receive Shares at the end of a specified period, or upon specified dates, granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(ll)    SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
(mm)    Section 409A” means Section 409A of the Code and U.S. Department of Treasury regulations and interpretative guidance issued thereunder.
(nn)    Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(oo)    Shares” means the Company’s Class A Shares (as specified in the applicable Award Agreement) reserved for issuance under the Plan, as adjusted pursuant to the Plan, and any successor (pursuant to a merger, consolidation or other reorganization) security.
(pp)    Share Appreciation Right” means the right pursuant to an Award granted under Section 8 below to receive an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value, as of the date such Share Appreciation Right or portion thereof is surrendered, of the Shares covered by such right or such portion thereof, over (ii) the aggregate Exercise Price of such right or such portion thereof.
(qq)    Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, any other Person as to which such Person owns or otherwise controls, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the voting shares or other similar interests or a sole general partner interest or managing member or similar interest of such Person.
Section 3.    Administration.
(a)    The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator and shall be administered in accordance with the requirements of, to the extent applicable, Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act (“Rule 16b-3”).
(b)    Pursuant to the terms of the Plan, the Administrator, subject, in the case of any Committee, to any restrictions on the authority delegated to it by the Board, shall have the power and authority, without limitation:
(1)    to select those Eligible Recipients who shall be Participants;
(2)    to determine whether and to what extent Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares, Other Share-Based Awards or a combination of any of the foregoing, are to be granted hereunder to Participants;
(3)    to determine the number of Shares to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(4)    to determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, which shall govern all Awards and Award Agreements (including, but not limited to, (i) the restrictions applicable to Awards and the conditions under which restrictions applicable to such Awards shall lapse, (ii) the performance goals and periods applicable to Awards of Performance Shares, (iii) the Exercise Price, if any, of Awards, (iv) the vesting schedule (and, for unit Awards, Share issuance schedule) applicable to Awards, (v) the terms upon which Awards may be forfeited, (vi) the number of Shares subject to Awards, and (vii) any amendments or modifications to the terms and conditions of outstanding Awards, including, but not limited to, reducing the Exercise Price of such Awards, extending the exercise period of such Awards and accelerating the vesting schedule of such Awards);
(5)    to determine the fair market value with respect to any Award;
(6)    to determine the duration and purpose of leaves of absence which may be granted to a Participant without constituting a termination of the Participant’s employment for purposes of Options granted under the Plan;
(7)    to adopt, alter and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan as it shall from time to time deem advisable;
(8)    to construe and interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award issued under the Plan (and any Award Agreement relating thereto), and to otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan and to exercise all powers and authorities either specifically granted under the Plan or necessary and advisable in the administration of the Plan;
(9)    to delegate its authority, in whole or in part, under this Section 3 to two or more individuals (who may or may not be members of the Board), subject to the requirements of applicable law or any stock exchange on which the Shares are listed;
(10)    to determine the manner and timing of sales or other dispositions of Shares received pursuant to an Award, including by requiring that any such disposition occur on a date or dates designated by the Company or Administrator and/or pursuant to a block trade; and
(11)    to determine at any time whether, to what extent and under what circumstances and by what method or methods (including in the form of cash or other property) Awards may be settled by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates. In the event of such determination, references to the Company shall be deemed to be references to the applicable Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof for purposes of the Plan, as appropriate.
(c)    All decisions made by the Administrator pursuant to the provisions of the Plan shall be final, conclusive and binding on all Persons, including the Company and the Participants. No member of the Board or the Committee, nor any officer or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof acting on behalf of the Board or the Committee, shall be personally liable for any action, omission, determination or interpretation taken or made in good faith with respect to the Plan, and all members of the Board or the Committee and each and any officer or employee of the Company and of any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof acting on their behalf shall, to the maximum extent permitted by law, be fully indemnified and protected by the Company in respect of any such action, omission, determination or interpretation.
Section 4.    Shares Reserved for Issuance Under the Plan.
(a)    Subject to Section 5 hereof, the maximum number of Shares that may be delivered pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan was 95,000,000 Shares upon the 2011 amendment and restatement of the Plan, which number has been adjusted as provided under the Plan prior to the Restatement Date and is subject to adjustment as provided herein (the “Share Limit”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Share Limit shall be increased on the first day of each fiscal year beginning in calendar year 2019 by a number of Class A Shares equal to (x) the amount (if any) by which (i) 15% of the number of outstanding Class A Shares of the Company and those AOG Units that are exchangeable for Class A Shares of the Company on a fully converted and diluted basis on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year exceeds (ii) the number of Class A Shares then reserved and available for issuance under the Plan or the EPV Plan (i.e., subject to outstanding awards or available for new awards), or (y) such lesser amount by which the Administrator may decide to increase the number of Class A Shares as of such date. The aggregate shares covered by awards granted during any fiscal year to or in respect of any single individual under the Plan or any EPV Plan may equal, but shall not exceed (under both such plans collectively), (i) 10,000,000 shares subject to Options or Share Appreciation Rights or (ii) 10,000,000 shares subject to Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company adopts another shareholder-approved equity incentive plan that permits the grant of Awards to estate planning vehicles (an “EPV Plan”) established for the exclusive benefit of Eligible Recipients and/or their family members (as defined in Instruction A.1.(a)(5) of Form S-8 under the Securities Act, or a successor thereto, including estate planning vehicles in which the Eligible Recipient and/or his or her family members own 100% of the equity interests and more than 50% of the voting interest), then the number of shares granted under such EPV Plan shall reduce the number of Shares available for grant under the Plan, and the number of Shares granted under the Plan shall reduce the number of shares available for grant under such EPV Plan, unless expressly otherwise provided at the time of the approval of such EPV Plan by the Company’s shareholders.
(b)    Shares issued under the Plan may, in whole or in part, be authorized but unissued Shares or Shares that shall have been or may be reacquired by the Company or an Affiliate or Subsidiary thereof in the open market, in private transactions or otherwise. If any Shares subject to an Award are forfeited, cancelled, exchanged or surrendered, or if an Award otherwise terminates or expires without a distribution of Shares to the Participant, the Shares with respect to such Award shall, to the extent of any such forfeiture, cancellation, exchange, surrender, termination or expiration, again be available for outstanding or new Awards under the Plan.
Section 5.    Equitable Adjustments.
In the event of any Change in Capitalization, an equitable substitution or proportionate adjustment shall be made, in each case, in the manner to be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, in (i) the aggregate number of Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan and the maximum number of Shares that may be subject to Awards granted to any Participant in any calendar or fiscal year, (ii) the kind, number and Exercise Price subject to outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan, (iii) the kind, number and purchase price of Shares subject to outstanding Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards granted under the Plan, and (iv) annual Award limits or other value determinations (such as performance targets or vesting criteria) applicable to Shares subject to outstanding Awards; provided, however, that any fractional Shares resulting from the adjustment shall be eliminated. Equitable substitutions or adjustments shall also be made if the Administrator determines in its sole discretion that such adjustment is necessary in order to avoid an adverse impact on the value of any outstanding Award granted hereunder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in connection with a Change in Capitalization, the Administrator shall take such action as is necessary to adjust the outstanding Awards to reflect the Change in Capitalization, including, but not limited to, the cancellation of any outstanding Award granted hereunder in exchange for payment in cash or other property of the aggregate fair market value of the Shares covered by such Award under the circumstances (unless otherwise elected by the Administrator, to the extent then vested), reduced by the aggregate Exercise Price or purchase price thereof, if any, or the cancellation of any exercisable vested awards (e.g., Options or Share Appreciation Rights) not exercised within a specified period of time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such adjustment shall cause any Award that is subject to Section 409A to fail to comply with the requirements of such section, provided that under no circumstances shall the Company, the Administrator or any Affiliate or agent thereof have any liability to any Participant or associated Person as a result of any such failure. The Administrator’s determinations pursuant to this Section 5 shall be final, binding and conclusive.
Section 6.    Eligibility.
The Participants under the Plan shall be selected from time to time by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, from among Eligible Recipients.
Section 7.    Options.
(a)    General. Each Participant who is granted an Option shall enter into an Award Agreement with the Company, containing such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall determine, in its discretion, which Award Agreement shall set forth, among other things, the Exercise Price of the Option, the term of the Option and provisions regarding exercisability of the Option granted thereunder. The provisions of each Option need not be the same with respect to each Participant. More than one Option may be granted to the same Participant and be outstanding concurrently hereunder. Options granted under the Plan shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 7 and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(b)    Exercise Price. The Exercise Price of Shares purchasable under an Option shall be determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion at the time of grant, provided that the Exercise Price of any Option shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date of grant unless the Participant is not subject to Section 409A or the Option is otherwise designed to be compliant with Section 409A.
(c)    Option Term. The maximum term of each Option shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Option shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such Option is granted. Each Option’s term is subject to earlier expiration pursuant to the applicable provisions in the Plan and the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator shall have the authority to accelerate the exercisability of any outstanding Option at such time and under such circumstances as it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate.
(d)    Exercisability. Each Option shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions, including the attainment of preestablished corporate performance goals, as shall be determined by the Administrator in the applicable Award Agreement. The Administrator may also provide that any Option shall be exercisable only in installments, and the Administrator may waive such installment exercise provisions at any time, in whole or in part, based on such factors as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, an Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a Share.
(e)    Method of Exercise. Options may be exercised in whole or in part by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of Shares to be purchased, accompanied by payment in full of the aggregate Exercise Price of the Shares so purchased in cash or its equivalent, as determined by the Administrator. As determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, with respect to any Option or category of Options, payment in whole or in part may also be made (i) by means of consideration received under any cashless exercise procedure approved by the Administrator (including the withholding of Shares otherwise issuable upon exercise), (ii) in the form of unrestricted Shares already owned by the Participant which, (x) in the case of unrestricted Shares acquired upon exercise of an Option, have been held by the Participant for such period as may be established from time to time by the Administrator in order to avoid adverse accounting treatment under applicable accounting principles, and (y) have a Fair Market Value on the date of surrender equal to the aggregate Exercise Price of the Shares as to which such Option shall be exercised, (iii) any other form of consideration approved by the Administrator and permitted by applicable law or (iv) any combination of the foregoing.
(f)    Rights as Shareholder. A Participant shall have no rights to distributions or any other rights of a shareholder with respect to the Shares subject to an Option until the Participant has given written notice of exercise, has paid in full for such Shares, has satisfied the requirements of Section 13 hereof and, if requested, has given the representation described in paragraph (b) of Section 14 hereof or in the applicable Award Agreement.
(g)    Transfers of Options. Except as otherwise determined by the Administrator, no Option granted under the Plan shall be transferable by a Participant other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator in accordance with the provisions of the immediately preceding sentence, an Option may be exercised, during the lifetime of the Participant, only by the Participant or, during the period the Participant is under a legal disability, by the Participant’s guardian or legal representative. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, subject to applicable law, permit the gratuitous transfer during a Participant’s lifetime of an Option, (i) by gift to a member of the Participant’s immediate family, (ii) by transfer by instrument to a trust for the benefit of such immediate family members, or (iii) to a partnership or limited liability company in which such family members are the only partners or members; provided, however, that, in addition to such other terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine in connection with any such transfer, no transferee may further assign, sell, hypothecate or otherwise transfer the transferred Option, in whole or in part, other than by will or by operation of the laws of descent and distribution. Each permitted transferee shall agree to be bound by the provisions of this Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
(h)    Termination of Employment or Service.
(1)    Unless the applicable Award Agreement provides otherwise, in the event that the employment or service of a Participant with the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof shall terminate for any reason other than Cause, Disability, or death, (x) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they are exercisable at the time of such termination, shall remain exercisable until the date that is 90 days after such termination, on which date they shall expire, and (y) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were not exercisable at the time of such termination, shall expire at the close of business on the date of such termination. The 90-day period described in this Section 7(h)(1) shall be extended to one year after the date of such termination in the event of the Participant’s death during such 90-day period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of its term.
(2)    Unless the applicable Award Agreement provides otherwise, in the event that the employment or service of a Participant with the Company or any Subsidiary shall terminate on account of the Disability or death of the Participant, (A) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were exercisable at the time of such termination, shall remain exercisable until the date that is one year after such termination, on which date they shall expire and (B) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were not exercisable at the time of such termination, shall expire at the close of business on the date of such termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of its term.
(3)    In the event of the termination of a Participant’s employment or service for Cause, all outstanding Options granted to such Participant shall expire at the commencement of business on the date of such termination.
Section 8.    Share Appreciation Rights.
(a)    General. Share Appreciation Rights may be granted either alone (“Standalone Rights”) or in conjunction with all or part of any other Award granted under the Plan (“Tandem Rights”). Tandem Rights may be granted either at or after the time of the grant of such Award. The Administrator shall determine the Eligible Recipients to whom, and the time or times at which, grants of Share Appreciation Rights shall be made, the number of Shares to be awarded, the price per Share, and all other conditions of Share Appreciation Rights. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Tandem Right may be granted for more Shares than are subject to the Award to which it relates and (unless the Participant is not subject to Section 409A or the Share Appreciation Right is otherwise designed to be compliant with Section 409A) any Share Appreciation Right must be granted with an Exercise Price not less than the Fair Market Value of such Shares on the date of grant. The provisions of Share Appreciation Rights need not be the same with respect to each Participant. Share Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan shall be subject to the following terms and conditions set forth in this Section 8 and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable, as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(b)    Awards. The prospective recipient of a Share Appreciation Right shall not have any rights with respect to such Award, unless and until such recipient has executed an Award Agreement and delivered a fully executed copy thereof to the Company, within a period of 60 days (or such other period as the Administrator may specify) after the award date. Participants who are granted Share Appreciation Rights shall have no rights as shareholders of the Company with respect to the grant or exercise of such rights.
(c)    Exercisability.
(1)    Share Appreciation Rights that are Standalone Rights (“Standalone Share Appreciation Rights”) shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after grant.
(2)    Share Appreciation Rights that are Tandem Rights (“Tandem Share Appreciation Rights”) shall be exercisable only at such time or times and to the extent that the Awards to which they relate shall be exercisable in accordance with the provisions of Section 7 above and this Section 8 of the Plan.
(d)    Payment Upon Exercise.
(1)    Upon the exercise of a Standalone Share Appreciation Right, the Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but not more than, that number of Shares equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the date of exercise over the price per Share specified in the Standalone Share Appreciation Right multiplied by the number of Shares in respect of which the Standalone Share Appreciation Right is being exercised, with the Administrator having the right to determine the form of payment.
(2)    A Tandem Right may be exercised by a Participant by surrendering the applicable portion of the related Award. Upon such exercise and surrender, the Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but not more than, that number of Shares equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the date of exercise over the Exercise Price specified in the related Award (which price shall be no less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of such Share on the date of grant unless the Participant is not subject to Section 409A or the Tandem Right is otherwise designed to be compliant with Section 409A) multiplied by the number of Shares in respect of which the Tandem Share Appreciation Right is being exercised, with the Administrator having the right to determine the form of payment. Awards that have been so surrendered, in whole or in part, shall no longer be exercisable to the extent the Tandem Rights have been so exercised.
(3)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may determine to settle the exercise of a Share Appreciation Right in cash (or in any combination of Shares and cash).
(e)    Non-Transferability.
(1)    Standalone Share Appreciation Rights shall be transferable only when and to the extent that an Option would be transferable under Section 7 of the Plan.
(2)    Tandem Share Appreciation Rights shall be transferable only when and to the extent that the underlying Award would be transferable, if it were an Option, under Section 7 of the Plan.
(f)    Termination of Employment or Service.
(1)    In the event of the termination of employment or service with the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of a Participant who has been granted one or more Standalone Share Appreciation Rights, such rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after grant.
(2)    In the event of the termination of employment or service with the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of a Participant who has been granted one or more Tandem Share Appreciation Rights, such rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as set forth in the Award Agreement for the Award to which the Tandem Share Appreciation Right relates.
(g)    Term.
(1)    The term of each Standalone Share Appreciation Right shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Standalone Share Appreciation Right shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such right is granted.
(2)    The term of each Tandem Share Appreciation Right shall be the term of the Award to which it relates, but no Tandem Share Appreciation Right shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such right is granted.
Section 9.    Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares.
(a)    General. Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares may be issued either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under the Plan. The Administrator shall determine the Eligible Recipients to whom, and the time or times at which, Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares shall be made; the number of Shares to be awarded; the price, if any, to be paid by the Participant for the acquisition of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares; the “Restricted Period” (as defined in the applicable Award Agreement), if any, applicable to Awards of Restricted Shares or Restricted Share Units; the performance objectives applicable to Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares; and all other conditions of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares. The Administrator may also condition the grant of the award of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares upon the exercise of Options, or upon such other criteria as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion. If the restrictions, performance objectives and/or conditions established by the Administrator are not attained, a Participant shall forfeit his or her Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares. The provisions of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares need not be the same with respect to each Participant.
(b)    Awards and Certificates. The prospective recipient of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares shall not have any rights with respect to any such Award, unless and until such recipient has executed an Award Agreement and delivered a fully executed copy thereof to the Company, within a period of 60 days (or such other period as the Administrator may specify) after the award date. Except as otherwise provided below in this Section 9, (i) each Participant who is granted an Award of Restricted Shares or Performance Shares shall be issued a certificate in respect of such Restricted Shares or Performance Shares (or such other appropriate evidence of ownership, including book entry, as determined by the Administrator), and (ii) such certificate (or other evidence of ownership) shall be registered in the name of the Participant, and, if appropriate, shall bear a legend referring to the terms, conditions and restrictions applicable to any such Award.
