UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of report (Date of earliest event reported): March 27, 2012
Summer Energy Holdings, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 
 
 
Nevada
 
333-144620
 
20-2722022
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)
 
(Commission File Number)
 
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
 
800 Bering Drive, Suite 260, Houston, Texas
 
77057
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(713) 375-2790
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Castwell Precast Corporation
5641 South Magic Drive, Murray, Utah 84107
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions ( see General Instruction A.2. below):
o Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
o Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

 
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Current Report on Form 8-K ("Current Report") contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, principally in the sections entitled "Business," "Risk Factors," and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Current Report, including statements regarding future events, our future financial performance, business strategy, and our plans and objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. We have attempted to identify forward-looking statements by terminology including "anticipate," "believe," "can," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "should," or "will" or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Although we do not make forward-looking statements unless we believe we have a reasonable basis for doing so, we cannot guarantee their accuracy. These statements are only expectations and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks outlined under "Risk Factors" or elsewhere in this Current Report, which may cause our or our industry's actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements to differ from expectations. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing industry. New risks emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risk factors, nor can we address the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short term and long term business operations, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this Current Report, and in particular, the risks discussed below and under the heading "Risk Factors" and those discussed in other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission that may be incorporated into this Current Report by reference. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in this Current Report. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this Current Report may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in forward-looking statements.
You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement, each of which speaks only as of the date of this Current Report. Before you invest in our common stock, you should be aware that the occurrence of the events described in the section entitled "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Current Report could negatively affect our business, operating results, financial condition and stock price. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Current Report to conform our statements to actual results or changed expectations.
__________________________________
Item 1.01. Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.
The information set forth in Item 2.01 of this Current Report is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 2.01 Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets
On March 27, 2012, Summer Energy Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Castwell Precast Corporation), a Nevada corporation (the "Company," or the "Registrant"), closed the transaction (the "Transaction") contemplated by that certain Agreement and Plan of Contribution entered into on January 17, 2012 (the "Contribution Agreement") among the Company, Summer Energy, LLC, a Texas limited liability company ("Summer LLC"), and the individual members of Summer LLC. A copy of the Contribution Agreement was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 19, 2012, and the description contained herein of the terms of the Contribution Agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions thereof.

 

 
Name Change
Prior to the Transaction, the Company's corporate name was Castwell Precast Corporation. Upon filing an amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation with the Nevada Secretary of State, effective March 27, 2012, the Company changed its name from Castwell Precast Corporation to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc.
Acquisition of Summer Energy, LLC; Defined Terms
Upon the closing of the Transaction, the Company acquired all of the outstanding units of membership interest in Summer LLC that were held by the members of Summer LLC in exchange for the issuance by the Company of 9,697,624 shares of the Company's common stock. Summer LLC thereupon became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. As a result of the Transaction, the former members of Summer LLC now own approximately 92.3% of the Company's outstanding common stock. Summer LLC is a development stage company engaged in business as a retail electric provider ("REP") in the State of Texas.
For the convenience of the reader, in this Current Report references to "Summer LLC" shall mean Summer Energy, LLC. References to the "Company," the "Registrant," "we," our," and "us" or similar terms, refer to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Castwell Precast Corporation), and its predecessors and its subsidiaries (including Summer LLC), except where the context makes clear that the reference is only to Summer LLC.
Transaction Overview
At the closing of the Transaction, one hundred percent (100%) of the Summer LLC units of membership interest were contributed to the Company in exchange for a total of 9,697,624 shares of the Company's common stock, so that following the closing of the Transaction there were 10,504,711 shares of the Company's common stock issued and outstanding. Further, at closing, the Company assumed Summer LLC's obligations as they relate to certain warrants to purchase Summer LLC units of membership interest and as they relate to Summer LLC's contingent obligations under certain credit facility agreements. The shares of the Company's common stock issued to the former members of Summer LLC constitute restricted securities that have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and were issued in reliance upon exemptions from the registration requirements thereof.
Pursuant to the Contribution Agreement, the Company amended its articles of incorporation to: (i) implement a reverse stock split; (ii) change its name to "Summer Energy Holdings, Inc.;" and (iii) increase the Company's authorized capital stock. The Company also amended and restated its bylaws to increase the number of directors from 3 to 7, and to implement a classified board. Pursuant to the terms of the Contribution Agreement, the Company also adopted a stock option and stock award plan.
As disclosed in Item 5.02 below, at closing the Company's former officers and directors resigned from their positions and were replaced by the individuals identified in Item 5.02 pursuant to a Special Meeting of Stockholders that was held on March 15, 2012 (referred to in this Current Report as the "Special Meeting").
As described in more detail in Item 5.03 below, in connection with the Transaction, the Company effectuated a 1-for-4 reverse stock split, and cancelled 237,500 post-split shares of the Company's common stock, leaving 807,087 shares of our common stock outstanding before giving effect to the stock issuance resulting from the Transaction. All but 250,000 of the 807,087 shares outstanding immediately prior to the Transaction are restricted securities. The shares of the Company's common stock issued to the former members of Summer LLC at the closing, as well as the shares of restricted stock held by the Company's stockholders immediately prior to the closing, are subject to lock-up provisions that prohibit them from being sold in any public market unless and until: the Company has become subject to the reporting requirements of section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"); the Company has filed all reports and other materials required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as applicable, during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Company was required to file such reports and materials), other than Form 8-K reports; and a period of at least one (1) year has elapsed from the date of this filing.

 

 
Prior to the Transaction, there were no material relationships between the Company and the former members and managing members of Summer LLC, or any of their respective affiliates, directors or officers, or any associates of their respective officers or directors.
General Changes Resulting from the Transaction
Prior to the Transaction, the Company has taken the position that it was not a "shell company" as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act. Prior to the Transaction, the Company manufactured decorative window wells made from precast concrete. After the Transaction, the Company intends to carry on Summer LLC's business of being a retail electric provider in the State of Texas as its sole line of business. The Company has relocated its executive offices to those of Summer LLC at 800 Bering Drive, Suite 260, Houston, Texas 77057. The Company's telephone number is (713) 375-2790, its new fax number is (713) 375-2794, and its website is www.mysummerenergy.com. The information accessible through the Company's website does not constitute part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this Current Report. The Company will maintain its status as a "smaller reporting company," as defined under the Exchange Act, following the Transaction.
Our common stock is currently quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board ("OTCBB"), which is sponsored by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"). The OTCBB is a network of security dealers who buy and sell stock. The dealers are connected by a computer network that provides information on current "bids" and "asks," as well as volume information. Prior to the consummation of the Transaction, the Company's trading symbol was "CPXE." The Company has requested a trading symbol change with FINRA to correspond with its name change to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., in accordance with the policies of FINRA. As of the date of this Current Report, the trading symbol change request has been approved by FINRA, but a new trading symbol has not yet been assigned.
Amendment to the Company's Articles of Incorporation
On March 27, 2012 the Company's articles of incorporation were amended to provide for (i) a 1-for-4 reverse stock split (the "Reverse Split") in the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock; (ii) a change of the Company's name to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc.; and (iii) an increase in the number of authorized shares of the Company's common stock from 50,000,000 shares to 100,000,000 shares. Reference is made to Item 5.03 of this Current Report for additional information, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Reverse Split
Pursuant to the Reverse Split, which was effective immediately prior to closing of the Transaction, stockholders of the Company received one share of the Company's $0.001 par value common stock for each four shares of common stock previously held by them, thus causing the 4,178,348 shares of common stock currently outstanding to be converted to approximately 1,044,587 shares of common stock. Any stockholder of the Company that would have otherwise been entitled to a fraction of a share of Company common stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Company common stock to be received by such holder) as a result of the Reverse Split, received an additional share of Company common stock (i.e., the aggregate number of shares of Company common stock of a shareholder resulting from the Reverse Split would be rounded up to the nearest whole number). Further, in connection with, and prior to the consummation of, the Transaction, certain stockholders of the Company surrendered to the Company a total of 237,500 post-split shares of the Company's common stock so that, immediately prior to consummation of the Transaction, the Company had a total of 807,087 post-split shares of its common stock issued and outstanding and 25,000 post-split shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding warrants. At closing the Company issued 9,697,624 post-split shares of its common stock to the members of Summer LLC on a 1-for-1 basis in exchange for their Summer LLC units of membership interest, causing the former Summer LLC members to own approximately 92.3% of the Company's issued and outstanding common stock immediately after the closing. The outstanding warrants and convertible obligations of Summer LLC were converted into the right to receive shares of the Company's common stock on the same terms and conditions as contained in such warrants and convertible obligations. Reference is made to Item 5.03 of this Current Report for additional information, which is incorporated by reference herein.

 

 
Stock Option and Stock Award Plan
In connection with, and prior to the consummation of, the Transaction, the Company adopted a stock option and stock award plan. Reference is made to Item 5.02 of this Current Report for additional information, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Amendment and Restatement of the Bylaws of the Company.
On March 27, 2012, the Company's Bylaws were amended and restated. The Amended and Restated Bylaws increase the number of directors from 3 to 7, provide for a classified board, and otherwise update the bylaws. Reference is made to Item 5.03 of this Current Report for additional information, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Changes to the Board of Directors and New Officers
Pursuant to the Special Meeting of Stockholders held on March 15, 2012, and as required by the Contribution Agreement, on March 27, 2012 the Company's directors resigned and were replaced by Rod Danielson, Jaleea George, Stuart Gaylor, Mace Meeks, Michael Vanderhoof, James Stapleton and Andrew Priest. Pursuant to the Contribution Agreement, on March 27, 2012 the officers of the Company also resigned and the directors elected Rod Danielson as President and Chief Executive Officer and Jaleea George as Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer. Reference is made to Item 5.02 of this Current Report for additional information, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Accounting Treatment; Change of Control
The Transaction is being accounted for as a "reverse acquisition," as the former members of Summer LLC own a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company's common stock immediately following the Transaction. As a result of the issuance of the shares of the Company's common stock pursuant to the Transaction, a change in control of the Company occurred on the date of the consummation of the Transaction. Except as described herein, no arrangements or understandings exist among present or former controlling stockholders with respect to the election of members of the Company's board of directors and, to our knowledge, no other arrangements exist that might result in a future change of control of the Company. The Company will continue to be a "small business issuer," as defined under the Exchange Act following the Transaction.
FORM 10 DISCLOSURE
As disclosed elsewhere in this Current Report, on March 27, 2012, pursuant to the Contribution Agreement we acquired Summer LLC in a reverse acquisition transaction. Item 2.01(f) of Form 8-K states that if the registrant was a shell company immediately before the reverse acquisition transaction disclosed under Item 2.01, then the registrant must disclose the information that would be required if the registrant were filing a general form for registration of securities on Form 10 upon consummation of the transaction. While we believe that the Company was not a shell company (as that term is defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) prior to the closing of the Transaction, in the interest of full disclosure we are providing the information that would be included in a Form 10 if we were to file a Form 10. Except as otherwise indicated, the information provided below relates to the combined enterprises after the acquisition of Summer LLC.
BUSINESS
As noted above, the Company's business operations will be conducted through Summer LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary. Summer LLC is a Texas limited liability company that has been licensed within the State of Texas as a Retail Electric Provider ("REP") by the Public Utility Commission of Texas ("PUCT"). As stated above, references to the "Company," the "Registrant," "we," our," and "us" or similar terms, refer to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Castwell Precast Corporation), and its predecessors and its subsidiaries (including Summer LLC), except where the context makes clear that the reference is only to Summer LLC.

 

 
Description of Our Company and Predecessor
The Company was incorporated in the State of Nevada under the name Castwell Precast Corporation on March 25, 2005. Prior to the consummation of the Transaction, the Company's principal business activity, carried out entirely through its wholly-owned subsidiary Castwell Precast, Inc. (the "Castwell Subsidiary"), was the manufacture and installation of decorative window wells made from precast concrete. The Castwell Subsidiary was incorporated in the State of Utah on March 24, 2005.
Moving forward, the Company intends to cease the business of manufacturing and installing decorative window wells, and will, instead, conduct the business of purchasing and reselling electric power within the State of Texas through its wholly owned subsidiary Summer LLC.
Overview
As a result of the Transaction, the Company will now carry on, through Summer LLC, the business of an REP in the State of Texas, with head offices located at 800 Bering Drive, Suite 260, Houston, Texas 77057. The Company's telephone number is (713) 375-2790, its fax number is (713) 375-2794, and its website is www.mysummerenergy.com. The information accessible through the Company's website does not constitute part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this Current Report.
Summer LLC was organized as a Texas limited liability company on April 6, 2011, by the filing of a certificate of organization with the Texas Secretary of State. In September of 2011, Summer LLC was awarded a license by the PUCT to operate as an REP in Texas. In general, Texas regulatory structure permits REPs, such as Summer LLC, to procure and sell electricity at unregulated prices. REPs pay the local transmission and distribution utilities a regulated tariff rate for delivering electricity to their customers. As a REP, we sell electricity and provide the related billing, customer service, collections and remittance services to residential and commercial customers. We will offer our customers competitive electricity rates, flexible payment and pricing choices, simple offers with understandable terms, and responsive customer service.
We intend to offer retail electricity to commercial and residential customers in designated target markets within the State of Texas. In the commercial market, the primary target will be small to medium-sized customers (less than one megawatt of peak usage), but we will also selectively pursue larger commercial customers through management's existing, historical relationships. Residential customers are a secondary target market. We anticipate that a majority of our customers will be located in the Houston and Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan areas; although, we anticipate a growing number will be located in a variety of other metropolitan and rural areas within Texas.
We plan to rely upon established relationships and low-cost branding programs to attract commercial and residential customers. We intend to evaluate opportunities to expand our areas of operations within Texas as certain market regions elect to opt-in to deregulation. In addition, we intend to evaluate and pursue opportunities to acquire other REPs to the extent these acquisitions would provide value to us.
In most jurisdictions, we will be required to enter into agreements with local transmission and distribution service providers for use of the local distribution and transmission systems and operation of functional interfaces necessary for us to serve our customers. With respect to energy supply, we will utilize wholesale purchase agreements with wholesale energy providers. We will serve as our own qualified scheduling entity for open market purchases and sales of electricity, forecasting our energy demand, and conducting procurement activities through an experienced team of professionals. The forecast for electricity load requirements will be based on our aggregate customer base currently served and anticipated weather conditions, as well as forecasted customer acquisition and attrition. We plan to continuously monitor and update our supply positions based on our retail demand forecasts and market conditions. Our policy will be to maintain a balanced supply/demand book to limit commodity risk exposure. At this time, we do not plan on maintaining a financial book in addition to our physical supply/demand book for risk-hedging purposes.
We began delivering electricity to customers in mid-February, 2012, beginning with a group of friends and family residential accounts, one large commercial customer, and several small commercial customers. In mid-March, 2012, Summer LLC acquired a portfolio of approximately 2,500 primarily short-term residential customers from an REP that exited the market.

 

 
As of March 27, 2012, we had 9 full-time employees and no part time employees or independent contractors.
Regulatory Environment and the Texas Retail Electric Market
Deregulation of the wholesale electricity market in Texas began in 1995, enabling independent power generators and/or suppliers to: (i) establish operations in Texas alongside those of the regulated utilities; and (ii) gain access to the transmission capabilities of the power grid. Additional legislation in 1999 created an integrated marketplace by linking generators, transmission and delivery companies, REPs, and the independent grid operator, which is the Electric Reliability Council of Texas ("ERCOT"). As a result of these legislative developments, former integrated utilities were essentially split apart into three business segments: (1) unregulated wholesale power generators; (2) regulated transmission and distribution service providers ("TDSPs"); and (3) unregulated REPs.
In the market, REPs that were spun off from previously integrated utilities are referred to as "affiliated REPs." When affiliated REPs operate in their incumbent markets (an incumbent market refers to those areas previously served by the integrated utility), they are sometimes referred to as "incumbent REPs." Incumbent REPs are subject to restrictions on their ability to compete on price in their incumbent markets in order to foster competition. The two largest affiliated REPs in Texas are TXU and Reliant Energy, situated in the Dallas/Ft. Worth and Houston areas, respectively.
The primary responsibilities of an REP in Texas include customer account initiation and termination, energy supply management and scheduling, billing/remittance processing, and customer service. All REPs must be certified by ERCOT to operate in within the Texas market.
ERCOT was founded in 1970, and it oversees all aspects of the Texas power grid for the deregulated market. Under deregulation, ERCOT serves as the Independent System Operator ("ISO") of the power grid and enables REPs, generators, TDSPs, and ultimately customers, to operate in a deregulated marketplace. ERCOT is responsible for coordinating and monitoring all communications by and between the power generator, the retail electric provider and the TDSP, including customer sign up, meter reading and billing between the end user, power generator and the REP.
Subsequent Legislative Developments in Texas
Following its initial efforts at deregulation, Texas adopted subsequent legislation that: (i) allowed retail customers situated in the ERCOT region of Texas to choose an REP; (ii) permitted REPs who are not affiliated with an incumbent utility in a particular market to, with certain exceptions, directly disconnect customers who fail to pay their power bills in a timely manner; and (iii) removed pricing restrictions otherwise known as "Price to Beat" from Incumbent/affiliated REPs, creating a true deregulated competitive market.
Markets Outside of Texas
If the Company enters deregulated markets outside of Texas, we will be required to operate within the specific regulatory environment of such state or region. The rules in the other markets vary from Texas, with some aspects being more favorable and some less favorable than Texas. We will evaluate the regulatory environment of each market, in addition to other operational, financial and customer considerations, before determining whether to pursue other market area opportunities. At this time, we have not formulated any plans to enter markets outside of Texas, and we will not enter other markets until such time as we have secured a stable market position within Texas.
Marketing and Sales
The Company plans to implement a multi-tiered marketing and sales strategy. The short-term emphasis will be on controlled growth, utilizing indirect marketing through third-party relationships. Indirect marketing efforts, including the following, allow the Company to facilitate growth while keeping expenses low by avoiding the expense associated with creating and managing a full sales team:

 

 
 
 
 
 
Aggregators, Brokers, Consultants - often referred to as "ABC's" in the retail power industry;
 
 
 
 
Affinity Programs - airline miles, credit card points, and participating gift cards;
 
 
 
 
Multifamily Housing Programs - incentivizing property management companies based on referrals to their tenants;
 
 
 
 
Referrals - reaching out to individuals connected to the community and providing incentives for sign ups; and
 
 
 
 
Charitable Programs - enhancing referral programs and offering customers the chance to donate referral fees to local charitable organizations.
As the Company grows, we expect to achieve long-term growth by building our in-house sales team to manage our third-party, as well as our direct marketing efforts. Our direct marketing efforts will include, without limitation:
 
 
 
 
In-house sales staff focused on small to medium sized commercial sales;
 
 
 
 
Face-to-face marketing, including presentations, customer meetings, and business development through newly-formed relationships with consumers (a/k/a cold calling);
 
 
 
 
Responding to website inquiries from commercial businesses;
 
 
 
 
Identifying opportunities in underserved markets (e.g. South Texas and West Texas); and
 
 
 
 
Community Involvement - establishing our brand throughout the community by giving back and volunteering our time and assistance.
Relationship marketing will play a key role in both channels and should facilitate growth in the marketplace.
Competition and Perceived Competitive Advantages
As more fully set forth under the heading entitled "Risk Factors," the Company will face competition from many competitors who have significantly greater financial resources, well-established brand names, and large, existing installed customer bases. We expect the level of competition to intensify in the future. We also expect significant competition from incumbent, traditional, and new electricity providers which may be better capitalized than the Company.
It is understood that there is significant competition in the retail electric market; however, most established competitors target the larger customer segment such as large commercial and industrial operations. This creates a niche that we will aggressively target. We intend to focus on small to medium size commercial, residential, and select large businesses in our core marketing efforts. We believe this market segment will yield a higher per-unit-margin with improved customer loyalty.
The Company anticipates the addition of new market participants. Recent entries into the marketplace include single-client companies established for a select number of large electricity users such as refineries or industrial plants. These new participants' strategy is to focus most of their marketing dollars on high-end users, as they assume the larger customers provide the highest return. The Company plans to differentiate its strategy by focusing on the small to mid-size customer segment and build lasting relationships through excellent customer service, flexible terms, unique sales techniques, and competitive pricing.
The Company's present management and staff have significant experience working in the Texas retail energy market, beginning with the former Gexa Corp ("Gexa"). Gexa was one of the first REPs in Texas and was noted for its rapid and successful growth. Management and staff also have experience with Horizon Power and Light, LLC, which conducuts retail energy operations in Maryland, the District of Columbia and Massachusetts. Horizon Power and Light, LLC has built a profitable customer base in the Northeast. We believe management's experience with these entities will contribute to management's ability to market and grow the Company into a successful retail electricity provider in Texas.
Because of management's prior experience, management and staff have developed and maintained strong connections with agents, brokers, property owners and others in the Texas market. Through these relationships, the Company anticipates building sales momentum.

 

 
Intellectual Property
The Company has not applied for any patents and has not attempted to register any trademarks or copyrights at this time. The Company has not spent any time since its inception on research and development activities.
Additional Information
As more fully set forth under the heading entitled "Risk Factors," the Company is subject to governmental regulation and will face additional costs in complying with such regulations. At this time, the Company does not have an estimate of its annual regulatory compliance costs.
RISK FACTORS
You should consider carefully the risks, uncertainties and other factors described below, in addition to the other information set forth in this report. If any of these risks were to occur, our business, affairs, prospects, assets, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected, and any such risks could adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities. See also "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."
In General
Risks Factors Related to Our Business and Industry
We have a limited operating history and limited historical financial information upon which you may evaluate our performance.
You should consider, among other factors, our prospects for success in light of the risks and uncertainties encountered by companies that, like us, are in their early stages of development. Summer LLC, the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary that will be conducting the Company's business operations, has conducted little, if any, operations in the recent past. We may not successfully address the usual and ordinary risks and uncertainties associated with being an early stage company or successfully implement our existing and new products and services. If we fail to do so, it could materially harm our business. Even if we accomplish these objectives, we may not generate the positive cash flows or profits we anticipate in the future. Unanticipated problems, expenses and delays are frequently encountered in establishing a new business and developing new products and services. These include, but are not limited to, inadequate funding, lack of consumer acceptance, competition, product development, and inadequate sales and marketing. Our failure to meet any of these conditions would have a material adverse effect upon us and may force us to reduce or curtail our operations. No assurance can be given that we will operate profitably. Even though we are being managed by individuals with significant industry experience, our limited operating history makes it difficult to predict the long-term success of our business model.
We depend on key personnel.
For the foreseeable future, our success will depend largely on management's industry knowledge, marketing skills and relationships with key investors, customer bases, and industry leaders. The Company will have employment agreements with management and other key personnel. Should any of these individuals leave the Company, it may have a material adverse effect on our future results of operations.

 

 
Recourse to the Company's assets.
Outside of our wholesale contracts, our customer contracts, and our REP certificate, the Company currently has limited assets that are available to satisfy liabilities and other obligations of the Company. If the Company becomes subject to a liability, parties seeking to have the liability satisfied may have recourse to the Company's assets.
We will indemnify Management and the members of the Board of Directors.
These key decision-makers will be entitled to indemnification from the Company except in certain circumstances, as more fully set forth in the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws.
Stockholders shall have no right to participate in management of the Company.
Stockholders in the Company will not have the right to participate in the management of the Company or in decisions made by the Management on the Company's behalf. As a result, stockholders will have almost no control over their investments in the Company or their prospects with respect thereto.
Uncertain economic conditions.
Recent economic events have created uncertainty with respect to the condition of the economy in the United States. Certain economic factors and indicators have suggested that such events have had a substantial negative effect on the economies of the United States and Texas. Furthermore, several industries have experienced financial difficulties. In addition, there have been material adverse effects on the world's economies caused by illegal activities in the business and accounting professions resulting in significant declines in the United States equity markets. Other equity markets have been similarly affected. It is impossible to determine at this time the long-term effects of these events and conditions on the economy. Any negative change in the general economic conditions could adversely affect the financial condition and our operating results. Unforeseen incidents, such as terrorist attacks, corporate fraud or general weakness in the economy, could have a negative impact on the overall economic state of the market in which we intend to market and utilize our products and services. The Company may experience difficulty in raising additional capital necessary for expenses and growth, may experience underfunding due to the timing of payments received and due to the seasonality of the Texas market and customer electricity usage.
Adequacy of funds for operations or capital expenditures.
To the extent that the Company's expenses increase, unanticipated expenses arise, or capital expenditures are necessary, and accumulated reserves are insufficient to meet such expenses, the Company may be required to obtain cash advances and additional funds through borrowing or additional equity raises, if available. Such debt and/or equity raises may have a material negative adverse effect on the Company's profitability.
We are wholly dependent on power generators.
We will rely on a limited number of suppliers of wholesale electricity in order to meet our customers' needs. The unavailability of electricity from one or more of our suppliers at times of high demand could have an adverse impact on our financial condition if we are forced to purchase substantial electricity supply in the open market to meet customer demand at a time when energy prices are volatile.
Presently, we have entered into a wholesale credit agreement with a provider that will allow us to purchase electricity in Texas with the credit backing of the provider. At the time of this Current Report on From 8-K, this is our only agreement in place to purchase wholesale electricity. Under this agreement, we have granted the provider a first lien on our receivables, assets and contracts. All payments received by the Company from customers will be placed in a lock-box and distributed to the Company after the provider has received payment for the wholesale electricity. Other providers may require similar credit terms as we negotiate similar contracts.

 

 
Our REP certification is subject to PUCT review.
The PUCT (the Public Utility Commission of Texas) may at any time initiate an investigation into whether our operations comply with PUCT rules and whether we have met all of the requirements for REP certification, including financial requirements. Any revocation of our REP certification would mean that we would no longer be allowed to provide electricity to retail customers. Such decertification would undoubtedly have a material effect on our results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition.
Volatile energy prices and regulatory risk.
Sustained high energy prices and/or ongoing price volatility also creates a risk of increased regulatory and/or legislative intervention, which may limit our flexibility within the deregulated market. In addition, ERCOT possesses significant regulatory control over our business. Factors outside of our control may cause ERCOT to change its regulatory structure at any time, which may have an adverse effect upon our business. Additionally, the PUCT may impose rules and regulations that adversely affect the Company's operations, finances and business practices.
The Company believes that competitive markets yield a broad range of innovative prices and service alternatives to consumers and ultimately lead to the most efficient use of resources. We believe regulatory entities should continue to take actions that encourage competition in the industry, but no assurance can be given that this will be the case. Regulatory and/or legislative intervention could disrupt the relationship in electricity prices, which could impact the Company's results of operations. The Company's earnings and cash flows may also be adversely affected in any period in which the demand for power significantly varies from forecasted supply, which may occur due to, among other factors, weather events, competition and economic conditions.
Reliance on transmission and distribution service providers ("TDSPs") affiliated with our competitors to perform some functions for our customers.
Under our regulatory structure, we will be required to enter into agreements with local incumbent utilities for use of the local distribution systems, and for the creation and operation of functional interfaces necessary for us to serve our customers. While we are optimistic about our ability to enter into acceptable agreements in Texas, any delay in future negotiations for access or our inability to enter into reasonable agreements to operate could delay or negatively impact our ability to serve our customers, which could have a material negative impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
We are dependent on TDSPs for maintenance of the infrastructure through which we deliver electricity to our retail customers. Any infrastructure failure that interrupts or impairs delivery of electricity to our customers could negatively impact the satisfaction of our customers with our service and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow. Additionally, we are dependent on TDSPs for performing service initiations and changes, and for reading our customers' energy meters. We are required to rely on the TDSPs, or, in some cases, ERCOT, to provide us with our customers' information regarding energy usage, and we may be limited in our ability to confirm the accuracy of the information. The provision of inaccurate information or delayed provision of such information by the TDSPs or ERCOT could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and cash flow. In addition, any operational problems with our new systems and processes could similarly have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and cash flow. Further, we rely on the TDSPs to properly repair and maintain electrical lines in outages, severe weather which may produce a delay in providing service to the Company's customers which can negatively impact the Company.
We are subject to government regulation and extensive government regulation may increase our costs and slow our growth.
Significant regulations imposed at the federal, state, and local levels govern the provision of utility services and affect our business and our existing and potential competitors. Delays in receiving required regulatory approvals, the enactment of adverse legislation, regulations or regulatory requirements, or the application of existing laws and regulations to certain services may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. In addition, future legislative, judicial and regulatory agency actions could alter competitive conditions in the markets in which we intend to operate, in ways not necessarily to our advantage.

 

 
In addition, ERCOT has and may continue to modify the market structure and other market mechanisms in an attempt to improve market efficiency. Moreover, existing regulations may be revised or reinterpreted and new laws and regulations may be adopted or become applicable to our commercial activities. These actions could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial conditions and cash flows.
New legislation or regulation.
We cannot determine what effect additional state or federal governmental legislation, regulations, or administrative orders, when and if promulgated, would have on our business in the future. New legislation or regulations may require the reformulation of our business to meet new standards, require us to cease operations, impose stricter qualification and/or registration standards, impose additional record keeping, or require expanded consumer protection measures.
Reliance on information technology systems; Collection of sensitive customer data.
Our business is dependent on information sharing among market participants (including ERCOT, the TDSPs, and third-party service providers). This information includes customer enrollment information, ERCOT transactions, meter readings, invoices for wire line charges, etc. Therefore, our success as an independent REP is impacted by our ability to handle this information and we are dependent on third parties to provide timely and accurate information to us. We rely on a combination of internal systems including telephone, Internet, load forecasting, as well as systems operated by third parties. Failure to receive timely and accurate information could have an adverse impact on our business.
We have implemented, or intend to implement, both processes and infrastructure to provide for redundancy of core data due to business interruption associated with our billing platform; however, that is only one component of our business model. In addition, our systems and those we rely upon from third parties need continued development and investment to ensure reliability and scalability as our business grows at a rapid rate.
Despite the implementation of security measures, our networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses and other disruptive problems. A party who is able to circumvent security measures could misappropriate proprietary information or cause interruptions in our Internet operations. We may be required to expend significant capital or other resources to protect against the threat of security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such breaches. Although we intend to continue to implement industry-standard security measures, there can be no assurance that measures implemented by us will not be circumvented in the future.
Our business requires access to sensitive customer data in the ordinary course of business. Examples of sensitive customer data are names, addresses, account information, historical electricity usage, expected patterns of use, payment history, credit bureau data, credit and debit card account numbers, drivers license numbers, social security numbers and bank account information. We may need to provide sensitive customer data to vendors and service providers who require access to this information in order to provide services. It is possible that our security controls over personal data, our training of employees and consultants on data security, and other practices we follow may not prevent the improper disclosure of personally identifiable information. If a significant breach occurred, the our reputation may be adversely affected, customer confidence may be diminished, or our business may be subject to legal claims, any of which may contribute to the loss of customers and have a negative impact on the business and/or results of operations.
Certain political and natural events may affect our Company.
Catastrophic events or geo-political conditions may disrupt our business. A disruption or failure of our systems or operations in the event of a major earthquake, weather event, cyber-attack, terrorist attack, or other catastrophic event or natural disaster could cause delays in performing critical functions. A catastrophic event that results in the destruction or disruption of any of our critical business or information technology systems could harm our ability to conduct normal business operations and our operating results.

 

 
Weather and other related commodity risks may affect our ability to manage and maintain a balanced supply/demand book.
Commitments for future purchase of electricity supply (forward power contracts) are based not only on our expected customer base at a given point in time, but also weather forecasts for the geographical areas in which we operate. We plan to maintain a long position in our forward power contracts (contracted electricity supply purchases are slightly greater than forecasted demand by our customers) to minimize the need to purchase power on the balancing markets at varying market prices. However, fluctuations in actual weather conditions may have an impact on the actual power needs of customers on a given day. Extreme weather conditions may force us to purchase electricity in the balancing market on days when weather is unexpectedly severe, and the pricing for balancing market energy may be significantly higher on such days than the cost of electricity in our forward contracts. Unusually mild weather conditions could leave us with excess power which may be sold in the balancing market at a loss if the balancing market price is lower than the Company's forward contract prices.
Commodity pricing is an inherent component of our business operations and our financial results. The prevailing market prices for electricity and fuel may fluctuate substantially over relatively short periods of time, potentially adversely impacting our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows. Changes in market prices for electricity and fuel may result from any of the following: 
 
 
 
 
weather conditions;
 
 
 
 
seasonality;
 
 
 
 
demand for energy commodities and general economic conditions;
 
 
 
 
forced or unscheduled plant outages;
 
 
 
 
disruption of electricity or gas transmission or transportation infrastructure or other constraints or inefficiencies;
 
 
 
 
addition of generating capacity; 
 
 
 
 
availability of competitively priced alternative energy sources;
 
 
 
 
availability and levels of storage and inventory for fuel stocks;
 
 
 
 
natural gas, crude oil and refined products, and coal production levels;
 
 
 
 
the creditworthiness or bankruptcy or other financial distress of market participants;
 
 
 
 
changes in market liquidity;
 
 
 
 
natural disasters, wars, embargoes, acts of terrorism and other catastrophic events; and
 
 
 
 
federal and state governmental regulation and legislation.
We may have difficulty obtaining a sufficient number of customers.
We anticipate that we will incur significant costs as we enter new markets and pursue customers by utilizing a variety of marketing methods. In order for us to recover these expenses, we must attract and retain a large number of customers. While the Company is optimistic, there can be no assurance that efforts to secure customers will provide the revenue base needed to succeed in Texas and/or expand into additional markets.
We may experience difficulty attracting customers because many customers may be reluctant to switch to a new supplier for a commodity as critical to their well being as electric power. A major focus of our ongoing marketing efforts will be to demonstrate to potential customers that we will be a reliable provider with sufficient resources to meet our commitments. If our marketing strategy does not prove to be successful, our business, results of operations, and financial condition will be materially adversely affected.
We bear the credit risk and billing responsibility for our customers.
In Texas, the sole market in which we currently operate, we are responsible for the billing and collection functions for our customers. As we seek to expand our operations into additional markets, the billing and collection functions may also be our responsibility. In many of these markets, we may be limited in our ability to terminate service to customers who are delinquent in payment. Even if we terminate service to customers who fail to pay their electricity bill in a timely manner, we may remain liable to our suppliers and to the local utilities for services related to the transmission and distribution of the electricity. The failure of our customers to pay their bills in a timely manner or our failure to maintain adequate billing and collection programs could materially adversely affect our business.

 

 
We may not be able to manage our growth successfully.
The development of our operations will depend upon, among other things, our ability to create and expand our customer base in Texas and to enter new markets in a timely manner and at reasonable costs. In addition, we anticipate that our employee base will grow in order for us to accommodate our increased customer base. We may experience difficulty managing the growth of a portfolio of customers that is diverse both with respect to the types of services they will require, the market rules in their jurisdiction and the infrastructure required to deliver electricity to those customers. Expanding our operations may also require continued development of our operating and financial controls and may place additional stress on our management, finances and operational resources. If we are unable to manage our growth and development successfully, our operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
We will face strong competition from incumbent utilities and other competitors.
The market in which the Company operates is highly competitive. The Company will face competition from many competitors with significantly greater financial resources, well-established brand names and large, existing installed customer bases. We expect the level of competition to intensify in the future. We expect significant competition from incumbent, traditional, and new electricity providers which may be better capitalized than the Company.
In most markets, our principal competitor may be the local incumbent utility's unregulated affiliates. These affiliates have the advantage of long-standing relationships with their customers, and they may have longer operating histories, greater financial and other resources and greater name recognition in their markets than we do. In addition, incumbent utilities have been subject to regulatory oversight, in some cases for close to a century, and thus have a significant amount of experience regarding the regulators' policy preferences as well as a critical economic interest in the outcome of proceedings concerning their revenues and terms and conditions of service.
Some of our competitors, including affiliated retailers, have formed alliances and joint ventures in order to compete in the restructured, deregulated retail electricity industry. Many customers of these incumbent utilities may decide to stay with their long-time energy provider if they have been satisfied with its service in the past.
In addition to competition from the incumbent utilities and their affiliates, we face competition from a number of other energy service providers, including start-up companies focusing on internet marketing and online services, and other energy industry participants who may develop businesses that will compete with us in both local and national markets. Many of these competitors or potential competitors are larger than the Company and have access to more significant capital resources.
Payment defaults by other REPs to ERCOT.
In the event of a default by an REP of its payment obligations to ERCOT, the portion of that obligation that is unrecoverable by ERCOT from the defaulting REP is assumed by the remaining market participants in proportion to each participant's load ratio. As an REP and market participant in ERCOT, we may have to pay a portion of the amount owed to ERCOT should such a default occur, and ERCOT is not successful in recovering such amounts. As an early stage company, any such default of an REP in its obligations to ERCOT could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial conditions and cash flows.
ERCOT has experienced problems with its information systems.
Problems in the flow of information between ERCOT, TDSPs, and the REPs have resulted in delays and other problems in enrolling and billing customers. When customer enrollment transactions are not successfully processed by all involved parties, ownership records in the various systems supporting the market are not synchronized properly and subsequent transactions for billing and settlement are adversely affected. The impact may mean that we are not listed as the electric provider-of-record for intended or agreed upon time periods, delays in receiving customer consumption data that is necessary for billing and settlement either through ERCOT or directly with TDSPs, as well as the incorrect application of rates or prices and imbalances in our electricity supply forecast and actual sales.

 

 
Our revenues and results of operations may be adversely impacted by the ERCOT market's recent transition from a zonal to a nodal wholesale market structure.
Substantially all of our business is or will be located in the ERCOT market, which has recently transitioned from a zonal market structure with four congestion management zones to a nodal market structure that directly manages congestion on a localized basis. In a nodal market, the prices received and paid for electric power are based on pricing determined at specific interconnection points on the transmission grid (i.e., Locational Marginal Pricing), which could result in lower revenues or higher costs. This market structure change could have a significant impact on the profitability and value of our business depending on how the Locational Marginal Pricing develops, particularly if such development ultimately results in lower revenue due to lower wholesale electricity prices, increased costs to service end-user electricity demand, or increased collateral posting requirements with ERCOT.
Our future results of operations may be negatively impacted by settlement adjustments determined by ERCOT related to prior periods.
Settlement information for most operating activity is due from ERCOT within two months after the operating day, and true-up settlements are due from ERCOT within six months after the operating day. ERCOT has the ability to resettle any operating day at any time after the six month settlement period, usually the result of a lingering dispute, an alternative dispute resolution process, or litigated event. As a result, we are subject to settlement adjustments from ERCOT related to prior periods, which may result in charges or credits impacting our future reported results of operations.
Our results of operations and financial condition could be negatively impacted by any development or event beyond our control that causes economic weakness in the ERCOT market.
We are not geographically diversified. We derive substantially all of our revenues from operations in the ERCOT market, which covers approximately 75% of the geographical area in the State of Texas. As a result, regardless of the state of the economy in areas outside the ERCOT market, economic weakness in the ERCOT market could lead to reduced demand for electricity in the ERCOT market. Such a reduction could have a material negative impact on our results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition.
Risks Related to the Company
We may have contingent liabilities related to the Company's operations prior to the Transaction of which we are not aware and for which we have not adequately provisioned.
Prior to the consummation of the Transaction, the Company was engaged in the business of manufacturing and installing decorative window wells made from precast concrete. We cannot ensure that there are no material claims outstanding, or other circumstances of which we are not aware, that would give rise to a material liability relating to these prior operations, even though we have not recorded any provisions in our financial statements related to such potential liabilities. If we are subject to past claims or material obligations relating to our operations prior to the consummation of the Transaction, such claims could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to the Transaction and the Ownership of the Common Stock of the Company
We will incur increased costs and demands upon management and accounting and finance resources as a result of complying with the laws and regulations affecting public companies; any failure to establish and maintain adequate internal controls over financial reporting or to recruit, train and retain necessary accounting and finance personnel could have an adverse effect on our ability to accurately and timely prepare our consolidated financial statements.

 

 
As a public operating company, we will incur significant administrative, legal, accounting and other burdens and expenses beyond those of a private company, including those associated with corporate governance requirements and public company reporting obligations. In particular, we will need to enhance and supplement our internal accounting resources with additional accounting and finance personnel with the requisite technical and public company experience and expertise, as well as refine our quarterly and annual financial statement closing process, to enable us to satisfy such reporting obligations. However, even if we are successful in doing so, there can be no assurance that our finance and accounting organization will be able to adequately meet the increased demands that result from being a public company.
Furthermore, we will be required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. In order to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we will be required to document and test our internal control procedures and prepare annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. These assessments will need to include disclosure of identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. Testing and maintaining internal control over financial reporting will involve significant costs and could divert management's attention from other matters that are important to our business. Additionally, we cannot provide any assurances that we will be successful in remediating any deficiencies that may be identified. If we are unable to remediate any such deficiencies or otherwise fail to establish and maintain adequate accounting systems and internal control over financial reporting, or we are unable to recruit, train and retain necessary accounting and finance personnel, we may not be able to accurately and timely prepare our consolidated financial statements and otherwise satisfy our public reporting obligations. Any inaccuracies in our financial statements or other public disclosures (in particular if resulting in the need to restate previously filed financial statements), or delays in our making required SEC filings, could have a material adverse effect on the confidence in our financial reporting, our credibility in the marketplace and the trading price of our common stock.
In addition, our management team will also have to adapt to other requirements of being a public company. We will need to devote significant resources to address these public company-associated requirements, including compliance programs and investor relations, as well as our financial reporting obligations. Complying with these rules and regulations will substantially increase our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly.
An active, liquid and orderly trading market for our common stock may not develop, and the price of our stock may be volatile and may decline in value.
There currently is not an active public market for our common stock. An active trading market may not develop or, if developed, may not be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair the ability of stockholders to sell shares of common stock at the time they wish to sell them or at a price they consider reasonable. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling shares of common stock and may impair our ability to acquire other companies or assets by using shares of our common stock as consideration.
The stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of companies with securities traded in those markets. Broad market and industry factors may seriously affect the market price of companies' stock, including ours, regardless of actual operating performance.
The Company may not be able to attract the attention of brokerage firms.
Because the Transaction is characterized as a "reverse acquisition," securities analysts of brokerage firms may not provide coverage of the Company. No assurance can be given that brokerage firms will want to conduct any secondary offerings on behalf of the Company in the future, should the need arise.
Our common stock may not be eligible for listing on a national securities exchange.
Our common stock is not currently listed on a national securities exchange, and we do not currently meet the initial quantitative listing standards of a national securities exchange. We cannot assure you that we will be able to meet the initial listing standards of any national securities exchange, or, if we do meet such initial qualitative listing standards, that we will be able to maintain any such listing. Our common stock is currently quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board and, until our common stock is listed on a national securities exchange, we expect that it will continue to be eligible and quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, another over-the-counter quotation system, or in the "pink sheets." In these venues, an investor may find it difficult to obtain accurate quotations as to the market value of our common stock. In addition, if we fail to meet the criteria set forth in SEC regulations, various requirements would be imposed by law on broker-dealers who sell our securities to persons other than established customers and accredited investors. Consequently, such regulations may deter broker-dealers from recommending or selling our common stock, which may further affect its liquidity. This would also make it more difficult for us to raise additional capital in the future.

 

 
The Company's common stock may be considered "a penny stock" and may be difficult to sell.
The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define "penny stock" to be an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to specific exemptions. The market price of our common stock is likely to be less than $5.00 per share and, therefore, may be designated as a "penny stock" according to SEC rules. This designation requires any broker or dealer selling these securities to disclose certain information concerning the transaction, obtain a written agreement from the purchaser and determine that the purchaser is reasonably suitable to purchase the securities. These rules may restrict the ability of brokers or dealers to sell our common Stock and may affect the ability of investors to sell their shares.
Our stockholders may experience significant dilution if future equity offerings are used to fund operations or acquire complementary businesses.
If we engage in capital raising activities in the future, including issuances of common stock, to fund the growth of our business, our stockholders could experience significant dilution. In addition, securities issued in connection with future financing activities or potential acquisitions may have rights and preferences senior to the rights and preferences of our common stock. We recently adopted and established an equity incentive plan pursuant to which equity awards may be granted to eligible employees (including our executive officers), directors and consultants, if our board of directors determines that it is in the best interest of the Company and our stockholders to do so. The issuance of shares of our common stock upon the exercise of any such equity awards may result in dilution to our stockholders and adversely affect our earnings.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish, or cease publishing, research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our stock adversely, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by whether industry or securities analysts publish research and reports about us, our business, our market or our competitors and, if any analysts do publish such reports, what they publish in those reports. We may not obtain analyst coverage in the future. Any analysts that do cover us may make adverse recommendations regarding our stock, adversely change their recommendations from time to time, and/or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors. If any analyst who may cover us in the future were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, or if analysts fail to cover us or publish reports about us at all, we could lose, or never gain, visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.
We do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future.
We currently intend to retain our future earnings to support operations and to finance expansion and, therefore, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future.
The forward looking statements contained in this Current Report may prove incorrect.
This Current Report contains certain forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based largely on our current expectations and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from these forward-looking statements. In addition to the other risks described elsewhere in this "Risk Factors" discussion, important factors to consider in evaluating such forward-looking statements include: (i) changes to external competitive market factors or in our internal budgeting process which might impact trends in our results of operations; (ii) anticipated working capital or other cash requirements; (iii) changes in our business strategy or an inability to execute our strategy due to unanticipated changes in our industry; and (iv) various competitive factors that may prevent us from competing successfully in the marketplace. In light of these risks and uncertainties, many of which are described in greater detail elsewhere in this "Risk Factors" discussion, there can be no assurance that the events predicted in forward-looking statements contained in this Current Report will, in fact, transpire. Any negative change in the factors listed above could adversely affect the financial condition and operating results of the Company and its products.

