UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-CSR
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED MANAGEMENT
INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Investment Company Act file number |
811-22169 |
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Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds |
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(Exact name of Registrant as specified in charter) |
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c/o BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. 240 Greenwich Street New York, New York 10286 |
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(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) |
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Bennett A. MacDougall, Esq. 240 Greenwich Street New York, New York 10286 |
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(Name and address of agent for service) |
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Registrant's telephone number, including area code: |
(212) 922-6400 |
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Date of fiscal year end:
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04/30 |
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Date of reporting period: |
04/30/2020
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The following N-CSR relates only to the Registrant's series listed below and does not relate to any series of the Registrant with a different fiscal year end and, therefore, different N-CSR reporting requirements. A separate N-CSR will be filed for any series with a different fiscal year end, as appropriate.
Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund
Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund
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Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund
ANNUAL REPORT
April 30, 2020
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The views expressed in this report reflect those of the portfolio manager(s) only through the end of the period covered and do not necessarily represent the views of BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. or any other person in the BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. organization. Any such views are subject to change at any time based upon market or other conditions and BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. disclaims any responsibility to update such views. These views may not be relied on as investment advice and, because investment decisions for a fund in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds are based on numerous factors, may not be relied on as an indication of trading intent on behalf of any fund in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds. |
Not FDIC-Insured • Not Bank-Guaranteed • May Lose Value |
Contents
THE FUND
With Those of Other Funds |
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Public Accounting Firm |
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FOR MORE INFORMATION
Back Cover
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The Fund |
Dear Shareholder:
This annual report for Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund (formerly, Dreyfus Institutional Treasury and Agency Cash Advantage Fund) covers the 12-month period ended April 30, 2020. During the reporting period, the fund produced the following yields and effective yields:1
Yield |
Effective Yield |
|
Institutional Shares |
1.61% |
1.62% |
Hamilton Shares |
1.56% |
1.57% |
Premier Shares |
1.32% |
1.33% |
Yields of money market instruments declined during the reporting period in response to five reductions in short-term interest rates from the Federal Reserve Board (the “Fed”).
The Fed Cuts Rates amid Concerns about Economic Growth and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Early in 2019, Fed Chairman Jerome Powell made it clear the Fed would alter its plan to raise interest rates if the outlook for economic growth were to weaken, and as global growth became increasingly sluggish and threatened to affect the U.S. economy, the central bank implemented three rate reductions late in 2019. This brought the federal funds rate to a range of 1.50%–1.75%. The economic impact of COVID-19 prompted the Fed to make two additional emergency cuts in March 2020, reducing the federal funds target to 0.00%-0.25%.
Prior to the emergence of COVID-19, other major central banks had also moved to, or continued, dovish policies. In late 2019, the European Central Bank reduced short-term interest rates and reimplemented quantitative easing, while the Bank of Japan also remained accommodative, and China continued to add stimulus to its economy. As a result of all these measures, signs of improvement appeared, especially in the manufacturing sector in Europe. Geopolitical concerns also waned somewhat later in the year, as the election in the UK resolved the Brexit issue, and a “Phase One” trade deal eased an impasse between the U.S. and China.
Despite trade tensions with China throughout much of 2019, the U.S. economy experienced steady growth. Gross domestic product grew by 2.0% in the second quarter of 2019, 2.1% in the third quarter and 2.1% in the fourth quarter. For the full year 2019, growth came to 2.3%, according to initial estimates. This followed a growth rate of 2.9% for full-year 2018. But with the emergence of
COVID-19 and efforts to contain it, the U.S. economy contracted, and gross domestic product shrank by -4.8% in the first quarter of 2020.
The labor market remained healthy through most of the 12-month reporting period. The unemployment rate stayed between 3.5% and 3.7% until March 2020, when it rose to 4.4%. In April 2020, widespread layoffs due to COVID-19 produced a jump in the unemployment rate to 14.7%. Job growth remained robust until March 2020, when 870,000 jobs were lost. In April 2020, job losses continued, amounting to 20.5 million.
2
Despite steady economic growth, a strong labor market and rising wages through most of the reporting period, inflation remained subdued. The core Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, generally stayed near or below the Fed’s 2.0% target. As the economy experienced the effects of COVID-19, inflation declined, falling to 1.8% in the first quarter of 2020.
In March 2020, with the continued spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, combined with government shutdowns, the Fed implemented a number of programs to provide relief to the economy and to financial markets. The Fed continued to intervene in money markets, which it began to do last fall when short-term borrowing rates rose dramatically. The Fed had planned to reduce this activity, but with the impact of COVID-19, it has continued the program.
In addition to restarting the bond-buying program known as quantitative easing, the Fed also relaunched the Commercial Paper Funding Facility, which involves direct purchases of commercial paper, thus easing pressures on large corporations that rely on this market to fund operations. In April 2020, the Fed took additional actions to support the economy and markets, including an expansion of the Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility, which was designed to ease lending to small businesses.
Federal Reserve Provides Assistance
The COVID-19 virus and the subsequent economic shutdown led to a temporary freezing up of certain segments of the money markets. While rates on commercial paper rose and prime money market funds experienced outflows, Treasury and agency money market funds benefited from a flight to quality as demand for Treasury bills rose.
The Fed took a number of steps to stabilize markets. In addition to cutting the federal funds target rate to zero, the Fed implemented several programs designed to reliquify the markets, including the Money Market Liquidity Facility. As always, we have retained our longstanding focus on quality and liquidity.
1 Effective yield is based upon dividends declared daily and reinvested monthly. Yields fluctuate. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
Yields provided for the fund reflect the absorption of certain fund expenses by BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. pursuant to an undertaking in effect that may be extended, terminated, or modified at any time. Had these expenses not been absorbed, fund yields would have been lower and, in some cases, seven-day yields during the reporting period would have been negative absent the expense absorption. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
You could lose money by investing in a money market fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time.
Recent market risks include pandemic risks related to COVID-19. The effects of COVID-19 have contributed to increased volatility in global markets and will likely affect certain countries, companies, industries and market sectors more dramatically than others. To the extent the fund may overweight its investments in certain countries, companies, industries or market sectors, such positions will increase the fund's exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those countries, companies, industries or sectors.
Sincerely,
Patricia A. Larkin
Chief Investment Officer
Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies
May 15, 2020
3
UNDERSTANDING YOUR FUND’S EXPENSES (Unaudited)
As a mutual fund investor, you pay ongoing expenses, such as management fees and other expenses. Using the information below, you can estimate how these expenses affect your investment and compare them with the expenses of other funds. You also may pay one-time transaction expenses, including sales charges (loads) and redemption fees, which are not shown in this section and would have resulted in higher total expenses. For more information, see your fund’s prospectus or talk to your financial adviser.
Review your fund’s expenses
The table below shows the expenses you would have paid on a $1,000 investment in Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund from November 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020. It also shows how much a $1,000 investment would be worth at the close of the period, assuming actual returns and expenses.
COMPARING YOUR FUND’S EXPENSES
WITH THOSE OF OTHER FUNDS (Unaudited)
Using the SEC’s method to compare expenses
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has established guidelines to help investors assess fund expenses. Per these guidelines, the table below shows your fund’s expenses based on a $1,000 investment, assuming a hypothetical 5% annualized return. You can use this information to compare the ongoing expenses (but not transaction expenses or total cost) of investing in the fund with those of other funds. All mutual fund shareholder reports will provide this information to help you make this comparison. Please note that you cannot use this information to estimate your actual ending account balance and expenses paid during the period.
4
STATEMENT OF INVESTMENTS
April 30, 2020
U.S. Treasury Notes - 11.2% |
Annualized
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Principal
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Value ($) |
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6/30/2020 |
1.63 |
35,000,000 |
35,002,094 |
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11/30/2020 |
2.75 |
15,000,000 |
15,174,005 |
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Total U.S. Treasury Notes (cost $50,176,099) |
50,176,099 |
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U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes - 33.4% |
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5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.04% |
0.17 |
35,000,000 |
a |
34,999,961 |
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5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.05% |
0.17 |
30,000,000 |
a |
29,989,757 |
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5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.12% |
0.24 |
25,000,000 |
a |
25,013,652 |
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5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.14% |
0.26 |
40,000,000 |
a |
40,010,128 |
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5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.15% |
0.28 |
10,000,000 |
a |
10,000,000 |
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5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.22% |
0.35 |
10,000,000 |
a |
10,000,615 |
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Total U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes (cost $150,014,113) |
150,014,113 |
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Repurchase Agreements - 54.8% |
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ABN Amro Bank , Tri-Party Agreement thru BNY Mellon, dated 4/30/2020, due at 5/1/2020 in the amount of $50,000,028 (fully collateralized by: original par of $45,094,492, U.S. Treasuries (including strips), 0.63%-2.88%, due 3/31/21-8/15/49, valued at $51,000,004) |
0.02 |
50,000,000 |
50,000,000 |
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Bank of Nova Scotia , Tri-Party Agreement thru BNY Mellon, dated 4/30/2020, due at 5/1/2020 in the amount of $50,000,028 (fully collateralized by: original par of $42,064,081, U.S. Treasuries (including strips), 0.00%-7.88%, due 5/5/20-8/15/49, valued at $51,000,001) |
0.02 |
50,000,000 |
50,000,000 |
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Barclays Bank , Tri-Party Agreement thru BNY Mellon, dated 4/30/2020, due at 5/1/2020 in the amount of $30,000,017 (fully collateralized by: original par of $25,073,700, U.S. Treasuries (including strips), 0.13%-1.00%, due 4/15/25-2/15/47, valued at $30,600,029) |
0.02 |
30,000,000 |
30,000,000 |
5
STATEMENT OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
Repurchase Agreements - 54.8% (continued) |
Annualized
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Principal
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Value ($) |
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Credit Agricole CIB , Tri-Party Agreement thru BNY Mellon, dated 4/30/2020, due at 5/1/2020 in the amount of $16,000,009 (fully collateralized by: original par of $14,830,170, U.S. Treasuries (including strips), 0.00%-8.75%, due 5/7/20-8/15/47, valued at $16,320,000) |
0.02 |
16,000,000 |
16,000,000 |
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RBC Dominion Securities , Tri-Party Agreement thru BNY Mellon, dated 4/30/2020, due at 5/1/2020 in the amount of $100,000,056 (fully collateralized by: original par of $97,034,600, U.S. Treasuries (including strips), 0.38%-2.63%, due 4/30/21-11/30/24, valued at $102,000,015) |
0.02 |
100,000,000 |
100,000,000 |
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Total Repurchase Agreements (cost $246,000,000) |
246,000,000 |
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Total Investments (cost $446,190,212) |
99.4% |
446,190,212 |
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Cash and Receivables (Net) |
.6% |
2,484,860 |
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Net Assets |
100.0% |
448,675,072 |
a Variable rate security—rate shown is the interest rate in effect at period end. Date shown represents the earlier of the next interest reset date or ultimate maturity date.
Portfolio Summary (Unaudited) † |
Value (%) |
Repurchase Agreements |
54.8 |
U.S. Treasury Securities |
44.6 |
99.4 |
† Based on net assets.
See notes to financial statements.
