As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 30, 2013
1933 Act File No. 333-188521 and 1940 Act File No. 811-22842
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Post-Effective Amendment No. 7
AND
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 10
FORUM FUNDS II
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600
Portland, Maine 04101
(207) 347-2000
Alison Fuller
Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP
1250 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500
Washington, DC 20036-2652
Copies to:
David Faherty
Atlantic Fund Services
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600
Portland, Maine 04101
It is proposed that this filing will become effective:
[X] immediately upon filing pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (b)(1)
[ ] on, pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (b)(1)
[ ] 60 days after filing pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(1)
[ ] on, pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(1)
[ ] 75 days after filing pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(2)
[ ] on _____________, pursuant to Rule 485, paragraph (a)(2)
[ ] this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
Title of series being registered: CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund
CVR DYNAMIC ALLOCATION FUND
Institutional Shares
(
CVRAX
)
Investor Shares
(
CVRVX
)
PROSPECTUS
December 30, 2013
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the disclosure in this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
| Summary Section | 1 | |||||||
| Investment Objective | 1 | |||||||
| Fees and Expenses | 1 | |||||||
| Principal Investment Strategies | 2 | |||||||
| Principal Investment Risks | 3 | |||||||
| Performance Information | 6 | |||||||
| Management | 6 | |||||||
| Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares | 6 | |||||||
| Tax Information | 6 | |||||||
| Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries | 6 | |||||||
| Details Regarding Principal Investment Strategies and Risks | 7 | |||||||
| Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Strategies | 7 | |||||||
| Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Risks | 8 | |||||||
| Management | 13 | |||||||
| The Adviser and Subadviser | 13 | |||||||
| Portfolio Managers | 13 | |||||||
| Manager of Managers Structure | 14 | |||||||
| Other Service Providers | 14 | |||||||
| Fund Expenses | 14 | |||||||
| Your Account | 15 | |||||||
| How to Contact the Fund | 15 | |||||||
| General Information | 15 | |||||||
| Choosing a Share Class | 17 | |||||||
| Buying Shares | 18 | |||||||
| Selling Shares | 21 | |||||||
| Retirement Accounts | 24 | |||||||
| Other Information | 25 | |||||||
| Financial Highlights | 27 | |||||||
The CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund (the "Fund") seeks to preserve and increase the purchasing power value of its shares over the long term.
This table describes the fees and expens es that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.
|
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||||||
| Management Fees | 1.10% | 1.10% | ||||||
| Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees | None | 0.25% | ||||||
| Other Expenses (1) | 0.90% | 1.37% | ||||||
| Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (2) | 0.16% | 0.16% | ||||||
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 2.16% | 2.88% | ||||||
| Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement (3) | (0.51)% | (0.98)% | ||||||
| Net Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 1.65% | 1.90% | ||||||
(1) "Other Expenses" are based on estimated amounts expected to be incurred for the current fiscal year.
(2) Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses ("AFFE") are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
(3) CVR Portfolio Funds LLC (the "Adviser") has contractually agreed to waive its fee and/or reimburse Fund expenses to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses (excluding all taxes, interest, portfolio transaction expenses, proxy expenses and extraordinary expenses) of Institutional Shares to 1.65% and Investor Shares to 1.90%, through March 31, 2015 ("Expense Cap"). The Adviser may be reimbursed by the Fund for fees waived and expenses reimbursed by the Adviser pursuant to the Expense Cap if such payment (1) is made within three years of the fee waiver or expense reimbursement, (2) is approved by the Board and (3) does not cause the Net Annual Fund Operating Expenses of a class to exceed the Expense Cap in place at the time the fees were waived. The Expense Cap may only be raised or eliminated with the consent of the Board of Trustees. Net Annual Fund Operating Expenses will increase if exclusions from the Expense Cap apply.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
| 1 Year | 3 Years | |||||||
| Institutional Shares | $168 | $627 | ||||||
| Investor Shares | $193 | $799 |
1
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund's performance. Portfolio turnover rate for the Fund's last fiscal year is not provided because the Fund has not commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus.
The Fund pursues its investment objective by allocating investment capital to three principal investment strategies. Allocations within each strategy are based on fundamental screens, quantitative research and a multi-asset class absolute return strategy. The Fund implements the strategies by investing globally in a broad range of instruments, including, but not limited to, equities (of small-, large- and mid-cap companies), ETFs and a sub-advised absolute return strategy. The Adviser believes that the Fund's three principal strategies are subject to different and in some cases contrary risks so that the value of the Fund's investments in the aggregate will be subject to less risk, over the long term, than the risk associated with any one of the investment strategies taken by itself. That said, the Fund may not always be invested in all three strategies, depending on, among other things, the size of the Fund and/or prevailing market conditions.
The strategies employed by the Fund are:
Focused U.S. Equity: The Focused U.S. Equity strategy primarily invests in a core equity strategy. The core equity strategy uses a custom fundamental screen to evaluate a universe of U.S. listed common stocks for inclusion in the strategy. The Adviser's security selection process begins with screening a universe of U.S. listed common stocks included in the S&P 500 Index, Russell 3000 Index, S&P 600 Smallcap Index, S&P 400 Midcap Index and ranking the securities based on a systematic methodology. From this universe, the Adviser uses a proprietary strategy to construct a portfolio of approximately 20-30 of the highest ranked common stocks. The Adviser believes the Fund's portfolio will be weighted in favor of companies that present stronger fundamental characteristics and may outperform a market capitalization-weighted portfolio from the same universe of securities.
The Adviser may sell a security when the Adviser's metrics indicate it to be overvalued relative to other securities in the universe or to be an otherwise unattractive investment.
Defensive Equity ETF: The Defensive Equity ETF strategy primarily invests in ETFs and /or equity securities, including common and preferred stocks, representing industries or industry groups that are chosen for exposure to investment drivers and themes including: consumer discretionary spending, media related services, government spending such as defense/infrastructure, energy consumption, banking, insurance and financials, healthcare and biotech, internet services and infrastructure, technology and software related services, and transportation. Through the tactical ETF strategy, the Fund may invest in a basket of securities to represent a proxy for a selected ETF if it is determined that investment in the ETF is not feasible or otherwise not in best interest of the Fund.
Absolute Return: The Absolute Return strategy primarily invests in independent strategies that focus on long/short global equity, global fixed-income and systematic global macro investments. Each of these independent strategies employs its own set of fundamental and/or technical factors, which are analyzed and implemented in order to seek a return stream that depends on both convergent (value driven) and divergent (price momentum driven) market behavior and that spans multiple asset classes, such as stocks, bonds, currencies and commodity-linked derivatives.
The Absolute Return strategy allocates a percentage of capital to the equity and relative value fixed-income strategies to gain its convergent exposure, and a percentage of its capital to the systematic global macro strategy to obtain its divergent exposure. The Absolute Return strategy uses a multi-determinant model to rebalance the independent strategies. The stock and bond exposure is generally managed using models that interpret macroeconomic, relative value, inflation, interest rate and price related data. The Absolute Return strategy may achieve its exposure to the instruments in which it invests by using derivatives rather than holding those assets directly. Such derivatives include currency future and forward contracts, commodity future and forward contracts, and equity index futures. The Fund may enter into either long or short positions in the future and forward contracts.
2
A portion of the Fund's assets may be held in cash or cash equivalent investments, including, but not limited to, short-term investment funds and/or U.S. Government securities.
Losing all or a portion of your investment is a risk of investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The following additional risks could affect the value of your investment:
Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund's ability to achieve its investment objective depends upon the Adviser's analysis of various factors and Adviser's ability to select the appropriate mix of asset classes based on its analysis of such factors, which may prove incorrect. The Fund may experience losses or poor relative performance if the Adviser allocates a significant portion of the Fund's assets to an asset class that does not perform as the Adviser anticipated, including relative to other asset classes. The Fund may underperform funds that allocate their assets differently than the Fund.
Commodities Risk. Exposure to the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The value of commodities and commodity-linked derivative investments (such as futures and forwards) may be affected by changes in overall market movements, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity.
Common and Preferred Stock Risk. Common stock generally is subordinate to preferred stock upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company. Preferred stocks are sensitive to movements in interest rates. The Fund's common and preferred stock holdings may decline in value because of changes in price of a particular holding or a broad stock market decline. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons which directly relate to the issuer of a security.
Counterparty Risk. The Fund may enter into financial instruments or transactions with a counterparty. A counterparty may become bankrupt or otherwise fail to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, jeopardizing the value of the Fund's investment.
Currency Risk. The Fund may invest in securities that trade in and/or receive revenues in foreign currencies or in derivatives that provide exposure to foreign currencies. These investments are subject to the risk that the foreign currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar or, in the case of hedging positions, that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency being hedged.
Derivatives Risk. Derivatives, such as options, futures and forward contracts, can be volatile, and a small investment in a derivative can have a large impact on the performance of the Fund as derivatives can result in losses in excess of the amount invested. Other risks of investments in derivatives include risks of default by the other party to the derivative transactions; risks that the transactions may result in losses that partially or completely offset gains in portfolio positions; and risks that the derivative transaction may not be liquid. The Fund's use of derivatives may also expose the Fund to greater or different risks, including the following:
Hedging Risk is the risk that derivative instruments used to hedge against an opposite position may offset losses, but they also may offset gains.
Segregation Risk is the risk associated with any requirements, which may be imposed on the Fund, to segregate assets or enter into offsetting positions in connection with investments in derivatives. Such segregation and offsetting positions will not limit the Fund's exposure to loss, and the Fund may incur investment risk with respect to the segregated assets and offsetting positions to the extent that, but for the applicable segregation requirement and/or the need for the offsetting positions, the Fund would sell the segregated assets and/or offsetting positions.
3
Volatility Risk is the risk that, because the Fund may use some derivatives that involve economic leverage, this economic leverage will increase the volatility of a derivative instrument, as they may increase or decrease in value more quickly than the reference asset.
Tax Risk is the risk that the use of certain derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of ordinary income or short-term capital gain, distributions from which are taxable to individual shareholders at ordinary income tax rates rather than at the more favorable tax rates for long-term capital gain. The Fund's use of derivatives may be limited by the requirements for taxation of the Fund as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). The tax treatment of derivatives may be affected by changes in legislation, regulations or other legal authority that could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains and distributions to shareholders.
Exchange Traded Funds Risk. An investment in an ETF involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the underlying securities. An ETF may not achieve its investment objective or execute its investment strategy effectively, which may adversely affect the Fund's performance. The Fund must pay its pro rata portion of an ETF's fees and expenses. Shares of an ETF may trade at a premium or discount to the net asset value of its portfolio securities.
Foreign Investments Risk. Foreign investments may be subject to the same risks as domestic investments and to additional risks which include international trade, currency, political, regulatory and diplomatic risks, which may affect their value. Also, foreign securities are subject to the risk that their market price may not reflect the issuer's condition because there is not sufficient publicly available information about the issuer. Investments in securities of foreign issuers may also be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes.
Forward and Futures Contract Risk. The primary risks associated with the use of forward and futures contracts are (i) the imperfect correlation between the price of the contract and the change in value of the underlying asset; (ii) possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a forward or futures contract and the resulting inability to close such a contract when desired; (iii) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (iv) the inability to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; (v) the possibility that the counterparty to a contract will default in the performance of its obligations; and (vi) if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell investments to meet daily variation margin requirements on a futures contract, and the Fund may have to sell investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
Hedging Risk. Gains or losses from positions in hedging instruments, such as options, may be much greater than the instrument's original cost. The counterparty may be unable to honor its financial obligation to the Fund. In addition, the Fund may be unable to close the transaction at the time and price the Adviser would like. This may result in a loss to the Fund.
High Turnover Risk. The Fund's strategy may result in high turnover rates, which may increase the Fund's brokerage commission costs and negatively impact the Fund's performance. Such portfolio turnover also may generate net short-term capital gains.
Holding Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. Holding cash or cash equivalents, even strategically, may lead to missed investment opportunities. This is particularly true when the market for other investments in which the Fund may invest in is rapidly rising.
Large Capitalization Company Risk. The Fund's investments in large capitalization companies may underperform other segments of the market because they may be less responsive to competitive challenges and opportunities and unable to attain high growth rates during periods of economic expansion.
Leverage Risk. Derivatives and other transactions that give rise to leverage may cause the Fund's performance to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged. Leveraging also may require that the Fund liquidate investments when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations. Leveraging may expose the Fund to losses in excess of the amounts invested or borrowed.
4
Management Risk. The Fund's ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the ability of the Adviser to correctly identify economic trends.
Market Risk. The value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate as a result of the movement of the overall stock market or of the value of the individual securities held by the Fund, and you could lose money.
Mid Capitalization Company Risk. The Fund's investments in mid capitalization companies may be less liquid and their securities' prices may fluctuate more than those of larger, more established companies. These factors could adversely affect the Fund's ability to sell such securities at a desirable time and price.
Model and Data Risk. Given the complexity of the investments and strategies of the Fund, the Adviser relies heavily on quantitative models supplied by third parties and information and data supplied by third parties ("Models and Data"). Models and Data are used to construct sets of transactions and investments, to provide risk management insights, and to assist in hedging the Fund's investments.
When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon expose the Fund to potential risks. Similarly, any hedging based on faulty Models and Data may prove to be unsuccessful. Some of the models used by the Adviser for the Fund are predictive in nature. The use of predictive models has inherent risks. Because predictive models are usually constructed based on historical data supplied by third parties, the success of relying on such models may depend heavily on the accuracy and reliability of the supplied historical data.
All models rely on correct market data inputs. If incorrect market data is entered into even a well-founded model, the resulting information will be incorrect. However, even if market data is input correctly, "model prices" will often differ substantially from market prices, especially for instruments with complex characteristics, such as derivative instruments.
New Fund Risk. The Fund is newly-formed. Accordingly, investors in the Fund bear the risk that the Fund's Adviser may not be successful in implementing the Fund's investment strategy, and may not employ a successful investment strategy, any of which could result in the Fund being liquidated at any time without shareholder approval and at a time that may not be favorable for all shareholders. Such a liquidation could have negative tax consequences for shareholders.
Short Position Risk. The Fund will incur a loss from a short position if the value of the reference instrument increases after the time the Fund entered into the short position. Short positions generally involve a form of leverage, which can exaggerate the Fund's losses, and also may involve credit and counterparty risk. A fund that enters into a short position may lose more money than the actual cost of the short position and its potential losses may be unlimited if the fund does not own the reference instrument and it is unable to close out of the short position. Any gain from a short position will be offset in whole or in part by the transaction costs associated with the short position.
Small Capitalization Company Risk. The Fund's investments in small capitalization companies may be less liquid and their securities' prices may fluctuate more than those of larger, more established companies. These factors could adversely affect the Fund's ability to sell such securities at a desirable time and price.
Tax Risk. In order for the Fund to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund must, in part, derive at least 90 percent of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income, which is described in more detail in the SAI. Income from commodities and certain commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the Fund may invest is not considered qualifying income. The Fund intends to restrict its income from direct investments in commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments that do not generate qualifying income to a maximum of 10 percent of its gross income.
The tax treatment of commodities or commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations or other legally binding authority. If, as a result of any such adverse actions, the income of the Fund from certain commodities or commodity-linked derivatives were to be treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund might fail to qualify as a RIC and would be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level.
5
Volatility Risk. The Fund may have investments that appreciate or decrease significantly in value over short periods of time. This may cause the Fund's net asset value per share to experience significant increases or declines in value over short periods of time.
Investment Adviser . CVR Portfolio Funds LLC is the Fund's investment adviser.
Subadviser. SSARIS Advisors, LLC is a Subadviser to the Fund and manages the Absolute Return strategy of the Fund.
Portfolio Managers . Peter Higgins, CAIA and William Monaghan, CAIA, both of CVR Portfolio Funds LLC, have been co-portfolio managers of the Fund since its inception and are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.
You may purchase or sell (redeem) shares of the Fund on any day that the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for business. You may purchase or redeem shares directly from the Fund by calling (855) 328-7691 (toll free) or writing to the Fund at CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund, P.O. Box 588, Portland, Maine 04112. You also may purchase or redeem shares of the Fund through your financial intermediary. The Fund accepts investments in the following minimum amounts:
| Institutional Shares | Investor Shares | |||||||||||||
|
Minimum
Initial Investment |
Minimum
Additional Investment |
Minimum
Initial Investment |
Minimum
Additional Investment |
|||||||||||
| Standard Accounts | $100,000 | None | $2,500 | $100 | ||||||||||
| Retirement Accounts | $100,000 | None | $2,500 | $100 | ||||||||||
Shareholders may receive distributions from the Fund, which may be taxed to shareholders other than tax-exempt investors (such as tax-deferred retirement plans and accounts) as ordinary income or capital gains.
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
6
The Fund seeks to preserve and increase the purchasing power value of its shares over the long term. The Fund's investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without a vote of shareholders.
The investment policy of the portfolio reflects the opinion of the Adviser that financial markets will continue to exhibit marked fluctuations related to global central bank operations, interconnectivity of global markets, high-frequency trading and variability of global fund flows. The investment strategy of the Fund acknowledges a broad range of economic outcomes and is structured to outperform the Standard & Poor's 500 Index over a full market cycle.
The Fund pursues its investment objective by allocating investment capital to three principal investment strategies. Allocations within each strategy are based on fundamental screens, quantitative research and a multi-asset class absolute return strategy. The Fund implements the strategies by investing globally in a broad range of instruments, including, but not limited to, equities (of small-, large- and mid-cap companies), ETFs and a sub-advised absolute return strategy. The Fund may achieve its exposure to any of the Asset Classes by using derivatives rather than holding those assets directly. The Fund may also use derivatives for hedging purposes. The Adviser believes that the Fund's three principal strategies are subject to different, and in some cases, contrary risks so that the value of the Fund's investments in the aggregate will be subject to less risk over the long term than the risk associated with any one of the investment strategies taken by itself. That said, the Fund may not always be invested in all three strategies, depending on, among other things, the size of the Fund and/or prevailing market conditions.
The strategies employed by the Fund are:
Focused U.S. Equity: The Focused U.S. Equity strategy primarily invests in a core equity strategy. The core equity strategy uses a custom fundamental screen to evaluate a universe of U.S. listed common stocks for inclusion in the strategy. The Adviser's security selection process begins with screening a universe of U.S. listed securities included in the S&P 500 Index, Russell 3000 Index, S&P 600 Smallcap Index, S&P 400 Midcap Index and ranking the securities based on a systematic methodology. From this universe, the Adviser uses a proprietary strategy to construct a portfolio of approximately 20-30 of the highest ranked common stocks. The custom fundamental screen identifies securities with a history of high profitability, low price to earnings ratios and low price to free cash flow. Factors that are considered when measuring profitability and valuation are metrics such as return on assets, return on invested capital and earnings yield. The Adviser may use other fundamental metrics including dividends, sales, assets, cash flow and income. The Adviser retains full discretion to add, subtract or revise the factors utilized, weightings and processes applied to construct the portfolio as well as discretion to determine the market capitalization of securities for purchase by the Fund. By investing in a portfolio of approximately 20-30 securities weighted by the Adviser's assessment of fundamental value, as opposed to market capitalization, the Adviser believes the Fund's portfolio will be weighted in favor of companies that present stronger fundamental characteristics and may outperform a market capitalization-weighted portfolio from the same universe of securities.
The Adviser may sell a security when the Adviser's metrics indicate it to be overvalued relative to other securities in the universe or to be an otherwise unattractive investment.
Defensive Equity ETF: The Defensive Equity ETF strategy primarily invests in ETFs and /or equity securities, including common and preferred stocks, representing industries or industry groups that are chosen for exposure to investment drivers and themes including: consumer discretionary spending, media related services, government spending such as defense/infrastructure, energy consumption, banking, insurance and financials, healthcare and biotech, internet services and infrastructure, technology and software related services and transportation. Through the tactical ETF strategy, the Fund may invest in a basket of securities to represent a proxy for a selected ETF if it is determined that investment in the ETF is not feasible or otherwise not in best interest of the Fund. Allocations are
7
based on a proprietary quantitative model that selects individual ETFs for inclusion in the portfolio based on factors such as price and volatility. The Fund has the flexibility to be invested in any combination of ETFs and/or securities representing a proxy for chosen ETFs along with a combination of cash or high-quality short-term securities.
Absolute Return: The Absolute Return strategy primarily invests in independent strategies that focus on equity, global fixed-income and systematic global macro investments. Each of these independent strategies employs its own set of fundamental and/or technical factors, which are analyzed and implemented in order to seek a return stream that depends on both convergent (value driven) and divergent (price momentum driven) market behavior and that spans multiple asset classes, such as stocks, bonds, currencies and commodity-linked derivatives.
The Absolute Return strategy allocates a percentage of capital to the equity and relative value fixed-income strategies to gain its convergent exposure, and a percentage of its capital to the systematic global macro strategy to obtain its divergent exposure. The Absolute Return strategy uses a multi-determinant model to rebalance the independent strategies. The stock and bond exposure is generally managed using models that interpret macroeconomic, relative value, inflation, interest rate and price related data. The Absolute Return strategy may achieve its exposure to the instruments in which it invests by using derivatives rather than holding those assets directly. Such derivatives include currency future and forward contracts, commodity future and forward contracts, and equity index futures. The Fund may enter into either long or short positions in the future and forward contracts.
Equity Strategies: The equity strategies take long and short positions in equity securities across world markets, including the United States, Europe, Japan, and Canada. These strategies employ quantitative models that use both fundamental and technical inputs when evaluating the attractiveness of equity securities.
Fixed-Income Strategies: The fixed-income strategies take long and short positions primarily across the yield curves of developed markets, including those of the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, and Australia. These strategies attempt to position the portfolio at an optimal duration exposure, given several fundamental and technical market factors.
Systematic Global Macro Strategies: The systematic global macro strategy is a collection of trend-following, momentum, breakout, and pattern-recognition strategies spanning multiple time horizons that utilize a technically driven approach to scale into positions (long, short, or neutral) across a basket of approximately fifty (50) to seventy-five (75) global futures markets. It is quantitative and systematic in nature, employing price series analysis to manage actively a portfolio of global futures, options, and forward markets. The strategy has been a source of non-correlated return to most traditional stock and bond markets and has exhibited negative correlation during periods in which traditional markets experience stress.
Temporary Defensive Position. In order to respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may assume a temporary defensive position that is inconsistent with its principal investment objective and/or strategies and may invest, without limitation, in cash or high quality cash equivalents (including money market instruments, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, banker's acceptances and time deposits). A defensive position, taken at the wrong time, may have an adverse impact on the Fund's performance. The Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective during the employment of a temporary defensive position.
The principal risks that may adversely affect the Fund's net asset value ("NAV") per share or total return have previously been summarized under the Fund's "Summary Section." These risks are discussed in more detail below.
The Fund is designed for long-term investors and is not a complete investment program. You may lose money by investing in the Fund.
Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund's ability to achieve its investment objective depends upon the Adviser's analysis of various factors and the Adviser's ability to select the appropriate mix of asset classes based on its analysis of such
8
factors, which may prove incorrect. The Fund may experience losses or poor relative performance if the Adviser allocates a significant portion of the Fund's assets to an asset class that does not perform as the Adviser anticipated, including relative to other asset classes. The Fund may underperform funds that allocate their assets differently than the Fund.
Commodities Risk. Exposure to the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The value of commodities and commodity-linked derivative investments (such as futures and forwards) may be affected by changes in overall market movements, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity.
Common and Preferred Stock Risk. Common and preferred stocks may decline in value because of changes in price of a particular holding or a broad stock market decline. These fluctuations could be a drastic movement or a sustained trend. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons which may relate directly to the issuer of a security, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer's goods or services or broader economic or market events, including changes in interest rates. Common stocks in general are subject to the risk of an issuer liquidating or declaring bankruptcy, in which case the claims of owners of the issuer's debt securities and preferred stock take precedence over the claims of common stockholders.
Counterparty Risk. The Fund may enter into financial instruments or transactions with a counterparty. A counterparty may become bankrupt or otherwise fail to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, jeopardizing the value of the Fund's investment. The Fund may experience significant delays in recovering an investment in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding, and recover only a limited amount or none of its investment in such circumstances.
Currency Risk. Because the Fund invests in securities that trade in, and receive revenues in, foreign currencies, or in derivatives that provide exposure to foreign currencies, the Fund will be subject to the risk that those currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar, or, in the case of hedging positions, that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency being hedged. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a number of reasons, including changes in interest rates, intervention (or the failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments, central banks or supranational entities such as the International Monetary Fund, or by the imposition of currency controls or other political developments in the U. S. or abroad. As a result, the Fund's investments in foreign currency-denominated securities may reduce the returns of the Fund.
Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, a reference asset, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Derivatives may result in investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest; in other words, a small investment in a derivative may have a large impact on the Fund's performance. The successful use of derivatives generally depends on the Adviser's ability to predict market movements.
The Fund may use derivatives as a substitute for taking a position in the reference asset or to gain exposure to certain asset classes. Under such circumstances, the derivatives may have economic characteristics similar to those of the reference asset, and the Fund's investments in the derivatives may be applied toward meeting a requirement to invest a certain percentage of its net assets in instruments with such characteristics. The Fund may use derivatives to hedge (or reduce) exposure to a portfolio asset or risk. The Fund may also use derivatives to manage cash.
Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this section, such as liquidity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, and general market risks. The Fund's use of derivatives may also expose the Fund to greater or different risks include the following:
Hedging Risk is the risk that derivative instruments used to hedge against an opposite position may offset losses, but they also may offset gains.
Segregation Risk is the risk associated with any requirements, which may be imposed on the Fund, to segregate assets or enter into offsetting positions in connection with investments in derivatives. Such segregation and
9
offsetting positions will not limit the Fund's exposure to loss, and the Fund may incur investment risk with respect to the segregated assets and offsetting positions to the extent that, but for the applicable segregation requirement and/or the need for the offsetting positions, the Fund would sell the segregated assets and/or offsetting positions.
Volatility Risk is the risk that, because the Fund may use some derivatives that involve economic leverage, this economic leverage will increase the volatility of a derivative instrument, as they may increase or decrease in value more quickly than the reference asset.
Tax Risk is the risk that the use of certain derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of ordinary income or short-term capital gain, distributions from which are taxable to individual shareholders at ordinary income tax rates rather than at the more favorable tax rates for long-term capital gain. The Fund's use of derivatives may be limited by the requirements for taxation of the Fund as a RIC. The tax treatment of derivatives may be affected by changes in legislation, regulations or other legal authority that could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains and distributions to shareholders.
Exchange Traded Funds Risk. An investment in an ETF involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the underlying securities. An ETF may not achieve its investment objective or execute its investment strategy effectively, which may adversely affect the Fund's performance. The Fund must pay its pro rata portion of an ETF's fees and expenses. Shares of an ETF may trade at a premium or discount to the net asset value of its portfolio securities.
Foreign Investments Risk. The value of foreign investments may be affected by the imposition of new or amended government regulations, changes in diplomatic relations between the U.S. and another country, political and economic instability, the imposition or tightening of exchange controls or other limitations on repatriation of foreign capital or nationalization, increased taxation or confiscation of investors' assets. Changes in the exchange rate between U.S. dollars and a foreign currency may reduce the value of an investment made in a security denominated in that foreign currency. Also, foreign securities are subject to the risk that an issuer's securities may not reflect the issuer's condition because there is not sufficient publicly available information about the issuer. This risk may be greater for investments in issuers in emerging or developing markets. Investments in securities of foreign issuers may also be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes.
Forward and Futures Contract Risk. The primary risks associated with the use of forward and futures contracts are (i) the imperfect correlation between the price of the contract and the change in value of the underlying asset; (ii) possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a forward or futures contract and the resulting inability to close such a contract when desired; (iii) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which are potentially unlimited; (iv) the inability to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; (v) the possibility that the counterparty to a contract will default in the performance of its obligations; and (vi) if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell investments to meet daily variation margin requirements on a futures contract, and the Fund may have to sell investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
Hedging Risk. Gains or losses from positions in hedging instruments, such as options, may be much greater than the instrument's original cost. The counterparty may be unable to honor its financial obligation to the Fund. In addition, the Fund may be unable to close the transaction at the time it would like. If the Fund uses a hedging instrument at the wrong time or judges the market conditions incorrectly, the hedge might be unsuccessful, reduce the Fund's return, result in a loss to the Fund.
High Turnover Risk. The Fund's investment strategy may result in high turnover rates. This may increase the Fund's brokerage commission costs. The performance of the Fund could be negatively impacted by the increased brokerage commission cost incurred by the Fund. Rapid portfolio turnover also exposes shareholders to a higher current realization of short-term capital gains, distributions of which would generally be taxed to you as ordinary income and thus cause you to pay higher taxes.
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Holding Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. The Adviser may hold cash positions when the Adviser believes that the applicable market is not producing returns greater than the short-term cash investments in which the Fund may invest. This is particularly true when the market for other investments in which the Fund may invest in is rapidly rising. If the Fund holds cash uninvested it will be subject to the credit risk of the depositary institution holding the cash.
Large Capitalization Company Risk. Investments in large capitalization companies may go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions and may underperform other market segments. Some large capitalization companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges and attain the high growth rate of successful smaller companies, especially during extended periods of economic expansion. As such, returns on investments in stocks of large capitalization companies could trail the returns on investments in stocks of small and mid capitalization companies.
Leverage Risk. Derivatives and other transactions that give rise to leverage may cause the Fund's performance to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged. Leveraging also may require that the Fund liquidate investments when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations. Leveraging may expose the Fund to losses in excess of the amounts invested or borrowed.
Management Risk. The skill of the Adviser will play a significant role in the Fund's ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund's ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the ability of the Adviser to correctly identify economic trends. In addition, the Fund's ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Adviser's ability to select stocks, particularly in volatile stock markets. The Adviser could be incorrect in its analysis of industries, companies and the relative attractiveness of growth and value stocks and other matters.
Market Risk. The Fund is designed for long-term investors who can accept the risks of investing in a portfolio with significant common stock holdings. Common stocks tend to be more volatile than other investment choices such as bonds and money market instruments. The value of the Fund's shares will go up and down as a result of the movement of the overall stock market or of the value of the individual securities held by the Fund, and you could lose money.
Mid Capitalization Company Risk. The Fund's investments in mid capitalization companies may be less liquid and their securities' prices may fluctuate more than those of larger, more established companies. These factors could adversely affect the Fund's ability to sell such securities at a desirable time and price.
Model and Data Risk. Given the complexity of the investments and strategies of the Fund, the Adviser relies heavily on quantitative models supplied by third parties and information and data supplied by third parties ("Models and Data"). Models and Data are used to construct sets of transactions and investments, to provide risk management insights, and to assist in hedging the Fund's investments.
When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon expose the Fund to potential risks. Similarly, any hedging based on faulty Models and Data may prove to be unsuccessful. Some of the models used by the Adviser for the Fund are predictive in nature. The use of predictive models has inherent risks. Because predictive models are usually constructed based on historical data supplied by third parties, the success of relying on such models may depend heavily on the accuracy and reliability of the supplied historical data.
All models rely on correct market data inputs. If incorrect market data is entered into even a well-founded model, the resulting information will be incorrect. However, even if market data is input correctly, "model prices" will often differ substantially from market prices, especially for instruments with complex characteristics, such as derivative instruments.
New Fund Risk. The Fund is newly-formed. Accordingly, investors in the Fund bear the risk that the Fund's Adviser may not be successful in implementing the Fund's investment strategy, and may not employ a successful investment strategy, any of which could result in the Fund being liquidated at any time without shareholder approval and at a time that may not be favorable for all shareholders. Such a liquidation could have negative tax consequences for shareholders.
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Short Position Risk. The Fund will incur a loss from a short position if the value of the reference instrument increases after the time the Fund entered into the short position. Short positions generally involve a form of leverage, which can exaggerate the Fund's losses, and also may involve credit and counterparty risk. A fund that enters into a short position may lose more money than the actual cost of the short position and its potential losses may be unlimited if the fund does not own the reference instrument and it is unable to close out of the short position. Any gain from a short position will be offset in whole or in part by the transaction costs associated with the short position.
Small Capitalization Company Risk. Investments in small capitalization companies may entail greater risks and their securities' prices may fluctuate more and have a higher degree of volatility than those of larger, more established companies. Securities of small capitalization companies may be traded in lower volume and be less liquid. At certain times, the general market may not favor the smaller, growth-oriented companies in which Fund invests and as a result Fund could underperform the general market. Smaller companies may have more limited product lines, markets and financial resources that make them more susceptible to economic and market setbacks. Additionally, information about these companies may not be readily available. The smaller the company, the greater effect these risks may have on the company's operations and performance which could have a significant impact on the price of the security. These factors could adversely affect Fund 's ability to sell such securities at a desirable time and price.
Tax Risk. In order for the Fund to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund must, in part, derive at least 90 percent of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income, which is described in more detail in the SAI. Income from commodities and certain commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the Fund may invest is not considered qualifying income. The Fund intends to restrict its income from direct investments in commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments that do not generate qualifying income to a maximum of 10 percent of its gross income.
The tax treatment of commodities or commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations or other legally binding authority. If, as a result of any such adverse actions, the income of the Fund from certain commodities or commodity-linked derivatives were to be treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund might fail to qualify as a RIC and would be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level.
Volatility Risk. The Fund may have investments that appreciate or decrease significantly in value over short periods of time. This may cause the Fund's net asset value per share to experience significant increases or declines in value over short periods of time.
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The CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund (the "Fund") is a series of Forum Funds II (the "Trust"), an open-end, management investment company (mutual fund). The Board of Trustees (the "Board") oversees the management of the Fund and meets periodically to review the Fund's performance, monitor investment activities and practices and discuss other matters affecting the Fund. Additional information regarding the Board and the Trust's executive officers may be found in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information (the "SAI"), which is available from the Adviser's website at cvrfunds.com.
The Fund's adviser is CVR Portfolio Funds LLC, 10 High Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02110. The Adviser is newly registered with the SEC as an investment adviser and does not manage any other mutual funds. The Adviser is newly created therefore there are no assets to report as of the date of this Prospectus.
The Adviser receives an advisory fee at an annual rate equal to 1.10% of the Fund's average annual daily net assets and pays any sub-advisory fees out of the fees it receives pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement. The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fee and/or reimburse Fund expenses to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses (excluding all taxes, interest, portfolio transaction expenses, proxy expenses and extraordinary expenses) of Institutional Shares to 1.65%, and Investor Shares to 1.90% through March 31, 2015 ("Expense Cap"). The Adviser may be reimbursed by the Fund for fees waived and expenses reimbursed by the Adviser pursuant to the Expense Cap if such payment (1) is made within three years of the fee waiver or expense reimbursement, (2) is approved by the Board and (3) does not cause the Net Annual Fund Operating Expense of a class to exceed the Expense Cap in place at the time the fees were waived. The Expense Cap may only be raised or eliminated with the consent of the Board. Net Annual Fund Operating Expenses will increase if exclusions from the Expense Cap apply.
A discussion summarizing the basis on which the Board approved the Fund Investment Advisory Agreement with the Adviser and the Fund Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Subadviser will be available in the Fund's semi-annual report for the period ending May 31, 2014. Subject to the general oversight of the Board, the Adviser is directly responsible for making the investment decisions for the Fund. The Adviser delegates the day-to-day management of the Absolute Return strategy of the Fund to SSARIS Advisors, LLC, the Adviser retains overall supervisory responsibility of the general management and investment of the Fund's assets.
SSARIS Advisors, LLC was founded in 2001 and provides investment advisory services for other pooled investment vehicles and institutions. Its address is Wilton Corporate Center, Courtside Building, Suite 2C, 187 Danbury Road, Wilton, CT 06897.
Peter Higgins and William Monaghan, both of CVR Portfolio Funds LLC, have been the co-portfolio managers of the Fund since its inception of 2014 and are jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.
Peter Higgins Prior to joining the Adviser in 2013, Mr. Higgins, from 2011 through 2013, had been a Managing Director at State Street as an institutional equity trader in State Street's Global Markets Group. Prior to State Street, he held the position of Partner and Head of Trading at Pulse Trading, a Boston-based institutional broker/dealer, from 2004 to 2011. Mr. Higgins holds the Charted Alternative Investment Analyst designation ("CAIA") and currently serves on the Executive Board of the Boston CAIA Chapter.
William Monaghan Prior to joining the Adviser in 2013, Mr. Monaghan, from 2010 through 2013, was a Partner and Senior Consultant for CTC Consulting, an investment consulting firm providing investment advice to high net worth families, multi-family offices, trust, endowments, foundations and pension plans. He was a voting member of CTC's Investment Committee. Prior to CTC Consulting, from 2008-2010, Mr. Monaghan was founder and Chief Investment Officer of Pinyon Peak Capital Management LLC, a diversified fund of hedge funds. Mr. Monaghan holds the Charted Alternative Investment Analyst designation and currently serves as the President of the Boston CAIA Chapter.
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The SAI provides additional information about the compensation of the portfolio managers, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the ownership of Fund shares by the portfolio managers.
The Fund's Board and its shareholders have approved a "manager of managers" structure that would permit the Adviser to appoint and replace subadvisers and enter into, amend and terminate sub-advisory agreements with other investment managers with respect to the Fund, subject to Board approval but without shareholder approval (the "Manager of Managers Structure").
The ability to implement the Manager of Managers Structure with respect to the Fund is contingent upon the receipt of an exemptive order from the SEC. The use of the Manager of Managers Structure with respect to the Fund may be subject to certain conditions set forth in the SEC exemptive order. The Fund currently has not applied for an SEC exemptive order and there can be no assurance that the SEC would grant the Fund's application for an exemptive order. Unless and until any such exemptive order is obtained, any appointment or replacement of subadvisers would require shareholder approval.
The Manager of Managers Structure would enable the Fund to operate with greater efficiency and without incurring the expense and delays associated with obtaining shareholder approval of such subadvisory agreements. Under the Manager of Managers Structure, the Adviser will have the ultimate responsibility, subject to the oversight of the Board, to recommend the hiring and replacement of subadvisers. The Manager of Managers Structure will provide the Adviser with the discretion to terminate any such subadviser and allocate and reallocate the Fund's assets for management among the subadvisers and itself. The Manager of Managers Structure would not permit investment management fees paid by the Fund to be increased without shareholder approval or change Adviser's responsibilities to the Fund including the Adviser's responsibility for all advisory services furnished by a subadviser.
Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC (d/b/a Atlantic Fund Services) ("Atlantic") provides fund accounting, fund administration, compliance and transfer agency services to the Fund and the Trust and supplies certain officers of the Trust, including a Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer, Chief Compliance Officer, Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer and additional compliance support personnel.
Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the "Distributor"), the Trust's principal underwriter, acts as the Trust's distributor in connection with the offering of Fund shares. The Distributor may enter into arrangements with banks, broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries through which investors may purchase or redeem shares. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Adviser or with Atlantic or their affiliates.
The Fund is charged for those expenses that are directly attributable to it, while other expenses are allocated proportionately among the Fund and other series of the Trust based upon methods approved by the Board. Expenses that are directly attributable to a specific class of shares, such as distribution fees and shareholder servicing fees, are charged directly to that class. The Adviser or other service providers may waive all or any portion of their fees and may reimburse certain expenses of the Fund. Any agreement to waive fees or to reimburse expenses increases the investment performance of the Fund and its applicable share classes for the period during which the waiver or reimbursement is in effect. Any fee waiver or expense reimbursement may be recouped by the service provider for up to three subsequent fiscal years as long as the recoupment does not cause the Net Annual Fund Operating Expenses of a class to exceed the percentage limit contractually agreed.
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Website Address:
cvrfunds.com
E-mail the Fund at:
cvrfunds.ta@atlanticfundservices.com
Write the Fund:
CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund
P.O. Box 588
Portland, Maine 04112
Overnight Address:
CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund
c/o Atlantic Fund Services
Three Canal Plaza, Ground Floor
Portland, Maine 04101
Telephone the Fund at:
(855) 328-7691 (toll free)
Wire investments (or ACH payments):
Please contact the transfer agent at (855) 328-7691 (toll free) to obtain the ABA routing number and account number for the Fund.
You may purchase or sell (redeem) shares of the Fund on any day that the NYSE is open for business. Notwithstanding this fact, the Fund may, only in the case of an emergency, calculate its NAV and accept and process shareholder orders when the NYSE is closed.
You may purchase or sell shares of the Fund at the next NAV calculated (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) after the transfer agent or your approved broker-dealer or other financial intermediary receives your request in good order. "Good order" means that you have provided sufficient information necessary to process your request as outlined in this Prospectus, including any required signatures, documents, payment and Medallion Signature Guarantees. All requests to purchase or sell Fund shares received in good order prior to the Fund's close will receive that day's NAV. Requests received in good order after the Fund's close or on a day when the Fund does not value its shares will be processed on the next business day and will be priced at the next NAV. The Fund cannot accept orders that request a particular day or price for the transaction or any other special conditions.
Shares of the Fund will only be issued against full payment, as described more fully in this Prospectus and SAI. The Fund does not issue share certificates.
If you purchase shares directly from the Fund, you will receive a confirmation of each transaction and quarterly statements detailing Fund balances and all transactions completed during the prior quarter. Automatic reinvestments of distributions and systematic investments and withdrawals may be confirmed only by quarterly statement. You should verify the accuracy of all transactions in your account as soon as you receive your confirmations and quarterly statements.
The Fund may temporarily suspend or discontinue any service or privilege, including systematic investments and withdrawals, wire redemption privileges and telephone or internet redemption privileges, if applicable. The Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase request including, but not limited to, requests that could adversely affect the Fund or its operations. If the Fund were to refuse any purchase request, it would notify the purchaser within two business days of receiving a purchase request in good order.
When and How NAV is Determined. Each Fund class calculates its NAV as of the close of trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on each weekday except days when the NYSE is closed. The NYSE is open every weekday, Monday through Friday, except on the following holidays: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day (the third Monday in January), Presidents' Day (the third Monday in February), Good Friday, Memorial Day (the last Monday in May), Independence Day, Labor Day (the first Monday in September), Thanksgiving Day (the fourth Thursday in November) and Christmas Day. NYSE holiday schedules are subject to change without notice. The NYSE may close early on the day before each of these holidays and the day after Thanksgiving Day. Since the Fund may invest in securities that trade on foreign securities markets on days other than a Fund business day, the value of the Fund's portfolio may change on days on which shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem Fund shares.
The NAV of each Fund class is determined by taking the market value of the total assets of the class, subtracting the liabilities of the class and then dividing the result (net assets) by the number of outstanding shares of the class.
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The Fund values securities for which market quotations are readily available, including certain open-end investment companies, at current market value, except for certain short-term securities which are valued at amortized cost. Securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued using the last reported sales price provided by independent pricing services as of the close of trading on the NYSE on each Fund business day. In the absence of sales, such securities are valued at the mean of the last bid and asked price. Non-exchange traded securities for which quotations are readily available are generally valued at the mean between the current bid and asked price. Investments in other open-end registered investment companies are valued at their NAV.
Market quotations may not be readily available or may be unreliable if, among other things, (1) the exchange on which a Fund portfolio security is principally traded closes early, (2) trading in a portfolio security was halted during the day and did not resume prior to the time that the Fund calculates its NAV, or (3) events occur after the close of the securities markets on which the Fund's portfolio securities primarily trade but before the time the Fund calculates its NAV.
If market prices are not readily available or the Fund reasonably believes that they are unreliable, such as in the case of a security value that has been materially affected by events occurring after the relevant market closes, the Fund is required to value such securities at fair value as determined in good faith using procedures approved by the Board. The Board has delegated day-to-day responsibility for fair valuation determinations in accordance with the procedures to a Valuation Committee composed of management members who are appointed to the Committee by the Board. The Committee makes such determinations under the supervision of the Board. Fair valuation may be based on subjective factors. As a result, the fair value price of a security may differ from that security's market price and may not be the price at which the security may be sold. Fair valuation could result in a different NAV than a NAV determined by using market quotes.
The Fund's investments in foreign securities are more likely to require a fair value determination than domestic securities because circumstances may arise between the close of the market on which the securities trade and the time that the Fund values its portfolio securities. In determining fair value prices of foreign securities, the Fund may consider the performance of securities on their primary exchanges, foreign currency appreciation or depreciation, securities market movements in the U.S. or other relevant information as related to the securities.
Transactions Through Financial Intermediaries. The Fund has authorized certain financial services companies, broker-dealers, banks and other agents, including the designees of such entities (collectively, "financial intermediaries") to accept purchase and redemption orders on the Fund's behalf. If you invest through a financial intermediary, the policies and fees of the financial intermediary may be different than the policies and fees if you had invested directly in the Fund. Among other things, financial intermediaries may charge transaction fees and may set different minimum investment restrictions or limitations on buying or selling Fund shares. You should consult your broker or another representative of your financial intermediary for more information.
All orders to purchase or sell shares are processed as of the next NAV calculated after the order has been received in good order by a financial intermediary. Orders are accepted until the close of trading on the NYSE every business day (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) and are processed, including by financial intermediaries, at that day's NAV.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. The Fund and its affiliates (at their own expense) may pay compensation to financial intermediaries for shareholder-related services and, if applicable, distribution-related services, including administrative, recordkeeping and shareholder communication services. For example, compensation may be paid to make Fund shares available to sales representatives and/or customers of a fund supermarket platform or a similar program sponsor or for services provided in connection with such fund supermarket platforms and programs.
The amount of compensation paid to different financial intermediaries may vary. The compensation paid to a financial intermediary may be based on a variety of factors, including average assets under management in accounts distributed and/or serviced by the financial intermediary, gross sales by the financial intermediary and/or the number of accounts serviced by the financial intermediary that invest in the Fund. To the extent that the Fund pays all or a portion of such compensation, the payment is designed to compensate the financial intermediary for providing services that would otherwise be provided by the Fund's transfer agent and/or administrator.
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The Adviser or another Fund affiliate, out of its own resources, may provide additional compensation to financial intermediaries. Such compensation is sometimes referred to as "revenue sharing." Compensation received by a financial intermediary from the Adviser or another Fund affiliate may include payments for shareholder servicing, marketing and/or training expenses incurred by the financial intermediary, including expenses incurred by the financial intermediary in educating its salespersons with respect to Fund shares. For example, such compensation may include reimbursements for expenses incurred in attending educational seminars regarding the Fund, including travel and lodging expenses. It may also cover costs incurred by financial intermediaries in connection with their efforts to sell Fund shares, including costs incurred in compensating registered sales representatives and preparing, printing and distributing sales literature.
Any compensation received by a financial intermediary, whether from the Fund or its affiliate(s), and the prospect of receiving such compensation may provide the financial intermediary with an incentive to recommend the shares of the Fund, or a certain class of shares of the Fund, over other potential investments. Similarly, the compensation may cause financial intermediaries to elevate the prominence of the Fund within its organization by, for example, placing it on a list of preferred funds.
Anti-Money Laundering Program. Customer identification and verification are part of the Fund's overall obligation to deter money laundering under federal law. The Trust's Anti-Money Laundering Program is designed to prevent the Fund from being used for money laundering or the financing of terrorist activities. In this regard, the Fund reserves the right, to the extent permitted by law, (1) to refuse, cancel or rescind any purchase order or (2) to freeze any account and/or suspend account services. These actions will be taken when, at the sole discretion of Trust management, they are deemed to be in the best interest of the Fund or in cases when the Fund is requested or compelled to do so by governmental or law enforcement authorities or applicable law. If your account is closed at the request of governmental or law enforcement authorities, you may not receive proceeds of the redemption if the Fund is required to withhold such proceeds.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings. A description of the Fund's policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio securities is available in the Fund's SAI.
The Fund offers two classes of shares: Institutional Shares and Investor Shares. Each class has a different combination of purchase restrictions and ongoing fees, allowing you to choose the class that best meets your needs.
Institutional Shares . Institutional Shares of the Fund are designed for institutional investors (such as investment advisers, financial institutions, corporations, trusts, estates and religious and charitable organizations) investing for proprietary programs and firm discretionary accounts. Institutional Shares are sold without the imposition of initial sales charges and are not subject to Rule 12b-1 fees.
Investor Shares. Investor Shares of the Fund are for retail investors who invest in the Fund directly or through a fund supermarket or other investment platform. Investor Shares are not sold with the imposition of initial sales charges but are subject to a Rule 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25% of the Fund's average daily net assets. A lower minimum initial investment is required to purchase Investor Shares.
Under certain circumstances, an investor's investment in one class of shares of the Fund may be converted into an investment in the other class of shares of the Fund. No gain or loss will generally be recognized for federal income tax purposes as a result of such a conversion, and a shareholder's basis in the class of shares acquired will be the same as such shareholder's basis in the class of shares converted. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the state and local tax consequences of such a conversion, or any other exchange of shares.
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How to Make Payments. Unless purchased through a financial intermediary, all investments must be made by check, Automated Clearing House ("ACH") or wire. All checks must be payable in U.S. dollars and drawn on U.S. financial institutions. In the absence of the granting of an exception consistent with the Trust's Anti-Money Laundering Program, the Fund does not accept purchases made by credit card check, starter check, checks with more than one endorsement (unless the check is payable to all endorsees), cash or cash equivalents (for instance, you may not pay by money order, cashier's check, bank draft or traveler's check). The Fund and the Adviser also reserve the right to accept in kind contributions of securities in exchange for shares of the Fund.
Checks. Checks must be made payable to "CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund." For individual, sole proprietorship, joint, Uniform Gifts to Minors Act ("UGMA") and Uniform Transfers to Minors Act ("UTMA") accounts, checks may be made payable to one or more owners of the account and endorsed to "CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund." A $20 charge may be imposed on any returned checks.
ACH. Refers to the Automated Clearing House system maintained by the Federal Reserve Bank, which allows banks to process checks, transfer funds and perform other tasks. Your U.S. financial institution may charge you a fee for this service.
Wires. Instruct your U.S. financial institution with whom you have an account to make a federal funds wire payment to the Fund. Your U.S. financial institution may charge you a fee for this service.
Minimum Investments. The Fund accepts investments in the following minimum amounts:
| Institutional Shares | Investor Shares | |||||||||||||
|
Minimum
Initial Investment |
Minimum
Additional Investment |
Minimum
Initial Investment |
Minimum
Additional Investment |
|||||||||||
| Standard Accounts | $100,000 | None | $2,500 | $100 | ||||||||||
| Retirement Accounts | $100,000 | None | $2,500 | $100 | ||||||||||
The Fund reserves the right to waive minimum investment amounts, if deemed appropriate by an officer of the Trust.
Registered investment advisers and financial planners may be permitted to aggregate the value of accounts in order to meet minimum investment amounts.
There is no initial or subsequent investment minimum for directors, officers and employees of the Adviser or the spouse, sibling, direct ancestor, or direct descendent (collectively, "relatives") of any such person, any trust or individual retirement account or self-employed retirement plan for the benefit of any such person or relative; or the estate of any such person or relative.
Account Requirements. The following table describes the requirements to establish certain types of accounts in the Fund.
| Type of Account | Requirement | ||||
|
Individual, Sole Proprietorship and Joint Accounts
Individual accounts and sole proprietorship accounts are owned by one
person. Joint accounts have two or more owners (tenants).
|
Instructions must be signed by all persons named as account owners exactly as their names appear on the account. |
||||
|
Gifts or Transfers to a Minor (UGMA, UTMA)
These custodial accounts are owned by a minor child but controlled by
an adult custodian.
|
Depending on state laws, you may set up a custodial account under the UGMA or the UTMA. The custodian must sign instructions in a manner indicating custodial capacity. |
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| Type of Account | Requirement | ||||
|
Corporations/Other Entities
These accounts are owned by the entity, but control is exercised by
its officers, partners or other management.
|
The entity should submit a certified copy of its articles of incorporation (or a government-issued business license or other document that reflects the existence of the entity) and a corporate resolution or a secretary's certificate. |
||||
| Trusts |
The trust must be established before an account may be opened. The trust should provide the first and signature pages from the trust document identifying the trustees. |
Account Application and Customer Identity Verification. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account.
When you open an account, the Fund will ask for your first and last name, U.S. taxpayer identification number ("TIN"), physical street address, date of birth and other information or documents that will allow the Fund to identify you. If you do not supply the required information, the Fund will attempt to contact you or, if applicable, your financial adviser. If the Fund cannot obtain the required information within a timeframe established in its sole discretion, your application will be rejected.
When your application is in good order and includes all required information, your order will normally be processed at the NAV next calculated after receipt of your application and investment amount. The Fund will attempt to verify your identity using the information that you have supplied and other information about you that is available from third parties, including information available in public and private databases, such as consumer reports from credit reporting agencies.
The Fund will try to verify your identity within a timeframe established in its sole discretion. If the Fund cannot do so, the Fund reserves the right to redeem your investment at the next NAV calculated after the Fund decides to close your account. If your account is closed, you may realize a gain or loss on the Fund shares in the account. You will be responsible for any related taxes and will not be able to recoup any redemption fees assessed, if applicable.
Policy on Prohibition of Foreign Shareholders. The Fund requires that all shareholders be U.S. persons or U.S. resident aliens with a valid TIN (or who can show proof of having applied for a TIN and commit to provide a valid TIN within 60 days) in order to open an account with the Fund.
Investment Procedures. The following table describes the procedures for investing in the Fund.
| How to Open an Account | How to Add to Your Account | ||||
|
Through a Financial Intermediary
Contact your financial intermediary using the method that is most convenient for you. |
Through a Financial Intermediary
Contact your financial intermediary using the method that is most convenient for you. |
||||
|
By Check
Call, write or e-mail the Fund or visit the Adviser's website for an account application. Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable). Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable) and a check. |
By Check
Fill out an investment slip from a confirmation or write the Fund a letter. Write your account number on your check. Mail the Fund the investment slip or your letter and the check. |
19
| How to Open an Account | How to Add to Your Account | ||||
|
By Wire
Call, write or e-mail the Fund or visit the Adviser's website for an account application. Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable). Call the Fund to notify the transfer agent that you are faxing your completed application (and other required documents, if applicable). The transfer agent will assign you an account number. Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable). Instruct your U.S. financial institution to wire money to the Fund. |
By Wire
Instruct your U.S. financial institution to wire money to the Fund. |
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By ACH Payment
(for Investor Shares only)
Call, write or e-mail the Fund or visit the Adviser's website for an account application. Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable). Call the Fund to notify the transfer agent that you are faxing your completed application (and other required documents, if applicable). The transfer agent will assign you an account number. Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable). The transfer agent will electronically debit your purchase proceeds from the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application. ACH purchases are limited to $25,000 per day. |
By ACH Payment (for Investor Shares only) Call the Fund to request a purchase by ACH payment. The transfer agent will electronically debit your purchase proceeds from the U.S. financial institution account identified on your account application. ACH Purchases are limited to $25,000 per day. |
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By Internet
(for Investor Shares only)
Access the Fund website. Complete the application online. The transfer agent will electronically debit your purchase proceeds from the U.S. financial institution account identified on your account application. The account opening amount is limited to $25,000 (if you would like to invest more than $25,000, you may make the investment by check or wire). |
By Internet (for Investor Shares only) Log on to your account from the Fund website. Select the "Purchase" option under the "Account Listing" menu. Follow the instructions provided. The transfer agent will electronically debit your purchase proceeds from the U.S. financial institution account identified on your account application. Subsequent purchases are limited to $25,000 per day (if you would like to invest more than $25,000, you may make the investment by check or wire). |
Systematic Investments. You may establish a systematic investment plan to automatically invest a specific amount of money (up to $25,000 per day) into your account on a specified day and frequency not to exceed two investments per month. Payments for systematic investments are automatically debited from your designated savings or checking account via ACH. Systematic investments must be for at least $200 per occurrence. If you wish to enroll in a systematic investment plan, complete the appropriate section on the account application. Your signed account application must be received at least three business days prior to the initial transaction. The Fund may terminate or modify this privilege at any time. You may terminate your participation in a systematic investment plan by notifying the Fund at least two days in advance of the next withdrawal.
A systematic investment plan is a method of using dollar cost averaging as an investment strategy that involves investing a fixed amount of money at regular time intervals. However, a program of regular investment cannot
20
ensure a profit or protect against a loss as a result of declining markets. By continually investing the same amount, you will be purchasing more shares when the price is lower and fewer shares when the price is higher. Please call (855) 328-7691 (toll free) for additional information regarding systematic investment plans.
Limitations on Frequent Purchases. The Board has adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares by Fund shareholders. It is the Fund's policy to discourage short-term trading. Frequent trading in the Fund, such as traders seeking short-term profits from market momentum, time zone arbitrage and other timing strategies may interfere with the management of the Fund's portfolio and result in increased administrative and brokerage costs and a potential dilution in the value of Fund shares. As money is moved in and out, the Fund may incur expenses buying and selling portfolio securities and these expenses are borne by Fund shareholders. The Fund does not permit market timing and will not knowingly accommodate trading in Fund shares in violation of these policies.
Focus is placed on identifying redemption transactions which may be harmful to the Fund or its shareholders if they are frequent. These transactions are analyzed for offsetting purchases within a predetermined period of time. If frequent trading trends are detected, an appropriate course of action may be taken. The Fund reserves the right to cancel, restrict or reject without any prior notice, any purchase order, including transactions representing excessive trading, transactions that may be disruptive to the management of the Fund's portfolio, and purchase orders not accompanied by payment.
Because the Fund may receive purchase and sale orders through financial intermediaries that use omnibus or retirement accounts, the Fund cannot always detect frequent purchases and redemptions. As a consequence, the Fund's ability to monitor and discourage abusive trading practices in such accounts may be limited.
The investment in foreign securities may make the Fund more susceptible to the risk of market timing activities because of price differentials that may be reflected in the NAV of the Fund's shares. The Fund generally prices its foreign securities using their closing prices from the foreign markets in which they trade, typically prior to the Fund's calculation of its NAV. These prices may be affected by events that occur after the close of a foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares. Although the Fund may fair value foreign securities in such instances and notwithstanding other measures that the Fund may take to discourage frequent purchases and redemptions, investors may engage in frequent short-term trading to take advantage of any arbitrage opportunities in the pricing of the Fund's shares. There is no assurance that fair valuation of securities will reduce or eliminate market timing.
The investment in securities of small capitalization or mid capitalization companies may make the Fund more susceptible to market timing, as shareholders may try to capitalize on the market volatility of such securities and the effect of the volatility on the value of Fund shares.
The Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase request, particularly requests that could adversely affect the Fund or its operations.
Canceled or Failed Payments. The Fund accepts checks and ACH payments at full value subject to collection. If the Fund does not receive your payment for shares or you pay with a check or ACH payment that does not clear, your purchase will be canceled within two business days of notification from your bank that your funds did not clear. You will be responsible for any actual losses or expenses incurred by the Fund or the transfer agent. The Fund and its agents have the right to reject or cancel any purchase due to non-payment.
Redemption orders received in good order will be processed at the next calculated NAV. The right of redemption may not be suspended, except for any period during which (1) the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings) or the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") determines that trading thereon is restricted, (2) an emergency (as determined by the SEC) exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of its securities is not reasonably practicable or as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to determine fairly the value of its net assets or (3) the SEC has entered a suspension order for the protection of the shareholders of the Fund.
21
If the Fund has not yet collected payment for the shares being sold, it may delay sending redemption proceeds until such payment is collected, which may be up to 15 calendar days.
| How to Sell Shares from Your Account | ||
|
Through a Financial Intermediary
If you purchased shares through your financial intermediary, your redemption order must be placed through the same financial intermediary. |
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By Mail
Prepare a written request including: your name(s) and signature(s); your account number; the Fund name and class; the dollar amount or number of shares you want to sell; how and where to send the redemption proceeds; a Medallion Signature Guarantee (if required); and other documentation (if required). Mail the Fund your request and documentation. |
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By Telephone
Call the Fund with your request, unless you declined telephone redemption privileges on your account application. Provide the following information: your account number; the exact name(s) in which the account is registered; and additional form of identification. Redemption proceeds will be mailed to you by check or electronically credited to your account at the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application. |
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By Systematic Withdrawal
Complete the systematic withdrawal section of the application. Attach a voided check to your application. Mail the completed application to the Fund. Redemption proceeds will be mailed to you by check or electronically credited to your account at the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application. |
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By Internet (for Investor Shares only)
Log on to your account from the Fund website. Select the "Redemption" option under the "Account Listing" menu. Follow the instructions provided. Redemption proceeds will be electronically credited to your account at the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application. |
Wire Redemption Privileges. You may redeem your shares with proceeds payable by wire unless you declined wire redemption privileges on your account application. The minimum amount that may be redeemed by wire is $5,000.
Telephone Redemption Privileges. You may redeem your shares by telephone, unless you declined telephone redemption privileges on your account application. You may be responsible for an unauthorized telephone redemption order as long as the transfer agent takes reasonable measures to verify that the order is genuine. Telephone redemption orders may be difficult to complete during periods of significant economic or market activity. If you are not able to reach the Fund by telephone, you may mail us your redemption order.
Systematic Withdrawals. You may establish a systematic withdrawal plan to automatically redeem a specific amount of money or shares from your account on a specified day and frequency not to exceed one withdrawal per month. Payments for systematic withdrawals are sent by check to your address of record, or if you so designate, to your bank account by ACH payment. To establish a systematic withdrawal plan, complete the systematic withdrawal
22
section of the account application. The plan may be terminated or modified by a shareholder or the Fund at any time without charge or penalty. You may terminate your participation in a systematic withdrawal plan at any time by contacting the Fund sufficiently in advance of the next withdrawal.
A withdrawal under a systematic withdrawal plan involves a redemption of Fund shares and may result in a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. Please call (855) 328-7691 (toll free) for additional information regarding systematic withdrawal plans.
Signature Guarantee Requirements. To protect you and the Fund against fraud, signatures on certain requests must have a Medallion Signature Guarantee. A Medallion Signature Guarantee verifies the authenticity of your signature. You may obtain a Medallion Signature Guarantee from most banking institutions or securities brokers but not from a notary public. Written instructions signed by all registered shareholders with a Medallion Signature Guarantee for each shareholder are required for any of the following:
written requests to redeem $100,000 or more;
changes to a shareholder's record name or account registration;
paying redemption proceeds from an account for which the address has changed within the last 30 days;
sending redemption and distribution proceeds to any person, address or financial institution account not on record;
sending redemption and distribution proceeds to an account with a different registration (name or ownership) from your account; and
adding or changing ACH or wire instructions, the telephone redemption or exchange option or any other election in connection with your account.
The Fund reserves the right to require Medallion Signature Guarantees on all redemptions.
Small Account Balances. If the value of your account falls below the minimum account balances in the following table, the Fund may ask you to increase your balance. If the account value is still below the minimum balance after 60 days, the Fund may close your account and send you the proceeds. The Fund will not close your account if it falls below these amounts solely as a result of Fund performance.
Redemptions in Kind. Pursuant to an election filed with the SEC, under certain circumstances the Fund may pay redemption proceeds in portfolio securities rather than in cash. If the Fund redeems shares in this manner, the shareholder assumes the risk of a subsequent change in the market value of those securities, the costs of liquidating the securities (such as brokerage costs) and the possibility of a lack of a liquid market for those securities. Please see the SAI for more details on redemptions in kind.
Lost Accounts. The transfer agent will consider your account lost if correspondence to your address of record is returned as undeliverable on two consecutive occasions, unless the transfer agent determines your new address. When an account is lost, all distributions on the account will be reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. In addition, the amount of any outstanding check (unpaid for six months or more) and checks that have been returned to the transfer agent may be reinvested at the current NAV, and the checks will be canceled. However, checks will not be reinvested into accounts with a zero balance, but will be held in a different account. Any of your unclaimed property may be transferred to the state of your last known address if no activity occurs in your account within the time period specified by that state's law.
Distribution and Shareholder Service Fees. The Trust has adopted a Rule 12b-1 plan under which the Fund pays the Distributor a fee up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of Investor Shares for distribution services and/or the servicing of shareholder accounts.
23
Because the Investor Shares pay distribution fees on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The Distributor may pay any fee received under the Rule 12b-1 plan to the Adviser or other financial intermediaries that provide distribution and shareholder services with respect to Investor Shares.
In addition to paying fees under the Rule 12b-1 plan, the Fund may pay service fees to financial intermediaries for administration, recordkeeping and other shareholder services associated with shareholders whose shares are held of record in omnibus accounts, other group accounts or accounts traded through registered securities clearing agents.
You may invest in shares of the Fund through an IRA, including traditional and Roth IRAs, also known as a "Qualified Retirement Account." The Fund may also be appropriate for other retirement plans, such as 401(k) plans. Before investing in an IRA or other retirement account, you should consult your tax advisor. Whenever making an investment in an IRA or certain retirement plans, be sure to indicate the year to which the contribution is attributed.
24
Distributions and Dividend Reinvestments. The Fund declares dividends from net investment income and pays them annually. Any net capital gains realized by the Fund are distributed at least annually. The Fund may distribute such income dividends and capital gains more frequently, if necessary, in order to reduce or eliminate federal excise or income taxes on the Fund. The amount of any distribution will vary, and there is no guarantee the Fund will pay either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution.
Most investors typically have their income dividends and capital gain distributions (each a "distribution") reinvested in additional shares of the distributing Fund. If you choose this option, or if you do not indicate any choice, your distributions will be reinvested. Alternatively, you may choose to have your distributions of $10 or more sent directly to your bank account or paid to you by check. However, if a distribution is less than $10, your proceeds will be reinvested. If five or more of your distribution checks remain uncashed after 180 days, all subsequent distributions may be reinvested. For federal income tax purposes, distributions to non-qualified retirement accounts are treated the same whether they are received in cash or reinvested.
Annual Statements. Each year, the Fund will send you an annual statement (Form 1099) of your account activity to assist you in completing your federal, state and local tax returns. Distributions declared in December to shareholders of record in such month, but paid in January, are taxable as if they were paid in December. Prior to issuing your statement, the Fund makes every effort to reduce the number of corrected forms mailed to you. However, if the Fund finds it necessary to reclassify its distributions or adjust the cost basis of any Covered Shares (defined below) sold or exchanged after you receive your tax statement, the Fund will send you a corrected Form 1099.
Taxes. The Fund intends to qualify each year as a RIC and, as such, is not subject to entity level tax on the income and gain it distributes to shareholders. The Fund intends to operate in a manner such that it will not be liable for federal income or excise taxes.
The Fund's distributions of net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are taxable to you as ordinary income, except as noted below. The Fund's distributions of net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), if any, are taxable to you as long-term capital gain, regardless of how long you have held your shares. Distributions may also be subject to state and local income taxes. Some Fund distributions may also include a nontaxable return of capital. Return of capital distributions reduce your tax basis in your Fund shares and are treated as gain from the sale of the shares to the extent they exceed your basis.
The Fund's dividends attributable to its "qualified dividend income" (i.e., dividends received on stock of most domestic and certain foreign corporations with respect to which the Fund satisfies certain holding period and other restrictions) generally will be subject to federal income tax for individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders who satisfy those restrictions with respect to their Fund shares at the rates for net capital gain - a maximum of 15% for a single shareholder with taxable income not exceeding $400,000 ($450,000 for married shareholders filing jointly) and 20% for those shareholders with taxable income exceeding those respective amounts. A portion of the Fund's dividends also may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations - the eligible portion may not exceed the aggregate dividends the Fund receives from domestic corporations subject to federal income tax (thus excluding real estate investment trusts) and excludes dividends from foreign corporations - subject to similar restrictions. However, dividends a corporate shareholder deducts pursuant to that deduction are subject indirectly to the federal alternative minimum tax.
A distribution reduces the NAV of the Fund's shares by the amount of the distribution. If you purchase shares prior to a distribution, you are taxed on the full amount of the distribution even though it represents a partial return of your investment.
The sale (redemption) of Fund shares is generally taxable for federal income tax purposes. You will recognize a gain or loss on the transaction equal to the difference, if any, between the amount of your net redemption proceeds and your tax basis in the redeemed Fund shares. The gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if you held your Fund shares as capital assets. Any capital gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if you held the Fund shares
25
for more than one year at the time of the redemption and any such gain will be taxed to individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders at the 15% or 20% maximum federal income tax rates mentioned above. Any capital loss arising from the redemption of Fund shares held for six months or less, however, will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of net capital gain distributions with respect to those shares.
The Fund is required to withhold federal income tax at the rate of 28% on all distributions and redemption proceeds (regardless of the extent to which you realize gain or loss) otherwise payable to you (if you are an individual or certain other non-corporate shareholder) if you fail to provide the Fund with your correct TIN or to make required certifications, or if you have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") that you are subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax, and any amounts withheld may be credited against your federal income tax liability once you provide the required information or certification.
The Fund (or its administrative agent) will be required to report to you and the IRS annually on Form 1099-B not only the gross proceeds of Fund shares you sell or redeem but also the cost basis for shares purchased or acquired on or after January 1, 2012 ("Covered Shares"). A Fund shareholder who wants to use the average basis method for determining basis in Fund shares for Covered Shares, must elect to do so in writing (which may be electronic). If a Fund shareholder fails to affirmatively elect the average basis method, the basis determination will be made in accordance with the Fund's default method, which is first-in first-out. If, however, a Fund shareholder wishes to use a different acceptable method for basis determination (e.g., a specific identification method), the shareholder may elect to do so. The basis determination method a Fund shareholder elects may not be changed with respect to a redemption of Covered Shares after the settlement date of the redemption. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisors to determine the best IRS-accepted basis determination method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the basis reporting law applies to them.
An individual is required to pay a 3.8% federal tax on the lesser of (1) the individual's "net investment income," which generally includes dividends, interest, and net gains from the disposition of investment property (including dividends and capital gain distributions a Fund pays and net gains realized on the redemption of Fund shares), or (2) the excess of the individual's "modified adjusted gross income" over a threshold amount ($250,000 for married persons filing jointly and $200,000 for single taxpayers). This tax is in addition to any other taxes due on that income. A similar tax applies to estates and trusts. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, this provision may have on their investment in Fund shares.
After December 31 of each year, the Fund will mail to its shareholders reports containing information about the income tax status of distributions paid during the year.
Payments to a shareholder that is either a foreign financial institution (FFI) or a non-financial foreign entity (NFFE) within the meaning of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) may be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on: (a) income dividends paid by a Fund after June 30, 2014, and (b) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares paid by the Fund after December 31, 2016. FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided: (a) by an FFI, subject to any applicable intergovernmental agreement or other exemption, if it enters into a valid agreement with the IRS to, among other requirements, report required information about certain direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that it has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reports information relating to them. A Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of a Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.
For further information about the tax effects of investing in the Fund, please see the SAI. This discussion is not intended or written to be used as tax advice. Because everyone's tax situation is unique you should consult your tax advisor about federal, state, local, or foreign tax consequences before making an investment in the Fund.
Organization. The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust, and the Fund is a series thereof. The Fund does not expect to hold shareholders' meetings unless required by federal or Delaware law. Shareholders of each series of the Trust are entitled to vote at shareholders' meetings unless a matter relates only to a specific series (such as the approval of an advisory agreement for the Fund). From time to time, large shareholders may control the Fund or the Trust.
26
CVR DYNAMIC ALLOCATION FUND
INSTITUTIONAL SHARES ( CVRAX )
INVESTOR SHARES ( CVRVX )
Annual/Semi-Annual Reports
Additional information about the Fund's investments will be available in the Fund's annual/semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the Fund's annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund's performance during its last fiscal year.
Statement of Additional Information ("SAI")
The SAI provides more detailed information about the Fund and is incorporated by reference into, and is legally part of, this Prospectus.
Contacting the Fund
You may obtain free copies of the annual and semi-annual reports and the SAI, request other information and discuss your questions about the Fund by contacting the Fund at:
CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund
P.O. Box 588
Portland, Maine 04112
(855) 328-7691 (toll free)
cvrfunds.ta@atlanticfundservices.com
The Fund's Prospectus, SAI and annual/semi-annual reports will be available, without charge, on the Adviser's website at: cvrfunds.com.
Securities and Exchange Commission Information
You may also review and copy the Fund's annual and semi-annual reports, the SAI and other information about the Fund at the Public Reference Room of the SEC. The scheduled hours of operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. You may obtain copies of this information, for a duplication fee, by e-mailing or writing to:
Securities and Exchange Commission
Public Reference Section
Washington, D.C. 20549-1520
e-mail: publicinfo@sec.gov
Fund information, including copies of the annual and semi-annual reports and the SAI, is available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
219-PRU-1213
Distributor
Foreside Fund Services, LLC
www.foreside.com
Investment Company Act File No. 811-22842
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
December 30, 2013
CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund
Institutional Shares (CVRAX)
Investor Shares (CVRVX)
Investment Adviser:
CVR Portfolio Funds LLC
10 High Street, 3rd Floor
Boston, MA 02110
Account Information and Shareholder Services:
CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund
P.O. Box 588
Portland, Maine 04112
(855) 328-7691 (toll free)
cvrfunds.ta@atlanticfundservices.com
cvrfunds.com
This Statement of Additional Information (the "SAI") supplements the prospectus dated December 30, 2013, as it may be amended from time to time (the "Prospectus"), offering Institutional Shares and Investor Shares of the CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund (the "Fund"), a separate series of Forum Funds II (the "Trust"). This SAI is not a prospectus and should only be read in conjunction with the Prospectus. You may obtain the Prospectus without charge by contacting Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC (d/b/a Atlantic Fund Services) ("Atlantic" or "Administrator") at the address, telephone number or e-mail address listed above. You may also obtain the Prospectus on the Adviser's website listed above. This SAI is incorporated by reference into the Prospectus. In other words, it is legally a part of the Prospectus.
The Fund has not commenced operations as of the date hereof and thus the Fund's financial statements are not available at this time. Copies of the Fund's Annual Report may be obtained, when they are available, without charge and upon request, by contacting Atlantic at the address, telephone number or e-mail address listed above. You may also obtain copies of the Annual Report, when they are available, on the Adviser's website listed above.
| KEY DEFINED TERMS | 1 | ||||||||||
| INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS | 2 | ||||||||||
| INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS | 16 | ||||||||||
| BOARD OF TRUSTEES, MANAGEMENT AND SERVICE PROVIDERS | 18 | ||||||||||
| A. | Board of Trustees | 18 | |||||||||
| B. | Principal Officers of the Trust | 21 | |||||||||
| C. | Ownership of Securities of the Adviser and Related Companies | 21 | |||||||||
| D. | Information Concerning Trust Committees | 22 | |||||||||
| E. | Compensation of Trustees and Officers | 22 | |||||||||
| F. | Investment Adviser | 22 | |||||||||
| G. | Distributor | 24 | |||||||||
| H. | Other Fund Service Providers | 26 | |||||||||
| PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS | 28 | ||||||||||
| A. | How Securities are Purchased and Sold | 28 | |||||||||
| B. | Commissions Paid | 28 | |||||||||
| C. | Adviser Responsibility for Purchases and Sales and Choosing Broker-Dealers | 28 | |||||||||
| D. | Counterparty Risk | 29 | |||||||||
| E. | Transactions through Affiliates | 29 | |||||||||
| F. | Other Accounts of the Adviser | 29 | |||||||||
| G. | Portfolio Turnover | 29 | |||||||||
| H. | Securities of Regular Broker-Dealers | 29 | |||||||||
| I. | Portfolio Holdings | 29 | |||||||||
| PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION INFORMATION | 31 | ||||||||||
| A. | General Information | 31 | |||||||||
| B. | Additional Purchase Information | 31 | |||||||||
| C. | Additional Redemption Information | 31 | |||||||||
| TAXATION | 33 | ||||||||||
| A. | Qualification for Treatment as a Regulated Investment Company | 33 | |||||||||
| B. | Fund Distributions | 35 | |||||||||
| C. | Certain Tax Rules Applicable to Fund Transactions | 36 | |||||||||
| D. | Federal Excise Tax | 38 | |||||||||
| E. | Redemption of Shares | 38 | |||||||||
| F. | State and Local Taxes | 39 | |||||||||
| G. | Foreign Income Tax | 39 | |||||||||
| OTHER MATTERS | 40 | ||||||||||
| A. | The Trust and Its Shareholders | 40 | |||||||||
| B. | Fund Ownership | 40 | |||||||||
| C. | Limitations on Shareholders' and Trustees' Liability | 40 | |||||||||
| D. | Proxy Voting Procedures | 41 | |||||||||
| E. | Code of Ethics | 41 | |||||||||
| F. | Registration Statement | 41 | |||||||||
| G. | Financial Statements | 41 | |||||||||
| APPENDIX A - DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS | A-1 | ||||||||||
| APPENDIX B - TRUST PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES | B-1 | ||||||||||
| APPENDIX C - ADVISER PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES | C-1 | ||||||||||
As used in this SAI, the following terms have the meanings listed.
"1933 Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including rules, regulations, SEC interpretations, and any exemptive orders or interpretive relief promulgated thereunder.
"1940 Act" means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, including rules, regulations, SEC interpretations, and any exemptive orders or interpretive relief promulgated thereunder.
"Adviser" means CVR Portfolio Funds LLC, the Fund's investment adviser.
"Board" means the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
"CFTC" means the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
"Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
"Independent Trustees" means trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.
"IRS" means the Internal Revenue Service.