 

 
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The financial data discussed below is derived from the audited financial statements of Summer LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company through which the Company's future business operations will be conducted. The audited financial statements of Summer LLC for the period from April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, are prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The financial data discussed below is only a summary and should be read in conjunction with the historical financial statements and related notes of Summer LLC contained elsewhere herein and in conjunction with the historical financial statements and related notes of the Company that are contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2012, which are incorporated herein by this reference. The financial statements contained elsewhere fully represent the Company's financial condition and operations; however, they are not indicative of our future performance.
Prior Periods
For a discussion of the Company's financial condition and results of operations for periods prior to the consummation of the Transaction, reference is made to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2012.
Reverse Acquisition of Summer LLC; Business Model
On March 27, 2012, the Company, which was previously known as Castwell Precast Corporation, acquired Summer LLC through a "reverse acquisition" transaction (referred to in this Current Report as the "Transaction"), pursuant to which the former members of Summer LLC now own approximately 92.3% of the Company's outstanding common stock and the Company owns 100% of the outstanding units of membership interest in Summer LLC. All of the Company's business operations following the closing of the Transaction will be conducted through Summer LLC.
Summer LLC is a development stage company that is a retail electric provider ("REP") in the state of Texas under a license with the Public Utility Commission of Texas ("PUCT"). Summer LLC will procure wholesale electric energy and resell it to its commercial and residential retail customers.
The Company intends to cease its historic operations consisting of the manufacture, sale and installation of precast concrete window wells, and the Company will hereafter be engaged in the purchase and sale of electricity in the Texas deregulated market.
Limited Operating History of Summer LLC and Possible Need for Additional Capital
The financial information relating to Summer LLC is limited.  Summer LLC is a development stage company and has not generated significant revenues from operations.  Summer LLC cannot guarantee that its business of buying and selling electricity will be successful.  Summer LLC’s business is subject to risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise, including limited capital resources, and possible cost overruns due to increases in the cost of services. The Company has adequate financing to continue through 2012, but the Company may need to obtain additional capital after that.  If future financing is not available, the Company may be unable to continue its operations.
Overview
The following Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") or Plan of Operations of the Company includes the following sections:

 

 
 
 
 
 
Plan of Operations
 
 
 
 
Results of Operations
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
 
 
 
Cash Outflow for Capital Assets, Customer Acquisition and Deposit
 
 
 
 
Future Financing Needs
 
 
 
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
 
 
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
 
 
 
Inflation
Plan of Operations
As a development stage company, Summer LLC recorded no operating revenues through December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2011, Summer LLC's cash balance totaled $1,751,911.
Our plan of operations will consist of:
 
 
 
 
The current Texas regulatory structure permits REPs, such as Summer LLC, to procure and sell electricity at unregulated prices and pay local transmission and distribution systems a regulated tariff rate for delivering electricity to their customers. As an REP, we purchase electricity from suppliers at wholesale prices and resell the electricity to commercial and residential end-users in defined geographic areas within the State of Texas. We also provide billing, customer service, collections and remittance services to our residential and commercial customers. We offer our customers competitive electricity rates, flexible payment and pricing choices, simple offers with understandable terms, and responsive customer service.
 
 
 
 
We intend to offer retail electricity to commercial and residential customers within designated target markets. The primary commercial target market will be small to medium-sized customers (less than one megawatt of peak usage). We will also selectively pursue larger commercial customers through existing relationships. Residential customers are a secondary target market. We intend to utilize third-party vendors for a majority of outside sales, while building an in-house sales team to both supplement and augment that effort. The broker/agent structure for compensation will be based on recurring commission system with limited one-time payments.
 
 
 
 
We will utilize wholesale purchase agreements with wholesale energy suppliers for the procurement of wholesale energy. We will serve as our own qualified scheduling entity for open-market purchases and sales of electricity. Our forecasts for electricity load requirements will be based on our existing aggregate customer base and anticipated weather conditions, as well as forecasted customer acquisition and attrition. We plan to continuously monitor and update our supply positions based on retail demand forecasts and market conditions. Our general policy will be to maintain a balanced supply/demand position to limit commodity risk exposure. We plan to procure fixed-price supply to serve fixed-price load and purchase wholesale supply to approximate retail load forecasts on both a seasonal and daily/hourly basis. At this time, we will not maintain a financial book; rather, we will solely focus on our physical book. A "physical book" represents those commodity contracts needed to supply electricity to our customers. Sometimes, deregulated energy companies use a "financial book" (i.e., additional commodity contracts). The positions in a company's financial book are not used to deliver electricity but are used as a hedge against price fluctuations and other market conditions.
 
 
 
 
The Company may need to raise additional equity or debt financing to develop a sales and administrative infrastructure and fund ongoing operations until its operations generate positive cash flows. We cannot provide any assurance that we will be successful in raising additional capital to fully implement our business plan. Further, we cannot provide any assurance, assuming we raise additional funds, that we will achieve profitability or positive cash flow. If we are not able to timely and successfully raise additional capital and/or achieve profitability and positive cash flow, our operating business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

 

 
Results of Operations of Summer LLC
Revenue --For the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, Summer LLC had not generated any revenues.
Operating expenses --Operating expenses for the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, total $321,468 and primarily related to general and administrative start up activities.
Net loss --Net loss for the Period from April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, totaled $326,185 and was primarily due to general and administrative expenses and financing costs.
Liquidity and Capital Resources of Summer LLC
General - Net cash flows of $1,751,911were generated for the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, resulting from cash provided by financing activities of $2,522,500, offset partially by cash used in operating activities of $267,797 and cash used in investing activities of $502,792.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities - Net cash used in operations was primarily due to a net loss of $326,185 for the Period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, depreciation and amortization expense of $5,617, issuance of member units for credit facility of $50,000 and the changes in operating assets and liabilities of $2,915.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities - Net cash flows used in investing activities was $502,792, for the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, primarily from the purchase of a restricted certificate deposit to be used as security for letters of credit.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities - Net cash flows provided by financing activities for the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, totaled $2,522,500. The increase in net cash provided by financing activities was due to proceeds from the issuance of membership units in Summer LLC.
Financing, Letters of Credit and Personal Guarantees - Our current working capital position, together with our expected future cash flows from operations, may be insufficient to fund our operations in the ordinary course of business, anticipated capital expenditures, obligation payment requirements and other contractual obligations for at least the next twelve months. However, this uncertainty is based upon many assumptions and is subject to numerous risks (see "Risk Factors"); we may require additional funding in the future.
The Company has no present agreements or commitments with respect to any material acquisitions of other businesses, products, product rights or technologies. However, the Company will continue to evaluate acquisitions of and/or investments in products, technologies, or companies that complement its business and may make such acquisitions and/or investments in the future. Accordingly, the Company may need to obtain additional sources of capital in the future to finance any such acquisitions and/or investments. The Company may not be able to obtain such financing on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on its operations, in the case of debt financing, or cause substantial dilution for stockholders, in the case of equity financing.
For the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, Summer LLC entered into separate agreements with two individuals pursuant to which such individuals agreed to provide personal guaranties or collateral to assist Summer LLC in obtaining a $500,000 credit facility. In exchange for the credit enhancement services, Summer LLC agreed to pay a future cash payment of $100,000 to each of these two individuals. Each of the individuals providing the credit enhancement services could, at their option, receive 757,576 units of membership interest in Summer LLC (or equivalent common shares in the Company) in lieu of the cash payment. Summer LLC recorded a $200,000 obligation and related deferred financing asset at December 31, 2011. Related to this agreement, Summer LLC obtained a $50,000 letter of credit with a financial institution (which is guaranteed by the two individuals who provided the credit enhancement services) in January 2012 for the benefit of a provider of wholesale energy.
For the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, Summer LLC obtained a $500,000 letter of credit, secured with a $500,000 certificate of deposit, with a financial institution for the benefit of the PUCT.

 

 
For the period April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011, certain members, one of whom was also an officer of Summer LLC, provided a guarantee to a financial institution that allowed Summer LLC to obtain a merchant services account. These members also posted a $50,000 certificate of deposit with the financial institution as security for their personal guarantees. In exchange, the members were granted 151,515 member units of Summer LLC, which were valued at $50,000 on the date of grant and recorded in general and administrative expenses.
During 2011, Summer LLC issued 9,396,109 member units for $2,522,500 cash and a $52,000 subscription receivable.
During 2011, Summer LLC granted 400,000 7-year warrants with an exercise price of $0.60. Upon exercise the warrant holder will obtain 400,000 member units (or equivalent common shares of the Company). The estimated fair value of the warrants totaled $525 on the date of grant.
Cash Outflows for Capital Assets, Customer Acquisition and Deposits
We expect to expend approximately $1,000,000 for capital assets, customer acquisition and deposits in connection with the expansion of our business during the year ended December 31, 2012. The anticipated source of funds is cash on hand at December 31, 2011.
Future Financing Needs
Summer LLC is a development stage company as defined by section 915-10-20 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Summer LLC is still devoting substantially all of its efforts to establishing the business and its planned principal operations have not commenced. All losses accumulated since inception have been considered as part of our development stage activities.
Summer LLC did not commence operations and the generation of revenue until after December 31, 2011. Our cash position may not be significant enough to support daily operations. Management believes they have adequate liquidity to support operations for 2012, but may need to raise additional funds in future years. While the Company believes in the viability of its plan of operations and strategy to generate revenues and in its ability to raise additional funds, there can be no assurances to that effect. The ability of the Company to grow is dependent upon the Company's ability to further implement its business plan, generate revenues, and obtain additional financing, if needed.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Securities and Exchange Commission has defined a company's critical accounting policies as the ones that are most important to the portrayal of financial condition and results of operations and which require a company to make its most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, we have identified the critical accounting policies and judgments addressed below. For additional information, see Note 1 - Nature of Business and Summary of Significant in Accounting Policies in the historical financial statements located in Exhibit 99.1
The following are deemed to be the most significant accounting policies affecting the Company.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

 
Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable
Revenue is recognized upon delivery of electricity to the customer's meter. This method is commonly referred to as the flow method. The flow method of revenue relies upon Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) settlement statements to determine the estimated revenue for a given month. Supply delivered to customers for the month, measured on a daily basis, provides the basis for revenues. Electric services not billed by month-end are accrued based upon estimated deliveries to customers as tracked and recorded by ERCOT multiplied by the Company's average billing rate per kilowatt hour ("kWh") in effect at the time. Direct energy costs are recorded when the electricity is delivered. We will provide for an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon history and experience considering economic and industry trends.
Income Taxes
Prior to the Transaction, Summer LLC did not incur income taxes; instead, its earnings (losses) will be included in the members' income tax returns and taxed depending on their individual tax situations. Therefore, Summer LLC's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, do not include a provision for income taxes. After the Transaction, Summer LLC will be treated as a disregarded entity for federal income tax purposes, and its earnings (losses) will be reported on the Company's corporate income tax returns.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2010 - 28 "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (ASC Topic 350)", which amended its existing guidance for goodwill and other intangible assets. This authoritative guidance modifies Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. For those reporting units, an entity is required to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if there are qualitative factors indicating that it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. The qualitative factors are consistent with the existing guidance which requires goodwill of a reporting unit to be tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. This authoritative guidance becomes effective for the Company in fiscal year 2012. The implementation of this authoritative guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In May 2011, the FASB issued additional guidance on fair value measurements that clarifies the application of existing guidance and disclosure requirements, changes certain fair value measurement principles and requires additional disclosures about fair value measurements. The updated guidance is effective on a prospective basis for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In June 2011, the FASB issued guidance requiring changes to the presentation of comprehensive income which requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity, which is not the method of presentation used by the Company, will no longer be permitted, as the Company has no comprehensive income. These changes will have no impact on the calculation and presentation of earnings per share. These changes, with retrospective application, become effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning in fiscal year 2013, with early adoption allowed. Other than the change in presentation, these changes will not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, "Testing Goodwill for Impairment." The amendments under ASU 2011-08 will allow entities to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendments include a number of events and circumstances for entities to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment. Entities will have the option to bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. ASU 2011-08 is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011 (fiscal 2012 for the Company), and early adoption is permitted. Adoption of ASU 2011-08 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

 

 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As mentioned above, Summer LLC has a $500,000 credit facility secured by a restricted certificate of deposit.
Summer LLC's existing wholesale power purchase agreement provides, in addition to certain collateral calls, that Summer LLC will provide additional credit to cover mark to market risk in connection with the purchase and sale of long term power. A mark-to-market credit risk occurs when the price of power purchased is greater than the current market price. While we believe we will purchase our current power at the lowest prices, should a collateral call occur, this could limit our working capital and potentially cause liquidation of power positions should we fail to meet the collateral call.
Inflation
Management believes that inflation has not had a material effect on Summer LLC's results of operations.
PROPERTIES
We currently lease approximately 6,467 square feet of office space in Houston, Texas, pursuant to a lease agreement that expires on August 31, 2012. The lease may be extended, at our option, through August 31, 2015. The current base lease payments under the lease are $10,636.37 per month. Summer LLC subleases a portion of this space to third parties pursuant to unwritten month-to-month arrangements, for which it receives approximately $4,500 per month. The premises are sufficient for the Company's current needs.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of March 27, 2012 by (1) each person known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, (2) each of our directors (3) each executive officer, and (4) all directors and executive officers as a group.
Unless otherwise indicated, to our knowledge, each person listed below has sole dispositive and voting power with respect to the shares of our common stock shown below as beneficially owned by such person, except to the extent authority is shared by spouses under applicable law and except for the shares of our common stock set forth next to our directors and executive officers listed as a group. As of March 27, 2012, we had 10,504,711 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding.
Beneficial ownership and percentage have been determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act. The information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. The inclusion in the following table of those shares, however, does not constitute an admission that the named stockholder is a direct or indirect beneficial owner of such shares.

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name and
Address of
Beneficial
Owner (1)
 
Office, If Any
 
Title of Class
 
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership (2)
 
Percent of class
 
Officers and Directors
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Roderick L. Danielson
 
 
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
Common
 
 
844,586
 
 
8.0401
%
Jaleea P. George
 
 
Director, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer
 
 
Common
 
 
575,000
 
 
5.4737
%
Stuart C. Gaylor (3)
 
 
Director
 
 
Common
 
 
1,805,556
 
 
17.1881
%
Andrew J. Priest (5)
 
 
Director
 
 
Common
 
 
222,222
 
 
2.1155
%
Jeffery Mace Meeks
 
 
Director
 
 
Common
 
 
0
 
 
0.0
%
Michael D. Vanderhoof (6)
 
 
Director
 
 
Common
 
 
234,072
 
 
2.2283
%
James P. Stapleton
 
 
Director
 
 
Common
 
 
0
 
 
0.0
%
All Executive Officers and Directors as a Group
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,681,432
 
 
35.0455
%
Principal Stockholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GF Holdings, Ltd. (3)
 
 
-
 
 
Common
 
 
1,805,556
 
 
17.1881
%
Tom M. Davis Family Lands Trust (4)
 
 
-
 
 
Common
 
 
1,296,481
 
 
12.3419
%
Meryl L. Roberts
 
 
-
 
 
Common
 
 
1,250,000
 
 
11.8994
%
Paul M. Wyleczuk
 
 
-
 
 
Common
 
 
850,000
 
 
8.0916
%
James F. Rigell
 
 
-
 
 
Common
 
 
578,766
 
 
5.5096
%
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each person or entity is c/o Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., 800 Bering Drive, Suite 260, Houston, Texas 77057.
 
 
 
 
(2)
Beneficial Ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Unless otherwise noted, each of the beneficial owners listed above has direct ownership of and sole voting power and investment power with respect to the shares of our common stock.
 
 
 
 
(3)
Stuart Gaylor is the sole manager of GF Holdings GP, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, which is the sole general partner of GF Holdings, Ltd. Mr. Gaylor has voting and dispositive control over securities held by GF Holdings, Ltd. The address of GF Holdings, Ltd. is 7807 Main St., Houston, Texas 77030.
 
 
 
 
(4)
Tom M. Davis is the sole trustee of the Tom M. Davis Family Lands Trust. Mr. Davis has voting and dispositive control over securities held by Tom M. Davis Family Lands Trust.
 
 
 
 
(5)
Andrew Priest is the manager of AJP Management GP, LLC, a Texas limited liability company, which is the sole general partner of Priest Investments, Ltd., a Texas limited partnership. Mr. Priest has voting and dispositive control over securities held by Priest Investments, Ltd.
 
 
 
 
(6)
Includes 151,620 shares of which Mr. Vanderhoof is the record and beneficial owner, 19,483 shares owned of record by his spouse, and 37,969 shares and 25,000 presently exercisable common stock purchase warrants owned of record by Cambria Investment Fund, L.P. Mr. Vanderhoof is a manager of the general partner of Cambria Investment Fund, L.P. Mr. Vanderhoof has disclaimed beneficial ownership of the stocks and warrants held by Cambria Investment Fund, L.P., except to the extent he has a pecuniary interest therein resulting from his position as a principal of Cambria Investment Fund, L.P., and Mr. Vanderhoof has disclaimed beneficial ownership of the stock held by his spouse. The shares of common stock underlying the warrants are deemed to be outstanding shares for the purpose of computing the stockholder's percentage ownership.

 

 
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table sets forth information regarding the members of our board of directors and our executive officers. All of our directors were elected, and officers appointed, effective March 27, 2012, the closing date of the Transaction. The Class I directors will hold office until the 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, or until their successors are duly elected; the Class II directors will hold office until the 2014 annual meeting of stockholders, or until their successors are duly elected; and the Class III directors will hold office until the 2015 annual meeting of stockholders, or until their successors are duly elected. After the expiration of the initial term of each class of directors, the directors of the respective classes will be elected for three-year terms. Executive officers serve at the request of the board of directors.
The table below sets forth information about our directors and executive officers as of the date of this Report:
 
 
 
 
 
Name
 
Age
 
Position
 
 
 
 
 
Roderick L. Danielson
 
53
 
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
Jaleea P. George
 
50
 
Director, Secretary, Treasurer, and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
Andrew J. Priest
 
45
 
Director
 
 
 
 
 
James P. Stapleton
 
48
 
Director
 
 
 
 
 
Jefferey Mace Meeks
 
46
 
Director
 
 
 
 
 
Stuart C. Gaylor
 
50
 
Director
 
 
 
 
 
Michael D. Vanderhoof
 
52
 
Director

 

 
The following is a summary of the biographical information of our directors and officers:
Roderick ("Rod") L. Danielson . Mr. Danielson is the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer, was a founding member of Summer LLC, and manages the overall operations of the Company. Mr. Danielson manages risk management, wholesale power purchase, customer load forecasting, balancing, settlement, and scheduling functions for the Company. Since 2006 Mr. Danielson has performed similar functions in the Maryland, District of Columbia, and Delaware markets for Horizon Power and Light, LLC ("Horizon"); and for REP Energy LLC, where he managed those functions in the Massachusetts market. Horizon and REP Energy, LLC are both retail electric providers; however neither Horizon nor REP Energy, LLC is a competitor of the Company. Prior to that time, and through 2005, Mr. Danielson served as Vice President, Chief Supply Officer of Gexa Energy ("Gexa"), where he performed similar functions in the Texas, Massachusetts and New York markets. Mr. Danielson was responsible for a power supply portfolio in excess of 1,000 MW's for Gexa, which became a subsidiary of Florida Power and Light in 2005. Additionally, he served on Gexa's management committee, overseeing operational issues ranging from customer service to retail transactions. Rod has been a voting member on the ERCOT wholesale market sub-committee, which oversees wholesale supply issues, nodal transition, and various other operational matters for the ERCOT market. Mr. Danielson has a BS in Petroleum Engineering from The University of Texas at Austin and an MBA from the University of Houston.
Mr. Danielson's industry experience has given him extensive knowledge of the Company's business model and brings leadership and unique perspective to the board.
Jaleea P. George . Jaleea George is the Company's Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, was a founding member of Summer LLC, and manages all financial operations of the Company. Since 2007 Ms. George has performed accounting and financial functions in the Maryland, District of Columbia, and Delaware markets for Horizon. Horizon is not a competitor of the Company. Ms. George has extensive accounting, taxation and administration experience. Ms. George has served in various financial positions that encompassed a diverse range of industry experience, including a 9,600 mile pipeline company covering several states, an international manufacturing company with operations in thirty-two countries, and a project developer of a 50 megawatt wood-waste biomass fired electricity generations facility. Prior to joining Horizon Power and Light, LLC, Ms. George served as the Director of Finance of a major not-for-profit organization. Ms. George graduated from The University of Texas at Austin with a BBA in accounting and is certified by the Texas State Board of Public Accountancy. She is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), Texas Society of CPA's (TSCPA) and the Houston Chapter of TSCPA.
Ms. George's financial and accounting experience, particularly in the retail electric industry, provides the board with necessary skills and expertise due to her extensive knowledge of our industry and in-depth knowledge of our business and operations.
Andrew J. Priest . Mr. Priest is a private investor and entrepreneur. He founded TRE Financial Services in 1990. His "hands-on" leadership played an integral role in the overall success of TRE Financial Services. As a result, TRE achieved outstanding growth throughout its eighteen-year history, including the 2002 purchase of Orrtax Software Solutions, a recognized leader in tax software preparation and electronic filing within the professional tax preparation environment. A graduate of the University of Texas, Mr. Priest was a 2003 Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year finalist, in August that same year the Puget Sound Business Journal included Orrtax in the Top 25 Software Developers, in September the Houston Business Journal ranked Orrtax 22 nd of the Top 100 Small Businesses in Houston and in October it named Orrtax a Fast Tech 50 Company. Mr. Priest has investments in a variety of interests including an online lending technology company in Atlanta, real estate holdings in Dallas, Austin and Houston as well as a tax products financial services company in San Diego.
Mr. Priest's background in entrepreneurial investment brings to the board strategic planning and financial skills that are important to the implementation of our growth strategies and oversight of the Company and operational risk management.
James P. Stapleton . Mr. Stapleton is currently a consultant and advisor to small publicly traded companies. Mr. Stapleton is currently the Chief Financial Officer for Jones Soda Co. (NASDAQ:JSDA), which position he has held since February 27, 2012. From March 2005 through September 2010 Mr. Stapleton served as a director of General Environmental Management, Inc. (PINK GEVI). From May 2005 through July 2007 Mr. Stapleton was the Chief Financial Officer of Bionovo (NASDAQ BNVI). From January 2003 through April 2005 Mr. Stapleton was the Chief Financial Officer of Auxilio (OTC BB AUXO). Prior thereto, Mr. Stapleton was employed in a variety of positions for Prosoft Training (NASDAQ POSO), including Corporate Secretary, Vice President Investor relations, Chief Financial Officer, and other positions.

 

 
Mr. Stapleton brings corporate governance and financial expertise to the board garnered through his leadership positions and board service with other entities. His experience and qualifications provide sound governance and financial leadership to the board.
Jefferey Mace Meeks . J. Mace Meeks has been a partner at Dean & Draper Insurance Agency, LP since 1996. Upon graduating from Rice University in 1989, Mace entered the insurance industry. He has accumulated 23 years of knowledge and expertise in his field. As a partner with Dean & Draper Insurance Agency, LP since 1996, Mr. Meeks has been the leading producer developing a broad foundation in commercial insurance, personal insurance, and employee benefits. With over 800 specific clients, Mr. Meeks prides himself on developing a tailor made insurance program to fit each client.
Mr. Meeks' background and experience in the risk management and insurance industry brings to the board strategic planning and risk management skills that are important to the implementation of our growth strategies and oversight of the Company and operational risk management.
Stuart C. Gaylor . Stuart Gaylor is President and CFO of Al's Formal Wear of Houston, Ltd and related companies. A native Houstonian, Mr. Gaylor has helped develop his family's Houston based rental and retail business into a regional formalwear powerhouse. He joined Al's Formal Wear in late 1984 as the company's controller. He became President in 1996. Currently, the company has about 100 retail stores under the name, Al's Formal Wear, over 1000 wholesale tuxedo dealers, and over 400 employees in Arkansas, Colorado, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas. He was born in Houston, and graduated from Bellaire High School. He attended the University of Texas at Austin, graduating with a BBA in Accounting and Data Processing in 1983. Upon college graduation, Mr. Gaylor worked briefly at Ernst & Whinney, where he earned his CPA certificate.
Mr. Gaylor's experience in managing a large organization will provide the board invaluable business strategy and leadership experience. Further, Mr. Gaylor's previous experience on the board of Gexa will prove valuable as the Company pursues its business plan.
Michael D. Vanderhoof . Mr. Vanderhoof is chairman of Cambria Asset Management, LLC and principal of Cambria Investment Fund, LP. Cambria Asset Management, LLC is the holding company for Cambria Capital LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC, a securities & futures brokerage firm, registered investment advisor, and investment banking firm with offices in Los Angeles, San Francisco and Salt Lake City. Cambria Investment Fund LP provides bridge loans and equity financing to early stage developing companies. Mr. Vanderhoof has over twenty five years of experience in the capital markets. From 1998 to present, he has advised various private and public companies on capital formation, mergers and acquisitions and financing. From 1993 to 1997, Mr. Vanderhoof was a trader on a trading desk that made markets in over 200 OTC companies. His career began in 1985 as an Account Executive for a FINRA broker-dealer firm in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Mr. Vanderhoof's background in entrepreneurial investment brings to the board strategic planning and risk management skills that are important to the implementation of our growth strategies and oversight of the Company and operational risk management.
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among any of our directors and executive officers.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years:
 
 
 
 
been convicted in a criminal proceeding or been subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offences);
 
 
 
 
had any bankruptcy petition filed by or against the business or property of the person, or of any partnership, corporation or business association of which he was a general partner or executive officer, either at the time of the bankruptcy filing or within two years prior to that time;

 

 
 
 
 
 
been subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction or federal or state authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting, his involvement in any type of business, securities, futures, commodities, investment, banking, savings and loan, or insurance activities, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity;
 
 
 
 
been found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated;
 
 
 
 
been the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated (not including any settlement of a civil proceeding among private litigants), relating to an alleged violation of any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order, or any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or
 
 
 
 
been the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(26))), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1(a)(29))), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member.
Except as set forth in our discussion below in "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence," none of our directors, director nominees or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
The composition of our board of directors, any future audit committee, compensation committee, nominating or corporate governance committee or any other committee of our board of directors will be subject to the corporate governance provisions of our primary trading market, including rules relating to the independence of directors.

 

 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following is a summary of the compensation we paid to our executive officers, for the last two fiscal years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name and
Principal
Position
 
Fiscal
Year
 
Salary
($)
 
Bonus ($)
 
Stock
Awards ($)
 
Option
Awards ($)
 
Non-Equity
Incentive
Plan
Compensation ($)
 
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings ($)
 
All Other
Compensation ($)
 
Total ($)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rod L.Danielson, President and Chief Executive Officer (1)(2)
 
2011
 
$
24,000
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
24,000
 
2010
 
$
 
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jaleea P. George, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer (1)(2)
 
2011
 
$
16,923
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
16,923
 
2010
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jason T. Haislip (3)
 
2011
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
2010
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
                                                       
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
These individuals became executive officers of the Company effective March 27, 2012.
 
 
 
 
(2)
These individuals were paid by Summer LLC in their capacity as managing members thereof.
 
 
 
 
(3)
Jason Haislip served as secretary of the Company from its inception in March 2005 through January 10, 2008, as treasurer from inception in March 2005 through the present and as president from January 10, 2008 to March 27, 2012. As of March 27, 2012, Mr. Haislip no longer is an executive officer of the Company.
There was no cash or non-cash compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our named executive officers for services rendered during the year ended December 31, 2010.
Employment Agreements
We do not have any employment agreements with any executive officer as of the date hereof.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End
For the year ended December 31, 2011, no director or executive officer has received compensation from us pursuant to any compensatory or benefit plan. There is no plan or understanding, express or implied, to pay any compensation to any director or executive officer pursuant to any compensatory or benefit plan.
Compensation of Directors
No member of our Board of Directors received any compensation for his or her services as a director during the year ended December 31, 2011.

 

 
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND
DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Transactions with Related Persons
Financial Assistance Agreement
On December 16, 2011, Summer LLC entered into an agreement with Rod Danielson, an officer and director of the Company, pursuant to which Mr. Danielson agreed to provide credit enhancement to assist the Company in obtaining a $50,000 credit facility. In consideration for such assistance, the Company issued 30,758 units of Summer LLC membership interest to Mr. Danielson. Pursuant to the Transaction, these units were exchanged for 30,758 shares of the Company's common stock.
Financial Advisory Agreement
On November 1, 2011, Summer LLC entered into a Financial Advisory Agreement with Cambria Capital, LLC ("Cambria"), a FINRA member broker-dealer, whereby Cambria was engaged to act as an exclusive advisor to the Company with respect to certain financial advisory, investment banking and related matters.
In consideration for such services, Summer LLC issued to Cambria a seven-year warrant to purchase 400,000 units of membership interest of Summer LLC at an exercise price of $0.60 per unit (which warrant, as a result of the Transaction, entitles Cambria to acquire 400,000 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $0.60 per share at any time from and after the date which is one (1) year from the closing date of the Transaction). The Financial Advisory Agreement also provides for the payment of a 10% placement agent fee to Cambria for any future financing arranged by Cambria.
The exclusive engagement of Cambria to act as Summer LLC's investment banker has an initial term of 12 months, automatically renewable for 30-day periods unless terminated by either party. In addition, Cambria has a right of first refusal, exercisable for a period of 24 months following the successful closing of a financing transaction, to (i) act as the sole or lead placement agent with respect to any future offering by Summer LLC or (ii) to act as an advisor on any merger or business combination involving Summer LLC. By virtue of the Transaction's consummation, the Company has assumed the obligations towards Cambria.
Michael Vanderhoof, a member of the Company's board of directors, is a member of Cambria Asset Management LLC, Cambria's holding company. Although Mr. Vanderhoof was not a related party at the time the Financial Advisory Agreement referred to above was entered into, he became a related party upon the closing of the Transaction when he became a director of the Company.
Director Independence
The Company has not established its own definition for determining whether its directors and nominees for directors are considered "independent," nor has it adopted any other standard of independence employed by any national securities exchange or inter-dealer quotation system. However, based on the NASDAQ listing standards, five of the Company's seven directors (Messrs. Priest, Stapleton, Meeks, Gaylor and Vanderhoof) are considered independent as they are neither officers nor employees of the Company or its subsidiaries and receive no compensation for services other than as directors.
Promoters and Certain Control Persons
We did not have any promoters at any time during the past five fiscal years.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not engaged in any legal proceedings, nor are we aware of any pending or threatened legal proceedings that, singly or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

 
MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Our common stock is currently quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board ("OTCBB"), which is sponsored by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"). The OTCBB is a network of security dealers who buy and sell stock. The dealers are connected by a computer network that provides information on current "bids" and "asks", as well as volume information. Prior to the consummation of the Transaction, the Company's trading symbol was "CPXE." The Company has requested a trading symbol change with FINRA to correspond with its name change to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., in accordance with the policies of FINRA. As of the date of this Current Report, the trading symbol change request has been approved by FINRA, but a new trading symbol has not yet been assigned.
There is not, nor has there ever been, an active trading market for our common stock, and no information is available for the price of our common stock. As of March 27, 2012, there were no published bids or asked quotations for the Company's common stock on the OTCBB.
Holders
As of March 27, 2012, there were approximately 89 holders of record of our common stock, as reported by the Company's transfer agent. In computing the number of holders of record, each broker-dealer and clearing corporation holding shares on behalf of its customers is counted as a single stockholder.
Dividends
We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock to date. The payment of dividends in the future will be contingent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial condition, and will be within the discretion of our then-existing board of directors. We currently intend to retain our future earnings to support operations and to finance expansion and, therefore, our board of directors does not anticipate paying any cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future.
Special Sales Practice Requirements with Regard to "Penny Stocks"
In order to protect investors from patterns of fraud and abuse that have occurred in the market for low priced securities commonly referred to as "penny stocks," the SEC has adopted regulations that generally define a "penny stock" to be any equity security having a market price (as defined) less than $5.00 per share, or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. Since the price of our stock is well below $5.00 per share, our stock is subject to the "penny stock" regulations. As a result, broker-dealers selling our common stock are subject to additional sales practices when they sell our stock to persons other than established clients and "accredited investors." For transactions covered by these rules, before the transaction is executed, the broker-dealer must make a special customer suitability determination, receive the purchaser's written consent to the transaction and deliver a risk disclosure document relating to the penny stock market. The broker-dealer must also disclose the commission payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative taking the order, current quotations for the securities and, if applicable, the fact that the broker-dealer is the sole market maker and the broker-dealer's presumed control over the market. Monthly statements must be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks. Such "penny stock" rules may restrict trading in our common stock and may deter broker-dealers from effecting transactions in our common stock.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Compensation Plans
As discussed in Item 5.02(e) below, effective March 27, 2012 the Company adopted the 2012 Stock Option and Stock Award Plan and reserved 785,000 shares of the Company's common stock for issuance pursuant to options or awards granted under the Plan.

 

 
RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
Reference is made to the disclosure set forth under Item 3.02 of this Current Report, which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT'S SECURITIES
The following description summarizes the material terms of our capital stock. Because it is only a summary, it may not contain all the information that is important to you. For a complete description you should refer to our articles of incorporation, as amended, and amended and restated bylaws, along with the applicable provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes. The articles of incorporation were filed as an exhibit to our registration statement on Form SB-2 filed on July 7, 2007, and were amended on March 27, 2012 as reflected in the Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation filed herewith and incorporated herein by reference. Our Bylaws were amended and restated on March 27, 2012 as reflected in the Amended and Restated Bylaws filed herewith and incorporated herein by reference.
Authorized and Issued Capital Stock
Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 per share, of which 10,504,711 shares are issued and outstanding, and 10,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.001 par value, of which no shares are issued or outstanding.

 

 
Common Stock
As of the date of this report, there were 10,504,711 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding held by approximately 89 stockholders of record. Holders of common stock will have voting rights for the election of our directors and all other matters requiring stockholder action, except with respect to amendments to our articles of incorporation that alter or change the powers, preferences, rights or other terms of any outstanding preferred stock if the holders of such affected series of preferred stock are entitled to vote on such an amendment. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voted for the election of directors may elect all of the directors. Our amended and restated bylaws provided that our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors of approximately equal size. As a result, in most circumstances, a person can gain control of our board only by successfully engaging in a proxy contest at two or more annual meetings. Holders of common stock will be entitled to one vote per share on matters to be voted on by stockholders and also will be entitled to receive such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors in its discretion out of funds legally available therefor. The payment of dividends, if ever, on the common stock may be subject to the prior payment of dividends on any outstanding preferred stock, of which there is currently none. Upon our liquidation or dissolution, the holders of common stock will be entitled to receive pro rata all assets remaining available for distribution to stockholders after payment of all liabilities and provision for the liquidation of any shares of preferred stock at the time outstanding. Our stockholders have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights and there are no sinking fund or redemption provisions applicable to the common stock.
Preferred Stock
Our articles of incorporation provide that shares of preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. Our board of directors will be authorized to fix the voting rights, if any, designations, powers, preferences, the relative, participating, optional or other special rights and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, applicable to the shares of each series. Our board of directors will be able to, without stockholder approval, issue preferred stock with voting and other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of the common stock and could have anti-takeover effects. The ability of our board of directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of us or the removal of existing management. We have no preferred stock outstanding at the date hereof.
Dividends
We have not paid any dividends on our common stock to date. It is the present intention of our board of directors to retain any earnings for use in our business operations and, accordingly, we do not anticipate the board declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Our Transfer Agent
The transfer agent for our securities is Colonial Stock Transfer, Inc., 66 Exchange Place, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84111.
Anti-takeover Effects of Our Articles of Incorporation and By-laws
Our articles of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain certain provisions that may have anti-takeover effects, making it more difficult for or preventing a third party from acquiring control of the Company or changing its board of directors and management. According to our amended and restated bylaws and articles of incorporation, neither the holders of the Company's common stock nor the holders of the Company's preferred stock have cumulative voting rights in the election of our directors. Our amended and restated bylaws provide that our board of directors is classified into three classes of directors of approximately equal size. As a result, in most circumstances, a person would be able to gain control of our board only by successfully engaging in a proxy contest at two or more annual meetings.

 

 
Anti-takeover Effects of Nevada Law - Business Combinations
The "business combination" provisions of Sections 78.411 to 78.444, inclusive, of the Nevada Revised Statutes (NRS), prohibit a Nevada corporation with at least 200 stockholders from engaging in various "combination" transactions with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the transaction is approved by the board of directors prior to the date the interested stockholder obtained such status; or after the expiration of the three-year period, unless:
 
 
 
 
the transaction is approved by the board of directors or a majority of the voting power held by disinterested stockholders; or
 
 
 
 
if the consideration to be paid by the interested stockholder is at least equal to the highest of: (a) the highest price per share paid by the interested stockholder within the three years immediately preceding the date of the announcement of the combination or in the transaction in which it became an interested stockholder, whichever is higher, (b) the market value per share of common stock on the date of announcement of the combination and the date the interested stockholder acquired the shares, whichever is higher, or (c) for holders of preferred stock, the highest liquidation value of the preferred stock, if it is higher.
A "combination" is defined to include mergers or consolidations or any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition, in one transaction or a series of transactions, with an "interested stockholder" having:
(a) an aggregate market value equal to 5% or more of the aggregate market value of the assets of the corporation, (b) an aggregate market value equal to 5% or more of the aggregate market value of all outstanding shares of the corporation, or (c) 10% or more of the earning power or net income of the corporation.
In general, an "interested stockholder" is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns (or within three years, did own) 10% or more of a corporation's voting stock. The statute could prohibit or delay mergers or other takeover or change in control attempts and, accordingly, may discourage attempts to acquire our company even though such a transaction may offer our stockholders the opportunity to sell their stock at a price above the prevailing market price.
Our articles of incorporation state that we have elected not to be governed by the "business combination" provisions, therefore such provisions currently do not apply to us.
Anti-takeover Effects of Nevada Law - Control Share Acquisitions
The "control share" provisions of Sections 78.378 to 78.3793, inclusive, of the NRS, which apply only to Nevada corporations with at least 200 stockholders, including at least 100 stockholders of record who are Nevada residents, and which conduct business directly or indirectly in Nevada, prohibit an acquirer, under certain circumstances, from voting its shares of a target corporation's stock after crossing certain ownership threshold percentages, unless the acquirer obtains approval of the target corporation's disinterested stockholders. The statute specifies three thresholds: one-fifth or more but less than one-third, one-third but less than a majority, and a majority or more, of the outstanding voting power. Once an acquirer crosses one of the above thresholds, those shares in an offer or acquisition and acquired within 90 days thereof become "control shares" and such control shares are deprived of the right to vote until disinterested stockholders restore the right. These provisions also provide that if control shares are accorded full voting rights and the acquiring person has acquired a majority or more of all voting power, all other stockholders who do not vote in favor of authorizing voting rights to the control shares are entitled to demand payment for the fair value of their shares in accordance with statutory procedures established for dissenters' rights.
Our articles of incorporation state that we have elected not to be governed by the "control share" provisions, therefore, these provisions do not apply to us currently.

 

 
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Our articles of incorporation authorize the Company to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted under Nevada law.
Our amended and restated bylaws require us to indemnify any present and former directors, officers, employees, agents, partners, trustees and each person who serves in any such capacities at our request against all costs, expenses, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities and all amounts paid in settlement reasonably incurred by such persons in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, action, suit or proceeding brought against such person by reason of the fact that such person was a director, officer, employee, agent, partner or trustees of the Company. We will only indemnify such persons if one of the groups set out below determines that such person has conducted themselves in good faith and that such person: (a) reasonably believed that their conduct was in or not opposed to the Company's best interests; or with respect to criminal proceedings had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful.
Our amended and restated bylaws also require us to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of our Company to procure a judgment in our company's favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of our Company or is or was serving at the request of our Company in any such capacities against all costs, expenses, judgments, penalties, fines, liabilities and all amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person. We will only indemnify such persons if one of the groups set out below determined that such person has conducted themselves in good faith and that such person reasonably believed that their conduct was in or not opposed to our Company's best interests. Unless a court otherwise orders, we will not indemnify any such person if such person shall have been adjudged to be liable for gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of such person's duty to our Company.
The determination to indemnify any such person may be made: (a) by our stockholders; (b) by majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding; or (c) by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
We are permitted by our Bylaws to purchase and maintain insurance and make other financial arrangements on behalf of our officers and directors against any liability and expense incurred in such capacity, whether or not the Company would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability.
Insofar as indemnification by us for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling the Company pursuant to provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification by such director, officer or controlling person of us in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being offered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
At the present time, there is no pending litigation or proceeding involving a director, officer, employee or other agent of ours in which indemnification would be required or permitted. We are not aware of any threatened litigation or proceeding, which may result in a claim for such indemnification.

 

 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Reference is made to the disclosure set forth under Item 9.01 of this Current Report concerning the financial statements and supplementary data of the Company, which is incorporated herein by reference.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
Reference is made to the disclosure set forth under Item 9.01 of this Current Report concerning the financial statements and exhibits filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference.
Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
On March 27, 2012, as part of the consummation of the Transaction and in exchange for all of the issued and outstanding units of membership interest of Summer LLC from the former members of Summer LLC, we issued 9,697,624 shares of restricted common stock to the former members of Summer LLC. The issuance of such securities was made in reliance upon exemptions from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933.
Issuances by Summer LLC of Unregistered Securities Prior to Transaction
Between June 16, 2011 and September 19, 2011, Summer LLC issued a total of 9,396,109 units of membership interest to 22 investors for an aggregate purchase price of $2,574,499. Each of the investors qualified as an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501 under the Securities Act of 1933. The offering was made with no general solicitation or advertising, and was limited to individuals with whom management of Summer LLC had a pre-existing relationship. The issuance of such securities was made in reliance upon exemptions from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933.
On November 30, 2011, Summer LLC entered into an agreement with two individuals, pursuant to which it agreed to pay $100,000 to each of the two individuals in exchange for each such individual agreeing to act as a surety in connection with a combined $500,000 line of credit from a financial institution and certain extensions of credit by critical vendors that are necessary for Summer LLC to carry out its business. The payments are due in full on November 30, 2012, provided that each of the individuals may elect, on November 30, 2012, and in their discretion, to receive payment in units of membership interest of Summer LLC, in which case 757,576 units of membership interest would be issued to the individual making that election. As a result of the Transaction, the right to convert the payments into units of membership interest in Summer LLC now constitutes a right to convert the payments into shares of common stock of the Company. Each of the individuals represented to Summer LLC that he or she qualifies as an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501 under the Securities Act of 1933, and the agreements were entered into in reliance upon exemptions contained in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.
On December 16, 2011, Summer LLC issued a total of 151,515 units of membership interest in Summer LLC to two individuals who agreed to act as sureties of Summer LLC in connection with loans and extensions of credit incurred by Summer LLC. Each of the individuals represented to Summer LLC that he qualifies as an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501 under the Securities Act of 1933, and the agreements were entered into in reliance upon exemptions contained in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. For more information see the disclosure under the section entitled "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence" of this Current Report.
On January 13, 2012, Summer LLC issued to a single individual 150,000 units of membership interest in Summer LLC in settlement of certain potential claims. The issuance of the units of membership interest was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

 

 
On January 17, 2012, Summer LLC granted to Cambria, a FINRA member broker-dealer, a seven-year warrant to purchase 400,000 units of membership interest of Summer LLC at an exercise price of $0.60 per unit, in consideration for financial consulting services and advice. As a result of the Transaction, the warrant has been converted to become a warrant entitling the warrant holder to purchase 400,000 shares of restricted common stock of the Company for $0.60 per share at any time from and after the date which is one (1) year from the closing date of the Transaction. The grant of the warrant, and the issuance of the common stock upon exercise of the warrant, are exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. For more information see the disclosure under the section entitled "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence" of this Current Report.
In instances described above where we indicate a reliance upon Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, our reliance was based in part upon representations made by each party receiving securities that: (a) such party is acquiring the securities for his, her or its own account for investment and not for the account of any other person and not with a view to or for distribution, assignment or resale in connection with any distribution within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, (b) the party agrees not to sell or otherwise transfer the securities unless they are registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and any applicable state securities laws, or an exemption from such registration is available, (c) the party has knowledge and experience in financial and business matters such that he, she or it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in us, (d) the party had access to all of our documents, records, and books pertaining to the investment and was provided the opportunity ask questions and receive answers regarding the terms and conditions of the offering or issuance and to obtain any additional information which we possessed or were able to acquire without unreasonable effort and expense, and (e) the party has no need for the liquidity in its investment in us and could afford the complete loss of such investment. In any instant in which we relied upon Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, the total number of investors was less than 35 and management made the determination, based upon written representations from each investor, that each investor either: (a) was an accredited investor as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D, or (b) was furnished the information specified in Rule 502(b)(2) a reasonable time prior to the applicable sale. In addition, there was no general solicitation or advertising for securities issued in reliance upon Regulation D.
In instances described above where we indicate a reliance upon Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, our reliance was based in part upon the following factors: (a) the issuance of the securities was an isolated private transaction by us which did not involve a public offering; (b) there were a limited number of offerees; (c) there were no subsequent or contemporaneous public offerings of the securities by us; (d) the securities were not broken down into smaller denominations; and (e) the negotiations for the sale of the securities took place directly between the offeree and us.
Item 5.01 Change in Control of the Registrant
On March 27, 2012, we consummated the Transaction and the former members of Summer LLC became our controlling stockholders. The description of the Transaction and the issuance of our common stock to the former members of Summer LLC is incorporated by reference herein from Item 2.01 above.
Other than the transactions and agreements disclosed in this Current Report, we know of no other arrangements which may result in our change in control.
Item 5.02 Departure of Directors or Principal Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Principal Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
(a) Resignation of Directors and Officers
Effective March 27, 2012, Jason Haislip resigned as a member of our board of directors and as our president and treasurer, Duane Smith resigned as a member of our board of directors and as our vice president, and Amie Coleman resigned as a member of our board of directors and as our secretary. There were no disagreements between any of Jason Haislip, Duane Smith or Amie Coleman which led to their resignations, and none of Jason Haislip, Duane Smith or Amie Coleman requested disclosure of any such matters in their resignation letters.
(b) Appointment of Directors
Effective at the closing of the Transaction, which occurred March 27, 2012, our board of directors increased its size from three to seven members. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Bylaws, the stockholders of the Company appointed Mace Meeks and Michael Vanderhoof as Class I directors, Andrew Priest and James Stapleton as Class II directors, and Rod Danielson, Jaleea George and Stuart Gaylor as Class III directors, to fill the vacancies created by the increase in the size of the board and the resignations of Mr. Haislip, Mr. Smith and Ms. Coleman.

