UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K  
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): June 11, 2019
Medidata Solutions, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware   
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
001-34387   
(Commission
File Number)
13-4066508   
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

350 Hudson Street, 9th Floor
New York, New York
  
(Address of principal executive offices)
10014   
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 918-1800
Not Applicable

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions ( see General Instruction A.2 below):
¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
ý Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d 2(b))
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common stock, par value $0.01
MDSO
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
(Title of each class)
(Trading symbol)
(Name of each exchange on which registered)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter). Emerging growth company ¨
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨







Item 1.01. Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.
Merger Agreement
On June 11, 2019, Medidata Solutions, Inc. (the “ Company ”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “ Merger Agreement ”) with Dassault Systèmes SE (“ Guarantor ”), Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp. (“ Parent ”) and 3DS Acquisition 6 Corp. (“ Merger Sub ”), providing for, among other things, subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, the acquisition of the Company by Parent at a price of $92.25 per share in cash, without interest (the “ Merger Consideration ”), through the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”), with the Company surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.
At the effective time of the Merger (the “ Effective Time ”) ,  each share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (each a “ Share ”), issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than each Share that is owned by Parent or the Company, or by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Parent, Merger Sub or the Company, or held by a holder of record who has not voted in favor of adoption of the Merger Agreement or consented thereto in writing and who has properly and validly exercised appraisal rights of such Shares in accordance with Section 262 of the Delaware General Corporation Law) will be converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration, net of applicable withholding of taxes.
Treatment of Outstanding Equity Awards
To the extent that the following types of equity awards of the Company are outstanding prior to the Effective Time, subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, such equity awards will generally be treated as follows:
Options : Each outstanding stock option (whether or not vested) will be cancelled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash (without interest and subject to deduction for any required withholding tax) based on the number of Shares covered by such option multiplied by the difference between the Merger Consideration and the option exercise price per Share, to be paid within two business days following the Effective Time.
Performance Stock Units (“ PSUs ”): Each outstanding PSU by a current employee of the Company (each, an “ Employee PSU ”) will generally be assumed and converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to Guarantor ordinary shares (generally subject to the same terms and conditions, except that the performance-based vesting conditions applicable to such Employee PSU will not apply from and after the Effective Time), and relating to a number of Grantor ordinary shares equal to the product of (i) the number of Shares subject to such Employee PSU immediately prior to the Effective Time based on the attainment of the applicable performance metrics (x) for those Employee PSUs that vest based on performance metrics related to total stockholder return, at the actual level of performance through the Effective Time, as determined in good faith and consistent with past practice by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Company Board ”) or a committee thereof, (y) for those Employee PSUs that vest based on performance metrics related to data science, at the greater of the actual level of performance through the Effective Time (if calculable), as determined in good faith and consistent with past practice by the Company Board or a committee thereof, or the target level of performance, and (z) for each other such Employee PSU, at the target level of performance, multiplied by (ii) the Equity Award Conversion Ratio, with any fractional shares rounded to the nearest whole number of shares. Each PSU outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time that is not an Employee PSU will become fully vested and will be cancelled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash (without interest and subject to deduction for any required withholding tax) based on the number of Shares subject to such PSU, taking into account the attainment of applicable performance metrics in accordance with the Merger Agreement and as summaries in the previous sentence, multiplied by the Merger Consideration, to be paid within two business days following the Effective Time.
The “ Equity Award Conversion Ratio ” means the quotient of (i) the Merger Consideration divided by (ii) the volume weighted average sales prices per share of Guarantor ordinary shares for the ten (10) full consecutive trading days ending on and including the business day that is three (3) business days immediately prior to the Closing Date, as such volume weighted average is reported by Bloomberg or, if not reported by Bloomberg, as reported by another authoritative source, and expressed in U.S. dollars at the dollar-euro conversion rate published by the European Central Bank for each such trading day.
Restricted Stock Awards (“ RSAs ”): Each outstanding RSA held by a current employee of the Company (each, an “ Employee RSA ”) will generally be assumed and converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to Guarantor ordinary shares (generally subject to substantially the same terms and conditions except to the extent necessary to reflect





