UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington , D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission file number 0-18630
Cathay General Bancorp
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
95-4274680 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer
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777 North Broadway,
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90012
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Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
(213) 625-4700
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common Stock, $.01 par value |
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock (expiring December 5, 2018) | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ☑ |
Accelerated filer ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer ☐ |
Smaller reporting company ☐ |
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold as of the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 30, 2013) was $1,468,916,500. This value is estimated solely for the purposes of this cover page. The market value of shares held by Registrant’s directors, executive officers, and Employee Stock Ownership Plan have been excluded because they may be considered to be affiliates of the Registrant.
As of February 14, 2014, there were 79,589,933 shares of common stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
• Portions of Registrant’s definitive proxy statement relating to Registrant’s 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders which will be filed within 120 days of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, are incorporated by reference into Part III .
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP
2013 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I |
3 |
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Item 1. |
Business. |
3 |
Item 1A. |
Risk Factors. |
21 |
Item 1B. |
Unresolved Staff Comments. |
32 |
Item 2. |
Properties. |
32 |
Item 3. |
Legal Proceedings. |
33 |
Item 4. |
Mine Safety Disclosures. |
33 |
Executive Officers of the Registrant. |
33 |
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PART II |
34 |
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Item 5. |
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. |
34 |
Item 6. |
Selected Financial Data. |
37 |
Item 7. |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
38 |
Item 7A. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. |
73 |
Item 8. |
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. |
76 |
Item 9. |
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. |
77 |
Item 9A. |
Controls and Procedures. |
77 |
Item 9B. |
Other Information. |
80 |
PART III |
80 |
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Item 10. |
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. |
80 |
Item 11. |
Executive Compensation. |
80 |
Item 12. |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. |
80 |
Item 13. |
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. |
81 |
Item 14. |
Principal Accounting Fees and Services. |
81 |
PART IV |
81 |
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Item 15. |
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. |
81 |
SIGNATURES |
87 |
Forward-Looking Statements
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the term “Bancorp” refers to Cathay General Bancorp and the term “Bank” refers to Cathay Bank. The terms “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Bancorp and the Bank collectively. The statements in this report include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the applicable provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding management’s beliefs, projections, and assumptions concerning future results and events. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provision for forward-looking statements in these provisions. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including statements about anticipated future operating and financial performance, financial position and liquidity, growth opportunities and growth rates, growth plans, acquisition and divestiture opportunities, business prospects, strategic alternatives, business strategies, financial expectations, regulatory and competitive outlook, investment and expenditure plans, financing needs and availability , and other similar forecasts and statements of expectation and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Words such as “aims,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “can,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “hopes,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “seeks,” “shall,” “should,” “will,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “possible,” “optimistic,” and variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements by us are based on estimates, beliefs, projections, and assumptions of management and are not guarantees of future performance. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. Such risks and uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, adverse developments or conditions related to or arising from:
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U.S. and international business and economic conditions; |
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possible additional provisions for loan losses and charge-offs; |
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credit risks of lending activities and deterioration in asset or credit quality; |
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extensive laws and regulations and supervision that we are subject to including potential supervisory action by bank supervisory authorities; |
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increased costs of compliance and other risks associated with changes in regulation including the implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”); |
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higher capital requirements from the implementation of the Basel III capital standards; |
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compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act and other money laundering statutes and regulations; |
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potential goodwill impairment; |
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liquidity risk; |
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fluctuations in interest rates; |
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risks associated with acquisitions and the expansion of our business into new markets; |
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inflation and deflation; |
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real estate market conditions and the value of real estate collateral; |
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environmental liabilities; |
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our ability to compete with larger competitors; |
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our ability to retain key personnel; |
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successful management of reputational risk; |
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natural disasters and geopolitical events; |
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general economic or business conditions in Asia, and other regions where the Bank has operations; |
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failures, interruptions, or security breaches of our information systems; |
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our ability to adapt our systems to technological changes; |
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risk management processes and strategies; |
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adverse results in legal proceedings; |
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certain provisions in our charter and bylaws that may affect acquisition of the Company; |
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changes in accounting standards or tax laws and regulations; |
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market disruption and volatility; |
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restrictions on dividends and other distributions by laws and regulations and by our regulators and our capital structure; |
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issuance of preferred stock; |
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successfully raising additional capital, if needed, and the resulting dilution of interests of holders of our common stock; and |
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the soundness of other financial institutions . |
These and other factors are further described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (at Item 1A in particular), the Company’s other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and other filings the Company makes with the SEC from time to time. Actual results in any future period may also vary from the past results discussed in this report. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak to the date of this report. We have no intention and undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce any revision of any forward-looking statement to reflect future developments or events, except as required by law.
PART I
Item 1. Business.
Business of Bancorp
Overview
Cathay General Bancorp is a corporation that was organized in 1990 under the laws of the State of Delaware. We are the holding company of Cathay Bank, a California state-chartered commercial bank (“Cathay Bank” or the “Bank”), six limited partnerships investing in affordable housing investments in which the Bank is the sole limited partner, and GBC Venture Capital, Inc. We also own 100% of the common stock of five statutory business trusts created for the purpose of issuing capital securities. In the future, we may become an operating company or acquire savings institutions, other banks, or companies engaged in bank-related activities and may engage in such other activities or acquire such other businesses as may be permitted by applicable law. Our principal place of business is currently located at 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012, and our telephone number at that location is (213) 625-4700. In addition, certain of our administrative offices are located in El Monte, California, and our address there is 9650 Flair Drive, El Monte, California 91731. Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and our trading symbol is “CATY”.
We are regulated as a bank holding company by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve”). Cathay Bank is regulated as a California commercial bank by the California Department of Business Oversight (“DBO”) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) .
Subsidiaries of Bancorp
In addition to its wholly-owned bank subsidiary, the Bancorp has the following subsidiaries:
Cathay Capital Trust I, Cathay Statutory Trust I, Cathay Capital Trust II, Cathay Capital Trust III and Cathay Capital Trust IV . The Bancorp established Cathay Capital Trust I in June 2003, Cathay Statutory Trust I in September 2003, Cathay Capital Trust II in December 2003, Cathay Capital Trust III in March 2007, and Cathay Capital Trust IV in May 2007 (collectively, the “Trusts”) as wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Trusts are statutory business trusts. The Trusts issued capital securities representing undivided preferred beneficial interests in the assets of the Trusts. The Trusts exist for the purpose of issuing the capital securities and investing the proceeds thereof, together with proceeds from the purchase of the common securities of the Trusts by the Bancorp, in a certain series of securities issued by us, with similar terms to the relevant series securities issued by each of the Trusts, which we refer to as “Junior Subordinated Notes.” The Bancorp guarantees, on a limited basis, payments of distributions on the capital securities of the Trusts and payments on redemption of the capital securities of the Trusts. The Bancorp is the owner of all the beneficial interests represented by the common securities of the Trusts. The purpose of issuing the capital securities was to provide the Company with a cost-effective means of obtaining Tier 1 capital for regulatory purposes. Because the Bancorp is not the primary beneficiary of the Trusts, the financial statements of the Trusts are not included in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
GBC Venture Capital, Inc. The business purpose of GBC Venture Capital, Inc. is to hold equity interests (such as options or warrants) received as part of business relationships and to make equity investments in companies and limited partnerships subject to applicable regulatory restrictions.
Competition
Our primary business is to act as the holding company for the Bank. Accordingly, we face the same competitive pressures as those expected by the Bank. For a discussion of those risks, see “Business of the Bank — Competition ” below under this Item 1.
Employees
Due to the limited nature of the Bancorp’s activities as a bank holding company, the Bancorp currently does not employ any persons other than Bancorp’s management, which includes the Chief Executive Officer and President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice Presidents, the Secretary, Assistant Secretary, and the General Counsel. See also “Business of the Bank — Employees ” below under this Item 1.
Business of the Bank
General
Cathay Bank was incorporated under the laws of the State of California on August 22, 1961, was licensed by the California Department of Business Oversight ("DBO"), previously known as the California Department of Financial Institutions or California State Banking Department, and commenced operations as a California state-chartered bank on April 19, 1962. Cathay Bank is an insured bank under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act by the FDIC, but it is not a member of the Federal Reserve.
The Bank’s head office is located in the Chinatown area of Los Angeles, at 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012. In addition, as of December 31, 2013, the Bank had branch offices in Southern California (21 branches), Northern California (11 branches), New York (eight branches), Massachusetts (one branch), Texas (two branches), Washington (three branches), Illinois (three branch locations and one drive-through location), New Jersey (one branch), Nevada (one branch), and Hong Kong (one branch) and a representative office in Shanghai and in Taipei. Deposit accounts at the Hong Kong branch are not insured by the FDIC. Each branch has loan approval rights subject to the branch manager’s authorized lending limits. Current activities of the Shanghai and Taipei representative offices are limited to coordinating the transportation of documents to the Bank’s head office and performing liaison services.
Our primary market area is defined by the Community Reinvestment Act (the “CRA”) delineation, which includes the contiguous areas surrounding each of the Bank’s branch offices. It is the Bank’s policy to reach out and actively offer services to low and moderate income groups in the delineated branch service areas. Many of the Bank’s employees speak both English and one or more Chinese dialects or Vietnamese, and are thus able to serve the Bank’s Chinese, Vietnamese, and English speaking customers.
As a commercial bank, the Bank accepts checking, savings, and time deposits, and makes commercial, real estate, personal, home improvement, automobile, and other installment and term loans. From time to time, the Bank invests available funds in other interest-earning assets, such as U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, corporate bonds, and other security investments. The Bank also provides letters of credit, wire transfers, forward currency spot and forward contracts, traveler’s checks, safe deposit, night deposit, Social Security payment deposit, collection, bank-by-mail, drive-up and walk-up windows, automatic teller machines (“ATM”), Internet banking services, and other customary bank services.
The Bank primarily services individuals, professionals, and small to medium-sized businesses in the local markets in which its branches are located and provides commercial mortgage loans, commercial loans, Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans, residential mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, home equity lines of credit, and installment loans to individuals for automobile, household, and other consumer expenditures.
Through Cathay Wealth Management, the Bank provides its customers the ability to trade securities online and to purchase mutual funds, annuities, equities, bonds, and short-term money market instruments. All securities and insurance products provided by Cathay Wealth Management are offered by, and all Financial Consultants are registered with, Cetera Financial Services, a registered securities broker/dealer and licensed insurance agency and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and Security Investor Protection Corporation. Cetera Financial Services and Cathay Bank are independent entities. These products are not insured by the FDIC.
Securities
The Bank’s securities portfolio is managed in accordance with a written Investment Policy which addresses strategies, types, and levels of allowable investments, and which is reviewed and approved by our Board of Directors on an annual basis.
Our investment portfolio is managed to meet our liquidity needs through proceeds from scheduled maturities and is also utilized for pledging requirements for deposits of state and local subdivisions, securities sold under repurchase agreements, and Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances. The portfolio is comprised of U.S. government agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate debt instruments, asset-backed securities, mutual funds, and equity securities.
Information concerning the carrying value, maturity distribution, and yield analysis of the Company’s securities portfolio as well as a summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of the Bank’s securities by contractual maturity is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Loans
The Bank’s Board of Directors and senior management establish, review, and modify the Bank’s lending policies. These policies include (as applicable) an evaluation of a potential borrower’s financial condition, ability to repay the loan, character, existence of secondary repayment sources (such as guaranties), quality and availability of collateral, capital, leverage capacity of the borrower, regulatory guidelines, market conditions for the borrower’s business or project, and prevailing economic trends and conditions. Loan originations are obtained through a variety of sources, including existing customers, walk-in customers, referrals from brokers or existing customers, and advertising. While loan applications are accepted at all branches, the Bank’s centralized document department supervises the application process including documentation of loans, review of appraisals, and credit reports.
Commercial Mortgage Loans. Commercial mortgage loans are typically secured by first deeds of trust on commercial properties. Our commercial mortgage portfolio includes primarily commercial retail properties, shopping centers, and owner-occupied industrial facilities, and, secondarily, office buildings, multiple-unit apartments, hotels, and multi-tenanted industrial properties.
The Bank also makes medium-term commercial mortgage loans which are generally secured by commercial or industrial buildings where the borrower uses the property for business purposes or derives income from tenants.
Commercial Loans. The Bank provides financial services to diverse commercial and professional businesses in its market areas. Commercial loans consist primarily of short-term loans (normally with a maturity of up to one year) to support general business purposes, or to provide working capital to businesses in the form of lines of credit to finance trade. The Bank continues to focus primarily on commercial lending to small-to-medium size businesses within the Bank’s geographic market areas. The Bank participates or syndicates loans, typically more than $20 million in principal amount, with other financial institutions to limit its credit exposure. Commercial loan pricing is generally at a rate tied to the prime rate, as quoted in The Wall Street Journal , or the Bank’s reference rate.
SBA Loans. The Bank originates U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans under the national “preferred lender” status. Preferred lender status is granted to a lender that has made a certain number of SBA loans and which, in the opinion of the SBA, has staff qualified and experienced in small business loans. As a preferred lender, the Bank’s SBA Lending Group has the authority to issue, on behalf of the SBA, the SBA guaranty on loans under the 7(a) program which may result in shortening the time it takes to process a loan. In addition, under this program, the SBA delegates loan underwriting, closing, and most servicing and liquidation authority and responsibility to selected lenders.
The Bank utilizes both the 504 program, which is focused toward long-term financing of buildings and other long-term fixed assets, and the 7(a) program, which is the SBA’s primary loan program and which can be used for financing of a variety of general business purposes such as acquisition of land and buildings, equipment, inventory and working capital needs of eligible businesses generally over a 5- to 25-year term. The collateral position in the SBA loans is enhanced by the SBA guaranty in the case of 7(a) loans, and by lower loan-to-value ratios under the 504 program. The Bank has sold, and may in the future sell, the guaranteed portion of certain of its SBA 7(a) loans in the secondary market. SBA loan pricing is generally at a rate tied to the prime rate, as quoted in The Wall Street Journal .
Residential Mortgage Loans. The Bank originates single-family-residential mortgage loans. The single-family-residential mortgage loans are comprised of conforming, nonconforming, and jumbo residential mortgage loans, and are secured by first or subordinate liens on single (one-to-four) family residential properties. The Bank’s products include a fixed-rate residential mortgage loan and an adjustable-rate residential mortgage loan. Mortgage loans are underwritten in accordance with the Bank’s and regulatory guidelines, on the basis of the borrower’s financial capabilities, independent appraisal of value of the property, historical loan quality, and other relevant factors. As of December 31, 2013, approximately 59% of the Bank’s residential mortgages were for properties located in California . It is the current practice of the Bank to sell all conforming fixed rate residential first mortgages that meet Government Sponsored Agency guidelines to the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation on a cash basis as they are originated. The Bank retains all other mortgage loans it originates in its portfolio. As such, the Bank does not expect to be impacted by the expected regulations pertaining to risk retention, since the Bank does not securitize any of the loans it sells or retains.
Real Estate Construction Loans. The Bank’s real estate construction loan activity focuses on providing short-term loans to individuals and developers, primarily for the construction of multi-unit projects. Residential real estate construction loans are typically secured by first deeds of trust and guarantees of the borrower. The economic viability of the projects, borrower’s credit worthiness, and borrower’s and contractor’s experience are primary considerations in the loan underwriting decision. The Bank utilizes approved independent licensed appraisers and monitors projects during the construction phase through construction inspections and a disbursement program tied to the percentage of completion of each project. The Bank also occasionally makes unimproved property loans to borrowers who intend to construct a single-family residence on their lots generally within twelve months. In addition, the Bank makes commercial real estate construction loans to high net worth clients with adequate liquidity for construction of office and warehouse properties. Such loans are typically secured by first deeds of trust and are guaranteed by the borrower.
Home Equity Lines of Credit. The Bank offers variable-rate home equity lines of credit that are secured by the borrower’s home. The pricing on the variable-rate home equity line of credit is generally at a rate tied to the prime rate, as quoted in The Wall Street Journal , or the Bank’s reference rate. Borrowers may use this line of credit for home improvement financing, debt consolidation and other personal uses.
Installment Loans . Installment loans tend to be fixed rate and longer-term (one-to-six year maturities). These loans are funded primarily for the purpose of financing the purchase of automobiles and other personal uses of the borrower.
Distribution and Maturity of Loans. Information concerning types, distribution, and maturity of loans is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Asset Quality
The Bank’s lending and credit policies require management to review regularly the Bank’s loan portfolio so that the Bank can monitor the quality of its assets. If during the ordinary course of business, management becomes aware that a borrower may not be able to meet the contractual payment obligations under a loan, then that loan is supervised more closely with consideration given to placing the loan on non-accrual status, the need for an additional allowance for loan losses, and (if appropriate) partial or full charge-off.
Under the Bank’s current policy, a loan will generally be placed on a non-accrual status if interest or principal is past due 90 days or more, or in cases where management deems the full collection of principal and interest unlikely. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed and charged against current income, and subsequent payments received are generally first applied towards the outstanding principal balance of the loan. Depending on the circumstances, management may elect to continue the accrual of interest on certain past due loans if partial payment is received or the loan is well-collateralized, and in the process of collection. The loan is generally returned to accrual status when the borrower has brought the past due principal and interest payments current and, in the opinion of management, the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled. A non-accrual loan may also be returned to accrual status if all principal and interest contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period and there has been a sustained period of payment performance, generally six months.
Information concerning non-performing loans, restructured loans, allowance for credit losses, loans charged-off , loan recoveries, and other real estate owned is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 5 and Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Deposits
The Bank offers a variety of deposit products in order to meet its customers’ needs. As of December 31, 2013, the Bank offered passbook accounts, checking accounts, money market deposit accounts, certificates of deposit, individual retirement accounts, college certificates of deposit, and public funds deposits. These products are priced in order to promote growth of deposits.
The Bank’s deposits are generally obtained from residents within its geographic market area. The Bank utilizes traditional marketing methods to attract new customers and deposits, by offering a wide variety of products and services and utilizing various forms of advertising media. From time to time, the Bank may offer special deposit promotions. Information concerning types of deposit accounts, average deposits and rates, and maturity of time deposits of $100,000 or more is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Borrowings
Borrowings from time to time include securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the purchase of federal funds, funds obtained as advances from the FHLB, borrowing from other financial institutions, and Junior Subordinated Notes. Information concerning the types, amounts, and maturity of borrowings is included in Note 10 and Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Return on Equity and Assets
Information concerning the return on average assets, return on average stockholders’ equity, the average equity to assets ratio and the dividend payout ratio is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Interest Rates and Differentials
Information concerning the interest-earning asset mix, average interest-earning assets, average interest-bearing liabilities, and the yields on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income
An analysis of changes in net interest income due to changes in rate and volume is included in Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Commitments and Letters of Credit
Information concerning the Bank’s outstanding loan commitments and letters of credit is included in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Expansion
We have engaged in expansion through acquisitions and may consider acquisitions in the future in order to compete for new deposits and loans, and to be able to serve our customers more effectively.
Subsidiaries of Cathay Bank
Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust (“CB REIT”) is a real estate investment trust subsidiary of the Bank that was formed in January 2003 to provide the Bank with flexibility in raising capital. During 2003, the Bank contributed $1.13 billion in loans and securities to CB REIT in exchange for 100% of the common stock of CB REIT. CB REIT sold $4.4 million in 2003 and $4.2 million in 2004 of its 7.0% Series A Non-Cumulative preferred stock to accredited investors. During 2005, CB REIT repurchased $131,000 of its preferred stock. The Bank dissolved CB REIT on December 23, 2013, as the function of raising capital through CB REIT is no longer needed.
Cathay Community Development Corporation (“CCDC”) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank and was incorporated in September 2006. The primary mission of CCDC is to help in the development of low-income neighborhoods in the Bank's California and New York service areas by providing or facilitating the availability of capital to businesses and real estate developers working to renovate these neighborhoods. In October 2006, CCDC formed a wholly-owned subsidiary, Cathay New Asia Community Development Corporation (“CNACDC”), for the purpose of assuming New Asia Bank’s pre-existing New Markets Tax Credit activities in the greater Chicago area by providing or facilitating the availability of capital to businesses and real estate developers working to renovate these neighborhoods. CNACDC has been certified as a community development entity and is seeking to participate in the U.S. Treasury Department's New Markets Tax Credit program.
Cathay Holdings LLC (“CHLLC”) was incorporated in December 2007, Cathay Holdings 2 LLC (“CHLLC2”) was incorporated in January 2008, and Cathay Holdings 3 LLC (“CHLLC3”) was incorporated in December 2008. They are wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Bank. The purpose of these subsidiaries is to hold other real estate owned in the state of Texas that was transferred from the Bank. Since February 2011, CHLLC, CHLLC2, and CHLLC3 have not owned any real estate.
Competition
We face substantial competition for deposits, loans and other banking services, as well as acquisitions, throughout our market area from the major banks and financial institutions that dominate the commercial banking industry. This may cause our cost of funds to exceed that of our competitors. These banks and financial institutions, including those with foreign ownership, have greater resources than we do, including the ability to finance advertising campaigns and allocate their investment assets to regions of higher yield and demand and make acquisitions. By virtue of their larger capital bases, they have substantially greater lending limits than we do and perform certain functions, including trust services, which are not presently offered by us. We also compete for loans and deposits, as well as other banking services, such as payment services, with savings and loan associations, savings banks, brokerage houses, insurance companies, mortgage companies, credit unions, credit card companies and other financial and non-financial institutions and entities. These factors and ongoing consolidation among insured institutions in the financial services industry may adversely affect our ability to market our products and services. Significant increases in the costs of monitoring and ensuring compliance with new banking regulations and the necessary costs of upgrading information technology and data processing capabilities can have a disproportionate impact on our ability to compete with larger institutions.
To compete with other financial institutions in its primary service areas, the Bank relies principally upon local promotional activities, personal contacts by its officers, directors, employees, and stockholders, extended hours on weekdays, Saturday banking in certain locations, Internet banking, an Internet website ( www.cathaybank.com ), and certain other specialized services. The content of our website is not incorporated into and is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
If a proposed loan exceeds the Bank’s internal lending limits, the Bank has, in the past, and may in the future, arrange the loan on a participation or syndication basis with correspondent banks. The Bank also assists customers requiring other services not offered by the Bank to obtain these services from its correspondent banks.
In California, one larger Chinese-American bank competes for loans and deposits with the Bank and at least two super-regional banks compete with the Bank for deposits. In addition, there are many other Chinese-American banks in both Southern and Northern California. Banks from the Pacific Rim countries, such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China also continue to open branches in the Los Angeles area, thus increasing competition in the Bank’s primary markets. See discussion below in Part I — Item 1A — “Risk Factors.”
Employees
As of December 31, 2013, the Bank and its subsidiaries employed approximately 1,132 persons, including 494 banking officers. None of the employees are represented by a union. We believe that our employer-employee relations are good.
Available Information
We invite you to visit our website at www.cathaygeneralbancorp.com , to access free of charge the Bancorp's Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports, all of which are made available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with or furnish it to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In addition, you can write to us to obtain a free copy of any of those reports at Cathay General Bancorp, 9650 Flair Drive, El Monte, California 91731, Attn: Investor Relations. These reports are also available through the SEC’s Public Reference Room, located at 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549 and online at the SEC’s website, located at www.sec.gov . Investors can obtain information about the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room by calling 800-SEC-0300.
Regulation and Supervision
General
The Bancorp and the Bank are subject to significant regulation and restrictions by federal and state laws and regulatory agencies. This regulation is intended primarily for the protection of depositors and the deposit insurance fund, and secondarily for the stability of the U.S. banking system. The following discussion of statutes and regulations is a summary and does not purport to be complete nor does it address all applicable statutes and regulations. This discussion is also qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text and to the implementation and enforcement of the statutes and regulations referred to in this discussion.
Additional initiatives may be proposed or introduced before Congress, the California Legislature, and other governmental bodies in the future. Such proposals, if enacted, may further alter the structure, regulation, and competitive relationship among financial institutions and may subject us to increased supervision and disclosure and reporting requirements. In addition, the various bank regulatory agencies often adopt new rules and regulations and policies to implement and enforce existing legislation. It cannot be predicted whether, or in what form, any such legislation or regulatory changes in policy may be enacted or the extent to which the business of the Bank would be affected thereby. In addition, the outcome of examinations, any litigation, or any investigations initiated by state or federal authorities may result in necessary changes in our operations and increased compliance costs.
The implementation and impact of legislation and regulations enacted since 2008 in response to the U.S. economic downturn and financial industry instability continued in 2013 as modest recovery returned to many institutions in the banking sector. Many institutions have repaid and redeemed U.S. Treasury loans and investments under the Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”). The Company participated in TARP Capital Purchase Program and in 2013 fully redeemed the $258 million of preferred stock it had issued to the U.S. Treasury.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank Act”) financial reform legislation significantly revised and expanded the rulemaking, supervisory and enforcement authority of the federal bank regulatory agencies. The numerous rules and regulations promulgated pursuant to Dodd-Frank are likely to significantly impact our operations and compliance costs. Certain provisions of Dodd-Frank are now effective and have been fully implemented, including the revisions in the deposit insurance assessment base for FDIC insurance and the permanent increase in coverage to $250,000; the permissibility of paying interest on business checking accounts; the removal of barriers to interstate branching and required disclosure and shareholder advisory votes on executive compensation. Action in 2013 to implement the final Dodd-Frank provisions included (i) final new capital rules, (ii) a final rule to implement the so called Volcker rule restrictions on certain proprietary trading and investment activities and (iii) final rules and increased enforcement action by the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau (“CFPB”).
New Capital Rules
In July 2013, the federal bank regulatory agencies adopted final regulations which revised their risk-based and leverage capital requirements for banking organizations to meet requirements of Dodd-Frank and to implement international agreements reached by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision that were intended to improve both the quality and quantity of banking organizations’ capital (“Basel III”). Although many of the rules contained in these final regulations are applicable only to large, internationally active banks, some of them will apply on a phased in basis to all banking organizations, including the Company and the Bank.
The following are among the new requirements that will be phased in beginning January 1, 2015:
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An increase in the minimum Tier 1 capital ratio from 4.00% to 6.00% of risk-weighted assets . |
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A new category and a required 4.50% of risk-weighted assets ratio is established for “common equity Tier 1” as a subset of Tier 1 capital limited to common equity . |
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A minimum non-risk-based leverage ratio is set at 4.00% eliminating a 3.00% exception for higher rated banks . |
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Changes in the permitted composition of Tier 1 capital to exclude trust preferred securities, mortgage servicing rights and certain deferred tax assets and include unrealized gains and losses on available for sale debt and equity securities . |
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A new additional capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk weighted assets over each of the required capital ratios that will be phased in from 2016 to 2019 must be met to avoid limitations in the ability of the Bank to pay dividends, repurchase shares or pay discretionary bonuses . |
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The risk-weights of certain assets for purposes of calculating the risk-based capital ratios are changed for high volatility commercial real estate acquisition, development and construction loans, certain past due non-residential mortgage loans and certain mortgage-backed and other securities exposures . |
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An additional “countercyclical capital buffer” is required for larger and more complex institutions . |
Final Volcker Rule
In December 2013, the federal bank regulatory agencies adopted final rules that implement a part of Dodd-Frank commonly referred to as the “Volcker Rule.” Under these rules and subject to certain exceptions, banking entities, including the Company and the Bank, will be restricted from engaging in activities that are considered proprietary trading and from sponsoring or investing in certain entities, including hedge or private equity funds that are considered “covered funds.” These rules will become effective on April 1, 2014. Certain collateralized debt obligations (“CDO”) securities backed by trust preferred securities were initially defined as covered funds subject to the investment prohibitions of the final rule. Action taken by the Federal Reserve in January 2014 exempted many such securities to address the concern that community banks holding such CDO securities may have been required to recognize losses on those securities.
The Company held limited partnership interests totaling approximately $6.0 million at December 31, 2013 which were considered covered funds under the final rule. Therefore, these new rules when effective will require us to sell or restructure these limited partnership interests before July 21, 2015 or seek approval from the Federal Reserve Board for a two year extension to dispose of these covered funds. Except for discontinuing such investments, we believe that the final rules will not require any material changes in our operations or business.
CFPB Actions
Dodd-Frank provided for the creation of the CFPB as an independent entity within the Federal Reserve with broad rulemaking, supervisory , and enforcement authority over consumer financial products and services, including deposit products, residential mortgages, home-equity loans and credit cards. The bureau’s functions include investigating consumer complaints, conducting market research, rulemaking, supervising and examining bank consumer transactions, and enforcing rules related to consumer financial products and services. CFPB regulations and guidance apply to all financial institutions and banks with $10 billion or more in assets, which are subject to examination by the CFPB. Banks with less than $10 billion in assets will continue to be examined for compliance by their primary federal banking agency. Significant recent CFPB developments that may affect the Bank's operations and compliance costs include:
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The issuance of final rules for residential mortgage lending, which became effective January 10, 2014, including definitions for “qualified mortgages” and detailed standards by which lenders must satisfy themselves of the borrower’s ability to repay the loan , and revised forms of disclosure under the Truth in Lending Act and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act . |
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The issuance of a policy report on arbitration clauses which could result in the restriction or prohibition of lenders including arbitration clauses in consumer financial services contracts . |
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Actions taken to regulate and supervise credit bureaus and debt collections . |
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Positions taken by CFPB on fair lending, including applying the disparate impact theory in auto financing, which could make it harder for lenders to charge different rates or apply different terms . |
As the Bank has more than $10 billion in assets, it is now examined for compliance with CFPB regulation by the CFPB in addition to examinations of the Bank by the FDIC and the DBO.
Bank Holding Company and Bank Regulation
The Bancorp is a bank holding company within the meaning of the Bank Holding Company Act and is registered as such with the Federal Reserve. The Bancorp is also a bank holding company within the meaning of Section 1280 of the California Financial Code. Therefore, the Bancorp and any of its subsidiaries are subject to supervision and examination by, and may be required to file reports with, the DBO. As a California commercial bank the deposits of which are insured by the FDIC, the Bank is subject to regulation, supervision, and regular examination by the DBO and by the FDIC, as the Bank’s primary federal regulator, and must additionally comply with certain applicable regulations of the Federal Reserve.
Bank holding companies and their bank and non-bank subsidiaries are subject to significant regulation and restrictions by federal and state laws and regulatory agencies. These laws, regulations and restrictions, which may affect the cost of doing business, limit permissible activities and expansion or impact the competitive balance between banks and other financial services providers, are intended primarily for the protection of depositors and the FDIC’s Deposit Insurance Fund, and secondarily for the stability of the U.S. banking system. They are not intended for the benefit of stockholders of financial institutions. The following discussion of key statutes and regulations to which the Bancorp and the Bank are subject is a summary and does not purport to be complete nor does it address all applicable statutes and regulations. This discussion is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full statutes and regulations.
The wide range of requirements and restrictions contained in both federal and state banking laws include:
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Requirements that bank holding companies and banks file periodic reports. |
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Requirements that bank holding companies and banks meet or exceed minimum capital requirements . |
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Requirements that bank holding companies serve as a source of financial and managerial strength for their banking subsidiaries. In addition, the regulatory agencies have “prompt corrective action” authority to limit activities and require a limited guaranty of a required bank capital restoration plan by a bank holding company if the capital of a bank subsidiary falls below capital levels required by the regulators. |
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Limitations on dividends payable to stockholders. The Bancorp’s ability to pay dividends is subject to legal and regulatory restrictions. A substantial portion of the Bancorp’s funds to pay dividends or to pay principal and interest on our debt obligations is derived from dividends paid by the Bank. |
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Limitations on dividends payable by bank subsidiaries. These dividends are subject to various legal and regulatory restrictions. The federal banking agencies have indicated that paying dividends that deplete a depositary institution’s capital base to an inadequate level would be an unsafe and unsound banking practice. Moreover, the federal agencies have issued policy statements that provide that bank holding companies and insured banks should generally only pay dividends out of current operating earnings. |
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Safety and soundness requirements. Banks must be operated in a safe and sound manner and meet standards applicable to internal controls, information systems, internal audit, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth, and compensation, as well as other operational and management standards. These safety and soundness requirements give bank regulatory agencies significant latitude in exercising their supervisory authority and the authority to initiate informal or formal enforcement actions. |
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Requirements for notice, application and approval, or non-objection of acquisitions and activities conducted directly or in subsidiaries of the Bancorp or the Bank. |
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Compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”). The CRA requires that banks help meet the credit needs in their communities, including the availability of credit to low and moderate income individuals. If the Bank fails to adequately serve its communities, restrictions may be imposed, including denials of applications for branches, for adding subsidiaries or affiliate companies, for engaging in new activities or for the merger with or purchase of other financial institutions. In its last reported examination by the FDIC in March 2011, the Bank received a CRA rating of “Satisfactory.” |
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Compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act, the USA Patriot Act, and other anti-money laundering laws. These laws and regulations require financial institutions to assist U.S. government agencies in detecting and preventing money laundering and other illegal acts by maintaining policies, procedures and controls designed to detect and report money laundering, terrorist financing, and other suspicious activity. |
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Limitations on the amount of loans to one borrower and its affiliates and to executive officers and directors. |
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Limitations on transactions with affiliates. |
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Restrictions on the nature and amount of any investments in, and the ability to underwrite, certain securities. |
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Requirements for opening of intra- and interstate branches. |
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Compliance with truth in lending and other consumer protection and disclosure laws to ensure equal access to credit and to protect consumers in credit transactions. |
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Compliance with provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (“GLB Act”) and other federal and state laws dealing with privacy for nonpublic personal information of customers. |
Additional Restrictions on Bancorp and Bank Activities
Subject to prior notice or Federal Reserve approval, bank holding companies may generally engage in, or acquire shares of companies engaged in, activities determined by the Federal Reserve to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto. Bank holding companies which elect and retain “financial holding company” status pursuant to the GLB Act may engage in these nonbanking activities and broader securities, insurance, merchant banking and other activities that are determined to be “financial in nature” or are incidental or complementary to activities that are financial in nature without prior Federal Reserve approval. Pursuant to the GLB Act and the Dodd-Frank Act, in order to elect and retain financial holding company status, a bank holding company and all depository institution subsidiaries of a bank holding company must be well capitalized and well managed, and, except in limited circumstances, depository subsidiaries must be in satisfactory compliance with the CRA, which requires banks to help meet the credit needs of the communities in which they operate. Failure to sustain compliance with these requirements or correct any non-compliance within a fixed time period could lead to divestiture of subsidiary banks or require all activities to conform to those permissible for a bank holding company. The Bancorp has not elected financial holding company status and has not engaged in any activities determined by the Federal Reserve to be financial in nature or incidental or complementary to activities that are financial in nature.
Pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (“FDI Act”) and the California Financial Code, California state chartered commercial banks may generally engage in any activity permissible for national banks. Therefore, the Bank may form subsidiaries to engage in the many so-called “closely related to banking” or “nonbanking” activities commonly conducted by national banks in operating subsidiaries or subsidiaries of bank holding companies. Further, pursuant to the GLB Act, California banks may conduct certain “financial” activities in a subsidiary to the same extent as may a national bank, provided the bank is and remains “well-capitalized,” “well-managed” and in satisfactory compliance with the CRA. The Bank currently has no financial subsidiaries.
Regulation of the Bank
As a California commercial bank whose deposits are insured by the FDIC, the Bank is subject to regulation, supervision, and regular examination by the DBO and by the FDIC, as the Bank’s primary Federal regulator, and must additionally comply with certain applicable regulations of the Federal Reserve. Specific federal and state laws and regulations which are applicable to banks regulate, among other things, the scope of their business, their investments, their reserves against deposits, the timing of the availability of deposited funds, their activities relating to dividends, investments, loans, the nature and amount of and collateral for certain loans, servicing and foreclosing on loans, borrowings, capital requirements, certain check-clearing activities, branching, and mergers and acquisitions. California banks are also subject to statutes and regulations including Federal Reserve Regulation O and Federal Reserve Act Sections 23A and 23B and Regulation W, which restrict or limit loans or extensions of credit to “insiders ,” including officers, directors, and principal shareholders, and loans or extension of credit by banks to affiliates or purchases of assets from affiliates, including parent bank holding companies, except pursuant to certain exceptions and only on terms and conditions at least as favorable to those prevailing for comparable transactions with unaffiliated parties. Dodd-Frank expanded definitions and restrictions on transactions with affiliates and insiders under Sections 23A and 23B and also lending limits for derivative transactions, repurchase agreements and securities lending , and borrowing transactions
The Bank operates branches and/or loan production offices in California, New York, Illinois, Massachusetts, Texas, Washington, Nevada, and New Jersey. While the DBO remains the Bank’s primary state regulator, the Bank’s operations in these jurisdictions are subject to examination and supervision by local bank regulators, and transactions with customers in those jurisdictions are subject to local laws, including consumer protection laws. The Bank also operates a branch in Hong Kong and a representative office in Taipei and in Shanghai. The operations of these foreign offices and branches (and limits on the scope of their activities) are subject to local law and regulatory authorities in those jurisdictions in addition to regulation and supervision by the DBO and the Federal Reserve.
Enforcement Authority
The federal and California regulatory structure gives the bank regulatory agencies extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities and examination policies, including policies with respect to the classification of assets and the establishment of adequate loan loss reserves for regulatory purposes. The regulatory agencies have adopted guidelines to assist in identifying and addressing potential safety and soundness concerns before an institution’s capital becomes impaired. The guidelines establish operational and managerial standards generally relating to: (i) internal controls, information systems, and internal audit systems; (ii) loan documentation; (iii) credit underwriting; (iv) interest-rate exposure; (v) asset growth and asset quality; and (vi) compensation, fees, and benefits. Further, the regulatory agencies have adopted safety and soundness guidelines for asset quality and for evaluating and monitoring earnings to ensure that earnings are sufficient for the maintenance of adequate capital and reserves. If, as a result of an examination, the DBO or the FDIC should determine that the financial condition, capital resources, asset quality, earnings prospects, management, liquidity, or other aspects of the Bank’s operations are unsatisfactory or that the Bank or its management is violating or has violated any law or regulation, the DBO and the FDIC, and separately the FDIC as insurer of the Bank’s deposits, have residual authority to:
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Require affirmative action to correct any conditions resulting from any violation or practice; |
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Direct an increase in capital and the maintenance of higher specific minimum capital ratios, which may preclude the Bank from being deemed well capitalized and restrict its ability to accept certain brokered deposits; |
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Restrict the Bank’s growth geographically, by products and services, or by mergers and acquisitions; |
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Enter into or issue informal or formal enforcement actions, including required Board resolutions, memoranda of understanding, written agreements and consent or cease and desist orders or prompt corrective action orders to take corrective action and cease unsafe and unsound practices; |
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Require prior approval of senior executive officer or director changes , remove officers and directors, and assess civil monetary penalties; and |
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Terminate FDIC insurance, revoke the Bank’s charter, take possession of and close and liquidate the Bank, or appoint the FDIC as receiver. |
The Federal Reserve has similar enforcement authority over bank holding companies and commonly takes parallel action in conjunction with actions taken by a subsidiary bank’s regulators.
Deposit Insurance
The FDIC is an independent federal agency that insures deposits, up to prescribed statutory limits, of federally insured banks and savings institutions and safeguards the safety and soundness of the banking and savings industries. The FDIC insures our customer deposits through the Deposit Insurance Fund (the “DIF”) up to prescribed limits of $250,000 for each depositor pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act. The amount of FDIC assessments paid by each DIF member institution is based on its relative risk of default as measured by regulatory capital ratios and other supervisory factors. All FDIC-insured institutions are also required to pay assessments to the FDIC to fund interest payments on bonds issued by the Financing Corporation (“FICO"), an agency of the federal government established to recapitalize the predecessor to the DIF. These assessments will continue until the FICO bonds mature in 2017.
We are generally unable to control the amount of assessments that we are required to pay for FDIC insurance. If there are additional bank or financial institution failures or if the FDIC otherwise determines, we may be required to pay even higher FDIC assessments than the recently increased levels. These increases in FDIC insurance assessments may have a material and adverse effect on our earnings and could have a material adverse effect on the value of, or market for, our common stock.
Current Capital Adequacy Requirements
Bank holding companies and banks are currently subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by state and federal banking agencies which apply until the increased capital requirements of the new capital rules are effective and fully phased in. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weighting, and other factors. At December 31, 2013, the Company’s and the Bank’s capital ratios significantly exceeded the minimum capital adequacy guideline percentage requirements of the federal banking agencies for being considered “well capitalized” institutions. See Part II Item 7- “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Capital Resources — Capital Adequacy .”
The current risk-based capital guidelines for bank holding companies and banks adopted by the federal banking agencies are expected to provide a measure of capital that reflects the degree of risk associated with a banking organization’s operations for both transactions reported on the balance sheet as assets, such as loans, and those recorded as off-balance sheet items, such as commitments, letters of credit and recourse arrangements. The risk-based capital ratio is determined by classifying assets and certain off-balance sheet financial instruments into weighted categories, with higher levels of capital being required for those categories perceived as representing greater risks and dividing its qualifying capital by its total risk-adjusted assets and off-balance sheet items. Bank holding companies and banks engaged in significant trading activity may also be subject to the market risk capital guidelines and be required to incorporate additional market and interest rate risk components into their risk-based capital standards.
The currently effective risk-based capital guidelines of the regulatory agencies were based upon the 1988 capital accord ("Basel I") of the Basel Committee on Bank Supervision ("Basel Committee"), a committee of central banks and bank supervisors/regulators from the major industrialized countries that develops broad policy guidelines, which each country's supervisors can use to determine the supervisory policies they apply to their home jurisdiction. In 2004 the Basel Committee proposed a new capital accord ("Basel II") to replace Basel I that provided approaches for setting capital standards for credit risk and capital requirements for operational risk and refining the existing capital requirements for market risk exposures. U.S. banking regulators published a final rule for Basel II implementation for banks with over $250 billion in consolidated total assets. However, a definitive rule was not issued and instead the new capital rules to implement Basel III were first proposed in 2010.
Qualifying capital is classified depending on the type of capital:
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“Tier I capital” currently includes common equity and trust preferred securities, subject to certain criteria and quantitative limits. |
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“Tier II capital” includes hybrid capital instruments, other qualifying debt instruments, a limited amount of the allowance for loan and lease losses, and a limited amount of unrealized holding gains on equity securities. |
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“Tier III capital” consists of qualifying unsecured debt. The sum of Tier II and Tier III capital may not exceed the amount of Tier I capital. |
Under the current capital guidelines, there are three fundamental capital ratios: a total risk-based capital ratio, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio. To be deemed “well capitalized” a bank must have a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.00%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least at 6.00%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 5.00%. There is currently no Tier 1 leverage requirement for a holding company to be deemed well-capitalized. At December 31, 2013, the respective capital ratios of the Bancorp and the Bank exceeded the minimum percentage requirements to be deemed “well-capitalized.” As of December 31, 2013, the Bank’s total risk-based capital ratio was 15.79% and its Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 14.53%. As of December 31, 2013, the Bancorp’s total risk-based capital ratio was 16.35% and its Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 15.04%.
The Bancorp and the Bank are also required to maintain a leverage capital ratio designed to supplement the risk-based capital guidelines. Banks and bank holding companies that have received the highest rating of the five categories used by regulators to rate banks and that are not anticipating or experiencing any significant growth must maintain a ratio of Tier 1 capital (net of all intangibles) to adjusted total assets of at least 3.00%. All other institutions are required to maintain a leverage ratio of at least 100 to 200 basis points above the 3.00% minimum, for a minimum of 4.00% to 5.00%. As of December 31, 2013, the Bank’s leverage capital ratio was 12.06%, and the Bancorp’s leverage capital ratio was 12.48%, both of which exceeded regulatory minimums.
Pursuant to federal regulations, banks must maintain capital levels commensurate with the level of risk to which they are exposed, including the volume and severity of problem loans. Federal regulators may set higher capital requirements when a bank’s particular circumstances warrant and have required many banks and bank holding companies subject to enforcement actions to maintain capital ratios in excess of the minimum ratios otherwise required to be deemed well capitalized, in which case institutions may no longer be deemed well capitalized and may therefore be subject to restrictions on taking brokered deposits.
The implementation of more stringent requirements to maintain higher levels of capital or to maintain higher levels of liquid assets could adversely impact the Bancorp’s net income and return on equity, restrict the ability to pay dividends and require the raising of additional capital.
Failure to meet statutorily mandated capital guidelines or more restrictive ratios separately established for a financial institution could subject a bank or bank holding company to a variety of enforcement remedies, including issuance of a capital directive, the termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC, a prohibition on accepting or renewing brokered deposits, limitations on the rates of interest that the institution may pay on its deposits and other restrictions on its business. Significant additional restrictions can be imposed on FDIC-insured depository institutions that fail to meet applicable capital requirements under the regulatory agencies’ prompt corrective action authority.
Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
The FDI Act requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to take “prompt corrective action” with respect to a depository institution if that institution does not meet certain capital adequacy standards, including requiring the prompt submission of an acceptable capital restoration plan. Depending on the bank’s capital ratios, the agencies’ regulations define five categories in which an insured depository institution will be placed: well-capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized. At each successive lower capital category, an insured bank is subject to more restrictions, including restrictions on the bank's activities, operational practices or the ability to pay dividends. Based upon its capital levels, a bank that is classified as well-capitalized, adequately capitalized, or undercapitalized may be treated as though it were in the next lower capital category if the appropriate federal banking agency, after notice and opportunity for hearing, determines that an unsafe or unsound condition, or an unsafe or unsound practice, warrants such treatment.
The prompt corrective action standards will change when the new capital rule ratios become effective. Under the new standards, in order to be considered well-capitalized, the Bank would be required to have meet the new common equity Tier 1 ratio of 6.5%, an increased Tier 1 ratio of 8% (increased from 6%), a total capital ratio of 10% (unchanged) and a leverage ratio of 5% (unchanged).
Dividends
Holders of the Bancorp’s common stock are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by the board of directors out of funds legally available therefore under the laws of the State of Delaware. Delaware corporations such as the Bancorp may make distributions to their stockholders out of their surplus, or in case there is no surplus, out of their net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year. However, dividends may not be paid out of a corporation’s net profits if, after the payment of the dividend, the corporation’s capital would be less than the capital represented by the issued and outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets. The amount of future dividends will depend on our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors, and will be determined by our board of directors in accordance with the capital management and dividend policy.
It is the Federal Reserve’s policy that bank holding companies should generally pay dividends on common stock only out of income available over the past year, and only if prospective earnings retention is consistent with the organization’s expected future needs and financial condition. It is also the Federal Reserve’s policy that bank holding companies should not maintain dividend levels that undermine their ability to be a source of strength to their banking subsidiaries. The Federal Reserve also discourages dividend policy payment ratios that are at maximum allowable levels unless both asset quality and capital are very strong.
The terms of our Junior Subordinated Notes also limit our ability to pay dividends on our common stock. If we are not current in our payment of dividends on our payment of interest on our Junior Subordinated Notes, we may not pay dividends on our common stock.
The Bank is a legal entity that is separate and distinct from its holding company. The Bancorp is dependent on the performance of the Bank for funds which may be received as dividends from the Bank for use in the operation of the Bancorp and the ability of the Bancorp to pay dividends to stockholders. Future cash dividends by the Bank will also depend upon management’s assessment of future capital requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors. When effective, the new capital rules may restrict dividends by the Bank if the additional capital conservation buffer is not achieved.
The power of the board of directors of the Bank to declare cash dividends to the Bancorp is subject to California law, which restricts the amount available for cash dividends to the lesser of a bank’s retained earnings or net income for its last three fiscal years (less any distributions to stockholders made during such period). Where the above test is not met, cash dividends may still be paid, with the prior approval of the DBO in an amount not exceeding the greatest of (i) retained earnings of the Bank; (ii) the net income of the Bank for its last fiscal year; or (iii) the net income of the Bank for its current fiscal year. Future cash dividends by the Bank will also depend upon management’s assessment of future capital requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors.
Operations and Consumer Compliance Laws
The Bank must comply with numerous federal anti-money laundering and consumer protection statutes and implementing regulations, including the USA Patriot Act, the Bank Secrecy Act, the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, the CRA, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, as amended by the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Truth in Lending Act, the Fair Housing Act, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, the National Flood Insurance Act, and various federal and state privacy protection laws. The Bank and the Company are also subject to federal and state laws prohibiting unfair or fraudulent business practices, untrue or misleading advertising , and unfair competition.
These laws and regulations also mandate certain disclosure and reporting requirements and regulate the manner in which financial institutions must deal with customers when taking deposits, making loans, collecting loans, and providing other services. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations can subject the Bank to lawsuits and penalties, including enforcement actions, injunctions, fines or criminal penalties, punitive damages to consumers, and the loss of certain contractual rights.
Federal Home Loan Bank System
The Bank is a member of the FHLB of San Francisco. Among other benefits, each FHLB serves as a reserve or central bank for its members within its assigned region. Each FHLB is financed primarily from the sale of consolidated obligations of the FHLB system. Each FHLB makes available loans or advances to its members in compliance with the policies and procedures established by the board of directors of the individual FHLB. Each member of the FHLB of San Francisco is required to own stock in an amount equal to the greater of (i) a membership stock requirement with an initial cap of $25 million (100% of “membership asset value” as defined), or (ii) an activity based stock requirement (based on a percentage of outstanding advances). There can be no assurance that the FHLB will pay dividends at the same rate it has paid in the past, or that it will pay any dividends in the future.
Impact of Monetary Policies
The earnings and growth of the Bank are largely dependent on its ability to maintain a favorable differential or spread between the yield on its interest-earning assets and the rates paid on its deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities. As a result, the Bank’s performance is influenced by general economic conditions, both domestic and foreign, the monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government, and the policies of the regulatory agencies. The Federal Reserve implements national monetary policies (such as seeking to curb inflation and combat recession) by its open-market operations in U.S. government securities, by adjusting the required level of reserves for financial institutions subject to its reserve requirements , and by varying the discount rate applicable to borrowings by banks from the Federal Reserve Banks. The actions of the Federal Reserve in these areas influence the growth of bank loans, investments, and deposits, and also affect interest rates charged on loans and deposits. The nature and impact of any future changes in monetary policies cannot be predicted.
Securities and Corporate Governance
The Bancorp is subject to the disclosure and regulatory requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, both as administered by the SEC. As a company listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the Company is subject to NASDAQ listing standards for listed companies. The Bancorp is also subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act, and other federal and state laws and regulations which address, among other issues, required executive certification of financial presentations, corporate governance requirements for board audit and compensation committees and their members, and disclosure of controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, auditing and accounting, executive compensation, and enhanced and timely disclosure of corporate information. NASDAQ has also adopted corporate governance rules, which are intended to allow stockholders and investors to more easily and efficiently monitor the performance of companies and their directors.
Audit Requirements
The Bank is required to have an annual independent audit, alone or as a part of its bank holding company’s audit, and to prepare all financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The Bank and the Bancorp are also each required to have an audit committee comprised entirely of independent directors. As required by NASDAQ, the Bancorp has certified that its audit committee has adopted formal written charters and meets the requisite number of directors, independence, and qualification standards. As such, among other requirements, the Bancorp must maintain an audit committee that includes members with banking or related financial management expertise, has access to its own outside counsel, and does not include members who are large customers of the Bank. In addition, because the Bank has more than $3 billion in total assets, it is subject to the FDIC requirements for audit committees of large institutions.
Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act , management and the Bancorp’s independent registered public accounting firm are required to assess the effectiveness of the Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013. These assessments are included in Part II — Item 9A — “Controls and Procedures.”
Regulation of Non-Bank Subsidiaries
Non-bank subsidiaries are subject to additional or separate regulation and supervision by other state, federal and self-regulatory bodies. Additionally, any foreign-based subsidiaries would also be subject to foreign laws and regulations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Difficult business and economic conditions can adversely affect our industry and business.
Our financial performance generally, and the ability of borrowers to pay interest on and repay the principal of outstanding loans and the value of the collateral securing those loans, is highly dependent upon the business and economic conditions in the markets in which we operate and in the United States as a whole. Although the U.S. economy has recently showed signs of improvement, consumer spending and gross domestic product growth have been less robust than expected and unemployment remains historically high . Some local governments have been experiencing financial difficulties. There remains uncertainty over the federal debt ceiling and the direction and long-term effects of the Federal Reserve’s quantitative easing and tapering of it. In addition, concerns about the performance of international economies, especially in Europe and emerging markets, and economic conditions in Asia, particularly the economies of China and Taiwan, can impact the economy and financial markets here in the United States. Concerns about the economy have also resulted in decreased lending by financial institutions to their customers and to each other. These economic pressures on consumers and businesses may continue to adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and stock price. In particular, we may face the following risks in connection with these events:
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We face increased regulation of our industry, including changes by Congress or federal regulatory agencies to the banking and financial institutions regulatory regime and heightened legal standards and regulatory requirements that may be adopted in the future. Compliance with such regulation may increase our costs and limit our ability to pursue business opportunities. |
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The process we use to estimate losses inherent in our credit exposure requires difficult, subjective, and complex judgments, including forecasts of economic conditions and how these economic conditions might impair the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans. The level of uncertainty concerning economic conditions may adversely affect the accuracy of our estimates which may, in turn, impact the reliability of the process. |
Our banking operations are concentrated primarily in California, and secondarily in New York, Texas, Massachusetts, Washington, Illinois, New Jersey, Nevada, and Hong Kong. Adverse economic conditions in these regions in particular could impair borrowers’ ability to service their loans, decrease the level and duration of deposits by customers, and erode the value of loan collateral. These conditions include the effects of the general decline in real estate sales and prices in many markets across the United States , the economic recession of recent years, and higher rates of unemployment. These conditions could increase the amount of our non-performing assets and have an adverse effect on our efforts to collect our non-performing loans or otherwise liquidate our non-performing assets (including other real estate owned) on terms favorable to us, if at all, and could also cause a decline in demand for our products and services, or a lack of growth or a decrease in deposits, any of which may cause us to incur losses, adversely affect our capital, and hurt our business.
We may be required to make additional provisions for loan losses and charge off additional loans in the future, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
At December 31, 2013, our allowance for loan losses totaled $173.9 million and we had total charge-offs of $6.4 million for 2013. Although economic conditions in the real estate market in portions of Los Angeles, San Diego, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties and the Central Valley of California where many of our commercial real estate and construction loan customers are based, have improved, the economic recovery in these areas of California is uneven and in some areas rather slow, with relatively high and persistent unemployment. Moreover, rising interest rates may adversely affect real estate sales. As of December 31, 2013, we had approximately $4.2 billion in commercial real estate and construction loans. Any deterioration in the real estate market generally and in the commercial real estate and residential building segments in particular could result in additional loan charge-offs and provisions for loan losses in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, net income, and capital.
The allowance for credit losses is an estimate of probable credit losses. Actual credit losses in excess of the estimate could adversely affect our results of operations and capital.
A significant source of risk arises from the possibility that we could sustain losses because borrowers, guarantors, and related parties may fail to perform in accordance with the terms of their loans and leases. The underwriting and credit monitoring policies and procedures that we have adopted to address this risk may not prevent unexpected losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. The allowance for credit losses is based on management’s estimate of the probable losses from our credit portfolio. If actual losses exceed the estimate, the excess losses could adversely affect our results of operations and capital. Such excess losses could also lead to larger allowances for credit losses in future periods, which could in turn adversely affect results of operations and capital in those periods. If economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in the estimate or adverse developments arise with respect to our credits, future losses may occur, and increases in the allowance may be necessary. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the adequacy of our allowance. These agencies may require us to establish additional allowances based on their judgment of the information available at the time of their examinations. No assurance can be given that we will not sustain credit losses in excess of present or future levels of the allowance for credit losses.
We may become subject to supervisory action by bank supervisory authorities that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and the value of our common stock.
Under federal and state laws and regulations pertaining to the safety and soundness of financial institutions, the FRB SF has authority over Bancorp and separately the DBO and FDIC have authority over the Bank to compel or restrict certain actions if the Bancorp or the Bank should violate any laws or regulations, if its capital should fall below adequate capital standards as a result of operating losses, or if these regulators otherwise determine that the Bancorp or the Bank have engaged in unsafe or unsound practices, including failure to exercise proper risk oversight over the many areas of Bancorp’s and the Bank’s operations. These regulators, as well as the CFPB, also have authority over the Bancorp and the Bank over compliance with various statutes and consumer protection and other regulations. Among other matters, the corrective actions may include, but are not limited to, requiring the Bancorp and/or the Bank to enter into informal or formal enforcement orders, including board resolutions, memoranda of understanding, written agreements, supervisory letters, commitment letters, and consent or cease and desist orders to take corrective action and refrain from unsafe and unsound practices; removing officers and directors; assessing civil monetary penalties; and taking possession of and closing and liquidating the Bank. If we are unable to meet the requirements of any corrective actions, we could become subject to supervisory action. The terms of any such supervisory action could have a material negative effect on our business, our financial condition, and the value of our common stock.
Additional requirements imposed by the Dodd-Frank Act could adversely affect us.
Recent government efforts to strengthen the U.S. financial system have resulted in the imposition of additional regulatory requirements, including expansive financial services regulatory reform legislation. The Dodd-Frank Act provided for sweeping regulatory changes and the establishment of strengthened capital and liquidity requirements for banks and bank holding companies, including minimum leverage and risk-based capital requirements no less than the strictest requirements in effect for depository institutions as of the date of enactment; the requirement that bank holding companies serve as a source of financial strength for their depository institution subsidiaries; enhanced regulation of financial markets, including the derivative and securitization markets, and the elimination of certain proprietary trading activities by banks; additional corporate governance and executive compensation requirements; enhanced financial institution safety and soundness regulations, revisions in FDIC insurance assessment fees and a permanent increase in FDIC deposit insurance coverage to $250,000; authorization for financial institutions to pay interest on business checking accounts; and the establishment of new regulatory bodies, such as the CFPB and the Financial Services Oversight Counsel, to identify emerging systemic risks and improve interagency cooperation. In addition, we are required to conduct stress testing based on certain macroeconomic scenarios to reflect the impact on our income, revenues, balance sheets , and capital levels, the results of which could require us to take certain actions, including being required to raise additional capital. Current and future legal and regulatory requirements, restrictions, and regulations, including those imposed under the Dodd-Frank Act, may adversely impact our profitability, make it more difficult to attract and retain key executives and other personnel, may have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, and may require us to invest significant management attention and resources to evaluate and make any changes required by the legislation and related regulations.
We will become subject to more stringent capital requirements.
The U.S. federal bank regulators have jointly adopted new capital requirements on banks and bank holding companies as required by the Dodd-Frank Act that incorporate the elements of Basel Committee’s Basel III accords and have the effect of raising our capital requirements and imposing new capital requirements beyond those required by current law. Increased regulatory capital requirements (and the associated compliance costs) whether due to the adoption of new laws and regulations, changes in existing laws and regulations, or more expansive or aggressive interpretations of existing laws and regulations, may require us to raise additional capital, or impact our ability to pay dividends or pay compensation to our executives, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to extensive laws and regulations and supervision, and may become subject to future laws and regulations and supervision, if any, that may be enacted, that could limit or restrict our activities, may hamper our ability to increase our assets and earnings, and could adversely affect our profitability.
We operate in a highly regulated industry and are or may become subject to regulation by federal, state, and local governmental authorities and various laws, regulations, regulatory guidelines, and judicial and administrative decisions imposing requirements or restrictions on part or all of our operations, capitalization, payment of dividends, mergers and acquisitions, investments, loans and interest rates charged, interest rates paid on deposits, and locations of offices. We also must comply with numerous federal anti-money laundering, tax withholding and reporting, and consumer protection statutes and regulations. A considerable amount of management time and resources have been devoted to the oversight of, and the development and implementation of controls and procedures relating to, compliance with these laws and regulations, and we expect that significant time and resources will be devoted to compliance in the future. These laws and regulations mandate certain disclosure and reporting requirements and regulate the manner in which we must deal with our customers when taking deposits, making loans, collecting loans, and providing other services. We also are, or may become subject to, examination, supervision, and additional comprehensive regulation by various federal, state, and local authorities with regard to compliance with these laws and regulations.
Because our business is highly regulated, the laws, rules, regulations, and supervisory guidance and policies applicable to us are subject to regular modification and change. Perennially, various laws, rules and regulations are proposed, which, if adopted, could impact our operations, increase our capital requirements or substantially restrict our growth and adversely affect our ability to operate profitably by making compliance much more difficult or expensive, restricting our ability to originate or sell loans, or further restricting the amount of interest or other charges or fees earned on loans or other products. In addition, further regulation could increase the assessment rate we are required to pay to the FDIC, adversely affecting our earnings. Furthermore, recent changes to Regulation Z promulgated by the CFPB may make it more difficult for us to underwrite consumer mortgages and to compete with large national mortgage service providers. It is impossible to predict the competitive impact that any such changes would have on the banking and financial services industry in general or on our business in particular. Such changes may, among other things, increase the cost of doing business, limit permissible activities, or affect the competitive balance between banks and other financial institutions. The Dodd-Frank Act instituted major changes to the banking and financial institutions regulatory regimes in light of the recent performance of and government intervention in the financial services sector. Other changes to statutes, regulations, or regulatory policies, including changes in interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations, or policies, could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways. Such changes could, among other things, subject us to additional costs, limit the types of financial services and products we may offer, and/or increase the ability of non-banks to offer competing financial services and products. Failure to comply with laws, regulations, or policies could result in sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties, and/or reputation damage, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. See Part I — Item 1 — “Business — Regulation and Supervision.”
We face a risk of noncompliance and enforcement action with the Bank Secrecy Act and other anti-money laundering statutes and regulations.
The Bank Secrecy Act, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, and other laws and regulations require financial institutions, among other duties, to institute and maintain an effective anti-money laundering program and file suspicious activity and currency transaction reports as appropriate. The federal Financial Crimes Enforcement Network is authorized to impose significant civil money penalties for violations of those requirements and has recently engaged in coordinated enforcement efforts with federal banking regulators, as well as with the U.S. Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, and Internal Revenue Service. We are also subject to increased scrutiny of compliance with the rules enforced by the Office of Foreign Assets Control and compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. In addition, our Hong Kong Branch is subject to the anti-money laundering laws and regulations of Hong Kong. If our policies, procedures and systems are deemed deficient, we would be subject to liability, including fines and regulatory actions, which may include restrictions on our ability to pay dividends and the necessity to obtain regulatory approvals to proceed with certain aspects of our business plan, including our acquisition plans. Failure to maintain and implement adequate programs to combat money laundering and terrorist financing could also have serious reputational consequences for us. Any of these results could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
We may experience goodwill impairment.
Goodwill is initially recorded at fair value and is not amortized, but is reviewed at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be fully recoverable. If our estimates of goodwill fair value change, we may determine that impairment charges are necessary. Estimates of fair value are determined based on a complex model using cash flows and company comparisons. If management’s estimates of future cash flows are inaccurate, the fair value determined could be inaccurate and impairment may not be recognized in a timely manner.
Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund operations and jeopardize our financial condition.
Liquidity is essential to our business. An inability to raise funds through deposits, borrowings, the sale of loans, and other sources could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry in general. Factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a market downturn or adverse regulatory action against us. Our ability to acquire deposits or borrow could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as a severe disruption of the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry as a whole.
Our business is subject to interest rate risk , and fluctuations in interest rates could reduce our net interest income and adversely affect our business.
A substantial portion of our income is derived from the differential, or “spread,” between the interest earned on loans, investment securities , and other interest-earning assets, and the interest paid on deposits, borrowings , and other interest-bearing liabilities. The interest rate risk inherent in our lending, investing, and deposit taking activities is a significant market risk to us and our business. Income associated with interest earning assets and costs associated with interest-bearing liabilities may not be affected uniformly by fluctuations in interest rates. The magnitude and duration of changes in interest rates, events over which we have no control, may have an adverse effect on net interest income. Prepayment and early withdrawal levels, which are also impacted by changes in interest rates, can significantly affect our assets and liabilities. Increases in interest rates may adversely affect the ability of our floating rate borrowers to meet their higher payment obligations, which could in turn lead to an increase in non-performing assets and net charge-offs.
Generally, the interest rates on our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities do not change at the same rate, to the same extent, or on the same basis. Even assets and liabilities with similar maturities or periods of re-pricing may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in general market interest rates, while interest rates on other types of assets and liabilities may lag behind changes in general market rates. Certain assets, such as fixed and adjustable rate mortgage loans, have features that limit changes in interest rates on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset.
We seek to minimize the adverse effects of changes in interest rates by structuring our asset-liability composition to obtain the maximum spread. We use interest rate sensitivity analysis and a simulation model to assist us in estimating the optimal asset-liability composition. However, such management tools have inherent limitations that impair their effectiveness. Moreover, the long-term effects of the Federal Reserve’s unprecedented quantitative easing and tapering of it is unknown. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in minimizing the adverse effects of changes in interest rates.
We have engaged in expansion through acquisitions and may consider additional acquisitions in the future, which could negatively affect our business and earnings.
We have engaged in expansion through acquisitions and may consider acquisitions in the future. There are risks associated with any such expansion. These risks include, among others, incorrectly assessing the asset quality of a bank acquired in a particular transaction, encountering greater than anticipated costs in integrating acquired businesses, facing resistance from customers or employees, and being unable to profitably deploy assets acquired in the transaction. Additional country- and region-specific risks are associated with transactions outside the United States, including in China. To the extent we issue capital stock in connection with additional transactions, if any, these transactions and related stock issuances may have a dilutive effect on earnings per share and share ownership.
Our earnings, financial condition, and prospects after a merger or acquisition depend in part on our ability to successfully integrate the operations of the acquired company. We may be unable to integrate operations successfully or to achieve expected cost savings. Any cost savings which are realized may be offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings.
In addition, our ability to grow may be limited if we cannot make acquisitions. We compete with other financial institutions with respect to proposed acquisitions. We cannot predict if or when we will be able to identify and attract acquisition candidates or make acquisitions on favorable terms.
Inflation and deflation may adversely affect our financial performance.
The Consolidated Financial Statements and related financial data presented in this report have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. These principles require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars, without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation or deflation. The primary impact of inflation on our operations is reflected in increased operating costs. Conversely, deflation will tend to erode collateral values and diminish loan quality. Virtually all of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on our performance than the general levels of inflation or deflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as the price of goods and services.
As we expand our business outside of California markets, we will encounter risks that could adversely affect us.
We primarily operate in California markets with a concentration of Chinese-American individuals and businesses; however, one of our strategies is to expand beyond California into other domestic markets that have concentrations of Chinese-American individuals and businesses. We currently have operations in seven other states (New York, Texas, Washington, Massachusetts, Illinois, New Jersey, and Nevada) and in Hong Kong. In the course of this expansion, we will encounter significant risks and uncertainties that could have a material adverse effect on our operations. These risks and uncertainties include increased expenses and operational difficulties arising from, among other things, our ability to attract sufficient business in new markets, to manage operations in noncontiguous market areas, to comply with all of the various local laws and regulations, and to anticipate events or differences in markets in which we have no current experience.
To the extent that we expand through acquisitions, such acquisitions may also adversely harm our business if we fail to adequately address the financial and operational risks associated with such acquisitions. For example, risks can include difficulties in assimilating the operations, technology, and personnel of the acquired company; diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns; inability to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures, and policies; potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities; the incurring of additional debt and contingent liabilities; use of cash resources; large write-offs; and amortization expenses related to other intangible assets with finite lives.
Our loan portfolio is largely secured by real estate, which has adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect our results of operations.
The downturn in the real estate markets in recent years hurt our business because many of our loans are secured by real estate. The real estate collateral securing our borrowers’ obligations is principally located in California, and to a lesser extent, in New York, Texas, Massachusetts, Washington, Illinois, New Jersey, and Nevada. The value of such collateral depends upon conditions in the relevant real estate markets. These include general or local economic conditions and neighborhood characteristics, unemployment rates, real estate tax rates, the cost of operating the properties, governmental regulations and fiscal policies, acts of nature including earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes (which may result in uninsured losses), and other factors beyond our control. The direction of real estate sales and prices in many markets across the United States is not currently predictable and reductions in the value of our real estate collateral could cause us to have to foreclose on the real estate. If we are not able to realize a satisfactory amount upon foreclosure sales, we may have to own the properties, subjecting us to exposure to the risks and expenses associated with ownership. Continued declines in real estate sales and prices coupled with any weakness in the economy and continued high unemployment will result in higher than expected loan delinquencies or problem assets, a decline in demand for our products and services, or a lack of growth or a decrease in deposits, which may cause us to incur losses, adversely affect our capital, and hurt our business.
The risks inherent in construction lending may continue to affect adversely our results of operations. Such risks include, among other things, the possibility that contractors may fail to complete, or complete on a timely basis, construction of the relevant properties; substantial cost overruns in excess of original estimates and financing; market deterioration during construction; and lack of permanent take-out financing. Loans secured by such properties also involve additional risk because they have no operating history. In these loans, loan funds are advanced upon the security of the project under construction (which is of uncertain value prior to completion of construction) and the estimated operating cash flow to be generated by the completed project. There is no assurance that such properties will be sold or leased so as to generate the cash flow anticipated by the borrower. The current general decline in real estate sales and prices across the United States, the decline in demand for residential real estate, economic weakness, high rates of unemployment, and reduced availability of mortgage credit, are all factors that can adversely affect the borrowers’ ability to repay their obligations to us and the value of our security interest in collateral, and thereby adversely affect our results of operations and financial results.
Our use of appraisals in deciding whether to make a loan on or secured by real property does not ensure the value of the real property collateral.
In considering whether to make a loan secured by real property, we require an appraisal of the property. However, an appraisal is only an estimate of the value of the property at the time the appraisal is made. If the appraisal does not reflect the amount that may be obtained upon any sale or foreclosure of the property, we may not realize an amount equal to the indebtedness secured by the property.
Liabilities from environmental regulations could materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition.
In the course of the Bank’s business, the Bank may foreclose and take title to real estate, and could be subject to environmental liabilities with respect to these properties. The Bank may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage, personal injury, investigation and clean-up costs incurred by these parties in connection with environmental contamination, or may be required to investigate or clear up hazardous or toxic substances, or chemical releases at a property. The costs associated with investigation or remediation activities could be substantial. In addition, as the owner or former owner of any contaminated site, the Bank may be subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages, and costs resulting from environmental contamination emanating from the property. If the Bank ever becomes subject to significant environmental liabilities, its business, financial condition, liquidity, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
We face substantial competition from our competitors.
We face substantial competition for deposits, loans, and for other banking services, as well as acquisitions, throughout our market area from the major banks and financial institutions that dominate the commercial banking industry. This may cause our cost of funds to exceed that of our competitors. These banks and financial institutions, including those with foreign ownership, have greater resources than we do, including the ability to finance advertising campaigns and allocate their investment assets to regions of higher yield and demand and make acquisitions. By virtue of their larger capital bases, they have substantially greater lending limits than we do and perform certain functions, including trust services, which are not presently offered by us. We also compete for loans and deposits, as well as other banking services, such as payment services, with savings and loan associations, savings banks, brokerage houses, insurance companies, mortgage companies, credit unions, credit card companies and other financial and non-financial institutions and entities. The consolidation among insured institutions in the financial services industry has increased the level of competition among financial services companies and may adversely affect our ability to market our products and services.
We are dependent on key personnel and the loss of one or more of those key personnel may materially and adversely affect our prospects.
Competition for qualified employees and personnel in the banking industry is intense and there are a limited number of qualified persons with knowledge of, and experience in, the communities that we serve. The process of recruiting personnel with the combination of skills and attributes required to carry out our strategies is often lengthy. Our success depends to a significant degree upon our ability to attract and retain qualified management, loan origination, finance, administrative, marketing, and technical personnel and upon the continued contributions of our management and personnel. In particular, our success has been and continues to be highly dependent upon the abilities of key executives and certain other employees, including, but not limited to, our Chief Executive Officer, Dunson K. Cheng, our Chief Financial Officer, Heng W. Chen, and our Chief Operating Officer, Peter Wu.
Managing reputational risk is important to attracting and maintaining customers, investors, and employees.
Threats to our reputation can come from many sources, including adverse sentiment about financial institutions generally, unethical practices, employee misconduct, failure to deliver minimum standards of service or quality, compliance deficiencies, and questionable, illegal, or fraudulent activities of our customers. We have policies and procedures in place that seek to protect our reputation and promote ethical conduct, but these policies and procedures may not be fully effective. Negative publicity regarding our business, employees, or customers, with or without merit, may result in the loss of customers, investors, and employees, costly litigation, a decline in revenues , and increased governmental regulation.
Natural disasters and geopolitical events beyond our control could adversely affect us.
Natural disasters such as earthquakes, wildfires, extreme weather conditions, hurricanes, floods, and other acts of nature and geopolitical events involving civil unrest, changes in government regimes, terrorism, or military conflict could adversely affect our business operations and those of our customers and cause substantial damage and loss to real and personal property. These natural disasters and geopolitical events could impair our borrowers’ ability to service their loans, decrease the level and duration of deposits by customers, erode the value of loan collateral, and result in an increase in the amount of our non-performing loans and a higher level of non-performing assets (including real estate owned), net charge-offs, and provision for loan losses, which could adversely affect our earnings.
Adverse conditions in Asia and elsewhere could adversely affect our business.
A substantial number of our customers have economic and cultural ties to Asia and, as a result, we are likely to feel the effects of adverse economic and political conditions in Asia, including the effects of rising inflation or slowing growth in China and other regions. Additionally, we maintain a branch in Hong Kong. U.S. and global economic policies, military tensions, and unfavorable global economic conditions may adversely impact the Asian economies. In addition, pandemics and other public health crises or concerns over the possibility of such crises could create economic and financial disruptions in the region. A significant deterioration of economic conditions in Asia could expose us to, among other things, economic and transfer risk, and we could experience an outflow of deposits by those of our customers with connections to Asia. Transfer risk may result when an entity is unable to obtain the foreign exchange needed to meet its obligations or to provide liquidity. This may adversely impact the recoverability of investments with or loans made to such entities. Adverse economic conditions in Asia, and in China or Taiwan in particular, may also negatively impact asset values and the profitability and liquidity of our customers who operate in this region.
Our information systems may experience failures, interruptions, or breaches in security, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We rely heavily on communications and information systems to conduct our business. Any failure, interruption, or breach in security of these systems could result in failures or disruptions in our customer relationship management, general ledger, deposit, loan, and other systems. In the course of providing financial services, we store personally identifiable data concerning customers or employees of customers. While we have policies and procedures designed to prevent or limit the effect of the failure, interruption, or security breaches of our information systems, there can be no assurance that any such failures, interruptions, or security breaches will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed. Privacy laws and regulations are matters of growing public concern and are continually changing in the states in which we operate.
In recent periods, there has been a rise in electronic fraudulent activity, security breaches, and cyber attacks within the financial services industry, especially in the banking sector. Some financial institutions have reported breaches of their security of their websites and systems, some of which have involved sophisticated and targeted attacks intended to obtain unauthorized access to confidential information, destroy data, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems. The secure maintenance and transmission of confidential information, as well as execution of transactions over our systems, are essential to protect us and our customers against fraud and security breaches and to maintain our customers’ confidence. Increases in criminal activity levels and sophistication, advances in computer capabilities, or other developments could result in a compromise or breach of the technology, processes, and controls that we use to prevent fraudulent transactions or to protect data about us, our customers, and underlying transactions, as well as of the technology used by our customers to access our systems. These risks may increase in the future as we continue to increase our offerings of mobile services and other Internet or web-based products.
The occurrence of any failures, interruptions, or security breaches could damage our reputation, result in a loss of customers, cause us to incur additional expenses, disrupt our business, affect our ability to grow our online and mobile banking services, subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and possible financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our need to continue to adapt our information technology systems to allow us to provide new and expanded service could present operational issues, require significant capital spending, and disrupt our business.
As we continue to offer Internet banking and other on-line and mobile services to our customers, and continue to expand our existing conventional banking services, we will need to adapt our information technology systems to handle these changes in a way that meets constantly changing industry and regulatory standards. This can be very expensive and may require significant capital expenditures. In addition, our success will depend on, among other things, our ability to provide secure and reliable services, anticipate changes in technology, and efficiently develop and introduce services that are accepted by our customers and cost effective for us to provide.
We may incur significant losses as a result of ineffective risk management processes and strategies.
We seek to monitor and control our risk exposure through a risk and control framework encompassing a variety of separate but complementary financial, credit, operational, compliance systems, and internal control and management review processes. However, those systems and review processes and the judgments that accompany their application may not be effective and, as a result, we may not anticipate every economic and financial outcome in all market environments or the specifics and timing of such outcomes, particularly in the event of the kinds of dislocations in market conditions experienced over the past several years, which highlight the limitations inherent in using historical data to manage risk. If those systems and review processes prove to be ineffective in identifying and managing risks, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our business and financial results could be impacted materially by adverse results in legal proceedings.
Various aspects of our operations involve the risk of legal liability. We have been, and expect to continue to be, named or threatened to be named as defendants in legal proceedings arising from our business activities. We establish accruals for legal proceedings when information related to the loss contingencies represented by those proceedings indicates both that a loss is probable and that the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, but we do not have accruals for all legal proceedings where we face a risk of loss. In addition, amounts accrued may not represent the ultimate loss to us from those legal proceedings. Thus, our ultimate losses may be higher or lower, and possibly significantly so, than the amounts accrued for loss contingencies arising from legal proceedings.
Certain provisions of our charter and bylaws could make the acquisition of our company more difficult.
Certain provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, and our restated bylaws, as amended, could make the acquisition of our company more difficult. These provisions include authorized but unissued shares of preferred and common stock that may be issued without stockholder approval; three classes of directors serving staggered terms; special requirements for stockholder proposals and nominations for director; and super-majority voting requirements in certain situations including certain types of business combinations.
Our financial results could be adversely affected by changes in accounting standards or tax laws and regulations.
From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the SEC will change the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. In addition, from time to time, federal and state taxing authorities will change the tax laws and regulations, and their interpretations. These changes and their effects can be difficult to predict and can materially and adversely impact how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations.
The price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly, and this may make it difficult for you to sell shares of common stock owned by you at times or at prices you find attractive.
The trading price of our common stock may fluctuate widely as a result of a number of factors, many of which are outside our control. In addition, the stock market is subject to fluctuations in the share prices and trading volumes that affect the market prices of the shares of many companies. These broad market fluctuations could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Among the factors that could affect our stock price are:
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actual or anticipated quarterly fluctuations in our operating results and financial condition; |
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changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of research reports and recommendations by financial analysts; |
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failure to meet analysts’ revenue or earnings estimates; |
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speculation in the press or investment community; |
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strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings; |
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acquisitions of other banks or financial institutions, through FDIC-assisted transactions or otherwise; |
● |
actions by institutional stockholders; |
● |
fluctuations in the stock price and operating results of our competitors; |
● |
general market conditions and, in particular, developments related to market conditions for the financial services industry; |
● |
proposed or adopted regulatory changes or developments; |
● |
anticipated or pending investigations, proceedings, or litigation that involve or affect us; |
● |
successful management of reputational risk; and |
● |
domestic and international economic factors unrelated to our performance. |
The stock market and, in particular, the market for financial institution stocks, has experienced significant volatility. As a result, the market price of our common stock may be volatile. In addition, the trading volume in our common stock may fluctuate more than usual and cause significant price variations to occur. The trading price of the shares of our common stock and the value of our other securities will depend on many factors, which may change from time to time, including, without limitation, our financial condition, performance, creditworthiness and prospects, future sales of our equity or equity related securities, and other factors identified above in “Forward-Looking Statements,” and in this Item 1A — “Risk Factors.” The capital and credit markets can experience volatility and disruption. Such volatility and disruption can reach unprecedented levels, resulting in downward pressure on stock prices and credit availability for certain issuers without regard to their underlying financial strength. A significant decline in our stock price could result in substantial losses for individual stockholders and could lead to costly and disruptive securities litigation.
Statutory restrictions and restrictions by our regulators on dividends and other distributions from the Bank may adversely impact us by limiting the amount of distributions the Bancorp may receive. Statutory and contractual restrictions and our regulators may also restrict the Bancorp’s ability to pay dividends.
The ability of the Bank to pay dividends to us is limited by various regulations and statutes, including California law, and our ability to pay dividends on our outstanding stock is limited by various regulations and statutes, including Delaware law.
A substantial portion of Bancorp’s cash flow has in earlier years come from dividends that the Bank pays to us. Various statutory provisions restrict the amount of dividends that the Bank can pay to us without regulatory approval.
The Federal Reserve Board has previously issued Federal Reserve Supervision and Regulation Letter SR-09-4 that states that bank holding companies are expected to inform and consult with the Federal Reserve supervisory staff prior to taking any actions that could result in a diminished capital base, including any payment or increase in the rate of dividends. In addition, if we are not current in our payment of dividends on our Junior Subordinated Notes, we may not pay dividends on our common stock. Further, new capital conservation buffer requirements will limit the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to the Bancorp if we are not compliant with those capital cushions.
If the Bank were to liquidate, the Bank’s creditors would be entitled to receive distributions from the assets of the Bank to satisfy their claims against the Bank before Bancorp, as a holder of the equity interest in the Bank, would be entitled to receive any of the assets of the Bank as a distribution or dividend.
The restrictions described above, together with the potentially dilutive impact of the Warrant, described below, could have a negative effect on the value of our common stock. Moreover, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends only when, as and if declared by our Board of Directors. Although we have historically paid cash dividends on our common stock, we are not required to do so and our Board of Directors could reduce or eliminate our common stock dividend in the future.
The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect holders of common stock, which may negatively impact their investment.
Our Board of Directors is authorized to issue preferred stock without any action on the part of the stockholders. The board of directors also has the power, without stockholder approval, to set the terms of any such classes or series of preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights and preferences over the common stock with respect to dividends or upon the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of our business and other terms. If we issue preferred stock in the future that has a preference over the common stock with respect to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or if we issue preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of the common stock, the rights of holders of the common stock or the market price of the common stock could be adversely affected.
Our outstanding debt securities restrict our ability to pay dividends on our capital stock.
We have issued an aggregate of $121.1 million in trust preferred securities (collectively, the “Trust Preferred Securities).” Payments to investors in respect of the Trust Preferred Securities are funded by distributions on certain series of securities issued by us, with similar terms to the relevant series of Trust Preferred Securities, which we refer to as the “Junior Subordinated Notes.” If we are unable to pay interest in respect of the Junior Subordinated Notes (which will be used to make distributions on the Trust Preferred Securities), or if any other event of default occurs, then we will generally be prohibited from declaring or paying any dividends or other distributions, or redeeming, purchasing or acquiring, any of our capital securities, including the common stock, during the next succeeding interest payment period applicable to any of the Junior Subordinated Notes.
Moreover, any other financing agreements that we enter into in the future may limit our ability to pay cash dividends on our capital stock, including the common stock. In the event that any other financing agreements in the future restrict our ability to pay such dividends, we may be unable to pay dividends in cash on the common stock unless we can refinance amounts outstanding under those agreements.
We may need to raise additional capital which may dilute the interests of holders of our common stock or otherwise have an adverse effect on their investment.
Should economic conditions deteriorate, particularly in the California commercial real estate and residential real estate markets where our business is concentrated, we may need to raise more capital to support any additional provisions for loan losses and loan charge-offs. In addition, we may need to raise more capital to meet other regulatory requirements, including new required capital standards, if our losses are higher than expected, if we are unable to meet our capital requirements , or if additional capital is required for our growth. There can be no assurance that we would succeed in raising any such additional capital, and any capital we obtain may dilute the interests of holders of our common stock, or otherwise have an adverse effect on their investment.
The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect us.
Financial institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty or other relationships. We have exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and we routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial industry, including brokers and dealers, commercial banks, investment banks, and other institutions. Many of these transactions expose us to credit risk in the event of default of our counterparty. In addition, our credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held by us cannot be realized upon or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the financial instrument exposure due us. The failure of financial institutions can also result in increased FDIC assessments for the Deposit Insurance Fund. Any such losses or increased assessments could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
The Company has not received written comments regarding its periodic or current reports from the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission that were issued not less than 180 days before the end of its 2013 fiscal year and that remain unresolved.
Item 2. Properties.
Cathay General Bancorp
The Bancorp currently neither owns nor leases any real or personal property. The Bancorp uses the premises, equipment, and furniture of the Bank at 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012 and at 9650 Flair Drive, El Monte, California 91731 in exchange for payment of a management fee to the Bank.
Cathay Bank
The Bank’s head office is located in a 36,727 square foot building in the Chinatown area of Los Angeles. The Bank owns both the building and the land upon which the building is situated. The Bank maintains certain of its administrative offices at a seven-story 102,548 square foot office building located at 9650 Flair Drive, El Monte, California 91731 . The Bank also owns this building and land in El Monte.
The Bank owns its branch offices in Monterey Park, Alhambra, Westminster, San Gabriel, City of Industry, Cupertino, Artesia, New York City, Flushing (2 locations), and Chicago. In addition, the Bank has certain operating and administrative departments located at 4128 Temple City Boulevard, Rosemead, California, where it owns the building and land with approximately 27,600 square feet of space.
The other branch and representative offices and other properties are leased by the Bank under leases with expiration dates ranging from March 2014 to March 2023, exclusive of renewal options. As of December 31, 2013, the Bank’s investment in premises and equipment totaled $102.0 million, net of accumulated depreciation. See Note 8 and Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
The Company and its subsidiaries and their property are not currently a party or subject to any material pending legal proceeding.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not Applicable.
Executive Officers of the Registrant.
The table below sets forth the names, ages, and positions at the Bancorp and the Bank of all executive officers of the Company as of February 15, 2014.
Name |
Age |
Present Position and Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Dunson K. Cheng |
69 |
Chairman of the Board of Directors of Bancorp and the Bank since 1994; Director , President, and Chief Executive Officer of Bancorp since 1990; President of the Bank since 1985; Director of the Bank since 1982. |
Peter Wu |
65 |
Director, Executive Vice Chairman, and Chief Operating Officer of Bancorp and the Bank since October 20, 2003. |
Anthony M. Tang |
60 |
Executive Vice Chairman of Bancorp and the Bank since October 2013; Director of Bancorp since 1990; Director of the Bank since 1986; Executive Vice President of Bancorp from 1994 to September 2013; Chief Lending Officer of the Bank from 1985 to September 2013; Senior Executive Vice President of the Bank from 1998 to September 2013. |
Heng W. Chen |
61 |
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer , and Treasurer of Bancorp since June 2003; Executive Vice President of the Bank since June 2003; Chief Financial Officer of the Bank since January 2004. |
Irwin Wong |
65 |
Senior Executive Vice President, and Chief Retail Administration and Regulatory Affairs Officer of the Bank since January 2014; Executive Vice President and Chief Risk Officer of the Bank from 2011 to December 2013; Executive Vice President-Branch Administration of the Bank from 1999 to 2011. |
Pin Tai | 59 | Chief Lending Officer of the Bank since October 2013; Executive Vice President of the Bank since 2006; Deputy Chief Lending Officer and General Manager of Eastern Regions of the Bank from 2010 to September 2013; General Manager of Eastern Regions of the Bank from 2006 to 2009. |
Kim R. Bingham |
57 |
Chief Risk Officer of the Bank since January 2014; Executive Vice President of the Bank since 2004; Chief Credit Officer of the Bank from 2004 to December 2013 . |
Donald S. Chow |
63 |
Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer of the Bank since January 2014; Consultant of the Office of the President from August to December 2013 . |
Perry P. Oei | 51 | Executive Vice President of Bancorp and the Bank since January 2014; General Counsel of Bancorp and the Bank since 2001; Secretary of Bancorp and the Bank since 2010; Senior Vice President of Bancorp and the Bank from 2004 to December 2013 . |
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Market Information
Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “CATY.” The closing price of our common stock on February 14, 2014 , was $24.27 per share, as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market.