 

 
(b) Appointment of Officers
Effective at the closing of the Transaction, which occurred March 27, 2012, our board of directors appointed Rod Danielson as our President and Chief Executive Officer and Jaleea George as our Treasurer, Secretary, and Chief Financial Officer.
For certain biographical and other information regarding the newly appointed officers and directors, see the disclosure under Item 2.01 of this Current Report, which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
(e) Adoption of 2012 Stock Option and Award Plan
On January 13, 2012, as a negotiated term of the Contribution Agreement, the Company's board of directors approved the 2012 Stock Option and Stock Award Plan (the "2012 Plan"). The stockholders of the Company approved the adoption of the 2012 Plan at the Special Meeting of Stockholders (the "Special Meeting") held on March 15, 2012, as set forth in a Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 16, 2012. A total of 785,000 shares of the Company's common stock have been reserved for issuance pursuant to options or awards granted under the 2012 Plan.
The purpose of the 2012 Plan is to advance the interests of the Company and its shareholders by providing an incentive to attract, retain and reward persons performing services for the Company and any parent or subsidiary thereof and by motivating such persons to contribute to the growth and profitability of the Company.
A summary of the material terms of the 2012 Plan is contained below. This summary should be read with and is subject to the specific provisions of the 2012 Plan, a copy of which is filed herewith and incorporated herein by reference. The Company has never previously adopted a stock incentive plan and there are no stock options or stock awards outstanding. Stockholders approved the 2012 Plan to qualify stock options as incentive stock options for purposes of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"), and to qualify certain compensation under the 2012 Plan as performance-based compensation for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code.
Key Features of the 2012 Plan
The 2012 Plan contains features that the board believes are consistent with the interests of our stockholders and sound governance principles. These features include the following:
 
 
 
 
Administration. The board has general administrative authority for the 2012 Plan and may delegate such authority to a committee of two or more members of the board (the board or such committee, the "Administrator"). The board has broad authority under the 2012 Plan including the authority to select Participants (as defined below) and determine awards, establish the terms and conditions of awards, and make certain adjustments to awards.
 
 
 
 
Eligibility. All employees, members of the board (whether or not employed by the Company or an affiliated company) and service providers are eligible to receive awards under the 2012 Plan. Award recipients are referred to as a "Participants."
 
 
 
 
Types of Awards. The Administrator may grant stock options, restricted stock or stock appreciation rights to eligible Participants under the 2012 Plan.
 
 
 
 
Performance-Based Compensation. The 2012 Plan is structured to permit awards that satisfy the performance-based compensation requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code so as to enhance deductibility of compensation provided under the 2012 Plan.

 

 
Shares Subject to the 2012 Plan and Limits on Awards
A maximum of 785,000 shares of the Company's common stock, representing approximately 7.5% of the number of currently issued and outstanding shares of common stock, may be issued and sold under all awards, restricted or unrestricted, granted under the 2012 Plan. The maximum number of shares of common stock with respect to one or more awards that may be granted to any Participant during any calendar year shall be 200,000.
Administration of the 2012 Plan
The board or a committee selected by the board will administer the 2012 Plan. Such committee must be comprised of at least two members of the board. Performance-based awards under the 2012 Plan must be made by a committee that consists solely of outside directors determined under Section 162(m) of the Code. The board may also terminate or amend the 2012 Plan at any time.
The Administrator shall have full power and authority, among other things: (a) to determine the persons to whom and the time or times at which awards shall be granted, the number of shares of common stock to be represented by each stock option or stock appreciation rights agreement and the number of shares of common stock to be subject to each restricted stock purchase agreement, and the consideration to be received by the Company upon the exercise of such stock options or stock appreciation rights or sales or awards of restricted stock; (b) to interpret the 2012 Plan; (c) to create, amend or rescind rules and regulations relating to the 2012 Plan; (d) to determine the terms, conditions and restrictions contained in, and the form of, award agreements; (e) to determine the identity or capacity of any persons who may be entitled to exercise a Participant's rights under any award agreement under the 2012 Plan; (f) to correct any defect or supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in the 2012 Plan or in any award agreement; (g) to accelerate the vesting of any award or release or waive any of the Company's repurchase rights with respect to any award; (h) to extend the exercise date of any stock option or stock appreciation right (but not beyond the original expiration date); (i) to provide for rights of first refusal and/or repurchase rights; (j) to amend outstanding award agreements to provide for, among other things, any change or modification which the Administrator could have included in the original award agreement or in furtherance of the powers provided for herein; and (k) to make all other determinations necessary or advisable for the administration of the 2012 Plan, but only to the extent not contrary to the express provisions of the 2012 Plan. Any action, decision, interpretation or determination made in good faith by the Administrator in the exercise of its authority conferred upon it under the 2012 Plan shall be final and binding on the Company and all Participants.
Eligibility
Only employees of the Company or an affiliated company (including officers and members of the board that are employees of the Company or an affiliated company) are eligible to receive incentive stock options under the 2012 Plan. Employees, members of the board (whether or not employed by the Company or an affiliated company) and service providers are eligible to receive nonqualified stock options, restricted stock or stock appreciation rights under the 2012 Plan.
Types of Awards
Awards that may be granted under the 2012 Plan include stock options, stock appreciation rights, and restricted stock.
Stock Options. The 2012 Plan provides for grant of both Incentive Stock Options and nonqualified stock options. Incentive stock option benefits are taxed differently from nonqualified stock options. Incentive stock options are also subject to more restrictive terms and are limited in amount by the Code and the terms of the 2012 Plan. Incentive stock options may only be granted to employees of the Company or an affiliated company. Options must be evidenced by grant agreements specifying the number of shares of stock covered thereby. The exercise price of a stock option is established in the discretion of the Administrator, provided that: (a) the exercise price per share for an Incentive Stock Option granted to an individual who owns 10% or more of the Company's common stock may not be less than 110% of the fair market value of the stock, and (b) the exercise price for an Incentive Stock Option granted to all other Participants or for a nonqualified stock option may not be less than the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. The maximum term of a stock option is ten years from the date of grant, and the 2012 Plan provides for various methods of payment upon exercise of an option.
Stock Appreciation Rights . A stock appreciation right (SAR) is the right to receive payment of an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the date of exercise of the stock appreciation right over the base price of the stock appreciation right. The Administrator will establish the base price at the time of grant of the SAR, which may not be less than the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the date of grant, and the maximum term of a stock appreciation right is ten years from the date of grant. Any SAR granted is exercisable at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator, including performance criteria with respect to the Company.

 

 
Restricted Stock . A grant, award or sale of restricted stock typically involves the grant, award or sale of restricted stock to a Participant subject to restrictions on vesting. Such a grant must be evidenced by a grant agreement which will provide, among other things, that any shares of restricted stock so granted may not be transferred with a period specified in the agreement and that the grant of such shares is subject to performance criteria.
Change in Control
In the event of a change in control, the surviving, continuing, successor, or purchasing corporation or parent corporation thereof, as the case may be, may either assume the Company's rights and obligations under outstanding options or substitute for outstanding options substantially equivalent options for the acquiring corporation's stock.
Item 5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
Amendment to the Company's Articles of Incorporation
On March 27, 2012 the Company amended its Articles of Incorporation to (i) effect a 1-for-4 reverse stock split (the "Reverse Split") in the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock; (ii) change of the Company's name to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc.; and (iii) increase the number of authorized shares of the Company's common stock from 50,000,000 shares to 100,000,000 shares. A copy of the amendment to the Articles of Incorporation is filed herewith and incorporated herein by reference.
Reverse Split
Pursuant to the Reverse Split, which occurred immediately prior to closing of the Transaction, stockholders of the Company received one share of the Company's $0.001 par value common stock for each four shares of common stock previously held by them, thus causing the 4,178,348 shares of common stock currently outstanding to be converted to approximately 1,044,587 shares of common stock. Any stockholder of the Company that would have otherwise been entitled to a fraction of a share of Company common stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Company common stock to be received by such holder) as a result of the Reverse Split, received an additional share of Company common stock (i.e., the aggregate number of shares of Company common stock of a shareholder resulting from the Reverse Split would be rounded up to the nearest whole number). The Reverse Split did not affect the number of authorized shares of capital stock of the Company or the par value of the Company common stock. Further, in connection with, and prior to the consummation of, the Transaction, certain stockholders of the Company cancelled and returned to the Company for cancellation a total of 237,500 post-split shares of the Company's common stock so that, immediately prior to consummation of the Transaction, the Company had a total of 807,087 post-split shares of its common stock issued and outstanding and 25,000 post-split shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding warrants. At closing, the Company issued 9,697,624 post-split shares of its common stock to the former members of Summer LLC on a 1-for-1 basis in exchange for their Summer LLC units of membership interest, causing the former Summer LLC members to own approximately 92.3% of the Company's issued and outstanding common stock. The outstanding warrants and convertible obligations of Summer LLC were converted into the right to receive shares of the Company's common stock on the same terms and conditions as contained in such warrants and convertible obligations.

 

 
Amendment and Restatement of the Bylaws of the Company
On March 15, 2012, prior to the consummation of the Transaction but with an effective date as of March 27, 2012, the Company's stockholders approved the amended and restated bylaws of the Company. The amended and restated bylaws provide for classification of directors and otherwise reflect modifications consistent with good corporate governance. A copy of the amended and restated bylaws is filed herewith and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 5.06 Change in Shell Company Status
Reference is made to the disclosure set forth under Item 2.01, which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits
(a) Financial Statements of Business Acquired
The audited balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 and statements of operations, members' equity and cash flow for the period of April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011 of Summer Energy, LLC are filed as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report and are incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Pro Forma Financial Information
The pro forma balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 and pro forma Statement of Operations for the period ended December 31, 2011 to reflect the acquisition of the business operations of Summer Energy, LLC are filed as Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report and are incorporated herein by reference.
(c) Shell Company Transactions
The Company was not a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) prior to the closing of the Transaction. If for some reason the Company were considered to have been a shell company prior to the closing of the Transaction, reference is made to Items 9.01(a) and 9.01(b) and the exhibits referred to therein, which are incorporated herein by reference.

 

 
(d) Exhibits
 
 
 
Exhibit No.
 
Description
2.1
 
Agreement and Plan of Contribution, by and among Castwell Precast Corporation, Summer Energy, LLC and the members of Summer Energy, LLC. (1)
 
 
 
3.1
 
Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation filed with the Nevada Secretary of State effective March 27, 2012 (Articles of Incorporation of the Company are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed on July 16, 2007).
 
 
 
3.2
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company.
 
 
 
10.1
 
Form of Master Power Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of August 9, 2011 by and between Summer Energy, LLC and BP Energy Company.
 
 
 
10.2
 
Advisory Agreement by and between Summer Energy, LLC and Cambria Capital, LLC dated November 1, 2011.
 
 
 
10.3
 
Warrant to Purchase Units of Membership Interest dated January 17, 2012.
 
 
 
10.4
 
Form of Agreement to Assist with Credit Facility dated November 30, 2011.
 
 
 
10.5
 
Agreement to Assist with Credit Facility - Rod Danielson, dated December 16, 2011.
 
 
 
10.6
 
2012 Stock Option and Stock Award Plan.
 
 
 
10.7
 
Form of Lock Up Agreement.
 
 
 
21.1
 
Schedule of Subsidiaries.
 
 
 
99.1
 
Audited balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 and statements of operations, members' equity and cash flow for the period of April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011 of Summer Energy, LLC.
 
 
 
99.2
 
Pro forma balance sheet as of December 31, 2011 and pro forma Statement of Operations for the period ended December 31, 2011 to reflect the acquisition of the business operations of Summer Energy, LLC.
 
 
 
99.3
 
Press release dated March 30, 2012.
(1) Incorporated by reference to the Company's current report on Form 8-K filed on January 19, 2012.

 

 
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
SUMMER ENERGY HOLDINGS, INC.
 
 
 
Dated: March 30, 2012
By:
/s/ Roderick L. Danielson
 
 
Roderick L. Danielson
 
 
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 
Exhibit 3.1
 
   
 
   
ROSS MILLER
Secretary of State
204 North Carson Street Suite 1
Carson City, Nevada 89701-4520
(77S) 684-5708
Website: www.nvsos.gov
   
Filed in the office of
Document Number
   
20120183106-04
   
Filing Date and Time
   
Ross Miller
03/15/2012 12:30 PM
   
Secretary of State
Entity Number
   
State of Nevada
E0149972005-2
Certificate of Amendment
     
(PURSUANT TO NRS 78.385 AND 78.390)
     
       
       
USE BLACK INK ONLY - DO NOT HIGHLIGHT
 
ABOVE SPACE IS FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation
For Nevada Profit Corporations
(Pursuant to NRS 78.385 and 78.390 - After Issuance of Stock)
 
1. Name of corporation:
 
Castwell Precast Corporation
 
 
2. The articles have been amended as follows: (provide article numbers, if available)
 
Pursuant to the Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Castwell Precast Corporation, a copy of which is attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference, the Corporation's Articles of Incorporation have been amended as follows:
A. Article I has been amended to change the name of the Corporation to "Summer Energy Holdings, Inc."
B. Article IV has been amended to increase the authorized number of shares of common stock to 100,000,000 shares, par value $0,001
C. The Articles of Incorporation have been amended to effect a l-for-4 reverse stock split in the issued and outstanding shares of the Corporation's common stock.
 
3. The vote by which the stockholders holding shares in the corporation entitling them to exercise a least a majority of the voting power, or such greater proportion of the voting power as may be required in the case of a vote by classes or series, or as may be required by the provisions of the articles of incorporation* have voted in favor of the amendment is: 3,125,771
4. Effective date and time of filing: (optional) Date: March 27, 2012 Time:
(must not be later than 90 days after the certificate is filed)
5. Signature: (required)
   
X
 
Signature of Officer
 
*lf any proposed Amendment would alter or change any preference or any relative or other right given to any class or series of outstanding shares, then the amendment must be approved by the vote, in addition to the affirmative vote otherwise required, of the holders of shares representing a majority of the voting power of each class or series affected by the amendment regardless to limitations or restrictions on the voting power thereof.
IMPORTANT: Failure to include any of the above information and submit with the proper fees may cause this filing to be rejected.
Nevada Secretary of State Amend Profit-After
Revised: 8-31-11
This form must be accompanied by appropriate fees.
 

 

 
 
Exhibit A
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF
CASTWELL PRECAST CORPORATION
          Pursuant to section 78.390 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, Castwell Precast Corporation, a Nevada corporation, hereinafter referred to as the "Corporation," hereby adopts the following Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation.
          1.  The Corporation's Articles of Incorporation are hereby amended by deleting Article I thereof in its entirety and replacing it with the following:
ARTICLE I
NAME
               The name of this Corporation (the "Corporation") shall be:
Summer Energy Holdings, Inc.
          2.  The Corporation's Articles of Incorporation are hereby amended by deleting the first paragraph of Article IV captioned "Authorized Shares" in its entirety and replacing it with the following:
 
 
 
          The Corporation shall have authority to issue an aggregate of 110,000,000 shares, of which 10,000,000 shares shall be preferred stock, par value $0.001 (the "Preferred Stock"), and 100,000,000 shares shall be common stock, par value $0.001 (the "Common Stock"). The powers, preferences, and rights, and the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of the shares of stock of each class and series which the Corporation shall be authorized to issue, are as follows:
          3.  The Corporation's Articles of Incorporation are hereby amended to effect a 1-for-4 reverse stock split in the issued and outstanding shares of the Corporation's common stock (the "Reverse Stock Split") as follows:
 
 
 
          At the close of business on the effective date of this Amendment, the Corporation shall effect a reverse split in its issued and outstanding shares of common stock so that the 4,178,348 shares currently issued and outstanding shall be reverse split, or consolidated, on a 1-for-4 basis and shareholders shall receive one share of the Corporation's post-split common stock, $0.001 par value, for each 4 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value, held by them on the effective date of the reverse split. No scrip or fractional shares will be issued in connection with the reverse split and any fractional interests will be rounded up to the nearest whole share. The reverse split will not result in any modification of the rights of stockholders, and will have no effect on the stockholders' equity in the Corporation except for a transfer from stated capital to additional paid-in capital. All shares returned to the Corporation as a result of the reverse split will be canceled and returned to the status of authorized and unissued shares.
          4.   Except as specifically provided herein, the Corporation's Articles of Incorporation shall remain unmodified and shall continue in full force and effect.
          5.   This Certificate of Amendment and the reverse stock split provided for herein shall be effective on March 27, 2012. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation's board of directors may, by resolution, abandon the proposed amendment without further action by the stockholders at any time before the effective date hereof.
          6.   By execution hereof, the Corporation's President certifies that the foregoing Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Castwell Precast Corporation was duly authorized and adopted by the Corporation's board of directors and was approved by the Corporation's stockholders at a special meeting held on March 15, 2012 by the affirmative vote of stockholders holding 3,125,771 shares of the Corporation's common stock, which constituted a majority of the shares of the Corporation's common stock that were issued and outstanding on February 27, 2012, the record date.
 
 
 
Dated as of March 15, 2012.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Castwell Precast Corporation
 
 
 
 
By
/s/ Jason Haislip
 
 
Jason Haislip, President

 

 
Exhibit 3.2
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
SUMMER ENERGY HOLDINGS, INC.
(Formerly Known as Castwell Precast Corporation)
A NEVADA CORPORATION
AS ADOPTED MARCH 27, 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Page
ARTICLE I OFFICES
 
 
 
 
 
 
Section 1.01
Registered Office
 
1
Section 1.02
Locations of Offices
 
1
 
 
 
ARTICLE II STOCKHOLDERS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Section 2.01
Annual Meeting
 
1
Section 2.02
Special Meetings
 
1
Section 2.03
Place of Meetings
 
1
Section 2.04
Notice of Meetings
 
1
Section 2.05
Waiver of Notice
 
1
Section 2.06
Fixing Record Date
 
2
Section 2.07
Voting Lists
 
2
Section 2.08
Quorum
 
2
Section 2.09
Vote Required
 
2
Section 2.10
Voting of Stock
 
2
Section 2.11
Proxies
 
2
Section 2.12
Written Consent to Action by Stockholders
 
3
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE III DIRECTORS
 
 
 
 
 
Section 3.01
Number, Term, and Qualifications
 
3
Section 3.02
Vacancies and Newly Created Directorships
 
3
Section 3.03
General Powers
 
4
Section 3.04
Regular Meetings
 
4
Section 3.05
Special Meetings
 
4
Section 3.06
Meetings by Telephone Conference Call
 
4
Section 3.07
Notice
 
4
Section 3.08
Quorum
 
4
Section 3.09
Manner of Acting
 
4
Section 3.10
Compensation
 
4
Section 3.11
Presumption of Assent
 
5
Section 3.12
Resignations
 
5
Section 3.13
Written Consent to Action by Directors
 
5
Section 3.14
Removal
 
5
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE IV OFFICERS
 
 
 
 
 
Section 4.01
Number
 
5
Section 4.02
Election, Term of Office, and Qualifications
 
5
Section 4.03
Subordinate Officers, Etc.
 
5
i
 

 
 
 
 
 
Section 4.04
Resignations
 
6
Section 4.05
Removal
 
6
Section 4.06
Vacancies and Newly Created Offices
 
6
Section 4.07
The Chairman of the Board
 
6
Section 4.08
The Chief Executive Officer
 
6
Section 4.09
The President
 
6
Section 4.10
The Chief Financial Officer
 
7
Section 4.11
The Vice Presidents
 
7
Section 4.12
The Secretary
 
7
Section 4.13
The Treasurer
 
8
Section 4.14
Salaries
 
8
Section 4.15
Surety Bonds
 
8
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE V EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS, BORROWING OF MONEY, AND DEPOSIT OF CORPORATE FUNDS
 
 
 
 
Section 5.01
Execution of Instruments
 
9
Section 5.02
Loans
 
9
Section 5.03
Deposits
 
9
Section 5.04
Checks, Drafts, Etc.
 
9
Section 5.05
Bonds and Debentures
 
9
Section 5.06
Sale, Transfer, Etc. of Securities
 
9
Section 5.07
Proxies
 
9
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE VI CAPITAL SHARES
 
 
 
 
 
Section 6.01
Stock Certificates
 
10
Section 6.02
Transfer of Stock
 
10
Section 6.03
Regulations
 
10
Section 6.04
Maintenance of Stock Ledger at Principal Place of Business
 
10
Section 6.05
Transfer Agents and Registrars
 
10
Section 6.06
Closing of Transfer Books and Fixing of Record Date
 
10
Section 6.07
Lost or Destroyed Certificates
 
11
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE VII EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND OTHER COMMITTEES
 
 
 
Section 7.01
How Constituted
 
11
Section 7.02
Powers
 
11
Section 7.03
Proceedings
 
11
Section 7.04
Quorum and Manner of Acting
 
11
Section 7.05
Resignations
 
12
Section 7.06
Removal
 
12
Section 7.07
Vacancies
 
12
Section 7.08
Compensation
 
12
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE VIII INDEMNIFICATION, INSURANCE, AND OFFICER AND DIRECTOR CONTRACTS
 
 
 
Section 8.01
Indemnification: Third Party Actions
 
12
Section 8.02
Indemnification: Corporate Actions
 
12
ii
 

 
Section 8.03
Determination
 
13
Section 8.04
Advances
 
13
Section 8.05
Scope of Indemnification
 
13
Section 8.06
Insurance
 
13
Section 8.07
Officer and Director Contracts
 
13
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE IX FISCAL YEAR
 
14
 
 
 
ARTICLE X DIVIDENDS
 
14
 
 
 
ARTICLE XI AMENDMENTS
 
14
 
 
 
CERTIFICATE OF SECRETARY
 
14
iii
 

 
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
SUMMER ENERGY HOLDINGS, INC.
(formerly Castwell Precast Corporation)
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
          Section 1.01 Registered Office . The registered office shall be in the city of Las Vegas, state of Nevada, and the registered agent of the corporation shall be CSC Services of Nevada, Inc.
          Section 1.02 Locations of Offices . The corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without the state of Nevada as the board of directors may from time to time determine or the business of the corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
STOCKHOLDERS
          Section 2.01 Annual Meeting . The corporation shall hold an annual meeting of stockholders at such time, date and place as the board of directors shall determine, for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may come before the meeting. If the election of directors shall not be held on the day designated herein for the annual meeting of the stockholders, or at any adjournment thereof, the board of directors shall cause the election to be held at a special meeting of the stockholders as soon thereafter as may be convenient.
          Section 2.02 Special Meetings . Special meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time by the board of directors, by the chief executive officer or by the chairman of the board of directors.
          Section 2.03 Place of Meetings . The board of directors may designate any place, either within or without the state of incorporation, as the place of meeting for any annual meeting or for any special meeting called by the board of directors. A waiver of notice signed by all stockholders entitled to vote at a meeting may designate any place, either within or without the state of incorporation, as the place for the holding of such meeting. If no designation is made, the place of meeting shall be at the principal office of the corporation.
          Section 2.04 Notice of Meetings . The secretary or assistant secretary, if any, shall cause notice of the time, place, and purpose or purposes of all meetings of the stockholders (whether annual or special), to be mailed at least ten (10) days, but not more than sixty (60) days, prior to the meeting, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote.
          Section 2.05 Waiver of Notice . Any stockholder may waive notice of any meeting of stockholders (however called or noticed, whether or not called or noticed and whether before, during, or after the meeting), by signing a written waiver of notice or a consent to the holding of such meeting, or an approval of the minutes thereof. Attendance at a meeting, in person or by proxy, shall constitute waiver of all defects of notice regardless of whether waiver, consent, or approval is signed or any objections are made, unless attendance is solely for the purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. All such waivers, consents, or approvals shall be made a part of the minutes of the meeting.
1
 

 
          Section 2.06 Fixing Record Date . For the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or stockholder entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or entitled to exercise any rights in respect to any change, conversion, or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of stockholders, such date in any case to be not more than sixty (60) days and, in case of a meeting of stockholders, not less than ten (10) days prior to the date on which the particular action requiring such determination of stockholders is to be taken. If no record date is fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting, the day preceding the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed shall be the record date. For any other purpose, the record date shall be the close of business on the date on which the resolution of the board of directors pertaining thereto is adopted. When a determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof. Failure to comply with this section shall not affect the validity of any action taken at a meeting of stockholders.
          Section 2.07 Voting Lists . The officers of the corporation shall cause to be prepared from the stock ledger, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting or any adjournment thereof, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. The original stock ledger shall be prima facie evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger, the list required by this section, or the books of the corporation, or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.
          Section 2.08 Quorum . Stock representing a majority of the voting power of all outstanding stock of the corporation entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of the stockholders for the transaction of business, except as otherwise provided by statute or by the articles of incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
          Section 2.09 Vote Required . When a quorum is present at a meeting, the vote of the holders of stock having a majority of the voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide all questions brought before such meeting, unless a question is one on which, by express provision of the statutes of the state of Nevada or of the articles of incorporation, a different vote is required, in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question.
          Section 2.10 Voting of Stock . Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, each stockholder shall at every meeting of the stockholders be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of the voting capital stock held by such stockholder, subject to the modification of such voting rights of any class or classes of the corporation's capital stock by the articles of incorporation.
          Section 2.11 Proxies . At each meeting of the stockholders, each stockholder entitled to vote shall be entitled to vote in person or by proxy; provided, however, that the right to vote by proxy shall exist only in case the instrument authorizing such proxy to act shall have been executed in writing by the registered holder or holders of such stock, as the case may be, as shown on the stock ledger of the corporation or by his attorney who has been duly authorized in writing. Such instrument authorizing a proxy to act shall be delivered at the beginning of such meeting to the secretary of the corporation or to such other officer or person who may, in the absence of the secretary, be acting as secretary of the meeting. In the event that any such instrument shall designate two or more persons to act as proxy, a majority of such persons present at the meeting, or if only one be present, that one shall (unless the instrument shall otherwise provide) have all of the powers conferred by the instrument on all persons so designated. Persons holding stock in a fiduciary capacity shall be entitled to vote the stock so held and the persons whose shares are pledged shall be entitled to vote, unless the transfer by the pledgor in the books and records of the corporation shall have expressly empowered the pledgee to vote thereon, in which case the pledgee, or his proxy, may represent such stock and vote thereon. No proxy shall be voted or acted on after six (6) months from its date, unless it is coupled with an interest or the proxy provides for a longer period, which may not exceed seven (7) years from the date of the proxy.
2
 

 
          Section 2.12 Written Consent to Action by Stockholders . Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice, and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
          Section 3.01 Number, Election, Term, and Qualifications . The number of directors which shall constitute the whole board shall be not less than one or more than nine. Within the limits above specified, the number of directors shall be determined by resolution of the board of directors or by the stockholders at the annual meeting of the stockholders or a special meeting called for such purpose, except as provided in section 3.02 of this article, and each director elected shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified. Directors need not be residents of the state of incorporation or stockholders of the corporation.
          The board of directors shall be divided into three classes, designated Class I, Class II and Class III, with each class containing, as nearly as may be possible, one-third of the total number of directors constituting the entire board of directors. Except for the initial directors elected upon adoption of these Amended and Restated Bylaws (who shall serve initial terms of one, two or three years as provided below) directors shall be elected for a term of three (3) years, with the term of office of one class expiring at each annual meeting of stockholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term of the initial Class I directors shall terminate at the first annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Amended and Restated Bylaws; the term of the initial Class II directors shall terminate at the second annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Amended and Restated Bylaws; and the term of the initial Class III directors shall terminate at the third annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Amended and Restated Bylaws; and as to each such director, until such director's successor shall be elected and shall qualify or upon such director's earlier resignation, removal from office, death or incapacity. At each annual meeting of stockholders beginning with the first annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Amended and Restated Bylaws, successors to the class of directors whose term expires at that annual meeting shall be elected for a three-year term. If the number of directors is changed, any increase or decrease shall be apportioned among the classes so as to maintain an equal number of directors in each class as nearly equal as possible, and any additional directors of any class elected to fill a vacancy resulting from an increase in such class shall hold office for a term that shall coincide with the remaining term of that class, but in no case will a decrease in the number of directors shorten the term of any incumbent director. A director shall hold office until the annual meeting for the year in which his term expires and until his successor shall be elected and shall qualify, subject, however, to prior death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office.
          Section 3.02 Vacancies and Newly Created Directorships . Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify. If there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by statute. Any director elected to fill a vacancy shall hold office for a term that shall coincide with the term of the class to which such director shall have been elected.
3
 

 
          Section 3.03 General Powers . The business of the corporation shall be managed under the direction of its board of directors which may exercise all such powers of the corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute, by the articles of incorporation, or by these bylaws, directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
          Section 3.04 Regular Meetings . A regular meeting of the board of directors shall be held without other notice than this bylaw immediately following, and at the same place as, the annual meeting of stockholders. The board of directors may provide by resolution the time and place, either within or without the state of incorporation, for the holding of additional regular meetings without other notice than such resolution.
          Section 3.05 Special Meetings . Special meetings of the board of directors may be called by or at the request of the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president, the chief operating officer, if such an officer is appointed, or any two directors. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the board of directors may fix any place, either within or without the state of incorporation, as the place for holding any special meeting of the board of directors called by them.
          Section 3.06 Meetings by Telephone Conference Call . Members of the board of directors may participate in a meeting of the board of directors or a committee of the board of directors by means of conference telephone or similar communication equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this section shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
          Section 3.07 Notice . Notice of any special meeting shall be given at least five (5) days prior to the date of the meeting. Notice must be in writing unless oral notice is reasonable under the circumstances. Notice may be communicated in person, by any form of electronic communication, or by mail or private carrier. The notice need not describe the purpose of the special meeting, unless otherwise required by law or these Bylaws. Notice shall be effective at the earliest of the following: (i) when received; (ii) five (5) days after it is mailed; (iii) on the date shown on the return receipt if sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, and the receipt is signed by or on behalf of the addressee; or (iv) when electronically transmitted in a manner and to an address provided by the director to the corporation in an unrevoked written consent. In addition to any other method of revocation of written consent to electronic transmission of a notice, such consent is deemed revoked if (i) the corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices transmitted by the corporation based on the consent; and (ii) the corporation's inability to deliver the notice by electronic transmission is known by the corporation's secretary, assistant secretary or transfer agent or any other person responsible for providing such notice.
          Any director may waive notice of any meeting. Attendance of a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a director attends a meeting solely for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
          Section 3.08 Quorum . The presence of a majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the board of directors, but if less than a majority is present at a meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice.
          Section 3.09 Manner of Acting . The act of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors, and individual directors shall have no power as such.
          Section 3.10 Compensation . By resolution of the board of directors, the directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the board of directors, and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the board of directors or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
          Section 3.11 Presumption of Assent . A director of the corporation who is present at a meeting of the board of directors at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his dissent shall be entered in the minutes of the meeting, unless he shall file his written dissent to such action with the person acting as the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof, or shall forward such dissent by registered or certified mail to the secretary of the corporation immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a director who voted in favor of such action.
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          Section 3.12 Resignations . A director may resign at any time by delivering a written resignation to either the chief executive officer, the president, the secretary, or assistant secretary, if any. The resignation shall become effective on its acceptance by the board of directors; provided, that if the board has not acted thereon within ten days from the date presented, the resignation shall be deemed accepted.
          Section 3.13 Written Consent to Action by Directors . Any action required to be taken at a meeting of the directors of the corporation or any other action which may be taken at a meeting of the directors or of a committee, may be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of the directors, or all of the members of the committee, as the case may be. Such consent shall have the same legal effect as a unanimous vote of all the directors or members of the committee.
          Section 3.14 Removal . Any director may be removed from office by the vote of stockholders representing not less than two-thirds of the voting power of issued and outstanding stock entitled to voting power.
          Section 3.15 Chair . One (1) director may be designated by a majority of the full board of directors as chairman of the board. The chairman of the board shall preside at all meetings of the board of directors.
ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
          Section 4.01 Number . The officers of the corporation shall be a president, a secretary, a treasurer, and such other officers as may be appointed by the board of directors, including, without limitation, a chairman of the board, a chief executive officer, one or more vice presidents, an assistant secretary, and an assistant treasurer.
          Section 4.02 Election, Term of Office, and Qualifications . The officers shall be chosen by the board of directors annually at its annual meeting. In the event of failure to choose officers at an annual meeting of the board of directors, officers may be chosen at any regular or special meeting of the board of directors. Each such officer (whether chosen at an annual meeting of the board of directors to fill a vacancy or otherwise) shall hold his office until the next ensuing annual meeting of the board of directors and until his successor shall have been chosen and qualified, or until his death resignation or removal in the manner provided in these bylaws. Any one person may hold any two or more of such offices. No person holding two or more offices shall act in or execute any instrument in the capacity of more than one office. The chairman of the board, if any, shall be and remain director of the corporation during the term of his office. No other officer need be a director.
          Section 4.03 Subordinate Officers, Etc. The board of directors from time to time may appoint such other officers or agents as it may deem advisable, each of whom shall have such title, hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as the board of directors from time to time may determine. The board of directors from time to time may delegate to any officer or agent the power to appoint any such subordinate officer or agents and to prescribe their respective titles, terms of office, authorities, and duties. Subordinate officers need not be stockholders or directors.
          Section 4.04 Resignations . Any officer may resign at any time by delivering a written resignation to the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president, or the secretary. Unless otherwise specified therein, such resignation shall take effect on delivery.
          Section 4.05 Removal . Any officer may be removed from office at any special meeting of the board of directors called for that purpose or at a regular meeting, by the vote of a majority of the directors, with or without cause. Any officer or agent appointed in accordance with the provisions of section 4.03 hereof may also be removed, either with or without cause, by any officer on whom such power of removal shall have been conferred by the board of directors.
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          Section 4.06 Vacancies and Newly Created Offices . If any vacancy shall occur in any office by reason of death, resignation, removal, disqualification, or any other cause, or if a new office shall be created, then such vacancies or newly created offices may be filled by the board of directors at any regular or special meeting.
          Section 4.07 The Chairman of the Board . The chairman of the board, if there be such an officer, shall have the following powers and duties:
 
 
 
          (a) If no chief executive officer has been appointed, he or she shall preside at all stockholders' meetings;
 
 
                    
          (b) He or she shall preside at all meetings of the board of directors; and
 
 
 
          (c) He or she shall be a member of the executive committee, if any.
          Section 4.08 The Chief Executive Officer . The chief executive officer, if there be such an officer, shall have the following powers and duties:
 
 
 
          (a) He or she shall, subject to the direction of the board of directors, have general charge of the business, affairs, and property of the corporation and general supervision over its officers, employees, and agents;
 
 
 
          (b) If no chairman of the board has been chosen, or if such officer is absent or disabled, he or she shall preside at meetings of the board of directors;
 
 
 
          (c) He or she shall preside at meetings of the stockholders;
 
 
 
          (d) He or she shall be a member of the executive committee, if any;
 
 
 
          (e) He or she shall be empowered to sign certificates representing stock of the corporation, the issuance of which shall have been authorized by the board of directors; and
 
 
 
          (f) He or she shall have all power and shall perform all duties normally incident to the office of a chief executive officer, and shall exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the board of directors.
          Section 4.09 The President . The president shall have the following powers and duties:
 
 
 
          (a) He or she shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the chief executive officer, if there is such an officer, or by the board of directors;
 
 
 
          (b) If no chief executive officer has been chosen, or if such officer is absent or disabled, he or she shall preside at meetings of the stockholders;
 
 
 
          (c) If no chief executive officer has been chosen, he or she shall preside at meetings of the directors if no chairman of the board has been chosen or if such chairman is absent or disabled; and
 
 
 
          (d) If no chief executive officer has been chosen, he or she shall be empowered to sign certificates representing stock of the corporation, the issuance of which shall have been authorized by the board of directors.
          Section 4.10 The Chief Financial Officer . The chief financial officer shall be responsible to the board of directors and the chief executive officer for all the financial affairs of the corporation, for supervision of all persons, including the treasurer, engaged in financial activities on behalf of the corporation, and for financial supervision and control, and internal audit, of the corporation and any subsidiaries of the corporation. He or she may sign, with such other officer(s) as the board of directors may designate for the purpose, all bills of exchange or promissory notes of the corporation. He or she shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her by the board of directors or the chief executive officer.
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          Section 4.11 The Vice Presidents . The board of directors may, from time to time, designate and elect one or more vice presidents, one of whom may be designated to serve as executive vice president. Each vice president shall have such powers and perform such duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chief executive officer, or the president. At the request of or in the absence or disability of the president, the executive vice president or, in the absence or disability of the executive vice president, the vice president designated by the board of directors or (in the absence of such designation by the board of directors) by the president, the senior vice president, shall perform all the duties of the president, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions upon, the president.
          Section 4.12 The Secretary . The secretary shall have the following powers and duties:
 
 
 
          (a) He or she shall keep or cause to be kept a record of all of the proceedings of the meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors in books provided for that purpose;
 
 
 
          (b) He or she shall cause all notices to be duly given in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws and as required by statute;
 
 
 
          (c) He or she shall be the custodian of the records and of the seal of the corporation, and shall cause such seal (or a facsimile thereof) to be affixed to all certificates representing stock of the corporation prior to the issuance thereof and to all instruments, the execution of which on behalf of the corporation under its seal shall have been duly authorized in accordance with these bylaws, and when so affixed, he may attest the same;
 
 
 
          (d) He or she shall assume that the books, reports, statements, certificates, and other documents and records required by statute are properly kept and filed;
 
 
 
          (e) He or she shall have charge of the stock ledger and books of the corporation and cause such books to be kept in such manner as to show at any time the amount of the stock of the corporation of each class issued and outstanding, the manner in which and the time when such stock was paid for, the names alphabetically arranged and the addresses of the holders of record thereof, the amount of stock held by each holder and time when each became such holder of record; and he or she shall exhibit at all reasonable times to any director, on application, the original or duplicate stock ledger. He or she shall cause the stock ledger referred to in section 6.04 hereof to be kept and exhibited at the principal office of the corporation, or at such other place as the board of directors shall determine, in the manner and for the purpose provided in such section;
 
 
 
          (f) He or she shall be empowered to sign certificates representing stock of the corporation, the issuance of which shall have been authorized by the board of directors; and
 
 
 
          (g) He or she shall perform in general all duties incident to the office of secretary and such other duties as are given to him or her by these bylaws or as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chief executive officer, or the president.
          Section 4.13 The Treasurer . Unless otherwise determined by the board of directors by the election or appointment to the office of chief financial officer of someone other than the person then holding the office of treasurer, the office of treasurer shall include the office of chief financial officer. He or she shall report to the chief financial officer and, in the absence of the chief financial officer, he or she shall perform all the duties of the chief financial officer. The treasurer shall have the following powers and duties:
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          (a) He or she shall have charge and supervision over and be responsible for the monies, securities, receipts, and disbursements of the corporation;
 
 
 
          (b) He or she shall cause the monies and other valuable effects of the corporation to be deposited in the name and to the credit of the corporation in such banks or trust companies or with such banks or other depositories as shall be selected in accordance with section 5.03 hereof;
 
 
 
          (c) He or she shall cause the monies of the corporation to be disbursed by checks or drafts (signed as provided in section 5.04 hereof) drawn on the authorized depositories of the corporation, and cause to be taken and preserved property vouchers for all monies disbursed;
 
 
 
          (d) He or she shall render to the board of directors or the chief executive officer, or the chief financial officer or the president, whenever requested, a statement of the financial condition of the corporation and of all of his transactions as treasurer, and render a full financial report at the annual meeting of the stockholders, if called upon to do so;
 
 
 
          (e) He or she shall cause to be kept correct books of account of all the business and transactions of the corporation and exhibit such books to any directors on request during business hours;
 
 
 
          (f) He or she shall be empowered from time to time to require from all officers or agents of the corporation reports or statements giving such information as he may desire with respect to any and all financial transactions of the corporation; and
 
 
 
          (g) He or she shall perform in general all duties incident to the office of treasurer and such other duties as are given to him or her by these bylaws or as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the chief financial officer or the president.
          Section 4.14 Salaries . The salaries and other compensation of the officers of the corporation shall be fixed from time to time by the board of directors, except that the board of directors may delegate to any person or group of persons the power to fix the salaries or other compensation of any subordinate officers or agents appointed in accordance with the provisions of section 4.03 hereof. No officer shall be prevented from receiving any such salary or compensation by reason of the fact that he or she is also a director of the corporation.
          Section 4.15 Surety Bonds . In case the board of directors shall so require, any officer or agent of the corporation shall execute to the corporation a bond in such sums and with such surety or sureties as the board of directors may direct, conditioned on the faithful performance of his or her duties to the corporation, including responsibility for negligence and for the accounting of all property, monies, or securities of the corporation which may come into his hands.
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ARTICLE V
EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS, BORROWING OF MONEY,
AND DEPOSIT OF CORPORATE FUNDS
          Section 5.01 Execution of Instruments . Subject to any limitation contained in the articles of incorporation or these bylaws, the chief executive officer, the president, or any vice president may, in the name and on behalf of the corporation, execute and deliver any contract or other instrument authorized in writing by the board of directors. The board of directors may, subject to any limitation contained in the articles of incorporation or in these bylaws, authorize in writing any officer or agent to execute and deliver any contract or other instrument in the name and on behalf of the corporation. Any such authorization may be general or confined to specific instances.
          Section 5.02 Loans . No loan or advance shall be contracted on behalf of the corporation, no negotiable paper or other evidence of its obligation under any loan or advance shall be issued in its name, and no property of the corporation shall be mortgaged, pledged, hypothecated, transferred, or conveyed as security for the payment of any loan, advance, indebtedness, or liability of the corporation, unless and except as authorized by the board of directors. Any such authorization may be general or confined to specific instances.
          Section 5.03 Deposits . All monies of the corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to its credit in such banks or trust companies or with such bankers or other depositories as the board of directors may select, or as from time to time may be selected by any officer or agent authorized to do so by the board of directors.
          Section 5.04 Checks, Drafts, Etc. All notes, drafts, acceptances, checks, endorsements, and, subject to the provisions of these bylaws, evidences of indebtedness of the corporation, shall be signed by such officer or officers or such agent or agents of the corporation and in such manner as the board of directors from time to time may determine. Endorsements for deposit to the credit of the corporation in any of its duly authorized depositories shall be in such manner as the board of directors from time to time may determine.
          Section 5.05 Bonds and Debentures . Every bond or debenture issued by the corporation shall be evidenced by an appropriate instrument which shall be signed by the chief executive officer or the president and by the secretary and sealed with the seal of the corporation. The seal may be a facsimile, engraved or printed. Where such bond or debenture is authenticated with the manual signature of an authorized officer of the corporation or other trustee designated by the indenture of trust or other agreement under which such security is issued, the signature of any of the corporation's officers named thereon may be a facsimile. In case any officer who signed, or whose facsimile signature has been used on any such bond or debenture, should cease to be an officer of the corporation for any reason before the same has been delivered by the corporation, such bond or debenture may nevertheless be adopted by the corporation and issued and delivered as through the person who signed it or whose facsimile signature has been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer.
          Section 5.06 Sale, Transfer, Etc. of Securities . Sales, transfers, endorsements, and assignments of stocks, bonds, and other securities owned by or standing in the name of the corporation, and the execution and delivery on behalf of the corporation of any and all instruments in writing incident to any such sale, transfer, endorsement, or assignment, shall be effected by the chief executive officer, the president, or by any vice president, together with the secretary, or by any officer or agent authorized by the board of directors.
          Section 5.07 Proxies . Proxies to vote with respect to stock of other corporations owned by or standing in the name of the corporation shall be executed and delivered on behalf of the corporation by the chief executive officer, the president or any vice president and the secretary or assistant secretary of the corporation, or by any officer or agent thereunder authorized by the board of directors.
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ARTICLE VI
CAPITAL SHARES
          Section 6.01 Stock Certificates . Every holder of stock in the corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate, signed by the chief executive officer or the president and the secretary or assistant secretary, and sealed with the seal (which may be a facsimile, engraved or printed) of the corporation, certifying the number and kind, class or series of stock owned by him in the corporation; provided, however, that where such a certificate is countersigned by (a) a transfer agent or an assistant transfer agent, or (b) registered by a registrar, the signature of any such chief executive officer, president, secretary, or assistant secretary may be a facsimile. In case any officer who shall have signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used on any such certificate, shall cease to be such officer of the corporation, for any reason, before the delivery of such certificate by the corporation, such certificate may nevertheless be adopted by the corporation and be issued and delivered as though the person who signed it, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used thereon, has not ceased to be such officer. Certificates representing stock of the corporation shall be in such form as provided by the statutes of the state of incorporation. There shall be entered on the stock books of the corporation at the time of issuance of each share, the number of the certificate issued, the name and address of the person owning the stock represented thereby, the number and kind, class or series of such stock, and the date of issuance thereof. Every certificate exchanged or returned to the corporation shall be marked "Canceled" with the date of cancellation.
          Section 6.02 Transfer of Stock . Transfers of stock of the corporation shall be made on the books of the corporation by the holder of record thereof, or by his attorney duly authorized by a power of attorney duly executed in writing and filed with the secretary of the corporation or any of its transfer agents, and on surrender of the certificate or certificates, properly endorsed or accompanied by proper instruments of transfer, representing such stock. Except as provided by law, the corporation and transfer agents and registrars, if any, shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any stock as the absolute owner thereof for all purposes, and accordingly shall not be bound to recognize any legal, equitable, or other claim to or interest in such stock on the part of any other person whether or not it or they shall have express or other notice thereof.
          Section 6.03 Regulations . Subject to the provisions of the articles of incorporation, the board of directors may make such rules and regulations as they may deem expedient concerning the issuance, transfer, redemption, and registration of certificates for stock of the corporation.
          Section 6.04 Maintenance of Stock Ledger at Principal Place of Business . A stock ledger (or ledgers where more than one kind, class, or series of stock is outstanding) shall be kept at the principal place of business of the corporation, or at such other place as the board of directors shall determine, containing the names, alphabetically arranged, of original stockholders of the corporation, their addresses, their interest, the amount paid on their shares, and all transfers thereof and the number and class of stock held by each. Such stock ledgers shall at all reasonable hours be subject to inspection by persons entitled by law to inspect the same.
          Section 6.05 Transfer Agents and Registrars . The board of directors may appoint one or more transfer agents and one or more registrars with respect to the certificates representing stock of the corporation, and may require all such certificates to bear the signature of either or both. The board of directors may from time to time define the respective duties of such transfer agents and registrars. No certificate for stock shall be valid until countersigned by a transfer agent, if at the date appearing thereon the corporation had a transfer agent for such stock, and until registered by a registrar, if at such date the corporation had a registrar for such stock.
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          Section 6.06 Closing of Transfer Books and Fixing of Record Date .
 
 
 
          (a) The board of directors shall have power to close the stock ledgers of the corporation for a period of not to exceed sixty (60) days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for payment of any dividend, or the date for the allotment of rights, or capital stock shall go into effect, or a date in connection with obtaining the consent of stockholders for any purpose.
 