"NAV" means net asset value per share.
"RIC" means a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code.
"SEC" means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
"Subadviser" means SSARIS Advisors, LLC, the Fund's subadviser.
1
The Fund is a diversified series of the Trust. This section supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the Prospectus. Please see the Prospectus for a discussion of the Fund's investment objective, principal investment strategies and principal risks of investing in the Fund. That said, the following paragraphs provide more detail regarding the Fund's investment policies and the associated risks. Other than the principal investment strategies listed in the prospectus, the following strategies and instruments are non-principal strategies of the Fund.
A. Equity Securities
Common and Preferred Stock. The Fund may invest in common and preferred stock. Common stock represents an ownership interest in a company and usually possesses voting rights and earns dividends. Dividends on common stock are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the issuer. Common stock generally represents the riskiest investment in a company. In addition, common stock generally has the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential because increases and decreases in earnings are usually reflected in a company's common stock price. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to the payment of dividends or the recovery of investment should a company be liquidated, although preferred stock is usually junior to the debt securities of the issuer. Preferred stock typically does not possess voting rights. Preferred stock is subject to the risks associated with other types of equity securities, as well as additional risks, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, potentially greater volatility and risks related to deferral, non-cumulative dividends, subordination, liquidity, limited voting rights, and special redemption rights.
The fundamental risk of investing in common and preferred stock is the risk that the value of the stock might decrease. Stock values fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short-term risks than preferred stocks, fixed-income securities and money market investments. The market value of all securities, including common and preferred stocks, is based upon the market's perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measure of a company's worth. If you invest in the Fund, you should be willing to accept the risks of the stock market and should consider an investment in the Fund only as a part of your overall investment portfolio.
Warrants. The Fund may invest in warrants. Warrants are securities, typically issued with preferred stock or bonds that give the holder the right to purchase a given number of shares of common stock at a specified price and time. The price usually represents a premium over the applicable market value of the common stock at the time of the warrant's issuance. Warrants have no voting rights with respect to the common stock, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.
Investments in warrants involve certain risks, including the possible lack of a liquid market for the resale of the warrants, potential price fluctuations due to adverse market conditions or other factors and failure of the price of the common stock to rise. If the warrant is not exercised within the specified time period, it becomes worthless.
Depositary Receipts. The Fund may invest in sponsored and unsponsored American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), European Depositary Receipts ("EDRs"), Global Depositary Receipts ("GDRs"), Holding Company Depositary Receipts ("HOLDRs"), New York Registered Shares ("NYRs") or American Depositary Shares ("ADSs"). ADRs typically are issued by a United States of America ("U.S.") bank or trust company, evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign company, and are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets. EDRs are issued by European financial institutions and typically trade in Europe and GDRs are issued by European financial institutions and typically trade in both Europe and the U.S. HOLDRs trade on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") and are fixed baskets of U.S. or foreign stocks that give an investor an ownership interest in each of the underlying stocks. NYRs, also known as Guilder Shares since most of the issuing companies are Dutch, are dollar-denominated certificates issued by foreign companies specifically for the U.S. market. ADSs are shares issued under a deposit agreement that represents an underlying security in the issuer's home country. (An ADS is the actual share trading, while an ADR represents a bundle of ADSs.) The Fund may invest in ADRs in order to obtain exposure to foreign securities markets.
Unsponsored depositary receipts may be created without the participation of the foreign issuer. Holders of these receipts generally bear all the costs of the depositary receipt facility, whereas foreign issuers typically bear certain costs in a sponsored depositary receipt. The bank or trust company depositary of an unsponsored depositary receipt may be under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the foreign issuer or to pass through voting rights. Accordingly, available information concerning the issuer may not be current, and the prices of unsponsored depositary
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receipts may be more volatile than the prices of sponsored depositary receipts. The securities underlying ADRs trade on foreign exchanges at times when the U.S. markets are not open for trading. As a result, the value of ADRs representing those underlying securities may change materially at times when the U.S. markets are not open for trading.
B. Fixed-Income Securities
Security Ratings Information. The Fund's investments in fixed-income, preferred stock and convertible securities are subject to the credit risk relating to the financial condition of the issuers of the securities. The Fund may invest in investment grade fixed-income securities and up to 5% of its total assets in non-investment grade fixed-income securities. Investment grade means rated in the top four long-term rating categories or unrated and determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Non-investment grade fixed-income securities (commonly known as "junk bonds") have significant speculative characteristics and generally involve greater volatility of price than investment grade securities.
The lowest ratings that are investment grade for corporate bonds, including convertible securities, are "Baa" in the case of Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's") and "BBB" in the cases of Standard & Poor's Financial Services, LLC, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ("S&P") and Fitch, Inc. ("Fitch"); for preferred stock the lowest ratings are "Baa" in the case of Moody's and "BBB" in the cases of S&P and Fitch. The Fund may retain securities whose ratings have declined below the lowest permissible rating category (or that are unrated and determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality to securities whose ratings have declined below the lowest permissible rating category) if the Adviser determines that retaining such security is in the best interests of the Fund. Unrated securities may not be as actively traded as rated securities.
Moody's, S&P, Fitch and other organizations provide ratings of the credit quality of debt obligations, including convertible securities. A description of the range of ratings assigned to various types of bonds and other securities is included in Appendix A to this SAI. The Adviser may use these ratings to determine whether to purchase, sell or hold a security. Ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Credit ratings attempt to evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments and do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. An issuer's current financial condition may be better or worse than a rating indicates.
Convertible Securities. The Fund may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities include fixed-income securities, preferred stock or other securities that may be converted into or exchanged for a given amount of common stock of the same or a different issuer during a specified period and at a specified price in the future. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest on debt or the dividend on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.
Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in a company's capital structure but are usually subordinated to comparable non-convertible securities. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in that they generally: (1) have higher yields than the underlying common stock, but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities; (2) are less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying common stock since they have fixed-income characteristics; and (3) provide the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.
A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security's governing instrument. If a convertible security is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party.
Investment in convertible securities generally entails less risk than an investment in the issuer's common stock. Convertible securities are typically issued by smaller capitalization companies whose stock price may be volatile. Therefore, the price of a convertible security may reflect variations in the price of the underlying common stock in a way that non-convertible debt does not. The extent to which such risk is reduced, however, depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed-income security.
Money Market Instruments and Other Securities. The Fund may invest in U.S. dollar and non-U.S. dollar denominated money market instruments and similar securities, including debt obligations issued by the U.S. and foreign national, provincial, state or municipal governments or their political subdivisions. The Fund may also invest in (1) money market instruments and similar securities issued by international organizations designated or supported by governmental entities (e.g., the World Bank and the European Community); (2) non-dollar securities issued by the U.S.
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government; and (3) foreign corporations. Money market instruments in which The Fund may invest include short-term government securities, floating and variable rate notes, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, CDs, time deposits, bankers' acceptances, and other short-term liquid instruments.
U.S. and Foreign Government Securities. The Fund may invest in U.S. Government Securities. U.S. Government Securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations (which differ only in their interest rates and maturities), (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities that are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government (such as securities issued by the Federal Housing Administration ("FHA"), Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Export-Import Bank, the General Services Administration and the Maritime Administration and certain securities issued by the FHA and the Small Business Administration) and (3) securities that are guaranteed by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government (such as the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae"), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac") or the Federal Home Loan Banks). These U.S. Government-sponsored entities, which although chartered and sponsored by Congress, are not guaranteed nor insured by the U.S. Government. They are supported by the credit of the issuing agency, instrumentality or corporation. The range of maturities of U.S. Government Securities is usually three months to thirty years. In general, the U.S. Government Securities tend to carry more interest rate risk than corporate bonds with similar maturities.
In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Housing Finance Agency ("FHFA") announced that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac had been placed in conservatorship. Since that time, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have received significant capital support through U.S. Treasury preferred stock purchases, as well as Treasury and Federal Reserve purchases of their mortgage-backed securities ("MBS"). The FHFA and the U.S. Treasury (through its agreement to purchase Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae preferred stock) have imposed strict limits on the size of their mortgage portfolios. The MBS purchase programs ended in 2010 and no assurance can be given that any Federal Reserve, U.S. Treasury, or FHFA initiatives will ensure that Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae will remain successful in meeting their obligations with respect to the debt and MBS they issue. However, the U.S. Treasury is expected to support the positive net worth of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac through preferred stock purchases through 2014.
In addition, the problems faced by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, resulting in their being placed into federal conservatorship and receiving significant U.S. Government support, have sparked serious debate among federal policy makers regarding the continued role of the U.S. Government in providing liquidity for mortgage loans. The Obama Administration produced a report to Congress on February 11, 2011, outlining a proposal to wind down Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac by increasing their guarantee fees, reducing their conforming loan limits (the maximum amount of each loan they are authorized to purchase), and continuing progressive limits on the size of their investment portfolio. Serious discussions among policymakers continue, however, as to whether Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae should be nationalized, privatized, restructured, or eliminated altogether. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac also are the subject of several continuing legal actions and investigations over certain accounting, disclosure or corporate governance matters, which (along with any resulting financial restatements) may continue to have an adverse effect on the guaranteeing entities. Importantly, the future of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae is in serious question as the U.S. Government considers multiple options.
The Fund may also invest in separated or divided U.S. Government Securities. These instruments represent a single interest, or principal, payment on a U.S. Government Security that has been separated from all the other interest payments as well as the security itself. When the Fund purchases such an instrument, it purchases the right to receive a single payment of a set sum at a known date in the future. The interest rate on such an instrument is determined by the price the Fund pays for the instrument when it purchases the instrument at a discount under what the instrument entitles the Fund to receive when the instrument matures. The amount of the discount the Fund will receive will depend upon the length of time to maturity of the separated U.S. Government Security and prevailing market interest rates when the separated U.S. Government Security is purchased. Separated U.S. Government Securities can be considered zero coupon investments because no payment is made to the Fund until maturity. The market values of these securities are much more susceptible to change in market interest rates than income-producing securities. These securities are purchased with original issue discount and such discount is includable as gross income to the Fund shareholder over the life of the security.
The Fund may also purchase certificates not issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, which evidence ownership of future interest, principal or interest and principal payments on obligations issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. The actual U.S. Treasury securities will be held by a custodian on behalf of the certificate holder. These certificates are purchased with original issue discount and are subject to greater fluctuations in market value, based upon changes in market interest rates, than income-producing securities.
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For purposes of the Fund's concentration policies, the Fund does not consider foreign government securities to be part of any industry. Holders of U.S. Government and foreign securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. or foreign government must look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing the obligation for repayment and may not be able to assert a claim against the U.S. or foreign government in the event that the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitment. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government or foreign government would provide support if it were not obligated to do so by law. Neither the U.S. Government, foreign government nor any of its agencies or instrumentalities guarantees the market value of the securities they issue.
Corporate Debt Obligations. The Fund may invest in U.S. and foreign corporate debt obligations. Corporate debt obligations include corporate bonds, debentures, notes, commercial paper and other similar corporate debt instruments. Companies use these instruments to borrow money from investors. The issuer pays the investor a fixed or variable rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed at maturity. Commercial paper (short-term unsecured promissory notes) is issued by companies to finance their current obligations and normally has a maturity of less than nine (9) months. In addition, The Fund also may invest in corporate debt securities registered and sold in the U.S. by foreign issuers (sometimes called Yankee bonds) and those sold outside the U.S. by foreign or U.S. issuers (sometimes called Eurobonds).
Risks of Fixed-Income Securities. Yields on fixed-income securities, including municipal securities, are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the fixed-income securities markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. Under normal conditions, fixed-income securities with longer maturities tend to offer higher yields and are generally subject to greater price movements than obligations with shorter maturities.
The issuers of debt securities are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors that may restrict the ability of the issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities. The possibility exists therefore that, as a result of bankruptcy, litigation or other conditions, the ability of an issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may become impaired.
Interest Rates. The market value of the interest-bearing fixed-income securities held by the Fund will be affected by changes in interest rates. There is normally an inverse relationship between the market value of securities sensitive to prevailing interest rates and actual changes in interest rates. The longer the remaining maturity and duration of a security, the more sensitive the security is to changes in interest rates. All fixed-income securities, including U.S. Government Securities, can change in value when there is a change in interest rates. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the markets' perception of an issuer's creditworthiness will also affect the market value of that issuer's debt securities. As a result, an investment in the Fund is subject to risk, even if all fixed-income securities in the Fund's investment portfolio are paid in full at maturity. In addition, certain fixed-income securities may be subject to extension risk, which refers to the change in total return on a security resulting from an extension or abbreviation of the security's maturity.
Credit. The Fund's investments in fixed-income securities are subject to credit risk relating to the financial condition of the issuers of the securities that the Fund holds. The Fund may invest in high yield securities that provide poor protection for payment of principal and interest but may have greater potential for capital appreciation than do higher quality securities. These securities also have greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the issuers' creditworthiness than do higher quality securities. The market for these securities may be thinner and less active than that for higher quality securities, which may affect the price at which the lower rated securities can be sold. In addition, the market prices of these securities may fluctuate more than the market prices of higher quality securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic difficulty or rising interest rates. Under such conditions, the Fund may have to use subjective rather than objective criteria to value its high yield/high risk securities investments accurately and may rely more heavily on the judgment of the Adviser to do so.
Moody's, S&P and other organizations provide ratings of the credit quality of debt obligations, including convertible securities. See "Securities Ratings Information" above.
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C. Foreign Investments
The Fund may invest in foreign securities. Investments in the securities of foreign issuers may involve risks in addition to those normally associated with investments in the securities of U.S. issuers. All foreign investments are subject to risks of: (1) foreign political and economic instability; (2) adverse movements in foreign exchange rates; (3) the imposition or tightening of exchange controls or other limitations on repatriation of foreign capital; and (4) changes in foreign governmental attitudes toward private investment, including potential nationalization, increased taxation or confiscation of the Fund's assets.
In addition, dividends payable on foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, thereby reducing the income available for distribution to you. Foreign brokerage commissions and custody fees are generally higher than those in the United States. Foreign accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards differ from those in the United States and therefore, less information may be available about foreign companies than is available about comparable U.S. companies. Foreign securities also may trade less frequently and with lower volume and may exhibit greater price volatility than U.S. securities.
Changes in foreign exchange rates will affect the U.S. dollar value of all foreign currency-denominated securities held by the Fund. Exchange rates are influenced generally by the forces of supply and demand in the foreign currency markets and by numerous other political and economic events occurring outside the United States, many of which may be difficult, if not impossible, to predict.
Income from foreign securities will be received and realized in foreign currencies and the Fund is required to compute and distribute income in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, a decline in the value of a particular foreign currency against the U.S. dollar after the Fund's income has been earned and computed in U.S. dollars may require the Fund to liquidate portfolio securities to acquire sufficient U.S. dollars to make a distribution. Similarly, if the exchange rate declines between the time the Fund incurs expenses in U.S. dollars and the time such expenses are paid, the Fund may be required to liquidate additional foreign securities to purchase the U.S. dollars required to meet such expenses.
The value of the Fund's investments may be affected by inflation, trade deficits, changes in interest rates, budget deficits and low savings rates, political factors and other factors. Trade deficits often cause inflation making a country's goods more expensive and less competitive thereby reducing the demand for that country's currency. High interest rates tend to increase currency values in the short-term by making such currencies attractive to investors; however, long-term results may be the opposite as high interest rates are often the product of high inflation. Political instability in a country can also cause a currency to depreciate if it appears that the country is inhospitable to business and foreign investment. In addition, various central banks may manipulate the exchange rate movements through their own buying and selling and can influence people's expectation with regard to the direction of exchange rates.
Emerging Markets. The value of the Fund's assets may be adversely affected by political, economic, social and religious instability; changes in laws or regulations of countries within emerging markets; international relations with other nations; and military activity. Furthermore, the economies of many emerging market countries may differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, the national balance of payment position, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. The governments of certain countries have placed restrictions on the operational freedom of private enterprise, and have or may nationalize private assets, including securities held by the Fund. Emerging market countries also have different accounting standards, corporate disclosure, governance and regulatory requirements than does the United States. As a result, there may be less publicly available information about securities in Asian countries. There is generally less governmental regulation of stock exchanges, brokers and issuers than in the United States, which may result in less transparency with respect to emerging market securities. The Fund may have difficulty obtaining or enforcing judgments against issuers of emerging market securities. Any adverse event in the emerging markets may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of the region as well as the Fund.
Investing in emerging markets involve greater risks than investing in more developed markets because, among other things, emerging markets are often less stable politically and economically. The economies of emerging market countries are smaller and less developed than that of the United States. Securities markets of such countries are substantially smaller, less liquid, and more volatile than securities markets in the United States. Brokerage commissions, custodian services fees, withholding taxes, and other costs relating to investment in emerging markets are generally higher than in the United States.
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Sovereign Debt Obligations. The Fund may invest in, or have exposure to (through derivative instruments), sovereign debt obligations. Sovereign debt obligations are issued or guaranteed by a foreign government or one of its agencies, authorities, instrumentalities or political subdivisions. Exposure to sovereign debt obligations involve special risks not present in corporate debt obligations. The issuer of the sovereign debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the Fund or other holder of the sovereign debt may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and the Fund's net asset value, may be more volatile than prices of U.S. debt obligations. In the past, certain non-U.S. markets have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their sovereign debts.
A sovereign debtor's willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange, the relative size of the debt service burden, the sovereign debtor's policy toward principal international lenders and local political constraints. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of third-party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor's ability or willingness to service its debts.
Custody Risk. Custody risk refers to the risks in the process of clearing and settling trades and to the holding of securities by local banks, agents and depositories. Acquiring, holding and transferring interests in securities by book-entry through any security intermediary is subject to the laws and contractual provisions governing the relationship with the intermediary, as well as the laws and contractual provisions governing the relationship between such intermediary and each other intermediary, if any, standing between themselves and the individual security.
Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle. Local agents are held only to the standards of care in the local markets. Governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. The less developed a country's securities market is, the greater the likelihood of custody problems.
D. Foreign Currencies Transactions
The Fund may temporarily hold funds in bank deposits in foreign currencies during the completion of investment programs. The Fund may conduct foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign exchange market or by entering into a forward foreign currency contract. Such a forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific amount of a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days (usually less than one year) from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. Forward contracts are considered "derivatives" -- financial instruments whose performance is derived, at least in part, from the performance of another asset (such as a security, currency or an index of securities). The Fund enters into forward contracts in order to "lock in" the exchange rate between the currency it will deliver and the currency it will receive for the duration of the contract. In addition, the Fund may enter into forward contracts to hedge against risks arising from securities the Fund owns or anticipates purchasing, or the U.S. dollar value of interest and dividends paid on those securities.
At or before settlement of a forward currency contract, the Fund may deliver the currency or terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the currency by purchasing an offsetting contract but see "Non-Deliverable Forwards" below. If the Fund makes delivery of the foreign currency at or before the settlement of a forward contract, it may be required to obtain the currency through the conversion of assets of the Fund into the currency. The Fund may close out a forward contract obligating it to purchase currency by selling an offsetting contract, in which case, it will realize a gain or a loss.
The Fund may invest in a combination of forward currency contracts and U.S. dollar-denominated instruments in an attempt to obtain an investment result that is substantially the same as a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated instrument. This investment technique creates a "synthetic" position in the particular foreign-currency instrument whose performance the manager is trying to duplicate. For example, the combination of U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments with "long" forward currency exchange contracts creates a position economically equivalent to a money market instrument denominated in the foreign currency itself. Such combined positions are sometimes necessary when the money market in a particular foreign currency is small or relatively illiquid.
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For the purpose of hedging, efficient portfolio management, generating income and/or enhancement of returns, The Fund may also, from time to time, enter into derivative currency transactions, such as forward contracts including currency forwards, cross currency forwards (each of which may result in net short currency exposures), financial and index futures contracts (including currency and currency index futures contracts) or options on currencies or such futures contracts. Such transactions could be effected with respect to hedges on non-U.S. dollar denominated securities owned by the Fund, sold by the Fund but not yet delivered, or committed or anticipated to be purchased by the Fund. The successful use of these transactions will usually depend on the manager's ability to forecast accurately currency exchange rate movements. Should exchange rates move in an unexpected manner, the Fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the transaction, or it may realize losses. In addition, these techniques could result in a loss if the counterparty to the transaction does not perform as promised. Moreover, investors should bear in mind that the Fund is not obligated to actively engage in these transactions; for example, the Fund may not have attempted to hedge its exposure to a particular foreign currency at a time when doing so might have avoided a loss.
For hedging purposes, The Fund may invest in forward currency contracts to hedge either specific transactions (transaction hedging) or portfolio positions (position hedging). Transaction hedging is the purchase or sale of forward currency contracts with respect to specific receivables or payables of the Fund in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities. Position hedging is the sale of a forward currency contract on a particular currency with respect to portfolio positions denominated or quoted in that currency.
The Fund may use forward currency contracts for position hedging if consistent with its policy of trying to expose its net assets to foreign currencies. The Fund are not required to enter into forward currency contracts for hedging purposes and it is possible that the Fund may not be able to hedge against a currency devaluation that is so generally anticipated that the Fund is unable to contract to sell the currency at a price above the devaluation level it anticipates. It also is possible, under certain circumstances, that the Fund may have to limit its currency transactions to qualify as a "regulated investment company" under the Code.
At or before the maturity of a forward currency contract, the Fund may either sell a portfolio security and make delivery of the currency, or retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the currency by buying an "offsetting" contract obligating it to buy, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the currency. If the Fund engages in an offsetting transaction, it may later enter into a new forward currency contract to sell the currency.
If the Fund engages in an offsetting transaction, it will incur a gain or loss to the extent that there has been movement in forward currency contract prices. If forward prices go down during the period between the date the Fund enters into a forward currency contract for the sale of a currency and the date it enters into an offsetting contract for the purchase of the currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the extent that the price of the currency it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to buy. If forward prices go up, the Fund will suffer a loss to the extent the price of the currency it has agreed to buy exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to sell.
Because the Fund may invest in money market instruments denominated in foreign currencies, it may hold foreign currencies pending investment or conversion into U.S. dollars. Although the Fund values its assets daily in U.S. dollars, it does not convert its holdings of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars on a daily basis. The Fund will convert its holdings from time to time, however, and incur the costs of currency conversion. Foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for conversion, but they do realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they buy and sell various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to the Fund at one rate, and offer to buy the currency at a lower rate if the Fund tries to resell the currency to the dealer.
Non-Deliverable Forwards. The Fund may also enter into forward contracts that do not provide for physical settlement of two currencies but instead are settled by a single cash payment calculated as the difference between the agreed upon exchange rate and the spot rate at settlement based upon an agreed upon notional amount (non-deliverable forwards).
Under definitions adopted by the CFTC and SEC, non-deliverable forwards are considered swaps. Although non-deliverable forwards have historically been traded in the over-the-counter (OTC) market, as swaps, they may in the future be required to be centrally cleared and traded on public facilities.
Foreign Currency Transaction Risk. Foreign currency transactions involve certain costs and risks. The Fund incurs foreign exchange expenses in converting assets from one currency to another. Forward contracts involve a risk of loss if the Adviser is inaccurate in its prediction of currency movements. The projection of short-term currency market movements is extremely difficult and the successful execution of a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain. The
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precise matching of forward contract amounts and the value of the securities involved is generally not possible. Accordingly, it may be necessary for the Fund to purchase additional foreign currency if the market value of the security is less than the amount of the foreign currency the Fund is obligated to deliver under the forward contract and the decision is made to sell the security and make delivery of the foreign currency. The use of forward contracts as a hedging technique does not eliminate fluctuations in the prices of the underlying securities the Fund owns or intends to acquire, but it does fix a rate of exchange in advance. Although forward contracts can reduce the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currencies, they also limit any potential gain that might result from an increase in the value of the currencies. There is also the risk that the other party to the transaction may fail to deliver currency when due which may result in a loss to the Fund.
Currency Fluctuations. The value of the Fund's investments is calculated in U.S. dollars each day that the NYSE is open for business. As a result, to the extent that the Fund's assets are invested in instruments denominated in foreign currencies and the currencies appreciate relative to the U.S. dollar, the Fund's NAV per share as expressed in U.S. dollars (and, therefore, the value of your investment) should increase. If the U.S. dollar appreciates relative to the other currencies, the opposite should occur.
The currency-related gains and losses experienced by the Fund will be based on changes in the value of portfolio securities attributable to currency fluctuations only in relation to the original purchase price of such securities as stated in U.S. dollars. Gains or losses on shares of the Fund will be based on changes attributable to fluctuations in the NAV of such shares, expressed in U.S. dollars, in relation to the original U.S. dollar purchase price of the shares. The amount of appreciation or depreciation in the Fund's assets also will be affected by the net investment income generated by the money market instruments in which the Fund invests and by changes in the value of the securities that are unrelated to changes in currency exchange rates.
Derivatives. Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Gains or losses involving derivative instruments may be substantial, because a relatively small price movement in the underlying securities, instrument, currency or index may result in a substantial gain or loss for the Fund.
Historically, an adviser of a fund trading commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts, nondeliverable forwards, swaps and cash-settled foreign currency contracts) has been excluded from regulation as a commodity pool operator ("CPO") pursuant to CFTC Regulation 4.5. In 2012, the CFTC amended Regulation 4.5 to dramatically narrow this exclusion.
Under the amended Regulation 4.5 exclusion, a fund's commodity interests - other than those used for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC) - must be limited such that the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish the positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are "in-the-money" at the time of purchase) does not exceed 5% of the fund's NAV, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of the positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, does not exceed 100% of the fund's NAV (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions). Further, to qualify for the exclusion in amended Regulation 4.5, a fund must satisfy a marketing test, which requires, among other things, that the fund not hold itself out as a vehicle for trading commodity interests.
The Adviser intends to comply with one of the two alternative limitations described above with respect to the Fund and claim an exclusion from the definition of the term "commodity pool operator" under the Commodity Exchange Act ("CEA") with respect to the Fund. The Fund therefore will not be subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under the CEA. Complying with the limitations may restrict the Adviser's ability to use derivatives as part of the Fund's investment strategies. Although the Adviser expects to be able to execute the Fund's strategies within the limitations, performance could be adversely affected.
Commodities Related Investments. Although the Fund may not purchase precious metals (such as gold, silver and platinum) or other physical commodities, the Fund may purchase securities backed by physical commodities, including interests in exchange-traded investment trusts and other similar entities, the value of whose shares relates directly to the value of physical commodities held by such an entity. As an investor in such an entity, the Fund would indirectly bear its pro rata share of the entity's expenses, which may include storage and other costs relating to the entity's investments in physical commodities. In addition, the Fund will not qualify for treatment as a RIC under the Code if more than 10% of its annual gross income consists of certain "non-qualifying" income, which includes gains resulting from selling
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physical commodities (or options or futures contracts thereon unless the gain is realized from certain hedging transactions) and certain other non-passive income. The Fund's investment in securities backed by, or in such entities that invest in, physical commodities generally would produce income that would be subject to this 10% limitation. To remain within this limitation, the Fund may hold such an investment or sell it at a loss, or sell other investments, when for investment reasons it would not otherwise do so. The availability of such measures does not guarantee that the Fund would be able to remain within the limitations of the Code.
Exposure to physical commodities may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The value of such investments may be affected by overall market movements, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as supply and demand, drought, floods, weather, embargoes, tariffs and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Their value may also respond to investor perception of instability in the national or international economy, whether or not justified by the facts. However, these investments may help to moderate fluctuations in the value of the Fund's other holdings, because these investments may not correlate with investments in traditional securities. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of the Fund's shares to fall. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. Because physical commodities do not generate investment income, the return on investments in physical commodities will be derived solely from the appreciation or depreciation on such investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as commodity-linked swaps and commodity-linked structured notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument.
E. Options and Futures
The Fund may purchase or write put and call options, futures and options on futures to: (1) enhance Fund performance; or (2) to hedge against a decline in the value of securities owned by the Fund or an increase in the price of securities that the Fund plans to purchase.
Specifically, The Fund may purchase or write options on securities in which it may invest or on market indices based in whole or in part on such securities. Options purchased or written by the Fund must be traded on an exchange or over-the-counter. The Fund may invest in futures contracts on market indices based in whole or in part on securities in which The Fund may invest. The Fund may also purchase or write put and call options on these futures contracts. Options and futures contracts are considered to be derivatives. Use of these instruments is subject to regulation by the SEC, the options and futures exchanges on which futures and options are traded or by the CFTC. No assurance can be given that any hedging or income strategy will achieve its intended result.
If the Fund will be financially exposed to another party due to its investments in options or futures, the Fund, may, if required, maintain either: (1) an offsetting ("covered") position in the underlying security or an offsetting option or futures contract; or (2) cash, receivables and liquid debt securities with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations. The Fund will comply with SEC guidelines with respect to coverage of these strategies and, if the guidelines require, will set aside cash, liquid securities and other permissible assets ("Segregated Assets") on its books and records in the prescribed amount. Segregated Assets and covered positions cannot be sold or closed out while the hedging strategy is outstanding, unless the Segregated Assets or covered positions are replaced with similar assets. As a result, there is a possibility that the use of cover or segregation involving a large percentage of the Fund's assets could impede portfolio management or the Fund's ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
Options on Securities. A call option is a contract under which the purchaser of the call option, in return for a premium paid, has the right to buy the security (or index) underlying the option at a specified price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of the call option, who receives the premium, has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security against payment of the exercise price. A put option gives its purchaser, in return for a premium, the right to sell the underlying security at a specified price during the term of the option. The writer of the put, who receives the premium, has the obligation to buy, upon exercise of the option, the underlying security (or a cash amount equal to the value of the index) at the exercise price. The amount of a premium received or paid for an option
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is based upon certain factors including the market price of the underlying security, the relationship of the exercise price to the market price, the historical price volatility of the underlying security, the option period and interest rates.
Options on Indices. An index assigns relative values to the securities included in the index, and the index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the securities included in the index. Index cash options operate in the same way as the more traditional options on securities except that index options are settled exclusively in cash and do not involve delivery of securities. Thus, upon exercise of index options, the purchaser will realize and the writer will pay an amount based on the differences between the exercise price and the closing price of the index.
Options on Futures. Options on futures contracts are similar to options on securities except that an option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract rather than to purchase or sell a security, at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position to the holder of the option will be accompanied by transfer to the holder of an accumulated balance representing the amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option on the future.
Futures Contracts and Index Futures Contracts. A futures contract is a bilateral agreement where one party agrees to accept, and the other party agrees to make, delivery of cash or an underlying debt security, as called for in the contract, at a specified date and at an agreed upon price.
An index futures contract involves the delivery of an amount of cash equal to a specified dollar amount multiplied by the difference between the index value at the close of trading of the contract and at the price designated by the futures contract. No physical delivery of the securities comprising the index is made. Generally, these futures contracts are closed out prior to the expiration date of the contracts.
A municipal bond futures contract is based on the value of the Bond Buyer Index ("BBI") which is comprised of 40 actively traded general obligation and revenue bonds. The rating of a BBI issue must be at least "A." To be considered, the issue must have at least 19 years remaining to maturity, a first call date between 7 and 16 years, and at least one call at par prior to redemption. No physical delivery of the securities is made in connection with municipal bond futures. Rather these contracts are usually settled in cash if they are not closed out prior to their expiration date.
A Treasury bond futures contract is based on the value of an equivalent 20-year, 6% Treasury bond. Generally, any Treasury bond with a remaining maturity or term to call of 15 years as of the first day of the month in which the contracts are scheduled to be exercised will qualify as a deliverable security pursuant to a Treasury bond futures contract. A Treasury note futures contract is based on the value of an equivalent 10-year, 6% Treasury note. Generally, any Treasury note with a remaining maturity or term to call of 6½ years or 10 years, respectively, as of the first day of the month in which the contracts are scheduled to be exercised will qualify as a deliverable security pursuant to Treasury note futures contract.
Since a number of different Treasury notes will qualify as a deliverable security upon the exercise of the option, the price that the buyer will actually pay for those securities will depend on which ones are actually delivered. Normally, the exercise price of the futures contract is adjusted by a conversion factor that takes into consideration the value of the deliverable security if it were yielding 6% as of the first day of the month in which the contract is scheduled to be exercised.
Commodity Linked Futures. The Fund may invest in commodity-linked futures contracts. Commodity-linked futures contracts are generally based upon commodities within six main commodity groups: (1) energy, which includes, among others, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil, Brent crude oil, gas oil, natural gas, gasoline and heating oil; (2) livestock, which includes, among others, feeder cattle, live cattle and hogs; (3) agriculture, which includes, among others, wheat (Kansas City wheat and Chicago wheat), corn and soybeans; (4) industrial metals, which includes, among others, aluminum, copper, lead, nickel and zinc; (5) precious metals, which includes, among others, gold and silver; and (6) softs, which includes cotton, coffee, sugar and cocoa. The price of a commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity. These storage costs include the time value of money invested in the physical commodity plus the actual costs of storing the commodity, less any benefits from ownership of the physical commodity that are not obtained by the holder of a futures contract (these benefits are sometimes referred to as the "convenience yield"). To the extent that these storage costs change for an underlying commodity while the Fund is long futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately.
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Risks of Options Transactions. There are certain investment risks associated with options transactions. These risks include: (1) the Adviser's ability to predict movements in the prices of individual currencies or gold and fluctuations in the general currency markets; (2) imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of options and movements in the price of the currencies or gold hedged or used for cover which may cause a given hedge not to achieve its objective; (3) the fact that the skills and techniques needed to trade these instruments are different from those needed to select the securities in which the Fund invests; and (4) lack of assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular instrument at any particular time, which, among other things, may hinder the Fund's ability to limit exposures by closing its positions.
Other risks include the inability of the Fund, as the writer of covered call options, to benefit from any appreciation of the underlying currency or gold above the exercise price, and the possible loss of the entire premium paid for options purchased by the Fund. There is no assurance that a counterparty in an over-the-counter option transaction will be able to perform its obligations.
Risks of Hedging Strategies. The Fund may engage in hedging activities. In connection with hedging strategies, the Adviser may cause the Fund to utilize a variety of financial instruments, including index futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Hedging generally is used to mitigate the risk of particular price movements in one or more securities that the Fund owns or intends to acquire. Hedging instruments on stock indices generally are used to hedge against price movements in broad equity market sectors in which the Fund has invested or expects to invest. Hedging strategies, if successful, can reduce the risk of loss by wholly or partially offsetting the negative effect of unfavorable price movements in the investments being hedged. However, hedging strategies can reduce the opportunity for gain by offsetting the positive effect of favorable price movements in the hedged investments. Further, hedging with an index that does not one hundred percent mirror a portfolio introduces the risk of losing money on the hedge as well as on the underlying position. A hedging position taken at the wrong time could have an adverse impact on the Fund's performance. The Fund's ability to use hedging instruments may be limited by tax considerations. The use of hedging instruments is subject to regulations of the SEC, the several options and futures exchanges upon which they are traded, the NFA and various state regulatory authorities.
F. Leverage Transactions
Leverage involves special risks and may involve speculative investment techniques. Leverage exists when cash made available to the Fund through an investment technique is used to make additional Fund investments. Leverage transactions include borrowing for other than temporary or emergency purposes, lending portfolio securities, entering into repurchase agreements, dollar rolls and purchasing securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis. The Fund use these investment techniques only when the Adviser believes that the leveraging and the returns available to the Fund from investing the cash will provide investors with a potentially higher return.
Senior Securities. Pursuant to Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act, the Fund may not issue any class of senior security or sell any senior security of which it is the issuer, except that the Fund shall be permitted to borrow from any bank so long as immediately after such borrowings, there is an asset coverage of at least 300% and that in the event such asset coverage falls below this percentage, the Fund shall reduce the amount of its borrowings, within 3 days (excluding Sundays and holidays), to an extent that the asset coverage shall be at least 300%.
Borrowing and Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may borrow money from a bank in amounts up to 33⅓% of total assets at the time of borrowing to, among other things, finance the purchase of securities for its portfolio. Entering into reverse repurchase agreements, pledging securities, and purchasing securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward delivery basis are subject to this limitation. A reverse repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund sells securities to a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to repurchase the securities from the bank or dealer at an agreed upon date and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the sold securities. An investment of the Fund's assets in reverse repurchase agreements will increase the volatility of the Fund's NAV. A counterparty to a reverse repurchase agreement must be a primary dealer that reports to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or one of the largest 100 commercial banks in the United States.
Securities Lending and Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may lend portfolio securities in an amount up to 33⅓% of its total assets to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In a portfolio securities lending transaction, the Fund receives from the borrower an amount equal to the interest paid or the dividends declared on the loaned securities during the term of the loan as well as the interest on the collateral securities, less any fees (such as finders or administrative fees) the Fund pays in arranging the loan. The Fund may share the interest it receives on the collateral securities with the
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borrower. The terms of the Fund's loans permit the Fund to reacquire loaned securities on five business days' notice or in time to vote on any important matter. Loans are subject to termination at the option of the Fund or the borrower at any time, and the borrowed securities must be returned when the loan is terminated. The Fund may pay fees to arrange for securities loans.
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements, which are transactions in which the Fund purchases a security and simultaneously agrees to resell that security to the seller at an agreed upon price on an agreed upon future date, normally, one to seven days later. If the Fund enters into a repurchase agreement, it will maintain possession of the purchased securities and any underlying collateral.
Securities loans and repurchase agreements must be continuously collateralized and the collateral must have market value at least equal to the value of the Fund's loaned securities, plus accrued interest or, in the case of repurchase agreements, equal to the repurchase price of the securities, plus accrued interest.
Segregated Assets. The Fund will comply with SEC guidelines with respect to coverage of certain strategies and, if the guidelines require, it will set aside on its books and records, cash, liquid securities and other permissible assets ("Segregated Assets") in a segregated account with the Union Bank, N.A. ("Custodian") in the prescribed amount. The asset value, which is marked to market daily, will be at least equal to the Fund's commitments under these transactions less any proceeds or margin on deposit.
G. Illiquid and Restricted Securities
The term "illiquid securities" means securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the securities. The Fund have a non-fundamental policy pursuant to which it may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities include: (1) repurchase agreements not entitling the holder to payment of principal within seven days; (2) purchased over-the-counter options; (3) securities which are not readily marketable; and (4) except as otherwise determined by the Adviser, securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under the 1933 Act (sometimes called restricted securities).
Rule 144A Securities, which are restricted securities, may be less liquid investments than registered securities because such securities may not be readily marketable in broad public markets. A Rule 144A restricted security carries the risk that the Fund may not be able to sell the security when the portfolio manager considers it desirable to do so or that the Fund may have to sell the security at a lower price than that which would have been available if the security were more liquid. Although there is a substantial market for Rule 144A securities, it is not possible to predict exactly how the market for Rule 144A securities will develop. A restricted security which when purchased was liquid in the institutional markets may subsequently become illiquid.