The following table sets forth the high and low closing prices as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market for the periods presented:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||||||||||
High |
Low |
High |
Low |
|||||||||||||
First quarter |
$ | 20.66 | $ | 19.06 | $ | 18.19 | $ | 14.93 | ||||||||
Second quarter |
20.99 | 18.37 | 18.16 | 15.18 | ||||||||||||
Third quarter |
24.68 | 21.05 | 18.14 | 15.71 | ||||||||||||
Fourth quarter |
27.63 | 22.95 | 19.82 | 16.61 |
Holders
As of February 14, 2014, there were approximately 1,582 holders of record of our common stock.
Dividends
The cash dividends per share declared by quarter were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
First quarter |
$ | 0.01 | $ | 0.01 | ||||
Second quarter |
0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||
Third quarter |
0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||
Fourth quarter |
0.05 | 0.01 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 0.08 | $ | 0.04 |
For information concerning restrictions on the payment of dividends, see Part II — Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Capital Resources — Dividend Policy,” and Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Performance Graph
The graph and accompanying information furnished below shows the cumulative total stockholder return over the past five years assuming the investment of $100 on December 31, 2008 (and the reinvestment of dividends thereafter) in each of our common stock, the S&P 500 Index and the SNL Western Bank Index. The SNL Western Bank Index is a market-weighted index comprised of publicly traded banks and bank holding companies (including the Company) most of which are based in California and the remainder of which are based in eight other western states, including Oregon, Washington, and Nevada. We will furnish, without charge, on the written request of any person who is a stockholder of record as of the record date for the 2014 annual meeting of stockholders, a list of the companies included in the SNL Western Bank Index. Requests for this information should be addressed to Perry Oei, Secretary, Cathay General Bancorp, 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012.
NOTE: The comparisons in the graph below are based upon historical data and are not indicative of, nor intended to forecast, the future performance of, or returns on, our common stock. Such information furnished herewith shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act with the Securities and Exchange Commission except to the extent that the Company specifically requests that such information be treated as soliciting material or specifically incorporates it by reference into a filing under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act.
Period Ending |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Index |
12/31/08 |
12/31/09 |
12/31/10 |
12/31/11 |
12/31/12 |
12/31/13 |
||||||||||||||||||
Cathay General Bancorp |
100.00 | 32.27 | 71.65 | 64.23 | 84.22 | 115.64 | ||||||||||||||||||
SNL Western Bank |
100.00 | 91.83 | 104.05 | 94.00 | 118.63 | 166.91 | ||||||||||||||||||
S&P 500 |
100.00 | 126.46 | 145.51 | 148.59 | 172.37 | 228.19 |
Source: SNL Financial LC, Charlottesville, VA © 2013
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
There were no sales of any equity securities by the Company during the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K that were not registered under the Securities Act.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
As of December 31, 2013, Bancorp may repurchase up to 622,500 shares of common stock under the November 2007 stock repurchase program, subject to regulatory limitations. No shares were repurchased from 2008 through 2013.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The following table presents our selected historical consolidated financial data, and is derived in part from our audited Consolidated Financial Statements. The selected historical consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto included elsewhere herein and with Part II — Item 7— “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Selected Consolidated Financial Data
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement |
||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
$ | 406,996 | $ | 429,744 | $ | 453,571 | $ | 489,594 | $ | 528,731 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
82,300 | 108,491 | 139,881 | 191,688 | 246,039 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest income before provision for credit losses |
324,696 | 321,253 | 313,690 | 297,906 | 282,692 | |||||||||||||||
(Reversal)/Provision for credit losses |
(3,000 | ) | (9,000 | ) | 27,000 | 156,900 | 307,000 | |||||||||||||
Net interest income/(loss) after provision for credit losses |
327,696 | 330,253 | 286,690 | 141,006 | (24,308 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Securities gains |
27,362 | 18,026 | 21,131 | 18,695 | 55,644 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-interest income |
32,945 | 28,481 | 29,761 | 13,556 | 23,010 | |||||||||||||||
Non-interest expense |
193,833 | 192,589 | 185,566 | 175,711 | 183,037 | |||||||||||||||
Income/(loss) before income tax expense |
194,170 | 184,171 | 152,016 | (2,454 | ) | (128,691 | ) | |||||||||||||
Income tax expense/(benefit) |
70,435 | 66,128 | 51,261 | (14,629 | ) | (61,912 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net income/(loss) |
123,735 | 118,043 | 100,755 | 12,175 | (66,779 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
592 | 605 | 605 | 610 | 611 | |||||||||||||||
Net income/(loss) attributable to Cathay General Bancorp |
123,143 | 117,438 | 100,150 | 11,565 | (67,390 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
(9,685 | ) | (16,488 | ) | (16,437 | ) | (16,388 | ) | (16,338 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income/(loss) attributable to common stockholders |
$ | 113,458 | $ | 100,950 | $ | 83,713 | $ | (4,823 | ) | $ | (83,728 | ) | ||||||||
Net income/(loss) attributable to common stockholders per common share | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 1.44 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.06 | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | (1.59 | ) | ||||||||
Diluted |
$ | 1.43 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.06 | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | (1.59 | ) | ||||||||
Cash dividends paid per common share |
$ | 0.080 | $ | 0.040 | $ | 0.040 | $ | 0.040 | $ | 0.205 | ||||||||||
Weighted-average common shares |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
78,954,898 | 78,719,133 | 78,633,317 | 77,073,954 | 52,629,159 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted |
79,137,983 | 78,723,297 | 78,640,652 | 77,073,954 | 52,629,159 | |||||||||||||||
Statement of Condition |
||||||||||||||||||||
Investment securities |
$ | 1,586,668 | $ | 2,065,248 | $ | 2,447,982 | $ | 2,843,669 | $ | 3,550,114 | ||||||||||
Net loans (1) |
7,897,187 | 7,235,587 | 6,844,483 | 6,615,769 | 6,678,914 | |||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale |
- | - | 760 | 2,873 | 54,826 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets |
10,989,286 | 10,694,089 | 10,644,864 | 10,801,986 | 11,588,232 | |||||||||||||||
Deposits |
7,981,305 | 7,383,225 | 7,229,131 | 6,991,846 | 7,505,040 | |||||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
800,000 | 1,250,000 | 1,400,000 | 1,561,000 | 1,557,000 | |||||||||||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank |
521,200 | 146,200 | 225,000 | 550,000 | 929,362 | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
121,136 | 171,136 | 171,136 | 171,136 | 171,136 | |||||||||||||||
Total equity |
1,458,971 | 1,629,504 | 1,515,633 | 1,436,105 | 1,312,744 | |||||||||||||||
Common Stock Data |
||||||||||||||||||||
Shares of common stock outstanding |
79,589,869 | 78,778,288 | 78,652,557 | 78,531,783 | 63,459,590 | |||||||||||||||
Book value per common share |
$ | 18.24 | $ | 17.12 | $ | 15.75 | $ | 14.80 | $ | 16.49 | ||||||||||
Profitability Ratios |
||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average assets |
1.17 | % | 1.11 | % | 0.94 | % | 0.10 | % | (0.58 | %) | ||||||||||
Return on average stockholders' equity |
8.00 | 7.48 | 6.78 | 0.81 | (5.20 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Dividend payout ratio |
5.15 | 2.68 | 3.14 | 27.16 |
n/m |
|||||||||||||||
Average equity to average assets ratio |
14.73 | 14.87 | 13.98 | 12.45 | 11.29 | |||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio |
50.35 | 52.37 | 50.90 | 53.22 | 50.65 |
* n/m, not meaningful
(1) |
Net loans represent gross loans net of loan participations sold, allowance for loan losses , and unamortized deferred loan fees. |
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
General
The following discussion is intended to provide information to facilitate the understanding and assessment of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Bancorp and its subsidiaries. It should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Bank offers a wide range of financial services. It currently operates 21 branches in Southern California, 11 branches in Northern California, eight branches in New York State, one branch in Massachusetts, two branches in Texas, three branches in Washington State, three branches in Illinois, one branch in New Jersey, one branch in Nevada, one branch in Hong Kong and two representative offices (one in Shanghai, China, and one in Taipei, Taiwan). The Bank is a commercial bank, servicing primarily individuals, professionals, and small to medium-sized businesses in the local markets in which its branches are located.
The financial information presented herein includes the accounts of the Bancorp, its subsidiaries, including the Bank, and the Bank’s consolidated subsidiaries. All material transactions between these entities are eliminated.
Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our Consolidated Financial Statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Certain accounting policies involve significant judgments and assumptions by management which have a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities; management considers such accounting policies to be critical accounting policies. The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Management believes the following are critical accounting policies that require the most significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements:
Allowance for Credit Losses
The determination of the amount of the provision for credit losses charged to operations reflects management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration changes in lending policies and procedures, changes in economic and business conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans, changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management, changes in the volume and severity of past due, non-accrual, and adversely classified or graded loans, changes in the quality of the loan review system, changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and the effect of competition, legal and regulatory requirements, and other external factors. The nature of the process by which we determine the appropriate allowance for loan losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by charge-offs when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. A weakening of the economy or other factors that adversely affect asset quality could result in an increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies, or defaults, and a higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for loan losses in future periods.
The total allowance for credit losses consists of two components: specific allowances and general allowances. To determine the adequacy of the allowance in each of these two components, we employ two primary methodologies, the individual loan review analysis methodology and the classification migration methodology. These methodologies support the basis for determining allocations between the various loan categories and the overall adequacy of our allowance to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. These methodologies are further supported by additional analysis of relevant factors such as the historical losses in the portfolio, and environmental factors which include trends in delinquency and non-accrual , and other significant factors, such as the national and local economy, the volume and composition of the portfolio, strength of management and loan staff, underwriting standards, and the concentration of credit.
The Bank’s management allocates a specific allowance for “Impaired Credits,” in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Section 310-10-35. For non-Impaired Credits, a general allowance is established for those loans internally classified and risk graded Pass, Minimally Acceptable, Special Mention, or Substandard based on historical losses in the specific loan portfolio and a reserve based on environmental factors determined for that loan group. The level of the general allowance is established to provide coverage for management’s estimate of the credit risk in the loan portfolio by various loan segments not covered by the specific allowance. The allowance for credit losses is discussed in more detail in “Risk Elements of the Loan Portfolio– Allowance for Credit Losses” below.
Investment Securities
The classification and accounting for investment securities are discussed in detail in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Under ASC Topic 320, formerly SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities , investment securities must be classified as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale , or trading. The appropriate classification is based partially on our ability to hold the securities to maturity and largely on management's intentions with respect to either holding or selling the securities. The classification of investment securities is significant since it directly impacts the accounting for unrealized gains and losses on securities. Unrealized gains and losses on trading securities flow directly through earnings during the periods in which they arise, whereas available-for-sale securities are recorded as a separate component of stockholders' equity (accumulated other comprehensive income or loss) and do not affect earnings until realized. The fair values of our investment securities are generally determined by reference to quoted market prices and reliable independent sources. We are obligated to assess, at each reporting date, whether there is an "other-than-temporary" impairment to our investment securities. ASC Topic 320 requires us to assess whether we have the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. Other-than-temporary impairment related to credit losses will be recognized in earnings. Other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors will be recognized in other comprehensive income.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is based on income reported for financial statement purposes, and differs from the amount of taxes currently payable, since certain income and expense items are reported for financial statement purposes in different periods than those for tax reporting purposes. Taxes are discussed in more detail in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Accrued taxes represent the net estimated amount due or to be received from taxing authorities. In estimating accrued taxes, we assess the relative merits and risks of the appropriate tax treatment of transactions taking into account statutory, judicial , and regulatory guidance in the context of our tax position.
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, the objective of which is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Goodwill and Goodwill Impairment
Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of assets of businesses acquired. ASC Topic 805, formerly SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (Revised 2007), requires an entity to recognize the assets, liabilities, and any non-controlling interest at fair value as of the acquisition date. Contingent consideration is required to be recognized and measured at fair value on the date of acquisition rather than at a later date when the amount of that consideration may be determinable beyond a reasonable doubt. ASC Topic 805 also requires an entity to expense acquisition-related costs as incurred rather than allocating such costs to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Contingent considerations are to be recognized at fair value on the acquisition date in a business combination and would be subject to the probable and estimable recognition criteria of ASC Topic 450, “ Accounting for Contingencies .” Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 350, formerly SFAS No. 142. ASC Topic 350 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, formerly SFAS No. 144, “ Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.”
Our policy is to assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis or between annual assessments if a triggering event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Accounting standards require management to estimate the fair value of each reporting unit in making the assessment of impairment at least annually.
The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in ASC Topic 350. The two-step impairment testing process conducted by us, if needed, begins by assigning net assets and goodwill to our reporting units. We then complete “step one” of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements below) with the recorded book value (or “carrying amount”) of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and “step two” of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment. Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the “implied fair value” of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill. This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.
Valuation of Other Real Estate Owned (OREO)
Real estate acquired in the settlement of loans is initially recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Specific valuation allowances on other real estate owned are recorded through charges to operations to recognize declines in fair value subsequent to foreclosure. Gains on sales are recognized when certain criteria relating to the buyer’s initial and continuing investment in the property are met.
Results of Operations
Overview
For the year ended December 31, 2013, we reported net income attributable to common stockholders of $113.5 million, or $1.43 per diluted share, compared to net income attributable to common stockholders of $101.0 million, or $1.28 per share, in 2012, and net income attributable to common stockholders of $83.7 million, or $1.06 per share , in 2011. The $12.5 million increase in net income from 2012 to 2013 was primarily the result of decreases in OREO expenses of $15.4 million , increases in gains on sale of securities of $9.4 million, decreases in dividends on preferred stock of $6.8 million, decreases in litigation expenses of $5.8 million, and increases in commissions from wealth management of $2.3 million, offset by increases in prepayment penalties on the prepayment of securities sold under an agreement to repurchase of $10.5 million , increases in salaries and incentive compensation expense of $9.9 million, decreases in the reversal for credit losses of $6.0 million, and increases in tax expense of $4.3 million . The return on average assets in 2013 was 1.17%, improving from 1.11% in 2012, and from 0.94% in 2011. The return on average stockholders’ equity was 8.00% in 2013, improving from 7.48% in 2012, and from 6.78% in 2011.
Highlights
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Diluted earnings per share increased 11.7% to $1.43 per share for the year ended 2013 compared to $1.28 per share for the year ended 2012. |
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Strong growth in loans – Total loans increased $655.4 million, or 8.8%, during 2013, to $8.1 billion at December 31, 2013, compared to $7.4 billion at December 31, 2012. |
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Redemption in 2013 of all $258 million of the Company’s preferred stock issued under the U.S. Treasury’s TARP Capital Purchase Program. |
Net income available to common stockholders and key financial performance ratios are presented below for the three years indicated:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 123,143 | $ | 117,438 | $ | 100,150 | ||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
(9,685 | ) | (16,488 | ) | (16,437 | ) | ||||||
Net income available to common stockholders |
$ | 113,458 | $ | 100,950 | $ | 83,713 | ||||||
Basic earnings per common share |
$ | 1.44 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.06 | ||||||
Diluted earnings per common share |
$ | 1.43 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.06 | ||||||
Return on average assets |
1.17 | % | 1.11 | % | 0.94 | % | ||||||
Return on average stockholders' equity |
8.00 | % | 7.48 | % | 6.78 | % | ||||||
Total average assets |
$ | 10,506,842 | $ | 10,617,004 | $ | 10,629,217 | ||||||
Total average equity |
$ | 1,548,179 | $ | 1,579,195 | $ | 1,485,545 | ||||||
Efficiency ratio |
50.35 | % | 52.37 | % | 50.90 | % | ||||||
Effective income tax rate |
36.39 | % | 36.02 | % | 33.86 | % |
Net Interest Income
Net interest income increased $3.4 million, or 1.1%, from $321.3 million in 2012 to $324.7 million in 2013. Taxable-equivalent net interest income , using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%, totaled $325.2 million in 2013, compared with $323.5 million in 2012, an increase of $1.7 million, or 0.5%. Interest income on tax-exempt securities was $1.0 million, or $1.5 million on a tax-equivalent basis , in 2013 compared to $4.2 million, or $6.4 million on a tax-equivalent basis , in 2012. The increase in net interest income was due primarily to the decrease in interest expense from securities sold under agreements to repurchase and interest expense from time deposits offset by the decrease in interest income from investment securities.
Average loans for 2013 were $7.63 billion, a $535.5 million, or a 7.6%, increase from $7.10 billion in 2012. Compared with 2012, average commercial loans increased $201.8 million, or 10.4%, average residential mortgage loans increased $187.8 million, or 15.2%, and average commercial mortgage loans increased $167.2 million, or 4.52%. Offsetting the above increases was a decrease of $21.3 million, or 10.7%, in average real estate construction loans. Average investment securities were $1.93 billion in 2013, a decrease of $415.8 million , or 17.7% , from 2012, due primarily to decreases of U.S. agency securities of $252.7 million, corporate bonds of $166.3 million, municipal bonds of $100.7 million, trading securities of $47.4 million, and mortgage-backed securities of $32.5 million, offset by increases of U.S. Treasury notes of $214.4 million.
Average interest bearing deposits were $6.33 billion in 2013, an increase of $107.3 million, or 1.7%, from $6.23 billion in 2012, primarily due to increases of $311.7 million in interest-bearing demand deposits, money market deposits, and saving deposits offset primarily by decreases of $204.4 million in time deposits. Average securities sold under agreements to repurchase decreased $389.1 million, or 28.6%, to $972.3 million in 2013 from $1.36 billion in 2012, primarily due to prepayments of securities sold under agreements to repurchase in 2013. Average other borrowings increased $35.0 million, or 92.7%, to $72.7 million in 2013 from $37.7 million in 2012, primarily due to increases in FHLB advances.
Taxable-equivalent interest income decreased $24.5 million , or 5.7% , to $407.5 million in 2013, primarily due to decline in volume on investment securities and decreases in loan yields and by a change in the mix of interest-earning assets as discussed below:
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Changes in volume: Average interest-earning assets decreased $92.3 million, or 0.9%, to $9.78 billion in 2013, compared with the average interest-earning assets of $9.87 billion in 2012. The decreases in average investment securities of $415.8 million and decreases in average interest bearing deposits of $182.5 million, offset by an increase in average loans balance of $535.5 million in 2013, caused the decreases in interest income. The increase in loan volume contributed to a $26.2 million increases in interest income, offset by the decrease in investment securities volume which caused a $13.5 million decrease in interest income. |
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Decrease in rate: The average yield of interest bearing assets decreased 21 basis points to 4.17% in 2013 from 4.38% in 2012. The rate on taxable investment securities decreased 53 basis points to 2.28% in 2013 from 2.81% in 2012. The decrease in taxable investment securities yields caused a $10.9 million decline in interest income . The rate on loans decreased 36 basis points to 4.72% in 2013 from 5.08% in 2012. The decrease in loan yield caused a $26.9 million decline in interest income . |
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Change in the mix of interest-earning assets: Average gross loans, which generally have a higher yield than other types of investments, comprised 78.1% of total average interest-earning assets in 2013, an increase from 71.9% in 2012 . Average securities comprised 19.8% of total average interest-bearing assets in 2013, a decrease from 23.8% in 2012. |
Interest expense decreased by $26.2 million to $82.3 million in 2013, compared with $108.5 million in 2012, primarily due to decreased cost from time deposits and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. The overall decrease in interest expense was primarily due to a net decrease in rate and a net decrease in volume as discussed below:
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Decrease in volume: Average interest-bearing liabilities decreased $248.5 million in 2013, due primarily to the decrease in time deposits and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. The decrease in volume caused interest expense to decline by $15.8 million. |
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Decrease in rate: The average cost of interest bearing liabilities decreased 30 basis points from 1.39% in 2012 to 1.09% in 2013 due primarily to a decrease of 16 basis points in the average cost of time deposits to 0.80% in 2013 from 0.96% in 2012 and a decrease of 21 basis points in average cost of securities sold under agreements to repurchase to 3.88% in 2013 from 4.09% in 2012. The decline in rate caused interest expense to decline by $10.4 million. |
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Change in the mix of interest-bearing liabilities: Average interest bearing deposits of $6.33 billion increased to 83.9% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2013 compared to 79.9% in 2012. Offsetting the increases, average securities sold under agreements to repurchase decreased to 12.9% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2013 compared to 17.5% in 2012. |
Our taxable-equivalent net interest margin, defined as taxable-equivalent net interest income to average interest-earning assets, increased 5 basis points to 3.33% in 2013 from 3.28% in 2012. The increase in net interest margin from the prior year primarily resulted from decreases in the rate on interest bearing deposits and the prepayment of securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
Net interest income increased $7.6 million, or 2.4%, from $313.7 million in 2011 to $321.3 million in 2012. Taxable-equivalent net interest income , using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%, totaled $323.5 million in 2012, compared with $316.0 million in 2011, an increase of $7.5 million, or 2.4%. Interest income on tax-exempt securities was $4.2 million, or $6.4 million on a tax-equivalent basis , in 2012 compared to $4.2 million, or $6.5 million on a tax-equivalent basis , in 2011. The increase in net interest income was due primarily to the decreases in interest expense paid for time deposits and the prepayment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances and securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
Average loans for 2012 were $7.10 billion, a $134.5 million, or a 1.9%, increase from $6.96 billion in 2011. Compared with 2011, average commercial loans increased $284.0 million, or 17.1%, and average residential mortgage loans increased $91.6 million, or 8.0%. Offsetting the above increases was a decrease of $121.1 million, or 3.2%, in average commercial mortgage loans and a decrease of $118.0 million, or 37.3%, in average real estate construction loans. Average investment securities were $2.35 billion in 2012, a decrease of $270.5 million , or 10.3% , from 2011, due primarily to decreases of U.S. agency securities of $325.7 million.
Average interest bearing deposits were $6.23 billion in 2012, an increase of $83.7 million, or 1.4%, from $6.14 billion in 2011 primarily due to increases of $238.9 million in all deposit types, offset primarily by decreases of $155.2 million in brokered time deposits. Average FHLB advances and other borrowings decreased $280.9 million, or 88.2%, to $37.7 million in 2012 from $318.6 million in 2011, primarily due to prepayments of FHLB advances in 2012. Average securities sold under agreements to repurchase decreased $86.9 million, or 6.0%, to $1.36 billion in 2012 from $1.45 billion in 2011, primarily due to prepayments of securities sold under agreements to repurchase in 2012.
Taxable-equivalent interest income decreased $23.9 million , or 5.2% , to $432.0 million in 2012 primarily due to decline in volume on investment securities and decreases in loan yields and by a change in the mix of interest-earning assets as discussed below:
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Increase in volume: Average interest-earning assets increased $37.1 million, or 0.4%, to $9.87 billion in 2012, compared with the average interest-earning assets of $9.84 billion in 2011. The increase in average loans balance of $134.5 million in 2012 and increase in average interest bearing deposits of $253.6 million, offset by decreases in average investment securities of $270.4 million and decreases in average Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell of $69.5 million, contributed to the slight increase in interest income. |
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Decrease in rate: The average yield of interest bearing assets decreased 25 basis points to 4.38% in 2012 from 4.63% in 2011. The rate on taxable investment securities decreased 53 basis points from 3.34% in 2011 to 2.81% in 2012. The decrease in taxable investment securities yields caused a $12.3 million decline in interest income . The rate on loans decreased 16 basis points from 5.24% in 2011 to 5.08% in 2012. The decrease in loan yield caused a $10.9 million decline in interest income . |
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Change in the mix of interest-earning assets: Average gross loans, which generally have a higher yield than other types of investments, comprised 71.9% of total average interest-earning assets in 2012, an increase from 70.8% in 2011 . Average securities comprised 23.8% of total average interest-earning assets in 2012, a decrease from 26.6% in 2011. |
Interest expense decreased by $31.4 million to $108.5 million in 2012 compared with $139.9 million in 2011 primarily due to a decreased cost from time deposits, FHLB advances and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. The overall decrease in interest expense was primarily due to a net decrease in rate and a net decrease in volume as discussed below:
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Decrease in volume: Average interest-bearing liabilities decreased $284.1 million in 2012, due primarily to the decrease in brokered time deposits, the decrease in FHLB advances, and the decrease in securities sold under agreements to repurchase. The decrease in volume caused interest expense to decline by $10.5 million. |
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Decrease in rate: The average cost of interest bearing liabilities decreased 34 basis points to 1.39% in 2012 from 1.73% in 2011, due primarily to a decrease of 25 basis points in the average cost of interest bearing deposits to 0.76% in 2012 from 1.01% in 2011 and a decrease of 306 basis points in the average cost of FHLB advances and other borrowings to 0.72% in 2012 from 3.78% in 2011. The decline in rate caused interest expense to decline by $20.9 million. |
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Change in the mix of interest-bearing liabilities: Average interest bearing deposits of $6.23 billion increased to 79.9% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2012 compared to 76.0% in 2011. Offsetting the increases, average FHLB advances and other borrowing decreased to 0.5% of total interest-bearing liabilities in 2012 compared to 3.9% in 2011. |
Our taxable-equivalent net interest margin, defined as taxable-equivalent net interest income to average interest-earning assets, increased 7 basis points to 3.28% in 2012 from 3.21% in 2011. The increase in net interest margin from the prior year primarily resulted from increases in loans, decreases in the rate on interest bearing deposits, and the prepayment of FHLB advances and securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
The following table sets forth information concerning average interest-earning assets, average interest-bearing liabilities, and the yields and rates paid on those assets and liabilities. Average outstanding amounts included in the table are daily averages.
Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities
2013 Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense (4) |
Average Yield/ Rate (1)(2) |
2012 Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense (4) |
Average Yield/ Rate (1)(2) |
2011 Average Balance |
Interest Income/ Expense (4) |
Average Yield/ Rate (1)(2) |
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(Dollars in thousands) |
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Interest-Earning Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 2,148,763 | $ | 84,680 | 3.94 | % | $ | 1,946,986 | $ | 81,684 | 4.20 | % | $ | 1,662,937 | $ | 72,188 | 4.34 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages |
1,420,434 | 66,229 | 4.66 | 1,232,573 | 60,644 | 4.92 | 1,140,936 | 57,541 | 5.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgages |
3,868,837 | 198,904 | 5.14 | 3,701,613 | 207,541 | 5.61 | 3,822,757 | 220,070 | 5.76 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
177,093 | 10,010 | 5.65 | 198,363 | 10,440 | 5.26 | 316,323 | 14,352 | 4.54 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other loans |
15,403 | 136 | 0.88 | 15,541 | 334 | 2.15 | 17,583 | 429 | 2.44 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans (1) |
7,630,530 | 359,959 | 4.72 | 7,095,076 | 360,643 | 5.08 | 6,960,536 | 364,580 | 5.24 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxable securities |
1,903,541 | 43,412 | 2.28 | 2,216,857 | 62,395 | 2.81 | 2,484,629 | 83,083 | 3.34 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax-exempt securities (3) |
29,076 | 1,531 | 5.27 | 131,530 | 6,401 | 4.87 | 134,245 | 6,489 | 4.83 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FHLB stock |
33,446 | 1,480 | 4.43 | 47,938 | 485 | 1.01 | 58,999 | 177 | 0.30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Federal funds sold & securities purchased under agreements to resell |
- | - | - | 14,986 | 18 | 0.12 | 84,493 | 83 | 0.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits |
184,654 | 1,150 | 0.62 | 367,138 | 2,042 | 0.56 | 113,566 | 1,430 | 1.26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets |
$ | 9,781,247 | $ | 407,532 | 4.17 | $ | 9,873,525 | $ | 431,984 | 4.38 | $ | 9,836,468 | $ | 455,842 | 4.63 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest Earning Assets: |
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Cash and due from banks |
149,196 | 126,476 | 161,711 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-earning assets |
769,388 | 819,986 | 872,638 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total non-interest earning assets |
918,584 | 946,462 | 1,034,349 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Allowance for loan losses |
(181,272 | ) | (194,385 | ) | (233,744 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred loan fees |
(11,717 | ) | (8,598 | ) | (7,856 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 10,506,842 | $ | 10,617,004 | $ | 10,629,217 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Bearing Liabilities: |
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Interest-bearing demand deposits |
$ | 634,506 | $ | 1,017 | 0.16 | $ | 516,246 | $ | 792 | 0.15 | 426,252 | 756 | 0.18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market deposits |
1,215,347 | 7,034 | 0.58 | 1,059,841 | 5,938 | 0.56 | 979,253 | 7,351 | 0.75 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Savings deposits |
488,932 | 374 | 0.08 | 451,022 | 365 | 0.08 | 411,953 | 482 | 0.12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits |
3,993,508 | 31,964 | 0.80 | 4,197,906 | 40,278 | 0.96 | 4,323,833 | 53,625 | 1.24 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits |
6,332,293 | 40,389 | 0.64 | 6,225,015 | 47,373 | 0.76 | 6,141,291 | 62,214 | 1.01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 27 | 0 | 1.29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
972,329 | 37,692 | 3.88 | 1,361,475 | 55,699 | 4.09 | 1,448,363 | 60,733 | 4.19 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FHLB advances and other borrowings |
72,687 | 528 | 0.73 | 37,717 | 270 | 0.72 | 318,606 | 12,044 | 3.78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
169,492 | 3,691 | 2.18 | 171,136 | 5,149 | 3.01 | 171,136 | 4,890 | 2.86 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities |
7,546,801 | 82,300 | 1.09 | 7,795,343 | 108,491 | 1.39 | 8,079,423 | 139,881 | 1.73 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest Bearing Liabilities: |
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Demand deposits |
1,325,781 | 1,157,343 | 996,215 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities |
86,081 | 85,123 | 68,034 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders' equity |
1,548,179 | 1,579,195 | 1,485,545 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |
$ | 10,506,842 | $ | 10,617,004 | $ | 10,629,217 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest spread (4) |
3.08 | % | 2.99 | % | 2.90 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (4) |
$ | 325,232 | $ | 323,493 | $ | 315,961 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (4) |
3.33 | % | 3.28 | % | 3.21 | % |
(1) |
Yields and amounts of interest earned include loan fees. Non-accrual loans are included in the average balance. |
(2) |
Calculated by dividing net interest income by average outstanding interest-earning assets. |
(3) |
The average yield has been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis for certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held using a statutory federal income tax rate of 35%. |
(4) |
Net interest income, net interest spread, and net interest margin on interest-earning assets have been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis using a statutory federal income tax rate of 35%. |
Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income — Changes Due to Rate and Volume(1)
2013 - 2012 Increase/(Decrease) in Net Interest Income Due to: |
2012 - 2011 Increase/(Decrease) in Net Interest Income Due to: |
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Change in Volume |
Change in Rate |
Total Change |
Change in Volume |
Change in Rate |
Total Change |
|||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Earning Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits with other banks |
$ | (1,113 | ) | $ | 221 | $ | (892 | ) | $ | 1,767 | $ | (1,155 | ) | $ | 612 | |||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell |
(9 | ) | (9 | ) | (18 | ) | (80 | ) | 15 | (65 | ) | |||||||||||||
Taxable securities |
(8,104 | ) | (10,879 | ) | (18,983 | ) | (8,380 | ) | (12,308 | ) | (20,688 | ) | ||||||||||||
Tax-exempt securities (2) |
(5,356 | ) | 486 | (4,870 | ) | (132 | ) | 44 | (88 | ) | ||||||||||||||
FHLB stock |
(187 | ) | 1,182 | 995 | (39 | ) | 347 | 308 | ||||||||||||||||
Loans |
26,215 | (26,899 | ) | (684 | ) | 6,965 | (10,902 | ) | (3,937 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total increase (decrease) in interest income |
11,446 | (35,898 | ) | (24,452 | ) | 101 | (23,959 | ) | (23,858 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest-Bearing Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing demand deposits |
188 | 37 | 225 | 146 | (110 | ) | 36 | |||||||||||||||||
Money market deposits |
895 | 201 | 1,096 | 567 | (1,980 | ) | (1,413 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Savings deposits |
30 | (21 | ) | 9 | 42 | (159 | ) | (117 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Time deposits |
(1,887 | ) | (6,427 | ) | (8,314 | ) | (1,521 | ) | (11,826 | ) | (13,347 | ) | ||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreemensts to repurchase |
(15,215 | ) | (2,792 | ) | (18,007 | ) | (3,580 | ) | (1,454 | ) | (5,034 | ) | ||||||||||||
FHLB advances and other borrowings |
253 | 5 | 258 | (6,134 | ) | (5,640 | ) | (11,774 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
(49 | ) | (1,409 | ) | (1,458 | ) | - | 259 | 259 | |||||||||||||||
Total decrease in interest expense |
(15,785 | ) | (10,406 | ) | (26,191 | ) | (10,480 | ) | (20,910 | ) | (31,390 | ) | ||||||||||||
Change in net interest income |
$ | 27,231 | $ | (25,492 | ) | $ | 1,739 | $ | 10,581 | $ | (3,049 | ) | $ | 7,532 |
(1) |
Changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to changes due to volume and changes due to rate. |
(2) |
The amount of interest earned has been adjusted to a fully tax-equivalent basis for certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held using a statutory federal income tax rate of 35%. |
Provision for Credit Losses
The provision for credit losses represents the charge against current earnings that is determined by management, through a credit review process, as the amount needed to maintain an allowance for loan losses and an allowance for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments that management believes to be sufficient to absorb credit losses inherent in the Bank’s loan portfolio and credit commitments. The Bank recorded a negative $3.0 million provision for credit losses in 2013 compared with a negative $9.0 million in 2012, and a positive $27.0 million in 2011. Net charge-offs for 2013 were $6.4 million, or 0.08% of average loans, compared to net charge-offs for 2012 of $14.7 million, or 0.2% of average loans, and compared to net charge-offs for 2011 of $66.2 million, or 1.0% of average loans. The decreases in provision for credit losses and net charge-offs in 2013 were primarily due to decreases in non-performing loans.
Non-interest Income
Non-interest income increased $13.8 million, or 29.7%, to $60.3 million for 2013, from $46.5 million for 2012, and compared to $50.9 million for 2011 . Non-interest income includes depository service fees, letters of credit commissions, securities gains (losses), gains (losses) from loan sales, gains from sale of premises and equipment, and other sources of fee income. These other fee-based services include wire transfer fees, safe deposit fees, fees on loan-related activities, fee income from our Wealth Management division, and foreign exchange fees.
The increase in non-interest income from 2012 to 2013 was primarily due to a combination of the following:
● |
A $9.4 million increase in securities gains. We sold securities of $1.0 billion and recorded net gains on sale of securities of $27.4 million in 2013 compared to security sales of $544.2 million and recorded net gains on sale of securities of $18.0 million in 2012. |
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A $2.3 million increase in wealth management commissions. |
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A $1.1 million increase in miscellaneous loan fees and loan service fees. |
● |
A $398,000 increase in commission on foreign exchange transactions, a $333,000 increase in trading security revenue, and a $288,000 decrease in net losses on interest rate swaps. |
The decrease in non-interest income of $4.4 million , or 8.6% , from 2011 to 2012 was primarily due to a combination of the following:
● |
A $3.1 million decrease in securities gains. We sold securities of $544.2 million and recorded net gains on sale of securities of $18.0 million in 2012 compared to security sales of $1.3 billion and $21.1 million net gains on sale of securities in 2011. |
● |
A $2.6 million decrease in gains on sale of loans. |
● |
A $1.2 million decrease in foreign exchange income. |
Non-interest Expense
Non-interest expense includes expenses related to salaries and benefits of employees, occupancy expenses, marketing expenses, computer and equipment expenses, amortization of core deposit intangibles, and other operating expenses. Non-interest expense totaled $193.8 million in 2013 compared with $192.6 million in 2012. The increase of $1.2 million , or 0.6% , in non-interest expense in 2013 compared to 2012 was primarily due to a combination of the following:
● |
Costs associated with debt redemptions due to prepayment penalties on securities sold under agreements to repurchase increased $10.5 million, or 86%, to $22.6 million in 2013 from $12.1 million in 2012. |
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Salaries and employee benefits increased $9.9 million, or 12.6%, primarily due to the hiring of new employees as well as the addition of temporary employees related to our core system conversion completed in July 2013. |
● |
Professional service expense increased $2.8 million, or 12.9%, due primarily to the increases in legal collection expense, consulting expense and data processing service expense. |
● |
Offsetting the above increases were a decrease of $15.4 million in OREO expenses primarily due to decreases in OREO operating expense, and write-down provision and a decrease of $5.8 million in litigation expense. |
The efficiency ratio, defined as non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest income before provision for loan losses plus non-interest income, decreased to 50.35% in 2013 compared to 52.37% in 2012 due primarily to higher non-interest income as explained above.
Non-interest expense totaled $192.6 million in 2012 compared with $185.6 million in 2011. The increase of $7.0 million , or 3.8% , in non-interest expense in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to a combination of the following:
● |
Salaries and employee benefits increased $6.5 million, or 9.1%, primarily due to the hiring of new employees as well as the addition of temporary employees related to the upcoming core system conversion. |
● |
An accrual of $5.8 million related to a jury verdict in a lender liability case on a construction loan where the Bank owns a 50% interest. |
● |
OREO expenses increased $4.5 million, or 43%, primarily due to decreases of $4.9 million in gains on OREO transactions. |
● |
Professional service expense increased $1.6 million, or 7.7%, and computer and equipment expenses increased $1.1 million, or 12.7%, due primarily to the upcoming core system conversion. |
● |
Marketing expenses increased $1.4 million primarily due to special events celebrating the 50 th anniversary of the Bank. |
● |
Offsetting the above increases were a $8.1 million decrease in costs associated with debt redemptions due to prepayment penalties on prepayment of FHLB advances and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, a $4.2 million decrease in FDIC and state assessments, and a $1.8 million decrease in operating expenses of affordable housing investments . |
The efficiency ratio, defined as non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest income before provision for loan losses plus non-interest income, increased to 52.37% in 2012 compared to 50.90% in 2011 due primarily to higher non-interest expenses as explained above.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $70.4 million in 2013, compared to an income tax expense of $66.1 million in 2012, and income tax benefit of $51.3 million in 2011. The effective tax rate was 36.4% for 2013, 36.0% for 2012, and 33.9% for 2011. The effective tax rate differed from the composite statutory composite rate of 42% primarily as a result of low income housing and other tax credits totaling $10.1 million recognized in 2013, $9.4 million recognized in 2012, and $10.1 million recognized in 2011.
Our tax returns are open for audits by the Internal Revenue Service back to 2010 and by the California Franchise Tax Board back to 2003. The Company is under audit by the California Franchise Tax Board for the years 2003 to 2007. From time to time, there may be differences of opinion with respect to the tax treatment accorded transactions. When, and if, such differences occur and the related tax effects become probable and estimable, such amounts will be recognized.
Financial Condition
Total assets were $11.0 billion at December 31, 2013, an increase of $295.2 million, or 2.8%, from $10.7 billion at December 31, 2012, primarily due to increases of $655.4 million in gross loans and increases of $105.0 million in short-term investments, offset by decreases of $478.6 million in investment securities.
Investment Securities
Investment securities were $1.6 billion and represented 14.4% of total assets at December 31, 2013, compared with $2.1 billion, or 19.3% , of total assets at December 31, 2012. During the first quarter of 2013, due to the ongoing discussions regarding corporate income tax rates which could have a negative impact on the after-tax yields and fair values of the Company’s portfolio of municipal securities, the Company determined it may sell such securities in response to market conditions. As a result, the Company reclassified its municipal securities from securities held-to-maturity to securities available-for-sale. Concurrent with this reclassification, the Company also reclassified all other securities held-to-maturity, which together with the municipal securities had an amortized cost on the date of transfer of $722.5 million, to securities available-for-sale. At the reclassification date, a net unrealized gain was recorded in other comprehensive income for these securities totaling $40.5 million. The following table summarizes the carrying value of our portfolio of securities for each of the past two years:
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity: |
||||||||
State and municipal securities |
$ | - | $ | 129,037 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
- | 634,757 | ||||||
Corporate debt securities |
- | 9,974 | ||||||
Total securities held-to-maturity |
$ | - | $ | 773,768 | ||||
Securities Available-for-Sale: |
||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 460,193 | $ | 509,971 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
952,814 | 416,694 | ||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
6,106 | 10,168 | ||||||
Asset-backed securities |
123 | 141 | ||||||
Corporate debt securities |
150,304 | 335,977 | ||||||
Mutual funds |
5,725 | 6,079 | ||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities |
11,403 | 2,335 | ||||||
Trust preferred securities |
- | 10,115 | ||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 1,586,668 | $ | 1,291,480 | ||||
Total investment securities |
$ | 1,586,668 | $ | 2,065,248 |
ASC Topic 320 requires an entity to assess whether it has the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. If either of these conditions is met, an entity must recognize an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) to its investment securities. If an entity does not intend to sell the debt security and will not be required to sell the debt security, the entity must consider whether it will recover the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis of the security, OTTI shall be considered to have occurred. OTTI is then separated into the amount of the total impairment related to credit losses and the amount of the total impairment related to all other factors. An entity determines the impairment related to credit losses by comparing the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security. OTTI related to the credit loss is thereafter recognized in earnings. OTTI related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. OTTI not related to the credit loss for a held-to-maturity security should be recognized separately in a new category of other comprehensive income and amortized over the remaining life of the debt security as an increase in the carrying value of the security only when the entity does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery of its remaining amortized cost basis. The Company has both the ability and the intent to hold and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell those securities with unrealized losses before recovery of their amortized cost basis.
At December 31, 2013, all of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities were rated as investment grade except for three non-agency issues. Total unrealized losses of $64.5 million from all mortgage-backed securities resulted from increases in interest rates subsequent to the date that these securities were purchased. The Company's unrealized loss on investments in corporate bonds relates to nine issues of investments in bonds of financial institutions, all of which were investment grade at the date of acquisition and as of December 31, 2013. The unrealized losses were primarily caused by the widening of credit and liquidity spreads since the dates of acquisition. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuers to settle the security at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. The Company currently does not believe it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the investments. Therefore, it is expected that these mortgage-backed securities and corporate bonds would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the Company does not intend to sell and would not be required to sell these investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, it does not consider its investments in these mortgage-backed securities and corporate bonds to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2013.
The temporarily impaired securities represent 62.0% of the fair value of investment securities as of December 31, 2013. Unrealized losses for securities with unrealized losses for less than twelve months represent 6.9%, and securities with unrealized losses for twelve months or more represent 4.7%, of the historical cost of these securities. Unrealized losses on these securities generally resulted from increases in interest rates, credit spreads, or liquidity discounts subsequent to the date that these securities were purchased. At December 31, 2013, 19 issues of securities had unrealized losses for 12 months or longer and 30 issues of securities had unrealized losses of less than 12 months.
At December 31, 2013, management believed the impairment was temporary and, accordingly, no impairment loss has been recognized in our consolidated statements of operations. We expect to recover the amortized cost basis of our debt securities, and have no intent to sell and will not be required to sell available-for-sale debt securities that have declined below their cost before their anticipated recovery. The tables below show the fair value, unrealized losses, and number of issuances of the temporarily impaired securities in our investment securities portfolio as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Temporarily Impaired Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 12 months |
12 months or longer |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 75,064 | $ | 1 | 1 | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | 75,064 | $ | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
792,012 | 64,526 | 25 | 272 | 2 | 7 | 792,284 | 64,528 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities-Non-agency |
94 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | 94 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
68 | 4 | 2 | 301 | 50 | 3 | 369 | 54 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
9,970 | 30 | 1 | 100,081 | 4,919 | 8 | 110,051 | 4,949 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
- | - | - | 5,724 | 275 | 1 | 5,724 | 275 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 877,208 | $ | 64,562 | 30 | $ | 106,378 | $ | 5,246 | 19 | $ | 983,586 | $ | 69,808 | 49 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Temporarily Impaired Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 12 months |
12 months or longer |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total securities held-to-maturity |
$ | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 49,969 | $ | 5 | 1 | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | 49,969 | $ | 5 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
231 | 1 | 2 | 170 | 1 | 6 | 401 | 2 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities-Non-agency |
- | - | - | 96 | 2 | 1 | 96 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
- | - | - | 439 | 35 | 4 | 439 | 35 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
- | - | - | 141 | 4 | 1 | 141 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
52,468 | 2,532 | 4 | 253,430 | 11,570 | 22 | 305,898 | 14,102 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 102,668 | $ | 2,538 | 7 | $ | 254,276 | $ | 11,612 | 34 | $ | 356,944 | $ | 14,150 | 41 |
The scheduled maturities and taxable-equivalent yields by security type are presented in the following tables:
Securites Portfolio Maturity Distribution and Yield Analysis:
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||
One Year or Less |
After One Year to Five Years |
After Five Years to Ten Years |
Over Ten Years |
Total |
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity Distribution: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale: |
||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 460,193 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 460,193 | ||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities(1) |
11 | 28,820 | 7,263 | 916,721 | 952,815 | |||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations(1) |
- | 3,632 | 900 | 1,574 | 6,106 | |||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities(1) |
- | - | - | 123 | 123 | |||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
- | 49,627 | 100,677 | - | 150,304 | |||||||||||||||
Mutual funds (2) |
- | - | - | 5,724 | 5,724 | |||||||||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities (2) |
- | - | - | 11,403 | 11,403 | |||||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 460,204 | $ | 82,079 | $ | 108,840 | $ | 935,545 | $ | 1,586,668 | ||||||||||
Weighted-Average Yield: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale: |
||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
0.18 | % | - | - | - | 0.18 | % | |||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities(1) |
6.62 | 4.40 | 4.56 | 2.73 | 2.79 | |||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations(1) |
- | 4.78 | 4.80 | 7.69 | 5.53 | |||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities(1) |
- | - | - | 2.25 | 2.25 | |||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
- | 1.57 | 1.51 | - | 1.53 | |||||||||||||||
Mutual funds | - | - | - | 2.71 | 2.71 | |||||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale | 0.18 | % | 2.70 | % | 1.74 | % | 2.71 | % | 1.92 | % |
(1) |
Securities reflect stated maturities and do not reflect the impact of anticipated prepayments. |
(2) |
There is no stated maturity for mutual funds and equity securities. |
Loans
Loans represented 78.0% of average interest-earning assets during 2013, compared with 71.9% during 2012. Gross loans increased by $655.4 million, or 8.8%, to $8.08 billion at December 31, 2013, compared with $7.43 billion at December 31, 2012. The increase in gross loans was primarily attributable to the following:
• |
Commercial loans increased $171.6 million , or 8.1% , to $2.30 billion at December 31, 2013, compared to $2.13 billion at December 31, 2012. Commercial loans consist primarily of short-term loans (typically with a maturity of one year or less) to support general business purposes, or to provide working capital to businesses in the form of lines of credit , trade-finance loans, loans for commercial purposes secured by cash, and SBA loans. |
• |
Total residential mortgage loans increased by $209.0 million , or 18.2% , to $1.36 billion at December 31, 2013, compared to $1.15 billion at December 31, 2012, primarily due to the low level of interest rates and the rebound in housing sales. |
• |
Commercial mortgage loans increased $254.6 million , or 6.8% , to $4.02 billion at December 31, 2013, compared to $3.77 billion at December 31, 2012. Total commercial mortgage loans accounted for 49.8% of gross loans at December 31, 2013, compared to 50.7% at December 31, 2012. Commercial mortgage loans consist primarily of commercial retail properties, shopping centers, and owner-occupied industrial facilities, and , secondarily , of office buildings, multiple-unit apartments, hotels, and multi-tenanted industrial properties, and are typically secured by first deeds of trust on such commercial properties. In addition, the Bank provides medium-term commercial real estate loans secured by commercial or industrial buildings where the borrower either uses the property for business purposes or derives income from tenants. |
• |
Real estate construction loans increased $40.8 million , or 22.5%, to $221.7 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $181.0 million at December 31, 2012. |
• |
Equity lines decreased $22.6 million , or 11.7%, to $171.3 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $193.9 million at December 31, 2012. |
Our lending relates predominantly to activities in the states of California, Nevada , New York , Texas, Washington, Massachusetts, Illinois, and New Jersey, although we have some loans to domestic clients who are engaged in international trade. Loans outstanding in our branch in Hong Kong were $255.6 million as of December 31, 2013, compared to $166.9 million as of December 31, 2012.
The classification of loans by type and amount outstanding as of December 31 for each of the past five years is presented below:
Loan Type and Mix
As of December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 2,298,724 | $ | 2,127,107 | $ | 1,868,275 | $ | 1,441,167 | $ | 1,307,880 | ||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans and equity lines |
1,526,532 | 1,340,082 | 1,186,969 | 1,061,330 | 878,266 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
4,023,051 | 3,768,452 | 3,748,897 | 3,940,061 | 4,065,155 | |||||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
221,701 | 180,950 | 237,372 | 409,986 | 626,087 | |||||||||||||||
Installment and other loans |
14,555 | 12,556 | 17,699 | 16,077 | 21,754 | |||||||||||||||
Gross loans |
8,084,563 | 7,429,147 | 7,059,212 | 6,868,621 | 6,899,142 | |||||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses |
(173,889 | ) | (183,322 | ) | (206,280 | ) | (245,231 | ) | (211,889 | ) | ||||||||||
Unamortized deferred loan fees |
(13,487 | ) | (10,238 | ) | (8,449 | ) | (7,621 | ) | (8,339 | ) | ||||||||||
Total loans and leases, net |
$ | 7,897,187 | $ | 7,235,587 | $ | 6,844,483 | $ | 6,615,769 | $ | 6,678,914 | ||||||||||
Loans held for sale |
$ | - | $ | - | $ | 760 | $ | 2,873 | $ | 54,826 |
The loan maturities in the table below are based on contractual maturities. As is customary in the banking industry, loans that meet underwriting criteria can be renewed by mutual agreement between us and the borrower. Because we are unable to estimate the extent to which our borrowers will renew their loans, the table is based on contractual maturities. As a result, the data shown below should not be viewed as an indication of future cash flows.
Contractual Maturity of Loan Portfolio
Within One Year |
One to Five Years |
Over Five Years |
Total |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
||||||||||||||||
Floating rate |
$ | 1,053,698 | $ | 631,010 | $ | 134,726 | $ | 1,819,434 | ||||||||
Fixed rate |
351,688 | 114,489 | 13,113 | 479,290 | ||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans and equity lines | ||||||||||||||||
Floating rate |
29 | 1,337 | 211,530 | 212,896 | ||||||||||||
Fixed rate |
6,865 | 16,080 | 1,290,691 | 1,313,636 | ||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
||||||||||||||||
Floating rate |
423,788 | 1,203,232 | 1,129,874 | 2,756,894 | ||||||||||||
Fixed rate |
118,922 | 792,629 | 354,606 | 1,266,157 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
||||||||||||||||
Floating rate |
144,254 | 62,252 | - | 206,506 | ||||||||||||
Fixed rate |
15,097 | 98 | - | 15,195 | ||||||||||||
Installment and other loans |
||||||||||||||||
Floating rate |
100 | - | - | 100 | ||||||||||||
Fixed rate |
14,199 | 256 | - | 14,455 | ||||||||||||
Total Loans |
$ | 2,128,640 | $ | 2,821,383 | $ | 3,134,540 | $ | 8,084,563 | ||||||||
Floating rate |
$ | 1,621,869 | $ | 1,897,831 | $ | 1,476,130 | $ | 4,995,830 | ||||||||
Fixed rate |
506,771 | 923,552 | 1,658,410 | 3,088,733 | ||||||||||||
Total Loans |
2,128,640 | 2,821,383 | 3,134,540 | 8,084,563 | ||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses |
(173,889 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Unamortized deferred loan fees |
(13,487 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net loans |
$ | 7,897,187 |
Deposits
The Bank primarily uses customer deposits to fund its operations, and to a lesser extent borrowings in the form of securities sold under agreements to repurchase, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank, and other borrowings. The Bank’s deposits are generally obtained from the Bank’s geographic market area. The Bank utilizes traditional marketing methods to attract new customers and deposits, by offering a wide variety of products and services and utilizing various forms of advertising media. Although the vast majority of the Bank’s deposits are retail in nature, the Bank does engage in certain wholesale activities, primarily accepting deposits generated by brokers or Internet listing services. The Bank considers wholesale deposits to be an alternative borrowing source rather than a customer relationship and, as such, their levels are determined by management’s decisions as to the most economic funding sources. B rokered-deposits totaled $318.2 million, or 4.0%, of total deposits, at December 31, 2013, compared to $65.0 million, or 0.9%, at December 31, 2012.
The Company’s total deposits increased $598.1 million, or 8.1%, to $7.98 billion at December 31, 2013, from $7.38 billion at December 31, 2012, primarily due to a $287.0 million, or 44.6%, increase in time deposits under $100,000, a $172.4 million, or 13.6%, increase in non-interest bearing demand deposits, a $99.6 million, or 8.4%, increase in money market deposits, a $90.7 million, or 15.3%, increase in NOW deposits, and a $25.7 million, or 5.4%, increase in saving deposits , offset by a $77.4 million, or 2.4%, decrease in time deposits of $100,000 or more.
The following table displays the deposit mix for the past three years:
Deposit Mix
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount |
Percentage |
Amount |
Percentage |
Amount |
Percentage |
|||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Demand deposits |
$ | 1,441,858 | 18.1 | % | $ | 1,269,455 | 17.2 | % | $ | 1,074,718 | 14.9 | % | ||||||||||||
NOW deposits |
683,873 | 8.6 | 593,133 | 8.0 | 451,541 | 6.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Money market deposits |
1,286,338 | 16.1 | 1,186,771 | 16.1 | 951,516 | 13.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Saving deposits |
499,520 | 6.2 | 473,805 | 6.4 | 420,030 | 5.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits under $100,000 |
931,204 | 11.7 | 644,191 | 8.7 | 832,997 | 11.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits of $100,000 or more |
3,138,512 | 39.3 | 3,215,870 | 43.6 | 3,498,329 | 48.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 7,981,305 | 100.0 | % | $ | 7,383,225 | 100.0 | % | $ | 7,229,131 | 100.0 | % |
Average total deposits increased $275.7 million, or 3.7% , to $7.66 billion in 2013 compared with average total deposits of $7.38 billion in 2012.
The following table displays average deposits and rates for the past five years:
Average Deposits and Average Rates
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount |
% |
Amount |
% |
Amount |
% |
Amount |
% |
Amount |
% |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Demand deposits |
$ | 1,325,781 | - | % | $ | 1,157,343 | - | % | $ | 996,215 | - | % | $ | 911,351 | - | % | $ | 781,391 | - | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
NOW deposits |
634,506 | 0.16 | 516,246 | 0.15 | 426,252 | 0.18 | 397,434 | 0.23 | 295,770 | 0.36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market deposits |
1,215,347 | 0.58 | 1,059,841 | 0.56 | 979,253 | 0.75 | 966,888 | 0.90 | 890,427 | 1.49 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saving deposits |
488,932 | 0.08 | 451,022 | 0.08 | 411,953 | 0.12 | 369,190 | 0.19 | 338,781 | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits |
3,993,508 | 0.80 | 4,197,906 | 0.96 | 4,323,833 | 1.24 | 4,765,632 | 1.55 | 5,084,309 | 2.33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 7,658,074 | 0.53 | % | $ | 7,382,358 | 0.64 | % | $ | 7,137,506 | 0.87 | % | $ | 7,410,495 | 1.14 | % | $ | 7,390,678 | 1.81 | % |
Management considers the Bank’s time deposits of $100,000 or more (Jumbo CDs) to be generally less volatile than other wholesale funding sources primarily because:
• |
approximately 67.7% of the Bank’s Jumbo CDs have been on deposit with the Bank for two years or more; |
• |
the Jumbo CD portfolio is widely-held with 13 ,576 individual accounts averaging approximately $252,000 per account owned by 9,004 individual depositors as of December 31, 2013; and |
• |
the ratio of relatively higher percentage of Jumbo CDs to total deposits exists in most of the Asian-American banks in our California market because of a higher savings rate within the communities we serve. |
Management monitors the Jumbo CD portfolio to identify any changes in the deposit behavior in the market and of the customers the Bank is serving.
Of our Jumbo CDs , approximately 90.8% mature within one year as of December 31, 2013. The following tables display time deposits of $100,000 or more by maturity:
Time Deposits of $100,000 or More by Maturity
At December 31, 2013 |
||||
(In thousands) |
||||
Less than three months |
$ | 975,612 | ||
Three to six months |
613,889 | |||
Six to twelve months |
1,261,548 | |||
Over one year |
287,463 | |||
Total |
$ | 3,138,512 |
The following table displays time deposits with a remaining term of more than one year at December 31, 2013:
Maturities of Time Deposits with a Remaining Term
of More Than One Year for Each
of the Five Years Following December 31, 2013
(In thousands) |
||||
2015 |
$ | 259,886 | ||
2016 |
154,706 | |||
2017 |
57,601 | |||
2018 | 171,767 | |||
2019 |
11 |
Borrowings
Borrowings include securities sold under agreements to repurchase, Federal funds purchased, funds obtained as advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of San Francisco, and borrowings from other financial institutions.
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $800.0 million with a weighted average rate of 3.87% at December 31, 2013, compared to $1.25 billion with a weighted average rate of 3.84% at December 31, 2012. In 2013, the Company prepaid securities sold under agreements to repurchase totaling $450 million with a weighted average rate of 3.79% and incurred prepayment penalties of $22.6 million. In 2012, the Company modified $200.0 million of securities sold under agreements to repurchase by extending the term by an additional four years on average, reducing the rate of these agreements by an average of 168 basis points and removing the callable feature of these borrowings. In 2012, the Company prepaid three securities sold under an agreement to repurchase for a total of $150 million with a weighted average rate of 4.43% and incurred prepayment penalties of $9.4 million. In May 2011, the Company prepaid a security sold under an agreement to repurchase of $50 million with a rate of 4.83% and incurred a prepayment penalty of $1.7 million. Five floating-to-fixed rate agreements totaling $300.0 million have initial floating rates for a period of time ranging from six months to one year, with floating rates ranging from the three-month LIBOR minus 200 basis points to the three-month LIBOR rate minus 340 basis points. Thereafter, the rates are fixed for the remainder of the term, with interest rates ranging from 4.78% to 5.07%. After the initial floating rate term, the counter parties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the fixed rate reset date and quarterly thereafter. Six fixed-to-floating rate agreements totaling $300.0 million have initial fixed rates ranging from 1.00% to 3.50% with initial fixed rate terms ranging from six months to 12 months. For the remaining term, the rates float at 8% minus the three-month LIBOR rate with a maximum rate ranging from 3.50% to 3.75% and minimum rate of 0.0%. After the initial fixed rate term, the counter parties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the floating rate reset date and quarterly thereafter. The table below provides summary data for the $600 million of callable securities sold under agreements to repurchase as of December 31, 2013:
(Dollars in millions) |
Fixed-to-floating |
Floating-to-fixed |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Rate type |
Float Rate |
Fixed Rate |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate index |
8% minus 3 month LIBOR |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Maximum rate |
3.75 | % | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Minimum rate |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
No. of agreements |
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amount |
$ | 50.0 | $ | 100.0 | $ | 150.0 | $ | 100.0 | $ | 200.0 | $ | 600.0 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average rate |
3.75 | % | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | 4.78 | % | 5.00 | % | 4.24 | % | ||||||||||||
Final maturity |
2014 |
2014 |
2015 |
2014 |
2017 |
The table below provides summary data for non-callable fixed rate securities sold under agreements to repurchase as of December 31, 2013:
Maturity |
No. of Agreements |
Amount (In thousands) |
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|||||||||
1 year to 3 years |
1 | $ | 50,000 | 2.69 | % | |||||||
3 years to 5 years |
3 | $ | 150,000 | 2.81 | % | |||||||
Total |
4 | $ | 200,000 | 2.78 | % |
These transactions are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amount at which the securities were sold. We may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. The underlying collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements consists of U.S. Treasury securities, and mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $906.1 million as of December 31, 2013, and $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2012 .
The table below provides comparative data for securities sold under agreements to repurchase for the years indicated:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||
Average amount outstanding during the year (1) |
$ | 972,329 | $ | 1,361,475 | $ | 1,448,363 | ||||||
Maximum amount outstanding at month-end (2) |
1,200,000 | 1,400,000 | 1,559,000 | |||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
800,000 | 1,250,000 | 1,400,000 | |||||||||
Rate, December 31 |
3.87 | % | 3.84 | % | 4.14 | % | ||||||
Weighted average interest rate for the year |
3.88 | % | 4.09 | % | 4.19 | % |
(1) |
Average balances were computed using daily averages. |
(2) |
Highest month-end balances were January 2013, January 2012, and January 2011. |
Advances from the FHLB were $521.2 million with a weighted average rate of 0.17% at December 31, 2013, compared to $146.2 million with weighted average rate of 0.44% at December 31, 2012. The Company did not prepay advances from the FHLB in 2013 compared to prepayments of $100.0 million at a rate of 4.60% with prepayment penalties of $2.8 million in 2012.
Long-term Debt
On September 29, 2006, the Bank issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt in a private placement transaction (the “Bank Subordinated Debt”). The debt had an original maturity term of 10 years, was unsecured and bore interest at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 110 basis points, payable on a quarterly basis. In March 2011, the maturity term was extended for an additional year. As part of the extension agreement, the rate was increased from LIBOR plus 110 basis points to LIBOR plus 330 basis points for 2011 and 2012, after which it reverts to LIBOR plus 110 basis points. In December 2013, the subordinated debt was prepaid in full with a prepayment penalty of $2,000.
We established three special purpose trusts in 2003 and two in 2007 for the purpose of issuing Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests in their Subordinated Debentures to outside investors (“Capital Securities”). The proceeds from the issuance of the Capital Securities as well as our purchase of the common stock of the special purpose trusts were invested in Junior Subordinated Notes of the Company (“Junior Subordinated Notes”). The trusts exist for the purpose of issuing the Capital Securities and investing in Junior Subordinated Notes. Subject to some limitations, payment of distributions out of the monies held by the trusts and payments on liquidation of the trusts, or the redemption of the Capital Securities, are guaranteed by the Company to the extent the trusts have funds on hand at such time. The obligations of the Company under the guarantees and the Junior Subordinated Notes are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all indebtedness of the Company and will be structurally subordinated to all liabilities and obligations of the Company’s subsidiaries. The Company has the right to defer payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Notes at any time or from time to time for a period of up to twenty consecutive quarterly periods with respect to each deferral period. Under the terms of the Junior Subordinated Notes, the Company may not, with certain exceptions, declare or pay any dividends or distributions on its capital stock or purchase or acquire any of its capital stock if it has deferred payment of interest on any Junior Subordinated Notes.
At December 31, 2013, Junior Subordinated Notes totaled $121.1 million with a weighted average interest rate of 2.40% compared to $121.1 million with a weighted average rate of 2.47% at December 31, 2012. The Junior Subordinated Notes have a stated maturity term of 30 years. The Junior Subordinated Notes qualify as Tier 1 capital for regulatory reporting purposes. The trusts are not consolidated with the Company in accordance with an accounting pronouncement that took effect in December 2003.
Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements, Commitments, Guarantees, and Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commitments to make future payments as of December 31, 2013. Payments for deposits and borrowings do not include interest. Payments related to leases are based on actual payments specified in the underlying contracts. Loan commitments and standby letters of credit are presented at contractual amounts; however, since many of these commitments are expected to expire unused or only partially used, the total amounts of these commitments do not necessarily reflect future cash requirements.
Payment Due by Period |
||||||||||||||||||||
1 year or less |
More than 1 year but less than 3 years |
3 years or more but less than 5 years |
5 years or more |
Total |
||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual obligations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (1) |
$ | 250,000 | $ | 150,000 | $ | 200,000 | $ | - | $ | 600,000 | ||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (2) |
- | 50,000 | 150,000 | - | 200,000 | |||||||||||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank |
475,000 | - | 46,200 | - | 521,200 | |||||||||||||||
Other borrowings |
- | - | - | 19,062 | 19,062 | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
- | - | - | 121,136 | 121,136 | |||||||||||||||
Operating leases |
5,745 | 6,825 | 2,542 | 643 | 15,755 | |||||||||||||||
Deposits with stated maturity dates |
3,425,745 | 414,592 | 229,368 | 11 | 4,069,716 | |||||||||||||||
Total contractual obligations and other commitments |
$ | 4,156,490 | $ | 621,417 | $ | 628,110 | $ | 140,852 | $ | 5,546,869 | ||||||||||
Other commitments: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commitments to extend credit |
1,121,945 | 550,509 | 118,830 | 67,385 | 1,858,669 | |||||||||||||||
Standby letters of credit |
42,818 | 1,782 | - | 458 | 45,058 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial letters of credit |
54,098 | - | - | - | 54,098 | |||||||||||||||
Bill of lading guarantees |
80 | - | - | - | 80 | |||||||||||||||
Total contractual obligations and other commitments |
$ | 1,218,941 | $ | 552,291 | $ | 118,830 | $ | 67,843 | $ | 1,957,905 |
|
(1) |
These repurchase agreements have a final maturity of 5-year, 7-year and 10-year from origination date but are callable on a quarterly basis after six months, one year, or 18 months for the 7-year term and one year for the 5-year and 10-year term. |
|
(2) |
These repurchase agreements are non-callable. |
In the normal course of business, we enter into various transactions, which, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, are not included in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We enter into these transactions to meet the financing needs of our customers. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Loan Commitments . We enter into contractual commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of our commitments to extend credit are contingent upon customers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of loan funding. We minimize our exposure to loss under these commitments by subjecting them to credit approval and monitoring procedures. Management assesses the credit risk associated with certain commitments to extend credit in determining the level of the allowance for credit losses.
Standby Letters of Credit . Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued by us to secure the obligations of a customer to a third party. In the event the customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of an agreement with the third party, we would be required to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment is funded, we would be entitled to seek reimbursement from the customer. Our policies generally require that standby letter of credit arrangements contain security and debt covenants similar to those contained in loan agreements.
Capital Resources
Stockholders’ Equity
Total equity of $1.46 billion at December 31, 2013, decreased $170.5 million, or 10.5%, compared to $1.63 billion at December 31, 2012 , primarily due to the redemption of $258 million of Bancorp’s Series B preferred s tock issued under the U.S. Treasury's TARP Capital Purchase Program , increases in unrealized losses on securities available for sale of $30.2 million, redemption of minority interest of $8.4 million, cash dividends paid of $12.6 million, and tax short-fall from stock options of $2.5 million, offset by increases of $123.7 million in net income and $14.8 million from stock options exercised . The Company paid cash dividends of $0. 08 per common share in 2013 and $0.04 per common share in 2012 .
We participated in the U.S. Treasury TARP Capital Purchase Program under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. Pursuant to this program, on December 5, 2008, the U.S. Treasury purchased 258,000 shares of our Series B preferred stock in the amount of $258.0 million. In conjunction with the purchase of our preferred stock, the U.S. Treasury received warrants to purchase 1,846,374 shares of our common stock at the exercise price of $20.96 with an aggregate market price equal to $38.7 million, 15% of the amount the U.S. Treasury invested. On December 9, 2013, the U.S. Treasury sold all of the warrants it held for a total $13.1 million, or $7.20 per warrant, through a secondary public offering.
As of December 31, 2013, the maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under our November 2007 stock repurchase program was 622,500 shares. No shares were repurchased during the years from 2008 to 2013.
Capital Adequacy
Management seeks to retain our capital at a level sufficient to support future growth, protect depositors and stockholders, and comply with various regulatory requirements. The primary measure of capital adequacy is based on the ratio of risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets. At December 31, 2013 , our Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 15.04%, total risk-based capital ratio of 16.35%, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 12.48%, continued to place the Bancorp in the “well capitalized” category, which is defined as institutions with Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 6.00%, total risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 10.00%, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio equal to or greater than 5.00%. The comparable ratios for the Bancorp at December 31, 2012, were Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 17.36%, total risk-based capital ratio of 19.12%, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio of 13.82%.
A table displaying the Bancorp’s and the Bank’s capital and leverage ratios at December 31, 2013, and 2012, is included in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Dividend Policy
Holders of common stock are entitled to dividends as and when declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends. Although we have historically paid cash dividends on our common stock, we are not required to do so. Commencing with the second quarter of 2009, our Board of Directors reduced our common stock dividend to $.08 per share and to $.01 per share thereafter. In the fourth quarter of 2013, we increased the common stock dividend to $.05 per share. The amount of future dividends will depend on our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors, and will be determined by our Board of Directors. The terms of our Junior Subordinated Notes also limit our ability to pay dividends. If we are not current in our payment of dividends on our Junior Subordinated Notes, we may not pay dividends on our common stock.
Substantially all of the revenues of the Company available for payment of dividends derive from amounts paid to it by the Bank. The Bank paid dividends to Bancorp totaling $138.0 million during 2013 and $154.7 million during 2012. The Bank did not pay dividends to Bancorp in 2011.
The Federal Reserve Board issued Federal Reserve Supervision and Regulation Letter SR-09-4 that states that bank holding companies are expected to inform and consult with the Federal Reserve supervisory staff prior to declaring and paying a dividend that exceeds earnings for the period for which the dividend is being paid.
On December 17, 2009, the Bancorp entered into a memorandum of understanding with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (“FRB SF”). Although the memorandum of understanding was terminated effective April 5, 2013, we remain subject to Federal Reserve supervisory policies, including informing and consulting with the FRB SF sufficiently in advance of any planned capital actions (i.e. increased dividend payments or stock redemptions).
Under California State banking law, the Bank may not without regulatory approval pay a cash dividend which exceeds the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or its net income for the last three fiscal years, less any cash distributions made during that period. Under this regulation, the amount of retained earnings available for cash dividends to the Company immediately after December 31, 2013, was restricted to approximately $54.0 million.
Risk Elements of the Loan Portfolio
Non-performing Assets
Non-performing assets include loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest, non-accrual loans, and OREO. Our policy is to place loans on non-accrual status if interest and principal or either interest or principal is past due 90 days or more, or in cases where management deems the full collection of principal and interest unlikely. After a loan is placed on non-accrual status, any previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed and charged against current income and subsequent payments received are generally first applied towards the outstanding principal balance of the loan. Depending on the circumstances, management may elect to continue the accrual of interest on certain past due loans if partial payment is received and/or the loan is well collateralized and in the process of collection. The loan is generally returned to accrual status when the borrower has brought the past due principal and interest payments current and, in the opinion of management, the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled.
Management reviews the loan portfolio regularly for problem loans. During the ordinary course of business, management becomes aware of borrowers that may not be able to meet the contractual requirements of the loan agreements. Such loans are placed under closer supervision with consideration given to placing the loan on non-accrual status, the need for an additional allowance for loan losses, and (if appropriate) partial or full charge-off.
Total non-performing portfolio assets decreased $13.7 million, or 9.1%, to $137.2 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $150.9 million at December 31, 2012, primarily due to a $20.7 million decrease in non-accrual loans, offset by a $6.6 million increase in OREO.
As a percentage of gross loans plus OREO, our non-performing assets decreased to 1.69% at December 31, 2013, from 2.02% at December 31, 2012. The non-performing portfolio loan coverage ratio, defined as the allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans, increased to 208.2% at December 31, 2013, from 176.7% at December 31, 2012.
The following table presents the breakdown of total non-accrual, past due, and restructured loans for the past five years:
Non-accrual, Past Due and Restructured Loans
As of December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more |
$ | 982 | $ | 630 | $ | 6,726 | $ | 5,006 | $ | - | ||||||||||
Non-accrual loans |
83,183 | 103,902 | 201,197 | 242,319 | 280,643 | |||||||||||||||
Total non-performing loans |
84,165 | 104,532 | 207,923 | 247,325 | 280,643 | |||||||||||||||
Real estate acquired in foreclosure and other assets |
52,985 | 46,384 | 92,713 | 77,740 | 71,014 | |||||||||||||||
Total non-performing assets |
$ | 137,150 | $ | 150,916 | $ | 300,636 | $ | 325,065 | $ | 351,657 | ||||||||||
Accruing troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) |
$ | 117,597 | $ | 144,695 | $ | 120,016 | $ | 136,800 | $ | 54,992 | ||||||||||
Non-accrual TDRs (included in non-accrual loans) |
$ | 38,769 | $ | 47,731 | $ | 50,870 | $ | 28,146 | $ | 41,609 | ||||||||||
Non-accrual loans held for sale |
$ | - | $ | - | $ | 760 | $ | 2,873 | $ | 54,826 | ||||||||||
Non-performing assets as a percentage of gross loans and other real estate owned at year-end |
1.69 | % | 2.02 | % | 4.20 | % | 4.68 | % | 5.05 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of gross loans |
2.17 | % | 2.49 | % | 2.95 | % | 3.60 | % | 3.15 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of non-performing loans |
208.22 | % | 176.68 | % | 100.20 | % | 100.10 | % | 77.36 | % |
The effect of non-accrual loans on interest income for the past five years is presented below:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual Loans |
||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual interest due |
$ | 5,851 | $ | 6,621 | $ | 13,049 | $ | 17,304 | $ | 23,746 | ||||||||||
Interest recognized |
22 | 1,006 | 71 | 4,853 | 9,830 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest foregone |
$ | 5,829 | $ | 5,615 | $ | 12,978 | $ | 12,451 | $ | 13,916 |
As of December 31, 2013, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to those borrowers whose loans had been restructured, were considered impaired, or were on non-accrual status.
Non-accrual Loans
Total non-accrual portfolio loans of $83.2 million at December 31, 2013, decreased $20.7 million, or 19.9% , from $103.9 million at December 31, 2012. The allowance for the collateral-dependent impaired loans is calculated by the difference between the outstanding loan balance and the value of the collateral as determined by recent appraisals, sales contracts, or other available market price information. The allowance for collateral-dependent impaired loans varies from loan to loan based on the collateral coverage of the loan at the time of designation as non-performing. We continue to monitor the collateral coverage, based on recent appraisals, on these loans on a quarterly basis and adjust the allowance accordingly.
Non-accrual portfolio loans at December 31, 2013, consisted of one residential construction loan totaling $3.3 million, two non-farm non -residential construction loans totaling $25.3 million, 23 commercial real estate loans totaling $13.1 million, three land loans totaling $6.5 million, 27 commercial loans totaling $21.2 million, and 48 residential mortgage loans totaling $13.7 million. Non-accrual loans also include those troubled debt restructurings that do not qualify for accrual status. The comparable numbers for 2012 were two residential construction loans totaling $3.0 million, three non-farm non -residential construction loans totaling $33.3 million, 35 commercial real estate loans totaling $29.6 million, five land loans totaling $6.1 million, 31 commercial loans totaling $20.0 million, and 49 residential mortgage loans totaling $11.9 million.
The following tables present the type of properties securing the non-accrual portfolio loans and the type of businesses the borrowers engaged in as of the dates indicated:
December 31, 2013 |
December 31, 2012 |
|||||||||||||||
Real Estate (1) |
Commercial |
Real Estate (1) |
Commercial |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Type of Collateral |
||||||||||||||||
Single/Multi-family residence |
$ | 22,370 | $ | 2,030 | $ | 20,996 | $ | 2,073 | ||||||||
Commercial real estate |
33,079 | 1,366 | 56,895 | 1,433 | ||||||||||||
Land |
6,502 | - | 6,053 | - | ||||||||||||
Personal Property (UCC) |
- | 17,836 | - | 16,452 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 61,951 | $ | 21,232 | $ | 83,944 | $ | 19,958 |
(1) |
Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, and residential mortgage loans and equity lines. |
December 31, 2013 |
December 31, 2012 |
|||||||||||||||
Real Estate (1) |
Commercial |
Real Estate (1) |
Commercial |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Type of Business |
||||||||||||||||
Real estate development |
$ | 31,895 | $ | 5,866 | $ | 56,995 | $ | 2,387 | ||||||||
Wholesale/Retail |
16,796 | 3,526 | 15,398 | 3,908 | ||||||||||||
Food/Restaurant |
569 | 173 | 562 | 341 | ||||||||||||
Import/Export |
- | 11,667 | - | 13,309 | ||||||||||||
Other |
12,691 | - | 10,989 | 13 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 61,951 | $ | 21,232 | $ | 83,944 | $ | 19,958 |
|
(1) |
Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, and residential mortgage loans and equity lines. |
Other Real Estate Owned
At December 31, 2013, the net carrying value of other real estate owned (“OREO”) increased $6.6 million, or 14.2%, to $53.0 million from $46.4 million at December 31, 2012. OREO located in California was $10.9 million and was comprised primarily of eight parcels of land zoned for residential purpose of $9.0 million, three commercial use buildings of $564,000, three commercial building construction projects of $635,000, one residential construction project of $530,000, and one parcel of land zoned for commercial purposes of $235,000. OREO located in Texas was $27.3 million and was comprised of three office and commercial use buildings of $12.5 million, six parcels of land zoned for residential purposes of $12.7 million, four commercial building construction projects of $1.3 million and a retail store of $766,000. OREO located in the state of Washington was $6.5 million and was comprised three parcels of land zoned for residential purpose of $667,000 and one office and commercial use building of $5.8 million. OREO located in the state of New York was one office and commercial use building of $893,000. OREO located in North Carolina was one commercial use building of $4.1 million. OREO located in Illinois was $3.3 million and was comprised of one condominium property of $2.4 million, two commercial use properties of $639,000 and one residential property of $202,000.
For 2012, OREO located in California was $12.2 million and was comprised primarily of six parcels of land zoned for residential purpose of $9.1 million, three office and commercial use buildings of $1.7 million, one commercial building construction project of $740,000, one residential construction project of $530,000, and one single family residential property of $179,000. OREO located in Texas was $29.6 million and was comprised of four office and commercial use buildings of $14.4 million, four parcels of land zoned for residential purposes of $12.6 million, two commercial building construction projects of $1.3 million, one parcel of land zoned for non-residential purposes of $1.1 million, and one single family residential property of $169,000. OREO located in the state of Washington was $1.6 million and was comprised one parcel of land zoned for residential purpose of $733,000 and one commercial construction project of $870,000. OREO located in the state of New York was a retail store of $1.2 million. OREO located in Nevada was $1.1 million and was comprised of a commercial use building. OREO in all other states was $752,000 and was comprised of a commercial use property of $376,000 and one retail store of $376,000.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) is a formal modification of the terms of a loan when the Bank, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction of the stated interest rate, reduction of the amount of principal amortization, forgiveness of a portion of a loan balance or accrued interest, or an extension of the maturity date. Although these loan modifications are considered under ASC Subtopic 310-40, formerly SFAS 15 , to be troubled debt restructurings, the loans must have, pursuant to the Bank’s policy, performed under the restructured terms and have demonstrated sustained performance under the modified terms for six months before being returned to accrual status. The sustained performance considered by management pursuant to its policy includes the periods prior to the modification if the prior performance met or exceeded the modified terms. This would include cash paid by the borrower prior to the restructure to set up interest reserves.
Troubled debt restructurings on accrual status totaled $117.6 million at December 31, 2013, and were comprised of 64 loans, a decrease of $27.1 million, compared to 61 loans totaling $144.7 million at December 31, 2012. TDRs at December 31, 2013, were comprised of 13 retail shopping and commercial use building loans of $44.2 million, ten office and commercial use building loans of $28.6 million, four hotel loans of $17.2 million, 25 single family residential loans of $20.0 million, two warehouse loans of $1.6 million, five commercial loans of $5.3 million, and five multi-family residential loans of $748,000. We expect that the troubled debt restructuring loans on accruing status as of December 31, 2013, which are all performing in accordance with their restructured terms, will continue to comply with the restructured terms because of the reduced principal or interest payments on these loans. The comparable TDRs at December 31, 2012, were comprised of sixteen retail shopping and commercial use building loans of $68.1 million, fifteen office and commercial use building loans of $40.4 million, two hotel loans of $12.4 million, seventeen single family residential loans of $19.1 million, two land loans of $2.3 million, six commercial loans of $1.3 million, and three multi-family residential loans of $1.1 million. A summary of TDRs by type of loans and by accrual/non-accrual status is shown below:
December 31, 2013 |
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Accruing TDRs |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 9,112 | $ | 2,916 | $ | 2,708 | $ | 14,736 | ||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | - | 5,834 | 5,834 | ||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
11,333 | 9,389 | 70,200 | 90,922 | ||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
1,564 | 1,024 | 3,517 | 6,105 | ||||||||||||
Total accruing TDRs |
$ | 22,009 | $ | 13,329 | $ | 82,259 | $ | 117,597 |
December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual TDRs |
Interest Deferral |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
|||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | - | $ | 2,866 | $ | 1,352 | $ | - | $ | 4,218 | ||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | 16,009 | - | 9,263 | 25,272 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
1,443 | 2,168 | - | 1,843 | 5,454 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
241 | 2,206 | - | 1,378 | 3,825 | |||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual TDRs |
$ | 1,684 | $ | 23,249 | $ | 1,352 | $ | 12,484 | $ | 38,769 |
December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Accruing TDRs |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
|||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 531 | $ | 3,020 | $ | - | $ | 413 | $ | 3,964 | ||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | - | - | 5,834 | 5,834 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
27,003 | 16,656 | 739 | 85,783 | 130,181 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
1,461 | 1,024 | - | 2,231 | 4,716 | |||||||||||||||
Total accruing TDRs |
$ | 28,995 | $ | 20,700 | $ | 739 | $ | 94,261 | $ | 144,695 |
December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual TDRs |
Interest Deferral |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | - | $ | 912 | $ | - | $ | 1,518 | $ | - | $ | 2,430 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | 16,767 | 9,579 | - | - | 26,346 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
1,685 | 2,817 | 5,746 | - | 5,076 | 15,324 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
275 | 2,010 | 586 | - | 760 | 3,631 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual TDRs |
$ | 1,960 | $ | 22,506 | $ | 15,911 | $ | 1,518 | $ | 5,836 | $ | 47,731 |
The activity within our TDR loans for 2013 and 2012 is shown below:
Accruing TDRs |
2013 |
2012 |
||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 144,695 | $ | 120,016 | ||||
New restructurings |
21,382 | 53,958 | ||||||
Restructured loans restored to accrual status |
6,851 | 8,356 | ||||||
Charge-offs |
(78 | ) | (251 | ) | ||||
Payments |
(52,362 | ) | (5,159 | ) | ||||
Restructured loans placed on non-accrual |
(2,891 | ) | (32,225 | ) | ||||
Ending balance |
$ | 117,597 | $ | 144,695 |
Non-accrual TDRs |
2013 |
2012 |
||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 47,731 | $ | 50,870 | ||||
New restructurings |
6,226 | 12,304 | ||||||
Restructured loans placed on non-accrual |
2,891 | 32,225 | ||||||
Charge-offs |
(2,124 | ) | (4,182 | ) | ||||
Payments |
(4,295 | ) | (33,931 | ) | ||||
Foreclosures |
(4,809 | ) | (1,199 | ) | ||||
Restructured loans restored to accrual status |
(6,851 | ) | (8,356 | ) | ||||
Ending balance |
$ | 38,769 | $ | 47,731 |
Impaired Loans
A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement based on current circumstances and events. The assessment for impairment occurs when and while such loans are on non-accrual as a result of delinquency of over 90 days or receipt of information indicating that full collection of principal is doubtful, or when the loan has been restructured in a troubled debt restructuring. Those loans with a balance less than our defined selection criteria, generally when a loan amount is $500,000 or less, are treated as a homogeneous portfolio. If loans meeting the defined criteria are not collateral dependent, we measure the impairment based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. If loans meeting the defined criteria are collateral dependent, we measure the impairment by using the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral. We obtain an appraisal to determine the amount of impairment at the date that the loan becomes impaired. The appraisals are based on “as is” or bulk sale valuations. To ensure that appraised values remain current, we generally obtain an updated appraisal every six months from qualified independent appraisers. Furthermore, if the most current appraisal is dated more than three months prior to the effective date of the impairment test, we validate the most current value with third party market data appropriate to the location and property type of the collateral. If the third party market data indicates that the value of our collateral has declined since the most recent valuation date, we adjust downward the value of the property to reflect current market conditions. If the fair value of the collateral is less than the recorded amount of the loan, we then recognize impairment by creating or adjusting an existing valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses. If an impaired loan is expected to be collected through liquidation of the collateral, the amount of impairment, excluding disposal costs, which range between 3% to 6% of the fair value, depending on the size of impaired loan, is charged off against the allowance for loan losses. Non-accrual impaired loans are not returned to accruing status unless the unpaid interest has been brought current and full repayment of the recorded balance is expected or if the borrower has made six consecutive monthly payments of the scheduled amounts due , and are continued to be reviewed for impairment until they are no longer reported as troubled debt restructurings.
We identified impaired loans with a recorded investment of $200.8 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $248.6 million at December 31, 2012. The average balance of impaired loans was $221.2 million in 2013 and $277.8 million in 2012. We considered all non-accrual loans to be impaired. Interest recognized on impaired loans totaled $5.6 million in 2013 and $8.2 million in 2012 . As of December 31, 2013, $62.0 million, or 74.5%, of the $83.2 million of non-accrual portfolio loans was secured by real estate. As of December 31, 2012, $83.9 million, or 80.8%, of the $103.9 million of non-accrual loans was secured by real estate. The Bank obtains current appraisals or other available market price information which provides updated factors in evaluating potential loss.
At December 31, 2013 , $13.3 million of the $173.9 million allowance for loan losses was allocated for impaired loans and $160.6 million was allocated to the general allowance. At December 31, 2012 , $12.2 million of the $183.3 million allowance for loan losses was allocated for impaired loans and $171.1 million was allocated to the general allowance. In 2013, net loan charge-offs were $6.4 million, or 0.08%, of average loans , compared to $14.7 million, or 0.21%, of average loans in 2012.
The allowance for credit losses to non-accrual loans increased to 210.7% at December 31, 2013, from 177.8% at December 31, 2012. Non-accrual loans also include those troubled debt restructurings that do not qualify for accrual status.
The following table presents impaired loans and the related allowance as of the dates indicated:
Impaired Loans |
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At December 31, 2013 |
At December 31, 2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unpaid Principal Balance |
Recorded Investment |
Allowance |
Unpaid Principal Balance |
Recorded Investment |
Allowance |
|||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
With no allocated allowance |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 20,992 | $ | 18,905 | $ | - | $ | 29,359 | $ | 18,963 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
25,401 | 15,097 | - | 9,304 | 7,277 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
105,593 | 78,930 | - | 189,871 | 152,957 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
4,892 | 4,892 | - | 4,303 | 4,229 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 156,878 | $ | 117,824 | $ | - | $ | 232,837 | $ | 183,426 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
With allocated allowance |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 22,737 | $ | 13,063 | $ | 2,519 | $ | 7,804 | $ | 4,959 | $ | 1,467 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
28,475 | 19,323 | 3,460 | 54,718 | 34,856 | 8,158 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
39,223 | 35,613 | 6,584 | 14,163 | 12,928 | 1,336 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
16,535 | 14,957 | 721 | 14,264 | 12,428 | 1,222 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 106,970 | $ | 82,956 | $ | 13,284 | $ | 90,949 | $ | 65,171 | $ | 12,183 | ||||||||||||
Total impaired loans |
$ | 263,848 | $ | 200,780 | $ | 13,284 | $ | 323,786 | $ | 248,597 | $ | 12,183 |
Loan Interest Reserves
In accordance with customary banking practice, construction loans and land development loans are originated where interest on the loan is disbursed from pre-established interest reserves included in the total original loan commitment. Our construction and land development loans generally include optional renewal terms after the maturity of the initial loan term. New appraisals are obtained prior to extension or renewal of these loans in part to determine the appropriate interest reserve to be established for the new loan term. Loans with interest reserves are underwritten to the same criteria, including loan to value and , if applicable, pro forma debt service coverage ratios, as loans without interest reserves. Construction loans with interest reserves are monitored on a periodic basis to gauge progress towards completion. Interest reserves are frozen if it is determined that additional draws would result in a loan to value ratio that exceeds policy maximums based on collateral property type . Our policy limits in this regard are consistent with supervisory limits and range from 65% in the case of land to 85% in the case of 1- to 4-family residential construction projects.