 
 
          (b) In lieu of closing the stock ledgers as aforesaid, the board of directors may fix in advance a date, not exceeding sixty (60) days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, or a date in connection with obtaining any such consent, as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to a notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting and any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or to any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, or to give such consent.
 
 
 
          (c) If the stock ledgers shall be closed or a record date set for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, such books shall be closed for, or such record date shall be, at least ten days immediately preceding such meeting.
          Section 6.07 Lost or Destroyed Certificates . The corporation may issue a new certificate for stock of the corporation in place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost or destroyed, and the board of directors may, in its discretion, require the owner of the lost or destroyed certificate or his legal representatives, to give the corporation a bond in such form and amount as the board of directors may direct, and with such surety or sureties as may be satisfactory to the board, to indemnify the corporation and its transfer agents and registrars, if any, against any claims that may be made against it or any such transfer agent or registrar on account of the issuance of such new certificate. A new certificate may be issued without requiring any bond when, in the judgment of the board of directors, it is proper to do so.
ARTICLE VII
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND OTHER COMMITTEES
          Section 7.01 How Constituted . The board of directors may designate an executive committee and such other committees as the board of directors may deem appropriate, each of which committees shall consist of one or more directors. Members of the executive committee and of any other committee shall be designated annually at the annual meeting of the board of directors; provided, however, that at any time the board of directors may abolish or reconstitute the executive committee or any other committee. Each member of the executive committee and of any other committee shall hold office until his successor shall have been designated or until his resignation or removal in the manner provided in these bylaws.
          Section 7.02 Powers . During the intervals between meetings of the board of directors, the executive committee shall have and may exercise all powers of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, except for the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors or to amend these bylaws, and except for such powers as by law may not be delegated by the board of directors to an executive committee.
          Section 7.03 Proceedings . The executive committee, and such other committees as may be designated hereunder by the board of directors, may fix its own presiding and recording officer or officers, and may meet at such place or places, at such time or times and on such notice (or without notice) as it shall determine from time to time. It will keep a record of its proceedings and shall report such proceedings to the board of directors at the meeting of the board of directors next following.
          Section 7.04 Quorum and Manner of Acting . At all meetings of the executive committee, and of such other committees as may be designated hereunder by the board of directors, the presence of members constituting a majority of the total authorized membership of the committee shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of the members present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of such committee. The members of the executive committee, and of such other committees as may be designated hereunder by the board of directors, shall act only as a committee and the individual members thereof shall have no powers as such.
          Section 7.05 Resignations . Any member of the executive committee, and of such other committees as may be designated hereunder by the board of directors, may resign at any time by delivering a written resignation to either the chief executive officer, the president, the secretary, or assistant secretary, or to the presiding officer of the committee of which he is a member, if any shall have been appointed and shall be in office. Unless otherwise specified therein, such resignation shall take effect on delivery.
          Section 7.06 Removal . The board of directors may at any time remove any member of the executive committee or of any other committee designated by it hereunder either with or without cause.
          Section 7.07 Vacancies . If any vacancy should occur in the executive committee or of any other committee designated by the board of directors hereunder, by reason of disqualification, death, resignation, removal, or otherwise, the remaining members shall, until the filling of such vacancy, constitute the then total authorized membership of the committee and continue to act, unless such committee consisted of more than one member prior to the vacancy or vacancies and is left with only one member as a result thereof. Such vacancy may be filled at any meeting of the board of directors.
          Section 7.08 Compensation . The board of directors may allow a fixed sum and expenses of attendance to any member of the executive committee, or of any other committee designated by it hereunder, who is not an active salaried employee of the corporation for attendance at each meeting of the said committee.
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ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION, INSURANCE, AND
OFFICER AND DIRECTOR CONTRACTS
          Section 8.01 Indemnification: Third Party Actions . The corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit, or proceeding, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit, or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or on a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, does not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, he had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
          Section 8.02 Indemnification: Corporate Actions . The corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys' fees actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of the action or suit, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. Indemnification may not be made for any claim, issue, or matter as to which such a person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the corporation or for amounts paid in settlement to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.
          Section 8.03 Determination . To the extent that a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit, or proceeding referred to in sections 8.01 and 8.02 hereof, or in defense of any claim, issue, or matter therein, he must be indemnified against expenses, including attorneys' fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense. Any indemnification under sections 8.01 or 8.02, unless ordered by a court, shall be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case on a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee, or agent is proper in the circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in sections 8.01 or 8.02. The determination shall be made: (a) by the stockholders; (b) by the board of directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the act, suit, or proceeding; (c) if a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the act, suit or proceeding so orders, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion; or (d) if a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the act, suit or proceeding cannot be obtained, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
          Section 8.04 Advances . Expenses incurred by officers and directors in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, or proceeding shall be paid by the corporation as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit, or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. The provisions of this section do not affect any rights to advancement of expenses to which corporate personnel other than directors or officers may be entitled under any contract or otherwise by law.
          Section 8.05 Scope of Indemnification . The indemnification and advancement of expenses authorized in or ordered by the corporation pursuant to sections 8.01, 8.02, 8.04:
12
 

 
 
 
 
          (a) does not exclude any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses, including corporate personnel other than directors or officers, may be entitled under the articles of incorporation or any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise for either an action in his official capacity or an action in another capacity while holding his office, except that indemnification, unless ordered by a court pursuant to section 8.02 or for the advancement of expenses made pursuant to section 8.04, may not be made to or on behalf of any director or officer if a final adjudication establishes that his acts or omissions involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law and was material to the cause of action; and
 
 
 
          (b) continues for a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee, or agent and inures to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person.
          Section 8.06 Insurance . The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in his capacity as a director, officer, employee, or agent, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation has the authority to indemnify him against such liability and expenses.
          Section 8.07 Officer and Director Contracts . No contract or other transaction between the corporation and any other firm or corporation shall be affected by the fact that a director or officer of the corporation has an interest in, or is a director or officer of the corporation or any such other corporation. Any officer or director, individually or with others, may be a party to, or may have an interest in, any transaction of the corporation or any transaction in which the corporation is a party or has an interest. Each person who is now or may become an officer or director of the corporation is hereby relieved from liability that he might otherwise obtain in the event such officer or director contracts with the corporation for the benefit of himself or any firm or other corporation in which he may have an interest; provided, such officer or director acts in good faith.
13
 

 
ARTICLE IX
FISCAL YEAR
The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the board of directors.
ARTICLE X
DIVIDENDS
          The board of directors may from time to time declare, and the corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding stock in the manner and on the terms and conditions provided by the certificate of incorporation and by the laws.
ARTICLE XI
AMENDMENTS
          These Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the Board of Directors then in office, or by the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting stock of the Company.
CERTIFICATE OF SECRETARY
          The undersigned does hereby certify that he/she is the secretary of Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under and by virtue of the laws of the state of Nevada; that the above and foregoing bylaws of said corporation were duly and regularly adopted as such by the board of directors of said corporation by unanimous consent effective March 27, 2012, and that the above and foregoing bylaws are now in full force and effect and supersede and replace any prior bylaws of the corporation.
          DATED as of the 27th day of March, 2012.
 
 
 
Summer Energy Holdings, Inc.
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Jaleea George
 
 
Jaleea George, Secretary
14
 

 
 
Exhibit 10.1

 
Master Power
 
Purchase & Sale
 
Agreement
 
 
Version 2.1 (modified 4/25/00)
(c)COPYRIGHT 2000 by the Edison Electric Institute and National Energy Marketers Association
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED UNDER U.S. AND FOREIGN LAW, TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS
AUTOMATIC LICENSE - PERMISSION OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNERS IS GRANTED FOR REPRODUCTION BY DOWNLOADING FROM A COMPUTER AND PRINTING ELECTRONIC COPIES OF THE WORK. NO AUTHORIZED COPY MAY BE SOLD. THE INDUSTRY IS ENCOURAGED TO USE THIS MASTER POWER PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT IN ITS TRANSACTIONS. ATTRIBUTION TO THE COPYRIGHT OWNERS IS REQUESTED.

 

 
MASTER POWER PURCHASE AND SALES AGREEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
 
COVER SHEET
 
1
 
 
 
GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS
 
6
 
 
 
ARTICLE ONE:
GENERAL DEFINITIONS
 
6
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE TWO:
TRANSACTION TERMS AND CONDITIONS
 
11
 
2.1
Transactions
 
11
 
2.2
Governing Terms
 
11
 
2.3
Confirmation
 
11
 
2.4
Additional Confirmation Terms
 
12
 
2.5
Recording
 
12
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE THREE:
OBLIGATIONS AND DELIVERIES
 
12
 
3.1
Seller's and Buyer's Obligations
 
12
 
3.2
Transmission and Scheduling
 
12
 
3.3
Force Majeure
 
13
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE FOUR:
REMEDIES FOR FAILURE TO DELIVER/RECEIVE
 
13
 
4.1
Seller Failure
 
13
 
4.2
Buyer Failure
 
13
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE FIVE:
EVENTS OF DEFAULT; REMEDIES
 
13
 
5.1
Events of Default
 
13
 
5.2
Declaration of an Early Termination Date and Calculation of Settlement Amounts
 
15
 
5.3
Net Out of Settlement Amounts
 
15
 
5.4
Notice of Payment of Termination Payment
 
15
 
5.5
Disputes With Respect to Termination Payment
 
15
 
5.6
Closeout Setoffs
 
16
 
5.7
Suspension of Performance
 
16
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE SIX:
PAYMENT AND NETTING
 
16
 
6.1
Billing Period
 
16
 
6.2
Timeliness of Payment
 
17
 
6.3
Disputes and Adjustments of Invoices
 
17
 
6.4
Netting of Payments
 
17
 
6.5
Payment Obligation Absent Netting
 
17
 
6.6
Security
 
18
 
6.7
Payment for Options
 
18
 
6.8
Transaction Netting
 
18

i
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE SEVEN:
LIMITATIONS
 
18
 
7.1
Limitation of Remedies, Liability and Damages
 
18
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE EIGHT:
CREDIT AND COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS
 
19
 
8.1
Party A Credit Protection
 
19
 
8.2
Party B Credit Protection
 
21
 
8.3
Grant of Security Interest/Remedies
 
22
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE NINE:
GOVERNMENTAL CHARGES
 
23
 
9.1
Cooperation
 
23
 
9.2
Governmental Charges
 
23
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE TEN:
MISCELLANEOUS
 
23
 
10.1
Term of Master Agreement
 
23
 
10.2
Representations and Warranties
 
23
 
10.3
Title and Risk of Loss
 
25
 
10.4
Indemnity
 
25
 
10.5
Assignment
 
25
 
10.6
Governing Law
 
25
 
10.7
Notices
 
26
 
10.8
General
 
26
 
10.9
Audit
 
26
 
10.10
Forward Contract
 
27
 
10.11
Confidentiality
 
27
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE M: GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY OR PUBLIC POWER SYSTEMS
 
28
 
 
 
SCHEDULE P: PRODUCTS AND RELATED DEFINITIONS
 
32
 
 
 
EXHIBIT A: CONFIRMATION LETTER
 
39

ii
 

 
MASTER POWER PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT
COVER SHEET
This Master Power Purchase and Sale Agreement ("Master Agreement" ) is made as of the following date: _________________ ("Effective Date"). The Master Agreement, together with the exhibits, schedules and any written supplements hereto, the Party A Tariff, if any, the Party B Tariff, if any, any designated collateral, credit support or margin agreement or similar arrangement between the Parties and all Transactions (including any confirmations accepted in accordance with Section 2.3 hereto) shall be referred to as the "Agreement." The Parties to this Master Agreement are the following:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name ("_________________" or "Party A")
 
Name ("Counterparty" or "Party B")
 
 
 
All Notices:
 
 
All Notices:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Street:
 
 
Street:
 
 
 
 
 
 
City:
 
Zip:
 
 
City:
 
Zip:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attn: Contract Administration
 
Attn: Contract Administration
Phone:
 
 
Phone:
 
Facsimile:
 
 
Facsimile:
 
Duns:
 
 
Duns:
 
Federal Tax ID Number:
 
 
Federal Tax ID Number:
 
 
 
 
 
Invoices:
 
 
Invoices:
 
Attn:
 
 
Attn:
 
Phone:
 
 
Phone:
 
Facsimile:
 
 
Facsimile:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Scheduling:
 
 
Scheduling:
 
Attn:
 
 
Attn:
 
Phone:
 
 
Phone:
 
Facsimile:
 
 
Facsimile:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Payments:
 
 
Payments:
 
Attn:
 
 
Attn:
 
Phone:
 
 
Phone:
 
Facsimile:
 
 
Facsimile:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wire Transfer:
 
Wire Transfer:
BNK:
 
 
BNK:
 
ABA:
 
 
ABA:
 
ACCT:
 
 
ACCT:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit and Collections:
 
Credit and Collections:
Attn:
 
 
Attn:
 
Phone:
 
 
Phone:
 
Facsimile:
 
 
Facsimile:
 
 
 
 
 
 
With additional Notices of an Event of Default or Potential Event of Default to:
 
With additional Notices of an Event of Default or Potential Event of Default to:
Attn:
 
 
Attn:
 
Phone:
 
 
Phone:
 
Facsimile:
 
 
Facsimile:
 

1
 

 
The Parties hereby agree that the General Terms and Conditions are incorporated herein, and to the following provisions as provided for in the General Terms and Conditions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Party A Tariff
 
 
Tariff
 
 
Dated
 
 
Docket Number
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Party B Tariff
 
 
Tariff
 
 
Dated
 
 
Docket Number
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Article Two
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transaction Terms and Conditions
o Optional provision in Section 2.4. If not checked, inapplicable.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Article Four
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remedies for Failure
to Deliver or Receive
o Accelerated Payment of Damages. If not checked, inapplicable.
 
 
 
 
Article Five
o Cross Default for Party A:
 
 
Events of Default; Remedies
o Party A:__________________
Cross Default Amount $ ________
 
 
 
 
o Other Entity: _____________
Cross Default Amount $ ________
 
 
 
 
o Cross Default for Party B: ________
 
 
 
o Party B: _________________
Cross Default Amount $ ________
 
 
 
 
o Other Entity: ______________
Cross Default Amount $ ________
 
 
 
 
5.6 Closeout Setoff
 
 
 
 
o
Option A (Applicable if no other selection is made.)
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Option B - Affiliates shall have the meaning set forth in the Agreement unless otherwise specified as follows: ___________________________________
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Option C (No Setoff)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Article 8
8.1 Party A Credit Protection :
 
 
Credit and Collateral Requirements
 
(a) Financial Information:
 
 
 
 
 
o
     Option A
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
     Option B Specify: ____________
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
     Option C Specify: ____________
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Credit Assurances:
 
 
 
 
 
o
     Not Applicable
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
     Applicable
 
 
(c) Collateral Threshold:
 
 
 
 
 
o
     Not Applicable
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
     Applicable
         

2
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
If applicable, complete the following:
 
 
 
 
 
Party B Collateral Threshold: $__________; provided, however, that Party B's Collateral Threshold shall be zero if an Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to Party B has occurred and is continuing.
 
 
 
 
 
Party B Independent Amount: $ _______________
 
 
 
 
 
Party B Rounding Amount: $ _______________
 
 
 
 
 
(d) Downgrade Event:
 
 
 
 
 
o
Not Applicable
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Applicable
 
 
 
 
 
 
If applicable, complete the following:
 
 
 
 
 
o
It shall be a Downgrade Event for Party B if Party B's Credit Rating falls below __________ from S&P or __________ from Moody's or if Party B is not rated by either S&P or Moody's
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Other: ____________________________________
 
 
 
Specify: ____________________________________
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e) Guarantor for Party B: _____________________________
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guarantee Amount:
 
 
 
 
 
 
8.2 Party B Credit Protection :
 
 
 
 
 
(a) Financial Information:
 
 
o
Option A
 
 
o
Option B Specify: ___________________
 
 
o
Option C Specify: ___________________
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Credit Assurances:
 
 
o
Not Applicable
 
 
o
Applicable
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c) Collateral Threshold:
 
 
o
Not Applicable
 
 
o
Applicable
 
 
If applicable, complete the following:
 
 
 
 
 
Party A Collateral Threshold: $__________; provided, however, that Party A's Collateral Threshold shall be zero if an Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to Party A has occurred and is continuing.
 
 
 
 
 
Party A Independent Amount: $ _________________
 
 
 
 
 
Party A Rounding Amount: $ _________________

3
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(d) Downgrade Event:
 
 
 
 
 
o
Not Applicable
 
 
o
Applicable
 
 
 
 
 
 
If applicable, complete the following:
 
 
 
 
 
o
It shall be a Downgrade Event for Party A if Party A's Credit Rating falls below __________ from S&P or __________ from Moody's or if Party A is not rated by either S&P or Moody's
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Other:
 
 
 
Specify: ____________________________________________
 
 
 
 
 
 
(e) Guarantor for Party A: _____________________________________
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guarantee Amount: __________________________________
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Article 10
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Confidentiality
 
o Confidentiality Applicable
If not checked, inapplicable.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Schedule M
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
o Party A is a Governmental Entity or Public Power System
 
 
o Party B is a Governmental Entity or Public Power System
 
 
o Add Section 3.6. If not checked, inapplicable
 
 
o Add Section 8.6. If not checked, inapplicable
 
 
 
Other Changes
 
Specify, if any: ___________________________________
         

4
 

 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Master Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
 
 
 
Party A Name
 
Party B Name
 
 
 
By:
 
 
By:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Title:
 
 
Title:
 
DISCLAIMER: This Master Power Purchase and Sale Agreement was prepared by a committee of representatives of Edison Electric Institute ("EEI") and National Energy Marketers Association ("NEM") member companies to facilitate orderly trading in and development of wholesale power markets. Neither EEI nor NEM nor any member company nor any of their agents, representatives or attorneys shall be responsible for its use, or any damages resulting therefrom. By providing this Agreement EEI and NEM do not offer legal advice and all users are urged to consult their own legal counsel to ensure that their commercial objectives will be achieved and their legal interests are adequately protected.
5
 

 
GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS
ARTICLE ONE: GENERAL DEFINITIONS
          1.1 "Affiliate" means, with respect to any person, any other person (other than an individual) that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such person. For this purpose, "control" means the direct or indirect ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding capital stock or other equity interests having ordinary voting power.
          1.2 "Agreement" has the meaning set forth in the Cover Sheet.
          1.3 "Bankrupt" means with respect to any entity, such entity (i) files a petition or otherwise commences, authorizes or acquiesces in the commencement of a proceeding or cause of action under any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar law, or has any such petition filed or commenced against it, (ii) makes an assignment or any general arrangement for the benefit of creditors, (iii) otherwise becomes bankrupt or insolvent (however evidenced), (iv) has a liquidator, administrator, receiver, trustee, conservator or similar official appointed with respect to it or any substantial portion of its property or assets, or (v) is generally unable to pay its debts as they fall due.
          1.4 "Business Day" means any day except a Saturday, Sunday, or a Federal Reserve Bank holiday. A Business Day shall open at 8:00 a.m. and close at 5:00 p.m. local time for the relevant Party's principal place of business. The relevant Party, in each instance unless otherwise specified, shall be the Party from whom the notice, payment or delivery is being sent and by whom the notice or payment or delivery is to be received.
          1.5 "Buyer" means the Party to a Transaction that is obligated to purchase and receive, or cause to be received, the Product, as specified in the Transaction.
          1.6 "Call Option" means an Option entitling, but not obligating, the Option Buyer to purchase and receive the Product from the Option Seller at a price equal to the Strike Price for the Delivery Period for which the Option may be exercised, all as specified in the Transaction. Upon proper exercise of the Option by the Option Buyer, the Option Seller will be obligated to sell and deliver the Product for the Delivery Period for which the Option has been exercised.
          1.7 "Claiming Party" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.3.
          1.8 "Claims" means all third party claims or actions, threatened or filed and, whether groundless, false, fraudulent or otherwise, that directly or indirectly relate to the subject matter of an indemnity, and the resulting losses, damages, expenses, attorneys' fees and court costs, whether incurred by settlement or otherwise, and whether such claims or actions are threatened or filed prior to or after the termination of this Agreement.
          1.9 "Confirmation" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.
6
 

 
          1.10 "Contract Price" means the price in $U.S. (unless otherwise provided for) to be paid by Buyer to Seller for the purchase of the Product, as specified in the Transaction.
          1.11 "Costs" means, with respect to the Non-Defaulting Party, brokerage fees, commissions and other similar third party transaction costs and expenses reasonably incurred by such Party either in terminating any arrangement pursuant to which it has hedged its obligations or entering into new arrangements which replace a Terminated Transaction; and all reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses incurred by the Non-Defaulting Party in connection with the termination of a Transaction.
          1.12 "Credit Rating" means, with respect to any entity, the rating then assigned to such entity's unsecured, senior long-term debt obligations (not supported by third party credit enhancements) or if such entity does not have a rating for its senior unsecured long-term debt, then the rating then assigned to such entity as an issues rating by S&P, Moody's or any other rating agency agreed by the Parties as set forth in the Cover Sheet.
          1.13 "Cross Default Amount" means the cross default amount, if any, set forth in the Cover Sheet for a Party.
          1.14 "Defaulting Party" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.
          1.15 "Delivery Period" means the period of delivery for a Transaction, as specified in the Transaction.
          1.16 "Delivery Point" means the point at which the Product will be delivered and received, as specified in the Transaction.
          1.17 "Downgrade Event" has the meaning set forth on the Cover Sheet.
          1.18 "Early Termination Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.
          1.19 "Effective Date" has the meaning set forth on the Cover Sheet.
          1.20 "Equitable Defenses" means any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other laws affecting creditors' rights generally, and with regard to equitable remedies, the discretion of the court before which proceedings to obtain same may be pending.
          1.21 "Event of Default" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.
          1.22 "FERC" means the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission or any successor government agency.
7
 

 
          1.23 "Force Majeure" means an event or circumstance which prevents one Party from performing its obligations under one or more Transactions, which event or circumstance was not anticipated as of the date the Transaction was agreed to, which is not within the reasonable control of, or the result of the negligence of, the Claiming Party, and which, by the exercise of due diligence, the Claiming Party is unable to overcome or avoid or cause to be avoided. Force Majeure shall not be based on (i) the loss of Buyer's markets; (ii) Buyer's inability economically to use or resell the Product purchased hereunder; (iii) the loss or failure of Seller's supply; or (iv) Seller's ability to sell the Product at a price greater than the Contract Price. Neither Party may raise a claim of Force Majeure based in whole or in part on curtailment by a Transmission Provider unless (i) such Party has contracted for firm transmission with a Transmission Provider for the Product to be delivered to or received at the Delivery Point and (ii) such curtailment is due to "force majeure" or "uncontrollable force" or a similar term as defined under the Transmission Provider's tariff; provided, however, that existence of the foregoing factors shall not be sufficient to conclusively or presumptively prove the existence of a Force Majeure absent a showing of other facts and circumstances which in the aggregate with such factors establish that a Force Majeure as defined in the first sentence hereof has occurred. The applicability of Force Majeure to the Transaction is governed by the terms of the Products and Related Definitions contained in Schedule P.
          1.24 "Gains" means, with respect to any Party, an amount equal to the present value of the economic benefit to it, if any (exclusive of Costs), resulting from the termination of a Terminated Transaction, determined in a commercially reasonable manner.
          1.25 "Guarantor" means, with respect to a Party, the guarantor, if any, specified for such Party on the Cover Sheet.
          1.26 "Interest Rate" means, for any date, the lesser of (a) the per annum rate of interest equal to the prime lending rate as may from time to time be published in The Wall Street Journal under "Money Rates" on such day (or if not published on such day on the most recent preceding day on which published), plus two percent (2%) and (b) the maximum rate permitted by applicable law.
          1.27 "Letter(s) of Credit" means one or more irrevocable, transferable standby letters of credit issued by a U.S. commercial bank or a foreign bank with a U.S. branch with such bank having a credit rating of at least A- from S&P or A3 from Moody's, in a form acceptable to the Party in whose favor the letter of credit is issued. Costs of a Letter of Credit shall be borne by the applicant for such Letter of Credit.
          1.28 "Losses" means, with respect to any Party, an amount equal to the present value of the economic loss to it, if any (exclusive of Costs), resulting from termination of a Terminated Transaction, determined in a commercially reasonable manner.
          1.29 "Master Agreement" has the meaning set forth on the Cover Sheet.
          1.30 "Moody's" means Moody's Investor Services, Inc. or its successor.
          1.31 "NERC Business Day" means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a holiday as defined by the North American Electric Reliability Council or any successor organization thereto. A NERC Business Day shall open at 8:00 a.m. and close at 5:00 p.m. local time for the relevant Party's principal place of business. The relevant Party, in each instance unless otherwise specified, shall be the Party from whom the notice, payment or delivery is being sent and by whom the notice or payment or delivery is to be received.
8
 

 
          1.32 "Non-Defaulting Party" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.
          1.33 "Offsetting Transactions" mean any two or more outstanding Transactions, having the same or overlapping Delivery Period(s), Delivery Point and payment date, where under one or more of such Transactions, one Party is the Seller, and under the other such Transaction(s), the same Party is the Buyer.
          1.34 "Option" means the right but not the obligation to purchase or sell a Product as specified in a Transaction.
          1.35 "Option Buyer" means the Party specified in a Transaction as the purchaser of an option, as defined in Schedule P.
          1.36 "Option Seller" means the Party specified in a Transaction as the seller of an option , as defined in Schedule P.
          1.37 "Party A Collateral Threshold" means the collateral threshold, if any, set forth in the Cover Sheet for Party A.
          1.38 "Party B Collateral Threshold" means the collateral threshold, if any, set forth in the Cover Sheet for Party B.
          1.39 "Party A Independent Amount" means the amount , if any, set forth in the Cover Sheet for Party A.
          1.40 "Party B Independent Amount" means the amount , if any, set forth in the Cover Sheet for Party B.
          1.41 "Party A Rounding Amount" means the amount, if any, set forth in the Cover Sheet for Party A.
          1.42 "Party B Rounding Amount" means the amount, if any, set forth in the Cover Sheet for Party B.
          1.43 "Party A Tariff" means the tariff, if any, specified in the Cover Sheet for Party A.
          1.44 "Party B Tariff" means the tariff, if any, specified in the Cover Sheet for Party B.
          1.45 "Performance Assurance" means collateral in the form of either cash, Letter(s) of Credit, or other security acceptable to the Requesting Party.
          1.46 "Potential Event of Default" means an event which, with notice or passage of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default.
          1.47 "Product" means electric capacity, energy or other product(s) related thereto as specified in a Transaction by reference to a Product listed in Schedule P hereto or as otherwise specified by the Parties in the Transaction.
9
 

 
          1.48 "Put Option" means an Option entitling, but not obligating, the Option Buyer to sell and deliver the Product to the Option Seller at a price equal to the Strike Price for the Delivery Period for which the option may be exercised, all as specified in a Transaction. Upon proper exercise of the Option by the Option Buyer, the Option Seller will be obligated to purchase and receive the Product.
          1.49 "Quantity" means that quantity of the Product that Seller agrees to make available or sell and deliver, or cause to be delivered, to Buyer, and that Buyer agrees to purchase and receive, or cause to be received, from Seller as specified in the Transaction.
          1.50 "Recording" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4.
          1.51 "Replacement Price" means the price at which Buyer, acting in a commercially reasonable manner, purchases at the Delivery Point a replacement for any Product specified in a Transaction but not delivered by Seller, plus (i) costs reasonably incurred by Buyer in purchasing such substitute Product and (ii) additional transmission charges, if any, reasonably incurred by Buyer to the Delivery Point, or at Buyer's option, the market price at the Delivery Point for such Product not delivered as determined by Buyer in a commercially reasonable manner; provided, however, in no event shall such price include any penalties, ratcheted demand or similar charges, nor shall Buyer be required to utilize or change its utilization of its owned or controlled assets or market positions to minimize Seller's liability. For the purposes of this definition, Buyer shall be considered to have purchased replacement Product to the extent Buyer shall have entered into one or more arrangements in a commercially reasonable manner whereby Buyer repurchases its obligation to sell and deliver the Product to another party at the Delivery Point.
          1.52 "S&P" means the Standard & Poor's Rating Group (a division of McGraw-Hill, Inc.) or its successor.
          1.53 "Sales Price" means the price at which Seller, acting in a commercially reasonable manner, resells at the Delivery Point any Product not received by Buyer, deducting from such proceeds any (i) costs reasonably incurred by Seller in reselling such Product and (ii) additional transmission charges, if any, reasonably incurred by Seller in delivering such Product to the third party purchasers, or at Seller's option, the market price at the Delivery Point for such Product not received as determined by Seller in a commercially reasonable manner; provided, however, in no event shall such price include any penalties, ratcheted demand or similar charges, nor shall Seller be required to utilize or change its utilization of its owned or controlled assets, including contractual assets, or market positions to minimize Buyer's liability. For purposes of this definition, Seller shall be considered to have resold such Product to the extent Seller shall have entered into one or more arrangements in a commercially reasonable manner whereby Seller repurchases its obligation to purchase and receive the Product from another party at the Delivery Point.
          1.54 "Schedule" or "Scheduling" means the actions of Seller, Buyer and/or their designated representatives, including each Party's Transmission Providers, if applicable, of notifying, requesting and confirming to each other the quantity and type of Product to be delivered on any given day or days during the Delivery Period at a specified Delivery Point.
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          1.55 "Seller" means the Party to a Transaction that is obligated to sell and deliver, or cause to be delivered, the Product, as specified in the Transaction.
          1.56 "Settlement Amount" means, with respect to a Transaction and the Non-Defaulting Party, the Losses or Gains, and Costs, expressed in U.S. Dollars, which such party incurs as a result of the liquidation of a Terminated Transaction pursuant to Section 5.2.
          1.57 "Strike Price" means the price to be paid for the purchase of the Product pursuant to an Option.
          1.58 "Terminated Transaction" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.
          1.59 "Termination Payment" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.3.
          1.60 "Transaction" means a particular transaction agreed to by the Parties relating to the sale and purchase of a Product pursuant to this Master Agreement.
          1.61 "Transmission Provider" means any entity or entities transmitting or transporting the Product on behalf of Seller or Buyer to or from the Delivery Point in a particular Transaction.
ARTICLE TWO: TRANSACTION TERMS AND CONDITIONS
          2.1 Transactions . A Transaction shall be entered into upon agreement of the Parties orally or, if expressly required by either Party with respect to a particular Transaction, in writing, including an electronic means of communication. Each Party agrees not to contest, or assert any defense to, the validity or enforceability of the Transaction entered into in accordance with this Master Agreement (i) based on any law requiring agreements to be in writing or to be signed by the parties, or (ii) based on any lack of authority of the Party or any lack of authority of any employee of the Party to enter into a Transaction.
          2.2 Governing Terms . Unless otherwise specifically agreed, each Transaction between the Parties shall be governed by this Master Agreement. This Master Agreement (including all exhibits, schedules and any written supplements hereto), , the Party A Tariff, if any, and the Party B Tariff, if any, any designated collateral, credit support or margin agreement or similar arrangement between the Parties and all Transactions (including any Confirmations accepted in accordance with Section 2.3) shall form a single integrated agreement between the Parties. Any inconsistency between any terms of this Master Agreement and any terms of the Transaction shall be resolved in favor of the terms of such Transaction.
          2.3 Confirmation . Seller may confirm a Transaction by forwarding to Buyer by facsimile within three (3) Business Days after the Transaction is entered into a confirmation ("Confirmation") substantially in the form of Exhibit A. If Buyer objects to any term(s) of such Confirmation, Buyer shall notify Seller in writing of such objections within two (2) Business Days of Buyer's receipt thereof, failing which Buyer shall be deemed to have accepted the terms as sent. If Seller fails to send a Confirmation within three (3) Business Days after the Transaction is entered into, a Confirmation substantially in the form of Exhibit A, may be forwarded by Buyer to Seller. If Seller objects to any term(s) of such Confirmation, Seller shall notify Buyer of such objections within two (2) Business Days of Seller's receipt thereof, failing which Seller shall be deemed to have accepted the terms as sent. If Seller and Buyer each send a Confirmation and neither Party objects to the other Party's Confirmation within two (2) Business Days of receipt, Seller's Confirmation shall be deemed to be accepted and shall be the controlling Confirmation, unless (i) Seller's Confirmation was sent more than three (3) Business Days after the Transaction was entered into and (ii) Buyer's Confirmation was sent prior to Seller's Confirmation, in which case Buyer's Confirmation shall be deemed to be accepted and shall be the controlling Confirmation. Failure by either Party to send or either Party to return an executed Confirmation or any objection by either Party shall not invalidate the Transaction agreed to by the Parties.
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          2.4 Additional Confirmation Terms . If the Parties have elected on the Cover Sheet to make this Section 2.4 applicable to this Master Agreement, when a Confirmation contains provisions, other than those provisions relating to the commercial terms of the Transaction (e.g., price or special transmission conditions), which modify or supplement the general terms and conditions of this Master Agreement (e.g., arbitration provisions or additional representations and warranties), such provisions shall not be deemed to be accepted pursuant to Section 2.3 unless agreed to either orally or in writing by the Parties; provided that the foregoing shall not invalidate any Transaction agreed to by the Parties.
          2.5 Recording . Unless a Party expressly objects to a Recording (defined below) at the beginning of a telephone conversation, each Party consents to the creation of a tape or electronic recording ("Recording") of all telephone conversations between the Parties to this Master Agreement, and that any such Recordings will be retained in confidence, secured from improper access, and may be submitted in evidence in any proceeding or action relating to this Agreement. Each Party waives any further notice of such monitoring or recording, and agrees to notify its officers and employees of such monitoring or recording and to obtain any necessary consent of such officers and employees. The Recording, and the terms and conditions described therein, if admissible, shall be the controlling evidence for the Parties' agreement with respect to a particular Transaction in the event a Confirmation is not fully executed (or deemed accepted) by both Parties. Upon full execution (or deemed acceptance) of a Confirmation, such Confirmation shall control in the event of any conflict with the terms of a Recording, or in the event of any conflict with the terms of this Master Agreement.
ARTICLE THREE: OBLIGATIONS AND DELIVERIES
          3.1 Seller's and Buyer's Obligations . With respect to each Transaction, Seller shall sell and deliver, or cause to be delivered, and Buyer shall purchase and receive, or cause to be received, the Quantity of the Product at the Delivery Point, and Buyer shall pay Seller the Contract Price; provided, however, with respect to Options, the obligations set forth in the preceding sentence shall only arise if the Option Buyer exercises its Option in accordance with its terms. Seller shall be responsible for any costs or charges imposed on or associated with the Product or its delivery of the Product up to the Delivery Point. Buyer shall be responsible for any costs or charges imposed on or associated with the Product or its receipt at and from the Delivery Point.
          3.2 Transmission and Scheduling . Seller shall arrange and be responsible for transmission service to the Delivery Point and shall Schedule or arrange for Scheduling services with its Transmission Providers, as specified by the Parties in the Transaction, or in the absence thereof, in accordance with the practice of the Transmission Providers, to deliver the Product to the Delivery Point. Buyer shall arrange and be responsible for transmission service at and from the Delivery Point and shall Schedule or arrange for Scheduling services with its Transmission Providers to receive the Product at the Delivery Point.
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          3.3 Force Majeure . To the extent either Party is prevented by Force Majeure from carrying out, in whole or part, its obligations under the Transaction and such Party (the "Claiming Party") gives notice and details of the Force Majeure to the other Party as soon as practicable, then, unless the terms of the Product specify otherwise, the Claiming Party shall be excused from the performance of its obligations with respect to such Transaction (other than the obligation to make payments then due or becoming due with respect to performance prior to the Force Majeure). The Claiming Party shall remedy the Force Majeure with all reasonable dispatch. The non-Claiming Party shall not be required to perform or resume performance of its obligations to the Claiming Party corresponding to the obligations of the Claiming Party excused by Force Majeure.
ARTICLE FOUR: REMEDIES FOR FAILURE TO DELIVER/RECEIVE
          4.1 Seller Failure . If Seller fails to schedule and/or deliver all or part of the Product pursuant to a Transaction, and such failure is not excused under the terms of the Product or by Buyer's failure to perform, then Seller shall pay Buyer, on the date payment would otherwise be due in respect of the month in which the failure occurred or, if "Accelerated Payment of Damages" is specified on the Cover Sheet, within five (5) Business Days of invoice receipt, an amount for such deficiency equal to the positive difference, if any, obtained by subtracting the Contract Price from the Replacement Price. The invoice for such amount shall include a written statement explaining in reasonable detail the calculation of such amount.
          4.2 Buyer Failure . If Buyer fails to schedule and/or receive all or part of the Product pursuant to a Transaction and such failure is not excused under the terms of the Product or by Seller's failure to perform, then Buyer shall pay Seller, on the date payment would otherwise be due in respect of the month in which the failure occurred or, if "Accelerated Payment of Damages" is specified on the Cover Sheet, within five (5) Business Days of invoice receipt, an amount for such deficiency equal to the positive difference, if any, obtained by subtracting the Sales Price from the Contract Price. The invoice for such amount shall include a written statement explaining in reasonable detail the calculation of such amount.
ARTICLE FIVE: EVENTS OF DEFAULT; REMEDIES
          5.1 Events of Default . An "Event of Default" shall mean, with respect to a Party (a "Defaulting Party"), the occurrence of any of the following:
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
the failure to make, when due, any payment required pursuant to this Agreement if such failure is not remedied within three (3) Business Days after written notice;

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(b)
any representation or warranty made by such Party herein is false or misleading in any material respect when made or when deemed made or repeated;
 
 
 
 
(c)
the failure to perform any material covenant or obligation set forth in this Agreement (except to the extent constituting a separate Event of Default, and except for such Party's obligations to deliver or receive the Product, the exclusive remedy for which is provided in Article Four) if such failure is not remedied within three (3) Business Days after written notice;
 
 
 
 
(d)
such Party becomes Bankrupt;
 
 
 
 
(e)
the failure of such Party to satisfy the creditworthiness/collateral requirements agreed to pursuant to Article Eight hereof;
 
 
 
 
(f)
such Party consolidates or amalgamates with, or merges with or into, or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to, another entity and, at the time of such consolidation, amalgamation, merger or transfer, the resulting, surviving or transferee entity fails to assume all the obligations of such Party under this Agreement to which it or its predecessor was a party by operation of law or pursuant to an agreement reasonably satisfactory to the other Party;
 
 
 
 
(g)
if the applicable cross default section in the Cover Sheet is indicated for such Party, the occurrence and continuation of (i) a default, event of default or other similar condition or event in respect of such Party or any other party specified in the Cover Sheet for such Party under one or more agreements or instruments, individually or collectively, relating to indebtedness for borrowed money in an aggregate amount of not less than the applicable Cross Default Amount (as specified in the Cover Sheet), which results in such indebtedness becoming, or becoming capable at such time of being declared, immediately due and payable or (ii) a default by such Party or any other party specified in the Cover Sheet for such Party in making on the due date therefor one or more payments, individually or collectively, in an aggregate amount of not less than the applicable Cross Default Amount (as specified in the Cover Sheet);
 
 
 
 
(h)
with respect to such Party's Guarantor, if any:
 
 
 
 
 
(i)
if any representation or warranty made by a Guarantor in connection with this Agreement is false or misleading in any material respect when made or when deemed made or repeated;
 
 
 
 
 
 
(ii)
the failure of a Guarantor to make any payment required or to perform any other material covenant or obligation in any guaranty made in connection with this Agreement and such failure shall not be remedied within three (3) Business Days after written notice;

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(iii)
a Guarantor becomes Bankrupt;
 
 
 
 
 
 
(iv)
the failure of a Guarantor's guaranty to be in full force and effect for purposes of this Agreement (other than in accordance with its terms) prior to the satisfaction of all obligations of such Party under each Transaction to which such guaranty shall relate without the written consent of the other Party; or
 
 
 
 
 
 
(v)
a Guarantor shall repudiate, disaffirm, disclaim, or reject, in whole or in part, or challenge the validity of any guaranty.
          5.2 Declaration of an Early Termination Date and Calculation of Settlement Amounts . If an Event of Default with respect to a Defaulting Party shall have occurred and be continuing, the other Party (the "Non-Defaulting Party") shall have the right (i) to designate a day, no earlier than the day such notice is effective and no later than 20 days after such notice is effective, as an early termination date ("Early Termination Date") to accelerate all amounts owing between the Parties and to liquidate and terminate all, but not less than all, Transactions (each referred to as a "Terminated Transaction") between the Parties, (ii) withhold any payments due to the Defaulting Party under this Agreement and (iii) suspend performance. The Non-Defaulting Party shall calculate, in a commercially reasonable manner, a Settlement Amount for each such Terminated Transaction as of the Early Termination Date (or, to the extent that in the reasonable opinion of the Non-Defaulting Party certain of such Terminated Transactions are commercially impracticable to liquidate and terminate or may not be liquidated and terminated under applicable law on the Early Termination Date, as soon thereafter as is reasonably practicable).
          5.3 Net Out of Settlement Amounts . The Non-Defaulting Party shall aggregate all Settlement Amounts into a single amount by: netting out (a) all Settlement Amounts that are due to the Defaulting Party, plus, at the option of the Non-Defaulting Party, any cash or other form of security then available to the Non-Defaulting Party pursuant to Article Eight, plus any or all other amounts due to the Defaulting Party under this Agreement against (b) all Settlement Amounts that are due to the Non-Defaulting Party, plus any or all other amounts due to the Non-Defaulting Party under this Agreement, so that all such amounts shall be netted out to a single liquidated amount (the "Termination Payment") payable by one Party to the other. The Termination Payment shall be due to or due from the Non-Defaulting Party as appropriate.
          5.4 Notice of Payment of Termination Payment . As soon as practicable after a liquidation, notice shall be given by the Non-Defaulting Party to the Defaulting Party of the amount of the Termination Payment and whether the Termination Payment is due to or due from the Non-Defaulting Party. The notice shall include a written statement explaining in reasonable detail the calculation of such amount. The Termination Payment shall be made by the Party that owes it within two (2) Business Days after such notice is effective.
          5.5 Disputes With Respect to Termination Payment . If the Defaulting Party disputes the Non-Defaulting Party's calculation of the Termination Payment, in whole or in part, the Defaulting Party shall, within two (2) Business Days of receipt of Non-Defaulting Party's calculation of the Termination Payment, provide to the Non-Defaulting Party a detailed written explanation of the basis for such dispute; provided, however, that if the Termination Payment is due from the Defaulting Party, the Defaulting Party shall first transfer Performance Assurance to the Non-Defaulting Party in an amount equal to the Termination Payment.
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          5.6 Closeout Setoffs .
          Option A: After calculation of a Termination Payment in accordance with Section 5.3, if the Defaulting Party would be owed the Termination Payment, the Non-Defaulting Party shall be entitled, at its option and in its discretion, to (i) set off against such Termination Payment any amounts due and owing by the Defaulting Party to the Non-Defaulting Party under any other agreements, instruments or undertakings between the Defaulting Party and the Non-Defaulting Party and/or (ii) to the extent the Transactions are not yet liquidated in accordance with Section 5.2, withhold payment of the Termination Payment to the Defaulting Party. The remedy provided for in this Section shall be without prejudice and in addition to any right of setoff, combination of accounts, lien or other right to which any Party is at any time otherwise entitled (whether by operation of law, contract or otherwise).
          Option B: After calculation of a Termination Payment in accordance with Section 5.3, if the Defaulting Party would be owed the Termination Payment, the Non-Defaulting Party shall be entitled, at its option and in its discretion, to (i) set off against such Termination Payment any amounts due and owing by the Defaulting Party or any of its Affiliates to the Non-Defaulting Party or any of its Affiliates under any other agreements, instruments or undertakings between the Defaulting Party or any of its Affiliates and the Non-Defaulting Party or any of its Affiliates and/or (ii) to the extent the Transactions are not yet liquidated in accordance with Section 5.2, withhold payment of the Termination Payment to the Defaulting Party. The remedy provided for in this Section shall be without prejudice and in addition to any right of setoff, combination of accounts, lien or other right to which any Party is at any time otherwise entitled (whether by operation of law, contract or otherwise).
          Option C: Neither Option A nor B shall apply.
          5.7 Suspension of Performance . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Master Agreement, if (a) an Event of Default or (b) a Potential Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Non-Defaulting Party, upon written notice to the Defaulting Party, shall have the right (i) to suspend performance under any or all Transactions; provided, however, in no event shall any such suspension continue for longer than ten (10) NERC Business Days with respect to any single Transaction unless an early Termination Date shall have been declared and notice thereof pursuant to Section 5.2 given, and (ii) to the extent an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing to exercise any remedy available at law or in equity.
ARTICLE SIX: PAYMENT AND NETTING
          6.1 Billing Period . Unless otherwise specifically agreed upon by the Parties in a Transaction, the calendar month shall be the standard period for all payments under this Agreement (other than Termination Payments and, if "Accelerated Payment of Damages" is specified by the Parties in the Cover Sheet, payments pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2 and Option premium payments pursuant to Section 6.7). As soon as practicable after the end of each month, each Party will render to the other Party an invoice for the payment obligations, if any, incurred hereunder during the preceding month.
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          6.2 Timeliness of Payment . Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties in a Transaction, all invoices under this Master Agreement shall be due and payable in accordance with each Party's invoice instructions on or before the later of the twentieth (20th) day of each month, or tenth (10th) day after receipt of the invoice or, if such day is not a Business Day, then on the next Business Day. Each Party will make payments by electronic funds transfer, or by other mutually agreeable method(s), to the account designated by the other Party. Any amounts not paid by the due date will be deemed delinquent and will accrue interest at the Interest Rate, such interest to be calculated from and including the due date to but excluding the date the delinquent amount is paid in full.
          6.3 Disputes and Adjustments of Invoices . A Party may, in good faith, dispute the correctness of any invoice or any adjustment to an invoice, rendered under this Agreement or adjust any invoice for any arithmetic or computational error within twelve (12) months of the date the invoice, or adjustment to an invoice, was rendered. In the event an invoice or portion thereof, or any other claim or adjustment arising hereunder, is disputed, payment of the undisputed portion of the invoice shall be required to be made when due, with notice of the objection given to the other Party. Any invoice dispute or invoice adjustment shall be in writing and shall state the basis for the dispute or adjustment. Payment of the disputed amount shall not be required until the dispute is resolved. Upon resolution of the dispute, any required payment shall be made within two (2) Business Days of such resolution along with interest accrued at the Interest Rate from and including the due date to but excluding the date paid. Inadvertent overpayments shall be returned upon request or deducted by the Party receiving such overpayment from subsequent payments, with interest accrued at the Interest Rate from and including the date of such overpayment to but excluding the date repaid or deducted by the Party receiving such overpayment. Any dispute with respect to an invoice is waived unless the other Party is notified in accordance with this Section 6.3 within twelve (12) months after the invoice is rendered or any specific adjustment to the invoice is made. If an invoice is not rendered within twelve (12) months after the close of the month during which performance of a Transaction occurred, the right to payment for such performance is waived.
          6.4 Netting of Payments . The Parties hereby agree that they shall discharge mutual debts and payment obligations due and owing to each other on the same date pursuant to all Transactions through netting, in which case all amounts owed by each Party to the other Party for the purchase and sale of Products during the monthly billing period under this Master Agreement, including any related damages calculated pursuant to Article Four (unless one of the Parties elects to accelerate payment of such amounts as permitted by Article Four), interest, and payments or credits, shall be netted so that only the excess amount remaining due shall be paid by the Party who owes it.
          6.5 Payment Obligation Absent Netting . If no mutual debts or payment obligations exist and only one Party owes a debt or obligation to the other during the monthly billing period, including, but not limited to, any related damage amounts calculated pursuant to Article Four, interest, and payments or credits, that Party shall pay such sum in full when due.
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          6.6 Security . Unless the Party benefiting from Performance Assurance or a guaranty notifies the other Party in writing, and except in connection with a liquidation and termination in accordance with Article Five, all amounts netted pursuant to this Article Six shall not take into account or include any Performance Assurance or guaranty which may be in effect to secure a Party's performance under this Agreement.
          6.7 Payment for Options . The premium amount for the purchase of an Option shall be paid within two (2) Business Days of receipt of an invoice from the Option Seller. Upon exercise of an Option, payment for the Product underlying such Option shall be due in accordance with Section 6.1.
          6.8 Transaction Netting . If the Parties enter into one or more Transactions, which in conjunction with one or more other outstanding Transactions, constitute Offsetting Transactions, then all such Offsetting Transactions may by agreement of the Parties, be netted into a single Transaction under which:
 