(1)    The Company may require that any certificates evidencing Restricted Shares or Performance Shares granted hereunder be held in the custody of the Company until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed, and that, as a condition of any Award of Restricted Shares or Performance Shares, the Participant shall have delivered a power of attorney, endorsed in blank, relating to the Shares covered by such Award.
(2)    With respect to Awards of Restricted Share Units, at such times as are indicated in the applicable Award Agreement, certificates (or such other appropriate evidence of ownership, including book entry, as determined by the Administrator) in respect of such Restricted Share Units shall be delivered to the Participant, or his legal representative, in a number equal to the number of Shares the Participant is entitled to be issued pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement.
(c)    Restrictions and Conditions. Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares granted pursuant to this Section 9 shall be subject to the following restrictions and conditions and any additional restrictions or conditions as determined by the Administrator at the time of grant or thereafter:
(1)    Subject to the provisions of the Plan and except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement governing any such Award, during such period as may be set by the Administrator commencing on the date of grant, the Participant shall not be permitted to sell, transfer, pledge or assign Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares awarded under the Plan; provided, however, that the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions in whole or in part based on such factors and such circumstances as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance related goals, the Participant’s termination of employment or service as a director, partner or Consultant of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, and the Participant’s death or Disability.
(2)    Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant shall generally not have the rights of a shareholder with respect to Shares subject to Awards of Restricted Share Units until such Shares are issued in accordance with the terms of the Award Agreement. Except as may be provided in the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant shall generally have the rights of a shareholder of the Company with respect to Restricted Shares or Performance Shares; provided, however, that unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, the Participant shall not have rights to any distributions declared on unvested Restricted Shares or Performance Shares.
(3)    The rights of a Participant, upon termination during the Restricted Period of employment or service as a director or Consultant to the Company, or to any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, in respect of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares granted to such Participant, shall be set forth in the Award Agreement or another authorized written instrument and subject to the Plan.
Section 10.    Other Share-Based Awards.
(a)    The Administrator is authorized to grant Awards to Participants in the form of Other Share-Based Awards, as deemed by the Administrator to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan and as evidenced by an Award Agreement, including, but not limited to, Awards of LTIP Units, Awards of restricted units and unrestricted Shares and Awards that are valued in whole or in part by reference to Shares, including Awards valued by reference to book value, fair value or performance of an Affiliate or Subsidiary, other interests or AOG Units, including distribution equivalent rights and performance units of any of the foregoing. Other Share-Based Awards may be granted as free-standing Awards or in tandem with other Awards under the Plan. The Administrator shall determine the terms and conditions of such Awards, consistent with the terms of the Plan, at the date of grant or thereafter, including any performance goals and performance periods. Shares or other securities or property delivered pursuant to an Award in the nature of a purchase right granted under this Section 10 shall be purchased for such consideration, paid for at such times, by such methods, and in such forms, including, without limitation, Shares, other Awards, notes or other property, as the Administrator shall determine, subject to any required corporate action. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, settle such Other Share-Based Awards for cash or other property as appropriate. The provisions of Other Share-Based Awards need not be the same with respect to each Participant.
(b)    LTIP Units may be granted as free-standing Awards or in tandem with other Awards under the Plan, and may be valued by reference to the Shares, and will be subject to such other conditions and restrictions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may determine, including, but not limited to, continued employment or service, computation of financial metrics and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. LTIP Unit Awards, whether vested or unvested, may entitle the participant to receive, currently or on a deferred or contingent basis, distributions or distribution equivalent payments with respect to the number of Shares corresponding to the LTIP Unit or other distributions from AOG and the Administrator may provide in the applicable Award Agreement that such amounts (if any) shall be deemed to have been reinvested in additional Shares or LTIP Units. The LTIP Units granted under the Plan, subject to such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to the conversion ratio, may be exchanged for Shares in accordance with applicable Company agreement(s) governing such exchanges. LTIP Units may be structured as “profits interests,” “capital interests” or other types of interests for federal income tax purposes. The Administrator has the authority to determine the number of Shares underlying an Award of LTIP Units in light of all applicable circumstances, including performance-based vesting conditions, operating partnership “capital account allocations,” partnership or other operating agreements with respect to AOG, the Code, or value accretion factors and conversion ratios.
(c)    Subject to the provisions of the Plan and except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement governing any such Award, during such period as may be set by the Administrator commencing on the date of grant, the Participant shall not be permitted to sell, transfer, pledge or assign any Other Share-Based Awards awarded under the Plan; provided, however, that the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions in whole or in part based on such factors and such circumstances as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance-related goals, the Participant’s termination of employment or service as a director, partner or Consultant of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, or the Participant’s death or Disability.
Section 11.    Amendment and Termination.
The Board may amend, alter or terminate the Plan, but, subject to Sections 5 and 17 of the Plan, no amendment, alteration or termination shall be made that would materially impair the rights of a Participant under any Award theretofore granted without the Participant’s consent. Unless the Board determines otherwise, the Board shall obtain approval of the Company’s shareholders for any amendment that would require such approval in order to satisfy the requirements of any rules of the stock exchange on which the Shares are listed or other law, in each case to the extent applicable. The Administrator may amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Sections 5 and 17, no such amendment shall materially impair the rights of any Participant without his or her consent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant’s consent shall not be required to the extent the Administrator, in its sole discretion, determines that an amendment, alteration or termination of the Plan or an Award is required or advisable (i) in order for the Company, the Plan or the Award to satisfy any law or regulation, to meet the requirements of any accounting standard or to correct an administrative error, or to reflect or give effect to a change in law, or (ii) to ensure compliance with the Exchange Act or another applicable law, or any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder.
Section 12.    Unfunded Status of Plan.
The Plan is intended to constitute an “unfunded” plan for incentive compensation. With respect to any payments not yet made to a Participant by the Company, nothing contained herein shall give any such Participant any rights that are greater than those of a general creditor of the Company.
Section 13.    Withholding Taxes.
Each Participant shall, no later than the date as of which the value of an Award first becomes subject to tax for U.S. federal, state or local income or other tax purposes and/or for any non-U.S. tax purposes, pay to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as determined by the Administrator), or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator regarding payment of, any taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld or accounted for by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates with respect to the Award. The obligations of the Company under the Plan shall be conditional on the making of such payments or arrangements, and the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Participant. Whenever cash is to be paid pursuant to an Award granted hereunder, the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall have the right to deduct therefrom an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements (or local taxes required to be accounted for by the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates) related thereto. Whenever Shares are to be delivered pursuant to an Award or taxes otherwise become due with respect to an Award, the Company shall have the right to require the Participant to remit to the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates in cash an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements (or local taxes required to be accounted for by the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates) related thereto. In addition, the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, and Participants who are subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act in relation to the Company, may elect to satisfy the foregoing requirement by withholding from delivery Shares having a value equal to not more than the amount of tax permitted to be withheld or paid without triggering liability accounting or other adverse accounting treatment under applicable accounting standards (or, with the approval of the Administrator, (i) such method may be elected by a Participant who is not subject to Section 16, or (ii) a Participant may deliver already owned unrestricted Shares). Such shares shall be valued at their fair market value on the date that the amount of tax to be withheld or paid is determined. Solely for this purpose, fractional share amounts shall be settled in cash. Such an election may be made with respect to all or any portion of the Shares to be delivered pursuant to an Award. The Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates may also use any other method or procedure of obtaining the necessary payment or proceeds, as permitted by law, to satisfy their withholding or other tax obligations with respect to any Option or other Award and the Participant shall comply with any reasonable requests made by the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates to complete and execute documentation necessary to implement such method or procedure.
Section 14.    General Provisions.
(a)    Compliance with Law. Shares shall not be issued pursuant to the exercise of any Award granted hereunder unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all relevant rules and provisions of law, including, without limitation, the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Shares may then be listed, and the requirements for the treatment intended by the Company under applicable accounting rules, and shall be further subject to the approval of the Administrator with respect to such compliance. The Company shall be under no obligation to register the Shares pursuant to the Securities Act or any other federal or state securities laws. Any disposition of Shares received pursuant to an Award shall be subject to compliance with the foregoing rules, requirements and laws, as determined by the Administrator.
(b)    Legending and Other Considerations. The Administrator may require each Person acquiring Shares to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such Person is acquiring the Shares without a view to distribution thereof. The certificates for such Shares may include any legend that the Administrator deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on transfer which the Administrator determines, in its sole discretion, arise under applicable securities laws or are otherwise applicable. All certificates for Shares delivered under the Plan shall be subject to such stop-transfer orders and other restrictions as the Administrator may deem advisable under the rules, regulations, and other requirements of the SEC, any stock exchange upon which the Shares may then be listed, and any applicable federal or state securities law, and the Administrator may cause a legend or legends to be placed on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.
(c)    Lock-Up Agreements. The Administrator may require a Participant receiving Shares pursuant to the Plan, as a condition precedent to receipt of such Shares, to enter into a shareholder agreement or “lock-up” agreement in such form as the Board or the Committee shall determine is necessary or desirable to further the Company’s interests.
(d)    No Right to Continued Service. The adoption of the Plan shall not confer upon any Eligible Recipient any right to continued employment or service with the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, as the case may be, nor shall it interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof to terminate the employment or service of any of its Eligible Recipients at any time.
(e)    Governing Law; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial. The Plan and all Awards shall be governed by, interpreted under, and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws, and not the laws pertaining to conflicts or choices of laws, of the State of Delaware applicable to agreements made and to be performed wholly within the State of Delaware. The agreed venue and method for resolving disputes relating to an Award Agreement or the Plan shall be as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement, or in the absence of such provision, as applies to disputes relating to or arising out of the Participant’s service with the Company and its Affiliates, including the termination thereof. Unless otherwise specifically provided by explicit reference to the jury waiver provision in this Section 14(e) in an applicable Award Agreement, each Participant, TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, WAIVES, AND COVENANTS THAT THE PARTICIPANT WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE) ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION ARISING IN WHOLE OR IN PART UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PLAN OR ANY AWARD AGREEMENT, WHETHER ARISING BEFORE OR AFTER THE RESTATEMENT DATE, AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, AND AGREES THAT ANY OF THE COMPANY OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES OR THE PARTICIPANT MAY FILE A COPY OF THIS PARAGRAPH WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE KNOWING, VOLUNTARY AND BARGAINED-FOR AGREEMENT AMONG THE COMPANY AND ITS AFFILIATES, ON THE ONE HAND, AND THE PARTICIPANT, ON THE OTHER HAND, IRREVOCABLY TO WAIVE ITS RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY PROCEEDING WHATSOEVER BETWEEN THEM RELATING TO THE PLAN OR ANY AWARD AGREEMENT, AND THAT ANY SUCH PROCEEDING WILL INSTEAD BE TRIED IN A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION BY A JUDGE SITTING WITHOUT A JURY.
(f)    Certain Changes in Employment Status. Unless otherwise specifically provided in the applicable Award Agreement or otherwise, an Award (including an Option) shall be affected, both with regard to vesting schedule and termination, by leaves of absence, changes from full-time to part-time employment, partial disability or other changes in the employment status of a Participant, in the sole discretion of the Administrator. The Administrator shall follow applicable written policies (if any) of the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, including such rules, guidelines and practices as may be adopted pursuant to Section 3 hereof, as they may be in effect from time to time, with regard to such matters.
(g)    Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications with respect to the Plan or any Award Agreement to any party shall be deemed to be sufficient if contained in a written instrument delivered in person or sent by facsimile (provided a copy is thereafter promptly delivered as provided in this Section 14(g)) or by a nationally recognized overnight courier. If to the Company, such notice shall be sent to Apollo Global Management, LLC, Attention: Global Head of Human Capital, 9 West 57th St. 48th Floor, New York, NY 10019. If to a Participant, such notice shall be delivered by hand or sent to the last home address of such Participant on file with the Company.
(h)    Regional Variation. The Administrator reserves the right to authorize the establishment of, and to grant Awards pursuant to, annexes, sub-plans or other supplementary documentation as the Administrator deems appropriate in light of local laws, rules and customs.
(i)    Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any Award by electronic means or to request the Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Each Participant, by accepting an Award, thereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and, if requested, to participate in the Plan through an online or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or a third party designated by the Company.
(j)    Section 16. It is the intent of the Company that the Plan satisfy, and be interpreted in a manner that satisfies, the applicable requirements of Rule 16b-3 as promulgated under Section 16 of the Exchange Act so that Participants subject to Section 16 will be entitled to the benefit of Rule 16b-3, or any other rule promulgated under Section 16 of the Exchange Act, and will not be subject to short-swing liability under Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, if the operation of any provision of the Plan would conflict with the intent expressed in this Section 14(j), such provision to the extent possible shall be interpreted and/or deemed amended so as to avoid such conflict.
(k)    Severability. If any provision of the Plan or an Award Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, whether in whole or in part, such provision shall be deemed modified to the extent, but only to the extent, of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability and the remaining provisions shall not be affected thereby.
(l)    Headings. The headings in the Plan and any Award Agreement are for purposes of convenience only and are not intended to define or limit the construction of the provisions hereof or thereof.
Section 15.    Effective Date.
The Plan initially became effective upon adoption by the Board and approval by the shareholders as of October 23, 2007. The Plan as amended, restated and renamed was adopted by the Board on June 19, 2019 and approved by the shareholders on June 20, 2019, in each case effective as of the twentieth day after the mailing of the associated information statement on Schedule 14C under the Exchange Act (the “Restatement Date”).
Section 16.    Term of Plan.
No Award shall be granted pursuant to the Plan on or after the tenth anniversary of the Restatement Date, but Awards theretofore granted may extend beyond that date. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any earlier date pursuant to Section 11 hereof. No Awards may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.
Section 17.    Section 409A.
To the extent applicable, this Plan and Awards issued hereunder shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A, including, without limitation, any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the Restatement Date. Notwithstanding other provisions of the Plan or any Award Agreements thereunder, it is intended that no Award shall be granted, deferred, accelerated, extended, paid out or modified under this Plan in a manner that would result in the imposition of an additional U.S. tax under Section 409A upon a Participant. In the event that it is reasonably determined by the Administrator that, as a result of Section 409A, payments in respect of any Award under the Plan may not be made at the time contemplated by the terms of the Plan or the relevant Award Agreement, as the case may be, without causing the Participant holding such Award to be subject to taxation under Section 409A, the Company may take whatever actions the Administrator determines necessary or advisable to comply with, or exempt the Plan and Award Agreement from the requirements of, Section 409A. Furthermore, to the extent necessary to avoid the imposition of an additional tax under Section 409A, any payment of “deferred compensation” by the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof (whether pursuant to the Plan or otherwise) arising solely due to a “separation from service” (and not by reason of the lapse of a “substantial risk of forfeiture”), as such terms are used in Section 409A, to a Participant who is a “specified employee” as defined in Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) and Treasury Regulation §1.409A-1(i)(1), shall be delayed (to the extent otherwise payable prior to such date) and paid on the first day following the six-month period beginning on the date of the Participant’s separation from service under Section 409A (or, if earlier, upon the Participant’s death). Neither the Company, the Administrator nor any employee, director, advisor or representative of the Company or of any of its Affiliates shall have any (i) obligation to take any action to prevent the assessment of any penalty or tax on any Person under Section 409A for any Award, or (ii) liability to Participants or other Persons with respect to this Section 17 or Section 409A taxes or penalties.
Section 18.    Set-Off.
Unless otherwise expressly provided in an agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, to the extent permitted by Section 409A, the Company or any Affiliate, as applicable, shall have the right to offset against any amount owed to a Participant any amounts that are due by such Participant to the Company or any Affiliate but unpaid.
Section 19.    Data Privacy.
(a)    For Participants who reside in the European Union or are associated with an Affiliate established in the European Union, the Company processes personal data in association with such Participants’ participation in the Plan as described in the European Union privacy notice in effect under the Plan from time to time, which notice is available upon request from the Company’s human capital department.
(b)    For other Participants, and to the extent permitted by law, as a condition of receipt of any Award, each Participant explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of personal data as described in this Section 19 by and among, as applicable, the Company and its Affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. This paragraph (b) applies to such other Participants. The Company and its Affiliates may hold certain personal information about a Participant, including, but not limited to, the Participant’s name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security or insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title(s), any shares of stock held in the Company or any of its Affiliates, details of all Awards, in each case, for the purpose of implementing, managing and administering the Plan and Awards (the “Data”). To the extent permitted by law, the Company and its Affiliates may transfer the Data among themselves as necessary for the purpose of implementation, administration and management of a Participant’s participation in the Plan, and the Company and its Affiliates may each further transfer the Data to any third parties assisting the Company and its Affiliates in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. These recipients may be located in the Participant’s country, or elsewhere, and the Participant’s country may have different data privacy laws and protections than the recipients’ country. To the extent permitted by law, through acceptance of an Award, each Participant authorizes such recipients to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan, including any requisite transfer of such Data as may be required to a broker or other third party with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Participant may elect to deposit any Shares. A Participant may, at any time, view the Data held by the Company with respect to such Participant, request additional information about the storage and processing of the Data with respect to such Participant, recommend any necessary corrections to the Data with respect to the Participant or refuse or withdraw the consents herein in writing, in any case without cost, by contacting his or her local human capital representative. The Company may cancel the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan and, in the Administrator’s sole discretion, the Participant may forfeit any outstanding Awards if the Participant refuses or withdraws his or her consents as described herein. For more information on the consequences of refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, Participants may contact the Company’s human capital department.
[END OF PLAN]