6
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
April 30, 2020
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Cost |
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Value |
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Assets ($): |
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Investments in securities—See Statement of Investments
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446,190,212 |
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446,190,212 |
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Cash |
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2,199,125 |
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Interest receivable |
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365,113 |
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448,754,450 |
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Liabilities ($): |
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Due to BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. and affiliates—Note 2(c) |
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76,314 |
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Trustees’ fees and expenses payable |
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3,064 |
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79,378 |
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Net Assets ($) |
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448,675,072 |
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Composition of Net Assets ($): |
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Paid-in capital |
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448,671,162 |
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Total distributable earnings (loss) |
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3,910 |
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Net Assets ($) |
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448,675,072 |
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Net Asset Value Per Share |
Institutional Shares |
Hamilton Shares |
Premier Shares |
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Net Assets ($) |
162,338,560 |
100,298,201 |
186,038,311 |
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Shares Outstanding |
162,106,204 |
100,155,076 |
185,767,065 |
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Net Asset Value Per Share ($) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
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See notes to financial statements. |
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7
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended April 30, 2020
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Investment Income ($): |
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Interest Income |
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9,896,122 |
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Expenses: |
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Management fee—Note 2(a) |
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758,366 |
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Shareholder servicing costs—Note 2(b) |
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555,901 |
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Administrative service fees—Note 2(b) |
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105,365 |
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Service Plan fees—Note 2(b) |
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82,732 |
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Trustees’ fees—Note 2(a,d) |
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46,835 |
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Total Expenses |
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1,549,199 |
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Less—reduction in expenses due to undertaking—Note 2(a) |
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(31,654) |
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Less—Trustees’ fees reimbursed by
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(46,835) |
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Net Expenses |
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1,470,710 |
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Investment Income—Net |
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8,425,412 |
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Net Realized Gain (Loss) on Investments—Note 1(b) ($) |
3,910 |
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Net Increase in Net Assets Resulting from Operations |
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8,429,322 |
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See notes to financial statements. |
8
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
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Year Ended April 30, |
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2020 |
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2019 |
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Operations ($): |
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Investment income—net |
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8,425,412 |
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12,136,687 |
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Net realized gain (loss) on investments |
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3,910 |
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9,377 |
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Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets
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8,429,322 |
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12,146,064 |
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Distributions ($): |
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Distributions to shareholders: |
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Institutional Shares |
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(3,881,646) |
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(6,234,461) |
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Hamilton Shares |
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(1,214,265) |
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(1,379,071) |
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Premier Shares |
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(3,338,878) |
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(4,586,860) |
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Total Distributions |
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(8,434,789) |
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(12,200,392) |
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Beneficial Interest Transactions ($1.00 per share): |
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Net proceeds from shares sold: |
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Institutional Shares |
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1,149,232,148 |
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4,045,265,716 |
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Hamilton Shares |
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306,320,458 |
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807,474,030 |
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Premier Shares |
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1,527,213,096 |
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1,597,209,315 |
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Distributions reinvested: |
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Institutional Shares |
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2,353,833 |
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3,089,336 |
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Hamilton Shares |
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182,458 |
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251,247 |
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Premier Shares |
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25,640 |
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108,675 |
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Cost of shares redeemed: |
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Institutional Shares |
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(1,224,667,570) |
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(4,043,869,218) |
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Hamilton Shares |
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(427,999,101) |
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(639,319,740) |
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Premier Shares |
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(1,575,265,933) |
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(1,611,151,937) |
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Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets
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(242,604,971) |
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159,057,424 |
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Total Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets |
(242,610,438) |
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159,003,096 |
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Net Assets ($): |
|
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Beginning of Period |
|
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691,285,510 |
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532,282,414 |
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End of Period |
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448,675,072 |
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691,285,510 |
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See notes to financial statements. |
9
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The following tables describe the performance for each share class for the fiscal periods indicated. All information reflects financial results for a single fund share. Total return shows how much your investment in the fund would have increased (or decreased) during each period, assuming you had reinvested all dividends and distributions. These figures have been derived from the fund’s financial statements.
Four |
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Months |
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Ended |
Year Ended |
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Year Ended April 30, |
April 30, |
December 31, |
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Institutional Shares |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
2016a |
2015 |
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Per Share Data ($): |
|||||||
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Investment Operations: |
|||||||
Investment income―net |
.016 |
.020 |
.011 |
.003 |
.001 |
.000b |
|
Distributions: |
|||||||
Dividends from
|
(.016) |
(.020) |
(.011) |
(.003) |
(.001) |
(.000)b |
|
Net asset value, end of period |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Total Return (%) |
1.62 |
2.07 |
1.07 |
.34 |
.07c |
.00d |
|
Ratios/
|
|||||||
Ratio of total expenses
|
.15 |
.15 |
.14 |
.14 |
.14e |
.14 |
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Ratio of net expenses
|
.14 |
.14 |
.13 |
.14 |
.14e |
.08 |
|
Ratio of net investment income |
|||||||
to average net assets |
1.68 |
2.06 |
.94 |
.36 |
.20e |
.00d |
|
Net Assets,
|
162,339 |
235,601 |
230,991 |
264,327 |
136,056 |
126,785 |
a The fund has changed its fiscal year end from December 31 to April 30.
b Amount represents less than $.001 per share.
c Not annualized.
d Amount represents less than .01%.
e Annualized.
See notes to financial statements.
10
Four |
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Months |
|||||||
Ended |
Year Ended |
||||||
Year Ended April 30, |
April 30, |
December 31, |
|||||
Hamilton Shares |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
2016a |
2015 |
|
Per Share Data ($): |
|||||||
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Investment Operations: |
|||||||
Investment income―net |
.016 |
.020 |
.010 |
.003 |
.000b |
.000b |
|
Distributions: |
|||||||
Dividends from
|
(.016) |
(.020) |
(.010) |
(.003) |
(.000)b |
(.000)b |
|
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Total Return (%) |
1.57 |
2.02 |
1.01 |
.29 |
.05 c |
.00d |
|
Ratios/
|
|||||||
Ratio of total expenses
|
.20 |
.20 |
.19 |
.19 |
.19e |
.19 |
|
Ratio of net expenses
|
.19 |
.19 |
.18 |
.19 |
.19 e |
.08 |
|
Ratio of net investment income |
|||||||
to average net assets |
1.60 |
1.95 |
.94 |
.30 |
.14e |
.00d |
|
Net Assets,
|
100,298 |
221,725 |
53,323 |
213,770 |
160,133 |
195,153 |
a The fund has changed its fiscal year end from December 31 to April 30.
b Amount represents less than $.001 per share.
c Not annualized.
d Amount represents less than .01%.
e Annualized.
See notes to financial statements.
11
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Four |
|||||||
Months |
|||||||
Ended |
Year Ended |
||||||
Year Ended April 30, |
April 30, |
December 31, |
|||||
Premier Shares |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
2016a |
2015 |
|
Per Share Data ($): |
|||||||
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Investment Operations: |
|||||||
Investment income―net |
.013 |
.017 |
.008 |
.001 |
.000b |
.000b |
|
Distributions: |
|||||||
Dividends from
|
(.013) |
(.017) |
(.008) |
(.001) |
(.000)b |
(.000)b |
|
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Total Return (%) |
1.33 |
1.76 |
.76 |
.08 |
.00c,d |
.00d |
|
Ratios/
|
|||||||
Ratio of total expenses
|
.45 |
.45 |
.44 |
.44 |
.44e |
.44 |
|
Ratio of net expenses
|
.43 |
.44 |
.43 |
.39 |
.33e |
.08 |
|
Ratio of net investment income |
|||||||
to average net assets |
1.42 |
1.72 |
.72 |
.07 |
.01e |
.00d |
|
Net Assets,
|
186,038 |
233,959 |
247,968 |
289,560 |
420,212 |
482,654 |
a The fund has changed its fiscal year end from December 31 to April 30.
b Amount represents less than $.001 per share.
c Not annualized.
d Amount represents less than .01%.
e Annualized.
See notes to financial statements.
12
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1—Significant Accounting Policies:
Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund (the “fund”) is a separate diversified series of Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds (the “Company”), which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”), as an open-end management investment company and operates as a series company currently offering three series, including the fund. The fund’s investment objective is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with the preservation of capital and the maintenance of liquidity. The fund is managed by Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies, a division of BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. (the “Adviser”), the fund’s investment adviser and a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation (“BNY Mellon”).
Effective June 3, 2019, The Dreyfus Corporation, the fund’s investment adviser, changed its name to “BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc.”, MBSC Securities Corporation, the fund’s distributor, changed its name to “BNY Mellon Securities Corporation” and Dreyfus Transfer, Inc., the fund’s transfer agent, changed its name to “BNY Mellon Transfer, Inc.”
Effective July 1, 2019, the fund changed its name from “Dreyfus Institutional Treasury and Agency Cash Advantage Fund” to “Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund”.
BNY Mellon Securities Corporation (the “Distributor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, is the distributor of the fund’s shares, which are sold to the public without a sales charge. The fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of $.001 par value shares of Beneficial Interest in each of the following classes of shares: Institutional shares, Hamilton shares and Premier shares. Effective May 31, 2019, each share class of the fund, except Institutional shares, became subject to a Shareholder Services Plan, and the Premier shares of the fund became subject to an Administrative Services Plan (the “Plans”). The Plans replaced the Service Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act which had been in place for each share class of the fund, except Institutional Shares, prior to May 31, 2019. The aggregate fees paid by each fund pursuant to the Plans will continue to be the same as the fees that were payable under the prior Service Plan. Other differences between the classes include the services offered to and the expenses borne by each class, and certain voting rights. Income, expenses (other than expenses attributable to a specific class), and realized and unrealized gains or losses on investments are allocated to each class of shares based on its relative net assets.
13
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The fund operates as a “government money market fund” as that term is defined in Rule 2a-7 under the Act. It is the fund’s policy to maintain a constant net asset value (“NAV”) per share of $1.00 and the fund has adopted certain investment, portfolio valuation and dividend and distribution policies to enable it to do so. There is no assurance, however, that the fund will be able to maintain a constant NAV per share of $1.00.
The Company accounts separately for the assets, liabilities and operations of each series. Expenses directly attributable to each series are charged to that series’ operations; expenses which are applicable to all series are allocated among them on a pro rata basis.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) is the exclusive reference of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under authority of federal laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The fund is an investment company and applies the accounting and reporting guidance of the FASB ASC Topic 946 Financial Services-Investment Companies. The fund’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP, which may require the use of management estimates and assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown. The fund does not anticipate recognizing any loss related to these arrangements.
(a) Portfolio valuation: Investments in securities are valued at amortized cost in accordance with Rule 2a-7 under the Act. If amortized cost is determined not to approximate fair market value, the fair value of the portfolio securities will be determined by procedures established by and under the general oversight of the Company’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”).
The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price). GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).
14
Additionally, GAAP provides guidance on determining whether the volume and activity in a market has decreased significantly and whether such a decrease in activity results in transactions that are not orderly. GAAP requires enhanced disclosures around valuation inputs and techniques used during annual and interim periods.
Various inputs are used in determining the value of the fund’s investments relating to fair value measurements. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:
Level 1—unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical investments.
Level 2—other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar investments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.).
Level 3—significant unobservable inputs (including the fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments).
The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. For example, money market securities are valued using amortized cost, in accordance with rules under the Act. Generally, amortized cost approximates the current fair value of a security, but since the value is not obtained from a quoted price in an active market, such securities are reflected within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The following is a summary of the inputs used as of April 30, 2020 in valuing the fund’s investments:
Valuation Inputs |
Short-Term Investments ($)† |
Level 1 - Unadjusted Quoted Prices |
- |
Level 2 - Other Significant Observable Inputs |
446,190,212 |
Level 3 - Significant Unobservable Inputs |
- |
Total |
446,190,212 |
† See Statement of Investments for additional detailed categorizations, if any.