the fact that the resulting restricted stock units are not issued and outstanding Guarantor ordinary shares), and relating to a number of Grantor ordinary shares equal to the product of (i) the number of Shares subject to each Employee RSA immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (ii) the Equity Award Conversion Ratio, with any fractional shares rounded to the nearest whole number of shares. Each RSA outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time that is not an Employee RSA will become fully vested and will be cancelled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash (without interest and subject to deduction for any required withholding tax) based on the number of Shares subject to such RSA multiplied by the Merger Consideration.
Restricted Stock Units (“ RSUs ”): Each outstanding RSU held by a current employee of the Company (each, an “ Employee RSU ”) will generally be assumed and converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to Guarantor ordinary shares (generally subject to the same terms and conditions), and relating to a number of Grantor ordinary shares equal to the product of (i) the number of Shares subject to each Employee RSU immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (ii) the Equity Award Conversion Ratio, with any fractional shares rounded to the nearest whole number of shares. Each RSU outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time that is not an Employee RSU will become fully vested and will be cancelled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash (without interest and subject to deduction for any required withholding tax) based on the number of Shares subject to such RSU multiplied by the Merger Consideration, to be paid within two business days following the Effective Time.
Effective as of the Effective Time, the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan will be terminated.
Conditions
Completion of the Merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including (i) adoption of the Merger Agreement by the affirmative vote of stockholders holding a majority of the Company’s issued and outstanding Shares and entitled to vote at a meeting of the Company’s stockholders (the “ Requisite Stockholder Approval ”), (ii) expiration or early termination of any regulatory waiting periods and receipt of required regulatory approvals (including under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “ HSR Act ”), and under antitrust laws in certain foreign jurisdictions), (iii) the absence of any law or order in effect enjoining, prohibiting or otherwise preventing the Merger and the absence of any legal proceeding seeking to enjoin, prohibit or otherwise prevent the Merger, in each case, issued or instituted by certain courts of competent jurisdiction in certain jurisdictions, (iv) clearance by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“ CFIUS ”), (v) compliance by Parent and the Company with their respective covenants in all material respects, (vi) the accuracy of Parent’s and the Company’s respective representations and warranties, in general, except for inaccuracies that would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or Company Material Adverse Effect, respectively (as such terms are defined in the Merger Agreement), (vii) the absence of any Company Material Adverse Effect and (viii) the absence of any Burdensome Condition (as defined in the Merger Agreement) imposed by a governmental authority in certain specified jurisdictions.
Representations, Warranties and Covenants
The Merger Agreement contains customary representations and warranties from the Company and Parent. It also contains customary covenants, including, among others, covenants providing for each of the parties to use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Merger to be consummated, and covenants requiring the Company, subject to certain exceptions, to carry on its business in the ordinary course of business and not solicit, initiate or knowingly induce the making, submission or announcement of, or knowingly encourage, facilitate or assist, any inquiry, discussion, offer or request that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, an acquisition proposal or acquisition transaction by or with a third party.
Termination
The Merger Agreement contains certain customary termination rights for the Company and Parent. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, the Merger Agreement may be terminated by either Parent or the Company if (i) the Merger is not consummated on or before January 11, 2020, which is subject to extension for an additional three (3) months if all conditions are satisfied other than the receipt of regulatory approval and CFIUS clearance or the absence of legal restraints (such date, the “ Termination Date ” and such termination event, the “ Termination Date Trigger ”), (ii) the Requisite Stockholder Approval is not obtained (the “ Stockholder Approval Trigger ”), (iii) a legal restraint is in effect that makes the Merger illegal or permanently restrains, enjoins or otherwise prohibits consummation of the Merger or that becomes final and non-appealable, or (iv) there is a CFIUS Turndown (as defined in the Merger Agreement).