    
Exhibit 10.2

APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
2019 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN FOR ESTATE PLANNING VEHICLES
Section 1.Purpose of Plan.
The name of this plan is the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan for Estate Planning Vehicles. The purpose of the Plan is to provide additional incentive to selected employees, directors, and other service providers of the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as hereinafter defined) whose contributions are integral to the growth and success of the Company’s business, in order to strengthen the commitment of such persons to the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, motivate such persons to faithfully and diligently perform their responsibilities and attract and retain competent and dedicated persons whose efforts shall result in the long-term growth and profitability of the Company, and to enable Estate Planning Vehicles associated with Eligible Recipients to receive Awards. To accomplish these purposes, the Plan provides that the Company may (or may cause a Subsidiary or Affiliate to) grant (a) Options, (b) Share Appreciation Rights, (c) Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards, or (d) any combination of the foregoing. Upon a Conversion (as hereinafter defined), without the consent or action of any Person, the Plan shall be renamed to reflect the Company’s corporate name and conforming changes shall be made or deemed made to the Plan, Awards, Award Agreements and associated documentation.
Section 2.    Definitions.
For purposes of the Plan, the following terms shall be defined as set forth below:
(a)    Administrator” means the Board, or if and to the extent the Board does not administer the Plan, the Committee in accordance with Section 3 hereof.
(b)    Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Person in question. As used herein, “control” means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
(c)    AOG” means the Apollo Operating Group.
(d)    AOG Unit” refers to a unit in the Apollo Operating Group, which represents one limited partnership interest (or limited liability company interest, as applicable) in each of the limited partnerships and limited liability companies that comprise a part of the Apollo Operating Group and any securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such AOG Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
(e)    Apollo Operating Group” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the most recent Annual Report of the Company on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC from time to time.
(f)    Award” means, individually or collectively, any Option, Share Appreciation Right, Restricted Share, Restricted Share Unit, Performance Share, unrestricted Share or Other Share-Based Award granted under the Plan.
(g)    Award Agreement” means any written agreement, contract or other instrument or document evidencing an Award.
(h)    A “Beneficial Owner” of a security is a Person who directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise has or shares: (i) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security; and/or (ii) investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security. The term “Beneficially Own” shall have a correlative meaning.
(i)    Board” means AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and the sole manager of the Company, except that at such time as AGM Management, LLC ceases to have all management powers over the business and affairs of the Company in accordance with Section 6.1 of the LLC Agreement, or upon a Conversion, the “Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company or any committee or subcommittee thereof that has been delegated, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the full power and authority of the Board of Directors of the Company.
(j)    Cause” means, unless otherwise provided in an applicable Award Agreement, a termination of employment or service, based upon a finding by the Company, acting in good faith based on the information then available to it, after the occurrence of any of the following: (1) the Eligible Recipient is convicted or charged with a criminal offense; (2) the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s intentional violation of law in connection with any transaction involving the purchase, sale, loan or other disposition of, or the rendering of investment advice with respect to, any security, futures or forward contract, insurance contract, debt instrument, financial instrument or currency; (3) the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s dishonesty, bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or willful or reckless disregard of duties in connection with the performance of any services on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s engagement in conduct which is injurious to the Company or any of its Affiliates, monetarily or otherwise; (4) the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s intentional failure to comply with any reasonable directive by a supervisor in connection with the performance of any services on behalf of the Company of any of its Affiliates; (5) the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s intentional breach of any material provision of an Award Agreement or any other agreements of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (6) the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s material violation of any written policies adopted by the Company or any of its Affiliates governing the conduct of persons performing services on behalf of the Company or such Affiliate or the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s non-adherence to Apollo’s policies and procedures or other applicable compliance manuals of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (7) the taking of or omission to take any action that has caused or substantially contributed to a material deterioration in the business or reputation of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or that was otherwise materially disruptive to the business or affairs of the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided, however, that the term Cause shall not include for this purpose any mistake of judgment made in good faith with respect to any transaction respecting a portfolio investment or account managed by the Company; (8) the failure by the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient to devote a significant portion of time to performing services as an agent of the Company without the prior written consent of the Company, other than by reason of death or Disability; (9) the obtaining by the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient of any material improper personal benefit as a result of a breach by such Person of any covenant or agreement (including, without limitation, a breach by the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient of the Company’s code of ethics or a material breach of other written policies furnished to the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient relating to personal investment transactions or of any covenant, agreement, representation or warranty contained in any limited partnership agreement, limited liability company agreement or similar agreement); or (10) the Participant’s or associated Eligible Recipient’s suspension or other disciplinary action against such Person by an applicable regulatory authority; provided, however, that if a failure, breach, violation or action or omission described in any of clauses (4) to (7) is capable of being cured, the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient has failed to do so after being given notice and a reasonable opportunity to cure. As used in this definition, “material” means “more than de minimis.”
(k)    Change in Capitalization” means any (i) merger, consolidation, reclassification, recapitalization, spin-off, spin-out, repurchase or other reorganization or corporate transaction or event, (ii) distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, or other property), share split or reverse share split, (iii) combination or exchange of shares, (iv) other change in structure, or (v) declaration of a distribution, which the Administrator determines, in its sole discretion, affects the Shares such that an adjustment pursuant to Section 5 hereof is appropriate.
(l)    Class A Shares” means (a) prior to a Conversion, the Class A Common Shares of the Company representing limited liability company interests in the Company, having such rights associated with such Class A Common Shares as set forth in the LLC Agreement, and (b) following a Conversion, the shares of Class A common stock of the Company, and in each case any equity securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Class A Shares (i) by way of a distribution, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
(m)    Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time. Any reference herein to a specific section or sections of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to any corresponding provision of any successor law.
(n)    Committee” means the Board or any committee or subcommittee the Board that is delegated the power and authority of the Board or committee, as applicable, to administer the Plan from time to time. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the Committee shall be composed entirely of individuals who meet the qualifications of a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act and any other qualifications required by the applicable stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. If at any time or to any extent the Board shall not administer the Plan, then the functions of the Administrator specified in the Plan shall be exercised by the Committee. Except as otherwise provided in the Governing Documents, any action of the Committee with respect to the administration of the Plan shall be taken by a majority vote at a meeting at which a quorum is duly constituted or by unanimous written consent of the Committee’s members.
(o)    Company” means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and any successors thereto or any continuation thereof, including by a Conversion.
(p)    Consultant” means a consultant or advisor who is a natural person, engaged to render bona fide services to the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof.
(q)    Conversion” means a conversion (irrespective of how effected) of Apollo Global Management, LLC from a limited liability company to a corporation.
(r)    Disabled” shall have the meaning provided under Section 409A(a)(2)(C) of the Code and “Disability” shall have a correlative meaning.  Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Plan, the definition of “Disabled,” “Disability” or any analogous term in an Award Agreement shall supersede the foregoing definition; provided, however, that if no definition of “Disabled,” “Disability” or any analogous term is set forth in such Award Agreement, the foregoing definition shall apply.
(s)    Effective Date” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 15.
(t)    Eligible Recipient” means an employee, director, partner, Consultant, member, LLP member (as that term is used in the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000 (UK)) of, or any other individual engaged by, the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, who has been selected as an eligible participant by the Administrator (and in respect of whom any reference to “employment” shall be interpreted as including a reference to the Eligible Recipient’s engagement by the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, in any capacity (including, for the avoidance of doubt, status as a member of a limited liability partnership or similar vehicle), as the case may require).
(u)    Estate Planning Vehicle” means an estate planning vehicle (i) established for the exclusive benefit of an Eligible Recipient and/or such Eligible Recipient’s family members (as defined in Instruction A.1.(a)(5) of Form S-8 under the Securities Act, or a successor thereto), or (ii) in which the Eligible Recipient and/or the Eligible Recipient’s family members own 100% of the equity interests and more than 50% of the voting interest.
(v)    Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(w)    Exercise Price” means the per share price (if any) at which a holder of an Award granted hereunder may purchase the Shares issuable upon exercise of such Award.
(x)    Fair Market Value” as of a particular date shall mean the fair market value as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion; provided, however, that if the Share or other security is listed on a national securities exchange, the fair market value of such Share or other security on any date shall be its closing sale price reported on such date.
(y)    Fund” means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed (directly or indirectly) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(z)    Governing Documents” means the certificate of formation of the Company and the LLC Agreement or the successor governing documents of the Company as in effect from time to time, and, upon a Conversion, shall mean the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company as in effect from time to time.
(aa)    Investment” shall mean any investment (or similar term describing the results of the deployment of capital) as defined in the governing document of any Fund managed (directly or indirectly) by a member of the Apollo Operating Group.
(bb)    LLC Agreement” means the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Apollo Global Management, LLC, dated as of March 19, 2018, as amended or amended and restated from time to time.
(cc)    LTIP Units” means Awards issued with respect to AOG Units, as more fully described in Section 10 below.
(dd)    Option” means an option to purchase Shares granted pursuant to Section 7 hereof.
(ee)    Other Share-Based Awards” means a right or other interest granted to a Participant under the Plan that may be denominated or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on or related to, Shares, including but not limited to restricted units, distribution equivalent rights, LTIP Units or performance units, each of which may be subject to the attainment of performance goals or a period of continued employment or other terms or conditions as permitted under the Plan.
(ff)    Participant” means any Estate Planning Vehicle selected by the Administrator, pursuant to the Administrator’s authority in Section 3 below, to receive grants of Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Awards of Restricted Shares, Awards of unrestricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, Other Share-Based Awards or any combination of the foregoing, and any successor approved by the Administrator.
(gg)    Performance Shares” means Shares that are subject to restrictions based upon the attainment of specified performance objectives granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(hh)    Person” means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, limited partnership, estate, trust, business association, organization, governmental entity or other entity.
(ii)    Plan” means this Apollo Global Management, LLC 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan for Estate Planning Vehicles, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.
(jj)    Portfolio Company” means any Person in which any Fund owns an Investment.
(kk)    Restricted Shares” means Shares subject to certain restrictions granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(ll)    Restricted Share Units” means the right to receive Shares at the end of a specified period, or upon specified dates, granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(mm)    SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
(nn)    Section 409A” means Section 409A of the Code and U.S. Department of Treasury regulations and interpretative guidance issued thereunder.
(oo)    Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(pp)    Shares” means the Company’s Class A Shares (as specified in the applicable Award Agreement) reserved for issuance under the Plan, as adjusted pursuant to the Plan, and any successor (pursuant to a merger, consolidation or other reorganization) security.
(qq)    Share Appreciation Right” means the right pursuant to an Award granted under Section 8 below to receive an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value, as of the date such Share Appreciation Right or portion thereof is surrendered, of the Shares covered by such right or such portion thereof, over (ii) the aggregate Exercise Price of such right or such portion thereof.
(rr)    Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, any other Person as to which such Person owns or otherwise controls, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the voting shares or other similar interests or a sole general partner interest or managing member or similar interest of such Person.
(ss)    2019 Plan” means the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (formerly known as the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan), as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.
Section 3.    Administration.
(a)    The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator and shall be administered in accordance with the requirements of, to the extent applicable, Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act (“Rule 16b-3”).
(b)    Pursuant to the terms of the Plan, the Administrator, subject, in the case of any Committee, to any restrictions on the authority delegated to it by the Board, shall have the power and authority, without limitation:
(1)    to select those Estate Planning Vehicles that shall be Participants;
(2)    to determine whether and to what extent Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares, Other Share-Based Awards or a combination of any of the foregoing, are to be granted hereunder to Participants;
(3)    to determine the number of Shares to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(4)    to determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, which shall govern all Awards and Award Agreements (including, but not limited to, (i) the restrictions applicable to Awards and the conditions under which restrictions applicable to such Awards shall lapse, (ii) the performance goals and periods applicable to Awards of Performance Shares, (iii) the Exercise Price, if any, of Awards, (iv) the vesting schedule (and, for unit Awards, Share issuance schedule) applicable to Awards, (v) the terms upon which Awards may be forfeited, (vi) the number of Shares subject to Awards, and (vii) any amendments or modifications to the terms and conditions of outstanding Awards, including, but not limited to, reducing the Exercise Price of such Awards, extending the exercise period of such Awards and accelerating the vesting schedule of such Awards);
(5)    to determine the fair market value with respect to any Award;
(6)    to determine the duration and purpose of leaves of absence which may be granted to a Participant without constituting a termination of the associated Eligible Recipient’s employment for purposes of Options granted under the Plan;
(7)    to adopt, alter and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan as it shall from time to time deem advisable;
(8)    to construe and interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award issued under the Plan (and any Award Agreement relating thereto), and to otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan and to exercise all powers and authorities either specifically granted under the Plan or necessary and advisable in the administration of the Plan;
(9)    to delegate its authority, in whole or in part, under this Section 3 to two or more individuals (who may or may not be members of the Board), subject to the requirements of applicable law or any stock exchange on which the Shares are listed;
(10)    to determine the manner and timing of sales or other dispositions of Shares received pursuant to an Award, including by requiring that any such disposition occur on a date or dates designated by the Company or Administrator and/or pursuant to a block trade; and
(11)    to determine at any time whether, to what extent and under what circumstances and by what method or methods (including in the form of cash or other property) Awards may be settled by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates. In the event of such determination, references to the Company shall be deemed to be references to the applicable Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof for purposes of the Plan as appropriate.
(c)    All decisions made by the Administrator pursuant to the provisions of the Plan shall be final, conclusive and binding on all Persons, including the Company and the Participants. No member of the Board or the Committee, nor any officer or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof acting on behalf of the Board or the Committee, shall be personally liable for any action, omission, determination or interpretation taken or made in good faith with respect to the Plan, and all members of the Board or the Committee and each and any officer or employee of the Company and of any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof acting on their behalf shall, to the maximum extent permitted by law, be fully indemnified and protected by the Company in respect of any such action, omission, determination or interpretation. For purposes of clarity, the Administrator reserves the right not to honor an Eligible Recipient’s request that an Award be made to an Estate Planning Vehicle, in which event an award may (but shall not be required to) be granted to the Eligible Recipient under another shareholder-approved equity plan of the Company.
Section 4.    Shares Reserved for Issuance Under the Plan.
(a)    Subject to Section 5 hereof, the maximum number of Shares that may be delivered pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan shall be that number of shares available for grant under the 2019 Plan from time to time. The aggregate shares covered by awards granted during any fiscal year to or in respect of any single individual under the Plan or the 2019 Plan may equal, but shall not exceed (under both such plans collectively), (i) 10,000,000 shares subject to Options or Share Appreciation Rights or (ii) 10,000,000 shares subject to Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the number of shares granted under the 2019 Plan after the Effective Date shall reduce the number of shares available for grant under the Plan (except that, for purposes of clarity, Shares subject to awards granted under the 2019 Plan that are forfeited, cancelled, exchanged or surrendered such that they again become available for new awards under the 2019 Plan shall thereby increase the number of Shares available for new Awards under the Plan), and the number of shares granted under the Plan shall reduce the number of shares available for grant under the 2019 Plan.
(b)    Shares issued under the Plan may, in whole or in part, be authorized but unissued Shares or Shares that shall have been or may be reacquired by the Company or an Affiliate or Subsidiary thereof in the open market, in private transactions or otherwise. If any Shares subject to an Award under the Plan are forfeited, cancelled, exchanged or surrendered or if an Award otherwise terminates or expires without a distribution of Shares to or in respect of the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient, the Shares with respect to such Award shall not, to the extent of any such forfeiture, cancellation, exchange, surrender, termination or expiration, again be available for outstanding or new Awards under the Plan.
Section 5.    Equitable Adjustments.
In the event of any Change in Capitalization, an equitable substitution or proportionate adjustment shall be made, in each case, in the manner to be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, in (i) the aggregate number of Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan and the maximum number of Shares that may be subject to Awards granted to any Participant in any calendar or fiscal year, (ii) the kind, number and Exercise Price subject to outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan, (iii) the kind, number and purchase price of Shares subject to outstanding Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards granted under the Plan, and (iv) annual Award limits or other value determinations (such as performance targets or vesting criteria) applicable to Shares subject to outstanding Awards; provided, however, that any fractional Shares resulting from the adjustment shall be eliminated. Equitable substitutions or adjustments shall also be made if the Administrator determines in its sole discretion that such adjustment is necessary in order to avoid an adverse impact on the value of any outstanding Award granted hereunder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in connection with a Change in Capitalization, the Administrator shall take such action as is necessary to adjust the outstanding Awards to reflect the Change in Capitalization, including, but not limited to, the cancellation of any outstanding Award granted hereunder in exchange for payment in cash or other property of the aggregate fair market value of the Shares covered by such Award under the circumstances (unless otherwise elected by the Administrator, to the extent then vested), reduced by the aggregate Exercise Price or purchase price thereof, if any, or the cancellation of any exercisable vested awards (e.g., Options or Share Appreciation Rights) not exercised within a specified period of time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such adjustment shall cause any Award that is subject to Section 409A to fail to comply with the requirements of such section, provided that under no circumstances shall the Company, the Administrator or any Affiliate or agent thereof have any liability to any Participant or associated Person as a result of any such failure. The Administrator’s determinations pursuant to this Section 5 shall be final, binding and conclusive.
Section 6.    Eligibility.
The Participants under the Plan shall be selected from time to time by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, from among Estate Planning Vehicles identified by Eligible Recipients.
Section 7.    Options.
(a)    General. Each Participant who is granted an Option shall enter into an Award Agreement with the Company, containing such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall determine, in its discretion, which Award Agreement shall set forth, among other things, the Exercise Price of the Option, the term of the Option and provisions regarding exercisability of the Option granted thereunder. The provisions of each Option need not be the same with respect to each Participant. More than one Option may be granted to the same Participant and be outstanding concurrently hereunder. Options granted under the Plan shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 7 and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(b)    Exercise Price. The Exercise Price of Shares purchasable under an Option shall be determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion at the time of grant, provided that the Exercise Price of any Option shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date of grant unless the Participant is not subject to Section 409A or the Option is otherwise designed to be compliant with Section 409A.
(c)    Option Term. The maximum term of each Option shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Option shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such Option is granted. Each Option’s term is subject to earlier expiration pursuant to the applicable provisions in the Plan and the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator shall have the authority to accelerate the exercisability of any outstanding Option at such time and under such circumstances as it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate.
(d)    Exercisability. Each Option shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions, including the attainment of preestablished corporate performance goals, as shall be determined by the Administrator in the applicable Award Agreement. The Administrator may also provide that any Option shall be exercisable only in installments, and the Administrator may waive such installment exercise provisions at any time, in whole or in part, based on such factors as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, an Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a Share.
(e)    Method of Exercise. Options may be exercised in whole or in part by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of Shares to be purchased, accompanied by payment in full of the aggregate Exercise Price of the Shares so purchased in cash or its equivalent, as determined by the Administrator. As determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, with respect to any Option or category of Options, payment in whole or in part may also be made (i) by means of consideration received under any cashless exercise procedure approved by the Administrator (including the withholding of Shares otherwise issuable upon exercise), (ii) in the form of unrestricted Shares already owned by the Participant which, (x) in the case of unrestricted Shares acquired upon exercise of an Option, have been held by the Participant for such period as may be established from time to time by the Administrator in order to avoid adverse accounting treatment under applicable accounting principles, and (y) have a Fair Market Value on the date of surrender equal to the aggregate Exercise Price of the Shares as to which such Option shall be exercised, (iii) any other form of consideration approved by the Administrator and permitted by applicable law or (iv) any combination of the foregoing.
(f)    Rights as Shareholder. A Participant shall have no rights to distributions or any other rights of a shareholder with respect to the Shares subject to an Option until the Participant has given written notice of exercise, has paid in full for such Shares, has satisfied the requirements of Section 13 hereof and, if requested, has given the representation described in paragraph (b) of Section 14 hereof or in the applicable Award Agreement.
(g)    Transfers of Options. Except as otherwise determined by the Administrator, no Option granted under the Plan shall be transferable by a Participant other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator in accordance with the provisions of the immediately preceding sentence, an Option may be exercised, during the lifetime of the Participant, only by the Participant or, during the period the Participant is under a legal disability, by the Participant’s guardian or legal representative. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, subject to applicable law, permit the gratuitous transfer during a Participant’s lifetime of an Option, (i) by gift to a member of the Participant’s immediate family, (ii) by transfer by instrument to a trust for the benefit of such immediate family members, or (iii) to a partnership or limited liability company in which such family members are the only partners or members; provided, however, that, in addition to such other terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine in connection with any such transfer, no transferee may further assign, sell, hypothecate or otherwise transfer the transferred Option, in whole or in part, other than by will or by operation of the laws of descent and distribution. Each permitted transferee shall agree to be bound by the provisions of this Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
(h)    Termination of Employment or Service.
(1)    Unless the applicable Award Agreement provides otherwise, in the event that the employment or service with the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant shall terminate for any reason other than Cause, Disability, or death, (x) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they are exercisable at the time of such termination, shall remain exercisable until the date that is 90 days after such termination, on which date they shall expire, and (y) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were not exercisable at the time of such termination, shall expire at the close of business on the date of such termination. The 90-day period described in this Section 7(h)(1) shall be extended to one year after the date of such termination in the event of the death during such 90-day period of the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of its term.