 
 
 
(a)
the Party obligated to deliver the greater amount of Energy will deliver the difference between the total amount it is obligated to deliver and the total amount to be delivered to it under the Offsetting Transactions, and
 
 
 
 
(b)
the Party owing the greater aggregate payment will pay the net difference owed between the Parties.
Each single Transaction resulting under this Section shall be deemed part of the single, indivisible contractual arrangement between the parties, and once such resulting Transaction occurs, outstanding obligations under the Offsetting Transactions which are satisfied by such offset shall terminate.
ARTICLE SEVEN: LIMITATIONS
          7.1 Limitation of Remedies, Liability and Damages . EXCEPT AS SET FORTH HEREIN, THERE IS NO WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND ANY AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES ARE DISCLAIMED. THE PARTIES CONFIRM THAT THE EXPRESS REMEDIES AND MEASURES OF DAMAGES PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT SATISFY THE ESSENTIAL PURPOSES HEREOF. FOR BREACH OF ANY PROVISION FOR WHICH AN EXPRESS REMEDY OR MEASURE OF DAMAGES IS PROVIDED, SUCH EXPRESS REMEDY OR MEASURE OF DAMAGES SHALL BE THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY, THE OBLIGOR'S LIABILITY SHALL BE LIMITED AS SET FORTH IN SUCH PROVISION AND ALL OTHER REMEDIES OR DAMAGES AT LAW OR IN EQUITY ARE WAIVED. IF NO REMEDY OR MEASURE OF DAMAGES IS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN OR IN A TRANSACTION, THE OBLIGOR'S LIABILITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO DIRECT ACTUAL DAMAGES ONLY, SUCH DIRECT ACTUAL DAMAGES SHALL BE THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND ALL OTHER REMEDIES OR DAMAGES AT LAW OR IN EQUITY ARE WAIVED. UNLESS EXPRESSLY HEREIN PROVIDED, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE FOR CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY OR INDIRECT DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR OTHER BUSINESS INTERRUPTION DAMAGES, BY STATUTE, IN TORT OR CONTRACT, UNDER ANY INDEMNITY PROVISION OR OTHERWISE. IT IS THE INTENT OF THE PARTIES THAT THE LIMITATIONS HEREIN IMPOSED ON REMEDIES AND THE MEASURE OF DAMAGES BE WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CAUSE OR CAUSES RELATED THERETO, INCLUDING THE NEGLIGENCE OF ANY PARTY, WHETHER SUCH NEGLIGENCE BE SOLE, JOINT OR CONCURRENT, OR ACTIVE OR PASSIVE. TO THE EXTENT ANY DAMAGES REQUIRED TO BE PAID HEREUNDER ARE LIQUIDATED, THE PARTIES ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE DAMAGES ARE DIFFICULT OR IMPOSSIBLE TO DETERMINE, OR OTHERWISE OBTAINING AN ADEQUATE REMEDY IS INCONVENIENT AND THE DAMAGES CALCULATED HEREUNDER CONSTITUTE A REASONABLE APPROXIMATION OF THE HARM OR LOSS.
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ARTICLE EIGHT: CREDIT AND COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS
          8.1 Party A Credit Protection . The applicable credit and collateral requirements shall be as specified on the Cover Sheet. If no option in Section 8.1(a) is specified on the Cover Sheet, Section 8.l(a) Option C shall apply exclusively. If none of Sections 8.1(b), 8.1(c) or 8.1(d) are specified on the Cover Sheet, Section 8.1(b) shall apply exclusively.
                    (a) Financial Information . Option A: If requested by Party A, Party B shall deliver (i) within 120 days following the end of each fiscal year, a copy of Party B's annual report containing audited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal year and (ii) within 60 days after the end of each of its first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year, a copy of Party B's quarterly report containing unaudited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal quarter. In all cases the statements shall be for the most recent accounting period and prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; provided, however, that should any such statements not be available on a timely basis due to a delay in preparation or certification, such delay shall not be an Event of Default so long as Party B diligently pursues the preparation, certification and delivery of the statements.
          Option B: If requested by Party A, Party B shall deliver (i) within 120 days following the end of each fiscal year, a copy of the annual report containing audited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal year for the party(s) specified on the Cover Sheet and (ii) within 60 days after the end of each of its first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year, a copy of quarterly report containing unaudited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal quarter for the party(s) specified on the Cover Sheet. In all cases the statements shall be for the most recent accounting period and shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; provided, however, that should any such statements not be available on a timely basis due to a delay in preparation or certification, such delay shall not be an Event of Default so long as the relevant entity diligently pursues the preparation, certification and delivery of the statements.
          Option C: Party A may request from Party B the information specified in the Cover Sheet.
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                    (b) Credit Assurances . If Party A has reasonable grounds to believe that Party B's creditworthiness or performance under this Agreement has become unsatisfactory, Party A will provide Party B with written notice requesting Performance Assurance in an amount determined by Party A in a commercially reasonable manner. Upon receipt of such notice Party B shall have three (3) Business Days to remedy the situation by providing such Performance Assurance to Party A. In the event that Party B fails to provide such Performance Assurance, or a guaranty or other credit assurance acceptable to Party A within three (3) Business Days of receipt of notice, then an Event of Default under Article Five will be deemed to have occurred and Party A will be entitled to the remedies set forth in Article Five of this Master Agreement.
                    (c) Collateral Threshold . If at any time and from time to time during the term of this Agreement (and notwithstanding whether an Event of Default has occurred), the Termination Payment that would be owed to Party A plus Party B's Independent Amount, if any, exceeds the Party B Collateral Threshold, then Party A, on any Business Day, may request that Party B provide Performance Assurance in an amount equal to the amount by which the Termination Payment plus Party B's Independent Amount, if any, exceeds the Party B Collateral Threshold (rounding upwards for any fractional amount to the next Party B Rounding Amount) ("Party B Performance Assurance"), less any Party B Performance Assurance already posted with Party A. Such Party B Performance Assurance shall be delivered to Party A within three (3) Business Days of the date of such request. On any Business Day (but no more frequently than weekly with respect to Letters of Credit and daily with respect to cash), Party B, at its sole cost, may request that such Party B Performance Assurance be reduced correspondingly to the amount of such excess Termination Payment plus Party B's Independent Amount, if any, (rounding upwards for any fractional amount to the next Party B Rounding Amount). In the event that Party B fails to provide Party B Performance Assurance pursuant to the terms of this Article Eight within three (3) Business Days, then an Event of Default under Article Five shall be deemed to have occurred and Party A will be entitled to the remedies set forth in Article Five of this Master Agreement.
          For purposes of this Section 8.1(c), the calculation of the Termination Payment shall be calculated pursuant to Section 5.3 by Party A as if all outstanding Transactions had been liquidated, and in addition thereto, shall include all amounts owed but not yet paid by Party B to Party A, whether or not such amounts are due, for performance already provided pursuant to any and all Transactions.
                    (d) Downgrade Event . If at any time there shall occur a Downgrade Event in respect of Party B, then Party A may require Party B to provide Performance Assurance in an amount determined by Party A in a commercially reasonable manner. In the event Party B shall fail to provide such Performance Assurance or a guaranty or other credit assurance acceptable to Party A within three (3) Business Days of receipt of notice, then an Event of Default shall be deemed to have occurred and Party A will be entitled to the remedies set forth in Article Five of this Master Agreement.
                    (e) If specified on the Cover Sheet, Party B shall deliver to Party A, prior to or concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Master Agreement a guarantee in an amount not less than the Guarantee Amount specified on the Cover Sheet and in a form reasonably acceptable to Party A.
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          8.2 Party B Credit Protection . The applicable credit and collateral requirements shall be as specified on the Cover Sheet. If no option in Section 8.2(a) is specified on the Cover Sheet, Section 8.2(a) Option C shall apply exclusively. If none of Sections 8.2(b), 8.2(c) or 8.2(d) are specified on the Cover Sheet, Section 8.2(b) shall apply exclusively.
                    (a) Financial Information . Option A: If requested by Party B, Party A shall deliver (i) within 120 days following the end of each fiscal year, a copy of Party A's annual report containing audited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal year and (ii) within 60 days after the end of each of its first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year, a copy of such Party's quarterly report containing unaudited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal quarter. In all cases the statements shall be for the most recent accounting period and prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; provided, however, that should any such statements not be available on a timely basis due to a delay in preparation or certification, such delay shall not be an Event of Default so long as such Party diligently pursues the preparation, certification and delivery of the statements.
          Option B: If requested by Party B, Party A shall deliver (i) within 120 days following the end of each fiscal year, a copy of the annual report containing audited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal year for the party(s) specified on the Cover Sheet and (ii) within 60 days after the end of each of its first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year, a copy of quarterly report containing unaudited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal quarter for the party(s) specified on the Cover Sheet. In all cases the statements shall be for the most recent accounting period and shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; provided, however, that should any such statements not be available on a timely basis due to a delay in preparation or certification, such delay shall not be an Event of Default so long as the relevant entity diligently pursues the preparation, certification and delivery of the statements.
          Option C: Party B may request from Party A the information specified in the Cover Sheet.
                    (b) Credit Assurances . If Party B has reasonable grounds to believe that Party A's creditworthiness or performance under this Agreement has become unsatisfactory, Party B will provide Party A with written notice requesting Performance Assurance in an amount determined by Party B in a commercially reasonable manner. Upon receipt of such notice Party A shall have three (3) Business Days to remedy the situation by providing such Performance Assurance to Party B. In the event that Party A fails to provide such Performance Assurance, or a guaranty or other credit assurance acceptable to Party B within three (3) Business Days of receipt of notice, then an Event of Default under Article Five will be deemed to have occurred and Party B will be entitled to the remedies set forth in Article Five of this Master Agreement.
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                    (c) Collateral Threshold . If at any time and from time to time during the term of this Agreement (and notwithstanding whether an Event of Default has occurred), the Termination Payment that would be owed to Party B plus Party A's Independent Amount, if any, exceeds the Party A Collateral Threshold, then Party B, on any Business Day, may request that Party A provide Performance Assurance in an amount equal to the amount by which the Termination Payment plus Party A's Independent Amount, if any, exceeds the Party A Collateral Threshold (rounding upwards for any fractional amount to the next Party A Rounding Amount) ("Party A Performance Assurance"), less any Party A Performance Assurance already posted with Party B. Such Party A Performance Assurance shall be delivered to Party B within three (3) Business Days of the date of such request. On any Business Day (but no more frequently than weekly with respect to Letters of Credit and daily with respect to cash), Party A, at its sole cost, may request that such Party A Performance Assurance be reduced correspondingly to the amount of such excess Termination Payment plus Party A's Independent Amount, if any, (rounding upwards for any fractional amount to the next Party A Rounding Amount). In the event that Party A fails to provide Party A Performance Assurance pursuant to the terms of this Article Eight within three (3) Business Days, then an Event of Default under Article Five shall be deemed to have occurred and Party B will be entitled to the remedies set forth in Article Five of this Master Agreement.
          For purposes of this Section 8.2(c), the calculation of the Termination Payment shall be calculated pursuant to Section 5.3 by Party B as if all outstanding Transactions had been liquidated, and in addition thereto, shall include all amounts owed but not yet paid by Party A to Party B, whether or not such amounts are due, for performance already provided pursuant to any and all Transactions.
                    (d) Downgrade Event . If at any time there shall occur a Downgrade Event in respect of Party A, then Party B may require Party A to provide Performance Assurance in an amount determined by Party B in a commercially reasonable manner. In the event Party A shall fail to provide such Performance Assurance or a guaranty or other credit assurance acceptable to Party B within three (3) Business Days of receipt of notice, then an Event of Default shall be deemed to have occurred and Party B will be entitled to the remedies set forth in Article Five of this Master Agreement.
                    (e) If specified on the Cover Sheet, Party A shall deliver to Party B, prior to or concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Master Agreement a guarantee in an amount not less than the Guarantee Amount specified on the Cover Sheet and in a form reasonably acceptable to Party B.
          8.3 Grant of Security Interest/Remedies . To secure its obligations under this Agreement and to the extent either or both Parties deliver Performance Assurance hereunder, each Party (a "Pledgor") hereby grants to the other Party (the "Secured Party") a present and continuing security interest in, and lien on (and right of setoff against), and assignment of, all cash collateral and cash equivalent collateral and any and all proceeds resulting therefrom or the liquidation thereof, whether now or hereafter held by, on behalf of, or for the benefit of, such Secured Party, and each Party agrees to take such action as the other Party reasonably requires in order to perfect the Secured Party's first-priority security interest in, and lien on (and right of setoff against), such collateral and any and all proceeds resulting therefrom or from the liquidation thereof. Upon or any time after the occurrence or deemed occurrence and during the continuation of an Event of Default or an Early Termination Date, the Non-Defaulting Party may do any one or more of the following: (i) exercise any of the rights and remedies of a Secured Party with respect to all Performance Assurance, including any such rights and remedies under law then in effect; (ii) exercise its rights of setoff against any and all property of the Defaulting Party in the possession of the Non-Defaulting Party or its agent; (iii) draw on any outstanding Letter of Credit issued for its benefit; and (iv) liquidate all Performance Assurance then held by or for the benefit of the Secured Party free from any claim or right of any nature whatsoever of the Defaulting Party, including any equity or right of purchase or redemption by the Defaulting Party. The Secured Party shall apply the proceeds of the collateral realized upon the exercise of any such rights or remedies to reduce the Pledgor's obligations under the Agreement (the Pledgor remaining liable for any amounts owing to the Secured Party after such application), subject to the Secured Party's obligation to return any surplus proceeds remaining after such obligations are satisfied in full.
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ARTICLE NINE: GOVERNMENTAL CHARGES
          9.1 Cooperation . Each Party shall use reasonable efforts to implement the provisions of and to administer this Master Agreement in accordance with the intent of the parties to minimize all taxes , so long as neither Party is materially adversely affected by such efforts.
          9.2 Governmental Charges . Seller shall pay or cause to be paid all taxes imposed by any government authority("Governmental Charges") on or with respect to the Product or a Transaction arising prior to the Delivery Point. Buyer shall pay or cause to be paid all Governmental Charges on or with respect to the Product or a Transaction at and from the Delivery Point (other than ad valorem, franchise or income taxes which are related to the sale of the Product and are, therefore, the responsibility of the Seller). In the event Seller is required by law or regulation to remit or pay Governmental Charges which are Buyer's responsibility hereunder, Buyer shall promptly reimburse Seller for such Governmental Charges. If Buyer is required by law or regulation to remit or pay Governmental Charges which are Seller's responsibility hereunder, Buyer may deduct the amount of any such Governmental Charges from the sums due to Seller under Article 6 of this Agreement. Nothing shall obligate or cause a Party to pay or be liable to pay any Governmental Charges for which it is exempt under the law.
ARTICLE TEN: MISCELLANEOUS
          10.1 Term of Master Agreement . The term of this Master Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and shall remain in effect until terminated by either Party upon (thirty) 30 days' prior written notice; provided, however, that such termination shall not affect or excuse the performance of either Party under any provision of this Master Agreement that by its terms survives any such termination and, provided further, that this Master Agreement and any other documents executed and delivered hereunder shall remain in effect with respect to the Transaction(s) entered into prior to the effective date of such termination until both Parties have fulfilled all of their obligations with respect to such Transaction(s), or such Transaction(s) that have been terminated under Section 5.2 of this Agreement.
          10.2 Representations and Warranties . On the Effective Date and the date of entering into each Transaction, each Party represents and warrants to the other Party that:
 
 
 
 
(i)
it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation;

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(ii)
it has all regulatory authorizations necessary for it to legally perform its obligations under this Master Agreement and each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3);
 
 
 
 
(iii)
the execution, delivery and performance of this Master Agreement and each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3) are within its powers, have been duly authorized by all necessary action and do not violate any of the terms and conditions in its governing documents, any contracts to which it is a party or any law, rule, regulation, order or the like applicable to it;
 
 
 
 
(iv)
this Master Agreement, each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3), and each other document executed and delivered in accordance with this Master Agreement constitutes its legally valid and binding obligation enforceable against it in accordance with its terms; subject to any Equitable Defenses.
 
 
 
 
(v)
it is not Bankrupt and there are no proceedings pending or being contemplated by it or, to its knowledge, threatened against it which would result in it being or becoming Bankrupt;
 
 
 
 
(vi)
there is not pending or, to its knowledge, threatened against it or any of its Affiliates any legal proceedings that could materially adversely affect its ability to perform its obligations under this Master Agreement and each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3);
 
 
 
 
(vii)
no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default with respect to it has occurred and is continuing and no such event or circumstance would occur as a result of its entering into or performing its obligations under this Master Agreement and each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3);
 
 
 
 
(viii)
it is acting for its own account, has made its own independent decision to enter into this Master Agreement and each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3) and as to whether this Master Agreement and each such Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3) is appropriate or proper for it based upon its own judgment, is not relying upon the advice or recommendations of the other Party in so doing, and is capable of assessing the merits of and understanding, and understands and accepts, the terms, conditions and risks of this Master Agreement and each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3);
 
 
 
 
(ix)
it is a "forward contract merchant" within the meaning of the United States Bankruptcy Code;

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(x)
it has entered into this Master Agreement and each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3) in connection with the conduct of its business and it has the capacity or ability to make or take delivery of all Products referred to in the Transaction to which it is a Party;
 
 
 
 
(xi)
with respect to each Transaction (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3) involving the purchase or sale of a Product or an Option, it is a producer, processor, commercial user or merchant handling the Product, and it is entering into such Transaction for purposes related to its business as such; and
 
 
 
 
(xii)
the material economic terms of each Transaction are subject to individual negotiation by the Parties.
          10.3 Title and Risk of Loss . Title to and risk of loss related to the Product shall transfer from Seller to Buyer at the Delivery Point. Seller warrants that it will deliver to Buyer the Quantity of the Product free and clear of all liens, security interests, claims and encumbrances or any interest therein or thereto by any person arising prior to the Delivery Point.
          10.4 Indemnity . Each Party shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the other Party from and against any Claims arising from or out of any event, circumstance, act or incident first occurring or existing during the period when control and title to Product is vested in such Party as provided in Section 10.3. Each Party shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the other Party against any Governmental Charges for which such Party is responsible under Article Nine.
          10.5 Assignment . Neither Party shall assign this Agreement or its rights hereunder without the prior written consent of the other Party, which consent may be withheld in the exercise of its sole discretion; provided, however, either Party may, without the consent of the other Party (and without relieving itself from liability hereunder), (i) transfer, sell, pledge, encumber or assign this Agreement or the accounts, revenues or proceeds hereof in connection with any financing or other financial arrangements, (ii) transfer or assign this Agreement to an affiliate of such Party which affiliate's creditworthiness is equal to or higher than that of such Party, or (iii) transfer or assign this Agreement to any person or entity succeeding to all or substantially all of the assets whose creditworthiness is equal to or higher than that of such Party; provided, however, that in each such case, any such assignee shall agree in writing to be bound by the terms and conditions hereof and so long as the transferring Party delivers such tax and enforceability assurance as the non-transferring Party may reasonably request.
          10.6 Governing Law . THIS AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED, ENFORCED AND PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW. EACH PARTY WAIVES ITS RESPECTIVE RIGHT TO ANY JURY TRIAL WITH RESPECT TO ANY LITIGATION ARISING UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT.
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          10.7 Notices . All notices, requests, statements or payments shall be made as specified in the Cover Sheet. Notices (other than scheduling requests) shall, unless otherwise specified herein, be in writing and may be delivered by hand delivery, United States mail, overnight courier service or facsimile. Notice by facsimile or hand delivery shall be effective at the close of business on the day actually received, if received during business hours on a Business Day, and otherwise shall be effective at the close of business on the next Business Day. Notice by overnight United States mail or courier shall be effective on the next Business Day after it was sent. A Party may change its addresses by providing notice of same in accordance herewith.
          10.8 General . This Master Agreement (including the exhibits, schedules and any written supplements hereto), the Party A Tariff, if any, the Party B Tariff, if any, any designated collateral, credit support or margin agreement or similar arrangement between the Parties and all Transactions (including any Confirmation accepted in accordance with Section 2.3) constitute the entire agreement between the Parties relating to the subject matter. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any collateral, credit support or margin agreement or similar arrangement between the Parties shall, upon designation by the Parties, be deemed part of this Agreement and shall be incorporated herein by reference. This Agreement shall be considered for all purposes as prepared through the joint efforts of the parties and shall not be construed against one party or the other as a result of the preparation, substitution, submission or other event of negotiation, drafting or execution hereof. Except to the extent herein provided for, no amendment or modification to this Master Agreement shall be enforceable unless reduced to writing and executed by both Parties. Each Party agrees if it seeks to amend any applicable wholesale power sales tariff during the term of this Agreement, such amendment will not in any way affect outstanding Transactions under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other Party. Each Party further agrees that it will not assert, or defend itself, on the basis that any applicable tariff is inconsistent with this Agreement. This Agreement shall not impart any rights enforceable by any third party (other than a permitted successor or assignee bound to this Agreement). Waiver by a Party of any default by the other Party shall not be construed as a waiver of any other default. Any provision declared or rendered unlawful by any applicable court of law or regulatory agency or deemed unlawful because of a statutory change (individually or collectively, such events referred to as "Regulatory Event") will not otherwise affect the remaining lawful obligations that arise under this Agreement; and provided, further, that if a Regulatory Event occurs, the Parties shall use their best efforts to reform this Agreement in order to give effect to the original intention of the Parties. The term "including" when used in this Agreement shall be by way of example only and shall not be considered in any way to be in limitation. The headings used herein are for convenience and reference purposes only. All indemnity and audit rights shall survive the termination of this Agreement for twelve (12) months. This Agreement shall be binding on each Party's successors and permitted assigns.
          10.9 Audit . Each Party has the right, at its sole expense and during normal working hours, to examine the records of the other Party to the extent reasonably necessary to verify the accuracy of any statement, charge or computation made pursuant to this Master Agreement. If requested, a Party shall provide to the other Party statements evidencing the Quantity delivered at the Delivery Point. If any such examination reveals any inaccuracy in any statement, the necessary adjustments in such statement and the payments thereof will be made promptly and shall bear interest calculated at the Interest Rate from the date the overpayment or underpayment was made until paid; provided, however, that no adjustment for any statement or payment will be made unless objection to the accuracy thereof was made prior to the lapse of twelve (12) months from the rendition thereof, and thereafter any objection shall be deemed waived.
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          10.10 Forward Contract . The Parties acknowledge and agree that all Transactions constitute "forward contracts" within the meaning of the United States Bankruptcy Code.
          10.11 Confidentiality . If the Parties have elected on the Cover Sheet to make this Section 10.11 applicable to this Master Agreement, neither Party shall disclose the terms or conditions of a Transaction under this Master Agreement to a third party (other than the Party's employees, lenders, counsel, accountants or advisors who have a need to know such information and have agreed to keep such terms confidential) except in order to comply with any applicable law, regulation, or any exchange, control area or independent system operator rule or in connection with any court or regulatory proceeding; provided, however, each Party shall, to the extent practicable, use reasonable efforts to prevent or limit the disclosure. The Parties shall be entitled to all remedies available at law or in equity to enforce, or seek relief in connection with, this confidentiality obligation.
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SCHEDULE M
(THIS SCHEDULE IS INCLUDED IF THE APPROPRIATE BOX ON THE COVER SHEET IS MARKED INDICATING A PARTY IS A GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY OR PUBLIC POWER SYSTEM)
          A. The Parties agree to add the following definitions in Article One.
 
 
 
          "Act" means ______________________________. [1]
 
 
 
          "Governmental Entity or Public Power System" means a municipality, county, governmental board, public power authority, public utility district, joint action agency, or other similar political subdivision or public entity of the United States, one or more States or territories or any combination thereof.
 
 
 
          "Special Fund" means a fund or account of the Governmental Entity or Public Power System set aside and or pledged to satisfy the Public Power System's obligations hereunder out of which amounts shall be paid to satisfy all of the Public Power System's obligations under this Master Agreement for the entire Delivery Period.
 
 
          B. The following sentence shall be added to the end of the definition of "Force Majeure" in Article One.
 
 
          If the Claiming Party is a Governmental Entity or Public Power System, Force Majeure does not include any action taken by the Governmental Entity or Public Power System in its governmental capacity.
 
 
          C. The Parties agree to add the following representations and warranties to Section 10.2:
 
 
1 Cite the state enabling and other relevant statutes applicable to Governmental Entity or Public Power System.

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Further and with respect to a Party that is a Governmental Entity or Public Power System, such Governmental Entity or Public Power System represents and warrants to the other Party continuing throughout the term of this Master Agreement, with respect to this Master Agreement and each Transaction, as follows: (i) all acts necessary to the valid execution, delivery and performance of this Master Agreement, including without limitation, competitive bidding, public notice, election, referendum, prior appropriation or other required procedures has or will be taken and performed as required under the Act and the Public Power System's ordinances, bylaws or other regulations, (ii) all persons making up the governing body of Governmental Entity or Public Power System are the duly elected or appointed incumbents in their positions and hold such positions in good standing in accordance with the Act and other applicable law, (iii) entry into and performance of this Master Agreement by Governmental Entity or Public Power System are for a proper public purpose within the meaning of the Act and all other relevant constitutional, organic or other governing documents and applicable law, (iv) the term of this Master Agreement does not extend beyond any applicable limitation imposed by the Act or other relevant constitutional, organic or other governing documents and applicable law, (v) the Public Power System's obligations to make payments hereunder are unsubordinated obligations and such payments are (a) operating and maintenance costs (or similar designation) which enjoy first priority of payment at all times under any and all bond ordinances or indentures to which it is a party, the Act and all other relevant constitutional, organic or other governing documents and applicable law or (b) otherwise not subject to any prior claim under any and all bond ordinances or indentures to which it is a party, the Act and all other relevant constitutional, organic or other governing documents and applicable law and are available without limitation or deduction to satisfy all Governmental Entity or Public Power System' obligations hereunder and under each Transaction or (c) are to be made solely from a Special Fund, (vi) entry into and performance of this Master Agreement and each Transaction by the Governmental Entity or Public Power System will not adversely affect the exclusion from gross income for federal income tax purposes of interest on any obligation of Governmental Entity or Public Power System otherwise entitled to such exclusion, and (vii) obligations to make payments hereunder do not constitute any kind of indebtedness of Governmental Entity or Public Power System or create any kind of lien on, or security interest in, any property or revenues of Governmental Entity or Public Power System which, in either case, is proscribed by any provision of the Act or any other relevant constitutional, organic or other governing documents and applicable law, any order or judgment of any court or other agency of government applicable to it or its assets, or any contractual restriction binding on or affecting it or any of its assets.
 
 
          D. The Parties agree to add the following sections to Article Three:
 
 
          Section 3.4 Public Power System's Deliveries . On the Effective Date and as a condition to the obligations of the other Party under this Agreement, Governmental Entity or Public Power System shall provide the other Party hereto (i) certified copies of all ordinances, resolutions, public notices and other documents evidencing the necessary authorizations with respect to the execution, delivery and performance by Governmental Entity or Public Power System of this Master Agreement and (ii) an opinion of counsel for Governmental Entity or Public Power System, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Other Party, regarding the validity, binding effect and enforceability of this Master Agreement against Governmental Entity or Public Power System in respect of the Act and all other relevant constitutional organic or other governing documents and applicable law.

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          Section 3.5 No Immunity Claim . Governmental Entity or Public Power System warrants and covenants that with respect to its contractual obligations hereunder and performance thereof, it will not claim immunity on the grounds of sovereignty or similar grounds with respect to itself or its revenues or assets from (a) suit, (b) jurisdiction of court (including a court located outside the jurisdiction of its organization), (c) relief by way of injunction, order for specific performance or recovery of property, (d) attachment of assets, or (e) execution or enforcement of any judgment.
 
 
          E. If the appropriate box is checked on the Cover Sheet, as an alternative to selecting one of the options under Section 8.3, the Parties agree to add the following section to Article Three:
 
 
          Section 3.6 Governmental Entity or Public Power System Security . With respect to each Transaction, Governmental Entity or Public Power System shall either (i) have created and set aside a Special Fund or (ii) upon execution of this Master Agreement and prior to the commencement of each subsequent fiscal year of Governmental Entity or Public Power System during any Delivery Period, have obtained all necessary budgetary approvals and certifications for payment of all of its obligations under this Master Agreement for such fiscal year; any breach of this provision shall be deemed to have arisen during a fiscal period of Governmental Entity or Public Power System for which budgetary approval or certification of its obligations under this Master Agreement is in effect and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Article Four, an Early Termination Date shall automatically and without further notice occur hereunder as of such date wherein Governmental Entity or Public Power System shall be treated as the Defaulting Party. Governmental Entity or Public Power System shall have allocated to the Special Fund or its general funds a revenue base that is adequate to cover Public Power System's payment obligations hereunder throughout the entire Delivery Period.
 
 
          F. If the appropriate box is checked on the Cover Sheet, the Parties agree to add the following section to Article Eight:
 
 
          Section 8.4 Governmental Security . As security for payment and performance of Public Power System's obligations hereunder, Public Power System hereby pledges, sets over, assigns and grants to the other Party a security interest in all of Public Power System's right, title and interest in and to [specify collateral].
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          G. The Parties agree to add the following sentence at the end of Section 10.6 - Governing Law:
 
 
NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, IN RESPECT OF THE APPLICABILITY OF THE ACT AS HEREIN PROVIDED, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF _____________ [2] SHALL APPLY.
 
 
 
2 Insert relevant state for Governmental Entity or Public Power System.

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SCHEDULE P: PRODUCTS AND RELATED DEFINITIONS
          "Ancillary Services" means any of the services identified by a Transmission Provider in its transmission tariff as "ancillary services" including, but not limited to, regulation and frequency response, energy imbalance, operating reserve-spinning and operating reserve-supplemental, as may be specified in the Transaction.
          "Capacity" has the meaning specified in the Transaction.
          "Energy" means three-phase, 60-cycle alternating current electric energy, expressed in megawatt hours.
          "Firm (LD)" means, with respect to a Transaction, that either Party shall be relieved of its obligations to sell and deliver or purchase and receive without liability only to the extent that, and for the period during which, such performance is prevented by Force Majeure. In the absence of Force Majeure, the Party to which performance is owed shall be entitled to receive from the Party which failed to deliver/receive an amount determined pursuant to Article Four.
          "Firm Transmission Contingent - Contract Path" means, with respect to a Transaction, that the performance of either Seller or Buyer (as specified in the Transaction) shall be excused, and no damages shall be payable including any amounts determined pursuant to Article Four, if the transmission for such Transaction is interrupted or curtailed and (i) such Party has provided for firm transmission with the transmission provider(s) for the Product in the case of the Seller from the generation source to the Delivery Point or in the case of the Buyer from the Delivery Point to the ultimate sink, and (ii) such interruption or curtailment is due to "force majeure" or "uncontrollable force" or a similar term as defined under the applicable transmission provider's tariff. This contingency shall excuse performance for the duration of the interruption or curtailment notwithstanding the provisions of the definition of "Force Majeure" in Section 1.23 to the contrary.
          "Firm Transmission Contingent - Delivery Point" means, with respect to a Transaction, that the performance of either Seller or Buyer (as specified in the Transaction) shall be excused, and no damages shall be payable including any amounts determined pursuant to Article Four, if the transmission to the Delivery Point (in the case of Seller) or from the Delivery Point (in the case of Buyer) for such Transaction is interrupted or curtailed and (i) such Party has provided for firm transmission with the transmission provider(s) for the Product, in the case of the Seller, to be delivered to the Delivery Point or, in the case of Buyer, to be received at the Delivery Point and (ii) such interruption or curtailment is due to "force majeure" or "uncontrollable force" or a similar term as defined under the applicable transmission provider's tariff. This transmission contingency excuses performance for the duration of the interruption or curtailment, notwithstanding the provisions of the definition of "Force Majeure" in Section 1.23 to the contrary. Interruptions or curtailments of transmission other than the transmission either immediately to or from the Delivery Point shall not excuse performance
          "Firm (No Force Majeure)" means, with respect to a Transaction, that if either Party fails to perform its obligation to sell and deliver or purchase and receive the Product, the Party to which performance is owed shall be entitled to receive from the Party which failed to perform an amount determined pursuant to Article Four. Force Majeure shall not excuse performance of a Firm (No Force Majeure) Transaction.
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          "Into ______________ (the "Receiving Transmission Provider"), Seller's Daily Choice" means that, in accordance with the provisions set forth below, (1) the Product shall be scheduled and delivered to an interconnection or interface ("Interface") either (a) on the Receiving Transmission Provider's transmission system border or (b) within the control area of the Receiving Transmission Provider if the Product is from a source of generation in that control area, which Interface, in either case, the Receiving Transmission Provider identifies as available for delivery of the Product in or into its control area; and (2) Seller has the right on a daily prescheduled basis to designate the Interface where the Product shall be delivered. An "Into" Product shall be subject to the following provisions:
          1. Prescheduling and Notification . Subject to the provisions of Section 6, not later than the prescheduling deadline of 11:00 a.m. CPT on the Business Day before the next delivery day or as otherwise agreed to by Buyer and Seller, Seller shall notify Buyer ("Seller's Notification") of Seller's immediate upstream counterparty and the Interface (the "Designated Interface") where Seller shall deliver the Product for the next delivery day, and Buyer shall notify Seller of Buyer's immediate downstream counterparty.
          2. Availability of "Firm Transmission" to Buyer at Designated Interface; "Timely Request for Transmission," "ADI" and "Available Transmission ." In determining availability to Buyer of next-day firm transmission ("Firm Transmission") from the Designated Interface, a "Timely Request for Transmission" shall mean a properly completed request for Firm Transmission made by Buyer in accordance with the controlling tariff procedures, which request shall be submitted to the Receiving Transmission Provider no later than 30 minutes after delivery of Seller's Notification, provided, however, if the Receiving Transmission Provider is not accepting requests for Firm Transmission at the time of Seller's Notification, then such request by Buyer shall be made within 30 minutes of the time when the Receiving Transmission Provider first opens thereafter for purposes of accepting requests for Firm Transmission.
          Pursuant to the terms hereof, delivery of the Product may under certain circumstances be redesignated to occur at an Interface other than the Designated Interface (any such alternate designated interface, an "ADI") either (a) on the Receiving Transmission Provider's transmission system border or (b) within the control area of the Receiving Transmission Provider if the Product is from a source of generation in that control area, which ADI, in either case, the Receiving Transmission Provider identifies as available for delivery of the Product in or into its control area using either firm or non-firm transmission, as available on a day-ahead or hourly basis (individually or collectively referred to as "Available Transmission") within the Receiving Transmission Provider's transmission system.
          3. Rights of Buyer and Seller Depending Upon Availability of/Timely Request for Firm Transmission .
          A. Timely Request for Firm Transmission made by Buyer, Accepted by the Receiving Transmission Provider and Purchased by Buyer . If a Timely Request for Firm Transmission is made by Buyer and is accepted by the Receiving Transmission Provider and Buyer purchases such Firm Transmission, then Seller shall deliver and Buyer shall receive the Product at the Designated Interface.
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          i. If the Firm Transmission purchased by Buyer within the Receiving Transmission Provider's transmission system from the Designated Interface ceases to be available to Buyer for any reason, or if Seller is unable to deliver the Product at the Designated Interface for any reason except Buyer's non-performance, then at Seller's choice from among the following, Seller shall: (a) to the extent Firm Transmission is available to Buyer from an ADI on a day-ahead basis, require Buyer to purchase such Firm Transmission from such ADI, and schedule and deliver the affected portion of the Product to such ADI on the basis of Buyer's purchase of Firm Transmission, or (b) require Buyer to purchase non-firm transmission, and schedule and deliver the affected portion of the Product on the basis of Buyer's purchase of non-firm transmission from the Designated Interface or an ADI designated by Seller, or (c) to the extent firm transmission is available on an hourly basis, require Buyer to purchase firm transmission, and schedule and deliver the affected portion of the Product on the basis of Buyer's purchase of such hourly firm transmission from the Designated Interface or an ADI designated by Seller.
 
 
 
          ii. If the Available Transmission utilized by Buyer as required by Seller pursuant to Section 3A(i) ceases to be available to Buyer for any reason, then Seller shall again have those alternatives stated in Section 3A(i) in order to satisfy its obligations.
 
 
 
          iii. Seller's obligation to schedule and deliver the Product at an ADI is subject to Buyer's obligation referenced in Section 4B to cooperate reasonably therewith. If Buyer and Seller cannot complete the scheduling and/or delivery at an ADI, then Buyer shall be deemed to have satisfied its receipt obligations to Seller and Seller shall be deemed to have failed its delivery obligations to Buyer, and Seller shall be liable to Buyer for amounts determined pursuant to Article Four.
 
 
 
          iv. In each instance in which Buyer and Seller must make alternative scheduling arrangements for delivery at the Designated Interface or an ADI pursuant to Sections 3A(i) or (ii), and Firm Transmission had been purchased by both Seller and Buyer into and within the Receiving Transmission Provider's transmission system as to the scheduled delivery which could not be completed as a result of the interruption or curtailment of such Firm Transmission, Buyer and Seller shall bear their respective transmission expenses and/or associated congestion charges incurred in connection with efforts to complete delivery by such alternative scheduling and delivery arrangements. In any instance except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, Buyer and Seller must make alternative scheduling arrangements for delivery at the Designated Interface or an ADI under Sections 3A(i) or (ii), Seller shall be responsible for any additional transmission purchases and/or associated congestion charges incurred by Buyer in connection with such alternative scheduling arrangements.

34
 

 
          B. Timely Request for Firm Transmission Made by Buyer but Rejected by the Receiving Transmission Provider . If Buyer's Timely Request for Firm Transmission is rejected by the Receiving Transmission Provider because of unavailability of Firm Transmission from the Designated Interface, then Buyer shall notify Seller within 15 minutes after receipt of the Receiving Transmission Provider's notice of rejection ("Buyer's Rejection Notice"). If Buyer timely notifies Seller of such unavailability of Firm Transmission from the Designated Interface, then Seller shall be obligated either (1) to the extent Firm Transmission is available to Buyer from an ADI on a day-ahead basis, to require Buyer to purchase (at Buyer's own expense) such Firm Transmission from such ADI and schedule and deliver the Product to such ADI on the basis of Buyer's purchase of Firm Transmission, and thereafter the provisions in Section 3A shall apply, or (2) to require Buyer to purchase (at Buyer's own expense) non-firm transmission, and schedule and deliver the Product on the basis of Buyer's purchase of non-firm transmission from the Designated Interface or an ADI designated by the Seller, in which case Seller shall bear the risk of interruption or curtailment of the non-firm transmission; provided, however, that if the non-firm transmission is interrupted or curtailed or if Seller is unable to deliver the Product for any reason, Seller shall have the right to schedule and deliver the Product to another ADI in order to satisfy its delivery obligations, in which case Seller shall be responsible for any additional transmission purchases and/or associated congestion charges incurred by Buyer in connection with Seller's inability to deliver the Product as originally prescheduled. If Buyer fails to timely notify Seller of the unavailability of Firm Transmission, then Buyer shall bear the risk of interruption or curtailment of transmission from the Designated Interface, and the provisions of Section 3D shall apply.
          C. Timely Request for Firm Transmission Made by Buyer, Accepted by the Receiving Transmission Provider and not Purchased by Buyer . If Buyer's Timely Request for Firm Transmission is accepted by the Receiving Transmission Provider but Buyer elects to purchase non-firm transmission rather than Firm Transmission to take delivery of the Product, then Buyer shall bear the risk of interruption or curtailment of transmission from the Designated Interface. In such circumstances, if Seller's delivery is interrupted as a result of transmission relied upon by Buyer from the Designated Interface, then Seller shall be deemed to have satisfied its delivery obligations to Buyer, Buyer shall be deemed to have failed to receive the Product and Buyer shall be liable to Seller for amounts determined pursuant to Article Four.
          D. No Timely Request for Firm Transmission Made by Buyer, or Buyer Fails to Timely Send Buyer's Rejection Notice . If Buyer fails to make a Timely Request for Firm Transmission or Buyer fails to timely deliver Buyer's Rejection Notice, then Buyer shall bear the risk of interruption or curtailment of transmission from the Designated Interface. In such circumstances, if Seller's delivery is interrupted as a result of transmission relied upon by Buyer from the Designated Interface, then Seller shall be deemed to have satisfied its delivery obligations to Buyer, Buyer shall be deemed to have failed to receive the Product and Buyer shall be liable to Seller for amounts determined pursuant to Article Four.
35
 

 
          4. Transmission .
 
 
 
          A. Seller's Responsibilities . Seller shall be responsible for transmission required to deliver the Product to the Designated Interface or ADI, as the case may be. It is expressly agreed that Seller is not required to utilize Firm Transmission for its delivery obligations hereunder, and Seller shall bear the risk of utilizing non-firm transmission. If Seller's scheduled delivery to Buyer is interrupted as a result of Buyer's attempted transmission of the Product beyond the Receiving Transmission Provider's system border, then Seller will be deemed to have satisfied its delivery obligations to Buyer, Buyer shall be deemed to have failed to receive the Product and Buyer shall be liable to Seller for damages pursuant to Article Four.
 
 
 
          B. Buyer's Responsibilities . Buyer shall be responsible for transmission required to receive and transmit the Product at and from the Designated Interface or ADI, as the case may be, and except as specifically provided in Section 3A and 3B, shall be responsible for any costs associated with transmission therefrom. If Seller is attempting to complete the designation of an ADI as a result of Seller's rights and obligations hereunder, Buyer shall co-operate reasonably with Seller in order to effect such alternate designation.
          5. Force Majeure . An "Into" Product shall be subject to the "Force Majeure" provisions in Section 1.23.
          6. Multiple Parties in Delivery Chain Involving a Designated Interface . Seller and Buyer recognize that there may be multiple parties involved in the delivery and receipt of the Product at the Designated Interface or ADI to the extent that (1) Seller may be purchasing the Product from a succession of other sellers ("Other Sellers"), the first of which Other Sellers shall be causing the Product to be generated from a source ("Source Seller") and/or (2) Buyer may be selling the Product to a succession of other buyers ("Other Buyers"), the last of which Other Buyers shall be using the Product to serve its energy needs ("Sink Buyer"). Seller and Buyer further recognize that in certain Transactions neither Seller nor Buyer may originate the decision as to either (a) the original identification of the Designated Interface or ADI (which designation may be made by the Source Seller) or (b) the Timely Request for Firm Transmission or the purchase of other Available Transmission (which request may be made by the Sink Buyer). Accordingly, Seller and Buyer agree as follows:
 
 
 
          A. If Seller is not the Source Seller, then Seller shall notify Buyer of the Designated Interface promptly after Seller is notified thereof by the Other Seller with whom Seller has a contractual relationship, but in no event may such designation of the Designated Interface be later than the prescheduling deadline pertaining to the Transaction between Buyer and Seller pursuant to Section 1.
 
 
 
          B. If Buyer is not the Sink Buyer, then Buyer shall notify the Other Buyer with whom Buyer has a contractual relationship of the Designated Interface promptly after Seller notifies Buyer thereof, with the intent being that the party bearing actual responsibility to secure transmission shall have up to 30 minutes after receipt of the Designated Interface to submit its Timely Request for Firm Transmission.

36
 

 
 
 
 
          C. Seller and Buyer each agree that any other communications or actions required to be given or made in connection with this "Into Product" (including without limitation, information relating to an ADI) shall be made or taken promptly after receipt of the relevant information from the Other Sellers and Other Buyers, as the case may be.
 