Limitations on resale may have an adverse effect on the marketability of a security and the Fund also might have to register a restricted security in order to dispose of it, resulting in expense and delay. The Fund might not be able to dispose of restricted or illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying redemption requests. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist for any security at any particular time. Any security, including securities determined by the Adviser to be liquid, can become illiquid.
Determination of Liquidity. The Adviser determines and monitors the liquidity of Fund assets under management, pursuant to guidelines approved by the Board, and reports periodically on its decisions to the Board. The Adviser takes into account a number of factors in reaching liquidity decisions, including but not limited to: (1) the frequency of trades and quotations for the security; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security and the number of other potential buyers; (3) the willingness of broker-dealers to undertake to make a market in the security; and (4) the nature of the marketplace trades, including the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of the transfer.
An institutional market has developed for certain restricted securities. Accordingly, contractual or legal restrictions on the resale of a security may not be indicative of the liquidity of the security. If such securities are eligible for purchase by institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the 1933 Act or other exemptions, the Adviser may determine that the securities are liquid pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Board.
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H. Investment Company Securities, Exchange Traded Funds ("ETFs"), Exchange Traded Products ("ETPs") and Exchange Traded Notes ("ETNs")
The Fund may invest in shares of open-end and closed-end investment companies, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. In addition, The Fund may invest in ETFs (which may, in turn, invest in equities, bonds, and other financial vehicles). An ETF holds a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market segment or index. Some examples of ETFs are SPDRs®, streetTRACKS®, DIAMONDS, NASDAQ 100 Index Tracking Stock ("QQQs") iShares® and VIPERs®. The Fund could purchase an ETF to gain exposure to a portion of the U.S. or foreign market.
The Fund, as a shareholder of another investment company, will bear its pro-rata portion of the other investment company's Advisory fee and other expenses, in addition to its own expenses.
As a shareholder, the Fund must rely on the investment company or ETF to achieve its investment objective. If the investment company or ETF fails to achieve its investment objective, the value of the Fund's investment will decline, adversely affecting the Fund's performance. To the extent that the Fund invests in open-end or closed-end investment companies that invest primarily in the securities of companies located outside the U.S., see the risks related to foreign securities described above.
ETFs. The risks of owning an ETF generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying securities they are designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in it being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities and ETFs have management fees that increase their costs versus the costs of owning the underlying securities directly. In addition, because ETFs are listed on national stock exchanges and are traded like stocks listed on an exchange, ETF shares potentially may trade at a discount or a premium. Investments in ETFs are also subject to brokerage and other trading costs, which could result in greater expenses to the Fund. Finally, because the value of ETF shares depends on the demand in the market, the Adviser may not be able to liquidate the Fund's holdings at the most optimal time, adversely affecting the Fund's performance.
ETPs. The Fund may invest in ETPs. The Fund is subject to the same risks as the underlying ETPs because the risks of owning shares of an underlying ETP generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying instruments the ETP is designed to track. Lack of liquidity in an underlying ETP can result in its value being more volatile than the underlying instruments.
ETNs. The Fund may invest in ETNs, which are structured debt securities. ETNs' liabilities are unsecured general obligations of the issuer. Most ETNs are designed to track a particular market segment or index. ETNs have expenses associated with their operation. When the Fund invests in an ETN, in addition to directly bearing expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear its pro rata portion of the ETN's expenses. The risks of owning an ETN generally reflect the risks of owning the instruments the ETN is designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETN could result in it being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities. In addition, because of ETN expenses, compared to owning the underlying securities directly, it may be more costly to own an ETN. The value of an ETN security also should be expected to fluctuate with the credit rating of the issuer.
I. Natural Resource-Related Investments
The Fund may invest in companies involved in the natural resource sector, as well as securities and other instruments whose value is tied to natural resources. The Fund's investments in natural resources, securities and other instruments whose value is tied to natural resources and securities of companies involved in the natural resources sector (collectively, "natural resources investments") may be affected by natural disasters (such as fires and floods), political events affecting access to a natural resource (such as a military coup in a country with control over the resource), monetary policies and interest rates (including inflationary and deflationary signals), trade imbalances, social and political agendas regarding energy use and conservation, activity in the commodities markets, government regulations (both foreign and domestic) that affect the supply of and/or demand for a natural resource and the public's perception of any and/or all of the above. The profitability and value of the Fund's investments in natural resources investments may, therefore, be affected by the same. Although natural resources may at times experience substantial short-term price fluctuations, they are less subject to company-specific risks than are the equity securities of companies in the natural resources sector; as a result, the prices of natural resources may be less volatile than the equity securities of companies in the natural resources sector. Further, natural resources investments may perform differently than the market as a whole. To the extent that the Fund makes
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natural resources investments, therefore, the Fund may perform differently than the overall market. In addition, the Fund may incur higher custody and transaction costs in connection with investments in natural resources and will not realize any income from such investments.
J. Temporary Defensive Position and Cash Investments
The Fund may assume a temporary defensive position and may invest without limit in money market instruments that are of high quality. High quality money market instruments are those instruments that are rated in one of the two highest short-term rating categories or, if not rated, determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. The Fund also may invest in high quality money market instruments pending investment of cash balances.
Money market instruments usually have maturities of one year or less and fixed rates of return. The money market instruments in which The Fund may invest include U.S. Government Securities, commercial paper, time deposits, bankers acceptances and certificates of deposit issued by domestic banks, corporate notes and short-term bonds and money market mutual funds. The Fund may only invest in money market mutual funds to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.
The money market instruments in which The Fund may invest may have variable or floating rates of interest. These obligations include master demand notes that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement with the issuer of the instrument. The issuer of these obligations often has the right, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the obligations upon a specified number of days' notice. These obligations generally are not traded, nor generally is there an established secondary market for these obligations. To the extent a demand note does not have a 7-day or shorter demand feature and there is no readily available market for the obligation, it is treated as an illiquid security.
K. Master-Feeder
The Fund may seek to achieve its investment objective by converting to a master-feeder structure. A fund operating under a master-feeder structure holds, as its only investment, shares of another investment company having substantially the same investment objective and policies. The Board will not authorize conversion to a master-feeder structure if it would materially increase costs to Fund shareholders. The Board will not convert the Fund to a master-feeder structure without notice to the shareholders.
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The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has adopted the following investment policies which are fundamental policies that may not be changed without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. "A majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund," as defined by the 1940 Act, means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting, if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.
For purposes of the Fund's investment limitations, all percentage limitations apply immediately after an investment. Except with respect to borrowing money, if a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of an investment, a later increase or decrease in the percentage resulting from any change in value or net assets will not result in a violation of such restrictions. In addition, if the value of the Fund's holdings of illiquid securities at any time exceeds the percentage limitation applicable at the time of acquisition (15% of net assets) due to subsequent fluctuations in value or other reasons, the Adviser will consider what actions are appropriate to maintain adequate liquidity, such as an orderly disposition of the illiquid securities, to the extent possible. Further, the Fund continuously monitors its holdings in illiquid securities.
Fundamental Limitations. The Fund has adopted the following investment limitations that cannot be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.
1. The Fund may not borrow money, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.
2. The Fund may not issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.
3. The Fund will not make loans to other persons, except: (a) by loaning portfolio securities; (b) by engaging in repurchase agreements; or (c) by purchasing nonpublicly offered debt securities. For purposes of this limitation, the term "loans" shall not include the purchase of a portion of an issue of publicly distributed bonds, debentures or other securities.
4. The Fund may not engage in the business of underwriting securities except to the extent that the Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act in the acquisition, disposition or resale of its portfolio securities or in connection with investments in other investment companies, or to the extent otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.
5. The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.
6. The Fund may not invest in commodities or commodity contracts, except (1) to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and the Code, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive or interpretive relief, and (2) that the Fund may purchase and sell commodity-linked instruments, such as commodity-linked notes, options, futures, forward contracts, swaps and interests in commodity pools and other entities that purchase and sell commodities and commodity contracts.
7. The Fund will not invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular industry. This limitation is not applicable to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities or repurchase agreements with respect thereto.
With respect to the fundamental policy relating to borrowing money set forth in (1) above, the 1940 Act permits the Fund to borrow money in amounts of up to one-third of the Fund's total assets, at the time of borrowing, from banks for any purpose (the Fund's total assets include the amounts being borrowed). To limit the risks attendant to borrowing, the 1940 Act requires the Fund to maintain at all times an "asset coverage" of at least 300% of the amount of its borrowings (not including borrowings for temporary purposes in an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of the Fund's total assets). Asset coverage means the ratio that the value of the Fund's total assets (including amounts borrowed), minus liabilities other than borrowings, bears to the aggregate amount of all borrowings.
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With respect to the fundamental policy relating to issuing senior securities set forth in (2) above, "senior securities" are defined as fund obligations that have a priority over the Fund's shares with respect to the payment of dividends or the distribution of Fund assets. The 1940 Act prohibits the Fund from issuing any class of senior securities or selling any senior securities of which it is the issuer, except that the fund is permitted to borrow from a bank so long as, immediately after such borrowings, there is an asset coverage of at least 300% for all borrowings of the Fund (not including borrowings for temporary purposes in an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of the Fund's total assets). In the event that such asset coverage falls below this percentage, the Fund is required to reduce the amount of its borrowings within three days (not including Sundays and holidays) so that the asset coverage is restored to at least 300%. The policy in (2) above will be interpreted not to prevent collateral arrangements with respect to swaps, options, forward or futures contracts or other derivatives, or the posting of initial or variation margin.
With respect to the fundamental policy relating to making loans set forth in (3) above, the 1940 Act does not prohibit the Fund from making loans; however, SEC staff interpretations currently prohibit funds from lending more than one-third of their total assets, except through the purchase of debt obligations or the use of repurchase agreements. (A repurchase agreement is an agreement to purchase a security, coupled with an agreement to sell that security back to the original seller on an agreed-upon date at a price that reflects current interest rates. The SEC frequently treats repurchase agreements as loans).
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The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees. The Board is responsible for and oversees the overall management and operations of the Trust and the Fund, which includes the general oversight and review of the Fund's investment activities, in accordance with federal law, Delaware law and the stated policies of the Fund. The Board oversees the Trust's officers and service providers, including the Adviser, who is responsible for the management of the day-to-day operations of the Fund based on policies and agreements reviewed and approved by the Board. In carrying out these responsibilities, the Board regularly interacts with and receives reports from senior personnel of service providers and the Trust's Chief Compliance Officer ("CCO"). The Board also is assisted by the Trust's independent auditor (who reports directly to the Trust's Audit Committee), independent counsel and other experts as appropriate, all of whom are selected by the Board.
The Forum family of funds ("Fund Complex") includes the Trust, Forum Funds and Forum ETF Trust and is overseen by different Boards of Trustees. The Trust's Board oversees its three separate series and another Board oversees Forum Funds and Forum ETF Trust and each of their separate series. The use of separate Boards, each with its own committee structure, allows the trustees of each trust in the Forum family of funds to focus on the unique issues of the funds they oversee, including common research, investment, and operational issues. On occasion, the separate Boards may establish joint committees to address issues of overlapping consequences for the Forum family of funds.
Board Structure and Related Matters. Independent Trustees constitute at least a majority of the Board members. David Tucker, an Independent Trustee, serves as Independent Chair of the Board. The Independent Chair's responsibilities include: setting an agenda for each meeting of the Board; presiding at all meetings of the Board and Independent Trustees; and serving as a liaison with other trustees, the Trust's officers, other management personnel and counsel to the Fund. The Independent Chair also performs such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.
The trustees discharge their responsibilities collectively as a Board, as well as through Board committees, each of which operates pursuant to a charter or procedures approved by the Board that delineates the specific responsibilities of that committee. The Board has established three standing committees: the Audit Committee, the Nominating Committee and the Qualified Legal Compliance Committee. The members and responsibilities of each Board committee are summarized below.
The Board periodically evaluates its structure and composition as well as various aspects of its operations. The Board believes that its leadership structure, including its Independent Chair position and its committees, is appropriate for the Trust in light of, among other factors, the asset size and nature of the Fund, the number of funds overseen by the Board, the arrangements for the conduct of the Fund's operations, the number of trustees and the Board's responsibilities. On an annual basis, the Board conducts a self-evaluation that considers, among other matters, whether the Board and its committees are functioning effectively and whether, given the size and composition of the Board and each of its committees, the trustees are able to oversee effectively the number of funds in the complex.
The Board holds four regularly scheduled in-person meetings each year. The Board may hold special meetings, as needed, either in person or by telephone, to address matters arising between regular meetings. The Independent Trustees also hold at least one in-person meeting each year during a portion of which management is not present and may hold special meetings, as needed, either in person or by telephone.
The trustees are identified in the table below, which provides information as to their principal business occupations held during the last five years and certain other information. Each trustee serves until his death, resignation or removal and replacement. The address for all trustees is c/o Atlantic Fund Services, Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101. John Y. Keffer is considered an interested trustee due to his affiliation with Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC (d/b/a Atlantic Fund Services) ("Atlantic" or the "Administrator").
18
|
Name and Year
of Birth |
Position with
the Trust |
Length of
Time Served |
Principal
Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
Number of
Series in Fund Complex Overseen By Trustee |
Other
Directorships Held By Trustee |
||||||||||||
| Independent Trustees | |||||||||||||||||
|
David Tucker
Born: 1958 |
Chairman of the Board; Trustee; Chairman, Nominating Committee and Qualified Legal Compliance Committee | Since 2012 | Director, Blue Sky Experience, since 2008; Senior Vice President & General Counsel, American Century Companies 1998-2008. | 28 | Trustee, Forum Funds; Trustee, Forum ETF Trust | ||||||||||||
|
Mark D. Moyer
Born: 1959 |
Trustee; Chairman Audit Committee | Since 2012 | Chief Financial Officer, Institute of International Education 2008-2011; Chief Financial Officer and Chief Restructuring Officer, Ziff David Media Inc. 2005-2008; Adjunct Professor of Accounting, Fairfield University since 2011. | 3 | Trustee, Forum ETF Trust | ||||||||||||
|
Jennifer Brown-Strabley
Born: 1964 |
Trustee | Since 2012 | Principal, Portland Global Advisors 1996-2010. | 3 | Trustee, Forum ETF Trust | ||||||||||||
| Interested Trustee | |||||||||||||||||
|
Stacey E. Hong
Born: 1966 |
Trustee | Since 2013 | President, Atlantic since 2008 | 3 | None | ||||||||||||
|
John Y. Keffer
1
Born: 1942 |
Trustee | Since 2011 | Chairman, Atlantic since 2008; President, Forum Foundation (a charitable organization) since 2005; President, Forum Trust, LLC (a non- depository trust company chartered in the State of Maine) since 1997. | 28 | Trustee, Forum Funds; Trustee, Forum ETF Trust; Director, Wintergreen Fund, Inc. | ||||||||||||
1 Atlantic is a subsidiary of Forum Holdings Corp. I, a Delaware corporation that is wholly owned by Mr. Keffer.
In addition to the information set forth in the table above, each trustee possesses certain relevant qualifications, experience, attributes or skills. The following provides additional information about these qualifications and experience.
David Tucker: Mr. Tucker has extensive experience in the investment management industry, including experience in senior management, legal and compliance roles at two large mutual fund complexes; service on various committees of the Investment Company Institute ("ICI"); and director of ICI Mutual (a mutual insurance company sponsored by the investment company industry), including service as chairman of the underwriting, risk and fraud committees of ICI Mutual's board of directors. Mr. Tucker also serves as director of two charitable organizations in the metropolitan Kansas City area.
19
Mark D. Moyer: Mr. Moyer has extensive experience with finance, having served as chief financial officer for an integrated media company and a not-for-profit organization. Mr. Moyer also serves as an adjunct professor of accounting at Fairfield University.
Jennifer Brown-Strabley: Ms. Brown-Strabley has experience in the financial services and investment management industry, including experience in fixed-income sales and quantitative research for hedge funds and as a principal of a registered investment adviser.
Stacey E. Hong: Mr. Hong has experience in auditing as a certified public accountant, and in the financial services industry as the president of a fund service provider specializing in administration, accounting, and transfer agency services for pooled investment products. Mr. Hong serves a principal executive officer, and has served as the principal financial officer, for certain investment companies.
John Y. Keffer: Mr. Keffer has extensive experience in the investment management industry, including organizational experience as chairman and chief executive officer of a fund service provider; and multiple years of service as a trustee. Mr. Keffer also served as a trustee of Monarch Funds from 2003 to 2009 and Core Trust from 1995 to 2006 and continues to serve as an interested trustee of Forum Funds and Forum ETF Trust and an independent director of Wintergreen Fund, Inc., another open-end management investment company.
Risk Oversight. Consistent with its responsibility for oversight of the Trust and the Fund, the Board oversees the management of risks relating to the administration and operation of the Trust and the Fund. The Adviser, as part of its responsibilities for the day-to-day operations of the Fund, is responsible for day-to-day risk management. The Board, in the exercise of its reasonable business judgment, also separately considers potential risks that may impact the Fund. The Board performs this risk management oversight directly and, as to certain matters, through its committees (described below) and through the Independent Trustees. The following provides an overview of the principal, but not all, aspects of the Board's oversight of risk management for the Trust and the Fund.
In general, the Fund's risks include, among others, investment risk, valuation risk, compliance risk and operational risk. The Board has adopted, and periodically reviews, policies and procedures designed to address these and other risks to the Trust and the Fund. In addition, under the general oversight of the Board, the Adviser, and the Subadviser and other service providers have themselves adopted a variety of policies, procedures and controls designed to address particular risks. Different processes, procedures and controls are employed with respect to different types of risks. Further, the Adviser and the Subadvisers oversees and regularly monitors the investments, operations and compliance of the Fund's investments.
The Board also oversees risk management for the Trust and the Fund through review of regular reports, presentations and other information from officers of the Trust and other persons. Senior officers of the Trust, senior officers of the Adviser and the Trust's CCO regularly report to the Board on a range of matters, including those relating to risk management. In this regard, the Board periodically receives reports regarding other service providers to the Trust, either directly or through the CCO. On at least a quarterly basis, the Independent Trustees meet with the CCO to discuss matters relating to the Fund's compliance program. Further, at least annually, the Board receives a report from the CCO regarding the effectiveness of the Fund's compliance program.
The Board receives regular reports from a "Valuation Committee," composed of the Principal Executive Officer, the Principal Financial Officer, the CCO, a senior fund accounting member, a senior representative from the Administrator's regulatory administration group and a representative of the adviser whose Fund(s) present valuation matters. The Valuation Committee operates pursuant to the Trust's Valuation Policy (the "Valuation Policy"), as approved by the Board. The Valuation Committee reports to the Board on the pricing of the Fund's shares and the valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities; recommends, subject to approval by the Board, independent pricing services to provide a value for Fund assets; makes and monitors fair value determinations pursuant to the Valuation Policy and carries out any other functions delegated to it by the Board relating to the valuation of Fund assets.
The Board also regularly receives reports from the Adviser with respect to the investments and securities trading of the Fund. For example, typically, the Board receives reports, presentations and other information from the Adviser on at least an annual basis in connection with the Board's consideration of the renewal of the investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and the Trust on behalf of the Fund (the "Advisory Agreement"). Also, if applicable, the Board receives reports from the Adviser and other service providers in connection with the Board's consideration of the renewal of any distribution plan of the Fund under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Senior officers of the Trust and senior officers
20
of the Adviser also report regularly to the Audit Committee on valuation matters, internal controls and accounting and financial reporting policies and practices. In addition, the Audit Committee receives regular reports from the Trust's independent auditors on internal control and financial reporting matters.
| Trustees |
Dollar Range of Beneficial Ownership
in the Fund as of December 31, 2012¹ |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Ownership as of December 31, 2012 in all Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in the Fund Complex | ||||||
| Independent Trustees | ||||||||
| David Tucker | None | None | ||||||
| Mark D. Moyer | None | None | ||||||
| Jennifer Brown-Strabley | None | None | ||||||
| Interested Trustee | ||||||||
| Stacey E. Hong | None | None | ||||||
| John Y. Keffer | None | None | ||||||
The officers of the Trust conduct and supervise its daily business. As of the date of this SAI, the officers of the Trust, their year of birth and their principal occupations during the past five years are as set forth below. The business address of each officer is c/o Atlantic Fund Services, Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101.
|
Name and Year of
Birth |
Position
with the Trust |
Length of Time
Served |
Principal Occupation(s)
During Past 5 Years |
||||||||
|
Stacey E. Hong
Born: 1966 |
President; Principal Executive Officer | Since 2013 | President, Atlantic since 2008. | ||||||||
|
Karen Shaw
Born: 1972 |
Treasurer; Principal Financial Officer | Since 2013 | Senior Vice President, Atlantic since 2008. | ||||||||
|
David Faherty
Born: 1970 |
Vice President, Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer and Secretary | Since 2013 | Senior Counsel, Atlantic since 2009; Vice President, Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. 2007-2009. | ||||||||
|
Carlyn Edgar
Born: 1963 |
Chief Compliance Officer | Since 2013 | Senior Vice President, Atlantic since 2008. | ||||||||
|
Michael J. McKeen
Born: 1971 |
Vice President | Since 2013 | Senior Vice President, Atlantic since 2008. | ||||||||
|
Geoffrey Ney
Born: 1975 |
Vice President | Since 2013 | Manager, Atlantic since 2013; Senior Fund Accountant, Atlantic, 2008-2013. | ||||||||
|
Todd Proulx
Born: 1978 |
Vice President | Since 2013 | Manager, Atlantic since 2013; Senior Fund Accountant, Atlantic, 2008-2013. |
As of December 1, 2013, no Independent Trustee (or any of his immediate family members) owned beneficially or of record, securities of any Trust investment adviser, its principal underwriter, or any person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with any Trust investment adviser or principal underwriter.
21
Audit Committee. The Trust's Audit Committee, which meets when necessary, consists of Ms. Brown-Strabley and Messrs. Tucker and Moyer. Pursuant to a charter adopted by the Board, the Audit Committee assists the Board in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight of the quality and integrity of the accounting, auditing and financial reporting practices of the Trust. It is directly responsible for the appointment, termination, compensation and oversight of work of the independent auditors to the Trust. In so doing, the Committee reviews the methods, scope and results of the audits and audit fees charged, and reviews the Trust's internal accounting procedures and controls. During the fiscal year ended November 30, 2013, the Audit Committee met two times.
Nominating Committee. The Trust's Nominating Committee, which meets when necessary, consists of Ms. Brown-Strabley and Messrs. Tucker and Moyer. Pursuant to a charter adopted by the Board, the Nominating Committee is charged with the duty of nominating all trustees and committee members and presenting these nominations to the Board. The Nominating Committee will not consider any nominees for trustees recommended by security holders. During the fiscal year ended November 30, 2013, the Nominating Committee did not meet.
Qualified Legal Compliance Committee. The Qualified Legal Compliance Committee (the "QLCC"), which meets when necessary, consists of Ms. Brown-Strabley and Messrs. Tucker, Moyer and Hong. The QLCC evaluates and recommends resolutions to reports from attorneys servicing the Trust regarding evidence of material violations of applicable federal and state law or the breach of fiduciary duties under applicable federal and state law by the Trust or an employee or agent of the Trust. During the fiscal year ended November 30, 2013, the QLCC did not meet.
Independent Trustees of the Trust each receive an annual fee of $5,000 for service to the Trust. The Chairman of the Board is paid an additional annual fee of $15,000. The trustees and Chairman may receive additional fees for special Board meetings. Each trustee is also reimbursed for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with his duties as a trustee, including travel and related expenses incurred in attending Board meetings. The Trust has no pension or retirement plan. No other entity affiliated with the Trust pays any compensation to the trustees.
The following table sets forth the fees estimated to be paid to each trustee by the Fund and the Trust for the fiscal year ending November 30, 2014.
| Trustee |
Aggregate
Compensation from the Fund |
Pension or Retirement
Benefits Accrued as part of Fund Expenses |
Total
Compensation from Fund Complex |
||||||||
| David Tucker | $1,800 | N/A | $77,500 | ||||||||
| Mark D. Moyer | $600 | N/A | $10,000 | ||||||||
| Jennifer Brown-Strabley | $600 | N/A | $10,000 | ||||||||
| Stacey E. Hong | $0 | N/A | $0 | ||||||||
| John Y. Keffer | $0 | N/A | $0 |
Services of Adviser . The Adviser serves as investment adviser to the Fund pursuant to the Advisory Agreement. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser furnishes, at its own expense, all services, facilities, and personnel necessary in connection with managing the Fund's investments and effecting portfolio transactions for the Fund. The Adviser may compensate brokers or other service providers ("Financial Intermediaries") out of its own assets, and not as additional charges to the Fund, in connection with the sale and distribution of shares of the Fund and/or servicing of these shares.
Ownership of Adviser and the Subadviser. The Adviser is a Delaware limited liability company. Peter Higgins and William Monaghan are the sole Managing Members and owners of the Adviser. SSARIS Advisors, LLC, the Subadviser, is controlled by State Street Global Alliance II, LLC, a majority-owned indirect subsidiary of State Street Corporation, a provider of financial services to institutional investors.
22
Information Concerning Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers. As of the date of this SAI Peter Higgins, manages no other accounts; the CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund to which he is co-portfolio manager, had not commenced operations. As of the date of this SAI William Monaghan, manages no other accounts; the CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund to which he is co-portfolio manager, had not commenced operations.
Conflicts of Interest. Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one fund or other account. More specifically, portfolio managers who manage multiple funds and/or other accounts may be presented with the following conflicts:
The management of multiple client accounts may result in a portfolio manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of the Fund. The Adviser may seek to manage such competing interests for the time and attention of the portfolio managers by having the portfolio managers focus on a particular investment discipline.
If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity which may be suitable for more than one account, the Fund may be unable to take full advantage of that opportunity due to an allocation of filled purchase or sale orders across all eligible accounts. To deal with these situations, the Adviser has adopted procedures for allocating portfolio transactions across multiple accounts.
With respect to securities transactions for the Fund, the Adviser determines which broker to use to execute each order, consistent with its duty to seek best execution of the transaction. However, with respect to certain other accounts (such as other pooled investment vehicles that are not registered mutual funds and other accounts managed for organizations and individuals), the Adviser may be limited by the client with respect to the selection of brokers or may be instructed to direct trades through a particular broker. In these cases, the Adviser may place separate, non-simultaneous transactions for the Fund and another account which may temporarily affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment of the Fund or the other account.
Finally, the appearance of a conflict of interest may arise if the Adviser has an incentive, such as a performance-based management fee, which relates to the management of one fund or account but not all funds and accounts with respect to which a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities.
The Adviser has adopted certain compliance procedures, which are designed to address these types of conflicts. The Adviser has developed and implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure that all clients are treated equitably. In addition, compliance oversight and monitoring ensures adherence to policies designed to avoid conflicts. The Adviser's polices and procedures address trade aggregation and allocation. Typically when aggregating trades across funds and/or other accounts, the size of the trade for each fund and/or other account is determined by proportional size of the fund and/or other account and such determination is made pre-trade. Moreover, in aggregated trades each fund and/or other account receives the average share price and transaction costs are shared on a pro-rata basis. Additionally, given the nature of the Adviser's investment process and its Fund and/or other accounts, the Adviser's investment management team services are typically applied collectively to the management of all the Funds and/or other accounts following the same strategy.
Compensation of the Adviser's portfolio management team is not based upon performance of the Fund managed by the Adviser. Fund performance is not a factor in compensation as it might encourage investment decisions deviating from the Fund's mandate. To mitigate the potential for conflict to have a team member favor one Fund over another Fund and/or other account, the Adviser has established procedures, including policies to monitor trading and best execution for all funds and/or other accounts.
There is no guarantee that such procedures will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.
Information Concerning Compensation of Portfolio Managers . As co-owners of the Adviser, compensation to Mr. Monaghan and Mr. Higgins for their services to the Fund will be allocated out of the Adviser's income, which is net revenue minus the Adviser's expenses. Mr. Monaghan and Mr. Higgins will not receive a performance fee for their services to the Fund. Mr. Monaghan and Mr. Higgins currently do not advise other advisory client accounts and, as a result, do not receive compensation for other advisory services.
23
As of the date of this SAI, the CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund has not commenced operations.
Portfolio Manager Ownership in the Fund. The Fund has not yet commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, the Fund's portfolio managers do not own any shares of the Fund.
Fees. The Adviser receives an advisory fee from the Fund at an annual rate equal to 1.10% of the Fund's average annual daily net assets under the terms of the Advisory Agreement. The advisory fee, if not waived, is accrued daily and paid monthly by the Fund and is assessed based on the daily net assets of the Fund.
In addition to receiving its advisory fee from the Fund, the Adviser may also act and be compensated as investment manager for its clients with respect to assets that the clients have invested in the Fund. If you have a separately managed account with the Adviser with assets invested in the Fund, the Adviser will credit an amount equal to all or a portion of the fees received by the Adviser against any investment management fee received from a shareholder.
The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fee and/or reimburse Fund expenses to limit Total Annual Operating Expenses (excluding all taxes, interest, portfolio transaction expenses, proxy expenses and extraordinary expenses) of Institutional Shares and Investor Shares of the Fund to 1.65% and 1.90%, respectively, of the Fund's average daily net assets through March 31, 2015 ("Expense Cap"). The Expense Cap may only be raised or eliminated with the consent of the Board.
The Adviser has entered into a subadvisory agreement with the Subadviser to manage a portion of the Fund's assets. The fee payable to the Subadviser is equal to 1.00% of average annual daily net assets managed by the Subadviser of the Fund's first $100 million, 1.50% of average annual daily net assets managed by the Subadviser for the next $100 million of Fund assets and 1.00% of average annual daily net assets managed by the Subadviser for the next $300 million of Fund assets. If the Fund's assets are greater than $500 million, the Adviser and the Subadviser may renegotiate the terms of the subadvisory agreement.
The Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, advisory fee data is not provided.
Advisory Agreement. The Fund's Advisory Agreement remains in effect for a period of two years from the date of its effectiveness, and thereafter the Advisory Agreement must be approved at least annually by the Board or by majority vote of the shareholders, and in either case by a majority of the trustees who are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or interested persons of any such party (other than as trustees of the Trust).
The Advisory Agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust with respect to the Fund on 60 days' written notice when authorized either by vote of the Fund's shareholders or by a majority vote of the Board, or by the Adviser on 60 days' written notice to the Trust. The Advisory Agreement terminates immediately upon assignment.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser is not liable for any mistake of judgment, mistake of law, or act or omission, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Advisory Agreement.
Distribution Services. Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the "Distributor") has been the distributor (also known as principal underwriter) of the shares of the Fund since it reorganized as a separate series of the Trust and is located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101. The Distributor is a registered broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA").
Under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust dated June 27, 2013, the Distributor acts as the agent of the Trust in connection with the continuous offering of shares of the Fund. The Distributor continually distributes shares of the Fund on a best efforts basis. The Distributor has no obligation to sell any specific quantity of Fund shares. The Distributor and its officers have no role in determining the investment policies or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust.
The Distributor may enter into agreements with selected broker-dealers, banks or other financial intermediaries for distribution of shares of the Fund. With respect to certain financial intermediaries and related fund "supermarket" platform arrangements, the Fund and/or the Adviser, rather than the Distributor, typically enter into such agreements.
24
These financial intermediaries may charge a fee for their services and may receive shareholder service or other fees from parties other than the Distributor. These financial intermediaries may otherwise act as processing agents and are responsible for promptly transmitting purchase, redemption and other requests to the Fund.
Investors who purchase shares through financial intermediaries will be subject to the procedures of those intermediaries through which they purchase shares, which may include charges, investment minimums, cutoff times and other restrictions in addition to, or different from, those listed herein. Information concerning any charges or services will be provided to customers by the financial intermediary through which they purchase shares. Investors purchasing shares of the Fund through financial intermediaries should acquaint themselves with their financial intermediary's procedures and should read the Prospectus in conjunction with any materials and information provided by their financial intermediary. The financial intermediary, and not its customers, will be the shareholder of record, although customers may have the right to vote shares depending upon their arrangement with the intermediary. The Distributor does not receive compensation from the Fund for its distribution services. The Adviser pays the Distributor a fee for certain distribution-related services.
Distribution Plan (Investor Shares). The Trust, including a majority of Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Rule 12b-1 plan, has adopted a Rule 12b-1 plan under which the Fund is authorized to pay to the Distributor and any other entity authorized by the Board, including the Adviser (collectively, "payees"), a fee equal to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Fund's Investor Shares for distribution services and/or the servicing of shareholder accounts. The payees may pay any or all amounts received under the Rule 12b-1 plan to other persons for any distribution or service activity conducted on behalf of the Fund. The Rule 12b-1 plan is a core component of the ongoing distribution of the Fund's Investor Shares. Pursuant to an agreement between the Distributor and the Adviser, the Distributor may reimburse certain distribution-related and/or shareholder servicing expenses incurred by the Adviser.
The Rule 12b-1 plan provides that the payees may incur expenses for distribution and service activities including, but not limited to: (1) any sales, marketing and other activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Fund shares and (2) providing services to holders of shares related to their investment in the Fund, including, without limitation, providing assistance in connection with responding to shareholder inquiries regarding the Fund's investment objective, policies and other operational features and inquiries regarding shareholder accounts. Expenses for such activities include compensation to employees and expenses, including overhead and telephone and other communication expenses, of a payee who engages in or supports the distribution of Fund shares or who provides shareholder servicing such as responding to shareholder inquiries regarding the Fund's operations; the incremental costs of printing (excluding typesetting) and distributing prospectuses, statements of additional information, annual reports and other periodic reports for use in connection with the offering or sale of Fund shares to any prospective investors; and the costs of preparing, printing and distributing sales literature and advertising materials used by the Distributor, the Adviser or others in connection with the offering of Fund shares for sale to the public.
The Rule 12b-1 plan requires the payees to prepare and submit to the Board, at least quarterly, and the Board to review, written reports setting forth all amounts expended under the Rule 12b-1 plan and identifying the activities for which those expenditures were made. The Rule 12b-1 plan obligates the Fund to compensate payees for services and not to reimburse them for expenses incurred.
The Rule 12b-1 plan provides that it will remain in effect for one year from the date of its adoption and thereafter shall continue in effect provided it is approved at least annually by the shareholders or by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees. The Rule 12b-1 plan further provides that it may not be amended to materially increase the costs which the Trust bears for distribution/shareholder servicing pursuant to the Rule 12b-1 plan without approval by shareholders of Investor Shares and that other material amendments of the Rule 12b-1 plan must be approved by the Independent Trustees. The Rule 12b-1 plan may be terminated with respect to the Fund's Investor Shares at any time by the Board, by a majority of the Independent Trustees or by shareholders of the Fund's Investor Shares.
The Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, the fees payable by the Fund to the Distributor or its agents under the plan for Investor Shares, the amount of fees waived by the Distributor or its agents and the actual fees received by the Distributor and its agents under the plan are not provided.
25
Administrator, Fund Accountant, Transfer Agent, and Compliance Services. Atlantic and its subsidiaries provide administration, compliance, fund accounting and transfer agency services to the Fund. Atlantic is a subsidiary of Forum Holdings Corp I. John Y. Keffer, a trustee, is the Chairman of Atlantic and is also the founder and owner of Forum Holdings Corp. I, the parent entity of Atlantic.
Pursuant to the Atlantic Services Agreement (the "Services Agreement"), the Fund pays Atlantic a bundled fee for administration, compliance, fund accounting and transfer agency services. The Fund also pays Atlantic certain surcharges and shareholder account fees. The fee is accrued daily by the Fund and is paid monthly based on the average net assets, transactions and positions for the prior month.
The Services Agreement continues in effect until terminated, so long as its continuance is specifically approved or ratified with such frequency and in such manner as required by applicable law. After an initial three-year term, the Services Agreement is terminable with or without cause and without penalty by the Trust or by the administrator on 120 days' written notice to the other party. The Services Agreement is also terminable for cause by the non-breaching party on at least 60 days' written notice to the other party, provided that such party has not cured the breach within that notice period. Under the Services Agreement, Atlantic is not liable to the Fund or the Fund's shareholders for any act or omission, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Services Agreement. The Services Agreement also provides that Atlantic will not be liable to a shareholder for any loss incurred due to a NAV difference if such difference is less than or equal to 0.5% or less than or equal to $25.00. In addition, Atlantic is not liable for the errors of others, including the companies that supply security prices to Atlantic and the Fund.
As administrator, Atlantic administers the Fund's operations except those that are the responsibility of any other service provider hired by the Trust, all in such manner and to such extent as may be authorized by the Board. The administrator's responsibilities include, but are not limited to: (1) overseeing the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Fund by others, including its custodian, transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent as well as legal, auditing, shareholder servicing and other services performed for the Fund; (2) preparing for filing and filing certain regulatory filings (i.e., registration statements and shareholder reports) subject to Trust counsel and/or independent auditor oversight; (3) overseeing the preparation and filing of the Fund's tax returns, the preparation of financial statements and related reports to the Fund's shareholders, the SEC and state and other securities administrators; (4) providing the Fund with adequate general office space and facilities and providing persons suitable to the Board to serve as officers of the Trust; (5) assisting the Adviser in monitoring Fund holdings for compliance with prospectus investment restrictions and assisting in preparation of periodic compliance reports; and (6) with the cooperation of the Adviser, the officers of the Trust and other relevant parties, preparing and disseminating materials for meetings of the Board.
Atlantic provides a Principal Executive Officer, a Principal Financial Officer, a CCO, and an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer to the Fund, as well as certain additional compliance support functions.
Atlantic Shareholder Services, LLC (the "Transfer Agent") serves as transfer agent and distribution paying agent for the Fund. Atlantic is registered as a transfer agent with the SEC. The Transfer Agent maintains an account for each shareholder of record of the Fund and is responsible for processing purchase and redemption requests and paying distributions to shareholders of record.
As fund accountant, Atlantic provides fund accounting services to the Fund. These services include calculating the NAV of each Fund class.
The Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, fee data for the aforementioned services are not provided.
Custodian. Union Bank, N.A. is the "Custodian" for the Fund and safeguards and controls the Fund's cash and securities, determines income and collects interest on Fund investments. The Custodian may employ subcustodians to provide custody of the Fund's domestic and foreign assets. The Custodian is located at 350 California Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, California 94104.
Legal Counsel. Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP, 1250 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500, Washington, DC 20036-2652, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.
26
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. BBD, LLP ("BBD"), 1835 Market Street, 26th Floor, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, is the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund, providing audit and tax services. BBD audits the annual financial statements of the Fund and provides the Fund with an audit opinion. BBD also reviews certain regulatory filings of the Fund.