(2)    Unless the applicable Award Agreement provides otherwise, in the event that the employment or service with the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant shall terminate on account of the Disability or death of the Participant, (A) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were exercisable at the time of such termination, shall remain exercisable until the date that is one year after such termination, on which date they shall expire and (B) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were not exercisable at the time of such termination, shall expire at the close of business on the date of such termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of its term.
(3)    In the event of the termination for Cause of the employment or service of the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant, all outstanding Options granted to such Participant shall expire at the commencement of business on the date of such termination.
Section 8.    Share Appreciation Rights.
(a)    General. Share Appreciation Rights may be granted either alone (“Standalone Rights”) or in conjunction with all or part of any other Award granted under the Plan (“Tandem Rights”). Tandem Rights may be granted either at or after the time of the grant of such Award. The Administrator shall determine the Estate Planning Vehicles to which, and the time or times at which, grants of Share Appreciation Rights shall be made, the number of Shares to be awarded, the price per Share, and all other conditions of Share Appreciation Rights. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Tandem Right may be granted for more Shares than are subject to the Award to which it relates and (unless the Participant is not subject to Section 409A or the Share Appreciation Right is otherwise designed to be compliant with Section 409A) any Share Appreciation Right must be granted with an Exercise Price not less than the Fair Market Value of such Shares on the date of grant. The provisions of Share Appreciation Rights need not be the same with respect to each Participant. Share Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan shall be subject to the following terms and conditions set forth in this Section 8 and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable, as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(b)    Awards. The prospective recipient of a Share Appreciation Right shall not have any rights with respect to such Award, unless and until such recipient has executed an Award Agreement and delivered a fully executed copy thereof to the Company, within a period of 60 days (or such other period as the Administrator may specify) after the award date. Participants who are granted Share Appreciation Rights shall have no rights as shareholders of the Company with respect to the grant or exercise of such rights.
(c)    Exercisability.
(1)    Share Appreciation Rights that are Standalone Rights (“Standalone Share Appreciation Rights”) shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after grant.
(2)    Share Appreciation Rights that are Tandem Rights (“Tandem Share Appreciation Rights”) shall be exercisable only at such time or times and to the extent that the Awards to which they relate shall be exercisable in accordance with the provisions of Section 7 above and this Section 8 of the Plan.
(d)    Payment Upon Exercise.
(1)    Upon the exercise of a Standalone Share Appreciation Right, the Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but not more than, that number of Shares equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the date of exercise over the price per Share specified in the Standalone Share Appreciation Right multiplied by the number of Shares in respect of which the Standalone Share Appreciation Right is being exercised, with the Administrator having the right to determine the form of payment.
(2)    A Tandem Right may be exercised by a Participant by surrendering the applicable portion of the related Award. Upon such exercise and surrender, the Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but not more than, that number of Shares equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the date of exercise over the Exercise Price specified in the related Award (which price shall be no less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of such Share on the date of grant unless the Participant is not subject to Section 409A or the Tandem Right is otherwise designed to be compliant with Section 409A) multiplied by the number of Shares in respect of which the Tandem Share Appreciation Right is being exercised, with the Administrator having the right to determine the form of payment. Awards that have been so surrendered, in whole or in part, shall no longer be exercisable to the extent the Tandem Rights have been so exercised.
(3)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may determine to settle the exercise of a Share Appreciation Right in cash (or in any combination of Shares and cash).
(e)    Non-Transferability.
(1)    Standalone Share Appreciation Rights shall be transferable only when and to the extent that an Option would be transferable under Section 7 of the Plan.
(2)    Tandem Share Appreciation Rights shall be transferable only when and to the extent that the underlying Award would be transferable, if it were an Option, under Section 7 of the Plan.
(f)    Termination of Employment or Service.
(1)    In the event of the termination of employment or service with the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant who has been granted one or more Standalone Share Appreciation Rights, such rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after grant.
(2)    In the event of the termination of employment or service with the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant who has been granted one or more Tandem Share Appreciation Rights, such rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as set forth in the Award Agreement for the Award to which the Tandem Share Appreciation Right relates.
(g)    Term.
(1)    The term of each Standalone Share Appreciation Right shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Standalone Share Appreciation Right shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such right is granted.
(2)    The term of each Tandem Share Appreciation Right shall be the term of the Award to which it relates, but no Tandem Share Appreciation Right shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such right is granted.
Section 9.    Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares.
(a)    General. Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares may be issued either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under the Plan. The Administrator shall determine the Estate Planning Vehicles to which, and the time or times at which, Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares shall be made; the number of Shares to be awarded; the price, if any, to be paid by the Participant for the acquisition of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares; the “Restricted Period” (as defined in the applicable Award Agreement), if any, applicable to Awards of Restricted Shares or Restricted Share Units; the performance objectives applicable to Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares; and all other conditions of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares. The Administrator may also condition the grant of the award of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares upon the exercise of Options, or upon such other criteria as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion. If the restrictions, performance objectives and/or conditions established by the Administrator are not attained, a Participant shall forfeit its Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares. The provisions of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares need not be the same with respect to each Participant.
(b)    Awards and Certificates. The prospective recipient of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares shall not have any rights with respect to any such Award, unless and until such recipient has executed an Award Agreement and delivered a fully executed copy thereof to the Company, within a period of 60 days (or such other period as the Administrator may specify) after the award date. Except as otherwise provided below in this Section 9, (i) each Participant who is granted an Award of Restricted Shares or Performance Shares shall be issued a certificate in respect of such Restricted Shares or Performance Shares (or such other appropriate evidence of ownership, including book entry, as determined by the Administrator), and (ii) such certificate (or other evidence of ownership) shall be registered in the name of the Participant, and, if appropriate, shall bear a legend referring to the terms, conditions and restrictions applicable to any such Award.
(1)    The Company may require that any certificates evidencing Restricted Shares or Performance Shares granted hereunder be held in the custody of the Company until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed, and that, as a condition of any Award of Restricted Shares or Performance Shares, the Participant shall have delivered a power of attorney, endorsed in blank, relating to the Shares covered by such Award.
(2)    With respect to Awards of Restricted Share Units, at such times as are indicated in the applicable Award Agreement, certificates (or such other appropriate evidence of ownership, including book entry, as determined by the Administrator) in respect of such Restricted Share Units shall be delivered to the Participant, or its legal representative, in a number equal to the number of Shares the Participant is entitled to be issued pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement.
(c)    Restrictions and Conditions. Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares granted pursuant to this Section 9 shall be subject to the following restrictions and conditions and any additional restrictions or conditions as determined by the Administrator at the time of grant or thereafter:
(1)    Subject to the provisions of the Plan and except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement governing any such Award, during such period as may be set by the Administrator commencing on the date of grant, the Participant shall not be permitted to sell, transfer, pledge or assign Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares awarded under the Plan; provided, however, that the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions in whole or in part based on such factors and such circumstances as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance related goals, the termination of employment or service (as a director, partner or Consultant) of the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of the Eligible Recipient associated with the Participant, and such Eligible Recipient’s death or Disability.
(2)    Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant shall generally not have the rights of a shareholder with respect to Shares subject to Awards of Restricted Share Units until such Shares are issued in accordance with the terms of the Award Agreement. Except as may be provided in the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant shall generally have the rights of a shareholder of the Company with respect to Restricted Shares or Performance Shares; provided, however, that unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, the Participant shall not have rights to any distributions declared on unvested Restricted Shares or Performance Shares.
(3)    The rights of a Participant, upon termination during the Restricted Period of the associated Eligible Recipient’s employment or service as a director or Consultant to the Company, or to any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, in respect of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares granted to such Participant, shall be set forth in the Award Agreement or another authorized written instrument and subject to the Plan.
Section 10.    Other Share-Based Awards.
(a)    The Administrator is authorized to grant Awards to Participants in the form of Other Share-Based Awards, as deemed by the Administrator to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan and as evidenced by an Award Agreement, including, but not limited to, Awards of LTIP Units, Awards of restricted units and unrestricted Shares and Awards that are valued in whole or in part by reference to Shares, including Awards valued by reference to book value, fair value or performance of an Affiliate or Subsidiary, other interests or AOG Units, including distribution equivalent rights and performance units of any of the foregoing. Other Share-Based Awards may be granted as free-standing Awards or in tandem with other Awards under the Plan. The Administrator shall determine the terms and conditions of such Awards, consistent with the terms of the Plan, at the date of grant or thereafter, including any performance goals and performance periods. Shares or other securities or property delivered pursuant to an Award in the nature of a purchase right granted under this Section 10 shall be purchased for such consideration, paid for at such times, by such methods, and in such forms, including, without limitation, Shares, other Awards, notes or other property, as the Administrator shall determine, subject to any required corporate action. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, settle such Other Share-Based Awards for cash or other property as appropriate. The provisions of Other Share-Based Awards need not be the same with respect to each Participant.
(b)    LTIP Units may be granted as free-standing Awards or in tandem with other Awards under the Plan, and may be valued by reference to the Shares, and will be subject to such other conditions and restrictions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may determine, including, but not limited to, continued employment or service of the associated Eligible Recipient, computation of financial metrics and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. LTIP Unit Awards, whether vested or unvested, may entitle the participant to receive, currently or on a deferred or contingent basis, distributions or distribution equivalent payments with respect to the number of Shares corresponding to the LTIP Unit or other distributions from AOG and the Administrator may provide in the applicable Award Agreement that such amounts (if any) shall be deemed to have been reinvested in additional Shares or LTIP Units. The LTIP Units granted under the Plan, subject to such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to the conversion ratio, may be exchanged for Shares in accordance with applicable Company agreement(s) governing such exchanges. LTIP Units may be structured as “profits interests,” “capital interests” or other types of interests for federal income tax purposes. The Administrator has the authority to determine the number of Shares underlying an Award of LTIP Units in light of all applicable circumstances, including performance-based vesting conditions, operating partnership “capital account allocations,” partnership or other operating agreements with respect to AOG, the Code, or value accretion factors and conversion ratios.
(c)    Subject to the provisions of the Plan and except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement governing any such Award, during such period as may be set by the Administrator commencing on the date of grant, the Participant shall not be permitted to sell, transfer, pledge or assign any Other Share-Based Awards awarded under the Plan; provided, however, that the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions in whole or in part based on such factors and such circumstances as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance-related goals, the termination of employment or service as a director, partner or Consultant of the Company, or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, of the Eligible Recipient associated with the Participant, or such Eligible Recipient’s death or Disability.
Section 11.    Amendment and Termination.
The Board may amend, alter or terminate the Plan, but, subject to Sections 5 and 17 of the Plan, no amendment, alteration or termination shall be made that would materially impair the rights of a Participant under any Award theretofore granted without the consent of either the Participant or the associated Eligible Recipient. Unless the Board determines otherwise, the Board shall obtain approval of the Company’s shareholders for any amendment that would require such approval in order to satisfy the requirements of any rules of the stock exchange on which the Shares are listed or other law, in each case to the extent applicable. The Administrator may amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Sections 5 and 17, no such amendment shall materially impair the rights of any Participant without the consent of either the Participant or the associated Eligible Recipient. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such consent shall not be required to the extent the Administrator, in its sole discretion, determines that an amendment, alteration or termination of the Plan or an Award is required or advisable (i) in order for the Company, the Plan or the Award to satisfy any law or regulation, to meet the requirements of any accounting standard or to correct an administrative error, or to reflect or give effect to a change in law, or (ii) to ensure compliance with the Exchange Act or another applicable law, or any rules or regulations promulgated thereunder.
Section 12.    Unfunded Status of Plan.
The Plan is intended to constitute an “unfunded” plan for incentive compensation. With respect to any payments not yet made to a Participant by the Company, nothing contained herein shall give any such Participant any rights that are greater than those of a general creditor of the Company.
Section 13.    Withholding Taxes.
The Eligible Recipient associated with each Participant shall, no later than the date as of which the value of an Award first becomes subject to tax for U.S. federal, state or local income or other tax purposes and/or for any non-U.S. tax purposes, pay to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as determined by the Administrator), or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator regarding payment of, any taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld or accounted for by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates with respect to the Award. The obligations of the Company under the Plan shall be conditional on the making of such payments or arrangements, and the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Participant. Whenever cash is to be paid pursuant to an Award granted hereunder, the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall have the right to deduct therefrom an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements (or local taxes required to be accounted for by the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates) related thereto. Whenever Shares are to be delivered pursuant to an Award or taxes otherwise become due with respect to an Award, the Company shall have the right to require the Participant or the associated Eligible Recipient to remit to the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates in cash an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements (or local taxes required to be accounted for by the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates) related thereto. In addition, the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, and associated Eligible Recipients who are subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act in relation to the Company, may elect to satisfy the foregoing requirement by withholding from delivery Shares having a value equal to not more than the amount of tax permitted to be withheld or paid without triggering liability accounting or other adverse accounting treatment under applicable accounting standards (or, with the approval of the Administrator, (i) such method may be elected by an associated Eligible Recipient who is not subject to Section 16, or (ii) a Participant or associated Eligible Recipient may deliver already owned unrestricted Shares). Such shares shall be valued at their fair market value on the date that the amount of tax to be withheld or paid is determined. Solely for this purpose, fractional share amounts shall be settled in cash. Such an election may be made with respect to all or any portion of the Shares to be delivered pursuant to an Award. The Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates may also use any other method or procedure of obtaining the necessary payment or proceeds, as permitted by law, to satisfy their withholding or other tax obligations with respect to any Option or other Award and the Participant and associated Eligible Recipient shall comply with any reasonable requests made by the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates to complete and execute documentation necessary to implement such method or procedure.
Section 14.    General Provisions.
(a)Compliance with Law. Shares shall not be issued pursuant to the exercise of any Award granted hereunder unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all relevant rules and provisions of law, including, without limitation, the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Shares may then be listed, and the requirements for the treatment intended by the Company under applicable accounting rules, and shall be further subject to the approval of the Administrator with respect to such compliance. The Company shall be under no obligation to register the Shares pursuant to the Securities Act or any other federal or state securities laws. The Shares subject to Awards granted under the Plan are not expected to be registered on Form S-8 under the Securities Act (and Shares issued under the Plan are therefore expected to be “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act) but the Administrator reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to register the Shares to the extent permitted by applicable law as in effect from time to time. Any disposition of Shares received pursuant to an Award shall be subject to compliance with the foregoing rules, requirements and laws, as determined by the Administrator.
(a)    Legending and Other Considerations. The Administrator may require each Person acquiring Shares to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such Person is acquiring the Shares without a view to distribution thereof. The certificates for such Shares may include any legend that the Administrator deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on transfer which the Administrator determines, in its sole discretion, arise under applicable securities laws or are otherwise applicable. All certificates for Shares delivered under the Plan shall be subject to such stop-transfer orders and other restrictions as the Administrator may deem advisable under the rules, regulations, and other requirements of the SEC, any stock exchange upon which the Shares may then be listed, and any applicable federal or state securities law, and the Administrator may cause a legend or legends to be placed on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.
(b)    Lock-Up Agreements. The Administrator may require a Participant receiving Shares pursuant to the Plan or the associated Eligible Recipient, as a condition precedent to receipt of such Shares, to enter into a shareholder agreement or “lock-up” agreement in such form as the Board or the Committee shall determine is necessary or desirable to further the Company’s interests.
(c)    No Right to Continued Service. The adoption of the Plan shall not confer upon any Eligible Recipient any right to continued employment or service with the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, as the case may be, nor shall it interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof to terminate the employment or service of any of its Eligible Recipients at any time.
(d)    Governing Law; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial. The Plan and all Awards shall be governed by, interpreted under, and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws, and not the laws pertaining to conflicts or choices of laws, of the State of Delaware applicable to agreements made and to be performed wholly within the State of Delaware. The agreed venue and method for resolving disputes relating to an Award Agreement or the Plan shall be as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement, or in the absence of such provision, as applies to disputes relating to or arising out of the service with the Company and its Affiliates, including the termination thereof, of the Eligible Recipient associated with the Participant. Unless otherwise specifically provided by explicit reference to the jury waiver provision in this Section 14(e) in an applicable Award Agreement, each Participant and associated Eligible Recipient, TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, WAIVES, AND COVENANTS THAT SUCH PERSON WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE) ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION ARISING IN WHOLE OR IN PART UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PLAN OR ANY AWARD AGREEMENT, WHETHER ARISING BEFORE OR AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE, AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, AND AGREES THAT ANY OF THE COMPANY OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES OR THE PARTICIPANT OR ASSOCIATED ELIGIBLE RECIPIENT MAY FILE A COPY OF THIS PARAGRAPH WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE KNOWING, VOLUNTARY AND BARGAINED-FOR AGREEMENT AMONG THE COMPANY AND ITS AFFILIATES, ON THE ONE HAND, AND THE PARTICIPANT AND ASSOCIATED ELIGIBLE RECIPIENT, ON THE OTHER HAND, IRREVOCABLY TO WAIVE ITS RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY PROCEEDING WHATSOEVER BETWEEN THEM RELATING TO THE PLAN OR ANY AWARD AGREEMENT, AND THAT ANY SUCH PROCEEDING WILL INSTEAD BE TRIED IN A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION BY A JUDGE SITTING WITHOUT A JURY.
(e)    Certain Changes in Employment Status. Unless otherwise specifically provided in the applicable Award Agreement or otherwise, an Award (including an Option) shall be affected, both with regard to vesting schedule and termination, by leaves of absence, changes from full-time to part-time employment, partial disability or other changes in the employment status of the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant, in the sole discretion of the Administrator. The Administrator shall follow applicable written policies (if any) of the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, including such rules, guidelines and practices as may be adopted pursuant to Section 3 hereof, as they may be in effect from time to time, with regard to such matters.
(f)    Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications with respect to the Plan or any Award Agreement to any party shall be deemed to be sufficient if contained in a written instrument delivered in person or sent by facsimile (provided a copy is thereafter promptly delivered as provided in this Section 14(g)) or by a nationally recognized overnight courier. If to the Company, such notice shall be sent to Apollo Global Management, LLC, Attention: Global Head of Human Capital, 9 West 57th St. 48th Floor, New York, NY 10019. If to a Participant, such notice shall be delivered by hand or sent to the last address of the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient on file with the Company.
(g)    Regional Variation. The Administrator reserves the right to authorize the establishment of, and to grant Awards pursuant to, annexes, sub-plans or other supplementary documentation as the Administrator deems appropriate in light of local laws, rules and customs.
(h)    Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any Award by electronic means or to request the Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Each Participant (and each associated Eligible Recipient), by the Participant’s acceptance of an Award, thereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and, if requested, to participate in the Plan through an online or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or a third party designated by the Company.
(i)    Section 16. It is the intent of the Company that the Plan satisfy, and be interpreted in a manner that satisfies, the applicable requirements of Rule 16b-3 as promulgated under Section 16 of the Exchange Act so that Participants subject to Section 16 will be entitled to the benefit of Rule 16b-3, or any other rule promulgated under Section 16 of the Exchange Act, and will not be subject to short-swing liability under Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, if the operation of any provision of the Plan would conflict with the intent expressed in this Section 14(j), such provision to the extent possible shall be interpreted and/or deemed amended so as to avoid such conflict.
(j)    Severability. If any provision of the Plan or an Award Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, whether in whole or in part, such provision shall be deemed modified to the extent, but only to the extent, of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability and the remaining provisions shall not be affected thereby.
(k)    Headings. The headings in the Plan and any Award Agreement are for purposes of convenience only and are not intended to define or limit the construction of the provisions hereof or thereof.
Section 15.    Effective Date.
The Plan was adopted by the Board on June 19, 2019 and approved by the shareholders on June 20, 2019, in each case effective as of the twentieth day after the mailing of the associated information statement on Schedule 14C under the Exchange Act (the “Effective Date”).
Section 16.    Term of Plan.
No Award shall be granted pursuant to the Plan on or after the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date, but Awards theretofore granted may extend beyond that date. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any earlier date pursuant to Section 11 hereof. No Awards may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.
Section 17.    Section 409A.
To the extent applicable, this Plan and Awards issued hereunder shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A, including, without limitation, any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the Effective Date. Notwithstanding other provisions of the Plan or any Award Agreements thereunder, it is intended that no Award shall be granted, deferred, accelerated, extended, paid out or modified under this Plan in a manner that would result in the imposition of an additional U.S. tax under Section 409A upon a Participant. In the event that it is reasonably determined by the Administrator that, as a result of Section 409A, payments in respect of any Award under the Plan may not be made at the time contemplated by the terms of the Plan or the relevant Award Agreement, as the case may be, without causing the Participant holding such Award to be subject to taxation under Section 409A, the Company may take whatever actions the Administrator determines necessary or advisable to comply with, or exempt the Plan and Award Agreement from the requirements of, Section 409A. Furthermore, to the extent necessary to avoid the imposition of an additional tax under Section 409A, any payment of “deferred compensation” by the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof (whether pursuant to the Plan or otherwise) arising solely due to a “separation from service” (and not by reason of the lapse of a “substantial risk of forfeiture”), as such terms are used in Section 409A, to an associated Eligible Recipient who is a “specified employee” as defined in Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) and Treasury Regulation §1.409A-1(i)(1), shall be delayed (to the extent otherwise payable prior to such date) and paid on the first day following the six-month period beginning on the date of the Participant’s separation from service under Section 409A (or, if earlier, upon the Participant’s death). Neither the Company, the Administrator nor any employee, director, advisor or representative of the Company or of any of its Affiliates shall have any (i) obligation to take any action to prevent the assessment of any penalty or tax on any Person under Section 409A for any Award, or (ii) liability to Participants or other Persons with respect to this Section 17 or Section 409A taxes or penalties.