 
 
          D. Seller and Buyer each agree that in certain Transactions time is of the essence and it may be desirable to provide necessary information to Other Sellers and Other Buyers in order to complete the scheduling and delivery of the Product. Accordingly, Seller and Buyer agree that each has the right, but not the obligation, to provide information at its own risk to Other Sellers and Other Buyers, as the case may be, in order to effect the prescheduling, scheduling and delivery of the Product

          "Native Load" means the demand imposed on an electric utility or an entity by the requirements of retail customers located within a franchised service territory that the electric utility or entity has statutory obligation to serve.
          "Non-Firm" means, with respect to a Transaction, that delivery or receipt of the Product may be interrupted for any reason or for no reason, without liability on the part of either Party.
          "System Firm" means that the Product will be supplied from the owned or controlled generation or pre-existing purchased power assets of the system specified in the Transaction (the "System") with non-firm transmission to and from the Delivery Point, unless a different Transmission Contingency is specified in a Transaction. Seller's failure to deliver shall be excused: (i) by an event or circumstance which prevents Seller from performing its obligations, which event or circumstance was not anticipated as of the date the Transaction was agreed to, which is not within the reasonable control of, or the result of the negligence of, the Seller; (ii) by Buyer's failure to perform; (iii) to the extent necessary to preserve the integrity of, or prevent or limit any instability on, the System; (iv) to the extent the System or the control area or reliability council within which the System operates declares an emergency condition, as determined in the system's, or the control area's, or reliability council's reasonable judgment; or (v) by the interruption or curtailment of transmission to the Delivery Point or by the occurrence of any Transmission Contingency specified in a Transaction as excusing Seller's performance. Buyer's failure to receive shall be excused (i) by Force Majeure; (ii) by Seller's failure to perform, or (iii) by the interruption or curtailment of transmission from the Delivery Point or by the occurrence of any Transmission Contingency specified in a Transaction as excusing Buyer's performance. In any of such events, neither party shall be liable to the other for any damages, including any amounts determined pursuant to Article Four.
          "Transmission Contingent" means, with respect to a Transaction, that the performance of either Seller or Buyer (as specified in the Transaction) shall be excused, and no damages shall be payable including any amounts determined pursuant to Article Four, if the transmission for such Transaction is unavailable or interrupted or curtailed for any reason, at any time, anywhere from the Seller's proposed generating source to the Buyer's proposed ultimate sink, regardless of whether transmission, if any, that such Party is attempting to secure and/or has purchased for the Product is firm or non-firm. If the transmission (whether firm or non-firm) that Seller or Buyer is attempting to secure is from source to sink is unavailable, this contingency excuses performance for the entire Transaction. If the transmission (whether firm or non-firm) that Seller or Buyer has secured from source to sink is interrupted or curtailed for any reason, this contingency excuses performance for the duration of the interruption or curtailment notwithstanding the provisions of the definition of "Force Majeure" in Article 1.23 to the contrary.
37
 

 
          "Unit Firm" means, with respect to a Transaction, that the Product subject to the Transaction is intended to be supplied from a generation asset or assets specified in the Transaction. Seller's failure to deliver under a "Unit Firm" Transaction shall be excused: (i) if the specified generation asset(s) are unavailable as a result of a Forced Outage (as defined in the NERC Generating Unit Availability Data System (GADS) Forced Outage reporting guidelines) or (ii) by an event or circumstance that affects the specified generation asset(s) so as to prevent Seller from performing its obligations, which event or circumstance was not anticipated as of the date the Transaction was agreed to, and which is not within the reasonable control of, or the result of the negligence of, the Seller or (iii) by Buyer's failure to perform. In any of such events, Seller shall not be liable to Buyer for any damages, including any amounts determined pursuant to Article Four.
38
 

 
EXHIBIT A
EXHIBIT A
          MASTER POWER PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT
CONFIRMATION LETTER
This confirmation letter shall confirm the Transaction agreed to on ___________, ___ between __________________________ ("Party A") and _____________________ ("Party B") regarding the sale/purchase of the Product under the terms and conditions as follows:
 
 
 
 
Seller:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Buyer:
 
 
 
 
Product:
 
 
 
 
 
o
Into _________________, Seller's Daily Choice
 
 
o
Firm (LD)
 
 
o
Firm (No Force Majeure)
 
 
o
System Firm
 
 
 
(Specify System:
 
)
 
 
 
 
o
Unit Firm
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Specify Unit(s):
 
)
 
 
 
 
o
Other
 
 
 
 
o
Transmission Contingency (If not marked, no transmission contingency)
 
 
 
o
FT-Contract Path Contingency
o       Seller
o       Buyer
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
FT-Delivery Point Contingency
o      Seller
o       Buyer
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Transmission Contingent
o        Seller
o       Buyer
 
 
 
 
 
 
o
Other transmission contingency
 
 
 
 
(Specify:
 
)
 
 
             
 
 
 
 
Contract Quantity:
 
 
 
 
 
Delivery Point:
 
 
 
 
 
Contract Price:
 
 
 
 
 
Energy Price:
 
 
 
 
 
Other Charges:
 
 

39
 

 
Confirmation Letter
Page 2
 
 
 
Delivery Period:
 
 
Special Conditions:
 
 
Scheduling:
 
 
Option Buyer:
 
 
Option Seller:
 
 
Type of Option:
 
 
Strike Price:
 
 
Premium:
 
 
Exercise Period:
 
 
          This confirmation letter is being provided pursuant to and in accordance with the Master Power Purchase and Sale Agreement dated ______________ (the "Master Agreement") between Party A and Party B, and constitutes part of and is subject to the terms and provisions of such Master Agreement. Terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Master Agreement.
 
 
 
[Party A]
 
 
[Party B]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
Name:
 
Title:
 
 
Title:
 
Phone No:
 
 
Phone No:
 
Fax:
 
 
Fax:
 
 
 
 

40
 

 
Exhibit 10.2
Member FINRA/SIPC
488 East Winchester Street, Ste 200
Salt Lake City, UT 84107
Phone (801) 320-9606
Fax (801) 320-9610
November 1, 2011
Mr. Rod Danielson
Summer Energy
800 Bering Drive Suite 260
Houston, Texas 77057
          Re: Advisory Agreement
Dear Mr. Danielson:
          This letter confirms the terms upon which Summer Energy, LLC, together with all subsidiaries, affiliates, successors and other controlled units, either existing or formed subsequent to the date of this letter (the " Company ") engages and retains Cambria Capital, LLC (" Cambria ") to act as the exclusive advisor for the Company with respect to certain financial advisory, investment banking and related matters. Cambria is a broker dealer duly registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is a member in good standing of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. This advisory agreement (this " Agreement ") will be deemed to be effective as of the date set forth above.
          1. Services . In connection with its engagement hereunder, Cambria agrees to use its best efforts to assist the Company by:
          (a) Reviewing of the Company's business, operations and financial condition, including advising the Company on capitalization structures and financing alternatives,
          (b) indentifying a reverse merger candidate with an existing public company
          (c) introducing potential board member(s) to the Company;
          (d) upon request, provide the Company, its management and its board of directors with actionable advice regarding (i) capital markets strategy, (ii) market conditions, (iii) the availability of capital and the advisability of accessing the capital markets, and (iv) how the Company can best achieve its strategic objectives;
          (e) acting as the sole or lead placement agent to provide capital through potential financings ("Transaction") which may consist of equity, debt and other securities; and


 
          (f) provide such other investment banking and financial advisory services as may be mutually agreed upon by the Company and Cambria.
          2. Compensation and Expense Reimbursement . As compensation for Advisor's services hereunder, the Company hereby agrees to pay Advisor:
          (a) a warrant (the "Retainer Warrant ") granting Cambria the right to purchase 400,000 shares of the Company's common stock. The Warrant shall have an exercise price of $0.60 per share. The Warrant will contain customary terms and conditions, including, without limitation, provisions for cashless exercise, change of control, anti-dilution (including price-based anti-dilution) and customary registration rights. The term of the Warrant will be seven (7) years and the Warrant will be fully assignable, in whole or in part, to one or more parties by Cambria. The shares of common stock covered by the Warrant shall all vest upon execution of the Warrant; and
           (b) Success Fee for potential financing(s) pursuant to section 1(e) above.
                    (i) Cash Fee . Ten percent (10%) of the gross proceeds of the Transaction, including proceeds received by the Company at any future date in connection with the exercise by Investors of warrants issued in the Transaction.
                    (ii) Warrants . A warrant (the " Warrant ") granting Cambria the right to purchase shares of common stock equal to ten percent (10%) of the number of shares of common stock (collectively, the " Transaction Shares ") issued by the Company in the Transaction and common stock issued by the company upon the Investors' exercise of the Warrants issued in the Transaction (but only earned by and issued to Cambria upon the exercise of such Warrants) . The number of shares covered by the Warrant shall be increased proportionately from time to time in the event that the Company increases the number of Transaction Shares issued in the Transaction. The Warrant will have an exercise price equal to the lower of the issue price or conversion price of the common stock or securities convertible into common stock in the Transaction, and will be adjusted downward to match such issue price or conversion price if such prices are adjusted downward in the future. The Warrant will contain customary terms and conditions, including without limitation, provisions for cashless exercise, change of control, anti-dilution (including price-based anti-dilution) and customary demand and piggyback registration rights. The term of the Warrant will be five (5) years and will be fully assignable to one or more parties by Cambria. The shares of common stock covered by the Warrant shall all vest upon the execution of the Warrant.
                    (iii) Expenses . The Company shall pay Cambria at the closing of the Transaction a non-accountable expense allowance equal to three percent (3%) of the gross proceeds (the " Expense Allowance ") received in the Transaction. Upon agreement of the Transaction terms, the Company will pay to Cambria a non-refundable advance (the " Expense Deposit ") of the Expense Allowance equal to $10,000 (which will be credited against the Expense Allowance at the closing). The Expense Allowance will cover all out-of-pocket costs and expenses directly incurred by Cambria in performing its obligations under this Agreement, which costs and expenses shall include, but not be limited to, travel expenses incurred in performing due diligence, legal fees and expenses, fees and expenses of any independent experts retained by Cambria, investor marketing expenses, costs of supplies, copying and mailing and all other expenses reasonably incurred by Cambria and its legal counsel in any preparation, review, completion and distribution of any private placement memoranda, offering materials and stock purchase documents related to the Transaction, and any background investigations of key management and other reasonable expenses related to the completion of the Investors' due diligence (collectively, the " Expenses "). In the event that a Transaction does not occur or close, Cambria will invoice the Company for such Expenses not already covered by the Expense Deposit, subject to an overall cap of $20,000, and the Company will pay such invoice within five (5) business days of its receipt thereof.
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          The Success Fee will be payable regardless of the size of the Transaction and whether or not the Transaction occurs in one transaction or a series of transactions. The Success Fee shall be payable in cash upon consummation of, and out of the proceeds of, the proposed Transaction.
          (c) Fee Tail . For the 18-month period after the termination of this Agreement, the Success Fee shall be due and owing Cambria for all investments in or for the benefit of the Company (including but not limited to senior or subordinated debt or equity securities) by any Potential Investor (i) introduced to the Company by Cambria, or (ii) contacted by Cambria pursuant to this Agreement, or (iii) in respect of which Cambria has rendered advice or with which Cambria has directly held initial discussions or furnished information regarding the Company or the Transaction.
          3. Term and Termination of Agreement; Right of First Refusal .
          (a) It is understood that the Company hereby engages Cambria on an exclusive basis for investment banking services for a term (the " Term ") commencing on the date hereof and ending twelve (12) months after the date hereof. The Term shall be automatically renewed for successive 30 day periods unless either party gives written notice to the other within 30 days of the expiration of the Term of its desire that this engagement expire. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Cambria may at its sole option, terminate its obligations hereunder without liability if, in the reasonable opinion of Cambria, a change has occurred in the Company's financial condition, results of operations, properties, business prospects, or the composition of the Company's management or Board of Directors, which, in Cambria's sole determination has adversely effected the marketability of the Company. Neither termination of this Agreement nor completion of the assignment contemplated hereby shall affect: (i) any compensation earned by Cambria up to the effective date of termination or completion, as the case may be, (ii) any compensation to be earned by Cambria after termination pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof, (iii) the reimbursement of expenses incurred by Cambria under Section 2(b) up to the date of termination or completion, as the case may be, and (iv) the provisions of Section 5(a) of this Agreement which are incorporated herein, all of which shall remain operative and in full force and effect. Upon termination of this Agreement for any reason, Cambria shall promptly return to the Company all copies of any proprietary information of the Company.
          (b) During the first twenty four (24) months following the successful closing of the Transaction described herein, Cambria shall have a right of first refusal to act as the sole or lead placement agent and manager with respect to any future offering by the Company of public or private debt or equity securities, or to act as an advisor on any merger, business combination, recapitalization or sale of some or all of the equity or assets of the Company. In the event Cambria is engaged by the Company to provide such future services, Cambria will be compensated as is reasonable and customary within the industry, with this Agreement serving as the basis for such compensation.
          4. Information Provided to Cambria .
          (a) The Company agrees to cooperate with Cambria and will furnish to Cambria all information and data concerning the Company (the " Information "), which Cambria reasonably deems appropriate for purposes of rendering its services hereunder, and will provide Cambria access to the Company's officers, directors, employees and advisors. The Company represents and warrants that all Information (a) made available to Cambria by the Company or (b) contained in any filing by the Company with any court or governmental regulatory agency, commission, or instrumentality will, at all times during the period of the engagement of Cambria hereunder, be complete and correct in all material respects and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading. The Company further represents and warrants that any projections provided by it to Cambria will have been prepared in good faith and will be based upon assumptions which, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, are reasonable. The Company acknowledges and agrees that, in rendering its services hereunder, Cambria will be using and relying on the Information (and information available from public sources and other sources deemed reliable by Cambria) without independent verification thereof by Cambria or independent appraisal by Cambria of any of the Company or the Company's assets, and Cambria will not in any respect be responsible for the truth, accuracy, or completeness of such information. Any advice rendered by Cambria pursuant to this Agreement may not be disclosed publicly without Cambria's prior written consent. The Company agrees to promptly notify Cambria if the Company believes that any information that was previously provided to Cambria has become materially misleading or inaccurate in any way.
3

 
          (b) Cambria acknowledges that all of such Information is proprietary to the Company and agrees to keep such Information confidential and not to disclose any of such Information to any third party, except for third parties to whom Cambria shall present such Information for purposes of evaluation of the Transaction pursuant to this Agreement.
          5. Indemnity; Best Efforts and Limitation of Liability .
          (a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Cambria and its affiliates, and the respective directors, officers, shareholders, members, employees, agents and controlling persons of Cambria and its affiliates within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Act, or Section 20 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (collectively, the " Cambria Indemnified Parties "), to the fullest extent lawful, against any and all losses, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses, joint or several, to which the Cambria Indemnified Parties may become subject arising out of or related to any claim, demand, or cause of action (whether civil, criminal, or regulatory in nature) made or threatened by any third party against any of the Cambria Indemnified Parties or Cambria as a result of or based upon any information provided to the Cambria Indemnified Parties by the Company or actions allegedly or actually taken or omitted to be taken by a Cambria Indemnified Party (including acts or omissions constituting negligence) pursuant to the terms of, or in connection with services rendered pursuant to, this Agreement, and the Company further agrees to fund the reasonable legal fees and expenses of the Cambria Indemnified Parties for legal counsel of Cambria's choosing, in advance, upon demand by Cambria, and to reimburse the Cambria Indemnified Parties for any other expenses reasonably incurred by them in respect thereof at the time such expenses are incurred; provided, however, the Company shall not be liable under the foregoing in respect of any loss, damage or liability if a court having jurisdiction shall have determined by a final judgment that such loss, damage or liability resulted primarily from the willful misconduct of the Cambria Indemnified Parties. Neither termination nor completion of the engagement of Cambria as described herein shall affect the terms of this Section 5 , which shall then remain operative and in full force and effect.
          (b) Cambria will use commercially reasonable efforts to assist the Company in effectuating the closing of the Transaction, but there can be no guaranty or assurance that the Transaction will close. It is expressly understood and acknowledged that Cambria's engagement in respect of the Transaction does not constitute any commitment, express or implied, on the part of Cambria or of any of its affiliates to purchase or place the Company's securities or to provide any type of financing and that Cambria's efforts in connection with the Transaction will be conducted by Cambria on a "best efforts" basis. It is further understood that Cambria's services hereunder shall be subject to, among other things, satisfactory completion of due diligence by Cambria, market conditions, the absence of adverse changes to the Company's business or financial condition, approval of Cambria's internal commitment committee and any other conditions that Cambria may deem appropriate for placements of such nature. Neither Cambria nor any of its affiliates (nor any of their respective control persons, directors, officers, employees, members or agents) shall be liable to the Company or to any other person claiming through the Company for any claim, loss, damage, liability or expense suffered by the Company or any such person arising out of related to the failure of the Transaction to close. The final amount of the Transaction will vary subject to market conditions.
4

 
          6. Business Practice . The Company recognizes that Cambria is in the business of advising and consulting with other businesses, some of which businesses may be in competition with the Company. The Company acknowledges and agrees that Cambria may advise and consult with other businesses, including those which may be in competition with the Company, and shall not be required to devote its full time and resources to performing services on behalf of the Company under this Agreement. Cambria shall only be required to expend such time and resources as are reasonably appropriate to advise and assist the Company as provided for herein. Cambria agrees to not represent any direct competitor of the Company during the term of this Agreement and for a period of 6 months after termination.
          7. Certain Representations by the Company . The Company represents to Cambria that the Company has not engaged in any public or private offering of securities or taken or failed to take any action that would cause any financing not to qualify for an applicable exemption from registration under the Act. Further, the Company agrees not to solicit any offerees or take any action which might jeopardize the availability of exemption under the Act. The Company further represents to Cambria that it has not engaged the services of any third-party finder, and that no fees or expenses are owed to any third-party finder in connection with this Agreement or the Transaction. The Company further represents and warrants that there is no third-party claim or interest in the Success Fee to be paid under this Agreement. The Company further agrees that it shall be solely responsible for the payment of any such third-party finders' fees and expenses, to the extent that a claim for such third-party finders' fees and expenses is successfully asserted.
          8. Miscellaneous .
          (a) This Agreement shall be governed and construed in all respects in accordance with the laws of the State of California and venue shall be proper in California, Utah or Texas.
          (b) Cambria and Company hereby irrevocably agree that any controversy arising out of or relating to this Agreement in connection with a transaction between Cambria and the Company or pursuant to this Agreement or the breach hereof shall be settled by arbitration in Los Angeles County, California in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules then in effect of the American Arbitration Association. The provisions of Section 1283.05 of the California Code of Civil Procedure, authorizing the taking of depositions and obtaining discovery, are incorporated herein by this reference and shall be applicable to any such arbitration.
          (c) The parties are and shall be engaged in an independent contractor relationship, and nothing herein shall be deemed to cause this Agreement to create an agency, partnership, or joint venture between the parties. Nothing in this Agreement shall be interpreted or construed as creating or establishing the relationship of employer and employee between the Company and Cambria. Cambria is not and will not be construed as a fiduciary of the Company or any affiliate thereof and will have no duties or liabilities to the equity holders, creditors, or affiliates of the Company or any other person by virtue of this Agreement and the retention of Cambria hereunder, all of which duties and liabilities are hereby expressly waived. Neither equity holders nor creditors of the Company are intended beneficiaries hereunder.
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          (d) All remedies available to either party for one or more breaches by the other party are and shall be deemed cumulative and may be exercised separately or concurrently without waiver of any other remedies. The failure of either party to act in the event of a breach of this Agreement by the other shall not be deemed a waiver of such breach or a waiver of future breaches, unless such waiver shall be in writing and signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought.
          (e) All notices required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing addressed to the respective parties as set forth herein, unless another address shall have been designated, and shall be delivered by hand or by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid.
 
 
 
If to Cambria:
 
Cambria Capital, LLC
 
488 East Winchester Street, Ste 200
 
Salt Lake City, UT 84107
 
Phone: 801.320.9606; Fax: 801.320.9610
 
 
 
If to the Company:
Summer Energy
800 Bering Drive Suite 260
Houston, Texas 77057
Phone: 713-375-2791; Fax: 866-777-9189
          (f) For the convenience of the parties, any number of counterparts of this Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto. Each such counterpart shall be, and shall be deemed to be, an original instrument, but all of such counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. This Agreement may not be modified or amended, except in writing signed by the parties hereto. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties hereto and supersedes all prior representations, proposals, discussions, and communications, whether oral or in writing. Facsimile signatures to this Agreement are valid, and each party may rely on such facsimile signatures as if such signature was an original signature.
          (g) Each party has all requisite corporate power and authority to execute and perform this Agreement, all corporate action necessary for the authorization, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement has been taken by each party, and this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding obligation of each party. The execution and performance of this Agreement by each party (and the offer and sale of the Company's securities) will not violate any provision of such party's charter or bylaws or any agreement or other instrument to which such party is a party or by which it is bound; and any necessary approvals, governmental and private, required to fulfill each party's obligations under this Agreement will be obtained by such party.
6

 
If the foregoing correctly sets forth your understanding of our agreement, please sign the enclosed copy of this letter and return it to Cambria, whereupon it shall constitute a binding agreement between us.
 
 
 
 
Very truly yours,
 
 
 
 
CAMBRIA CAPITAL, LLC
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
Joel M Vanderhoof
 
 
Executive Vice President of Sales
The undersigned hereby accepts, agrees to and becomes party to the foregoing letter agreement, effective as of the date first written above.
Summer Energy, LLC
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Rod Danielson
 
 
          Rod Danielson, Chief Executive Officer
 
7

 
Exhibit 10.3
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. SUCH SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS PERMITTED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND THE APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS, PURSUANT TO REGISTRATION OR AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM. THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES MAY REQUIRE AN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH MAY BE COUNSEL FOR THE COMPANY) IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE ISSUER TO THE EFFECT THAT ANY PROPOSED TRANSFER OR RESALE IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT.
SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 10 HEREOF, THIS WARRANT SHALL BE VOID AFTER 5:00 P.M. EASTERN TIME ON JANUARY 17, 2019, (THE " EXPIRATION DATE ").
 
 
No. 01
January 17, 2012
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
WARRANT TO PURCHASE 400,000 UNITS
OF MEMBERSHIP INTEREST
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, Cambria Capital, LLC, a California limited liability company (" Warrantholder "), is entitled to purchase, subject to the provisions of this Warrant (the " Warrant "), from Summer Energy, LLC, a Texas limited liability company (" Company "), at any time from and after the date which is one (1) year from the date of closing of that certain Agreement and Plan of Contribution by and among the Company, its members and Castwell Precast Corporation (the " Initial Exercise Date ") and not later than 5:00 P.M., Eastern time, on the Expiration Date (as defined above), at an exercise price per unit equal to $0.60 (the exercise price in effect being herein called the " Warrant Price "), 400,000 units (" Warrant Units ") of the Company's membership interest (" Units "). Warrantholder has provided certain financial advisory services, and Company has agreed to issue this Warrant to Warrantholder as part of the consideration for such services. The number of Warrant Units purchasable upon exercise of this Warrant and the Warrant Price shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as described herein.
          Section 1. Registration . The Company shall maintain books for the transfer and registration of the Warrant. Upon the initial issuance of this Warrant, the Company shall issue and register the Warrant in the name of the Warrantholder.
          Section 2. Transfers . As provided herein, this Warrant may be transferred only pursuant to a registration statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the " Securities Act "), or an exemption from such registration. Subject to such restrictions, the Company shall transfer this Warrant from time to time upon the books to be maintained by the Company for that purpose, upon surrender hereof for transfer, properly endorsed or accompanied by appropriate instructions for transfer and such other documents as may be reasonably required by the Company, including, if required by the Company, an opinion of its counsel to the effect that such transfer is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, to establish that such transfer is being made in accordance with the terms hereof, and a new Warrant shall be issued to the transferee and the surrendered Warrant shall be canceled by the Company.

 

 
          Section 3. Exercise of Warrant .
          (a) Subject to the provisions hereof, the Warrantholder may exercise this Warrant, in whole or in part, at any time after the Initial Exercise Date and prior to the Expiration Date upon surrender of the Warrant, together with delivery of a duly executed Exercise Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Appendix A (the " Exercise Agreement ") and payment by cash, certified check or wire transfer of funds, or pursuant to a cashless exercise pursuant to Section 3(b) below, of the aggregate Warrant Price for that number of Warrant Units then being purchased, to the Company during normal business hours on any business day at the Company's principal executive offices (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice to the Warrantholder). The Warrant Units so purchased shall be deemed to be issued to the Warrantholder or the Warrantholder's designee, as the record owner of such units, as of the close of business on the date on which this Warrant shall have been surrendered (or the date evidence of loss, theft or destruction thereof and security or indemnity satisfactory to the Company has been provided to the Company), the Warrant Price shall have been paid and the completed Exercise Agreement shall have been delivered. Certificates for the Warrant Units so purchased shall be delivered to the Warrantholder within a reasonable time, not exceeding seven (7) business days, after this Warrant shall have been so exercised. The certificates so delivered shall be in such denominations as may be requested by the Warrantholder and shall be registered in the name of the Warrantholder or such other name as shall be designated by the Warrantholder, as specified in the Exercise Agreement. If this Warrant shall have been exercised only in part, then, unless this Warrant has expired, the Company shall, at its expense, at the time of delivery of such certificates, deliver to the Warrantholder a new Warrant representing the right to purchase the corrected number of units with respect to which this Warrant shall not then have been exercised. As used herein, " business day " means a day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, on which banks in New York City, New York are open for the general transaction of business.
          (b) Subject to the provisions hereof, the Warrantholder may effect one or more cashless exercises by surrendering Warrants to the warrant agent or such other agent as designated by the Company and giving written notice that the Warrantholder wishes to effect a cashless exercise by surrendering some Warrants without exercise, upon which the Company shall issue, or cause to be issued, to the Warrantholder up to the number of Warrant Units determined as follows:
2
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
X
=
Y x (A-B)/A
 
 
 
 
 
where:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
=
the maximum number of Warrant Units that may be issued to the Warrantholder;
 
 
 
 
 
Y
=
the number of Warrant Units with respect to which the Warrant Certificates are being exercised;
 
 
 
 
 
A
=
the Market Price as of the Date of Exercise; and
 
 
 
 
 
B
=
the Exercise Price.
 
 
 
 
 
" Market Price " of a Unit on any date shall mean, (i) if the Units are listed on any national securities exchange, the last sale price of the Units reported by such exchange on that date; (ii) if the Units are not quoted on a any such market or listed on any such exchange and the Units are traded in the over-the-counter market, the last price reported on such day by the OTC Bulletin Board; (iii) if the Units are not quoted on any such market, listed on any such exchange or quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, then the last price quoted on such day in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or any similar organization or agency succeeding its functions of reporting prices); or (iv) if none of clauses (i)-(iii) are applicable, then as determined by mutual agreement of the Company and the Warrantholder; or if the Company and the Warrantholder are unable to agree on a Market Price, either party may submit the matter to arbitration as provided in Section 17.
 
 
 
" Date of Exercise " means the date on which the Company has received from Warrantholder (i) the Warrant, (ii) the Exercise Agreement signed by Warrantholder, indicating the number of Warrant Units to be purchased, and (iii) payment by cash, certified check or wire transfer of funds, or pursuant to a cashless exercise pursuant to Section 3(b) below, of the aggregate Warrant Price for that number of Warrant Units then being purchased.
          (c) Company's Failure to Timely Deliver Securities . If within seven (7) business days after the Company's receipt of the facsimile copy of an Exercise Notice the Company shall fail to issue and deliver a certificate to the Warrantholder and register such Units on the Company's share register or credit the Warrantholder's balance account with the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation for the number of Units to which the Warrantholder is entitled upon the Warrantholder's exercise hereunder or pursuant to the Company's obligation set forth in clause (ii) below, and if on or after such business day the Warrantholder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) Units to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Warrantholder of Units issuable upon such exercise that the Warrantholder anticipated receiving from the Company (a " Buy-In "), then the Company shall, within six (6) business days after the Warrantholder's written request and in the Warrantholder's discretion, either (i) pay cash to the Warrantholder in an amount equal to the Warrantholder's total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the Units so purchased (the " Buy-In Price "), at which point the Company's obligation to deliver such certificate (and to issue such Units) or credit such Warrantholder's balance account with DTC shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to deliver to the Warrantholder a certificate or certificates representing such Units or credit such Warrantholder's balance account with DTC and pay cash to the Warrantholder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A) such number of Units, times (B) the Market Price on the date of exercise.
3
 

 
          Section 4. Restrictions . Warrantholder acknowledges that neither this Warrant, nor the Warrant Units will be registered under the Securities Act and, accordingly, will be "restricted securities" as that term is defined by Rule 144(a)(3) of the General Rules and Regulations Promulgated under the Securities Act. The Company may cause the legend set forth on the first page of this Warrant to be set forth on each Warrant, and a similar legend on any security issued or issuable upon exercise of this Warrant, unless counsel for the Company is of the opinion as to any such security that such legend is unnecessary.
          Section 5. Payment of Taxes . The Company will pay any documentary stamp taxes attributable to the initial issuance of Warrant Units issuable upon the exercise of the Warrant; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax or taxes which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance or delivery of any certificates for Warrant Units in a name other than that of the Warrantholder in respect of which such units are issued, and in such case, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any certificate for Warrant Units or any Warrant until the person requesting the same has paid to the Company the amount of such tax or has established to the Company's reasonable satisfaction that such tax has been paid. The Warrantholder shall be responsible for income taxes due under federal, state or other law, if any such tax is due.
          Section 6. Mutilated or Missing Warrants . In case this Warrant shall be mutilated, lost, stolen, or destroyed, the Company shall issue in exchange and substitution of and upon surrender and cancellation of the mutilated Warrant, or in lieu of and substitution for the Warrant lost, stolen or destroyed, a new Warrant of like tenor and for the purchase of a like number of Warrant Units, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction of the Warrant, and with respect to a lost, stolen or destroyed Warrant, reasonable indemnity or bond with respect thereto, if requested by the Company.
          Section 7. Reservation of Units . At any time when this Warrant is exercisable, the Company shall at all applicable times keep reserved until issued (if necessary) as contemplated by this Section 7, out of the authorized and unissued Units, at least a number of Units equal to the number of Units as shall from time to time be necessary to effect the exercise of all of this Warrant then outstanding. The Company agrees that all Warrant Units issued upon due exercise of the Warrant shall be, at the time of delivery of the certificates for such Warrant Units, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable Units of the Company.
          Section 8. Adjustments .
          (a) If the Company shall, at any time or from time to time while this Warrant is outstanding, pay a dividend or make a distribution on its Units in Units, subdivide its outstanding Units into a greater number of Units or combine its outstanding Units into a smaller number of Units or issue by reclassification of its outstanding Units any units of its membership interest (including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation, reorganization, contribution or merger in which the Company is the continuing entity), then (i) the Warrant Price in effect immediately prior to the date on which such change shall become effective shall be adjusted by multiplying such Warrant Price by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of Units outstanding immediately prior to such change and the denominator of which shall be the number of Units outstanding immediately after giving effect to such change and (ii) the number of Warrant Units purchasable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be adjusted by multiplying the number of Warrant Units purchasable upon exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to the date on which such change shall become effective by a fraction, the numerator of which is shall be the Warrant Price in effect immediately prior to the date on which such change shall become effective and the denominator of which shall be the Warrant Price in effect immediately after giving effect to such change, calculated in accordance with clause (i) above. Such adjustments shall be made successively whenever any event listed above shall occur.
4
 

 
          (b) If any capital reorganization, reclassification of the membership interests of the Company, consolidation or merger of the Company with another entity in which the Company is not the survivor, or sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company's assets to another entity shall be effected, then, as a condition of such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or other disposition, lawful and adequate provision shall be made whereby the Warrantholder shall thereafter have the right to purchase and receive upon the basis and upon the terms and conditions herein specified and in lieu of the Warrant Units immediately theretofore issuable upon exercise of the Warrant, such units of membership, securities or assets as would have been issuable or payable with respect to or in exchange for a number of Warrant Units equal to the number of Warrant Units immediately theretofore issuable upon exercise of the Warrant, had such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or other disposition not taken place, and in any such case appropriate provision shall be made with respect to the rights and interests of each Warrantholder to the end that the provisions hereof (including, without limitation, provision for adjustment of the Warrant Price) shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly equivalent as may be practicable in relation to any units of membership, securities or assets thereafter deliverable upon the exercise hereof. The Company shall not effect any such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or other disposition unless prior to or simultaneously with the consummation thereof the successor entity (if other than the Company) resulting from such consolidation or merger, or the entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring such assets or other appropriate entity shall assume the obligation to deliver to the Warrantholder, at the last address of the Warrantholder appearing on the books of the Company, such units of membership, securities or assets as, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the Warrantholder may be entitled to purchase, and the other obligations under this Warrant. The provisions of this paragraph (b) shall similarly apply to successive reorganizations, reclassifications, consolidations, mergers, sales, transfers or other dispositions.
          (c) In case the Company shall fix a payment date for the making of a distribution to all holders of Units (including any such distribution made in connection with a consolidation, reorganization, contribution or merger in which the Company is the continuing entity) of evidences of indebtedness or assets (other than cash dividends or cash distributions payable out of consolidated earnings or earned surplus or dividends or distributions referred to in Section 8(a)), or subscription rights or warrants, the Warrant Price to be in effect after such payment date shall be determined by multiplying the Warrant Price in effect immediately prior to such payment date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the total number of Units outstanding multiplied by the Market Price per share of Units immediately prior to such payment date, less the fair market value (as determined by the Company's Managing Members in good faith) of said assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed, or of such subscription rights or warrants, and the denominator of which shall be the total number of Units outstanding multiplied by such Market Price per share of Units immediately prior to such payment date.
5
 

 
          (d) An adjustment to the Warrant Price shall become effective immediately after the payment date in the case of each dividend or distribution and immediately after the effective date of each other event which requires an adjustment.
          (e) In the event that, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to this Section 8, the Warrantholder shall become entitled to receive any interests of the Company other than Units, the number of such other interests so receivable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be subject thereafter to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the Warrant Units contained in this Warrant.
          (f) To the extent permitted by applicable law and the listing requirements of any stock market or exchange on which the Units are then listed, the Company from time to time may decrease the Warrant Price by any amount for any period of time if the period is at least twenty (20) days, the decrease is irrevocable during the period and the Managing Members shall have made a determination that such decrease would be in the best interests of the Company, which determination shall be conclusive provided however , that the Warrant Price may not be decreased below the Market Price on the date hereof. Whenever the Warrant Price is decreased pursuant to the preceding sentence, the Company shall provide written notice thereof to the Warrantholder at least five (5) days prior to the date the decreased Warrant Price takes effect, and such notice shall state the decreased Warrant Price and the period during which it will be in effect.
          (g) If at any time, or from time to time, the Company shall determine to register any of its securities, other than: (i) a registration relating solely to employee benefit plans; or (ii) a registration relating solely to a transaction under Rule 145 under the Securities Act of 1933, the Company will: (i) give to Warrantholder written notification thereof, including a statement as to whether the offering will involve an underwriting; and (ii) include in such registration (and any related qualification under blue sky laws or other compliance), and in any underwriting involved therein, any Units issued upon exercise of all of part of this Warrant (referred to in this Section 8(g) as "Registrable Securities") specified in a written request or requests, made by Warrantholder within twenty (20) days after receipt of such written notice from the Company. However, the Company shall have the right to terminate or withdraw a registration initiated under this Section prior to the effectiveness of such registration whether or not Warrantholder has elected to include Registrable Securities in such registration. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a security shall cease to be a Registrable Security for purposes this Section 8(g) if and when such securities may be transferred free of restrictions pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act without regard to any volume limitation requirements under Rule 144 of the Securities Act.
6
 

 
          Section 9. Fractional Interest . The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Warrant Units upon the exercise of this Warrant. If any fractional share of Units would, except for the provisions of the first sentence of this Section 9, be deliverable upon such exercise, the Company, in lieu of delivering such fractional share, shall pay to the exercising Warrantholder an amount in cash equal to the Market Price (determined in accordance with Section 3(b)) of such fractional share of Units on the date of exercise.
          Section 10. Benefits . Nothing in this Warrant shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation (other than the Company and the Warrantholder) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim, it being agreed that this Warrant shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company and the Warrantholder.
          Section 11. Notices to Warrantholder . Upon the happening of any event requiring an adjustment of the Warrant Price, the Company shall promptly give written notice thereof to the Warrantholder at the address appearing in the records of the Company, stating the adjusted Warrant Price and the adjusted number of Warrant Units resulting from such event and setting forth in reasonable detail the method of calculation and the facts upon which such calculation is based. Failure to give such notice to the Warrantholder or any defect therein shall not affect the legality or validity of the subject adjustment.
          Section 12. Identity of Transfer Agent . The Transfer Agent for the Units is Colonial Stock Transfer. Upon the appointment of any subsequent transfer agent for the Units or other units of the Company's membership interest issuable upon the exercise of the rights of purchase represented by the Warrant, the Company will mail to the Warrantholder a statement setting forth the name and address of such transfer agent.
          Section 13. Notices . Unless otherwise provided, any notice required or permitted under this Warrant shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given and received as hereinafter described (i) if given by personal delivery, then such notice shall be deemed received upon such delivery, (ii) if given by telex or facsimile, then such notice shall be deemed received upon receipt of confirmation of complete transmittal, (iii) if given by certified mail return receipt requested, then such notice shall be deemed received upon the day such return receipt is signed, and (iv) if given by an internationally recognized overnight air courier, then such notice shall be deemed given one business day after delivery to such carrier. All notices shall be addressed as follows: if to the Warrantholder, at its address as set forth in the Company's books and records and, if to the Company, at the address as follows, or at such other address as the Warrantholder or the Company may designate by ten days' advance written notice to the other:
 
 
If to the Company:
 
 
 
Summer Energy, LLC
 
800 Bering Drive, Suite 260
 
Houston, Texas 77057
 
Attention: Rod Danielson, Managing Member
 
Facsimile: 866-777-9189
 
 
   
With a copy (which does not constitute notice) to:
   
 
Kirton | McConkie
 
50 E. South Temple
 
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
 
Attention: Alexander N. Pearson, Esq.
 
Facsimile: (801) 212-2006
         
7
 

 
          Section 14. Reserved .
          Section 15. Successors . All the covenants and provisions hereof by or for the benefit of the Warrantholder shall bind and inure to the benefit of its respective successors and assigns hereunder.
          Section 16. Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial . This Warrant shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of Texas, without reference to the choice of law provisions thereof. The Company and, by accepting this Warrant, the Warrantholder, each irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Texas located in Houston, Texas and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas for the purpose of any suit, action, proceeding or judgment relating to or arising out of this Warrant and the transactions contemplated hereby. Service of process in connection with any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on each party hereto anywhere in the world by the same methods as are specified for the giving of notices under this Warrant. The Company and, by accepting this Warrant, the Warrantholder, each irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding and to the laying of venue in such court. The Company and, by accepting this Warrant, the Warrantholder, each irrevocably waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such courts and irrevocably waives any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF, THE WARRANTHOLDER HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO REQUEST A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LITIGATION WITH RESPECT TO THIS WARRANT AND REPRESENTS THAT COUNSEL HAS BEEN CONSULTED SPECIFICALLY AS TO THIS WAIVER .
          Section 17. Dispute Resolution . In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Market Price, the Company shall submit the disputed determinations via facsimile to the Warrantholder. If the Warrantholder and the Company are unable to agree upon such determination of the Market Price within three (3) business days of such disputed determination being submitted to the Warrantholder, then the Company shall, within two (2) business days, submit via facsimile the disputed determination of the Market Price to an independent, reputable investment bank selected by the Company and approved by the Warrantholder. The Company shall cause at its expense the investment bank to perform the determinations and notify the Company and the Warrantholder of the results no later than ten (10) business days from the time it receives the disputed determinations or calculations. Such investment bank's determination shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error.
8
 

 
          Section 18. No Rights as Stockholder . Prior to the exercise of this Warrant, the Warrantholder shall not have or exercise any rights as a stockholder of the Company by virtue of its ownership of this Warrant.
          Section 19. Amendment; Waiver . Any term of this Warrant may be amended or waived (including the adjustment provisions included in Section 8 of this Warrant) upon the written agreement of the Company and the Warrantholder; provided, that the number of Warrant Units subject to this Warrant, the Warrant Price and the Expiration Date may not be amended, except as otherwise set forth herein, and the right to exercise this Warrant may not be altered or waived, without the written consent of the Warrantholder.
          Section 20. Remedies; Other Obligations; Breaches and Injunctive Relief . The remedies provided in this Warrant shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Warrant, at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the right of the Warrantholder right to pursue actual damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Warrant. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Warrantholder and that the remedy at law for any such breach may be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Warrantholder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, an injunction restraining any breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.
          Section 21. Section Headings . The section headings in this Warrant are for the convenience of the Company and the Warrantholder and in no way alter, modify, amend, limit or restrict the provisions hereof.
[ Signature Page Follows ]
9
 

 
          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be duly executed, as of the 17th day of January, 2012.
 
 
 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Rod Danielson
 
Name: Rod Danielson
 
Title: Managing Member
Signature Page to
Warrant to Purchase 400,000 Units of Membership Interest

 


 
APPENDIX A
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
WARRANT EXERCISE FORM
To Summer Energy, LLC:
          The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right of purchase represented by the within Warrant (" Warrant ") for, and to purchase thereunder by the payment of the Warrant Price and surrender of the Warrant, _______________ Units (" Warrant Units ") provided for therein, and requests that certificates for the Warrant Units be issued as follows:
 
Name
 
 
Address
 
Federal Tax ID or Social Security No.
          and delivered by certified mail to the above address, or electronically (provide DWAC Instructions):
          _____________________________________
          _____________________________________
          _____________________________________
          or other (specify):
          _____________________________________
          _____________________________________
          _____________________________________
and, if the number of Warrant Units shall not be all the Warrant Units purchasable upon exercise of the Warrant, that a new Warrant for the balance of the Warrant Units purchasable upon exercise of this Warrant be registered in the name of the undersigned Warrantholder or the undersigned's Assignee as below indicated and delivered to the address stated below.
[ signatures on following page ]
Appendix A
Warrant Exercise Form

 

 
Dated: ___________________________, _____
 
 
 
Signature
 
Signature of Spouse/Partner (if applicable)
 
 
 
Individual or Entity Name (and Title, if applicable)
 
Name (please print)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Address
 
Address
 
 
 
Federal Identification or Social Security No.
 
Federal Identification or Social Security No.
 
 
 
 
 
Assignee :
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note: The signature must correspond with the name of the Warrantholder as written on the first page of the Warrant in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatever, unless the Warrant has been assigned.
 