In addition, the Company may terminate the Merger Agreement if (i) Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub has breached any representation or warranty or failed to perform any covenant, such that the conditions relating to the accuracy of the Guarantor’s, Parent’s or Merger Sub’s representations and warranties or performance of covenants would fail to be satisfied, which is not cured before the earlier of (a) 30 calendar days following notice of such breach and (b) three (3) business days prior to the Termination Date, or (ii) at any time prior to receiving the Requisite Stockholder Approval, subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, in the event that (a) the Company receives a Superior Proposal (as defined in the Merger Agreement), (b) the Company’s board of directors or an authorized committee thereof determines in good faith that the failure to enter into a definitive agreement relating to such Superior Proposal would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties, and (c) Parent has been informed of and had an opportunity to match such Superior Proposal pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement (the “ Superior Proposal Trigger ”).
In addition, Parent may terminate the Merger Agreement if (i) the Company has breached any representation or warranty or failed to perform any covenant, such that the conditions relating to the accuracy of the Company’s representations and warranties or performance of covenants would fail to be satisfied, which is not cured before the earlier of (a) 30 calendar days following notice of such breach and (b) three (3) business days prior to the Termination Date), or (ii) in the event that the board of directors of the Company or any authorized committee thereof has effected a Company Board Recommendation Change (as defined in the Merger Agreement), which termination right expires 20 business days after such Company Board Recommendation Change is effected (the “ Recommendation Change Trigger ”).
If the Merger Agreement is terminated under the following circumstances, the Company has agreed to pay Parent a termination fee of $207 million:
by either Parent or the Company, (i) pursuant to either the Termination Date Trigger or the Stockholder Approval Trigger; (ii) prior to the time at which a vote is taken on the adoption of the Merger Agreement by the stockholders of the Company, a Competing Acquisition Transaction (as defined in the Merger Agreement) is publicly announced or publicly disclosed and, in either case, has not been withdrawn or otherwise abandoned; and (iii) within 12 months following the termination of the Merger Agreement, that Competing Acquisition Transaction is consummated or a binding definitive agreement for that Competing Acquisition Transaction is entered into by the Company within such 12-month period and such Competing Acquisition Transaction is subsequently consummated;
by the Company pursuant to the Superior Proposal Trigger; or
by Parent pursuant to the Recommendation Change Trigger.
Financing
Parent’s obligations under the Merger Agreement are not subject to any financing condition. In connection with the Merger Agreement, Guarantor entered into a facilities agreement with the arrangers and lenders party thereto, pursuant to which the lenders thereto have committed, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, to provide debt financing providing Parent with sufficient funds, together with available cash reserves, to consummate the Merger and pay all the fees and expenses required to be paid pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
The foregoing description of the Merger Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 2.1 hereto and is incorporated herein by reference.
The Merger Agreement has been included to provide stockholders with information regarding its terms. It is not intended to provide any other factual information about the Company, Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or their respective subsidiaries and affiliates. The Merger Agreement contains representations and warranties by the Company, on the one hand, and Parent and Merger Sub on the other hand, made solely for the benefit of the other. The assertions in those representations and warranties are subject to qualifications and limitations agreed to by the respective parties in negotiating the terms of the Merger Agreement, including information in a confidential disclosure letter delivered by the Company in connection with the signing of the Merger Agreement. Moreover, certain representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement were made as of a specified date, may be subject to a contractual standard of materiality different from what might be viewed as material to stockholders, or may have been used for the purpose of allocating risk between the Company, on the one hand, and Parent and Merger Sub, on the other hand, rather than establishing matters as facts. Accordingly, the representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement should not be relied on by any persons as characterizations of the actual state of facts about the Company or Parent at the time they were made or otherwise. In addition, information concerning the subject matter of the representations and warranties may change