Section 18.    Set-Off.
Unless otherwise expressly provided in an agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, to the extent permitted by Section 409A, the Company or any Affiliate, as applicable, shall have the right to offset against any amount owed to a Participant any amounts that are due by such Participant or associated Eligible Recipient to the Company or any Affiliate but unpaid.
Section 19.    Data Privacy.
(a)    For associated Eligible Recipients and Participants who reside in the European Union or are associated with an Affiliate established in the European Union, the Company processes personal data in association with Participants’ participation in the Plan as described in the European Union privacy notice in effect under the Plan from time to time, which notice is available upon request from the Company’s human capital department.
(b)    For other Participants and associated Eligible Recipients, and to the extent permitted by law, as a condition of receipt of any Award, each Participant and associated Eligible Recipient explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of personal data as described in this Section 19 by and among, as applicable, the Company and its Affiliates for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan. This paragraph (b) applies to such other Participants. The Company and its Affiliates may hold certain personal information about a Participant or Eligible Recipient, including, but not limited to, name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security or insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title(s), any shares of stock held in the Company or any of its Affiliates, details of all Awards, in each case, for the purpose of implementing, managing and administering the Plan and Awards (the “Data”). To the extent permitted by law, the Company and its Affiliates may transfer the Data among themselves as necessary for the purpose of implementation, administration and management of a Participant’s participation in the Plan, and the Company and its Affiliates may each further transfer the Data to any third parties assisting the Company and its Affiliates in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. These recipients may be located in the Participant’s or Eligible Recipient’s country, or elsewhere, and such country may have different data privacy laws and protections than the recipients’ country. To the extent permitted by law, through acceptance of an Award, each Participant and associated Eligible Recipient authorizes such recipients to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Participant’s participation in the Plan, including any requisite transfer of such Data as may be required to a broker or other third party with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Participant may elect to deposit any Shares. A Participant may, at any time, view the Data held by the Company with respect to such Participant, request additional information about the storage and processing of the Data with respect to such Participant, recommend any necessary corrections to the Data with respect to the Participant or refuse or withdraw the consents herein in writing, in any case without cost, by contacting his or her local human capital representative. The Company may cancel the Participant’s ability to participate in the Plan and, in the Administrator’s sole discretion, the Participant may forfeit any outstanding Awards if the Participant or associated Eligible Recipient refuses or withdraws his, her or its consents as described herein. For more information on the consequences of refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, Participants may contact the Company’s human capital department.
Section 20.    Tax Considerations; Eligible Recipient.
(a)    None of the Company, its Subsidiaries, its Affiliates, or their respective directors, officers, managers, partners, members, agents, advisors or employees, makes any representation, commitment or guarantee that any tax treatment, including, but not limited to, federal, state, local and non-U.S. income, estate and gift tax treatment, will be applicable with respect to any Awards or payments thereunder made to or for the benefit of a Participant under the Plan or that such tax treatment will apply to or be available to a Participant or its associated Eligible Recipient on account of participation in the Plan. Each Participant and its associated Eligible Recipient hereby agree to prepare and file all applicable federal, state and local income, estate and gift tax returns reporting the tax effects of each Award issued by the Company to such Participant.
(b)    Any requirements or obligations under the Plan or any partnership agreement, limited liability company agreement, or other agreement relating to Awards granted hereunder (or any arrangement arising in connection therewith) specific to the Eligible Recipient associated with a Participant, including, without limitation, vesting requirements, filing of tax elections (including under Section 83(b) of the Code), and compliance with restrictive covenants and applicable law and policies, shall continue to apply to such Eligible Recipient following the date of grant, and the Eligible Recipient’s conduct may therefore affect the value of such Awards (and associated Shares).
[END OF PLAN]