 
Appendix A
Warrant Exercise Form

 

 
Exhibit 10.4
AGREEMENT TO ASSIST WITH CREDIT FACILITY
          THIS AGREEMENT TO ASSIST WITH CREDIT FACILITY (this " Agreement ") is made and entered into this 30th day of November, 2011 (the " Effective Date "), by and among the Assisting Party listed below, and Summer Energy, LLC, a Texas limited liability company (sometimes referred to as the " Issuer " and sometimes referred to as the " Company "). Each of the Assisting Party and the Issuer hereinafter may be referred to as a " Party " or collectively may be referred to as the " Parties ."
           Assisting Party:
          _____________________________________ (name)
          _____________________________________ (address)
          _____________________________________ (address)
          _____________________________________ (city, state, zip)
          _____________________________________ (phone)
          _____________________________________ (e-mail)
RECITALS
          A. Assisting Party has agreed to provide financial assistance to the Company by way of facilitating the Company's obtaining of a credit facility in the principal amount of $250,000.
          B. As consideration for providing such financial assistance, the Company agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
AGREEMENT
          NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing recitals, the mutual promises and obligations set forth hereafter, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:
1. Agreement to Provide Financial Assistance . Assisting Party agrees that it will make available to the Company, at the Company's option and up to a maximum, aggregate total of $250,000 (the " Cap "), the following financial assistance in order to assist the Company in obtaining a credit facility with an amount of credit available to the Company of $250,000 (the " Facility "): (i) unencumbered assets to be used as collateral to secure the Facility; (ii) certificates of deposit to secure the Facility; or (iii) a guaranty provided by the Assisting Party to the financial institution issuing the Facility. The Assisting Party agrees to make the financial assistance available to the Company within ten (10) business days of receiving a written request from the Company.
2. Cash Fee; Election to Receive Membership Units . On November 30, 2012, the Company agrees to pay the Assisting Party a one-time payment (the " Cash Fee ") of $100,000 or, at the election of Assisting Party, the Assisting Party may elect to receive payment in lieu of the Cash Fee in membership units in the Company as described in Section 3 below. The Company may not prepay the Cash Fee.
1
 

 
3. Election to Receive Membership Unit Fee.
          3.1. Optional Membership Unit Fee.
                    The Assisting Party shall have the option (but not the obligation), exercisable in its sole discretion to receive, in lieu of the Cash Fee, membership units in the Company (sometimes referred to herein as " Units ") calculated as follows: the denominator shall be $0.33 (the price per membership unit) and the numerator shall be the total credit available under the Facility, whether used or unused (250,000 / 0.33 = 757,576 membership units) (the " Membership Unit Fee "). The Assisting Party shall not be entitled to receive a portion of the Cash Fee and a portion of the Membership Unit Fee; the Assisting Party must either receive the entire Cash Fee or the entire Membership Unit Fee. The election to receive the Membership Unit Fee shall be deemed to have been made by the Assisting Party by providing written notice of its election to receive the Membership Unit Fee at least fifteen (15) days prior to November 30, 2012 (the " Election "). If the Assisting Party makes the Election to receive the Membership Unit Fee, the Company shall have no obligation to pay the Cash Fee, and the Assisting Party shall no longer have the right to receive the Cash Fee, but shall be obligated to accept the Membership Unit Fee as its entire compensation under this Agreement.
                    Further, if the Assisting Party makes the Election, the Assisting Party must provide certain information to the Company to enable the Company's officers to determine whether, under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the " Act "), and the regulations promulgated thereunder, Assisting Party meets the qualification and suitability requirements for an investment in the Units. In order for the Company to make such determination, the Assisting Party shall complete and execute a Subscription Agreement and Investor Questionnaire, forms of which are attached hereto as Exhibits "A" and "B," respectively.
          3.2. Procedures and Other Covenants with Respect to Membership Unit Fee. In the event the Assisting Party makes the Election to receive the Membership Unit Fee:
                    3.2.1. The Company shall take all necessary steps to ensure that such number of membership units as are issuable under the Membership Unit Fee is available for such issuance;
                    3.2.2.On November 30, 2012, the Company shall deliver to the Assisting Party, such documents and other instruments as may be necessary to transfer the applicable membership units to the Assisting Party;
                    3.2.3. The Company shall take all such actions as are necessary in order to ensure that the membership units issuable with respect to such election shall be validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable;
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                    3.2.4. The Company shall take all such actions as may be necessary to ensure that all such membership units issued as part of the Membership Unit Fee may be so issued without violation of any applicable law or governmental regulation; and
                    3.2.5. In case of any recapitalization, reclassification or change of the outstanding securities of the Company or of any reorganization of the Company or any similar corporate reorganization on or after the date hereof (a " Restructuring "), then lawful and adequate provisions shall be made so that in each such case the Assisting Party, upon an effective Election, shall be entitled to receive in lieu of the membership units the shares or other securities or property (including cash) to which the Assisting Party would have been entitled upon such consummation if the Assisting Party had made an effective Election prior to the Restructuring.
4. Term . The Assisting Party's obligations under Section 1 shall continue for three (3) years from the Effective Date.
5. Limitation of Liability . The Parties agree that the Company's liability to the Assisting Party shall be limited to the Cash Fee or the Units issued hereunder. The Company shall have no other liability whatsoever to Assisting Party. The Assisting Party's total liability to the Company hereunder shall not exceed the Cap.
6. Survival of Parties' Representations . All representations, warranties, and agreements made by the Parties to this Agreement shall survive the Closing.
7. Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire understanding and agreement between the Parties hereto concerning the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, representations or understandings between them. No representations, oral or written, modifying or contradicting the terms of this Agreement have been made by any Party except as contained herein.
8. Notices . All notices required to be given under this Agreement shall be deemed to be given if mailed by certified mail, postage prepaid, to the Company and Assisting Party at the following addresses:
 
 
 
 
COMPANY:
Summer Energy, LLC
 
 
800 Bering Drive, Suite 260
 
 
Houston, Texas 77057
 
 
Attn: Rod Danielson
 
 
 
 
Assisting Party:
See address provided in the preamble to this Agreement
          The Parties may, from time to time, by written notice to the other, change the addresses set forth above, at which time notice shall be deemed given if given to such changed address.
9. Severability . If any provision of this Agreement or any portion of any provision of this Agreement shall be deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not alter the remaining portion of such provision, or any other provision hereof, as each provision of this Agreement shall be deemed severable from all other provisions hereof so long as the removal of the severable material does not materially alter the basic consideration for this Agreement.
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10. Amendment . Any amendment to this Agreement must be in writing, signed by the Parties hereto and stating the intent of the Parties to amend this Agreement. The Parties hereby agree to take such further actions and steps as may be necessary to carry into effect the purposes and intentions set forth in this Agreement.
11. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the Parties to it and their permitted successors and assigns. However, this Agreement and the rights thereunder may not be assigned by the Assisting Party.
12. Cost and Expenses of Enforcement . In the event of the failure of either party hereto to comply with any provisions of this Agreement, the defaulting party shall pay any and all costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees (including in connection with any appeal) arising out of or resulting from such default, or in pursuing any remedy hereunder, or by the laws of the state of Texas, whether such remedy is pursued by filing suit or otherwise. In the event the Company does not pay the Cash Fee (if Assisting Party elects not to take the Membership Unit Fee in lieu thereof) within ten (10) days of the due date, the outstanding balance owing on the Facility shall bear interest at the rate of ten percent (10%) per annum, compounded monthly.
13. Indemnification . In the event the Company defaults on payment or other obligations to a financial institution which extended a loan to the Company, the Company hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Assisting Party harmless for, from, and against any and all damages, losses, liabilities, costs, and expenses (including, without limitation, costs and expenses of litigation and reasonable attorneys' fees) arising at any time, whether before or after payment of the Cash Fee or Membership Unit Fee, excepting any such matters arising solely from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Assisting Party.
14. Waiver .Unless otherwise indicated herein, failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement, or condition of this Agreement, or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof, shall not constitute a waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, agreement, term, or condition. Any party, by notice delivered in the manner provided in this Agreement, may, but shall be under no obligation to, waive any of its rights or any conditions to its obligations hereunder, or any duty, obligation, or covenant of any other party. No waiver shall affect or alter the remainder of this Agreement, but each and every other covenant, agreement, term, and condition hereof shall continue in full force and effect with respect to any other then existing or subsequently occurring breach. To be effective, any waiver must be signed by all parties thereto.
15. Governing Law . This agreement is governed by the laws of the state of Texas in all respects, and the Parties hereto consent to exclusive jurisdiction and venue in the state or federal courts of Texas. The parties further agree not to disturb such choice of forum, and if not resident in such state, waive the personal service of any and all process upon them, and consent that such service of process may be made by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the Parties as set forth herein.
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16. Further Actions . The Parties agree to take such further actions and execute and deliver such additional documents and writings as are reasonably necessary to accomplish the purposes of the transaction described in this Agreement.
17. No Reliance . Each of the Parties acknowledges that no other party or agent or attorney of any other party has made any promise, representation, or warranty whatsoever, express or implied, written or oral, not contained herein concerning the subject-matter hereof to induce any party to execute this Agreement, and each of the Parties acknowledges that he has not executed this Agreement, in reliance upon any promise, representation, or warranty not contained herein.
18. Specific Performance . Each Party acknowledges that the other Party would be damaged irreparably and would have no adequate remedy of law if any provision of this Agreement is not performed in accordance with its specific terms or otherwise is breached. Accordingly, each Party agrees that the other Party will be entitled to an injunction to prevent any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to enforce specifically any provision of this Agreement, in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled and without having to prove the inadequacy of any other remedy they may have at law or in equity and without being required to post bond or other security.
19. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, via facsimile, other electronic means, or original, each of which when so executed and delivered, shall be deemed an original, but with all such counterparts being taken together to constitute a single instrument.
[SIGNATURE PAGE TO FOLLOW]
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          In witness whereof, the Parties hereto have executed this Agreement to Assist with Credit Facility effective as of the day and year first written above.
 
 
 
Company:
 
 
 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
 
a Texas limited liability company
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Rod Danielson
 
Name:
Rod Danielson
 
Title:
Managing Member
 
 
 
ASSISTING PARTY:
 
 
 
[Signature]
 
 
 
[printed name]
       
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Exhibit 10.5
AGREEMENT TO ASSIST WITH CREDIT FACILITY
          THIS AGREEMENT TO ASSIST WITH CREDIT FACILITY (this " Agreement ") is made and entered into this ___ day of December, 2011 (the " Effective Date "), by and among Rod Danielson (" Danielson "), Wallace DeHay Jr. (" DeHay ") (each of Danielson and DeHay are sometimes referred to herein as an " Assisting Party " and collectively as the " Assisting Parties "), and Summer Energy, LLC, a Texas limited liability company (the " Company "). Each of the Assisting Parties and the Company hereinafter may be referred to as a " Party " or collectively may be referred to as the " Parties ."
RECITALS
          A. Assisting Parties have jointly agreed to provide financial assistance to the Company by way of facilitating the Company's obtaining of a credit facility in the principal amount of $50,000.
          B. As consideration for providing such financial assistance, the Company agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
AGREEMENT
          NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing recitals, the mutual promises and obligations set forth hereafter, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:
1. Grant of Units . Upon execution of this Agreement, the Company hereby sells, transfers, assigns, delivers and conveys units of the Company's membership interest (" Units ") to Assisting Parties, and Assisting Parties hereby accept the Units on the terms and conditions provided for herein. The Company agrees to issue a total of 151,515 Units to the Assisting Parties. Assisting Parties have instructed the Company to allocate the Units among the Assisting Parties as follows:
 
 
 
 
Danielson:                      
30,758 Units
 
 
 
 
DeHay:
120,757 Units
2. Financial Assistance . Assisting Parties jointly agree that they will make available to the Company, at the Company's option and up to a maximum, aggregate total of $50,000 (the " Cap "), the following financial assistance in order to assist the Company in obtaining a credit facility with an amount of credit available to the Company of $50,000 (the " Facility "): (i) unencumbered assets to be used as collateral to secure the Facility; (ii) certificates of deposit to secure the Facility; or (iii) a guaranty provided by the Assisting Parties to the financial institution issuing the Facility. The Assisting Parties agree to make the financial assistance available to the Company within ten (10) business days of receiving a written request from the Company.
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3. Closing . The Closing of the issuance of the Units as contemplated by this Agreement shall be accomplished upon the execution of this Agreement, and Assisting Parties shall become the lawful and sole owners of the Units.
4. Investor Status . Each of the Assisting Parties agree to provide certain information to the Company to enable the Company's officers to determine whether, under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the " Act "), and the regulations promulgated thereunder, Assisting Parties each meet the qualification and suitability requirements for an investment in the Units. Each of the Assisting Parties shall complete the Investor Questionnaire attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and remit the same to the Company. Assisting Parties each acknowledge and agree that: (i) the Company will rely upon the information contained in the documents provided by Assisting Parties for purposes of such determination; (ii) the Units will not be registered under the Act in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Act; and (iii) purchase of the Units will be solely for the account of the Assisting Parties, and not for the account of any other person or with a view toward resale, assignment, fractionalization or distribution thereof. The Company shall promptly notify Assisting Parties of any grounds for determining that Assisting Parties are not qualified to become members of the Company.
5. Representations, Warranties and Acknowledgments of Company . The Company hereby represents and warrants to Assisting Parties that, at the Closing:
          5.1. The Company shall have full and valid title to the Units, and upon delivery to Assisting Parties, the Units shall be free and clear of all liens, charges and encumbrances whatsoever;
          5.2. The Company has the full right, power, legal capacity and authority to enter into this Agreement and to sell and deliver the Units to Assisting Parties; and
          5.3. The Company is a Texas limited liability company that has been duly organized and in good standing in the state of Texas.
6. Representations and Warranties of Assisting Parties . Each of the Assisting Parties hereby represents and warrants to the Company as follows:
          6.1. Authority . Each of the Assisting Parties is an individual. Assisting Parties have all right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated herein. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Assisting Parties and constitutes legal, valid and binding obligations of Assisting Parties enforceable in accordance with their respective terms subject to the laws of general application relating to bankruptcy, insolvency and the relief of debtors and rules of law governing specific performance, injunctive relief and other equitable remedies.
          6.2. Government Consents . No consent, approval or authorization of or designation, declaration or filing with any governmental authority on the part of Assisting Parties is required in connection with the valid execution and delivery of this Agreement, or the offer, sale or issuance of the Units offered hereunder.
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          6.3. Accredited Investor Status . Each of the Assisting Parties hereby represents and warrants to the Company that he is an Accredited Investor as defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the " Securities Act "). Each of the Assisting Parties hereby represents and warrants to the Company that alone, or with such Assisting Party's representatives, if any, he has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that he is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of this transaction and of an investment in the Company.
          6.4. Assisting Parties Suitability; Illiquidity; Ability to Bear Loss . Each of the Assisting Parties represents and warrants that the overall commitment of such Assisting Party to securities which are not readily marketable is not disproportionate to his net worth, and that his investment in the Company will not cause his overall commitment to become excessive. Each of the Assisting Parties has adequate means of providing for his current needs and personal contingencies, has no need for liquidity in this investment in the Company, and can sustain a complete loss of this investment in the Company.
          6.5. Independent Investigation; Access . Each of the Assisting Parties, in making the decision to purchase the Units in the Company under this Agreement, has relied upon independent investigations made by such Assisting Party and his representatives (if any), and each of the Assisting Parties and such representatives (if any) have, prior to any election by Assisting Parties, been given access and the opportunity to examine all material books and records of the Company, if any, all material contracts, and business plans of the Company, and have had an opportunity to ask questions of, and to receive answers from, the Company or any person acting on its behalf concerning the terms and conditions of this offering, and to obtain any additional information to the extent the Company possesses such information or can acquire it without unreasonable effort or expense. Each of the Assisting Parties and his representatives, if any, have been furnished with all materials relating to the business, finances and operation of the Company that have been requested. Each of the Assisting Parties and his representative, if any, have received complete and satisfactory answers to any such inquiries.
          6.6. Adequacy of Investigation . Each of the Assisting Parties acknowledges that he is acquiring Units in the Company after what such Assisting Party deems to be an adequate investigation of the business, finances, business plan, and prospects of the Company by such Assisting Party and his representatives, if any.
          6.7. Additional Investment Representations .
                    6.7.1. Units Not Registered; Indefinite Holding . Each of the Assisting Parties has been advised by the Company, and understands, that he must bear the economic risk of an investment in the Company for an indefinite period of time because the Company's Units have not been registered under the Securities Act, and the Company is under no obligation to register the Units.
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                    6.7.2. Acquisition for Own Account . Each of the Assisting Parties represents that the Units are being acquired solely for such Assisting Party's own account for investment and not with a view toward, or for resale in connection with, any "distribution" (as that term is used in the Securities Act) of all or any portion thereof.
                    6.7.3. Financing . Each of the Assisting Parties has the funds necessary to consummate the transactions hereunder.
                    6.7.4. Private Offering Exemption; Reliance on Representations . Each of the Assisting Parties understands that the offer of the Units is not being registered under the Securities Act in reliance on the so-called "private offering" exemption provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 and that the Company is basing its reliance on that exemption in part on the representations, warranties, statements and agreements contained herein.
                    6.7.5. Acceptance of Risk . Each of the Assisting Parties acknowledges and accepts the risks associated with an investment in the Units. Each of the Assisting Parties has read and is familiar with the risk factors described below and elsewhere in this Agreement. Each of the Assisting Parties has considered carefully, among other factors, the risk factors and other special considerations relating to the Company and the Units offered for sale under this Agreement, which include, but may not be limited to, those set forth below. Not every possible risk is listed in this Agreement.
                    6.7.6. Investment Not Liquid . The Units must be acquired for the accounts of the Assisting Parties for investment purposes only and cannot be readily resold. There is no established market for the Units, and there can be no assurance that a market for the Units will develop. No repurchase of the Units is being offered hereby or will be made by the Company.
          6.8. Risk Factors . Each of the Assisting Parties acknowledges and agrees that it is aware of the following risk factors:
                    6.8.1. No Assurance of Success or Profitability . There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to operate successfully or profitably.
                    6.8.2. Dependence on Current Management . The Company's success will greatly depend upon the Company's current management. It will be their responsibility to determine the suitability of desired transactions and the development of future programs. Assisting Parties will be entrusting to the Company's management the task of analyzing and evaluating the transaction opportunities and their potential. Management will devote as much of their time to the Company as is reasonably needed.
                    6.8.3. Additional Financing Required . The Company will need additional capital to complete its business plan. No assurance can be given that the Company will be successful in raising additional capital in the future.
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                    6.8.4. Inherent Risks in the Industry . The Company will still be subject to the risks inherent in operating a retail electric provider in the state of Texas. These include fluctuations in general and local economic conditions, fluctuations in interest rates, the supply and demand for electricity, all of which may result in increased costs or decreased revenues to the Company and otherwise have an adverse impact on the Company's operations. For these and other reasons, no assurance of profitable operations can be made.
                    6.8.5. Governmental Regulation and Legal Uncertainties . The Company is subject to certain laws, rules and regulations that govern various industries. Although the Company intends to use its best efforts to ascertain and comply with all applicable laws and regulations, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able to comply with these laws or regulations.
                    6.8.6. Risks Related to Pro Forma Financial Information . The pro forma financials of the Company, if any, contain certain information that is based on a number of estimates and assumptions which, though considered reasonable by the Company, are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the control of the Company's management. Pro forma projections are necessarily very speculative in nature, and it is not unusual that one or more of the assumptions upon which they are based do not materialize. Among the assumptions on which the Company's projections are based are that the level of business conducted by the Company will grow or be maintained at specific levels, the continued absence of significant government regulation, and a healthy economy. The occurrence of certain events such as a change in the governmental regulatory environment, unanticipated competition, an economic downturn, and similar factors could prevent the Company from realizing the results set forth in the pro forma financial information. The information set forth in the pro forma financial information, if any, is intended to be an approximate business projection and it is not intended to represent an accurate or reliable prediction of the revenue, profits or losses that may actually materialize for the Company in the future. The information set forth, if any, is preliminary and incomplete and is subject to change or modification as more complete information becomes available or if changes occur in variable economic conditions.
                    6.8.7. Competition . The business in which the Company will operate has numerous competitors. Such competitors have substantial financial and personnel resources, longer histories, stronger name recognition, and a larger customer base. These competitive factors could have an adverse effect on the operations of the Company.
                    6.8.8. No Assurance of Distributions; No Right to Participate in Management . There can be no assurance that the Company will make distributions to its members in the foreseeable future. The Units do not grant Assisting Parties the right to participate in the Company's management.
7. Survival of Parties' Representations . All representations, warranties, and agreements made by the Parties to this Agreement shall survive the Closing.
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8. Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire understanding and agreement between the Parties hereto concerning the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, representations or understandings between them. No representations, oral or written, modifying or contradicting the terms of this Agreement have been made by any Party except as contained herein.
9. Notices . All notices required to be given under this Agreement shall be deemed to be given if mailed by certified mail, postage prepaid, to the Company and Assisting Parties at the following addresses:
 
 
 
 
COMPANY:          
Summer Energy, LLC
 
 
800 Bering Drive, Suite 260
 
 
Houston, Texas 77057
                    Assisting Parties: See address provided in the signature page to this Agreement
          The Parties may, from time to time, by written notice to the other, change the addresses set forth above, at which time notice shall be deemed given if given to such changed address.
10. Severability . If any provision of this Agreement or any portion of any provision of this Agreement shall be deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not alter the remaining portion of such provision, or any other provision hereof, as each provision of this Agreement shall be deemed severable from all other provisions hereof so long as the removal of the severable material does not materially alter the basic consideration for this Agreement.
11. Amendment . Any amendment to this Agreement must be in writing, signed by the Parties hereto and stating the intent of the Parties to amend this Agreement. The Parties hereby agree to take such further actions and steps as may be necessary to carry into effect the purposes and intentions set forth in this Agreement.
12. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the Parties to it and their permitted successors and assigns. However, this Agreement and the rights thereunder may not be assigned by the Assisting Parties.
13. Cost and Expenses of Enforcement . In the event of the failure of either party hereto to comply with any provisions of this Agreement, the defaulting party shall pay any and all costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees (including in connection with any appeal) arising out of or resulting from such default, or in pursuing any remedy hereunder, or by the laws of the state of Texas, whether such remedy is pursued by filing suit or otherwise.
14. Indemnification . In the event the Company defaults on payment or other obligations to a financial institution which extended a loan to the Company, the Company hereby agrees to indemnify and hold the Assisting Parties harmless for, from, and against any and all damages, losses, liabilities, costs, and expenses (including, without limitation, costs and expenses of litigation and reasonable attorneys' fees) arising at any time, excepting any such matters arising solely from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Assisting Parties.
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15. Waiver .Unless otherwise indicated herein, failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement, or condition of this Agreement, or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof, shall not constitute a waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, agreement, term, or condition. Any party, by notice delivered in the manner provided in this Agreement, may, but shall be under no obligation to, waive any of its rights or any conditions to its obligations hereunder, or any duty, obligation, or covenant of any other party. No waiver shall affect or alter the remainder of this Agreement, but each and every other covenant, agreement, term, and condition hereof shall continue in full force and effect with respect to any other then existing or subsequently occurring breach. To be effective, any waiver must be signed by all parties thereto.
16. Governing Law . This agreement is governed by the laws of the state of Texas in all respects, and the Parties hereto consent to exclusive jurisdiction and venue in the state or federal courts of Texas. The parties further agree not to disturb such choice of forum, and if not resident in such state, waive the personal service of any and all process upon them, and consent that such service of process may be made by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the Parties as set forth herein.
17. Further Actions . The Parties agree to take such further actions and execute and deliver such additional documents and writings as are reasonably necessary to accomplish the purposes of the transaction described in this Agreement.
18. No Reliance . Each of the Parties acknowledges that no other party or agent or attorney of any other party has made any promise, representation, or warranty whatsoever, express or implied, written or oral, not contained herein concerning the subject-matter hereof to induce any party to execute this Agreement, and each of the Parties acknowledges that he has not executed this Agreement, in reliance upon any promise, representation, or warranty not contained herein.
19. Specific Performance . Each Party acknowledges that the other Party would be damaged irreparably and would have no adequate remedy of law if any provision of this Agreement is not performed in accordance with its specific terms or otherwise is breached. Accordingly, each Party agrees that the other Party will be entitled to an injunction to prevent any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to enforce specifically any provision of this Agreement, in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled and without having to prove the inadequacy of any other remedy they may have at law or in equity and without being required to post bond or other security.
20. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, via facsimile, other electronic means, or original, each of which when so executed and delivered, shall be deemed an original, but with all such counterparts being taken together to constitute a single instrument.
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          In witness whereof, the Parties hereto have executed this Agreement to Assist with Credit Facility effective as of the day and year first written above.
Company:
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
a Texas limited liability company
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Jalleea George
 
Name:
Jaleea George
 
Title:
Managing Member
 
ASSISTING PARTIES:
 
 
 
DANIELSON:
 
DEHAY:
 
 
 
/s/ Rod Danielson
 
/s/ Wallace DeHay, Jr.
[Signature]
 
[Signature]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
[Address]
 
[Address]
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EXHIBIT A
INVESTOR QUESTIONNAIRE

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Exhibit 10.6
SUMMER ENERGY HOLDINGS, INC.
2012 STOCK OPTION AND STOCK AWARD PLAN
(Summer Energy Holdings, Inc. was formerly known as Castwell Precast Corporation)
1. Establishment, Purpose and Term of Plan.
          1.1 Establishment . This Summer Energy Holdings, Inc. 2012 Stock Option and Stock Award Plan (the " Plan ") shall become effective upon the date that it is approved by the stockholders of Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., f.k.a. Castwell Precast Corporation (the " Company ").
          1.2 Purpose . The purpose of the Plan is to advance the interests of the Company and its shareholders by providing an incentive to attract, retain and reward persons performing services for any Participating Company and by motivating such persons to contribute to the growth and profitability of the Company.
          1.3 Term of Plan . The Plan shall continue in effect until the earlier of its termination by the Board or the date on which all of the shares of Stock available for issuance under the Plan have been issued and all restrictions on such shares under the terms of the Plan and the agreements evidencing Awards granted under the Plan have lapsed. However, all Awards shall be granted, if at all, within ten (10) years from the earlier of the date the Plan is adopted by the Board or the date the Plan is duly approved by the shareholders of the Company.
2. Definitions and Construction.
          2.1 Definitions . Whenever used herein, the following terms shall have their respective meanings set forth below:
               (a) " Administrator " means the Board or, with respect to any matter as to which responsibility has been delegated to the Committee, the term Administrator shall mean the Committee.
               (b) " Award " means any award or benefit granted to any participant under the Plan, including, without limitation, the grant of an Option, Restricted Stock Grant or Stock Appreciation Right.
               (c) " Board " means the Board of Directors of the Company. If one or more Committees have been appointed by the Board to administer the Plan, "Board" also means such Committee(s).
               (d) " Code " means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any applicable regulations promulgated thereunder.
               (e) " Committee " means the Compensation Committee or other committee of the Board duly appointed to administer the Plan and having such powers as shall be specified by the Board. The Committee must be comprised of at least two (2) members of the Board and shall be constituted in a manner as to permit the Plan to comply with rule 16b-3 with respect to a plan intended to qualify thereunder as a discretionary plan. Unless the powers of the Committee have been specifically limited, the Committee shall have all of the powers of the Board granted herein, including, without limitation, the power to amend or terminate the Plan at any time, subject to the terms of the Plan and any applicable limitations imposed by law. Once appointed, the Committee shall continue to serve in its designated capacity until otherwise directed by the Board. From time to time the Board may increase the size of the Committee and appoint additional members thereof, remove members (with or without cause) and appoint new members in substitution therefor, fill vacancies, however caused, and remove all members of the Committee and thereafter directly administer the Plan, all to the extent permitted by Rule 16b-3 with respect to a plan intended to qualify thereunder as a discretionary plan.
               (f) " Company " means Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., f.k.a. Castwell Precast Corporation, a Nevada corporation, or any successor corporation thereto.
               (g) " Consultant " means any person, including an advisor, engaged by a Participating Company to render services other than as an Employee or a Director.

 

 
               (h) " Director " means a member of the Board or of the board of directors of any other Participating Company.
               (i) " Disability " means, with respect to a Grantee, that the Grantee has any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months, and which renders the Grantee unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity. A Grantee shall not be considered to have a Disability unless Grantee furnishes proof of the existence thereof in such form and manner, and at such time, as the Administrator may require, and the Administrator determines in its discretion that the Grantee has such a medically determinable physical or mental impairment.
               (j) " Employee " means any person treated as an employee (including an Officer or a Director who is also treated as an employee) in the records of a Participating Company and, with respect to any Incentive Stock Option granted to such person, who is an employee for purposes of Section 422 of the Code; provided, however, that neither service as a Director nor payment of a director's fee shall be sufficient to constitute employment for purposes of the Plan.
               (k) " Exchange Act " means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
               (l) " Fair Market Value " means, as of any date, the value of a share of Stock or other property as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion, or by the Company, in its discretion, if such determination is expressly allocated to the Company herein, subject to the following:
                    (i) If, on such date, the Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system, including without limitation the National Market System of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation ("NASDAQ") System, the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock shall be the closing price of a share of Stock (or the mean of the closing bid and asked prices of a share of Stock if the Stock is so quoted instead) as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable. If the relevant date does not fall on a day on which the Stock has traded on such securities exchange or market system, the date on which the Fair Market Value shall be established shall be the last day on which the Stock was so traded prior to the relevant date, or such other appropriate day as shall be determined by the Administrator, in its discretion. If the Stock is listed on a market system but is not actively traded in such amounts and as frequently as the Administrator deems necessary, in its sole discretion, to determine the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock, then the Administrator shall determine, in its sole discretion, the value of a share of Stock.
                    (ii) If, on such date, there is no public market for the Stock, the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock shall be as determined by the Administrator in good faith without regard to any restriction other than a restriction which, by its terms, will never lapse.
               (m) " Grant Agreement " means a written agreement, including any related form of stock option grant agreement, restricted stock grant agreement or stock appreciation right grant agreement, between the Company and a Grantee setting forth the terms, conditions and restrictions of the Award granted to the Grantee and any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof.
               (n) " Grantee " means a person who has been granted one or more Awards.
               (o) " Incentive Stock Option " means an Option intended to be (as set forth in the Grant Agreement) and which qualifies as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422(b) of the Code. An Option shall only be treated as an Incentive Stock Option pursuant to the Plan if it is originally designated as an Incentive Stock Option in the Grant Agreement. An Option originally designated in a Grant Agreement as an Incentive Stock Option may nonetheless be treated as a Nonstatutory Stock Option if the Option at any time after grant fails to meet to requirements for incentive stock option treatment under Section 422 of the Code.
               (p) " Insider " means an officer or a Director of the Company or any other person whose transactions in Stock are subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

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               (q) " Nonstatutory Stock Option " means an Option not intended to be (as set forth in the Grant Agreement) or which does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option. An Option which is designated as a Nonstatutory Stock Option in the Grant Agreement pursuant to which the Option was granted shall in all events be treated as a Nonstatutory Stock Option. Furthermore, an Option originally designated as an Incentive Stock Option may subsequently become a Nonstatutory Stock Option upon the Option subsequently failing the meet the requirements for incentive stock option under Section 422 of the Code.
               (r) " Officer " means a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
               (s) " Option " means a right to purchase a specified number of shares of Stock (subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Plan. An Option may be either an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option.
               (t) " Parent Corporation " means any present or future "parent corporation" of the Company, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code.
               (u) " Participating Company " means the Company or any Parent Corporation or Subsidiary Corporation.
               (v) " Plan " means this 2012 Stock Option and Stock Award Plan, as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof.
               (w) " Restricted Stock " means shares of Stock granted under the Plan that are subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 7 hereof.
               (x) " Restricted Stock Grant " means an Award representing the right to receive a specified number of shares of Restricted Stock (subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Plan. 
               (y) " Rule 16b-3 " means Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act, as amended from time to time, or any successor rule or regulation.
               (z) " Securities Act " means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
               (aa) " Service " means a Grantee's employment or service with a Participating Company, whether in the capacity of an Employee, a Director or a Consultant. The Grantee's Service shall not be deemed to have terminated merely because of a change in the capacity in which the Grantee renders Service to a Participating Company or a change in the Participating Company for which the Grantee renders such Service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Grantee's Service. Furthermore, a Grantee's Service with a Participating Company shall not be deemed to have terminated if the Grantee takes any military leave, sick leave, or other bona fide leave of absence approved by such Participating Company; provided, however, that if any such leave exceeds ninety (90) days, on the ninety-first (91st) day of such leave the Grantee's Service shall be deemed to have terminated unless the Grantee's right to return to Service with such Participating Company is guaranteed by statute or contract. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise designated by the Participating Company or required by law, a leave of absence shall not be treated as Service for purposes of determining vesting under the Grantee's Grant Agreement. The Grantee's Service shall be deemed to have terminated either upon an actual termination of Service or upon the corporation for which the Grantee performs Service ceasing to be a Participating Company. Subject to the foregoing, the Company, in its discretion, shall determine whether the Grantee's Service has terminated and the effective date of such termination.
               (bb) " Stock " means the common stock of the Company, as adjusted from time to time in accordance with Section 4.3.
               (cc) " Stock Appreciation Right " means the right to receive an amount determined in accordance with Section 8 hereof.

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               (dd) " Stock Appreciation Right Grant " means an Award representing the right to receive Stock Appreciation Rights with respect to a specified number of shares of Stock (subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
               (ee) " Subsidiary Corporation " means any present or future "subsidiary corporation" of the Company, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code.
               (ff) " Ten Percent Owner " means a Grantee who, at the time an Award is granted to the Grantee, owns, or is deemed within the meaning of Section 422(b)(6) of the Code to own, stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of a Participating Company within the meaning of Section 422(b)(6) of the Code.
          2.2 Construction . To the extent any provision herein conflicts with the conditions of any relevant tax law or regulation which are relied upon for tax relief in respect of a particular Award or Stock granted to a Grantee pursuant to this Plan, the provisions of said law or regulation shall prevail over those of the Plan, and the Administrator is empowered to interpret and enforce the said prevailing provisions. Captions and titles contained herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of any provision of the Plan. Except when otherwise indicated by the context, the singular shall include the plural and the plural shall include the singular. Use of the term "or" is not intended to be exclusive, unless the context clearly requires otherwise.
3. Administration.
  Administration by the Administrator . The Plan shall be administered by the Board, which may delegate such responsibilities in whole or in part to a Committee. Members of the Committee may be appointed from time to time by, and shall serve at the pleasure of, the Board. The Board may limit the composition of the Committee to those persons necessary to comply with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code and Section 16 of the Exchange Act. All questions of interpretation of the Plan or of any Award shall be determined by the Administrator (the Board, or to the Committee to which the Board has delegated such responsibility), and such determinations shall be final and binding upon all persons having an interest in the Plan or such Option.
  Administration with Respect to Insiders . With respect to participation by Insiders in the Plan, at any time that any class of equity security of the Company is registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act, the Plan shall be administered by the Committee in compliance with the requirements of Rule 16b-3 with respect to a plan intended to qualify thereunder as a discretionary plan.
  Powers of the Administrator . In addition to any other powers set forth in the Plan and subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Administrator shall have the full and final power and authority, in its discretion:
               (a) to determine the persons to whom, and the time or times at which, Awards shall be granted and the number of shares of Stock to which each Award relates;
               (b) to designate Options as Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options;
               (c) to determine the Fair Market Value of shares of Stock or other property;
               (d) to determine the terms, conditions and restrictions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, applicable to each Award (which need not be identical) and any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof, including, without limitation, (i) the exercise price of an Option, (ii) the Grant Value of a Stock Appreciation Right, (iii) the method of payment for shares purchased upon the exercise of an Option, (iv) the method of payment for the amount due upon exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right, (v) the method for satisfaction of any tax withholding obligation arising in connection with the grant or exercise of an Award, including by the withholding or delivery of shares of stock, (vi) the timing, terms and conditions of the exercisability of the Award or the vesting of any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof, (vii) the time of the expiration of the Award, (viii) the effect of the Grantee's termination of Service with the Participating Companies on any of the foregoing, and (ix) all other terms, conditions and restrictions applicable to the Award or such shares not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan;

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               (e) to approve one or more forms of Grant Agreement;
               (f) to reduce the exercise price of any Option to the then current Fair Market Value if the Fair Market Value of the Stock covered by such Option shall have declined since the date the Option was granted;
               (g) to amend, modify, extend, cancel, renew, reprice or otherwise adjust the exercise price of, or grant a new Award in substitution for, any Award or to waive any restrictions or conditions applicable to any Award or any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof;
               (h) to accelerate, continue, extend or defer the exercisability of any Award or the vesting of any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof, including with respect to the period following a Grantee's termination of Service with the Participating Companies;
               (i) to prescribe, amend or rescind rules, guidelines and policies relating to the Plan, or to adopt supplements to, or alternative versions of, the Plan, including, without limitation, as the Administrator deems necessary or desirable to comply with the laws of, or to accommodate the tax policy or custom of, foreign jurisdictions whose citizens may be granted Awards; and
               (j) to correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or any Grant Agreement and to make all other determinations and take such other actions with respect to the Plan or any Award as the Board may deem advisable to the extent consistent with the Plan and applicable law.
          3.4 Effect of Administrator's Decision. Whether explicitly provided elsewhere in this Plan with respect to any matter, all decisions, determinations and interpretations of the Administrator provided in this Plan shall be made in the Administrator's sole and absolute discretion, and shall be final and binding on all Grantees and any other holders of any Awards. No member of the Committee or the Board shall be liable for any action taken or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Award granted hereunder. All such interpretations, rules, determinations, terms and conditions shall be made and prescribed in the context of preserving the tax status under Section 422 of the Code of those Options which are designated as Incentive Stock Options.
  Shares Subject to Plan.
  Maximum Number of Shares Issuable . Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 4.3, the maximum aggregate number of (i) shares of Stock that may be issued under the Plan and (ii) shares of Stock with respect to which Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted, shall be Seven Hundred Eighty-Five Thousand (785,000) and shall consist of authorized but unissued or reacquired shares of Stock or any combination thereof. Such number of shares of Stock may be issued under this Plan pursuant to Incentive Stock Options, Nonstatutory Stock Options, Restrict Stock Grants, Stock Appreciation Right Grants, or any combination thereof, so long as the aggregate number of shares so issued does not exceed such number of shares, as adjusted. If an outstanding Award for any reason expires or is terminated or canceled or if shares of Stock are acquired upon the exercise of an Award subject to a Company repurchase option and are repurchased by the Company at the Grantee's exercise price, the shares of Stock allocable to the unexercised portion of such Award or such repurchased shares of Stock shall again be available for issuance under the Plan.
  Section 162(m) Limitation . No Employee of the Company or of a Participating Company shall be eligible to be granted Awards covering more than Two hundred Thousand (200,000) shares of Stock during any calendar year. The foregoing shall not apply, however, until the first date upon which any class of common equity securities of the Company are required to be registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act. This Section 4.2 shall not apply until the earliest time as required by Section 162(m) of the Code and the rules and regulations thereunder.

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  Adjustments for Changes in Capital Structure . In the event of any stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, combination, reclassification or similar change in the capital structure of the Company, appropriate adjustments shall be made in the number and class of shares subject to the Plan and to any outstanding Awards and in the exercise price per share of any outstanding Awards. If a majority of the shares which are of the same class as the shares that are subject to outstanding Awards are exchanged for, converted into, or otherwise become (whether or not pursuant to an Ownership Change Event, as defined in Section 10.1) shares of another corporation (the " New Shares "), the Administrator may unilaterally amend the outstanding Awards to provide that such Awards are exercisable for New Shares. In the event of any such amendment, the number of shares subject to, and the exercise price per share of, the outstanding Awards shall be adjusted in a fair and equitable manner as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any fractional share resulting from an adjustment pursuant to this Section 4.3 shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number, and in no event may the exercise price of any Award be decreased to an amount less than the par value, if any, of the stock subject to the Award. The adjustments determined by the Administrator pursuant to this Section 4.3 shall be final, binding and conclusive.
  Eligibility and Award Limitations.
  Persons Eligible for Awards . Awards may be granted only to Employees, Consultants, and Directors. For purposes of the foregoing sentence, "Employees," "Consultants" and "Directors" shall include prospective Employees, prospective Consultants and prospective Directors to whom Awards are granted in connection with written offers of an employment or other service relationships with a Participating Company. Eligible persons may be granted more than one (1) Award.
  Award Grant Restrictions . Any person who is not an Employee on the effective date of the grant of an Award to such person may not be granted an Incentive Stock Option. An Incentive Stock Option granted to a prospective Employee upon the condition that such person become an Employee shall be deemed granted effective on the date such person commences Service with a Participating Company, with an exercise price determined as of such date in accordance with Section 6.1.
  Fair Market Value Limitation . To the extent that options designated as Incentive Stock Options (granted under all stock option plans of the Participating Companies, including the Plan) become exercisable by a Grantee for the first time during any calendar year for stock having a Fair Market Value greater than One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000), the portions of such options which exceed such amount shall be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options. For purposes of this Section 5.3, options designated as Incentive Stock Options shall be taken into account in the order in which they were granted, and the Fair Market Value of stock shall be determined as of the time the option with respect to such stock is granted. If the Code is amended to provide for a different limitation from that set forth in this Section 5.3, such different limitation shall be deemed incorporated herein effective as of the date and with respect to such Options as required or permitted by such amendment to the Code. If an Option is treated as an Incentive Stock Option in part and as a Nonstatutory Stock Option in part by reason of the limitation set forth in this Section 5.3, the Grantee may designate which portion of such Option the Grantee is exercising. In the absence of such designation, the Grantee shall be deemed to have exercised the Incentive Stock Option portion of the Option first. Separate certificates representing each such portion shall be issued upon the exercise of the Option.
          5.4 Non-Uniform Determinations. The Administrator's determinations under the Plan (including without limitation determinations of the persons to receive Awards, the form, amount and timing of such Awards, the terms and provisions of such Awards and the agreements evidencing same) need not be uniform and may be made by it selectively among persons who receive, or are eligible to receive, Awards under the Plan, whether or not such persons are similarly situated.
  Terms and Conditions of Options.
          Options shall be evidenced by Grant Agreements specifying the number of shares of Stock covered thereby, in such form as the Administrator shall from time to time establish. No Option or purported Option shall be a valid and binding obligation of the Company unless evidenced by a fully executed Grant Agreement. Grant Agreements may incorporate all or any of the terms of the Plan by reference and shall comply with and be subject to the following terms and conditions:

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          6.1 Procedure for Exercise; Rights as a Shareholder. Any Option granted hereunder shall be exercisable at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator, including performance criteria with respect to the Company, a Participating Company and/or the Grantee, and as shall be permissible under the terms of the Plan. An Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a Share. An Option shall be deemed to be exercised when written notice of such exercise has been given to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Grant Agreement by the person entitled to exercise the Option and full payment for the Stock with respect to which the Option is exercised has been received by the Company. Full payment may, as authorized by the Administrator, consist of any consideration and method of payment allowable under Section 6.4 of the Plan. Until the issuance (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company) of the stock certificate evidencing such Stock, no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a shareholder shall exist with respect to the Stock, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Company shall issue (or cause to be issued) such stock certificate promptly upon exercise of the Option. No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date the stock certificate is issued, except as provided in Section 10 hereof. Exercise of an Option in any manner shall result in a decrease in the number shares of Stock which thereafter may be available, both for purposes of the Plan and for sale under the Option, by the number of shares of Stock as to which the Option is exercised.
  Exercise Price . The exercise price for each Option shall be established in the discretion of the Administrator; provided, however, that (a) the exercise price per share for an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Owner shall not be less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock on the effective date of grant of the Option and (b) the exercise price per share for either an Incentive Stock Option granted to a person other than a Ten Percent Owner or a Nonstatutory Stock Option granted to any person shall not be less than the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock on the effective date of grant of the Option. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Option (whether an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option) may be granted with an exercise price lower than the minimum exercise price set forth above if such Option is granted pursuant to an assumption or substitution for another option in a manner qualifying under the provisions of Section 424(a) of the Code.
  Exercise Period . Options shall be exercisable at such time or times, or upon such event or events, and subject to such terms, conditions, performance criteria, and restrictions as shall be determined by the Administrator and set forth in the Grant Agreement evidencing such Option; provided, however, that (a) no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years after the effective date of grant of such Option, (b) no Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Owner shall be exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years after the effective date of grant of such Option, (c) no Option granted to a prospective Employee, prospective Consultant or prospective Director may become exercisable prior to the date on which such person commences Service with a Participating Company, and (d) unless otherwise permitted by applicable law, and with the exception of an Option granted to an officer, Director or Consultant, no Option shall become exercisable at a rate less than twenty percent (20%) per year over a period of five (5) years from the effective date of grant of such Option, subject to the Grantee's continued Service. Subject to the foregoing, unless otherwise specified by the Administrator in the grant of an Option, any Option granted hereunder shall have a term of ten (10) years from the effective date of grant of the Option.
  Payment of Exercise Price .
  Forms of Consideration Authorized . Except as otherwise provided below, payment of the exercise price for the number of shares of Stock being purchased pursuant to any Option shall be made (i) in cash, by check or cash equivalent, (ii) by tender to the Company, or attestation to the ownership, of shares of Stock owned by the Grantee having a Fair Market Value (as determined by the Administrator without regard to any restrictions on transferability applicable to such stock by reason of federal or state securities laws or agreements with an underwriter for the Company) not less than the exercise price, (iii) by the assignment of the proceeds of a sale or loan with respect to some or all of the shares being acquired upon the exercise of the Option (including, without limitation, through an exercise complying with the provisions of Regulation T as promulgated from time to time by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) (a " Cashless Exercise "), (iv) by such other consideration as may be approved by the Administrator from time to time to the extent permitted by applicable law, or (v) by any combination of the foregoing. The Administrator may at any time or from time to time, by adoption of or by amendment to the standard forms of Grant Agreement described in Section 9, or by other means, grant Options which do not permit all of the foregoing forms of consideration to be used in payment of the exercise price or which otherwise restrict one or more forms of consideration.

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               (b)  Limitations on Forms of Consideration .
  Tender of Stock . Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Option may not be exercised by tender to the Company, or attestation to the ownership, of shares of Stock to the extent such tender or attestation would constitute a violation of the provisions of any law, regulation or agreement restricting the redemption of the Company's stock. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, an Option may not be exercised by tender to the Company, or attestation to the ownership, of shares of Stock unless such shares either have been owned by the Grantee for more than six (6) months or were not acquired, directly or indirectly, from the Company.
  Cashless Exercise . The Company reserves, at any and all times, the right, in the Company's sole and absolute discretion, to establish, decline to approve or terminate any program or procedures for the exercise of Options by means of a Cashless Exercise.
  Tax Withholding . The Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, to deduct from the shares of Stock issuable upon the exercise of an Option, or to accept from the Grantee the tender of, a number of whole shares of Stock having a Fair Market Value, as determined by the Administrator, equal to all or any part of the federal, state, local and foreign taxes, if any, required by law to be withheld by any Participating Company with respect to such Option or the shares acquired upon the exercise thereof. Alternatively or in addition, in its discretion, the Administrator shall have the right to require the Grantee, through payroll withholding, cash payment or otherwise, including by means of a Cashless Exercise, to make adequate provision for any such tax withholding obligations of any Participating Company arising in connection with the Option or the shares acquired upon the exercise thereof. The Company shall have no obligation to deliver shares of Stock or to release shares of Stock from an escrow established pursuant to the Grant Agreement until all of the Participating Companies' tax withholding obligations have been satisfied by the Grantee.
  Repurchase Rights . Stock acquired by the exercise of an Option granted under the Plan may be subject to a right of first refusal, one or more repurchase options, or other conditions and restrictions as determined by the Board in its discretion at the time the Option is granted. In exercising its right of first refusal or other repurchase right, the repurchase price may be paid by the Company, or its assignee, by cash, check, or cancellation of indebtedness. The Company shall have the right to assign at any time any repurchase right it may have, whether or not such right is then exercisable, to one or more persons as may be selected by the Company. Upon request by the Company, each Grantee shall execute any agreement evidencing such transfer restrictions prior to the receipt of shares of Stock hereunder and shall promptly present to the Company any and all certificates representing shares of Stock acquired hereunder for the placement on such certificates of appropriate legends evidencing any such transfer restrictions. If not exercised before, a right to repurchase pursuant to this Section 6.6 shall automatically expire on the earlier of: (1) ninety-one (91) days after the date of exercise of the Option with respect to which the securities were acquired, or (2) the first date upon which any class of common equity securities of the Company are required to be registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
  Effect of Termination of Service .
  Option Exercisability . Subject to earlier termination of the Option as otherwise provided herein, an Option shall be exercisable after a Grantee's termination of Service as follows:
  Disability . If the Grantee's Service with the Participating Companies is terminated because of the Disability of the Grantee, the Option, to the extent unexercised and exercisable on the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, may be exercised by the Grantee (or the Grantee's guardian or legal representative) at any time prior to the expiration of six (6) months (or such longer period of time as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion) after the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, but in any event no later than the date of expiration of the Option's term as set forth in the Grant Agreement evidencing such Option (the " Option Expiration Date ").