As of December 31, 2013, construction loans of $160.8 million were disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $20.0 million compared to $51.8 million of such loans disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $9.7 million at December 31, 2012. The balance for construction loans with interest reserves which have been extended was $20.5 million with pre-established interest reserves of $1.8 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $4.0 million with pre-established interest reserves of $314,000 at December 31, 2012. Land loans of $32.8 million were disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $3.0 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $11.2 million land loans disbursed with pre-established interest reserves of $978,000 at December 31, 2012. The balance for land loans with interest reserves which have been extended was $1.7 million with pre-established interest reserves of $53,000 at December 31, 2013, and zero at December 31, 2012.
At December 31, 2013, $3.3 million of non-accrual residential construction loans, $25.3 million of non-accrual non-residential construction loans, and $32,000 of non-accrual land loans had been originated with pre-established interest reserves. At December 31, 2013 and at December 31, 2012, the Bank had no loans on non-accrual status with available interest reserves. At December 31, 2012, $3.0 million of non-accrual residential construction loans, $33.3 million of non-accrual non-residential construction loans, and $4.2 million of non-accrual land loans had been originated with pre-established interest reserves. While loans with interest reserves are typically expected to be repaid in full according to the original contractual terms, some loans require one or more extensions beyond the original maturity. Typically, these extensions are required due to construction delays, delays in sales or lease of property, or some combination of these two factors.
Loan Concentration
Most of our business activity is with customers located in the predominantly Asian areas of California; New York City; Dallas and Houston, Texas; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; Nevada ; and New Jersey. We have no specific industry concentration, and generally our loans are collateralized with real property or other pledged collateral. Loans are generally expected to be paid off from the operating profits of the borrowers, refinancing by another lender, or through sale by the borrowers of the secured collateral. We experienced no loan concentrations to multiple borrowers in similar activities that exceeded 10% of total loans as of December 31, 2013.
The Federal banking regulatory agencies issued final guidance on December 6, 2006, regarding risk management practices for financial institutions with high or increasing concentrations of commercial real estate ("CRE") loans on their balance sheets. The regulatory guidance reiterates the need for sound internal risk management practices for those institutions that have experienced rapid growth in CRE lending, have notable exposure to specific types of CRE, or are approaching or exceeding the supervisory criteria used to evaluate the CRE concentration risk, but the guidance is not to be construed as a limit for CRE exposure. The supervisory criteria are: (1) total reported loans for construction, land development, and other land represent 100% of the institution's total risk-based capital, and (2) both total CRE loans represent 300% or more of the institution's total risk-based capital and the institution's CRE loan portfolio has increased 50% or more within the last thirty-six months. The Bank’s loans for construction, land development, and other land represented 23% of total risk-based capital as of December 31, 2013, and 19% as of December 31, 2012. Total CRE loans represented 249% of total risk-based capital as of December 31, 2013, and 228% as of December 31, 2012, both of which were within the Bank’s internal limit of 300% of total capital. See Part I — Item 1A — “Risk Factors” for a discussion of some of the factors that may affect us.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Bank maintains the allowance for credit losses at a level that is considered adequate to cover the estimated and known inherent risks in the loan portfolio and off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments. Allowance for credit losses is comprised of allowances for loan losses and for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments. With this risk management objective, the Bank’s management has an established monitoring system that is designed to identify impaired and potential problem loans, and to permit periodic evaluation of impairment and the adequacy level of the allowance for credit losses in a timely manner.
In addition, the Board of Directors of the Bank has established a written credit policy that includes a credit review and control system that it believes should be effective in ensuring that the Bank maintains an adequate allowance for credit losses. The Board of Directors provides oversight for the allowance evaluation process, including quarterly evaluations, and determines whether the allowance is adequate to absorb losses in the credit portfolio. The determination of the amount of the allowance for credit losses and the provision for credit losses is based on management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration known relevant internal and external factors that affect collectibility when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for credit losses. The nature of the process by which the Bank determines the appropriate allowance for credit losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. Additions to the allowance for credit losses are made by charges to the provision for credit losses. Identified credit exposures that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses. Recoveries of previously charged off amounts, if any, are credited to the allowance for credit losses. A weakening of the economy or other factors that adversely affect asset quality can result in an increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies, and defaults, and a higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for loan losses. See Part I — Item 1A — “Risk Factors” for additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance.
The allowance for loan losses was $173.9 million and the allowance for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments was $1.4 million at December 31, 2013, which represented the amount believed by management to be sufficient to absorb credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio, including unfunded commitments. The allowance for credit losses, which is the sum of the allowances for loan losses and for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments, was $175.3 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $184.7 million at December 31, 2012, a decrease of $9.4 million, or 5.1%. The allowance for credit losses represented 2.17% of period-end gross loans and 208.2% of non-performing loans at December 31, 2013. The comparable ratios were 2.49% of period-end gross loans and 176.7% of non-performing loans at December 31, 2012.
The following table sets forth the information relating to the allowance for loan losses, charge-offs, recoveries , and the reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments for the past five years:
Allowance for Credit Losses
Amount Outstanding as of December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
$ | 183,322 | $ | 206,280 | $ | 245,231 | $ | 211,889 | $ | 122,093 | ||||||||||
(Reversal)/provision for credit losses |
(3,000 | ) | (9,000 | ) | 27,000 | 156,900 | 307,000 | |||||||||||||
Reversal of reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments |
- | 706 | 268 | 2,870 | 2,125 | |||||||||||||||
Charge-offs : |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
(15,625 | ) | (17,707 | ) | (11,745 | ) | (21,609 | ) | (59,370 | ) | ||||||||||
Construction loans-residential |
- | (391 | ) | (20,801 | ) | (14,889 | ) | (71,147 | ) | |||||||||||
Construction loans-other |
- | (774 | ) | (16,699 | ) | (30,432 | ) | (22,128 | ) | |||||||||||
Real estate loans |
(3,499 | ) | (13,616 | ) | (27,327 | ) | (47,765 | ) | (52,931 | ) | ||||||||||
Real estate land loans |
(1,318 | ) | (278 | ) | (1,054 | ) | (24,060 | ) | (16,967 | ) | ||||||||||
Installment loans and other loans |
- | (25 | ) | - | - | (4 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total charge-offs |
(20,442 | ) | (32,791 | ) | (77,626 | ) | (138,755 | ) | (222,547 | ) | ||||||||||
Recoveries: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
2,739 | 1,949 | 1,774 | 4,712 | 904 | |||||||||||||||
Construction loans-residential |
1,201 | 3,788 | 3,808 | 5,448 | 1,140 | |||||||||||||||
Construction loans-other |
1,083 | 2,365 | 665 | 553 | - | |||||||||||||||
Real estate loans |
5,978 | 8,820 | 4,539 | 933 | 461 | |||||||||||||||
Real estate land loans |
2,997 | 1,202 | 621 | 668 | 692 | |||||||||||||||
Installment loans and other loans |
11 | 3 | - | 13 | 21 | |||||||||||||||
Total recoveries |
14,009 | 18,127 | 11,407 | 12,327 | 3,218 | |||||||||||||||
Balance at end of year |
$ | 173,889 | $ | 183,322 | $ | 206,280 | $ | 245,231 | $ | 211,889 | ||||||||||
Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments |
||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
$ | 1,363 | $ | 2,069 | $ | 2,337 | $ | 5,207 | $ | 7,332 | ||||||||||
Provision reversal for credit losses |
- | (706 | ) | (268 | ) | (2,870 | ) | (2,125 | ) | |||||||||||
Balance at end of year |
$ | 1,363 | $ | 1,363 | $ | 2,069 | $ | 2,337 | $ | 5,207 | ||||||||||
Average loans outstanding during the year (1) |
$ | 7,630,530 | $ | 7,094,197 | $ | 6,959,331 | $ | 6,879,457 | $ | 7,262,831 | ||||||||||
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding during the year (1) |
0.08 | % | 0.21 | % | 0.95 | % | 1.84 | % | 3.02 | % | ||||||||||
(Reversal)/provision for credit losses to average loans outstanding during the year (1) |
-0.04 | % | -0.13 | % | 0.39 | % | 2.28 | % | 4.23 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for credit losses to non-performing portfolio loans at year-end (2) |
208.22 | % | 176.68 | % | 100.20 | % | 100.10 | % | 77.36 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for credit losses to gross loans at year-end (1) |
2.17 | % | 2.49 | % | 2.95 | % | 3.60 | % | 3.15 | % |
(1) |
Excluding loans held for sale |
(2) |
Excluding non-accrual loans held for sale |
Our allowance for loan losses consists of the following:
• |
Specific allowance: For impaired loans, we provide specific allowances for loans that are not collateral dependent based on an evaluation of the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate and for loans that are collateral dependent based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, which is determined by the most recent valuation information received, which may be adjusted based on factors such as changes in market conditions from the time of valuation. If the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the deficiency will be charged off against the allowance for loan losses or, alternatively, a specific allocation will be established . |
• |
General allowance: The unclassified portfolio is segmented on a group basis. Segmentation is determined by loan type and common risk characteristics. The non-impaired loans are grouped into 23 segments: two commercial segments, ten commercial real estate segments, three residential construction segments, three non-residential construction segments, one SBA segment, one installment loans segment, one residential mortgage segment, one equity lines of credit segment , and one overdrafts segment. The allowance is provided for each segmented group based on the group’s historical loan loss experience aggregated by loan risk classifications which takes into account the current financial condition of the borrowers and guarantors, the prevailing value of the underlying collateral if collateral dependent, charge-off history, management’s knowledge of the portfolio, general economic conditions, and environmental factors which include the trends in delinquency and non-accrual, and other significant factors, such as the national and local economy, volume and composition of the portfolio, strength of management and loan staff, underwriting standards, and concentration of credit. In addition, management reviews reports on past-due loans to ensure appropriate classifications. During the first quarter of 2011, we combined the number of segments for construction loans from nine to two by consolidating the previous three geographic groups of East Coast, Texas and all other regions into one bankwide region in light of the convergence of credit quality for construction loans of the three separate regions, which increased the allowance for loan losses by $4.8 million. |
The table set forth below reflects management’s allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category and the ratio of each loan category to the total loans as of the dates indicated:
As of December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount |
Percentage of Loans in Each Category to to Average Gross Loans |
Amount |
Percentage of Loans in Each Category to to Average Gross Loans |
Amount |
Percentage of Loans in Each Category to to Average Gross Loans |
Amount |
Percentage of Loans in Each Category to to Average Gross Loans |
Amount |
Percentage of Loans in Each Category to to Average Gross Loans |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type of Loans: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 65,103 | 28.2 | % | $ | 66,101 | 27.4 | % | $ | 65,658 | 23.9 | % | $ | 63,919 | 19.7 | % | $ | 57,815 | 20.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans and equity lines |
12,005 | 18.6 | 11,703 | 17.4 | 10,795 | 16.4 | 9,668 | 13.9 | 8,480 | 11.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
84,753 | 50.7 | 82,473 | 52.2 | 108,021 | 54.9 | 128,347 | 58.3 | 100,494 | 56.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
11,999 | 2.3 | 23,017 | 2.8 | 21,749 | 4.5 | 43,261 | 7.8 | 45,086 | 11.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Installment and other loans |
29 | 0.2 | 28 | 0.2 | 57 | 0.3 | 36 | 0.3 | 14 | 0.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 173,889 | 100.0 | % | $ | 183,322 | 100.0 | % | $ | 206,280 | 100.0 | % | $ | 245,231 | 100.0 | % | $ | 211,889 | 100.0 | % |
The allowance allocated to commercial loans decreased $1.0 million to $65.1 million at December 31, 2013, from $66.1 million at December 31, 2012, due primarily to decreases in loans classified as special mentioned and substandard loans. At December 31, 2013, 27 commercial loans totaling $21.2 million were on non-accrual status compared to 31 commercial loans totaling $20.0 million at December 31, 2012. Commercial loans comprised 15.9% of impaired loans and 25.5% of non-accrual portfolio loans at December 31, 2013, compared to 9.6% of impaired loans and 19.2% of non-accrual portfolio loans at December 31, 2012.
The allowance allocated to residential mortgage loans and equity lines increased $302,000, to $12.0 million at December 31, 2013, from $11.7 million at December 31, 2012, primarily due to an increase in residential mortgage loans and equity lines of $186.5 million, or 13.9%, to $1.5 billion at December 31, 2013, from $1.3 billion at December 31, 2012.
The allowance allocated to commercial mortgage loans increased to $84.8 million at December 31, 2013, from $82.5 million at December 31, 2012, which was primarily due to the growth in commercial mortgage loans to $4.0 billion at December 31, 2013, from $3.8 billion at December 31, 2012. The overall allowance for total commercial mortgage loans was 2.1% at December 31, 2013, compared to 2.2% at December 31, 2012. At December 31, 2013, 26 commercial mortgage loans totaling $19.6 million were on non-accrual status. At December 31, 2012, 40 commercial mortgage loans totaling $35.7 million were on non-accrual status. Commercial mortgage loans comprised 57.1% of impaired loans and 23.6% of non-accrual portfolio loans at December 31, 2013, compared to 66.7% of impaired loans and 34.4% of non-accrual portfolio loans at December 31, 2012.
The allowance allocated for construction loans decreased $11.0 million to $12.0 million, or 5.4% of construction loans at December 31, 2013, compared to $23.0 million, or 12.7% of construction loans at December 31, 2012, primarily due to decreases in classified loans. Two construction loans totaling $25.3 million were on non-accrual status at December 31, 2013, compared to five loans totaling $36.3 million at December 31, 2012. Construction loans comprised 17.1% of impaired loans and 34.4% of non-accrual portfolio loans at December 31, 2013, compared to 17.0% of impaired loans and 34.9% of non-accrual portfolio loans at December 31, 2012.
Also, see Part I — Item 1A — “Risk Factors” for additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance.
Liquidity
Liquidity is our ability to maintain sufficient cash flow to meet maturing financial obligations and customer credit needs, and to take advantage of investment opportunities as they are presented in the marketplace. Our principal sources of liquidity are growth in deposits, proceeds from the maturity or sale of securities and other financial instruments, repayments from securities and loans, Federal funds purchased , securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and advances from the FHLB. At December 31, 2013 and at December 31, 2012, our liquidity ratio (defined as net cash and short-term and marketable securities to net deposits and short-term liabilities) was 15.3% .
The Bank is a shareholder of the FHLB, which enables the Bank to have access to lower-cost FHLB financing when necessary. At December 31, 2013, the Bank had an approved credit line with the FHLB of San Francisco totaling $1.36 billion. Total advances from the FHLB of San Francisco were $521.2 million at December 31, 2013. These borrowings bear fixed rates and are secured by loans. See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. At December 31, 2013, the Bank pledged $119.1 million of its commercial loans to the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window under the Borrower-in-Custody program. The Bank had borrowing capacity of $110.2 million from the Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window at December 31, 2013.
Liquidity can also be provided through the sale of liquid assets, which consist of federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and securities available-for-sale. At December 31, 2013, investment securities totaled $1.59 billion, with $926.5 million pledged as collateral for borrowings and other commitments. The remaining $665.1 million was available as additional liquidity or to be pledged as collateral for additional borrowings.
Approximately 90.8% of our time deposits mature within one year or less as of December 31, 2013. Management anticipates that there may be some outflow of these deposits upon maturity due to the keen competition in the Bank’s marketplace. However, based on our historical runoff experience, we expect the outflow will not be significant and can be replenished through our normal growth in deposits. Management believes all the above-mentioned sources will provide adequate liquidity for the next twelve months to the Bank to meet its operating needs.
The business activities of the Bancorp consist primarily of the operation of the Bank and limited activities in other investments. The Bancorp obtains funding for its activities primarily through dividend income contributed by the Bank, proceeds from the issuance of the Bancorp common stock through our Dividend Reinvestment Plan and exercise of stock options. Dividends paid to the Bancorp by the Bank are subject to regulatory limitations. Management believes the Bancorp’s liquidity generated from its prevailing sources is sufficient to meet its operational needs.
Also, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements regarding commitments and contingencies.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of recent accounting pronouncements and their expected impact, if any, on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates. The principal market risk to the Company is the interest rate risk inherent in our lending, investing, deposit taking and borrowing activities, due to the fact that interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities do not re -price at the same rate, to the same extent, or on the same basis.
We monitor and manage our interest rate risk through analyzing the re -pricing characteristics of our loans, securities, deposits, and borrowings on an on-going basis. The primary objective is to minimize the adverse effects of changes in interest rates on our earnings, and ultimately the underlying market value of equity, while structuring our asset-liability composition to obtain the maximum spread. Management uses certain basic measurement tools in conjunction with established risk limits to regulate its interest rate exposure. Due to the limitations inherent in any individual risk management tool, we use a simulation model to measure and quantify the impact to our profitability as well as to estimate changes to the market value of our assets and liabilities.
We use a net interest income simulation model to measure the extent of the differences in the behavior of the lending, investing, and funding rates to changing interest rates, so as to project future earnings or market values under alternative interest rate scenarios. Interest rate risk arises primarily through the traditional business activities of extending loans, investing securities, accepting deposits, and borrowings. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates , and consumer preferences affect the spread between interest earned on assets and interest paid on liabilities. The net interest income simulation model is designed to measure the volatility of net interest income and net portfolio value, defined as net present value of assets and liabilities, under immediate rising or falling interest rate scenarios in 25 basis points increments.
Although the modeling is helpful in managing interest rate risk, it does require significant assumptions for the projection of loan prepayment rates on mortgage related assets, loan volumes and pricing, and deposit and borrowing volume and pricing, that might prove inaccurate. Because these assumptions are inherently uncertain, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest income, or precisely predict the effect of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes, the differences between actual experience and the assumed volume, changes in market conditions, and management strategies, among other factors. The Company monitors its interest rate sensitivity and attempts to reduce the risk of a significant decrease in net interest income caused by a change in interest rates.
We establish a tolerance level in our policy to define and limit interest income volatility to a change of plus or minus 15% when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points. When the net interest rate simulation projects that our tolerance level will be met or exceeded, we seek corrective action after considering, among other things, market conditions, customer reaction, and the estimated impact on profitability. At December 31, 2013, if interest rates were to increase instantaneously by 100 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would increase by 0.4%, and if interest rates were to increase instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would increase by 4.1%. Conversely, if interest rates were to decrease instantaneously by 100 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would increase by 1.0%, and if interest rates were to decrease instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that our net interest income over the next twelve months would decrease by 0.6%.
Our simulation model also projects the net market value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities. We have established a tolerance level to value the net market value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities in our policy to a change of plus or minus 15% when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points. At December 31, 2013, if interest rates were to increase instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that the net market value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities would increase by 1.6% , and conversely, if interest rates were to decrease instantaneously by 200 basis points, the simulation indicated that the net market value of our assets and liabilities would increase by 0.2% .
Quantitative Information about Interest Rate Risk
The following table shows the carrying value of our financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, categorized by expected maturity, as well as the instruments’ total fair values at December 31, 2013, and 2012. For assets, expected maturities are based on contractual maturity. For liabilities, we use our historical experience and decay factors to estimate the deposit runoffs of interest-bearing transactional deposits. We use certain assumptions to estimate fair values and expected maturities which are described in Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Off-balance sheet commitments to extend credit, letters of credit, and bill of lading guarantees represent the contractual unfunded amounts. Off-balance sheet financial instruments represent fair values. The results presented may vary if different assumptions are used or if actual experience differs from the assumptions used.
December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average |
2013 |
2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest |
Expected Maturity Date at December 31, |
Fair |
Fair |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Thereafter |
Total |
Value |
Total |
Value |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-Sensitive Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations |
2.81 | % | $ | 102,566 | $ | 94,171 | $ | 85,769 | $ | 75,456 | $ | 63,997 | $ | 536,961 | $ | 958,920 | $ | 958,921 | $ | 1,061,619 | $ | 1,102,421 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other investment securities |
0.56 | 460,193 | - | - | 39,625 | 10,002 | 117,928 | 627,748 | 927,747 | 1,003,628 | 1,012,965 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross loans receivable: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial |
3.70 | 1,405,387 | 267,899 | 174,815 | 139,828 | 162,957 | 147,838 | 2,298,724 | 2,287,490 | 2,127,107 | 2,122,877 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage |
4.65 | 6,893 | 4,603 | 2,836 | 4,323 | 5,656 | 1,502,221 | 1,526,532 | 1,537,149 | 1,340,082 | 1,351,638 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage |
4.80 | 542,710 | 351,033 | 461,522 | 521,936 | 661,370 | 1,484,480 | 4,023,051 | 3,905,328 | 3,768,452 | 3,695,865 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate construction |
5.45 | 159,352 | 58,876 | 2,065 | 1,408 | - | - | 221,701 | 221,549 | 180,950 | 180,559 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Installment & other |
2.06 | 14,299 | 226 | 30 | - | - | - | 14,555 | 14,555 | 12,556 | 11,863 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trading securities |
1.35 | 4,936 | - | - | - | - | - | 4,936 | 4,936 | 4,703 | 4,703 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Sensitive Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other interest-bearing deposits |
0.38 | 389,372 | 372,487 | 241,468 | 189,838 | 155,459 | 1,121,106 | 2,469,730 | 2,469,730 | 2,253,709 | 2,253,709 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits |
0.81 | 3,425,745 | 259,886 | 154,706 | 57,601 | 171,767 | 11 | 4,069,716 | 4,066,050 | 3,860,061 | 3,865,851 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
3.87 | 250,000 | 150,000 | 50,000 | 250,000 | 100,000 | - | 800,000 | 852,835 | 1,250,000 | 1,361,585 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank |
0.17 | 475,000 | - | - | 21,200 | 25,000 | - | 521,200 | 521,560 | 146,200 | 146,789 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other borrowings |
4.06 | - | - | - | - | - | 19,062 | 19,062 | 16,107 | 18,713 | 14,573 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
2.40 | - | - | - | - | - | 121,136 | 121,136 | 58,970 | 171,136 | 98,392 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commitments to extend credit |
1,121,945 | 426,959 | 123,550 | 49,230 | 69,600 | 67,385 | 1,858,669 | (2,187 | ) | 1,740,463 | (1,875 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standby letters of credit |
42,818 | 1,732 | 50 | - | - | 458 | 45,058 | (205 | ) | 44,672 | (204 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other letters of credit |
54,098 | - | - | - | - | - | 54,098 | (31 | ) | 71,073 | (34 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bill of lading guarantees |
80 | - | - | - | - | - | 80 | - | 77 | - |
Country Risk Exposures
The Company’s total assets were $11.0 billion and total foreign country risk net exposures were $927.2 million at December 31, 2013, compared to total assets of $10.7 billion and total foreign country risk net exposures of $844.6 million at December 31, 2012. Total foreign country risk net exposures at December 31, 2013, were comprised primarily of $321.7 million from Hong Kong, $202.9 million from England, $200.3 million from China, $51.5 million from Switzerland, $53.4 million from France, $30.2 million from Australia, $26.8 million from Canada, $17.1 million from the Philippines, $9.3 million from Singapore, $5.8 million from Germany, $5.8 million from Taiwan, and $1.8 million from Macau. Total foreign country risk net exposures at December 31, 2012, were comprised primarily of $274.7 million from Hong Kong, $209.0 million from England, $149.0 million from China, $60.8 million from Switzerland, $60.0 million from France, $50.0 million from Australia, $17.9 million from Taiwan, $10.0 million from Luxembourg, $8.4 million from Canada, $2.5 million from Singapore, and $1.6 million from Macau.
All foreign country risk net exposures were to non-sovereign counterparties except $19.1 million due from the Hong Kong Monetary Authority at December 31, 2013 and $16.2 million at December 31, 2012.
Unfunded exposures were $29.9 million at December 31, 2013, and were comprised of $29.0 million of unfunded loans to two financial institutions in China and $860,000 of unfunded loans to two borrowers in Taiwan. Unfunded exposures were $40.4 million at December 31, 2012, and were comprised of $40.0 million of unfunded loans to two financial institutions in China, a $250,000 unfunded loan to a corporation in Canada, and a $190,000 unfunded loan to a borrower in Taiwan.
Financial Derivatives
It is our policy not to speculate on the future direction of interest rates. However, we enter into financial derivatives in order to seek mitigation of exposure to interest rate risks related to our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. We believe that these transactions, when properly structured and managed, may provide a hedge against inherent interest rate risk in our assets or liabilities and against risk in specific transactions. In such instances, we may protect our position through the purchase or sale of interest rate futures contracts for a specific cash or interest rate risk position. Other hedge transactions may be implemented using interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, floors, financial futures, forward rate agreements, and options on futures or bonds. Prior to considering any hedging activities, we seek to analyze the costs and benefits of the hedge in comparison to other viable alternative strategies. All hedges will require an assessment of basis risk and must be approved by the Bank’s Investment Committee.
We follow ASC Topic 815 , which established accounting and reporting standards for financial derivatives, including certain financial derivatives embedded in other contracts, and hedging activities. It requires the recognition of all financial derivatives as assets or liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and measurement of those financial derivatives at fair value. The accounting treatment of changes in fair value is dependent upon whether or not a financial derivative is designated as a hedge and , if so, the type of hedge.
As of December 31, 2011, we had five interest rate swap agreements with two major financial institutions in the notional amount of $300.0 million for a period of three years. These interest rate swaps were not structured to hedge against inherent interest rate risks related to our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. These five interest rate swap agreements all matured in the third quarter of 2012. The net amount accrued on these interest rate swaps and the changes in the market value of these interest rate swaps were recorded as a reduction to other non-interest income in the amount of $288,000 in 2012 compared to $4.9 million in 2011.
The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts with various counter parties to mitigate the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates for foreign exchange certificates of deposit, foreign exchange contracts, or foreign currency option contracts entered into with our clients. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the fair value of these contracts as well as the related foreign exchange certificates of deposit, foreign exchange contracts , or foreign currency option contracts are recognized immediately in net income as a component of non-interest income. Period end gross positive fair values are recorded in other assets and gross negative fair values are recorded in other liabilities. At December 31, 2013, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $200,000 with a net positive fair value of $83. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $267.6 million had a positive fair value of $6.2 million at December 31, 2013. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $236.3 million had a negative fair value of $6.1 million at December 31, 2013. At December 31, 2012, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $209,000 with a net negative fair value of $2 ,000. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $188.1 million had a positive fair value of $2.9 million at December 31, 2012. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $133.7 million had a negative fair value of $1.6 million at December 31, 2012.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
For financial statements, see “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” on page F-1.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
Not Applicable.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized , and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There have not been any changes in the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures that occurred during its fourth fiscal quarter of 2013 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect these controls and procedures.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
As of December 31, 2013, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Company assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting established in “Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992),” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on the assessment, management determined that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on those criteria.
KPMG LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has also issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013. The report, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, is included in this Item under the heading “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” below.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially effect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Cathay General Bancorp:
We have audited Cathay General Bancorp’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) . Cathay General Bancorp's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Cathay General Bancorp maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ..
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Consolidated Balance Sheets of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013, and our report dated February 28, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on those Consolidated Financial Statements .
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles , California
February 28, 2014
Item 9B. |
Other Information. |
None.
PART III
Item 10. |
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. |
The information required by this item concerning our executive officers, directors, compliance with Section 16 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer, and matters relating to corporate governance is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the captions “Proposal One—Election of Directors,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance” and “Code of Ethics” in our Definitive Proxy Statement relating to our 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (our “Proxy Statement”).
Item 11. |
Executive Compensation. |
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the captions “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance—Compensation of Directors,” “Executive Compensation,” and “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” in our Proxy Statement.
Item 12. |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. |
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table sets forth certain information as of December 31, 2013, with respect to compensation plans under which equity securities of the Company were authorized for issuance.
Plan Category |
Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants, and Rights |
Weighted-average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants, and Rights |
Number of Securities Remaining Available For Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans [Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a)] |
|||||||||
(a) |
(b) |
(c) |
||||||||||
Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders |
2,812,874 | $ | 31.81 | 2,640,264 | ||||||||
Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Security Holders |
- | - | - | |||||||||
Total |
2,812,874 | $ | 31.81 | 2,640,264 |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and “Proposal One— Election of Directors— Security Ownership of Nominees, Continuing Directors, and Named Executive Officers” in our Proxy Statement .
Item 13. |
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence . |
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the information set forth under the captions “Transactions with Related Persons, Promoters and Certain Control Persons” and “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance— Director Independence” in our Proxy Statement.
Item 14. |
Principal Accounting Fees and Services. |
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the information set forth under the caption “Principal Accounting Fees and Services” in our Proxy Statement.
PART IV
Item 15. |
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. |
Documents Filed as Part of this Report
(a)(1) Financial Statements
See “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” on page F-1.
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules
Schedules have been omitted since they are not applicable, they are not required, or the information required to be set forth in the schedules is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
(b) Exhibits
3.1 |
Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2010, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. |
3.1.1 |
Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2010, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference. |
3.2 |
Amended and Restated Bylaws, effective February 20, 2014.+ |
4.7 |
ATM Equity Offering SM Sales Agreement, dated November 23, 2009, between Cathay General Bancorp and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 23, 2009, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Current Report on Form 8-K, and incorporated herein by reference. |
10.1 |
Form of Indemnity Agreements between Bancorp and its directors and certain officers. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2012, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference. |
10.2 |
Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2010. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2011, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
10.2.1 |
Amendment No. 7 effective July 1, 2007, January 1, 2007, January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008, January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2010 to the Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan effective January 1, 1997. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2010, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
10.3 |
Dividend Reinvestment Plan of Bancorp. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 1997, as an exhibit to Registration Statement No. 33-33767, and incorporated herein by reference. |
10.4 |
Equity Incentive Plan of Bancorp effective February 19, 1998. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2012, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
10.4.1 |
First Amendment to Cathay Bancorp, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan.**+ |
10.5 |
GBC Bancorp 1999 Employee Stock Incentive Plan. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2012, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
10.6 |
Cathay Bank Bonus Deferral Agreement (Amended and Restated). Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2013, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
10.7 |
Cathay General Bancorp 2005 Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated). Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2013, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
10.7.1 |
Form of Cathay General Bancorp 2005 Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Award Agreement. Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2013, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
10.7.2 |
Form of Cathay General Bancorp 2005 Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement (Nonstatutory). Previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2013, as an exhibit to Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, and incorporated herein by reference.** |
101.PRE |
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*** |
** |
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
*** |
XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information shall not be deemed to be filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, shall not be deemed to be filed for purposes of section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and otherwise shall not be subject to liability under these sections, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing. |
+ |
Filed herewith. |
++ |
Furnished herewith. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Cathay General Bancorp |
||
By: |
/s /Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Dunson K. Cheng |
||
Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer |
Date: February 28, 2014
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
Title |
Date |
||
/ s / Dunson K. Cheng |
President, Chairman of |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Dunson K. Cheng |
the Board, Director, and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) |
|||
/ s / Heng W. Chen |
Executive Vice President, |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Heng W. Chen |
Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer
(principal financial officer)
|
|||
/ s / Peter Wu |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Peter Wu |
||||
/ s / Anthony M. Tang |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Anthony M. Tang |
||||
/ s / Kelly L. Chan |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Kelly L. Chan |
||||
/ s / Michael M.Y. Chang |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Michael M.Y. Chang |
||||
/ s / Thomas C.T. Chiu |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Thomas C.T. Chiu |
||||
/ s / Nelson Chung |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Nelson Chung |
||||
/ s / Felix S. Fernandez |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Felix S. Fernandez |
/ s / Jane Jelenko |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Jane Jelenko |
||||
/ s / Patrick S.D. Lee |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Patrick S.D. Lee |
|
|||
/ s / Ting Liu |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Ting Liu |
||||
/ s / Joseph C.H. Poon |
Director |
February 28, 2014 |
||
Joseph C.H. Poon |
||||
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page |
|
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
F - 2 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2013 and 2012 |
F - 3 |
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for each of the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 |
F - 4 |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for each of the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 |
F - 5 |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 |
F - 6 |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
F - 8 |
Parent-only condensed financial information of Cathay General Bancorp is included in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K |
F - 52 |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Cathay General Bancorp:
We have audited the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013. These Consolidated Financial Statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these Consolidated Financial Statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the Consolidated Financial Statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Cathay General Bancorp’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 28, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles , California
February 28, 2014
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share data) |
||||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Cash and due from banks |
$ | 153,747 | $ | 144,909 | ||||
Short-term investments and interest bearing deposits |
516,938 | 411,983 | ||||||
Securities held-to-maturity (market value of $823,906 in 2012 |
- | 773,768 | ||||||
Securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $1,637,965 in 2013 and $1,290,676 in 2012) |
1,586,668 | 1,291,480 | ||||||
Trading securities |
4,936 | 4,703 | ||||||
Loans |
8,084,563 | 7,429,147 | ||||||
Less: Allowance for loan losses |
(173,889 | ) | (183,322 | ) | ||||
Unamortized deferred loan fees, net |
(13,487 | ) | (10,238 | ) | ||||
Loans, net |
7,897,187 | 7,235,587 | ||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
25,000 | 41,272 | ||||||
Other real estate owned, net |
52,985 | 46,384 | ||||||
Affordable housing investments, net |
84,108 | 85,037 | ||||||
Premises and equipment, net |
102,045 | 102,613 | ||||||
Customers’ liability on acceptances |
32,194 | 41,271 | ||||||
Accrued interest receivable |
24,274 | 26,015 | ||||||
Goodwill |
316,340 | 316,340 | ||||||
Other intangible assets, net |
2,230 | 6,132 | ||||||
Other assets |
190,634 | 166,595 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 10,989,286 | $ | 10,694,089 | ||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |
||||||||
Deposits |
||||||||
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits |
$ | 1,441,858 | $ | 1,269,455 | ||||
Interest-bearing deposits: |
||||||||
NOW deposits |
683,873 | 593,133 | ||||||
Money market deposits |
1,286,338 | 1,186,771 | ||||||
Savings deposits |
499,520 | 473,805 | ||||||
Time deposits under $100,000 |
931,204 | 644,191 | ||||||
Time deposits of $100,000 or more |
3,138,512 | 3,215,870 | ||||||
Total deposits |
7,981,305 | 7,383,225 | ||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
800,000 | 1,250,000 | ||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank |
521,200 | 146,200 | ||||||
Other borrowings for affordable housing investments |
19,062 | 18,713 | ||||||
Long-term debt |
121,136 | 171,136 | ||||||
Acceptances outstanding |
32,194 | 41,271 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
55,418 | 54,040 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
9,530,315 | 9,064,585 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
- | - | ||||||
Stockholders’ Equity |
||||||||
Preferred stock, 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013, 258,000 issued and outstanding in 2012 |
- | 254,580 | ||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 83,797,434 issued and 79,589,869 outstanding at December 31, 2013, and 82,985,853 issued and 78,778,288 outstanding at December 31, 2012 |
838 | 830 | ||||||
Additional paid-in-capital |
784,489 | 768,925 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss), net |
(29,729 | ) | 465 | |||||
Retained earnings |
829,109 | 721,993 | ||||||
Treasury stock, at cost (4,207,565 shares at December 31, 2013, and at December 31, 2012) |
(125,736 | ) | (125,736 | ) | ||||
Total Cathay General Bancorp stockholders' equity |
1,458,971 | 1,621,057 | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
- | 8,447 | ||||||
Total equity |
1,458,971 | 1,629,504 | ||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
$ | 10,989,286 | $ | 10,694,089 |
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements .
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share data) |
||||||||||||
INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME |
||||||||||||
Loan receivable |
$ | 359,959 | $ | 360,643 | $ | 364,580 | ||||||
Investment securities- taxable |
43,412 | 62,395 | 83,083 | |||||||||
Investment securities- nontaxable |
995 | 4,161 | 4,218 | |||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
1,480 | 485 | 177 | |||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell |
- | 18 | 83 | |||||||||
Deposits with banks |
1,150 | 2,042 | 1,430 | |||||||||
Total interest and dividend income |
406,996 | 429,744 | 453,571 | |||||||||
INTEREST EXPENSE |
||||||||||||
Time deposits of $100,000 or more |
27,211 | 33,441 | 42,204 | |||||||||
Other deposits |
13,178 | 13,932 | 20,010 | |||||||||
Interest on securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
37,692 | 55,699 | 60,733 | |||||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank |
528 | 270 | 12,033 | |||||||||
Long-term debt |
3,691 | 5,149 | 4,890 | |||||||||
Short-term borrowings |
- | - | 11 | |||||||||
Total interest expense |
82,300 | 108,491 | 139,881 | |||||||||
Net interest income before provision for credit losses |
324,696 | 321,253 | 313,690 | |||||||||
(Reversal)/provision for credit losses |
(3,000 | ) | (9,000 | ) | 27,000 | |||||||
Net interest income after provision for credit losses |
327,696 | 330,253 | 286,690 | |||||||||
NON-INTEREST INCOME |
||||||||||||
Securities gains, net |
27,362 | 18,026 | 21,131 | |||||||||
Letters of credit commissions |
6,281 | 6,316 | 5,644 | |||||||||
Depository service fees |
5,701 | 5,453 | 5,420 | |||||||||
Other operating income |
20,963 | 16,712 | 18,697 | |||||||||
Total non-interest income |
60,307 | 46,507 | 50,892 | |||||||||
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE |
||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits |
88,276 | 78,377 | 71,849 | |||||||||
Occupancy expense |
14,846 | 14,608 | 14,225 | |||||||||
Computer and equipment expense |
9,768 | 9,591 | 8,508 | |||||||||
Professional services expense |
24,574 | 21,768 | 20,209 | |||||||||
FDIC and State assessments |
7,351 | 8,339 | 12,494 | |||||||||
Marketing expense |
3,403 | 4,607 | 3,175 | |||||||||
Other real estate owned (income)/expense |
(235 | ) | 15,116 | 10,583 | ||||||||
Operations of investments in affordable housing |
7,253 | 6,306 | 8,153 | |||||||||
Amortization of core deposit premium |
4,533 | 5,663 | 5,859 | |||||||||
Cost associated with debt redemption |
22,557 | 12,120 | 20,231 | |||||||||
Other operating expense |
11,507 | 16,094 | 10,280 | |||||||||
Total non-interest expense |
193,833 | 192,589 | 185,566 | |||||||||
Income before income tax expense |
194,170 | 184,171 | 152,016 | |||||||||
Income tax expense |
70,435 | 66,128 | 51,261 | |||||||||
Net income |
123,735 | 118,043 | 100,755 | |||||||||
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
592 | 605 | 605 | |||||||||
Net income attributable to Cathay General Bancorp |
123,143 | 117,438 | 100,150 | |||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
(9,685 | ) | (16,488 | ) | (16,437 | ) | ||||||
Net income attributable to common stockholders |
$ | 113,458 | $ | 100,950 | $ | 83,713 | ||||||
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax: |
||||||||||||
Unrealized holding (losses)/gains arising during the year |
(14,335 | ) | 19,645 | 4,538 | ||||||||
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income |
15,859 | 10,448 | 12,248 | |||||||||
Total other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax |
(30,194 | ) | 9,197 | (7,710 | ) | |||||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ | 92,949 | $ | 126,635 | $ | 92,440 | ||||||
Net income attributable to common stockholders per common share |
||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 1.44 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.06 | ||||||
Diluted |
$ | 1.43 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.06 | ||||||
Basic average common shares outstanding |
78,954,898 | 78,719,133 | 78,633,317 | |||||||||
Diluted average common shares outstanding |
79,137,983 | 78,723,297 | 78,640,652 |
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements .
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011
(In thousands, except number of shares)
Preferred Stock |
Common Stock |
Additional |
Accumulated Other |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Shares |
Amount |
Number of Shares |
Amount |
Paid-in Capital |
Comprehensive Income |
Retained Earnings |
Treasury Stock |
Noncontrolling Interest |
Stockholders' Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2010 |
258,000 | $ | 247,455 | 78,531,783 | $ | 827 | $ | 762,509 | $ | (1,022 | ) | $ | 543,625 | $ | (125,736 | ) | $ | 8,447 | $ | 1,436,105 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
- | - | 21,281 | 1 | 286 | - | - | - | - | 287 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock units vested |
- | - | 12,633 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised |
- | - | 86,860 | 1 | 1,306 | - | - | - | - | 1,307 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax short-fall from stock options |
- | - | - | - | (218 | ) | - | - | - | - | (218 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock -based compensation |
- | - | - | - | 1,758 | - | - | - | - | 1,758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends of $0.04 per share |
- | - | - | - | - | - | (3,146 | ) | - | - | (3,146 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discount accretion and other |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
adjustment on preferred stock |
- | 3,537 | - | - | - | - | (3,537 | ) | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
- | - | - | - | - | - | (12,900 | ) | - | (605 | ) | (13,505 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in other comprehensive loss |
- | - | - | - | - | (7,710 | ) | - | - | - | (7,710 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 100,150 | - | 605 | 100,755 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2011 |
258,000 | 250,992 | 78,652,557 | 829 | 765,641 | (8,732 | ) | 624,192 | (125,736 | ) | 8,447 | 1,515,633 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
- | - | 17,956 | - | 291 | - | - | - | - | 291 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock units vested |
- | - | 11,814 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock salary |
- | - | 45,937 | - | 788 | - | - | - | - | 788 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised |
- | - | 50,024 | 1 | 763 | - | - | - | - | 764 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax short-fall from stock options |
- | - | - | - | (620 | ) | - | - | - | - | (620 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock -based compensation |
- | - | - | - | 2,062 | - | - | - | - | 2,062 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends of $0.04 per share |
- | - | - | - | - | - | (3,149 | ) | - | - | (3,149 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discount accretion and other adjustment on preferred stock |
- | 3,588 | - | - | - | - | (3,588 | ) | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
- | - | - | - | - | - | (12,900 | ) | - | (605 | ) | (13,505 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in other comprehensive loss |
- | - | - | - | - | 9,197 | - | - | 9,197 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 117,438 | - | 605 | 118,043 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2012 |
258,000 | 254,580 | 78,778,288 | 830 | 768,925 | 465 | 721,993 | (125,736 | ) | 8,447 | 1,629,504 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
- | - | 25,984 | - | 605 | - | - | - | - | 605 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redemption of Series B Preferred Stock |
(258,000 | ) | (258,000 | ) | - | - | (302 | ) | - | - | - | - | (258,302 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redemption of noncontrolling interest |
- | - | - | - | (191 | ) | - | - | - | (8,447 | ) | (8,638 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock units vested |
- | - | 138,220 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock salary |
- | - | 52,431 | 1 | 1,106 | - | - | - | - | 1,107 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised |
- | - | 594,946 | 6 | 14,749 | - | - | - | - | 14,755 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax short-fall from stock options |
- | - | - | - | (2,509 | ) | - | - | - | - | (2,509 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock -based compensation |
- | - | - | - | 2,106 | - | - | - | - | 2,106 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends of $0.08 per share |
- | - | - | - | - | - | (6,342 | ) | - | - | (6,342 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discount accretion and other adjustment on preferred stock |
- | 3,420 | - | - | - | - | (3,420 | ) | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
- | - | - | - | - | - | (6,265 | ) | - | (592 | ) | (6,857 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in other comprehensive loss |
- | - | - | - | - | (30,194 | ) | - | - | - | (30,194 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 123,143 | - | 592 | 123,735 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2013 |
- | $ | - | 79,589,869 | $ | 838 | $ | 784,489 | $ | (29,729 | ) | $ | 829,109 | $ | (125,736 | ) | $ | - | $ | 1,458,971 |
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements .
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities |
||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 123,735 | $ | 118,043 | $ | 100,755 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||
(Reversal)/Provision for credit losses |
(3,000 | ) | (9,000 | ) | 27,000 | |||||||
(Reversal)/Provision for losses on other real estate owned |
(2,122 | ) | 10,668 | 10,385 | ||||||||
Deferred tax (benefit)/liability |
(15,114 | ) | 4,784 | 13,808 | ||||||||
Depreciation |
6,690 | 5,939 | 6,079 | |||||||||
Net gains on sale and transfers of other real estate owned |
(1,793 | ) | (369 | ) | (5,243 | ) | ||||||
Net gains on sale of loans |
(879 | ) | (633 | ) | (3,354 | ) | ||||||
Net gains on sale of loans held for sale |
- | - | (88 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of loans |
42,573 | 59,589 | 46,377 | |||||||||
Originations of loans held for sale |
(41,694 | ) | (58,930 | ) | (14,027 | ) | ||||||
Decrease in unrealized loss from interest rate swaps |
- | (2,634 | ) | (3,874 | ) | |||||||
Purchase of trading securities |
(234 | ) | (163 | ) | (745 | ) | ||||||
Write-down on venture capital and other investments |
409 | 309 | 379 | |||||||||
Write-down on impaired securities |
- | 181 | 200 | |||||||||
Gain on sales and calls of securities |
(27,362 | ) | (18,025 | ) | (21,131 | ) | ||||||
Other non-cash interest expense/(income) |
1,100 | (200 | ) | (480 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of security premiums, net |
4,425 | 5,306 | 4,233 | |||||||||
Amortization of other intangible assets |
4,657 | 5,798 | 5,965 | |||||||||
Excess tax short-fall from stock options |
2,509 | 620 | 290 | |||||||||
Stock based and stock issued to officers compensation expense |
3,213 | 2,850 | 1,758 | |||||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
(592 | ) | (605 | ) | (605 | ) | ||||||
Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets |
23,525 | 43,304 | 2,622 | |||||||||
Net change in other liabilities |
(4,973 | ) | (2,256 | ) | 3,746 | |||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
115,073 | 164,576 | 174,050 | |||||||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities |
||||||||||||
Increase in short-term investments |
(104,955 | ) | (117,027 | ) | (88,634 | ) | ||||||
Decrease in securities purchased under agreements to resell |
- | - | 110,000 | |||||||||
Purchase of investment securities available-for-sale |
(350,130 | ) | (517,513 | ) | (571,093 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from maturity and call of investment securities available-for-sale |
180,088 | 552,099 | 435,000 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sale of investment securities available-for-sale |
575,358 | 60,951 | 524,958 | |||||||||
Purchase of mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale |
(676,529 | ) | (680,388 | ) | (541,356 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from repayment and sale of mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale |
669,658 | 619,169 | 868,023 | |||||||||
Purchase of mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity |
- | - | (480,083 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from maturity and call of investment securities held-to-maturity |
50,973 | 376,981 | 163,855 | |||||||||
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
16,272 | 11,717 | 10,884 | |||||||||
Net increase in loans |
(676,245 | ) | (395,743 | ) | (362,054 | ) | ||||||
Purchase of premises and equipment |
(6,182 | ) | (3,108 | ) | (2,888 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned |
19,411 | 47,866 | 61,406 | |||||||||
Net increase in investment in affordable housing |
(9,525 | ) | (1,540 | ) | (968 | ) | ||||||
Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities |
(311,806 | ) | (46,536 | ) | 127,050 | |||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities |
||||||||||||
Net change in deposits |
596,964 | 154,275 | 237,768 | |||||||||
Net decrease in federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
(450,000 | ) | (150,000 | ) | (161,000 | ) | ||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank |
2,402,000 | 531,200 | 4,734,000 | |||||||||
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings |
(2,027,000 | ) | (610,000 | ) | (5,059,000 | ) | ||||||
Cash dividends |
(12,606 | ) | (16,049 | ) | (16,046 | ) | ||||||
Redemption of Series B preferred stock |
(258,000 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Redemption of noncontrolling interest |
(8,638 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Repayment of subordinated debt |
(50,000 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Repayment of other borrowings |
- | (880 | ) | (7,584 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from shares issued to Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
605 | 291 | 287 | |||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
14,755 | 764 | 1,306 | |||||||||
Excess tax short-fall from share-based payment arrangements |
(2,509 | ) | (620 | ) | (290 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities |
205,571 | (91,019 | ) | (270,559 | ) | |||||||
Increase in cash and cash equivalents |
8,838 | 27,021 | 30,541 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year |
144,909 | 117,888 | 87,347 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year |
$ | 153,747 | $ | 144,909 | $ | 117,888 |
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements .
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS-(Continued)
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |
||||||||||||
Cash paid during the year for: |
||||||||||||
Interest |
$ | 84,848 | $ | 112,411 | $ | 142,644 | ||||||
Income taxes |
$ | 55,521 | $ | 36,083 | $ | 53,148 | ||||||
Non-cash investing and financing activities: |
||||||||||||
Net change in unrealized holding (loss)/gain on securities available-for-sale, net of tax |
$ | (30,194 | ) | $ | 9,197 | $ | (7,710 | ) | ||||
Transfers to investment securities available-for-sale at fair value |
$ | 722,466 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
Transfers to other real estate owned from loans held for investment |
$ | 22,171 | $ | 14,389 | $ | 83,941 | ||||||
Transfers to other real estate owned from loans held for sale |
$ | - | $ | - | $ | 2,874 | ||||||
Loans transferred to loans held for sale |
$ | - | $ | 15,986 | $ | 4,399 | ||||||
Loans transferred to loans held for investment from held for sale |
$ | - | $ | 500 | $ | - | ||||||
Loans to facilitate the sale of other real estate owned |
$ | 75 | $ | 1,785 | $ | 7,472 | ||||||
Loans to facilitate the sale of loans |
$ | - | $ | - | $ | 6,094 |
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Cathay General Bancorp (the “Bancorp”), a Delaware corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cathay Bank (the “Bank”), a California state-chartered bank, six limited partnerships investing in affordable housing projects, and GBC Venture Capital, Inc. (together, the “Company”). All significant inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and general practices within the banking industry.
Organization and Background. The business activities of the Bancorp consist primarily of the operations of the Bank, which owns 100% of the common securities of the following subsidiaries: Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust, GBC Real Estate Investments, Inc., Cathay Holdings LLC, Cathay Holdings 2, LLC, Cathay Holdings 3, LLC, Cathay Community Development Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, Cathay New Asia Community Development Corporation. The Bank dissolved Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust on December 23, 2013.
There are limited operating business activities currently at the Bancorp. The Bank is a commercial bank, servicing primarily the individuals, professionals, and small to medium-sized businesses in the local markets in which its branches are located. Its operations include the acceptance of checking, savings, and time deposits, and the making of commercial, real estate , and consumer loans. The Bank also offers trade financing, letters of credit, wire transfer, foreign currency spot and forward contracts, Internet banking, investment services, and other customary banking services to its customers.
Use of Estimates. The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP requires management of the Company to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimates subject to change relate to the allowance for loan losses, goodwill impairment assessment, other-than-temporary impairment analysis on investments, fair value disclosures, and the fair value of options granted. The more significant of these policies are described below.
Concentrations. The Bank was incorporated in California and started its business from California. Therefore, loans originated and deposits solicited were mainly from California. As of December 31, 2013, gross loans were primarily comprised of 49.8% of commercial mortgage loans and 28.4% of commercial loans. As of December 31, 2013, approximately 59% of the Bank’s residential mortgages were for properties located in California. Total deposits were comprised of 39.3% of time deposit of $100,000 or more (Jumbo CDs) at December 31, 2013, and approximately 67.7% of the Company’s Jumbo CDs have been on deposit with the Company for two years or more.
Allowance for Loan Losses. The determination of the amount of the provision for loan losses charged to operations reflects management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration changes in lending policies and procedures, changes in economic and business conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans, changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management, changes in the volume and severity of past due, non-accrual and adversely classified or graded loans, changes in the quality of the loan review system, changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and the effect of competition, legal and regulatory requirements, and other external factors. The nature of the process by which loan losses is determined and the appropriate allowance for loan losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. The allowance is increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by charge-offs when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan is confirmed.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. A weakening of the economy or other factors that adversely affect asset quality could result in an increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies, or defaults, and a higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for loan losses in future periods.
The total allowance for loan losses consists of two components: specific allowances and general allowances. To determine the adequacy of the allowance in each of these two components, two primary methodologies are employed, the individual loan review analysis methodology and the classification migration methodology. These methodologies support the basis for determining allocations between the various loan categories and the overall adequacy of our allowance to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. These methodologies are further supported by additional analysis of relevant factors such as the historical losses in the portfolio, and environmental factors which include trends in delinquency and non-accrual, and other significant factors, such as the national and local economy, the volume and composition of the portfolio, strength of management and loan staff, underwriting standards, and the concentration of credit.
The Bank’s management allocates a specific allowance for “Impaired Credits,” in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Section 310-10-35. For non-Impaired Credits, a general allowance is established for those loans internally classified and risk graded Pass, Minimally Acceptable, Special Mention, or Substandard based on historical losses in the specific loan portfolio and a reserve based on environmental factors determined for that loan group. The level of the general allowance is established to provide coverage for management’s estimate of the credit risk in the loan portfolio by various loan segments not covered by the specific allowance.
Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell. The Company purchases securities under agreements to resell with various terms. These agreements are collateralized by agency securities and mortgage backed securities that are generally held by a third party custodian. The purchases are over-collateralized to ensure against unfavorable market price movements. In the event that the fair market value of the securities decreases below the collateral requirements under the related repurchase agreements, the counterparty is required to deliver additional securities. The counterparties to these agreements are nationally recognized investment banking firms that meet credit eligibility criteria and with whom a master repurchase agreement has been duly executed.
Securities. Securities are classified as held-to-maturity when management has the ability and intent to hold these securities until maturity. Securities are classified as available-for-sale when management intends to hold the securities for an indefinite period of time, or when the securities may be utilized for tactical asset/liability purposes, and may be sold from time to time to manage interest rate exposure and resultant prepayment risk and liquidity needs. Securities are classified as trading securities when management intends to sell the securities in the near term. Securities purchased are designated as held-to-maturity , available-for-sale, or trading securities at the time of acquisition.
Securities held-to-maturity are stated at cost, adjusted for the amortization of premiums and the accretion of discounts on a level-yield basis. The carrying value of these assets is not adjusted for temporary declines in fair value since the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Securities available-for-sale are carried at fair value, and any unrealized holding gains or losses are excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of tax, in accumulated other comprehensive income until realized. Realized gains or losses are determined on the specific identification method. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted as adjustment of yield on a level-yield basis.
ASC Topic 320 requires an entity to assess whether the entity has the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. If either of these conditions is met, an entity must recognize an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”). If an entity does not intend to sell the debt security and will not be required to sell the debt security, the entity must consider whether it will recover the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis of the security, OTTI shall be considered to have occurred. OTTI is then separated into the amount of the total impairment related to credit losses and the amount of the total impairment related to all other factors. An entity determines the impairment related to credit losses by comparing the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security. OTTI related to the credit loss is then recognized in earnings. OTTI related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. OTTI not related to the credit loss for a held-to-maturity security should be recognized separately in a new category of other comprehensive income and amortized over the remaining life of the debt security as an increase in the carrying value of the security only when the entity does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell the security before recovery of its remaining amortized cost basis. The Company has both the ability and the intent to hold and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell those securities with unrealized losses before recovery of their amortized cost basis.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Trading securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included in income.
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) Stock. As a member of the FHLB system the Bank is required to maintain an investment in the capital stock of the FHLB. The amount of investment is also affected by the outstanding advances under the line of credit the Bank maintains with the FHLB. FHLB stock is carried at cost and is pledged as collateral to the FHLB. FHLB stock is periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. The carrying amount of the FHLB stock was $25.0 million at December 31, 2013, and $41.3 million at December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2013, the Company owned 250,000 shares of FHLB stock , which was the minimum stock requirement based on outstanding FHLB borrowings of $521.2 million.
Loans. Loans are carried at amounts advanced, less principal payments collected and net deferred loan fees. Interest is accrued and earned daily on an actual or 360-day basis. Interest accruals on business loans and non-residential real estate loans are generally discontinued whenever the payment of interest or principal is 90 days or more past due, based on contractual terms. Such loans are placed on non-accrual status, unless the loan is well secured, and there is a high probability of recovery in full, as determined by management. When loans are placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed and charged against current income , and subsequent payments received are generally first applied toward the outstanding principal balance of the loan. The loan is generally returned to accrual status when the borrower has brought the past due principal and interest payments current and, in the opinion of management, the borrower has demonstrated the ability to make future payments of principal and interest as scheduled. A non -accrual loan may also be returned to accrual status if all principal and interest contractually due are reasonably assured of repayment within a reasonable period and there has been a sustained period of payment performance, generally six months. Loan origination fees and commitment fees, offset by certain direct loan origination costs, are deferred and recognized over the contractual life of the loan as a yield adjustment. The amortization utilizes the interest method. If a loan is placed on non-accrual status, the amortization of the loan fees and the accretion of discounts are discontinued until the loan is returned to accruing status.
Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value. Gains and losses are recorded in non-interest income based on the difference between sales proceeds, net of sales commissions, and carrying value.
Loans Acquired Through Transfer. Loans acquired through the completion of a transfer, including loans acquired in a business combination, that have evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it is probable, at acquisition, that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payment, receivables are initially recorded at fair value (as determined by the present value of expected future cash flows) with no valuation allowance. The difference between the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the loan, or the “accretable yield,” is recognized as interest income on a level-yield method over the life of the loan. Contractually required payments for interest and principal that exceed the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition, or the “nonaccretable difference,” are not recognized as a yield adjustment or as a loss accrual or a valuation allowance. Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the initial investment are recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the loan over its remaining life. Decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment. Valuation allowance on these impaired loans reflect only losses incurred after the acquisition.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Impaired Loans. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due (i.e. both principal and interest) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The measurement of impairment may be based on (1) the present value of the expected future cash flows of the impaired loan discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate, (2) the observable market price of the impaired loan or (3) the fair value of the collateral of a collateral-dependent loan. The amount by which the recorded investment in the loan exceeds the measure of the impaired loan is recognized by recording a valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses. The Company stratifies its loan portfolio by size and treats smaller non-performing loans with an outstanding balance based on the Company’s defined criteria, generally where the loan amount is $500,000 or less, as a homogenous portfolio. Once a loan has been identified as a possible problem loan, the Company conducts a periodic review of such loan in order to test for impairment. When loans are placed on an impaired status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed against current income and subsequent payments received are generally first applied toward the outstanding principal balance of the loan.
Troubled Debt Restructured Loan (“TDR”). A TDR is a formal modification of the terms of a loan when the lender, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction in the stated interest rate, reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, or extension of the maturity date . Although these loan modifications are considered TDRs, accruing TDR loans have, pursuant to the Bank’s policy, performed under the restructured terms and have demonstrated sustained performance under the modified terms for six months before being returned to accrual status. The sustained performance considered by management pursuant to its policy includes the periods prior to the modification if the prior performance met or exceeded the modified terms. This would include cash paid by the borrower prior to the restructure to set up interest reserves. Loans classified as TDRs are reported as impaired loans.
Unfunded Loan Commitments. Unfunded loan commitments are generally related to providing credit facilities to clients of the Bank, and are not actively traded financial instruments. These unfunded commitments are disclosed as off-balance sheet financial instruments in Note 14 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Letter of Credit Fees. Issuance and commitment fees received for the issuance of commercial or standby letters of credit are recognized over the term of the instruments.
Premises and Equipment. Premises and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives of the assets:
Type |
Estimated Useful Life |
||||
Buildings (years) |
15 |
to | 45 | ||
Building improvements (years) |
5 |
to | 20 | ||
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment (years) |
3 |
to | 25 | ||
Leasehold improvements |
Shorter of useful lives or the terms of the leases |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Improvements are capitalized and amortized to occupancy expense based on the above table. Construction in process is carried at cost and includes land acquisition cost, architectural fees, general contractor fees, capitalized interest and other costs related directly to the construction of a property.
Other Real Estate Owned. Real estate acquired in the settlement of loans is initially recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Specific valuation allowances on other real estate owned are recorded through charges to operations to recognize declines in fair value subsequent to foreclosure. Gains on sales are recognized when certain criteria relating to the buyer’s initial and continuing investment in the property are met.
Investments in Affordable Housing. The Company is a limited partner in limited partnerships that invest in low-income housing projects that qualify for Federal and/or State income tax credits. As further discussed in Note 7, the partnership interests are accounted for utilizing the equity method of accounting. As of December 31, 2013, six of the limited partnerships in which the Company has an equity interest were determined to be variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company therefore consolidated the financial statements of these six limited partnerships into its Consolidated Financial Statements.
Investments in Venture Capital. The Company invests in limited partnerships that invest in nonpublic companies. These are commonly referred to as venture capital investments. These limited partnership interests represent ownership of less than 5% and are carried under the cost method with other-than-temporary impairment charged against net income.
Goodwill and Goodwill Impairment. Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead are tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 350. ASC Topic 350 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, formerly, SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.”
The Company’s policy is to assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis or between annual assessments if a triggering event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Accounting standards require management to estimate the fair value of each reporting unit in making the assessment of impairment at least annually.
The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in ASC Topic 350. The two-step impairment testing process conducted by us, if needed, begins by assigning net assets and goodwill to our reporting units. The Company then completes “step one” of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined based on the discussion below) with the recorded book value (or “carrying amount”) of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and “step two” of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment. Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the “implied fair value” of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming that all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill. This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The Company has identified two reporting units for its business: the Commercial Lending unit and the Retail Banking unit. The reporting unit fair values were determined based on an equal weighting of (1) a market approach using a combination of price to earnings multiples determined based on a representative peer group applied to 2013 and forecasted 2014 and 2015 earnings, and a price to book multiple and (2) a dividend discount model with the discount rate determined using the same representative peer group. A control premium was then applied to the unit fair values so determined as of December 31, 2013. As a result of this analysis, the Company determined that there was no goodwill impairment at December 31, 2013 as the fair value of all reporting units exceeded the current carrying amount of the units. No assurance can be given that goodwill will not be written down in future periods.
Prior to the Company’s reorganization which was effective October 1, 2013, the Company had identified three reporting units for its business, the Commercial Lending unit, the Retail Banking unit and the East Coast Operations unit. As a result of the Company’s reorganization, the activities of the East Coast Operations unit were assigned to the Commercial Lending unit and the Retail Banking unit and the $81 million of goodwill previously assigned to the East Coast Operations unit was allocated to the Commercial Lending unit and the Retail Banking unit in proportion to the fair value of the activities assigned to such units.
Core Deposit Premium. Core deposit premium, which represents the purchase price over the fair value of the deposits acquired from other financial institutions, is amortized over its estimated useful life to its residual value in proportion to the economic benefits consumed. If a pattern of consumption cannot be reliably determined, straight-line amortization is used. The Company assesses the recoverability of this intangible asset by determining whether the amortization of the premium balance over its remaining life can be recovered through the remaining deposit portfolio and amortizes core deposit premium over its estimated useful life.
At December 31, 2013, the unamortized balance of core deposit premium was $882,000 compared to $4.9 million at December 31, 2012. Aggregate amortization expense for core deposit premium was $4.5 million for 2013, $5.7 million for 2012, and $5.9 million for 2011.
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase. The Company sells certain securities under agreements to repurchase. The agreements are treated as collateralized financing transactions and the obligations to repurchase securities sold are reflected as a liability in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The securities underlying the agreements remain in the applicable asset accounts.
Stock-Based Compensation. Stock option compensation expense is calculated based on the fair value of the award at the grant date for those options expected to vest, and is recognized as an expense over the vesting period of the grant using the straight-line method. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the value of granted options. This model takes into account the option exercise price, the expected life, the current price of the underlying stock, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock, expected dividends on the stock and a risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the expected volatility based on the Company’s historical stock prices for the period corresponding to the expected life of the stock options. Restricted stock units are valued at the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant. Stock-based compensation is recognized ratably over the requisite service period for all awards.
Foreign Exchange Forwards and Foreign Currency Option Contracts. We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts with correspondent banks to mitigate the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates for foreign currency certificates of deposit, foreign exchange contracts or foreign currency option contracts entered into with our clients. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the fair value of these contracts as well as the related foreign currency certificates of deposit, foreign exchange contracts or foreign currency option contracts, are recognized immediately in net income as a component of non-interest income. Period end gross positive fair values are recorded in other assets and gross negative fair values are recorded in other liabilities.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes is based on income reported for financial statement purposes, and differs from the amount of taxes currently payable, since certain income and expense items are reported for financial statement purposes in different periods than those for tax reporting purposes. The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, the objective of which is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts are realized or settled. A valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Comprehensive Income/(loss). Comprehensive income/(loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income/(loss) generally includes net income/(loss), foreign currency translation adjustments, minimum pension liability adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on investments in securities available-for-sale, and cash flow hedges. Comprehensive income/(loss) and its components are reported and displayed in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss).
Net Income per Common Share. Earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed on a basic and diluted basis. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shares in the earnings of the Company. Potential dilution is excluded from computation of diluted per-share amounts when a net loss from operations exists.
Foreign Currency Translation. The Company considers the functional currency of its foreign operations to be the United States dollar. Accordingly, the Company remeasures monetary assets and liabilities at year-end exchange rates, while nonmonetary items are remeasured at historical rates. Income and expense accounts are remeasured at the average rates in effect during the year, except for depreciation, which is remeasured at historical rates. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized in income in the period of occurrence.
Statement of Cash Flows. Cash and cash equivalents include short-term highly-liquid investments that generally have an original maturity of three months or less.
Segment Information and Disclosures. Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America establish standards to report information about operating segments in annual financial statements and require reporting of selected information about operating segments in interim reports to stockholders. It also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The Company has concluded it has one operating segment.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2013, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2013-01, “ Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities .” ASU No. 2013-01 clarifies that the scope of Update 2011-11 applies to derivatives, repurchase agreements, and securities lending transactions to the extent that they are either offset in the financial statements or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. ASU 2013-01 became effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Adoption of ASU 2013-01 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. See Note 23 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the disclosure of adoption of ASU 2013-01.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02 “ Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income .” ASU 2013-02 amends Topic 220, “Comprehensive Income,” to improve the reporting of reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments do not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements. However, the amendments require an entity to provide information about the amounts reclassified and to present significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income. ASU 2013-02 became effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. Adoption of ASU 2013-02 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. See Note 13 to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the disclosure of adoption of ASU 2013-02.
In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11 “ Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists .” ASU 2013-11 amends Topic 740, “ Income Taxes ,” to eliminate the diversity on the financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit. An unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward. However , to the extent a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date to settle any additional income taxes, the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets. ASU 2013-11 became effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. Adoption of ASU 2013-11 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
2. Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company manages its cash and cash equivalents, which consist of cash on hand, amounts due from banks, federal funds sold, and short-term investments with original maturity of three months or less, based upon the Company’s operating, investment, and financing activities. For the purpose of reporting cash flows, these same accounts are included in cash and cash equivalents.
The Company is required to maintain reserves with the Federal Reserve Bank. Reserve requirements are based on a percentage of deposit liabilities. The average reserve balances required were $6.5 million for 2013 and $12.9 million for 2012.
3 . Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell
Securities purchased under agreements to resell are usually collateralized by U.S. government agency and mortgage-backed securities. The counter-parties to these agreements are nationally recognized investment banking firms that meet credit requirements of the Company and with whom a master repurchase agreement has been duly executed.
For those securities obtained under the resale agreements, the collateral is either held by a third party custodian or by the counter party and is segregated under written agreements that recognize the Company’s interest in the securities. Interest income associated with securities purchased under resale agreements was zero for 2013, $18,000 for 2012 and $83,000 for 2011.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
4 . Investment Securities
Investment Securities. The following tables reflect the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses , and fair values of investment securities as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 460,095 | $ | 99 | $ | 1 | $ | 460,193 | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
1,010,294 | 7,049 | 64,529 | 952,814 | ||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
5,929 | 231 | 54 | 6,106 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
123 | - | - | 123 | ||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
154,955 | 298 | 4,949 | 150,304 | ||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
6,000 | - | 275 | 5,725 | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities |
569 | 10,834 | - | 11,403 | ||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 1,637,965 | $ | 18,511 | $ | 69,808 | $ | 1,586,668 | ||||||||
Total investment securities | $ | 1,637,695 | $ | 18,511 | $ | 69,808 | $ | 1,586,668 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity |
||||||||||||||||
State and municipal securities |
$ | 129,037 | $ | 9,268 | $ | - | $ | 138,305 | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
634,757 | 40,801 | - | 675,558 | ||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
9,974 | 69 | - | 10,043 | ||||||||||||
Total securities held-to-maturity |
$ | 773,768 | $ | 50,138 | $ | - | $ | 823,906 | ||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 509,748 | $ | 228 | $ | 5 | $ | 509,971 | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
404,505 | 12,194 | 5 | 416,694 | ||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
9,772 | 430 | 34 | 10,168 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
145 | - | 4 | 141 | ||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
349,973 | 106 | 14,102 | 335,977 | ||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
6,000 | 79 | - | 6,079 | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities |
569 | 1,766 | - | 2,335 | ||||||||||||
Trust preferred securities |
9,964 | 151 | - | 10,115 | ||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 1,290,676 | $ | 14,954 | $ | 14,150 | $ | 1,291,480 | ||||||||
Total investment securities |
$ | 2,064,444 | $ | 65,092 | $ | 14,150 | $ | 2,115,386 |
The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities at December 31, 2013, by contractual maturities are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or repayment penalties.
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Due in one year or less |
$ | 460,106 | $ | 460,204 | ||||
Due after one year through five years |
80,769 | 82,079 | ||||||
Due after five years through ten years |
112,654 | 108,840 | ||||||
Due after ten years (1) |
984,436 | 935,545 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 1,637,965 | $ | 1,586,668 |
|
(1) |
Equity securities are reported in this category |
During the first quarter of 2013, due to the ongoing discussions regarding corporate income tax rates which could have a negative impact on the after-tax yields and fair values of the Company’s portfolio of municipal securities, the Company determined it may sell such securities in response to market conditions. As a result, the Company reclassified its municipal securities from securities held-to-maturity to securities available-for-sale. Concurrent with this reclassification, the Company also reclassified all other securities held-to-maturity, which together with the municipal securities had an amortized cost on the date of transfer of $722.5 million, to securities available-for-sale. At the reclassification date, a net unrealized gain was recorded in other comprehensive income for these securities totaling $40.5 million.
Proceeds from sales of mortgage-backed securities were $456.4 million and repayments, maturities and calls of mortgage-backed securities were $213.2 million during 2013 compared to proceeds from sales of $501.1 million and repayments, maturities and calls of $118.1 million during 2012, and proceeds from sales of $759.7 million and repayments, maturities and calls of $108.4 million during 2011. Proceeds from sales of other investment securities were $575.4 million during 2013 compared to $61.0 million during 2012 and $525.0 million during 2011. Proceeds from maturity and calls of investment securities were $231.1 million during 2013 compared to $552.1 million during 2012 and $435.0 million during 2011. In 2013, gains of $29.0 million and losses of $1.6 million were realized on sales and calls of investment securities compared with $18.6 million in gains and $607,000 in losses realized in 2012, and $21.1 million in gains and no losses realized in 2011.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
At December 31, 2013, all of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities were rated as investment grade except for three non-agency issues. Total unrealized losses of $64.5 million from all mortgage-backed securities resulted from increases in interest rates subsequent to the date that these securities were purchased. The Company's unrealized loss on investments in corporate bonds relates to nine issues of investments in bonds of financial institutions, all of which were investment grade at the date of acquisition and as of December 31, 2013. The unrealized losses were primarily caused by the widening of credit and liquidity spreads since the dates of acquisition. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuers to settle the security at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. The Company currently does not believe it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the investments. Therefore, it is expected that these mortgage-backed securities and corporate bonds would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the Company does not intend to sell and would not be required to sell these investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, it does not consider its investments in these mortgaged-backed securities and corporate bonds to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2013.
The temporarily impaired securities represent 62.0% of the fair value of investment securities as of December 31, 2013. Unrealized losses for securities with unrealized losses for less than twelve months represent 6.9%, and securities with unrealized losses for twelve months or more represent 4.7%, of the historical cost of these securities. Unrealized losses on these securities generally resulted from increases in interest rates, credit spreads or liquidity discounts subsequent to the date that these securities were purchased. At December 31, 2013, 19 issues of securities had unrealized losses for 12 months or longer and 30 issues of securities had unrealized losses of less than 12 months.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
At December 31, 2013, management believed the impairment was temporary and, accordingly, no impairment loss has been recognized in our consolidated statements of operations. We expect to recover the amortized cost basis of our debt securities, and have no intent to sell and will not be required to sell available-for-sale debt securities that have declined below their cost before their anticipated recovery. The tables below show the fair value, unrealized losses, and number of issuances of the temporarily impaired securities in our investment securities portfolio as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Temporarily Impaired Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 12 months |
12 months or longer |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 75,064 | $ | 1 | 1 | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | 75,064 | $ | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
792,012 | 64,526 | 25 | 272 | 2 | 7 | 792,284 | 64,528 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities-Non-agency |
94 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | 94 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
68 | 4 | 2 | 301 | 50 | 3 | 369 | 54 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
9,970 | 30 | 1 | 100,081 | 4,919 | 8 | 110,051 | 4,949 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
- | - | - | 5,724 | 275 | 1 | 5,724 | 275 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 877,208 | $ | 64,562 | 30 | $ | 106,378 | $ | 5,246 | 19 | $ | 983,586 | $ | 69,808 | 49 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Temporarily Impaired Securities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 12 months |
12 months or longer |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
Fair Value |
Unrealized Losses |
No. of Issuances |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Held-to-Maturity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total securities held-to-maturity |
$ | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Securities Available-for-Sale |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury securities |
$ | 49,969 | $ | 5 | 1 | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | 49,969 | $ | 5 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
231 | 1 | 2 | 170 | 1 | 6 | 401 | 2 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities-Non-agency |
- | - | - | 96 | 2 | 1 | 96 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
- | - | - | 439 | 35 | 4 | 439 | 35 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
- | - | - | 141 | 4 | 1 | 141 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
52,468 | 2,532 | 4 | 253,430 | 11,570 | 22 | 305,898 | 14,102 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
$ | 102,668 | $ | 2,538 | 7 | $ | 254,276 | $ | 11,612 | 34 | $ | 356,944 | $ | 14,150 | 41 |
Investment securities having a carrying value of $926.5 million at December 31, 2013, and $1.45 billion at December 31, 2012, were pledged to secure public deposits, other borrowings, treasury tax and loan, Federal Home Loan Bank advances , securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and foreign exchange transactions.
5. Loans
Most of the Company’s business activity is predominately with Asian customers located in Southern and Northern California; New York City; Houston and Dallas, Texas; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; Edison, New Jersey; Nevada; and Hong Kong . The Company has no specific industry concentration, and generally its loans are collateralized with real property or other pledged collateral of the borrowers. Loans are generally expected to be paid off from the operating profits of the borrowers, refinancing by another lender, or through sale by the borrowers of the secured collateral.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The components of loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012, were as follows:
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Type of Loans: |
||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 2,298,724 | $ | 2,127,107 | ||||
Real estate construction loans |
221,701 | 180,950 | ||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
4,023,051 | 3,768,452 | ||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
1,355,255 | 1,146,230 | ||||||
Equity lines |
171,277 | 193,852 | ||||||
Installment and other loans |
14,555 | 12,556 | ||||||
Gross loans |
8,084,563 | 7,429,147 | ||||||
Less: |
||||||||
Allowance for loan losses |
(173,889 | ) | (183,322 | ) | ||||
Unamortized deferred loan fees |
(13,487 | ) | (10,238 | ) | ||||
Total loans and leases, net |
$ | 7,897,187 | $ | 7,235,587 |
The Company pledged real estate loans of $1.6 billion at December 31, 2013 , and $1.6 billion at December 31, 2012, to the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco under its specific pledge program. In addition, the Bank pledged $119.1 million at December 31, 2013, and $211.6 million at December 31, 2012, of its commercial loans to the Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window under the Borrower-in-Custody program.
Loans serviced for others as of December 31, 2013, totaled $197.6 million and were comprised of $53.3 million of commercial loans, $13.3 million of commercial real estate loans, $12.0 million of construction loans, and $119.0 million of residential mortgages.
The Company has entered into transactions with its directors, executive officers, or principal holders of its equity securities, or the associates of such persons (“Related Parties”). Such transactions were made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with customers who are not related parties. In management’s opinion, these transactions did not involve more than normal credit risk or present other unfavorable features. All loans to Related Parties were current as of December 31, 2013. In July 2011, the Bank sold a participation in a substandard real estate loan to a Related Party for $24.5 million, which represented 98% of the contractual balance. In March 2012, the Bank sold participations in two substandard real estate loans to the same Related Party for $7.9 million, which represented 92.5% of the contractual balance. An analysis of the activity with respect to loans to Related Parties for the years indicated is as follows:
December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
$ | 172,584 | $ | 160,069 | ||||
Additional loans made |
64,063 | 92,249 | ||||||
Payment received |
(109,662 | ) | (79,734 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of year |
$ | 126,985 | $ | 172,584 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
At December 31, 2013, recorded investment in impaired loans totaled $200.8 million and was comprised of nonaccrual loans of $83.2 million and accruing TDR’s of $117.6 million. At December 31, 2012, recorded investment in impaired loans totaled $248.6 million and was comprised of nonaccrual loans of $103.9 million and accruing TDR’s of $144.7 million. The average balance of impaired loans was $221.2 million in 2013 and $277.8 million in 2012. We considered all non-accrual loans and troubled debt restructurings ("TDR") to be impaired. Interest recognized on impaired loans totaled $5.6 million in 2013 and $9.3 million in 2012 . The Bank recognizes interest income on impaired loans based on its existing method of recognizing interest income on non-accrual loans except accruing TDRs. For impaired loans, the amounts previously charged off represent 23.9% at December 31, 2013, and 23.2% at December 31, 2012, of the contractual balances for impaired loans. The following table presents impaired loans and the related allowance as of the dates indicated:
Impaired Loans |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2013 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unpaid Principal Balance |
Recorded Investment |
Allowance |
Unpaid Principal Balance |
Recorded Investment |
Allowance |
|||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
With no allocated allowance |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 20,992 | $ | 18,905 | $ | - | $ | 29,359 | $ | 18,963 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
25,401 | 15,097 | - | 9,304 | 7,277 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
105,593 | 78,930 | - | 189,871 | 152,957 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
4,892 | 4,892 | - | 4,303 | 4,229 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 156,878 | $ | 117,824 | $ | - | $ | 232,837 | $ | 183,426 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
With allocated allowance |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 22,737 | $ | 13,063 | $ | 2,519 | $ | 7,804 | $ | 4,959 | $ | 1,467 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
28,475 | 19,323 | 3,460 | 54,718 | 34,856 | 8,158 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
39,223 | 35,613 | 6,584 | 14,163 | 12,928 | 1,336 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
16,535 | 14,957 | 721 | 14,264 | 12,428 | 1,222 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 106,970 | $ | 82,956 | $ | 13,284 | $ | 90,949 | $ | 65,171 | $ | 12,183 | ||||||||||||
Total impaired loans |
$ | 263,848 | $ | 200,780 | $ | 13,284 | $ | 323,786 | $ | 248,597 | $ | 12,183 |
The following table presents the average balance and interest income recognized related to impaired loans for the periods indicated:
For the year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||
Average Recorded Investment |
Interest Income Recognized |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 27,123 | $ | 31,798 | $ | 48,349 | $ | 770 | $ | 580 | $ | 1,053 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
37,875 | 49,094 | 82,529 | 284 | 265 | 940 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
138,121 | 178,822 | 212,555 | 4,256 | 8,221 | 3,101 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
18,033 | 18,062 | 17,920 | 289 | 239 | 236 | ||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
$ | 221,152 | $ | 277,776 | $ | 361,353 | $ | 5,599 | $ | 9,305 | $ | 5,330 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following is a summary of non-accrual loans as of December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 and the related net interest foregone for the years then ended:
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Non-accrual portfolio loans |
$ | 83,183 | $ | 103,902 | $ | 201,197 | ||||||
Non-accrual loans held-for-sale |
- | - | 760 | |||||||||
Total non-accrual loans |
$ | 83,183 | $ | 103,902 | $ | 201,957 | ||||||
Contractual interest due |
$ | 5,851 | $ | 6,621 | $ | 13,049 | ||||||
Interest recognized |
22 | 1,006 | 71 | |||||||||
Net interest foregone |
$ | 5,829 | $ | 5,615 | $ | 12,978 |
The following tables present the aging of the loan portfolio by type as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30-59 Days Past Due |
60-89 Days Past Due |
Greater than 90 Days Past Due |
Non-accrual Loans |
Total Past Due |
Loans Not Past Due |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type of Loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 7,170 | $ | 16,562 | $ | - | $ | 21,232 | $ | 44,964 | $ | 2,253,760 | $ | 2,298,724 | ||||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | - | - | 28,586 | 28,586 | 193,115 | 221,701 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
20,043 | 7,862 | 982 | 19,621 | 48,508 | 3,974,543 | 4,023,051 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
3,508 | 832 | - | 13,744 | 18,084 | 1,508,448 | 1,526,532 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Installment and other loans |
100 | - | - | - | 100 | 14,455 | 14,555 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans |
$ | 30,821 | $ | 25,256 | $ | 982 | $ | 83,183 | $ | 140,242 | $ | 7,944,321 | $ | 8,084,563 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30-59 Days Past Due |
60-89 Days Past Due |
Greater than 90 Days Past Due |
Non-accrual Loans |
Total Past Due |
Loans Not Past Due |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type of Loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 16,832 | $ | 1,610 | $ | 630 | $ | 19,958 | $ | 39,030 | $ | 2,088,077 | $ | 2,127,107 | ||||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | 1,471 | - | 36,299 | 37,770 | 143,180 | 180,950 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
21,570 | 3,627 | - | 35,704 | 60,901 | 3,707,551 | 3,768,452 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
5,324 | 1,972 | - | 11,941 | 19,237 | 1,320,845 | 1,340,082 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Installment and other loans |
- | - | - | - | - | 12,556 | 12,556 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans |
$ | 43,726 | $ | 8,680 | $ | 630 | $ | 103,902 | $ | 156,938 | $ | 7,272,209 | $ | 7,429,147 |
The determination of the amount of the allowance for credit losses for problem loans is based on management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration known relevant internal and external factors that affect collectibility when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for credit losses. The nature of the process by which the Bank determines the appropriate allowance for credit losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. This allowance evaluation process is also applied to TDRs since TDRs are considered to be impaired loans. As a result of adopting the amendments in ASU 2012-02, the Company reassessed all restructurings that occurred on or after January 1, 2011, for identification as TDRs.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
At December 31, 2013, accruing TDRs were $117.6 million and non-accrual TDRs were $38.8 million compared to accruing TDRs of $144.7 million and non-accrual TDRs of $47.7 million at December 31, 2012. The Company has allocated specific reserves of $6.9 million to accruing TDRs and $2.2 million to non-accrual TDRs at December 31, 2013, and $1.1 million to accruing TDRs and $7.8 million to non-accrual TDRs at December 31, 2012. The following table presents TDRs that were modified during 2013, their specific reserve at December 31, 2013, and charge-offs during 2013:
No. of Contracts |
Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |
Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |
Specific Reserve |
Charge-offs |
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
9 | $ | 12,026 | $ | 10,860 | $ | 550 | $ | 1,166 | |||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
5 | 13,090 | 13,090 | 329 | - | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
11 | 3,736 | 3,658 | 103 | 78 | |||||||||||||||
Total |
25 | $ | 28,852 | $ | 27,608 | $ | 982 | $ | 1,244 |
The following table presents TDRs that were modified during 2012, their specific reserve at December 31, 2012, and charge-offs during 2012:
No. of Contracts |
Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |
Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |
Specific Reserve |
Charge-offs |
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
9 | $ | 3,646 | $ | 3,646 | $ | 1,213 | $ | - | |||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
20 | 62,118 | 58,393 | 27 | 3,725 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
14 | 4,305 | 4,223 | 162 | 82 | |||||||||||||||
Total |
43 | $ | 70,069 | $ | 66,262 | $ | 1,402 | $ | 3,807 |
The following table presents TDRs that were modified during 2011, their specific reserve at December 31, 2011, and charge-offs during 2011:
No. of Contracts |
Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |
Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |
Specific Reserve |
Charge-off |
||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
7 | $ | 15,025 | $ | 15,025 | $ | 104 | $ | - | |||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
3 | 33,669 | 21,522 | - | 12,147 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
6 | 17,343 | 14,294 | 1 | 3,049 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
3 | 1,574 | 1,574 | 114 | - | |||||||||||||||
Total |
19 | $ | 67,611 | $ | 52,415 | $ | 219 | $ | 15,196 |
A summary of TDRs by type of concession and by type of loans as of December 31, 2013, December 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, are shown below:
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Accruing TDRs |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
|||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 9,112 | $ | 2,916 | $ | - | $ | 2,708 | $ | 14,736 | ||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | - | - | 5,834 | 5,834 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
11,333 | 9,389 | - | 70,200 | 90,922 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
1,564 | 1,024 | - | 3,517 | 6,105 | |||||||||||||||
Total accruing TDRs |
$ | 22,009 | $ | 13,329 | $ | - | $ | 82,259 | $ | 117,597 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual TDRs |
Interest Deferral |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | - | $ | 2,866 | $ | - | $ | 1,352 | $ | - | $ | 4,218 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | 16,009 | - | - | 9,263 | 25,272 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
1,443 | 2,168 | - | - | 1,843 | 5,454 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
241 | 2,206 | - | - | 1,378 | 3,825 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual TDRs |
$ | 1,684 | $ | 23,249 | $ | - | $ | 1,352 | $ | 12,484 | $ | 38,769 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Accruing TDRs |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
|||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 531 | $ | 3,020 | $ | - | $ | 413 | $ | 3,964 | ||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | - | - | 5,834 | 5,834 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
27,003 | 16,656 | 739 | 85,783 | 130,181 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
1,461 | 1,024 | - | 2,231 | 4,716 | |||||||||||||||
Total accruing TDRs |
$ | 28,995 | $ | 20,700 | $ | 739 | $ | 94,261 | $ | 144,695 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual TDRs |
Interest Deferral |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | - | $ | 912 | $ | - | $ | 1,518 | $ | - | $ | 2,430 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | 16,767 | 9,579 | - | - | 26,346 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
1,685 | 2,817 | 5,746 | - | 5,076 | 15,324 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
275 | 2,010 | 586 | - | 760 | 3,631 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual TDRs |
$ | 1,960 | $ | 22,506 | $ | 15,911 | $ | 1,518 | $ | 5,836 | $ | 47,731 |
As of December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accruing TDRs |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
|||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 12,933 | $ | 1,756 | $ | - | $ | 431 | $ | 15,120 | ||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
16,820 | 9,659 | - | 5,776 | 32,255 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
471 | 37,796 | 2,071 | 28,935 | 69,273 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
1,294 | 587 | - | 1,487 | 3,368 | |||||||||||||||
Total accruing TDRs |
$ | 31,518 | $ | 49,798 | $ | 2,071 | $ | 36,629 | $ | 120,016 |
As of December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual TDRs |
Interest Deferral |
Principal Deferral |
Rate Reduction |
Rate Reduction and Forgiveness of Principal |
Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | - | $ | 616 | $ | 1,859 | $ | 1,506 | $ | - | $ | 3,981 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
- | 13,579 | 12,376 | - | - | 25,955 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
- | 9,727 | - | - | 5,076 | 17,436 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
- | 2,427 | 449 | - | 311 | 3,498 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual TDRs |
$ | - | $ | 26,349 | $ | 14,684 | $ | 1,506 | $ | 5,387 | $ | 50,870 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Troubled debt restructurings on accrual status totaled $117.6 million at December 31, 2013, and were comprised of 64 loans, a decrease of $27.1 million, compared to 61 loans totaling $144.7 million at December 31, 2012. TDRs at December 31, 2013, were comprised of 13 retail shopping and commercial use building loans of $44.2 million, ten office and commercial use building loans of $28.6 million, four hotel loans of $17.2 million, 25 single family residential loans of $20.0 million, two warehouses of $1.6 million, five commercial loans of $5.3 million, and five multi-family residential loans of $748,000. We expect that the troubled debt restructuring loans on accruing status as of December 31, 2013, which are all performing in accordance with their restructured terms, will continue to comply with the restructured terms because of the reduced principal or interest payments on these loans. The comparable TDRs at December 31, 2012, were comprised of 16 retail shopping and commercial use building loans of $68.1 million, 15 office and commercial use building loans of $40.4 million, two hotel loans of $12.4 million, 17 single family residential loans of $19.1 million, two land loans of $2.3 million, six commercial loans of $1.3 million, and three multi-family residential loans of $1.1 million . The activity within our TDR loans for 2013, 2012, and 2011 are shown below:
Accruing TDRs |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
|||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 144,695 | $ | 120,016 | $ | 136,800 | ||||||
New restructurings |
21,382 | 53,958 | 60,863 | |||||||||
Restructured loans restored to accrual status |
6,851 | 8,356 | 709 | |||||||||
Charge-offs |
(78 | ) | (251 | ) | (2,341 | ) | ||||||
Payments |
(52,362 | ) | (5,159 | ) | (46,313 | ) | ||||||
Restructured loans placed on non-accrual |
(2,891 | ) | (32,225 | ) | (28,969 | ) | ||||||
Expiration of loan concession |
- | - | (733 | ) | ||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 117,597 | $ | 144,695 | $ | 120,016 |
Non-accrual TDRs |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
|||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 47,731 | $ | 50,870 | $ | 28,146 | ||||||
New restructurings |
6,226 | 12,304 | 13,269 | |||||||||
Restructured loans placed on non-accrual |
2,891 | 32,225 | 28,969 | |||||||||
Charge-offs |
(2,124 | ) | (4,182 | ) | (7,303 | ) | ||||||
Payments |
(4,295 | ) | (33,931 | ) | (3,355 | ) | ||||||
Foreclosures |
(4,809 | ) | (1,199 | ) | (8,147 | ) | ||||||
Restructured loans restored to accrual status |
(6,851 | ) | (8,356 | ) | (709 | ) | ||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 38,769 | $ | 47,731 | $ | 50,870 |
A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 60 to 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms. There were no loans modified as TDRs during the previous twelve months that subsequently defaulted as of December 31, 2013.