after the date of the Merger Agreement, which subsequent information may or may not be fully reflected in the Company’s or Parent’s public disclosures.
Voting Agreement
In connection with the Merger Agreement, certain of the Company’s officers (who are also directors of the Company) executed a Voting Agreement with Parent (collectively, the “ Voting Agreements ”). Each Voting Agreement requires the applicable stockholder, among other things, to vote such stockholder’s Shares (i) in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement and (ii) against any proposal or action that would constitute, or could reasonably be expected to result in a breach of the Merger Agreement or otherwise reasonably would be expected to, impede, interfere with, delay, postpone, discourage or adversely affect the Merger, or any acquisition proposal. In addition, each applicable stockholder is prohibited from transferring any of his or her Shares other than in certain limited circumstances. The Voting Agreements will terminate upon the earliest to occur of (i) the Effective Time, (ii) the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms, (iii) a Company Board Recommendation Change and (iv) mutual written agreement of the parties thereto.
The foregoing description of the Voting Agreements does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of Voting Agreement attached as Exhibit 10.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
Item 5.02. Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.
On June 11, 2019, Guarantor, Parent and the Company entered into Executive Employment Agreements (the “ Executive Employment Agreements ”) with each of Tarek Sherif (Chief Executive Officer), Rouven Bergmann (Chief Operations Officer) and Glen de Vries (Chief Technology Officer); and Letter Agreements (the “ Letter Agreements ”) with each of Jill Larsen, Michael Pray and certain other officers of the Company (together with the individuals entering into Executive Employment Agreements, each an “ Executive ”).
In general, the Executive Employment Agreements provide for the terms and conditions of, among other things, the Executive’s base salary and performance bonus compensation; eligibility to receive Guarantor stock-options or free performance shares and any long-term incentive compensation plan for which the Executive may be selected; and entitlement to participate in employee benefit plans. Further, the Executive Employment Agreements provide that subject to the terms and conditions therein, the Company may terminate the Executive’s employment with or without cause during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the first anniversary thereof (the “ Protected Period ”). Following the Protected Period, the Company may terminate the Executive’s employment for “cause” upon written notice, or at any time other than for cause upon thirty (30) days advance written notice to the Executive. The Executive may terminate his or her employment during the Protected Period with or without “good reason” (as defined in the applicable Change in Control Agreement and as amended by the applicable Executive Employment Agreement), or following the Protected Period for any reason. In the event that the Executive terminates his or her employment during the Protected Period without good reason or, following the Protected Period, for any reason, the Executive must provide thirty (30) days advance written notice to the Company. During the Protected Period, the Executive will remain eligible to receive a severance benefit in accordance with such Executive’s Change in Control Agreement.
In general, the Letter Agreements provide that an Executive will be entitled to receive a lump sum cash retention bonus equal to one year’s salary on the twelve month anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Vesting Date ”), subject to the Executive’s continued employment with the Company or one of its affiliates through the Vesting Date (the “ Retention Bonus ”), to be paid no later than ten business days after the Vesting Date. If the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause or by the Executive for “good reason” (as defined in the applicable Change in Control Agreement and as amended by the applicable Letter Agreement) prior to the Vesting Date, then the Executive will receive the Retention Bonus at the same time as the Executive’s cash severance benefit is paid pursuant to such Executive’s Change in Control Agreement.
With respect to each of the Executive Employment Agreements and the Letter Agreements, for purposes of any equity- or equity-based awards granted by the Company prior to the Effective Date that is converted into a Guarantor restricted stock unit in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement, such converted equity awards will vest upon a termination of employment by the Company without “cause” or by the Executive for “good reason”, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the second anniversary of the Effective Date. Each of the Executives will be subject to certain customary confidentiality, non-competition, non-solicitation and non-hiring restrictions subject to the terms and conditions of their respective Executive Employment Agreements or Letter Agreements, as applicable.





The foregoing description of the Executive Employment Agreements and the Letter Agreements does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Executive Employment Agreements entered into by each of Tarek Sherif, Rouven Bergmann and Glen de Vries, attached as Exhibits 10.2, 10.3 and 10.4, respectively, and the form of Letter Agreement entered into by each of Jill Larsen, Michael Pray and certain other officers of the Company, attached as Exhibit 10.5, to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
Item 5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.
On June 11, 2019, the board of directors of the Company approved an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended on April 15, 2019 (as amended, the “ Bylaws ”) to add a new Section 10.5 (Forum Selection) in the form set forth below:
10.5    FORUM SELECTION .
Unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (A) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (B) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, other employee or stockholder of the Company to the Company or the Company’s stockholders, (C) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or (D) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the Company shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section 10.5 .”
The foregoing description of certain provisions of the Bylaws is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Bylaws, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 3.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.
See the Exhibit Index attached to this Current Report on Form 8-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Important Additional Information and Where to Find It
In connection with the proposed merger, Medidata Solutions, Inc. (the “Company”) intends to file relevant materials with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including a preliminary proxy statement on Schedule 14A. Following the filing of the definitive proxy statement with the SEC, the Company will mail the definitive proxy statement and a proxy card to each stockholder entitled to vote at the special meeting relating to the proposed merger. STOCKHOLDERS ARE URGED TO CAREFULLY READ THESE MATERIALS IN THEIR ENTIRETY (INCLUDING ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS THERETO) AND ANY OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTS THAT THE COMPANY WILL FILE WITH THE SEC WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE BECAUSE THEY WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY AND THE TRANSACTION. The proxy statement and other relevant materials (when available), and any and all documents filed by the Company with the SEC, may be obtained free of charge at the SEC’s website ( www.sec.gov ) or at the Company’s website ( https://investors.medidata.com ) or by writing to the Corporate Secretary at 350 Hudson Street, 9th Floor, New York, New York 10014.
Participants in the Merger Solicitation
This document does not constitute a solicitation of proxy, an offer to purchase or a solicitation of an offer to sell any securities, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. No offer of securities shall be made except by means of a prospectus meeting the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company, its directors, executive officers and certain employees may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from the stockholders of the Company in connection with the proposed merger. Information about the persons who may, under the rules of the SEC, be considered to be participants in the solicitation of the Company’s stockholders in connection with the proposed merger, and any interest they have in the proposed merger, will be set forth in the definitive proxy statement when it is filed with the SEC. Additional information regarding these individuals is set forth in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2019