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  Death . If the Grantee's Service with the Participating Companies is terminated because of the death of the Grantee, the Option, to the extent unexercised and exercisable on the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, may be exercised by the Grantee's legal representative or other person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by reason of the Grantee's death at any time prior to the expiration of six (6) months (or such longer period of time as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion) after the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, but in any event no later than the Option Expiration Date. The Grantee's Service shall be deemed to have terminated on account of death if the Grantee dies within thirty (30) days (or such longer period of time as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion) after the Grantee's termination of Service.
  Termination After Change in Control . The Administrator may, in its discretion, provide in any Grant Agreement that if the Grantee's Service with the Participating Companies ceases as a result of "Termination After Change in Control" (as defined in such Grant Agreement), then (1) the Option, to the extent unexercised and exercisable on the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, may be exercised by the Grantee (or the Grantee's guardian or legal representative) at any time prior to the expiration of six (6) months (or such longer period of time as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion) after the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, but in any event no later than the Option Expiration Date, and (2) the exercisability and vesting of the Option and any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof shall be accelerated effective as of the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated to such extent, if any, as shall have been determined by the Administrator, in its discretion, and set forth in the Grant Agreement.
  Other Termination of Service . If the Grantee's Service with the Participating Companies terminates for any reason, except Disability or death, the Option, to the extent unexercised and exercisable by the Grantee on the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, may be exercised by the Grantee within ninety (90) days (or such longer period of time as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion) after the date on which the Grantee's Service terminated, but in any event no later than the Option Expiration Date.
  Extension if Exercise Prevented by Law . Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the exercise of an Option within the applicable time periods set forth in Section 6.7(a) is prevented by the provisions of Section 13 below, the Option shall remain exercisable until thirty (30) days (or such longer period of time as determined by the Administrator, in its discretion) after the date the Grantee is notified by the Company that the Option is exercisable, but in any event no later than the Option Expiration Date.
  Extension if Grantee Subject to Section 16(b) . Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a sale within the applicable time periods set forth in Section 6.7(a) of shares acquired upon the exercise of the Option would subject the Grantee to suit under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, the Option shall remain exercisable until the earliest to occur of (i) the tenth (10th) day following the date on which a sale of such shares by the Grantee would no longer be subject to such suit, (ii) the one hundred and ninetieth (190th) day after the Grantee's termination of Service, or (iii) the Option Expiration Date.
          6.8 Buyout Provisions. The Administrator may at any time offer to buy out, for a payment in cash or shares of Stock, an Option previously granted, based on such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall establish and communicate to the Grantee at the time that such offer is made.
7. Terms and Conditions of Restricted Stock Grants
Restricted Stock Grants shall be evidenced by Grant Agreements specifying the number of shares of Restricted Stock covered thereby, in such form as the Administrator shall from time to time establish. No Restricted Stock Grant or purported Restricted Stock Grant shall be a valid and binding obligation of the Company unless evidenced by a fully executed Grant Agreement. Grant Agreements may incorporate all or any of the terms of the Plan by reference and shall comply with and be subject to the following terms and conditions:
          7.1 Restrictions. Shares of Restricted Stock may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of, except by will or the laws of descent and distribution, for such period as the Administrator shall determine from the date on which the Award is granted (the " Restricted Period "). The Administrator may also impose such additional or alternative restrictions and conditions on the shares of Restricted Stock as it deems appropriate, including but not limited to the satisfaction of performance including performance

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criteria with respect to the Company, a Participating Company and/or the Grantee, and as shall be permissible under the terms of the Plan. Certificates for shares of Restricted Stock shall bear an appropriate legend referring to such restrictions, and any attempt to dispose of any such shares in contravention of such restrictions shall be null and void ab initio and without effect. During the Restricted Period, such certificates shall be held with an agent designated by the Administrator under the terms and conditions of escrow and security agreements approved by the Administrator. In determining the Restricted Period of an Award the Administrator may provide that the foregoing restrictions shall lapse with respect to specified percentages of the awarded shares on successive anniversaries of the date of such Award.
          7.2 Adjustment of Performance Goals. The Administrator may adjust performance goals for any shares of Restricted Stock to take into account changes in law and accounting and tax rules and to make such adjustments as the Administrator deems necessary or appropriate to reflect the inclusion or the exclusion of the impact of extraordinary or unusual items, events or circumstances. The Administrator also may adjust the performance goals by reducing the amount to be received by any Grantee pursuant to an Award if and to the extent that the Administrator deems it appropriate.
          7.3 Repurchase Rights . Restricted Stock granted under the Plan may be subject to a right of first refusal, one or more repurchase options, or other conditions and restrictions as determined by the Board in its discretion at the time the Restricted Stock is granted. In exercising its right of first refusal or other repurchase right, the repurchase price may be paid by the Company, or its assignee, by cash, check, or cancellation of indebtedness. The Company shall have the right to assign at any time any repurchase right it may have, whether or not such right is then exercisable, to one or more persons as may be selected by the Company. Upon request by the Company, each Grantee shall execute any agreement evidencing such transfer restrictions prior to the receipt of shares of Restricted Stock hereunder and shall promptly present to the Company any and all certificates representing shares of Restricted Stock acquired hereunder for the placement on such certificates of appropriate legends evidencing any such transfer restrictions. If not exercised before, a right to repurchase pursuant to this Section 7.3 shall automatically expire on the earlier of: (1) one (1) year after the date of grant of the Restricted Stock Grant with respect to which the securities were acquired, or (2) the first date upon which any class of common equity securities of the Company are required to be registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
          7.4 Forfeiture. Subject to such exceptions as may be determined by the Administrator, upon the termination of the Grantee's Service for any reason prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period of an Award, any shares remaining subject to restrictions (after taking into account the provisions of Section 7.6) shall thereupon be forfeited by the Grantee and transferred to, and reacquired by, the Company at no cost to the Company, subject to all applicable law.
          7.5 Ownership. During the Restricted Period the Grantee shall possess all incidents of ownership of such shares of Restricted Stock, subject to Section 7.1, including the right to receive dividends with respect to such shares and to vote such shares.
8. Terms and Conditions of Stock Appreciation Right Grants
          Stock Appreciation Rights shall be evidenced by Grant Agreements specifying the number of rights grants, in such form as the Administrator shall from time to time establish. No Stock Appreciation Right or purported Stock Appreciation Right shall be a valid and binding obligation of the Company unless evidenced by a fully executed Grant Agreement. Grant Agreements may incorporate all or any of the terms of the Plan by reference and shall comply with and be subject to the following terms and conditions:
          8.1 Value of Stock Appreciation Right. Each Stock Appreciation Right shall entitle the Grantee to receive, subject to the terms and conditions of this Plan and the Grant Agreement relating thereto, a payment in an amount equal to the positive difference, if any, obtained by deducting (i) the Fair Market Value of one share of Stock as of the Stock Appreciation Right's grant date or such greater amount as may be set forth by the Committee in the Grant Agreement (the " Grant Value "), subject to adjustment in accordance with this Plan from (ii) the Fair Market Value of one share of Stock as of the exercise date for the Stock Appreciation Right.

10
 

 
          8.2 Exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights.
               (a) Election to Exercise Vested Stock Appreciation Right. Any Stock Appreciation Right granted hereunder shall be exercisable at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator, including performance criteria with respect to the Company, a Participating Company and/or the Grantee, and as shall be permissible under the terms of the Plan. A Stock Appreciation Right may not be exercised with respect to a fraction of a Share. A Stock Appreciation Right shall be deemed to be exercised when written notice of such exercise has been given to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Grant Agreement by the person entitled to exercise the Stock Appreciation Right, which notice will specify the number of vested Stock Appreciation Rights which Grantee is electing to exercise.
               (b) Deemed Exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights. Except as otherwise provided in the Grant Agreement and subject to any additional restrictions set forth in the Grant Agreement, upon the Grantee's termination of Service (whether due to death, Disability or any other reason) or upon a Change in Control, the Grantee will be deemed to have exercised all vested Stock Appreciation Rights.
          8.3 Exercise Period . Stock Appreciation Rights shall be exercisable at such time or times, or upon such event or events, and subject to such terms, conditions, performance criteria, and restrictions as shall be determined by the Administrator and set forth in the Grant Agreement evidencing such Stock Appreciation Right; provided, however, that no Stock Appreciation Right shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years after the effective date of grant of such Stock Appreciation Right and unless otherwise permitted by applicable law, and with the exception of a Stock Appreciation Right granted to an officer, Director or Consultant, no Stock Appreciation Right shall become exercisable at a rate less than twenty percent (20%) per year over a period of five (5) years from the effective date of grant of such Stock Appreciation Right, subject to the Grantee's continued Service. Subject to the foregoing, unless otherwise specified by the Administrator in the grant of an Stock Appreciation Right, any Stock Appreciation Right granted hereunder shall have a term of ten (10) years from the effective date of grant of the Stock Appreciation Right.
  Payment of Amount Due . Payment of the amount due upon exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right shall be made (i) in cash, by check or cash equivalent, (ii) shares of Stock, (iii) by such other consideration as may be approved by the Administrator from time to time to the extent permitted by applicable law, or (iv) by any combination of the foregoing. The Company shall pay the amount due within thirty (30) days of the exercise of the Stock Appreciation Right.
  Tax Withholding . The Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, to deduct from the amount due upon exercise of a Appreciation Right an amount equal to all or any part of the federal, state, local and foreign taxes, if any, required by law to be withheld by any Participating Company with respect to such Appreciation Right upon the exercise thereof. Alternatively or in addition, in its discretion, the Administrator shall have the right to require the Grantee, through payroll withholding, cash payment or otherwise, to make adequate provision for any such tax withholding obligations of any Participating Company arising in connection with the Appreciation Right upon the exercise thereof. The Company shall have no obligation to pay any amounts due until all of the Participating Companies' tax withholding obligations have been satisfied by the Grantee.
          8.6 Adjustments. If the Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that any distribution, merger, consolidation, reorganization, split-up, spin-off, subdivision, combination, share exchange, dividend, contribution, disposition or acquisition (either of equity or assets), warrants or rights offering to purchase interests in the Company or any Participating Company, or other extraordinary event affects the Stock Appreciation Rights authorized and granted under this Plan such that an adjustment in such Stock Appreciation Rights is required in order to preserve the level of benefits or potential benefits (without enlargement or dilution of such benefits) intended to accrue to the Grantees under this Plan, then the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall make such adjustments in the Stock Appreciation Rights (including increases or decreases to the Grant Value of a Stock Appreciation Right, increases or decreases to the number of Stock Appreciation Rights granted and/or changes to the equity to which the value of a Stock Appreciation Right is tied) and/or the terms of this Plan relating to the valuation of a Stock Appreciation

11
 

 
Right in such manner as the Committee, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate and equitable. The Committee may make any such adjustment for all Grantees and all Stock Appreciation Rights, or the Committee, in its sole discretion, may make such adjustments only for such Grantees or such Stock Appreciation Rights as it deems appropriate; provided that any such adjustment is made in compliance with the requirements of Code Section 409A relating to "stock rights" that do not constitute nonqualified deferred compensation for purposes of Code Section 409A. In addition, the Committee may, without the consent of any Grantee, convert or exchange the Stock Appreciation Rights granted pursuant to this Plan for an equity award that is based on or tied to the value of any person whose assets include the ownership of 50% or more of the Company; provided that any such conversion or exchange is made in compliance with the requirements of Code Section 409A relating to "stock rights" that do not constitute nonqualified deferred compensation for purposes of Code Section 409A.
          8.7 No Rights as a Shareholder. At no time with the Grantee be considered a shareholder of the Company or have any rights as a shareholder; the right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a shareholder shall never exist with respect to a Stock Appreciation Right, notwithstanding the exercise of the Stock Appreciation Right. Exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right in any manner shall result in a decrease in the number rights which thereafter may be available, both for purposes of the Plan and for exercise under the Stock Appreciation Right, by the number of rights to which the Stock Appreciation Right is exercised.
          8.8 Buyout Provisions. The Administrator may at any time offer to buy out, for a payment in cash or shares of Stock, a Stock Appreciation Right previously granted, based on such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall establish and communicate to the Grantee at the time that such offer is made.
  Standard Forms of Grant Agreement.
  General . Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator at the time the Award is granted, an Award shall comply with and be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the standard form of Grant Agreement in effect at the time of the grant.
  Authority to Vary Terms . The Administrator shall have the authority from time to time to vary the terms of any of the standard form of Grant Agreement described in this Section 9 either in connection with the grant or amendment of an individual Award or in connection with the authorization of a new standard form or forms; provided, however, that the terms and conditions of any such new, revised or amended standard form or forms of Grant Agreement are not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan.
  Change in Control.
          10.1 Definitions .
               (a)  An " Ownership Change Event " shall be deemed to have occurred if any of the following occurs with respect to the Company: (i) the direct or indirect sale or exchange in a single or series of related transactions by the shareholders of the Company of more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting stock of the Company; (ii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is a party; (iii) the sale, exchange, or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or (iv) a liquidation or dissolution of the Company.
               (b)  A " Change in Control " shall mean an Ownership Change Event or a series of related Ownership Change Events (collectively, a " Transaction ") wherein the shareholders of the Company immediately before the Transaction do not retain immediately after the Transaction, in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of shares of the Company's voting stock immediately before the Transaction, direct or indirect beneficial ownership of more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the outstanding voting stock of the Company or the corporation or corporations to which the assets of the Company were transferred (the " Transferee Corporation(s) "), as the case may be. For purposes of the preceding sentence, indirect beneficial ownership shall include, without limitation, an interest resulting from ownership of the voting stock of one or more corporations which, as a result of the Transaction, own the Company or the Transferee Corporation(s), as the case may be, either directly or through one or more subsidiary corporations. The Board shall have the right to determine whether multiple sales or exchanges of the voting stock of the Company or multiple Ownership Change Events are related, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive.

12
 

 
  Effect of Change in Control on Options . In the event of a Change in Control, the surviving, continuing, successor, or purchasing corporation or parent corporation thereof, as the case may be (the " Acquiring Corporation "), may either assume the Company's rights and obligations under outstanding Options or substitute for outstanding Options substantially equivalent options for the Acquiring Corporation's stock. In the event the Acquiring Corporation elects not to assume or substitute for outstanding Options in connection with a Change in Control, any unexercisable or unvested portions of outstanding Options and any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof held by Grantees whose Service has not terminated prior to such date shall be immediately exercisable and vested in full as of the date ten (10) days prior to the date of the Change in Control. The exercise or vesting of any Option and any shares acquired upon the exercise thereof that was permissible solely by reason of this Section 10.2 shall be conditioned upon the consummation of the Change in Control. Any Options which are neither assumed or substituted for by the Acquiring Corporation in connection with the Change in Control nor exercised as of the date of the Change in Control shall terminate and cease to be outstanding effective as of the date of the Change in Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing, shares acquired upon exercise of an Option prior to the Change in Control and any consideration received pursuant to the Change in Control with respect to such shares shall continue to be subject to all applicable provisions of the Grant Agreement evidencing such Option except as otherwise provided in such Grant Agreement. Furthermore, notwithstanding the foregoing, if the corporation the stock of which is subject to the outstanding Options immediately prior to an Ownership Change Event described in Section 10.1(a)(i) constituting a Change in Control is the surviving or continuing corporation and immediately after such Ownership Change Event less than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of its voting stock is held by another corporation or by other corporations that are members of an affiliated group within the meaning of Section 1504(a) of the Code without regard to the provisions of Section 1504(b) of the Code, the outstanding Options shall not terminate unless the Board otherwise provides in its discretion.
          10.3 Effect of Change in Control on Restricted Stock. In the event of a Change in Control, all restrictions then outstanding with respect to shares of Restricted Stock awarded hereunder shall automatically expire and be of no further force and effect. The Administrator shall have the authority (and the Grant Agreement may so provide) to cancel all or any portion of any outstanding restrictions prior to the expiration of the Restricted Period with respect to any or all of the shares of Restricted Stock awarded on such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall deem appropriate.
           10.4 Effect of Change in Control on Stock Appreciation Rights. In the event of a Change in Control, all outstanding Stock Appreciation Rights shall become fully vested.
  Provision of Information.
          Unless not required by applicable law, at least annually, copies of the Company's balance sheet and income statement for the just completed fiscal year shall be made available to each Grantee and purchaser of shares of Stock upon the exercise of an Option. The Company shall not be required to provide such information to key employees whose duties in connection with the Company assure them access to equivalent information.
  Nontransferability of Awards.
          During the lifetime of the Grantee, an Award shall be exercisable only by the Grantee or the Grantee's guardian or legal representative. No Award shall be assignable or transferable by the Grantee, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. Any unauthorized attempt at assignment, transfer, pledge or other disposition shall be without effect and void ab initio and without effect.
  Compliance with Securities Law.
          The grant of Awards and the issuance of shares of Stock pursuant to Awards shall be subject to compliance with all applicable requirements of federal, state and foreign law with respect to such securities. Awards may not be exercised if the issuance of shares of Stock upon exercise would constitute a violation of any applicable federal, state or foreign securities laws or other law or regulations or the requirements of any stock exchange or market system upon which the Stock may then be listed. In addition, no Award may be exercised unless (a) a registration statement under the Securities Act shall at the time of exercise of the Award be in effect with respect to the shares issuable upon exercise of the Award or (b) in the opinion of legal counsel to the Company, the shares issuable upon exercise of the Award may be issued in accordance with the terms of an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The inability of the Company to obtain from any regulatory body having

13
 

 
jurisdiction the authority, if any, deemed by the Company's legal counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any shares hereunder shall relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such shares as to which such requisite authority shall not have been obtained. As a condition to the exercise of any Award or the receipt of any Stock pursuant to this Plan, the Company may require the Grantee to satisfy any qualifications that may be necessary or appropriate, to evidence compliance with any applicable law or regulation and to make any representation or warranty with respect thereto as may be requested by the Company.
  Indemnification.
          In addition to such other rights of indemnification as they may have as members of the Board or officers or employees of a Participating Company, members of the Board and any officers or employees of the Participating Companies to whom authority to act for the Board or the Company is delegated shall be indemnified by the Company against all reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, actually and necessarily incurred in connection with the defense of any action, suit or proceeding, or in connection with any appeal therein, to which they or any of them may be a party by reason of any action taken or failure to act under or in connection with the Plan, or any right granted hereunder, and against all amounts paid by them in settlement thereof (provided such settlement is approved by independent legal counsel selected by the Company) or paid by them in satisfaction of a judgment in any such action, suit or proceeding, except in relation to matters as to which it shall be adjudged in such action, suit or proceeding that such person is liable for gross negligence, bad faith or intentional misconduct in duties; provided, however, that within sixty (60) days after the institution of such action, suit or proceeding, such person shall offer to the Company, in writing, the opportunity at its own expense to handle and defend the same.
  Termination or Amendment of Plan.
          The Board may terminate or amend the Plan at any time. However, subject to changes in applicable law, regulations or rules that would permit otherwise, without the approval of the Company's shareholders, there shall be (a) no increase in the maximum aggregate number of shares of Stock that may be issued under the Plan (except by operation of the provisions of Section 4.3), (b) no change in the class of persons eligible to receive Incentive Stock Options, and (c) no other amendment of the Plan that would require approval of the Company's shareholders under any applicable law, regulation or rule. No termination or amendment of the Plan may adversely affect any then outstanding Award or any unexercised portion thereof, without the consent of the Grantee, unless such termination or amendment is required to enable an Award designated as an Incentive Stock Option to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option or is necessary to comply with any applicable law, regulation or rule.
  No Enlargement of Employee Rights.
          This Plan is strictly a voluntary undertaking on the part of the Company and shall not be deemed to constitute a contract between the Company and any Grantee to be consideration for, or an inducement to, or a condition of, the employment of any Grantee. Nothing contained in the Plan shall be deemed to give the right to any Grantee to be retained as an employee of the Company or any Participating Company or to interfere with the right of the Company or any Participating Company to discharge any Grantee at any time.
  Application of Funds.
          The proceeds received by the Company from the sale of Stock pursuant to Grant Agreements, except as otherwise provided herein, will be used for general corporate purposes.
  Shareholder Approval.
          The Plan or any increase in the maximum aggregate number of shares of Stock issuable thereunder as provided in Section 4.1 (the " Authorized Shares ") shall be approved by the shareholders of the Company within twelve (12) months of the date of adoption thereof by the Board. Awards granted prior to shareholder approval of the Plan or in excess of the Authorized Shares previously approved by the shareholders shall become exercisable no earlier than the date of shareholder approval of the Plan or such increase in the Authorized Shares, as the case may be.

14
 

 
19. Reservation of Stock .
          The Company, during the term of this Plan, will at all times reserve and keep available such number of shares of Stock as shall be sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Plan. The inability of the Company to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Company's counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any Stock hereunder, shall relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such Stock as to which such requisite authority shall not have been obtained.
20. Information to Grantees and Purchasers .
          The Company shall make available to each Grantee, during the period such Grantee has one or more Awards outstanding, copies of annual financial statements. The Company shall not be required to provide such statements to key employees whose duties in connection with the Company assure their access to equivalent information.
21. Certain Tax Matters .
          The Administrator may require the holder of any Award or Stock received pursuant to this Plan to remit to the Company, regardless of when such liability arises, an amount sufficient to satisfy any Federal, state and local tax withholding requirements associated with such Award or Stock. The Administrator may, in its discretion, permit the holder of Stock to satisfy any such obligation by having withheld from the shares (or where applicable, cash) to be delivered to the holder of upon exercise of an Option a number of shares (or, where applicable, amount of cash) sufficient to meet any such withholding requirement. If a Grantee makes an election under Section 83(b) of the Code with respect to the receipt of any Award, or disposes of Stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of an Incentive Stock Option in a transaction deemed to be a disqualifying disposition under Section 421 of the Code, then, within thirty (30) days of such Section 83(b) election or disqualifying disposition, the Participant shall inform the Company of such actions.
22. Shareholder Agreement .
          Upon receipt of any shares of Stock under the Plan, if the Company requires its shareholders to enter into a shareholder agreement at the time of their acquisition of Stock, then, as a condition to the receipt of shares under the Plan, the Administrator may require the holder of an Award to execute and deliver to the Company a shareholder agreement in substantially the form in use at the time of exercise or receipt of shares. This requirement shall not apply if either: (i) the holder of the Award has previously executed and delivered such shareholder agreement, it is in effect at the time the holder of Award receives the shares, and the shareholder agreement would cover the shares received under the Plan; or (ii) such shareholder agreement is no longer in effect with respect to other holders of Stock.
23. Repurchase Rights .
          The Administrator may, in its discretion, subject any Award to repurchase rights provisions. The terms and conditions of any repurchase rights will be established by the Administrator in its sole discretion and shall be set forth in the Grant Agreement representing the Award. To ensure that shares of Stock subject to a repurchase right under this Section 21 will be available for repurchase, the Administrator may require the holder of an Award to deposit the certificate or certificates evidencing such shares with an agent designated by the Administrator under the terms and conditions of escrow and security agreements approved by the Administrator.
24. Right of First Refusal .
          The Administrator may, in its discretion, subject any Award to right of first refusal provisions. The terms and conditions of any right of first refusal provisions will be established by the Administrator in its sole discretion and set forth in the Grant Agreement representing the Award.
25. Non-Exclusivity of the Plan .

          Neither the adoption of the Plan by the Board nor the submission of the Plan to stockholders of the Company for approval shall be construed as creating any limitations on the power or authority of the Board to adopt such other or additional incentive or other compensation arrangements of whatever nature as the Board may deem necessary or desirable or preclude or limit the continuation of any other plan, practice or arrangement for the payment of compensation or fringe benefits to employees generally, or to any class or group of employees, which the Company or Participating Company now has lawfully put into effect, including, without limitation, any retirement, pension, savings and stock purchase plan, insurance, death and disability benefits and executive short-term or long-term incentive plans.

15
 

 
Exhibit 10.7
LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
Castwell Precast Corporation
5641 South Magic Drive
Murray, Utah 84107
Summer Energy, LLC
800 Bering Drive, Suite 260
Houston, Texas 77057
          Re: Lockup of Restricted Common Stock of Castwell Precast Corporation
Ladies and Gentlemen:
          The undersigned is the owner of __________ shares of restricted common stock of Castwell Precast Corporation ("Castwell") that were acquired by the undersigned directly from Castwell without registration in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. As an inducement to Castwell and Summer Energy, LLC, a Texas limited liability company ("Summer"), to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Agreement and Plan of Contribution dated as of January 17, 2012 among Castwell, Summer and the members of Summer, the undersigned hereby agrees not to sell any of the shares of restricted Castwell common stock currently owned by the undersigned in any public market until: Castwell has become subject to the reporting requirements of section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act; has filed all reports and other materials required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as applicable, during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that Castwell was required to file such reports and materials), other than Form 8-K reports; and a period of at least one (1) year has elapsed from the date on which current "Form 10" information has been filed by Castwell reflecting its acquisition of Summer.
          Any Securities acquired by the undersigned in the open market or in registered transactions will not be subject to this Agreement. Further, in the event that any member of Summer who receives shares of Castwell common stock pursuant to the Contribution Agreement ceases to be bound by resale restrictions identical to those set forth above, this Agreement shall become null and void effective as of the date on which such restrictions ceased to apply to such member of Summer.
          This Agreement shall be binding on the undersigned and the successors, heirs, personal representatives and assigns of the undersigned.
          This Agreement shall lapse and become null and void if the transactions contemplated by the Contribution Agreement shall not have been completed on or before April 15, 2012.
 
 
Date: March 27, 2012
_________________________________
 
[Insert Name]

 
Exhibit 21.1
Summer Energy Holdings, Inc. Schedule of Subsidiaries:
 
 
 
 
 
Entity
 
State of Incorporation/Organization
 
Percentage of Ownership
Castwell Precast, Inc.
 
Utah
 
 
100
%
Summer Energy, LLC
 
Texas
 
 
100
%


 
Exhibit 99.1
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE PERIOD FROM
APRIL 6, 2011 (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 2011

 

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Members and Officers of
Summer Energy, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
Houston, TX
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Summer Energy, LLC (the "Company") as of December 31, 2011, and the related statements of operations, members' equity, and cash flow for the period from April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Summer Energy, LLC as of December 31, 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flow for the period from April 6, 2011 (inception) through December 31, 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ LBB & Associates Ltd., LLP
LBB & Associates Ltd., LLP
Houston, Texas
March 12, 2012

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
BALANCE SHEET
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents $1,751,911
 
 
 
 
Restricted cash
 
 
605
 
Accounts receivable - other
 
 
972
 
Prepaid and other current assets
 
 
13,075
 
Total current assets
 
 
1,766,563
 
Property and equipment, net
 
 
2,126
 
Certificate of deposit - restricted
 
 
500,669
 
Deferred financing costs, net
 
 
194,444
 
 
 
 
 
 
TOTAL ASSETS
 
$
2,463,802
 
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
 
$
16,962
 
Accrued expenses
 
 
200,000
 
Total current liabilities
 
 
216,962
 
Commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MEMBERS' EQUITY- including subscription receivable of $52,000 and deficit accumulated during the development stage of $326,185
 
 
2,246,840
 
 
 
 
 
 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY
 
$
2,463,802
 
The accompany notes are an integral part of these financials

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE PERIOD FROM APRIL 6, 2011
(INCEPTION) TO DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
GROSS REVENUE
 
$
-
 
COST OF GOODS SOLD
 
 
-
 
GROSS PROFIT
 
 
-
 
OPERATING EXPENSES
 
 
 
 
General and Administrative
 
 
(321,468
)
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
 
 
 
 
Financing costs
 
 
(5,556
)
Interest income
 
 
839
 
Other income (expense)
 
 
(4,717
)
 
 
 
 
 
NET LOSS
 
$
(326,185
)
BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER UNIT
 
$
(0.06
)
WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF UNTIS
 
 
5,650,820
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
STATEMENT OF MEMBERS' EQUITY
FOR THE PERIOD FROM APRIL 6, 2011
(INCEPTION) TO DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Units
 
Managing
Members
 
Members
 
Subscription
Receivable
 
Total
 
BALANCE - April 6, 2011
 
 
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
Issuance of member units for cash
 
 
9,396,109
 
 
169,168
 
 
2,405,332
 
 
(52,000
)
 
2,522,500
 
Issuance of member units and warrants for services
 
 
151,515
 
 
10,150
 
 
40,375
 
 
 
 
 
50,525
 
NET LOSS
 
 
-
 
 
(68,272
)
 
(257,913
)
 
-
 
 
(326,185
)
BALANCE - December 31, 2011
 
 
9,547,624
 
$
111,046
 
$
2,187,794
 
$
(52,000
)
$
2,246,840
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements .

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE PERIOD FROM APRIL 6, 2011
(INCEPTION) TO DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
$
(326,185
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
 
 
 
 
used by operating activities
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
 
 
61
 
Interest earned
 
 
(669
)
Amortization of deferred financing costs
 
 
5,556
 
Issuance of member units for credit facility
 
 
50,000
 
Issuance of warrants for services
 
 
525
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Prepaid assets
 
 
(14,047
)
Deferred financing costs
 
 
(200,000
)
Accounts payable
 
 
16,962
 
Accrued expenses
 
 
200,000
 
Net cash used for operating activities
 
 
(267,797
)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
Purchase of restricted cash (605)
 
 
 
 
Purchase of certificate of deposit - restricted
 
 
(500,000
)
Purchase of property and equipment
 
 
(2,187
)
Net Cash used for investing activities
 
 
(502,792
)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
Issuance of member units for cash
 
 
2,522,500
 
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
 
 
1,751,911
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - INCEPTION
 
 
-
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS - DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
$
1,751,911
 
CASH PAID FOR INTEREST
 
$
-
 
CASH PAID FOR TAXES
 
$
-
 
NON CASH TRANSACTION:
 
 
 
 
Subscription receivable
 
$
52,000
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements .

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
NOTE 1 -
NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
 
 
Nature of Business
 
 
 
Summer Energy, LLC (the Company) was formed as a Texas limited liability company on April 6, 2011. The Company was formed to operate as a retail provider of electricity in the state of Texas. The Company is governed by its Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement (the Agreement) dated July 31, 2011. At December 31, 2011, members' equity included capital contributions from the initial members of the Company.
 
 
 
The Agreement provides that no member shall be liable for the debts or any other obligations or liabilities of the Company. Members are not required to restore a deficit balance in their respective capital accounts, lend additional funds or contribute additional capital to the Company. If members unanimously determine that additional capital is necessary, such contributions shall be made in proportion to the percentage interests then held by each member.
 
 
 
Accounting Method and Revenue and Cost Recognition
 
 
 
The Company prepares its financial statements on the accrual basis of accounting in conformance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
 
 
Revenue is recognized upon delivery of electricity to the customer's meter. This method is commonly referred to as the flow method. The flow method of revenue relies upon Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) settlement statements to determine the estimated revenue for a given month. Supply delivered to customers for the month, measured on a daily basis, provides the basis for revenues. Electric services not billed by mouth-end are accrued based upon estimated deliveries to customers as tracked and recorded by ERCOT multiplied by the Company's average billing rate per kilowatt hour ("kWh") in effect at the time. Direct energy costs are recorded when the electricity is delivered.
 
 
 
Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Unit
 
 
 
Basic earnings (loss) per member unit is computed by dividing net earnings (loss) applicable to members by the weighted-average number of member units outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per member unit is determined using the weighted-average number of member units outstanding during the period, adjusted for the dilutive effect of member unit equivalents, using the treasury method, consisting of units that might be issued upon exercise of member unit equivalents. In periods where losses are reported, the weighted-average number of member units outstanding excludes member unit equivalents, because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
NOTE 1 -
NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
 
 
 
Use of Estimates
 
 
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
 
 
Concentration of Credit Risk
 
 
 
The Company maintains its cash in demand deposit accounts or "noninterest-bearing transaction accounts" which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company's management periodically assesses the financial stability of these banks. The Company has not experienced any losses on such accounts.
 
 
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
 
 
For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all short-term investments and debt instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
 
 
 
Restricted cash represents a certificate of deposit in the amount $500,669, including interest earned, to secure a stand-by letter of credit for the benefit of the Public Utility Commission of Texas as well as a lockbox account controlled by a lender with a balance of $605 at December 31, 2011. The letter of credit expires in February 2014 and the certificate of deposit matures in February 2014.
 
 
 
Income Taxes
 
 
 
The Company does not incur income taxes; instead, its earnings are included in the members' personal income tax returns and taxed depending on their personal tax situations. The financial statements, therefore, do not include a provision for income taxes. The Company prepares a calendar year informational tax return.

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
NOTE 1 -
NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
 
 
 
Recent Pronouncements
 
 
 
In June 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued guidance requiring changes to the presentation of comprehensive income which requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders' equity, which is not the method of presentation used by the Company, will no longer be permitted, as the Company has no comprehensive income. These changes will have no impact on the calculation and presentation of earnings per share. These changes, with retrospective application, become effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning in fiscal year 2013, with early adoption allowed. Other than the change in presentation, these changes will not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
In May 2011, the FASB issued additional guidance on fair value measurements that clarifies the application of existing guidance and disclosure requirements, changes certain fair value measurement principles and requires additional disclosures about fair value measurements. The updated guidance is effective on a prospective basis for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
 
 
 
In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010 - 28 "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (ASC Topic 350)", which amended its existing guidance for goodwill and other intangible assets. This authoritative guidance modifies Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. For those reporting units, an entity is required to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if there are qualitative factors indicating that it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. The qualitative factors are consistent with the existing guidance which requires goodwill of a reporting unit to be tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. This authoritative guidance becomes effective for the Company in fiscal year 2012. The implementation of this authoritative guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
NOTE 1 -
NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
 
 
 
Recent Pronouncements (Continued)
 
 
 
In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, "Testing Goodwill for Impairment". The amendments under ASU 2011-08 will allow entities to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendments include a number of events and circumstances for entities to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment. Entities will have the option to bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. ASU 2011-08 is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011 (fiscal 2012 for the Company), and early adoption is permitted. Adoption of ASU 2011-08 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
 
 
NOTE 2 -
DEVELOPMENT STAGE OPERATIONS
 
 
 
The Company is in the development stage. On September 29, 2011, the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT) granted the Company certification as a Retail Electric Provider (REP) for the geographic area of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT). Through December 31, 2011, management's focus has been on licensing requirements, power purchase and supply negotiations, administrative functions, and raising capital. During February 2012, the Company will begin providing retail electric services in the state of Texas.
 
 
NOTE 3 -
CAPITALIZATION OF THE COMPANY
 
 
 
In connection with the formation and capitalization of the Company, 100,000,000 member units were authorized and 9,547,624 units were issued at an average price of $0.27 per unit in exchange for cash contributions and in exchange for agreements to assist with credit facility which is included in general and administrative expenses as of December 31, 2011.
 
 
NOTE 4 -
LETTER OF CREDIT
 
 
 
During 2011, the Company secured an irrevocable stand-by letter of credit in the amount of $500,000 with a financial institution for the benefit of the PUCT. The letter of credit, which expires on February 1, 2014, is backed by a $500,000 certificate of deposit with a financial institution.

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
NOTE 5 -
OPERATING LEASE COMMITMENTS
 
 
 
The Company assumed an operating lease for office space on November 1, 2011, under a non-cancellable lease obligation which expires on August 31, 2012, and provides an extension option until August 31, 2015.
 
 
 
The Company assumed an operating lease for office equipment on December 5, 2011, under non-cancellable lease obligation which expires on May 31, 2012.
 
 
 
Future minimum commitments including extension options under all non-cancellable operating lease obligations are as follows:
 
 
Contractual Obligations
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
Total
 
 
Operating Leases
 
$
127,636
 
$
127,636
 
$
127,636
 
$
85,091
 
$
467,999
 
                                   
 
 
Lease expense was $21,570 for the period from April 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011.
 
 
NOTE 6 -
ASSISTANCE IN OBTAINING CREDIT FACILITY
 
 
 
During 2011, the Company entered into a three year agreement with two members to assist in obtaining a credit facility in the total principal amount of $500,000. On November 30, 2011, the Company agreed to a cash payment of $200,000 to the assisting parties or the assisting parties may elect to receive 1,515,152 member units in the Company as compensation. The members agreed to make the assistance available to the Company within 10 business days and provide a guaranty to the financial institution. The Company recorded a deferred financing cost that is being amortized over the life of the assistance to obtain a credit facility agreement.
 
 
 
During 2011, certain members, one of which is also an officer of the Company, provided a guarantee to a financial institution that allowed the Company to obtain a merchant services account. These members also posted a $50,000 certificate of deposit with the financial institution as security for their personal guarantees. In exchange, the members were granted 151,515 member units of the Company, which were valued at $50,000 on the date of grant and recorded in general and administrative expenses.

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
NOTE 7 -
COMMITMENT WARRANTS
 
 
 
During 2011, the Company entered into an advisory agreement with Cambria Capital, LLC ("Cambria") with respect to certain financial advisory, investment banking and related matters. As compensation for these services, the Company granted Cambria a retainer warrant ("Warrant") allowing Cambria the right to purchase 400,000 units. The Warrant has an exercise price of $0.60 per unit and the term of the Warrant will be 5 years and is fully assignable. The 400,000 warrants granted to Cambria for advisory services were estimated to have a fair value of approximately $525 using the Black Scholes option pricing model based on the following assumptions: expected dividend yield 0%, expected volatility 17%, risk-free interest rate 0.90%, and expected life of 5 years.
 
 
NOTE 8 -
WHOLESALE POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENT
 
 
 
The Company's wholesale power purchase agreement provides, in addition to certain collateral calls, that the Company will provide additional credit to cover mark to market risk in connection with the purchase and sale of long term power. A mark to market credit risk occurs when the price of power purchased is greater than the current market price. While the Company believes it has purchased its current power at the lowest prices, should a collateral call occur, this could limit the Company's working capital and potentially cause liquidation of power positions should the Company fail to meet the collateral call.
 
 
NOTE - 9
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
 
 
 
On February 6, 2012, an application for an amendment to the Company's Retail Electric Provider Certification was submitted to the PUCT which sought prior approval of a transaction by and between the Company and Castwell Precast Corporation ("Castwell"), a publicly traded Nevada corporation. The application for amendment was requested to reflect a change in ownership in contemplation of a merger with Castwell. On February 27, 2012, the application to amend the Company's Retail Electric Provider Certification was approved.
 
 
 
The transaction is a corporate reorganization pursuant to which the Company's members will contribute all of their units of membership interest in the Company to Castwell in exchange for shares of Castwell common stock and the Company will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Castwell. At that point, Castwell, as the Company's parent, will be owned by Castwell's current owners plus the Company's current owners. Because Castwell is a US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registrant, the purchase and sale of ownership interest in the Company will be subject to federal securities laws and the regulations of the SEC.

 

 
SUMMER ENERGY, LLC
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2011
 
 
NOTE - 9
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (CONTINUED)
 
 
 
The Company will continue business as a Texas limited liability corporation under new ownership and there will be no changes to the Company's day-to-day operations. The Company's financial position will not be adversely impacted by this transaction.
 
 
 
On January 27, 2012, an irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $50,000 was secured with a financial institution for the benefit of a wholesale energy provider. The letter of credit is guaranteed by two members who entered into a three year agreement with the Company to assist in obtaining credit facilities.
 
 
 
On February 7, 2012, the Company entered into a cancellable one year agent services agreement with QSE, Inc. that is automatically renewable in successive one year periods unless cancelled by either party. For a monthly fee, QSE, Inc. will provide consulting and operational services related to the Company performing as a Qualified Scheduling Entity (QSE) as defined by ERCOT. The Company's financial position will not be adversely impacted by this transaction.

 

 
Exhibit 99.2
CASTWELL PRECAST CORPORATION PROFORMA BALANCE SHEET
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
 
Pro forma
Adjustments
 
 
 
 
 
Summer LLC
 
Castwell
 
Total
 
(See Notes)
 
Pro forma
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
1,751,911
 
$
6,981
 
$
1,758,892
 
$
 
 
$
1,758,892
 
Prepaids
 
 
12,905
 
 
 
 
 
12,905
 
 
 
 
 
12,905
 
Other
 
 
1,747
 
 
 
 
 
1,747
 
 
 
 
 
1,747
 
Total current assets
 
 
1,766,563
 
 
6,981
 
 
1,773,544
 
 
-
 
 
1,773,544
 
                                 
Long-term assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment, net
 
 
2,126
 
 
7,346
 
 
9,472
 
 
 
 
 
9,472
 
Certificate of deposit -- restricted
 
 
500,669
 
 
 
 
 
500,669
 
 
 
 
 
500,669
 
Deferred financinig costs, net
 
 
194,444
 
 
 
 
 
194,444
 
 
 
 
 
194,444
 
Total long-term assets
 
 
697,239
 
 
7,346
 
 
704,585
 
 
-
 
 
704,585
 
                                 
Total assets
 
$
2,463,802
 
$
14,327
 
$
2,478,129
 
$
-
 
$
2,478,129
 
                                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
 
$
16,962
 
$
 
 
$
16,962
 
$
 
 
$
16,962
 
Accrued expenses
 
 
200,000
 
 
25,790
 
 
225,790
 
 
 
 
 
225,790
 
Total current liabilities
 
 
216,962
 
 
25,790
 
 
242,752
 
 
-
 
 
242,752
 
                                 
Stockholders' and Members' equity                                
Preferred Stock - $.001 par value,10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
 
 
 
-
 
Common Stock - $.001 par value, 100,000,000 post transaction shares authorized, 10,504,711 post transaction shares issued and outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
4,178
 
 
4,178
 
 
6,326
 
 
10,504
 
Additional paid in capital
 
 
 
 
 
356,157
 
 
356,157
 
 
2,194,901
 
 
2,551,058
 
Members' Capital
 
 
2,573,025
 
 
 
 
 
2,573,025
 
 
(2,573,025
)
 
-
 
Accumulated deficit
 
 
(326,185
)
 
(371,798
)
 
(697,983
)
 
371,798
 
 
(326,185
)
Total stockholders' equity
 
 
2,246,840
 
 
(11,463
)
 
2,235,377
 
 
-
 
 
2,235,377
 
                                 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
 
$
2,463,802
 
$
14,327
 
$
2,478,129
 
$
-
 
$
2,478,129
 

 

 
CASTWELL PRECAST CORPORATION PROFORMA STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Period Ended December 31, 2011 Summer LLC
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011 Castwell
 
Total
 
Pro forma Adjustments (See Notes)
 
Pro forma
 
Revenues
 
$
 
 
$
 
 
$
-
 
$
 
 
$
-
 
Cost of goods sold
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
 
 
-
 
Gross Profits
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
                                 
General and administrative expenses
 
 
321,468
 
 
51,330
 
 
372,798
 
 
(51,330
)
 
321,468
 
                                 
Operating loss
 
 
(321,468
)
 
(51,330
)
 
(372,798
)
 
51,330
 
 
(321,468
)
                                 
Financing costs, net
 
 
(4,717
)
 
 
 
 
(4,717
)
 
 
 
 
(4,717
)
                                 
Net loss before income taxes
 
 
(326,185
)
 
(51,330
)
 
(377,515
)
 
51,330
 
 
(326,185
)
                                 
Income taxes
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-
 
                                 
Net loss
 
$
(326,185
)
$
(51,330
)
$
(377,515
)
$
51,330
 
$
(326,185
)
                                 
Loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted loss per share/unit
 
$
(0.06
)
 
(0.01
)
 
(0.07
)
 
0.04
 
 
(0.03
)
                                 
Basic and diluted weighted average shares/units outstanding
 
 
5,650,820
 
 
4,077,708
 
 
9,728,528
 
 
751,183
 
 
10,479,711
 
Notes:
The term "Castwell" as used in this proforma statements refers to Castwell Precast Corporation and Subsidiary. The term "Summer LLC" refers to Summer Energy, LLC.
The transaction was consummated on March 27, 2012, but the pro forma adjustments present the financial statements as if the transaction was consumated as of January 1, 2011.
Castwell's only post transaction operations are conducted through one of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Summer LLC.
In accordance with financial reporting for reverse merger transactions, the post transaction operating results contained herein is only that of Summer LLC and does not include Castwell's financial results of operations. Further, the accumulated deficit after pro forma adjustments is that of Summer LLC and the common share, and related par value amounts, are that of Castwell.

Immediately prior to the transaction, Castwell effected a 1-for-4 reverse common stock split causing its 4,178,348 common shares to be converted to approximately 1,044,587 common shares. In addition, certain stockholders of Castwell canceled and returned to Castwell 237,500 common shares, so that immediately prior to the transaction the Castwell's post-split shares of its common stock issues and outstanding totaled 807,087 (excludes warrants) and post-split shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding warrants totaled 25,000. Castwell increased its authorized common shares from 50,000,000 to 100,000,000 immediately prior to the transaction. Each of the 9,697,624 issued and outstanding members units of Summer LLC held immediately pior to the transaction were converted into the right to receive one share of Castwell's common stock. Post transaction shares of Castwell issued and outstanding totaled 10,504,711 (excludes warrants), of which 92.3% were held by the former members of Summer LLC.

 

 
Exhibit 99.3
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Castwell Precast Corporation Undergoes Change of Control and Changes
Name, Trading Symbol, Principal Business, Officers and Directors
HOUSTON, TEXAS - March 30, 2012 - Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., (OTC-BB: CPXED), formerly known as Castwell Precast Corporation (the "Company") , today announced that it has completed a transaction with Summer Energy, LLC, pursuant to which the Company has acquired all of the outstanding units of membership interest in Summer Energy, LLC in exchange for the issuance to the holders of such units of membership interest of 9,697,624 shares of its $0.001 par value common stock. Following the closing, the former members of Summer Energy, LLC held 92.3% of the Company's outstanding common stock, and Summer Energy, LLC became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.
Summer Energy, LLC, is a development stage company that will operate as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Summer Energy, LLC has been licensed by the Public Utility Commission of Texas as a retail electric provider. Prior to the change of control transaction, the Company was engaged in the business of manufacturing, selling and installing precast concrete window wells. As a result of the change of control transaction, the Company will cease the manufacture, sale and installation of precast concrete window wells, and it will hereafter be engaged, through Summer Energy, LLC, in the procurement of wholesale electric power and the resale of such power to commercial and residential customers.
Concurrently with the closing of the transaction, the Company changed its name to Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., in order better reflect its new business focus. The Company's request for a trading symbol change has been approved by FINRA but a new trading symbol has not yet been assigned.
Effective as of the closing, Amie Coleman, Jason T. Haislip and Duane J. Smith have resigned as officers and directors of the company. The size of the board of directors of the company has increased from three directors to seven, and the following individuals have been elected to serve as directors: Rod Danielson, Jaleea George, Mace Meeks, Stuart Gaylor, Andrew Priest, James Stapleton and Michael Vanderhoof.
Rod Danielson has been appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of the company and Jaleea George has been appointed Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer.
This press release does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities referenced herein in any jurisdiction to any person.
The shares of common stock issued in connection with the transactions have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws or an applicable exemption from those registration requirements. 
About Summer Energy Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Castwell Precast Corporation)
Summer Energy Holdings, Inc., operating through its wholly-owned subsidiary, is a retail electric provider (REP) in the State of Texas, pursuant to a license issued by the Public Utility Commission of the Texas. The Company procures wholesale electric power, and resells that electric power to commercial and residential customers within certain target areas within the State of Texas. The Company offers competitive electricity rates, flexible payment and pricing choices, simple offers with understandable terms, and quality customer service. For more information, visit www.mysummerenergy.com, or contact Investor Relations at (713) 375-2790.


 
This news release contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from those discussed or anticipated. Factors that might affect actual outcomes include, but are not limited to, the ability of the company to raise sufficient working capital to carry out its business plans, regulatory constraints that may be imposed upon the company, the continued availability of wholesale electric power, general economic conditions, and increased competition. For a more detailed discussion of these and associated risks, see the company's most recent documents filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
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