(b) Securities transactions and investment income: Securities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. Interest income, adjusted for accretion of discount and amortization of premium on investments, is earned from settlement date and is recognized on the accrual basis. Realized gains and losses from securities transactions are recorded on the identified cost basis.
The fund may enter into repurchase agreements with financial institutions, deemed to be creditworthy by the Adviser, subject to the seller’s agreement
15
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
to repurchase and the fund’s agreement to resell such securities at a mutually agreed upon price. Pursuant to the terms of the repurchase agreement, such securities must have an aggregate market value greater than or equal to the terms of the repurchase price plus accrued interest at all times. If the value of the underlying securities falls below the value of the repurchase price plus accrued interest, the fund will require the seller to deposit additional collateral by the next business day. If the request for additional collateral is not met, or the seller defaults on its repurchase obligation, the fund maintains its right to sell the underlying securities at market value and may claim any resulting loss against the seller. The collateral is held on behalf of the fund by the tri-party administrator with respect to any tri-party agreement. The fund may also jointly enter into one or more repurchase agreements with other funds managed by the Adviser in accordance with an exemptive order granted by the SEC pursuant to section 17(d) and Rule 17d-1 under the Act. Any joint repurchase agreements must be collateralized fully by U.S. Government securities.
(c) Risk: Certain events particular to the industries in which the fund’s investments conduct their operations, as well as general economic, political and public health conditions, may have a significant negative impact on the investee’s operations and profitability. In addition, turbulence in financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and/or fixed income markets may negatively affect many issuers, which could adversely affect the fund. Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, and conditions and events in one country, region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. These risks may be magnified if certain events or developments adversely interrupt the global supply chain; in these and other circumstances, such risks might affect companies world-wide. Recent examples include pandemic risks related to COVID-19 and aggressive measures taken world-wide in response by governments, including closing borders, restricting international and domestic travel, and the imposition of prolonged quarantines of large populations, and by businesses, including changes to operations and reducing staff. To the extent the fund may overweight its investments in certain countries, companies, industries or market sectors, such positions will increase the fund’s exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those countries, companies, industries or sectors.
(d) Dividends and distributions to shareholders: It is the policy of the fund to declare dividends daily from investment income-net. Such dividends are paid monthly. Dividends from net realized capital gains, if any, are normally declared and paid annually, but the fund may make distributions on a more frequent basis to comply with the distribution
16
requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). To the extent that net realized capital gains can be offset by capital loss carryovers, it is the policy of the fund not to distribute such gains.
(e) Federal income taxes: It is the policy of the fund to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company, if such qualification is in the best interests of its shareholders, by complying with the applicable provisions of the Code, and to make distributions of taxable income and net realized capital gain sufficient to relieve it from substantially all federal income and excise taxes.
As of and during the period ended April 30, 2020, the fund did not have any liabilities for any uncertain tax positions. The fund recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions as income tax expense in the Statement of Operations. During the period ended April 30, 2020, the fund did not incur any interest or penalties.
Each tax year in the four-year period ended April 30, 2020 remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and state taxing authorities.
At April 30, 2020, the components of accumulated earnings on a tax basis were substantially the same as for financial reporting purposes.
The tax character of distributions paid to shareholders during the fiscal periods ended April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019 were as follows: ordinary income $8,426,905 and $12,182,365, and long-term capital gains $7,884 and $18,027, respectively.
At April 30, 2020, the cost of investments for federal income tax purposes was substantially the same as the cost for financial reporting purposes (see the Statement of Investments).
(f) New Accounting Pronouncements: Effective June 1, 2019, the fund adopted Accounting Standards Update 2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization On Purchased Callable Debt Securities (“ASU 2017-08”). The update shortens the amortization period for the premium on certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date.
Also effective June 1, 2019, the fund adopted Accounting Standards Update 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The update provides guidance that modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The
17
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
adoption of ASU 2017-08 and ASU 2018-13 had no impact on the operations of the fund for the period ended April 30, 2020.
NOTE 2—Management Fee and Other Transactions with Affiliates:
(a) Pursuant to a management agreement with the Adviser, the management fee is computed at the annual rate of .14% of the value of the fund’s average daily net assets and is payable monthly. Out of its fee, The Adviser pays all of the expenses of the fund except management fees, Rule 12b-1 Service Plan fees, Shareholder Services Plan fees, Administrative Services Plan fees, brokerage fees, taxes, fees and expenses of non-interested Trustees (including counsel fees) and extraordinary expenses. In addition, the Adviser is required to reduce its fee in an amount equal to the fund’s allocable portion of fees and expenses of the non-interested Trustees (including counsel fees). During the period ended April 30, 2020, fees reimbursed by the Adviser amounted to $46,835.
The Adviser has also undertaken to waive receipt of the management fee and/or reimburse operating expenses in order to facilitate a daily yield at or above a certain level which may change from time to time. This undertaking is voluntary and not contractual, and may be terminated at any time. The reduction in expenses, pursuant to the undertaking, amounted to $31,654 during the period ended April 30, 2020.
(b) Under the fund’s Shareholder Services Plan, with respect to the fund’s applicable Hamilton shares and Premier shares, the fund pays the Distributor for advertising, marketing and for providing certain services relating to shareholders of the respective class of shares. Hamilton shares and Premier shares pay the Distributor at annual rates of .05% and .25%, respectively, of the value of the applicable share class’ average daily net assets. These services include answering shareholder inquiries regarding the fund and providing reports and other information and services related to the maintenance of shareholder accounts. Under the Shareholder Services Plan, the Distributor may make payments to Service Agents with respect to these services. The amount paid under the Shareholder Services Plan for Servicing is intended to be a “service fee” as defined under the Conduct Rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), and at no time will such amount exceed the maximum amount permitted to be paid under the FINRA Conduct Rules as a service fee. The fees payable under the Service Plan are payable without regard to actual expenses occurred. Additionally, with respect to the fund’s applicable Premier shares, the fund will pay the Distributor for the provision of certain types of recordkeeping and other related services pursuant to the Administrative Services Plan. Premier shares pay the Distributor at an annual rate of .05%
18
of the value of the applicable Premier shares class’ average daily net assets. Neither the Shareholder Services Plan nor the Administrative Services Plan provides for payments related to the distribution of fund shares. Under the Plans, as to each class, the Distributor would be able to pay financial intermediaries from the fees it receives from the Plans for the provision of the respective services by the intermediaries to their clients who are beneficial owners of fund shares. During the period ended April 30, 2020, Hamilton shares and Premier shares were charged $29,075 and $526,826, respectively, pursuant to the Shareholder Services Plan and Premier shares were charged $105,365 pursuant to the Administrative Services Plan.
Prior to May 31, 2019, the fund was subject to a Service Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act (the “Service Plan”), with respect to the fund’s applicable Hamilton shares and Premier shares, the fund had paid the Distributor for distributing such classes of shares, for servicing and/or maintaining shareholder accounts and for advertising and marketing. The Service Plan provides for payments to be made at annual rates of .05% and .30% of the value of such class’ average daily net assets of the Hamilton and Premier shares, respectively. The fees payable under the Service Plan are payable without regard to actual expenses incurred. During the period ended April 30, 2020, Hamilton shares and Premier shares were charged $8,918 and $73,814, respectively, pursuant to the Service Plan.
The fund has an arrangement with the custodian whereby the fund will receive interest income or be charged an overdraft fees when cash balances are maintained. For financial reporting purposes, the fund includes this interest income and overdraft fees, if any, as interest income in the Statements of Operations.
(c) The components of “Due to BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. and affiliates” in the Statement of Assets and Liabilities consist of: management fees of $51,569, Administrative Services Plan fees of $7,715 and Shareholder Services Plan fees of $42,735, which are offset against an expense reimbursement currently in effect in the amount of $25,705.
(d) Each Board member also serves as a Board member of other funds in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds complex. Annual retainer fees and attendance fees are allocated to each fund based on net assets.
19
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Trustees of Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund (formerly, Dreyfus Institutional Treasury and Agency Cash Advantage Fund)
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund (the “Fund”) (formerly, Dreyfus Institutional Treasury and Agency Cash Advantage Fund) (one of the funds constituting Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds), including the statement of investments, as of April 30, 2020, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, the financial highlights for each of the four years in the period then ended, for the period from January 1, 2016 to April 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund (one of the funds constituting Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds) at April 30, 2020, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and its financial highlights for each of the four years in the period then ended, for the period from January 1, 2016 to April 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Fund is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of April 30, 2020, by correspondence with the custodian and others or by other appropriate auditing procedures where replies from others were not received. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We have served as the auditor of one or more investment companies in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds since at least 1957, but we are unable to determine the specific year.
New York, New York
June 25, 2020
20
IMPORTANT TAX INFORMATION (Unaudited)
For federal tax purposes, the fund hereby reports 100% of ordinary income dividends paid during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 as qualifying “interest related dividends.” The fund designates $7,884 as a long-term capital gain distribution for reporting purposes.
21
BOARD MEMBERS INFORMATION (Unaudited)
INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS
Joseph S. DiMartino (76)
Chairman of the Board (2008)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Director or Trustee of funds in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and certain other entities (as described in the fund’s Statement of Additional Information) (1995-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· CBIZ, Inc., a public company providing professional business services, products and solutions, Director (1997-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 114
———————
Francine J. Bovich (68)
Board Member (2015)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Trustee, The Bradley Trusts, private trust funds (2011-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· Annaly Capital Management, Inc., a real estate investment trust, Director (2014-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 68
———————
J. Charles Cardona (64)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· President of the Adviser (2008-2016)
· Chief Executive Officer of Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies, a division of the Adviser (2009-2016)
· Chairman (2013-2016) and Executive Vice President (1997-2013) of the Distributor
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· BNY Mellon ETF Trust, Chairman and Director (2020-Present)
· BNY Mellon Liquidity Funds, Chairman and Director (2019-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 32
———————
Gordon J. Davis (78)
Board Member (2012)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Partner in the law firm of Venable LLP (2012-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 52
———————
22
Andrew J. Donohue (69)
Board Member (2019)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Of Counsel, Shearman & Sterling LLP (2017-2019)
· Chief of Staff to the Chair of the SEC (2015-2017)
· Managing Director and Investment Company General Counsel of Goldman Sachs (2012-2015)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· Oppenheimer Funds (58 funds), Director (2017-2019)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 54
———————
Isabel P. Dunst (73)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Senior Counsel, Hogan Lovells LLP (2018-2019); Of Counsel (2015-2018); Partner (1990-2015)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 32
———————
Nathan Leventhal (77)
Board Member (2009)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· President Emeritus of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts (2001-Present)
· President of the Palm Beach Opera (2016-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· Movado Group, Inc., a public company that designs, sources, markets and distributes watches Director (2003-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 46
———————
Robin A. Melvin (56)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Co-chairman, Mentor Illinois, a non-profit organization dedicated to increasing the quantity and quality of mentoring services in Illinois (2014-Present); Board member (2013-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 92
———————
23
BOARD MEMBERS INFORMATION (Unaudited) (continued)
INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS (continued)
Roslyn M. Watson (70)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Principal, Watson Ventures, Inc., a real estate investment company (1993-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· American Express Bank, FSB, Director (1993-2018)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 54
———————
Benaree Pratt Wiley (73)
Board Member (2009)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Principal, The Wiley Group, a firm specializing in strategy and business development (2005-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· CBIZ, Inc., a public company providing professional business services, products and solutions, Director (2008-Present)
· Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts, Director (2004-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 74
———————
Once elected all Board Members serve for an indefinite term, but achieve Emeritus status upon reaching age 80. The address of the Board Members and Officers is c/o BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286. Additional information about the Board Members is available in the fund’s Statement of Additional Information which can be obtained from the Adviser free of charge by calling this toll free number: 1-800-373-9387.