Under the Company’s internal underwriting policy, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification in order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. As of December 31, 2013, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to those borrowers whose loans have been restructured, were considered impaired, or were on non-accrual status.
As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of our loan portfolio, t he Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each loan. Loans are risk rated based on analysis of the current state of the borrower’s credit quality. The analysis of credit quality includes a review of all sources of repayment, the borrower’s current financial and liquidity status and all other relevant information. The risk rating categories can be generally described by the following grouping for non-homogeneous loans:
|
● |
Pass/Watch – These loans range from minimal credit risk to lower than average, but still acceptable, credit risk. |
|
● |
Special Mention – Borrower is fundamentally sound and the loan is currently protected but adverse trends are apparent that , if not corrected, may affect ability to repay. Primary source of loan repayment remains viable but there is increasing reliance on collateral or guarantor support. |
|
● |
Substandard – These loans are inadequately protected by current sound worth, paying capacity or pledged collateral. Well-defined weaknesses exist that could jeopardize repayment of debt. Loss may not be imminent, but if weaknesses are not corrected, there is a good possibility of some loss. |
|
● |
Doubtful – The possibility of loss is extremely high, but due to identifiable and important pending events (which may strengthen the loan) a loss classification is deferred until the situation is better defined. |
|
● |
Loss – These loans are considered uncollectible and of such little value that to continue to carry the loans as an active asset is no longer warranted. |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following tables present loan portfolio by risk rating as of December 31, 2013, and as of December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Pass/Watch |
Special Mention |
Substandard |
Doubtful |
Total |
||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 2,108,191 | $ | 84,786 | $ | 102,088 | $ | 3,659 | $ | 2,298,724 | ||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
184,449 | - | 33,939 | 3,313 | 221,701 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
3,686,788 | 127,436 | 208,827 | - | 4,023,051 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
1,510,647 | - | 15,885 | - | 1,526,532 | |||||||||||||||
Installment and other loans |
14,555 | - | - | - | 14,555 | |||||||||||||||
Total gross loans |
$ | 7,504,630 | $ | 212,222 | $ | 360,739 | $ | 6,972 | $ | 8,084,563 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Pass/Watch |
Special Mention |
Substandard |
Doubtful |
Total |
||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | 1,944,989 | $ | 76,776 | $ | 94,077 | $ | 11,265 | $ | 2,127,107 | ||||||||||
Real estate construction loans |
109,269 | 18,000 | 45,171 | 8,510 | 180,950 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
3,344,783 | 162,455 | 261,214 | - | 3,768,452 | |||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
1,322,768 | 816 | 16,084 | 414 | 1,340,082 | |||||||||||||||
Installment and other loans |
12,556 | - | - | - | 12,556 | |||||||||||||||
Total gross loans |
$ | 6,734,365 | $ | 258,047 | $ | 416,546 | $ | 20,189 | $ | 7,429,147 |
The allowance for loan losses and the reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments are significant estimates that can and do change based on management’s process in analyzing the loan portfolio and on management’s assumptions about specific borrowers, underlying collateral, and applicable economic and environmental conditions, among other factors.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2013, December 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011.
Commercial Loans |
Real Estate Construction Loans |
Commercial Mortgage Loans |
Residential Mortgage and Equity Lines |
Consumer and Other |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans individually evaluated for impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance |
$ | 2,519 | $ | 3,460 | $ | 6,584 | $ | 721 | $ | - | $ | 13,284 | ||||||||||||
Balance |
$ | 31,968 | $ | 34,420 | $ | 114,544 | $ | 19,848 | $ | - | $ | 200,780 | ||||||||||||
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance |
$ | 62,584 | $ | 8,539 | $ | 78,169 | $ | 11,284 | $ | 29 | $ | 160,605 | ||||||||||||
Balance |
$ | 2,266,756 | $ | 187,281 | $ | 3,908,507 | $ | 1,506,684 | $ | 14,555 | $ | 7,883,783 | ||||||||||||
Total allowance |
$ | 65,103 | $ | 11,999 | $ | 84,753 | $ | 12,005 | $ | 29 | $ | 173,889 | ||||||||||||
Total balance |
$ | 2,298,724 | $ | 221,701 | $ | 4,023,051 | $ | 1,526,532 | $ | 14,555 | $ | 8,084,563 | ||||||||||||
December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans individually evaluated for impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance |
$ | 1,467 | $ | 8,158 | $ | 1,336 | $ | 1,222 | $ | - | $ | 12,183 | ||||||||||||
Balance |
$ | 23,922 | $ | 42,133 | $ | 165,885 | $ | 16,657 | $ | - | $ | 248,597 | ||||||||||||
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance |
$ | 64,634 | $ | 14,859 | $ | 81,137 | $ | 10,481 | $ | 28 | $ | 171,139 | ||||||||||||
Balance |
$ | 2,103,185 | $ | 138,817 | $ | 3,602,567 | $ | 1,323,425 | $ | 12,556 | $ | 7,180,550 | ||||||||||||
Total allowance |
$ | 66,101 | $ | 23,017 | $ | 82,473 | $ | 11,703 | $ | 28 | $ | 183,322 | ||||||||||||
Total balance |
$ | 2,127,107 | $ | 180,950 | $ | 3,768,452 | $ | 1,340,082 | $ | 12,556 | $ | 7,429,147 | ||||||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans individually evaluated for impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance |
$ | 3,336 | $ | - | $ | 2,969 | $ | 1,247 | $ | - | $ | 7,552 | ||||||||||||
Balance |
$ | 45,781 | $ | 78,766 | $ | 177,058 | $ | 20,368 | $ | - | $ | 321,973 | ||||||||||||
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance |
$ | 62,322 | $ | 21,749 | $ | 105,052 | $ | 9,548 | $ | 57 | $ | 198,728 | ||||||||||||
Balance |
$ | 1,822,494 | $ | 158,606 | $ | 3,571,839 | $ | 1,166,601 | $ | 17,699 | $ | 6,737,239 | ||||||||||||
Total allowance |
$ | 65,658 | $ | 21,749 | $ | 108,021 | $ | 10,795 | $ | 57 | $ | 206,280 | ||||||||||||
Total balance |
$ | 1,868,275 | $ | 237,372 | $ | 3,748,897 | $ | 1,186,969 | $ | 17,699 | $ | 7,059,212 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.
Commercial Loans |
Real Estate Construction Loans |
Commercial Mortgage Loans |
Residential Mortgage and Equity Lines |
Installment and Other Loans |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 Beginning Balance |
$ | 63,918 | $ | 43,262 | $ | 128,348 | $ | 9,668 | $ | 35 | $ | 245,231 | ||||||||||||
Provision for possible loan losses |
11,711 | 11,514 | 1,454 | 2,392 | 197 | 27,268 | ||||||||||||||||||
Charge-offs |
(11,745 | ) | (37,500 | ) | (26,750 | ) | (1,456 | ) | (175 | ) | (77,626 | ) | ||||||||||||
Recoveries |
1,774 | 4,473 | 4,969 | 191 | - | 11,407 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net Charge-offs |
(9,971 | ) | (33,027 | ) | (21,781 | ) | (1,265 | ) | (175 | ) | (66,219 | ) | ||||||||||||
2011 Ending Balance |
$ | 65,658 | $ | 21,749 | $ | 108,021 | $ | 10,795 | $ | 57 | $ | 206,280 | ||||||||||||
Reserve to impaired loans |
$ | 3,336 | $ | - | $ | 2,969 | $ | 1,247 | $ | - | $ | 7,552 | ||||||||||||
Reserve to non-impaired loans |
$ | 62,322 | $ | 21,749 | $ | 105,052 | $ | 9,548 | $ | 57 | $ | 198,728 | ||||||||||||
Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments |
$ | 816 | $ | 1,103 | $ | 113 | $ | 34 | $ | 3 | $ | 2,069 | ||||||||||||
2012 Beginning Balance |
$ | 65,658 | $ | 21,749 | $ | 108,021 | $ | 10,795 | $ | 57 | $ | 206,280 | ||||||||||||
Provision/(reversal) for possible loan losses |
16,201 | (3,720 | ) | (23,128 | ) | 2,360 | (7 | ) | (8,294 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Charge-offs |
(17,707 | ) | (1,165 | ) | (11,762 | ) | (2,132 | ) | (25 | ) | (32,791 | ) | ||||||||||||
Recoveries |
1,949 | 6,153 | 9,342 | 680 | 3 | 18,127 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net Charge-offs |
(15,758 | ) | 4,988 | (2,420 | ) | (1,452 | ) | (22 | ) | (14,664 | ) | |||||||||||||
2012 Ending Balance |
$ | 66,101 | $ | 23,017 | $ | 82,473 | $ | 11,703 | $ | 28 | $ | 183,322 | ||||||||||||
Reserve to impaired loans |
$ | 1,467 | $ | 8,158 | $ | 1,336 | $ | 1,222 | $ | - | $ | 12,183 | ||||||||||||
Reserve to non-impaired loans |
$ | 64,634 | $ | 14,859 | $ | 81,137 | $ | 10,481 | $ | 28 | $ | 171,139 | ||||||||||||
Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments |
$ | 837 | $ | 390 | $ | 98 | $ | 34 | $ | 3 | $ | 1,362 | ||||||||||||
2013 Beginning Balance |
$ | 66,101 | $ | 23,017 | $ | 82,473 | $ | 11,703 | $ | 28 | $ | 183,322 | ||||||||||||
Provision/(reversal) for possible loan losses |
11,888 | (13,302 | ) | (2,500 | ) | 924 | (10 | ) | (3,000 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Charge-offs |
(15,625 | ) | - | (3,945 | ) | (872 | ) | - | (20,442 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Recoveries |
2,739 | 2,284 | 8,725 | 250 | 11 | 14,009 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net Charge-offs |
(12,886 | ) | 2,284 | 4,780 | (622 | ) | 11 | (6,433 | ) | |||||||||||||||
2013 Ending Balance |
$ | 65,103 | $ | 11,999 | $ | 84,753 | $ | 12,005 | $ | 29 | $ | 173,889 | ||||||||||||
Reserve to impaired loans |
$ | 2,519 | $ | 3,460 | $ | 6,584 | $ | 721 | $ | - | $ | 13,284 | ||||||||||||
Reserve to non-impaired loans |
$ | 62,584 | $ | 8,539 | $ | 78,169 | $ | 11,284 | $ | 29 | $ | 160,605 | ||||||||||||
Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments |
$ | 909 | $ | 304 | $ | 111 | $ | 34 | $ | 1 | $ | 1,359 |
An analysis of the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 is as follows:
December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses | ||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
$ | 183,322 | $ | 206,280 | $ | 245,231 | ||||||
(Reversal)/provision for credit losses |
(3,000 | ) | (9,000 | ) | 27,000 | |||||||
Transfers from reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments |
- | 706 | 268 | |||||||||
Loans charged off |
(20,442 | ) | (32,791 | ) | (77,626 | ) | ||||||
Recoveries of charged off loans |
14,009 | 18,127 | 11,407 | |||||||||
Balance at end of year |
$ | 173,889 | $ | 183,322 | $ | 206,280 | ||||||
Reserve for Off-balance Sheet Credit Commitments |
||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year |
$ | 1,363 | $ | 2,069 | $ | 2,337 | ||||||
Provision for credit losses/transfers |
- | (706 | ) | (268 | ) | |||||||
Balance at end of year |
$ | 1,363 | $ | 1,363 | $ | 2,069 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
6. Other Real Estate Owned
At December 31, 2013, the net carrying value of other real estate owned (“OREO”) increased $6.6 million, or 14.2%, to $53.0 million from $46.4 million at December 31, 2012. OREO located in California was $10.9 million and was comprised primarily of eight parcels of land zoned for residential purpose of $9.0 million, three commercial use buildings of $564,000, three commercial building construction projects of $635,000, one residential construction project of $530,000, and one parcel of land zoned for commercial purpose of $235,000. OREO located in Texas was $27.3 million and was comprised of three office and commercial use buildings of $12.5 million, six parcels of land zoned for residential purposes of $12.7 million, four commercial building construction projects of $1.3 million and a retail store of $766,000. OREO located in the state of Washington was $6.5 million and was comprised three parcels of land zoned for residential purpose of $667,000 and one office and commercial use building of $5.8 million. OREO located in the state of New York was one office and commercial use building $893,000. OREO located in the state of North Carolina was one commercial use building of $4.1 million. OREO located in Illinois was $3.3 million and was comprised of one condominium property of $2.4 million, two commercial use properties of $639,000 and one residential property of $202,000.
For 2012, OREO located in California was $12.2 million and was comprised primarily of six parcels of land zoned for residential purpose of $9.1 million, three office and commercial use buildings of $1.7 million, one commercial building construction project of $740,000, one residential construction project of $530,000, and one single family residential property of $179,000. OREO located in Texas was $29.6 million and was comprised of four office and commercial use buildings of $14.4 million, four parcels of land zoned for residential purposes of $12.6 million, two commercial building construction projects of $1.3 million, one parcel of land zoned for non-residential purposes of $1.1 million, and one single family residential property of $169,000. OREO located in the state of Washington was $1.6 million and was comprised of one parcel of land zoned for residential purpose of $733,000 and one commercial construction project of $870,000. OREO located in the state of New York was a retail store of $1.2 million. OREO located in the state of Nevada was $1.1 million and was comprised of a commercial use building. OREO in all other states was $752,000 and was comprised of a commercial use property and a retail store.
An analysis of the activity in the valuation allowance for other real estate losses for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 is as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of year |
$ | 19,556 | $ | 26,422 | $ | 25,310 | ||||||
(Reversal)/provision for losses |
(2,122 | ) | 10,668 | 10,385 | ||||||||
OREO disposal |
(4,050 | ) | (17,534 | ) | (9,273 | ) | ||||||
Balance, end of year |
$ | 13,384 | $ | 19,556 | $ | 26,422 |
The following table presents the components of other real estate owned expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Operating expense |
$ | 3,680 | $ | 4,817 | $ | 5,441 | ||||||
(Reversal)/provision for losses |
(2,122 | ) | 10,668 | 10,385 | ||||||||
Net gain on transfers and disposals |
(1,793 | ) | (369 | ) | (5,243 | ) | ||||||
Total other real estate owned expense |
$ | (235 | ) | $ | 15,116 | $ | 10,583 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
7. Investments in Affordable Housing
The Company has invested in certain limited partnerships that were formed to develop and operate housing for lower-income tenants throughout the United States. The Company’s investments in these partnerships were $84.1 million at December 31, 2013, and $85.0 million at December 31, 2012. At December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012, six of the limited partnerships in which the Company has an equity interest were determined to be variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The consolidation of these limited partnerships in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements increased total assets and liabilities by $23.8 million at December 31, 2013, and by $22.9 million at December 31, 2012. Other borrowings for affordable housing limited partnerships were $19.1 million at December 31, 2013, and $18.7 million at December 31, 2012; recourse is limited to the assets of the limited partnerships. Unfunded commitments for affordable housing limited partnerships of $7.0 million as of December 31, 2013, and $10.6 million as of December 31, 2012, were recorded under other liabilities.
Each of the partnerships must meet regulatory requirements for affordable housing for a minimum 15-year compliance period to fully utilize the tax credits. If the partnerships cease to qualify during the compliance period, the credits may be denied for any period in which the projects are not in compliance and a portion of the credits previously taken is subject to recapture with interest. The remaining tax credits to be utilized over a multiple-year period are $41.8 million for Federal and $1.6 million for state at December 31, 2013. The Company’s usage of tax credits approximated $9.8 million in 2013, $9 .2 million in 2012, and $9.5 million in 2011. Losses in excess of the Bank’s investment in two limited partnerships have not been recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements because the Company had fully satisfied all capital commitments required under the respective limited partnership agreements.
8. Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment consisted of the following as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Land and land improvements |
$ | 33,441 | $ | 33,429 | ||||
Building and building improvements |
73,756 | 73,723 | ||||||
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
44,278 | 39,701 | ||||||
Leasehold improvement |
12,753 | 12,391 | ||||||
Construction in process |
1,160 | 38 | ||||||
165,388 | 159,282 | |||||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation/amortization |
63,343 | 56,669 | ||||||
Premises and equipment, net |
$ | 102,045 | $ | 102,613 |
The amount of depreciation/amortization included in operating expense was $6.9 million in 2013, $5.9 million in 2012, and $6.1 million in 2011 .
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
9 . Deposits
The following table displays deposit balances as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Demand |
$ | 1,441,858 | $ | 1,269,455 | ||||
NOW accounts |
683,873 | 593,133 | ||||||
Money market accounts |
1,286,338 | 1,186,771 | ||||||
Saving accounts |
499,520 | 473,805 | ||||||
Time deposits under $100,000 |
931,204 | 644,191 | ||||||
Time deposits of $100,000 or more |
3,138,512 | 3,215,870 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 7,981,305 | $ | 7,383,225 |
Time deposits outstanding as of December 31, 2013, mature as follows.
Expected Maturity Date at December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
Thereafter |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits, $100,000 and over |
$ | 2,851,050 | $ | 140,973 | $ | 70,053 | $ | 20,867 | $ | 55,569 | $ | - | $ | 3,138,512 | ||||||||||||||
Other time deposits |
574,695 | 118,913 | 84,653 | 36,734 | 116,198 | 11 | 931,204 | |||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 3,425,745 | $ | 259,886 | $ | 154,706 | $ | 57,601 | $ | 171,767 | $ | 11 | $ | 4,069,716 |
Accrued interest payable on customer deposits was $2.0 million at December 31, 2013, $2.1 million at December 31, 2012, and $4.2 million at December 31, 2011. The following table summarizes the interest expense on deposits by account type for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Interest bearing demand |
$ | 1,017 | $ | 792 | $ | 756 | ||||||
Money market accounts |
7,034 | 5,938 | 7,351 | |||||||||
Saving accounts |
374 | 365 | 482 | |||||||||
Time deposits |
31,964 | 40,278 | 53,625 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 40,389 | $ | 47,373 | $ | 62,214 |
10. Borrowed Funds
Federal Funds Purchased. There were no Federal funds purchased at any time during 2013 or 2012. The average amount of Federal funds purchased during 2011 was $27,000 with a weighted average interest rate of 1.29%.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $800.0 million with a weighted average rate of 3.87% at December 31, 2013, compared to $1.3 billion with a weighted average rate of 3.84% at December 31, 2012. In 2013, the Company prepaid securities sold under agreements to repurchase totaling $450 million with a weighted average rate of 3.79% and incurred prepayment penalties of $22.6 million. In 2012, the Company modified $200.0 million of securities sold under agreements to repurchase by extending the term by an additional four years on average, reducing the rate by an average of 168 basis points and removing the callable feature of these borrowings. In 2012, the Company prepaid three securities sold under an agreement to repurchase for a total of $150 million with a weighted average rate of 4.43% and incurred prepayment penalties of $9.4 million. In May 2011, the Company prepaid a security sold under an agreement to repurchase of $50 million with a rate of 4.83% and incurred a prepayment penalty of $1.7 million. Five floating-to-fixed rate agreements totaling $300.0 million have initial floating rates for a period of time ranging from six months to one year, with floating rates ranging from the three-month LIBOR rate minus 200 basis points to the three-month LIBOR rate minus 340 basis points. Thereafter, the rates are fixed for the remainder of the term, with interest rates ranging from 4.78% to 5.07%. After the initial floating rate term, the counter parties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the fixed rate reset date and quarterly thereafter. Six fixed-to-floating rate agreements totaling $300.0 million have initial fixed rates ranging from 1.00% to 3.50% with initial fixed rate terms ranging from six months to 12 months. For the remaining term, the rates float at 8% minus the three-month LIBOR rate with a maximum rate ranging from 3.50% to 3.75% and a minimum rate of 0.0%. After the initial fixed rate term, the counter parties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the floating rate reset date and quarterly thereafter. The table below provides summary data for the $600 million of callable securities sold under agreements to repurchase as of December 31, 2013:
(Dollars in millions) |
Fixed-to-floating |
Floating-to-fixed |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Rate type |
Float Rate |
Fixed Rate |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate index |
8% minus 3 month LIBOR |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Maximum rate |
3.75 | % | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Minimum rate |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
No. of agreements |
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amount |
$ | 50.0 | $ | 100.0 | $ | 150.0 | $ | 100.0 | $ | 200.0 | $ | 600.0 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average rate |
3.75 | % | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | 4.78 | % | 5.00 | % | 4.24 | % | ||||||||||||
Final maturity |
2014 |
2014 |
2015 |
2014 |
2017 |
The table below provides summary data for non-callable fixed rate securities sold under agreements to repurchase as of December 31, 2013:
Maturity |
No. of Agreements |
Amount (In thousands) |
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|||||||||
1 year to 3 years |
1 | $ | 50,000 | 2.69 | % | |||||||
3 years to 5 years |
3 | $ | 150,000 | 2.81 | % | |||||||
Total |
4 | $ | 200,000 | 2.78 | % |
These transactions are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amount at which the securities were sold. We may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. The underlying collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements consists of U.S. Treasury securities, and mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $906.1 million as of December 31, 2013, and $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2012 .
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The table below provides comparative data for securities sold under agreements to repurchase for the years indicated:
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||
Average amount outstanding during the year (1) |
$ | 972,329 | $ | 1,361,475 | $ | 1,448,363 | ||||||
Maximum amount outstanding at month-end (2) |
1,200,000 | 1,400,000 | 1,559,000 | |||||||||
Balance, December 31 |
800,000 | 1,250,000 | 1,400,000 | |||||||||
Rate, December 31 |
3.87 | % | 3.84 | % | 4.14 | % | ||||||
Weighted average interest rate for the year |
3.88 | % | 4.09 | % | 4.19 | % |
(1) |
Average balances were computed using daily averages. |
(2) |
Highest month-end balances were January 2013, January 2012, and January 2011. |
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank . Advances from the FHLB were $521.2 million with a weighted average rate of 0.17% at December 31, 2013, compared to $146.2 million with weighted average rate of 0.44% at December 31, 2012. In 2012, the Company prepaid $100.0 million of advances with a rate of 4.60% from the FHLB and incurred prepayment penalties of $2.8 million.
The following relates to the outstanding advances at December 31, 2013, and 2012:
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||||||||||
Maturity |
Amount (In thousands) |
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
Amount (In thousands) |
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
||||||||||||
Within 90 days |
$ | 475,000 | 0.06 | % | $ | 125,000 | 0.28 | % | ||||||||
4 - 5 years |
46,200 | 1.24 | % | 21,200 | 1.38 | % | ||||||||||
$ | 521,200 | 0.17 | % | $ | 146,200 | 0.44 | % |
Other Liabilities. On November 23, 2004, the Company entered into an agreement with its Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) pursuant to which the CEO agreed to defer any bonus amounts in excess of $225,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005, until January 1 of the first year following such time as the CEO separates from the Company. Accordingly, an amount equal to $610,000 was deferred in 2004 and was accrued in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. The Company agreed to accrue interest on the deferred portion of the bonus at 7.0% per annum compounded quarterly. The deferred amount will be increased each quarter by the amount of interest computed for that quarter. Beginning on the tenth anniversary of the agreement, the interest rate will equal 275 basis points above the prevailing interest rate on the ten-year Treasury Note. Interest of $77,000 during 2013, $71,000 during 2012, and $67,000 during 2011 was accrued on this deferred bonus. The balance was $1.1 million at December 31, 2013, and $1.1 million at December 31, 2012.
11. Capital Resources
The Company participated in the U.S. Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. Upon the approval of participation, the U.S. Treasury purchased the Company’s senior preferred stock on December 5, 2008, in the amount of $258.0 million. The senior preferred stock pays cumulative compounding dividends at a rate of 5% per year for the first five years, and thereafter at a rate of 9% per year. The shares are non-voting, other than class voting rights on matters that could adversely affect the shares. They are callable at par after three years. In conjunction with the purchase of senior preferred shares, the U.S. Treasury received warrants to purchase 1,846,374 shares of common stock at the exercise price of $20.96 with an aggregate market price equal to $38.7 million, 15% of the senior preferred stock amount that U.S. Treasury invested. In 2013, the Company redeemed all $258 million Series B Preferred Stock issued under the U.S. Treasury's TARP Capital Purchase Program . On December 9, 2013, the U.S. Treasury sold all of the warrants that it held for $13.1 million, or $7.20 per warrant, through a secondary public offering.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
On September 29, 2006, the Bank issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt in a private placement transaction. The debt had an original maturity term of 10 years, was unsecured and bore interest at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 110 basis points, payable on a quarterly basis. In March 2011, the Company extended the debt for an additional year. As part of the extension agreement, the rate was increased from LIBOR plus 110 basis points to LIBOR plus 330 basis points for 2012 and 2011, after which time it reverts back to LIBOR plus 110 basis points. The per annum interest rate on the subordinated debt was 3.61% at December 31, 2012. In December 2013, the subordinated debt was repaid in full with a prepayment penalty of $2,000.
The Bancorp established three special purpose trusts in 2003 and two in 2007 for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities to outside investors (“Capital Securities”). The trusts exist for the purpose of issuing the Capital Securities and investing the proceeds thereof, together with proceeds from the purchase of the common securities of the trusts by the Bancorp, in Junior Subordinated Notes issued by the Bancorp. Subject to some limitations, payment of distributions out of the monies held by the trusts and payments on liquidation of the trusts or the redemption of the Capital Securities are guaranteed by the Bancorp to the extent the trusts have funds on hand at such time. The obligations of the Bancorp under the guarantees and the Junior Subordinated Notes are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all indebtedness of the Bancorp and will be structurally subordinated to all liabilities and obligations of the Bancorp’s subsidiaries. The Bancorp has the right to defer payments of interest on the Junior Subordinated Notes at any time or from time to time for a period of up to twenty consecutive quarterly periods with respect to each deferral period. Under the terms of the Junior Subordinated Notes, the Bancorp may not, with certain exceptions, declare or pay any dividends or distributions on its capital stock or purchase or acquire any of its capital stock if the Bancorp has deferred payment of interest on the Junior Subordinated Notes.
The five special purpose trusts are considered variable interest entities. Because the Bancorp is not the primary beneficiary of the trusts, the financial statements of the trusts are not included in the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company. The Junior Subordinated Notes are currently included in the Tier 1 capital of the Bancorp for regulatory capital purposes. Interest expense on the Junior Subordinated Notes was $3.0 million for 2013, $3.2 million for 2012, and $3.0 million for 2011.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The table below summarizes the outstanding Junior Subordinated Notes issued by the Company to each trust as of December 31, 2013:
Trust Name |
Issuance Date |
Principal Balance of Notes |
Not Redeemable Until |
Stated Maturity |
Annualized Coupon Rate |
Current Interest Rate |
Date of Rate Change |
Payable/ Distribution Date |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cathay Capital Trust I |
June 26, 2003 |
$ | 20,619 |
June 30, 2008 |
June 30, 2033 |
3-month LIBOR + 3.15% |
3.40 | % |
December 30, 2013 |
March 30 June 30 September 30 December 30 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Cathay Statutory Trust I |
September 17, 2003 |
20,619 |
September 17, 2008 |
September 17, 2033 |
3-month LIBOR + 3.00% |
3.24 | % |
December 17, 2013 |
March 17 June 17 September 17 December 17 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Cathay Capital Trust II |
December 30, 2003 |
12,887 |
March 30, 2009 |
March 30, 2034 |
3-month LIBOR + 2.90% |
3.15 | % |
December 30, 2013 |
March 30 June 30 September 30 December 30 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Cathay Capital Trust III |
March 28, 2007 |
46,392 |
June 15, 2012 |
June 15, 2037 |
3-month LIBOR + 1.48% |
1.72 | % |
December 16, 2013 |
March 15 June 15 September 15 December 15 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Cathay Capital Trust IV |
May 31, 2007 |
20,619 |
September 6, 2012 |
September 6, 2037 |
3-month LIBOR 1.40% |
1.64 | % |
December 6, 2013 |
March 6 June 6 September 6 December 6 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Junior Subordinated Notes |
$ | 121,136 |
12. Income Taxes
For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, the current and deferred amounts of the income tax expense are summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Current: |
||||||||||||
Federal |
$ | 62,254 | $ | 44,263 | $ | 26,548 | ||||||
State |
23,295 | 17,081 | 10,905 | |||||||||
$ | 85,549 | $ | 61,344 | $ | 37,453 | |||||||
Deferred: |
||||||||||||
Federal |
(11,162 | ) | 3,755 | 10,133 | ||||||||
State |
(3,952 | ) | 1,029 | 3,675 | ||||||||
$ | (15,114 | ) | $ | 4,784 | $ | 13,808 | ||||||
Total income tax expense/(benefit) |
$ | 70,435 | $ | 66,128 | $ | 51,261 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Temporary differences between the amounts reported in the financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities give rise to deferred taxes. Net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2013, and at December 31, 2012, are included in other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and are as follows:
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Deferred Tax Assets |
||||||||
Loan loss allowance, due to differences in computation of bad debts |
$ | 89,560 | $ | 100,774 | ||||
Write-down on equity securities and venture capital investments |
2,857 | 3,374 | ||||||
Share-based compensation |
13,573 | 16,120 | ||||||
State tax |
6,493 | 4,479 | ||||||
Non-accrual interest |
3,968 | 3,208 | ||||||
Write-down on other real estate owned |
8,595 | 10,302 | ||||||
Accrual for bonuses |
3,380 | 432 | ||||||
Accrual for litigation |
2,415 | 2,415 | ||||||
Unrealized loss on interest rate swaps |
- | 175 | ||||||
Unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale, net |
21,569 | - | ||||||
Other, net |
4,214 | 2,937 | ||||||
Gross deferred tax assets |
156,624 | 144,216 | ||||||
Deferred Tax Liabilities |
||||||||
Core deposit intangibles |
- | (1,632 | ) | |||||
Investment in aircraft financing trust and venture capital partnerships |
- | (19,684 | ) | |||||
Unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale, net |
- | (338 | ) | |||||
Basis difference in acquired assets |
(3,138 | ) | (3,145 | ) | ||||
Dividends on Federal Home Loan Bank common stock |
(2,986 | ) | (3,071 | ) | ||||
Other, net |
(2,773 | ) | (1,939 | ) | ||||
Gross deferred tax liabilities |
(8,897 | ) | (29,809 | ) | ||||
Valuation allowance |
(1,263 | ) | (2,125 | ) | ||||
Net deferred tax assets |
$ | 146,464 | $ | 112,282 |
Amounts for the current year are based upon estimates and assumptions and could vary from amounts shown on the tax returns as filed.
In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes it is more likely than not the Company will realize all benefits related to these deductible temporary differences except for $1.3 million of state deferred taxes for a portion of the capital losses related to the Company’s former investments in the preferred stock of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had income tax refunds receivables of $8.6 million and $12.4 million, respectively. These income tax receivables are included in other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2013, the Company had Federal net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $1.1 million which expire through 2022. The Federal net operating loss carry-forwards were acquired in connection with the Company’s acquisition of United Heritage Bank.
At both December 31, 2013 and 2012, there were no unrecognized tax benefits. During 2012, the Company reversed its unrecognized tax benefits during the filing of the Company’s 2011 tax returns, During 2011, the Company paid $0.1 million of state taxes previously recorded in unrecognized tax benefits. The Company had accrued interest and penalties of less than $0.1 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The Company’s tax returns are open for audits by the Internal Revenue Service back to 2010 and by the California Franchise Tax Board back to 2003. The Company is under audit by the California Franchise Tax Board for the years 2003 to 2007. A s the Company is presently under audit by a number of tax authorities, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits could change significantly over the next twelve months. The Company does not expect that any such changes would have a material impact on its annual effective tax rate.
Income tax expense results in effective tax rates that differ from the statutory Federal income tax rate for the years indicated as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax provision at Federal statutory rate |
$ | 67,752 | 35.0 | % | $ | 64,248 | 35.0 | % | $ | 52,994 | 35.0 | % | ||||||||||||
State income taxes, net of Federal income tax benefit |
12,573 | 6.5 | 11,772 | 6.4 | 9,477 | 6.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest on obligations of state and political subdivisions, which are exempt from Federal taxation |
(348 | ) | (0.2 | ) | (1,456 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (1,476 | ) | (1.0 | ) | ||||||||||||
Low income housing and other tax credits |
(10,056 | ) | (5.2 | ) | (9,353 | ) | (5.1 | ) | (10,087 | ) | (6.6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other, net |
514 | 0.3 | 917 | 0.5 | 353 | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total income tax expense/(benefit) |
$ | 70,435 | 36.4 | % | $ | 66,128 | 36.0 | % | $ | 51,261 | 33.9 | % |
13. Stockholders’ Equity and Earnings per Share
As a bank holding company, the Bancorp’s ability to pay dividends will depend upon the dividends it receives from the Bank and on the income it may generate from any other activities in which it may engage, either directly or through other subsidiaries.
Under California banking law, the Bank may not, without regulatory approval, pay a cash dividend that exceeds the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or its net income for the last three fiscal years, less any cash distributions made during that period. Under this regulation, the amount of retained earnings available for cash dividends to the Company immediately after December 31, 2013, is restricted to approximately $54.0 million.
During 2003, the Bank formed Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust (“Trust”) to provide the Bank flexibility in raising capital. In 2003 and 2004, the Trust sold to accredited investors $8.6 million of its 7.0% Series A Non-Cumulative preferred stock which pays dividends, if declared, at the end of each quarter. This preferred stock qualified as Tier 1 capital under current regulatory guidelines. The Company paid dividends of $605,000 in 2013, $605,000 in 2012, and $605,000 in 2011 . The Bank dissolved the Trust on December 23, 2013.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2013, was all from unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale. Activity in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, and reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive income for the three years ended December 31, 2013, was as follows:
2013 |
||||||||||||
Pre-tax |
Tax expense |
Net-of-tax |
||||||||||
Beginning balance, net of tax |
$ | 465 | ||||||||||
Net unrealized losses arising during the period |
$ | (117,515 | ) | $ | (49,407 | ) | $ | (68,108 | ) | |||
Reclassification adjustment for net securities gains included in net income |
27,362 | 11,503 | 15,859 | |||||||||
Net unrealized gains arising from transferring securities held-to-maturity to available-for-sale |
38,052 | 15,997 | 22,055 | |||||||||
Total other comprehensive income |
$ | (52,101 | ) | $ | (21,907 | ) | $ | (30,194 | ) | |||
Ending balance, net of tax |
$ | (29,729 | ) |
The Board of Directors of the Bancorp is authorized to issue preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences or other rights of the shares of each such class or series and the qualifications, limitations, and restrictions thereon. Any preferred stock issued by the Bancorp may rank prior to the Bancorp common stock as to dividend rights, liquidation preferences, or both, may have full or limited voting rights, and may be convertible into shares of the Bancorp common stock.
Pursuant to the U.S. Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, on December 5, 2008, the U.S. Treasury purchased 258,000 shares of the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock in the amount of $258.0 million. The Series B Preferred Stock pays cumulative compounding dividends at a rate of 5% per year for the first five years, and thereafter at a rate of 9% per year. In conjunction with the purchase of senior preferred shares, the U.S. Treasury received warrants to purchase 1,846,374 shares of common stock at the exercise price of $20.96 per share with an aggregate market price equal to $38.7 million, or 15%, of the senior preferred stock amount that the U.S. Treasury invested. The exercise price of $20.96 on warrants was calculated based on the average of closing prices of the Company’s common stock on the 20 trading days ending on the last trading day prior to November 17, 2008, the date that the Company received the preliminary approval of the purchase from the U.S. Treasury. In 2013, the Company redeemed all $258 million Series B Preferred Stock issued under the U.S. Treasury's TARP Capital Purchase Program. On December 9, 2013, the U.S. Treasury sold all of the warrants that it held for $13.1 million, or $7.20 per warrant, through a secondary public offering.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following is the reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the years as indicated:
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (Numerator) |
Shares (Denominator) |
Per Share Amount |
Income (Numerator) |
Shares (Denominator) |
Per Share Amount |
Income (Numerator) |
Shares (Denominator) |
Per Share Amount |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except shares and per share data) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 123,143 | $ | 117,438 | $ | 100,150 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
(9,685 | ) | (16,488 | ) | (16,437 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic EPS, income/(loss) |
$ | 113,458 | 78,954,898 | $ | 1.44 | $ | 100,950 | 78,719,133 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 83,713 | 78,633,317 | $ | 1.06 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive stock options |
183,085 | 4,164 | 7,335 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted EPS, income/(loss) |
$ | 113,458 | 79,137,983 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 100,950 | 78,723,297 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 83,713 | 78,640,652 | $ | 1.06 |
Options to purchase an additional 2.2 million shares at December 31, 2013 , were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect. Options to purchase an additional 4. 0 million shares and warrants to purchase an additional 1.8 million shares at December 31, 2012 , were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect.
14. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation. The Company is involved in various litigation concerning transactions entered into during the normal course of business. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not believe that the resolution of such litigation will have a material effect upon its consolidated financial condition, results of operations , or liquidity taken as a whole.
Lending. In the normal course of business, the Company becomes a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans or through commercial or standby letters of credit and financial guarantees. Those instruments represent varying degrees of exposure to risk in excess of the amounts included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The contractual or notional amount of these instruments indicates a level of activity associated with a particular class of financial instrument and is not a reflection of the level of expected losses, if any.
The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. Unless noted otherwise, the Company does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments with credit risk.
Financial instruments for which contract amounts represent the amount of credit risk include the following:
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||
Commitments to extend credit |
$ | 1,858,669 | $ | 1,740,463 | ||||
Standby letters of credit |
45,058 | 44,672 | ||||||
Commercial letters of credit |
54,098 | 71,073 | ||||||
Bill of lading guarantees |
80 | 77 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 1,957,905 | $ | 1,856,285 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer provided there is no violation of any condition established in the commitment agreement. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and are expected to expire without being drawn upon. The total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrowers.
As of December 31, 2013, the Company does not have fixed-rate or variable-rate commitments with characteristics similar to options, which provide the holder, for a premium paid at inception to the Company, the benefits of favorable movements in the price of an underlying asset or index with limited or no exposure to losses from unfavorable price movements.
As of December 31, 2013, commitments to extend credit of $1.9 billion include commitments to fund fixed rate loans of $107.0 million and adjustable rate loans of $1.8 billion .
Commercial letters of credit and bill of lading guarantees are issued to facilitate domestic and foreign trade transactions while standby letters of credit are issued to make payments on behalf of customers if certain specified future events occur. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit and bill of lading guarantees is essentially the same as that involved in making loans to customers.
Leases. The Company is obligated under a number of operating leases for premises and equipment with terms ranging from one to 25 years, many of which provide for periodic adjustment of rentals based on changes in various economic indicators. Rental expense was $7.7 million for 2013, $7.4 million for 2012, and $6.7 million for 2011. The following table shows future minimum payments under operating leases with terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2013.
Year Ending December 31, |
Commitments |
|||
(In thousands) |
||||
2014 |
$ | 5,745 | ||
2015 |
3,895 | |||
2016 |
2,930 | |||
2017 |
1,527 | |||
2018 |
1,015 | |||
Thereafter |
643 | |||
Total minimum lease payments |
$ | 15,755 |
Rental income was $0.3 million for 2013, $0.3 million for 2012, and $ 0.2 million for 2011. The following table shows future rental payments to be received under operating leases with terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2013:
Year Ending December 31, |
Commitments |
|||
(In thousands) |
||||
2014 |
$ | 121 | ||
2015 |
11 | |||
Thereafter |
- | |||
Total minimum lease payments to be received |
$ | 132 |
15 . Financial Derivatives
It is the policy of the Company not to speculate on the future direction of interest rates. However, the Company enters into financial derivatives in order to seek mitigation of exposure to interest rate risks related to its interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Management believes that these transactions, when properly structured and managed, may provide a hedge against inherent interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities and against risk in specific transactions. In such instances, the Company may protect its position through the purchase or sale of interest rate futures contracts for a specific cash or interest rate risk position. Other hedge transactions may be implemented using interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, floors, financial futures, forward rate agreements, and options on futures or bonds. Prior to considering any hedging activities, we seek to analyze the costs and benefits of the hedge in comparison to other viable alternative strategies. All hedges will require an assessment of basis risk and must be approved by the Bank’s Investment Committee.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The Company follows ASC Topic 815 which established accounting and reporting standards for financial derivatives, including certain financial derivatives embedded in other contracts, and hedging activities. It requires the recognition of all financial derivatives as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and measurement of those financial derivatives at fair value. The accounting treatment of changes in fair value is dependent upon whether or not a financial derivative is designated as a hedge and if so, the type of hedge.
As of December 31, 2011, we had five interest rate swap agreements with two major financial institutions in the notional amount of $300.0 million for a period of three years. These interest rate swaps were not structured to hedge against inherent interest rate risks related to our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. These five interest rate swap agreements all matured in the third quarter of 2012. The net amount accrued on these interest rate swaps and the changes in the market value of these interest rate swaps were recorded as a reduction to other non-interest income in the amount of $288,000 in 2012 compared to $4.9 million in 2011.
The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts with various counter parties to mitigate the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates for foreign exchange certificates of deposit, foreign exchange contracts, or foreign currency option contracts entered into with our clients. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the fair value of these contracts as well as the related foreign exchange certificates of deposit, foreign exchange contracts or foreign currency option contracts are recognized immediately in net income as a component of non-interest income. Period end gross positive fair values are recorded in other assets and gross negative fair values are recorded in other liabilities. At December 31, 2013, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $200,000 with a net positive fair value of $83. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $267.6 million had a positive fair value of $6.2 million at December 31, 2013. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $236.3 million had a negative fair value of $6.1 million at December 31, 2013. At December 31, 2012, the notional amount of option contracts totaled $209,000 with a net negative fair value of $2 ,000. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $188.1 million had a positive fair value of $2.9 million at December 31, 2012. Spot and forward contracts in the total notional amount of $133.7 million had a negative fair value of $1.6 million at December 31, 2012.
16 . Fair Value Measurements
The Company adopted ASC Topic 820 on January 1, 2008, and determined the fair values of our financial instruments based on the following:
● |
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
● |
Level 2 – Observable prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities; prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; directly observable market inputs for substantially the full term of the asset and liability; market inputs that are not directly observable but are derived from or corroborated by observable market data. |
● |
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s own judgments about the assumptions that a market participant would use. |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The Company uses the following methodologies to measure the fair value of its financial assets and liabilities on a recurring basis:
Securities Available for Sale . For certain actively traded agency preferred stocks, mutual funds, and U.S. Treasury securities, the Company measures the fair value based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets at the reporting date, a Level 1 measurement. The Company also measures securities by using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement. This category generally includes U.S. Government agency securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), commercial MBS, collateralized mortgage obligations, asset-backed securities, corporate bonds and trust preferred securities.
Trading Securities . The Company measures the fair value of trading securities based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets at the reporting date, a Level 1 measurement. The Company also measures the fair value for other trading securities based on quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.
Warrants . The Company measures the fair value of warrants based on unobservable inputs based on assumption and management judgment, a Level 3 measurement.
Currency Option Contracts and Foreign Exchange Contracts . The Company measures the fair value of currency option and foreign exchange contracts based on dealer quotes on a recurring basis, a Level 2 measurement.
The valuation techniques for the assets and liabilities valued on a nonrecurring basis are as follows:
Impaired Loans. The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent impaired loans are recorded based on either the current appraised value of the collateral, a Level 2 measurement, or management’s judgment and estimation of value reported on old appraisals which are then adjusted based on recent market trends, a Level 3 measurement.
Goodwill. The Company completes “step one” of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined based on the discussion below) with the recorded book value (or “carrying amount”) of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and “step two” of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment. Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the “implied fair value” of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill. This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two. An impairment charge is then recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. In connection with the determination of fair value, certain data and information was utilized, including earnings forecasts at the reporting unit level for the next four years. Other key assumptions include terminal values based on future growth rates and discount rates for valuing the cash flows, which have inputs for the risk-free rate, market risk premium and adjustments to reflect inherent risk and required market returns. Because of the significance of unobservable inputs in the valuation of goodwill impairment, goodwill subject to nonrecurring fair value adjustments is classified as Level 3 measurement.
Core Deposit Intangibles. Core deposit intangibles is initially recorded at fair value based on a valuation of the core deposits acquired and is amortized over its estimated useful life to its residual value in proportion to the economic benefits consumed. The Company assesses the recoverability of this intangible asset on a nonrecurring basis using the core deposits remaining at the assessment date and the fair value of cash flows expected to be generated from the core deposits, a Level 3 measurement.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Other Real Estate Owned. Real estate acquired in the settlement of loans is initially recorded at fair value based on the appraised value of the property on the date of transfer, less estimated costs to sell, a Level 2 measurement. From time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments are made to other real estate owned based on the current updated appraised value of the property, also a Level 2 measurement, or management’s judgment and estimation of value reported on old appraisals which are then adjusted based on recent market trends, a Level 3 measurement.
Investments in Venture Capital. The Company periodically reviews for OTTI on a nonrecurring basis. Investments in venture capital were written down to their fair value based on available financial reports from venture capital partnerships and management’s judgment and estimation, a Level 3 measurement.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following tables present the Company’s hierarchy for its assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2013, and at December 31, 2012:
As of December 31, 2013 |
Fair Value Measurements Using |
Total at |
||||||||||||||
Level 1 |
Level 2 |
Level 3 |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||
Securities available-for-sale |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities |
$ | 460,193 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 460,193 | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
- | 952,815 | - | 952,815 | ||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
- | 6,106 | - | 6,106 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
- | 123 | - | 123 | ||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
- | 150,304 | - | 150,304 | ||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
5,724 | - | - | 5,724 | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities |
- | 11,403 | - | 11,403 | ||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
465,917 | 1,120,751 | - | 1,586,668 | ||||||||||||
Trading securities |
- | 4,936 | - | 4,936 | ||||||||||||
Warrants |
- | - | 30 | 30 | ||||||||||||
Option contracts |
- | 0 | - | 0 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
- | 6,182 | - | 6,182 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 465,917 | $ | 1,131,869 | $ | 30 | $ | 1,597,816 | ||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
- | 6,140 | - | 6,140 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
$ | - | $ | 6,140 | $ | - | $ | 6,140 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
Fair Value Measurements Using |
Total at |
||||||||||||||
Level 1 |
Level 2 |
Level 3 |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||
Securities available-for-sale |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities |
$ | 509,971 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 509,971 | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
- | 416,694 | - | 416,694 | ||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations |
- | 10,168 | - | 10,168 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
- | 141 | - | 141 | ||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities |
- | 335,977 | - | 335,977 | ||||||||||||
Mutual funds |
6,079 | - | - | 6,079 | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities |
- | 2,335 | - | 2,335 | ||||||||||||
Trust preferred securities |
10,115 | - | - | 10,115 | ||||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale |
526,165 | 765,315 | - | 1,291,480 | ||||||||||||
Trading securities |
- | 4,703 | - | 4,703 | ||||||||||||
Warrants |
- | - | 104 | 104 | ||||||||||||
Option contracts |
- | 0 | - | 0 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
- | 2,924 | - | 2,924 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 526,165 | $ | 772,942 | $ | 104 | $ | 1,299,211 | ||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||
Option contracts |
$ | - | $ | 2 | $ | - | $ | 2 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
- | 1,586 | - | 1,586 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
$ | - | $ | 1,588 | $ | - | $ | 1,588 |
The Company measured the fair value of its warrants on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs. The fair value of warrants was $30,000 at December 31, 2013, compared to $104,000 at December 31, 2012. The fair value adjustment of warrants was included in other operating income for 2013.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
For financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were still reflected in the balance sheet at December 31, 2013, the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment and the carrying value of the related individual assets at December 31, 2013, and at December 31, 2012, and the total losses for the periods indicated:
As of December 31, 2013 |
Total Losses/(gains) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements Using |
Total at |
For the Twelve Months Ended |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 1 |
Level 2 |
Level 3 |
Fair Value |
December 31, 2013 |
December 31, 2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impaired loans by type: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | - | $ | - | $ | 7,584 | $ | 7,584 | $ | 5,731 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
- | - | 29,001 | 29,001 | 125 | 440 | ||||||||||||||||||
Construction- residential |
- | - | 500 | 500 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Construction- other |
- | - | 15,363 | 15,363 | - | 65 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
- | - | 14,236 | 14,236 | 213 | 605 | ||||||||||||||||||
Land loans |
- | - | 29 | 29 | - | 162 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total impaired loans |
- | - | 66,713 | 66,713 | 6,069 | 1,272 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other real estate owned (1) |
- | 13,248 | 26,498 | 39,746 | (3,134 | ) | 10,904 | |||||||||||||||||
Investments in venture capital and private company stock |
- | - | 8,900 | 8,900 | 409 | 309 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity investments |
642 | - | - | 642 | - | 181 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 642 | $ | 13,248 | $ | 102,111 | $ | 116,001 | $ | 3,344 | $ | 12,666 |
|
(1) |
Other real estate owned balance of $53.0 million in the Consolidated Balance Sheets is net of estimated disposal costs. |
As of December 31, 2012 |
Total Losses |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements Using |
Total at |
For the Twelve Months Ended |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 1 |
Level 2 |
Level 3 |
Fair Value |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impaired loans by type: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans |
$ | - | $ | - | $ | 3,492 | $ | 3,492 | $ | - | $ | 877 | ||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans |
- | - | 11,295 | 11,295 | 440 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Construction- residential |
- | - | 500 | 500 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Construction- other |
- | - | 46,153 | 46,153 | 65 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage and equity lines |
- | - | 11,206 | 11,206 | 605 | 820 | ||||||||||||||||||
Land loans |
- | - | 297 | 297 | 162 | 46 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total impaired loans |
- | - | 72,943 | 72,943 | 1,272 | 1,743 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other real estate owned (1) |
- | 27,149 | 4,841 | 31,990 | 10,904 | 7,003 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investments in venture capital and private company stock |
- | - | 9,001 | 9,001 | 309 | 379 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity investments |
142 | - | - | 142 | 181 | 200 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 142 | $ | 27,149 | $ | 86,785 | $ | 114,076 | $ | 12,666 | $ | 9,325 |
|
(1) |
Other real estate owned balance of $46.4 million in the Consolidated Balance Sheets is net of estimated disposal costs. |
The significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs used in the fair value measurement of collateral for collateral-dependent impaired loans was primarily based on the appraised value of collateral adjusted by estimated sales cost and commissions. The Company generally obtains new appraisal reports every six months. As the Company’s primary objective in the event of default would be to monetize the collateral to settle the outstanding balance of the loan, less marketable collateral would receive a larger discount. During the reported periods, collateral discounts ranged from 45% in the case of accounts receivable collateral to 65% in the case of inventory collateral.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of other real estate owned (“OREO”) was primarily based on the appraised value of OREO adjusted by estimated sales cost and commissions.
The Company applies estimated sales cost and commission ranging from 3% to 6% of collateral value of impaired loans, quoted price or loan sale price of loans held for sale, and appraised value of OREOs.
The significant unobservable inputs in the Black-Scholes option pricing model for the fair value of warrants are the expected life of warrant ranging from 1 to 4 years, risk-free interest rate from 0.39% to 1.25%, and stock volatility of the Company from 8.39% to 16.0%.
17 . Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. For cash and cash equivalents, the carrying amount was assumed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value, a Level 1 measurement.
Short-term Investments. For short-term investments, the carrying amount was assumed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value, a Level 1 measurement.
Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell. The fair value of securities purchased under agreements to resell is based on dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.
Securities. For securities, including securities held-to-maturity, available-for-sale and for trading, fair values were based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. If a quoted market price was not available, fair value was estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes. For certain actively traded agency preferred stocks and U.S. Treasury securities, the Company measures the fair value based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets at the reporting date, a Level 1 measurement. The Company also measures securities by using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement. This category generally includes U.S. Government agency securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), commercial MBS, collateralized mortgage obligations, asset-backed securities, and corporate bonds.
Loans. Fair values were estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Each loan category was further segmented into fixed and adjustable rate interest terms and by performing and non-performing categories.
The fair value of performing loans was calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan, a Level 3 measurement.
The fair value of impaired loans was calculated based on the net realizable fair value of the collateral or the observable market price of the most recent sale or quoted price from loans held for sale. The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. Nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent impaired loans are recorded based on the current appraised value of the collateral, a Level 2 measurement.
Deposit Liabilities. The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and certain money market deposits was assumed to be the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit was estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities, a Level 3 measurement.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase. The fair value of securities sold under agreements to repurchase is based on dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank. The fair value of the advances is based on quotes from the FHLB to settle the advances, a Level 2 measurement.
Other Borrowings. This category includes borrowings from other financial institutions. The fair value of other borrowings is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk, a Level 3 measurement.
Long-term Debt. The fair value of long-term debt is estimated based on the quoted market prices or dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.
Currency Option and Foreign Exchange Contracts . The Company measures the fair value of currency option and foreign exchange contracts based on dealer quotes, a Level 2 measurement.
Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments. The fair value of commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees written were estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counter parties. The fair value of guarantees and letters of credit was based on fees currently charged for similar agreements or on the estimated cost to terminate them or otherwise settle the obligations with the counter parties at the reporting date. Off-balance-sheet financial instruments were valued based on the assumptions that a market participant would use, a Level 3 measurement.
Fair value was estimated in accordance with ASC Topic 825, formerly SFAS 107. Fair value estimates were made at specific points in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Bank’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Bank’s financial instruments, fair value estimates were based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates were subjective in nature and involved uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
As of December 31, 2013 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
|||||||||||||||
Carrying Amount |
Fair Value |
Carrying Amount |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Financial Assets |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks |
$ | 153,747 | $ | 153,747 | $ | 144,909 | $ | 144,909 | ||||||||
Short-term investments |
516,938 | 516,938 | 411,983 | 411,983 | ||||||||||||
Securities held-to-maturity |
- | - | 773,768 | 823,906 | ||||||||||||
Securities available-for-sale |
1,586,668 | 1,586,668 | 1,291,480 | 1,291,480 | ||||||||||||
Trading securities |
4,936 | 4,936 | 4,703 | 4,703 | ||||||||||||
Loans, net |
7,897,187 | 7,760,490 | 7,235,587 | 7,169,732 | ||||||||||||
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
25,000 | 25,000 | 41,272 | 41,272 | ||||||||||||
Warrants |
30 | 30 | 104 | 104 |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
Option contracts |
$ | 200 | $ | 0 | $ | 105 | $ | - | ||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
267,644 | 6,182 | 188,145 | 2,924 |
Carrying Amount |
Fair Value |
Carrying Amount |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
Financial Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
Deposits |
$ | 7,981,305 | $ | 7,977,639 | $ | 7,383,225 | $ | 7,389,015 | ||||||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase |
800,000 | 852,835 | 1,250,000 | 1,361,585 | ||||||||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank |
521,200 | 521,560 | 146,200 | 146,789 | ||||||||||||
Other borrowings |
19,062 | 16,107 | 18,713 | 14,573 | ||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
121,136 | 58,970 | 171,136 | 98,392 |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
Option contracts |
$ | - | $ | - | $ | 104 | $ | 2 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
236,350 | 6,140 | 133,669 | 1,586 |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments |
||||||||||||||||
Commitments to extend credit |
$ | 1,858,669 | $ | (2,187 | ) | $ | 1,740,463 | $ | (1,875 | ) | ||||||
Standby letters of credit |
45,058 | (205 | ) | 44,672 | (204 | ) | ||||||||||
Other letters of credit |
54,098 | (34 | ) | 71,073 | (34 | ) | ||||||||||
Bill of lading guarantees |
80 | - | 77 | - |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following tables present the level in the fair value hierarchy for the estimated fair values of only financial instruments that are not already on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value at December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012.
As of December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||
Estimated Fair Value Measurements |
Level 1 |
Level 2 |
Level 3 |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Financial Assets |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks |
$ | 153,747 | $ | 153,747 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Short-term investments |
516,938 | 516,938 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Securities available-for-sale |
1,586,668 | 465,917 | 1,120,751 | - | ||||||||||||
Trading securities |
4,936 | - | 4,936 | - | ||||||||||||
Loans, net |
7,760,490 | - | - | 7,760,490 | ||||||||||||
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
25,000 | - | 25,000 | - | ||||||||||||
Warrants |
30 | - | - | 30 | ||||||||||||
Financial Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||
Deposits |
7,977,639 | - | - | 7,977,639 | ||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase |
852,835 | - | 852,835 | - | ||||||||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank |
521,560 | - | 521,560 | - | ||||||||||||
Other borrowings |
16,107 | - | - | 16,107 | ||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
58,970 | - | 58,970 | - |
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||
Estimated Fair Value Measurements |
Level 1 |
Level 2 |
Level 3 |
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Financial Assets |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks |
$ | 144,909 | $ | 144,909 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
Short-term investments |
411,983 | 411,983 | - | - | ||||||||||||
Securities held-to-maturity |
823,906 | - | 823,906 | - | ||||||||||||
Securities available-for-sale |
1,291,480 | 526,165 | 765,315 | - | ||||||||||||
Trading securities |
4,703 | - | 4,703 | - | ||||||||||||
Loans, net |
7,169,732 | - | - | 7,169,732 | ||||||||||||
Investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock |
41,272 | - | 41,272 | - | ||||||||||||
Warrants |
104 | - | - | 104 | ||||||||||||
Financial Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||
Deposits |
7,389,015 | - | - | 7,389,015 | ||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase |
1,361,585 | - | 1,361,585 | - | ||||||||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank |
146,789 | - | 146,789 | - | ||||||||||||
Other borrowings |
14,573 | - | - | 14,573 | ||||||||||||
Long-term debt |
98,392 | - | 98,392 | - |
18. Employee Benefit Plans
Employee Stock Ownership Plan. Under the Company’s Amended and Restated Cathay Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”), the Company can make annual contributions to a trust in the form of either cash or common stock of the Bancorp for the benefit of eligible employees. Employees are eligible to participate in the ESOP after completing two years of service for salaried full-time employees or 1,000 hours for each of two consecutive years for salaried part-time employees. The amount of the annual contribution is discretionary except that it must be sufficient to enable the trust to meet its current obligations. The Company also pays for the administration of this plan and of the trust. The Company has not made contributions to the trust since 2004 and does not expect to make any contributions in the future. Effective June 17, 2004, the ESOP was amended to provide the participants the election either to reinvest the dividends on the Company stock allocated to their accounts or to have these dividends distributed to the participant. The ESOP trust purchased 3,825 shares in 2013, 2,814 shares in 2012, and 3,437 shares in 2011, of the Bancorp’s common stock at an aggregate cost of $92,000 in 2013, $47,000 in 2012, and $47,000 in 2011 . The distribution of benefits to participants totaled 51,779 shares in 2013, 116,124 shares in 2012, and 83,020 shares in 2011. As of December 31, 2013, the ESOP owned 1,140,788 shares , or 1.4% , of the Company’s outstanding common stock.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
401(k) Plan. In 1997, the Board approved the Company’s 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan, which began on March 1, 1997. Salaried employees who have completed three months of service and have attained the age of 21 are eligible to participate. Enrollment dates are on January 1st, April 1st, July 1st, and October 1st of each year. Participants may contribute up to 75% of their eligible compensation for the year but not to exceed the dollar limit set by the Internal Revenue Code. Participants may change their contribution election on the enrollment dates. The vesting schedule for the matching contribution is 0% for less than two years of service, 25% after two years of service and from then on, at an increment of 25% each year until 100% is vested after five years of service. Effective on April 1, 2010, the Company matches 100% on the first 2.5% of eligible compensation contributed per pay period by the participant, after one year of service. The Company’s contribution amounted to $1.0 million in 2013, $1.0 million in 2012, and $0.9 million in 2011. The Plan allows participants to withdraw all or part of their vested amount in the Plan due to certain financial hardship as set forth in the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury Regulations. Participants may also borrow up to 50% of the vested amount, with a maximum of $50,000. The minimum loan amount is $1,000.
19 . Equity Incentive Plans
In 1998, the Board adopted the Cathay Bancorp, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan. Under the Equity Incentive Plan, as amended in September, 2003, directors and eligible employees may be granted incentive or non-statutory stock options and/or restricted stock units, or awarded non-vested stock, for up to 7,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock on a split adjusted basis. In May 2005, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2005 Incentive Plan which provides that 3,131,854 shares of the Company’s common stock may be granted as incentive or non-statutory stock options, or as restricted stock, or as restricted stock units. In conjunction with the approval of the 2005 Incentive Plan, the Bancorp agreed to cease granting awards under the Equity Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2013, the only options granted by the Company under the 2005 Incentive Plan were non-statutory stock options to selected bank officers and non-employee directors at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Such options have a maximum ten-year term and vest in 20% annual increments (subject to early termination in certain events) except certain options granted to the Chief Executive Officer of the Company in 2005 and 2008. If such options expire or terminate without having been exercised, any shares not purchased will again be available for future grants or awards. There were no options granted in 2013, in 2012, or in 2011. The Company expects to issue new shares to satisfy stock option exercises and the vesting of restricted stock units.
Cash received from exercises of stock options totaled $14.8 million for 594,946 shares in 2013, $764,000 for 50,024 shares in 2012, and $1.3 million for 86,860 shares in 2011. The fair value of stock options vested in 2013 was $2.1 million compared to $745,000 in 2012 . Aggregate intrinsic value for options exercised was $307,000 in 2013 compared to $103,000 in 2012.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
A summary of stock option activity for 2013, 2012, and 2011 follows:
Shares |
Weighted-Average Exercise Price |
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2010 |
4,947,348 | 27.93 | 3.7 | $ | 334 | |||||||||||
Exercised |
(86,860 | ) | $ | 15.05 | ||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(503,503 | ) | 22.72 | |||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2011 |
4,356,985 | 28.86 | 3.0 | $ | 37 | |||||||||||
Exercised |
(50,024 | ) | $ | 15.27 | ||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(310,331 | ) | 23.75 | |||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2012 |
3,996,630 | 29.45 | 2.2 | $ | - | |||||||||||
Exercised |
(594,946 | ) | $ | 24.80 | ||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(588,810 | ) | 22.86 | |||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2013 |
2,812,874 | 31.81 | 1.9 | $ | 2,119 | |||||||||||
Exercisable, December 31, 2013 |
2,812,874 | $ | 31.81 | 1.9 | $ | 2,119 |
At December 31, 2013, 2,640,264 shares were available under the 2005 Incentive Plan for future grants. The following table shows stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2013, the corresponding exercise prices , and the weighted-average contractual life remaining:
Outstanding |
|||||||||||||||
Exercise Price |
Shares |
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years) |
Shares |
||||||||||||
$ | 28.70 | 438,000 | 0.1 | 438,000 | |||||||||||
32.26 | 10,000 | 0.5 | 10,000 | ||||||||||||
38.38 | 15,000 | 0.9 | 15,000 | ||||||||||||
37.00 | 568,270 | 1.1 | 568,270 | ||||||||||||
32.47 | 245,060 | 1.2 | 245,060 | ||||||||||||
33.54 | 264,694 | 1.4 | 264,694 | ||||||||||||
36.90 | 218,540 | 2.1 | 218,540 | ||||||||||||
36.24 | 410,730 | 2.1 | 410,730 | ||||||||||||
38.26 | 12,000 | 2.3 | 12,000 | ||||||||||||
23.37 | 630,580 | 4.2 | 630,580 | ||||||||||||
2,812,874 | 1.9 | 2,812,874 |
In addition to stock options, the Company also grants restricted stock units to eligible employees which vest subject to continued employment at the vesting dates. On February 21, 2008, restricted stock units, which vest ratably over five years, for 82,291 shares were granted. Upon vesting of restricted stock units, the Company issued 138,220 shares of common stock at the average closing price of $22.71 in 2013, 11,814 shares at the average closing price of $16.90 in 2012, and 12,633 shares of common stock at the average closing price of $18.79 per share in 2011.
The Company granted restricted stock units for 25,037 shares at an average closing price of $20.68 per share in 2013, for 125,133 shares at an average closing price of $18.24 per share in 2012, and for 147,661 shares at an average closing price of $14.78 in 2011. The restricted stock units granted in 2013, 2012, and 2011 are scheduled to vest two years from grant date.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The following table presents restricted stock unit activity for 2013, 2012, and 2011:
Units | ||||
Balance at December 31, 2010 |
38,960 | |||
Granted |
147,661 | |||
Vested |
(12,633 | ) | ||
Cancelled or forfeited |
(2,578 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31, 2011 |
171,410 | |||
Granted |
125,133 | |||
Vested |
(11,814 | ) | ||
Cancelled or forfeited |
(28,113 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31, 2012 |
256,616 | |||
Granted |
25,037 | |||
Vested |
(138,220 | ) | ||
Cancelled or forfeited |
- | |||
Balance at December 31, 2013 |
143,433 |
In December 2013, the Company granted performance share unit awards in which the number of units earned is calculated based on the relative total shareholder return (“TSR”) of the Company’s common stock as compared to the TSR of the KBW Regional Banking Index. In addition, the Company granted performance share unit awards in which the number of units earned is determined by comparison to the targeted EPS as defined in the award for the 2014 to 2016 period. Performance TSR restricted stock units for 119,840 shares and performance EPS restricted stock units for 116,186 shares were granted to eight executive officers in 2013. Both the performance TSR and performance EPS share awards are scheduled to vest at December 31, 2016.
The compensation expense recorded for restricted stock units was $2.0 million in 2013, $1.3 million in 2012 , and $758,000 in 2011. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units was $7.2 million at December 31, 2013, and is expected to be recognized over the next 2.6 years.
In 2013, 52,431 shares of the Company’s common stock at the average price of $21.13 per share were issued to seven executive officers and recorded as compensation expense compared to 45,937 shares at the average price of $17.16 in 2012. Salary stock compensation expenses were $1.1 million in 2013 compared to $788,000 in 2012.
The following table summarizes the tax benefit from options exercised:
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
(Short-fall)/benefit of tax deductions in excess of grant-date fair value |
$ | (2,509 | ) | $ | (620 | ) | $ | (290 | ) | |||
Benefit of tax deductions on grant-date fair value |
4,172 | 747 | 362 | |||||||||
Total benefit of tax deductions |
$ | 1,663 | $ | 127 | $ | 72 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
20. Condensed Financial Information of Cathay General Bancorp
The condensed financial information of the Bancorp as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012, and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011 is as follows:
Balance Sheets
As of December 31, |
||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share data) |
||||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Cash |
$ | 1,835 | $ | 639 | ||||
Short-term certificates of deposit |
38,000 | 161,300 | ||||||
Investment in bank subsidiaries |
1,525,459 | 1,569,902 | ||||||
Investment in non-bank subsidiaries |
2,536 | 2,598 | ||||||
Other assets |
12,866 | 9,936 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,580,696 | $ | 1,744,375 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||||
Junior subordinated debt |
$ | 121,136 | $ | 121,136 | ||||
Other liabilities |
589 | 2,182 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
121,725 | 123,318 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
- | - | ||||||
Stockholders' equity |
||||||||
Preferred stock, 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013, 258,000 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012 |
- | 254,580 | ||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 83,797,434 issued and 79,589,869 outstanding at December 31, 2013, and 82,985,853 issued and 78,778,288 outstanding at December 31, 2012 |
838 | 830 | ||||||
Additional paid-in-capital |
784,489 | 768,925 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net |
(29,729 | ) | 465 | |||||
Retained earnings |
829,109 | 721,993 | ||||||
Treasury stock, at cost (4,207,565 shares at December 31, 2013, and at December 31, 2012) |
(125,736 | ) | (125,736 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders' equity |
1,458,971 | 1,621,057 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |
$ | 1,580,696 | $ | 1,744,375 |
Statements of Operations
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Cash dividends from Cathay Bank |
$ | 138,030 | $ | 154,700 | $ | - | ||||||
Interest income |
157 | 196 | 259 | |||||||||
Interest expense |
2,994 | 3,228 | 3,038 | |||||||||
Non-interest income/(loss) |
434 | 3,718 | 286 | |||||||||
Non-interest expense |
2,443 | 2,064 | 1,548 | |||||||||
Income/(loss) before income tax benefit |
133,184 | 153,322 | (4,041 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax benefit |
(2,037 | ) | (579 | ) | (1,699 | ) | ||||||
Loss before undistributed earnings of subsidiaries |
135,221 | 153,901 | (2,342 | ) | ||||||||
Distributions less (more) than earnings of subsidiaries |
(12,078 | ) | (36,463 | ) | 102,492 | |||||||
Net income |
$ | 123,143 | $ | 117,438 | $ | 100,150 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Statements of Cash Flows
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||||||
(In thousands) |
||||||||||||
Cash flows from Operating Activities |
||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 123,143 | $ | 117,438 | $ | 100,150 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Dividends in excess of earnings of subsidiaries |
12,078 | 36,463 | - | |||||||||
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries |
- | - | (102,492 | ) | ||||||||
Gains on sale of securities |
- | (3,380 | ) | - | ||||||||
Increase in accrued expense |
- | 12 | 24 | |||||||||
Write-downs on venture capital and other investments |
357 | 262 | 321 | |||||||||
Write-downs on impaired securities |
- | 181 | 200 | |||||||||
Loss/(gains) in fair value of warrants |
56 | 114 | (215 | ) | ||||||||
Excess tax short-fall from stock options |
2,509 | 620 | 290 | |||||||||
Net change in other assets |
(1,684 | ) | 1,820 | (121 | ) | |||||||
Net change in other liabilities |
27 | 59 | (221 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities |
136,486 | 153,589 | (2,064 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from Investment Activities |
||||||||||||
Decrease/(increase) in short-term investment |
123,300 | (142,300 | ) | 17,500 | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities |
- | 4,849 | - | |||||||||
Venture capital and other investments |
(835 | ) | (694 | ) | (671 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by/(used in) investment activities |
122,465 | (138,145 | ) | 16,829 | ||||||||
Cash flows from Financing Activities |
||||||||||||
Redemption of Series B preferred stock |
(258,000 | ) | - | - | ||||||||
Cash dividends |
(12,606 | ) | (16,049 | ) | (16,046 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from shares issued under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan |
605 | 291 | 287 | |||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
14,755 | 764 | 1,306 | |||||||||
Excess tax short-fall from share-based payment arrangements |
(2,509 | ) | (620 | ) | (290 | ) | ||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(257,755 | ) | (15,614 | ) | (14,743 | ) | ||||||
Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
1,196 | (170 | ) | 22 | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year |
639 | 809 | 787 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year |
$ | 1,835 | $ | 639 | $ | 809 |
21. Dividend Reinvestment Plan
The Company has a Dividend Reinvestment Plan which allows for participants’ reinvestment of cash dividends and certain optional additional investments in the Bancorp’s common stock. Shares issued under the plan and the consideration received were 25 ,984 shares for $605,000 in 2013, 17,956 shares for $291,000 in 2012, and 21,281 shares for $287,000 in 2011.
22 . Regulatory Matters
The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has established five capital ratio categories: “well capitalized ,” “adequately capitalized ,” “undercapitalized ,” “significantly undercapitalized ,” and “critically undercapitalized.” A well capitalized institution must have a Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 6%, a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10% , and a leverage ratio of at least 5%. At December 31, 2013 and 2012 , the Bank qualified as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.
The Bancorp’s and the Bank’s capital and leverage ratios as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012, are presented in the tables below:
As of December 31, 2013 |
As of December 31, 2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Company |
Bank |
Company |
Bank |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance |
Percentage |
Balance |
Percentage |
Balance |
Percentage |
Balance |
Percentage |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tier I Capital (to risk- weighted assets) |
$ | 1,288,892 | 15.04 | % | $ | 1,244,480 | 14.53 | % | $ | 1,426,566 | 17.36 | % | $ | 1,259,005 | 15.33 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Tier I Capital minimum requirement |
342,899 | 4.00 | 342,701 | 4.00 | 328,713 | 4.00 | 328,440 | 4.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Excess |
$ | 945,993 | 11.04 | % | $ | 901,779 | 10.53 | % | $ | 1,097,853 | 13.36 | % | $ | 930,565 | 11.33 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total Capital (to risk- weighted assets) |
$ | 1,401,319 | 16.35 | % | $ | 1,352,415 | 15.79 | % | $ | 1,571,060 | 19.12 | % | $ | 1,402,691 | 17.08 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total Capital minimum requirement |
685,799 | 8.00 | 685,402 | 8.00 | 657,426 | 8.00 | 656,880 | 8.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Excess |
$ | 715,520 | 8.35 | % | $ | 667,013 | 7.79 | % | $ | 913,634 | 11.12 | % | $ | 745,811 | 9.08 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Tier I Capital (to average assets) Leverage ratio |
$ | 1,288,892 | 12.48 | % | $ | 1,244,480 | 12.06 | % | $ | 1,426,566 | 13.82 | % | $ | 1,259,005 | 12.22 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Minimum leverage requirement |
413,158 | 4.00 | 412,815 | 4.00 | 412,844 | 4.00 | 412,272 | 4.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Excess |
$ | 875,734 | 8.48 | % | $ | 831,665 | 8.06 | % | $ | 1,013,722 | 9.82 | % | $ | 846,733 | 8.22 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total average assets (1) |
$ | 10,328,952 | $ | 10,320,368 | $ | 10,321,104 | $ | 10,306,790 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Risk-weighted assets |
$ | 8,572,487 | $ | 8,567,523 | $ | 8,217,821 | $ | 8,211,004 |
|
(1) |
Average assets represent average balances for the fourth quarter of each year presented. |
On December 17, 2009, the Bancorp entered into a memorandum of understanding with Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (the “FRB SF”). Although the memorandum of understanding was terminated effective April 5, 2013, we remain subject to Federal Reserve supervisory policies, including informing and consulting with the FRB SF sufficiently in advance of any planned capital actions (i.e. increased dividend payments or stock redemptions).
23 . Balance Sheet Offsetting
Certain financial instruments, including resell and repurchase agreements, securities lending arrangements and derivatives, may be eligible for offset in the consolidated balance sheet and/or subject to master netting arrangements or similar agreements. The Company’s securities sold with agreements to repurchase and derivative transactions with upstream financial institution counter parties are generally executed under International Swaps and Derivative Association master agreements which include “right of set-off” provisions. In such cases there is generally a legally enforceable right to offset recognized amounts and there may be an intention to settle such amounts on a net basis. Nonetheless, the Company does not generally offset such financial instruments for financial reporting purposes.
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Financial instruments that are eligible for offset in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as of December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012, are presented in the following tables:
Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities |
Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet |
Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Balance Sheet |
Financial Instruments |
Collateral Posted |
Net Amount |
||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2013 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
$ | 800,000 | $ | - | $ | 800,000 | $ | - | $ | (800,000 | ) | $ | - | |||||||||||
December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
$ | 1,250,000 | $ | - | $ | 1,250,000 | $ | - | $ | (1,250,000 | ) | $ | - |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
24 . Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)
The following table sets forth selected unaudited quarterly financial data:
Summary of Operations |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 |
2012 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
Third Quarter |
Second Quarter |
First Quarter |
Fourth Quarter |
Third Quarter |
Second Quarter |
First Quarter |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
$ | 101,621 | $ | 102,462 | $ | 100,862 | $ | 102,051 | $ | 105,281 | $ | 106,747 | $ | 107,581 | $ | 110,135 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
19,659 | 19,854 | 20,868 | 21,919 | 24,216 | 26,330 | 28,461 | 29,484 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
81,962 | 82,608 | 79,994 | 80,132 | 81,065 | 80,417 | 79,120 | 80,651 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reversal for credit losses |
- | (3,000 | ) | - | - | - | - | (5,000 | ) | (4,000 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net-interest income after provision for loan losses |
81,962 | 85,608 | 79,994 | 80,132 | 81,065 | 80,417 | 84,120 | 84,651 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest income |
8,345 | 16,720 | 20,361 | 14,881 | 12,202 | 15,622 | 9,852 | 8,831 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest expense |
40,319 | 50,670 | 53,716 | 49,128 | 49,532 | 47,844 | 47,342 | 47,871 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income before income tax expense |
49,988 | 51,658 | 46,639 | 45,885 | 43,735 | 48,195 | 46,630 | 45,611 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
17,946 | 19,029 | 16,573 | 16,887 | 15,276 | 17,686 | 16,619 | 16,547 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
32,042 | 32,629 | 30,066 | 28,998 | 28,459 | 30,509 | 30,011 | 29,064 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |
140 | 151 | 150 | 151 | 153 | 151 | 150 | 151 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Cathay General Bancorp |
31,902 | 32,478 | 29,916 | 28,847 | 28,306 | 30,358 | 29,861 | 28,913 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock |
- | (2,434 | ) | (2,067 | ) | (5,184 | ) | (4,127 | ) | (4,123 | ) | (4,121 | ) | (4,117 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders |
$ | 31,902 | $ | 30,044 | $ | 27,849 | $ | 23,663 | $ | 24,179 | $ | 26,235 | $ | 25,740 | $ | 24,796 | ||||||||||||||||
Basic net income attributable to common stockholders per common share |
$ | 0.40 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.35 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.31 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.32 | ||||||||||||||||
Diluted net income attributable to common stockholders per common share |
$ | 0.40 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.35 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.31 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.32 |
F-55
Exhibit 3.2
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP
(a Delaware corporation)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I |
||
OFFICES |
||
SECTION 1. |
Registered Office |
1 |
SECTION 2. |
Other Offices |
1 |
ARTICLE II |
||
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS |
||
SECTION 1. |
Place of Meetings |
1 |
SECTION 2. |
Annual Meeting |
1 |
SECTION 3. |
Business To Be Conducted At Meetings |
1 |
SECTION 4. |
Stockholders List |
2 |
SECTION 5. |
Special Meetings |
2 |
SECTION 6. |
Notice of Meetings |
2 |
SECTION 7. |
Quorum and Adjournment |
3 |
SECTION 8. |
Voting |
3 |
SECTION 9. |
Proxies |
4 |
SECTION 10. |
Action by Written Consent |
5 |
SECTION 11. |
Judges of Election |
5 |
SECTION 12. |
Conduct of Meetings |
5 |
ARTICLE III |
||
DIRECTORS |
||
SECTION 1. |
Powers |
6 |
SECTION 2. |
Number and Qualifications |
6 |
SECTION 3. |
Election, Term and Nominations |
6 |
SECTION 4. |
Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies |
7 |
SECTION 5. |
Resignation and Removal |
8 |
SECTION 6. |
Regular Meetings |
8 |
SECTION 7. |
Special Meetings |
8 |
SECTION 8. |
Notice |
8 |
SECTION 9. |
Quorum |
8 |
SECTION 10. |
Fees |
9 |
SECTION 11. |
Action Without Meetings |
9 |
SECTION 12. |
Meetings by Telephonic Communication |
9 |
ARTICLE IV |
||
COMMITTEES |
||
SECTION 1. |
Appointment |
9 |
SECTION 2. |
Powers |
9 |
SECTION 3. |
Proceedings |
10 |
SECTION 4. |
Fees |
10 |
SECTION 5. |
Office of the President/CEO |
10 |
ARTICLE V |
||
OFFICERS |
||
SECTION 1. |
Appointment and Compensation |
10 |
SECTION 2. |
Removal and Resignation |
10 |
SECTION 3. |
The Chairman of the Board |
10 |
SECTION 4. |
The Executive Vice Chairman/Chief Operating Officer |
11 |
SECTION 5. |
The President |
11 |
SECTION 6. |
The Vice President |
11 |
SECTION 7. |
The Secretary |
11 |
SECTION 8. |
The Assistant Secretary |
12 |
SECTION 9. |
The Treasurer |
12 |
SECTION 10. |
The Assistant Treasurer |
12 |
ARTICLE VI |
||
SHARES OF STOCK |
||
SECTION 1. |
Form of Certificate |
12 |
SECTION 2. |
Transfer Agents and Registrars |
12 |
SECTION 3. |
Transfers of Stock |
13 |
SECTION 4. |
Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates |
13 |
SECTION 5. |
Uncertificated Shares |
13 |
SECTION 6. |
Registered Stockholders |
13 |
ARTICLE VII |
||
RECORD DATES |
||
ARTICLE VIII |
||
GENERAL PROVISIONS |
||
SECTION 1. |
Seal |
14 |
SECTION 2. |
Fiscal Year |
14 |
SECTION 3. |
Manner of Notice |
14 |
SECTION 4. |
Waiver of Notice |
14 |
SECTION 5. |
Voting of Shares in Other Corporations |
15 |
SECTION 6. |
Dividends |
15 |
SECTION 7. |
Reserves |
15 |
ARTICLE IX |
||
INDEMNIFICATION |
||
SECTION 1. |
Actions, Suits or Proceedings Other than by or in the Right of the Corporation |
15 |
SECTION 2. |
Actions or Suits by or in the Right of the Corporation |
15 |
SECTION 3. |
Indemnification for Costs, Charges and Expenses of Successful Party |
16 |
SECTION 4. |
Determination of Right to Indemnification |
16 |
SECTION 5. |
Advance of Costs, Charges and Expenses |
16 |
SECTION 6. |
Procedure for Indemnification |
17 |
SECTION 7. |
Other Rights; Continuation of Right to Indemnification |
17 |
SECTION 8. |
Insurance |
17 |
SECTION 9. |
Savings Clause |
18 |
SECTION 10. |
Subsequent Amendment |
18 |
SECTION 11. |
Subsequent Legislation |
18 |
ARTICLE X |
||
AMENDMENTS |
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP
(a Delaware corporation)
Effective February 20, 2014
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
SECTION 1. Registered Office . The registered office of the Corporation shall be located at 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware, and the name of the registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.
SECTION 2. Other Offices . The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, either within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
SECTION 1. Place of Meetings . Meetings of stockholders shall be held at such time and place, within or without the State of Delaware, as may be designated by resolution of the Board of Directors from time to time.
SECTION 2. Annual Meeting . An annual meeting of stockholders for the election of Directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such date and time as may be designated by resolution of the Board of Directors from time to time.
SECTION 3. Business To Be Conducted At Meetings . At an annual meeting of stockholders, only such business shall be conducted, and only such proposals shall be acted upon as shall have been brought before the annual meeting (a) by, or at the direction of, a majority of the Board of Directors, or (b) by any stockholder of the Corporation who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section. For a proposal to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the scheduled annual meeting; provided, however, that if less than 70 days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the scheduled annual meeting is given or made, notice by the stockholder, to be timely, must be so delivered or received not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the earlier of the day on which such notice of the date of the scheduled annual meeting was mailed or the day on which such public disclosure was made. A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a brief description of the proposal desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (b) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books or as set forth on the stockholder’s stock certificates, of the stockholder proposing such business and any other stockholders known by such stockholder to be supporting such proposal, (c) the class and number of shares of the Corporation’s stock which are beneficially owned by the stockholder on the date of such stockholder notice and by any other stockholders known by such stockholder to be supporting such proposal on the date of such stockholder notice, and (d) any financial interest of the stockholder in such proposal. A majority of the Board of Directors may reject any stockholder proposal not timely made in accordance with the terms of this Section. If a majority of the Board of Directors determines that the information provided in a stockholder’s notice does not satisfy the informational requirements of this Section in any material respect, the Secretary of the Corporation shall promptly notify such stockholder of the deficiency in the notice. The stockholder shall have an opportunity to cure the deficiency by providing additional information to the Secretary within such period of time, not to exceed five business days from the date such deficiency notice is given to the stockholder, as a majority of the Board of Directors shall reasonably determine. If the deficiency is not cured within such period, or if a majority of the Board of Directors determines that the additional information provided by the stockholder, together with information previously provided, does not satisfy the requirements of this Section in any material respect, then a majority of the Board of Directors may reject such stockholder’s proposal. The Secretary of the Corporation shall notify a stockholder in writing whether his proposal has been made in accordance with the time and information requirements of this Section. Notwithstanding the procedures set forth in this paragraph, if the majority of the Board of Directors does not make a determination as to the compliance of any stockholder proposal with the requirements of this Section, the presiding officer of the annual meeting shall determine and declare at the annual meeting whether the stockholder proposal was made in accordance with the terms of this Section. If the presiding officer determines that a stockholder proposal was not made in accordance with the terms of this Section, he shall so declare at the annual meeting and such proposal shall not be acted upon at the annual meeting.
SECTION 4. Stockholders List . The officer who has charge of the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall prepare and make, in the time and manner required by applicable law, a list of stockholders entitled to vote and shall make such list available for such purposes, at such places, at such times and to such persons as required by applicable law. The stock transfer books shall be the only evidence as to the identity of the stockholders entitled to examine the stock transfer books or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.
SECTION 5. Special Meetings . Special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by applicable law or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the President, or a majority of the Board of Directors. Special meetings of stockholders may not be called by any other person or persons. The business transacted at any such special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purposes set forth in the notice of the meeting.