27
Purchases and sales of portfolio securities that are fixed-income securities (for instance, money market instruments and bonds, notes and bills) usually are principal transactions. In a principal transaction, the party from which the Fund purchases or to which the Fund sells is acting on its own behalf (and not as the agent of some other party such as its customers). These securities normally are purchased directly from the issuer or from an underwriter or market maker for the securities. There usually are no brokerage commissions paid for these securities.
Purchases and sales of portfolio securities that are equity securities (for instance, common stock and preferred stock) are generally effected if: (1) the security is traded on an exchange, through brokers that charge commissions; and (2) the security is traded in the over-the-counter markets, in a principal transaction directly from a market maker. In transactions on stock exchanges, commissions are negotiated.
When transactions are executed in an over-the-counter market, the Adviser or the Subadviser will seek to deal with the primary market makers, but when necessary in order to obtain best execution, the Adviser or the Subadviser will utilize the services of others.
The price of securities purchased from underwriters includes a disclosed fixed commission or concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter, and prices of securities purchased from dealers serving as market makers reflects the spread between the bid and asked price.
In the case of fixed-income and equity securities traded in the over-the-counter markets, there is generally no stated commission, but the price usually includes an undisclosed commission, markup or markdown.
The Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, no brokerage commissions were paid by the Fund during the previous three fiscal years.
The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of securities with broker-dealers selected by and at the discretion of the Adviser. The Fund does not have any obligation to deal with a specific broker or dealer in the execution of portfolio transactions. Allocations of transactions to brokers and dealers and the frequency of transactions are determined by the Adviser in its best judgment and in a manner deemed to be in the best interest of the Fund rather than by any formula.
The Adviser seeks "best execution" for all portfolio transactions. This means that the Adviser seeks the most favorable price and execution available. The Fund may not always pay the lowest commission or spread available. Rather, in determining the amount of commissions (including certain dealer spreads) paid in connection with securities transactions, the Adviser takes into account factors such as size of the order, difficulty of execution, efficiency of the executing broker's facilities (including the research services described below) and any risk assumed by the executing broker. The Adviser may also utilize a broker and pay a higher commission if, for example, the broker has specific expertise in a particular type of transaction (due to factors such as size or difficulty), or it is efficient in trade execution.
The Adviser may also give consideration to research services furnished by brokers to the Adviser. The Adviser may cause the Fund to pay these brokers a higher amount of commission than may be charged by other brokers. This research may include reports that are common in the industry such as industry research reports and periodicals, quotation systems, software for portfolio management and formal databases. Typically, the research will be used to service the Adviser's accounts, and therefore the commission dollars spent for research benefit the Adviser's clients and the Fund's investors, although a particular client may not benefit from all the research received on each occasion. The Adviser's fees are not reduced by reason of the Adviser's receipt of research services.
The Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, the Fund did not direct brokerage to any broker for research services provided to the Fund during the fiscal year.
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The Adviser or the Subadviser monitors the creditworthiness of counterparties to the Fund's transactions and intends to enter into a transaction only when it believes that the counterparty presents appropriate credit risks.
The Adviser or the Subadviser may effect brokerage transactions through affiliates of the Adviser or the Subadviser (or affiliates of those persons) pursuant to procedures adopted by the Trust.
Investment decisions are the product of many factors, including basic suitability for the particular client involved. Likewise, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain clients even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more clients are selling the security. In some instances, with required consents, one client may sell a particular security to another client. In addition, two or more clients may simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, in which event each day's transactions in such security are, insofar as is possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such clients in a manner which, in the Adviser's or the Subadviser's opinion, is in the best interest of the affected accounts and is equitable to each and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each. There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of a portfolio security for one client could have an adverse effect on another client that has a position in that security. In addition, when purchases or sales of the same security for the Fund and other client accounts managed by the Adviser or the Subadviser occur contemporaneously, the purchase or sale orders may be aggregated in order to obtain any price advantages available to large denomination purchases or sales.
The frequency of portfolio transactions of the Fund (the portfolio turnover rate) will vary from year to year depending on many factors. From time to time, the Fund may engage in active short-term trading to take advantage of price movements affecting individual issues, groups of issues or markets. An annual portfolio turnover rate of 100% would occur if all the securities in the Fund were replaced once in a period of one year. Higher portfolio turnover rates may result in increased brokerage costs to the Fund and a possible increase in short-term capital gains (taxable to shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them) or losses.
Portfolio turnover rate is defined under the rules of the SEC as the value of the securities purchased or securities sold, excluding all securities whose maturities at time of acquisition were one year or less, divided by the average monthly value of such securities owned during the year. Based on this definition, instruments with remaining maturities of less than one year, including options and futures contracts in which the Fund invests, are excluded from the calculation of portfolio turnover rate.
From time to time the Fund may acquire and hold securities issued by its "regular brokers and dealers" or the parents of those brokers and dealers. For this purpose, regular brokers and dealers are the ten brokers or dealers that: (1) received the greatest amount of brokerage commissions during the Fund's last fiscal year; (2) engaged in the largest amount of principal transactions for portfolio transactions of the Fund during the Fund's last fiscal year; or (3) sold the largest amount of the Fund's shares during the Fund's last fiscal year.
The Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI. Accordingly, data regarding the Fund's regular broker-dealers is not included.
Portfolio holdings as of the end of the Fund's annual and semi-annual fiscal periods are reported to the SEC on Form N-CSR within 10 days of the mailing of the annual or semi-annual report (typically no later than 70 days after the end of each period). Portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters are reported to the SEC on Form N-Q within 60 days after the end of such period. You may request a copy of the Fund's latest semi-annual report to
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shareholders or a copy of the Fund's latest Form N-Q which contains the Fund's portfolio holdings by contacting the Transfer Agent at the address or phone number listed on the cover of this SAI. You may also obtain a copy of the Fund's latest Form N-CSR and Form N-Q by accessing the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
The Fund's nonpublic portfolio holdings information is received by certain service providers in advance of public release in the course of performing or enabling them to perform the contractual or fiduciary duties necessary for the Fund's operations that the Fund has retained them to perform so long as the disclosure is subject to duties of confidentiality imposed by law and/ or contract as determined by the Fund's officers and, if applicable, the Board. The Fund's portfolio holdings are available in real-time on a daily basis to the Adviser, the Administrator and the Custodian. In addition, the Distributor, the independent auditors, proxy voting services, mailing services, and financial printers may have access, but not on a daily real-time basis, to the Fund's nonpublic portfolio holdings information on an ongoing basis. The trustees, Trust's officers, legal counsel to the Trust and to the Independent Trustees, and the Fund's independent registered public accounting firm may receive such information on an as needed basis. Disclosure of portfolio holdings to these entities is subject to the officer determination and Board reporting requirements discussed in the next paragraph.
From time to time, nonpublic information regarding the Fund's portfolio holdings may also be disclosed to certain mutual fund consultants, analysts and rating/ranking entities, or other entities or persons ("Recipients") that have a legitimate business purpose in receiving such information. Any disclosure of information more current than the latest publicly available portfolio holdings information will be made only if a Trust officer ( i.e. , the President or the Treasurer) determines that: (1) the more current information is necessary for a Recipient to complete a specified task; (2) the Fund has legitimate business purposes for disclosing the information; and (3) the disclosure is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. Any Recipient, other than a ratings or ranking organization, receiving such information shall agree in writing to: (1) keep the information confidential; (2) use it only for agreed-upon purposes; and (3) not trade or advise others to trade securities, including shares of the Fund, on the basis of the information. Such confidentiality agreements entered into for the receipt of nonpublic information shall also provide, among other things, that the Recipient: (1) will limit access to the information to its employees and agents who are obligated to keep and treat such information as confidential; (2) assume responsibility for any breach of the terms of the confidentiality agreement by its employees; and (3) upon request from the Trust, will return or promptly destroy the information. Any Recipient that is a ratings or ranking organization receiving such information must have in place control mechanisms to reasonably ensure or otherwise agree that: (1) the holdings information will be kept confidential; (2) no employee shall use the information to effect trading or for their personal benefit; and (3) the nature and type of information that any employee, in turn, may disclose to third-parties is limited. The Trust officer shall report to the Board at its next regularly scheduled Board meeting the entering into of an agreement with a Recipient for the disclosure of nonpublic portfolio holdings information and shall include in the report the Trust officer's reasons for determining to permit such disclosure.
The Adviser and Subadviser may provide investment management for accounts of clients other than the Fund, which may result in some of those accounts having a composition substantially similar to that of the Fund. The Adviser, Subadviser and their affiliates may provide regular information to clients and others regarding the holdings in accounts that it manages, but no information is provided to clients or others that identifies the actual composition of the Fund's holdings, specifies the amount of the Fund's assets invested in a security, or specifies the extent of any such similarities among accounts managed by the Adviser.
No compensation is received by the Fund, nor, to the Fund's knowledge, paid to its Adviser or any other party in connection with the disclosure of the Fund's portfolio holdings. The codes of ethics of the Trust and the Adviser are intended to address, among other things, potential conflicts of interest arising from the misuse of information concerning the Fund's portfolio holdings. In addition, the Fund's service providers may be subject to confidentiality provisions contained within their service agreements, codes of ethics, professional codes, or other similar policies that address conflicts of interest arising from the misuse of such information.
The Fund's portfolio holdings disclosure policy is subject to review by the Fund's CCO who will report the results of such review at least annually to the Board. Any identified conflict between the interests of shareholders and those of another party resulting from the disclosure of nonpublic portfolio holdings information will be reported to the Board for appropriate action.
There is no assurance that the Fund's portfolio holdings disclosure policy will protect the Fund against potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.
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You may effect purchases or redemptions or request any shareholder privilege by contacting the Transfer Agent.
The Fund accepts orders for the purchase or redemption of shares of the Fund on any weekday except days when the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is closed. Under unusual circumstances, the Fund may accept orders when the NYSE is closed if deemed appropriate by the Trust's officers.
The shares of the Fund may not be available for sale in the state in which you reside. Please check with your investment professional to determine the Fund's availability.
Shares of each class of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis by the Distributor.
The Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase request.
Fund shares are normally issued for cash only. In the Adviser's discretion, however, the Fund may accept portfolio securities that meet the investment objective and policies of the Fund as payment for Fund shares. The Fund will only accept securities that: (1) are not restricted as to transfer by law and are not illiquid; and (2) have a value that is readily ascertainable (and not established only by valuation procedures).
IRAs. All contributions into an individual retirement account ("IRA") through the automatic investing service are treated as IRA contributions made during the year the contribution is received.
UGMAs/UTMAs. If the custodian's name is not in the account registration of a gift or transfer to minor ("UGMA/UTMA") account, the custodian must provide instructions in a manner indicating custodial capacity.
You may redeem Fund shares at NAV.
The Fund may redeem shares involuntarily: (1) to reimburse the Fund for any loss sustained by reason of the failure of a shareholder to make full payment for shares purchased by the shareholder; or (2) to collect any charge relating to transactions effected for the benefit of a shareholder that is applicable to the Fund's shares as provided in the Prospectus.
Suspension of Right of Redemption. The right of redemption may not be suspended, except for any period during which: (1) the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings) or during which the SEC determines that trading thereon is restricted; (2) an emergency (as determined by the SEC) exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of its securities is not reasonably practicable or as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or (3) the SEC has entered a suspension order for the protection of the shareholders of the Fund.
Redemption in Kind. Redemption proceeds normally are paid in cash. If deemed appropriate and advisable by the Adviser, the Fund may satisfy a redemption request from a shareholder by distributing portfolio securities pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. The Trust has filed an election with the SEC pursuant to which the Fund may effect a redemption in portfolio securities only if the particular shareholder is redeeming more than $250,000 or 1% of the Fund's total net assets, whichever is less, during any 90-day period.
NAV Determination. In determining the NAV of the Fund class, securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued at current market value using the valuation price provided by an independent pricing service. If no sales price is reported, the mean of the last bid and ask price is used. If market quotations are not readily available, then securities are valued at fair value as determined by the Board (or its delegate).
Distributions. Distributions of net investment income will be reinvested at the NAV of the applicable class (unless you elect to receive distributions in cash) as of the last day of the period with respect to which the distribution is paid.
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Distributions of net realized capital gains will be reinvested at the NAV of the applicable class (unless you elect to receive distributions in cash) on the payment date for the distribution. Cash payments may be made more than seven days following the date on which distributions would otherwise be reinvested.
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The tax information set forth in the Prospectus and in this section relates solely to federal tax law and assumes that the Fund qualifies for treatment as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under that law (as discussed below). This information is only a summary of certain key federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund and its shareholders and is in addition to the information provided in the Prospectus. No attempt has been made to present a complete explanation of the federal tax treatment of the Fund or the tax implications to shareholders. The discussions here and in the Prospectus are not intended as substitutes for careful tax planning.
This "Taxation" section is based on the Code, the regulations thereunder, and IRS interpretations and similar authority on which the Fund may rely, all as in effect on the date hereof, as well as on court decisions through that date. Future legislative, regulatory or administrative changes or court decisions may significantly change the tax rules applicable to the Fund and its shareholders. Any of these changes or court decisions may have a retroactive effect.
Each investor should consult their own tax advisor as to the federal, state, local, and foreign tax provisions applicable to them.
The Fund has elected and intends to qualify, or, if newly organized, intends to elect and qualify, for each taxable year as a RIC under the Code. This qualification does not involve governmental supervision of management or investment practices or policies of the Fund.
The taxable year-end of the Fund is November 30, which is the same as the Fund's fiscal year-end.
Meaning of Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company. As a RIC, the Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on the portion of its investment company taxable income (generally, interest, dividends, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, net gains and losses from certain foreign currency transactions and other ordinary income, net of expenses) and net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) that it distributes to shareholders. To qualify to be taxed as a RIC for a taxable year, the Fund must satisfy the following requirements, among others:
The Fund must distribute an amount equal to the sum of at least 90% of its investment company taxable income for the taxable year ("Distribution Requirement"). Certain distributions made by the Fund after the close of its taxable year are considered distributions attributable to that taxable year for purposes of satisfying this requirement.
The Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income for the taxable year from (1) dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived from its business of investing in securities or those currencies and (2) net income from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership ("QPTP") ("Gross Income Requirement"). A QPTP is defined as a "publicly traded partnership" (generally, a partnership the interests in which are "traded on an established securities market" or are "readily tradable on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof)") that derives less than 90% of its gross income from income described in clause (1).
The Fund must satisfy the following asset diversification requirements ("Diversification Requirements") at the close of each quarter of the taxable year: (1) at least 50% of the value of its total assets must consist of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and securities of other issuers, with these other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund's total assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the issuer's outstanding voting securities (equity securities of a QPTP being considered voting securities for these purposes); and (2) no more than 25% of the value of its total assets may be invested in (a) the securities of any one issuer (other than government securities and securities of other RICs), (b) the securities (other than securities of other RICs) of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or (c) the securities of one or more QPTPs.
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In some circumstances, the character and timing of income realized by the Fund for purposes of the Gross Income Requirement or the identification of the issuer for purposes of the Diversification Requirements is uncertain under current law with respect to a particular investment, and an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to such type of investment may adversely affect the Fund's ability to satisfy these requirements. See, "Certain Tax Rules Applicable to Fund Transactions" below with respect to the application of these requirements to certain types of investments. In other circumstances, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio holdings in order to meet the Gross Income Requirement, Distribution Requirement, or Asset Diversification Requirements, which may have a negative impact on the Fund's income and performance.
Failure to Qualify. If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify for treatment as a RIC, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders, and the dividends would be taxable to the shareholders as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund's current and accumulated earnings and profits (except that, for individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders, the part thereof that is "qualified dividend income" (as described below) would be subject to federal income tax at the rates for net capital gain - a maximum of 15% for a single shareholder with taxable income not exceeding $400,000 ($450,000 for married shareholders filing jointly) and 20% for those shareholders with taxable income exceeding those respective amounts, and those dividends would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction available to corporations under certain circumstances). Furthermore, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions before requalifying for RIC treatment.
Failure to qualify for treatment as a RIC would thus have a negative impact on the Fund's after-tax performance. It is possible that the Fund will not qualify as a RIC in any given taxable year.
If the Fund fails to satisfy the Gross Income Requirement for any taxable year, it nevertheless will be considered to have satisfied that requirement for that year if, among other things, the failure "is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect" and the Fund pays a tax in an amount equal to the excess of its gross income that is not qualifying income for purposes of that requirement over ¹/ 9 of its gross income that is such qualifying income.
If the Fund fails to satisfy either Diversification Requirement at the close of any quarter of its taxable year by reason of a discrepancy existing immediately after its acquisition of any security that is wholly or partly the result of that acquisition during that quarter, it will not lose its status for that quarter as a RIC if the discrepancy is eliminated within 30 days after the quarter's close. If the Fund fails to satisfy either of the Diversification Requirements (other than a "de minimis" failure, as defined in the Code) for a quarter and the preceding sentence does not apply, it nevertheless will be considered to have satisfied those requirements for that quarter if, among other things, the failure "is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect" and the Fund disposes of the assets that caused the failure within six months after the last day of the quarter in which it identifies the failure in the manner to be prescribed by the IRS; in that case, the Fund will also be liable for a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the amount determined by multiplying the net income generated by those assets for the period from the date the failure occurs to the date of disposition thereof by the highest rate of tax applicable to corporations (currently 35%).
Portfolio Turnover. For investors that hold their Fund shares in a taxable account, a high portfolio turnover rate may result in higher taxes. This is because a fund with a high turnover rate is likely to accelerate the recognition of capital gains and more of such gains are likely to be taxable as short-term rather than long-term capital gains in contrast to a comparable fund with a low turnover rate. Any such higher taxes would reduce the Fund's after-tax performance.
Deferral of Late Year Losses. The Fund may elect to treat part or all of any "qualified late year loss" as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund's taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The effect of this election is to treat any such "qualified late year loss" as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in characterizing Fund distributions for any calendar year. A "qualified late year loss" includes:
any net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year ("post-October losses"), and
the excess, if any, of (1) the sum of (a) specified losses incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and (b) other ordinary losses incurred after December 31 of the current taxable year, over (2) the sum of (a) specified gains incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and (b) other ordinary gains incurred after December 31 of the current taxable year.
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The terms "specified losses" and "specified gains" mean ordinary losses and gains from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of property (including the termination of a position with respect to such property), foreign currency losses and gains, and losses and gains resulting from holding stock in a passive foreign investment company ("PFIC") for which a mark-to-market election is in effect. The terms "ordinary losses" and "ordinary gains" mean other ordinary losses and gains that are not described in the preceding sentence.
Undistributed Capital Gains. The Fund may retain or distribute to shareholders its net capital gain for each taxable year. The Fund currently intends to distribute net capital gains. If the Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the highest corporate tax rate (currently 35%). If the Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
The Fund anticipates distributing substantially all of its investment company taxable income for each taxable year. These distributions generally will be taxable to a shareholder as ordinary income.
A portion of the Fund's distributions may be treated as "qualified dividend income," taxable to individuals and certain other non-corporate shareholders at maximum federal tax rates of 15% for a single shareholder with taxable income not exceeding $400,000 ($450,000 for married shareholders filing jointly) and 20% for those shareholders with taxable income exceeding those respective amounts. A distribution is treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder to the extent that (1) the Fund receives dividend income from taxable domestic corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations, provided that holding period and certain other requirements are met, and (2) the shareholder meets those requirements with respect to Fund shares on which the distribution is paid. To the extent that the Fund's distributions are attributable to other sources, such as interest or capital gains, the distributions will not be treated as qualified dividend income. The Fund's distributions of dividends that it receives from real estate investment trusts generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
The Fund anticipates distributing substantially all of its net capital gain (after reduction for any capital loss carryovers, i.e., unutilized capital losses from prior taxable years) for each taxable year. These distributions generally will be made only once a year, usually in December, but the Fund may make additional distributions of net capital gain at any time during the year. These distributions will be taxable to a shareholder as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long the shares have been held. These distributions will not qualify for the dividends-received deduction or as qualified dividend income.
The Fund may have capital loss carryovers for a taxable year. Capital loss carryovers may be used to offset any current capital gain (whether short-term or long-term) and will not expire. All capital loss carryovers are listed in the Fund's financial statements. Any such losses may not be carried back. The amount of capital losses that can be carried forward and used in any single year is subject to an annual limitation if there is a more than 50% "change in ownership" of the Fund. An ownership change generally results when shareholders owning 5% or more of the Fund increase their aggregate holdings by more than 50% over a three-year look-back period. An ownership change could result in capital loss carryovers being used at a slower rate, thereby reducing the Fund's ability to offset capital gains with those losses. An increase in the amount of taxable gains distributed to the Fund's shareholders could result from an ownership change. The Fund undertakes no obligation to avoid or prevent an ownership change, which can occur in the normal course of shareholder purchases and redemptions or as a result of engaging in a tax-free reorganization with another fund. Additionally, if the Fund engages in a tax-free reorganization with another Fund, the effect of these and other rules not discussed herein may be to disallow or postpone the use by the Fund of its capital loss carryovers (including any current year losses and built-in losses when realized) to offset its own gains or those of the other Fund, or vice versa, thereby reducing the tax benefits Fund shareholders would otherwise have enjoyed from use of such capital loss carryovers.
A distribution by the Fund that does not constitute an ordinary income dividend or capital gain dividend will be treated as a return of capital. A return of capital distribution will reduce the shareholder's tax basis of shares and will be treated as gain from the sale of the shares to the extent the basis would be reduced below zero.
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Each distribution by the Fund will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether the distribution is paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares of the Fund (or of another fund). If the shareholder receives a distribution in the form of a reinvestment in additional shares, the shareholder will be treated as having received a distribution in an amount equal to the fair market value of the shares received, determined as of the reinvestment date.
When a shareholder purchases shares, their NAV may reflect undistributed net investment income or recognized net capital gains or unrealized appreciation in the value of the assets of the Fund. A distribution of that income or gain (including net gain, if any, from realizing all or part of that appreciation) will be taxable to a shareholder in the manner described above, although the distribution economically constitutes a partial return of capital to the shareholder.
Ordinarily, a shareholder is required to take distributions by the Fund into income in the year in which they are made. A distribution declared in October, November or December of any year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in one of those months, however, is deemed to be paid by the Fund and received by them on December 31 of that year if the distribution is paid in January of the following year.
The Fund will send information annually to its shareholders regarding the federal income tax status of distributions made (or deemed made) during the year.
An individual is required to pay a 3.8% federal tax on the lesser of (1) the individual's "net investment income," which generally includes dividends, interest and net gains from the disposition of investment property (including dividends and capital gain distributions the Fund pays and net gains realized on the redemption of Fund shares), or (2) the excess of the individual's "modified adjusted gross income" over a threshold amount ($250,000 for married persons filing jointly and $200,000 for single taxpayers). This tax is in addition to any other taxes due on that income. A similar tax applies to estates and trusts. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, this provision may have on their investment in Fund shares.
Investments in Derivatives. When a put or call option purchased by the Fund expires unexercised, the premium it paid gives rise to short-term or long-term capital loss at the time of expiration (depending on the length of the exercise period for the option). When a put or call option written by the Fund expires unexercised, the premium it received gives rise to short-term capital gain at the time of expiration. When the Fund exercises a call option, the basis in the underlying security is increased by the amount of the premium it paid for the option. When the Fund exercises a put option, the gain (or loss) from the sale of the underlying security is decreased (or increased) by the premium it paid for the option. When a put or call option written by the Fund is exercised, the purchase price (or the selling price in the case of a call) of the underlying security is decreased (or increased in the case of a call) for tax purposes by the premium received.
Some "nonequity" options (i.e., certain listed options, such as those on a "broad-based" securities index) in which the Fund invests may be subject to Code section 1256 ("Section 1256 contracts"). Any Section 1256 contracts the Fund holds at the end of its taxable year (and generally for purposes of the Excise Tax discussed below, on October 31 of each year) must be "marked to market" (that is, treated as having been sold at that time for their fair market value) for federal tax purposes, with the result that unrealized gains or losses will be treated as though they were realized. Sixty percent of any net gain or loss recognized on these deemed sales, and 60% of any net realized gain or loss from any actual sales of Section 1256 contracts, will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and the balance will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss; however, certain foreign currency gains or losses arising from Section 1256 contracts will be treated as ordinary income or loss. These rules may operate to increase the amount that the Fund must distribute to satisfy the Distribution Requirement (i.e., with respect to the portion treated as short-term capital gain, which will be includible in investment company taxable income and thus taxable to its shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them), and to increase the net capital gain the Fund recognizes, even though the Fund may not have closed the transactions and received cash to pay the distributions. The Fund may elect not to have the foregoing rules apply to any "mixed straddle" (that is, a straddle, which the Fund clearly identifies in accordance with applicable regulations, at least one (but not all) of the positions of which are Section 1256 contracts), although doing so may have the effect of increasing the relative proportion of short-term capital gain (distributions of which are taxable to its shareholders as ordinary income) and thus increasing the amount of dividends it must distribute.
Any option, futures contract, forward contract or other position entered into or held by the Fund in conjunction with any other position held by it may constitute a "straddle" for federal income tax purposes. In general, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the amount, character and timing of the Fund's gains and losses with respect to straddle
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positions by requiring, among other things, that (1) any loss realized on disposition of one position of a straddle may not be recognized to the extent that the Fund has unrealized gains with respect to the other positions in such straddle, (2) the Fund's holding period in straddle positions be suspended while the straddle exists (possibly resulting in a gain being treated as short-term capital gain rather than long-term capital gain), (3) the losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that are part of a mixed straddle and are non-Section 1256 contracts be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital loss, and (4) losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions that would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses be treated as long-term capital losses. In addition, the deduction of interest and carrying charges attributable to certain straddle positions may be deferred. Various elections are available to the Fund, which may mitigate the effects of the straddle rules, particularly with respect to mixed straddles. In general, the straddle rules described above do not apply to any straddles held by the Fund if all of the offsetting positions consist of Section 1256 contracts.
Investments in Foreign Currencies and Securities. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates that occur between the time that the Fund accrues interest, dividends or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time that the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities are treated as ordinary income or ordinary losses. Similarly, gains or losses from the disposition of a foreign currency, or from the disposition of a fixed-income security or a forward contract denominated in a foreign currency that are attributable to fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the asset and the date of its disposition, also are treated as ordinary income or ordinary losses. These gains or losses increase or decrease the amount of the Fund's investment company taxable income available to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income, rather than increasing or decreasing the amount of the Fund's net capital gain.
If the Fund owns shares in a foreign corporation that constitutes a "passive foreign investment company" for federal income tax purposes (a "PFIC") and the Fund does not make either of the elections described in the next two paragraphs, it will be subject to federal income taxation on a portion of any "excess distribution" it receives from the PFIC or any gain it derives from the disposition of such shares, even if it distributes such income as a taxable dividend to its shareholders. The Fund may also be subject to additional interest charges in respect of deferred taxes arising from such distributions or gains. Any tax paid by the Fund as a result of its ownership of shares in a PFIC will not give rise to any deduction or credit to the Fund or to any shareholder. A PFIC is any foreign corporation (with certain exceptions) that, for the taxable year, either (1) derives at least 75% of its gross income for the taxable year from "passive income" (including interest, dividends, royalties, rents and annuities) or (2) on average, at least 50% of the value (or adjusted tax basis, if elected) of the assets it holds produce, or are held for the production of, "passive income." The Fund's distributions of income from any PFICs will not be eligible for the 15% maximum federal income tax rate on individuals' "qualified dividend income" described above.
The Fund could elect to "mark to market" stock in a PFIC. Under such an election, the Fund would include in gross income (and treat as ordinary income) each taxable year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the PFIC stock as of the close of the taxable year over the Fund's adjusted basis in the PFIC stock. The Fund would be allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of that adjusted basis over that fair market value, but only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included by the Fund for prior taxable years. The Fund's adjusted basis in the PFIC stock would be adjusted to reflect the amounts included in, or deducted from, income under this election. Amounts so included, as well as gain realized on the disposition of the PFIC stock, would be treated as ordinary income. The deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss, as well as loss realized on the disposition of the PFIC stock to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included by the Fund, would be treated as ordinary loss. The Fund generally would not be subject to the deferred tax and interest charge provisions discussed above with respect to PFIC stock for which a mark-to-market election has been made.
If the Fund purchases shares in a PFIC and elects to treat the PFIC as a "qualified electing fund," the Fund would be required to include in its income each year a portion of the ordinary income and net capital gains of the PFIC, even if the income and gains were not distributed to the Fund. Any such income would be subject to the Distribution Requirement and the calendar year Excise Tax distribution requirement described below. In most instances it will be very difficult, if not impossible, to make this election because some of the information required to make this election may not be easily obtainable.
Investors should be aware that the Fund may not be able, at the time it acquires a foreign corporation's shares, to ascertain whether the corporation is a PFIC and that a foreign corporation may become a PFIC after the Fund acquires
37
shares therein. While the Fund generally will seek not to invest in PFIC shares to avoid the tax consequences detailed above, there are no guarantees that it will be able to do so and it reserves the right to make such investments as a matter of its investment policy.
Investments in Convertible Debt Securities. Convertible debt is ordinarily treated as a "single property" consisting of a pure debt interest until conversion, after which the investment becomes an equity interest. If the security is issued at a premium (i.e., for cash in excess of the face amount payable on retirement), the creditor-holder may amortize the premium over the life of the bond. If the security is issued for cash at a price below its face amount, the creditor-holder must accrue original issue discount in income over the life of the debt. The creditor-holder's exercise of the conversion privilege is treated as a nontaxable event. Mandatorily convertible debt (e.g., an exchange traded note or ETN issued in the form of an unsecured obligation that pays a return based on the performance of a specified market index, exchange currency, or commodity) is often, but not always, treated as a contract to buy or sell the reference property rather than debt. Similarly, convertible preferred stock with a mandatory conversion feature is ordinarily, but not always, treated as equity rather than debt. Dividends received generally are qualified dividend income and eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction. In general, conversion of preferred stock for common stock of the same corporation is tax-free. Conversion of preferred stock for cash is a taxable redemption. Any redemption premium for preferred stock that is redeemable by the issuing company might be required to be amortized under original issue discount principles.
Investments in Securities of Uncertain Tax Character. The Fund may invest in securities the U.S. federal income tax treatment of which may not be clear or may be subject to recharacterization by the IRS. To the extent the tax treatment of such securities or the income from such securities differs from the tax treatment expected by the Fund, it could affect the timing or character of income recognized by the Fund, requiring the Fund to purchase or sell securities, or otherwise change its portfolio, in order to comply with the tax rules applicable to regulated investment companies under the Code.
A 4% non-deductible federal excise tax ("Excise Tax") is imposed on a RIC that fails to distribute in each calendar year an amount equal to at least the sum of (1) 98.0% of its ordinary income for the year plus (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ended on October 31 of the year, and (3) any prior year undistributed ordinary income and capital gain net income. The Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it is subject to income tax for any taxable year ending in the calendar year.
For purposes of calculating the Excise Tax, the Fund (1) reduces its capital gain net income (but not below its net capital gain) by the amount of any net ordinary loss for the calendar year and (2) excludes foreign currency gains and losses realized or sustained after October 31 of any year in determining the amount of ordinary income for the current calendar year. The Fund will include foreign currency gains and losses incurred after October 31 in determining ordinary income for the succeeding calendar year.
The Fund intends to make sufficient distributions of its ordinary income and capital gain net income to avoid liability for the Excise Tax. Shareholders should note, however, that the Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate portfolio investments to make sufficient distributions to avoid Excise Tax liability.
In general, you will recognize gain or loss on a redemption of Fund shares in an amount equal to the difference between the proceeds of the redemption and your adjusted tax basis in the shares. All or a portion of any loss so recognized may be disallowed if you purchase Fund shares (for example, by reinvesting dividends) within 30 days before or after the redemption (i.e., a wash sale). If disallowed, the loss would be reflected in an upward adjustment to the basis in the purchased shares. In general, any gain or loss arising from a redemption of shares of the Fund will be considered a capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares were held for longer than one year. Any capital loss arising from a redemption of shares held for six months or less, however, will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of distributions of net capital gain, if any, received on such shares. In determining the holding period of shares for this purpose, any period during which your risk of loss is offset by means of options, short sales or similar transactions is not counted. Capital losses in any year are deductible only to the extent of capital gains plus, in the case of a non-corporate taxpayer, $3,000 of ordinary income.
The Fund is required to report to you and the IRS annually on Form 1099-B the cost basis of shares purchased or acquired on or after January 1, 2012 where the cost basis of the shares is known by the Fund (referred to as "covered
38
shares") and which are disposed of after that date. However, cost basis reporting is not required for certain shareholders, including shareholders investing in the Fund through a tax-advantaged retirement account, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account.
When required to report cost basis, the Fund will calculate it using the Fund's default method, unless you instruct the Fund to use a different calculation method. For additional information regarding the Fund's available cost basis reporting methods, including its default method, please contact the Fund. If you hold your Fund shares through a broker (or other nominee), please contact that broker (nominee) with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for your account.
The IRS permits the use of several methods to determine the cost basis of mutual fund shares. The method used will determine which specific shares are deemed to be sold when there are multiple purchases on different dates at differing share prices, and the entire position is not sold at one time. The Fund does not recommend any particular method of determining cost basis, and the use of other methods may result in more favorable tax consequences for some shareholders. It is important that you consult with your tax advisor to determine which method is best for you and then notify the Fund if you intend to utilize a method other than the Fund's default method for covered shares. If you do not notify the Fund of your elected cost basis method upon the later of January 1, 2012 or the initial purchase into your account, the default method will be applied to your covered shares.
The Fund will compute and report the cost basis of your Fund shares sold or exchanged by taking into account all of the applicable adjustments to cost basis and holding periods as required by the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury regulations for purposes of reporting these amounts to you and the IRS. However the Fund is not required to, and in many cases the Fund does not possess the information to, take all possible basis, holding period or other adjustments into account in reporting cost basis information to you. Therefore, shareholders should carefully review the cost basis information provided by the Fund.
The tax rules of the various states and their local jurisdictions with respect to an investment in the Fund can differ from the federal income tax rules described above. These state and local rules are not discussed herein. You are urged to consult your tax advisor as to the consequences of state and local tax rules with respect to an investment in the Fund.
Investment income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries and gains that it realizes on the disposition of foreign securities may be subject to foreign income taxes withheld at the source. The United States has entered into tax treaties with many foreign countries that may entitle the Fund to a reduced rate of such taxes or exemption from taxes on such income. It is impossible to know the effective rate of foreign tax in advance, since the amount of the Fund's assets to be invested within various countries cannot be determined.
39
General Information. The Fund is a separate series of the Trust. The Trust is an open-end investment management company organized under Delaware law as a statutory trust on July 30, 2012. The Trust's trust instrument (the "Trust Instrument") permits the Trust to offer separate series ("funds") of shares of beneficial interest ("shares"). The Trust reserves the right to create and issue shares of additional funds. The Trust and each fund will continue indefinitely until terminated. Each fund is a separate mutual fund, and each share of each fund represents an equal proportionate interest in that fund. All consideration received by the Trust for shares of any fund and all assets of such fund belong solely to that fund and would be subject to liabilities related thereto. The other funds of the Trust are described in one or more separate Statements of Additional Information.
Shareholder Voting and Other Rights. Each share of a fund and each class of shares has equal dividend, distribution, liquidation and voting rights. Fractional shares have those rights proportionately, except that expenses related to the distribution of shares of each fund or class (and certain other expenses such as transfer agency, shareholder service and administration expenses) are borne solely by those shares. Each fund or class votes separately with respect to the provisions of any Rule 12b-1 plan which pertains to the fund or class and other matters for which separate fund or class voting is appropriate under applicable law. Generally, shares will be voted separately by each fund except if: (1) the 1940 Act requires shares to be voted in the aggregate and not by individual funds; or (2) the Board determines that the matter affects more than one fund and all affected funds must vote. The Board may also determine that a matter only affects certain funds or classes of the Trust and thus that only those funds or classes are entitled to vote on the matter. Delaware law does not require the Trust to hold annual meetings of shareholders, and it is anticipated that shareholder meetings will be held only when specifically required by federal or state law. There are no conversion or preemptive rights in connection with shares of the Trust.
All shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable.
A shareholder in a fund is entitled to the shareholder's pro rata share of all distributions arising from that fund's assets and, upon redeeming shares, will receive the portion of the fund's net assets represented by the redeemed shares.
Shareholders representing 10% or more of the Trust's (or a fund's) shares may, as set forth in the Trust Instrument, call meetings of the Trust (or fund) for any purpose related to the Trust (or fund), including, in the case of a meeting of the Trust, the purpose of voting on removal of one or more trustees.
Termination or Reorganization of Trust or Its Series. The Board, may, without prior shareholder approval, change the form of organization of the Trust by merger, consolidation or incorporation, so long as the surviving entity is an open-end management investment company. Under the Trust Instrument, the trustees may also, without shareholder vote, sell and convey all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust to another trust, partnership, association, or corporation, or cause the Trust to incorporate in the State of Delaware, so long as the surviving entity is an open-end, management investment company that will succeed to or assume the Trust's registration statement.
Under the Trust Instrument, the Board may sell or convey the assets of a fund or reorganize such fund into another investment company registered under the 1940 Act without a shareholder vote.
A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund. A control person is a shareholder who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. Shareholders owning voting securities in excess of 25% may determine the outcome of any matter affecting and voted on by shareholders of the Fund.
The Fund is newly organized and has not yet commenced operations.
40
shareholder liability for the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses of the Trust. The Trust Instrument provides for indemnification out of each fund's property of any shareholder or former shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the relevant fund. The Trust Instrument also provides that the Trust, on behalf of a fund, shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of that fund and satisfy any judgment thereon. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which Delaware law does not apply, no contractual limitation of liability is in effect and the Fund is unable to meet its obligations.
The Trust Instrument provides that the trustees shall not be liable to any person other than the Trust and its shareholders. In addition, the Trust Instrument provides that the trustees shall not be liable for any conduct whatsoever, provided that a trustee is not protected against any liability to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
A copy of the Trust's and the Adviser's proxy voting procedures are included in Appendices B and C, respectively.
Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30 will be available: (1) without charge, upon request, by contacting the Transfer Agent at (855) 328-7691 (toll free); and (2) on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov .
The Trust and the Adviser have each adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act which are designed to eliminate conflicts of interest between the Fund and personnel of the Trust and the Adviser. The codes permit such personnel to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund, subject to certain limitations.
This SAI and the Prospectus do not contain all of the information included in the Trust's registration statement filed with the SEC under the 1933 Act with respect to the securities offered hereby. The registration statement, including the exhibits filed therewith, may be examined at the office of the SEC in Washington, D.C.