Clifford L. Alexander, Jr., Emeritus Board Member
Whitney I. Gerard, Emeritus Board Member
George L. Perry, Emeritus Board Member
24
OFFICERS OF THE FUND (Unaudited)
RENEE LAROCHE-MORRIS, President since May 2019.
President and a director of BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. since January 2018. She is an officer of 62 investment companies (comprised of 114 portfolios) managed by the Adviser. She is 48 years old and has been an employee of BNY Mellon since 2003.
JAMES WINDELS, Treasurer since January 2008.
Director-BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 61 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since April 1985.
BENNETT A. MACDOUGALL, Chief Legal Officer since October 2015.
Chief Legal Officer of the Adviser and Associate General Counsel and Managing Director of BNY Mellon since June 2015; Director and Associate General Counsel of Deutsche Bank–Asset & Wealth Management Division from June 2005 to June 2015, and as Chief Legal Officer of Deutsche Investment Management Americas Inc. from June 2012 to May 2015. He is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 48 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since June 2015.
DAVID DIPETRILLO, Vice President since May 2019.
Head of North America Product, BNY Mellon Investment Management since January 2018, Director of Product Strategy, BNY Mellon Investment Management from January 2016 to December 2017; Head of US Retail Product and Channel Marketing, BNY Mellon Investment Management from January 2014 to December 2015. He is an officer of 63 investment companies (comprised of 122 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 42 years old and has been an employee of BNY Mellon since 2005.
JAMES BITETTO, Vice President since January 2008 and Secretary since February 2018.
Senior Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon since December 2019; Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon from April 2014 to December 2019; Secretary of the Adviser, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 53 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since December 1996.
SONALEE CROSS, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2018.
Counsel of BNY Mellon since October 2016; Associate at Proskauer Rose LLP from April 2016 to September 2016; Attorney at EnTrust Capital from August 2015 to February 2016; Associate at Sidley Austin LLP from September 2013 to August 2015. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 32 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since October 2016.
DEIRDRE CUNNANE, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2019.
Counsel of BNY Mellon since August 2018; Senior Regulatory Specialist at BNY Mellon Investment Management Services from February 2016 to August 2018; Trustee Associate at BNY Mellon Trust Company (Ireland) Limited from August 2013 to February 2016. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 29 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since August 2018.
SARAH S. KELLEHER, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since April 2014.
Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon since December 2017, Senior Counsel of BNY Mellon from March 2013 to December 2017. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 44 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since March 2013.
JEFF PRUSNOFSKY, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since January 2008.
Senior Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 54 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since October 1990.
PETER M. SULLIVAN, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2019.
Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 52 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since April 2004.
25
OFFICERS OF THE FUND (Unaudited) (continued)
AMANDA QUINN, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2020.
Counsel of BNY Mellon since June 2019; Regulatory Administration Manager at BNY Mellon Investment Management Services from September 2018 to May 2019; Senior Regulatory Specialist at BNY Mellon Investment Management Services from April 2015 to August 2018. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 35 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since June 2019.
NATALYA ZELENSKY, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2017.
Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon since December 2019; Counsel of BNY Mellon from May 2016 to December 2019; Attorney at Wildermuth Endowment Strategy Fund/Wildermuth Advisory, LLC from November 2015 to May 2016 and Assistant General Counsel at RCS Advisory Services from July 2014 to November 2015. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 34 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since May 2016.
GAVIN C. REILLY, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Tax Manager-BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 51 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since April 1991.
ROBERT S. ROBOL, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Senior Accounting Manager-BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 56 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since October 1988.
ROBERT SALVIOLO, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Senior Accounting Manager–BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 53 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since June 1989.
ROBERT SVAGNA, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Senior Accounting Manager–BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 53 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since November 1990.
JOSEPH W. CONNOLLY, Chief Compliance Officer since January 2008.
Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser, the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and BNY Mellon Funds Trust (63 investment companies, comprised of 137 portfolios). He is 62 years old and has served in various capacities with the Adviser since 1980, including manager of the firm’s Fund Accounting Department from 1997 through October 2001.
CARIDAD M. CAROSELLA, Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer since January 2016.
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer of the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and BNY Mellon Funds Trust since January 2016; from May 2015 to December 2015, Interim Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer of the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and BNY Mellon Funds Trust and the Distributor; from January 2012 to May 2015, AML Surveillance Officer of the Distributor. She is an officer of 57 investment companies (comprised of 138 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 51 years old and has been an employee of the Distributor since 1997.
26
NOTES
27
NOTES
28
NOTES
29
Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Obligations Cash Advantage Fund
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Adviser
BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc.
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Custodian
The Bank of New York Mellon
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Transfer Agent &
Dividend Disbursing Agent
BNY Mellon Transfer, Inc.
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Distributor
BNY Mellon Securities Corporation
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Ticker Symbols: |
Institutional: DNSXX Hamilton: DHLXX Premier: DRRXX |
Telephone Call your representative or 1-800-373-9387
Mail BNY Mellon Family of Funds to: BNY Mellon Institutional Services, 144 Glenn Curtiss Boulevard, Uniondale, NY 11556-0144
E-mail Send your request to instserv@bnymellon.com
Internet Access Dreyfus Money Market Funds at www.dreyfus.com
The fund will disclose daily, on www.dreyfus.com, the fund’s complete schedule of holdings as of the end of the previous business day. The schedule of holdings will remain on the website for a period of five months. The fund files a monthly schedule of portfolio holdings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on Form N-MFP. The fund’s Forms N-MFP are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Information regarding how the fund voted proxies related to portfolio securities for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available at www.dreyfus.com and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-373-9387.
© 2020 BNY Mellon Securities Corporation
|
|
|
|
Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund
ANNUAL REPORT
April 30, 2020
Save time. Save paper. View your next shareholder report online as soon as it’s available. Log into www.bnymellonim.com/us and sign up for eCommunications. It’s simple and only takes a few minutes. |
The views expressed in this report reflect those of the portfolio manager(s) only through the end of the period covered and do not necessarily represent the views of BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. or any other person in the BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. organization. Any such views are subject to change at any time based upon market or other conditions and BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. disclaims any responsibility to update such views. These views may not be relied on as investment advice and, because investment decisions for a fund in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds are based on numerous factors, may not be relied on as an indication of trading intent on behalf of any fund in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds. |
Not FDIC-Insured • Not Bank-Guaranteed • May Lose Value |
Contents
THE FUND
With Those of Other Funds |
|
Public Accounting Firm |
|
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Back Cover
|
The Fund |
Dear Shareholder:
This annual report for Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund covers the 12-month period ended April 30, 2020. During the reporting period, the fund produced the following yields and effective yields:1
Yield |
Effective Yield |
|
Institutional Shares |
1.58% |
1.60% |
Hamilton Shares |
1.55% |
1.56% |
Premier Shares |
1.31% |
1.32% |
Yields of money market instruments declined during the reporting period in response to five reductions in short-term interest rates from the Federal Reserve Board (the “Fed”).
The Fed Cuts Rates amid Concerns about Economic Growth and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Early in 2019, Fed Chairman Jerome Powell made it clear the Fed would alter its plan to raise interest rates if the outlook for economic growth were to weaken, and as global growth became increasingly sluggish and threatened to affect the U.S. economy, the central bank implemented three rate reductions late in 2019. This brought the federal funds rate to a range of 1.50%–1.75%. The economic impact of COVID-19 prompted the Fed to make two additional emergency cuts in March 2020, reducing the federal funds target to 0.00%-0.25%.
Prior to the emergence of COVID-19, other major central banks had also moved to, or continued, dovish policies. In late 2019, the European Central Bank reduced short-term interest rates and reimplemented quantitative easing, while the Bank of Japan also remained accommodative, and China continued to add stimulus to its economy. As a result of all these measures, signs of improvement appeared, especially in the manufacturing sector in Europe. Geopolitical concerns also waned somewhat later in the year, as the election in the UK resolved the Brexit issue, and a “Phase One” trade deal eased an impasse between the U.S. and China.
Despite trade tensions with China throughout much of 2019, the U.S. economy experienced steady growth. Gross domestic product grew by 2.0% in the second quarter of 2019, 2.1% in the third quarter and 2.1% in the fourth quarter. For the full year 2019, growth came to 2.3%, according to initial estimates. This followed a growth rate of 2.9% for full-year 2018. But with the emergence of
COVID-19 and efforts to contain it, the U.S. economy contracted, and gross domestic product shrank by -4.8% in the first quarter of 2020.
The labor market remained healthy through most of the 12-month reporting period. The unemployment rate stayed between 3.5% and 3.7% until March 2020, when it rose to 4.4%. In April 2020, widespread layoffs due to COVID-19 produced a jump in the unemployment rate to 14.7%. Job growth remained robust until March 2020, when 870,000 jobs were lost. In April 2020, job losses continued, amounting to 20.5 million.
2
Despite steady economic growth, a strong labor market and rising wages through most of the reporting period, inflation remained subdued. The core Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, generally stayed near or below the Fed’s 2.0% target. As the economy experienced the effects of COVID-19, inflation declined, falling to 1.8% in the first quarter of 2020.
In March 2020, with the continued spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, combined with government shutdowns, the Fed implemented a number of programs to provide relief to the economy and to financial markets. The Fed continued to intervene in money markets, which it began to do last fall when short-term borrowing rates rose dramatically. The Fed had planned to reduce this activity, but with the impact of COVID-19, it has continued the program.
In addition to restarting the bond-buying program known as quantitative easing, the Fed also relaunched the Commercial Paper Funding Facility, which involves direct purchases of commercial paper, thus easing pressures on large corporations that rely on this market to fund operations. In April 2020, the Fed took additional actions to support the economy and markets, including an expansion of the Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility, which was designed to ease lending to small businesses.
Federal Reserve Provides Assistance
The COVID-19 virus and the subsequent economic shutdown led to a temporary freezing up of certain segments of the money markets. While rates on commercial paper rose and prime money market funds experienced outflows, Treasury and agency money market funds benefited from a flight to quality as demand for Treasury bills rose.
The Fed took a number of steps to stabilize markets. In addition to cutting the federal funds target rate to zero, the Fed implemented several programs designed to reliquify the markets, including the Money Market Liquidity Facility. As always, we have retained our longstanding focus on quality and liquidity.
1 Effective yield is based upon dividends declared daily and reinvested monthly. Yields fluctuate. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
Yields provided for the fund reflect the absorption of certain fund expenses by BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. pursuant to an undertaking in effect that may be extended, terminated, or modified at any time. Had these expenses not been absorbed, fund yields would have been lower and, in some cases, seven-day yields during the reporting period would have been negative absent the expense absorption. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
You could lose money by investing in a money market fund. Although the fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. An investment in the fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the fund at any time.
Recent market risks include pandemic risks related to COVID-19. The effects of COVID-19 have contributed to increased volatility in global markets and will likely affect certain countries, companies, industries and market sectors more dramatically than others. To the extent the fund may overweight its investments in certain countries, companies, industries or market sectors, such positions will increase the fund's exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those countries, companies, industries or sectors.
Sincerely,
Patricia A. Larkin
Chief Investment Officer
Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies
May 15, 2020
3
UNDERSTANDING YOUR FUND’S EXPENSES (Unaudited)
As a mutual fund investor, you pay ongoing expenses, such as management fees and other expenses. Using the information below, you can estimate how these expenses affect your investment and compare them with the expenses of other funds. You also may pay one-time transaction expenses, including sales charges (loads) and redemption fees, which are not shown in this section and would have resulted in higher total expenses. For more information, see your fund’s prospectus or talk to your financial adviser.