    
Exhibit 10.9

CONFIDENTIAL

APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
2019 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN FOR ESTATE PLANNING VEHICLES
FORM OF RESTRICTED SHARE AWARD GRANT NOTICE
Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company” or “AGM”), pursuant to its 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan for Estate Planning Vehicles (the “Plan”), hereby grants to the Estate Planning Vehicle (the “Participant”) designated by the individual Eligible Recipient listed below, the number of Class A Shares of the Company (“Shares”) set forth below (the “Restricted Shares”). This Award of Restricted Shares is subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth in this Restricted Share Award Grant Notice (“Grant Notice”), the Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of [ ] (the “Advisors LPA”), the Participant’s (or associated Eligible Recipient’s) Award Letter (as defined in the Advisors LPA), including, without limitation, the Annexes attached thereto, which includes the Restricted Share Award Agreement (as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms of the Award Letter, the “Restricted Share Award Agreement”) (including, without limitation, the restrictions on the Shares set forth in the Award Letter and the Restricted Share Award Agreement) and the Plan, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined herein, the terms defined in the Plan shall have the same defined meanings in this Grant Notice and the Restricted Share Award Agreement.
Eligible Recipient (individual):
[ ]
Participant (Estate Planning Vehicle):
[ ]
Date of Grant:
[ ]
Total Number of Restricted Shares:
[ ] Shares
Purchase Price per Share:
$[ ]
Total Purchase Price:
$[ ]
Vesting Commencement Date:
[[February 15] OR [May 15] OR [August 15] OR [November 15]], 20[ ]
Vesting Schedule:
Subject to the terms of the Restricted Share Award Agreement, one third (1/3) of the Restricted Shares will vest on each of the first three anniversaries of the Vesting Commencement Date. See also Exhibit A to the Restricted Share Award Agreement, including with regard to additional vesting as a result of the Participant’s death, Disability[, or termination other than by reason of a Bad Act (as such term is defined in the Award Letter) or a Designated Act (as defined in the Restricted Share Award Agreement)].
By signing below, the Participant and Eligible Recipient agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Plan, the Restricted Share Award Agreement and this Grant Notice, and the Eligible Recipient agrees to file timely a Section 83(b) election with respect to the Participant’s grant of the Restricted Shares substantially in the form attached hereto as Notice Annex A. The Participant has reviewed the Award Letter, the Advisors LPA, the Restricted Share Award Agreement, the Plan and this Grant Notice in their entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Grant Notice and fully understands all provisions of this Grant Notice, the Restricted Share Award Agreement, the Plan, the Award Letter and the Advisors LPA. If this Grant Notice is not executed and returned to the Company on or before [ ], and such failure continues for five business days after notice thereof, this Award will be null and void ab initio and the Participant will have no rights with respect to it, and will forfeit any amounts that would have been distributed to the Participant under the Award Letter and the Advisors LPA to fund the purchase of Shares contemplated hereunder. No amendment or modification of this Grant Notice shall be valid unless it shall be in writing and signed by all parties hereto.
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
PARTICIPANT
By:    
By:    
Print Name:
Print Name:
Title:
Title:
Address: 9 West 57th Street
New York, NY 10019
ELIGIBLE RECIPIENT: ______________________________________

Notice Annex A
SECTION 83(b) TAX ELECTION
This statement is being made under Section 83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.83‑2.
(1)    The individual who performed the services is:
Name of Eligible Recipient:    ____________________________________________
Address:    ____________________________________________

    ____________________________________________
Taxpayer ID No. of Eligible Recipient:    ___________________________________
(2)    The property with respect to which the election is being made is [________] Class A Shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC (the “Company”).
(3)    The property was transferred on [___________, 20____] (Date of Grant).
(4)    The taxable year for which the election is being made is the calendar year [________].
(5)    Subject to the above-named individual’s continuous service with the Company or its Affiliates, one third (1/3) of the shares will vest on each of the first three anniversaries of the vesting commencement date. In addition, upon such individual’s termination of employment or service (i) due to death or (ii) by the Company and its Affiliates by reason of disability (as defined in the Restricted Share Award Agreement), the Participant shall also vest in 50% of the unvested Restricted Shares that remain subject to the Award as of such termination date.
(6)    The fair market value at the time of transfer (determined without regard to any restriction other than a restriction which by its terms will never lapse) is $______ per share.
(7)    The Participant paid $______ per share for the property described above.
(8)    A copy of this statement was furnished to the entity for which the above-named individual rendered the services underlying the transfer of property.
(9)    This statement is executed on the ______ day of ____________, 20 _____.
By:    _________________________________________, Eligible Recipient

(1)
THE ABOVE-NAMED INDIVIDUAL MUST FILE THIS COMPLETED FORM WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE CENTER WITH WHICH SUCH INDIVIDUAL FILES HIS/HER U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX RETURNS WITHIN 30 DAYS OF THE TRANSFER OF THE ABOVE-DESCRIBED PROPERTY.
(2)
SUCH INDIVIDUAL MUST ALSO FILE A COPY OF THIS COMPLETED FORM WITH THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY.