Statements contained herein and in the Prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other documents are not necessarily complete, and, in each instance, are qualified by, reference to the copy of such contract or other documents filed as exhibits to the registration statement.
The Trust's independent registered public accounting firm, BBD, audits and reports on the Fund's annual financial statements. The financial statements include the schedule of investments, statement of assets and liabilities, statement of operations, statement of changes in net assets, financial highlights, notes and report of independent registered public accounting firm. Shareholders will receive annual audited financial statements and semi-annual unaudited financial statements.
As of the date hereof, the Fund has not commenced operations, and thus financial statements are not available for the Fund.
41
Standard & Poor's ("S&P") Corporate and Municipal Long-Term Bond Ratings:
The following descriptions of S&P's long-term corporate and municipal bond ratings have been published by Standard & Poor's Financial Service LLC.
AAA - An obligation rated 'AAA' has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA - An obligation rated 'AA' differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A - An obligation rated 'A' is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB - An obligation rated 'BBB' exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC, and C - Obligations rated 'BB', 'B', 'CCC', 'CC', and 'C' are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. 'BB' indicates the least degree of speculation and 'C' the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB - An obligation rated 'BB' is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B - An obligation rated 'B' is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated 'BB', but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor's capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC - An obligation rated 'CCC' is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC - An obligation rated 'CC' is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
C - A 'C' rating is assigned to obligations that are currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, obligations that have payment arrearages allowed by the terms of the documents, or obligations of an issuer that is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or similar action which have not experienced a payment default. Among others, the 'C' rating may be assigned to subordinated debt, preferred stock or other obligations on which cash payments have been suspended in accordance with the instrument's terms or when preferred stock is the subject of a distressed exchange offer, whereby some or all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by other instruments having a total value that is less than par.
D - An obligation rated 'D' is in payment default. The 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation, including a regulatory capital instrument, are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' upon completion of a distressed exchange offer, whereby some or all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by other instruments having a total value that is less than par.
A-1
Plus (+) or Minus (-) - The ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
NR - This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor's does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's") Long-Term Corporate Bond Ratings:
The following descriptions of Moody's long-term corporate bond ratings have been published by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and Moody's Analytics Inc.
Aaa - Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk.
Aa - Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A - Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa - Obligations rated Baa are subject to moderate credit risk. They are considered medium-grade and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba - Obligations rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B - Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa - Obligations rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca - Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C - Obligations rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Modifiers: Moody's appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
Moody's U.S. Municipal Long-Term Bond Ratings:
The following descriptions of Moody's long-term municipal bond ratings have been published by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and Moody's Analytics Inc.
Aaa - Issuers or issues rated Aaa demonstrate the strongest creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Aa - Issuers or issues rated Aa demonstrate very strong creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
A - Issuers or issues rated A present above-average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Baa - Issuers or issues rated Baa represent average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax- exempt issuers or issues.
Ba - Issuers or issues rated Ba demonstrate below-average creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
B - Issuers or issues rated B demonstrate weak creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax- exempt issuers or issues.
A-2
Caa - Issuers or issues rated Caa demonstrate very weak creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Ca - Issuers or issues rated Ca demonstrate extremely weak creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
C - Issuers or issues rated C demonstrate the weakest creditworthiness relative to other U.S. municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Modifiers: Moody's appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating category from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the issuer or obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
Fitch Ratings Ltd. ("Fitch") Corporate Bond Ratings:
The following descriptions of Fitch's long-term corporate bond ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.
AAA - Highest credit quality. ' AAA ' ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA - Very high credit quality. ' AA ' ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A - High credit quality. ' A ' ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB - Good credit quality. ' BBB ' ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB - Speculative. ' BB ' ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.
B - Highly speculative. ' B ' ratings indicate that material credit risk is present. For performing obligations, default risk is commensurate with the issuer being rated with an Issuer Default Risk ("IDR") in the ranges 'BB' to 'C'. For issuers with an IDR below 'B', the overall credit risk of this obligation is moderated by the expected level of recoveries should a default occur. For issuers with an IDR above 'B', the overall credit risk of this obligation is exacerbated by the expected low level of recoveries should a default occur. For non-performing obligations, the obligation or issuer is in default, or has deferred payment, but the rated obligation is expected to have extremely high recovery rates consistent with a Recovery Rating of 'RR1' (outstanding recovery prospects given default).
CCC - Substantial credit risk. ' CCC ' ratings indicate that substantial credit risk is present. For performing obligations, default risk is commensurate with an IDR in the ranges 'B' to 'C'. For issuers with an IDR below 'CCC', the overall credit risk of this obligation is moderated by the expected level of recoveries should a default occur. For issuers with an IDR above 'CCC', the overall credit risk of this obligation is exacerbated by the expected low level of recoveries should a default occur. For non-performing obligations, the obligation or issuer is in default, or has deferred payment, but the rated obligation is expected to have a superior recovery rate consistent with a Recovery Rating of 'RR2' (superior recovery prospects given default).
CC - Very high levels of credit risk. ' CC ' ratings indicate very high levels of credit risk. For performing obligations, default risk is commensurate with an IDR in the ranges 'B' to 'C'. For issuers with an IDR below 'CC', the overall credit risk of this obligation is moderated by the expected level of recoveries should a default occur. For issuers with an IDR above 'CC', the overall credit risk of this obligation is exacerbated by the expected low level of recoveries should a
A-3
default occur. For non-performing obligations, the obligation or issuer is in default, or has deferred payment, but the rated obligation is expected to have a good recovery rate consistent with a Recovery Rating of 'RR3' (good recovery prospects given default).
C - Exceptionally high levels of credit risk. ' C ' indicates exceptionally high levels of credit risk. For performing obligations, default risk is commensurate with an IDR in the ranges 'B' to 'C'. The overall credit risk of this obligation is exacerbated by the expected low level of recoveries should a default occur. For non-performing obligations, the obligation or issuer is in default, or has deferred payment, and the rated obligation is expected to have an average, below-average or poor recovery rate consistent with a Recovery Rating of 'RR4' (average recovery prospects given default), 'RR5' (below average recovery prospects given default) or 'RR6' (poor recovery prospects given default).
Defaulted obligations typically are not assigned 'D' ratings, but are instead rated in the 'B' to 'C' rating categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. This approach better aligns obligations that have comparable overall expected loss but varying vulnerability to default and loss.
Plus (+) or Minus (-) The modifiers "+" or "-" may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the 'AAA' obligation rating category, or to corporate finance obligation ratings in the categories below 'B'.
The terms "investment grade" and "speculative grade" have established themselves over time as shorthand to describe the categories 'AAA' to 'BBB' (investment grade) and 'BB' to 'D' (speculative grade). The terms "investment grade" and "speculative grade" are market conventions, and do not imply any recommendation or endorsement of a specific security for investment purposes. "Investment grade" categories indicate relatively low to moderate credit risk, while ratings in the "speculative" categories either signal a higher level of credit risk or that a default has already occurred.
Fitch's Municipal Bond Long-Term Ratings:
The following descriptions of Fitch's long-term municipal bond ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.
AAA - Highest credit quality. ' AAA ' ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA - Very high credit quality. ' AA ' ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A - High credit quality. ' A ' ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB - Good credit quality. ' BBB ' ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB - Speculative. ' BB ' ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.
B - Highly speculative. ' B ' ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
CCC - Substantial credit risk. ' CCC ' ratings indicate that default is a real possibility.
CC - Very high levels of credit risk. ' CC ' ratings indicate default of some kind appears probable.
C - Exceptionally high levels of credit risk. ' C ' ratings indicate default appears imminent or inevitable.
A-4
D - Default. ' D ' ratings indicate a default. Default generally is defined as one of the following:
failure to make payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of the rated obligation;
the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of the business of an issuer/obligor; or
the coercive exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation.
Structured Finance Defaults - "Imminent" default, categorized under 'C', typically refers to the occasion where a payment default has been intimated by the issuer, and is all but inevitable. This may, for example, be where an issuer has missed a scheduled payment, but (as is typical) has a grace period during which it may cure the payment default. Another alternative would be where an issuer has formally announced a coercive debt exchange, but the date of the exchange still lies several days or weeks in the immediate future.
Additionally, in structured finance transactions, where analysis indicates that an instrument is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or principal in full in accordance with the terms of the obligation's documentation during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default in accordance with the terms of the documentation is imminent, the obligation will typically be rated in the 'C' category.
Structured Finance Writedowns - Where an instrument has experienced an involuntary and, in the agency's opinion, irreversible "writedown" of principal (i.e. other than through amortization, and resulting in a loss to the investor), a credit rating of 'D' will be assigned to the instrument. Where the agency believes the "writedown" may prove to be temporary (and the loss may be "written up" again in future if and when performance improves), then a credit rating of 'C' will typically be assigned. Should the "writedown" then later be reversed, the credit rating will be raised to an appropriate level for that instrument. Should the "writedown" later be deemed as irreversible, the credit rating will be lowered to 'D'.
Notes: In the case of structured and project finance, while the ratings do not address the loss severity given default of the rated liability, loss severity assumptions on the underlying assets are nonetheless typically included as part of the analysis. Loss severity assumptions are used to derive pool cash flows available to service the rated liability. In the case of public finance, the ratings also do not address the loss given default of the rated liability, focusing instead on the vulnerability to default of the rated liability.
Plus (+) or Minus (-) - The modifiers "+" or "-"may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the 'AAA' Long-Term Rating category, or to Long-Term Rating categories below 'B'.
S&P's Municipal Short-Term Bond Ratings:
The following descriptions of S&P's short-term municipal ratings have been published by Standard & Poor's Financial Service LLC.
SP-1 - Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2 - Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3 - Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
Moody's Short-Term Ratings:
The following descriptions of Moody's short-term municipal ratings have been published by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and Moody's Analytics Inc.
A-5
MIG 1 - This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2 - This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3 - This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG - This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
Fitch's Short-Term Ratings:
The following descriptions of Fitch's short-term ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.
F1 - Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added "+" to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2 - Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3 - Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
B - Speculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C - High short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.
RD - Restricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Applicable to entity ratings only.
D - Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a specific short-term obligation.
S&P's Commercial Paper Ratings:
The following descriptions of S&P's commercial paper ratings have been published by Standard & Poor's Financial Service LLC.
A-1 - A short-term obligation rated 'A-1' is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor's. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2 - A short-term obligation rated 'A-2' is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3 - A short-term obligation rated 'A-3' exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B - A short-term obligation rated 'B' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. Ratings of 'B-1', 'B-2', and 'B-3' may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the 'B' category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
A-6
B-1 - A short-term obligation rated 'B-1' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, but the obligor has a relatively stronger capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-2 - A short-term obligation rated 'B-2' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has an average speculative-grade capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-3 - A short-term obligation rated 'B-3' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has a relatively weaker capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
C - A short-term obligation rated 'C' is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D - A short-term obligation rated 'D' is in payment default. The 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation, including a regulatory capital instrument, are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
Dual Ratings - S&P assigns "dual" ratings to all debt issues that have a put option or demand feature as part of their structure. The first rating addresses the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest as due, and the second rating addresses only the demand feature. The long-term rating symbols are used for bonds to denote the long-term maturity and the short-term rating symbols for the put option (for example, 'AAA/A-1+'). With U.S. municipal short-term demand debt, note rating symbols are used with the short-term issue credit rating symbols (for example, 'SP-1+/A-1+').
Moody's Commercial Paper Ratings:
The following descriptions of Moody's commercial paper ratings have been published by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. and Moody's Analytics Inc.
P-1 - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2 - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3 - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
Note: Canadian issuers rated P-1 or P-2 have their short-term ratings enhanced by the senior-most long-term rating of the issuer, its guarantor or support-provider.
Fitch's Commercial Paper Ratings:
The following descriptions of Fitch's commercial paper ratings have been published by Fitch, Inc. and Fitch Ratings Ltd.
F1 - Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added "+" to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2 - Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3 - Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
B - Speculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C - High short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.
A-7
RD - Restricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Applicable to entity ratings only.
D - Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a specific short-term obligation.
The modifiers "+" or "-" may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the 'AAA' Long-term rating category, to categories below 'CCC', or to Short-term ratings other than 'F1'. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)
A-8
APPENDIX B - TRUST PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES
Forum Funds II
Shareholder Voting Policy
As of June 13, 2013
The Trust exercises its shareholder voting responsibilities as an investor in other issuers as a fiduciary, with the goal of maximizing the value of the Trust's and its shareholders' investments. This Policy details the Trust's policy with respect to shareholder voting.
(A) Delegation by Board . Each Fund has delegated to the Adviser the authority to vote as a shareholder of issuers whose securities are held in its portfolio. The Adviser shall maintain and the Board shall approve voting procedures related to the Adviser acting on behalf of the Fund in accordance with its fiduciary duties and the best interests of Fund shareholders.
(B) Delivery of Proxies . The Adviser is responsible for coordinating the delivery of proxies to be voted by the Custodian to the Adviser or to an agent of the Adviser selected by the Adviser to vote proxies with respect to which the Adviser has such discretion (a "Proxy Voting Service"). Upon request, the Adviser shall provide periodic reports to the Board as to the implementation and operation of its shareholder voting policies and procedures as they relate to the Trust.
(C) Conflicts of Interest . The Trust recognizes that under certain circumstances an Adviser or Proxy Voting Service may have a conflict of interest in voting on behalf of a Fund. A conflict of interest includes any circumstance when the Fund, the Adviser, the Distributor, the Proxy Voting Service or one or more of their Affiliated Persons (including officers, directors and employees) knowingly does business with, receives compensation from, or sits on the board of, a particular issuer or closely affiliated entity, and, therefore, may appear to have a conflict of interest between its own interests and the interests of Fund shareholders in how shares of that issuer are voted.
Each Adviser is responsible for maintaining procedures to identify and address material conflicts of interest and, when applicable, determine the adequacy of a Proxy Voting Service's procedures to identify and address material conflicts of interest.
(D) Voting Record . The Adviser shall be responsible for ensuring a voting record is maintained that includes all instances where the Fund was entitled to vote and will coordinate the annual delivery of such record to the Administrator for purposes of preparing the Trust's annual Form N-PX filing. The voting record shall include the following information required to be reported in Form N-PX:
(1) The name of the issuer of the security;
(2) The exchange ticker symbol of the security;
(3) The CUSIP for the security;
(4) The shareholder meeting date;
(5) A brief identification of the matter voted on;
(6) Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;
(7) Whether the Trust cast its vote on the matter;
(8) How the Trust cast its vote (e.g., for or against proposal, or abstain; for or withhold regarding election of directors); and
B-1
(9) Whether the Trust cast its vote for or against management.
The Adviser shall also be responsible for ensuring information regarding how the Fund voted relating to portfolio securities during the twelve-month period ended June 30 is available on the Fund's website or other location consistent with disclosure in the Fund's registration statement.
The Trust and an Adviser may abstain from shareholder voting in certain circumstances. Abstaining from voting may be appropriate if voting would be unduly burdensome or expensive, or otherwise not in the best interest of a Fund's shareholders.
(A) The Adviser shall submit its voting procedures to the Board for review and approval initially and at the next regularly scheduled meeting of the Board following any material change.
(B) The Adviser shall report to the Board, at least quarterly, whether any conflicts of interest arose while voting as an investor in other issuers and how such conflicts were handled.
B-2
CVR understands and appreciates the importance of proxy voting. To the extent that CVR exercises discretion to vote the proxies of the Advisory Clients it manages, CVR will vote any such proxies in the best interests of Advisory Clients and Investors (as applicable) and in accordance with the procedures outlined below (as applicable).
(1) All proxies sent to Advisory Clients that are actually received by CVR (to vote on behalf of the Advisory Clients) will be provided to the Chief Compliance Officer. Certain separate account clients may elect, however, to be responsible for voting the proxies related to their account. The Chief Compliance Officer will coordinate with the Fund's custodian to ensure that CVR is receiving all notices related to proxy voting. In addition, the Chief Compliance Officer will coordinate with the Fund's custodian to ensure that the custodian automatically participates in any class actions on behalf of the Fund.
(2) The Chief Compliance Officer will generally adhere to the following procedures (subject to limited exception):
(a) A written record of each proxy received by CVR (on behalf of its Advisory Clients) will be kept in CVR's files;
(b) The Chief Compliance Officer will determine which of CVR's Advisory Clients hold the security to which the proxy relates;
(c) third party service providers, Broadridge and Glass Lewis & Company LLC, are authorized by the Company to handle the proxy voting procedures under specific instructions from the Company.
(1) To the extent there is a conflict of interest, the CCO and CIO will first determine whether there is a conflict of interest related to the proxy in question between CVR and its Advisory Clients. This examination will include (but will not be limited to) an evaluation of whether CVR (or any affiliate of CVR) has any relationship with the company (or an affiliate of the company) to which the proxy relates outside an investment in such company by an Advisory Client of CVR.
(2) If a conflict is identified and deemed "material", CVR will determine whether voting the proxy is in the best interests of affected Advisory Clients (which may include utilizing an independent third party to vote such proxies).
(3) With respect to material conflicts, CVR will determine whether it is appropriate to disclose the conflict to affected Advisory Clients and Investors and give Investors the opportunity to vote the proxies in question themselves except that, if the Advisory Client is subject to the requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), and the investment management agreement between CVR and the ERISA Advisory Client reserves the right to vote proxies when CVR has determined that a material conflict exists that does affect its best judgment as a fiduciary to the ERISA Advisory Client, CVR will:
(a) Give the ERISA Advisory Client the opportunity to vote the proxies in question themselves; or
(b) Follow designated special proxy voting procedures related to voting proxies pursuant to the terms of the investment management agreement with any ERISA clients.
C-1
(1) In the absence of specific voting guidelines mandated by a particular Advisory Client, CVR will endeavor to vote proxies, or in certain circumstances abstain from voting, in the best interests of each Advisory Client.
(2) Although voting certain proxies may be subject to the discretion of CVR, CVR is of the view that voting proxies in accordance with the following general guidelines, which shall be provided to the proxy third party service providers, is in the best interests of its Advisory Clients:
(a) CVR will generally vote in favor of routine corporate housekeeping proposals including, but not limited to, the following:
(i) election of directors (where there are no related corporate governance issues);
(ii) selection or reappointment of auditors; or
(iii) increasing or reclassification of common stock.
(b) CVR will generally vote against proposals that:
(i) make it more difficult to replace members of the issuer's board of directors or board of managers; and
(ii) introduce unequal voting rights (although there may be regulatory reasons that would make such a proposal favorable to certain Advisory Clients of CVR).
(c) CVR will generally vote against proposals that make it more difficult for an issuer to be taken over by outsiders, and in favor of proposals to do the opposite.
(d) CVR will generally vote in favor of proposals by management or shareholders concerning various compensation and stock option plans that will act to make management and employee compensation more dependent on long-term stock price performance.
(e) CVR will generally vote against proposals to move the company to another state less favorable to shareholders' interests, or to restructure classes of stock in such a way as to benefit one class of shareholders at the expense of another, such as dual classes (A and B shares) of stock.
Employees should note that a brief summary of these proxy voting procedures will be included in the Form ADV Part 2A and will be updated whenever these policies and procedures are updated. The Chief Compliance Officer will be responsible for sending a copy of CVR's Form ADV Part 2 to all existing Advisory Clients. Advisory Clients and Investors will also be provided with contact information as to how such Advisory Clients and Investors can obtain information about: (a) the details of CVR's procedures are (i.e., a copy of these procedures); and (b) how CVR has voted proxies that are relevant to the affected Advisory Client or Investor.
The Chief Compliance Officer will be responsible for maintaining files relating to CVR's proxy voting procedures. Records will be maintained and preserved for five years from the end of the fiscal year during which the last entry was made on a record, with records for the first two years kept in the offices of CVR. Records of the following will be included in the files:
(1) Copies of these proxy voting policies and procedures, and any amendments thereto;
(2) A copy of each proxy statement that CVR actually receives, provided, however that CVR may rely on obtaining a copy of proxy statements from the SEC's EDGAR system for those proxy statements that are so available;
C-2
(3) A record of each vote that CVR casts;
(4) A copy of any document that CVR created that was material to making a decision how to vote the proxies, or memorializes that decision (if any); and
(5) A copy of each written request for information on how CVR voted such Advisory Client's proxies and a copy of any written response to any request for information on how CVR voted proxies on behalf of Advisory Clients.
(6) Any records necessary for Form N-PX filings as of June 30 each year.
C-3
PART C OTHER INFORMATION
| Item 28. | Exhibits | |||||||
| (a) | (i) | Certificate of Trust (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (a)(i) on Form N1-A via EDGAR on May 10, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000219). | ||||||
| (ii) | Trust Instrument as amended and restated on September 19, 2013(Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (a)(ii) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 via EDGAR on November 29, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000535). | |||||||
| (b) | By-laws - None. | |||||||
| (c) | Shareholders' rights are contained in Articles II, V, VI, VII, X and XI of the Registrant's Trust Instrument. | |||||||
| (d) | (1) | Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and Phocas Financial Corporation dated July 26, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (d) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). | ||||||
| (2) | Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and SKBA Capital Management, LLC dated November 29, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (d)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 via EDGAR on November 29, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000535). | |||||||
| (3) | Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and CVR Portfolio Funds LLC dated December 26, 2013 is filed herewith. | |||||||
| (4) | Sub-Advisory Agreement between CVR Portfolio Funds LLC and SSARIS Advisors, LLC dated December 30, 2013 is filed herewith. | |||||||
| (e) | Distribution Agreement between Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC dated June 27, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (e) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). | |||||||
| (f) | Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts - None. | |||||||
| (g) | Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Union Bank, N.A. (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (g) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). | |||||||
| (h) | (1) | Transfer Agency, Administration and Accounting Agreement dated July 26, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (h)(1) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 via EDGAR on July 31, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000351). | ||||||
| (2) | Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and Phocas Financial Corporation dated July 26, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (h)(2) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). | |||||||
| (3) | Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and SKBA Capital Management, LLC dated November 29, 2013 (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed Exhibit (h)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 via EDGAR on November 29, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000535). | |||||||
| (4) | Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and CVR Portfolio Funds LLC dated December 26, 2013 is filed herewith. | |||||||
| (i) | Opinion and Consent of Counsel is filed herewith. | |||||||
| (j) | Consent of BBD, LLP is filed herewith. | |||||||
| (k) | None. | |||||||
| (l) | Initial Capital Agreement (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (l) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). | |||||||
| (m) | Rule 12b-1 Distribution Plan (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (m) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). | |||||||
| (n) | Rule 18f-3 Multiple Class Plan (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (n) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). | |||||||
| (p) | (1) | Code of Ethics for Registrant is filed herewith. | ||||||
| (2) | Code of Ethics for Phocas Financial Corporation (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (p)(2) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 via EDGAR on July 26, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000341). |
| (3) | Code of Ethics adopted by SKBA Capital Management, LLC (Exhibit incorporated by reference as filed as Exhibit (p)(3) of Post-Effective Amendement No. 3 via EDGAR on October 10, 2013, accession number 0001435109-13-000452). | |||||||
| (4) | Code of Ethics adopted by CVR Portfolio Funds LLC is filed herewith. | |||||||
| (5) |
Code of Ethics adopted by SSARIS Advisors, LLC to be filed by further amendment
*To be filed by amendment once Fund assets are allocated to subadviser.. |
Other Exhibits:
None.
| Item 30. | Indemnification |
Reference is made to Article X of the Registrant's Trust Instrument.
Pursuant to Rule 484 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), the Registrant furnishes the following undertaking: "Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue."
| Item 31. | Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser |
(a) Phocas Financial Corporation
With respect to Phocas Financial Corporation, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-64317). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
(b) SKBA Capital Management, LLC
With respect to SKBA Capital Management, LLC, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-56391). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
(c) CVR Portfolio Funds LLC
With respect to CVR Portfolio Funds LLC, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-78840). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
(d) SSARIS Advisors, LLC
With respect to SSARIS Advisors, LLC, the response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Advisor's Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC (File No. 801-60557). The Advisor's Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC's website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
| Item 32(a) | Foreside Fund Services, LLC ("FFS") serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended: |
| 1. | AdvisorShares Trust | 20. | Henderson Global Funds | ||||||||
| 2. | American Beacon Funds | 21. | Ironwood Institutional Multi-Strategy Fund LLC | ||||||||
| 3. | American Beacon Select Funds | 22. | Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund LLC | ||||||||
| 4. | Avenue Mutual Funds Trust | 23. | Liberty Street Horizon Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust | ||||||||
| 5. | Bridgeway Funds, Inc. | 24. | Manor Investment Funds | ||||||||
| 6. | Broadmark Funds | 25. | Nomura Partners Funds, Inc. | ||||||||
| 7. | Capital Innovations Global Agri, Timber, Infrastructure Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust | 26. | Performance Trust Mutual Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers | ||||||||
| 8. | Center Coast MLP Focus Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust | 27. | PMC Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers |
| 9. | Direxion Shares ETF Trust | 28. | Precidian ETFs Trust | ||||||||
| 10. | Exchange Traded Concepts Trust II | 29. | Quaker Investment Trust | ||||||||
| 11. | FlexShares Trust | 30. | Renaissance Capital Greenwich Funds | ||||||||
| 12. | Forum Funds | 31. | RevenueShares ETF Trust | ||||||||
| 13. | Forum Funds II | 32. | Salient MF Trust | ||||||||
| 14. | FQF Trust | 33. | Scotia Institutional Funds (fka Dundee Wealth Funds). | ||||||||
| 15. | FSI Low Beta Absolute Return Fund | 34. | Sound Shore Fund, Inc. | ||||||||
| 16. | Gottex Multi-Alternatives Fund - I | 35. | The Roxbury Funds | ||||||||
| 17. | Gottex Multi-Alternatives Fund - II | 36. | Turner Funds | ||||||||
| 18. | Gottex Multi-Asset Endowment Fund - II | 37. | Wintergreen Fund, Inc. | ||||||||
| 19. | Gottex Multi-Asset Endowment Fund - II |
| Item 32(b) |
The following are the Officers and Managers of the Distributor, the
Registrant's underwriter.
The Distributor's main business address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite
100, Portland, Maine 04101.
|
|||||||||||||
| Name | Address | Position with Underwriter | Position with Registrant | |||||||||||
| Mark A. Fairbanks | Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | President and Manager | None | |||||||||||
| Richard J. Berthy | Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Vice President, Treasurer and Manager | None | |||||||||||
| Jennifer E. Hoopes | Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Secretary | None | |||||||||||
| Nanette K. Chern | Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer | None | |||||||||||
| Lisa S. Clifford | Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Vice President and Managing Director of Compliance | None | |||||||||||
| Nishant Bhatnagar | Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Assistant Secretary | None | |||||||||||
| Item 32(c) | Not applicable. |
| Item 33. | Location of Accounts and Records |
The majority of the accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC, Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101. The records required to be maintained under Rule 31a-1(b)(1) with respect to journals of receipts and deliveries of securities and receipts and disbursements of cash are maintained at the offices of the Registrant's custodian, as listed under "Custodian" in Part B to this Registration Statement. The records required to be maintained under Rule 31a-1(b)(5), (6) and (9) are maintained at the offices of the Registrant's adviser or subadviser, as listed in Item 31 hereof.
| Item 34. | Management Services |
Not applicable.
| Item 35 . | Undertakings |
Not applicable.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has duly caused this registration statement on Form N-1A to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Portland and the state of Maine on December 30, 2013.
| FORUM FUNDS II | ||||||||
| By: | /s/ Stacey E. Hong | |||||||
| Stacey E. Hong, President | ||||||||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities on December 30, 2013.
(a) Principal Executive Officer
/s/ Stacey E. Hong
Stacey E. Hong
Principal Executive Officer
(b) Principal Financial Officer
/s/ Karen Shaw
Karen Shaw
Principal Financial Officer
(c) A majority of the Trustees
/s/ Stacey E. Hong
Stacey E. Hong
Trustee
John Y. Keffer, Trustee*
David Tucker, Trustee*
Mark Moyer*
Jennifer Brown-Strabley*
By: /s/ Karen Shaw
Karen Shaw
As Attorney-in-fact
*Pursuant to powers of attorney previously filed.
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
| Exhibit | Description | ||||
| (d)(3) | Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and CVR Portfolio Funds LLC dated December 26, 2013 is filed herewith. | ||||
| (d)(4) | Sub-Advisory Agreement between CVR Portfolio Funds LLC and SSARIS Advisors, LLC dated December 30, 2013 is filed herewith. | ||||
| (h)(4) | Expense Limitation Agreement between Registrant and CVR Portfolio Funds LLC dated December 26, 2013 is filed herewith. | ||||
| (i) | Opinion and Consent of Counsel is filed herewith. | ||||
| (j) | Consent of BBD, LLP is filed herewith. | ||||
| (p)(1) | Code of Ethics for Registrant is filed herewith. | ||||
| (p)(4) | Code of Ethics adopted by CVR Portfolio Funds LLC is filed herewith. |
FORUM FUNDS II
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
AGREEMENT made as of December 26, 2013, by and between Forum Funds II, a Delaware statutory trust, with its principal office and place of business at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101 (the " Trust "), and CVR Portfolio Funds LLC, a Delaware limited liability company with its principal office and place of business at 10 High Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02110 (the "Adviser")
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS , the Trust is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the " 1940 Act "), as an open-end, management investment company and may issue its shares of beneficial interest, no par value (the " Shares "), in separate series; and
WHEREAS, the Trust desires that the Adviser perform investment advisory services for each series of the Trust listed in Appendix A hereto, as may be amended from time to time (each a " Fund "), and the Adviser is willing to provide those services on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, and intending to be legally bound, the Trust and the Adviser hereby agree as follows:
SECTION 1. APPOINTMENT; DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS
(a) The Trust hereby employs the Adviser, subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the " Board "), to manage the investment and reinvestment of the assets in the Fund and to provide other services as specified herein. The Adviser accepts this employment and agrees to render its services for the compensation set forth herein.
(b) In connection therewith, the Trust shall deliver to the Adviser copies of: (i) the Trust's Trust Instrument; (ii) the Trust's Registration Statement and all amendments thereto with respect to the Fund filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (" SEC ") pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933"), or the 1940 Act (the " Registration Statement "); (iii) the Trust's current Prospectuses and Statements of Additional Information of the Fund (collectively, as currently in effect and as amended or supplemented, the " Prospectus "); (iv) each plan of distribution or similar documents adopted by the Trust on behalf of the Fund under Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act and each current shareholder service plan or similar document adopted by the Trust on behalf of the Fund; and (v) all written policies and procedures adopted by the Trust with respect to the Fund that are relevant to the services provided by the Adviser ( e.g., repurchase agreement procedures, Rule 17a-7 Procedures and Rule 17e-1 Procedures), and shall promptly furnish the Adviser with all amendments of or supplements to the foregoing. In addition, the Trust shall deliver to the Adviser: ( 1 ) a certified copy of the resolutions of the Board, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act), appointing the Adviser and any subadviser and approving this Agreement and any
subadvisory agreement; ( 2 ) a certified copy of the resolution of the Fund's shareholder(s), if applicable, appointing the Adviser and each subadviser; ( 3 ) a copy of all proxy statements and related materials relating to the Fund; ( 4 ) a certified copy of the resolution of the Trust electing the officers of the Trust; and ( 5 ) any other documents, materials or information that the Adviser shall reasonably request to enable it to perform its duties pursuant to this Agreement. The Trust promptly furnish the Adviser with all amendments of or supplements to the foregoing except, in the case of item (5) the Trust shallprovide only those amendments or supplements requested.
(c) The Adviser has delivered to the Trust (i) a copy of its code of ethics complying with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act (the " Code of Ethics "); (ii) a copy of its Certificate of Formation and Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement; (iii) a copy of its compliance manual adopted under Rule 206(4)-7 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 ("Advisers Act"); and (iv) a copy of its Form ADV Part 1 and, if applicable, Form ADV Part 2A as filed with the SEC and Part 2B. The Adviser shall promptly furnish the Trust with all amendments of or supplements to any of the foregoing. The Adviser shall also deliver to the Trust any other documents, materials or information that the Trust shall reasonably request.
SECTION 2. DUTIES OF THE TRUST
In order for the Adviser to perform the services required by this Agreement, the Trust: (i) shall cause all service providers to the Trust to furnish information to the Adviser and to assist the Adviser as may be required; and (ii) shall ensure that the Adviser has reasonable access to all records and documents maintained by the Trust or any service provider to the Trust.
SECTION 3. DUTIES OF THE ADVISER
Subject to the delegation of any of the following duties to one or more persons as permitted by Section 9 of this Agreement, the Adviser, at its own expense, shall render the following services to the Trust:
(a) The Adviser will make decisions with respect to all purchases and sales of securities and other investment assets and related liabilities on behalf of the Fund consistent with the Fund's investment objectives, policies and restrictions. To carry out such decisions, the Adviser is hereby authorized, as agent and attorney-in-fact for the Trust, for the account of, at the risk of and in the name of the Trust, to place orders and issue instructions with respect to those transactions of the Fund. In all purchases, sales and other transactions in securities and other investments for the Fund, the Adviser is authorized to exercise full discretion and act for the Trust in the same manner and with the same force and effect as the Trust might or could do with respect to such purchases, sales or other transactions, as well as with respect to all other things necessary or incidental to the furtherance or conduct of such purchases, sales or other transactions, including voting with respect to securities owned by the Fund (by proxy or otherwise), subject to such proxy voting policies as approved by the Board. The Adviser shall keep confidential the Fund's holdings in accordance with the Fund's policy concerning the disclosure of such holdings. The Adviser also will treat confidentially and as proprietary information of the Trust all such records and other information relative to the Trust maintained by the Adviser, and will not use such records and information for any purpose other than
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performance of its responsibilities and duties hereunder, except after prior notification to and approval in writing by the Trust, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned and may not be withheld where the Adviser may be exposed to civil or criminal contempt proceedings for failure to comply, when requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities, or when so requested by Trust; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, the Adviser may disclose such information as required by applicable law, regulation or upon request by a regulator or auditor of Adviser;
Consistent with Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the " 1934 Act "), the Adviser may allocate brokerage on behalf of the Fund to one or more broker-dealers who provide research services. Subject to compliance with Section 28(e), the Adviser may cause the Fund to pay to any broker-dealer that provides research services a commission that exceeds the commission the Fund might have paid to a different broker-dealer for the same transaction if the Adviser determines, in good faith, that such amount of commission is reasonable in relationship to the value of such brokerage or research services provided viewed in terms of that particular transaction or the Adviser's overall responsibilities to the Fund or its other advisory clients. The Adviser may aggregate sales and purchase orders of the assets of the Fund with similar orders being made simultaneously for other accounts advised by the Adviser or its affiliated persons. Whenever the Adviser simultaneously places orders to purchase or sell the same asset on behalf of the Fund and one or more other accounts advised by the Adviser, the orders will be allocated as to price and amount among all such accounts in a manner believed to be equitable over time to each account.
(b) The Adviser will report to the Board at each meeting thereof as requested by the Board all material changes in the Fund since the prior report, and will also keep the Board informed of important developments affecting the Trust, the Fund and the Adviser, and on its own initiative, or as requested by the Board, will furnish the Board from time to time with such information as the Adviser may believe appropriate for this purpose, whether concerning the individual companies whose securities are included in the Fund's holdings, the industries in which they engage, the economic, social or political conditions prevailing in each country in which the Fund maintains investments, or otherwise. The Adviser will also furnish the Board with such statistical and analytical information with respect to investments of the Fund as the Adviser may believe appropriate or as the Board reasonably may request. In making purchases and sales of securities and other investment assets for the Fund, the Adviser shall comply with the directions and policies set from time to time by the Board as well as the limitations imposed by the Trust's or the Fund's policies and procedures, the Registration Statement, the 1940 Act, the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and other applicable laws.
(c) The Adviser will from time to time employ or associate with such persons as the Adviser believes to be particularly fitted to assist in the execution of the Adviser's duties hereunder, the cost of performance of such duties to be borne and paid by the Adviser. No obligation may be incurred on the Trust's behalf in any such respect.
(d) The Adviser will report to the Board all matters related to the Adviser that are material to the Adviser's performance of this Agreement. The Adviser will notify the Trust as
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soon as reasonably practicable and, where possible, in advance of any change of control of the Adviser and any changes in the key personnel who are either the portfolio manager(s) of the Fund or senior management of the Adviser.
(e) The Adviser shall maintain policies and procedures relating to the services it provides to the Trust that are reasonably designed to prevent, detect and correct violations of the federal securities laws as they relate to the Trust, and shall employ personnel to administer the policies and procedures who have the requisite level of skill and competence required to effectively discharge its responsibilities. The Adviser will keep the Board and the Trust's chief compliance officer ("CCO") informed of the individual responsible for administering the policies and procedures of the Adviser adopted pursuant to Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act. As a service provider to the Trust, the Adviser shall cooperate fully with the CCO in the execution of the CCO's responsibilities under Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act. The Adviser also shall provide, upon reasonable request, the CCO with periodic reports regarding its compliance with the federal securities laws, and shall promptly provide special reports in the event of any material violation of the federal securities laws. Upon the written request of the Trust, the Adviser shall permit the Trust or its representatives to examine the reports required to be made to the Adviser under the Code of Ethics.
(f) The Adviser will maintain records relating to its duties hereunder (including portfolio transactions and placing and allocation of brokerage orders) as are required to be maintained by the Trust under the 1940 Act and in accordance with the Advisers Act. The Adviser shall prepare and maintain, or cause to be prepared and maintained, in such form, for such periods and in such locations as may be required by applicable law, all documents and records relating to the services provided by the Adviser pursuant to this Agreement required to be prepared and maintained by the Adviser or the Trust pursuant to applicable law. The Adviser agrees that the books and records pertaining to the Trust and required to be maintained under the 1940 Act that are in possession of the Adviser shall be the property of the Trust. The Trust, or its representatives, shall have access to such books and records at all times during the Adviser's normal business hours. Upon the reasonable request of the Trust, copies of any such books and records shall be provided promptly by the Adviser to the Trust or its representatives.
(g) The Adviser will cooperate with the Fund's independent public accountants and shall take reasonable action to make all necessary information available to those accountants for the performance of the accountants' duties.
(h) The Adviser will provide the Trust and the Fund's custodian and fund accountant on each business day with such information relating to all transactions concerning the Fund's assets and liabilities as the Trust or the Fund's custodian and fund accountant may reasonably require, including, but not limited to, information required to be provided under the Trust's Portfolio Securities Valuation Procedures; provided, however, that the Adviser shall not be deemed to be the pricing agent for the Fund.