Review your fund’s expenses
The table below shows the expenses you would have paid on a $1,000 investment in Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund from November 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020. It also shows how much a $1,000 investment would be worth at the close of the period, assuming actual returns and expenses.
COMPARING YOUR FUND’S EXPENSES
WITH THOSE OF OTHER FUNDS (Unaudited)
Using the SEC’s method to compare expenses
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has established guidelines to help investors assess fund expenses. Per these guidelines, the table below shows your fund’s expenses based on a $1,000 investment, assuming a hypothetical 5% annualized return. You can use this information to compare the ongoing expenses (but not transaction expenses or total cost) of investing in the fund with those of other funds. All mutual fund shareholder reports will provide this information to help you make this comparison. Please note that you cannot use this information to estimate your actual ending account balance and expenses paid during the period.
4
STATEMENT OF INVESTMENTS
April 30, 2020
U.S. Treasury Bills - 84.4% |
Annualized
|
Principal
|
Value ($) |
|||
6/23/2020 |
0.12 |
15,000,000 |
a |
14,997,350 |
||
8/4/2020 |
0.11 |
50,000,000 |
a |
49,985,486 |
||
5/5/2020 |
0.58 |
23,000,000 |
a |
22,998,549 |
||
5/7/2020 |
0.03 |
27,000,000 |
a |
26,999,845 |
||
5/14/2020 |
0.01 |
14,000,000 |
a |
13,999,949 |
||
5/19/2020 |
0.15 |
60,000,000 |
a |
59,995,690 |
||
5/21/2020 |
0.05 |
100,000,000 |
a |
99,997,500 |
||
5/26/2020 |
0.04 |
196,000,000 |
a |
195,994,875 |
||
5/28/2020 |
0.89 |
64,000,000 |
a |
63,957,963 |
||
6/4/2020 |
1.07 |
25,000,000 |
a |
24,975,208 |
||
6/11/2020 |
0.11 |
5,000,000 |
a |
4,999,374 |
||
6/18/2020 |
0.25 |
25,000,000 |
a |
24,991,667 |
||
7/16/2020 |
0.00 |
71,000,000 |
a |
70,999,831 |
||
8/6/2020 |
0.00 |
10,000,000 |
a |
10,000,000 |
||
Total U.S. Treasury Bills (cost $684,893,287) |
684,893,287 |
|||||
U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes - 14.8% |
|
|
||||
5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.04% |
0.17 |
20,000,000 |
b |
19,997,243 |
||
5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.05% |
0.17 |
10,000,000 |
b |
10,000,198 |
||
5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.12% |
0.24 |
40,000,000 |
b |
40,020,053 |
||
5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.14% |
0.26 |
20,000,000 |
b |
20,019,975 |
||
5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.15% |
0.28 |
10,000,000 |
b |
10,000,000 |
||
5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.22% |
0.35 |
10,000,000 |
b |
10,000,615 |
||
5/5/2020, 3 Month U.S. T-BILL +.30% |
0.43 |
10,000,000 |
b |
10,006,671 |
||
Total U.S. Treasury Floating Rate Notes (cost $120,044,755) |
120,044,755 |
|||||
Total Investments (cost $804,938,042) |
99.2% |
804,938,042 |
||||
Cash and Receivables (Net) |
.8% |
6,204,940 |
||||
Net Assets |
100.0% |
811,142,982 |
a Security is a discount security. Income is recognized through the accretion of discount.
b Variable rate security—rate shown is the interest rate in effect at period end. Date shown represents the earlier of the next interest reset date or ultimate maturity date.
Portfolio Summary (Unaudited) † |
Value (%) |
U.S. Treasury Securities |
99.2 |
99.2 |
† Based on net assets.
See notes to financial statements.
5
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
April 30, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost |
|
Value |
|
Assets ($): |
|
|
|
|
||
Investments in securities—See Statement of Investments |
804,938,042 |
|
804,938,042 |
|
||
Cash |
|
|
|
|
3,119,254 |
|
Receivable for shares of Beneficial Interest subscribed |
|
3,200,000 |
|
|||
Interest receivable |
|
327 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
811,257,623 |
|
Liabilities ($): |
|
|
|
|
||
Due to BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. and affiliates—Note 2(c) |
|
103,964 |
|
|||
Payable for shares of Beneficial Interest redeemed |
|
7,567 |
|
|||
Trustees’ fees and expenses payable |
|
3,110 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
114,641 |
|
Net Assets ($) |
|
|
811,142,982 |
|
||
Composition of Net Assets ($): |
|
|
|
|
||
Paid-in capital |
|
|
|
|
811,259,719 |
|
Total distributable earnings (loss) |
|
|
|
|
(116,737) |
|
Net Assets ($) |
|
|
811,142,982 |
|
Net Asset Value Per Share |
Institutional Shares |
Hamilton Shares |
Premier Shares |
|
Net Assets ($) |
790,238,689 |
16,421,444 |
4,482,849 |
|
Shares Outstanding |
790,352,420 |
16,423,824 |
4,483,477 |
|
Net Asset Value Per Share ($) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to financial statements. |
|
|
|
|
6
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended April 30, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Income ($): |
|
|
|
|
||
Interest Income |
|
|
8,546,517 |
|
||
Expenses: |
|
|
|
|
||
Management fee—Note 2(a) |
|
|
792,306 |
|
||
Shareholder servicing costs—Note 2(b) |
|
|
151,113 |
|
||
Service Plan fees—Note 2(b) |
|
|
50,885 |
|
||
Trustees’ fees—Note 2(a,d) |
|
|
35,080 |
|
||
Administrative service fees—Note 2(b) |
|
|
23,974 |
|
||
Total Expenses |
|
|
1,053,358 |
|
||
Less—reduction in expenses due to undertaking—Note 2(a) |
|
|
(758) |
|
||
Less—Trustees’ fees reimbursed by
|
|
|
(35,080) |
|
||
Net Expenses |
|
|
1,017,520 |
|
||
Investment Income—Net |
|
|
7,528,997 |
|
||
Net Realized Gain (Loss) on Investments—Note 1(b) ($) |
56,514 |
|
||||
Net Increase in Net Assets Resulting from Operations |
|
7,585,511 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to financial statements. |
7
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
|
|
|
|
Year Ended April 30, |
|||||
|
|
|
|
2020 |
|
2019 |
|
||
Operations ($): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment income—net |
|
|
7,528,997 |
|
|
|
12,237,119 |
|
|
Net realized gain (loss) on investments |
|
56,514 |
|
|
|
(18,033) |
|
||
Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets
|
7,585,511 |
|
|
|
12,219,086 |
|
|||
Distributions ($): |
|
||||||||
Distributions to shareholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional Shares |
|
|
(6,124,185) |
|
|
|
(8,447,575) |
|
|
Hamilton Shares |
|
|
(30,280) |
|
|
|
(35,810) |
|
|
Premier Shares |
|
|
(1,374,532) |
|
|
|
(3,753,734) |
|
|
Total Distributions |
|
|
(7,528,997) |
|
|
|
(12,237,119) |
|
|
Beneficial Interest Transactions ($1.00 per share): |
|
||||||||
Net proceeds from shares sold: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional Shares |
|
|
1,473,505,795 |
|
|
|
2,345,576,894 |
|
|
Hamilton Shares |
|
|
46,336,226 |
|
|
|
30,059,120 |
|
|
Premier Shares |
|
|
285,009,112 |
|
|
|
1,053,440,716 |
|
|
Distributions reinvested: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional Shares |
|
|
1,204,741 |
|
|
|
925,442 |
|
|
Hamilton Shares |
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
Premier Shares |
|
|
927,483 |
|
|
|
3,001,354 |
|
|
Cost of shares redeemed: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Institutional Shares |
|
|
(1,098,904,406) |
|
|
|
(2,396,905,623) |
|
|
Hamilton Shares |
|
|
(31,888,610) |
|
|
|
(30,552,086) |
|
|
Premier Shares |
|
|
(471,527,237) |
|
|
|
(1,083,382,542) |
|
|
Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets
|
204,663,111 |
|
|
|
(77,836,716) |
|
|||
Total Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets |
204,719,625 |
|
|
|
(77,854,749) |
|
|||
Net Assets ($): |
|
||||||||
Beginning of Period |
|
|
606,423,357 |
|
|
|
684,278,106 |
|
|
End of Period |
|
|
811,142,982 |
|
|
|
606,423,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See notes to financial statements. |
8
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The following tables describe the performance for each share class for the fiscal periods indicated. All information reflects financial results for a single fund share. Total return shows how much your investment in the fund would have increased (or decreased) during each period, assuming you had reinvested all dividends and distributions. These figures have been derived from the fund’s financial statements.
Four Months |
|||||||
Ended |
Year Ended |
||||||
Year Ended April 30, |
April 30, |
December 31, |
|||||
Institutional Shares |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
2016a |
2015 |
|
Per Share Data ($): |
|||||||
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Investment Operations: |
|||||||
Investment income―net |
.016 |
.020 |
.010 |
.003 |
.000b |
.000b |
|
Distributions: |
|||||||
Dividends from
|
(.016) |
(.020) |
(.010) |
(.003) |
(.000)b |
(.000)b |
|
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Total Return (%) |
1.60 |
2.01 |
.99 |
.26 |
.04c |
.00d |
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data (%): |
|||||||
Ratio of total expenses
|
.17 |
.17 |
.16 |
.16 |
.16e |
.16 |
|
Ratio of net expenses
|
.16 |
.16 |
.16 |
.16 |
.16e |
.04 |
|
Ratio of net investment income |
|||||||
to average net assets |
1.48 |
1.99 |
.99 |
.28 |
.11e |
.00d |
|
Net Assets,
|
790,239 |
414,423 |
464,838 |
565,621 |
366,822 |
351,361 |
a The fund has changed its fiscal year end from December 31 to April 30.
b Amount represents less than $.001 per share.
c Not annualized.
d Amount represents less than .01%.
e Annualized.
See notes to financial statements.
9
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Four
|
|||||||
Ended |
Year Ended |
||||||
Year Ended April 30, |
April 30, |
December 31, |
|||||
Hamilton Shares |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
2016a |
2015 |
|
Per Share Data ($): |
|||||||
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Investment Operations: |
|||||||
Investment income―net |
.015 |
.019 |
.009 |
.002 |
.000b |
.000b |
|
Distributions: |
|||||||
Dividends from
|
(.015) |
(.019) |
(.009) |
(.002) |
(.000)b |
(.000)b |
|
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Total Return (%) |
1.56 |
1.97 |
.95 |
.22 |
.02c |
.00d |
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data (%): |
|||||||
Ratio of total expenses
|
.21 |
.21 |
.20 |
.20 |
.20e |
.20 |
|
Ratio of net expenses
|
.20 |
.20 |
.20 |
.20 |
.20e |
.04 |
|
Ratio of net investment income |
|||||||
to average net assets |
.91 |
1.95 |
.83 |
.30 |
.08e |
.00d |
|
Net Assets,
|
16,421 |
1,976 |
2,469 |
142,974 |
143,388 |
4,395 |
a The fund has changed its fiscal year end from December 31 to April 30.
b Amount represents less than $.001 per share.
c Not annualized.
d Amount represents less than .01%.
e Annualized.
See notes to financial statements.