FORM OF RESTRICTED SHARE AWARD AGREEMENT
UNDER THE APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC

2019 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
This Award Agreement (this “Restricted Share Award Agreement”), dated as of the date (the “Date of Grant”) set forth on of the Grant Notice associated with this Restricted Share Award Agreement (the “Grant Notice”), is made by and between Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), [ ] (“Advisors”) and the Estate Planning Vehicle named in the Grant Notice (the “Participant”). Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time (the “Plan”). Where the context permits, references to the Company shall include any successor to the Company. If the Grant Notice is not executed and returned to the Company in accordance with its terms, this Award will be null and void ab initio and the Participant and Eligible Recipient (named in the Grant Notice) will have no rights hereunder and will forfeit any amounts that would have been distributed to the Participant under [ ], as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time (the “Advisors LPA”) and the Participant’s (or Eligible Recipient’s) Award Letter (as defined in the Advisors LPA) to fund the purchase of Shares contemplated under the Grant Notice.
1.Grant of Restricted Shares. The Company hereby grants to the Participant that number of restricted Shares (the “Restricted Shares”) set forth in the Grant Notice, subject to all of the terms and conditions of this Restricted Share Award Agreement, the Plan and the Award Letter.
2.Purchase Price. The purchase price per Share of the Restricted Shares is set forth on the Grant Notice.
3.Book Entry; Certificates. At the sole discretion of the Administrator, the Shares will be issued in either (i) uncertificated form, with the Shares recorded in the name of the Participant in the books and records of the Company’s transfer agent with appropriate notations regarding the restrictions on transfer imposed pursuant to this Restricted Share Award Agreement, and following vesting the Company shall cause certificates representing the Shares to be issued; or (ii) certificate form pursuant to the terms of Section 6. Physical possession or custody of any Share certificates that are issued shall be retained by the Company until such time as the Restricted Shares vest. The Participant and Eligible Recipient may be required to execute and deliver to the Company a customary stock power with respect to the Shares and to deliver to the Company any representations or other documents or assurances required pursuant to Section 14.
4.Lapse of Restrictions.
(a)    Subject to Section 4(b), the Restricted Shares shall become vested hereunder in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth on Exhibit A hereto (the period during which the Restricted Shares are subject to forfeiture, the “Restricted Period”).
(b)    Except as otherwise provided under the terms of the Plan, or in the vesting schedule set forth on Exhibit A hereto, if the employment or service of the Eligible Recipient terminates for any reason, such that the Eligible Recipient has experienced a “separation from service” (as such term is defined in Treasury Regulation §1.409A-1(h)(1), without regard to the optional alternative definitions available thereunder) (a “Termination”), then all rights of the Participant with respect to Restricted Shares that have not vested shall be immediately repurchased by the Company or its designee for a price per Share equal to the Purchase Price (the aggregate amount to be paid to be referred to as the “Purchase Consideration”). Following such repurchase, neither the Participant or Eligible Recipient, nor any of its, his or her respective successors, heirs, assigns or personal representatives, shall thereafter have any further rights or interests in such Restricted Shares. The Purchase Consideration will not be paid to the Participant or Eligible Recipient, but rather, the Company or its designee, as agent for the Participant, will pay directly to Advisors the Purchase Consideration. The Participant will be deemed to have made a capital contribution to Advisors in an amount equal to the Purchase Consideration, but such Participant (and the Eligible Recipient) shall forfeit any right to receive any distributions with respect to such increased capital. The proceeds of such capital contribution shall be distributed to APH (as defined in the Advisors LPA), and the Participant and Eligible Recipient shall have no rights or claim with respect to such capital contribution; provided that the Participant’s capital account shall be adjusted to reflect the contribution made (including on the Participant’s behalf) by such Participant to Advisors. Each of Advisors and APH shall be third party beneficiaries with respect to this provision with the right to enforce their rights hereunder. Employment or service by the Eligible Recipient for only a portion of a vesting period, even if a substantial portion, will not entitle the Participant to any proportionate vesting or avoid or mitigate a termination of rights and benefits upon a Termination.
(c)    Subject to the terms of this Restricted Share Award Agreement, the Restricted Shares may not, directly or indirectly, be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of or encumbered during the Restricted Period. The transfer restrictions contained in the preceding sentence shall not apply to (i) transfers to the Company, or (ii) transfers of vested Shares granted under this Award by will or the laws of descent and distribution or, to the extent such transfer would permit the Participant to remain an Estate Planning Vehicle, to the Participant’s beneficiaries, members or partners (as applicable), or (iii) if approved by the Administrator in its sole discretion, transfers of Restricted Shares in accordance with the requirements of Instruction A.1.(a)(5) of Form S-8 under the Securities Act or other applicable law. The approval contemplated by clause (iii) of the immediately preceding sentence shall not be unreasonably withheld by the Administrator with respect to a transfer of Shares by the Participant to a Related Party (as defined in the Advisors LPA) (which transfer may occur only with the prior written approval of the Administrator), it being understood that the Related Party shall be required to agree to be bound by the transfer restrictions contained in the Plan, the Advisors LPA, the Award Letter and this Restricted Share Award Agreement that apply to the Participant or Eligible Recipient. The Restricted Shares shall be subject to repurchase as described in Section 4(b) until the lapse of the Restricted Period (as defined above).
5.Rights as a Shareholder; Distributions.
(a)    The Participant shall be the record owner of the Restricted Shares until the Shares are sold or otherwise disposed of, and shall be entitled to all of the rights of a shareholder of the Company, including the right to vote such Shares and receive distributions paid with respect to such Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any non-cash distributions shall be subject to the same restrictions on transferability and encumbrance as the Restricted Shares with respect to which they were paid.
(b)    If the Participant forfeits any rights it has under this Restricted Share Award Agreement in accordance with Section 4, the Participant shall, on the date of such forfeiture, no longer have any rights as a shareholder with respect to any such forfeited Restricted Shares and shall no longer be entitled to vote or receive distributions on such Shares.
6.Legend on Certificates. The Participant agrees that any certificate issued for Restricted Shares (or, if applicable, any book entry statement issued for Restricted Shares) prior to the end of the Restricted Period shall bear the following legend (in addition to any other legend or legends required under applicable securities laws, which legend or legends shall not be limited to the Restricted Period), subject to updating or modification by the Company from time to time:
THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS UPON TRANSFER AND RIGHTS OF REPURCHASE (THE “RESTRICTIONS”) AS SET FORTH IN THE APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC 2019 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN FOR ESTATE PLANNING VEHICLES AND A RESTRICTED SHARE AWARD AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO BETWEEN THE REGISTERED OWNER AND APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC, COPIES OF WHICH ARE ON FILE WITH THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY. ANY ATTEMPT TO DISPOSE OF THESE SHARES IN CONTRAVENTION OF THE RESTRICTIONS, INCLUDING BY WAY OF SALE, ASSIGNMENT, TRANSFER, PLEDGE, HYPOTHECATION OR OTHERWISE, SHALL BE NULL AND VOID AND WITHOUT EFFECT AND SHALL RESULT IN THE FORFEITURE OF SUCH SHARES AS PROVIDED BY SUCH PLAN AND AGREEMENT.
7.Restricted Share Award Agreement Subject to Plan. This Restricted Share Award Agreement is made pursuant to all of the provisions of the Plan, the Advisors LPA and the Award Letter, all of which are incorporated herein by this reference, and is intended, and shall be interpreted in a manner, to comply therewith. If the Plan is amended in a manner that conflicts with this Restricted Share Award Agreement, the terms of this Restricted Share Award Agreement shall control with respect to such conflicting provision, it being understood that the application of a specific provision of the Plan that is not directly addressed in this Restricted Share Award Agreement shall not be deemed to conflict with this Restricted Share Award Agreement unless such application in fact conflicts with a specific provision of this Restricted Share Award Agreement.
8.No Rights to Continuation of Employment or Service. Nothing in the Plan, the Advisors LPA, the Award Letter or this Restricted Share Award Agreement shall confer upon the Eligible Recipient any right to continue in the employ or service of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof or shall interfere with or restrict the right of the Company (or a Subsidiary or Affiliate or its shareholders, as the case may be) to terminate the Eligible Recipient’s employment or service at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without Cause (subject to compliance with all terms and conditions required in connection therewith). The Plan and this Restricted Share Award Agreement shall not (a) form any part of any contract of employment or contract for services between the Company or any past or present Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof and any directors, officers or employees of those companies, (b) confer any legal or equitable rights (other than those constituting the Awards themselves) against the Company or any past or present Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof, directly or indirectly, or (c) give rise to any cause of action in law or in equity against the Company or any past or present Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof.
9.Restrictive Covenants. The Participant and Eligible Recipient agree that the Restrictive Covenants (as defined in the Advisors LPA) are incorporated herein by reference as if contained herein. The Participant acknowledges that the Company would not have granted this award had the Participant not agreed to be bound by such Restrictive Covenants, and the Participant understands, acknowledges and agrees that the Restrictive Covenants apply to the Eligible Recipient for the periods provided therein.
10.Taxes.
(a)    Withholding. The Participant (or, to the extent the Participant so agrees with the Eligible Recipient, the Eligible Recipient) is responsible for all taxes and any tax-related penalties the Participant or Eligible Recipient incurs in connection with the Award. The Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall be entitled to require a cash payment by or on behalf of the Participant or Eligible Recipient and/or to deduct, from other compensation payable to the Participant or Eligible Recipient, any sums required by U.S. federal, state or local law (or by any tax authority outside the United States) to be withheld or accounted for by the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates with respect to any Restricted Share. The Company in its discretion may require any other available method to satisfy any withholding or tax obligations of the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates with respect to the Shares at the minimum applicable rates.
(b)    Section 83(b) Election. The Participant and Eligible Recipient acknowledge that the Company has not advised the Participant regarding the Participant’s income, gift or other tax liability in connection with the grant or vesting of the Restricted Shares or with an election under Section 83(b) of the Code with respect to the grant of the Restricted Shares. The Participant has reviewed with the Participant’s own tax advisors the federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax consequences of the transactions contemplated by this Restricted Share Award Agreement. The Participant is relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents. The Participant understands that the Participant and/or the Eligible Recipient (and not the Company) shall be responsible for the Participant’s and Eligible Recipient’s own tax liability that may arise as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Restricted Share Award Agreement. As a condition to the effectiveness of this Award, the Eligible Recipient is required to file timely an election under Section 83(b) of the Code with respect to the grant of the Restricted Shares. A form of Section 83(b) election is provided for this purpose as Notice Annex A to the Grant Notice.
(c)    Section 409A Compliance. This Award is intended to be exempt from, or comply with, Section 409A, and to be interpreted in a manner consistent therewith. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Restricted Share Award Agreement, to the extent that the Administrator determines that the Plan or a Restricted Share is subject to Section 409A and fails to comply with the requirements of Section 409A, the Administrator reserves the right (without any obligation to do so or to indemnify the Participant for failure to do so), without the consent of the Participant or Eligible Recipient, to amend or terminate the Plan and Restricted Share Award Agreement and/or to amend, restructure, terminate or replace the Restricted Share in order to cause the Restricted Share to either not be subject to Section 409A or to comply with the applicable provisions of such section. To the extent necessary to avoid the imposition of tax or penalty under Section 409A, any payment by the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate to the Participant or Eligible Recipient (if the Eligible Recipient is then a “specified employee” as defined in Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) and Treasury Regulation §1.409A-1(i)(1)) of “deferred compensation,” whether pursuant to the Plan or otherwise, arising solely due to a “separation from service” (and not by reason of the lapse of a “substantial risk of forfeiture”), as such terms are used in Section 409A, shall be delayed (to the extent otherwise payable prior to such date) and paid on the first day following the six-month period beginning on the date of the Eligible Recipient’s separation from service under Section 409A (or, if earlier, upon the Eligible Recipient’s death). Each payment or installment due under this Restricted Share Award Agreement is intended to constitute a “separate payment” for purposes of Section 409A. In no event shall the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate (or any agent thereof) have any liability to the Participant, Eligible Recipient or any other Person due to the failure of the Award to satisfy the requirements of Section 409A.
11.Governing Law; Arbitration; Waiver of Jury Trial.
(a)    This Restricted Share Award Agreement shall be governed by, interpreted under and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware (without regard to any conflicts of laws principles thereof that would give effect to the laws of another jurisdiction).
(b)    Subject to Section 11(c), any dispute, controversy, suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Award or any other Award will, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 14(e) of the Plan, be settled exclusively by arbitration, conducted before a single arbitrator in New York County, New York (applying Delaware law) in accordance with, and pursuant to, the Employment Arbitration Rules and Procedures of JAMS (“JAMS”). The decision of the arbitrator will be final and binding upon the parties hereto. Any arbitral award may be entered as a judgment or order in any court of competent jurisdiction. The Company, the Participant and (to the extent applicable) the Eligible Recipient may commence litigation in court to obtain injunctive relief in aid of arbitration, to compel arbitration, or to confirm or vacate an award, to the extent authorized by the U.S. Federal Arbitration Act or the New York Arbitration Act. The Company and the Participant will share the JAMS administrative fees, the arbitrator’s fee and expenses. Each party shall be responsible for such party’s attorneys’ fees. IF THIS AGREEMENT TO ARBITRATE IS HELD INVALID OR UNENFORCEABLE THEN, TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, THE PARTICIPANT, THE ELIGIBLE RECIPIENT AND THE COMPANY WAIVE AND COVENANT THAT THE PARTICIPANT, THE ELIGIBLE RECIPIENT AND THE COMPANY WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE) ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION ARISING IN WHOLE OR IN PART UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH AN AWARD UNDER THE PLAN OR ANY MATTERS CONTEMPLATED THEREBY, WHETHER NOW OR HEREAFTER ARISING, AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, AND AGREE THAT ANY OF THE COMPANY OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES OR THE PARTICIPANT OR ELIGIBLE RECIPIENT MAY FILE A COPY OF THIS PARAGRAPH WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE KNOWING, VOLUNTARY AND BARGAINED-FOR AGREEMENT AMONG THE COMPANY AND ITS AFFILIATES, ON THE ONE HAND, AND THE PARTICIPANT AND ELIGIBLE RECIPIENT, ON THE OTHER HAND, IRREVOCABLY TO WAIVE THE RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY PROCEEDING WHATSOEVER BETWEEN SUCH PARTIES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AWARD AGREEMENT OR ANOTHER AWARD UNDER THE PLAN AND THAT ANY PROCEEDING PROPERLY HEARD BY A COURT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL INSTEAD BE TRIED IN A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION BY A JUDGE SITTING WITHOUT A JURY.
(c)    Nothing in this Section 11(c) will prevent the Company or the Participant from applying to a court for preliminary or interim relief or permanent injunction in a judicial proceeding (e.g., injunction or restraining order), in addition to and not in lieu of any other remedy to which it may be entitled at law or in equity, if such relief from a court is necessary to preserve the status quo pending resolution or to prevent serious and irreparable injury in connection with any breach or anticipated breach of any Restrictive Covenants; provided, that all parties explicitly waive all rights to seek preliminary, interim, injunctive or other relief in a judicial proceeding and all parties submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the forum described in Section 11(b) hereto for any dispute or claim concerning continuing entitlement to distributions or other payments, even if such dispute or claim involves or relates to any Restrictive Covenants. For the purposes of this Section 11(c), each party hereto consents to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of the courts of the state and federal courts within the County of New York in the State of New York.
12.Restricted Share Award Agreement Binding on Successors. The terms of this Restricted Share Award Agreement shall be binding upon the Participant and upon the Participant’s heirs, executors, administrators, personal representatives, transferees, assignees and successors in interest and upon the Company, its Affiliates and its and their successors and assignees, subject to the terms of the Plan.
13.No Assignment. Subject to the second sentence of Section 4(c), neither this Restricted Share Award Agreement nor any rights granted herein shall be assignable by the Participant other than (with respect to any rights that survive the Participant’s death) by will or the laws of descent and distribution. No purported sale, assignment, mortgage, hypothecation, transfer, pledge, encumbrance, gift, transfer in trust (voting or other) or other disposition of, or creation of a security interest in or lien on, any Restricted Shares or Restricted Shares by any holder thereof in violation of the provisions of this Restricted Share Award Agreement or the Plan will be valid, and the Company will not transfer any of said Restricted Shares or Restricted Shares on its books nor will any Restricted Shares be entitled to vote, nor will any distributions be paid thereon, unless and until there has been full compliance with said provisions to the satisfaction of the Company. The foregoing restrictions are in addition to and not in lieu of any other remedies, legal or equitable, available to enforce said provisions. The Company may meet any of its obligations with respect to the Award by causing such obligation to be satisfied by one or more of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates.
14.Compliance with Law; Necessary Acts. The Participant and Eligible Recipient hereby agree to perform all acts, and to execute and deliver any documents, that may be reasonably necessary to carry out the provisions of this Restricted Share Award Agreement, including but not limited to all acts and documents related to compliance with securities, tax and other applicable laws and regulations. The Company shall not be obligated to transfer any Shares to the Participant free of a restrictive legend or notation if such transfer, in the reasonable view of the Administrator, could violate the Securities Act or any other applicable law.
15.Severability. Should any provision of this Restricted Share Award Agreement be held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable, or enforceable only if modified, such holding shall not affect the validity of the remainder of this Restricted Share Award Agreement, the balance of which shall continue to be binding upon the parties hereto with any such modification (if any) to become a part hereof and treated as though contained in this original Restricted Share Award Agreement. Moreover, if one or more of the provisions contained in this Restricted Share Award Agreement shall for any reason be held to be excessively broad as to scope, activity, subject or otherwise so as to be unenforceable, then in lieu of severing such unenforceable provision or provisions, it or they shall be construed by the appropriate judicial body by limiting or reducing it or them, so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent compatible with the applicable law as it shall then appear, and such determination by a judicial body shall not affect the enforceability of such provisions or provisions in any other jurisdiction.
16.Failure to Enforce Not a Waiver. The failure of the Company to enforce at any time any provision of this Restricted Share Award Agreement shall in no way be construed to be a waiver of that provision or of any other provision hereof.
17.Entire Agreement. This Restricted Share Award Agreement, the Grant Notice, the Advisors LPA, the Award Letter and the Plan (collectively, the “Grant Documents”) contain the entire agreement and understanding among the parties as to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior writings or understandings with respect to the grant of Restricted Shares covered by this Award. The Participant and Eligible Recipient acknowledge that any summary of the Grant Documents provided by the Company or any of its Affiliates is subject in its entirety to the terms of the Grant Documents. References herein or in the Plan to this Restricted Share Award Agreement include references to its Exhibits, the Grant Notice and its Annexes, the Advisors LPA and the Award Letter and the attachments thereto that pertain to this Award.
18.Headings. Headings are used solely for the convenience of the parties and shall not be deemed to be a limitation upon or description of the contents of any Section.
19.Counterparts. This Restricted Share Award Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, including via facsimile or PDF, each of which shall be deemed to be an original and all of which together shall be deemed to be one and the same instrument.
20.Amendment. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan or Section 10(c), no amendment or modification hereof shall be valid unless it shall be in writing and signed by the Participant and the Company.
21.Disposition of Vested Shares. Subject to applicable law, the Participant may dispose of its vested Shares granted under this Award during any “window period” in which sales by Company personnel (including the Eligible Recipient) are permitted, or otherwise pursuant to the terms of a 10b5-1 plan on the same terms as apply to the use of such plans by other Company personnel, subject to approval by the Company’s compliance department. The Restricted Shares and vested Shares granted under this Award are not subject to the Company’s Share Ownership Policy.
22.Acknowledgements and Representations. The Participant is acquiring the Restricted Shares solely for the Participant’s own account, for investment purposes only, and not with a view to or an intent to sell or distribute, or to offer for resale in connection with any unregistered distribution, all or any portion of the Restricted Shares within the meaning of the Securities Act and/or any other applicable securities laws. The Participant and Eligible Recipient have had an opportunity to ask questions and receive answers from the Company regarding the terms and conditions of the Award and the restrictions imposed on the Restricted Shares. The Participant has been furnished with, and/or has access to, such information as it considers necessary or appropriate for deciding whether to accept the Award. However, in evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in the Company, the Participant has and will rely upon the advice of its own legal counsel, tax advisors and/or investment advisors. The Participant is aware that Restricted Shares may be of no practical value. The Participant has read and understands the restrictions and limitations set forth in the Plan and this Restricted Share Award Agreement, which are imposed on the Restricted Shares. The Participant confirms that the Participant has not relied on any warranty, representation, assurance or promise of any kind whatsoever in entering into this Restricted Share Award Agreement other than as expressly set out in this Restricted Share Award Agreement or in the Plan. The Participant hereby accepts and agrees to all of the terms and provisions of this Restricted Share Award Agreement, including its Exhibits.
23.Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to the Award (or future Awards that may be granted under the Plan) and participation in the Plan by electronic means or to request the Participant’s or Eligible Recipient’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. The Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery, including in care of the Eligible Recipient, and, if requested, to agree to participate in the Plan through an online or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or a third party designated by the Company.
24.Recoupment. The Participant, by accepting the Award, hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Participant and Eligible Recipient will be subject to any applicable AGM corporate clawback policy referred to in the Award Letter.
25.Representations and Covenants of the Eligible Recipient and the Participant.
(a)    The Eligible Recipient and the Participant request that the Administrator grant the Award to the Participant.
(b)    At the request of the Administrator, the Company or an Affiliate, the Participant shall contribute an amount equal to its proportionate share of the Eligible Recipient’s Clawback Share of any Clawback Payment as determined by a General Partner pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Eligible Recipient’s obligations in respect of [ ], any alternative general partner vehicle, and the general partners of the foregoing (the “General Partners,” and such vehicles, the “Partnerships”), and the Participant shall execute a Secured Reimbursement Agreement and Guarantee in furtherance of this obligation.
(c)    The Eligible Recipient agrees and confirms that he or she will continue to have a direct obligation to (i) the Partnerships respecting any Clawback Payment (as defined for purposes of the Grant Documents) becoming due by the Eligible Recipient or the Participant in accordance with the Participant Guarantee or the Eligible Recipient’s Guarantee, and (ii) the applicable upper tier guarantor or its designee for any reimbursement obligation of the Eligible Recipient or the Participant arising under the Eligible Participant Reimbursement Agreement or the Participant Reimbursement Agreement.
(d)    The Eligible Recipient and the Participant each respectively represent that the Participant is a Related Party of the Eligible Recipient, as such term is used in the Advisors LPA and each other limited partnership agreement of a relevant Partnership.
(e)    The Participant hereby grants to the Eligible Recipient an exclusive and irrevocable proxy to exercise all rights of the Participant to vote on or consent to any matter in its capacity as a shareholder of the Company and the Company will not be required to accept instructions regarding any such vote or consent on behalf of the Participant from any other person.
(f)    The Participant (i) is an “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act, (ii) is a “qualified purchaser” as defined for purposes of section 3(c)(7) under the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”) and (iii) was not formed for the specific purpose of making an investment, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships within the meaning of the Investment Company Act. The Participant and Eligible Recipient acknowledge that the Shares covered by this Award are not registered on Form S-8 under the Securities Act and that Shares issued to the Participant under the Plan are expected to be “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act.
(g)    The Participant also confirms that, in addition to the transfer restrictions set forth in the Advisors LPA and each other limited partnership agreement of a relevant Partnership, the Participant will not effect any direct or indirect transfer of interests in either the Award or in the Participant (other than to other Partners, Related Parties, or directly or indirectly related family members) without the prior written consent of the relevant General Partner, which consent may be withheld in the absolute discretion of such General Partner; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding any transfer restrictions in the Plan, this Restricted Share Award Agreement, the Advisors LPA and each other limited partnership agreement of a relevant Partnership, each General Partner agrees that no consent of such General Partner will be required for a change in the Participant’s trustee, general partner or manager, or the addition of additional trustees or co-trustees, of the Participant and that, upon notice to each General Partner of such change and receipt by the General Partners of the relevant portions of the trust agreement, limited partnership agreement, limited liability company agreement or other relevant document of the Participant and, if applicable, the instrument of appointment, showing the appointment and authorization of such trustee(s), general partners or managers, each General Partner shall record such change in the books and records of their respective Partnerships.
(h)    The Participant has provided to each General Partner or, upon request of any General Partner, will provide to each General Partner a copy of the relevant portions of the constitutive agreement of the Participant showing the appointment and authority of the trustee(s), general partner or manager.
(i)    The Participant is a [■ - insert corporate form of assignee] that is authorized and has legal capacity to enter into this Restricted Share Award Agreement, and the Person signing this Restricted Share Award Agreement on behalf of the Participant has been duly authorized by the Participant to do so. This Restricted Share Award Agreement has been duly executed and delivered on behalf of the Participant and is the valid and binding agreement of the Participant, enforceable against the Participant in accordance with its terms. Upon the request of a General Partner, the Participant will deliver any documents which may be reasonably requested by such General Partner to evidence or confirm the legality of an investment in the relevant Partnership and the authority of the person executing this Restricted Share Award Agreement on behalf of the Participant.
(j)    Neither the execution and delivery of this Restricted Share Award Agreement, nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, nor compliance by the Participant with any of the provisions hereof, shall (i) conflict with or result in a breach of any provision of the Participant’s charter, by-laws, and/or other similar organizational or governing instruments of the Participant, as the case may be, (ii) constitute or result in a breach of any term, condition or provision of, or constitute a default under, or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation or acceleration with respect to, or result in the creation of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or asset of the Participant pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, license, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which the Participant is a party or (iii) violate or cause the Participant to fail to comply with any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule, regulation or other law applicable to the Participant (or constitute an event which, with the passage of time or action by a third party, would result in any of the foregoing).
(k)    This Restricted Share Award Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Eligible Recipient and is the valid and binding agreement of the Eligible Recipient, enforceable against the Eligible Recipient in accordance with its terms.
(l)    The execution, delivery and performance of this Restricted Share Award Agreement by the Eligible Recipient and Participant requires no consent or approval of any governmental body, agency or official, or any other Person that has not been obtained.
(m)    The Participant, together with such tax, legal and financial advisors as it has chosen to consult, has sufficient knowledge and experience in business and financial matters to evaluate the merits and the risks of an investment in the Award, and the Participant, fully aware of the risks involved, has determined that an investment in the Award is consistent with the Participant’s investment objectives.
(n)    The Participant acknowledges and agrees that a General Partner may release confidential information about it and, if applicable, any Related Party, to regulatory or law enforcement authorities, if such General Partner, in its sole discretion, determines that it is in the best interest of the relevant Partnership to do so.
(o)    The Eligible Recipient and the Participant each respectively represent that the Participant constitutes a “family member” for purposes of the requirements of Instruction A.1.(a)(5) of Form S-8 under the Securities Act, and Rule 701(c)(3) of the Securities Act and will maintain such status at any time that Shares distributed under the Advisors LPA and each other limited partnership agreement of a relevant Partnership may be registered in its name or transferred to it.
(p)    The representations set forth in Sections 10(b), 22 and 25(l) and (n) shall be deemed to be reaffirmed by the Participant and the Eligible Recipient, as appropriate, at any time that Shares are transferred to, or registered in the name of, the Participant.
(q)    Each of the Eligible Recipient and the Participant acknowledges on behalf of itself that the Partnerships and their respective partners will rely upon the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein made by the Eligible Recipient or the Participant, respectively, each of which shall survive the Date of Grant.
(r)    The Eligible Recipient agrees to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, each Partnership, each General Partner and each of their Affiliates and the partners, officers, directors, managers, members, employees, agents and shareholders of each of them, and each other Person, if any, who controls or is controlled by any of the foregoing, within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (together, the “Indemnified Parties”), against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage, cost and expense whatsoever (including, but not limited to, legal fees and disbursements and any and all other expenses whatsoever reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing for or defending against any litigation, arbitration proceeding, or other action or proceeding, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever) arising out of or in connection with, or based upon or resulting from, (i) any false representation or warranty or breach or failure by the Eligible Recipient to comply with any covenant or agreement made by the Eligible Recipient in this Restricted Share Award Agreement or in any other document furnished by it to any of the foregoing in connection with this transaction, (ii) any action for securities law violations instituted by the Eligible Recipient which is finally resolved by judgment against the Eligible Recipient or (iii) the compliance by the General Partners and/or the Partnerships or any of their respective employees in good faith with the requirements of applicable anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism legislation or regulatory provisions with respect to the Eligible Recipient.
(s)    The Participant agrees to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Indemnified Parties against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage, cost and expense whatsoever (including, but not limited to, legal fees and disbursements and any and all other expenses whatsoever reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing for or defending against any litigation, arbitration proceeding, or other action or proceeding, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever) arising out of or in connection with, or based upon or resulting from, (i) any false representation or warranty or breach or failure by the Participant to comply with any covenant or agreement made by the Participant in this Restricted Share Award Agreement or in any other document furnished by it to any of the foregoing in connection with this transaction, (ii) any action for securities law violations instituted by the Participant which is finally resolved by judgment against the Participant or (iii) the compliance by the General Partners and/or the Partnerships or any of their respective employees in good faith with the requirements of applicable anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism legislation or regulatory provisions with respect to the Participant.
(t)    The Participant and Eligible Recipient affirm their obligations under Section 20 of the Plan.