annual meeting of stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on April 18, 2019, and its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, which was filed with the SEC on March 1, 2019. These documents may be obtained for free at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov , and via the Company’s Investor Relations section of its website at www.medidata.com .
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This document may include “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, without limitation, statements relating to the completion of the merger. In this context, forward-looking statements often address expected future business and financial performance and financial condition, and often contain words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “see,” “will,” “would,” “target,” similar expressions, and variations or negatives of these words. Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain, such as statements about the consummation of the proposed merger and the anticipated benefits thereof. These and other forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements, including the failure to consummate the proposed merger or to make any filing or take other action required to consummate such merger in a timely matter or at all. The inclusion of such statements should not be regarded as a representation that any plans, estimates or expectations will be achieved. You should not place undue reliance on such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such plans, estimates or expectations include, among others, that: (1) the Company may be unable to obtain stockholder approval as required for the merger; (2) conditions to the closing of the merger, including obtaining required regulatory approvals, may not be satisfied or waived on a timely basis or otherwise; (3) a governmental entity or a regulatory body may prohibit, delay or refuse to grant approval for the consummation of the merger and may require conditions, limitations or restrictions in connection with such approvals that can adversely affect the anticipated benefits of the proposed merger or cause the parties to abandon the proposed merger; (4) the merger may involve unexpected costs, liabilities or delays; (5) the business of the Company may suffer as a result of uncertainty surrounding the merger or the potential adverse changes to business relationships resulting from the proposed merger; (6) legal proceedings may be initiated related to the merger and the outcome of any legal proceedings related to the merger may be adverse to the Company; (7) the Company may be adversely affected by other general industry, economic, business, and/or competitive factors; (8) there may be unforeseen events, changes or other circumstances that could give rise to the termination of the merger agreement or affect the ability to recognize benefits of the merger; (9) risks that the proposed merger may disrupt current plans and operations and present potential difficulties in employee retention as a result of the merger; (10) risks related to diverting management’s attention from the Company’s ongoing business operations; (11) there may be other risks to consummation of the merger, including the risk that the merger will not be consummated within the expected time period or at all which may affect the Company’s business and the price of the common stock of the Company; and (12) the risks described from time to time in the Company’s reports filed with the SEC under the heading “Risk Factors,” including the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K and in other of the Company’s filings with the SEC. Such risks include, without limitation: possible fluctuations in our financial and operating results; our customer concentration; our ability to retain and expand our customer base or increase new business from those customers; our ability to continue to release, and gain customer acceptance of, new and improved versions of our products; the impacts of security breaches and data loss and our vulnerability to technology infrastructure failures; and integration activities, performance and financial impact of acquired companies. Consequences of material differences in results as compared with those anticipated in the forward-looking statements could include, among other things, business disruption, operational problems, financial loss, legal liability to third parties and similar risks, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, credit rating or liquidity. These risks, as well as other risks associated with the proposed merger, will be more fully discussed in the proxy statement that will be filed with the SEC in connection with the proposed merger. There can be no assurance that the merger will be completed, or if it is completed, that it will close within the anticipated time period or that the expected benefits of the merger will be realized. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which such statements were made. Except as required by applicable law, the Company undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances arising after such date.
 






SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.
Date: June 12, 2019
By:     /s/ MICHAEL I. OTNER            
Name: Michael I. Otner
 
Title: Executive Vice President—General Counsel and Secretary
 
 
 






EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
No.
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
* The Company has omitted schedules and other similar attachments to such agreement pursuant to Item 601(b) of Regulation S-K. The Company will furnish a copy of such omitted document to the SEC upon request.
 



Exhibit 2.1







AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

by and among


DASSAULT SYSTÈMES SE,


DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP.,


3DS ACQUISITION 6 CORP.


and


MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.