10
Four
|
||||||||||
Ended |
Year Ended |
|||||||||
Year Ended April 30, |
April 30, |
December 31, |
||||||||
Premier Shares |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
2016a |
2015 |
||||
Per Share Data ($): |
||||||||||
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||
Investment Operations: |
||||||||||
Investment income―net |
.013 |
.017 |
.007 |
.001 |
.000b |
.000b |
||||
Distributions: |
||||||||||
Dividends from
|
(.013) |
(.017) |
(.007) |
(.001) |
(.000)b |
(.000)b |
||||
Net asset value,
|
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||
Total Return (%) |
1.32 |
1.71 |
.70 |
.05 |
.00c,d |
.00d |
||||
Ratios/Supplemental Data (%): |
||||||||||
Ratio of total expenses
|
.46 |
.46 |
.45 |
.45 |
.45e |
.45 |
||||
Ratio of net expenses
|
.45 |
.45 |
.45 |
.36 |
.25e |
.04 |
||||
Ratio of net investment Income |
||||||||||
to average net assets |
1.77 |
1.69 |
.67 |
.05 |
.01e |
.00d |
||||
Net Assets,
|
4,483 |
190,024 |
216,971 |
321,444 |
468,342 |
401,092 |
a The fund has changed its fiscal year end from December 31 to April 30.
b Amount represents less than $.001 per share.
c Not annualized.
d Amount represents less than .01%.
e Annualized.
See notes to financial statements.
11
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1—Significant Accounting Policies:
Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund (the “fund”) is a separate diversified series of Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds (the “Company”), which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”), as an open-end management investment company and operates as a series company currently offering three series, including the fund. The fund’s investment objective is to seek as high a level of current income as is consistent with the preservation of capital and the maintenance of liquidity. The fund is managed by Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies, a division of BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. (the “Adviser”), the fund’s investment adviser and a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation (“BNY Mellon”).
Effective June 3, 2019, The Dreyfus Corporation, the fund’s investment adviser, changed its name to “BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc.”, MBSC Securities Corporation, the fund’s distributor, changed its name to “BNY Mellon Securities Corporation” and Dreyfus Transfer, Inc., the fund’s transfer agent, changed its name to “BNY Mellon Transfer, Inc.”
BNY Mellon Securities Corporation (the “Distributor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, is the distributor of the fund’s shares, which are sold to the public without a sales charge. The fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of $.001 par value shares of Beneficial Interest in each of the following classes of shares: Institutional shares, Hamilton shares and Premier shares. Effective May 31, 2019, each share class of the fund, except Institutional shares, became subject to a Shareholder Services Plan, and the Premier shares of the fund became subject to an Administrative Services Plan (the “Plans”). The Plans replaced the Service Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act which had been in place for each share class of the fund, except Institutional Shares, prior to May 31, 2019. The aggregate fees paid by each fund pursuant to the Plans will continue to be the same as the fees that were payable under the prior Service Plan. Other differences between the classes include the services offered to and the expenses borne by each class, and certain voting rights. Income, expenses (other than expenses attributable to a specific class), and realized and unrealized gains or losses on investments are allocated to each class of shares based on its relative net assets.
The fund operates as a “government money market fund” as that term is defined in Rule 2a-7 under the Act. It is the fund’s policy to maintain a constant net asset value (“NAV”) per share of $1.00 and the fund has adopted certain investment, portfolio valuation and dividend and
12
distribution policies to enable it to do so. There is no assurance, however, that the fund will be able to maintain a constant NAV per share of $1.00.
The Company accounts separately for the assets, liabilities and operations of each series. Expenses directly attributable to each series are charged to that series’ operations; expenses which are applicable to all series are allocated among them on a pro rata basis.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) is the exclusive reference of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under authority of federal laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The fund is an investment company and applies the accounting and reporting guidance of the FASB ASC Topic 946 Financial Services-Investment Companies. The fund’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP, which may require the use of management estimates and assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown. The fund does not anticipate recognizing any loss related to these arrangements.
(a) Portfolio valuation: Investments in securities are valued at amortized cost in accordance with Rule 2a-7 under the Act. If amortized cost is determined not to approximate fair market value, the fair value of the portfolio securities will be determined by procedures established by and under the general oversight of the Company’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”).
The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price). GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).
Additionally, GAAP provides guidance on determining whether the volume and activity in a market has decreased significantly and whether such a decrease in activity results in transactions that are not orderly.
13
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
GAAP requires enhanced disclosures around valuation inputs and techniques used during annual and interim periods.
Various inputs are used in determining the value of the fund’s investments relating to fair value measurements. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:
Level 1—unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical investments.
Level 2—other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar investments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.).
Level 3—significant unobservable inputs (including the fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments).
The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities. For example, money market securities are valued using amortized cost, in accordance with rules under the Act. Generally, amortized cost approximates the current fair value of a security, but since the value is not obtained from a quoted price in an active market, such securities are reflected within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The following is a summary of the inputs used as of April 30, 2020 in valuing the fund’s investments:
Valuation Inputs |
Short-Term Investments ($)† |
Level 1 - Unadjusted Quoted Prices |
- |
Level 2 - Other Significant Observable Inputs |
804,938,042 |
Level 3 - Significant Unobservable Inputs |
- |
Total |
804,938,042 |
† See Statement of Investments for additional detailed categorizations, if any.
(b) Securities transactions and investment income: Securities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. Interest income, adjusted for accretion of discount and amortization of premium on investments, is earned from settlement date and is recognized on the accrual basis. Realized gains and losses from securities transactions are recorded on the identified cost basis.
(c) Risk: Certain events particular to the industries in which the fund’s investments conduct their operations, as well as general economic, political and public health conditions, may have a significant negative impact on the investee’s operations and profitability. In addition, turbulence in financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and/or fixed income
14
markets may negatively affect many issuers, which could adversely affect the fund. Global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, and conditions and events in one country, region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. These risks may be magnified if certain events or developments adversely interrupt the global supply chain; in these and other circumstances, such risks might affect companies world-wide. Recent examples include pandemic risks related to COVID-19 and aggressive measures taken world-wide in response by governments, including closing borders, restricting international and domestic travel, and the imposition of prolonged quarantines of large populations, and by businesses, including changes to operations and reducing staff. To the extent the fund may overweight its investments in certain countries, companies, industries or market sectors, such positions will increase the fund’s exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those countries, companies, industries or sectors.
(d) Dividends and distributions to shareholders: It is the policy of the fund to declare dividends daily from investment income-net. Such dividends are paid monthly. Dividends from net realized capital gains, if any, are normally declared and paid annually, but the fund may make distributions on a more frequent basis to comply with the distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). To the extent that net realized capital gains can be offset by capital loss carryovers, it is the policy of the fund not to distribute such gains.
(e) Federal income taxes: It is the policy of the fund to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company, if such qualification is in the best interests of its shareholders, by complying with the applicable provisions of the Code, and to make distributions of taxable income and net realized capital gain sufficient to relieve it from substantially all federal income and excise taxes.
As of and during the period ended April 30, 2020, the fund did not have any liabilities for any uncertain tax positions. The fund recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions as income tax expense in the Statement of Operations. During the period ended April 30, 2020, the fund did not incur any interest or penalties.
Each tax year in the four-year period ended April 30, 2020 remains subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and state taxing authorities.
15
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
At April 30, 2020, the components of accumulated earnings on a tax basis were substantially the same as for financial reporting purposes.
The fund is permitted to carry forward capital losses for an unlimited period. Furthermore, capital loss carryovers retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses.
The accumulated capital loss carryover is available for federal income tax purposes to be applied against future net realized capital gains, if any, realized subsequent to April 30, 2020. The fund has $113,853 of short-term capital losses and $2,884 of long-term capital losses which can be carried forward for an unlimited period.
The tax character of distributions paid to shareholders during the fiscal periods ended April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019 were as follows: ordinary income $7,528,997 and $12,237,119, respectively.
At April 30, 2020, the cost of investments for federal income tax purposes was substantially the same as the cost for financial reporting purposes (see the Statement of Investments).
(f) New Accounting Pronouncements: Effective June 1, 2019, the fund adopted Accounting Standards Update 2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization On Purchased Callable Debt Securities (“ASU 2017-08”). The update shortens the amortization period for the premium on certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date.
Also effective June 1, 2019, the fund adopted Accounting Standards Update 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The update provides guidance that modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The adoption of ASU 2017-08 and ASU 2018-13 had no impact on the operations of the fund for the period ended April 30, 2020.
NOTE 2—Management Fee and Other Transactions with Affiliates:
(a) Pursuant to a management agreement with the Adviser, the management fee is computed at the annual rate of .16% of the value of the fund’s average daily net assets and is payable monthly. Out of its fee, the Adviser pays all of the expenses of the fund except management fees, Rule 12b-1 Service Plan fees, Shareholder Services Plan fees, Administrative Services Plan fees, brokerage fees, taxes, fees and expenses of non-interested Trustees (including counsel fees) and extraordinary expenses. In addition, the Adviser is required to reduce its fee in an amount equal to the
16
fund’s allocable portion of fees and expenses of the non-interested Trustees (including counsel fees). During the period ended April 30, 2020, fees reimbursed by the Adviser amounted to $35,080.
The Adviser has also undertaken to waive receipt of the management fee and/or reimburse operating expenses in order to facilitate a daily yield at or above a certain level which may change from time to time. This undertaking is voluntary and not contractual, and may be terminated at any time. The reduction in expenses, pursuant to the undertaking, amounted to $758 during the period ended April 30, 2020.
(b) Under the fund’s Shareholder Services Plan, with respect to the fund’s applicable Hamilton shares and Premier shares, the fund pays the Distributor for advertising, marketing and for providing certain services relating to shareholders of the respective class of shares. Hamilton shares and Premier shares pay the Distributor at annual rates of .04% and .25%, respectively, of the value of the applicable share class’ average daily net assets. These services include answering shareholder inquiries regarding the fund and providing reports and other information and services related to the maintenance of shareholder accounts. Under the Shareholder Services Plan, the Distributor may make payments to Service Agents with respect to these services. The amount paid under the Shareholder Services Plan for Servicing is intended to be a “service fee” as defined under the Conduct Rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), and at no time will such amount exceed the maximum amount permitted to be paid under the FINRA Conduct Rules as a service fee. The fees payable under the Service Plan are payable without regard to actual expenses occurred. Additionally, with respect to the fund’s applicable Premier shares, the fund will pay the Distributor for the provision of certain types of recordkeeping and other related services pursuant to the Administrative Services Plan. Premier shares pay the Distributor at an annual rate of .04% of the value of the applicable Premier shares class’ average daily net assets. Neither the Shareholder Services Plan nor the Administrative Services Plan provides for payments related to the distribution of fund shares. Under the Plans, as to each class, the Distributor would be able to pay financial intermediaries from the fees it receives from the Plans for the provision of the respective services by the intermediaries to their clients who are beneficial owners of fund shares. During the period ended April 30, 2020, Hamilton shares and Premier shares were charged $1,274 and $149,839, respectively, pursuant to the Shareholder Services Plan and Premier shares were charged $23,974 pursuant to the Administrative Services Plan.
Prior to May 31, 2019, the fund was subject to a Service Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act (the “Service Plan”), with respect to
17
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
the fund’s applicable Hamilton shares and Premier shares, the fund had paid the Distributor for distributing such classes of shares, for servicing and/or maintaining shareholder accounts and for advertising and marketing. The Service Plan provides for payments to be made at annual rates of .04% and .29% of the value of such class’ average daily net assets of the Hamilton and Premier shares, respectively. The fees payable under the Service Plan are payable without regard to actual expenses incurred. During the period ended April 30, 2020, Hamilton shares and Premier shares were charged $49 and $50,836, respectively, pursuant to the Service Plan.