SECTION 6. Notice of Meetings . Written notice of each meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, stating the place, date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten or more than sixty days before the date of the meeting. In the case of a special meeting, such notice shall state the purpose or purposes for which such special meeting is called.
SECTION 7. Quorum and Adjournment . The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by applicable law or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation. The stockholders entitled to vote present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to do business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders entitled to vote to leave less than a quorum then present and represented. Any stockholders’ meeting, annual or special, whether or not a quorum is present or represented, may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock entitled to vote thereat, the holders of which are either present in person or represented by proxy, but in the absence of a quorum no other business may be transacted at such meeting. At any adjourned meeting, at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified, except for such business as was duly transacted at any earlier meeting. If an adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after an adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
SECTION 8. Voting .
(a) Unless otherwise provided by applicable law, by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or in any resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors providing for the issuance of a class or series of preferred stock or special stock of the Corporation, each holder of stock having voting power shall be entitled to one vote for each share of such stock held by such stockholder.
(b) Except as set forth below, election of directors at all meetings of the stockholders at which directors are to be elected shall be by ballot, and, subject to the rights of the holders of any class or series of preferred stock or special stock of the Corporation to elect directors under specified circumstances, the vote required for election of a director at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be that the number of votes cast “for” the director’s election exceeds the number of votes cast “against” or “withheld” from that director’s election, with “abstentions” and “broker non-votes” (or other shares of stock of the corporation similarly not entitled to vote on such election) not counted as votes cast either “for,” “against” or “withheld” from that director’s election. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a “contested election” of directors, directors shall be elected by the vote of a plurality of the votes cast at any meeting for the election of directors at which a quorum is present. For purposes of this Section 8, a “contested election” shall mean any election of directors in which the number of candidates for election as directors exceeds the number of directors to be elected, with the determination thereof being made by the Secretary as of the close of the applicable notice of nomination period set forth in Section 3(b) of Article III of these Bylaws or under applicable law, based on whether one or more notice(s) of nomination were timely filed in accordance with Section 3(b) of Article III of these Bylaws; provided, however, that the determination that an election is a “contested election” shall be determinative only as to the timeliness of a notice of nomination and not otherwise as to its validity. If, prior to the time the Corporation mails its initial proxy statement in connection with such election of directors, one or more notices of nomination are withdrawn such that the number of candidates for election as director no longer exceeds the number of directors to be elected, the election shall not be considered a contested election, but in all other cases, once an election is determined to be a contested election, directors shall be elected by the vote of a plurality of the votes cast.
(c) If a nominee for director who is an incumbent director fails to receive the requisite vote in an uncontested election, the director shall promptly tender to the Board of Directors his or her offer to resign from the Board of Directors. The Nomination and Governance Committee of the Board of Directors shall make a recommendation to the Board of Directors as to whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board of Directors shall act on the tendered resignation, taking into account the Nomination and Governance Committee’s recommendation, and all factors the Board of Directors deems relevant to the best interests of the Corporation. If the Board of Directors decides to reject the offer to resign, it shall publicly disclose (by a press release, a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or other broadly disseminated means of communication) the rationale behind its decision within 90 days after the date of the certification of the election results. The director who tenders his or her resignation shall not participate in the recommendation of the Nomination and Governance Committee or the decision of the Board of Directors with respect to his or her resignation. If such incumbent director’s resignation is not accepted by the Board of Directors, such director shall continue to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified. If a director’s offer to resign is accepted by the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 8(c), or if a nominee for director is not elected and the nominee is not an incumbent director, then the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may fill any resulting vacancy pursuant to the provisions of Section 4 of Article III of these Bylaws or may decrease the size of the Board of Directors pursuant to the provisions of Section 2 of Article III of these Bylaws.
(d) All matters other than the election of directors shall, unless otherwise provided by law, the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws be decided by the vote of the holders of shares of stock having a majority of the votes which could be cast by the holders of all shares of stock entitled to vote thereon which are present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting.
SECTION 9. Proxies . At each meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, every stockholder having the right to vote shall be entitled to vote in person or proxy. Any stockholder may authorize another person to act for him by proxy. A proxy must be in writing and executed by the stockholder or his or her duly authorized attorney. In lieu thereof, to the extent permitted by law, a proxy may be transmitted in a telegram, cablegram or other means of electronic transmission provided that the telegram, cablegram or electronic transmission either sets forth or is submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder. A copy, facsimile transmission or other reliable reproduction of a written or electronically-transmitted proxy authorized by this Section 9 may be substituted for or used in lieu of the original writing or electronic transmission. No proxy authorized by this Section 9 shall be voted or acted upon more than three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. No ballot, proxies or vote, nor any revocations thereof or changes thereto shall be accepted after the time set for the closing of the polls pursuant to Section 12 of Article II of these Bylaws. Each proxy shall be delivered to the inspectors of election prior to or at the meeting. The vote for directors shall be by ballot.
SECTION 10. Action by Written Consent . The stockholders of the Corporation shall not take action by written consent in lieu of taking such action at an annual or special meeting of stockholders.
SECTION 11. Judges of Election . The Corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Corporation may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. In the event that no inspector so appointed or designated is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability. The inspector or inspectors so appointed or designated shall (i) ascertain the number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation outstanding and the voting power of each such share, (ii) determine the shares of capital stock of the Corporation represented at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, (iii) count all votes and ballots, (iv) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (v) certify their determination of the number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation represented at the meeting and such inspectors’ count all votes and ballots. Such certification shall specify such other information as may be required by law. In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, the inspectors may consider such information as if permitted by applicable law. No person who is a candidate for office at an election may serve as an inspector of such election.
SECTION 12. Conduct of Meetings . The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at such meeting by the person presiding over the meeting. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may adopt by resolution such rules or regulations for the conduct of meetings of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the chair of any meeting of stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chair, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chair of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (1) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (2) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (3) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chair shall permit; (4) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (5) the limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. Unless, and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the chair of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with rules of parliamentary procedure.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
SECTION 1. Powers . The Board of Directors shall have the power to manage the property, business and affairs of the Corporation, and except as expressly limited by law, the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, to exercise all of its corporate powers.
SECTION 2. Number and Qualifications . The Board of Directors shall consist of 14 members. The number of directors may be changed from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors, but in no event may the number of directors be fewer than 3 nor greater than 25. Directors need not be stockholders.
SECTION 3. Election, Term and Nominations .
(a) The Board of Directors shall be classified as set forth in Article FIFTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation. The initial Class I, Class II and Class III Directors shall be those persons named as such by the Incorporator. Each Director so named shall serve for the term set forth in Article FIFTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified.
(b) Nominations of candidates for election as directors at any annual meeting of stockholders may be made by the Board of Directors or by any stockholder entitled to vote at such annual meeting. Only persons nominated in accordance with procedures set forth in this Section 3(b) shall be eligible for election as directors at an annual meeting. Nominations of candidates for election as directors by any stockholder shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation as set forth in this Section 3(b). To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the date of the scheduled annual meeting; provided, however, that if less than 70 days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the scheduled annual meeting is given or made, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered or received not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the earlier of the date on which such notice of the date of the scheduled annual meeting was mailed or the date on which such public disclosure was made. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth: (i) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (a) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (b) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (c) the class and number of shares of the Corporation’s stock which are beneficially owned by such person on the date of such stockholder notice, (d) any other information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Regulation 13D-G under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), in connection with the acquisition of shares, and pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, in connection with the solicitation of proxies with respect to nominees for election as directors, regardless of whether such person is subject to the provisions of such regulations, including, but not limited to, information required to be disclosed by Items 4(b) and 6 of Schedule A of Regulation 14A and information which would be required to be filed on Schedule B of Regulation 14A with the Securities and Exchange Commission and (e) the representation and agreement of such person that he or she will abide by the requirements of Section 8 of Article II of these Bylaws; and (ii) as to the stockholder giving the notice (a) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books or as set forth on the holder’s stock certificates, of such stockholder and any other stockholders known by such stockholder to be supporting such nominees, and (b) the class and number of shares of the Corporation’s stock which are beneficially owned by such stockholder on the date of such stockholder notice and beneficially owned by any other stockholders known by such stockholder to be supporting such nominees on the date of such stockholder notice. No person shall be elected as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 3(b). Ballots bearing the names of all the persons who have been nominated for election as directors at an annual meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 3(b) shall be provided for use at the annual meeting. A majority of the Board of Directors may reject any nomination by a stockholder not timely made in accordance with the requirements of this Section 3(b). If a majority of the Board of Directors determines that the information provided in a stockholder’s notice does not satisfy the informational requirements of this Section 3(b) in any material respect, the Secretary of the Corporation shall promptly notify such stockholder of the deficiency in the notice. The stockholder shall have an opportunity to cure the deficiency by providing additional information to the Secretary within such period of time, not to exceed five business days, from the date such deficiency notice is given to the stockholder, as the majority of the Board of Directors shall reasonably determine. If the deficiency is not cured with such period, or if a majority of the Board of Directors reasonably determines that the additional information provided by the stockholder, together with the information previously provided, does not satisfy the requirements of this Section 3(b) in any material respect, then the Board of Directors may reject such stockholder’s nomination. The Secretary of the Corporation shall notify a stockholder in writing whether his nomination has been made in accordance with the time and informational requirements of this Section 3(b). Notwithstanding the procedures set forth in this Section 3(b), if a majority of the Board of Directors does not make a determination as to the compliance of any nominations by a stockholder with the requirements of this Section, the presiding officer of the annual meeting shall determine and declare at the annual meeting whether a nomination was not made in accordance with the terms of this Section 3(b). If the presiding officer determines that a nomination was not made in accordance with the terms of this Section 3(b), he shall so declare at the annual meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.
SECTION 4. Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies . Except as otherwise provided for or fixed by or pursuant to the provisions of Article FOURTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or any resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors providing for the issuance of any class or series of stock having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors and any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other cause shall be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, even though less than a quorum of the Board of Directors; provided, however, that in the event that at the time of such vacancy or newly created directorship there is an Interested Stockholder (as defined in Article NINTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation), then, in addition to the vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, the filling of such vacancy or newly created directorship shall require the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors (as defined in Article NINTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation) then in office. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the new directorship was created or the vacancy occurred and until such director’s successor shall have been elected and qualified. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director. If the number of Directors is changed, any increase or decrease shall be apportioned among the three classes so as to make all classes as nearly equal in number as possible. If, consistent with the preceding requirement, the increase or decrease may be allocated to more than one class, the increase or decrease may be allocated to any such class the Board of Directors selects in its discretion.
SECTION 5. Resignation and Removal . Any Director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation. A Director may be removed only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the shares then entitled to vote in an election of Directors, which vote may only be taken at a meeting of stockholders called expressly for that purpose.
SECTION 6. Regular Meetings . Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without call or notice at such time and place either within or without the State of Delaware as shall from time to time be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 7. Special Meetings . Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called at any time, and for any purpose permitted by law, by the President, or by the Secretary on the written request of a majority of the members of the Board of Directors, which meetings shall be held at the time and place either within or without the State of Delaware designated by the person or persons calling the meeting.
SECTION 8. Notice . Notice of the time, place and purpose of any special meeting shall be given to the Directors by the Secretary, or in case of his absence, refusal or inability to act, by any other officer. Any such notice may be given by mail, by telegraph, by telephone, by facsimile or by personal service, to each of the Directors. If the notice is by mail, it shall be deposited in a United States Post Office at least forty-eight hours before the time of the meeting; if by facsimile, transmitted at least twelve hours before the time of the meeting; and if by telegraph, by deposit of the message with the telegraph company at least twelve hours before the time of the meeting; if by telephone or by personal service, given at least twelve hours before the time of the meeting.
SECTION 9. Quorum . At all meetings of the Board of Directors, one-third of the total number of directors, shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of the Directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by applicable law or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws. Any meeting of the Board of Directors may be adjourned to meet again at a stated day and hour. Even though no quorum is present a majority of the Directors present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, whether initial, regular or special, may adjourn from time to time until a quorum be had, but no later than the time fixed for the next regular meeting of the Board of Directors. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given.
SECTION 10. Fees . Each Director shall receive such fees and other compensation, along with reimbursement of expenses incurred on behalf of the Corporation or in connection with attendance at meetings, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. No such payment of fees or other compensation shall preclude any Director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving fees and compensation for such services.
SECTION 11. Action Without Meetings . Unless otherwise restricted by applicable law or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or such committee.
SECTION 12. Meetings by Telephonic Communication . Unless otherwise restricted by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, by applicable law or these Bylaws, members of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may participate in any meeting of the Board of Directors or committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 12 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
SECTION 1. Appointment . The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the Directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to be composed of members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more Directors as alternate members of any committee who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Each committee shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 2. Powers . Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors unless expressly limited by law in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, no such committee shall have any power or authority in reference to amending the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation, recommending to the stockholders entitled to vote the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s property and assets, recommending to the stockholders entitled to vote a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending these Bylaws; and, unless the resolution expressly so provides, no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance of any securities of the Corporation.
SECTION 3. Proceedings . Each such committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same upon request of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 4. Fees . Members of the various committees shall receive such fees and other compensation, along with reimbursement of expenses incurred on behalf of the Corporation or in connection with attendance of meetings, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. No such payment of fees or compensation shall preclude any member of a committee from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving fees and compensation for such services.
SECTION 5. Office of the President/CEO . The Office of the President/CEO shall consist of two members, the Executive Vice Chairman/Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation and the Chairman and President/CEO of the Corporation. The Office of the President/CEO shall nominate the executive officers of the Corporation for approval by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
SECTION 1. Appointment and Compensation . The Board of Directors shall appoint and fix the compensation of the officers of the Corporation who shall include a Chairman of the Board, an Executive Vice Chairman/Chief Operating Officer, a President, a Vice President, a Secretary, and a Treasurer. The Chairman of the Board must be appointed from among the Directors. The Board of Directors may appoint and fix the compensation of all such other officers (in-clouding additional Vice Presidents, Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers) as the Board of Directors may deem necessary or desirable. The Board of Directors, or if it fails to do so, the President, may appoint and fix the compensation of such other agents as either of them deem necessary or desirable, who shall have such powers and duties as may be assigned from time to time by either of them. Unless prohibited by applicable law or by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, one person may be elected or appointed to serve in more than one official capacity.
SECTION 2. Removal and Resignation . The officers shall hold office for such terms as the Board of Directors shall determine until their respective successors are appointed and qualified, except in the event of earlier removal or resignation. Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the Board of Directors. Any other agents of the Corporation may be similarly removed by the Board of Directors or by the President. Any officer may resign at any time by giving notice to the Board of Directors or to the Chairman of the Board or to the Secretary of the Corporation. Any such resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice or at any later time specified therein; and, unless otherwise specified in such notice, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
SECTION 3. The Chairman of the Board . The Chairman of the Board (if there is such an officer) shall, if present, preside at all meetings of the stockholders and at all meetings of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate the Chairman of the Board to be the chief executive officer of the Corporation. The Chairman of the Board shall exercise and perform such other powers and duties as are usually vested in a chairman of the board and (if so designated) in a chief executive officer or as may be from time to time prescribed or assigned by the Board of Directors or as may be prescribed by these Bylaws.
SECTION 4. The Executive Vice Chairman/Chief Operating Officer . The Executive Vice Chairman/Chief Operating Officer (if there is such an officer) shall have such powers and duties as may from time to time be prescribed or assigned by the Board of Directors or as may be prescribed by these Bylaws. In the absence of the Chairman of the Board or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, the Executive Vice Chairman/Chief Operating Officer, if present, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors. The Executive Vice Chairman/Chief Operating Officer shall also serve as the chief operating officer of the Corporation.
SECTION 5. The President . Subject to the control of the Board of Directors, the President shall have general supervision, management and control of the business, affairs and officers of this Corporation and shall, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors. The President shall be the chief executive officer unless if the Chairman of the Board has been designated to be the chief executive officer. The President shall exercise and perform such other powers and duties as are usually vested in a president and in a chief executive or operating officer (as the case may be) or as may be from time to time prescribed or assigned by the Board of Directors or as may be prescribed by these Bylaws.
SECTION 6. The Vice President . In the absence of the President or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, the Vice President (or if there be more than one Vice President, the Vice Presidents in the order of their rank or if of equal rank, then in the order designated by the Board of Directors or the President, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their appointment) shall perform the duties of the President, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Vice President shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 7. The Secretary . The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meetings of stockholders and record all the proceedings of the meetings of the Corporation and of the Board of Directors in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the committees when required. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, to the extent and in the manner required by applicable law or by these Bylaws. The Secretary shall have custody of the corporate seal of the Corporation and the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by the signature of the Secretary, or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by the signature of such officer. The Secretary shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the president may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 8. The Assistant Secretary . The Assistant Secretary (if there be more than one Assistant Secretary, the Assistant Secretaries in the order designated by the Board of Directors or the President or, in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their appointment), shall, in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of the Secretary’s inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President or the Secretary may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 9. The Treasurer . The Treasurer shall have both the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all monies and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer may disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors or the President, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the Board of Directors and the President an account of transactions and of the financial condition of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time prescribe.
SECTION 10. The Assistant Treasurer . The Assistant Treasurer (or if there be more than one Assistant Treasurer, the Assistant Treasurers in the order designated by the Board of Directors or the President or if there be no such designation, then in the order of their appointment) shall in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of the Treasurer’s inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer. The Assistant Treasurer shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Treasurer may from time to time prescribe.
ARTICLE VI
SHARES OF STOCK
SECTION 1. Form of Certificate . Every holder of stock in the Corporation represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate in form approved by the Board of Directors signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by the President or a Vice President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, representing the number of shares in the Corporation registered in certificate form in the holder’s name. Any or all signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. The corporate seal may, but need not, be placed upon the certificates representing the Corporation’s shares. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or countersigned, or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent, or registrar at the date of issue.
SECTION 2. Transfer Agents and Registrars . The Corporation may have one or more transfer agents and one or more registrars of its shares, whose respective duties shall be defined by the Board of Directors. Unless the Board of Directors specifically directs otherwise with respect to shares represented by a particular certificate, if the Board of Directors has appointed one or more transfer agents and registrars, such certificate for shares shall be countersigned by a transfer agent and registered by a registrar.
SECTION 3. Transfers of Stock . Upon surrender to the Corporation or a transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Corporation to issue or direct the issuance of a new certificate, or evidence the issuance of uncertificated shares, to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate, if any, and record the transaction upon its books. Upon the execution by the transferor and transferee of all transfer documents in such form as the Corporation shall reasonably require with respect to uncertificated shares, it shall be the duty of the Corporation to evidence the issuance of uncertificated shares to the person entitled thereto.
SECTION 4. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . The Board of Directors may issue or direct the issuance of a new certificate or uncertificated share in place of any certificate issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of a new certificate or uncertificated shares.
SECTION 5. Uncertificated Shares . Subject to any conditions imposed by Delaware Law, the Board may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of stock of the Corporation shall be represented by uncertificated shares. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of any uncertificated shares, the Corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof any written notice prescribed by Delaware Law.
SECTION 6. Registered Stockholders . The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the owner in fact to receive dividends, to vote, if entitled and for all other purposes and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, save as expressly provided by applicable law.
ARTICLE VII
RECORD DATES
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and which record date: (1) in the case of determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders or adjournment thereof, shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting; and (2) in the case of any other action, shall not be more than sixty days prior to such other action. If no record date is fixed: (1) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held; and (2) the record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 1. Seal . It shall not be necessary to the validity of any instrument executed by any authorized officer or officers of the Corporation, that the execution of such instrument be evidenced by the corporate seal, and all documents, instruments, contracts and writings of all kinds signed on behalf of the Corporation by any authorized officer or officers thereof shall be as effectual and binding on the Corporation without the corporate seal, as if the execution of the same had been evidenced by affixing the corporate seal thereto.
SECTION 2. Fiscal Year . The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 3. Manner of Notice . Whenever under the provisions of applicable law or of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or of these Bylaws notice is required to be given to any Director, committee member, officer or stockholder and except as otherwise provided therein, it shall not be construed to mean personal notice, but such notice may be given, in the case of stockholders, in writing, by mail, by depositing the same in the post office or letterbox, in a postpaid, sealed wrapper, addressed to such stockholder, at such address as appears in the record books of the Corporation, and, in the case of Directors, committee members and officers, by telephone, by mail, by facsimile or by telegram to the last address known to the Secretary of the Corporation, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be thus mailed, telegraphed, transmitted or telephoned.
SECTION 4. Waiver of Notice . Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of applicable law or of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or of these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted, nor the purpose of any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, Directors, or members of a committee of Directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice.
SECTION 5. Voting of Shares in Other Corporations . Shares in other corporations which are held by the Corporation may be represented and voted by the Chairman of the Board or the President or a Vice President or the Secretary of the Corporation or by proxy or proxies appointed by one of them. The Board of Directors may, however, direct the appearance or vote thereof and may appoint some other person to vote such shares generally or in respect of any particular matter.
SECTION 6. Dividends . Dividends upon stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors, out of funds lawfully available therefore, at any initial, regular or special meeting, pursuant to applicable law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of stock, subject to the provisions of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
SECTION 7. Reserves . There may be set aside at any time out of any funds of the Corporation such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or to equalize dividends, or to repair, maintain or improve any property of the Corporation, or for any other proper purpose as the Board of Directors shall determine and the Board of Directors may, to the same extent, modify or abolish any such reserve which has been established.
ARTICLE IX
INDEMNIFICATION
SECTION 1. Actions, Suits or Proceedings Other than by or in the Right of the Corporation . The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was or has agreed to become a Director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving or has agreed to serve at the request of the Corporation as a Director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against costs, charges, expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection with such action, suit or proceeding and any appeal therefrom, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation.
SECTION 2. Actions or Suits by or in the Right of the Corporation . The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was or has agreed to become a Director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving or has agreed to serve at the request of the Corporation as a Director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit and any appeal therefrom, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of Delaware or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of such liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such costs, charges and expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
SECTION 3. Indemnification for Costs, Charges and Expenses of Successful Party . Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Article IX, to the extent that a Director or officer of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise, including, without limitation, the dismissal of an action without prejudice, in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Sections 1 and 2 of this Article IX, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against all costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection therewith.
SECTION 4. Determination of Right to Indemnification . Any indemnification under Sections 1 and 2 of this Article IX (unless ordered by a court) shall be paid by the Corporation unless a determination is made (i) by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who were not parties to such action, suit or proceeding even if less than a quorum, or (ii) if such a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (iii) by the stockholders, that indemnification of the Director or officer is not proper in the circumstances because he has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 1 and 2 of this Article IX.
SECTION 5. Advance of Costs, Charges and Expenses . Costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by a person referred to in Sections 1 or 2 of this Article IX in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding; provided, however, that the payment of such costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by a Director or officer in his capacity as a Director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such person while a Director or officer) in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Director or officer to repay all amounts so advanced in the event that it shall ultimately be determined that such Director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article IX. Such costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the majority of the Board of Directors deems appropriate. The majority of the Board of Directors may, in the manner set forth above, and upon approval of such Director, officer, employer, employee or agent of the Corporation, authorize the Corporation’s counsel to represent such person, in any action, suit or proceeding, whether or not the Corporation is a party to such action, suit or proceeding.
SECTION 6. Procedure for Indemnification . Any indemnification under Sections 1, 2 and 3, or advance of costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) under Section 5 of this Article IX, shall be made promptly, and in any event within 60 days, upon the written request of the Director or officer. The right to indemnification or advances as granted by this Article IX shall be enforceable by the Director or officer in any court of competent jurisdiction, if the Corporation denies such request, in whole or in part, or if no disposition thereof is made within 60 days. Such person’s costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with successfully establishing his right to indemnification, in whole or in part, in any such action shall also be indemnified by the Corporation. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for the advance of costs, charges and expenses under Section 5 of this Article IX where the required undertaking, if any, has been received by the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standard of conduct set forth in Sections 1 or 2 of this Article IX, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, its independent legal counsel and its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 1 or 2 of this Article IX, nor the fact that there has been an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, its independent legal counsel and its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
SECTION 7. Other Rights; Continuation of Right to Indemnification . The indemnification provided by this Article IX shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any director, officer, employee or agent seeking indemnification may be entitled under any law (common or statutory), agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested Directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding office or while employed by or acting as agent for the Corporation, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Director, officer, employee or agent, and shall inure to the benefit of the estate, heirs, executors and administrators of such person. All rights to indemnification under this Article IX shall be deemed to be a contract between the Corporation and each Director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation who serves or served in such capacity at any time while this Article IX is in effect. Any repeal or modification of this Article IX or any repeal or modification of relevant provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or any other applicable laws shall not in any way diminish any rights to indemnification of such Director, officer, employee or agent or the obligations of the Corporation arising hereunder. This Article IX shall be binding upon any successor corporation to this Corporation, whether by way of acquisition, merger, consolidation or otherwise.
SECTION 8. Insurance . The Corporation shall purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was or has agreed to become a Director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a Director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him or on his behalf in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of this Article IX; provided, however, that such insurance is available on acceptable terms, which determination shall be made by a vote of a majority of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 9. Savings Clause . If this Article IX or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation (i) shall nevertheless indemnify each Director and officer of the Corporation, and (ii) may nevertheless indemnify each employee and agent of the Corporation, as to costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fine and amounts paid in settlement with respect to any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, including an action by or in the right of the Corporation, to the full extent permitted by any applicable portion of this Article IX that shall not have been invalidated and to the full extent permitted by applicable law.
SECTION 10. Subsequent Amendment . No amendment, modification or repeal of this Article IX shall affect or impair in any way the rights of any Director or officer of the Corporation to indemnification under the provisions hereof with respect to any action, suit or proceeding arising out of, or relating to, any actions, transactions or facts occurring prior to the final adoption of such amendment, termination or appeal.
SECTION 11. Subsequent Legislation . If the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware is amended to further expand the indemnification permitted to Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation, then the Corporation shall indemnify such persons to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as so amended.
ARTICLE X
AMENDMENTS
These Bylaws may be amended or repealed (i) by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the total Voting Power of the Corporation (as defined in Article FIFTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation) at a meeting of stockholders or (ii) by a resolution adopted by a majority of the Board of Directors then in office provided, however, that in the event that at the time of such action of the Board of Directors to amend or repeal these Bylaws there exists an Interested Stockholder (as defined in Article NINTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation), then, before such amendment or repeal shall become effective, it shall require the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors (as defined in Article NINTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation) then in office.
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EXHIBIT 3.4
CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATIONS
OF
FIXED RATE CUMULATIVE PERPETUAL PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES B
OF
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP
Cathay General Bancorp, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of Delaware (the “ Corporation ”), in accordance with the provisions of Section 151 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware thereof, does hereby certify:
The board of directors of the Corporation (the “ Board of Directors ”) or an applicable committee of the Board of Directors, in accordance with the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Corporation and applicable law, adopted the following resolution on November 20, 2008 creating a series of 258,000 shares of Preferred Stock of the Corporation designated as “ Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B ”.
RESOLVED , that pursuant to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Corporation and applicable law, a series of Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation be and hereby is created, and that the designation and number of shares of such series, and the voting and other powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, of the shares of such series, are as follows:
Part 1. Designation and Number of Shares . There is hereby created out of the authorized and unissued shares of preferred stock of the Corporation a series of preferred stock designated as the “Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B” (the “ Designated Preferred Stock ”). The authorized number of shares of Designated Preferred Stock shall be 258,000.
Part 2. Standard Provisions . The Standard Provisions contained in Annex A attached hereto are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and shall be deemed to be a part of this Certificate of Designations to the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein.
Part 3. Definitions . The following terms are used in this Certificate of Designations (including the Standard Provisions in Annex A hereto) as defined below:
(a) “ Common Stock ” means the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Corporation.
(b) “ Dividend Payment Date ” means February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year.
(c) “ Junior Stock ” means the Common Stock, Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock and any other class or series of stock of the Corporation the terms of which expressly provide that it ranks junior to Designated Preferred Stock as to dividend rights and/or as to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation.
(d) “ Liquidation Amount ” means $1,000 per share of Designated Preferred Stock.
(e) “ Minimum Amount ” means $64,500,000.
(f) “ Parity Stock ” means any class or series of stock of the Corporation (other than Designated Preferred Stock) the terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or series will rank senior or junior to Designated Preferred Stock as to dividend rights and/or as to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation (in each case without regard to whether dividends accrue cumulatively or non-cumulatively).
(g) “ Signing Date ” means the Original Issue Date.
Part 4. Certain Voting Matters . Holders of shares of Designated Preferred Stock will be entitled to one vote for each such share on any matter on which holders of Designated Preferred Stock are entitled to vote, including any action by written consent.
[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Cathay General Bancorp has caused this Certificate of Designations to be signed by Dunson K. Cheng, its Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, this 3rd day of December, 2008.
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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By: |
/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: Dunson K. Cheng Title: Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
STANDARD PROVISIONS
Section 1. General Matters . Each share of Designated Preferred Stock shall be identical in all respects to every other share of Designated Preferred Stock. The Designated Preferred Stock shall be perpetual, subject to the provisions of Section 5 of these Standard Provisions that form a part of the Certificate of Designations. The Designated Preferred Stock shall rank equally with Parity Stock and shall rank senior to Junior Stock with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the event of any dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation.
Section 2. Standard Definitions . As used herein with respect to Designated Preferred Stock:
(a) “ Applicable Dividend Rate ” means (i) during the period from the Original Issue Date to, but excluding, the first day of the first Dividend Period commencing on or after the fifth anniversary of the Original Issue Date, 5% per annum and (ii) from and after the first day of the first Dividend Period commencing on or after the fifth anniversary of the Original Issue Date, 9% per annum.
(b) “ Appropriate Federal Banking Agency ” means the “appropriate Federal banking agency” with respect to the Corporation as defined in Section 3(q) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. Section 1813(q)), or any successor provision.
(c) “ Business Combination ” means a merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange or similar transaction that requires the approval of the Corporation’s stockholders.
(d) “ Business Day ” means any day except Saturday, Sunday and any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York generally are authorized or required by law or other governmental actions to close.
(e) “ Bylaws ” means the bylaws of the Corporation, as they may be amended from time to time.
(f) “ Certificate of Designations ” means the Certificate of Designations or comparable instrument relating to the Designated Preferred Stock, of which these Standard Provisions form a part, as it may be amended from time to time.
(g) “ Charter ” means the Corporation’s certificate or articles of incorporation, articles of association, or similar organizational document.
(h) “ Dividend Period ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(a).
(i) “ Dividend Record Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(a).
(j) “ Liquidation Preference ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
(k) “ Original Issue Date ” means the date on which shares of Designated Preferred Stock are first issued.
(l) “ Preferred Director ” has the meaning set forth in Section 7(b).
(m) “ Preferred Stock ” means any and all series of preferred stock of the Corporation, including the Designated Preferred Stock.
(n) “ Qualified Equity Offering ” means the sale and issuance for cash by the Corporation to persons other than the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries after the Original Issue Date of shares of perpetual Preferred Stock, Common Stock or any combination of such stock, that, in each case, qualify as and may be included in Tier 1 capital of the Corporation at the time of issuance under the applicable risk-based capital guidelines of the Corporation’s Appropriate Federal Banking Agency (other than any such sales and issuances made pursuant to agreements or arrangements entered into, or pursuant to financing plans which were publicly announced, on or prior to October 13, 2008).
(o) “ Share Dilution Amount ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(b).
(p) “ Standard Provisions ” mean these Standard Provisions that form a part of the Certificate of Designations relating to the Designated Preferred Stock.
(q) “ Successor Preferred Stock ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5(a).
(r) “ Voting Parity Stock ” means, with regard to any matter as to which the holders of Designated Preferred Stock are entitled to vote as specified in Sections 7(a) and 7(b) of these Standard Provisions that form a part of the Certificate of Designations, any and all series of Parity Stock upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable with respect to such matter.
Section 3. Dividends .
(a) Rate . Holders of Designated Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, on each share of Designated Preferred Stock if, as and when declared by the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors, but only out of assets legally available therefor, cumulative cash dividends with respect to each Dividend Period (as defined below) at a rate per annum equal to the Applicable Dividend Rate on (i) the Liquidation Amount per share of Designated Preferred Stock and (ii) the amount of accrued and unpaid dividends for any prior Dividend Period on such share of Designated Preferred Stock, if any. Such dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative from the Original Issue Date, shall compound on each subsequent Dividend Payment Date ( i.e. , no dividends shall accrue on other dividends unless and until the first Dividend Payment Date for such other dividends has passed without such other dividends having been paid on such date) and shall be payable quarterly in arrears on each Dividend Payment Date, commencing with the first such Dividend Payment Date to occur at least 20 calendar days after the Original Issue Date. In the event that any Dividend Payment Date would otherwise fall on a day that is not a Business Day, the dividend payment due on that date will be postponed to the next day that is a Business Day and no additional dividends will accrue as a result of that postponement. The period from and including any Dividend Payment Date to, but excluding, the next Dividend Payment Date is a “ Dividend Period ”, provided that the initial Dividend Period shall be the period from and including the Original Issue Date to, but excluding, the next Dividend Payment Date.
Dividends that are payable on Designated Preferred Stock in respect of any Dividend Period shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. The amount of dividends payable on Designated Preferred Stock on any date prior to the end of a Dividend Period, and for the initial Dividend Period, shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months, and actual days elapsed over a 30-day month.
Dividends that are payable on Designated Preferred Stock on any Dividend Payment Date will be payable to holders of record of Designated Preferred Stock as they appear on the stock register of the Corporation on the applicable record date, which shall be the 15th calendar day immediately preceding such Dividend Payment Date or such other record date fixed by the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors that is not more than 60 nor less than 10 days prior to such Dividend Payment Date (each, a “ Dividend Record Date ”). Any such day that is a Dividend Record Date shall be a Dividend Record Date whether or not such day is a Business Day.
Holders of Designated Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to any dividends, whether payable in cash, securities or other property, other than dividends (if any) declared and payable on Designated Preferred Stock as specified in this Section 3 (subject to the other provisions of the Certificate of Designations).
(b) Priority of Dividends . So long as any share of Designated Preferred Stock remains outstanding, no dividend or distribution shall be declared or paid on the Common Stock or any other shares of Junior Stock (other than dividends payable solely in shares of Common Stock) or Parity Stock, subject to the immediately following paragraph in the case of Parity Stock, and no Common Stock, Junior Stock or Parity Stock shall be, directly or indirectly, purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired for consideration by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries unless all accrued and unpaid dividends for all past Dividend Periods, including the latest completed Dividend Period (including, if applicable as provided in Section 3(a) above, dividends on such amount), on all outstanding shares of Designated Preferred Stock have been or are contemporaneously declared and paid in full (or have been declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof has been set aside for the benefit of the holders of shares of Designated Preferred Stock on the applicable record date). The foregoing limitation shall not apply to (i) redemptions, purchases or other acquisitions of shares of Common Stock or other Junior Stock in connection with the administration of any employee benefit plan in the ordinary course of business (including purchases to offset the Share Dilution Amount (as defined below) pursuant to a publicly announced repurchase plan) and consistent with past practice, provided that any purchases to offset the Share Dilution Amount shall in no event exceed the Share Dilution Amount; (ii) purchases or other acquisitions by a broker-dealer subsidiary of the Corporation solely for the purpose of market-making, stabilization or customer facilitation transactions in Junior Stock or Parity Stock in the ordinary course of its business; (iii) purchases by a broker-dealer subsidiary of the Corporation of capital stock of the Corporation for resale pursuant to an offering by the Corporation of such capital stock underwritten by such broker-dealer subsidiary; (iv) any dividends or distributions of rights or Junior Stock in connection with a stockholders’ rights plan or any redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant to any stockholders’ rights plan; (v) the acquisition by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries of record ownership in Junior Stock or Parity Stock for the beneficial ownership of any other persons (other than the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries), including as trustees or custodians; and (vi) the exchange or conversion of Junior Stock for or into other Junior Stock or of Parity Stock for or into other Parity Stock (with the same or lesser aggregate liquidation amount) or Junior Stock, in each case, solely to the extent required pursuant to binding contractual agreements entered into prior to the Signing Date or any subsequent agreement for the accelerated exercise, settlement or exchange thereof for Common Stock. “ Share Dilution Amount ” means the increase in the number of diluted shares outstanding (determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, and as measured from the date of the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements most recently filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission prior to the Original Issue Date) resulting from the grant, vesting or exercise of equity-based compensation to employees and equitably adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend, reverse stock split, reclassification or similar transaction.
When dividends are not paid (or declared and a sum sufficient for payment thereof set aside for the benefit of the holders thereof on the applicable record date) on any Dividend Payment Date (or, in the case of Parity Stock having dividend payment dates different from the Dividend Payment Dates, on a dividend payment date falling within a Dividend Period related to such Dividend Payment Date) in full upon Designated Preferred Stock and any shares of Parity Stock, all dividends declared on Designated Preferred Stock and all such Parity Stock and payable on such Dividend Payment Date (or, in the case of Parity Stock having dividend payment dates different from the Dividend Payment Dates, on a dividend payment date falling within the Dividend Period related to such Dividend Payment Date) shall be declared pro rata so that the respective amounts of such dividends declared shall bear the same ratio to each other as all accrued and unpaid dividends per share on the shares of Designated Preferred Stock (including, if applicable as provided in Section 3(a) above, dividends on such amount) and all Parity Stock payable on such Dividend Payment Date (or, in the case of Parity Stock having dividend payment dates different from the Dividend Payment Dates, on a dividend payment date falling within the Dividend Period related to such Dividend Payment Date) (subject to their having been declared by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors out of legally available funds and including, in the case of Parity Stock that bears cumulative dividends, all accrued but unpaid dividends) bear to each other. If the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors determines not to pay any dividend or a full dividend on a Dividend Payment Date, the Corporation will provide written notice to the holders of Designated Preferred Stock prior to such Dividend Payment Date.
Subject to the foregoing, and not otherwise, such dividends (payable in cash, securities or other property) as may be determined by the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors may be declared and paid on any securities, including Common Stock and other Junior Stock, from time to time out of any funds legally available for such payment, and holders of Designated Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to participate in any such dividends.
Section 4. Liquidation Rights .
(a) Voluntary or Involuntary Liquidation . In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, holders of Designated Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive for each share of Designated Preferred Stock, out of the assets of the Corporation or proceeds thereof (whether capital or surplus) available for distribution to stockholders of the Corporation, subject to the rights of any creditors of the Corporation, before any distribution of such assets or proceeds is made to or set aside for the holders of Common Stock and any other stock of the Corporation ranking junior to Designated Preferred Stock as to such distribution, payment in full in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Liquidation Amount per share and (ii) the amount of any accrued and unpaid dividends (including, if applicable as provided in Section 3(a) above, dividends on such amount), whether or not declared, to the date of payment (such amounts collectively, the “ Liquidation Preference ”).
(b) Partial Payment . If in any distribution described in Section 4(a) above the assets of the Corporation or proceeds thereof are not sufficient to pay in full the amounts payable with respect to all outstanding shares of Designated Preferred Stock and the corresponding amounts payable with respect of any other stock of the Corporation ranking equally with Designated Preferred Stock as to such distribution, holders of Designated Preferred Stock and the holders of such other stock shall share ratably in any such distribution in proportion to the full respective distributions to which they are entitled.
(c) Residual Distributions . If the Liquidation Preference has been paid in full to all holders of Designated Preferred Stock and the corresponding amounts payable with respect of any other stock of the Corporation ranking equally with Designated Preferred Stock as to such distribution has been paid in full, the holders of other stock of the Corporation shall be entitled to receive all remaining assets of the Corporation (or proceeds thereof) according to their respective rights and preferences.
(d) Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets Not Liquidation . For purposes of this Section 4, the merger or consolidation of the Corporation with any other corporation or other entity, including a merger or consolidation in which the holders of Designated Preferred Stock receive cash, securities or other property for their shares, or the sale, lease or exchange (for cash, securities or other property) of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, shall not constitute a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation.
Section 5. Redemption .
(a) Optional Redemption . Except as provided below, the Designated Preferred Stock may not be redeemed prior to the first Dividend Payment Date falling on or after the third anniversary of the Original Issue Date. On or after the first Dividend Payment Date falling on or after the third anniversary of the Original Issue Date, the Corporation, at its option, subject to the approval of the Appropriate Federal Banking Agency, may redeem, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time, out of funds legally available therefor, the shares of Designated Preferred Stock at the time outstanding, upon notice given as provided in Section 5(c) below, at a redemption price equal to the sum of (i) the Liquidation Amount per share and (ii) except as otherwise provided below, any accrued and unpaid dividends (including, if applicable as provided in Section 3(a) above, dividends on such amount) (regardless of whether any dividends are actually declared) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, prior to the first Dividend Payment Date falling on or after the third anniversary of the Original Issue Date, the Corporation, at its option, subject to the approval of the Appropriate Federal Banking Agency, may redeem, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time, the shares of Designated Preferred Stock at the time outstanding, upon notice given as provided in Section 5(c) below, at a redemption price equal to the sum of (i) the Liquidation Amount per share and (ii) except as otherwise provided below, any accrued and unpaid dividends (including, if applicable as provided in Section 3(a) above, dividends on such amount) (regardless of whether any dividends are actually declared) to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption; provided that (x) the Corporation (or any successor by Business Combination) has received aggregate gross proceeds of not less than the Minimum Amount (plus the “Minimum Amount” as defined in the relevant certificate of designations for each other outstanding series of preferred stock of such successor that was originally issued to the United States Department of the Treasury (the “ Successor Preferred Stock ”) in connection with the Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program) from one or more Qualified Equity Offerings (including Qualified Equity Offerings of such successor), and (y) the aggregate redemption price of the Designated Preferred Stock (and any Successor Preferred Stock) redeemed pursuant to this paragraph may not exceed the aggregate net cash proceeds received by the Corporation (or any successor by Business Combination) from such Qualified Equity Offerings (including Qualified Equity Offerings of such successor).
The redemption price for any shares of Designated Preferred Stock shall be payable on the redemption date to the holder of such shares against surrender of the certificate(s) evidencing such shares to the Corporation or its agent. Any declared but unpaid dividends payable on a redemption date that occurs subsequent to the Dividend Record Date for a Dividend Period shall not be paid to the holder entitled to receive the redemption price on the redemption date, but rather shall be paid to the holder of record of the redeemed shares on such Dividend Record Date relating to the Dividend Payment Date as provided in Section 3 above.
(b) No Sinking Fund . The Designated Preferred Stock will not be subject to any mandatory redemption, sinking fund or other similar provisions. Holders of Designated Preferred Stock will have no right to require redemption or repurchase of any shares of Designated Preferred Stock.
(c) Notice of Redemption . Notice of every redemption of shares of Designated Preferred Stock shall be given by first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed to the holders of record of the shares to be redeemed at their respective last addresses appearing on the books of the Corporation. Such mailing shall be at least 30 days and not more than 60 days before the date fixed for redemption. Any notice mailed as provided in this Subsection shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the holder receives such notice, but failure duly to give such notice by mail, or any defect in such notice or in the mailing thereof, to any holder of shares of Designated Preferred Stock designated for redemption shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other shares of Designated Preferred Stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if shares of Designated Preferred Stock are issued in book-entry form through The Depository Trust Corporation or any other similar facility, notice of redemption may be given to the holders of Designated Preferred Stock at such time and in any manner permitted by such facility. Each notice of redemption given to a holder shall state: (1) the redemption date; (2) the number of shares of Designated Preferred Stock to be redeemed and, if less than all the shares held by such holder are to be redeemed, the number of such shares to be redeemed from such holder; (3) the redemption price; and (4) the place or places where certificates for such shares are to be surrendered for payment of the redemption price.
(d) Partial Redemption . In case of any redemption of part of the shares of Designated Preferred Stock at the time outstanding, the shares to be redeemed shall be selected either pro rata or in such other manner as the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee thereof may determine to be fair and equitable. Subject to the provisions hereof, the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee thereof shall have full power and authority to prescribe the terms and conditions upon which shares of Designated Preferred Stock shall be redeemed from time to time. If fewer than all the shares represented by any certificate are redeemed, a new certificate shall be issued representing the unredeemed shares without charge to the holder thereof.
(e) Effectiveness of Redemption . If notice of redemption has been duly given and if on or before the redemption date specified in the notice all funds necessary for the redemption have been deposited by the Corporation, in trust for the pro rata benefit of the holders of the shares called for redemption, with a bank or trust company doing business in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and having a capital and surplus of at least $500 million and selected by the Board of Directors, so as to be and continue to be available solely therefor, then, notwithstanding that any certificate for any share so called for redemption has not been surrendered for cancellation, on and after the redemption date dividends shall cease to accrue on all shares so called for redemption, all shares so called for redemption shall no longer be deemed outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares shall forthwith on such redemption date cease and terminate, except only the right of the holders thereof to receive the amount payable on such redemption from such bank or trust company, without interest. Any funds unclaimed at the end of three years from the redemption date shall, to the extent permitted by law, be released to the Corporation, after which time the holders of the shares so called for redemption shall look only to the Corporation for payment of the redemption price of such shares.
(f) Status of Redeemed Shares . Shares of Designated Preferred Stock that are redeemed, repurchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation shall revert to authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock ( provided that any such cancelled shares of Designated Preferred Stock may be reissued only as shares of any series of Preferred Stock other than Designated Preferred Stock).
Section 6. Conversion . Holders of Designated Preferred Stock shares shall have no right to exchange or convert such shares into any other securities.
Section 7. Voting Rights .
(a) General . The holders of Designated Preferred Stock shall not have any voting rights except as set forth below or as otherwise from time to time required by law.
(b) Preferred Stock Directors . Whenever, at any time or times, dividends payable on the shares of Designated Preferred Stock have not been paid for an aggregate of six quarterly Dividend Periods or more, whether or not consecutive, the authorized number of directors of the Corporation shall automatically be increased by two and the holders of the Designated Preferred Stock shall have the right, with holders of shares of any one or more other classes or series of Voting Parity Stock outstanding at the time, voting together as a class, to elect two directors (hereinafter the “ Preferred Directors” and each a “ Preferred Director” ) to fill such newly created directorships at the Corporation’s next annual meeting of stockholders (or at a special meeting called for that purpose prior to such next annual meeting) and at each subsequent annual meeting of stockholders until all accrued and unpaid dividends for all past Dividend Periods, including the latest completed Dividend Period (including, if applicable as provided in Section 3(a) above, dividends on such amount), on all outstanding shares of Designated Preferred Stock have been declared and paid in full at which time such right shall terminate with respect to the Designated Preferred Stock, except as herein or by law expressly provided, subject to revesting in the event of each and every subsequent default of the character above mentioned; provided that it shall be a qualification for election for any Preferred Director that the election of such Preferred Director shall not cause the Corporation to violate any corporate governance requirements of any securities exchange or other trading facility on which securities of the Corporation may then be listed or traded that listed or traded companies must have a majority of independent directors. Upon any termination of the right of the holders of shares of Designated Preferred Stock and Voting Parity Stock as a class to vote for directors as provided above, the Preferred Directors shall cease to be qualified as directors, the term of office of all Preferred Directors then in office shall terminate immediately and the authorized number of directors shall be reduced by the number of Preferred Directors elected pursuant hereto. Any Preferred Director may be removed at any time, with or without cause, and any vacancy created thereby may be filled, only by the affirmative vote of the holders a majority of the shares of Designated Preferred Stock at the time outstanding voting separately as a class together with the holders of shares of Voting Parity Stock, to the extent the voting rights of such holders described above are then exercisable. If the office of any Preferred Director becomes vacant for any reason other than removal from office as aforesaid, the remaining Preferred Director may choose a successor who shall hold office for the unexpired term in respect of which such vacancy occurred.
(c) Class Voting Rights as to Particular Matters . So long as any shares of Designated Preferred Stock are outstanding, in addition to any other vote or consent of stockholders required by law or by the Charter, the vote or consent of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the shares of Designated Preferred Stock at the time outstanding, voting as a separate class, given in person or by proxy, either in writing without a meeting or by vote at any meeting called for the purpose, shall be necessary for effecting or validating:
(i) Authorization of Senior Stock . Any amendment or alteration of the Certificate of Designations for the Designated Preferred Stock or the Charter to authorize or create or increase the authorized amount of, or any issuance of, any shares of, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of, any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation ranking senior to Designated Preferred Stock with respect to either or both the payment of dividends and/or the distribution of assets on any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation;
(ii) Amendment of Designated Preferred Stock . Any amendment, alteration or repeal of any provision of the Certificate of Designations for the Designated Preferred Stock or the Charter (including, unless no vote on such merger or consolidation is required by Section 7(c)(iii) below, any amendment, alteration or repeal by means of a merger, consolidation or otherwise) so as to adversely affect the rights, preferences, privileges or voting powers of the Designated Preferred Stock; or
(iii) Share Exchanges, Reclassifications, Mergers and Consolidations . Any consummation of a binding share exchange or reclassification involving the Designated Preferred Stock, or of a merger or consolidation of the Corporation with another corporation or other entity, unless in each case (x) the shares of Designated Preferred Stock remain outstanding or, in the case of any such merger or consolidation with respect to which the Corporation is not the surviving or resulting entity, are converted into or exchanged for preference securities of the surviving or resulting entity or its ultimate parent, and (y) such shares remaining outstanding or such preference securities, as the case may be, have such rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers, and limitations and restrictions thereof, taken as a whole, as are not materially less favorable to the holders thereof than the rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers, and limitations and restrictions thereof, of Designated Preferred Stock immediately prior to such consummation, taken as a whole;
provided , however , that for all purposes of this Section 7(c), any increase in the amount of the authorized Preferred Stock, including any increase in the authorized amount of Designated Preferred Stock necessary to satisfy preemptive or similar rights granted by the Corporation to other persons prior to the Signing Date, or the creation and issuance, or an increase in the authorized or issued amount, whether pursuant to preemptive or similar rights or otherwise, of any other series of Preferred Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any other series of Preferred Stock, ranking equally with and/or junior to Designated Preferred Stock with respect to the payment of dividends (whether such dividends are cumulative or non-cumulative) and the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation will not be deemed to adversely affect the rights, preferences, privileges or voting powers, and shall not require the affirmative vote or consent of, the holders of outstanding shares of the Designated Preferred Stock.
(d) Changes after Provision for Redemption . No vote or consent of the holders of Designated Preferred Stock shall be required pursuant to Section 7(c) above if, at or prior to the time when any such vote or consent would otherwise be required pursuant to such Section, all outstanding shares of the Designated Preferred Stock shall have been redeemed, or shall have been called for redemption upon proper notice and sufficient funds shall have been deposited in trust for such redemption, in each case pursuant to Section 5 above.
(e) Procedures for Voting and Consents . The rules and procedures for calling and conducting any meeting of the holders of Designated Preferred Stock (including, without limitation, the fixing of a record date in connection therewith), the solicitation and use of proxies at such a meeting, the obtaining of written consents and any other aspect or matter with regard to such a meeting or such consents shall be governed by any rules of the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors, in its discretion, may adopt from time to time, which rules and procedures shall conform to the requirements of the Charter, the Bylaws, and applicable law and the rules of any national securities exchange or other trading facility on which Designated Preferred Stock is listed or traded at the time.
Section 8. Record Holders . To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation and the transfer agent for Designated Preferred Stock may deem and treat the record holder of any share of Designated Preferred Stock as the true and lawful owner thereof for all purposes, and neither the Corporation nor such transfer agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.
Section 9. Notices . All notices or communications in respect of Designated Preferred Stock shall be sufficiently given if given in writing and delivered in person or by first class mail, postage prepaid, or if given in such other manner as may be permitted in this Certificate of Designations, in the Charter or Bylaws or by applicable law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if shares of Designated Preferred Stock are issued in book-entry form through The Depository Trust Corporation or any similar facility, such notices may be given to the holders of Designated Preferred Stock in any manner permitted by such facility.
Section 10. No Preemptive Rights . No share of Designated Preferred Stock shall have any rights of preemption whatsoever as to any securities of the Corporation, or any warrants, rights or options issued or granted with respect thereto, regardless of how such securities, or such warrants, rights or options, may be designated, issued or granted.
Section 11. Replacement Certificates . The Corporation shall replace any mutilated certificate at the holder’s expense upon surrender of that certificate to the Corporation. The Corporation shall replace certificates that become destroyed, stolen or lost at the holder’s expense upon delivery to the Corporation of reasonably satisfactory evidence that the certificate has been destroyed, stolen or lost, together with any indemnity that may be reasonably required by the Corporation.
Section 12. Other Rights . The shares of Designated Preferred Stock shall not have any rights, preferences, privileges or voting powers or relative, participating, optional or other special rights, or qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, other than as set forth herein or in the Charter or as provided by applicable law.
A-10
EXHIBIT 4.2
WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT WHILE A REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING THERETO IS IN EFFECT UNDER SUCH ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER SUCH ACT OR SUCH LAWS. THIS INSTRUMENT IS ISSUED SUBJECT TO THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF A SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES AND THE INVESTOR REFERRED TO THEREIN, A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE WITH THE ISSUER. THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT MAY NOT BE SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SAID AGREEMENT. ANY SALE OR OTHER TRANSFER NOT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SAID AGREEMENT WILL BE VOID.
WARRANT
to purchase
1,846,374
Shares of Common Stock
of Cathay General Bancorp
Issue Date: December 5, 2008
1. Definitions . Unless the context otherwise requires, when used herein the following terms shall have the meanings indicated.
“ Affiliate ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the Purchase Agreement.
“ Appraisal Procedure ” means a procedure whereby two independent appraisers, one chosen by the Company and one by the Original Warrantholder, shall mutually agree upon the determinations then the subject of appraisal. Each party shall deliver a notice to the other appointing its appraiser within 15 days after the Appraisal Procedure is invoked. If within 30 days after appointment of the two appraisers they are unable to agree upon the amount in question, a third independent appraiser shall be chosen within 10 days thereafter by the mutual consent of such first two appraisers. The decision of the third appraiser so appointed and chosen shall be given within 30 days after the selection of such third appraiser. If three appraisers shall be appointed and the determination of one appraiser is disparate from the middle determination by more than twice the amount by which the other determination is disparate from the middle determination, then the determination of such appraiser shall be excluded, the remaining two determinations shall be averaged and such average shall be binding and conclusive upon the Company and the Original Warrantholder; otherwise, the average of all three determinations shall be binding upon the Company and the Original Warrantholder. The costs of conducting any Appraisal Procedure shall be borne by the Company.
“ Board of Directors ” means the board of directors of the Company, including any duly authorized committee thereof.
“ Business Combination ” means a merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange or similar transaction that requires the approval of the Company’s stockholders.
“ business day ” means any day except Saturday, Sunday and any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York generally are authorized or required by law or other governmental actions to close.
“ Capital Stock ” means (A) with respect to any Person that is a corporation or company, any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents (however designated) of capital or capital stock of such Person and (B) with respect to any Person that is not a corporation or company, any and all partnership or other equity interests of such Person.
“ Charter ” means, with respect to any Person, its certificate or articles of incorporation, articles of association, or similar organizational document.
“ Common Stock ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the Purchase Agreement.
“ Company ” means the Person whose name, corporate or other organizational form and jurisdiction of organization is set forth in Item 1 of Schedule A hereto.
“ conversion ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13(B).
“ convertible securities ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13(B).
“ CPP ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the Purchase Agreement.
“ Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“ Exercise Price ” means the amount set forth in Item 2 of Schedule A hereto.
“ Expiration Time ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.
“ Fair Market Value ” means, with respect to any security or other property, the fair market value of such security or other property as determined by the Board of Directors, acting in good faith or, with respect to Section 14, as determined by the Original Warrantholder acting in good faith. For so long as the Original Warrantholder holds this Warrant or any portion thereof, it may object in writing to the Board of Director’s calculation of fair market value within 10 days of receipt of written notice thereof. If the Original Warrantholder and the Company are unable to agree on fair market value during the 10-day period following the delivery of the Original Warrantholder’s objection, the Appraisal Procedure may be invoked by either party to determine Fair Market Value by delivering written notification thereof not later than the 30 th day after delivery of the Original Warrantholder’s objection.
“ Governmental Entities ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the Purchase Agreement.
“ Initial Number ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13(B).
“Issue Date” means the date set forth in Item 3 of Schedule A hereto.
“ Market Price ” means, with respect to a particular security, on any given day, the last reported sale price regular way or, in case no such reported sale takes place on such day, the average of the last closing bid and ask prices regular way, in either case on the principal national securities exchange on which the applicable securities are listed or admitted to trading, or if not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the average of the closing bid and ask prices as furnished by two members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. selected from time to time by the Company for that purpose. “Market Price” shall be determined without reference to after hours or extended hours trading. If such security is not listed and traded in a manner that the quotations referred to above are available for the period required hereunder, the Market Price per share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be (i) in the event that any portion of the Warrant is held by the Original Warrantholder, the fair market value per share of such security as determined in good faith by the Original Warrantholder or (ii) in all other circumstances, the fair market value per share of such security as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors in reliance on an opinion of a nationally recognized independent investment banking corporation retained by the Company for this purpose and certified in a resolution to the Warrantholder. For the purposes of determining the Market Price of the Common Stock on the “trading day” preceding, on or following the occurrence of an event, (i) that trading day shall be deemed to commence immediately after the regular scheduled closing time of trading on the New York Stock Exchange or, if trading is closed at an earlier time, such earlier time and (ii) that trading day shall end at the next regular scheduled closing time, or if trading is closed at an earlier time, such earlier time (for the avoidance of doubt, and as an example, if the Market Price is to be determined as of the last trading day preceding a specified event and the closing time of trading on a particular day is 4:00 p.m. and the specified event occurs at 5:00 p.m. on that day, the Market Price would be determined by reference to such 4:00 p.m. closing price).
“ Ordinary Cash Dividends ” means a regular quarterly cash dividend on shares of Common Stock out of surplus or net profits legally available therefor (determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in effect from time to time), provided that Ordinary Cash Dividends shall not include any cash dividends paid subsequent to the Issue Date to the extent the aggregate per share dividends paid on the outstanding Common Stock in any quarter exceed the amount set forth in Item 4 of Schedule A hereto, as adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend, reverse stock split, reclassification or similar transaction.
“ Original Warrantholder ” means the United States Department of the Treasury. Any actions specified to be taken by the Original Warrantholder hereunder may only be taken by such Person and not by any other Warrantholder.
“ Permitted Transactions ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13(B).
“ Person ” has the meaning given to it in Section 3(a)(9) of the Exchange Act and as used in Sections 13(d)(3) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act.
“ Per Share Fair Market Value ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13(C).
“Preferred Shares ” means the perpetual preferred stock issued to the Original Warrantholder on the Issue Date pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
“ Pro Rata Repurchases ” means any purchase of shares of Common Stock by the Company or any Affiliate thereof pursuant to (A) any tender offer or exchange offer subject to Section 13(e) or 14(e) of the Exchange Act or Regulation 14E promulgated thereunder or (B) any other offer available to substantially all holders of Common Stock, in the case of both (A) or (B), whether for cash, shares of Capital Stock of the Company, other securities of the Company, evidences of indebtedness of the Company or any other Person or any other property (including, without limitation, shares of Capital Stock, other securities or evidences of indebtedness of a subsidiary), or any combination thereof, effected while this Warrant is outstanding. The “ Effective Date ” of a Pro Rata Repurchase shall mean the date of acceptance of shares for purchase or exchange by the Company under any tender or exchange offer which is a Pro Rata Repurchase or the date of purchase with respect to any Pro Rata Repurchase that is not a tender or exchange offer.
“ Purchase Agreement ” means the Securities Purchase Agreement - Standard Terms incorporated into the Letter Agreement, dated as of the date set forth in Item 5 of Schedule A hereto, as amended from time to time, between the Company and the United States Department of the Treasury (the “ Letter Agreement ”), including all annexes and schedules thereto.
“ Qualified Equity Offering ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the Purchase Agreement.
“ Regulatory Approvals ” with respect to the Warrantholder, means, to the extent applicable and required to permit the Warrantholder to exercise this Warrant for shares of Common Stock and to own such Common Stock without the Warrantholder being in violation of applicable law, rule or regulation, the receipt of any necessary approvals and authorizations of, filings and registrations with, notifications to, or expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under, the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.
“ SEC ” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“ Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“ Shares ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.
“Trading day” means (A) if the shares of Common Stock are not traded on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market, a business day or (B) if the shares of Common Stock are traded on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market, a business day on which such relevant exchange or quotation system is scheduled to be open for business and on which the shares of Common Stock (i) are not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market for any period or periods aggregating one half hour or longer; and (ii) have traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the shares of Common Stock.
“ U.S. GAAP ” means United States generally accepted accounting principles.
“ Warrantholder ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.
“ Warrant ” means this Warrant, issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
2. Number of Shares; Exercise Price . This certifies that, for value received, the United States Department of the Treasury or its permitted assigns (the “ Warrantholder ”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth, to acquire from the Company, in whole or in part, after the receipt of all applicable Regulatory Approvals, if any, up to an aggregate of the number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock set forth in Item 6 of Schedule A hereto, at a purchase price per share of Common Stock equal to the Exercise Price. The number of shares of Common Stock (the “ Shares ”) and the Exercise Price are subject to adjustment as provided herein, and all references to “Common Stock,” “Shares” and “Exercise Price” herein shall be deemed to include any such adjustment or series of adjustments.
3. Exercise of Warrant; Term . Subject to Section 2, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, the right to purchase the Shares represented by this Warrant is exercisable, in whole or in part by the Warrantholder, at any time or from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Warrant by the Company on the date hereof, but in no event later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the tenth anniversary of the Issue Date (the “ Expiration Time ”), by (A) the surrender of this Warrant and Notice of Exercise annexed hereto, duly completed and executed on behalf of the Warrantholder, at the principal executive office of the Company located at the address set forth in Item 7 of Schedule A hereto (or such other office or agency of the Company in the United States as it may designate by notice in writing to the Warrantholder at the address of the Warrantholder appearing on the books of the Company), and (B) payment of the Exercise Price for the Shares thereby purchased:
(i) by having the Company withhold, from the shares of Common Stock that would otherwise be delivered to the Warrantholder upon such exercise, shares of Common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant equal in value to the aggregate Exercise Price as to which this Warrant is so exercised based on the Market Price of the Common Stock on the trading day on which this Warrant is exercised and the Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company pursuant to this Section 3, or
(ii) with the consent of both the Company and the Warrantholder, by tendering in cash, by certified or cashier’s check payable to the order of the Company, or by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Company.
If the Warrantholder does not exercise this Warrant in its entirety, the Warrantholder will be entitled to receive from the Company within a reasonable time, and in any event not exceeding three business days, a new warrant in substantially identical form for the purchase of that number of Shares equal to the difference between the number of Shares subject to this Warrant and the number of Shares as to which this Warrant is so exercised. Notwithstanding anything in this Warrant to the contrary, the Warrantholder hereby acknowledges and agrees that its exercise of this Warrant for Shares is subject to the condition that the Warrantholder will have first received any applicable Regulatory Approvals.
4. Issuance of Shares; Authorization; Listing . Certificates for Shares issued upon exercise of this Warrant will be issued in such name or names as the Warrantholder may designate and will be delivered to such named Person or Persons within a reasonable time, not to exceed three business days after the date on which this Warrant has been duly exercised in accordance with the terms of this Warrant. The Company hereby represents and warrants that any Shares issued upon the exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 will be duly and validly authorized and issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges (other than liens or charges created by the Warrantholder, income and franchise taxes incurred in connection with the exercise of the Warrant or taxes in respect of any transfer occurring contemporaneously therewith). The Company agrees that the Shares so issued will be deemed to have been issued to the Warrantholder as of the close of business on the date on which this Warrant and payment of the Exercise Price are delivered to the Company in accordance with the terms of this Warrant, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Company may then be closed or certificates representing such Shares may not be actually delivered on such date. The Company will at all times reserve and keep available, out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock, solely for the purpose of providing for the exercise of this Warrant, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock then issuable upon exercise of this Warrant at any time. The Company will (A) procure, at its sole expense, the listing of the Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant at any time, subject to issuance or notice of issuance, on all principal stock exchanges on which the Common Stock is then listed or traded and (B) maintain such listings of such Shares at all times after issuance. The Company will use reasonable best efforts to ensure that the Shares may be issued without violation of any applicable law or regulation or of any requirement of any securities exchange on which the Shares are listed or traded.
5. No Fractional Shares or Scrip . No fractional Shares or scrip representing fractional Shares shall be issued upon any exercise of this Warrant. In lieu of any fractional Share to which the Warrantholder would otherwise be entitled, the Warrantholder shall be entitled to receive a cash payment equal to the Market Price of the Common Stock on the last trading day preceding the date of exercise less the pro-rated Exercise Price for such fractional share.
6. No Rights as Stockholders; Transfer Books . This Warrant does not entitle the Warrantholder to any voting rights or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the date of exercise hereof. The Company will at no time close its transfer books against transfer of this Warrant in any manner which interferes with the timely exercise of this Warrant.
7. Charges, Taxes and Expenses . Issuance of certificates for Shares to the Warrantholder upon the exercise of this Warrant shall be made without charge to the Warrantholder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such certificates, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company.
8. Transfer/Assignment .
(A) Subject to compliance with clause (B) of this Section 8, this Warrant and all rights hereunder are transferable, in whole or in part, upon the books of the Company by the registered holder hereof in person or by duly authorized attorney, and a new warrant shall be made and delivered by the Company, of the same tenor and date as this Warrant but registered in the name of one or more transferees, upon surrender of this Warrant, duly endorsed, to the office or agency of the Company described in Section 3. All expenses (other than stock transfer taxes) and other charges payable in connection with the preparation, execution and delivery of the new warrants pursuant to this Section 8 shall be paid by the Company.
(B) The transfer of the Warrant and the Shares issued upon exercise of the Warrant are subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 4.4 of the Purchase Agreement. If and for so long as required by the Purchase Agreement, this Warrant shall contain the legends as set forth in Sections 4.2(a) and 4.2(b) of the Purchase Agreement.
9. Exchange and Registry of Warrant . This Warrant is exchangeable, upon the surrender hereof by the Warrantholder to the Company, for a new warrant or warrants of like tenor and representing the right to purchase the same aggregate number of Shares. The Company shall maintain a registry showing the name and address of the Warrantholder as the registered holder of this Warrant. This Warrant may be surrendered for exchange or exercise in accordance with its terms, at the office of the Company, and the Company shall be entitled to rely in all respects, prior to written notice to the contrary, upon such registry.
10. Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant . Upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant, and in the case of any such loss, theft or destruction, upon receipt of a bond, indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to the Company, or, in the case of any such mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of this Warrant, the Company shall make and deliver, in lieu of such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Warrant, a new Warrant of like tenor and representing the right to purchase the same aggregate number of Shares as provided for in such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Warrant.
11. Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc . If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a business day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding day that is a business day.
12. Rule 144 Information . The Company covenants that it will use its reasonable best efforts to timely file all reports and other documents required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder (or, if the Company is not required to file such reports, it will, upon the request of any Warrantholder, make publicly available such information as necessary to permit sales pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act), and it will use reasonable best efforts to take such further action as any Warrantholder may reasonably request, in each case to the extent required from time to time to enable such holder to, if permitted by the terms of this Warrant and the Purchase Agreement, sell this Warrant without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by (A) Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, or (B) any successor rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC. Upon the written request of any Warrantholder, the Company will deliver to such Warrantholder a written statement that it has complied with such requirements.
13. Adjustments and Other Rights . The Exercise Price and the number of Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows; provided , that if more than one subsection of this Section 13 is applicable to a single event, the subsection shall be applied that produces the largest adjustment and no single event shall cause an adjustment under more than one subsection of this Section 13 so as to result in duplication:
(A) Stock Splits, Subdivisions, Reclassifications or Combinations . If the Company shall (i) declare and pay a dividend or make a distribution on its Common Stock in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide or reclassify the outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater number of shares, or (iii) combine or reclassify the outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the number of Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant at the time of the record date for such dividend or distribution or the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall be proportionately adjusted so that the Warrantholder after such date shall be entitled to purchase the number of shares of Common Stock which such holder would have owned or been entitled to receive in respect of the shares of Common Stock subject to this Warrant after such date had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to such date. In such event, the Exercise Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or distribution or the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall be adjusted to the number obtained by dividing (x) the product of (1) the number of Shares issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant before such adjustment and (2) the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the record or effective date, as the case may be, for the dividend, distribution, subdivision, combination or reclassification giving rise to this adjustment by (y) the new number of Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant determined pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence.
(B) Certain Issuances of Common Shares or Convertible Securities . Until the earlier of (i) the date on which the Original Warrantholder no longer holds this Warrant or any portion thereof and (ii) the third anniversary of the Issue Date, if the Company shall issue shares of Common Stock (or rights or warrants or other securities exercisable or convertible into or exchangeable (collectively, a “ conversion ”) for shares of Common Stock) (collectively, “ convertible securities ”) (other than in Permitted Transactions (as defined below) or a transaction to which subsection (A) of this Section 13 is applicable) without consideration or at a consideration per share (or having a conversion price per share) that is less than 90% of the Market Price on the last trading day preceding the date of the agreement on pricing such shares (or such convertible securities) then, in such event:
(A) the number of Shares issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to the date of the agreement on pricing of such shares (or of such convertible securities) (the “ Initial Number ”) shall be increased to the number obtained by multiplying the Initial Number by a fraction (A) the numerator of which shall be the sum of (x) the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding on such date and (y) the number of additional shares of Common Stock issued (or into which convertible securities may be exercised or convert) and (B) the denominator of which shall be the sum of (I) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such date and (II) the number of shares of Common Stock which the aggregate consideration receivable by the Company for the total number of shares of Common Stock so issued (or into which convertible securities may be exercised or convert) would purchase at the Market Price on the last trading day preceding the date of the agreement on pricing such shares (or such convertible securities); and
(B) the Exercise Price payable upon exercise of the Warrant shall be adjusted by multiplying such Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the date of the agreement on pricing of such shares (or of such convertible securities) by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant prior to such date and the denominator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant immediately after the adjustment described in clause (A) above.
For purposes of the foregoing, the aggregate consideration receivable by the Company in connection with the issuance of such shares of Common Stock or convertible securities shall be deemed to be equal to the sum of the net offering price (including the Fair Market Value of any non-cash consideration and after deduction of any related expenses payable to third parties) of all such securities plus the minimum aggregate amount, if any, payable upon exercise or conversion of any such convertible securities into shares of Common Stock; and “ Permitted Transactions ” shall mean issuances (i) as consideration for or to fund the acquisition of businesses and/or related assets, (ii) in connection with employee benefit plans and compensation related arrangements in the ordinary course and consistent with past practice approved by the Board of Directors, (iii) in connection with a public or broadly marketed offering and sale of Common Stock or convertible securities for cash conducted by the Company or its affiliates pursuant to registration under the Securities Act or Rule 144A thereunder on a basis consistent with capital raising transactions by comparable financial institutions and (iv) in connection with the exercise of preemptive rights on terms existing as of the Issue Date. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 13(B) shall become effective immediately upon the date of such issuance.
(C) Other Distributions . In case the Company shall fix a record date for the making of a distribution to all holders of shares of its Common Stock of securities, evidences of indebtedness, assets, cash, rights or warrants (excluding Ordinary Cash Dividends, dividends of its Common Stock and other dividends or distributions referred to in Section 13(A)), in each such case, the Exercise Price in effect prior to such record date shall be reduced immediately thereafter to the price determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the reduction by the quotient of (x) the Market Price of the Common Stock on the last trading day preceding the first date on which the Common Stock trades regular way on the principal national securities exchange on which the Common Stock is listed or admitted to trading without the right to receive such distribution, minus the amount of cash and/or the Fair Market Value of the securities, evidences of indebtedness, assets, rights or warrants to be so distributed in respect of one share of Common Stock (such amount and/or Fair Market Value, the “ Per Share Fair Market Value ”) divided by (y) such Market Price on such date specified in clause (x); such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed. In such event, the number of Shares issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant shall be increased to the number obtained by dividing (x) the product of (1) the number of Shares issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant before such adjustment, and (2) the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the distribution giving rise to this adjustment by (y) the new Exercise Price determined in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence. In the case of adjustment for a cash dividend that is, or is coincident with, a regular quarterly cash dividend, the Per Share Fair Market Value would be reduced by the per share amount of the portion of the cash dividend that would constitute an Ordinary Cash Dividend. In the event that such distribution is not so made, the Exercise Price and the number of Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant then in effect shall be readjusted, effective as of the date when the Board of Directors determines not to distribute such shares, evidences of indebtedness, assets, rights, cash or warrants, as the case may be, to the Exercise Price that would then be in effect and the number of Shares that would then be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant if such record date had not been fixed.
(D) Certain Repurchases of Common Stock . In case the Company effects a Pro Rata Repurchase of Common Stock, then the Exercise Price shall be reduced to the price determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the Effective Date of such Pro Rata Repurchase by a fraction of which the numerator shall be (i) the product of (x) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately before such Pro Rata Repurchase and (y) the Market Price of a share of Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the first public announcement by the Company or any of its Affiliates of the intent to effect such Pro Rata Repurchase, minus (ii) the aggregate purchase price of the Pro Rata Repurchase, and of which the denominator shall be the product of (i) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such Pro Rata Repurchase minus the number of shares of Common Stock so repurchased and (ii) the Market Price per share of Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the first public announcement by the Company or any of its Affiliates of the intent to effect such Pro Rata Repurchase. In such event, the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant shall be increased to the number obtained by dividing (x) the product of (1) the number of Shares issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant before such adjustment, and (2) the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the Pro Rata Repurchase giving rise to this adjustment by (y) the new Exercise Price determined in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence. For the avoidance of doubt, no increase to the Exercise Price or decrease in the number of Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be made pursuant to this Section 13(D).
(E) Business Combinations . In case of any Business Combination or reclassification of Common Stock (other than a reclassification of Common Stock referred to in Section 13(A)), the Warrantholder’s right to receive Shares upon exercise of this Warrant shall be converted into the right to exercise this Warrant to acquire the number of shares of stock or other securities or property (including cash) which the Common Stock issuable (at the time of such Business Combination or reclassification) upon exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to such Business Combination or reclassification would have been entitled to receive upon consummation of such Business Combination or reclassification; and in any such case, if necessary, the provisions set forth herein with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the Warrantholder shall be appropriately adjusted so as to be applicable, as nearly as may reasonably be, to the Warrantholder’s right to exercise this Warrant in exchange for any shares of stock or other securities or property pursuant to this paragraph. In determining the kind and amount of stock, securities or the property receivable upon exercise of this Warrant following the consummation of such Business Combination, if the holders of Common Stock have the right to elect the kind or amount of consideration receivable upon consummation of such Business Combination, then the consideration that the Warrantholder shall be entitled to receive upon exercise shall be deemed to be the types and amounts of consideration received by the majority of all holders of the shares of common stock that affirmatively make an election (or of all such holders if none make an election).
(F) Rounding of Calculations; Minimum Adjustments . All calculations under this Section 13 shall be made to the nearest one-tenth (1/10th) of a cent or to the nearest one-hundredth (1/100th) of a share, as the case may be. Any provision of this Section 13 to the contrary notwithstanding, no adjustment in the Exercise Price or the number of Shares into which this Warrant is exercisable shall be made if the amount of such adjustment would be less than $0.01 or one-tenth (1/10th) of a share of Common Stock, but any such amount shall be carried forward and an adjustment with respect thereto shall be made at the time of and together with any subsequent adjustment which, together with such amount and any other amount or amounts so carried forward, shall aggregate $0.01 or 1/10th of a share of Common Stock, or more.
(G) Timing of Issuance of Additional Common Stock Upon Certain Adjustments . In any case in which the provisions of this Section 13 shall require that an adjustment shall become effective immediately after a record date for an event, the Company may defer until the occurrence of such event (i) issuing to the Warrantholder of this Warrant exercised after such record date and before the occurrence of such event the additional shares of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise by reason of the adjustment required by such event over and above the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise before giving effect to such adjustment and (ii) paying to such Warrantholder any amount of cash in lieu of a fractional share of Common Stock; provided , however , that the Company upon request shall deliver to such Warrantholder a due bill or other appropriate instrument evidencing such Warrantholder’s right to receive such additional shares, and such cash, upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment.
(H) Completion of Qualified Equity Offering . In the event the Company (or any successor by Business Combination) completes one or more Qualified Equity Offerings on or prior to December 31, 2009 that result in the Company (or any such successor ) receiving aggregate gross proceeds of not less than 100% of the aggregate liquidation preference of the Preferred Shares (and any preferred stock issued by any such successor to the Original Warrantholder under the CPP), the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the portion of this Warrant then held by the Original Warrantholder shall be thereafter reduced by a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the product of (i) 0.5 and (ii) the number of shares underlying the Warrant on the Issue Date (adjusted to take into account all other theretofore made adjustments pursuant to this Section 13).
(I) Other Events . For so long as the Original Warrantholder holds this Warrant or any portion thereof, if any event occurs as to which the provisions of this Section 13 are not strictly applicable or, if strictly applicable, would not, in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, fairly and adequately protect the purchase rights of the Warrants in accordance with the essential intent and principles of such provisions, then the Board of Directors shall make such adjustments in the application of such provisions, in accordance with such essential intent and principles, as shall be reasonably necessary, in the good faith opinion of the Board of Directors, to protect such purchase rights as aforesaid. The Exercise Price or the number of Shares into which this Warrant is exercisable shall not be adjusted in the event of a change in the par value of the Common Stock or a change in the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company.
(J) Statement Regarding Adjustments . Whenever the Exercise Price or the number of Shares into which this Warrant is exercisable shall be adjusted as provided in Section 13, the Company shall forthwith file at the principal office of the Company a statement showing in reasonable detail the facts requiring such adjustment and the Exercise Price that shall be in effect and the number of Shares into which this Warrant shall be exercisable after such adjustment, and the Company shall also cause a copy of such statement to be sent by mail, first class postage prepaid, to each Warrantholder at the address appearing in the Company’s records.
(K) Notice of Adjustment Event . In the event that the Company shall propose to take any action of the type described in this Section 13 (but only if the action of the type described in this Section 13 would result in an adjustment in the Exercise Price or the number of Shares into which this Warrant is exercisable or a change in the type of securities or property to be delivered upon exercise of this Warrant), the Company shall give notice to the Warrantholder, in the manner set forth in Section 13(J), which notice shall specify the record date, if any, with respect to any such action and the approximate date on which such action is to take place. Such notice shall also set forth the facts with respect thereto as shall be reasonably necessary to indicate the effect on the Exercise Price and the number, kind or class of shares or other securities or property which shall be deliverable upon exercise of this Warrant. In the case of any action which would require the fixing of a record date, such notice shall be given at least 10 days prior to the date so fixed, and in case of all other action, such notice shall be given at least 15 days prior to the taking of such proposed action. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of any such action.
(L) Proceedings Prior to Any Action Requiring Adjustment . As a condition precedent to the taking of any action which would require an adjustment pursuant to this Section 13, the Company shall take any action which may be necessary, including obtaining regulatory, New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ Stock Market or other applicable national securities exchange or stockholder approvals or exemptions, in order that the Company may thereafter validly and legally issue as fully paid and nonassessable all shares of Common Stock that the Warrantholder is entitled to receive upon exercise of this Warrant pursuant to this Section 13.
(M) Adjustment Rules . Any adjustments pursuant to this Section 13 shall be made successively whenever an event referred to herein shall occur. If an adjustment in Exercise Price made hereunder would reduce the Exercise Price to an amount below par value of the Common Stock, then such adjustment in Exercise Price made hereunder shall reduce the Exercise Price to the par value of the Common Stock.
14. Exchange . At any time following the date on which the shares of Common Stock of the Company are no longer listed or admitted to trading on a national securities exchange (other than in connection with any Business Combination), the Original Warrantholder may cause the Company to exchange all or a portion of this Warrant for an economic interest (to be determined by the Original Warrantholder after consultation with the Company) of the Company classified as permanent equity under U.S. GAAP having a value equal to the Fair Market Value of the portion of the Warrant so exchanged. The Original Warrantholder shall calculate any Fair Market Value required to be calculated pursuant to this Section 14, which shall not be subject to the Appraisal Procedure.
15. No Impairment . The Company will not, by amendment of its Charter or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms to be observed or performed hereunder by the Company, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all the provisions of this Warrant and in taking of all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order to protect the rights of the Warrantholder.
16. Governing Law . This Warrant will be governed by and construed in accordance with the federal law of the United States if and to the extent such law is applicable, and otherwise in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such State. Each of the Company and the Warrantholder agrees (a) to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia for any civil action, suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Warrant or the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) that notice may be served upon the Company at the address in Section 20 below and upon the Warrantholder at the address for the Warrantholder set forth in the registry maintained by the Company pursuant to Section 9 hereof. To the extent permitted by applicable law, each of the Company and the Warrantholder hereby unconditionally waives trial by jury in any civil legal action or proceeding relating to the Warrant or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
17. Binding Effect . This Warrant shall be binding upon any successors or assigns of the Company.
18. Amendments . This Warrant may be amended and the observance of any term of this Warrant may be waived only with the written consent of the Company and the Warrantholder.
19. Prohibited Actions . The Company agrees that it will not take any action which would entitle the Warrantholder to an adjustment of the Exercise Price if the total number of shares of Common Stock issuable after such action upon exercise of this Warrant, together with all shares of Common Stock then outstanding and all shares of Common Stock then issuable upon the exercise of all outstanding options, warrants, conversion and other rights, would exceed the total number of shares of Common Stock then authorized by its Charter.
20. Notices . Any notice, request, instruction or other document to be given hereunder by any party to the other will be in writing and will be deemed to have been duly given (a) on the date of delivery if delivered personally, or by facsimile, upon confirmation of receipt, or (b) on the second business day following the date of dispatch if delivered by a recognized next day courier service. All notices hereunder shall be delivered as set forth in Item 8 of Schedule A hereto, or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice.
21. Entire Agreement . This Warrant, the forms attached hereto and Schedule A hereto (the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein), and the Letter Agreement (including all documents incorporated therein), contain the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior and contemporaneous arrangements or undertakings with respect thereto.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
[Form of Notice of Exercise]
Date:
TO: |
Cathay General Bancorp |
RE: |
Election to Purchase Common Stock |
The undersigned, pursuant to the provisions set forth in the attached Warrant, hereby agrees to subscribe for and purchase the number of shares of the Common Stock set forth below covered by such Warrant. The undersigned, in accordance with Section 3 of the Warrant, hereby agrees to pay the aggregate Exercise Price for such shares of Common Stock in the manner set forth below. A new warrant evidencing the remaining shares of Common Stock covered by such Warrant, but not yet subscribed for and purchased, if any, should be issued in the name set forth below.
Number of Shares of Common Stock _____________________________
Method of Payment of Exercise Price (note if cashless exercise pursuant to Section 3(i) of the Warrant or cash exercise pursuant to Section 3(ii) of the Warrant, with consent of the Company and the Warrantholder) ______________________________
Aggregate Exercise Price: ___________________________
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Title: |
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be duly executed by a duly authorized officer.
Dated: December 5, 2008
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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By: |
/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: Dunson K. Cheng Title: Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
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Attest: |
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By: |
/s/ Heng W. Chen |
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Name: Heng W. Chen Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
[Signature Page to Warrant]
SCHEDULE A
Item 1
Name: Cathay General Bancorp
Corporate or other organizational form: Corporation
Jurisdiction of organization: Delaware
Item 2
Exercise Price: 1 $20.96
Item 3
Issue Date: December 5, 2008
Item 4
Amount of last dividend declared prior to the Issue Date: $.105
Item 5
Date of Letter Agreement between the Company and the United States Department of the Treasury: December 5, 2008
Item 6
Number of shares of Common Stock: 1,846,374
Item 7
Company’s address: |
777 North Broadway |
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Item 8
Notice information:
Primary Contact Heng W. Chen Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Cathay General Bancorp 777 North Broadway Los Angeles, California 90012 Phone: (213) 625-4752 Fax: (213) 617-0981 eMail: Heng_Chen@cathaybank.com |
Secondary Contact Perry Oei General Counsel Cathay General Bancorp 777 North Broadway Los Angeles, California 90012 Phone: (213) 346-3488 Fax: (213) 617-0981 eMail: Perry_Oei@cathaybank.com |
Legal Contact Craig D. Miller, Esq. Manatt, Phelps & Phillips, LLP One Embarcadero Center, 30th Floor San Francisco, CA 94111 Phone: (415) 291-7415 Fax: (415).291-7474 eMail: cmiller@manatt.com |
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1 Initial exercise price to be calculated based on the average of closing prices of the Common Stock on the 20 trading days ending on the last trading day prior to the date the Company’s application for participation in the Capital Purchase Program was approved by the United States Department of the Treasury.
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EXHIBIT 4.3
Fixed Rate Cumulative |
Fixed Rate Cumulative |
Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B |
Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B |
$0.01 Par Value |
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Certificate Number PB 00001 |
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE |
Shares 258,000 |
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CUSIP 149150 99 9 |
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THIS CERTIFIES THAT |
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY |
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TRANSFER OF THIS CERTIFICATE IS RESTRICTED SEE LEGEND ON REVERSE SIDE |
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IS THE OWNER OF |
** Two Hundred Fifty-Eight Thousand (258,000)** |
FULLY PAID AND NON-ASSESSABLE SHARES OF THE FIXED RATE CUMULATIVE PERPETUAL PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES B OF
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP,
transferable in person or by duly authorized attorney upon surrender of this certificate properly endorsed. This certificate and the shares represented hereby are subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, all amendments thereto, and the Bylaws of the Corporation, and to the rights, preferences, and voting powers of the Preferred Stock of the Corporation now or hereafter outstanding; the terms of all such provisions, rights, preferences and voting powers being incorporated herein by reference.
IN WITNESS THEREOF, Cathay General Bancorp has caused this certificate to be executed by signatures of its duly authorized officers and has caused its corporate seal to be hereunto affixed.
DATED: December 5, 2008
/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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President |
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/s/ Michael M.Y. Chang |
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Secretary |
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THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE NOT SAVINGS ACCOUNTS, DEPOSITS OR OTHER OBLIGATIONS OF A BANK AND ARE NOT INSURED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY.
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT WHILE A REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING THERETO IS IN EFFECT UNDER SUCH ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER SUCH ACT OR SUCH LAWS. EACH PURCHASER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT IS NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A THEREUNDER. ANY TRANSFEREE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF (1) REPRESENTS THAT IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT), (2) AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT EXCEPT (A) PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHICH IS THEN EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (B) FOR SO LONG AS THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A, TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (C) TO THE ISSUER OR (D) PURSUANT TO ANY OTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND (3) AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE TRANSFERRED A NOTICE SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND.
FOR VALUE RECEIVED |
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hereby sell, assign and transfer unto |
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PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR OTHER IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE |
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(PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS, INCLUDING POSTAL ZIP CODE, OF ASSIGNEE) |
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shares |
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of the capital stock represented by the within Certificate, and do hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint |
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Attorney |
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to transfer the said stock on the books of the within named Corporation with full power of substitution in the premises. |
Dated: |
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Signature |
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Signature |
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NOTE: THE SIGNATURE TO THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND WITH THE NAME AS WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THE CERTIFICATE, IN EVERY PARTICULAR, WITHOUT ALTERATION OR ENLARGEMENT, OR ANY CHANGE WHATEVER. |
SIGNATURE(S) GUARANTEED:
THE SIGNATURE(S) SHOULD BE GUARANTEED
BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION
(Banks, Stockbrokers, Savings and Loan Associations
and Credit Unions) WITH MEMBERSHIPS IN AN
APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION
PROGRAM, PURSUANT TO S.E.C. RULE 17Ad-15.