(i) In the performance of its duties under this Agreement the Adviser will (i) satisfy its fiduciary duties to the Trust, (ii) monitor the Fund's investments and (iii) comply with the provisions of the Trust's Trust Instrument, as amended from time to time, and the applicable tax
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and regulatory requirements. The Adviser will make its officers and employees available to the Trust from time to time at reasonable times to review investment policies of the Fund and to consult with regarding the investment affairs of the Fund.
SECTION 4. COMPENSATION; EXPENSES
(a) In consideration of the foregoing, the Trust shall pay the Adviser, with respect to the Fund, a fee at an annual rate as listed in Appendix A hereto. Such fees shall be accrued by the Trust daily and shall be payable monthly in arrears on the fifth business day of each calendar month for services performed hereunder during the prior calendar month. If fees begin to accrue in the middle of a month or if this Agreement terminates before the end of any month, all fees for the period from that date to the end of that month or from the beginning of that month to the date of termination, as the case may be, shall be prorated according to the proportion that the period bears to the full month in which the effectiveness or termination occurs. Upon the termination of this Agreement with respect to the Fund, the Trust shall pay to the Adviser such compensation as shall be payable prior to the effective date of termination.
(b) The Adviser may reimburse expenses of the Fund or waive its fees to the extent necessary to maintain the Fund's expense ratio at an agreed-upon amount for a period of time as may be specified in a separate written agreement. The Adviser's reimbursement of the Fund's expenses shall be estimated and paid to the Trust monthly in arrears, at the same time as the Trust's payment to the Adviser for such month, if any, and the Adviser hereby authorizes the Trust, upon notice to the Adviser, to setoff any such payment against fees payable to the Adviser pursuant to Section 4(a) hereof.
(c) To the extent prohibited by law, no fee shall be payable hereunder with respect to that portion of Fund assets that are invested in any other account or fund for which the Adviser serves as investment adviser or subadviser and for which the Adviser already receives an advisory fee.
(d) The Trust shall be responsible for and assumes the obligation for payment of all Trust expenses not waived, assumed or agreed to be paid by the Adviser, including, but not limited to: (i) the fee payable under this Agreement; (ii) the fees payable to each administrator under an agreement between the administrator and the Trust; (iii) expenses of issue, repurchase and redemption of Shares; (iv) interest charges, taxes, brokerage fees and commissions, and dividends on short sales; (v) premiums of insurance for the Trust, its trustees and officers, and fidelity bond premiums; (vi) fees and expenses of third parties, including the Trust's independent public accountant, custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and fund accountant; (vii) fees of pricing, interest, dividend, credit and other reporting services; (viii) costs of membership in trade associations; (ix) telecommunications expenses; (x) funds' transmission expenses; (xi) auditing, legal and compliance expenses; (xii) costs of forming the Trust and maintaining its existence; (xiii) costs of preparing, filing and printing the Trust's Prospectuses, subscription application forms and shareholder reports and other communications and delivering them to existing shareholders, whether of record or beneficial; (xiv) expenses of meetings of shareholders and proxy solicitations therefor; (xv) costs of maintaining books of original entry for portfolio and fund accounting and other required books and accounts, of calculating the net
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asset value of Shares and of preparing tax returns; (xvi) costs of reproduction, stationery, supplies and postage; (xvii) fees and expenses of the Trust's trustees and officers; (xviii) the costs of personnel (who may be employees of the Adviser, an administrator or their respective affiliated persons) performing services for the Trust; (xix) costs of Board, Board committee and other corporate meetings; (xx) SEC registration fees and related expenses; (xxi) state, territory or foreign securities laws registration fees and related expenses; and (xxii) all fees and expenses paid by the Trust in accordance with any distribution or service plan or agreement related to similar matters, except, in all such cases, expenses that are waived, assumed or agreed to be paid by the Adviser.
SECTION 5. STANDARD OF CARE; INDEMNITY
(a) The Trust shall expect of the Adviser, and the Adviser will give the Trust the benefit of, the Adviser's best judgment and efforts in rendering its services to the Trust. The Adviser shall not be liable hereunder for any mistake of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission taken or in any event whatsoever with respect to the Trust, the Fund or any of the Fund's shareholders in the absence of bad faith, willful misfeasance or negligence in the performance of the Adviser's duties or obligations under this Agreement or by reason of the Adviser's reckless disregard of its duties and obligations under this Agreement.
(b) Adviser shall not be liable for the errors of other service providers to the Trust, including the errors of pricing services, administrator, fund accountant, custodian or transfer agent to the Trust, unless such errors arise from the Adviser's providing false or misleading information to other service providers. The Adviser shall not be liable to the Trust for any action taken or failure to act in good faith reliance upon: (i) information, instructions or requests, whether oral or written, with respect to the Fund made to the Adviser by a duly authorized officer of the Trust; (ii) the advice of counsel to the Trust; and (iii) any written instruction or certified copy of any resolution of the Board or any agent of the Board.
(c) The Adviser agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Trust, each Fund and their respective employees, agents, trustees and officers against and from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits, judgments, liabilities, losses, damages, costs, charges, fees and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) of every nature and character arising out of or in any way related to (i) any breach of the Adviser's obligations under this Agreement, (ii) any acts or failures to act of Adviser for which the Adviser would be liable under Section 5(a) , (iii) any breach of a representation or warranty of the Adviser set forth in this Agreement and (iv) claims or demands by any employee, agent, trustee, member or manager of the Adviser in their capacity as such. The Trust is hereby authorized to deduct any amounts payable in respect of the Adviser's indemnification obligations hereunder from any fees payable to the Adviser pursuant to Section 4(a) .
(d) The Adviser shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its reasonable control including, but not limited to, acts of civil or military authority, national emergencies, labor difficulties (other than those related to the
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Adviser's employees), fire, mechanical breakdowns, flood or catastrophe, acts of God, insurrection, war, riots or failure of the mails, transportation, communication or power supply.
SECTION 6. EFFECTIVENESS, DURATION AND TERMINATION
(a) This Agreement shall become effective with respect to a Fund as of the date specified in Appendix A hereto following the approval (i) by a vote of a majority of those trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of such party, and (ii) if required by the 1940 Act, by a vote of a majority of the Fund's outstanding voting securities.
(b) This Agreement shall remain in effect with respect to a Fund for a period of two years from the date of its effectiveness with respect to that Fund and shall continue in effect for successive annual periods thereafter; provided, however, that such continuance is specifically approved at least annually: (i) by the Board or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and, in either case; (ii) by a majority of the Trust's trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party (other than as trustees of the Trust); provided, however, that if the continuation of this Agreement is not approved as to a Fund, the Adviser may continue to render to that Fund the services described herein in the manner and to the extent permitted by applicable law.
(c) This Agreement may be terminated immediately by the Trust with respect to a Fund, without payment of any penalty, if the Board, in its discretion and having due regard to the protection of investors, finds that the services being rendered by the Adviser under this Agreement, fail in a material way to provide responsible management to the Fund or Funds as reasonably expected by an investment adviser registered under the Advisers Act.
(d) This Agreement may be terminated with respect to a Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty: (i) by the Board or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund on 60 days' written notice to the Adviser; or (ii) by the Adviser on 60 days' written notice to the Trust. This Agreement shall terminate immediately upon its assignment.
SECTION 7. ACTIVITIES OF THE ADVISER
Except to the extent necessary to perform its obligations hereunder, nothing herein shall be deemed to limit or restrict the Adviser's right, or the right of any of the Adviser's directors, officers or employees to engage in any other business or to devote time and attention to the management or other aspects of any other business, whether of a similar or dissimilar nature, or to render services of any kind to any other person.
SECTION 8. REPRESENTATIONS OF ADVISER.
The Adviser represents and warrants that it: (i) is registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act (and will continue to be so registered for so long as this Agreement remains in effect); (ii) is not prohibited by the 1940 Act or the Advisers Act from performing the
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services contemplated by this Agreement; (iii) has met, and will seek to continue to meet for so long as this Agreement remains in effect, any other applicable federal or state requirements, or the applicable requirements of any self-regulatory agency, necessary to be met in order to perform the services contemplated by this Agreement; (iv) will promptly notify the Trust of the occurrence of any event that would disqualify the Adviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9(a) of the 1940 Act or otherwise; (v) will promptly notify the Trust if the Adviser is the subject of an administrative proceeding or enforcement action by the SEC or other regulatory authority; (vi) will promptly notify the Trust of any material fact known to the Adviser respecting or relating to the Adviser that would make any written information provided to the Trust materially inaccurate or incomplete or if any such written information becomes untrue in any material respect; (vii) will promptly notify the Trust if the Adviser suffers a material adverse change in its business that would materially impair its ability to perform its relevant duties for the Fund. For the purposes of this paragraph, a "material adverse change" shall include, but is not limited to, a material loss of assets or accounts under management or the departure (or threatened departure) of senior investment professionals to the extent such professionals are not replaced promptly with professionals of comparable experience and quality.
SECTION 9. SUBADVISERS
At its own expense, the Adviser may carry out any of its obligations under this Agreement by employing, subject to the direction and control of the Board, one or more persons who are registered as investment advisers pursuant to the Advisers Act or who are exempt from registration thereunder (" Subadvisers "). Each Subadviser's employment will be evidenced by a separate written agreement approved by the Board and, if required, by the shareholders of the applicable Fund. The Adviser shall not be liable hereunder for any act or omission of any Subadviser, except to exercise good faith in the employment of the Subadviser and except with respect to matters as to which the Adviser assumes responsibility in writing.
SECTION 10. LIMITATION OF SHAREHOLDER AND TRUSTEE LIABILITY
The Trustees of the Trust and the shareholders of the Fund shall not be personally liable for any obligations of the Trust or of any Fund under this Agreement, and the Adviser agrees that, in asserting any rights or claims under this Agreement, it shall look only to the assets and property of the Trust or Fund to which the Adviser's rights or claims relate in settlement of such rights or claims, and not to the Trustees of the Trust or the shareholders of any Fund.
SECTION 11. RIGHTS TO NAME
If the Adviser ceases to act as investment adviser to the Trust or any Fund whose name includes the term "CVR" (the " Mark ") or if the Adviser requests in writing, the Trust shall take prompt action to change the name of the Trust or any such Fund to a name that does not include the Mark. The Adviser may from time to time make available without charge to the Trust for the Trust's use any marks or symbols owned by the Adviser, including marks or symbols containing the Mark or any variation thereof, as the Adviser deems appropriate. Upon the Adviser's request in writing, the Trust shall cease to use any such mark or symbol at any time. The Trust
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acknowledges that any rights in or to the Mark and any such marks or symbols that may exist on the date of this Agreement or arise hereafter are, and under any and all circumstances shall continue to be, the sole property of the Adviser. The Adviser may permit other parties, including other investment companies, to use the Mark in their names without the consent of the Trust. The Trust shall not use the Mark in conducting any business other than that of an investment company registered under the 1940 Act without the permission of the Adviser.
SECTION 12. MISCELLANEOUS
(a) Except as permitted by applicable law, no provisions of this Agreement may be amended or modified in any manner except by a written agreement properly authorized and executed by both parties hereto and, if required by the 1940 Act, by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of any Fund thereby affected.
(b) No amendment to this Agreement or the termination of this Agreement with respect to a Fund shall affect this Agreement as it pertains to any other Fund, nor shall any such amendment require the vote of the shareholders of any other Fund.
(c) Neither party to this Agreement shall be liable to the other party for consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement.
(d) This Agreement shall be construed, performed and enforced in accordance with, and governed by, the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the principles of conflicts of law thereof except Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the New York General Obligations Law. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably agrees that any action or proceeding against it seeking any remedy arising out of this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby shall be brought only in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction over such dispute, in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in and for the County of New York, preserving, however, all rights of removal to a federal court under 28 U.S.C. § 1441), and each party consents to service of process outside the territorial jurisdiction of any such court and will not assert the defense of lack of personal jurisdiction or forum non conveniens in response to any such action or seek to change venue from the forum in which any such action is initially commenced.
(e) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto and supersedes any prior agreement between those parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, whether oral or written.
(f) This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto on any number of counterparts, and all of the counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.
(g) If any part, term or provision of this Agreement is held to be illegal, in conflict with any law or otherwise invalid, the remaining portion or portions shall be considered severable and not be affected, and the rights and obligations of the parties shall be construed and
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enforced as if the Agreement did not contain the particular part, term or provision held to be illegal or invalid.
(h) Section headings in this Agreement are included for convenience only and are not to be used to construe or interpret this Agreement. Words in the singular include the plural and in the plural include the singular. The words "including", "includes", "included" and "include", when used, are deemed to be followed by the words "without limitation." Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words "hereof," "herein" and "hereunder" and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement.
(i) Notices, requests, instructions and communications received by the parties at their respective principal places of business, as indicated above, or at such other address as a party may have designated in writing, shall be deemed to have been properly given.
(j) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the parties agree that the assets and liabilities of each Fund are separate and distinct from the assets and liabilities of each other Fund and each other series of the Trust and that no Fund shall be liable or shall be charged for any debt, obligation or liability of any other Fund or any other series of the Trust, whether arising under this Agreement or otherwise.
(k) No affiliated person, employee, agent, director, officer or manager of the Adviser shall be liable at law or in equity for the Adviser's obligations under this Agreement.
(l) The terms "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities", "interested person", "affiliated person," "control" and "assignment" shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the 1940 Act.
(m) Each of the undersigned warrants and represents that they have full power and authority to sign this Agreement on behalf of the party indicated and that their signature will bind the party indicated to the terms hereof and each party hereto warrants and represents that this Agreement, when executed and delivered, will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the party, enforceable against the party in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties.
(n) The Adviser shall not use the name of the Trust or any Fund on any checks, bank drafts, bank statements or forms for other than internal use in a manner not approved by the Trust prior thereto in writing; provided however, that the approval of the Trust shall not be required for the use of the Trust's or Fund's name that merely refers in accurate and factual terms to the Trust or Fund in connection with Adviser's role hereunder or that is required by any appropriate regulatory, governmental or judicial authority; and further provided that in no event shall such approval be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.
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(o) Reference to any law is deemed to include the rules and regulations promulgated under or related to the law and any regulatory interpretations or exemptive relief or judicial or similar holdings related to the law.
(p) The provisions of Sections 5 , 6 , 10 , 11 and 12 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.
FORUM FUNDS II
By:
/s/ Stacey E. Hong
Stacey E. Hong
President
CVR PORTFOLIO FUNDS LLC
By:
/s/ William Monaghan
By: William Monaghan
Title: Managing Member
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FORUM FUNDS II
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
Appendix A
| Fund |
Fee as a % of the Annual
Average Daily Net Assets of the Fund |
Effective Date | ||||||
| CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund | 1.10% | December 27, 2013 |
SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
CVR PORTFOLIO FUNDS LLC AND
SSARIS ADVISORS, LLC
AGREEMENT made as of the 30th day of December, 2013, by and between CVR Portfolio Funds LLC, a Delaware limited liability company with its principal office and place of business at 10 High Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02110 (the "Adviser") and SSARIS Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company with its principal office and place of business at 187 Danbury Road, Suite 2C, Courtside Building, Wilton, CT 06897 (the "Subadviser").
WHEREAS , Adviser has entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement dated the 27th day of December, 2013 ("Advisory Agreement") with Forum Funds II, a Delaware statutory trust, with its principal office and place of business at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600, Portland, Maine 04101 (the "Trust");
WHEREAS, the Trust is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), as an open-end, management investment company and may issue its shares of beneficial interest, no par value, in separate series;
WHEREAS , pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, and subject to the direction and control of the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the "Board"), the Adviser acts as investment adviser for the series of the Trust listed on Appendix A hereto (the "Fund");
WHEREAS, it is intended that the Trust be a third-party beneficiary under this Agreement; and
WHEREAS , Adviser desires to retain the Subadviser to perform investment advisory services for the Fund for that portion, if any, of the Fund's assets that the Adviser allocates to the Subadviser from time to time on or after the date of this Agreement as set forth above ("Allocated Assets") and Subadviser is willing to provide such services on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement;
NOW THEREFORE , for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the Adviser and the Subadviser hereby agree as follows:
SECTION 1. APPOINTMENT; DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS
(a) The Adviser hereby appoints Subadviser, subject to the direction and control of the Board and subject to the oversight of the Adviser, to manage the investment and reinvestment of Allocated Assets and to provide other services as specified herein. The Subadviser accepts this appointment and agrees to render its services for the compensation set forth herein. To the extent practical, the Adviser will seek to provide 30 days prior notice before any material reallocation of assets away from the Subadviser. The Subadviser shall discharge the foregoing responsibilities in compliance with the objectives, policies, and limitations for the Fund set forth
in the Trust's current registration statement as amended from time to time and applicable laws and regulations and in compliance with any guidelines set by the Adviser from time to time provided such guidelines also are in compliance with the foregoing.
(b) In connection therewith, the Adviser has delivered to the Subadviser copies of (i) the Trust's Trust Instrument, (ii) the Trust's Registration Statement and all amendments thereto filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or the 1940 Act (the "Registration Statement"), (iii) the Trust's current Prospectuses and Statements of Additional Information for the Fund (collectively, as currently in effect and as amended or supplemented, the "Prospectus"), (iv) each plan of distribution or similar document adopted by the Trust on behalf of the Fund under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act and each current shareholder service plan or similar document adopted by the Trust on behalf of the Fund; and (v) all policies and procedures adopted by the Trust with respect to the Fund ( e.g., repurchase agreement procedures, Rule 17a-7 Procedures and Rule 17e-1 Procedures), and shall promptly furnish the Subadviser with all amendments of or supplements to the foregoing. The Adviser shall deliver to the Subadviser: (1) a certified copy of the resolution of the Board, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) appointing the Adviser and Subadviser and approving the Trust's advisory agreement with the Adviser and this Agreement; (2) a certified copy of the resolution of the Fund's shareholder(s), if applicable, appointing the Adviser and Subadviser; (3) a copy of all applicable proxy statements and related materials relating to the Fund; and (4) a certified copy of the resolution from the Trust and/or the Adviser identifying the respective officers; and (5) any other documents, materials or information that the Subadviser shall reasonably request to enable it to perform its duties pursuant to this Agreement.
(c) The Subadviser has delivered to the Adviser and the Trust a copy of: its (i) Form ADV as most recently filed with the SEC and any applicable brochure supplements, (ii) code of ethics complying with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act (the "Code") and (iii) its compliance program that meets the requirements of the federal securities laws. The Subadviser shall promptly furnish the Adviser and Trust with all amendments of or supplements to the foregoing.
SECTION 2. DUTIES OF THE ADVISER
In order for the Subadviser to perform the services required by this Agreement, the Adviser shall (i) cause all service providers to the Trust to furnish information to the Subadviser and assist the Subadviser as may be required; (ii) ensure that the Subadviser has reasonable access to all records and documents maintained by the Trust, the Adviser or any service provider to the Trust; and (iii) deliver to the Subadviser all materials it provides to the Board in accordance with the Advisory Agreement. In the event that this Agreement terminates and the Subadviser is no longer providing services with respect to the Allocated Assets, Adviser will manage those assets, unless another subadviser is hired to manage the assets.
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SECTION 3. DUTIES OF THE SUBADVISER
(a) The Subadviser will make decisions with respect to all purchases and sales of securities and other investment assets of the Allocated Assets. To carry out such decisions, the Subadviser is hereby authorized, as agent and attorney-in-fact for the Trust, for the account of, at the risk of and in the name of the Trust, to place orders and issue instructions with respect to the Allocated Assets. In all purchases, sales and other transactions in securities and other investments in the Allocated Assets, the Subadviser is authorized to exercise full discretion and act for the Trust in the same manner and with the same force and effect as the Trust might or could do with respect to such purchases, sales or other transactions, as well as with respect to all other things necessary or incidental to the furtherance or conduct of such purchases, sales or other transactions, including voting of proxies with respect to securities owned by the Fund, subject to such proxy voting policies as approved by the Board and including entering into such agreements (such as, but not limited to futures or other derivatives) as is deemed necessary by Subadviser to manage the Allocated Assets. All such investments will conform to the Prospectus or other applicable guidelines. The Subadviser shall have no responsibility under this Agreement with respect to the management of assets of the Fund other than the Allocated Assets.
Consistent with Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("1934 Act"), and applicable regulations and interpretations, the Subadviser, to the extent applicable, may allocate brokerage on behalf of the Fund to a broker-dealer who provides research services. Subject to compliance with Section 28(e), the Subadviser may cause the Fund to pay to a broker-dealer who provides research services a commission that exceeds the commission the Fund might have paid to a different broker-dealer for the same transaction if the Subadviser determines, in good faith, that such amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of such brokerage or research services provided viewed in terms of that particular transaction or the Subadviser's overall responsibilities to the Fund or its other advisory clients. The Subadviser may aggregate sales and purchase orders of the assets of the Fund with similar orders being made simultaneously for other accounts advised by the Subadviser or its affiliates. Whenever the Subadviser simultaneously places orders to purchase or sell the same asset on behalf of the Fund and one or more other accounts advised by the Subadviser, the Subadviser will allocate the order as to price and amount among all such accounts in a manner believed to be equitable over time to each account.
(b) The Subadviser will report to the Board at each meeting thereof as reasonably requested by the Adviser or the Board all material changes in the Allocated Assets of the Fund since the prior report, and will also keep the Board informed of important developments affecting the Trust, the Fund and the Subadviser, and on its own initiative, or as reasonably requested by the Adviser or the Board, will furnish the Board from time to time with such information as the Subadviser may believe appropriate for this purpose, whether concerning the individual companies whose securities are included in the Fund's holdings, the industries in which they engage, the economic, social or political conditions prevailing in each country in which the Fund maintains investments, or otherwise. The Subadviser will also furnish the Board with such statistical and analytical information with respect to investments of the Fund as the Subadviser may believe appropriate or as the Adviser or the Board reasonably may request. In making purchases and sales of securities and other investment assets for the Fund, the
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Subadviser will comply with the directions and policies set from time to time by the Board as well as the limitations imposed by the Trust's or the Fund's policies and procedures, the Registration Statement, the 1940 Act, the Securities Act, the 1934 Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and other applicable laws. In making purchases and sales of securities and other investment assets for the Fund, the Subadviser is prohibited from consulting with other subadvisers to the Fund, except for the purpose of complying with the conditions of Rule 12d3-1(a) and (b) under the 1940 Act. The Adviser will provide reasonable notice to the Subadviser of any material changes to the Trust's policies and procedures applicable to the Fund and the Prospectus.
(c) The Subadviser will from time to time employ or associate with such persons as the Subadviser believes to be particularly fitted to assist in the execution of the Subadviser's duties hereunder, the cost of performance of such duties to be borne and paid by the Subadviser. No obligation may be incurred on the Trust's or Adviser's behalf in any such respect. The Adviser acknowledges receipt of the Subadviser's Form ADV and any applicable brochure supplements.
(d) The Subadviser will report to the Board all matters related to the Subadviser that are material to the Subadviser's performance of this Agreement. On an annual basis, the Subadviser shall report on its compliance with its Code to the Adviser and to the Board. The Subadviser will notify the Adviser and the Trust of any change of control of the Subadviser and any changes in the key personnel who are either the portfolio manager(s) of the Allocated Assets or senior management of the Subadviser, in each case prior to or promptly after such change.
(e) The Subadviser will maintain records relating to its portfolio transactions and placing and allocation of brokerage orders with respect to the Allocated Assets as are required to be maintained by the Trust under the 1940 Act. The Subadviser shall prepare and maintain, or cause to be prepared and maintained, in such form, for such periods and in such locations as may be required by applicable law, all documents and records relating to the services provided by the Subadviser pursuant to this Agreement required to be prepared and maintained by the Subadviser or the Trust pursuant to applicable law. To the extent required by law, the books and records pertaining to the Allocated Assets, which are in possession of the Subadviser, shall be the property of the Trust. The Adviser and the Trust, or their respective representatives, shall have access to such books and records at all times during the Subadviser's normal business hours. Upon the reasonable request of the Adviser or the Trust, copies of any such books and records shall be provided promptly by the Subadviser to the Adviser and the Trust, or their respective representatives.
(f) The Subadviser will cooperate with the Fund's independent public accountants and shall take reasonable action to make all necessary information available to the accountants for the performance of the accountants' duties.
(g) The Subadviser will provide the Fund and the Fund's custodian and fund accountant on each business day with such information relating to all transactions concerning the Allocated Assets as the Fund and the Fund's custodian and fund accountant may reasonably require, including but not limited to information required to be provided under the Trust's
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Portfolio Securities Valuation Procedures; provided however the Subadviser is only assisting the Fund in its pricing responsibilities and shall not be deemed the pricing agent for the Fund.
(h) The Subadviser shall have no duties or obligations pursuant to this Agreement (other than the continuation of its preexisting duties and obligations) during any period that the Adviser has not allocated any portion of the Fund's assets to the Subadviser for management.
(i) The Subadviser may invest Allocated Assets in registered, open-end, management investment companies for which the Subadviser serves as investment adviser or subadviser upon the prior notice to and consent of the Adviser.
(j) The Subadviser may effect transactions with respect to the Allocated Assets pursuant to Rules 17a-7 and 17e-1 of the 1940 if such transactions are effected in accordance with the Trust's Rule 17a-7 Procedures and Rule 17e-1 Procedures.
(k) The Subadviser, at its expense, will provide the Adviser with such compliance reports and certifications relating to its duties under this Agreement and the federal securities laws as may be agreed upon by such parties from time to time. The Subadviser also shall: (i) cooperate with and provide reasonable assistance to the Adviser, the Trust's administrator, custodian, transfer agent and pricing agents and all other agents and representatives of the Fund, the Trust and the Adviser; (ii) keep all such persons fully informed as to such matters as they may reasonably deem necessary to the performance of their obligations to the Fund, the Trust and the Adviser; (iii) provide prompt responses to reasonable requests made by such persons; and (iv) maintain any appropriate interfaces with each so as to promote the efficient exchange of information.
(l) The Subadviser will vote all proxies solicited by or with respect to the issuers of securities in which assets of the Fund may be invested from time to time and which constitute Allocated Assets in accordance with the Subadviser's proxy voting policies and procedures, as approved by the Board.
SECTION 4. COMPENSATION; EXPENSES
(a) In consideration of the foregoing, the Adviser shall pay the Subadviser, with respect to the Allocated Assets, a fee at an annual rate as listed in Appendix B hereto. Such fees shall be accrued by the Adviser daily and shall be payable monthly in arrears within 15 days of each calendar month for services performed hereunder during the prior calendar month. If fees begin to accrue in the middle of a month or if this Agreement terminates before the end of any month, all fees for the period from that date to the end of that month or from the beginning of that month to the date of termination, as the case may be, shall be prorated according to the proportion that the period bears to the full month in which the effectiveness or termination occurs. Upon termination of this Agreement with respect to the Fund, the Adviser shall pay to the Subadviser such compensation as shall be payable prior to the effective date of the termination.
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(b) No fee shall be payable hereunder with respect to that portion of the Allocated Assets which are invested in registered, open-end, management investment companies for which the Subadviser serves as investment adviser or subadviser and for which Subadviser already receives an advisory fee.
(c) During the term of this Agreement, the Subadviser shall pay all of its own expenses incurred by it in connection with its activities under this Agreement and Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC, the Adviser and/or Fund, as they may agree from time to time, shall bear all expenses that are incurred in their operations not specifically assumed by the Subadviser.
SECTION 5. STANDARD OF CARE AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
(a) The Adviser shall expect of the Subadviser, and the Subadviser will give the Adviser the benefit of, the Subadviser's best judgment and efforts in rendering its services hereunder. The Subadviser shall not be liable hereunder to the Adviser or the Trust for any mistake of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission taken or in any event whatsoever with respect to the Trust, the Fund or any of the Fund's shareholders in the absence of bad faith, willful misfeasance or negligence in the performance of the Subadviser's duties or obligations under this Agreement or by reason of the Subadviser's reckless disregard of its duties and obligations under this Agreement. The Subadviser acknowledges that the federal securities laws impose liabilities under certain circumstances on persons who have a fiduciary duty toward their clients and, therefore, nothing herein shall in any way constitute a waiver or limitation of any rights which the Adviser or the Trust may have under any federal securities laws.
(b) The Subadviser shall not be liable to the Adviser or the Trust for any action taken or failure to act in good faith reliance upon: (i) information, instructions or requests, whether oral or written, with respect to the Fund made to the Subadviser by a duly authorized officer of the Adviser or the Trust; (ii) the advice of counsel to the Trust; and (iii) any written instruction or certified copy of any resolution of the Board.
(c) The Subadviser shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its reasonable control including, without limitation, acts of civil or military authority, national emergencies, labor difficulties (other than those related to the Subadviser's employees), fire, mechanical breakdowns, flood or catastrophe, acts of God, insurrection, war, riots or failure of the mails, transportation, communication or power supply.
(d) The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the Trust is a third-party beneficiary as to the covenants, obligations, representations and warranties undertaken by the Subadviser under this Agreement and as to the rights and privileges to which the Adviser is entitled pursuant to this Agreement, and that the Trust is entitled to all of the rights and privileges associated with such third-party-beneficiary status.
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SECTION 6. EFFECTIVENESS, DURATION AND TERMINATION
(a) This Agreement shall become effective with respect to the Fund as of the date specified in Appendix A to this Agreement following the approval (i) by a vote of a majority of those trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of such party cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on this Agreement, and (ii) if required by the 1940 Act or applicable staff interpretations thereof, by vote of a majority of the Fund's outstanding voting securities.
(b) This Agreement shall remain in effect with respect to the Fund for a period of two years from the date of its effectiveness and shall continue in effect for successive annual periods with respect to the Fund; provided that such continuance is specifically approved at least annually (i) by the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and, in either case, (ii) by a majority of the Trust's Trustees who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act); provided further, however, that if the continuation of this Agreement is not approved as to the Fund, the Subadviser may continue to render to the Fund the services described herein in the manner and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
(c) This Agreement may be terminated by the Fund if the Board of Trustees of the Trust, in its reasonable discretion and having due regard to the protection of investors and to the effectuation of the policies declared in section 1(b) of the 1940 Act, find that the services being rendered by the Subadviser under this Agreement, fail in a material way to provide responsible management to the Fund as reasonably expected by an investment adviser, as defined in the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the "Advisers Act"); provided that the Subadviser shall have the opportunity, within ten (10) days of receipt of a written notice describing any such failure and the reasons therefor in reasonable detail, to cure the failure that is the subject of such notice.
(d) This Agreement may be terminated with respect to the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, (i) by the Board, by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund or by the Adviser on 60 days' written notice to the Subadviser or (ii) by the Subadviser on 60 days' written notice to the Trust. This Agreement shall terminate immediately (x) upon its assignment or (y) upon termination of the Advisory Agreement.
SECTION 7. ACTIVITIES OF THE SUBADVISER
Except to the extent necessary to perform its obligations hereunder, nothing herein shall be deemed to limit or restrict the Subadviser's right, or the right of any of the Subadviser's partners, directors, officers or employees to engage in any other business or to devote time and attention to the management or other aspects of any other business, whether of a similar or dissimilar nature, or to render services of any kind to any other entity.
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SECTION 8. REPRESENTATIONS OF SUBADVISER.
The Subadviser represents and warrants to the Adviser that:
(a) It is either registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act (and will continue to be so registered for so long as this Agreement remains in effect) or exempt from registration under the Advisers Act;
(b) It is not prohibited by the 1940 Act or the Advisers Act from performing the services contemplated by this Agreement;
(c) It has met, and will seek to continue to meet for so long as this Agreement remains in effect, any other applicable federal or state requirements, or the applicable requirements of any self-regulatory agency, necessary to be met by the Subadviser in order to perform its services contemplated by this Agreement; and
(d) It will promptly notify the Adviser and the Trust of the occurrence of any event that would disqualify the Subadviser from serving as an investment adviser of an investment company pursuant to Section 9(a) of the 1940 Act or other applicable law, rule or regulation.
SECTION 9. LIMITATION OF SHAREHOLDER AND TRUSTEE LIABILITY
The Trustees of the Trust and the shareholders of the Fund shall not be personally liable for any obligations of the Trust or of the Fund under this Agreement, and the Subadviser agrees that, in asserting any rights or claims under this Agreement, it shall look only to the assets and property of the Trust or the Fund to which the Subadviser's rights or claims relate in settlement of such rights or claims, and not to the Trustees of the Trust or the shareholders of the Fund.
SECTION 10. MISCELLANEOUS
(a) No provisions of this Agreement may be amended or modified in any manner except by a written agreement properly authorized and executed by both parties hereto and approved by the Trust in the manner set forth in Section 6(a) hereof.
(b) Neither party to this Agreement shall be liable to the other party for consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement.
(c) This Agreement shall be governed by, and the provisions of this Agreement shall be construed and interpreted under and in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware.
(d) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto and supersedes any prior agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof, whether oral or written.
(e) This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto on any number of counterparts, and all of the counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.
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(f) If any part, term or provision of this Agreement is held to be illegal, in conflict with any law or otherwise invalid, the remaining portion or portions shall be considered severable and not be affected, and the rights and obligations of the parties shall be construed and enforced as if the Agreement did not contain the particular part, term or provision held to be illegal or invalid. This Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by both the Adviser and Subadviser and no presumptions shall arise favoring any party by virtue of authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
(g) Section headings in this Agreement are included for convenience only and are not to be used to construe or interpret this Agreement.
(h) Notices, requests, instructions and communications received by the parties at their respective principal places of business, as indicated above, or at such other address as a party may have designated in writing, shall be deemed to have been properly given.
(i) No affiliated person, employee, agent, director, partner, officer or manager of the Subadviser shall be liable at law or in equity for the Subadviser's obligations under this Agreement.
(j) The terms "vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities", "interested person", "affiliated person," "control" and "assignment" shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the 1940 Act.
(k) Each of the undersigned warrants and represents that they have full power and authority to sign this Agreement on behalf of the party indicated and that their signature will bind the party indicated to the terms hereof and each party hereto warrants and represents that this Agreement, when executed and delivered, will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the party, enforceable against the party in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties.
(l) Any information and advice furnished by either party to this Agreement to the other shall be treated as confidential and shall not be disclosed to third parties without the consent of the other party hereto except as required by law, rule or regulation. The Subadviser hereby consents to the disclosure to third parties of investment results and other Fund data in connection with providing composite investment results and related information of the Adviser. The Subadviser also consents to the disclosure of Fund data to the Fund's other service providers so that those providers may perform the services they are contractually obligated to render to the Trust. The Adviser consents to the disclosure by the Subadviser of its investment results of the Allocated Assets, as part of composite investment results or otherwise. The Adviser further consents to the disclosure of the Subadviser's relationship with the Adviser and the Fund, including the value of the Allocated Assets from time to time.
(m) The Subadviser may from time to time make available without charge to the Adviser or the Trust any marks or symbols owned by the Subadviser (the "Mark"), including
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marks or symbols containing the Mark or any variation thereof, to use in the Fund's Registration Statement and/or Fund sales literature. Any use of the Marks shall be subject to the direction and control of the Subadviser.
(n) The Subadviser shall not use the name of the Trust or any Fund on any checks, bank drafts, bank statements or forms for other than internal use in a manner not approved by the Trust prior thereto in writing; provided however, that the approval of the Trust shall not be required for the use of the Trust's or Fund's name which merely refers in accurate and factual terms to the Trust or Fund in connection with Subadviser's role hereunder or which is required by any appropriate regulatory, governmental or judicial authority; and further provided that in no event shall such approval be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
(o) The provisions of Sections 5, 6, 9 and 10 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.
CVR PORTFOLIO FUNDS LLC
/s/ Peter Higgins
Name: Peter Higgins
Title: Principal
SSARIS ADVISORS, LLC
/s/ Jim Tomeo
Name: Jim Tomeo
Title: Principal
[ Signature Page to Subadvisory Agreement ]
SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
CVR PORTFOLIO FUNDS LLC AND
SSARIS ADVISORS, LLC
Appendix A
| Name of Fund | Effective Date | ||||
| CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund | December 30, 2013 |
A-1
[Adviser Letterhead]
December 26, 2013
Mr. Stacey E. Hong, President
Forum Funds II
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 600
Portland, Maine 04101
RE: Contractual Waivers and Reimbursements
Dear Mr. Hong:
CVR Portfolio Funds LLC (the "Adviser") agrees to waive its investment advisory fee and reimburse expenses as necessary to ensure the total annual operating expenses (excluding all taxes, interest, portfolio transaction expenses, proxy expenses and extraordinary expenses) for the CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund (the "Fund"), a series of the Forum Funds II (the "Trust"), do not exceed 1.65% and 1.90% of the average daily net assets for the Institutional Shares class and Investor Shares class, respectively, through March 31, 2015.
This agreement can only be terminated or amended upon the approval of the Trust's Board of Trustees and it automatically terminated if the Adviser is no longer a service provider to the Fund. Unless otherwise amended or terminated, this agreement will terminate March 31, 2015.
Very Truly Yours,
CVR Portfolio Funds, LLC
By:
/s/ William Monaghan
Name: William Monaghan
Title: Managing Member
Law Office
Stradley Ronon Stevens & Young, LLP
1250 Connecticut Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20036
(212) 822-9611
December 24, 2013
Forum Funds II
Three Canal Plaza
Portland, ME 04112
| Re: |
Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration
Statement of Forum Funds II |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to Forum Funds II, a statutory trust organized under Delaware law (the "Trust"), in connection with the issuance and sale by the Trust of its shares of beneficial interest, no par value (the "Shares"), of CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund (the "Fund"), a series of the Trust.
This opinion is furnished in accordance with the requirements of Item 28(i) of Form N1A under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the "Investment Company Act") and the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act").
We have examined the Certificate of Trust of the Trust, the Trust Instrument of the Trust, certain resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust relating to the creation, authorization, issuance and sale of the Shares, and a Certificate of Good Standing dated December 23, 2013 from the State of Delaware.
We have also examined the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed by the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, under the Investment Company Act and the Securities Act (the "Registration Statement"), as well as other items we deem material to this opinion.
In our examination, we have assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as facsimile, electronic, certified, conformed or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of such copies. As to any facts material to the opinions expressed herein that we did not independently establish or
Forum Funds II
December 24, 2013
Page 2
verify, we have relied upon statements and representations of officers and other representatives of the Trust and others.
This opinion is based exclusively on the provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act governing the issuance of the Shares of the Funds and the reported case law thereunder, and does not extend to the securities or "blue sky" laws of the State of Delaware or other States.
We have assumed the following for purposes of this opinion:
1. The Shares will be issued in accordance with the Trust Instrument and resolutions of the Trust's Board of Trustees relating to the creation, authorization, issuance and sale of the Shares.