The fund has an arrangement with the custodian whereby the fund will receive interest income or be charged an overdraft fees when cash balances are maintained. For financial reporting purposes, the fund includes this interest income and overdraft fees, if any, as interest income in the Statements of Operations.
(c) The components of “Due to BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. and affiliates” in the Statement of Assets and Liabilities consist of: management fees of $105,636, Administrative Services Plan fees of $120 and Shareholder Services Plan fees of $1,216, which are offset against an expense reimbursement currently in effect in the amount of $3,008.
(d) Each Board member also serves as a Board member of other funds in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds complex. Annual retainer fees and attendance fees are allocated to each fund based on net assets.
18
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Trustees of Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund (the “Fund”) (one of the funds constituting Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds), including the statement of investments, as of April 30, 2020, and the related statement of operations for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, the financial highlights for each of the four years in the period then ended, for the period from January 1, 2016 to April 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund (one of the funds constituting Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds) at April 30, 2020, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended and its financial highlights for each of the four years in the period then ended, for the period from January 1, 2016 to April 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Fund is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of April 30, 2020, by correspondence with the custodian and others or by other appropriate auditing procedures where replies from others were not received. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We have served as the auditor of one or more investment companies in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds since at least 1957, but we are unable to determine the specific year.
New York, New York
June 25, 2020
19
IMPORTANT TAX INFORMATION (Unaudited)
For federal tax purposes the fund hereby reports 100% of ordinary income dividends paid during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 as qualifying “interest related dividends.” For state individual income tax purposes, the fund hereby reports 100% of the ordinary income dividends paid during its fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 as attributable to interest income from direct obligations of the United States. Such dividends are currently exempt from taxation for individual income tax purposes in most states, including New York, California, Connecticut and the District of Columbia.
20
BOARD MEMBERS INFORMATION (Unaudited)
INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS
Joseph S. DiMartino (76)
Chairman of the Board (2008)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Director or Trustee of funds in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and certain other entities (as described in the fund’s Statement of Additional Information) (1995-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· CBIZ, Inc., a public company providing professional business services, products and solutions, Director (1997-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 114
———————
Francine J. Bovich (68)
Board Member (2015)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Trustee, The Bradley Trusts, private trust funds (2011-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· Annaly Capital Management, Inc., a real estate investment trust, Director (2014-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 68
———————
J. Charles Cardona (64)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· President of the Adviser (2008-2016)
· Chief Executive Officer of Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies, a division of the Adviser (2009-2016)
· Chairman (2013-2016) and Executive Vice President (1997-2013) of the Distributor
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· BNY Mellon ETF Trust, Chairman and Director (2020-Present)
· BNY Mellon Liquidity Funds, Chairman and Director (2019-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 32
———————
Gordon J. Davis (78)
Board Member (2012)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Partner in the law firm of Venable LLP (2012-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 52
———————
21
BOARD MEMBERS INFORMATION (Unaudited) (continued)
INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS (continued)
Andrew J. Donohue (69)
Board Member (2019)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Of Counsel, Shearman & Sterling LLP (2017-2019)
· Chief of Staff to the Chair of the SEC (2015-2017)
· Managing Director and Investment Company General Counsel of Goldman Sachs (2012-2015)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· Oppenheimer Funds (58 funds), Director (2017-2019)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 54
———————
Isabel P. Dunst (73)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Senior Counsel, Hogan Lovells LLP (2018-2019); Of Counsel (2015-2018); Partner (1990-2015)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 32
———————
Nathan Leventhal (77)
Board Member (2009)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· President Emeritus of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts (2001-Present)
· President of the Palm Beach Opera (2016-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· Movado Group, Inc., a public company that designs, sources, markets and distributes watches Director (2003-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 46
———————
Robin A. Melvin (56)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Co-chairman, Mentor Illinois, a non-profit organization dedicated to increasing the quantity and quality of mentoring services in Illinois (2014-Present); Board member (2013-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 92
———————
22
Roslyn M. Watson (70)
Board Member (2014)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Principal, Watson Ventures, Inc., a real estate investment company (1993-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· American Express Bank, FSB, Director (1993-2018)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 54
———————
Benaree Pratt Wiley (73)
Board Member (2009)
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years:
· Principal, The Wiley Group, a firm specializing in strategy and business development (2005-Present)
Other Public Company Board Memberships During Past 5 Years:
· CBIZ, Inc., a public company providing professional business services, products and solutions, Director (2008-Present)
· Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts, Director (2004-Present)
No. of Portfolios for which Board Member Serves: 74
———————
Once elected all Board Members serve for an indefinite term, but achieve Emeritus status upon reaching age 80. The address of the Board Members and Officers is c/o BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286. Additional information about the Board Members is available in the fund’s Statement of Additional Information which can be obtained from the Adviser free of charge by calling this toll free number: 1-800-373-9387.
Clifford L. Alexander, Jr., Emeritus Board Member
Whitney I. Gerard, Emeritus Board Member
George L. Perry, Emeritus Board Member
23
OFFICERS OF THE FUND (Unaudited)
RENEE LAROCHE-MORRIS, President since May 2019.
President and a director of BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. since January 2018. She is an officer of 62 investment companies (comprised of 114 portfolios) managed by the Adviser. She is 48 years old and has been an employee of BNY Mellon since 2003.
JAMES WINDELS, Treasurer since January 2008.
Director-BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 61 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since April 1985.
BENNETT A. MACDOUGALL, Chief Legal Officer since October 2015.
Chief Legal Officer of the Adviser and Associate General Counsel and Managing Director of BNY Mellon since June 2015; Director and Associate General Counsel of Deutsche Bank–Asset & Wealth Management Division from June 2005 to June 2015, and as Chief Legal Officer of Deutsche Investment Management Americas Inc. from June 2012 to May 2015. He is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 48 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since June 2015.
DAVID DIPETRILLO, Vice President since May 2019.
Head of North America Product, BNY Mellon Investment Management since January 2018, Director of Product Strategy, BNY Mellon Investment Management from January 2016 to December 2017; Head of US Retail Product and Channel Marketing, BNY Mellon Investment Management from January 2014 to December 2015. He is an officer of 63 investment companies (comprised of 122 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 42 years old and has been an employee of BNY Mellon since 2005.
JAMES BITETTO, Vice President since January 2008 and Secretary since February 2018.
Senior Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon since December 2019; Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon from April 2014 to December 2019; Secretary of the Adviser, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 53 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since December 1996.
SONALEE CROSS, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2018.
Counsel of BNY Mellon since October 2016; Associate at Proskauer Rose LLP from April 2016 to September 2016; Attorney at EnTrust Capital from August 2015 to February 2016; Associate at Sidley Austin LLP from September 2013 to August 2015. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 32 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since October 2016.
DEIRDRE CUNNANE, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2019.
Counsel of BNY Mellon since August 2018; Senior Regulatory Specialist at BNY Mellon Investment Management Services from February 2016 to August 2018; Trustee Associate at BNY Mellon Trust Company (Ireland) Limited from August 2013 to February 2016. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 29 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since August 2018.
SARAH S. KELLEHER, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since April 2014.
Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon since December 2017, Senior Counsel of BNY Mellon from March 2013 to December 2017. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 44 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since March 2013.
JEFF PRUSNOFSKY, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since January 2008.
Senior Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 54 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since October 1990.
PETER M. SULLIVAN, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2019.
Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 52 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since April 2004.
24
AMANDA QUINN, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2020.
Counsel of BNY Mellon since June 2019; Regulatory Administration Manager at BNY Mellon Investment Management Services from September 2018 to May 2019; Senior Regulatory Specialist at BNY Mellon Investment Management Services from April 2015 to August 2018. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 35 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since June 2019.
NATALYA ZELENSKY, Vice President and Assistant Secretary since March 2017.
Managing Counsel of BNY Mellon since December 2019; Counsel of BNY Mellon from May 2016 to December 2019; Attorney at Wildermuth Endowment Strategy Fund/Wildermuth Advisory, LLC from November 2015 to May 2016 and Assistant General Counsel at RCS Advisory Services from July 2014 to November 2015. She is an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 34 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since May 2016.
GAVIN C. REILLY, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Tax Manager-BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 51 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since April 1991.
ROBERT S. ROBOL, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Senior Accounting Manager-BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 56 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since October 1988.
ROBERT SALVIOLO, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Senior Accounting Manager–BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 53 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since June 1989.
ROBERT SVAGNA, Assistant Treasurer since January 2008.
Senior Accounting Manager–BNY Mellon Fund Administration, and an officer of 64 investment companies (comprised of 145 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. He is 53 years old and has been an employee of the Adviser since November 1990.
JOSEPH W. CONNOLLY, Chief Compliance Officer since January 2008.
Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser, the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and BNY Mellon Funds Trust (63 investment companies, comprised of 137 portfolios). He is 62 years old and has served in various capacities with the Adviser since 1980, including manager of the firm’s Fund Accounting Department from 1997 through October 2001.
CARIDAD M. CAROSELLA, Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer since January 2016.
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer of the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and BNY Mellon Funds Trust since January 2016; from May 2015 to December 2015, Interim Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer of the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and BNY Mellon Funds Trust and the Distributor; from January 2012 to May 2015, AML Surveillance Officer of the Distributor. She is an officer of 57 investment companies (comprised of 138 portfolios) managed by the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. She is 51 years old and has been an employee of the Distributor since 1997.
25
Dreyfus Institutional Treasury Securities Cash Advantage Fund
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Adviser
BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc.
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Custodian
The Bank of New York Mellon
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Transfer Agent &
Dividend Disbursing Agent
BNY Mellon Transfer, Inc.
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
Distributor
BNY Mellon Securities Corporation
240 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10286
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Institutional: DUPXX Hamilton: DHMXX Premier: DMEXX |
Telephone Call your representative or 1-800-373-9387
Mail BNY Mellon Family of Funds to: BNY Mellon Institutional Services, 144 Glenn Curtiss Boulevard, Uniondale, NY 11556-0144
E-mail Send your request to instserv@bnymellon.com
Internet Access Dreyfus Money Market Funds at www.dreyfus.com
The fund will disclose daily, on www.dreyfus.com, the fund’s complete schedule of holdings as of the end of the previous business day. The schedule of holdings will remain on the website for a period of five months. The fund files a monthly schedule of portfolio holdings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on Form N-MFP. The fund’s Forms N-MFP are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Information regarding how the fund voted proxies related to portfolio securities for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available at www.dreyfus.com and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-373-9387.
© 2020 BNY Mellon Securities Corporation
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Item 2. Code of Ethics.
The Registrant has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the Registrant's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. There have been no amendments to, or waivers in connection with, the Code of Ethics during the period covered by this Report.
Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert.
The Registrant's Board has determined that Joseph S. DiMartino, a member of the Audit Committee of the Board, is an audit committee financial expert as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Mr. DiMartno is "independent" as defined by the SEC for purposes of audit committee financial expert determinations.
Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
(a) Audit Fees. The aggregate fees billed for each of the last two fiscal years (the "Reporting Periods") for professional services rendered by the Registrant's principal accountant (the "Auditor") for the audit of the Registrant's annual financial statements or services that are normally provided by the Auditor in connection with the statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the Reporting Periods, were $71,676 in 2019 and $73,706 in 2020.