EXHIBIT 10.4.1
FIRST AMENDMENT TO
CATHAY BANCORP, INC.
EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
The Cathay Bancorp, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), adopted in 1998, provided in Section 3(a) of the Plan, that the total number of shares of Common Stock of the Company reserved and available for issuance pursuant to Awards under the Plan would be 1,075,000. Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3(b) of the Plan, that number was adjusted to 2,150,000 shares of Common Stock as a result of a 2-for-1 stock split effective May 9, 2002.
The purpose of this First Amendment to the Plan is to increase to 3,500,000 the number of shares available for issuance pursuant to awards under the Plan. Terms used in this First Amendment to the Plan and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings specified in the Plan.
AMENDMENT
Pursuant to Section 9 of the Plan, Section 3(a) is hereby amended in its entirety to read as follows:
“Number of Shares. The total number of shares of Stock reserved and available for issuance pursuant to Awards under this Plan shall be 3,500,000 shares. Such shares may consist, in whole or in part, of authorized and unissued shares or treasury shares or shares reacquired in private transactions or open market purchases, but all shares issued under the Plan, regardless of source, shall be counted against the 3,500,000 share limitation. If any Option terminates or expires without being exercised in full or if any shares of Stock subject to an Award are forfeited, or if an Award otherwise terminates without a payment being made to the participant in the form of Stock, the shares issuable under such Option or Award shall again be available for issuance in connection with Awards. Any Award under this Plan shall be governed by the terms of the Plan and any applicable Award Agreement.”
The First Amendment to the Plan was adopted by the Company’s board of directors on June 19, 2003 and approved by the Company’s stockholders on September 17, 2003.
Exhibit 10.8
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
1500 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, NW
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20220
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:
The company set forth on the signature page hereto (the “ Company ”) intends to issue in a private placement the number of shares of a series of its preferred stock set forth on Schedule A hereto (the “ Preferred Shares ”) and a warrant to purchase the number of shares of its common stock set forth on Schedule A hereto (the “ Warrant ” and, together with the Preferred Shares, the “ Purchased Securities ”) and the United States Department of the Treasury (the “ Investor ”) intends to purchase from the Company the Purchased Securities.
The purpose of this letter agreement is to confirm the terms and conditions of the purchase by the Investor of the Purchased Securities. Except to the extent supplemented or superseded by the terms set forth herein or in the Schedules hereto, the provisions contained in the Securities Purchase Agreement - Standard Terms attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Securities Purchase Agreement ”) are incorporated by reference herein. Terms that are defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement are used in this letter agreement as so defined. In the event of any inconsistency between this letter agreement and the Securities Purchase Agreement, the terms of this letter agreement shall govern.
Each of the Company and the Investor hereby confirms its agreement with the other party with respect to the issuance by the Company of the Purchased Securities and the purchase by the Investor of the Purchased Securities pursuant to this letter agreement and the Securities Purchase Agreement on the terms specified on Schedule A hereto.
This letter agreement (including the Schedules hereto) and the Securities Purchase Agreement (including the Annexes thereto) and the Warrant constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all other prior agreements, understandings, representations and warranties, both written and oral, between the parties, with respect to the subject matter hereof. This letter agreement constitutes the “Letter Agreement” referred to in the Securities Purchase Agreement.
This letter agreement may be executed in any number of separate counterparts, each such counterpart being deemed to be an original instrument, and all such counterparts will together constitute the same agreement. Executed signature pages to this letter agreement may be delivered by facsimile and such facsimiles will be deemed as sufficient as if actual signature pages had been delivered.
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In witness whereof, this letter agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized representatives of the parties hereto as of the date written below.
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY |
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By: |
/s/ Neel Kashkari |
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Name: Neel Kashkari |
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Title: Interim Assistant Secretary for Finance Stability |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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By: |
/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name:Dunson K. Cheng |
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Title Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
Date: December 5, 2008
EXHIBIT A
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
STANDARD TERMS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I |
PURCHASE; CLOSING |
1 |
1.1 |
Purchase |
1 |
1.2 |
Closing |
2 |
1.3 |
Interpretation |
4 |
ARTICLE II |
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES |
4 |
2.1 |
Disclosure |
4 |
2.2 |
Representations and Warranties of the Company |
5 |
ARTICLE III |
COVENANTS |
13 |
3.1 |
Commercially Reasonable Efforts |
13 |
3.2 |
Expenses |
14 |
3.3 |
Sufficiency of Authorized Common Stock; Exchange Listing |
14 |
3.4 |
Certain Notifications Until Closing |
14 |
3.5 |
Access, Information and Confidentiality |
15 |
ARTICLE IV |
ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS |
15 |
4.1 |
Purchase for Investment |
15 |
4.2 |
Legends |
16 |
4.3 |
Certain Transactions |
17 |
4.4 |
Transfer of Purchased Securities and Warrant Shares; Restrictions on Exercise of the Warrant |
18 |
4.5 |
Registration Rights |
18 |
4.6 |
Voting of Warrant Shares |
29 |
4.7 |
Depositary Shares |
29 |
4.8 |
Restriction on Dividends and Repurchases |
29 |
4.9 |
Repurchase of Investor Securities |
30 |
4.10 |
Executive Compensation |
31 |
ARTICLE V |
MISCELLANEOUS |
32 |
5.1 |
Termination |
32 |
5.2 |
Survival of Representations and Warranties |
32 |
5.3 |
Amendment |
32 |
5.4 |
Waiver of Conditions |
33 |
5.5 |
Governing Law: Submission to Jurisdiction, Etc |
33 |
5.6 |
Notices |
33 |
5.7 |
Definitions |
33 |
5.8 |
Assignment |
34 |
5.9 |
Severability |
34 |
5.10 |
No Third Party Beneficiaries |
34 |
LIST OF ANNEXES
ANNEX A: FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATIONS FOR PREFERRED STOCK
ANNEX B: FORM OF WAIVER
ANNEX C: FORM OF OPINION
ANNEX D: FORM OF WARRANT
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
Term |
|
Location of Definition |
Affiliate |
|
5.7(b) |
Agreement |
|
Recitals |
Appraisal Procedure |
|
4.9(c)(i) |
Appropriate Federal Banking Agency |
|
2.2(s) |
Bankruptcy Exceptions |
|
2.2(d) |
Benefit Plans |
|
1.2(d)(iv) |
Board of Directors |
|
2.2(f) |
Business Combination |
|
4.4 |
business day |
|
1.3 |
Capitalization Date |
|
2.2(b) |
Certificate of Designations |
|
1.2(d)(iii) |
Charter |
|
1.2(d)(iii) |
Closing |
|
1.2(a) |
Closing Date |
|
1.2(a) |
Code |
|
2.2(n) |
Common Stock |
|
Recitals |
Company |
|
Recitals |
Company Financial Statements |
|
2.2(h) |
Company Material Adverse Effect |
|
2.1(a) |
Company Reports |
|
2.2(i)(i) |
Company Subsidiary; Company Subsidiaries |
|
2.2(i)(i) |
control; controlled by; under common control with |
|
5.7(b) |
Controlled Group |
|
2.2(n) |
CPP |
|
Recitals |
EESA |
|
1.2(d)(iv) |
ERISA |
|
2.2(n) |
Exchange Act |
|
2.1(b) |
Fair Market Value |
|
4.9(c)(ii) |
GAAP |
|
2.1(a) |
Governmental Entities |
|
1.2(c) |
Holder |
|
4.5(k)(i) |
Holders’ Counsel |
|
4.5(k)(ii) |
Indemnitee |
|
4.5(g)(i) |
Information |
|
3.5(b) |
Initial Warrant Shares |
|
Recitals |
Investor |
|
Recitals |
Junior Stock |
|
4.8(c) |
knowledge of the Company; Company’s knowledge |
|
5.7(c) |
Last Fiscal Year |
|
2.1(b) |
Term |
|
Location of Definition |
Letter Agreement |
|
Recitals |
officers |
|
5.7(c) |
Parity Stock |
|
4.8(c) |
Pending Underwritten Offering |
|
4.5(l) |
Permitted Repurchases |
|
4.8(a)(ii) |
Piggyback Registration |
|
4.5(a)(iv) |
Plan |
|
2.2(n) |
Preferred Shares |
|
Recitals |
Preferred Stock |
|
Recitals |
Previously Disclosed |
|
2.1(b) |
Proprietary Rights |
|
2.2(u) |
Purchase |
|
Recitals |
Purchase Price |
|
1.1 |
Purchased Securities |
|
Recitals |
Qualified Equity Offering |
|
4.4 |
register; registered; registration |
|
4.5(k)(iii) |
Registrable Securities |
|
4.5(k)(iv) |
Registration Expenses |
|
4.5(k)(v) |
Regulatory Agreement |
|
2.2(s) |
Rule 144; Rule 144A; Rule 159A; Rule 405; Rule 415 |
|
4.5(k)(vi) |
Schedules |
|
Recitals |
SEC |
|
2.1(b) |
Securities Act |
|
2.2(a) |
Selling Expenses |
|
4.5(k)(vii) |
Senior Executive Officers |
|
4.10 |
Share Dilution Amount |
|
4.8(a)(ii) |
Shelf Registration Statement |
|
4.5(a)(ii) |
Signing Date |
|
2.1(a) |
Special Registration |
|
4.5(i) |
Stockholder Proposals |
|
3.1(b) |
subsidiary |
|
5.8(a) |
Tax; Taxes |
|
2.2(o) |
Transfer |
|
4.4 |
Warrant |
|
Recitals |
Warrant Shares |
|
2.2(d) |
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT - STANDARD TERMS
Recitals:
WHEREAS, the United States Department of the Treasury (the “ Investor ”) may from time to time agree to purchase shares of preferred stock and warrants from eligible financial institutions which elect to participate in the Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program (“ CPP ”);
WHEREAS, an eligible financial institution electing to participate in the CPP and issue securities to the Investor (referred to herein as the “ Company ”) shall enter into a letter agreement (the “ Letter Agreement ”) with the Investor which incorporates this Securities Purchase Agreement - Standard Terms;
WHEREAS, the Company agrees to expand the flow of credit to U.S. consumers and businesses on competitive terms to promote the sustained growth and vitality of the U.S. economy;
WHEREAS, the Company agrees to work diligently, under existing programs, to modify the terms of residential mortgages as appropriate to strengthen the health of the U.S. housing market;
WHEREAS, the Company intends to issue in a private placement the number of shares of the series of its Preferred Stock (“ Preferred Stock ”) set forth on Schedule A to the Letter Agreement (the “ Preferred Shares ”) and a warrant to purchase the number of shares of its Common Stock (“ Common Stock ”) set forth on Schedule A to the Letter Agreement (the “ Initial Warrant Shares ”) (the “ Warrant ” and, together with the Preferred Shares, the “ Purchased Securities ”) and the Investor intends to purchase (the “ Purchase ”) from the Company the Purchased Securities; and
WHEREAS, the Purchase will be governed by this Securities Purchase Agreement - Standard Terms and the Letter Agreement, including the schedules thereto (the “ Schedules ”), specifying additional terms of the Purchase. This Securities Purchase Agreement - Standard Terms (including the Annexes hereto) and the Letter Agreement (including the Schedules thereto) are together referred to as this “Agreement”. All references in this Securities Purchase Agreement - Standard Terms to “Schedules” are to the Schedules attached to the Letter Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the premises, and of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein, the parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
Purchase; Closing
1.1 Purchase . On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company agrees to sell to the Investor, and the Investor agrees to purchase from the Company, at the Closing (as hereinafter defined), the Purchased Securities for the price set forth on Schedule A (the “ Purchase Price ”).
1.2 Closing .
(a) On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, the closing of the Purchase (the “ Closing ”) will take place at the location specified in Schedule A , at the time and on the date set forth in Schedule A or as soon as practicable thereafter, or at such other place, time and date as shall be agreed between the Company and the Investor. The time and date on which the Closing occurs is referred to in this Agreement as the “ Closing Date ”.
(b) Subject to the fulfillment or waiver of the conditions to the Closing in this Section1.2, at the Closing the Company will deliver the Preferred Shares and the Warrant, in each case as evidenced by one or more certificates dated the Closing Date and bearing appropriate legends as hereinafter provided for, in exchange for payment in full of the Purchase Price by wire transfer of immediately available United States funds to a bank account designated by the Company on Schedule A .
(c) The respective obligations of each of the Investor and the Company to consummate the Purchase are subject to the fulfillment (or waiver by the Investor and the Company, as applicable) prior to the Closing of the conditions that (i)any approvals or authorizations of all United States and other governmental, regulatory or judicial authorities (collectively, “ Governmental Entities ”) required for the consummation of the Purchase shall have been obtained or made in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to each party and shall be in full force and effect and all waiting periods required by United States and other applicable law, if any, shall have expired and (ii)no provision of any applicable United States or other law and no judgment, injunction, order or decree of any Governmental Entity shall prohibit the purchase and sale of the Purchased Securities as contemplated by this Agreement.
(d) The obligation of the Investor to consummate the Purchase is also subject to the fulfillment (or waiver by the Investor) at or prior to the Closing of each of the following conditions:
(i) (A) the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in (x)Section2.2(g) of this Agreement shall be true and correct in all respects as though made on and as of the Closing Date, (y)Sections 2.2(a) through (f)shall be true and correct in all material respects as though made on and as of the Closing Date (other than representations and warranties that by their terms speak as of another date, which representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such other date) and (z)Sections 2.2(h) through (v)(disregarding all qualifications or limitations set forth in such representations and warranties as to “materiality”, “Company Material Adverse Effect” and words of similar import) shall be true and correct as though made on and as of the Closing Date (other than representations and warranties that by their terms speak as of another date, which representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such other date), except to the extent that the failure of such representations and warranties referred to in this Section1.2(d)(i)(A)(z) to be so true and correct, individually or in the aggregate, does not have and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect and (B)the Company shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing;
(ii) the Investor shall have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by a senior executive officer certifying to the effect that the conditions set forth in Section1.2(d)(i) have been satisfied;
(iii) the Company shall have duly adopted and filed with the Secretary of State of its jurisdiction of organization or other applicable Governmental Entity the amendment to its certificate or articles of incorporation, articles of association, or similar organizational document (“ Charter ”) in substantially the form attached hereto as Annex A (the “ Certificate of Designations ”) and such filing shall have been accepted;
(iv) (A) the Company shall have effected such changes to its compensation, bonus, incentive and other benefit plans, arrangements and agreements (including golden parachute, severance and employment agreements) (collectively, “ Benefit Plans ”) with respect to its Senior Executive Officers (and to the extent necessary for such changes to be legally enforceable, each of its Senior Executive Officers shall have duly consented in writing to such changes), as may be necessary, during the period that the Investor owns any debt or equity securities of the Company acquired pursuant to this Agreement or the Warrant, in order to comply with Section111(b) of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“ EESA ”) as implemented by guidance or regulation thereunder that has been issued and is in effect as of the Closing Date, and (B)the Investor shall have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by a senior executive officer certifying to the effect that the condition set forth in Section1.2(d)(iv)(A) has been satisfied;
(v) each of the Company’s Senior Executive Officers shall have delivered to the Investor a written waiver in the form attached hereto as Annex B releasing the Investor from any claims that such Senior Executive Officers may otherwise have as a result of the issuance, on or prior to the Closing Date, of any regulations which require the modification of, and the agreement of the Company hereunder to modify, the terms of any Benefit Plans with respect to its Senior Executive Officers to eliminate any provisions of such Benefit Plans that would not be in compliance with the requirements of Section111(b) of the EESA as implemented by guidance or regulation thereunder that has been issued and is in effect as of the Closing Date;
(vi) the Company shall have delivered to the Investor a written opinion from counsel to the Company (which may be internal counsel), addressed to the Investor and dated as of the Closing Date, in substantially the form attached hereto as Annex C ;
(vii) the Company shall have delivered certificates in proper form or, with the prior consent of the Investor, evidence of shares in book-entry form, evidencing the Preferred Shares to Investor or its designee(s); and
(viii) the Company shall have duly executed the Warrant in substantially the form attached hereto as Annex D and delivered such executed Warrant to the Investor or its designee(s).
1.3 Interpretation . When a reference is made in this Agreement to “Recitals,” “Articles,” “Sections,” or “Annexes” such reference shall be to a Recital, Article or Section of, or Annex to, this Securities Purchase Agreement - Standard Terms, and a reference to “Schedules” shall be to a Schedule to the Letter Agreement, in each case, unless otherwise indicated. The terms defined in the singular have a comparable meaning when used in the plural, and vice versa. References to “herein”, “hereof”, “hereunder” and the like refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular section or provision, unless the context requires otherwise. The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and are not part of this Agreement. Whenever the words “include,” “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed followed by the words “without limitation.” No rule of construction against the draftsperson shall be applied in connection with the interpretation or enforcement of this Agreement, as this Agreement is the product of negotiation between sophisticated parties advised by counsel. All references to “$” or “dollars” mean the lawful currency of the United States of America. Except as expressly stated in this Agreement, all references to any statute, rule or regulation are to the statute, rule or regulation as amended, modified, supplemented or replaced from time to time (and, in the case of statutes, include any rules and regulations promulgated under the statute) and to any section of any statute, rule or regulation include any successor to the section. References to a “ business day ” shall mean any day except Saturday, Sunday and any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York generally are authorized or required by law or other governmental actions to close.
ARTICLE II
Representations and Warranties
2.1 Disclosure .
(a) “ Company Material Adverse Effect ” means a material adverse effect on (i)the business, results of operation or financial condition of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole; provided , however , that Company Material Adverse Effect shall not be deemed to include the effects of (A)changes after the date of the Letter Agreement (the “ Signing Date ”) in general business, economic or market conditions (including changes generally in prevailing interest rates, credit availability and liquidity, currency exchange rates and price levels or trading volumes in the United States or foreign securities or credit markets), or any outbreak or escalation of hostilities, declared or undeclared acts of war or terrorism, in each case generally affecting the industries in which the Company and its subsidiaries operate, (B)changes or proposed changes after the Signing Date in generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“ GAAP ”) or regulatory accounting requirements, or authoritative interpretations thereof, (C)changes or proposed changes after the Signing Date in securities, banking and other laws of general applicability or related policies or interpretations of Governmental Entities (in the case of each of these clauses (A), (B)and (C), other than changes or occurrences to the extent that such changes or occurrences have or would reasonably be expected to have a materially disproportionate adverse effect on the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole relative to comparable U.S. banking or financial services organizations), or (D)changes in the market price or trading volume of the Common Stock or any other equity, equity-related or debt securities of the Company or its consolidated subsidiaries (it being understood and agreed that the exception set forth in this clause (D)does not apply to the underlying reason giving rise to or contributing to any such change); or (ii)the ability of the Company to consummate the Purchase and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Warrant and perform its obligations hereunder or thereunder on a timely basis.
(b) “ Previously Disclosed ” means information set forth or incorporated in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the most recently completed fiscal year of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”) prior to the Signing Date (the “ Last Fiscal Year ”) or in its other reports and forms filed with or furnished to the SEC under Sections 13(a), 14(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “ Exchange Act ”) on or after the last day of the Last Fiscal Year and prior to the Signing Date.
2.2 Representations and Warranties of the Company . Except as Previously Disclosed, the Company represents and warrants to the Investor that as of the Signing Date and as of the Closing Date (or such other date specified herein):
(a) Organization, Authority and Significant Subsidiaries . The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization, with the necessary power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business in all material respects as currently conducted, and except as has not, individually or in the aggregate, had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, has been duly qualified as a foreign corporation for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties or conducts any business so as to require such qualification; each subsidiary of the Company that is a “significant subsidiary” within the meaning of Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “ Securities Act ”) has been duly organized and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization. The Charter and bylaws of the Company, copies of which have been provided to the Investor prior to the Signing Date, are true, complete and correct copies of such documents as in full force and effect as of the Signing Date.
(b) Capitalization . The authorized capital stock of the Company, and the outstanding capital stock of the Company (including securities convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, capital stock of the Company) as of the most recent fiscal month-end preceding the Signing Date (the “ Capitalization Date ”) is set forth on Schedule B . The outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and are validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable, and subject to no preemptive rights (and were not issued in violation of any preemptive rights). Except as provided in the Warrant, as of the Signing Date, the Company does not have outstanding any securities or other obligations providing the holder the right to acquire Common Stock that is not reserved for issuance as specified on Schedule B , and the Company has not made any other commitment to authorize, issue or sell any Common Stock. Since the Capitalization Date, the Company has not issued any shares of Common Stock, other than (i)shares issued upon the exercise of stock options or delivered under other equity-based awards or other convertible securities or warrants which were issued and outstanding on the Capitalization Date and disclosed on Schedule B and (ii)shares disclosed on Schedule B .
(c) Preferred Shares . The Preferred Shares have been duly and validly authorized, and, when issued and delivered pursuant to this Agreement, such Preferred Shares will be duly and validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable, will not be issued in violation of any preemptive rights, and will rank pari passu with or senior to all other series or classes of Preferred Stock, whether or not issued or outstanding, with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the event of any dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company.
(d) The Warrant and Warrant Shares . The Warrant has been duly authorized and, when executed and delivered as contemplated hereby, will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as the same may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and general equitable principles, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity (“ Bankruptcy Exceptions ”). The shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant (the “ Warrant Shares ”) have been duly authorized and reserved for issuance upon exercise of the Warrant and when so issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrant will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, subject, if applicable, to the approvals of its stockholders set forth on Schedule C .
(e) Authorization, Enforceability .
(i) The Company has the corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Warrant and, subject, if applicable, to the approvals of its stockholders set forth on Schedule C , to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder (which includes the issuance of the Preferred Shares, Warrant and Warrant Shares). The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the Warrant and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company and its stockholders, and no further approval or authorization is required on the part of the Company, subject, in each case, if applicable, to the approvals of its stockholders set forth on Schedule C . This Agreement is a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy Exceptions.
(ii) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the Warrant and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and compliance by the Company with the provisions hereof and thereof, will not (A)violate, conflict with, or result in a breach of any provision of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under, or result in the termination of, or accelerate the performance required by, or result in a right of termination or acceleration of, or result in the creation of, any lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of (i)subject, if applicable, to the approvals of the Company’s stockholders set forth on Schedule C , its organizational documents or (ii)any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, license, lease, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party or by which it or any Company Subsidiary may be bound, or to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Company Subsidiary may be subject, or (B)subject to compliance with the statutes and regulations referred to in the next paragraph, violate any statute, rule or regulation or any judgment, ruling, order, writ, injunction or decree applicable to the Company or any Company Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or assets except, in the case of clauses (A)(ii) and (B), for those occurrences that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(iii) Other than the filing of the Certificate of Designations with the Secretary of State of its jurisdiction of organization or other applicable Governmental Entity, any current report on Form 8-K required to be filed with the SEC, such filings and approvals as are required to be made or obtained under any state “blue sky” laws, the filing of any proxy statement contemplated by Section3.1 and such as have been made or obtained, no notice to, filing with, exemption or review by, or authorization, consent or approval of, any Governmental Entity is required to be made or obtained by the Company in connection with the consummation by the Company of the Purchase except for any such notices, filings, exemptions, reviews, authorizations, consents and approvals the failure of which to make or obtain would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(f) Anti-takeover Provisions and Rights Plan . The Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board of Directors ”) has taken all necessary action to ensure that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Warrant and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the exercise of the Warrant in accordance with its terms, will be exempt from any anti-takeover or similar provisions of the Company’s Charter and bylaws, and any other provisions of any applicable “moratorium”, “control share”, “fair price”, “interested stockholder” or other anti-takeover laws and regulations of any jurisdiction. The Company has taken all actions necessary to render any stockholders’ rights plan of the Company inapplicable to this Agreement and the Warrant and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the exercise of the Warrant by the Investor in accordance with its terms.
(g) No Company Material Adverse Effect . Since the last day of the last completed fiscal period for which the Company has filed a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or an Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC prior to the Signing Date, no fact, circumstance, event, change, occurrence, condition or development has occurred that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(h) Company Financial Statements . Each of the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively the “ Company Financial Statements ”) included or incorporated by reference in the Company Reports filed with the SEC since December31, 2006, present fairly in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates indicated therein (or if amended prior to the Signing Date, as of the date of such amendment) and the consolidated results of their operations for the periods specified therein; and except as stated therein, such financial statements (A)were prepared in conformity with GAAP applied on a consistent basis (except as may be noted therein), (B)have been prepared from, and are in accordance with, the books and records of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries and (C)complied as to form, as of their respective dates of filing with the SEC, in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements and with the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto.
(i) Reports .
(i) Since December31, 2006, the Company and each subsidiary of the Company (each a “ Company Subsidiary ” and, collectively, the “ Company Subsidiaries ”) has timely filed all reports, registrations, documents, filings, statements and submissions, together with any amendments thereto, that it was required to file with any Governmental Entity (the foregoing, collectively, the “ Company Reports ”) and has paid all fees and assessments due and payable in connection therewith, except, in each case, as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. As of their respective dates of filing, the Company Reports complied in all material respects with all statutes and applicable rules and regulations of the applicable Governmental Entities. In the case of each such Company Report filed with or furnished to the SEC, such Company Report (A)did not, as of its date or if amended prior to the Signing Date, as of the date of such amendment, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and (B)complied as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. With respect to all other Company Reports, the Company Reports were complete and accurate in all material respects as of their respective dates. No executive officer of the Company or any Company Subsidiary has failed in any respect to make the certifications required of him or her under Section302 or 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(ii) The records, systems, controls, data and information of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries are recorded, stored, maintained and operated under means (including any electronic, mechanical or photographic process, whether computerized or not) that are under the exclusive ownership and direct control of the Company or the Company Subsidiaries or their accountants (including all means of access thereto and therefrom), except for any non-exclusive ownership and non-direct control that would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the system of internal accounting controls described below in this Section2.2(i)(ii). The Company (A)has implemented and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including the consolidated Company Subsidiaries, is made known to the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer of the Company by others within those entities, and (B)has disclosed, based on its most recent evaluation prior to the Signing Date, to the Company’s outside auditors and the audit committee of the Board of Directors (x)any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information and (y)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.
(j) No Undisclosed Liabilities . Neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries has any liabilities or obligations of any nature (absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) which are not properly reflected or reserved against in the Company Financial Statements to the extent required to be so reflected or reserved against in accordance with GAAP, except for (A)liabilities that have arisen since the last fiscal year end in the ordinary and usual course of business and consistent with past practice and (B)liabilities that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(k) Offering of Securities . Neither the Company nor any person acting on its behalf has taken any action (including any offering of any securities of the Company under circumstances which would require the integration of such offering with the offering of any of the Purchased Securities under the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder), which might subject the offering, issuance or sale of any of the Purchased Securities to Investor pursuant to this Agreement to the registration requirements of the Securities Act.
(l) Litigation and Other Proceedings . Except (i)as set forth on Schedule D or (ii)as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, there is no (A)pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, claim, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, against the Company or any Company Subsidiary or to which any of their assets are subject nor is the Company or any Company Subsidiary subject to any order, judgment or decree or (B)unresolved violation, criticism or exception by any Governmental Entity with respect to any report or relating to any examinations or inspections of the Company or any Company Subsidiaries.
(m) Compliance with Laws . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have all permits, licenses, franchises, authorizations, orders and approvals of, and have made all filings, applications and registrations with, Governmental Entities that are required in order to permit them to own or lease their properties and assets and to carry on their business as presently conducted and that are material to the business of the Company or such Company Subsidiary. Except as set forth on Schedule E , the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have complied in all respects and are not in default or violation of, and none of them is, to the knowledge of the Company, under investigation with respect to or, to the knowledge of the Company, have been threatened to be charged with or given notice of any violation of, any applicable domestic (federal, state or local) or foreign law, statute, ordinance, license, rule, regulation, policy or guideline, order, demand, writ, injunction, decree or judgment of any Governmental Entity, other than such noncompliance, defaults or violations that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Except for statutory or regulatory restrictions of general application or as set forth on Schedule E , no Governmental Entity has placed any restriction on the business or properties of the Company or any Company Subsidiary that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(n) Employee Benefit Matters . Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect: (A)each “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of Section3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ ERISA ”)) providing benefits to any current or former employee, officer or director of the Company or any member of its “ Controlled Group ” (defined as any organization which is a member of a controlled group of corporations within the meaning of Section414 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”)) that is sponsored, maintained or contributed to by the Company or any member of its Controlled Group and for which the Company or any member of its Controlled Group would have any liability, whether actual or contingent (each, a “ Plan ”) has been maintained in compliance with its terms and with the requirements of all applicable statutes, rules and regulations, including ERISA and the Code; (B)with respect to each Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA (including, for purposes of this clause (B), any plan subject to Title IV of ERISA that the Company or any member of its Controlled Group previously maintained or contributed to in the six years prior to the Signing Date), (1)no “reportable event” (within the meaning of Section4043(c) of ERISA), other than a reportable event for which the notice period referred to in Section4043(c) of ERISA has been waived, has occurred in the three years prior to the Signing Date or is reasonably expected to occur, (2)no “accumulated funding deficiency” (within the meaning of Section302 of ERISA or Section412 of the Code), whether or not waived, has occurred in the three years prior to the Signing Date or is reasonably expected to occur, (3)the fair market value of the assets under each Plan exceeds the present value of all benefits accrued under such Plan (determined based on the assumptions used to fund such Plan) and (4)neither the Company nor any member of its Controlled Group has incurred in the six years prior to the Signing Date, or reasonably expects to incur, any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than contributions to the Plan or premiums to the PBGC in the ordinary course and without default) in respect of a Plan (including any Plan that is a “multiemployer plan”, within the meaning of Section4001(c)(3) of ERISA); and (C)each Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination letter from the Internal Revenue Service with respect to its qualified status that has not been revoked, or such a determination letter has been timely applied for but not received by the Signing Date, and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which could reasonably be expected to cause the loss, revocation or denial of such qualified status or favorable determination letter.
(o) Taxes . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign income and franchise Tax returns required to be filed through the Signing Date, subject to permitted extensions, and have paid all Taxes due thereon, and (ii)no Tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries, nor does the Company have any knowledge of any Tax deficiencies. “ Tax ” or “ Taxes ” means any federal, state, local or foreign income, gross receipts, property, sales, use, license, excise, franchise, employment, payroll, withholding, alternative or add on minimum, ad valorem, transfer or excise tax, or any other tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or other like assessment or charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest or penalty, imposed by any Governmental Entity.
(p) Properties and Leases . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real properties and all other properties and assets owned by them, in each case free from liens, encumbrances, claims and defects that would affect the value thereof or interfere with the use made or to be made thereof by them. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and the Company Subsidiaries hold all leased real or personal property under valid and enforceable leases with no exceptions that would interfere with the use made or to be made thereof by them.
(q) Environmental Liability . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect:
(i) there is no legal, administrative, or other proceeding, claim or action of any nature seeking to impose, or that would reasonably be expected to result in the imposition of, on the Company or any Company Subsidiary, any liability relating to the release of hazardous substances as defined under any local, state or federal environmental statute, regulation or ordinance, including the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against the Company or any Company Subsidiary;
(ii) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no reasonable basis for any such proceeding, claim or action; and
(iii) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is subject to any agreement, order, judgment or decree by or with any court, Governmental Entity or third party imposing any such environmental liability.
(r) Risk Management Instruments . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, all derivative instruments, including, swaps, caps, floors and option agreements, whether entered into for the Company’s own account, or for the account of one or more of the Company Subsidiaries or its or their customers, were entered into (i)only in the ordinary course of business, (ii)in accordance with prudent practices and in all material respects with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and regulatory policies and (iii)with counterparties believed to be financially responsible at the time; and each of such instruments constitutes the valid and legally binding obligation of the Company or one of the Company Subsidiaries, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by the Bankruptcy Exceptions. Neither the Company or the Company Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, is in breach of any of its obligations under any such agreement or arrangement other than such breaches that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(s) Agreements with Regulatory Agencies . Except as set forth on Schedule F , neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is subject to any material cease-and-desist or other similar order or enforcement action issued by, or is a party to any material written agreement, consent agreement or memorandum of understanding with, or is a party to any commitment letter or similar undertaking to, or is subject to any capital directive by, or since December31, 2006, has adopted any board resolutions at the request of, any Governmental Entity (other than the Appropriate Federal Banking Agencies with jurisdiction over the Company and the Company Subsidiaries) that currently restricts in any material respect the conduct of its business or that in any material manner relates to its capital adequacy, its liquidity and funding policies and practices, its ability to pay dividends, its credit, risk management or compliance policies or procedures, its internal controls, its management or its operations or business (each item in this sentence, a “ Regulatory Agreement ”), nor has the Company or any Company Subsidiary been advised since December31, 2006 by any such Governmental Entity that it is considering issuing, initiating, ordering, or requesting any such Regulatory Agreement. The Company and each Company Subsidiary are in compliance in all material respects with each Regulatory Agreement to which it is party or subject, and neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary has received any notice from any Governmental Entity indicating that either the Company or any Company Subsidiary is not in compliance in all material respects with any such Regulatory Agreement. “ Appropriate Federal Banking Agency ” means the “appropriate Federal banking agency” with respect to the Company or such Company Subsidiaries, as applicable, as defined in Section3(q) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. Section1813(q)).
(t) Insurance . The Company and the Company Subsidiaries are insured with reputable insurers against such risks and in such amounts as the management of the Company reasonably has determined to be prudent and consistent with industry practice. The Company and the Company Subsidiaries are in material compliance with their insurance policies and are not in default under any of the material terms thereof, each such policy is outstanding and in full force and effect, all premiums and other payments due under any material policy have been paid, and all claims thereunder have been filed in due and timely fashion, except, in each case, as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(u) Intellectual Property . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i)the Company and each Company Subsidiary owns or otherwise has the right to use, all intellectual property rights, including all trademarks, trade dress, trade names, service marks, domain names, patents, inventions, trade secrets, know-how, works of authorship and copyrights therein, that are used in the conduct of their existing businesses and all rights relating to the plans, design and specifications of any of its branch facilities (“ Proprietary Rights ”) free and clear of all liens and any claims of ownership by current or former employees, contractors, designers or others and (ii)neither the Company nor any of the Company Subsidiaries is materially infringing, diluting, misappropriating or violating, nor has the Company or any or the Company Subsidiaries received any written (or, to the knowledge of the Company, oral) communications alleging that any of them has materially infringed, diluted, misappropriated or violated, any of the Proprietary Rights owned by any other person. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, to the Company’s knowledge, no other person is infringing, diluting, misappropriating or violating, nor has the Company or any or the Company Subsidiaries sent any written communications since January1, 2006 alleging that any person has infringed, diluted, misappropriated or violated, any of the Proprietary Rights owned by the Company and the Company Subsidiaries.
(v) Brokers and Finders . No broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any financial advisory, brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with this Agreement or the Warrant or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or any Company Subsidiary for which the Investor could have any liability.
ARTICLE III
Covenants
3.1 Commercially Reasonable Efforts .
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each of the parties will use its commercially reasonable efforts in good faith to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or desirable, or advisable under applicable laws, so as to permit consummation of the Purchase as promptly as practicable and otherwise to enable consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with the other party to that end.
(b) If the Company is required to obtain any stockholder approvals set forth on Schedule C , then the Company shall comply with this Section3.1(b) and Section3.1(c). The Company shall call a special meeting of its stockholders, as promptly as practicable following the Closing, to vote on proposals (collectively, the “ Stockholder Proposals ”) to (i)approve the exercise of the Warrant for Common Stock for purposes of the rules of the national security exchange on which the Common Stock is listed and/or (ii)amend the Company’s Charter to increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock to at least such number as shall be sufficient to permit the full exercise of the Warrant for Common Stock and comply with the other provisions of this Section3.1(b) and Section3.1(c). The Board of Directors shall recommend to the Company’s stockholders that such stockholders vote in favor of the Stockholder Proposals. In connection with such meeting, the Company shall prepare (and the Investor will reasonably cooperate with the Company to prepare) and file with the SEC as promptly as practicable (but in no event more than ten business days after the Closing) a preliminary proxy statement, shall use its reasonable best efforts to respond to any comments of the SEC or its staff thereon and to cause a definitive proxy statement related to such stockholders’ meeting to be mailed to the Company’s stockholders not more than five business days after clearance thereof by the SEC, and shall use its reasonable best efforts to solicit proxies for such stockholder approval of the Stockholder Proposals. The Company shall notify the Investor promptly of the receipt of any comments from the SEC or its staff with respect to the proxy statement and of any request by the SEC or its staff for amendments or supplements to such proxy statement or for additional information and will supply the Investor with copies of all correspondence between the Company or any of its representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC or its staff, on the other hand, with respect to such proxy statement. If at any time prior to such stockholders’ meeting there shall occur any event that is required to be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the proxy statement, the Company shall as promptly as practicable prepare and mail to its stockholders such an amendment or supplement. Each of the Investor and the Company agrees promptly to correct any information provided by it or on its behalf for use in the proxy statement if and to the extent that such information shall have become false or misleading in any material respect, and the Company shall as promptly as practicable prepare and mail to its stockholders an amendment or supplement to correct such information to the extent required by applicable laws and regulations. The Company shall consult with the Investor prior to filing any proxy statement, or any amendment or supplement thereto, and provide the Investor with a reasonable opportunity to comment thereon. In the event that the approval of any of the Stockholder Proposals is not obtained at such special stockholders meeting, the Company shall include a proposal to approve (and the Board of Directors shall recommend approval of) each such proposal at a meeting of its stockholders no less than once in each subsequent six-month period beginning on January1, 2009 until all such approvals are obtained or made.
(c) None of the information supplied by the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries for inclusion in any proxy statement in connection with any such stockholders meeting of the Company will, at the date it is filed with the SEC, when first mailed to the Company’s stockholders and at the time of any stockholders meeting, and at the time of any amendment or supplement thereof, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
3.2 Expenses . Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement or the Warrant, each of the parties hereto will bear and pay all costs and expenses incurred by it or on its behalf in connection with the transactions contemplated under this Agreement and the Warrant, including fees and expenses of its own financial or other consultants, investment bankers, accountants and counsel.
3.3 Sufficiency of Authorized Common Stock; Exchange Listing .
(a) During the period from the Closing Date (or, if the approval of the Stockholder Proposals is required, the date of such approval) until the date on which the Warrant has been fully exercised, the Company shall at all times have reserved for issuance, free of preemptive or similar rights, a sufficient number of authorized and unissued Warrant Shares to effectuate such exercise. Nothing in this Section3.3 shall preclude the Company from satisfying its obligations in respect of the exercise of the Warrant by delivery of shares of Common Stock which are held in the treasury of the Company. As soon as reasonably practicable following the Closing, the Company shall, at its expense, cause the Warrant Shares to be listed on the same national securities exchange on which the Common Stock is listed, subject to official notice of issuance, and shall maintain such listing for so long as any Common Stock is listed on such exchange.
(b) If requested by the Investor, the Company shall promptly use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Preferred Shares to be approved for listing on a national securities exchange as promptly as practicable following such request.
3.4 Certain Notifications Until Closing . From the Signing Date until the Closing, the Company shall promptly notify the Investor of (i)any fact, event or circumstance of which it is aware and which would reasonably be expected to cause any representation or warranty of the Company contained in this Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate in any material respect or to cause any covenant or agreement of the Company contained in this Agreement not to be complied with or satisfied in any material respect and (ii)except as Previously Disclosed, any fact, circumstance, event, change, occurrence, condition or development of which the Company is aware and which, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect; provided , however , that delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section3.4 shall not limit or affect any rights of or remedies available to the Investor; provided , further , that a failure to comply with this Section3.4 shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement or the failure of any condition set forth in Section1.2 to be satisfied unless the underlying Company Material Adverse Effect or material breach would independently result in the failure of a condition set forth in Section1.2 to be satisfied.
3.5 Access, Information and Confidentiality .
(a) From the Signing Date until the date when the Investor holds an amount of Preferred Shares having an aggregate liquidation value of less than 10% of the Purchase Price, the Company will permit the Investor and its agents, consultants, contractors and advisors (x)acting through the Appropriate Federal Banking Agency, to examine the corporate books and make copies thereof and to discuss the affairs, finances and accounts of the Company and the Company Subsidiaries with the principal officers of the Company, all upon reasonable notice and at such reasonable times and as often as the Investor may reasonably request and (y)to review any information material to the Investor’s investment in the Company provided by the Company to its Appropriate Federal Banking Agency. Any investigation pursuant to this Section3.5 shall be conducted during normal business hours and in such manner as not to interfere unreasonably with the conduct of the business of the Company, and nothing herein shall require the Company or any Company Subsidiary to disclose any information to the Investor to the extent (i)prohibited by applicable law or regulation, or (ii)that such disclosure would reasonably be expected to cause a violation of any agreement to which the Company or any Company Subsidiary is a party or would cause a risk of a loss of privilege to the Company or any Company Subsidiary ( provided that the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to make appropriate substitute disclosure arrangements under circumstances where the restrictions in this clause (ii)apply).
(b) The Investor will use reasonable best efforts to hold, and will use reasonable best efforts to cause its agents, consultants, contractors and advisors to hold, in confidence all non-public records, books, contracts, instruments, computer data and other data and information (collectively, “ Information ”) concerning the Company furnished or made available to it by the Company or its representatives pursuant to this Agreement (except to the extent that such information can be shown to have been (i)previously known by such party on a non-confidential basis, (ii)in the public domain through no fault of such party or (iii)later lawfully acquired from other sources by the party to which it was furnished (and without violation of any other confidentiality obligation)); provided that nothing herein shall prevent the Investor from disclosing any Information to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process.
ARTICLE IV
Additional Agreements
4.1 Purchase for Investment . The Investor acknowledges that the Purchased Securities and the Warrant Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act or under any state securities laws. The Investor (a)is acquiring the Purchased Securities pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities Act solely for investment with no present intention to distribute them to any person in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable U.S. state securities laws, (b)will not sell or otherwise dispose of any of the Purchased Securities or the Warrant Shares, except in compliance with the registration requirements or exemption provisions of the Securities Act and any applicable U.S. state securities laws, and (c)has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and in investments of this type that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the Purchase and of making an informed investment decision.
4.2 Legends .
(a) The Investor agrees that all certificates or other instruments representing the Warrant and the Warrant Shares will bear a legend substantially to the following effect:
“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT WHILE A REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING THERETO IS IN EFFECT UNDER SUCH ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER SUCH ACT OR SUCH LAWS.”
(b) The Investor agrees that all certificates or other instruments representing the Warrant will also bear a legend substantially to the following effect:
“THIS INSTRUMENT IS ISSUED SUBJECT TO THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF A SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES AND THE INVESTOR REFERRED TO THEREIN, A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE WITH THE ISSUER. THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT MAY NOT BE SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SAID AGREEMENT. ANY SALE OR OTHER TRANSFER NOT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SAID AGREEMENT WILL BE VOID.”
(c) In addition, the Investor agrees that all certificates or other instruments representing the Preferred Shares will bear a legend substantially to the following effect:
“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE NOT SAVINGS ACCOUNTS, DEPOSITS OR OTHER OBLIGATIONS OF A BANK AND ARE NOT INSURED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY.
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT WHILE A REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING THERETO IS IN EFFECT UNDER SUCH ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER SUCH ACT OR SUCH LAWS. EACH PURCHASER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT IS NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A THEREUNDER. ANY TRANSFEREE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF (1)REPRESENTS THAT IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT), (2)AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT OFFER, SELL OR OTHERWISE TRANSFER THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT EXCEPT (A)PURSUANT TO A REGISTRATION STATEMENT WHICH IS THEN EFFECTIVE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, (B)FOR SO LONG AS THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE ELIGIBLE FOR RESALE PURSUANT TO RULE 144A, TO A PERSON IT REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT THAT PURCHASES FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (C)TO THE ISSUER OR (D)PURSUANT TO ANY OTHER AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND (3)AGREES THAT IT WILL GIVE TO EACH PERSON TO WHOM THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS INSTRUMENT ARE TRANSFERRED A NOTICE SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE EFFECT OF THIS LEGEND.”
(d) In the event that any Purchased Securities or Warrant Shares (i)become registered under the Securities Act or (ii)are eligible to be transferred without restriction in accordance with Rule 144 or another exemption from registration under the Securities Act (other than Rule 144A), the Company shall issue new certificates or other instruments representing such Purchased Securities or Warrant Shares, which shall not contain the applicable legends in Sections 4.2(a) and (c)above; provided that the Investor surrenders to the Company the previously issued certificates or other instruments. Upon Transfer of all or a portion of the Warrant in compliance with Section4.4, the Company shall issue new certificates or other instruments representing the Warrant, which shall not contain the applicable legend in Section4.2(b) above; provided that the Investor surrenders to the Company the previously issued certificates or other instruments.
4.3 Certain Transactions . The Company will not merge or consolidate with, or sell, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its property or assets to, any other party unless the successor, transferee or lessee party (or its ultimate parent entity), as the case may be (if not the Company), expressly assumes the due and punctual performance and observance of each and every covenant, agreement and condition of this Agreement to be performed and observed by the Company.
4.4 Transfer of Purchased Securities and Warrant Shares; Restrictions on Exercise of the Warrant . Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, the Investor shall be permitted to transfer, sell, assign or otherwise dispose of (“ Transfer ”) all or a portion of the Purchased Securities or Warrant Shares at any time, and the Company shall take all steps as may be reasonably requested by the Investor to facilitate the Transfer of the Purchased Securities and the Warrant Shares; provided that the Investor shall not Transfer a portion or portions of the Warrant with respect to, and/or exercise the Warrant for, more than one-half of the Initial Warrant Shares (as such number may be adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section13 thereof) in the aggregate until the earlier of (a)the date on which the Company (or any successor by Business Combination) has received aggregate gross proceeds of not less than the Purchase Price (and the purchase price paid by the Investor to any such successor for securities of such successor purchased under the CPP) from one or more Qualified Equity Offerings (including Qualified Equity Offerings of such successor) and (b)December31, 2009. “ Qualified Equity Offering ” means the sale and issuance for cash by the Company to persons other than the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries after the Closing Date of shares of perpetual Preferred Stock, Common Stock or any combination of such stock, that, in each case, qualify as and may be included in Tier 1 capital of the Company at the time of issuance under the applicable risk-based capital guidelines of the Company’s Appropriate Federal Banking Agency (other than any such sales and issuances made pursuant to agreements or arrangements entered into, or pursuant to financing plans which were publicly announced, on or prior to October13, 2008). “ Business Combination ” means a merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange or similar transaction that requires the approval of the Company’s stockholders.
4.5 Registration Rights .
(a) Registration .
(i) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Company covenants and agrees that as promptly as practicable after the Closing Date (and in any event no later than 30 days after the Closing Date), the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC a Shelf Registration Statement covering all Registrable Securities (or otherwise designate an existing Shelf Registration Statement filed with the SEC to cover the Registrable Securities), and, to the extent the Shelf Registration Statement has not theretofore been declared effective or is not automatically effective upon such filing, the Company shall use reasonable best efforts to cause such Shelf Registration Statement to be declared or become effective and to keep such Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective and in compliance with the Securities Act and usable for resale of such Registrable Securities for a period from the date of its initial effectiveness until such time as there are no Registrable Securities remaining (including by refiling such Shelf Registration Statement (or a new Shelf Registration Statement) if the initial Shelf Registration Statement expires). So long as the Company is a well-known seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) at the time of filing of the Shelf Registration Statement with the SEC, such Shelf Registration Statement shall be designated by the Company as an automatic Shelf Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if on the Signing Date the Company is not eligible to file a registration statement on Form S-3, then the Company shall not be obligated to file a Shelf Registration Statement unless and until requested to do so in writing by the Investor.
(ii) Any registration pursuant to Section4.5(a)(i) shall be effected by means of a shelf registration on an appropriate form under Rule 415 under the Securities Act (a “ Shelf Registration Statement ”). If the Investor or any other Holder intends to distribute any Registrable Securities by means of an underwritten offering it shall promptly so advise the Company and the Company shall take all reasonable steps to facilitate such distribution, including the actions required pursuant to Section4.5(c); provided that the Company shall not be required to facilitate an underwritten offering of Registrable Securities unless the expected gross proceeds from such offering exceed (i)2% of the initial aggregate liquidation preference of the Preferred Shares if such initial aggregate liquidation preference is less than $2 billion and (ii)$200 million if the initial aggregate liquidation preference of the Preferred Shares is equal to or greater than $2 billion. The lead underwriters in any such distribution shall be selected by the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities to be distributed; provided that to the extent appropriate and permitted under applicable law, such Holders shall consider the qualifications of any broker-dealer Affiliate of the Company in selecting the lead underwriters in any such distribution.
(iii) The Company shall not be required to effect a registration (including a resale of Registrable Securities from an effective Shelf Registration Statement) or an underwritten offering pursuant to Section4.5(a): (A)with respect to securities that are not Registrable Securities; or (B)if the Company has notified the Investor and all other Holders that in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors, it would be materially detrimental to the Company or its securityholders for such registration or underwritten offering to be effected at such time, in which event the Company shall have the right to defer such registration for a period of not more than 45 days after receipt of the request of the Investor or any other Holder; provided that such right to delay a registration or underwritten offering shall be exercised by the Company (1)only if the Company has generally exercised (or is concurrently exercising) similar black-out rights against holders of similar securities that have registration rights and (2)not more than three times in any 12-month period and not more than 90 days in the aggregate in any 12-month period.
(iv) If during any period when an effective Shelf Registration Statement is not available, the Company proposes to register any of its equity securities, other than a registration pursuant to Section4.5(a)(i) or a Special Registration, and the registration form to be filed may be used for the registration or qualification for distribution of Registrable Securities, the Company will give prompt written notice to the Investor and all other Holders of its intention to effect such a registration (but in no event less than ten days prior to the anticipated filing date) and will include in such registration all Registrable Securities with respect to which the Company has received written requests for inclusion therein within ten business days after the date of the Company’s notice (a “ Piggyback Registration ”). Any such person that has made such a written request may withdraw its Registrable Securities from such Piggyback Registration by giving written notice to the Company and the managing underwriter, if any, on or before the fifth business day prior to the planned effective date of such Piggyback Registration. The Company may terminate or withdraw any registration under this Section4.5(a)(iv) prior to the effectiveness of such registration, whether or not Investor or any other Holders have elected to include Registrable Securities in such registration.
(v) If the registration referred to in Section4.5(a)(iv) is proposed to be underwritten, the Company will so advise Investor and all other Holders as a part of the written notice given pursuant to Section4.5(a)(iv). In such event, the right of Investor and all other Holders to registration pursuant to Section4.5(a) will be conditioned upon such persons’ participation in such underwriting and the inclusion of such person’s Registrable Securities in the underwriting if such securities are of the same class of securities as the securities to be offered in the underwritten offering, and each such person will (together with the Company and the other persons distributing their securities through such underwriting) enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the underwriter or underwriters selected for such underwriting by the Company; provided that the Investor (as opposed to other Holders) shall not be required to indemnify any person in connection with any registration. If any participating person disapproves of the terms of the underwriting, such person may elect to withdraw therefrom by written notice to the Company, the managing underwriters and the Investor (if the Investor is participating in the underwriting).
(vi) If either (x)the Company grants “piggyback” registration rights to one or more third parties to include their securities in an underwritten offering under the Shelf Registration Statement pursuant to Section4.5(a)(ii) or (y)a Piggyback Registration under Section4.5(a)(iv) relates to an underwritten offering on behalf of the Company, and in either case the managing underwriters advise the Company that in their reasonable opinion the number of securities requested to be included in such offering exceeds the number which can be sold without adversely affecting the marketability of such offering (including an adverse effect on the per share offering price), the Company will include in such offering only such number of securities that in the reasonable opinion of such managing underwriters can be sold without adversely affecting the marketability of the offering (including an adverse effect on the per share offering price), which securities will be so included in the following order of priority: (A)first, in the case of a Piggyback Registration under Section4.5(a)(iv), the securities the Company proposes to sell, (B)then the Registrable Securities of the Investor and all other Holders who have requested inclusion of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section4.5(a)(ii) or Section4.5(a)(iv), as applicable, pro rata on the basis of the aggregate number of such securities or shares owned by each such person and (C)lastly, any other securities of the Company that have been requested to be so included, subject to the terms of this Agreement; provided, however, that if the Company has, prior to the Signing Date, entered into an agreement with respect to its securities that is inconsistent with the order of priority contemplated hereby then it shall apply the order of priority in such conflicting agreement to the extent that it would otherwise result in a breach under such agreement.
(b) Expenses of Registration . All Registration Expenses incurred in connection with any registration, qualification or compliance hereunder shall be borne by the Company. All Selling Expenses incurred in connection with any registrations hereunder shall be borne by the holders of the securities so registered pro rata on the basis of the aggregate offering or sale price of the securities so registered.
(c) Obligations of the Company . The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts, for so long as there are Registrable Securities outstanding, to take such actions as are under its control to not become an ineligible issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) and to remain a well-known seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) if it has such status on the Signing Date or becomes eligible for such status in the future. In addition, whenever required to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities or facilitate the distribution of Registrable Securities pursuant to an effective Shelf Registration Statement, the Company shall, as expeditiously as reasonably practicable:
(i) Prepare and file with the SEC a prospectus supplement with respect to a proposed offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to an effective registration statement, subject to Section4.5(d), keep such registration statement effective and keep such prospectus supplement current until the securities described therein are no longer Registrable Securities.
(ii) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to the applicable registration statement and the prospectus or prospectus supplement used in connection with such registration statement as may be necessary to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by such registration statement.
(iii) Furnish to the Holders and any underwriters such number of copies of the applicable registration statement and each such amendment and supplement thereto (including in each case all exhibits) and of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and such other documents as they may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of Registrable Securities owned or to be distributed by them.
(iv) Use its reasonable best efforts to register and qualify the securities covered by such registration statement under such other securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as shall be reasonably requested by the Holders or any managing underwriter(s), to keep such registration or qualification in effect for so long as such registration statement remains in effect, and to take any other action which may be reasonably necessary to enable such seller to consummate the disposition in such jurisdictions of the securities owned by such Holder; provided that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto to qualify to do business or to file a general consent to service of process in any such states or jurisdictions.
(v) Notify each Holder of Registrable Securities at any time when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities Act of the happening of any event as a result of which the applicable prospectus, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing.
(vi) Give written notice to the Holders:
(A) when any registration statement filed pursuant to Section4.5(a) or any amendment thereto has been filed with the SEC (except for any amendment effected by the filing of a document with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act) and when such registration statement or any post-effective amendment thereto has become effective;
(B) of any request by the SEC for amendments or supplements to any registration statement or the prospectus included therein or for additional information;
(C) of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose;
(D) of the receipt by the Company or its legal counsel of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Common Stock for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose;
(E) of the happening of any event that requires the Company to make changes in any effective registration statement or the prospectus related to the registration statement in order to make the statements therein not misleading (which notice shall be accompanied by an instruction to suspend the use of the prospectus until the requisite changes have been made); and
(F) if at any time the representations and warranties of the Company contained in any underwriting agreement contemplated by Section4.5(c)(x) cease to be true and correct.
(vii) Use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance or obtain the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement referred to in Section4.5(c)(vi)(C) at the earliest practicable time.
(viii) Upon the occurrence of any event contemplated by Section4.5(c)(v) or 4.5(c)(vi)(E), promptly prepare a post-effective amendment to such registration statement or a supplement to the related prospectus or file any other required document so that, as thereafter delivered to the Holders and any underwriters, the prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. If the Company notifies the Holders in accordance with Section4.5(c)(vi)(E) to suspend the use of the prospectus until the requisite changes to the prospectus have been made, then the Holders and any underwriters shall suspend use of such prospectus and use their reasonable best efforts to return to the Company all copies of such prospectus (at the Company’s expense) other than permanent file copies then in such Holders’ or underwriters’ possession. The total number of days that any such suspension may be in effect in any 12-month period shall not exceed 90 days.
(ix) Use reasonable best efforts to procure the cooperation of the Company’s transfer agent in settling any offering or sale of Registrable Securities, including with respect to the transfer of physical stock certificates into book-entry form in accordance with any procedures reasonably requested by the Holders or any managing underwriter(s).
(x) If an underwritten offering is requested pursuant to Section4.5(a)(ii), enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form, scope and substance and take all such other actions reasonably requested by the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities being sold in connection therewith or by the managing underwriter(s), if any, to expedite or facilitate the underwritten disposition of such Registrable Securities, and in connection therewith in any underwritten offering (including making members of management and executives of the Company available to participate in “road shows”, similar sales events and other marketing activities), (A)make such representations and warranties to the Holders that are selling stockholders and the managing underwriter(s), if any, with respect to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, and the Shelf Registration Statement, prospectus and documents, if any, incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein, in each case, in customary form, substance and scope, and, if true, confirm the same if and when requested, (B)use its reasonable best efforts to furnish the underwriters with opinions of counsel to the Company, addressed to the managing underwriter(s), if any, covering the matters customarily covered in such opinions requested in underwritten offerings, (C)use its reasonable best efforts to obtain “cold comfort” letters from the independent certified public accountants of the Company (and, if necessary, any other independent certified public accountants of any business acquired by the Company for which financial statements and financial data are included in the Shelf Registration Statement) who have certified the financial statements included in such Shelf Registration Statement, addressed to each of the managing underwriter(s), if any, such letters to be in customary form and covering matters of the type customarily covered in “cold comfort” letters, (D)if an underwriting agreement is entered into, the same shall contain indemnification provisions and procedures customary in underwritten offerings (provided that the Investor shall not be obligated to provide any indemnity), and (E)deliver such documents and certificates as may be reasonably requested by the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities being sold in connection therewith, their counsel and the managing underwriter(s), if any, to evidence the continued validity of the representations and warranties made pursuant to clause (i)above and to evidence compliance with any customary conditions contained in the underwriting agreement or other agreement entered into by the Company.
(xi) Make available for inspection by a representative of Holders that are selling stockholders, the managing underwriter(s), if any, and any attorneys or accountants retained by such Holders or managing underwriter(s), at the offices where normally kept, during reasonable business hours, financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company, and cause the officers, directors and employees of the Company to supply all information in each case reasonably requested (and of the type customarily provided in connection with due diligence conducted in connection with a registered public offering of securities) by any such representative, managing underwriter(s), attorney or accountant in connection with such Shelf Registration Statement.
(xii) Use reasonable best efforts to cause all such Registrable Securities to be listed on each national securities exchange on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed or, if no similar securities issued by the Company are then listed on any national securities exchange, use its reasonable best efforts to cause all such Registrable Securities to be listed on such securities exchange as the Investor may designate.
(xiii) If requested by Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities being registered and/or sold in connection therewith, or the managing underwriter(s), if any, promptly include in a prospectus supplement or amendment such information as the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities being registered and/or sold in connection therewith or managing underwriter(s), if any, may reasonably request in order to permit the intended method of distribution of such securities and make all required filings of such prospectus supplement or such amendment as soon as practicable after the Company has received such request.
(xiv) Timely provide to its security holders earning statements satisfying the provisions of Section11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder.
(d) Suspension of Sales . Upon receipt of written notice from the Company that a registration statement, prospectus or prospectus supplement contains or may contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omits or may omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that circumstances exist that make inadvisable use of such registration statement, prospectus or prospectus supplement, the Investor and each Holder of Registrable Securities shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities until the Investor and/or Holder has received copies of a supplemented or amended prospectus or prospectus supplement, or until the Investor and/or such Holder is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the prospectus and, if applicable, prospectus supplement may be resumed, and, if so directed by the Company, the Investor and/or such Holder shall deliver to the Company (at the Company’s expense) all copies, other than permanent file copies then in the Investor and/or such Holder’s possession, of the prospectus and, if applicable, prospectus supplement covering such Registrable Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice. The total number of days that any such suspension may be in effect in any 12-month period shall not exceed 90 days.
(e) Termination of Registration Rights . A Holder’s registration rights as to any securities held by such Holder (and its Affiliates, partners, members and former members) shall not be available unless such securities are Registrable Securities.
(f) Furnishing Information .
(i) Neither the Investor nor any Holder shall use any free writing prospectus (as defined in Rule 405) in connection with the sale of Registrable Securities without the prior written consent of the Company.
(ii) It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to take any action pursuant to Section4.5(c) that Investor and/or the selling Holders and the underwriters, if any, shall furnish to the Company such information regarding themselves, the Registrable Securities held by them and the intended method of disposition of such securities as shall be required to effect the registered offering of their Registrable Securities.
(g) Indemnification .
(i) The Company agrees to indemnify each Holder and, if a Holder is a person other than an individual, such Holder’s officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives and Affiliates, and each Person, if any, that controls a Holder within the meaning of the Securities Act (each, an “ Indemnitee ”), against any and all losses, claims, damages, actions, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable fees, expenses and disbursements of attorneys and other professionals incurred in connection with investigating, defending, settling, compromising or paying any such losses, claims, damages, actions, liabilities, costs and expenses), joint or several, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of material fact contained in any registration statement, including any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or any amendments or supplements thereto or any documents incorporated therein by reference or contained in any free writing prospectus (as such term is defined in Rule 405) prepared by the Company or authorized by it in writing for use by such Holder (or any amendment or supplement thereto); or any omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided , that the Company shall not be liable to such Indemnitee in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability (or action or proceeding in respect thereof) or expense arises out of or is based upon (A)an untrue statement or omission made in such registration statement, including any such preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or any such amendments or supplements thereto or contained in any free writing prospectus (as such term is defined in Rule 405) prepared by the Company or authorized by it in writing for use by such Holder (or any amendment or supplement thereto), in reliance upon and in conformity with information regarding such Indemnitee or its plan of distribution or ownership interests which was furnished in writing to the Company by such Indemnitee for use in connection with such registration statement, including any such preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or any such amendments or supplements thereto, or (B)offers or sales effected by or on behalf of such Indemnitee “by means of” (as defined in Rule 159A) a “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405) that was not authorized in writing by the Company.
(ii) If the indemnification provided for in Section4.5(g)(i)is unavailable to an Indemnitee with respect to any losses, claims, damages, actions, liabilities, costs or expenses referred to therein or is insufficient to hold the Indemnitee harmless as contemplated therein, then the Company, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnitee as a result of such losses, claims, damages, actions, liabilities, costs or expenses in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnitee, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, actions, liabilities, costs or expenses as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and of the Indemnitee, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other factors, whether the untrue statement of a material fact or omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Indemnitee and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission; the Company and each Holder agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section4.5(g)(ii)were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in Section4.5(g)(i). No Indemnitee guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section11(f)of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from the Company if the Company was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
(h) Assignment of Registration Rights . The rights of the Investor to registration of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section4.5(a) may be assigned by the Investor to a transferee or assignee of Registrable Securities with a liquidation preference or, in the case of Registrable Securities other than Preferred Shares, a market value, no less than an amount equal to (i)2% of the initial aggregate liquidation preference of the Preferred Shares if such initial aggregate liquidation preference is less than $2 billion and (ii)$200 million if the initial aggregate liquidation preference of the Preferred Shares is equal to or greater than $2 billion; provided , however , the transferor shall, within ten days after such transfer, furnish to the Company written notice of the name and address of such transferee or assignee and the number and type of Registrable Securities that are being assigned. For purposes of this Section4.5(h), “market value” per share of Common Stock shall be the last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the national securities exchange on which the Common Stock is listed or admitted to trading on the last trading day prior to the proposed transfer, and the “market value” for the Warrant (or any portion thereof) shall be the market value per share of Common Stock into which the Warrant (or such portion) is exercisable less the exercise price per share.
(i) Clear Market . With respect to any underwritten offering of Registrable Securities by the Investor or other Holders pursuant to this Section4.5, the Company agrees not to effect (other than pursuant to such registration or pursuant to a Special Registration) any public sale or distribution, or to file any Shelf Registration Statement (other than such registration or a Special Registration) covering, in the case of an underwritten offering of Common Stock or Warrants, any of its equity securities or, in the case of an underwritten offering of Preferred Shares, any Preferred Stock of the Company, or, in each case, any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for such securities, during the period not to exceed ten days prior and 60 days following the effective date of such offering or such longer period up to 90 days as may be requested by the managing underwriter for such underwritten offering. The Company also agrees to cause such of its directors and senior executive officers to execute and deliver customary lock-up agreements in such form and for such time period up to 90 days as may be requested by the managing underwriter. “ Special Registration ” means the registration of (A)equity securities and/or options or other rights in respect thereof solely registered on Form S-4 or Form S-8 (or successor form) or (B)shares of equity securities and/or options or other rights in respect thereof to be offered to directors, members of management, employees, consultants, customers, lenders or vendors of the Company or Company Subsidiaries or in connection with dividend reinvestment plans.
(j) Rule144; Rule 144A . With a view to making available to the Investor and Holders the benefits of certain rules and regulations of the SEC which may permit the sale of the Registrable Securities to the public without registration, the Company agrees to use its reasonable best efforts to:
(i) make and keep public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in Rule144(c)(1) or any similar or analogous rule promulgated under the Securities Act, at all times after the Signing Date;
(ii) (A) file with the SEC, in a timely manner, all reports and other documents required of the Company under the Exchange Act, and (B)if at any time the Company is not required to file such reports, make available, upon the request of any Holder, such information necessary to permit sales pursuant to Rule 144A (including the information required by Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act);
(iii) so long as the Investor or a Holder owns any Registrable Securities, furnish to the Investor or such Holder forthwith upon request: a written statement by the Company as to its compliance with the reporting requirements of Rule144 under the Securities Act, and of the Exchange Act; a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Company; and such other reports and documents as the Investor or Holder may reasonably request in availing itself of any rule or regulation of the SEC allowing it to sell any such securities to the public without registration; and
(iv) take such further action as any Holder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell Registrable Securities without registration under the Securities Act.
(k) As used in this Section4.5, the following terms shall have the following respective meanings:
(i) “ Holder ” means the Investor and any other holder of Registrable Securities to whom the registration rights conferred by this Agreement have been transferred in compliance with Section4.5(h) hereof.
(ii) “ Holders’ Counsel ” means one counsel for the selling Holders chosen by Holders holding a majority interest in the Registrable Securities being registered.
(iii) “ Register ,” “ registered ,” and “ registration ” shall refer to a registration effected by preparing and (A)filing a registration statement in compliance with the Securities Act and applicable rules and regulations thereunder, and the declaration or ordering of effectiveness of such registration statement or (B)filing a prospectus and/or prospectus supplement in respect of an appropriate effective registration statement on Form S-3.
(iv) “ Registrable Securities ” means (A)all Preferred Shares, (B)the Warrant (subject to Section4.5(p)) and (C)any equity securities issued or issuable directly or indirectly with respect to the securities referred to in the foregoing clauses (A)or (B)by way of conversion, exercise or exchange thereof, including the Warrant Shares, or share dividend or share split or in connection with a combination of shares, recapitalization, reclassification, merger, amalgamation, arrangement, consolidation or other reorganization, provided that, once issued, such securities will not be Registrable Securities when (1)they are sold pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, (2)except as provided below in Section4.5(o), they may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without limitation thereunder on volume or manner of sale, (3)they shall have ceased to be outstanding or (4)they have been sold in a private transaction in which the transferor’s rights under this Agreement are not assigned to the transferee of the securities. No Registrable Securities may be registered under more than one registration statement at any one time.
(v) “ Registration Expenses ” mean all expenses incurred by the Company in effecting any registration pursuant to this Agreement (whether or not any registration or prospectus becomes effective or final) or otherwise complying with its obligations under this Section4.5, including all registration, filing and listing fees, printing expenses, fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, blue sky fees and expenses, expenses incurred in connection with any “road show”, the reasonable fees and disbursements of Holders’ Counsel, and expenses of the Company’s independent accountants in connection with any regular or special reviews or audits incident to or required by any such registration, but shall not include Selling Expenses.
(vi) “ Rule 144 ”, “ Rule 144A ”, “ Rule 159A ”, “ Rule 405 ” and “ Rule 415 ” mean, in each case, such rule promulgated under the Securities Act (or any successor provision), as the same shall be amended from time to time.
(vii) “ Selling Expenses ” mean all discounts, selling commissions and stock transfer taxes applicable to the sale of Registrable Securities and fees and disbursements of counsel for any Holder (other than the fees and disbursements of Holders’ Counsel included in Registration Expenses).
(l) At any time, any holder of Securities (including any Holder) may elect to forfeit its rights set forth in this Section4.5 from that date forward; provided , that a Holder forfeiting such rights shall nonetheless be entitled to participate under Section4.5(a)(iv) - (vi)in any Pending Underwritten Offering to the same extent that such Holder would have been entitled to if the holder had not withdrawn; and provided , further , that no such forfeiture shall terminate a Holder’s rights or obligations under Section4.5(f) with respect to any prior registration or Pending Underwritten Offering. “ Pending Underwritten Offering” means , with respect to any Holder forfeiting its rights pursuant to this Section4.5(l), any underwritten offering of Registrable Securities in which such Holder has advised the Company of its intent to register its Registrable Securities either pursuant to Section4.5(a)(ii) or 4.5(a)(iv) prior to the date of such Holder’s forfeiture.
(m) Specific Performance . The parties hereto acknowledge that there would be no adequate remedy at law if the Company fails to perform any of its obligations under this Section4.5 and that the Investor and the Holders from time to time may be irreparably harmed by any such failure, and accordingly agree that the Investor and such Holders, in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled at law or in equity, to the fullest extent permitted and enforceable under applicable law shall be entitled to compel specific performance of the obligations of the Company under this Section4.5 in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Section4.5.
(n) No Inconsistent Agreements . The Company shall not, on or after the Signing Date, enter into any agreement with respect to its securities that may impair the rights granted to the Investor and the Holders under this Section4.5 or that otherwise conflicts with the provisions hereof in any manner that may impair the rights granted to the Investor and the Holders under this Section4.5. In the event the Company has, prior to the Signing Date, entered into any agreement with respect to its securities that is inconsistent with the rights granted to the Investor and the Holders under this Section4.5 (including agreements that are inconsistent with the order of priority contemplated by Section4.5(a)(vi)) or that may otherwise conflict with the provisions hereof, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to amend such agreements to ensure they are consistent with the provisions of this Section4.5.
(o) Certain Offerings by the Investor . In the case of any securities held by the Investor that cease to be Registrable Securities solely by reason of clause (2)in the definition of “Registrable Securities,” the provisions of Sections 4.5(a)(ii), clauses (iv), (ix)and (x)-(xii)of Section4.5(c), Section4.5(g) and Section4.5(i) shall continue to apply until such securities otherwise cease to be Registrable Securities. In any such case, an “underwritten” offering or other disposition shall include any distribution of such securities on behalf of the Investor by one or more broker-dealers, an “underwriting agreement” shall include any purchase agreement entered into by such broker-dealers, and any “registration statement” or “prospectus” shall include any offering document approved by the Company and used in connection with such distribution.
(p) Registered Sales of the Warrant . The Holders agree to sell the Warrant or any portion thereof under the Shelf Registration Statement only beginning 30 days after notifying the Company of any such sale, during which 30-day period the Investor and all Holders of the Warrant shall take reasonable steps to agree to revisions to the Warrant to permit a public distribution of the Warrant, including entering into a warrant agreement and appointing a warrant agent.
4.6 Voting of Warrant Shares . Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Investor shall not exercise any voting rights with respect to the Warrant Shares.
4.7 Depositary Shares . Upon request by the Investor at any time following the Closing Date, the Company shall promptly enter into a depositary arrangement, pursuant to customary agreements reasonably satisfactory to the Investor and with a depositary reasonably acceptable to the Investor, pursuant to which the Preferred Shares may be deposited and depositary shares, each representing a fraction of a Preferred Share as specified by the Investor, may be issued. From and after the execution of any such depositary arrangement, and the deposit of any Preferred Shares pursuant thereto, the depositary shares issued pursuant thereto shall be deemed “Preferred Shares” and, as applicable, “Registrable Securities” for purposes of this Agreement.
4.8 Restriction on Dividends and Repurchases .
(a) Prior to the earlier of (x)the third anniversary of the Closing Date and (y)the date on which the Preferred Shares have been redeemed in whole or the Investor has transferred all of the Preferred Shares to third parties which are not Affiliates of the Investor, neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary shall, without the consent of the Investor:
(i) declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution on the Common Stock (other than (A)regular quarterly cash dividends of not more than the amount of the last quarterly cash dividend per share declared or, if lower, publicly announced an intention to declare, on the Common Stock prior to October14, 2008, as adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend, reverse stock split, reclassification or similar transaction, (B)dividends payable solely in shares of Common Stock and (C)dividends or distributions of rights or Junior Stock in connection with a stockholders’ rights plan); or
(ii) redeem, purchase or acquire any shares of Common Stock or other capital stock or other equity securities of any kind of the Company, or any trust preferred securities issued by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company, other than (A)redemptions, purchases or other acquisitions of the Preferred Shares, (B)redemptions, purchases or other acquisitions of shares of Common Stock or other Junior Stock, in each case in this clause (B)in connection with the administration of any employee benefit plan in the ordinary course of business (including purchases to offset the Share Dilution Amount (as defined below) pursuant to a publicly announced repurchase plan) and consistent with past practice; provided that any purchases to offset the Share Dilution Amount shall in no event exceed the Share Dilution Amount, (C)purchases or other acquisitions by a broker-dealer subsidiary of the Company solely for the purpose of market-making, stabilization or customer facilitation transactions in Junior Stock or Parity Stock in the ordinary course of its business, (D)purchases by a broker-dealer subsidiary of the Company of capital stock of the Company for resale pursuant to an offering by the Company of such capital stock underwritten by such broker-dealer subsidiary, (E)any redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant to any stockholders’ rights plan, (F)the acquisition by the Company or any of the Company Subsidiaries of record ownership in Junior Stock or Parity Stock for the beneficial ownership of any other persons (other than the Company or any other Company Subsidiary), including as trustees or custodians, and (G)the exchange or conversion of Junior Stock for or into other Junior Stock or of Parity Stock or trust preferred securities for or into other Parity Stock (with the same or lesser aggregate liquidation amount) or Junior Stock, in each case set forth in this clause (G), solely to the extent required pursuant to binding contractual agreements entered into prior to the Signing Date or any subsequent agreement for the accelerated exercise, settlement or exchange thereof for Common Stock (clauses (C)and (F), collectively, the “ Permitted Repurchases ”). “ Share Dilution Amount ” means the increase in the number of diluted shares outstanding (determined in accordance with GAAP, and as measured from the date of the Company’s most recently filed Company Financial Statements prior to the Closing Date) resulting from the grant, vesting or exercise of equity-based compensation to employees and equitably adjusted for any stock split, stock dividend, reverse stock split, reclassification or similar transaction.
(b) Until such time as the Investor ceases to own any Preferred Shares, the Company shall not repurchase any Preferred Shares from any holder thereof, whether by means of open market purchase, negotiated transaction, or otherwise, other than Permitted Repurchases, unless it offers to repurchase a ratable portion of the Preferred Shares then held by the Investor on the same terms and conditions.
(c) “ Junior Stock” means Common Stock and any other class or series of stock of the Company the terms of which expressly provide that it ranks junior to the Preferred Shares as to dividend rights and/or as to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. “ Parity Stock” means any class or series of stock of the Company the terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or series will rank senior or junior to the Preferred Shares as to dividend rights and/or as to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company (in each case without regard to whether dividends accrue cumulatively or non-cumulatively).
4.9 Repurchase of Investor Securities .
(a) Following the redemption in whole of the Preferred Shares held by the Investor or the Transfer by the Investor of all of the Preferred Shares to one or more third parties not affiliated with the Investor, the Company may repurchase, in whole or in part, at any time any other equity securities of the Company purchased by the Investor pursuant to this Agreement or the Warrant and then held by the Investor, upon notice given as provided in clause (b)below, at the Fair Market Value of the equity security.
(b) Notice of every repurchase of equity securities of the Company held by the Investor shall be given at the address and in the manner set forth for such party in Section5.6. Each notice of repurchase given to the Investor shall state: (i)the number and type of securities to be repurchased, (ii)the Board of Director’s determination of Fair Market Value of such securities and (iii)the place or places where certificates representing such securities are to be surrendered for payment of the repurchase price. The repurchase of the securities specified in the notice shall occur as soon as practicable following the determination of the Fair Market Value of the securities.
(c) As used in this Section4.9, the following terms shall have the following respective meanings:
(i) “ Appraisal Procedure ” means a procedure whereby two independent appraisers, one chosen by the Company and one by the Investor, shall mutually agree upon the Fair Market Value. Each party shall deliver a notice to the other appointing its appraiser within 10 days after the Appraisal Procedure is invoked. If within 30 days after appointment of the two appraisers they are unable to agree upon the Fair Market Value, a third independent appraiser shall be chosen within 10 days thereafter by the mutual consent of such first two appraisers. The decision of the third appraiser so appointed and chosen shall be given within 30 days after the selection of such third appraiser. If three appraisers shall be appointed and the determination of one appraiser is disparate from the middle determination by more than twice the amount by which the other determination is disparate from the middle determination, then the determination of such appraiser shall be excluded, the remaining two determinations shall be averaged and such average shall be binding and conclusive upon the Company and the Investor; otherwise, the average of all three determinations shall be binding upon the Company and the Investor. The costs of conducting any Appraisal Procedure shall be borne by the Company.
(ii) “ Fair Market Value ” means, with respect to any security, the fair market value of such security as determined by the Board of Directors, acting in good faith in reliance on an opinion of a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained by the Company for this purpose and certified in a resolution to the Investor. If the Investor does not agree with the Board of Director’s determination, it may object in writing within 10 days of receipt of the Board of Director’s determination. In the event of such an objection, an authorized representative of the Investor and the chief executive officer of the Company shall promptly meet to resolve the objection and to agree upon the Fair Market Value. If the chief executive officer and the authorized representative are unable to agree on the Fair Market Value during the 10-day period following the delivery of the Investor’s objection, the Appraisal Procedure may be invoked by either party to determine the Fair Market Value by delivery of a written notification thereof not later than the 30 th day after delivery of the Investor’s objection.
4.10 Executive Compensation . Until such time as the Investor ceases to own any debt or equity securities of the Company acquired pursuant to this Agreement or the Warrant, the Company shall take all necessary action to ensure that its Benefit Plans with respect to its Senior Executive Officers comply in all respects with Section111(b) of the EESA as implemented by any guidance or regulation thereunder that has been issued and is in effect as of the Closing Date, and shall not adopt any new Benefit Plan with respect to its Senior Executive Officers that does not comply therewith. “ Senior Executive Officers ” means the Company’s “senior executive officers” as defined in subsection 111(b)(3) of the EESA and regulations issued thereunder, including the rules set forth in 31 C.F.R. Part 30.
ARTICLE V
Miscellaneous
5.1 Termination . This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Closing:
(a) by either the Investor or the Company if the Closing shall not have occurred by the 30 th calendar day following the Signing Date; provided , however , that in the event the Closing has not occurred by such 30 th calendar day, the parties will consult in good faith to determine whether to extend the term of this Agreement, it being understood that the parties shall be required to consult only until the fifth day after such 30 th calendar day and not be under any obligation to extend the term of this Agreement thereafter; provided , further , that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section5.1(a) shall not be available to any party whose breach of any representation or warranty or failure to perform any obligation under this Agreement shall have caused or resulted in the failure of the Closing to occur on or prior to such date; or
(b) by either the Investor or the Company in the event that any Governmental Entity shall have issued an order, decree or ruling or taken any other action restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and such order, decree, ruling or other action shall have become final and nonappealable; or
(c) by the mutual written consent of the Investor and the Company.
In the event of termination of this Agreement as provided in this Section5.1, this Agreement shall forthwith become void and there shall be no liability on the part of either party hereto except that nothing herein shall relieve either party from liability for any breach of this Agreement.
5.2 Survival of Representations and Warranties . All covenants and agreements, other than those which by their terms apply in whole or in part after the Closing, shall terminate as of the Closing. The representations and warranties of the Company made herein or in any certificates delivered in connection with the Closing shall survive the Closing without limitation.
5.3 Amendment . No amendment of any provision of this Agreement will be effective unless made in writing and signed by an officer or a duly authorized representative of each party; provided that the Investor may unilaterally amend any provision of this Agreement to the extent required to comply with any changes after the Signing Date in applicable federal statutes. No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative of any rights or remedies provided by law.
5.4 Waiver of Conditions . The conditions to each party’s obligation to consummate the Purchase are for the sole benefit of such party and may be waived by such party in whole or in part to the extent permitted by applicable law. No waiver will be effective unless it is in a writing signed by a duly authorized officer of the waiving party that makes express reference to the provision or provisions subject to such waiver.
5.5 Governing Law: Submission to Jurisdiction, Etc. This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the federal law of the United States if and to the extent such law is applicable, and otherwise in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such State. Each of the parties hereto agrees (a) to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia and the United States Court of Federal Claims for any and all civil actions, suits or proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the Warrant or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, and (b) that notice may be served upon (i) the Company at the address and in the manner set forth for notices to the Company in Section 5.6 and (ii) the Investor in accordance with federal law. To the extent permitted by applicable law, each of the parties hereto hereby unconditionally waives trial by jury in any civil legal action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or the Warrant or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.
5.6 Notices . Any notice, request, instruction or other document to be given hereunder by any party to the other will be in writing and will be deemed to have been duly given (a)on the date of delivery if delivered personally, or by facsimile, upon confirmation of receipt, or (b)on the second business day following the date of dispatch if delivered by a recognized next day courier service. All notices to the Company shall be delivered as set forth in Schedule A , or pursuant to such other instruction as may be designated in writing by the Company to the Investor. All notices to the Investor shall be delivered as set forth below, or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the Investor to the Company.
If to the Investor:
United States Department of the Treasury
1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Room 2312
Washington, D.C. 20220
Attention: Assistant General Counsel (Banking and Finance)
Facsimile: (202) 622-1974
5.7 Definitions
(a) When a reference is made in this Agreement to a subsidiary of a person, the term “ subsidiary ” means any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other entity (x)of which such person or a subsidiary of such person is a general partner or (y)of which a majority of the voting securities or other voting interests, or a majority of the securities or other interests of which having by their terms ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or persons performing similar functions with respect to such entity, is directly or indirectly owned by such person and/or one or more subsidiaries thereof.
(b) The term “ Affiliate ” means, with respect to any person, any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with, such other person. For purposes of this definition, “ control ” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “ controlled by ” and “ under common control with ”) when used with respect to any person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to cause the direction of management and/or policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting securities by contract or otherwise.
(c) The terms “ knowledge of the Company ” or “ Company’s knowledge ” mean the actual knowledge after reasonable and due inquiry of the “ officers ” (as such term is defined in Rule3b-2 under the Exchange Act, but excluding any Vice President or Secretary) of the Company.
5.8 Assignment . Neither this Agreement nor any right, remedy, obligation nor liability arising hereunder or by reason hereof shall be assignable by any party hereto without the prior written consent of the other party, and any attempt to assign any right, remedy, obligation or liability hereunder without such consent shall be void, except (a)an assignment, in the case of a Business Combination where such party is not the surviving entity, or a sale of substantially all of its assets, to the entity which is the survivor of such Business Combination or the purchaser in such sale and (b)as provided in Section4.5.
5.9 Severability . If any provision of this Agreement or the Warrant, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions hereof, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it has been held invalid or unenforceable, will remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated thereby, so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon such determination, the parties shall negotiate in good faith in an effort to agree upon a suitable and equitable substitute provision to effect the original intent of the parties.
5.10 No Third Party Beneficiaries . Nothing contained in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer upon any person or entity other than the Company and the Investor any benefit, right or remedies, except that the provisions of Section4.5 shall inure to the benefit of the persons referred to in that Section.
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34
EXHIBIT 10.9
WAIVER
In consideration for the benefits I will receive as a result of my employer’s participation in the United States Department of the Treasury’s TARP Capital Purchase Program, I hereby voluntarily waive any claim against the United States or my employer for any changes to my compensation or benefits that are required to comply with the regulation issued by the Department of the Treasury as published in the Federal Register on October 20, 2008.
I acknowledge that this regulation may require modification of the compensation, bonus, incentive and other benefit plans, arrangements, policies and agreements (including so-called “golden parachute” agreements) that I have with my employer or in which I participate as they relate to the period the United States holds any equity or debt securities of my employer acquired through the TARP Capital Purchase Program.
This waiver includes all claims I may have under the laws of the United States or any state related to the requirements imposed by the aforementioned regulation, including without limitation a claim for any compensation or other payments I would otherwise receive, any challenge to the process by which this regulation was adopted and any tort or constitutional claim about the effect of these regulations on my employment relationship.
Dated: |
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EXHIBIT 10.9.1
CONSENT
We, the undersigned, hereby do consent to the adoption of the amendments to the “Benefit Plans” as defined in and as described in the attached "Unanimous Written Consent in Lieu of Meeting to Amend Benefit Plans to Comply With Emergency Economic Stabilization Act adopted as of October 31, 2008, by the Executive Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, as and to the extent, and for the period, required by the provisions of Section 111 of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”) applicable to participants in the Capital Purchase Program under EESA and the regulation issued by the Department of the Treasury as published in the Federal Register on October 20, 2008.
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Agreed to and acknowledged as of the __________day of______________, 2008: |
WHEREAS Cathay General Bancorp (the “Company”) has entered or will enter into a Securities Purchase Agreement with the United States Department of Treasury (the “Agreement”) as part of the Capital Purchase Program under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 as amended from time to time (“EESA”); and
WHEREAS pursuant to Section 1.2(d)(iv) of the Agreement, the Company is required to amend its “Benefit Plans” with respect to its “Senior Executive Officers” (as such terms are defined in the Agreement) to the extent necessary to comply with Section 111 of EESA; and
WHEREAS the applicable “Benefit Plans” are the plans in which any Senior Executive Officer participates, or is eligible to participate, and the agreements to which any Senior Executive Officer is a party, that either: (i) provide for incentive or bonus compensation based on the achievement of performance goals tied to or affected by the Company’s financial results (“Financial Performance Plans”) or (ii) provide for payments or benefits upon an “applicable severance from employment” within the meaning of EESA (“Involuntary Separation Pay Arrangements”);
RESOLVED that each Financial Performance Plan and Involuntary Separation Pay Arrangement is hereby amended effective as of the date of entry into the Agreement as follows:
1. Compliance With Section 111 of EESA . Each Financial Performance Plan and Involuntary Separation Pay Arrangement is hereby amended by adding the following provision as a final section to such arrangement:
“ Compliance With Section 111 of EESA . Solely to the extent, and for the period, required by the provisions of Section 111 of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”) applicable to participants in the Capital Purchase Program under EESA and the regulation issued by the Department of the Treasury as published in the Federal Register on October 20, 2008: (a) each “Senior Executive Officer” within the meaning of Section 111 of EESA and the regulation issued by the Department of the Treasury as published in the Federal Register on October 20, 2008 who participates in this plan or is a party to this agreement shall be ineligible to receive compensation hereunder to the extent that the Executive Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company determines this plan or agreement includes incentives for the Senior Executive Officer to take unnecessary and excessive risks that threaten the value of the financial institution; (b) each Senior Executive Officer who participates in this plan or is a party to this agreement shall be required to forfeit any bonus or incentive compensation paid to the Senior Executive Officer hereunder during the period that the Department of the Treasury holds a debt or equity position in the Company based on statements of earnings, gains, or other criteria that are later proven to be materially inaccurate; and (c) the Company shall be prohibited from making to each Senior Executive Officer who participates in this plan or is a party to this agreement, and each such Senior Executive Officer shall be ineligible to receive hereunder, any “golden parachute payment” in connection with the Senior Executive Officer’s “applicable severance from employment,” in each case, within the meaning of Section 111 of EESA and the regulation issued by the Department of the Treasury as published in the Federal Register on October 20, 2008.”