Exhibit A (to ANNEX A)
Vesting Schedule
The Restricted Period will lapse as follows: the Restricted Shares shall vest (and the Restricted Period will lapse) with respect to one third (1/3) of the Award on each of the first three anniversaries of the Vesting Commencement Date set forth in the Grant Notice, provided the Eligible Recipient remains in continuous employment or service with the Company or its Affiliates through each such vesting date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon the Eligible Recipient’s Termination (i) due to death, (ii) by the Company and its Affiliates by reason of Disability[, or (iii) subject to the Participant’s and Eligible Recipient’s execution of and non-revocation of a written general release of claims in favor of the Company and its Affiliates (which shall include customary carve-outs for claims for indemnity and vested compensatory payments), by the Company and its Affiliates other than by reason of a Bad Act (as defined in the Participant’s Award Letter) or a Designated Act (as defined below)], the Participant shall also vest in 50% of the unvested Restricted Shares that remain subject to the Award as of such Termination date. For purposes of the Award, the Eligible Recipient shall be deemed to be in continuous employment or service until such time as the Eligible Recipient dies or otherwise experiences a Termination, or, if earlier, upon providing or receiving notice that his or her employment or service will terminate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, fractional Restricted Shares shall not be deemed vested until they accumulate to equal one whole Share.

Designated Act” means the Eligible Recipient’s:
(a)
intentional breach of any material provision of an award agreement or any other agreement of AGM or any of its Affiliates;
(b)
failure to devote a significant portion of the Eligible Recipient’s time to performing services as an agent of AGM without the prior written consent of AGM, other than by reason of death or Disability; or
(c)
suspension or other disciplinary action against the Eligible Recipient by an applicable regulatory authority;
provided, however, that the Eligible Recipient has failed to cure within 15 days after notice thereof, to the extent such occurrence is susceptible to cure, the item set forth in clause (a).



EAST 112770582 v7


Exhibit 31.1
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION
I, Leon Black, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 of Apollo Global Management, LLC;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:
a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.



Date: August 6, 2019
 
/s/ Leon Black
Leon Black
Chief Executive Officer




Exhibit 31.2
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION
I, Martin Kelly, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 of Apollo Global Management, LLC
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: August 6, 2019
 
/s/ Martin Kelly
Martin Kelly
Chief Financial Officer and Co-Chief Operating Officer




Exhibit 32.1
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Apollo Global Management, LLC (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Leon Black, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: August 6, 2019
 
/s/ Leon Black
Leon Black
Chief Executive Officer
 
*
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.




Exhibit 32.2
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Apollo Global Management, LLC (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Martin Kelly, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: August 6, 2019
 
/s/ Martin Kelly
Martin Kelly
Chief Financial Officer and Co-Chief Operating Officer
 
 
*
The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.