(b) Audit-Related Fees. The aggregate fees billed in the Reporting Periods for assurance and related services by the Auditor that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit of the Registrant's financial statements and are not reported under paragraph (a) of this Item 4 were $13,614 in 2019 and $14,155 in 2020. These services consisted of one or more of the following: (i) agreed upon procedures related to compliance with Internal Revenue Code section 817(h), (ii) security counts required by Rule 17f-2 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (iii) advisory services as to the accounting or disclosure treatment of Registrant transactions or events and (iv) advisory services to the accounting or disclosure treatment of the actual or potential impact to the Registrant of final or proposed rules, standards or interpretations by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Financial Accounting Standards Boards or other regulatory or standard-setting bodies.
The aggregate fees billed in the Reporting Periods for non-audit assurance and related services by the Auditor to the Registrant's investment adviser (not including any sub-investment adviser whose role is primarily portfolio management and is subcontracted with or overseen by another investment adviser), and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the investment adviser that provides ongoing services to the Registrant ("Service Affiliates"), that were reasonably related to the performance of the annual audit of the Service Affiliate, which required pre-approval by the Audit Committee were $0 in 2019 and $0 in 2020.
(c) Tax Fees. The aggregate fees billed in the Reporting Periods for professional services rendered by the Auditor for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning ("Tax Services") were $6,957 in 2019 and $6,354 in 2020. These services consisted of: (i) review or preparation of U.S. federal, state, local and excise tax returns; (ii) U.S. federal, state and local tax planning, advice and assistance regarding statutory, regulatory or administrative developments; (iii) tax advice regarding tax qualification matters and/or treatment of various financial instruments held or proposed to be acquired or held, and (iv) determination of Passive Foreign Investment Companies. The aggregate fees billed in the Reporting Periods for Tax Services by the Auditor to Service Affiliates, which required pre-approval by the Audit Committee were $0 in 2019 and $0 in 2020.
(d) All Other Fees. The aggregate fees billed in the Reporting Periods for products and services provided by the Auditor, other than the services reported in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this Item, were $27 in 2019 and $28 in 2020. These services consisted of a review of the Registrant's anti-money laundering program.
The aggregate fees billed in the Reporting Periods for Non-Audit Services by the Auditor to Service Affiliates, other than the services reported in paragraphs (b) through (c) of this Item, which required pre-approval by the Audit Committee, were $0 in 2019 and $0 in 2020.
(e)(1) Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures. The Registrant's Audit Committee has established policies and procedures (the "Policy") for pre-approval (within specified fee limits) of the Auditor's engagements for non-audit services to the Registrant and Service Affiliates without specific case-by-case consideration. The pre-approved services in the Policy can include pre-approved audit services, pre-approved audit-related services, pre-approved tax services and pre-approved all other services. Pre-approval considerations include whether the proposed services are compatible with maintaining the Auditor's independence. Pre-approvals pursuant to the Policy are considered annually.
(e)(2) Note. None of the services described in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this Item 4 were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.
(f) None of the hours expended on the principal accountant's engagement to audit the registrant's financial statements for the most recent fiscal year were attributed to work performed by persons other than the principal accountant's full-time, permanent employees.
Non-Audit Fees. The aggregate non-audit fees billed by the Auditor for services rendered to the Registrant, and rendered to Service Affiliates, for the Reporting Periods were $682,514 in 2019 and $807,171 in 2020.
Auditor Independence. The Registrant's Audit Committee has considered whether the provision of non-audit services that were rendered to Service Affiliates, which were not pre-approved (not requiring pre-approval), is compatible with maintaining the Auditor's independence.
Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants.
Not applicable.
Item 6. Investments.
(a) Not applicable.
Item 7. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures for Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
Not applicable.
Item 8. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
Not applicable.
Item 9. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management Investment Companies and Affiliated Purchasers.
Not applicable.
Item 10. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
There have been no material changes to the procedures applicable to Item 10.
Item 11. Controls and Procedures.
(a) The Registrant's principal executive and principal financial officers have concluded, based on their evaluation of the Registrant's disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this report, that the Registrant's disclosure controls and procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Registrant on Form N-CSR is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the required time periods and that information required to be disclosed by the Registrant in the reports that it files or submits on Form N-CSR is accumulated and communicated to the Registrant's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) There were no changes to the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the second fiscal quarter of the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Item 12. Disclosure of Securities Lending Activities for Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
Not applicable.
Item 13. Exhibits.
(a)(1) Code of ethics referred to in Item 2.
(a)(3) Not applicable.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds
By: /s/ Renee LaRoche-Morris
Renee LaRoche-Morris
President (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: June 25, 2020
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
By: /s/ Renee LaRoche-Morris
Renee LaRoche-Morris
President (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: June 25, 2020
By: /s/ James Windels
James Windels
Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)
Date: June 25, 2020
EXHIBIT INDEX
(a)(1) Code of ethics referred to in Item 2.
(a)(2) Certifications of principal executive and principal financial officers as required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940. (EX-99.CERT)
(b) Certification of principal executive and principal financial officers as required by Rule 30a-2(b) under the Investment Company Act of 1940. (EX-99.906CERT)
THE BNY MELLON FAMILY OF FUNDS
BNY MELLON FUNDS TRUST
Principal Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officer
Code of Ethics
This code of ethics (the "Code"), adopted by the funds in the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and BNY Mellon Funds Trust (each, a "Fund"), applies to each Fund's Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer or Controller, or other persons performing similar functions, each of whom is listed on Exhibit A (the "Covered Officers"), for the purpose of promoting:
· honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;
· full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that the Fund files with, or submits to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and in other public communications made by the Fund;
· compliance with applicable laws and governmental rules and regulations;
· the prompt internal reporting of violations of the Code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code; and
· accountability for adherence to the Code.
Each Covered Officer should adhere to a high standard of business ethics and should be sensitive to situations that may give rise to actual as well as apparent conflicts of interest.
Overview. A "conflict of interest" occurs when a Covered Officer's private interest interferes with the interests of, or his service to, the Fund. For example, a conflict of interest would arise if a Covered Officer, or a member of his family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his position with the Fund.
Certain conflicts of interest arise out of the relationships between Covered Officers and the Fund and already are subject to conflict of interest provisions in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act"), and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Advisers Act"). For example, Covered Officers may not individually engage in certain transactions (such as the purchase or sale of securities or other property) with the Fund because of their status as "affiliated persons" of the Fund. The compliance programs and procedures of the Fund and the Fund's investment adviser (the "Adviser") are designed to prevent, or identify and correct, violations of these provisions. The Code does not, and is not intended to, repeat or replace these programs and procedures, and the circumstances they cover fall outside of the parameters of the Code.
Although typically not presenting an opportunity for improper personal benefit, conflicts arise from, or as a result of, the contractual relationship between the Fund and the Adviser of which the Covered Officers are also officers or employees. As a result, the Code recognizes that the Covered Officers, in the ordinary course of their duties (whether formally for the Fund or for the Adviser, or for both), will be involved in establishing policies and implementing decisions that will have different effects on the Adviser and the Fund. The participation of the Covered Officers in such activities is inherent in the contractual relationship between the Fund and the Adviser and is consistent with the performance by the Covered Officers of their duties as officers of the Fund and, if addressed in conformity with the provisions of the Investment Company Act and the Investment Advisers Act, will be deemed to have been handled ethically. In addition, it is recognized by the Fund's Board that the Covered Officers also may be officers or employees of one or more other investment companies covered by this or other codes of ethics.
Other conflicts of interest are covered by the Code, even if such conflicts of interest are not subject to provisions in the Investment Company Act and the Investment Advisers Act. Covered Officers should keep in mind that the Code cannot enumerate every possible scenario. The overarching principle of the Code is that the personal interest of a Covered Officer should not be placed improperly before the interest of the Fund.
Each Covered Officer must:
· not use his personal influence or personal relationships improperly to influence investment decisions or financial reporting by the Fund whereby the Covered Officer would benefit personally to the detriment of the Fund;
· not cause the Fund to take action, or fail to take action, for the individual personal benefit of the Covered Officer rather than the benefit of the Fund; and
· not retaliate against any employee or Covered Officer for reports of potential violations that are made in good faith.
· Each Covered Officer should familiarize himself with the disclosure requirements generally applicable to the Fund within his area of responsibility;
· each Covered Officer should not knowingly misrepresent, or cause others to misrepresent, facts about the Fund to others, whether within or outside the Fund, including to the Fund's Board members and auditors, and to governmental regulators and self-regulatory organizations;
· each Covered Officer should, to the extent appropriate within his area of responsibility, consult with other officers and employees of the Fund and the Adviser with the goal of promoting full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in the reports and documents the Fund files with, or submits to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Fund; and
· it is the responsibility of each Covered Officer to promote compliance with the standards and restrictions imposed by applicable laws, rules and regulations.
Each Covered Officer must:
· upon adoption of the Code (or thereafter, as applicable, upon becoming a Covered Officer), affirm in writing to the Board that he has received, read, and understands the Code;
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· annually thereafter affirm to the Board that he has complied with the requirements of the Code; and
· notify the Adviser's General Counsel (the "General Counsel") promptly if he knows of any violation of the Code. Failure to do so is itself a violation of the Code.
The General Counsel is responsible for applying the Code to specific situations in which questions are presented under it and has the authority to interpret the Code in any particular situation. However, waivers sought by any Covered Officer will be considered by the Fund's Board.
The Fund will follow these procedures in investigating and enforcing the Code:
· the General Counsel will take all appropriate action to investigate any potential violations reported to him;
· if, after such investigation, the General Counsel believes that no violation has occurred, the General Counsel is not required to take any further action;
· any matter that the General Counsel believes is a violation will be reported to the Board;
· if the Board concurs that a violation has occurred, it will consider appropriate action, which may include: review of, and appropriate modifications to, applicable policies and procedures; notification to appropriate personnel of the Adviser or its board; or dismissal of the Covered Officer;
· the Board will be responsible for granting waivers, as appropriate; and
· any waivers of or amendments to the Code, to the extent required, will be disclosed as provided by SEC rules.
The Code shall be the sole code of ethics adopted by the Fund for purposes of Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and forms applicable to registered investment companies thereunder. The Fund's, its principal underwriter's and the Adviser's codes of ethics under Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act and the Adviser's additional policies and procedures, including its Code of Conduct, are separate requirements applying to the Covered Officers and others, and are not part of the Code.
Except as to Exhibit A, the Code may not be amended except in written form, which is specifically approved or ratified by a majority vote of the Fund's Board, including a majority of independent Board members.
All reports and records prepared or maintained pursuant to the Code will be considered confidential and shall be maintained and protected accordingly. Except as otherwise required by law or the Code, such matters shall not be disclosed to anyone other than the appropriate Funds and their counsel, the appropriate Boards (or Committees) and their counsel and the Adviser.
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The Code is intended solely for the internal use by the Fund and does not constitute an admission, by or on behalf of the Fund, as to any fact, circumstance, or legal conclusion.
Dated as of: June 3, 2019
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[EX-99.CERT]—Exhibit (a)(2)
SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION
I, Renee LaRoche-Morris, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this report on Form N-CSR of Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
By: /s/ Renee LaRoche-Morris
Renee LaRoche-Morris
President (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: June 25, 2020
SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION
I, James Windels, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this report on Form N-CSR of Dreyfus Institutional Reserves Funds;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
By: /s/ James Windels
James Windels
Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)
Date: June 25, 2020
[EX-99.906CERT]
Exhibit (b)
SECTION 906 CERTIFICATIONS
In connection with this report on Form N-CSR for the Registrant as furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), the undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as applicable; and
(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant.
By: /s/ Renee LaRoche-Morris
Renee LaRoche-Morris
President (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: June 25, 2020
By: /s/ James Windels
James Windels
Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)
Date: June 25, 2020
This certificate is furnished pursuant to the requirements of Form N-CSR and shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.