2. Continuation of Affected Plans . Except as expressly or by necessary implication amended hereby, each Financial Performance Plan and Involuntary Separation Pay Arrangement shall continue in full force and effect.
2
EXHIBIT 10.10
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE OF CONTROL
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Change of Control Employment Agreement is made as of the 18th day of December, 2008 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Cathay Bank, a California state chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Bank ”), and Dunson K. Cheng (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) and the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “ Bank Board ”), have determined that it is in the best interests of the Bank and the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) will have the continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). The Board believes it is imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to encourage the Executive’s full attention and dedication to the Company in the event of any threatened or pending Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control that ensure that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive will be satisfied and that provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements that are competitive with those of other corporations. Therefore, in order to accomplish these objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . (a) “ Effective Date ” means the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined herein) on which a Change of Control occurs. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company, (ii) the Date of Termination is prior to the date on which a Change of Control occurs, and (iii) it is reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of employment (A) was at the request of a third party that has taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (B) otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the “ Effective Date ” means the date immediately prior to such Date of Termination.
(b) “ Change of Control Period ” means the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the date hereof; provided, however , that, commencing on the date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, the “ Renewal Date ”), unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from such Renewal Date, unless, at least 60 days prior to the Renewal Date, the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.
(c) “ Affiliated Company ” means any company controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
(d) “ Change of Control ” means:
(1) Any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)) (a “ Person ”) becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (A) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Outstanding Company Common Stock ”) or (B) the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Outstanding Company Voting Securities ”); provided, however, that, for purposes of this Section 1(d), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company or (iv) any acquisition pursuant to a transaction that complies with Sections 1(d)(3)(A), 1(d)(3)(B) and 1(d)(3)(C);
(2) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “ Incumbent Board ”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board;
(3) Consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Business Combination ”), in each case unless, following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the
case may be, (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such corporation, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
(4) Approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Section 2. Employment Period . The Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) hereby agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Employment Period ”). The Employment Period shall terminate upon the Executive’s termination of employment for any reason.
Section 3. Terms of Employment . (a) Position and Duties . (1) During the Employment Period, (A) the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all respects with the most significant of those held, exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive’s services shall be performed at the office where the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or at any other location less than 35 miles from such office.
(2) During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive’s reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently such responsibilities. During the Employment Period, it shall not be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B) deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities as an employee of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that, to the extent that any such activities have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date, the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities to the Company.
(b) Compensation . (1) Base Salary . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary (the “ Annual Base Salary ”) at an annual rate at least equal to 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid or payable, including any base salary that has been
earned but deferred, to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies in respect of the 12-month period immediately preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs. The Annual Base Salary shall be paid at such intervals as the Company or the Bank (as applicable) pays executive salaries generally. During the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed at least annually, beginning no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date. Any increase in the Annual Base Salary shall not serve to limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this Agreement. The Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any such increase and the term “Annual Base Salary” shall refer to the Annual Base Salary as so increased.
(2) Annual Bonus . In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the “ Annual Bonus ”) in cash at least equal to the Executive’s highest bonus earned under the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) annual incentive plan or program, or any comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date (or for such lesser number of full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date for which the Executive was eligible to earn such a bonus, and annualized in the case of any pro rata bonus earned for a partial fiscal year) (the “ Recent Annual Bonus ”). (If the Executive has not been eligible to earn such a bonus for any period prior to the Effective Date, the “ Recent Annual Bonus ” shall mean the Executive’s target annual bonus for the year in which the Effective Date occurs.) Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later than two and a half months after the end of the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus pursuant to an arrangement that meets the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).
(3) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all cash incentive, equity incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices, policies, and programs applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case, less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of those provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies for the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(4) Welfare Benefit Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as the case may be, shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and programs provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies (including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental, disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with benefits that are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in effect for the Executive at any time during the
120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(5) Expenses . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(6) Fringe Benefits . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including, without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(7) Office and Support Staff . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(8) Vacation . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company and the Affiliated Companies as in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
Section 4. Termination of Employment . (a) Death or Disability. The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically if the Executive dies during the Employment Period. If the Company determines in good faith that the Disability (as defined herein) of the Executive has occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition of “ Disability ”), it may give to the Executive written notice in accordance with Section 11(b) of its intention to terminate the Executive’s employment. In such event, the Executive’s employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice by the Executive (the “ Disability Effective Date ”), provided that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive’s duties. “ Disability ” means the absence of the Executive from the Executive’s duties with the Company or the Bank (as applicable) on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as a result of incapacity due to
mental or physical illness that is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or the Executive’s legal representative.
(b) Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment during the Employment Period with or without Cause. “ Cause ” means:
(1) the willful and continued failure of the Executive to perform substantially the Executive’s duties (as contemplated by Section 3(a)(1)(A)) with the Company or any Affiliated Company (other than any such failure resulting from incapacity due to physical or mental illness or following the Executive’s delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company believes that the Executive has not substantially performed the Executive’s duties, or
(2) the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or gross misconduct that is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company.
For purposes of this Section 4(b), no act, or failure to act, on the part of the Executive shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company. Any act, or failure to act, based upon (A) authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by the Board, or if the Company is not the ultimate parent corporation of the Affiliated Companies and is not publicly-traded, the board of directors of the ultimate parent of the Company (the “ Applicable Board ”) or (B) the advice of counsel for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests of the Company. The cessation of employment of the Executive shall not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire membership of the Applicable Board (excluding the Executive, if the Executive is a member of the Applicable Board) at a meeting of the Applicable Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel for the Executive, to be heard before the Applicable Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion of the Applicable Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in Section 4(b)(1) or 4(b)(2), and specifying the particulars thereof in detail.
(c) Good Reason . The Executive’s employment may be terminated during the Employment Period by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Executive voluntarily without Good Reason. “ Good Reason ” means:
(1) the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent in any respect with the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or responsibilities as contemplated by Section 3(a), or any other diminution in such position, authority, duties or responsibilities (whether or not occurring solely as a result of the Company’s ceasing to be a publicly traded entity), excluding for this purpose an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(2) any failure by the Company to comply with any of the provisions of Section 3(b), other than an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(3) the Company’s requiring the Executive (i) to be based at any office or location other than as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(B) of this Agreement, (ii) to be based at a location other than the principal executive offices of the Company if the Executive was employed at such location immediately preceding the Effective Date, or (iii) to travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than required immediately prior to the Effective Date;
(4) any purported termination by the Company of the Executive’s employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this Agreement; or
(5) any action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) of this Agreement, including any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy Section 10(c).
For purposes of this Section 4(c), any good faith determination of Good Reason made by the Executive shall be conclusive. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason pursuant to a Notice of Termination given during the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason for all purposes of this Agreement. The Executive’s mental or physical incapacity following the occurrence of an event described above in clauses (1) through (5) shall not affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment for Good Reason and the Executive’s death following delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason shall not affect the Executive’s estate’s entitlement to severance payments or benefits provided hereunder upon a termination of employment for Good Reason.
(d) Notice of Termination . Any termination of employment by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 11(b). “ Notice of Termination ” means a written notice that (1) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (2) to the extent applicable, sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated, and (3) if the Date of Termination (as defined herein) is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the Date of Termination (which Date of Termination shall be not more than 30 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance that contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive’s or the Company’s respective rights hereunder.
(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (1) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the Notice of Termination or any later date specified in the Notice of Termination, as the case may be, (2) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the date on which the Company notifies the Executive of such termination, (3) if the Executive resigns without Good Reason, the date on which the Executive notifies the Company of such termination, and (4) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the date of death of the Executive or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Date of Termination occur until the Executive experiences a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, and the date on which such separation from service takes place shall be the “Date of Termination.”
Section 5. Obligations of the Company upon Termination . (a) By the Executive for Good Reason; By the Company Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability . If, during the Employment Period, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment other than for Cause, Death or Disability or the Executive terminates employment for Good Reason:
(1) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall pay to the Executive, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days after the Date of Termination, the aggregate of the following amounts:
(A) the sum of (i) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (ii) the Executive’s business expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to Section 3(b)(5) but have not been reimbursed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) as of the Date of Termination; (iii) the Executive’s Annual Bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs, if such bonus has been determined but not paid as of the Date of Termination; (iv) any accrued vacation pay to the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described in subclauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the “ Accrued Obligations ”) and (v) an amount equal to the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and (II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or portion thereof that has been earned but deferred (and annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than 12 full months or during which the Executive was employed for less than 12 full months), for the most recently completed fiscal year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount, the “ Highest Annual Bonus ”) and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year through the Date of Termination and the denominator of which is 365 (the “ Pro Rata Bonus ”); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive has made an irrevocable election under any deferred compensation arrangement subject to Section 409A of the Code to defer any portion of the Annual Base Salary or Annual Bonus described in clause (i) or clause (iii) above, then for all purposes of this Section 5 (including, without limitation, Sections 5(b) through 5(d)), such deferral election, and the terms of the applicable arrangement shall apply to the same portion of the amount described in such clause (i) or clause (iii), and such portion shall not be considered as part of the “ Accrued Obligations ” but shall instead be an “ Other Benefit ” (as defined below);
(B) the amount equal to the product of (i) three and (ii) the sum of (x) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest Annual Bonus; and
(C) an amount equal to the sum of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) matching or other employer contributions under the Company’s or the Bank’s qualified defined contribution plans and any excess or supplemental defined contribution plans in which the Executive participates that the Company or the Bank (as applicable) would have made on behalf of the Executive during the three years after the Date of Termination if the Executive’s employment continued for three years after the Date of Termination (and without regard to any vesting requirement), assuming for this purpose that (i) the Executive’s compensation during the three year period is that required by Sections 3(b)(1) and 3(b)(2) and (ii) to the extent that the employer contributions are determined based on the contributions or deferrals of the Executive, that the Executive’s contribution or deferral elections, as appropriate, are those in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination; and
(2) for three years following the Date of Termination or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the appropriate plan, program, practice or policy (the applicable period hereinafter referred to as the “ Benefit Continuation Period ”), the Company or the Affiliated Companies shall provide health care and life insurance benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies providing health care and life insurance benefits and at the benefit level described in Section 3(b)(4) of this Agreement if the Executive’s employment had not been terminated or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families; provided , however , that, the health care benefits provided during the Benefit Continuation Period shall be provided in such a manner that such benefits (and the costs and premiums thereof) are excluded from the Executive’s income for federal income tax purposes and, if the Company reasonably determines that providing continued coverage under one or more of its health care benefit plans contemplated herein could be taxable to the Executive, the Company shall provide such benefits at the level required hereby through the purchase of individual insurance coverage; provided , further , however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another employer and is eligible to receive health care and life insurance benefits under another employer provided plan, the health care and life insurance benefits described herein shall be secondary to those provided under such other plan during such applicable period of eligibility. Following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, Executive shall be eligible for continued health coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or other applicable law (“ COBRA Coverage ”), as if the Executive’s employment with the Company had terminated as of the end of such period, and the Company shall take such actions as are necessary to cause such COBRA Coverage not to be offset by the provision of benefits under this Section 5(a)(2) and to cause the period of COBRA Coverage to commence at the end of the Benefit Continuation Period. For purposes of determining eligibility (but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive for retiree welfare benefits pursuant to the Company’s or the Bank’s retiree welfare benefit plans, if any, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Executive shall be considered to have remained employed until the end of the Benefit Continuation Period and to have retired on the last day of such period;
(3) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall, at its sole expense as incurred, provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and provider of which shall
be selected by the Executive in the Executive’s sole discretion, provided that the cost of such outplacement shall not exceed $50,000; and provided, further , that, such outplacement benefits shall end not later than the last day of the second calendar year that begins after the Date of Termination; and
(4) except as otherwise set forth in the last sentence of Section 6, to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any Other Benefits (as defined in Section 6) in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Sections 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2), in the event that the Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (as determined in accordance with the methodology established by the Company as in effect on the Date of Termination) (a “ Specified Employee ”), amounts that constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided under Section 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2) during the six-month period immediately following the Date of Termination (other than the Accrued Obligations) shall instead be paid, with interest on any delayed payment at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Code (“ Interest ”) determined as of the Date of Termination, or provided on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Date of Termination (the “ Delayed Payment Date ”).
(b) Death . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s death during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive’s estate or beneficiaries with the Accrued Obligations and the Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive’s estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(b) shall include, without limitation, and the Executive’s estate and/or beneficiaries shall be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most favorable benefits provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies under such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive’s estate and/or the Executive’s beneficiaries, as in effect on the date of the Executive’s death with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their beneficiaries.
(c) Disability . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s Disability during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations and Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within
30 days of the Date of Termination, provided , that in the event that the Executive is a Specified Employee, the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid, with Interest, to the Executive on the Delayed Payment Date. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(c) shall include, and the Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to disabled executives and/or their families in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with respect to other peer executives and their families at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families.
(d) Cause; Other Than for Good Reason . If, during the Employment Period, the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or the Executive voluntarily terminates employment (excluding a termination for Good Reason), the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations, and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. In such case, the Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
Section 6. Non-exclusivity of Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive’s continuing or future participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 11(f), shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the Executive may have under any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies. Amounts that are vested benefits or that the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination (“ Other Benefits ”) shall be payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program or contract or agreement, except as explicitly modified by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Executive’s resignation under this Agreement with or without Good Reason, shall in no way affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment by reason of the Executive’s “retirement” under, or to be eligible to receive benefits under, any compensation and benefits plans, programs or arrangements of the Company or the Affiliated Companies, including without limitation any retirement or pension plans or arrangements or substitute plans adopted by the Company, the Affiliated Companies or their respective successors, and any termination which otherwise qualifies as Good Reason shall be treated as such even if it is also a “retirement” for purposes of any such plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive receives payments and benefits pursuant to Section 5(a) of this Agreement, the Executive shall not be entitled to any severance pay or benefits under any severance plan, program or policy of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, unless otherwise specifically provided therein in a specific reference to this Agreement.
Section 7. Full Settlement; Legal Fees . The Company’s and/or the Bank’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform their obligations
hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense, or other claim, right or action that the Company or the Bank may have against the Executive or others. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and, except as specifically provided in Section 5(a)(2), such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the Executive obtains other employment. The Company or the Bank (as applicable) agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s or the Bank’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), at any time from the Effective Date through the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or, if longer, through the 20 th anniversary of the Effective Date) to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that the Executive may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or the Bank, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus, in each case, Interest determined as of the date such legal fees and expenses were incurred. In order to comply with Section 409A of the Code, in no event shall the payments by the Company or the Bank under this Section 7 be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; provided , that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.
Section 8. Certain Additional Payments by the Company . (a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be determined that any Payment would be subject to the Excise Tax, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (the “ Gross-Up Payment ”) in an amount such that, after payment by the Executive of all taxes (and any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, but excluding any income taxes and penalties imposed pursuant to Section 409A of the Code, the Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(a), if it shall be determined that the Executive is entitled to the Gross-Up Payment, but that the Parachute Value of all Payments does not exceed 110% of the Safe Harbor Amount, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and the amounts payable under this Agreement shall be reduced so that the Parachute Value of all Payments, in the aggregate, equals the Safe Harbor Amount. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (i) Section 5(a)(1)(B), (ii) Section 5(a)(1)(C), (iii) Section 5(a)(1)(A)(v) and (iv) Section 5(a)(2). For purposes of reducing the Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, only amounts payable under this Agreement (and no other Payments) shall be reduced. If the reduction of the amount payable under this Agreement would not result in a reduction of the Parachute Value of all Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, no amounts payable under the Agreement shall be reduced pursuant to this Section 8(a) and the Executive shall be entitled to the Gross-Up Payment. The Company’s obligation to make Gross-Up Payments under this Section 8 shall not be conditioned upon the Executive’s termination of employment.
(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 8(c), all determinations required to be made under this Section 8, including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required, the amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Executive and reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Accounting Firm ”). The Accounting Firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment or such earlier time as is requested by the Company. In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, the Executive may appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up Payments that will not have been made by the Company should have been made (the “ Underpayment ”), consistent with the calculations required to be made hereunder. In the event the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section 8(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive.
(c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable, but no later than 10 business days after the Executive is informed in writing of such claim. The Executive shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the date on which the Executive gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that the Company desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall:
(1) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim,
(2) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney reasonably selected by the Company,
(3) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order effectively to contest such claim, and
(4) permit the Company to participate in any proceedings relating to such claim;
provided , however , that the Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest, and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and penalties) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(c), the Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest, and, at its sole discretion, may pursue or forgo any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the applicable taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole discretion, either pay the tax claimed to the appropriate taxing authority on behalf of the Executive and direct the Executive to sue for a refund or to contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided , however , that, if the Company pays such claim and directs the Executive to sue for a refund, the Company shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties) imposed with respect to such payment or with respect to any imputed income in connection with such payment; and provided , further , that any extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such contested amount. Furthermore, the Company’s control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which the Gross-Up Payment would be payable hereunder, and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority.
(d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of a Gross-Up Payment or payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), the Executive becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to the Excise Tax to which such Gross-Up Payment relates or with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject to the Company’s complying with the requirements of Section 8(c), if applicable) promptly pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), a determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then the amount of such payment shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
(e) Any Gross-Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 8, shall be paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting Firm’s determination; provided that, the Gross-Up Payment shall in all events be paid no later than the end of the Executive’s taxable year next following the Executive’s taxable year in which the Excise Tax (and any income or other related taxes or interest or penalties thereon) on a Payment are remitted to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority or, in the case of amounts relating to a claim described in Section 8(c) that does not result in the remittance
of any federal, state, local and foreign income, excise, social security and other taxes, the calendar year in which the claim is finally settled or otherwise resolved. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8, the Company may, in its sole discretion, withhold and pay over to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority, for the benefit of the Executive, all or any portion of any Gross-Up Payment, and the Executive hereby consents to such withholding.
(f) Definitions . The following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of this Section 8.
(i) “ Excise Tax ” shall mean the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, together with any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such excise tax.
(ii) “ Parachute Value ” of a Payment shall mean the present value as of the date of the change of control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code of the portion of such Payment that constitutes a “parachute payment” under Section 280G(b)(2), as determined by the Accounting Firm for purposes of determining whether and to what extent the Excise Tax will apply to such Payment.
(iii) A “ Payment ” shall mean any payment or distribution in the nature of compensation (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code) to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise.
(iv) The “ Safe Harbor Amount ” means 2.99 times the Executive’s “base amount,” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code.
Section 9. Confidential Information . The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and the Bank all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or the Affiliated Companies, and their respective businesses, which information, knowledge or data shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and which information, knowledge or data shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). After termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company and/or the Bank, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company or the Bank or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company or the Bank and those persons designated by the Company or the Bank. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 9 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.
Section 10. Successors . (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive, and, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Bank, shall not be assignable by the Executive other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive’s legal representatives.
(b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Bank and their respective successors and assigns. Except as provided in Section 10(c), without the prior written consent of the Executive this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company or the Bank.
(c) The Company and the Bank will require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or the Bank to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company and the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. “Company” and “Bank” mean the Company and the Bank as hereinbefore defined and any successor to their business and/or assets as aforesaid that assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 11. Miscellaneous . (a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. Subject to the last sentence of Section 11(g), this Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives.
(b) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
if to the Executive:
At the most recent address on file at the Company.
if to the Company or the Bank:
777 N. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Attention: Chief Operating Officer
or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notice and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee.
(c) The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement.
(d) The Company or the Bank (as applicable) may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.
(e) The Executive’s, the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) failure to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the failure to assert any right the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) may have hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to Sections 4(c)(1) through 4(c)(5), shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement.
(f) The Executive, the Company and the Bank acknowledge that, except as may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement between the Executive, the Company and/or the Bank, the employment of the Executive by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) is “at will” and, subject to Section 1(a), the Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement. From and after the Effective Date, except as specifically provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede any other agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(g) The Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption or exclusion therefrom and, with respect to amounts that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, shall in all respects be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. In no event may the Executive, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment to be made under this Agreement. If the Executive dies following the Date of Termination and prior to the payment of the any amounts delayed on account of Section 409A of the Code, such amounts shall be paid to the personal representative of the Executive’s estate within 30 days after the date of the Executive’s death. All reimbursements and in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement that constitute deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, without limitation, that (i) in no event shall reimbursements by the Company or the Bank under this Agreement be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which the applicable fees and expenses were incurred, provided, that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; (ii) the amount of in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any given calendar year shall not affect the in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any other calendar year; (iii) the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay or provide such reimbursements and in-kind benefits may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit; and (iv) in no event shall the Company’s or the Bank’s obligations to make such reimbursements or to provide such in-kind benefits apply later than the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or if longer, through the 20th anniversary of the Effective Date). Prior to the Effective Date but within the time period permitted by the applicable Treasury Regulations, the Company may, in consultation with the Executive, modify the Agreement, in the least restrictive manner necessary and without any diminution in the value of the payments to the Executive, in order to cause the provisions of the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, so as to avoid the imposition of taxes and penalties on the Executive pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
Section 12. Survivorship . Upon the expiration or other termination of this Agreement or the Executive’s employment, the respective rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall survive to the extent necessary to carry out the intentions of the parties under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the Executive’s hand and, pursuant to the authorizations from the Board and the Bank Board, the Company and the Bank have each caused these presents to be executed in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written.
/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Dunson K. Cheng |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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/s/ Peter Wu |
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Name: |
Peter Wu |
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Title: |
Executive Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer |
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CATHAY BANK |
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/s/ Peter Wu |
||
Name: |
Peter Wu |
|
Title: |
Executive Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer |
-18-
EXHIBIT 10.10.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE OF CONTROL
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Change of Control Employment Agreement is made as of the 18th day of December, 2008 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Cathay Bank, a California state chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Bank ”), and Peter Wu (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) and the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “ Bank Board ”), have determined that it is in the best interests of the Bank and the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) will have the continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). The Board believes it is imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to encourage the Executive’s full attention and dedication to the Company in the event of any threatened or pending Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control that ensure that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive will be satisfied and that provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements that are competitive with those of other corporations. Therefore, in order to accomplish these objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . (a) “ Effective Date ” means the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined herein) on which a Change of Control occurs. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company, (ii) the Date of Termination is prior to the date on which a Change of Control occurs, and (iii) it is reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of employment (A) was at the request of a third party that has taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (B) otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the “ Effective Date ” means the date immediately prior to such Date of Termination.
(b) “ Change of Control Period ” means the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the date hereof; provided , however , that, commencing on the date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, the “ Renewal Date ”), unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from such Renewal Date, unless, at least 60 days prior to the Renewal Date, the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.
(c) “ Affiliated Company ” means any company controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
(d) “ Change of Control ” means:
(1) Any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)) (a “ Person ”) becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (A) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Outstanding Company Common Stock ”) or (B) the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Outstanding Company Voting Securities ”); provided, however, that, for purposes of this Section 1(d), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company or (iv) any acquisition pursuant to a transaction that complies with Sections 1(d)(3)(A), 1(d)(3)(B) and 1(d)(3)(C);
(2) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “ Incumbent Board ”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board;
(3) Consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Business Combination ”), in each case unless, following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the case may be, (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or
more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such corporation, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
(4) Approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Section 2. Employment Period . The Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) hereby agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Employment Period ”). The Employment Period shall terminate upon the Executive’s termination of employment for any reason.
Section 3. Terms of Employment . (a) Position and Duties . (1) During the Employment Period, (A) the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all respects with the most significant of those held, exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive’s services shall be performed at the office where the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or at any other location less than 35 miles from such office.
(2) During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive’s reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently such responsibilities. During the Employment Period, it shall not be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B) deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities as an employee of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that, to the extent that any such activities have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date, the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities to the Company.
(b) Compensation . (1) Base Salary . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary (the “ Annual Base Salary ”) at an annual rate at least equal to 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid or payable, including any base salary that has been earned but deferred, to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies in respect of the 12-month period immediately preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs. The Annual Base Salary shall be paid at such intervals as the Company or the Bank (as applicable)
pays executive salaries generally. During the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed at least annually, beginning no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date. Any increase in the Annual Base Salary shall not serve to limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this Agreement. The Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any such increase and the term “Annual Base Salary” shall refer to the Annual Base Salary as so increased.
(2) Annual Bonus . In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the “ Annual Bonus ”) in cash at least equal to the Executive’s highest bonus earned under the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) annual incentive plan or program, or any comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date (or for such lesser number of full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date for which the Executive was eligible to earn such a bonus, and annualized in the case of any pro rata bonus earned for a partial fiscal year) (the “ Recent Annual Bonus ”). (If the Executive has not been eligible to earn such a bonus for any period prior to the Effective Date, the “ Recent Annual Bonus ” shall mean the Executive’s target annual bonus for the year in which the Effective Date occurs.) Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later than two and a half months after the end of the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus pursuant to an arrangement that meets the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).
(3) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all cash incentive, equity incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices, policies, and programs applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case, less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of those provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies for the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(4) Welfare Benefit Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as the case may be, shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and programs provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies (including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental, disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with benefits that are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(5) Expenses . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(6) Fringe Benefits . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including, without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(7) Office and Support Staff . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(8) Vacation . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company and the Affiliated Companies as in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
Section 4. Termination of Employment . (a) Death or Disability. The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically if the Executive dies during the Employment Period. If the Company determines in good faith that the Disability (as defined herein) of the Executive has occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition of “ Disability ”), it may give to the Executive written notice in accordance with Section 11(b) of its intention to terminate the Executive’s employment. In such event, the Executive’s employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice by the Executive (the “ Disability Effective Date ”), provided that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive’s duties. “ Disability ” means the absence of the Executive from the Executive’s duties with the Company or the Bank (as applicable) on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as a result of incapacity due to mental or physical illness that is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or the Executive’s legal representative.
(b) Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment during the Employment Period with or without Cause. “ Cause ” means:
(1) the willful and continued failure of the Executive to perform substantially the Executive’s duties (as contemplated by Section 3(a)(1)(A)) with the Company or any Affiliated Company (other than any such failure resulting from incapacity due to physical or mental illness or following the Executive’s delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company believes that the Executive has not substantially performed the Executive’s duties, or
(2) the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or gross misconduct that is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company.
For purposes of this Section 4(b), no act, or failure to act, on the part of the Executive shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company. Any act, or failure to act (A) based upon authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by the Board, or if the Company is not the ultimate parent corporation of the Affiliated Companies and is not publicly-traded, the board of directors of the ultimate parent of the Company (the “ Applicable Board ”), (B) based upon authority given by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or (C) based upon the advice of counsel for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests of the Company. The cessation of employment of the Executive shall not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire membership of the Applicable Board (excluding the Executive, if the Executive is a member of the Applicable Board) at a meeting of the Applicable Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel for the Executive, to be heard before the Applicable Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion of the Applicable Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in Section 4(b)(1) or 4(b)(2), and specifying the particulars thereof in detail.
(c) Good Reason . The Executive’s employment may be terminated during the Employment Period by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Executive voluntarily without Good Reason. “ Good Reason ” means:
(1) the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent in any respect with the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or responsibilities as contemplated by Section 3(a), or any other diminution in such position, authority, duties or responsibilities (whether or not occurring solely as a result of the Company’s ceasing to be a publicly traded entity), excluding for this purpose an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(2) any failure by the Company to comply with any of the provisions of Section 3(b), other than an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(3) the Company’s requiring the Executive (i) to be based at any office or location other than as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(B) of this Agreement, (ii) to be based at a location other than the principal executive offices of the Company if the Executive was employed at such location immediately preceding the Effective Date, or (iii) to travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than required immediately prior to the Effective Date;
(4) any purported termination by the Company of the Executive’s employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this Agreement; or
(5) any action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) of this Agreement, including any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy Section 10(c).
For purposes of this Section 4(c), any good faith determination of Good Reason made by the Executive shall be conclusive. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason pursuant to a Notice of Termination given during the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason for all purposes of this Agreement. The Executive’s mental or physical incapacity following the occurrence of an event described above in clauses (1) through (5) shall not affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment for Good Reason and the Executive’s death following delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason shall not affect the Executive’s estate’s entitlement to severance payments or benefits provided hereunder upon a termination of employment for Good Reason.
(d) Notice of Termination . Any termination of employment by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 11(b). “ Notice of Termination ” means a written notice that (1) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (2) to the extent applicable, sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated, and (3) if the Date of Termination (as defined herein) is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the Date of Termination (which Date of Termination shall be not more than 30 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance that contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive’s or the Company’s respective rights hereunder.
(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (1) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the Notice of Termination or any later date specified in the Notice of
Termination, as the case may be, (2) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the date on which the Company notifies the Executive of such termination, (3) if the Executive resigns without Good Reason, the date on which the Executive notifies the Company of such termination, and (4) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the date of death of the Executive or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Date of Termination occur until the Executive experiences a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, and the date on which such separation from service takes place shall be the “Date of Termination.”
Section 5. Obligations of the Company upon Termination . (a) By the Executive for Good Reason; By the Company Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability . If, during the Employment Period, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment other than for Cause, Death or Disability or the Executive terminates employment for Good Reason:
(1) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall pay to the Executive, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days after the Date of Termination, the aggregate of the following amounts:
(A) the sum of (i) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (ii) the Executive’s business expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to Section 3(b)(5) but have not been reimbursed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) as of the Date of Termination; (iii) the Executive’s Annual Bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs, if such bonus has been determined but not paid as of the Date of Termination; (iv) any accrued vacation pay to the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described in subclauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the “ Accrued Obligations ”) and (v) an amount equal to the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and (II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or portion thereof that has been earned but deferred (and annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than 12 full months or during which the Executive was employed for less than 12 full months), for the most recently completed fiscal year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount, the “ Highest Annual Bonus ”) and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year through the Date of Termination and the denominator of which is 365 (the “ Pro Rata Bonus ”); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive has made an irrevocable election under any deferred compensation arrangement subject to Section 409A of the Code to defer any portion of the Annual Base Salary or Annual Bonus described in clause (i) or clause (iii) above, then for all purposes of this Section 5 (including, without limitation, Sections 5(b) through 5(d)), such deferral election, and the terms of the applicable arrangement shall apply to the same portion of the amount described in such clause (i) or clause (iii), and such portion shall not be considered as part of the “ Accrued Obligations ” but shall instead be an “ Other Benefit ” (as defined below);
(B) the amount equal to the product of (i) two and one-half and (ii) the sum of (x) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest Annual Bonus; and
(C) an amount equal to the sum of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) matching or other employer contributions under the Company’s or the Bank’s
qualified defined contribution plans and any excess or supplemental defined contribution plans in which the Executive participates that the Company or the Bank (as applicable) would have made on behalf of the Executive during the two and one-half years after the Date of Termination if the Executive’s employment continued for two and one-half years after the Date of Termination (and without regard to any vesting requirement), assuming for this purpose that (i) the Executive’s compensation during the two and one-half year period is that required by Sections 3(b)(1) and 3(b)(2) and (ii) to the extent that the employer contributions are determined based on the contributions or deferrals of the Executive, that the Executive’s contribution or deferral elections, as appropriate, are those in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination; and
(2) for two and one-half years following the Date of Termination or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the appropriate plan, program, practice or policy (the applicable period hereinafter referred to as the “ Benefit Continuation Period ”), the Company or the Affiliated Companies shall provide health care and life insurance benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies providing health care and life insurance benefits and at the benefit level described in Section 3(b)(4) of this Agreement if the Executive’s employment had not been terminated or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families; provided , however , that, the health care benefits provided during the Benefit Continuation Period shall be provided in such a manner that such benefits (and the costs and premiums thereof) are excluded from the Executive’s income for federal income tax purposes and, if the Company reasonably determines that providing continued coverage under one or more of its health care benefit plans contemplated herein could be taxable to the Executive, the Company shall provide such benefits at the level required hereby through the purchase of individual insurance coverage; provided , further , however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another employer and is eligible to receive health care and life insurance benefits under another employer provided plan, the health care and life insurance benefits described herein shall be secondary to those provided under such other plan during such applicable period of eligibility. Following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, Executive shall be eligible for continued health coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or other applicable law (“ COBRA Coverage ”), as if the Executive’s employment with the Company had terminated as of the end of such period, and the Company shall take such actions as are necessary to cause such COBRA Coverage not to be offset by the provision of benefits under this Section 5(a)(2) and to cause the period of COBRA Coverage to commence at the end of the Benefit Continuation Period. For purposes of determining eligibility (but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive for retiree welfare benefits pursuant to the Company’s or the Bank’s retiree welfare benefit plans, if any, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Executive shall be considered to have remained employed until the end of the Benefit Continuation Period and to have retired on the last day of such period;
(3) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall, at its sole expense as incurred, provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and provider of which shall be selected by the Executive in the Executive’s sole discretion, provided that the cost of such outplacement shall not exceed $50,000; and provided, further , that, such outplacement benefits shall end not later than the last day of the second calendar year that begins after the Date of Termination; and
(4) except as otherwise set forth in the last sentence of Section 6, to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any Other Benefits (as defined in Section 6) in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Sections 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2), in the event that the Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (as determined in accordance with the methodology established by the Company as in effect on the Date of Termination) (a “ Specified Employee ”), amounts that constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided under Section 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2) during the six-month period immediately following the Date of Termination (other than the Accrued Obligations) shall instead be paid, with interest on any delayed payment at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Code (“ Interest ”) determined as of the Date of Termination, or provided on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Date of Termination (the “ Delayed Payment Date ”).
(b) Death . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s death during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive’s estate or beneficiaries with the Accrued Obligations and the Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive’s estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(b) shall include, without limitation, and the Executive’s estate and/or beneficiaries shall be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most favorable benefits provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies under such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive’s estate and/or the Executive’s beneficiaries, as in effect on the date of the Executive’s death with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their beneficiaries.
(c) Disability . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s Disability during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations and Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination, provided , that in the event that the Executive is a Specified Employee, the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid, with Interest, to the Executive on the Delayed
Payment Date. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(c) shall include, and the Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to disabled executives and/or their families in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with respect to other peer executives and their families at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families.
(d) Cause; Other Than for Good Reason . If, during the Employment Period, the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or the Executive voluntarily terminates employment (excluding a termination for Good Reason), the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations, and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. In such case, the Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
Section 6. Non-exclusivity of Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive’s continuing or future participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 11(f), shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the Executive may have under any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies. Amounts that are vested benefits or that the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination (“Other Benefits”) shall be payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program or contract or agreement, except as explicitly modified by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Executive’s resignation under this Agreement with or without Good Reason, shall in no way affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment by reason of the Executive’s “retirement” under, or to be eligible to receive benefits under, any compensation and benefits plans, programs or arrangements of the Company or the Affiliated Companies, including without limitation any retirement or pension plans or arrangements or substitute plans adopted by the Company, the Affiliated Companies or their respective successors, and any termination which otherwise qualifies as Good Reason shall be treated as such even if it is also a “retirement” for purposes of any such plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive receives payments and benefits pursuant to Section 5(a) of this Agreement, the Executive shall not be entitled to any severance pay or benefits under any severance plan, program or policy of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, unless otherwise specifically provided therein in a specific reference to this Agreement.
Section 7. Full Settlement; Legal Fees . The Company’s and/or the Bank’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform their obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense, or other claim, right or action that the Company or the Bank may have against the Executive or others. In no
event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and, except as specifically provided in Section 5(a)(2), such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the Executive obtains other employment. The Company or the Bank (as applicable) agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s or the Bank’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), at any time from the Effective Date through the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or, if longer, through the 20 th anniversary of the Effective Date) to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that the Executive may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or the Bank, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus, in each case, Interest determined as of the date such legal fees and expenses were incurred. In order to comply with Section 409A of the Code, in no event shall the payments by the Company or the Bank under this Section 7 be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; provided , that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.
Section 8. Certain Additional Payments by the Company . (a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be determined that any Payment would be subject to the Excise Tax, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (the “ Gross-Up Payment ”) in an amount such that, after payment by the Executive of all taxes (and any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, but excluding any income taxes and penalties imposed pursuant to Section 409A of the Code, the Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(a), if it shall be determined that the Executive is entitled to the Gross-Up Payment, but that the Parachute Value of all Payments does not exceed 110% of the Safe Harbor Amount, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and the amounts payable under this Agreement shall be reduced so that the Parachute Value of all Payments, in the aggregate, equals the Safe Harbor Amount. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (i) Section 5(a)(1)(B), (ii) Section 5(a)(1)(C), (iii) Section 5(a)(1)(A)(v) and (iv) Section 5(a)(2). For purposes of reducing the Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, only amounts payable under this Agreement (and no other Payments) shall be reduced. If the reduction of the amount payable under this Agreement would not result in a reduction of the Parachute Value of all Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, no amounts payable under the Agreement shall be reduced pursuant to this Section 8(a) and the Executive shall be entitled to the Gross-Up Payment. The Company’s obligation to make Gross-Up Payments under this Section 8 shall not be conditioned upon the Executive’s termination of employment.
(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 8(c), all determinations required to be made under this Section 8, including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required, the amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Executive and reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Accounting Firm ”). The Accounting Firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment or such earlier time as is requested by the Company. In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, the Executive may appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up Payments that will not have been made by the Company should have been made (the “ Underpayment ”), consistent with the calculations required to be made hereunder. In the event the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section 8(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive.
(c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable, but no later than 10 business days after the Executive is informed in writing of such claim. The Executive shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the date on which the Executive gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that the Company desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall:
(1) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim,
(2) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney reasonably selected by the Company,
(3) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order effectively to contest such claim, and
(4) permit the Company to participate in any proceedings relating to such claim;
provided , however , that the Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest, and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and penalties) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(c), the Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest, and, at its sole discretion, may pursue or forgo any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the applicable taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole discretion, either pay the tax claimed to the appropriate taxing authority on behalf of the Executive and direct the Executive to sue for a refund or to contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided , however , that, if the Company pays such claim and directs the Executive to sue for a refund, the Company shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties) imposed with respect to such payment or with respect to any imputed income in connection with such payment; and provided , further , that any extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such contested amount. Furthermore, the Company’s control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which the Gross-Up Payment would be payable hereunder, and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority.
(d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of a Gross-Up Payment or payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), the Executive becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to the Excise Tax to which such Gross-Up Payment relates or with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject to the Company’s complying with the requirements of Section 8(c), if applicable) promptly pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), a determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then the amount of such payment shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
(e) Any Gross-Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 8, shall be paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting Firm’s determination; provided that, the Gross-Up Payment shall in all events be paid no later than the end of the Executive’s taxable year next following the Executive’s taxable year in which the Excise Tax (and any income or other related taxes or interest or penalties thereon) on a Payment are remitted to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority or, in the case of amounts relating to a claim described in Section 8(c) that does not result in the remittance of any federal, state, local and foreign income, excise, social security and other taxes, the calendar year in which the claim is finally settled or otherwise resolved. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8, the Company may, in its sole discretion, withhold and pay over
to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority, for the benefit of the Executive, all or any portion of any Gross-Up Payment, and the Executive hereby consents to such withholding.
(f) Definitions . The following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of this Section 8.
(i) “ Excise Tax ” shall mean the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, together with any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such excise tax.
(ii) “ Parachute Value ” of a Payment shall mean the present value as of the date of the change of control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code of the portion of such Payment that constitutes a “parachute payment” under Section 280G(b)(2), as determined by the Accounting Firm for purposes of determining whether and to what extent the Excise Tax will apply to such Payment.
(iii) A “ Payment ” shall mean any payment or distribution in the nature of compensation (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code) to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise.
(iv) The “ Safe Harbor Amount ” means 2.99 times the Executive’s “base amount,” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code.
Section 9. Confidential Information . The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and the Bank all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or the Affiliated Companies, and their respective businesses, which information, knowledge or data shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and which information, knowledge or data shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). After termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company and/or the Bank, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company or the Bank or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company or the Bank and those persons designated by the Company or the Bank. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 9 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.
Section 10. Successors . (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive, and, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Bank, shall not be assignable by the Executive other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive’s legal representatives.
(b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Bank and their respective successors and assigns. Except as provided in Section 10(c), without the prior written consent of the Executive this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company or the Bank.
(c) The Company and the Bank will require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or the Bank to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company and the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. “Company” and “Bank” mean the Company and the Bank as hereinbefore defined and any successor to their business and/or assets as aforesaid that assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 11. Miscellaneous . (a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. Subject to the last sentence of Section 11(g), this Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives.
(b) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
if to the Executive:
At the most recent address on file at the Company.
if to the Company or the Bank:
777 N. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notice and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee.
(c) The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement.
(d) The Company or the Bank (as applicable) may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.
(e) The Executive’s, the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) failure to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the failure to assert any right the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) may have hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to Sections 4(c)(1) through 4(c)(5), shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement.
(f) The Executive, the Company and the Bank acknowledge that, except as may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement between the Executive, the Company and/or the Bank, the employment of the Executive by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) is “at will” and, subject to Section 1(a), the Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement. From and after the Effective Date, except as specifically provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede any other agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(g) The Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption or exclusion therefrom and, with respect to amounts that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, shall in all respects be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. In no event may the Executive, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment to be made under this Agreement. If the Executive dies following the Date of Termination and prior to the payment of the any amounts delayed on account of Section 409A of the Code, such amounts shall be paid to the personal representative of the Executive’s estate within 30 days after the date of the Executive’s death. All reimbursements and in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement that constitute deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, without limitation, that (i) in no event shall reimbursements by the Company or the Bank under this Agreement be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which the applicable fees and expenses were incurred, provided, that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; (ii) the amount of in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any given calendar year shall not affect the in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any other calendar year; (iii) the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay or provide such reimbursements and in-kind benefits may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit; and (iv) in no event shall the Company’s or the Bank’s obligations to make such reimbursements or to provide such in-kind benefits apply later than the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or if longer, through the 20th anniversary of the Effective Date). Prior to the Effective Date but within the time period permitted by the applicable Treasury Regulations, the Company may, in consultation with the Executive, modify the Agreement, in the least restrictive manner necessary and without any diminution in the value of the payments to the Executive, in order to cause the provisions of the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, so as to avoid the imposition of taxes and penalties on the Executive pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
Section 12. Survivorship . Upon the expiration or other termination of this Agreement or the Executive’s employment, the respective rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall survive to the extent necessary to carry out the intentions of the parties under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the Executive’s hand and, pursuant to the authorizations from the Board and the Bank Board, the Company and the Bank have each caused these presents to be executed in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written.
/s/ Peter Wu |
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Peter Wu |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
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CATHAY BANK |
||
/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
||
Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
-18-
EXHIBIT 10.10.2
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE OF CONTROL
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Change of Control Employment Agreement is made as of the 18th day of December, 2008 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Cathay Bank, a California state chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Bank ”), and Anthony M. Tang (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) and the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “ Bank Board ”), have determined that it is in the best interests of the Bank and the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) will have the continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). The Board believes it is imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to encourage the Executive’s full attention and dedication to the Company in the event of any threatened or pending Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control that ensure that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive will be satisfied and that provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements that are competitive with those of other corporations. Therefore, in order to accomplish these objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . (a) “ Effective Date ” means the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined herein) on which a Change of Control occurs. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company, (ii) the Date of Termination is prior to the date on which a Change of Control occurs, and (iii) it is reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of employment (A) was at the request of a third party that has taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (B) otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the “ Effective Date ” means the date immediately prior to such Date of Termination.
(b) “ Change of Control Period ” means the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the date hereof; provided , however , that, commencing on the date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, the “ Renewal Date ”), unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from such Renewal Date, unless, at least 60 days prior to the Renewal Date, the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.
(c) “ Affiliated Company ” means any company controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
(d) “ Change of Control ” means:
(1) Any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)) (a “ Person ”) becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (A) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Outstanding Company Common Stock ”) or (B) the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Outstanding Company Voting Securities ”); provided, however, that, for purposes of this Section 1(d), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company or (iv) any acquisition pursuant to a transaction that complies with Sections 1(d)(3)(A), 1(d)(3)(B) and 1(d)(3)(C);
(2) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “ Incumbent Board ”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board;
(3) Consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Business Combination ”), in each case unless, following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the
case may be, (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such corporation, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
(4) Approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Section 2. Employment Period . The Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) hereby agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Employment Period ”). The Employment Period shall terminate upon the Executive’s termination of employment for any reason.
Section 3. Terms of Employment . (a) Position and Duties . (1) During the Employment Period, (A) the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all respects with the most significant of those held, exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive’s services shall be performed at the office where the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or at any other location less than 35 miles from such office.
(2) During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive’s reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently such responsibilities. During the Employment Period, it shall not be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B) deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities as an employee of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that, to the extent that any such activities have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date, the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities to the Company.
(b) Compensation . (1) Base Salary . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary (the “ Annual Base Salary ”) at an annual rate at least equal to 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid or payable, including any base salary that has been
earned but deferred, to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies in respect of the 12-month period immediately preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs. The Annual Base Salary shall be paid at such intervals as the Company or the Bank (as applicable) pays executive salaries generally. During the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed at least annually, beginning no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date. Any increase in the Annual Base Salary shall not serve to limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this Agreement. The Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any such increase and the term “Annual Base Salary” shall refer to the Annual Base Salary as so increased.
(2) Annual Bonus . In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the “ Annual Bonus ”) in cash at least equal to the Executive’s highest bonus earned under the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) annual incentive plan or program, or any comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date (or for such lesser number of full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date for which the Executive was eligible to earn such a bonus, and annualized in the case of any pro rata bonus earned for a partial fiscal year) (the “ Recent Annual Bonus ”). (If the Executive has not been eligible to earn such a bonus for any period prior to the Effective Date, the “ Recent Annual Bonus ” shall mean the Executive’s target annual bonus for the year in which the Effective Date occurs.) Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later than two and a half months after the end of the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus pursuant to an arrangement that meets the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).
(3) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all cash incentive, equity incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices, policies, and programs applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case, less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of those provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies for the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(4) Welfare Benefit Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as the case may be, shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and programs provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies (including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental, disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with benefits that are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in effect for the Executive at any time during the
120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(5) Expenses . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(6) Fringe Benefits . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including, without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(7) Office and Support Staff . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(8) Vacation . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company and the Affiliated Companies as in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
Section 4. Termination of Employment . (a) Death or Disability. The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically if the Executive dies during the Employment Period. If the Company determines in good faith that the Disability (as defined herein) of the Executive has occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition of “ Disability ”), it may give to the Executive written notice in accordance with Section 11(b) of its intention to terminate the Executive’s employment. In such event, the Executive’s employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice by the Executive (the “ Disability Effective Date ”), provided that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive’s duties. “ Disability ” means the absence of the Executive from the Executive’s duties with the Company or the Bank (as applicable) on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as a result of incapacity due to
mental or physical illness that is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or the Executive’s legal representative.
(b) Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment during the Employment Period with or without Cause. “ Cause ” means:
(1) the willful and continued failure of the Executive to perform substantially the Executive’s duties (as contemplated by Section 3(a)(1)(A)) with the Company or any Affiliated Company (other than any such failure resulting from incapacity due to physical or mental illness or following the Executive’s delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company believes that the Executive has not substantially performed the Executive’s duties, or
(2) the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or gross misconduct that is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company.
For purposes of this Section 4(b), no act, or failure to act, on the part of the Executive shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company. Any act, or failure to act (A) based upon authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by the Board, or if the Company is not the ultimate parent corporation of the Affiliated Companies and is not publicly-traded, the board of directors of the ultimate parent of the Company (the “ Applicable Board ”), (B) based upon authority given by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or an executive officer of the Company that is senior to Executive or (C) based upon the advice of counsel for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests of the Company. The cessation of employment of the Executive shall not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire membership of the Applicable Board (excluding the Executive, if the Executive is a member of the Applicable Board) at a meeting of the Applicable Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel for the Executive, to be heard before the Applicable Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion of the Applicable Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in Section 4(b)(1) or 4(b)(2), and specifying the particulars thereof in detail.
(c) Good Reason . The Executive’s employment may be terminated during the Employment Period by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Executive voluntarily without Good Reason. “ Good Reason ” means:
(1) the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent in any respect with the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or responsibilities as contemplated by Section 3(a), or any other diminution in such position, authority, duties or responsibilities (whether or not occurring solely as a result of
the Company’s ceasing to be a publicly traded entity), excluding for this purpose an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(2) any failure by the Company to comply with any of the provisions of Section 3(b), other than an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(3) the Company’s requiring the Executive (i) to be based at any office or location other than as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(B) of this Agreement, (ii) to be based at a location other than the principal executive offices of the Company if the Executive was employed at such location immediately preceding the Effective Date, or (iii) to travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than required immediately prior to the Effective Date;
(4) any purported termination by the Company of the Executive’s employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this Agreement; or
(5) any action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) of this Agreement, including any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy Section 10(c).
For purposes of this Section 4(c), any good faith determination of Good Reason made by the Executive shall be conclusive. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason pursuant to a Notice of Termination given during the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason for all purposes of this Agreement. The Executive’s mental or physical incapacity following the occurrence of an event described above in clauses (1) through (5) shall not affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment for Good Reason and the Executive’s death following delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason shall not affect the Executive’s estate’s entitlement to severance payments or benefits provided hereunder upon a termination of employment for Good Reason.
(d) Notice of Termination . Any termination of employment by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 11(b). “ Notice of Termination ” means a written notice that (1) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (2) to the extent applicable, sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated, and (3) if the Date of Termination (as defined herein) is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the Date of Termination (which Date of Termination shall be not more than 30 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance that contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive’s or the Company’s respective rights hereunder.
(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (1) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the Notice of Termination or any later date specified in the Notice of Termination, as the case may be, (2) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the date on which the Company notifies the Executive of such termination, (3) if the Executive resigns without Good Reason, the date on which the Executive notifies the Company of such termination, and (4) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the date of death of the Executive or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Date of Termination occur until the Executive experiences a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, and the date on which such separation from service takes place shall be the “Date of Termination.”
Section 5. Obligations of the Company upon Termination . (a) By the Executive for Good Reason; By the Company Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability . If, during the Employment Period, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment other than for Cause, Death or Disability or the Executive terminates employment for Good Reason:
(1) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall pay to the Executive, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days after the Date of Termination, the aggregate of the following amounts:
(A) the sum of (i) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (ii) the Executive’s business expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to Section 3(b)(5) but have not been reimbursed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) as of the Date of Termination; (iii) the Executive’s Annual Bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs, if such bonus has been determined but not paid as of the Date of Termination; (iv) any accrued vacation pay to the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described in subclauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the “ Accrued Obligations ”) and (v) an amount equal to the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and (II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or portion thereof that has been earned but deferred (and annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than 12 full months or during which the Executive was employed for less than 12 full months), for the most recently completed fiscal year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount, the “ Highest Annual Bonus ”) and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year through the Date of Termination and the denominator of which is 365 (the “ Pro Rata Bonus ”); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive has made an irrevocable election under any deferred compensation arrangement subject to Section 409A of the Code to defer any portion of the Annual Base Salary or Annual Bonus described in clause (i) or clause (iii) above, then for all purposes of this Section 5 (including, without limitation, Sections 5(b) through 5(d)), such deferral election, and the terms of the applicable arrangement shall apply to the same portion of the amount described in such clause (i) or clause (iii), and such portion shall not be considered as part of the “ Accrued Obligations ” but shall instead be an “ Other Benefit ” (as defined below);
(B) the amount equal to the product of (i) two and one-half and (ii) the sum of (x) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest Annual Bonus; and
(C) an amount equal to the sum of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) matching or other employer contributions under the Company’s or the Bank’s qualified defined contribution plans and any excess or supplemental defined contribution plans in which the Executive participates that the Company or the Bank (as applicable) would have made on behalf of the Executive during the two and one-half years after the Date of Termination if the Executive’s employment continued for two and one-half years after the Date of Termination (and without regard to any vesting requirement), assuming for this purpose that (i) the Executive’s compensation during the two and one-half year period is that required by Sections 3(b)(1) and 3(b)(2) and (ii) to the extent that the employer contributions are determined based on the contributions or deferrals of the Executive, that the Executive’s contribution or deferral elections, as appropriate, are those in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination; and
(2) for two and one-half years following the Date of Termination or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the appropriate plan, program, practice or policy (the applicable period hereinafter referred to as the “ Benefit Continuation Period ”), the Company or the Affiliated Companies shall provide health care and life insurance benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies providing health care and life insurance benefits and at the benefit level described in Section 3(b)(4) of this Agreement if the Executive’s employment had not been terminated or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families; provided , however , that, the health care benefits provided during the Benefit Continuation Period shall be provided in such a manner that such benefits (and the costs and premiums thereof) are excluded from the Executive’s income for federal income tax purposes and, if the Company reasonably determines that providing continued coverage under one or more of its health care benefit plans contemplated herein could be taxable to the Executive, the Company shall provide such benefits at the level required hereby through the purchase of individual insurance coverage; provided , further , however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another employer and is eligible to receive health care and life insurance benefits under another employer provided plan, the health care and life insurance benefits described herein shall be secondary to those provided under such other plan during such applicable period of eligibility. Following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, Executive shall be eligible for continued health coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or other applicable law (“ COBRA Coverage ”), as if the Executive’s employment with the Company had terminated as of the end of such period, and the Company shall take such actions as are necessary to cause such COBRA Coverage not to be offset by the provision of benefits under this Section 5(a)(2) and to cause the period of COBRA Coverage to commence at the end of the Benefit Continuation Period. For purposes of determining eligibility (but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive for retiree welfare benefits pursuant to the Company’s or the Bank’s retiree welfare benefit plans, if any, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Executive shall be considered to have remained employed until the end of the Benefit Continuation Period and to have retired on the last day of such period;
(3) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall, at its sole expense as incurred, provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and provider of which shall
be selected by the Executive in the Executive’s sole discretion, provided that the cost of such outplacement shall not exceed $50,000; and provided , further , that, such outplacement benefits shall end not later than the last day of the second calendar year that begins after the Date of Termination; and
(4) except as otherwise set forth in the last sentence of Section 6, to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any Other Benefits (as defined in Section 6) in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Sections 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2), in the event that the Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (as determined in accordance with the methodology established by the Company as in effect on the Date of Termination) (a “ Specified Employee ”), amounts that constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided under Section 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2) during the six-month period immediately following the Date of Termination (other than the Accrued Obligations) shall instead be paid, with interest on any delayed payment at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Code (“ Interest ”) determined as of the Date of Termination, or provided on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Date of Termination (the “ Delayed Payment Date ”).
(b) Death . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s death during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive’s estate or beneficiaries with the Accrued Obligations and the Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive’s estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(b) shall include, without limitation, and the Executive’s estate and/or beneficiaries shall be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most favorable benefits provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies under such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive’s estate and/or the Executive’s beneficiaries, as in effect on the date of the Executive’s death with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their beneficiaries.
(c) Disability . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s Disability during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations and Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within
30 days of the Date of Termination, provided , that in the event that the Executive is a Specified Employee, the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid, with Interest, to the Executive on the Delayed Payment Date. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(c) shall include, and the Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to disabled executives and/or their families in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with respect to other peer executives and their families at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families.
(d) Cause; Other Than for Good Reason . If, during the Employment Period, the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or the Executive voluntarily terminates employment (excluding a termination for Good Reason), the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations, and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. In such case, the Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
Section 6. Non-exclusivity of Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive’s continuing or future participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 11(f), shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the Executive may have under any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies. Amounts that are vested benefits or that the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination (“Other Benefits”) shall be payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program or contract or agreement, except as explicitly modified by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Executive’s resignation under this Agreement with or without Good Reason, shall in no way affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment by reason of the Executive’s “retirement” under, or to be eligible to receive benefits under, any compensation and benefits plans, programs or arrangements of the Company or the Affiliated Companies, including without limitation any retirement or pension plans or arrangements or substitute plans adopted by the Company, the Affiliated Companies or their respective successors, and any termination which otherwise qualifies as Good Reason shall be treated as such even if it is also a “retirement” for purposes of any such plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive receives payments and benefits pursuant to Section 5(a) of this Agreement, the Executive shall not be entitled to any severance pay or benefits under any severance plan, program or policy of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, unless otherwise specifically provided therein in a specific reference to this Agreement.
Section 7. Full Settlement; Legal Fees . The Company’s and/or the Bank’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform their obligations
hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense, or other claim, right or action that the Company or the Bank may have against the Executive or others. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and, except as specifically provided in Section 5(a)(2), such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the Executive obtains other employment. The Company or the Bank (as applicable) agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s or the Bank’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), at any time from the Effective Date through the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or, if longer, through the 20 th anniversary of the Effective Date) to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that the Executive may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or the Bank, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus, in each case, Interest determined as of the date such legal fees and expenses were incurred. In order to comply with Section 409A of the Code, in no event shall the payments by the Company or the Bank under this Section 7 be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; provided , that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.
Section 8. Certain Additional Payments by the Company . (a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be determined that any Payment would be subject to the Excise Tax, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (the “ Gross-Up Payment ”) in an amount such that, after payment by the Executive of all taxes (and any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, but excluding any income taxes and penalties imposed pursuant to Section 409A of the Code, the Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(a), if it shall be determined that the Executive is entitled to the Gross-Up Payment, but that the Parachute Value of all Payments does not exceed 110% of the Safe Harbor Amount, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and the amounts payable under this Agreement shall be reduced so that the Parachute Value of all Payments, in the aggregate, equals the Safe Harbor Amount. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (i) Section 5(a)(1)(B), (ii) Section 5(a)(1)(C), (iii) Section 5(a)(1)(A)(v) and (iv) Section 5(a)(2). For purposes of reducing the Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, only amounts payable under this Agreement (and no other Payments) shall be reduced. If the reduction of the amount payable under this Agreement would not result in a reduction of the Parachute Value of all Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, no amounts payable under the Agreement shall be reduced pursuant to this Section 8(a) and the Executive shall be entitled to the Gross-Up Payment. The Company’s obligation to make Gross-Up Payments under this Section 8 shall not be conditioned upon the Executive’s termination of employment.
(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 8(c), all determinations required to be made under this Section 8, including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required, the amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Executive and reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Accounting Firm ”). The Accounting Firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment or such earlier time as is requested by the Company. In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, the Executive may appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up Payments that will not have been made by the Company should have been made (the “ Underpayment ”), consistent with the calculations required to be made hereunder. In the event the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section 8(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive.
(c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable, but no later than 10 business days after the Executive is informed in writing of such claim. The Executive shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the date on which the Executive gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that the Company desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall:
(1) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim,
(2) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney reasonably selected by the Company,
(3) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order effectively to contest such claim, and
(4) permit the Company to participate in any proceedings relating to such claim;
provided , however , that the Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest, and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and penalties) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(c), the Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest, and, at its sole discretion, may pursue or forgo any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the applicable taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole discretion, either pay the tax claimed to the appropriate taxing authority on behalf of the Executive and direct the Executive to sue for a refund or to contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided , however , that, if the Company pays such claim and directs the Executive to sue for a refund, the Company shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties) imposed with respect to such payment or with respect to any imputed income in connection with such payment; and provided , further , that any extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such contested amount. Furthermore, the Company’s control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which the Gross-Up Payment would be payable hereunder, and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority.
(d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of a Gross-Up Payment or payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), the Executive becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to the Excise Tax to which such Gross-Up Payment relates or with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject to the Company’s complying with the requirements of Section 8(c), if applicable) promptly pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), a determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then the amount of such payment shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
(e) Any Gross-Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 8, shall be paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting Firm’s determination; provided that, the Gross-Up Payment shall in all events be paid no later than the end of the Executive’s taxable year next following the Executive’s taxable year in which the Excise Tax (and any income or other related taxes or interest or penalties thereon) on a Payment are remitted to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority or, in the case of amounts relating to a claim described in Section 8(c) that does not result in the remittance
of any federal, state, local and foreign income, excise, social security and other taxes, the calendar year in which the claim is finally settled or otherwise resolved. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8, the Company may, in its sole discretion, withhold and pay over to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority, for the benefit of the Executive, all or any portion of any Gross-Up Payment, and the Executive hereby consents to such withholding.
(f) Definitions . The following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of this Section 8.
(i) “ Excise Tax ” shall mean the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, together with any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such excise tax.
(ii) “ Parachute Value ” of a Payment shall mean the present value as of the date of the change of control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code of the portion of such Payment that constitutes a “parachute payment” under Section 280G(b)(2), as determined by the Accounting Firm for purposes of determining whether and to what extent the Excise Tax will apply to such Payment.
(iii) A “ Payment ” shall mean any payment or distribution in the nature of compensation (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code) to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise.
(iv) The “ Safe Harbor Amount ” means 2.99 times the Executive’s “base amount,” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code.
Section 9. Confidential Information . The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and the Bank all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or the Affiliated Companies, and their respective businesses, which information, knowledge or data shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and which information, knowledge or data shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). After termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company and/or the Bank, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company or the Bank or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company or the Bank and those persons designated by the Company or the Bank. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 9 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.
Section 10. Successors . (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive, and, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Bank, shall not be assignable by the Executive other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive’s legal representatives.
(b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Bank and their respective successors and assigns. Except as provided in Section 10(c), without the prior written consent of the Executive this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company or the Bank.
(c) The Company and the Bank will require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or the Bank to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company and the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. “Company” and “Bank” mean the Company and the Bank as hereinbefore defined and any successor to their business and/or assets as aforesaid that assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 11. Miscellaneous . (a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. Subject to the last sentence of Section 11(g), this Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives.
(b) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
if to the Executive:
At the most recent address on file at the Company.
if to the Company or the Bank:
777 N. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notice and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee.
(c) The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement.
(d) The Company or the Bank (as applicable) may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.
(e) The Executive’s, the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) failure to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the failure to assert any right the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) may have hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to Sections 4(c)(1) through 4(c)(5), shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement.
(f) The Executive, the Company and the Bank acknowledge that, except as may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement between the Executive, the Company and/or the Bank, the employment of the Executive by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) is “at will” and, subject to Section 1(a), the Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement. From and after the Effective Date, except as specifically provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede any other agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(g) The Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption or exclusion therefrom and, with respect to amounts that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, shall in all respects be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. In no event may the Executive, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment to be made under this Agreement. If the Executive dies following the Date of Termination and prior to the payment of the any amounts delayed on account of Section 409A of the Code, such amounts shall be paid to the personal representative of the Executive’s estate within 30 days after the date of the Executive’s death. All reimbursements and in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement that constitute deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, without limitation, that (i) in no event shall reimbursements by the Company or the Bank under this Agreement be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which the applicable fees and expenses were incurred, provided, that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; (ii) the amount of in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any given calendar year shall not affect the in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any other calendar year; (iii) the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay or provide such reimbursements and in-kind benefits may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit; and (iv) in no event shall the Company’s or the Bank’s obligations to make such reimbursements or to provide such in-kind benefits apply later than the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or if longer, through the 20th anniversary of the Effective Date). Prior to the Effective Date but within the time period permitted by the applicable Treasury Regulations, the Company may, in consultation with the Executive, modify the Agreement, in the least restrictive manner necessary and without any diminution in the value of the payments to the Executive, in order to cause the provisions of the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, so as to avoid the imposition of taxes and penalties on the Executive pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
Section 12. Survivorship . Upon the expiration or other termination of this Agreement or the Executive’s employment, the respective rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall survive to the extent necessary to carry out the intentions of the parties under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the Executive’s hand and, pursuant to the authorizations from the Board and the Bank Board, the Company and the Bank have each caused these presents to be executed in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written.
/s/ Anthony M. Tang |
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Anthony M. Tang |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
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CATHAY BANK |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
||
Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
-18-
EXHIBIT 10.10.3
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE OF CONTROL
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Change of Control Employment Agreement is made as of the 18th day of December, 2008 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Cathay Bank, a California state chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Bank ”), and Heng W. Chen (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) and the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “ Bank Board ”), have determined that it is in the best interests of the Bank and the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) will have the continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). The Board believes it is imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to encourage the Executive’s full attention and dedication to the Company in the event of any threatened or pending Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control that ensure that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive will be satisfied and that provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements that are competitive with those of other corporations. Therefore, in order to accomplish these objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . (a) “ Effective Date ” means the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined herein) on which a Change of Control occurs. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company, (ii) the Date of Termination is prior to the date on which a Change of Control occurs, and (iii) it is reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of employment (A) was at the request of a third party that has taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (B) otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the “ Effective Date ” means the date immediately prior to such Date of Termination.
(b) “ Change of Control Period ” means the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the date hereof; provided, however , that, commencing on the date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, the “ Renewal Date ”), unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from such Renewal Date, unless, at least 60 days prior to the Renewal Date, the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.
(c) “ Affiliated Company ” means any company controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
(d) “ Change of Control ” means:
(1) Any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)) (a “ Person ”) becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (A) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Outstanding Company Common Stock ”) or (B) the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Outstanding Company Voting Securities ”); provided, however, that, for purposes of this Section 1(d), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company or (iv) any acquisition pursuant to a transaction that complies with Sections 1(d)(3)(A), 1(d)(3)(B) and 1(d)(3)(C);
(2) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “ Incumbent Board ”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board;
(3) Consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Business Combination ”), in each case unless, following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the
case may be, (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such corporation, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
(4) Approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Section 2. Employment Period . The Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) hereby agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Employment Period ”). The Employment Period shall terminate upon the Executive’s termination of employment for any reason.
Section 3. Terms of Employment . (a) Position and Duties . (1) During the Employment Period, (A) the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all respects with the most significant of those held, exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive’s services shall be performed at the office where the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or at any other location less than 35 miles from such office.
(2) During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive’s reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently such responsibilities. During the Employment Period, it shall not be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B) deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities as an employee of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that, to the extent that any such activities have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date, the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities to the Company.
(b) Compensation . (1) Base Salary . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary (the “ Annual Base Salary ”) at an annual rate at least equal to 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid or payable, including any base salary that has been
earned but deferred, to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies in respect of the 12-month period immediately preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs. The Annual Base Salary shall be paid at such intervals as the Company or the Bank (as applicable) pays executive salaries generally. During the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed at least annually, beginning no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date. Any increase in the Annual Base Salary shall not serve to limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this Agreement. The Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any such increase and the term “Annual Base Salary” shall refer to the Annual Base Salary as so increased.
(2) Annual Bonus . In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the “ Annual Bonus ”) in cash at least equal to the Executive’s highest bonus earned under the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) annual incentive plan or program, or any comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date (or for such lesser number of full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date for which the Executive was eligible to earn such a bonus, and annualized in the case of any pro rata bonus earned for a partial fiscal year) (the “ Recent Annual Bonus ”). (If the Executive has not been eligible to earn such a bonus for any period prior to the Effective Date, the “ Recent Annual Bonus ” shall mean the Executive’s target annual bonus for the year in which the Effective Date occurs.) Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later than two and a half months after the end of the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus pursuant to an arrangement that meets the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).
(3) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all cash incentive, equity incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices, policies, and programs applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case, less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of those provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies for the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(4) Welfare Benefit Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as the case may be, shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and programs provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies (including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental, disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with benefits that are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in effect for the Executive at any time during the
120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(5) Expenses . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(6) Fringe Benefits . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including, without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(7) Office and Support Staff . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(8) Vacation . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company and the Affiliated Companies as in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
Section 4. Termination of Employment . (a) Death or Disability. The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically if the Executive dies during the Employment Period. If the Company determines in good faith that the Disability (as defined herein) of the Executive has occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition of “ Disability ”), it may give to the Executive written notice in accordance with Section 11(b) of its intention to terminate the Executive’s employment. In such event, the Executive’s employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice by the Executive (the “ Disability Effective Date ”), provided that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive’s duties. “ Disability ” means the absence of the Executive from the Executive’s duties with the Company or the Bank (as applicable) on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as a result of incapacity due to
mental or physical illness that is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or the Executive’s legal representative.
(b) Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment during the Employment Period with or without Cause. “ Cause ” means:
(1) the willful and continued failure of the Executive to perform substantially the Executive’s duties (as contemplated by Section 3(a)(1)(A)) with the Company or any Affiliated Company (other than any such failure resulting from incapacity due to physical or mental illness or following the Executive’s delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company believes that the Executive has not substantially performed the Executive’s duties, or
(2) the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or gross misconduct that is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company.
For purposes of this Section 4(b), no act, or failure to act, on the part of the Executive shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company. Any act, or failure to act (A) based upon authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by the Board, or if the Company is not the ultimate parent corporation of the Affiliated Companies and is not publicly-traded, the board of directors of the ultimate parent of the Company (the “ Applicable Board ”), (B) based upon authority given by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or an executive officer of the Company that is senior to Executive or (C) based upon the advice of counsel for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests of the Company. The cessation of employment of the Executive shall not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire membership of the Applicable Board (excluding the Executive, if the Executive is a member of the Applicable Board) at a meeting of the Applicable Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel for the Executive, to be heard before the Applicable Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion of the Applicable Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in Section 4(b)(1) or 4(b)(2), and specifying the particulars thereof in detail.
(c) Good Reason . The Executive’s employment may be terminated during the Employment Period by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Executive voluntarily without Good Reason. “ Good Reason ” means:
(1) the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent in any respect with the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or responsibilities as contemplated by Section 3(a), or any other diminution in such position, authority, duties or responsibilities (whether or not occurring solely as a result of
the Company’s ceasing to be a publicly traded entity), excluding for this purpose an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(2) any failure by the Company to comply with any of the provisions of Section 3(b), other than an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(3) the Company’s requiring the Executive (i) to be based at any office or location other than as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(B) of this Agreement, (ii) to be based at a location other than the principal executive offices of the Company if the Executive was employed at such location immediately preceding the Effective Date, or (iii) to travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than required immediately prior to the Effective Date;
(4) any purported termination by the Company of the Executive’s employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this Agreement; or
(5) any action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) of this Agreement, including any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy Section 10(c).
For purposes of this Section 4(c), any good faith determination of Good Reason made by the Executive shall be conclusive. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason pursuant to a Notice of Termination given during the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason for all purposes of this Agreement. The Executive’s mental or physical incapacity following the occurrence of an event described above in clauses (1) through (5) shall not affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment for Good Reason and the Executive’s death following delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason shall not affect the Executive’s estate’s entitlement to severance payments or benefits provided hereunder upon a termination of employment for Good Reason.
(d) Notice of Termination . Any termination of employment by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 11(b). “ Notice of Termination ” means a written notice that (1) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (2) to the extent applicable, sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated, and (3) if the Date of Termination (as defined herein) is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the Date of Termination (which Date of Termination shall be not more than 30 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance that contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive’s or the Company’s respective rights hereunder.
(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (1) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the Notice of Termination or any later date specified in the Notice of Termination, as the case may be, (2) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the date on which the Company notifies the Executive of such termination, (3) if the Executive resigns without Good Reason, the date on which the Executive notifies the Company of such termination, and (4) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the date of death of the Executive or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Date of Termination occur until the Executive experiences a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, and the date on which such separation from service takes place shall be the “Date of Termination.”
Section 5. Obligations of the Company upon Termination . (a) By the Executive for Good Reason; By the Company Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability . If, during the Employment Period, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment other than for Cause, Death or Disability or the Executive terminates employment for Good Reason:
(1) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall pay to the Executive, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days after the Date of Termination, the aggregate of the following amounts:
(A) the sum of (i) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (ii) the Executive’s business expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to Section 3(b)(5) but have not been reimbursed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) as of the Date of Termination; (iii) the Executive’s Annual Bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs, if such bonus has been determined but not paid as of the Date of Termination; (iv) any accrued vacation pay to the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described in subclauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the “ Accrued Obligations ”) and (v) an amount equal to the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and (II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or portion thereof that has been earned but deferred (and annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than 12 full months or during which the Executive was employed for less than 12 full months), for the most recently completed fiscal year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount, the “ Highest Annual Bonus ”) and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year through the Date of Termination and the denominator of which is 365 (the “ Pro Rata Bonus ”); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive has made an irrevocable election under any deferred compensation arrangement subject to Section 409A of the Code to defer any portion of the Annual Base Salary or Annual Bonus described in clause (i) or clause (iii) above, then for all purposes of this Section 5 (including, without limitation, Sections 5(b) through 5(d)), such deferral election, and the terms of the applicable arrangement shall apply to the same portion of the amount described in such clause (i) or clause (iii), and such portion shall not be considered as part of the “ Accrued Obligations ” but shall instead be an “ Other Benefit ” (as defined below);
(B) the amount equal to the product of (i) two and (ii) the sum of (x) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest Annual Bonus; and
(C) an amount equal to the sum of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) matching or other employer contributions under the Company’s or the Bank’s qualified defined contribution plans and any excess or supplemental defined contribution plans in which the Executive participates that the Company or the Bank (as applicable) would have made on behalf of the Executive during the two years after the Date of Termination if the Executive’s employment continued for two years after the Date of Termination (and without regard to any vesting requirement), assuming for this purpose that (i) the Executive’s compensation during the two year period is that required by Sections 3(b)(1) and 3(b)(2) and (ii) to the extent that the employer contributions are determined based on the contributions or deferrals of the Executive, that the Executive’s contribution or deferral elections, as appropriate, are those in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination; and
(2) for two years following the Date of Termination or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the appropriate plan, program, practice or policy (the applicable period hereinafter referred to as the “ Benefit Continuation Period ”), the Company or the Affiliated Companies shall provide health care and life insurance benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies providing health care and life insurance benefits and at the benefit level described in Section 3(b)(4) of this Agreement if the Executive’s employment had not been terminated or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families; provided , however , that, the health care benefits provided during the Benefit Continuation Period shall be provided in such a manner that such benefits (and the costs and premiums thereof) are excluded from the Executive’s income for federal income tax purposes and, if the Company reasonably determines that providing continued coverage under one or more of its health care benefit plans contemplated herein could be taxable to the Executive, the Company shall provide such benefits at the level required hereby through the purchase of individual insurance coverage; provided , further , however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another employer and is eligible to receive health care and life insurance benefits under another employer provided plan, the health care and life insurance benefits described herein shall be secondary to those provided under such other plan during such applicable period of eligibility. Following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, Executive shall be eligible for continued health coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or other applicable law (“ COBRA Coverage ”), as if the Executive’s employment with the Company had terminated as of the end of such period, and the Company shall take such actions as are necessary to cause such COBRA Coverage not to be offset by the provision of benefits under this Section 5(a)(2) and to cause the period of COBRA Coverage to commence at the end of the Benefit Continuation Period. For purposes of determining eligibility (but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive for retiree welfare benefits pursuant to the Company’s or the Bank’s retiree welfare benefit plans, if any, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Executive shall be considered to have remained employed until the end of the Benefit Continuation Period and to have retired on the last day of such period;
(3) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall, at its sole expense as incurred, provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and provider of which shall
be selected by the Executive in the Executive’s sole discretion, provided that the cost of such outplacement shall not exceed $50,000; and provided, further , that, such outplacement benefits shall end not later than the last day of the second calendar year that begins after the Date of Termination; and
(4) except as otherwise set forth in the last sentence of Section 6, to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any Other Benefits (as defined in Section 6) in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Sections 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2), in the event that the Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (as determined in accordance with the methodology established by the Company as in effect on the Date of Termination) (a “ Specified Employee ”), amounts that constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided under Section 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2) during the six-month period immediately following the Date of Termination (other than the Accrued Obligations) shall instead be paid, with interest on any delayed payment at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Code (“ Interest ”) determined as of the Date of Termination, or provided on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Date of Termination (the “ Delayed Payment Date ”).
(b) Death . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s death during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive’s estate or beneficiaries with the Accrued Obligations and the Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive’s estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(b) shall include, without limitation, and the Executive’s estate and/or beneficiaries shall be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most favorable benefits provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies under such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive’s estate and/or the Executive’s beneficiaries, as in effect on the date of the Executive’s death with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their beneficiaries.
(c) Disability . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s Disability during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations and Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within
30 days of the Date of Termination, provided , that in the event that the Executive is a Specified Employee, the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid, with Interest, to the Executive on the Delayed Payment Date. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(c) shall include, and the Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to disabled executives and/or their families in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with respect to other peer executives and their families at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families.
(d) Cause; Other Than for Good Reason . If, during the Employment Period, the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or the Executive voluntarily terminates employment (excluding a termination for Good Reason), the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations, and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. In such case, the Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
Section 6. Non-exclusivity of Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive’s continuing or future participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 11(f), shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the Executive may have under any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies. Amounts that are vested benefits or that the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination (“Other Benefits”) shall be payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program or contract or agreement, except as explicitly modified by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Executive’s resignation under this Agreement with or without Good Reason, shall in no way affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment by reason of the Executive’s “retirement” under, or to be eligible to receive benefits under, any compensation and benefits plans, programs or arrangements of the Company or the Affiliated Companies, including without limitation any retirement or pension plans or arrangements or substitute plans adopted by the Company, the Affiliated Companies or their respective successors, and any termination which otherwise qualifies as Good Reason shall be treated as such even if it is also a “retirement” for purposes of any such plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive receives payments and benefits pursuant to Section 5(a) of this Agreement, the Executive shall not be entitled to any severance pay or benefits under any severance plan, program or policy of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, unless otherwise specifically provided therein in a specific reference to this Agreement.
Section 7. Full Settlement; Legal Fees . The Company’s and/or the Bank’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform their obligations
hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense, or other claim, right or action that the Company or the Bank may have against the Executive or others. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and, except as specifically provided in Section 5(a)(2), such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the Executive obtains other employment. The Company or the Bank (as applicable) agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s or the Bank’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), at any time from the Effective Date through the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or, if longer, through the 20 th anniversary of the Effective Date) to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that the Executive may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or the Bank, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus, in each case, Interest determined as of the date such legal fees and expenses were incurred. In order to comply with Section 409A of the Code, in no event shall the payments by the Company or the Bank under this Section 7 be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; provided , that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.
Section 8. Certain Additional Payments by the Company . (a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be determined that any Payment would be subject to the Excise Tax, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (the “ Gross-Up Payment ”) in an amount such that, after payment by the Executive of all taxes (and any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, but excluding any income taxes and penalties imposed pursuant to Section 409A of the Code, the Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(a), if it shall be determined that the Executive is entitled to the Gross-Up Payment, but that the Parachute Value of all Payments does not exceed 110% of the Safe Harbor Amount, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and the amounts payable under this Agreement shall be reduced so that the Parachute Value of all Payments, in the aggregate, equals the Safe Harbor Amount. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (i) Section 5(a)(1)(B), (ii) Section 5(a)(1)(C), (iii) Section 5(a)(1)(A)(v) and (iv) Section 5(a)(2). For purposes of reducing the Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, only amounts payable under this Agreement (and no other Payments) shall be reduced. If the reduction of the amount payable under this Agreement would not result in a reduction of the Parachute Value of all Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, no amounts payable under the Agreement shall be reduced pursuant to this Section 8(a) and the Executive shall be entitled to the Gross-Up Payment. The Company’s obligation to make Gross-Up Payments under this Section 8 shall not be conditioned upon the Executive’s termination of employment.
(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 8(c), all determinations required to be made under this Section 8, including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required, the amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Executive and reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Accounting Firm ”). The Accounting Firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment or such earlier time as is requested by the Company. In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, the Executive may appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up Payments that will not have been made by the Company should have been made (the “ Underpayment ”), consistent with the calculations required to be made hereunder. In the event the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section 8(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive.
(c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable, but no later than 10 business days after the Executive is informed in writing of such claim. The Executive shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the date on which the Executive gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that the Company desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall:
(1) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim,
(2) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney reasonably selected by the Company,
(3) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order effectively to contest such claim, and
(4) permit the Company to participate in any proceedings relating to such claim;
provided , however , that the Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest, and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and penalties) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(c), the Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest, and, at its sole discretion, may pursue or forgo any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the applicable taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole discretion, either pay the tax claimed to the appropriate taxing authority on behalf of the Executive and direct the Executive to sue for a refund or to contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided , however , that, if the Company pays such claim and directs the Executive to sue for a refund, the Company shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties) imposed with respect to such payment or with respect to any imputed income in connection with such payment; and provided , further , that any extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such contested amount. Furthermore, the Company’s control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which the Gross-Up Payment would be payable hereunder, and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority.
(d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of a Gross-Up Payment or payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), the Executive becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to the Excise Tax to which such Gross-Up Payment relates or with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject to the Company’s complying with the requirements of Section 8(c), if applicable) promptly pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), a determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then the amount of such payment shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
(e) Any Gross-Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 8, shall be paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting Firm’s determination; provided that, the Gross-Up Payment shall in all events be paid no later than the end of the Executive’s taxable year next following the Executive’s taxable year in which the Excise Tax (and any income or other related taxes or interest or penalties thereon) on a Payment are remitted to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority or, in the case of amounts relating to a claim described in Section 8(c) that does not result in the remittance
of any federal, state, local and foreign income, excise, social security and other taxes, the calendar year in which the claim is finally settled or otherwise resolved. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8, the Company may, in its sole discretion, withhold and pay over to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority, for the benefit of the Executive, all or any portion of any Gross-Up Payment, and the Executive hereby consents to such withholding.
(f) Definitions . The following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of this Section 8.
(i) “ Excise Tax ” shall mean the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, together with any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such excise tax.
(ii) “ Parachute Value ” of a Payment shall mean the present value as of the date of the change of control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code of the portion of such Payment that constitutes a “parachute payment” under Section 280G(b)(2), as determined by the Accounting Firm for purposes of determining whether and to what extent the Excise Tax will apply to such Payment.
(iii) A “ Payment ” shall mean any payment or distribution in the nature of compensation (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code) to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise.
(iv) The “ Safe Harbor Amount ” means 2.99 times the Executive’s “base amount,” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code.
Section 9. Confidential Information . The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and the Bank all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or the Affiliated Companies, and their respective businesses, which information, knowledge or data shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and which information, knowledge or data shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). After termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company and/or the Bank, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company or the Bank or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company or the Bank and those persons designated by the Company or the Bank. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 9 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.
Section 10. Successors . (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive, and, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Bank, shall not be assignable by the Executive other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive’s legal representatives.
(b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Bank and their respective successors and assigns. Except as provided in Section 10(c), without the prior written consent of the Executive this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company or the Bank.
(c) The Company and the Bank will require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or the Bank to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company and the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. “Company” and “Bank” mean the Company and the Bank as hereinbefore defined and any successor to their business and/or assets as aforesaid that assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 11. Miscellaneous . (a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. Subject to the last sentence of Section 11(g), this Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives.
(b) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
if to the Executive:
At the most recent address on file at the Company.
if to the Company or the Bank:
777 N. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notice and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee.
(c) The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement.
(d) The Company or the Bank (as applicable) may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.
(e) The Executive’s, the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) failure to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the failure to assert any right the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) may have hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to Sections 4(c)(1) through 4(c)(5), shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement.
(f) The Executive, the Company and the Bank acknowledge that, except as may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement between the Executive, the Company and/or the Bank, the employment of the Executive by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) is “at will” and, subject to Section 1(a), the Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement. From and after the Effective Date, except as specifically provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede any other agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(g) The Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption or exclusion therefrom and, with respect to amounts that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, shall in all respects be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. In no event may the Executive, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment to be made under this Agreement. If the Executive dies following the Date of Termination and prior to the payment of the any amounts delayed on account of Section 409A of the Code, such amounts shall be paid to the personal representative of the Executive’s estate within 30 days after the date of the Executive’s death. All reimbursements and in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement that constitute deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, without limitation, that (i) in no event shall reimbursements by the Company or the Bank under this Agreement be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which the applicable fees and expenses were incurred, provided, that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; (ii) the amount of in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any given calendar year shall not affect the in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any other calendar year; (iii) the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay or provide such reimbursements and in-kind benefits may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit; and (iv) in no event shall the Company’s or the Bank’s obligations to make such reimbursements or to provide such in-kind benefits apply later than the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or if longer, through the 20th anniversary of the Effective Date). Prior to the Effective Date but within the time period permitted by the applicable Treasury Regulations, the Company may, in consultation with the Executive, modify the Agreement, in the least restrictive manner necessary and without any diminution in the value of the payments to the Executive, in order to cause the provisions of the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, so as to avoid the imposition of taxes and penalties on the Executive pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
Section 12. Survivorship . Upon the expiration or other termination of this Agreement or the Executive’s employment, the respective rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall survive to the extent necessary to carry out the intentions of the parties under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the Executive’s hand and, pursuant to the authorizations from the Board and the Bank Board, the Company and the Bank have each caused these presents to be executed in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written.
/s/ Heng W. Chen |
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Heng W. Chen |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
|
CATHAY BANK |
||
/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
||
Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
-18-
EXHIBIT 10.10.4
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE OF CONTROL
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Change of Control Employment Agreement is made as of the 18th day of December, 2008 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Cathay Bank, a California state chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Bank ”), and Irwin Wong (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) and the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “ Bank Board ”), have determined that it is in the best interests of the Bank and the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) will have the continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). The Board believes it is imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to encourage the Executive’s full attention and dedication to the Company in the event of any threatened or pending Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control that ensure that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive will be satisfied and that provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements that are competitive with those of other corporations. Therefore, in order to accomplish these objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . (a) “ Effective Date ” means the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined herein) on which a Change of Control occurs. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company, (ii) the Date of Termination is prior to the date on which a Change of Control occurs, and (iii) it is reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of employment (A) was at the request of a third party that has taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (B) otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the “ Effective Date ” means the date immediately prior to such Date of Termination.
(b) “ Change of Control Period ” means the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the date hereof; provided , however , that, commencing on the date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, the “ Renewal Date ”), unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from such Renewal Date, unless, at least 60 days prior to the Renewal Date, the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.
(c) “ Affiliated Company ” means any company controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
(d) “ Change of Control ” means:
(1) Any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)) (a “ Person ”) becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (A) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Outstanding Company Common Stock ”) or (B) the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Outstanding Company Voting Securities ”); provided, however, that, for purposes of this Section 1(d), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company or (iv) any acquisition pursuant to a transaction that complies with Sections 1(d)(3)(A), 1(d)(3)(B) and 1(d)(3)(C);
(2) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “ Incumbent Board ”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board;
(3) Consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Business Combination ”), in each case unless, following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the
case may be, (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such corporation, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
(4) Approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Section 2. Employment Period . The Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) hereby agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Employment Period ”). The Employment Period shall terminate upon the Executive’s termination of employment for any reason.
Section 3. Terms of Employment . (a) Position and Duties . (1) During the Employment Period, (A) the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all respects with the most significant of those held, exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive’s services shall be performed at the office where the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or at any other location less than 35 miles from such office.
(2) During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive’s reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently such responsibilities. During the Employment Period, it shall not be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B) deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities as an employee of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that, to the extent that any such activities have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date, the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities to the Company.