2. The Shares will be issued against payment therefor as described in the Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information relating thereto included in the Registration Statement.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that, when the Registration Statement becomes effective under the Investment Company Act and Securities Act, the Shares will, when sold in accordance with the Registration Statement, be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
We hereby consent to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of the Trust, and we further consent to reference in the Registration Statement of the Trust to the fact that this opinion concerning the legality of the issue has been rendered by us.
Very truly yours,
STRADLEY RONON STEVENS & YOUNG, LLC
By:
/s/ Alison M. Fuller
Alison M. Fuller, a Partner
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the reference to our firm in the Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Forum Funds II. Such reference appears in the CVR Dynamic Allocation Fund's Statement of Additional Information under the headings "Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm" and "Financial Statements."
BBD, LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
December 30, 2013
SECTION 1. BACKGROUND
This Code of Ethics ("Code") applies to all Funds and has been adopted in order to establish standards and procedures for the detection and prevention of activities by which persons having knowledge of the investments and investment intentions of a Fund may abuse their fiduciary duties to the Trust and to deal with other types of conflict of interest situations. Upon discovering a violation of the Code, the Board may impose such sanctions as it deems appropriate.
A specific purpose of the Code is to promote honest and ethical conduct, compliance with applicable laws and accountability for adherence to the Code. All Access Persons should adhere to a high standard of business ethics and should be sensitive to situations that may give rise to conflicts of interest.
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS
(A) Access Person means:
(1) Each Trustee and Officer;
(2) (i) Any officer, director or general partner of the Adviser; and (ii) any officer, director or general partner of the Distributor, where the Distributor in the ordinary course of business either (a) makes, participates in or obtains information regarding the Fund's purchase or sale of Covered Investments or (b) fills a function related to the making of any recommendation regarding the Fund's purchase or sale of Covered Investments;
(3) Any employee of the Fund or Adviser, or of any company in a control relationship with the Fund or Adviser, whose regular functions (i) relate to the making of any recommendation regarding the Fund's purchase or sale of Covered Investments or (ii) include making, participating in or obtaining information regarding the purchase or sale of Covered Investments by a Fund; and
(4) Any natural person in a control relationship with a Fund or Adviser who obtains information concerning recommendations made to a Fund about the purchase or sale of a Covered Investment.
(B) Beneficial Owner means "beneficial owner" as defined in Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act except that the determination of direct or indirect beneficial ownership shall apply to all Covered Investments which an Access Person owns or acquires. A Beneficial Owner of an investment is any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect pecuniary interest (the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the subject securities) in a security. Indirect pecuniary interest in an investment includes securities held by a person's immediate family And immediate family means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law (including adoptive relationships).
(C) Control means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, unless the power is solely the result of an official position with the company.
(D) Covered Officer means the PEO, PFO and PAO as those terms are used in Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(E) Covered Investment means any investment except:
(1) Direct obligations of the United States Government;
(2) Bankers' acceptances and bank certificates of deposit;
(3) Commercial paper and debt instruments with a maturity at issuance of less than 366 days and that are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization;
(4) Repurchase agreements covering any of the foregoing; and
(5) Shares of registered open-end investment companies other than Funds.
(F) Investment Personnel , means any employee of the Fund or Adviser who makes or participates in making recommendations to the Fund regarding the purchase or sale of investments by the Fund. No Fund or the Trust shall employ such a person without prior approval of the Board and the Review Officer.
(G) Security Held or to be Acquired means
(1) Any Covered Investment which, within the most recent 15 days (a) is or has been held by the Trust or (b) is being or has been considered by the Trust or an Adviser for purchase by a Fund; and
(2) Any option to purchase or sell, and any investment convertible into or exchangeable for, a Covered Investment.
(H) Purchase or sale includes the writing of an option to purchase or sell.
(I) Material non-public information means information (i) that there is a substantial likelihood a reasonable investor would consider important in making an investment decision, or that is reasonably certain to have a substantial effect on the price of Shares and (ii) that has not been effectively communicated to the market place. Examples include: (a) valuation issues; (b) liquidity issues; (c) significant increase in expenses; (d) proposal for liquidation or reorganization; (e) regulatory developments that affect a Fund; and (f) extraordinary developments at the Adviser. Public information includes information found in a report filed with the SEC or appearing in a news service.
SECTION 3. PROHIBITED TRANSACTIONS
(A) Prohibition Against Fraudulent Conduct . No Access Person shall use any information concerning the operating activities, investments or investment intentions of a Fund, or the Access Person's ability to influence such operating activities or investment intentions, for personal gain or in a manner detrimental to the interests of a Fund. In addition, no Affiliated Person of a Fund shall, directly or indirectly in connection with the operating activities of the Fund or the purchase or sale of a security held or to be acquired by a Fund:
(1) Employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud a Fund;
(2) Make to a Fund or to the Adviser or Distributor any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state to any of the foregoing a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;
(3) Engage in any act, practice, or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon a Fund; or
(4) Engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a Fund.
(B) Other Prohibited Transactions . Access Persons are prohibited from:
(1) Inducing or causing a Fund to take action, or to fail to take action, for the benefit of a person either in addition to or other than the Fund;
(2) Accepting anything other than of de minimus value or any other preferential treatment from any entity with which a Fund does business;
(3) Using knowledge of the operating activities or portfolio transactions of a Fund for their benefit or the benefit of any person other than the Fund;
(4) Violating the anti-fraud provisions of the securities laws; or
(5) Except for the Independent Trustees, serving on the boards of directors of publicly traded companies, absent prior authorization based upon a determination by the Review Officer that the board service would be consistent with the interests of the Fund and its shareholders.
(C) Undue Influence; Disclosure of Personal Interest . No Access Person shall cause or attempt to cause a Fund to purchase, sell or hold any investment in a manner or engage in operating activity calculated to create any benefit to the Access Person. No Access Person shall recommend any operating activity or investment transactions for a Fund without having disclosed to the Review Officer the Access Person's interest, if any, in Shares or such investment or the issuer thereof, including, without limitation:
(1) The Access Person's direct or indirect beneficial ownership of any securities of the subject issuer or in the investment;
(2) Any position with such issuer or its Affiliated Persons; and
(3) Any present or proposed business relationship between such issuer or its Affiliated Persons, on the one hand, and such person or any party in which such person has a significant interest, on the other hand.
(D) Corporate Opportunities . Access Persons are prohibited from taking advantage of any opportunity properly belonging to a Fund.
(E) Confidentiality . Except as required in the normal course of carrying out an Access Person's business responsibilities, Access Persons are prohibited from revealing information relating to the investment intentions or activities of any Fund, or investment that are being considered for purchase or sale on behalf of any Fund.
(F) Prohibited Transactions in Fund Shares . Access Persons are prohibited from trading in Shares while in possession of material non-public information regarding the operating activities of the Fund.
SECTION 4. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
(A) Access Person Reporting . Access Persons must report the information described in this Section 4 with respect to transactions in any Covered Investment in which the Access Person has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership. Access Persons must report to the Review Officer, unless they are required to report to an Adviser or the Distributor pursuant to a code of ethics adopted by those persons; and, in the case of (i) the Adviser or (ii) the Distributor if the Distributor is (a) an Affiliated Person of the Trust or (b) has any officer, director or general partner that serves the Trust or the Adviser in the same capacity ("Affiliated Distributor"), has been approved by the Board. The Board shall not approve such code of ethics unless it is maintained and enforced as if it were subject to the same rules as provided in Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. Access Persons will promptly:
(1) Provide full access to the Trust to any and all records and documents which the Trust considers relevant to any investment transactions or other matters subject to the Code;
(2) Cooperate with the Trust in investigating any investment transactions or other matter subject to the Code;
(3) Provide the Trust with an explanation (in writing if requested) of the facts and circumstances surrounding any investment transaction or other matter subject to the Code; and
(4) Notify the Review Officer in writing, from time to time, of any incident of noncompliance with the Code by any Access Person.
(B) Independent Trustee Reporting . An Independent Trustee need not provide the account opening, holdings or transaction reports required by this Section 4, except that an Independent Trustee must report a transaction if the Independent Trustee knew at the time of the
transaction, or in the ordinary course of fulfilling the official duties as an Independent Trustee should have known:
(1) That during the 15-day period immediately preceding or immediately following the transaction in a Covered Investment by the Independent Trustee, the Covered Investment is or was purchased or sold or was being considered for purchase or sale by a Fund or that Fund's Adviser, or
(2) The Independent Trustee possessed material non-public information about the operating activities of a Fund or the Trust preceding a transaction in Shares of the Fund.
(C) Exclusions from Reporting . Purchases or sales of Covered Investments in an account over which an Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control are not subject to the reporting requirements of this Section.
(D) Initial Holding Reports . No later than ten (10) days after the person becomes an Access Person, an Access Person must report the following information:
(1) The title, number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Investment in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership when the person became an Access Person;
(2) The name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any securities were held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person as of the date the person became an Access Person; and
(3) The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.
(E) Quarterly Transaction Reports . No later than ten (10) days after the end of a calendar quarter, an Access Person must report the following information:
(1) With respect to any transaction during the quarter in a Covered Investment in which the Access Person had, or by reason of such transaction acquired, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership:
(a) The date of the transaction, the title, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and the principal amount of each Covered Investment involved;
(b) The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);
(c) The price of the Covered Investment at which the transaction was effected; the name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through which the transaction was effected; and
(d) The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.
(2) With respect to any account established by the Access Person in which any investment were held during the quarter for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person:
(a) The name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person established the account;
(b) The date the account was established; and
(c) The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.
(F) Annual Holdings Reports . Annually, an Access Person must report the following information (which information must be current as of a date no more than thirty (30) days before the report is submitted):
(1) The title, number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Investment in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership;
(2) The name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person; and
(3) The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.
(G) Certification of Compliance . Upon becoming an Access Person, the person shall certify (in the form of Appendix A) that the Access Person has read and understood this Code and recognizes that the Access Person is subject to this Code. Further, each Access Person is required to certify annually that the Access Person has complied with all the requirements of this Code and that the Access Person has disclosed or reported all personal investment transactions pursuant to the requirements of this Code.
(H) Alternative Reporting . The submission to the Review Officer of duplicate broker trade confirmations and statements on all Covered Investments transactions shall be deemed to satisfy these reporting requirements. The annual holdings report may be satisfied by confirming annually, in writing, the accuracy of the records maintained by the Review Officer and recording the date of the confirmation.
(I) Report Qualification . Any report may contain a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making the report that the person has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the Covered Investments to which the report relates.
SECTION 5. COVERED OFFICERS
(A) Conflicts of Interest . A "conflict of interest" occurs when a Covered Officer's employment or personal interest interferes with the interests of, or service to, the Trust. For example, a conflict of interest would arise if a Covered Officer receives improper personal benefits as a result of the Covered Officer's position with the Trust. A Covered Officer may be an officer or employee of a Service Provider, another investment company or another company. Conflicts may arise from, or as a result of, the contractual relationship between the Trust and its Service Providers or otherwise due to the Covered Officers' positions, but such other positions of a Covered Officer
do not by itself give rise to a conflict of interest. As applicable to a Covered Officer, the following must be approved by the Audit Committee:
(1) Service on the board of directors or governing board of a publicly traded entity;
(2) The receipt of any non-nominal gifts from persons or entities who have or are seeking business relationships with the Trust or a Fund;
(3) The receipt of any entertainment from any company with which the Trust has current or prospective business dealings unless such entertainment is business-related, reasonable in cost, appropriate as to time and place, and not so frequent as to raise any question of impropriety;
(4) Any ownership interest (material to the officer) in, or any consulting or employment relationship with, any entities doing business with the Trust, other than its service providers and their respective Affiliated Persons; and
(5) Any direct or indirect financial interest in commissions, transaction charges or spreads paid by the Trust for effecting portfolio transactions or for selling or redeeming shares other than an interest arising from the Covered Officer's employment with the Trust's service providers or their respective Affiliated Persons.
(B) Duties . A Covered Officer shall:
(1) Become familiar with the disclosure requirements generally applicable to the Trust;
(2) Not knowingly misrepresent, or cause others to misrepresent, facts about the Trust to others;
(3) To the extent appropriate, consult with other Officers and employees of the Trust and its service providers;
(4) Promote compliance with the standards and restrictions imposed by applicable laws; and
(5) Not retaliate against any other Covered Officer or any employee of the Fund or its Service Providers for reporting potential violations of by the Fund, its Service Providers, or another Covered Officer that are made in good faith.
(C) A Covered Officer shall notify the Chairman of the Audit Committee promptly if the officer knows of any violation of this Code.
SECTION 6. REVIEW OFFICER
(A) Appointment . A Review Officer shall be appointed by the PEO.
(B) Duties of Review Officer . The Review Officer shall :
(1) Review all investment transaction and holdings reports or shall maintain the names of persons responsible for reviewing these reports;
(2) Identify all Access Persons who are required to make these reports, maintain and periodically update a list of such Access Persons, and promptly inform each Access Person of the requirements of this Code;
(3) Compare, on a quarterly basis, all Access Persons' transactions in Covered Investments with each Fund's completed portfolio transactions and in the case of transactions in Shares, with operating activities of the Fund, to determine whether a Code violation may have occurred;
(4) Maintain a signed acknowledgment by each person who is then an Access Person;
(5) Identify persons who are Investment Personnel, maintain and periodically update a list of such Investment Personnel, and inform those persons of their requirements to obtain prior written approval from the Review Officer prior to directly or indirectly acquiring ownership of a security in any private placement or initial public offering; and
(6) Annually prepare a written report to the Trustees that
(a) Describes any issues under this Code since the last report to the Trustees, including information about material violations of the Code and sanctions imposed in response to the material violations; and
(b) Confirm that the Trust has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating this Code.
(C) Potential Trade Conflict . When there appears to be a transaction that conflicts with this Code, the Review Officer shall request a written explanation of the Access Person's transaction. If after the review it is determined that there has been a violation of this Code, the Review Officer shall make a recommendation of appropriate action to the Board.
(D) Required Records . The Review Officer shall maintain:
(1) A copy of this and any other code of ethics adopted by the Trust, Adviser or Affiliated Distributor, which has been in effect at any time during the previous five (5) years, in an easily accessible place;
(2) A record of any violation of this Code, and of any action taken as a result of such violation, in an easily accessible place for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the violation occurs;
(3) A copy of each report made by an Access Person as required by this Code for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the report is made, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place;
(4) A list of all persons who are, or at any time within the past five years have been, required to make reports or who were responsible for reviewing these reports pursuant to any code of ethics, in an easily accessible place;
(5) A copy of each written report and certification required pursuant to Section 7(E) of this Code for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place; and
(6) A record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, approving the acquisition by Investment Personnel of securities under Section 6(B)(5) of this Code, for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted.
SECTION 7. BOARD REVIEW
The Boards, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, shall:
(A) Approve the (i) Code and any material changes to the Code and (ii) before initially retaining their services, the code of ethics of each Adviser and Affiliated Distributor, and any material changes to these codes within six months of the change;
(B) Base its approval of a code of ethics, and any material changes thereto, on a determination that the code contains provisions reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons (or the equivalent persons) from engaging in prohibited conduct;
(C) Receive, prior to approving a code or any amendment to a code, a certification from the Trusts, Adviser or Affiliated Distributor that it has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons (or the equivalent persons) from violating the Code; and
(D) Receive and consider, no less frequently than annually: (i) a written report from the Trusts, Adviser and Affiliated Distributor, as applicable, describing any issues, material violations or sanctions arising under the respective codes; and (ii) a written certification from the Trusts, Adviser and Affiliated Distributor, as applicable, that it has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons (or the equivalent persons) from violating its code.
APPENDIX A
Code of Ethics Certification
I understand that I am an Access Person as defined in the Forum ETF Trust and Forum Funds II Code of Ethics.
I have read and I understand the Code of Ethics and that I am subject to it. In addition, I will comply with the requirements of the Code of Ethics applicable to my position and will disclose or report all personal investment transactions that are required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of the Code.
If I am also a Covered Officer, I understand that I am a Covered Officer as defined in the Forum ETF Trust and Forum Funds II Code of Ethics and will request from the Forum ETF Trust' Audit Committee Chairman all approvals that are required under Section 5(A) of the Code.
|
______________________________
[NAME] |
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Date |
This Certification must be completed and returned to the Trust's Review Officer.
High ethical standards are essential for the success of CVR and to maintain the confidence of Advisory Clients. CVR is of the view that its long-term business interests are best served by adherence to the principle that Advisory Clients' interests come first. CVR has a fiduciary duty to its Advisory Clients, which requires individuals associated with CVR to act solely for the benefit of Advisory Clients. Potential conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the personal trading activities of individuals associated with investment adviser firms. In recognition of CVR's fiduciary obligations to its Advisory Clients and CVR's desire to maintain its high ethical standards, CVR has adopted this Code of Ethics containing provisions designed to: (i) prevent improper personal trading by Access Persons; (ii) prevent improper use of material, non-public information about securities recommendations made by CVR or securities holdings of Advisory Clients' (iii) identify conflicts of interest; and (iv) provide a means to resolve any actual or potential conflict in favor of the Advisory Client.
All Access Persons are required to comply with applicable Securities Laws. Failure to adhere to applicable Securities Laws could expose an employee to sanctions imposed by CVR, the SEC, or law enforcement officials. These sanctions may include, among others, disgorgement of profits, suspension or termination of employment by CVR, or criminal or civil penalties. If there is any doubt as to whether a Federal or State securities law applies, employees should consult the Chief Compliance Officer. The requirements set forth in this Code of Ethics are also intended to fulfill the CVR's obligations under Rule 17j-1 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
In accordance Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, it is prohibited for all of CVR's Access Persons to engage in any of the following activities:
a. To employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud the Fund;
b. To make any untrue statement of a material fact to the Fund or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to the Fund, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;
c. To engage in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on the Fund; or
d. To engage in any manipulative practice with respect to the Fund.
Adherence to the Code of Ethics and the related restrictions on personal investing is considered a basic condition of employment for employees and Access Persons (as applicable) of CVR. If there is any doubt as to the propriety of any activity, employees should consult with the Chief Compliance Officer who is charged with the administration of this Code of Ethics, has general compliance responsibility for CVR and may offer guidance on securities laws and acceptable practices, as the same may change from time to time. The Chief Compliance Officer may rely upon the advice of outside legal counsel and/or compliance consultants.
II. APPLICABILITY OF CODE OF ETHICS
A. Personal Accounts of Access Persons. This Code of Ethics applies to all personal brokerage accounts of Access Persons whereby Access Persons have a beneficial interest and have the flexibility to partake in transactions involving financial instruments that fall within CVR's covered universe of securities ("Personal Account"). Personal Accounts of all Access Persons. A Personal Account also includes an account maintained by or for:
(1) Access Person's spouse (other than a legally separated or divorced spouse of the Access Person) and minor children;
(2) Any individuals who live in the Access Person's household and over whose purchases, sales, or other trading activities the Access Person exercises control or investment discretion;
(3) Any persons to whom the Access Person provides primary financial support, and either (i) whose financial affairs the Access Person controls, or (ii) for whom the Access Person provides discretionary advisory services;
(4) Any trust or other arrangement which names the Access Person as a beneficiary; and
(5) Any partnership, corporation, or other entity of which the Access Person is a director, officer or partner or in which the Access Person has a 25% or greater beneficial interest, or in which the Access Person owns a controlling interest or exercises effective control.
As provided in Section IV.A.(1) below, upon receipt of this Compliance Manual, each Access Person will be required to provide a comprehensive list of all Personal Accounts to CVR's Chief Compliance Officer and/or outside compliance consultants.
B. Access Person as Trustee. A Personal Account does not include any account for which a Access Person serves as trustee of a trust for the benefit of (i) a person to whom the Access Person does not provide primary financial support, or (ii) an independent third party.
(1) Personal Accounts of Other Access Persons. A Personal Account of an Access Person that is managed by another Access Person is considered to be a Personal Account only of the Access Person who has a Beneficial Ownership in the Personal Account. The account is considered to be a client account with respect to the Access Person managing the Personal Account.
(2) Solicitors/Consultants. Non-employee Solicitors or consultants are not subject to this Code of Ethics unless the Solicitor/consultant, as part of his duties on behalf of CVR, (i) makes or participates in the making of investment recommendations for CVR's clients, or (ii) obtains information on recommended investments for CVR's Advisory Clients.
(3) Client Accounts. A client account includes any account managed by Investment Personnel of CVR, which is not a Personal Account.
III. RESTRICTIONS ON PERSONAL INVESTING ACTIVITIES
A. General. It is the responsibility of each Access Person to ensure that a particular securities transaction being considered for his or her Personal Account is not subject to a restriction contained in this Code of Ethics or otherwise prohibited by any applicable laws. When anything under this Code of Ethics prohibits the purchase or sale of a security, it also prohibits the purchase or sale of any related securities such as puts, calls, other options or rights in such securities. Personal securities transactions for Access Persons may be effected only in accordance with the provisions of this Code of Ethics.
B. Pre-clearance of Transactions in Personal Accounts, et. al. An Access Person and employee must obtain the prior written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer before engaging in the following transactions in his or her Personal Account, provided that the Chief Compliance Officer must obtain the prior written approval of the Chief Executive Officer:
direct or indirect purchase or sale of beneficial ownership in a security in a limited offering (as required under Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act) including personal investments in the CVR Fund;
direct or indirect purchase or sale of any security in an initial public offering;
direct or indirect purchase or sale of any shares in the CVR Fund; and
direct or indirect purchase or sale of any security that may be purchased or sold by an Advisory Client or Fund (in particular the sale of securities previously owned by an employee upon becoming an Access Person ("Grandfathered Securities")). The Portfolio Managers shall maintain and update a list of any securities that may be purchased or sold by an Advisory Client or the CVR Fund.
A request for pre-clearance must be made by completing the Pre-Clearance Form in advance of the contemplated transaction. A Sample Pre-Clearance Form is attached as Exhibit 1 . All approved trades must be executed no later than 5:00 p.m. local time on the business day following the date preclearance is granted. If any order is not timely executed, a request for preclearance must be resubmitted.
C. Prohibition on Brokerage for Fund Sales
In accordance with Rule 12b-1(h)(1) promulgated under the Investment Company Act, neither the CVR nor any of its affiliates may compensate any broker/dealer for any promotion or sale of a Fund's shares by directing to the broker/dealer (i) the Fund's portfolio transactions or (ii) any remuneration, including but not limited to any commission, mark-up, mark-down or other fee (or portion thereof) received or to be received from the Fund's portfolio transactions effected through any other broker/dealer. This policy does not prohibit the CVR from executing portfolio transactions through broker/dealers who also promote or sell the Fund's shares so long as both the following requirements are met:
The persons responsible for selecting broker/dealers to effect the Fund's portfolio transactions ("trading responsible personnel") do not take into account, in making those decisions, broker/dealers' promotion or sales of the Fund's shares.
The Fund, the CVR and the Fund's principal underwriter do not enter into any formal or informal written or oral agreement or other understanding under which the Fund or the CVR directs, or is expected to direct, brokerage transactions or revenue generated by those transactions to a selling broker/dealer in recognition of the promotion or sale of the Fund's shares.
To the extend any of the CVR's employees acquire access to information about the amount of shares of the Fund sold by a particular broker/dealer, such employees are prohibited from sharing such information with the CVR's trading responsible personnel.
A. All Access Persons are required to submit to the Chief Compliance Officer (subject to the applicable provisions of Section V. below) the following reports:
(1) Initial Holdings Report - Access Persons are required to provide the Chief Compliance Officer with an Initial Holdings Report within 10 days of the date that such person became an Access Person that meets the following requirements:
(a) Must disclose all of the Access Person's current securities holdings with the following content for each reportable security (as defined in IV.B. below) that the Access Person has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership:
title and type of reportable security;
ticker symbol or CUSIP number (as applicable);
principal amount of each reportable security.
(b) Must disclose the name of any broker, dealer or bank with which the Access Person maintains a Personal Account.
(c) Information contained in Initial Holding Reports must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date of submission.
(d) The date upon which the report was submitted.
(e) Access Persons should use the form of Initial Holdings Report contained in Exhibit 2 to this Code of Ethics.
(2) Annual Holdings Report - Subject to the applicable provisions of Section V. below, Access Persons must also provide Annual Holdings Reports of all current reportable securities holdings at least once during each 12month period (the "Annual Holding Certification Date"). For purposes of this Code, the Annual Holdings Certification Date is December 31. From a content perspective, such Annual Holdings Reports must comply with the requirements of Section IV.A. (1)(a) , (b) and (c) above. Access Persons should use the form of Annual Holdings Report contained in Exhibit 3 to this Code of Ethics.
(3) Quarterly Transaction Reports - Subject to the applicable provisions of Section V. below, Access Persons must also provide quarterly securities transaction reports for each transaction in a reportable security (as defined in Section IV.B below) that the Access Person has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership. Such quarterly transaction reports must meet the following requirements:
(a) Content Requirements - Quarterly transaction report must include:
title of reportable security;
ticker symbol or CUSIP number of reportable security (as applicable);
interest rate or maturity rate (if applicable);
principal amount of reportable security;
nature of transaction (i.e., purchase or sale);
price of reportable security at which the transaction was effected;
the name of broker, dealer or bank through which the transaction was effected;
the date upon which the Access Person submitted the report.
With respect to any securities account established during the quarter that is beneficially owned directly or indirectly by the Access Person:
The name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person established the account;
The date the account was established; and
The date the report is submitted by Access Person.
(b) Timing Requirements - Subject to Section V.C , Access Persons must submit a quarterly transaction report no later than 30 days after the end of each quarter.
(c) Access Persons should use the form of quarterly transaction report provided in Exhibit 4 to this Code of Ethics.
B. Definition of Reportable Security - For purposes of the reporting requirements, a reportable security is any financial instrument that is known as a security and as defined in detail in Section 202(a)(18) of the Investment Company Act 1 , EXCEPT that it does NOT include:
(1) Direct obligations of the Government of the United States;
(2) Bankers' acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements;
(3) Shares issued by money market funds;
(4) Shares issued by registered open-end funds (i.e., mutual funds) that are registered under the Company Act; provided that such funds are NOT registered funds managed by CVR or registered funds whose adviser or principal underwriter controls CVR, or is under common control with CVR (such funds, the "Reportable Funds");
A "Reportable Security" includes shares that are issued by registered open-end funds which include, but are not limited to, (i) exchange-traded funds and (ii) the Reportable Funds.
V. EXCEPTIONS FROM REPORTING REQUIREMENTS/ALTERNATIVE TO QUARTERLY TRANSACTION REPORTS
This Section sets forth exceptions from the requirements of Section IV. of this Code. All other requirements will continue to apply to any holding or transaction exempted from reporting pursuant to this Section . Accordingly, the following will be exempt only from the pre-clearance requirements of Section IV.:
A. Pre-Clearance requirements are not required to be submitted with respect to any transactions effected pursuant to any Personal Account over which the Access Person has (or had) no direct or indirect influence or control (although transactions need to be
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1
Under the Advisers Act, a "security" means any note, stock, treasury
stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness,
certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing
agreement, collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate
or subscription, transferable share, investment contract,
voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security,
fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights,
any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security
(including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of
securities (including any interest therein or based on the value
thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered
into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency,
or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a
"security", or any certificate of interest or participation in,
temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guaranty of, or
warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing.
reported in a Quarterly Transaction Report or duplicate brokerage statements and holdings need to be included on Initial and Annual Holdings Reports) 2 ;
B. In such cases, Access Persons must provide the CCO with a written attestation directly from the Personal Account's brokerage representative affirmatively stating that the Access Person does not have any direct or indirect investment discretion, influence, control or authority in terms of purchases/sales of specific equity or option positions in the Personal Account.
In addition, Access Persons must provide similar letter to the CCO on not less than an annual basis.
C. Quarterly Transaction Reports are not required to be submitted with respect to any transactions effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan (although holdings need to be included on Initial and Annual Holdings Reports);
D. Quarterly Transaction Reports are not required if the report would duplicate information contained in broker trade confirm or account statements that Access Person has already provided to the Chief Compliance Officer; provided, that such broker trade confirm or account statements are provided to the Chief Compliance Officer within 30 days of the end of the applicable calendar quarter. This paragraph has no effect on an Access Person's responsibility related to the submission of Initial and Annual Holdings Reports.
(1) Access Persons that would like to avail themselves of this exemption should:
(a) Ensure that the content of such broker confirms or account statements for any Personal Account meet the content required for Quarterly Transaction Review Reports set forth in Section IV.A.3 above; and
(b) Inform the Chief Compliance Officer that you would like to avail yourself of this compliance option and provide the Chief Compliance Officer with the following for each of your Personal Accounts:
name of contact at institution;
identification numbers for personal accounts held at institution;
name of personal accounts held at institution.
(c) The Chief Compliance Officer will then send the form of letter attached to this Code of Ethics as Exhibit 5 to the institutions in question.
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2
CVR, in its sole discretion, will determine which Personal Accounts
are eligible for this exemption. For example, wrap accounts managed
by a registered investment adviser would qualify under this exemption.
VI. PROTECTION OF MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION ABOUT SECURITIES/INVESTMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
In addition to other provisions of this Code of Ethics and CVR's Compliance Manual (including Section XVI. of the Compliance Manual and the Insider Trading Procedures in Appendix H ), Access Persons should note that CVR has a duty to safeguard material, non-public information about securities/investment recommendations provided to (or made on behalf of) Advisory Clients. As such, Access Persons generally should not share such information outside of CVR. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Access Persons and CVR may provide such information to persons or entities providing services to CVR, Advisory Client or the Funds where such information is required to effectively provide the services in question.
accountants or accounting support service firms;
compliance consultants
If there are any questions about the sharing of material, non-public information about securities/investment recommendations made by CVR, please see the Chief Compliance Officer.
VII. OVERSIGHT OF CODE OF ETHICS
A. Reporting. Any situation that may involve a conflict of interest or other possible violation of this Code of Ethics must be promptly reported to the Chief Compliance Officer who must report it to the executive management of CVR.
B. Review of Transactions. Each Access Person's transactions in his/her Personal Accounts will be reviewed on a regular basis and compared to transactions entered into by CVR for Advisory Clients. At the present time, each Portfolio Manager will review the transactions of the other Portfolio Manager in his Personal Accounts and compare such transactions to transactions entered into by CVR for Advisory Clients. Any transactions that are believed to be a violation of this Code of Ethics will be reported promptly to the Chief Compliance Officer who will document and address any such violations. The Chief Compliance Officer may delegate any of the responsibilities, powers and authorities conferred on him by this Code of Ethics.
C. Sanctions. The executive management of CVR, with advice of outside legal counsel and/or compliance consultants, at its discretion, shall consider reports made to management and upon determining that a violation of this Code of Ethics has occurred, may impose such sanctions or remedial action management deems appropriate or to the extent required by law (as may be advised by outside legal counsel or other advisors). These sanctions may include, among other things, disgorgement of profits to a charity of the violator's choice (with evidence of such donation provided to the Chief Compliance Officer and/or the Director of Compliance), suspension or termination of employment with CVR, or criminal or civil penalties.
VIII. COMPLIANCE WITH SECURITIES LAWS
All employees are required to comply with applicable Securities Laws. Failure to adhere to applicable Securities Laws could expose an employee to sanctions imposed by CVR, the SEC, or law enforcement officials. These sanctions may include, among others, disgorgement of profits, suspension or termination of employment by CVR, or criminal or civil penalties. If there is any doubt as to whether a Federal securities law applies, employees should consult the Chief Compliance Officer.
IX. CONFIDENTIALITY
All reports of securities transactions and any other information filed pursuant to this Code of Ethics shall be treated as confidential to the extent permitted by law.
X. RESTRICTED LIST
Certain transactions involving CVR may require for business or legal reasons that Client accounts or accounts of Access Persons not trade in certain securities for specified time periods. A security will be designated as "restricted" if: (i) CVR is involved in a transaction that places limits on the aggregate position held by the accounts in that security; and (ii) if trading in a security should be restricted for any other reason. CVR's "restricted list" will be maintained by the Chief Compliance Officer and distributed as necessary to Access Persons. It is the Access Person's responsibility to determine whether a security is on CVR's restricted list prior to the execution of any personal securities transactions.
EXHIBIT 1
PRE-CLEARANCE FORM FOR TRANSACTIONS IN PERSONAL ACCOUNTS OF ACCESS PERSONS
When applicable, Access Persons must complete this Pre-clearance Form prior to engaging in certain personal transactions as set forth in the CVR's Code of Ethics. Access Persons should complete Sections (1) , (2) , (3) , (4) , (5) and (6) below and submit this pre-clearance form to the Chief Compliance Officer. Section (7) will be completed by the Chief Compliance Officer.
(1) Reason for Pre-Clearance Request
The Access Person is submitting this pre-clearance request because proposed investment is: ( check all that apply - more than one may apply ):
| ___ | Proposed purchase or sale involves a limited offering (i.e., private placement, restricted stock, etc.). | ||||||||||
| ___ | Proposed purchase or sale of shares in any Advisory Client managed by CVR. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Proposed purchase or sale involving any security in an initial public offering. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Proposed purchase or sale is within investment parameters/strategies of an Advisory Client. For example, the sale of securities previously owned by an employee upon becoming an Access Person. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Other: _____________________________________________________ |
Name of Issuer and Ticker (if applicable): ________________________
CUSIP Number (if applicable): ________________________
The Issuer identified above can be best characterized as (please check one):
| [ ] Common Stock | [ ] Preferred Stock | [ ] Convertible Security | |||||||||
| [ ] Put | [ ] Call | [ ] Government Debt (non-Federal) | |||||||||
| [ ] Closed-End Funds | [ ] Corporate Bond | [ ] Other:_______________________ |
Transaction involves a ( check one ): [ ] Purchase [ ] Sale [ ] Short Sale [ ] Cover
Estimated Trade Date: _____________
Quantity: _________________________
Estimated Price: ____________________
Broker/Dealer (if any): _____________________
Bank where securities will be held: __________________________
Account No.: _____________________________
(4) Conflict of Interest Information
Access Persons should provide any additional factors that they believe are relevant to a conflict of interest analysis (if any):
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(5) Evaluation of Advisory Client Conflicts
The investment is not currently held by or under consideration for purchase or disposition by any Advisory Client.
| Initials of Access Person __________ | Date _________________________ |
If the above listed investment is: (i) not currently held by or under consideration for any (other) Advisory Client, or (ii) of limited availability, please indicate the primary reason(s) why you believe it is not an appropriate investment for the (other) Advisory Clients.
| ___ | Investment is too risky. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Advisory Client is already exposed to industry. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Investment by the Advisory Client would cause it to breach its investment restrictions. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Insufficient available or unfavorable information about the issuer. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Investment is outside of the Advisory Client's permitted policies. | ||||||||||
| ___ | As of the date of this pre-clearance request, the proposed investment does not fall under CVR's covered universe of securities. | ||||||||||
| ___ | Other: __________________________________ |
| Initials of Access Person __________ | Date _________________________ |
(6) Representation and Signature
By executing this form, I represent that my trading in this investment is not based on any material non-public information. I understand that pre-clearance will only be in effect for one full business day from the date of the Chief Compliance Officer's signature.
|
_________________________________
Access Person's Name (please print) |
|||||
|
_________________________________
Access Person's Signature |
____________________
Date |
Date: ________________________
Compliance Signature:_____________________________ [ ] Request Approved [ ] Request Denied
EXHIBIT 2
CVR
INITIAL HOLDINGS REPORT FOR ACCESS PERSONS
Date of Submission of Report: __________________________________________________
In connection with my new status as an Access Person at CVR, the following sets forth all of my holdings in reportable securities (as defined in Section IV.B. of CVR's Code of Ethics) that are held in my Personal Accounts (as defined in Section II.A. of CVR's Code of Ethics).
___ No holdings in reportable securities (as defined in Section IV.B. of CVR's Code of Ethics)
The undersigned Access Person certifies that all information contained in this report is true and correct as of ___________________ ___, 20__ (which must be a date within 45 days that this report is submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer).
___________________________________________
Signature of Access Person
___________________________________________
Date
COMPLIANCE RECEIPT:
EXHIBIT 3
ANNUAL HOLDINGS REPORT FOR ACCESS PERSONS
The following sets forth all of my holdings in reportable securities (as defined in Section IV.B of CVR's Code of Ethics) that are held in my Personal Accounts (as defined in Section II.A of CVR's Code of Ethics) as of [DATE] (the "Annual Holdings Certification Date").
___ No holdings in reportable securities (as defined in Section IV.B of CVR's Code of Ethics) as of the Annual Holdings Certification Date.
The undersigned Access Person certifies that all information contained in this report is true and correct as of ________________ ___, 201_ (which must be a date within 45 days of the Annual Holdings Certificate Date).
___________________________________________
Signature of Access Person
___________________________________________
Date
COMPLIANCE RECEIPT:
EXHIBIT 4
CVR
QUARTERLY TRANSACTION REPORT FOR ACCESS PERSONS
Name of Access Person: _________________________________________________________________________
Date of Submission of Transaction Report: __________________________________________________________
The following sets forth all of the transaction in reportable securities (as defined in Section IV.B of CVR's Code of Ethics) made in my Personal Accounts (as defined in Section II.A of CVR's Code of Ethics) for the quarter beginning on __________and ending on _____________.
___ No transactions in reportable securities (as defined in Section IV.B. of CVR's Code of Ethics)
The undersigned Access Person certifies that all information contained in this report is true and correct as of (check appropriate):
____ December 31, 201_
____ March 31, 201_
____ June 30, 201_
____ September 30, 201_
AND
Below is a list of all Securities accounts I opened this quarter. This includes accounts which hold Reportable Securities and/or Securities which are not Reportable Securities (open end mutual funds that are not advised by the Company etc.):
| Broker/Dealer/Bank | Date Account Opened | ||||
[INSERT NAME OF BROKER]
[INSERT ADDRESS]
Re: [ NAME OF EMPLOYEE] /Account No(s). [ ]
As the Chief Compliance Officer for CVR, I am aware that [NAME OF BROKER] executes and clears transactions for the purchase or sale of securities for the account of [NAME OF EMPLOYEE] (the "Employee").
In accordance with our compliance procedures, I hereby request that duplicate copies of all trade confirmation statements and monthly account statements with respect to the above-referenced account(s) held by our Employee be sent to my attention at the following address:
CVR Portfolio Funds LLC
71 Woodcliff Road
Wellesley, MA 02481
Please feel free to contact me should you have any questions.
CVR PORTFOLIO FUNDS LLC
__________________________________
Name:
Peter Higgins
Title: Chief Compliance Officer
I hereby authorize [NAME OF BROKER] or its representatives to send duplicate copies of all trade confirmation statements and monthly account statements with respect to my account(s) held with [NAME OF BROKER] to my employer, CVR, at the above-listed address.
____________________________________________ Signature of Employee
Name: [Print/Type Name of Employee]