(b) Compensation . (1) Base Salary . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary (the “ Annual Base Salary ”) at an annual rate at least equal to 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid or payable, including any base salary that has been
earned but deferred, to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies in respect of the 12-month period immediately preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs. The Annual Base Salary shall be paid at such intervals as the Company or the Bank (as applicable) pays executive salaries generally. During the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed at least annually, beginning no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date. Any increase in the Annual Base Salary shall not serve to limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this Agreement. The Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any such increase and the term “Annual Base Salary” shall refer to the Annual Base Salary as so increased.
(2) Annual Bonus . In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the “ Annual Bonus ”) in cash at least equal to the Executive’s highest bonus earned under the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) annual incentive plan or program, or any comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date (or for such lesser number of full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date for which the Executive was eligible to earn such a bonus, and annualized in the case of any pro rata bonus earned for a partial fiscal year) (the “ Recent Annual Bonus ”). (If the Executive has not been eligible to earn such a bonus for any period prior to the Effective Date, the “ Recent Annual Bonus ” shall mean the Executive’s target annual bonus for the year in which the Effective Date occurs.) Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later than two and a half months after the end of the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus pursuant to an arrangement that meets the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).
(3) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all cash incentive, equity incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices, policies, and programs applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case, less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of those provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies for the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(4) Welfare Benefit Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as the case may be, shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and programs provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies (including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental, disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with benefits that are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in effect for the Executive at any time during the
120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(5) Expenses . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(6) Fringe Benefits . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including, without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(7) Office and Support Staff . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(8) Vacation . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company and the Affiliated Companies as in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
Section 4. Termination of Employment . (a) Death or Disability. The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically if the Executive dies during the Employment Period. If the Company determines in good faith that the Disability (as defined herein) of the Executive has occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition of “ Disability ”), it may give to the Executive written notice in accordance with Section 11(b) of its intention to terminate the Executive’s employment. In such event, the Executive’s employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice by the Executive (the “ Disability Effective Date ”), provided that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive’s duties. “ Disability ” means the absence of the Executive from the Executive’s duties with the Company or the Bank (as applicable) on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as a result of incapacity due to
mental or physical illness that is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or the Executive’s legal representative.
(b) Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment during the Employment Period with or without Cause. “ Cause ” means:
(1) the willful and continued failure of the Executive to perform substantially the Executive’s duties (as contemplated by Section 3(a)(1)(A)) with the Company or any Affiliated Company (other than any such failure resulting from incapacity due to physical or mental illness or following the Executive’s delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company believes that the Executive has not substantially performed the Executive’s duties, or
(2) the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or gross misconduct that is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company.
For purposes of this Section 4(b), no act, or failure to act, on the part of the Executive shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company. Any act, or failure to act (A) based upon authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by the Board, or if the Company is not the ultimate parent corporation of the Affiliated Companies and is not publicly-traded, the board of directors of the ultimate parent of the Company (the “ Applicable Board ”), (B) based upon authority given by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or an executive officer of the Company that is senior to Executive or (C) based upon the advice of counsel for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests of the Company. The cessation of employment of the Executive shall not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire membership of the Applicable Board (excluding the Executive, if the Executive is a member of the Applicable Board) at a meeting of the Applicable Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel for the Executive, to be heard before the Applicable Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion of the Applicable Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in Section 4(b)(1) or 4(b)(2), and specifying the particulars thereof in detail.
(c) Good Reason . The Executive’s employment may be terminated during the Employment Period by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Executive voluntarily without Good Reason. “ Good Reason ” means:
(1) the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent in any respect with the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or responsibilities as contemplated by Section 3(a), or any other diminution in such position, authority, duties or responsibilities (whether or not occurring solely as a result of
the Company’s ceasing to be a publicly traded entity), excluding for this purpose an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(2) any failure by the Company to comply with any of the provisions of Section 3(b), other than an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(3) the Company’s requiring the Executive (i) to be based at any office or location other than as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(B) of this Agreement, (ii) to be based at a location other than the principal executive offices of the Company if the Executive was employed at such location immediately preceding the Effective Date, or (iii) to travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than required immediately prior to the Effective Date;
(4) any purported termination by the Company of the Executive’s employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this Agreement; or
(5) any action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) of this Agreement, including any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy Section 10(c).
For purposes of this Section 4(c), any good faith determination of Good Reason made by the Executive shall be conclusive. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason pursuant to a Notice of Termination given during the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason for all purposes of this Agreement. The Executive’s mental or physical incapacity following the occurrence of an event described above in clauses (1) through (5) shall not affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment for Good Reason and the Executive’s death following delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason shall not affect the Executive’s estate’s entitlement to severance payments or benefits provided hereunder upon a termination of employment for Good Reason.
(d) Notice of Termination . Any termination of employment by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 11(b). “ Notice of Termination ” means a written notice that (1) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (2) to the extent applicable, sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated, and (3) if the Date of Termination (as defined herein) is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the Date of Termination (which Date of Termination shall be not more than 30 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance that contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive’s or the Company’s respective rights hereunder.
(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (1) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the Notice of Termination or any later date specified in the Notice of Termination, as the case may be, (2) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the date on which the Company notifies the Executive of such termination, (3) if the Executive resigns without Good Reason, the date on which the Executive notifies the Company of such termination, and (4) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the date of death of the Executive or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Date of Termination occur until the Executive experiences a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, and the date on which such separation from service takes place shall be the “Date of Termination.”
Section 5. Obligations of the Company upon Termination . (a) By the Executive for Good Reason; By the Company Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability . If, during the Employment Period, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment other than for Cause, Death or Disability or the Executive terminates employment for Good Reason:
(1) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall pay to the Executive, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days after the Date of Termination, the aggregate of the following amounts:
(A) the sum of (i) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (ii) the Executive’s business expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to Section 3(b)(5) but have not been reimbursed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) as of the Date of Termination; (iii) the Executive’s Annual Bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs, if such bonus has been determined but not paid as of the Date of Termination; (iv) any accrued vacation pay to the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described in subclauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the “ Accrued Obligations ”) and (v) an amount equal to the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and (II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or portion thereof that has been earned but deferred (and annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than 12 full months or during which the Executive was employed for less than 12 full months), for the most recently completed fiscal year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount, the “ Highest Annual Bonus ”) and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year through the Date of Termination and the denominator of which is 365 (the “ Pro Rata Bonus ”); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive has made an irrevocable election under any deferred compensation arrangement subject to Section 409A of the Code to defer any portion of the Annual Base Salary or Annual Bonus described in clause (i) or clause (iii) above, then for all purposes of this Section 5 (including, without limitation, Sections 5(b) through 5(d)), such deferral election, and the terms of the applicable arrangement shall apply to the same portion of the amount described in such clause (i) or clause (iii), and such portion shall not be considered as part of the “ Accrued Obligations ” but shall instead be an “ Other Benefit ” (as defined below);
(B) the amount equal to the product of (i) two and (ii) the sum of (x) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest Annual Bonus; and
(C) an amount equal to the sum of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) matching or other employer contributions under the Company’s or the Bank’s qualified defined contribution plans and any excess or supplemental defined contribution plans in which the Executive participates that the Company or the Bank (as applicable) would have made on behalf of the Executive during the two years after the Date of Termination if the Executive’s employment continued for two years after the Date of Termination (and without regard to any vesting requirement), assuming for this purpose that (i) the Executive’s compensation during the two year period is that required by Sections 3(b)(1) and 3(b)(2) and (ii) to the extent that the employer contributions are determined based on the contributions or deferrals of the Executive, that the Executive’s contribution or deferral elections, as appropriate, are those in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination; and
(2) for two years following the Date of Termination or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the appropriate plan, program, practice or policy (the applicable period hereinafter referred to as the “ Benefit Continuation Period ”), the Company or the Affiliated Companies shall provide health care and life insurance benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies providing health care and life insurance benefits and at the benefit level described in Section 3(b)(4) of this Agreement if the Executive’s employment had not been terminated or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families; provided , however , that, the health care benefits provided during the Benefit Continuation Period shall be provided in such a manner that such benefits (and the costs and premiums thereof) are excluded from the Executive’s income for federal income tax purposes and, if the Company reasonably determines that providing continued coverage under one or more of its health care benefit plans contemplated herein could be taxable to the Executive, the Company shall provide such benefits at the level required hereby through the purchase of individual insurance coverage; provided , further , however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another employer and is eligible to receive health care and life insurance benefits under another employer provided plan, the health care and life insurance benefits described herein shall be secondary to those provided under such other plan during such applicable period of eligibility. Following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, Executive shall be eligible for continued health coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or other applicable law (“ COBRA Coverage ”), as if the Executive’s employment with the Company had terminated as of the end of such period, and the Company shall take such actions as are necessary to cause such COBRA Coverage not to be offset by the provision of benefits under this Section 5(a)(2) and to cause the period of COBRA Coverage to commence at the end of the Benefit Continuation Period. For purposes of determining eligibility (but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive for retiree welfare benefits pursuant to the Company’s or the Bank’s retiree welfare benefit plans, if any, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Executive shall be considered to have remained employed until the end of the Benefit Continuation Period and to have retired on the last day of such period;
(3) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall, at its sole expense as incurred, provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and provider of which shall
be selected by the Executive in the Executive’s sole discretion, provided that the cost of such outplacement shall not exceed $50,000; and provided , further , that, such outplacement benefits shall end not later than the last day of the second calendar year that begins after the Date of Termination; and
(4) except as otherwise set forth in the last sentence of Section 6, to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any Other Benefits (as defined in Section 6) in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Sections 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2), in the event that the Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (as determined in accordance with the methodology established by the Company as in effect on the Date of Termination) (a “ Specified Employee ”), amounts that constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided under Section 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2) during the six-month period immediately following the Date of Termination (other than the Accrued Obligations) shall instead be paid, with interest on any delayed payment at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Code (“ Interest ”) determined as of the Date of Termination, or provided on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Date of Termination (the “ Delayed Payment Date ”).
(b) Death . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s death during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive’s estate or beneficiaries with the Accrued Obligations and the Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive’s estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(b) shall include, without limitation, and the Executive’s estate and/or beneficiaries shall be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most favorable benefits provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies under such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive’s estate and/or the Executive’s beneficiaries, as in effect on the date of the Executive’s death with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their beneficiaries.
(c) Disability . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s Disability during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations and Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within
30 days of the Date of Termination, provided , that in the event that the Executive is a Specified Employee, the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid, with Interest, to the Executive on the Delayed Payment Date. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(c) shall include, and the Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to disabled executives and/or their families in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with respect to other peer executives and their families at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families.
(d) Cause; Other Than for Good Reason . If, during the Employment Period, the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or the Executive voluntarily terminates employment (excluding a termination for Good Reason), the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations, and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. In such case, the Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
Section 6. Non-exclusivity of Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive’s continuing or future participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 11(f), shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the Executive may have under any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies. Amounts that are vested benefits or that the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination (“Other Benefits”) shall be payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program or contract or agreement, except as explicitly modified by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Executive’s resignation under this Agreement with or without Good Reason, shall in no way affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment by reason of the Executive’s “retirement” under, or to be eligible to receive benefits under, any compensation and benefits plans, programs or arrangements of the Company or the Affiliated Companies, including without limitation any retirement or pension plans or arrangements or substitute plans adopted by the Company, the Affiliated Companies or their respective successors, and any termination which otherwise qualifies as Good Reason shall be treated as such even if it is also a “retirement” for purposes of any such plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive receives payments and benefits pursuant to Section 5(a) of this Agreement, the Executive shall not be entitled to any severance pay or benefits under any severance plan, program or policy of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, unless otherwise specifically provided therein in a specific reference to this Agreement.
Section 7. Full Settlement; Legal Fees . The Company’s and/or the Bank’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform their obligations
hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense, or other claim, right or action that the Company or the Bank may have against the Executive or others. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and, except as specifically provided in Section 5(a)(2), such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the Executive obtains other employment. The Company or the Bank (as applicable) agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s or the Bank’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), at any time from the Effective Date through the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or, if longer, through the 20 th anniversary of the Effective Date) to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that the Executive may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or the Bank, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus, in each case, Interest determined as of the date such legal fees and expenses were incurred. In order to comply with Section 409A of the Code, in no event shall the payments by the Company or the Bank under this Section 7 be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; provided , that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.
Section 8. Certain Additional Payments by the Company . (a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be determined that any Payment would be subject to the Excise Tax, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (the “ Gross-Up Payment ”) in an amount such that, after payment by the Executive of all taxes (and any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, but excluding any income taxes and penalties imposed pursuant to Section 409A of the Code, the Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(a), if it shall be determined that the Executive is entitled to the Gross-Up Payment, but that the Parachute Value of all Payments does not exceed 110% of the Safe Harbor Amount, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and the amounts payable under this Agreement shall be reduced so that the Parachute Value of all Payments, in the aggregate, equals the Safe Harbor Amount. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (i) Section 5(a)(1)(B), (ii) Section 5(a)(1)(C), (iii) Section 5(a)(1)(A)(v) and (iv) Section 5(a)(2). For purposes of reducing the Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, only amounts payable under this Agreement (and no other Payments) shall be reduced. If the reduction of the amount payable under this Agreement would not result in a reduction of the Parachute Value of all Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, no amounts payable under the Agreement shall be reduced pursuant to this Section 8(a) and the Executive shall be entitled to the Gross-Up Payment. The Company’s obligation to make Gross-Up Payments under this Section 8 shall not be conditioned upon the Executive’s termination of employment.
(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 8(c), all determinations required to be made under this Section 8, including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required, the amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Executive and reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Accounting Firm ”). The Accounting Firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment or such earlier time as is requested by the Company. In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, the Executive may appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up Payments that will not have been made by the Company should have been made (the “ Underpayment ”), consistent with the calculations required to be made hereunder. In the event the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section 8(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive.
(c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable, but no later than 10 business days after the Executive is informed in writing of such claim. The Executive shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the date on which the Executive gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that the Company desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall:
(1) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim,
(2) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney reasonably selected by the Company,
(3) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order effectively to contest such claim, and
(4) permit the Company to participate in any proceedings relating to such claim;
provided , however , that the Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest, and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and penalties) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(c), the Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest, and, at its sole discretion, may pursue or forgo any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the applicable taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole discretion, either pay the tax claimed to the appropriate taxing authority on behalf of the Executive and direct the Executive to sue for a refund or to contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided , however , that, if the Company pays such claim and directs the Executive to sue for a refund, the Company shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties) imposed with respect to such payment or with respect to any imputed income in connection with such payment; and provided , further , that any extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such contested amount. Furthermore, the Company’s control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which the Gross-Up Payment would be payable hereunder, and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority.
(d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of a Gross-Up Payment or payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), the Executive becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to the Excise Tax to which such Gross-Up Payment relates or with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject to the Company’s complying with the requirements of Section 8(c), if applicable) promptly pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), a determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then the amount of such payment shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
(e) Any Gross-Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 8, shall be paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting Firm’s determination; provided that, the Gross-Up Payment shall in all events be paid no later than the end of the Executive’s taxable year next following the Executive’s taxable year in which the Excise Tax (and any income or other related taxes or interest or penalties thereon) on a Payment are remitted to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority or, in the case of amounts relating to a claim described in Section 8(c) that does not result in the remittance
of any federal, state, local and foreign income, excise, social security and other taxes, the calendar year in which the claim is finally settled or otherwise resolved. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8, the Company may, in its sole discretion, withhold and pay over to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority, for the benefit of the Executive, all or any portion of any Gross-Up Payment, and the Executive hereby consents to such withholding.
(f) Definitions . The following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of this Section 8.
(i) “ Excise Tax ” shall mean the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, together with any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such excise tax.
(ii) “ Parachute Value ” of a Payment shall mean the present value as of the date of the change of control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code of the portion of such Payment that constitutes a “parachute payment” under Section 280G(b)(2), as determined by the Accounting Firm for purposes of determining whether and to what extent the Excise Tax will apply to such Payment.
(iii) A “ Payment ” shall mean any payment or distribution in the nature of compensation (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code) to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise.
(iv) The “ Safe Harbor Amount ” means 2.99 times the Executive’s “base amount,” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code.
Section 9. Confidential Information . The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and the Bank all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or the Affiliated Companies, and their respective businesses, which information, knowledge or data shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and which information, knowledge or data shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). After termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company and/or the Bank, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company or the Bank or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company or the Bank and those persons designated by the Company or the Bank. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 9 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.
Section 10. Successors . (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive, and, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Bank, shall not be assignable by the Executive other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive’s legal representatives.
(b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Bank and their respective successors and assigns. Except as provided in Section 10(c), without the prior written consent of the Executive this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company or the Bank.
(c) The Company and the Bank will require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or the Bank to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company and the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. “Company” and “Bank” mean the Company and the Bank as hereinbefore defined and any successor to their business and/or assets as aforesaid that assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 11. Miscellaneous . (a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. Subject to the last sentence of Section 11(g), this Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives.
(b) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
if to the Executive:
At the most recent address on file at the Company.
if to the Company or the Bank:
777 N. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notice and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee.
(c) The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement.
(d) The Company or the Bank (as applicable) may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.
(e) The Executive’s, the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) failure to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the failure to assert any right the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) may have hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to Sections 4(c)(1) through 4(c)(5), shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement.
(f) The Executive, the Company and the Bank acknowledge that, except as may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement between the Executive, the Company and/or the Bank, the employment of the Executive by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) is “at will” and, subject to Section 1(a), the Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement. From and after the Effective Date, except as specifically provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede any other agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(g) The Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption or exclusion therefrom and, with respect to amounts that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, shall in all respects be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. In no event may the Executive, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment to be made under this Agreement. If the Executive dies following the Date of Termination and prior to the payment of the any amounts delayed on account of Section 409A of the Code, such amounts shall be paid to the personal representative of the Executive’s estate within 30 days after the date of the Executive’s death. All reimbursements and in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement that constitute deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, without limitation, that (i) in no event shall reimbursements by the Company or the Bank under this Agreement be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which the applicable fees and expenses were incurred, provided, that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; (ii) the amount of in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any given calendar year shall not affect the in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any other calendar year; (iii) the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay or provide such reimbursements and in-kind benefits may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit; and (iv) in no event shall the Company’s or the Bank’s obligations to make such reimbursements or to provide such in-kind benefits apply later than the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or if longer, through the 20th anniversary of the Effective Date). Prior to the Effective Date but within the time period permitted by the applicable Treasury Regulations, the Company may, in consultation with the Executive, modify the Agreement, in the least restrictive manner necessary and without any diminution in the value of the payments to the Executive, in order to cause the provisions of the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, so as to avoid the imposition of taxes and penalties on the Executive pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
Section 12. Survivorship . Upon the expiration or other termination of this Agreement or the Executive’s employment, the respective rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall survive to the extent necessary to carry out the intentions of the parties under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the Executive’s hand and, pursuant to the authorizations from the Board and the Bank Board, the Company and the Bank have each caused these presents to be executed in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written.
/s/ Irwin Wong |
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Irwin Wong |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
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CATHAY BANK |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
||
Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
-18-
EXHIBIT 10.10.5
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE OF CONTROL
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Change of Control Employment Agreement is made as of the 18th day of December, 2008 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Cathay Bank, a California state chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Bank ”), and Kim R. Bingham (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) and the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “ Bank Board ”), have determined that it is in the best interests of the Bank and the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) will have the continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). The Board believes it is imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to encourage the Executive’s full attention and dedication to the Company in the event of any threatened or pending Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control that ensure that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive will be satisfied and that provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements that are competitive with those of other corporations. Therefore, in order to accomplish these objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . (a) “ Effective Date ” means the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined herein) on which a Change of Control occurs. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company, (ii) the Date of Termination is prior to the date on which a Change of Control occurs, and (iii) it is reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of employment (A) was at the request of a third party that has taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (B) otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the “ Effective Date ” means the date immediately prior to such Date of Termination.
(b) “ Change of Control Period ” means the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the date hereof; provided , however , that, commencing on the date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, the “ Renewal Date ”), unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from such Renewal Date, unless, at least 60 days prior to the Renewal Date, the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.
(c) “ Affiliated Company ” means any company controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
(d) “ Change of Control ” means:
(1) Any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)) (a “ Person ”) becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (A) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Outstanding Company Common Stock ”) or (B) the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Outstanding Company Voting Securities ”); provided, however, that, for purposes of this Section 1(d), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company or (iv) any acquisition pursuant to a transaction that complies with Sections 1(d)(3)(A), 1(d)(3)(B) and 1(d)(3)(C);
(2) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “ Incumbent Board ”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board;
(3) Consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Business Combination ”), in each case unless, following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the
case may be, (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such corporation, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
(4) Approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Section 2. Employment Period . The Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) hereby agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the third anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Employment Period ”). The Employment Period shall terminate upon the Executive’s termination of employment for any reason.
Section 3. Terms of Employment . (a) Position and Duties . (1) During the Employment Period, (A) the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all respects with the most significant of those held, exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive’s services shall be performed at the office where the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or at any other location less than 35 miles from such office.
(2) During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive’s reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently such responsibilities. During the Employment Period, it shall not be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B) deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities as an employee of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that, to the extent that any such activities have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date, the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities to the Company.
(b) Compensation . (1) Base Salary . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary (the “ Annual Base Salary ”) at an annual rate at least equal to 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid or payable, including any base salary that has been
earned but deferred, to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies in respect of the 12-month period immediately preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs. The Annual Base Salary shall be paid at such intervals as the Company or the Bank (as applicable) pays executive salaries generally. During the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed at least annually, beginning no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date. Any increase in the Annual Base Salary shall not serve to limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this Agreement. The Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any such increase and the term “Annual Base Salary” shall refer to the Annual Base Salary as so increased.
(2) Annual Bonus . In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the “ Annual Bonus ”) in cash at least equal to the Executive’s highest bonus earned under the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) annual incentive plan or program, or any comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date (or for such lesser number of full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date for which the Executive was eligible to earn such a bonus, and annualized in the case of any pro rata bonus earned for a partial fiscal year) (the “ Recent Annual Bonus ”). (If the Executive has not been eligible to earn such a bonus for any period prior to the Effective Date, the “ Recent Annual Bonus ” shall mean the Executive’s target annual bonus for the year in which the Effective Date occurs.) Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later than two and a half months after the end of the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus pursuant to an arrangement that meets the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).
(3) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all cash incentive, equity incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices, policies, and programs applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case, less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of those provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies for the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(4) Welfare Benefit Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as the case may be, shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and programs provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies (including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental, disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with benefits that are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in effect for the Executive at any time during the
120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(5) Expenses . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(6) Fringe Benefits . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to fringe benefits, including, without limitation, tax and financial planning services, payment of club dues, and, if applicable, use of an automobile and payment of related expenses, in accordance with the most favorable plans, practices, programs and policies of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(7) Office and Support Staff . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(8) Vacation . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company and the Affiliated Companies as in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
Section 4. Termination of Employment . (a) Death or Disability. The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically if the Executive dies during the Employment Period. If the Company determines in good faith that the Disability (as defined herein) of the Executive has occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition of “ Disability ”), it may give to the Executive written notice in accordance with Section 11(b) of its intention to terminate the Executive’s employment. In such event, the Executive’s employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice by the Executive (the “ Disability Effective Date ”), provided that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive’s duties. “ Disability ” means the absence of the Executive from the Executive’s duties with the Company or the Bank (as applicable) on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as a result of incapacity due to
mental or physical illness that is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or the Executive’s legal representative.
(b) Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment during the Employment Period with or without Cause. “ Cause ” means:
(1) the willful and continued failure of the Executive to perform substantially the Executive’s duties (as contemplated by Section 3(a)(1)(A)) with the Company or any Affiliated Company (other than any such failure resulting from incapacity due to physical or mental illness or following the Executive’s delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company believes that the Executive has not substantially performed the Executive’s duties, or
(2) the willful engaging by the Executive in illegal conduct or gross misconduct that is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company.
For purposes of this Section 4(b), no act, or failure to act, on the part of the Executive shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company. Any act, or failure to act (A) based upon authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by the Board, or if the Company is not the ultimate parent corporation of the Affiliated Companies and is not publicly-traded, the board of directors of the ultimate parent of the Company (the “ Applicable Board ”), (B) based upon authority given by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or an executive officer of the Company that is senior to Executive or (C) based upon the advice of counsel for the Company shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in good faith and in the best interests of the Company. The cessation of employment of the Executive shall not be deemed to be for Cause unless and until there shall have been delivered to the Executive a copy of a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of not less than three-quarters of the entire membership of the Applicable Board (excluding the Executive, if the Executive is a member of the Applicable Board) at a meeting of the Applicable Board called and held for such purpose (after reasonable notice is provided to the Executive and the Executive is given an opportunity, together with counsel for the Executive, to be heard before the Applicable Board), finding that, in the good faith opinion of the Applicable Board, the Executive is guilty of the conduct described in Section 4(b)(1) or 4(b)(2), and specifying the particulars thereof in detail.
(c) Good Reason . The Executive’s employment may be terminated during the Employment Period by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Executive voluntarily without Good Reason. “ Good Reason ” means:
(1) the assignment to the Executive of any duties inconsistent in any respect with the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties or responsibilities as contemplated by Section 3(a), or any other diminution in such position, authority, duties or responsibilities (whether or not occurring solely as a result of
the Company’s ceasing to be a publicly traded entity), excluding for this purpose an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent action not taken in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(2) any failure by the Company to comply with any of the provisions of Section 3(b), other than an isolated, insubstantial and inadvertent failure not occurring in bad faith and that is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof given by the Executive;
(3) the Company’s requiring the Executive (i) to be based at any office or location other than as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(B) of this Agreement, (ii) to be based at a location other than the principal executive offices of the Company if the Executive was employed at such location immediately preceding the Effective Date, or (iii) to travel on Company business to a substantially greater extent than required immediately prior to the Effective Date;
(4) any purported termination by the Company of the Executive’s employment otherwise than as expressly permitted by this Agreement; or
(5) any action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) of this Agreement, including any failure by the Company to comply with and satisfy Section 10(c).
For purposes of this Section 4(c), any good faith determination of Good Reason made by the Executive shall be conclusive. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, a termination by the Executive for any reason pursuant to a Notice of Termination given during the 30-day period immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date shall be deemed to be a termination for Good Reason for all purposes of this Agreement. The Executive’s mental or physical incapacity following the occurrence of an event described above in clauses (1) through (5) shall not affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment for Good Reason and the Executive’s death following delivery of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason shall not affect the Executive’s estate’s entitlement to severance payments or benefits provided hereunder upon a termination of employment for Good Reason.
(d) Notice of Termination . Any termination of employment by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 11(b). “ Notice of Termination ” means a written notice that (1) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (2) to the extent applicable, sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated, and (3) if the Date of Termination (as defined herein) is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the Date of Termination (which Date of Termination shall be not more than 30 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance that contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive’s or the Company’s respective rights hereunder.
(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (1) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the Notice of Termination or any later date specified in the Notice of Termination, as the case may be, (2) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the date on which the Company notifies the Executive of such termination, (3) if the Executive resigns without Good Reason, the date on which the Executive notifies the Company of such termination, and (4) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the date of death of the Executive or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Date of Termination occur until the Executive experiences a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, and the date on which such separation from service takes place shall be the “Date of Termination.”
Section 5. Obligations of the Company upon Termination . (a) By the Executive for Good Reason; By the Company Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability . If, during the Employment Period, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment other than for Cause, Death or Disability or the Executive terminates employment for Good Reason:
(1) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall pay to the Executive, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days after the Date of Termination, the aggregate of the following amounts:
(A) the sum of (i) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (ii) the Executive’s business expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to Section 3(b)(5) but have not been reimbursed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) as of the Date of Termination; (iii) the Executive’s Annual Bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs, if such bonus has been determined but not paid as of the Date of Termination; (iv) any accrued vacation pay to the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described in subclauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the “ Accrued Obligations ”) and (v) an amount equal to the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and (II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or portion thereof that has been earned but deferred (and annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than 12 full months or during which the Executive was employed for less than 12 full months), for the most recently completed fiscal year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount, the “ Highest Annual Bonus ”) and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year through the Date of Termination and the denominator of which is 365 (the “ Pro Rata Bonus ”); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive has made an irrevocable election under any deferred compensation arrangement subject to Section 409A of the Code to defer any portion of the Annual Base Salary or Annual Bonus described in clause (i) or clause (iii) above, then for all purposes of this Section 5 (including, without limitation, Sections 5(b) through 5(d)), such deferral election, and the terms of the applicable arrangement shall apply to the same portion of the amount described in such clause (i) or clause (iii), and such portion shall not be considered as part of the “ Accrued Obligations ” but shall instead be an “ Other Benefit ” (as defined below);
(B) the amount equal to the product of (i) two and (ii) the sum of (x) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest Annual Bonus; and
(C) an amount equal to the sum of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) matching or other employer contributions under the Company’s or the Bank’s qualified defined contribution plans and any excess or supplemental defined contribution plans in which the Executive participates that the Company or the Bank (as applicable) would have made on behalf of the Executive during the two years after the Date of Termination if the Executive’s employment continued for two years after the Date of Termination (and without regard to any vesting requirement), assuming for this purpose that (i) the Executive’s compensation during the two year period is that required by Sections 3(b)(1) and 3(b)(2) and (ii) to the extent that the employer contributions are determined based on the contributions or deferrals of the Executive, that the Executive’s contribution or deferral elections, as appropriate, are those in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination; and
(2) for two years following the Date of Termination or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the appropriate plan, program, practice or policy (the applicable period hereinafter referred to as the “ Benefit Continuation Period ”), the Company or the Affiliated Companies shall provide health care and life insurance benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies providing health care and life insurance benefits and at the benefit level described in Section 3(b)(4) of this Agreement if the Executive’s employment had not been terminated or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families; provided , however , that, the health care benefits provided during the Benefit Continuation Period shall be provided in such a manner that such benefits (and the costs and premiums thereof) are excluded from the Executive’s income for federal income tax purposes and, if the Company reasonably determines that providing continued coverage under one or more of its health care benefit plans contemplated herein could be taxable to the Executive, the Company shall provide such benefits at the level required hereby through the purchase of individual insurance coverage; provided , further , however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another employer and is eligible to receive health care and life insurance benefits under another employer provided plan, the health care and life insurance benefits described herein shall be secondary to those provided under such other plan during such applicable period of eligibility. Following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, Executive shall be eligible for continued health coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or other applicable law (“ COBRA Coverage ”), as if the Executive’s employment with the Company had terminated as of the end of such period, and the Company shall take such actions as are necessary to cause such COBRA Coverage not to be offset by the provision of benefits under this Section 5(a)(2) and to cause the period of COBRA Coverage to commence at the end of the Benefit Continuation Period. For purposes of determining eligibility (but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive for retiree welfare benefits pursuant to the Company’s or the Bank’s retiree welfare benefit plans, if any, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Executive shall be considered to have remained employed until the end of the Benefit Continuation Period and to have retired on the last day of such period;
(3) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall, at its sole expense as incurred, provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and provider of which shall
be selected by the Executive in the Executive’s sole discretion, provided that the cost of such outplacement shall not exceed $50,000; and provided , further , that, such outplacement benefits shall end not later than the last day of the second calendar year that begins after the Date of Termination; and
(4) except as otherwise set forth in the last sentence of Section 6, to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any Other Benefits (as defined in Section 6) in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Sections 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2), in the event that the Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (as determined in accordance with the methodology established by the Company as in effect on the Date of Termination) (a “ Specified Employee ”), amounts that constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided under Section 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2) during the six-month period immediately following the Date of Termination (other than the Accrued Obligations) shall instead be paid, with interest on any delayed payment at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Code (“ Interest ”) determined as of the Date of Termination, or provided on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Date of Termination (the “ Delayed Payment Date ”).
(b) Death . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s death during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive’s estate or beneficiaries with the Accrued Obligations and the Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive’s estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(b) shall include, without limitation, and the Executive’s estate and/or beneficiaries shall be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most favorable benefits provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies under such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive’s estate and/or the Executive’s beneficiaries, as in effect on the date of the Executive’s death with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their beneficiaries.
(c) Disability . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s Disability during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations and Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within
30 days of the Date of Termination, provided , that in the event that the Executive is a Specified Employee, the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid, with Interest, to the Executive on the Delayed Payment Date. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(c) shall include, and the Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to disabled executives and/or their families in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with respect to other peer executives and their families at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families.
(d) Cause; Other Than for Good Reason . If, during the Employment Period, the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or the Executive voluntarily terminates employment (excluding a termination for Good Reason), the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations, and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. In such case, the Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
Section 6. Non-exclusivity of Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive’s continuing or future participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 11(f), shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the Executive may have under any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies. Amounts that are vested benefits or that the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination (“Other Benefits”) shall be payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program or contract or agreement, except as explicitly modified by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Executive’s resignation under this Agreement with or without Good Reason, shall in no way affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment by reason of the Executive’s “retirement” under, or to be eligible to receive benefits under, any compensation and benefits plans, programs or arrangements of the Company or the Affiliated Companies, including without limitation any retirement or pension plans or arrangements or substitute plans adopted by the Company, the Affiliated Companies or their respective successors, and any termination which otherwise qualifies as Good Reason shall be treated as such even if it is also a “retirement” for purposes of any such plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive receives payments and benefits pursuant to Section 5(a) of this Agreement, the Executive shall not be entitled to any severance pay or benefits under any severance plan, program or policy of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, unless otherwise specifically provided therein in a specific reference to this Agreement.
Section 7. Full Settlement; Legal Fees . The Company’s and/or the Bank’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform their obligations
hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense, or other claim, right or action that the Company or the Bank may have against the Executive or others. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and, except as specifically provided in Section 5(a)(2), such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the Executive obtains other employment. The Company or the Bank (as applicable) agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s or the Bank’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), at any time from the Effective Date through the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or, if longer, through the 20 th anniversary of the Effective Date) to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that the Executive may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or the Bank, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus, in each case, Interest determined as of the date such legal fees and expenses were incurred. In order to comply with Section 409A of the Code, in no event shall the payments by the Company or the Bank under this Section 7 be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; provided , that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.
Section 8. Certain Additional Payments by the Company . (a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding and except as set forth below, in the event it shall be determined that any Payment would be subject to the Excise Tax, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (the “ Gross-Up Payment ”) in an amount such that, after payment by the Executive of all taxes (and any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, but excluding any income taxes and penalties imposed pursuant to Section 409A of the Code, the Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the Excise Tax imposed upon the Payments. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(a), if it shall be determined that the Executive is entitled to the Gross-Up Payment, but that the Parachute Value of all Payments does not exceed 110% of the Safe Harbor Amount, then no Gross-Up Payment shall be made to the Executive and the amounts payable under this Agreement shall be reduced so that the Parachute Value of all Payments, in the aggregate, equals the Safe Harbor Amount. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (i) Section 5(a)(1)(B), (ii) Section 5(a)(1)(C), (iii) Section 5(a)(1)(A)(v) and (iv) Section 5(a)(2). For purposes of reducing the Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, only amounts payable under this Agreement (and no other Payments) shall be reduced. If the reduction of the amount payable under this Agreement would not result in a reduction of the Parachute Value of all Payments to the Safe Harbor Amount, no amounts payable under the Agreement shall be reduced pursuant to this Section 8(a) and the Executive shall be entitled to the Gross-Up Payment. The Company’s obligation to make Gross-Up Payments under this Section 8 shall not be conditioned upon the Executive’s termination of employment.
(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 8(c), all determinations required to be made under this Section 8, including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required, the amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by a nationally recognized certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Executive and reasonably acceptable to the Company (the “ Accounting Firm ”). The Accounting Firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment or such earlier time as is requested by the Company. In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, the Executive may appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up Payments that will not have been made by the Company should have been made (the “ Underpayment ”), consistent with the calculations required to be made hereunder. In the event the Company exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section 8(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive.
(c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable, but no later than 10 business days after the Executive is informed in writing of such claim. The Executive shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the date on which the Executive gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that the Company desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall:
(1) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim,
(2) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney reasonably selected by the Company,
(3) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order effectively to contest such claim, and
(4) permit the Company to participate in any proceedings relating to such claim;
provided , however , that the Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest, and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and penalties) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limitation on the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(c), the Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest, and, at its sole discretion, may pursue or forgo any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the applicable taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole discretion, either pay the tax claimed to the appropriate taxing authority on behalf of the Executive and direct the Executive to sue for a refund or to contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided , however , that, if the Company pays such claim and directs the Executive to sue for a refund, the Company shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties) imposed with respect to such payment or with respect to any imputed income in connection with such payment; and provided , further , that any extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such contested amount. Furthermore, the Company’s control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which the Gross-Up Payment would be payable hereunder, and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority.
(d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of a Gross-Up Payment or payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), the Executive becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to the Excise Tax to which such Gross-Up Payment relates or with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject to the Company’s complying with the requirements of Section 8(c), if applicable) promptly pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after payment by the Company of an amount on the Executive’s behalf pursuant to Section 8(c), a determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then the amount of such payment shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
(e) Any Gross-Up Payment, as determined pursuant to this Section 8, shall be paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting Firm’s determination; provided that, the Gross-Up Payment shall in all events be paid no later than the end of the Executive’s taxable year next following the Executive’s taxable year in which the Excise Tax (and any income or other related taxes or interest or penalties thereon) on a Payment are remitted to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority or, in the case of amounts relating to a claim described in Section 8(c) that does not result in the remittance
of any federal, state, local and foreign income, excise, social security and other taxes, the calendar year in which the claim is finally settled or otherwise resolved. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8, the Company may, in its sole discretion, withhold and pay over to the Internal Revenue Service or any other applicable taxing authority, for the benefit of the Executive, all or any portion of any Gross-Up Payment, and the Executive hereby consents to such withholding.
(f) Definitions . The following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of this Section 8.
(i) “ Excise Tax ” shall mean the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, together with any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such excise tax.
(ii) “ Parachute Value ” of a Payment shall mean the present value as of the date of the change of control for purposes of Section 280G of the Code of the portion of such Payment that constitutes a “parachute payment” under Section 280G(b)(2), as determined by the Accounting Firm for purposes of determining whether and to what extent the Excise Tax will apply to such Payment.
(iii) A “ Payment ” shall mean any payment or distribution in the nature of compensation (within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code) to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise.
(iv) The “ Safe Harbor Amount ” means 2.99 times the Executive’s “base amount,” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code.
Section 9. Confidential Information . The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and the Bank all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or the Affiliated Companies, and their respective businesses, which information, knowledge or data shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and which information, knowledge or data shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). After termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company and/or the Bank, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company or the Bank or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company or the Bank and those persons designated by the Company or the Bank. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 9 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.
Section 10. Successors . (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive, and, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Bank, shall not be assignable by the Executive other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive’s legal representatives.
(b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Bank and their respective successors and assigns. Except as provided in Section 10(c), without the prior written consent of the Executive this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company or the Bank.
(c) The Company and the Bank will require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or the Bank to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company and the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. “Company” and “Bank” mean the Company and the Bank as hereinbefore defined and any successor to their business and/or assets as aforesaid that assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 11. Miscellaneous . (a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. Subject to the last sentence of Section 11(g), this Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives.
(b) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
if to the Executive:
At the most recent address on file at the Company.
if to the Company or the Bank:
777 N. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notice and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee.
(c) The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement.
(d) The Company or the Bank (as applicable) may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.
(e) The Executive’s, the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) failure to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the failure to assert any right the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) may have hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to Sections 4(c)(1) through 4(c)(5), shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement.
(f) The Executive, the Company and the Bank acknowledge that, except as may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement between the Executive, the Company and/or the Bank, the employment of the Executive by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) is “at will” and, subject to Section 1(a), the Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement. From and after the Effective Date, except as specifically provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede any other agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(g) The Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption or exclusion therefrom and, with respect to amounts that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, shall in all respects be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. In no event may the Executive, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment to be made under this Agreement. If the Executive dies following the Date of Termination and prior to the payment of the any amounts delayed on account of Section 409A of the Code, such amounts shall be paid to the personal representative of the Executive’s estate within 30 days after the date of the Executive’s death. All reimbursements and in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement that constitute deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, without limitation, that (i) in no event shall reimbursements by the Company or the Bank under this Agreement be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which the applicable fees and expenses were incurred, provided, that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; (ii) the amount of in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any given calendar year shall not affect the in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any other calendar year; (iii) the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay or provide such reimbursements and in-kind benefits may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit; and (iv) in no event shall the Company’s or the Bank’s obligations to make such reimbursements or to provide such in-kind benefits apply later than the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or if longer, through the 20th anniversary of the Effective Date). Prior to the Effective Date but within the time period permitted by the applicable Treasury Regulations, the Company may, in consultation with the Executive, modify the Agreement, in the least restrictive manner necessary and without any diminution in the value of the payments to the Executive, in order to cause the provisions of the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, so as to avoid the imposition of taxes and penalties on the Executive pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
Section 12. Survivorship . Upon the expiration or other termination of this Agreement or the Executive’s employment, the respective rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall survive to the extent necessary to carry out the intentions of the parties under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the Executive’s hand and, pursuant to the authorizations from the Board and the Bank Board, the Company and the Bank have each caused these presents to be executed in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written.
/s/ Kim R. Bingham |
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Kim R. Bingham |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
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CATHAY BANK |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
||
Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
-18-
EXHIBIT 10.10.6
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CHANGE OF CONTROL
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Amended and Restated Change of Control Employment Agreement is made as of the 18th day of December, 2008 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Cathay Bank, a California state chartered commercial bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Bank ”), and Perry P. Oei (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) and the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “ Bank Board ”), have determined that it is in the best interests of the Bank and the Company and its stockholders to assure that the Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) will have the continued dedication of the Executive, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined herein). The Board believes it is imperative to diminish the inevitable distraction of the Executive by virtue of the personal uncertainties and risks created by a pending or threatened Change of Control and to encourage the Executive’s full attention and dedication to the Company in the event of any threatened or pending Change of Control, and to provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements upon a Change of Control that ensure that the compensation and benefits expectations of the Executive will be satisfied and that provide the Executive with compensation and benefits arrangements that are competitive with those of other corporations. Therefore, in order to accomplish these objectives, the Board has caused the Company to enter into this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . (a) “ Effective Date ” means the first date during the Change of Control Period (as defined herein) on which a Change of Control occurs. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if (i) the Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company, (ii) the Date of Termination is prior to the date on which a Change of Control occurs, and (iii) it is reasonably demonstrated by the Executive that such termination of employment (A) was at the request of a third party that has taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change of Control or (B) otherwise arose in connection with or anticipation of a Change of Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement the “ Effective Date ” means the date immediately prior to such Date of Termination.
(b) “ Change of Control Period ” means the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the third anniversary of the date hereof; provided , however , that, commencing on the date one year after the date hereof, and on each annual anniversary of such date (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, the “ Renewal Date ”), unless previously terminated, the Change of Control Period shall be automatically extended so as to terminate three years from such Renewal Date, unless, at least 60 days prior to the Renewal Date, the Company shall give notice to the Executive that the Change of Control Period shall not be so extended.
(c) “ Affiliated Company ” means any company controlled by, controlling or under common control with the Company.
(d) “ Change of Control ” means:
(1) Any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”)) (a “ Person ”) becomes the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (A) the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Outstanding Company Common Stock ”) or (B) the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Outstanding Company Voting Securities ”); provided, however, that, for purposes of this Section 1(d), the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the Company, (ii) any acquisition by the Company, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Affiliated Company or (iv) any acquisition pursuant to a transaction that complies with Sections 1(d)(3)(A), 1(d)(3)(B) and 1(d)(3)(C);
(2) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board (the “ Incumbent Board ”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the Board;
(3) Consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange or consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the acquisition of assets or stock of another entity by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “ Business Combination ”), in each case unless, following such Business Combination, (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Company Common Stock and the Outstanding Company Voting Securities, as the case may be, (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the Company or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or
more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such corporation, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (C) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement or of the action of the Board providing for such Business Combination; or
(4) Approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
Section 2. Employment Period . The Company and/or the Bank (as applicable) hereby agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the second anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Employment Period ”). The Employment Period shall terminate upon the Executive’s termination of employment for any reason.
Section 3. Terms of Employment . (a) Position and Duties . (1) During the Employment Period, (A) the Executive’s position (including status, offices, titles and reporting requirements), authority, duties and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate in all respects with the most significant of those held, exercised and assigned at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date and (B) the Executive’s services shall be performed at the office where the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date or at any other location less than 35 miles from such office.
(2) During the Employment Period, and excluding any periods of vacation and sick leave to which the Executive is entitled, the Executive agrees to devote reasonable attention and time during normal business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and, to the extent necessary to discharge the responsibilities assigned to the Executive hereunder, to use the Executive’s reasonable best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently such responsibilities. During the Employment Period, it shall not be a violation of this Agreement for the Executive to (A) serve on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees, (B) deliver lectures, fulfill speaking engagements or teach at educational institutions and (C) manage personal investments, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities as an employee of the Company in accordance with this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that, to the extent that any such activities have been conducted by the Executive prior to the Effective Date, the continued conduct of such activities (or the conduct of activities similar in nature and scope thereto) subsequent to the Effective Date shall not thereafter be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive’s responsibilities to the Company.
(b) Compensation . (1) Base Salary . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall receive an annual base salary (the “ Annual Base Salary ”) at an annual rate at least equal to 12 times the highest monthly base salary paid or payable, including any base salary that has been earned but deferred, to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies in respect of the 12-month period immediately preceding the month in which the Effective Date occurs. The Annual Base Salary shall be paid at such intervals as the Company or the Bank (as applicable)
pays executive salaries generally. During the Employment Period, the Annual Base Salary shall be reviewed at least annually, beginning no more than 12 months after the last salary increase awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date. Any increase in the Annual Base Salary shall not serve to limit or reduce any other obligation to the Executive under this Agreement. The Annual Base Salary shall not be reduced after any such increase and the term “Annual Base Salary” shall refer to the Annual Base Salary as so increased.
(2) Annual Bonus . In addition to the Annual Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, an annual bonus (the “ Annual Bonus ”) in cash at least equal to the Executive’s highest bonus earned under the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) annual incentive plan or program, or any comparable bonus under any predecessor or successor plan, for the last three full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date (or for such lesser number of full fiscal years prior to the Effective Date for which the Executive was eligible to earn such a bonus, and annualized in the case of any pro rata bonus earned for a partial fiscal year) (the “ Recent Annual Bonus ”). (If the Executive has not been eligible to earn such a bonus for any period prior to the Effective Date, the “ Recent Annual Bonus ” shall mean the Executive’s target annual bonus for the year in which the Effective Date occurs.) Each such Annual Bonus shall be paid no later than two and a half months after the end of the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus is awarded, unless the Executive shall elect to defer the receipt of such Annual Bonus pursuant to an arrangement that meets the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).
(3) Incentive, Savings and Retirement Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all cash incentive, equity incentive, savings and retirement plans, practices, policies, and programs applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with incentive opportunities (measured with respect to both regular and special incentive opportunities, to the extent, if any, that such distinction is applicable), savings opportunities and retirement benefit opportunities, in each case, less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of those provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies for the Executive under such plans, practices, policies and programs as in effect at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(4) Welfare Benefit Plans . During the Employment Period, the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as the case may be, shall be eligible for participation in and shall receive all benefits under welfare benefit plans, practices, policies and programs provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies (including, without limitation, medical, prescription, dental, disability, employee life, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs) to the extent applicable generally to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, but in no event shall such plans, practices, policies and programs provide the Executive with benefits that are less favorable, in the aggregate, than the most favorable of such plans, practices, policies and programs in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, those provided generally at any time after the Effective Date to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(5) Expenses . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the most favorable policies, practices and procedures of the Company and the Affiliated Companies in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(6) Office and Support Staff . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to exclusive personal secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive by the Company and the Affiliated Companies at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as provided generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
(7) Vacation . During the Employment Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation in accordance with the most favorable plans, policies, programs and practices of the Company and the Affiliated Companies as in effect for the Executive at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies.
Section 4. Termination of Employment . (a) Death or Disability. The Executive’s employment shall terminate automatically if the Executive dies during the Employment Period. If the Company determines in good faith that the Disability (as defined herein) of the Executive has occurred during the Employment Period (pursuant to the definition of “ Disability ”), it may give to the Executive written notice in accordance with Section 11(b) of its intention to terminate the Executive’s employment. In such event, the Executive’s employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 30th day after receipt of such notice by the Executive (the “ Disability Effective Date ”), provided that, within the 30 days after such receipt, the Executive shall not have returned to full-time performance of the Executive’s duties. “ Disability ” means the absence of the Executive from the Executive’s duties with the Company or the Bank (as applicable) on a full-time basis for 180 consecutive business days as a result of incapacity due to mental or physical illness that is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or the Executive’s legal representative.
(b) Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment during the Employment Period with or without Cause. “ Cause ” means: (i) failure to perform substantially his employment obligations (other than any such failure resulting from incapacity due to physical or mental illness or following the Executive’s notification of a termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to the Executive by the Board or, if the Company is not the ultimate parent corporation of the Company and is not publicly-traded, the board of directors of the ultimate parent of the Company (the “ Applicable Board ”) or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Applicable Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company believes that the Executive has
not substantially performed his duties; (ii) conviction of or guilty or nolo contendere plea to a felony; or (iii) willful commission of an act of fraud, dishonesty or gross misconduct which is materially and demonstrably injurious to the Company or the Bank. No act, or failure to act, on the part of the Executive shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company or the Bank. Any act, or failure to act, based upon (x) authority given pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by the Applicable Board, (y) the instructions of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) or an officer of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) senior to the Executive or (z) the advice of counsel for the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall be conclusively presumed to be done, or omitted to be done, by Executive in good faith and in the best interests of the Company and the Bank.
(c) Good Reason . The Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Executive voluntarily without Good Reason. “ Good Reason ” means: The occurrence of any of the following events after a Change of Control, without Executive’s prior written consent: (i) an adverse and significant change in Executive’s position, duties, responsibilities or status with the Company or the Bank; (ii) a change in Executive’s principal office location to a location further away from Executive’s home which is more than 30 miles from Executive’s principal office; (iii) the taking of any action by the Company or the Bank to eliminate benefit plans in which Executive participated or was eligible to participate immediately prior to a Change of Control without providing substitutes therefor, to materially reduce benefits thereunder or to substantially diminish the aggregate value of the incentive awards or other fringe benefits applicable to Executive; provided that if none of the Company, a surviving entity nor its parent following a Change of Control is a publicly-held company, the failure to provide stock-based benefits shall not be deemed Good Reason if benefits of comparable value using recognized valuation methodology are substituted therefor; and provided , further that a reduction or elimination in the aggregate of not more than 10% in aggregate benefits in connection with across the board reductions or modifications affecting similarly situated persons of executive rank in the Bank shall not constitute Good Reason; (iv) any reduction in Executive’s Annual Base Salary; or (v) any material breach by the Company or the Bank of this Agreement.
(d) Notice of Termination . Any termination of employment by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 11(b). “ Notice of Termination ” means a written notice that (1) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (2) to the extent applicable, sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated, and (3) if the Date of Termination (as defined herein) is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the Date of Termination (which Date of Termination shall be not more than 30 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive or the Company to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance that contributes to a showing of Good Reason or Cause shall not waive any right of the Executive or the Company, respectively, hereunder or preclude the Executive or the Company, respectively, from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing the Executive’s or the Company’s respective rights hereunder.
(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (1) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, the date of receipt of the Notice of Termination or any later date specified in the Notice of Termination, as the case may be, (2) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, the date on which the Company notifies the Executive of such termination, (3) if the Executive resigns without Good Reason, the date on which the Executive notifies the Company of such termination, and (4) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of death or Disability, the date of death of the Executive or the Disability Effective Date, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Date of Termination occur until the Executive experiences a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, and the date on which such separation from service takes place shall be the “Date of Termination.”
Section 5. Obligations of the Company upon Termination . (a) By the Executive for Good Reason; By the Company Other Than for Cause, Death or Disability . If, during the Employment Period, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment other than for Cause, Death or Disability or the Executive terminates employment for Good Reason:
(1) subject to Section 5(e) of this Agreement, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall pay to the Executive, in a lump sum in cash on the 30 th day following the Date of Termination, the aggregate of the following amounts:
(A) the sum of (i) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary through the Date of Termination to the extent not theretofore paid, (ii) the Executive’s business expenses that are reimbursable pursuant to Section 3(b)(5) but have not been reimbursed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) as of the Date of Termination; (iii) the Executive’s Annual Bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs, if such bonus has been determined but not paid as of the Date of Termination; (iv) any accrued vacation pay to the extent not theretofore paid (the sum of the amounts described in subclauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the “ Accrued Obligations ”) and (v) an amount equal to the product of (x) the higher of (I) the Recent Annual Bonus and (II) the Annual Bonus paid or payable, including any bonus or portion thereof that has been earned but deferred (and annualized for any fiscal year consisting of less than 12 full months or during which the Executive was employed for less than 12 full months), for the most recently completed fiscal year during the Employment Period, if any (such higher amount, the “ Highest Annual Bonus ”) and (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year through the Date of Termination and the denominator of which is 365 (the “ Pro Rata Bonus ”); provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive has made an irrevocable election under any deferred compensation arrangement subject to Section 409A of the Code to defer any portion of the Annual Base Salary or Annual Bonus described in clause (i) or clause (iii) above, then for all purposes of this Section 5 (including, without limitation, Sections 5(b) through 5(d)), such deferral election, and the terms of the applicable arrangement shall apply to the same portion of the amount described in such clause (i) or clause (iii), and such portion shall not be considered as part of the “ Accrued Obligations ” but shall instead be an “ Other Benefit ” (as defined below);
(B) the amount equal to the product of (i) one and one-half and (ii) the sum of (x) the Executive’s Annual Base Salary and (y) the Highest Annual Bonus; and
(C) an amount equal to the sum of the Company or the Bank (as applicable) matching or other employer contributions under the Company’s or the Bank’s qualified defined contribution plans and any excess or supplemental defined contribution plans in which the Executive participates that the Company or the Bank (as applicable) would have made on behalf of the Executive during the one and one-half years after the Date of Termination if the Executive’s employment continued for one and one-half years after the Date of Termination (and without regard to any vesting requirement), assuming for this purpose that (i) the Executive’s compensation during the one and one-half year period is that required by Sections 3(b)(1) and 3(b)(2) and (ii) to the extent that the employer contributions are determined based on the contributions or deferrals of the Executive, that the Executive’s contribution or deferral elections, as appropriate, are those in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination; and
(2) for one and one-half years following the Date of Termination or such longer period as may be provided by the terms of the appropriate plan, program, practice or policy (the applicable period hereinafter referred to as the “ Benefit Continuation Period ”), the Company or the Affiliated Companies shall provide health care and life insurance benefits to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family at least equal to those which would have been provided to them in accordance with the plans, programs, practices and policies providing health care and life insurance benefits and at the benefit level described in Section 3(b)(4) of this Agreement if the Executive’s employment had not been terminated or, if more favorable to the Executive, as in effect generally at any time thereafter with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families; provided , however , that, the health care benefits provided during the Benefit Continuation Period shall be provided in such a manner that such benefits (and the costs and premiums thereof) are excluded from the Executive’s income for federal income tax purposes and, if the Company reasonably determines that providing continued coverage under one or more of its health care benefit plans contemplated herein could be taxable to the Executive, the Company shall provide such benefits at the level required hereby through the purchase of individual insurance coverage; provided , further , however, that if the Executive becomes reemployed with another employer and is eligible to receive health care and life insurance benefits under another employer provided plan, the health care and life insurance benefits described herein shall be secondary to those provided under such other plan during such applicable period of eligibility. Following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, Executive shall be eligible for continued health coverage as required by Section 4980B of the Code or other applicable law (“ COBRA Coverage ”), as if the Executive’s employment with the Company had terminated as of the end of such period, and the Company shall take such actions as are necessary to cause such COBRA Coverage not to be offset by the provision of benefits under this Section 5(a)(2) and to cause the period of COBRA Coverage to commence at the end of the Benefit Continuation Period. For purposes of determining eligibility (but not the time of commencement of benefits) of the Executive for retiree welfare benefits pursuant to the Company’s or the Bank’s retiree welfare benefit plans, if any, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that, following the end of the Benefit Continuation Period, the Executive shall be considered to have remained employed until the end of the Benefit Continuation Period and to have retired on the last day of such period;
(3) the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall, at its sole expense as incurred, provide the Executive with outplacement services the scope and provider of which shall
be selected by the Executive in the Executive’s sole discretion, provided that the cost of such outplacement shall not exceed $25,000; and provided , further , that, such outplacement benefits shall end not later than the last day of the second calendar year that begins after the Date of Termination; and
(4) except as otherwise set forth in the last sentence of Section 6, to the extent not theretofore paid or provided, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall timely pay or provide to the Executive any Other Benefits (as defined in Section 6) in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Sections 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2), in the event that the Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code (as determined in accordance with the methodology established by the Company as in effect on the Date of Termination) (a “ Specified Employee ”), amounts that constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided under Section 5(a)(1) and 5(a)(2) during the six-month period immediately following the Date of Termination (other than the Accrued Obligations) shall instead be paid, with interest on any delayed payment at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2)(A) of the Code (“ Interest ”) determined as of the Date of Termination, or provided on the first business day after the date that is six months following the Date of Termination (the “ Delayed Payment Date ”).
(b) Death . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s death during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive’s estate or beneficiaries with the Accrued Obligations and the Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive’s estate or beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(b) shall include, without limitation, and the Executive’s estate and/or beneficiaries shall be entitled to receive, benefits at least equal to the most favorable benefits provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to the estates and beneficiaries of peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies under such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to death benefits, if any, as in effect with respect to other peer executives and their beneficiaries at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive’s estate and/or the Executive’s beneficiaries, as in effect on the date of the Executive’s death with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their beneficiaries.
(c) Disability . If the Executive’s employment is terminated by reason of the Executive’s Disability during the Employment Period, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations and Pro Rata Bonus and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits in accordance with the terms of the underlying plans or agreements, and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. The Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) and the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within
30 days of the Date of Termination, provided , that in the event that the Executive is a Specified Employee, the Pro Rata Bonus shall be paid, with Interest, to the Executive on the Delayed Payment Date. With respect to the provision of the Other Benefits, the term “Other Benefits” as utilized in this Section 5(c) shall include, and the Executive shall be entitled after the Disability Effective Date to receive, disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable of those generally provided by the Company and the Affiliated Companies to disabled executives and/or their families in accordance with such plans, programs, practices and policies relating to disability, if any, as in effect generally with respect to other peer executives and their families at any time during the 120-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date or, if more favorable to the Executive and/or the Executive’s family, as in effect at any time thereafter generally with respect to other peer executives of the Company and the Affiliated Companies and their families.
(d) Cause; Other Than for Good Reason . If, during the Employment Period, the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or the Executive voluntarily terminates employment (excluding a termination for Good Reason), the Company or the Bank (as applicable) shall provide the Executive with the Accrued Obligations, and the timely payment or delivery of the Other Benefits and shall have no other severance obligations under this Agreement. In such case, the Accrued Obligations (subject to the proviso set forth in Section 5(a)(1)(A) to the extent applicable) shall be paid to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination.
(e) Release and Waiver . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, Executive’s right to receive severance benefits hereunder shall be subject to Executive’s (i) execution of a release and waiver substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A and (ii) non-revocation of such release for at least seven (7) days following execution of such release, in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii), prior to the 30 th day following the Date of Termination.
Section 6. Non-exclusivity of Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive’s continuing or future participation in any plan, program, policy or practice provided by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor, subject to Section 11(f), shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as the Executive may have under any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies. Amounts that are vested benefits or that the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan, policy, practice or program of or any other contract or agreement with the Company or the Affiliated Companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination (“Other Benefits”) shall be payable in accordance with such plan, policy, practice or program or contract or agreement, except as explicitly modified by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Executive’s resignation under this Agreement with or without Good Reason, shall in no way affect the Executive’s ability to terminate employment by reason of the Executive’s “retirement” under, or to be eligible to receive benefits under, any compensation and benefits plans, programs or arrangements of the Company or the Affiliated Companies, including without limitation any retirement or pension plans or arrangements or substitute plans adopted by the Company, the Affiliated Companies or their respective successors, and any termination which otherwise qualifies as Good Reason shall be treated as such even if it is also a “retirement” for purposes of any such plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Executive receives payments and benefits pursuant to Section 5(a) of this Agreement, the Executive shall
not be entitled to any severance pay or benefits under any severance plan, program or policy of the Company and the Affiliated Companies, unless otherwise specifically provided therein in a specific reference to this Agreement.
Section 7. Full Settlement; Legal Fees . The Company’s and/or the Bank’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform their obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense, or other claim, right or action that the Company or the Bank may have against the Executive or others. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment or take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and, except as specifically provided in Section 5(a)(2), such amounts shall not be reduced whether or not the Executive obtains other employment. The Company or the Bank (as applicable) agrees to pay as incurred (within 10 days following the Company’s or the Bank’s receipt of an invoice from the Executive), at any time from the Effective Date through the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or, if longer, through the 20 th anniversary of the Effective Date) to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses that the Executive may reasonably incur as a result of any contest by the Company or the Bank, the Executive or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by the Executive about the amount of any payment pursuant to this Agreement), plus, in each case, Interest determined as of the date such legal fees and expenses were incurred; provided, however, that Executive shall be required to reimburse the Company or the Bank (as applicable) for the cost of such legal fees and expenses if the applicable fact finder determines that Executive’s claim or position is frivolous. In order to comply with Section 409A of the Code, in no event shall the payments by the Company or the Bank under this Section 7 be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; provided , that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.
Section 8. Certain Reduction of Payments by the Company or the Bank . (a) Anything in this Agreement or any other agreement between the Executive and the Company or the Bank (as applicable) to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event that a nationally-recognized accounting firm selected in the discretion of the Committee as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control (the “ Accounting Firm ”) shall determine that receipt of all payments or distributions by the Company or its Affiliated Companies in the nature of compensation to or for the Executive’s benefit, whether paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise (a “ Payment ”) would subject the Executive to the excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code, the Accounting Firm shall determine whether to reduce any of the Payments paid or payable pursuant to this Agreement (the “ Agreement Payments ”) to the Reduced Amount (as defined below). The Agreement Payments shall be reduced to the Reduced Amount only if the Accounting Firm determines that the Executive would have a greater Net After-Tax Receipt (as defined below) of aggregate Payments if the Executive’s Agreement
Payments were reduced to the Reduced Amount. If such a determination is not made by the Accounting Firm, the Executive shall receive all Agreement Payments to which the Executive is entitled under this Agreement. All determinations made by the Accounting Firm under this Section shall be binding upon the Company, the Bank and Executive and shall be made within 15 days following a termination of employment of the Executive. The reduction of the amounts payable hereunder, if applicable, shall be made by reducing the payments and benefits under the following sections in the following order: (1) Section 5(a)(1)(B), (2) Section 5(a)(1)(C), (3) Section 5(a)(1)(A)(v) and (4) Section 5(a)(2).
(b) As a result of the uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that amounts will have been paid or distributed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) to or for the benefit of the Executive pursuant to this Agreement which should not have been so paid or distributed (“ Overpayment ”) or that additional amounts which will have not been paid or distributed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) to or for the benefit of the Executive pursuant to this Agreement could have been so paid or distributed (“ Underpayment ”), in each case, consistent with the calculation of the Reduced Amount hereunder. In the event that the Accounting Firm, based upon the assertion of a deficiency by the Internal Revenue Service against either the Company or the Bank (as applicable) or the Executive which the Accounting Firm believes has a high probability of success determines that an Overpayment has been made, any such Overpayment paid or distributed by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) to or for the benefit of the Executive shall be repaid to the Company or the Bank (as applicable) together with interest at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2) of the Code; provided , however , that no such amount shall be payable by the Executive to the Company or the Bank (as applicable) if and to the extent such payment would not either reduce the amount on which the Executive is subject to tax under Section 1 and Section 4999 of the Code or generate a refund of such taxes. In the event that the Accounting Firm, based upon controlling precedent or substantial authority, determines that an Underpayment has occurred, any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) to or for the benefit of the Executive together with interest at the applicable federal rate provided for in Section 7872(f)(2) of the Code.
(c) All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm in implementing the provisions of this Section 8 shall be borne by the Company or the Bank (as applicable).
(d) For purposes of this Section 8, the following terms have the meanings set forth below:
(i) “ Net After-Tax Receipt ” shall mean the present value (as determined in accordance with Sections 280G(b)(2)(A)(ii) and 280G(d)(4) of the Code) of a Payment net of all taxes imposed on the Executive with respect thereto under Sections 1 and 4999 of the Code and under applicable state and local laws, determined by applying the highest marginal rate under Section 1 of the Code and under state and local laws which applied to the Executive’s taxable income for the immediately preceding taxable year, or such other rate(s) as the Executive certifies, in the Executive’s sole discretion, as likely to apply to him in the relevant tax year(s).
(ii) “ Reduced Amount ” shall mean the greatest amount of Agreement Payments that can be paid that would not result in the imposition of the excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code if the Accounting Firm determines to reduce Agreement Payments pursuant to Section 8(a).
Section 9. Confidential Information . The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and the Bank all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or the Affiliated Companies, and their respective businesses, which information, knowledge or data shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Affiliated Companies and which information, knowledge or data shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). After termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company and/or the Bank, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company or the Bank or as may otherwise be required by law or legal process, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company or the Bank and those persons designated by the Company or the Bank. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 9 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement.
Section 10. Successors . (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive, and, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Bank, shall not be assignable by the Executive other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive’s legal representatives.
(b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Bank and their respective successors and assigns. Except as provided in Section 10(c), without the prior written consent of the Executive this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company or the Bank.
(c) The Company and the Bank will require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company or the Bank to assume expressly and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company and the Bank would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. “Company” and “Bank” mean the Company and the Bank as hereinbefore defined and any successor to their business and/or assets as aforesaid that assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 11. Miscellaneous . (a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. Subject to the last sentence of Section 11(g), this Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives.
(b) All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
if to the Executive:
At the most recent address on file at the Company.
if to the Company or the Bank:
777 N. Broadway
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notice and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee.
(c) The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement.
(d) The Company or the Bank (as applicable) may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such United States federal, state or local or foreign taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.
(e) The Executive’s, the Company’s or the Bank’s (as applicable) failure to insist upon strict compliance with any provision of this Agreement or the failure to assert any right the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) may have hereunder, including, without limitation, the right of the Executive to terminate employment for Good Reason pursuant to Sections 4(c)(1) through 4(c)(5), shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such provision or right or any other provision or right of this Agreement.
(f) The Executive, the Company and the Bank acknowledge that, except as may otherwise be provided under any other written agreement between the Executive, the Company and/or the Bank, the employment of the Executive by the Company or the Bank (as applicable) is “at will” and, subject to Section 1(a), the Executive’s employment may be terminated by the Executive, the Company or the Bank (as applicable) at any time prior to the Effective Date, in which case the Executive shall have no further rights under this Agreement. From and after the Effective Date, except as specifically provided herein, this Agreement shall supersede any other agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.
(g) The Agreement is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exemption or exclusion therefrom and, with respect to amounts that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, shall in all respects be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment for purposes of Section 409A of the Code. In no event may the Executive, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment to be made under this Agreement. If the Executive dies following the Date of Termination and prior to the payment of the any amounts delayed on account of Section 409A of the Code, such amounts shall be paid to the personal representative of the Executive’s estate within 30 days after the date of the Executive’s death. All reimbursements and in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement that constitute deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be made or provided in
accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, without limitation, that (i) in no event shall reimbursements by the Company or the Bank under this Agreement be made later than the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which the applicable fees and expenses were incurred, provided, that the Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least 10 days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred; (ii) the amount of in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any given calendar year shall not affect the in-kind benefits that the Company or the Bank is obligated to pay or provide in any other calendar year; (iii) the Executive’s right to have the Company or the Bank pay or provide such reimbursements and in-kind benefits may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit; and (iv) in no event shall the Company’s or the Bank’s obligations to make such reimbursements or to provide such in-kind benefits apply later than the Executive’s remaining lifetime (or if longer, through the 20th anniversary of the Effective Date). Prior to the Effective Date but within the time period permitted by the applicable Treasury Regulations, the Company may, in consultation with the Executive, modify the Agreement, in the least restrictive manner necessary and without any diminution in the value of the payments to the Executive, in order to cause the provisions of the Agreement to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, so as to avoid the imposition of taxes and penalties on the Executive pursuant to Section 409A of the Code.
Section 12. Survivorship . Upon the expiration or other termination of this Agreement or the Executive’s employment, the respective rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall survive to the extent necessary to carry out the intentions of the parties under this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set the Executive’s hand and, pursuant to the authorizations from the Board and the Bank Board, the Company and the Bank have each caused these presents to be executed in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written.
/s/ Perry P. Oei |
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Perry P. Oei |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
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CATHAY BANK |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
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Name: |
Dunson K. Cheng |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer and President |
Exhibit A
Release
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP
(date)
(name)
(address)
(address)
This sets forth our agreement (the “ Agreement ”) with you, (employee’s name), (“ Employee ” or “ you ”) concerning your release of claims and covenant not to sue Cathay General Bancorp, Cathay Bank, and all owned, controlled, non-controlled, and subsidiary companies, corporations, entities, joint ventures, LLC’s and partnerships and all of their constituent partners and members (“ Employer ”). You will have a maximum of twenty-one (21) days from the time of receipt to consider this matter and if you are in agreement, seven (7) days from the time of signature to revoke your decision.
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1. |
Recitals . |
a. Your separation of employment is effective on (date), (the “ Termination Date ”).
b. You acknowledge that by this Agreement you will be agreeing to a general release of all claims arising from and in any way related to your employment with Employer through the Termination Date and in any way related to the termination of that employment.
For good and sufficient consideration, as detailed below, we agree as follows:
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2. |
Consideration To You . |
Upon the full execution of this Agreement, and at the conclusion of the seven (7) day Revocation period, Employer will pay or provide you with the amounts and benefits set forth in Section 5(a) of the Amended and Restated Change Of Control Employment Agreement, subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions provided therein (including the time and form of any such payment or benefit).
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3. |
Your Release of All Claims . |
a. You make this Agreement on behalf of yourself and your ancestors, descendants, spouse, dependents, and your executors, heirs, administrators, assigns and anyone else claiming by, through or under yourself.
b. In exchange for the consideration provided to you as described in paragraph 2 above, you hereby agree not to sue, and do hereby fully release and forever discharge Employer, including:
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i. |
its members, parents, subsidiaries, affiliates, predecessors, successors and associates, participants, present and former, and each of them, and |
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ii. |
its directors, shareholders, partners, officers, agents, owners, attorneys, servants, employees, trustees, plan administrators, fiduciaries, representatives and assigns, past and present, and each of them, |
all of which together and collectively are hereinafter referred to as “ Employer Releasees .”
c. This full release, discharge and covenant not to sue is effective with respect to all claims, known or unknown, which you ever had, now have or may hereafter claim to have had, against the Employer Releasees with respect to your employment with Employer and termination of that employment.
d. Without limiting the generality of the description in subparagraph 3.c. above, the claims herein released include, but are not limited to, claims based upon
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i. |
violations of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; |
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ii. |
the Age Discrimination Employment Act; |
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iii. |
California statutory or decisional law pertaining to employment discrimination (including the state Fair Employment and Housing Act), wrongful discharge or breach of public policy; |
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iv. |
any and all state, federal and local laws as well as common law for breach of contract, wrongful termination, employment discrimination, negligent or intentional infliction of emotional distress, defamation, fraud, concealment, false promise, negligent misrepresentation, intentional interference with contractual relations, breach of covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and misrepresentation generally; and |
e. You hereby agree that no action, suit or proceeding has been or shall be brought or complaint filed or initiated by you or any executor, heir, administrator or assign of yours in any court, or with any governmental body or commission, with respect to any matter or course of action based upon any facts that might have occurred prior to the date of this Agreement, whether known to you now or discovered by you hereafter. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, you are not waiving, releasing, and discharging claims for the consideration that you will receive under the Agreement, any vested benefits to which you may be entitled under the Company’s retirement plans or any other benefit plans, and rights to indemnification and any claims and causes of action that, as a matter of law, cannot be waived, released, and discharged.
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4. |
Waiver of § 1542 Rights . |
You expressly waive all rights related to your employment under Section 1542 of the Civil Code of the State of California, which reads as follows:
“A general release does not extend to claims which the creditor does not know or suspect to exist in his favor at the time of executing the release, which if known by him must have materially affected his settlement with the debtor.”
You acknowledge that you may have claims that are covered by the terms of this Agreement, which you have not yet discovered. You acknowledge that you intend to release any and all such unknown or unsuspected claims arising out of your employment by Employer.
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5. |
No Admission of Liability . |
You agree that this Agreement and the payment by Employer of the consideration described in Section 2 are not an admission by Employer Releasees of any wrongdoing or liability. Employer Releasees specifically deny any liability or wrongful acts against you. The parties have entered into this Agreement in order to settle all disputes and differences between them, without admitting liability or wrongdoing by any party.
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6. |
Binding Effect . |
You agree that this Agreement is binding upon yourself, your heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.
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7. |
Entire Agreement . |
You acknowledge that this Agreement constitutes the entire and exclusive agreement between Employer and you with respect to the subject matter hereof and that no other promise, inducement or agreement has been made to you in connection with the subject matter hereof.
You further acknowledge that this Agreement is not subject to modifications of any kind, except for modifications in writing, which are signed by both parties.
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8. |
Governing Law . |
The parties agree that this Agreement shall be construed and enforced pursuant to the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to principles of conflicts of laws.
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9. |
Voluntary Agreement . |
You are advised to consult with an attorney prior to executing this Agreement. You hereby acknowledge that you have read this Agreement and fully know, understand and appreciate the contents and effects thereof, and that you execute this Agreement voluntarily and of your own free will and accord. You further acknowledge that you had sufficient time to consider the Agreement and to consult with counsel of your choice and that you do not desire additional time.
I HEREBY AGREE TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE FOREGOING RELEASE OF CLAIMS AND COVENANT NOT TO SUE.
(name)
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Date: |
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CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP |
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By: |
Date: |
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Its: |
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-4-
Exhibit 12.1
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends
For the Years Ended December 31, |
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(Dollars in thousands, except ratios) |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
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Income before income tax expense |
$ | 193,578 | $ | 183,567 | $ | 151,411 | $ | (3,064 | ) | $ | (129,302 | ) | ||||||||
Plus fixed charges |
85,092 | 111,156 | 142,533 | 194,102 | 247,540 | |||||||||||||||
Earnings |
278,670 | 294,723 | 293,944 | 191,038 | 118,238 | |||||||||||||||
Fixed charges |
85,092 | 111,156 | 142,533 | 194,102 | 247,540 | |||||||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends |
10,278 | 17,093 | 17,042 | 16,998 | 16,948 | |||||||||||||||
Fixed charges and preferred stock dividends |
$ | 95,370 | $ | 128,249 | $ | 159,575 | $ | 211,100 | $ | 264,488 | ||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges |
3.27 | 2.65 | 2.06 | 0.98 | 0.48 | |||||||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividends |
2.92 | 2.30 | 1.84 | 0.90 | 0.45 |
EXHIBIT 21.1
Subsidiaries of Cathay General Bancorp | State of Incorporation |
Cathay Bank |
California |
Cathay Capital Trust I |
Delaware |
Cathay Capital Trust II |
Delaware |
Cathay Capital Trust III |
Delaware |
Cathay Capital Trust IV |
Delaware |
Cathay Statutory Trust I |
Connecticut |
GBC Venture Capital, Inc. |
California |
Subsidiaries of Cathay Bank
Cathay Community Development Corporation |
California |
Cathay Real Estate Investment Trust |
Maryland |
GBC Real Estate Investments, Inc. |
California |
Cathay Holdings LLC |
Texas |
Cathay Holdings 2, LLC |
Texas |
Cathay Holding 3, LLC |
Texas |
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors
Cathay General Bancorp:
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 33-33767, 333-133570, 333-156552, 333-161591, 333-162445, 333-163070, and 333-192636) on Form S-3 and the registration statements (Nos. 333-87225, 333-110008, 333-110009, and 333-127762) on Form S-8 of Cathay General Bancorp and subsidiaries (the Company) of our reports dated February 28, 2014, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, which reports appear in the December 31, 2013 annual report on Form 10-K of Cathay General Bancorp.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
February 28, 2014
Exhibit 24.1
POWER OF ATTORNEY
The undersigned directors and officers of Cathay General Bancorp, a Delaware corporation (the Company), hereby constitute and appoint Dunson K. Cheng and Heng W. Chen, and each of them, with full power to act without the other, as the undersigned’s true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for the undersigned and in the undersigned’s name, place and stead in the undersigned’s capacity as an officer and/or director of the Company, to execute in the name and on behalf of the undersigned an annual report of the Company on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, (the Report), under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and to file such Report, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith and any and all amendments thereto, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing necessary or desirable to be done and to take any other action of any type whatsoever in connection with the foregoing which, in the opinion of such attorney-in-fact, may be of benefit to, in the best interest of, or legally required of, the undersigned, it being understood that the documents executed by such attorney-in-fact on behalf of the undersigned pursuant to this Power of Attorney shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as such attorney-in-fact may approve in such attorney-in-fact’s discretion.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , we have hereunto set our hands this 20 th day of February, 2014.
Signature |
Title |
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/s/ Dunson K. Cheng |
President, Chairman of |
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Dunson K. Cheng |
the Board, Director, and Chief Executive Officer |
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/s/ Peter Wu |
Director | |
Peter Wu |
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/s/ Anthony M. Tang |
Director | |
Anthony M. Tang |
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/s/ Kelly L. Chan |
Director | |
Kelly L. Chan |
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/s/ Michael M.Y. Chang |
Director |
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Michael M.Y. Chang | ||
/s/ Thomas C.T. Chiu |
Director |
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Thomas C.T. Chiu | ||
/s/ Nelson Chung |
Director |
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Nelson Chung | ||
/s/ Felix S. Fernandez |
Director |
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Felix S. Fernandez | ||
/s/ Jane Jelenko |
Director |
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Jane Jelenko | ||
/s/ Patrick S.D. Lee |
Director |
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Patrick S.D. Lee | ||
/s/ Ting Liu |
Director |
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Ting Liu | ||
/s/ Joseph C.H. Poon |
Director |
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Joseph C.H. Poon |
Exhibit 31.1
I, Dunson K. Cheng, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cathay General Bancorp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:
a) |
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b) |
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
c) |
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
d) |
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) |
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b) |
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
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/ s / Dunson K. Cheng |
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Dunson K. Cheng |
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President and |
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Chief Executive Officer |
Date: February 28, 2014
Exhibit 31.2
I, Heng W. Chen, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cathay General Bancorp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:
a) |
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b) |
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
c) |
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
d) |
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) |
all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b) |
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. |
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/ s / Heng W. Chen |
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Heng W. Chen |
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Executive Vice President |
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and Chief Financial Officer |
Date: February 28, 2014
Exhibit 32.1
CEO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Cathay General Bancorp (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2013 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Dunson K. Cheng, chief executive officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
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/ s / Dunson K. Cheng |
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Dunson K. Cheng |
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President and |
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Chief Executive Officer |
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
Exhibit 32.2
CFO CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Cathay General Bancorp (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2013 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Heng W. Chen, chief financial officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
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/ s / Heng W. Chen |
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Heng W. Chen |
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Executive Vice President |
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and Chief Financial Officer |
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
Exhibit 99.1
ANNUAL CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 31 C.F.R. § 30.15
I, Dunson K. Cheng, Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer of Cathay General Bancorp, certify, based on my knowledge, that:
(i) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp has discussed, reviewed, and evaluated with senior risk officers at least every six months during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period, the senior executive officer (SEO) compensation plans and the employee compensation plans and the risks these plans pose to Cathay General Bancorp; |
(ii) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp has identified and limited during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period any features of the SEO compensation plans that could lead SEOs to take unnecessary and excessive risks that could threaten the value of Cathay General Bancorp, has identified any features of the employee compensation plans that pose risks to Cathay General Bancorp and has limited those features to ensure that Cathay General Bancorp is not unnecessarily exposed to risks; |
(iii) |
The compensation committee has reviewed, at least every six months during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period, the terms of each employee compensation plan and identified any features of the plan that could encourage the manipulation of reported earnings of Cathay General Bancorp to enhance the compensation of an employee, and has limited any such features; |
(iv) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp will certify to the reviews of the SEO compensation plans and employee compensation plans required under (i) and (iii) above; |
(v) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp will provide a narrative description of how it limited during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period the features in |
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(A) |
SEO compensation plans that could lead SEOs to take unnecessary and excessive risks that could threaten the value of Cathay General Bancorp; |
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(B) |
Employee compensation plans that unnecessarily expose Cathay General Bancorp to risks; and |
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(C) |
Employee compensation plans that could encourage the manipulation of reported earnings of Cathay General Bancorp to enhance the compensation of an employee; |
(vi) |
Cathay General Bancorp has required that bonus payments to the SEOs or any of the next twenty most highly compensated employees, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA (bonus payments), be subject to a recovery or “clawback” provision during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period if the bonus payments were based on materially inaccurate financial statements or any other materially inaccurate performance metric criteria; |
(vii) |
Cathay General Bancorp has prohibited any golden parachute payment, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, to an SEO or any of the next five most highly compensated employees during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(viii) |
Cathay General Bancorp has limited bonus payments to its applicable employees in accordance with section 111 of EESA and the regulations and guidance established thereunder during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(ix) |
Cathay General Bancorp and its employees have complied with the excessive or luxury expenditures policy, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; and any expenses that, pursuant to this policy, required approval of the board of directors, a committee of the board of directors, an SEO, or an executive officer with a similar level of responsibility were properly approved; |
(x) |
Cathay General Bancorp will permit a non-binding shareholder resolution in compliance with any applicable Federal securities rules and regulations on the disclosures provided under the Federal securities laws related to SEO compensation paid or accrued during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(xi) |
Cathay General Bancorp will disclose the amount, nature, and justification for the offering during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period of any perquisites, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, whose total value exceeds $25,000 for any employee who is subject to the bonus payment limitations identified in paragraph (viii); |
(xii) |
Cathay General Bancorp will disclose whether Cathay General Bancorp, the board of directors of Cathay General Bancorp, or the compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp has engaged during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period, a compensation consultant; and the services the compensation consultant or any affiliate of the compensation consultant provided during this period; |
(xiii) |
Cathay General Bancorp has prohibited the payment of any gross-ups, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, to the SEOs and the next twenty most highly compensated employees during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(xiv) |
Cathay General Bancorp has substantially complied with all other requirements related to employee compensation that are provided in the agreement between Cathay General Bancorp and Treasury, including any amendments; |
(xv) |
Cathay General Bancorp repaid its TARP obligation on September 30, 2013, and is therefore not required to submit to Treasury a complete and accurate list of the SEOs and the twenty next most highly compensated employees for the current fiscal year , with the non-SEOs ranked in descending order of level of annual compensation, and with the name, title, and employer of each SEO and most highly compensated employee identified; and |
(xvi) |
I understand that a knowing and willful false or fraudulent statement made in connection with this certification may be punished by fine, imprisonment, or both. (See, for example, 18 U.S.C. 1001.) |
Date: February 28, 2014
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/ s / Dunson K. Cheng |
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Dunson K. Cheng |
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President and |
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Chief Executive Officer |
Exhibit 99.2
ANNUAL CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 31 C.F.R. § 30.15
I, Heng W. Chen, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer of Cathay General Bancorp, certify, based on my knowledge, that:
(i) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp has discussed, reviewed, and evaluated with senior risk officers at least every six months during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period, the senior executive officer (SEO) compensation plans and the employee compensation plans and the risks these plans pose to Cathay General Bancorp; |
(ii) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp has identified and limited during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period any features of the SEO compensation plans that could lead SEOs to take unnecessary and excessive risks that could threaten the value of Cathay General Bancorp, has identified any features of the employee compensation plans that pose risks to Cathay General Bancorp and has limited those features to ensure that Cathay General Bancorp is not unnecessarily exposed to risks; |
(iii) |
The compensation committee has reviewed, at least every six months during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period, the terms of each employee compensation plan and identified any features of the plan that could encourage the manipulation of reported earnings of Cathay General Bancorp to enhance the compensation of an employee, and has limited any such features; |
(iv) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp will certify to the reviews of the SEO compensation plans and employee compensation plans required under (i) and (iii) above; |
(v) |
The compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp will provide a narrative description of how it limited during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period the features in |
|
(A) |
SEO compensation plans that could lead SEOs to take unnecessary and excessive risks that could threaten the value of Cathay General Bancorp; |
|
(B) |
Employee compensation plans that unnecessarily expose Cathay General Bancorp to risks; and |
|
(C) |
Employee compensation plans that could encourage the manipulation of reported earnings of Cathay General Bancorp to enhance the compensation of an employee; |
(vi) |
Cathay General Bancorp has required that bonus payments to the SEOs or any of the next twenty most highly compensated employees, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA (bonus payments), be subject to a recovery or “clawback” provision during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period if the bonus payments were based on materially inaccurate financial statements or any other materially inaccurate performance metric criteria; |
(vii) |
Cathay General Bancorp has prohibited any golden parachute payment, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, to an SEO or any of the next five most highly compensated employees during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(viii) |
Cathay General Bancorp has limited bonus payments to its applicable employees in accordance with section 111 of EESA and the regulations and guidance established thereunder during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(ix) |
Cathay General Bancorp and its employees have complied with the excessive or luxury expenditures policy, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; and any expenses that, pursuant to this policy, required approval of the board of directors, a committee of the board of directors, an SEO, or an executive officer with a similar level of responsibility were properly approved; |
(x) |
Cathay General Bancorp will permit a non-binding shareholder resolution in compliance with any applicable Federal securities rules and regulations on the disclosures provided under the Federal securities laws related to SEO compensation paid or accrued during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(xi) |
Cathay General Bancorp will disclose the amount, nature, and justification for the offering during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period of any perquisites, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, whose total value exceeds $25,000 for any employee who is subject to the bonus payment limitations identified in paragraph (viii); |
(xii) |
Cathay General Bancorp will disclose whether Cathay General Bancorp, the board of directors of Cathay General Bancorp, or the compensation committee of Cathay General Bancorp has engaged during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period, a compensation consultant; and the services the compensation consultant or any affiliate of the compensation consultant provided during this period; |
(xiii) |
Cathay General Bancorp has prohibited the payment of any gross-ups, as defined in the regulations and guidance established under section 111 of EESA, to the SEOs and the next twenty most highly compensated employees during any part of the most recently completed fiscal year that was a TARP period; |
(xiv) |
Cathay General Bancorp has substantially complied with all other requirements related to employee compensation that are provided in the agreement between Cathay General Bancorp and Treasury, including any amendments; |
(xv) |
Cathay General Bancorp repaid its TARP obligation on September 30, 2013, and is therefore not required to submit to Treasury a complete and accurate list of the SEOs and the twenty next most highly compensated employees for the current fiscal year , with the non-SEOs ranked in descending order of level of annual compensation, and with the name, title, and employer of each SEO and most highly compensated employee identified; and |
(xvi) |
I understand that a knowing and willful false or fraudulent statement made in connection with this certification may be punished by fine, imprisonment, or both. (See, for example, 18 U.S.C. 1001.) |
Date: February 28, 2014
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/ s / Heng W. Chen |
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Heng W. Chen |
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Executive Vice President |
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and Chief Financial Officer |