Dated as of June 11, 2019







TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Article I

THE MERGER

1.1    The Merger                                         2
1.2 The Effective Time                                     2
1.3 Effect of the Merger                                 3
1.4 Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation          3
1.5 Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation                     3
1.6 Effect on Capital Stock and Equity Awards                         3

Article II

The Closing

2.1    The Closing                                         10
2.2 Conditions to the Closing                                 10
2.3 Actions to be Taken at the Closing                             13
2.4 Exchange of Certificates                                 14
2.5 Transfer Books; No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock     17
2.6 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates                         17
2.7 Necessary Further Actions                                 17

Article III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

3.1 Organization; Good Standing                                18
3.2 Corporate Power; Enforceability                            18
3.3 Requisite Stockholder Approval                            19
3.4 Non-Contravention                                    19
3.5 Required Governmental Approvals                            20
3.6 Company Capitalization                                20
3.7 Subsidiaries                                        21
3.8 Company SEC Reports                                22
3.9 Company Financial Statements                            23
3.10 No Undisclosed Liabilities                                25
3.11 Absence of Certain Changes                                25
3.12 Material Contracts                                    25
3.13 Real Property                                        28
3.14 Personal Property and Assets                                28

i




3.15 Intellectual Property                                    29
3.16 Privacy & Cybersecurity                                32
3.17 Tax Matters                                        34
3.18 Employee Plans                                    35
3.19 Labor Matters                                        37
3.20 Permits                                        39
3.21 Compliance with Laws                                39
3.22 Environmental Matters                                40
3.23 Litigation                                        41
3.24 Insurance                                        41
3.25 Related Party Transactions                                41
3.26 Brokers                                        42
3.27 Opinion of Financial Advisor                                42
3.28 State Anti-Takeover Statutes                                42
3.29 Exclusivity of Representations                            42

Article IV

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND MERGER SUB

4.1 Organization; Good Standing                                43
4.2 Corporate Power; Enforceability                            43
4.3 Non-Contravention                                    44
4.4 Required Governmental Approvals                            44
4.5 Litigation                                        44
4.6 Ownership of Company Capital Stock                        44
4.7 No Stockholder and Management Arrangements                    45
4.8 Brokers                                        45
4.9 Operations of Merger Sub                                45
4.10 Adjusted Awards; Freely Tradeable Shares                        45
4.11 CFIUS                                            45
4.12 Sufficiency of Funds; Debt Financing                        45
4.13 Exclusivity of Representations                            46
4.14 Non-Reliance                                        46

Article V

COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY

5.1 Interim Conduct of Business                                47
5.2 No Solicitation                                    51


ii




Article VI

ADDITIONAL COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS

6.1 Company Stockholder Approval                            53
6.2 Efforts to Close                                    60
6.3 Regulatory Approvals                                    61
6.4 Financing                                        65
6.5 Public Statements and Disclosure                            69
6.6 Anti-Takeover Laws                                    70
6.7 Access                                            70
6.8 Section 16(b) Exemption                                71
6.9 Directors’ and Officers’ Exculpation, Indemnification and Insurance        71
6.10 Treatment of Certain Existing Indebtedness                        74
6.11 Employee Matters                                    74
6.12 Obligations of Merger Sub                                76
6.13 Notification of Certain Matters                            76
6.14 Certain Litigation                                    77
6.15 Parent Vote                                        77
6.16 Delisting                                        77
Article VII

TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER

7.1 Termination                                        77
7.2 Notice of Termination; Effect of Termination                        80
7.3 Fees and Expenses                                    80
7.4 Amendment                                        82
7.5 Extension; Waiver                                    82

Article VIII

GENERAL PROVISIONS

8.1 Certain Definitions                                    82
8.2 Certain Interpretations                                82
8.3 Survival of Representations, Warranties and Covenants                85
8.4 Notices                                        85
8.5 Assignment                                        87
8.6 Confidentiality                                    87
8.7 Entire Agreement                                    87
8.8 No Third Party Beneficiaries                                87
8.9 Severability                                        87
8.10 Remedies.                                        88
8.11 Governing Law                                    89

iii




8.12 Consent to Jurisdiction                                89
8.13 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL                                90
8.14 Disclosure Letter Matters                                90
8.15 Counterparts                                        91
8.16 Guaranty                                        91
8.17 Debt Financing                                    93


iv




INDEX OF ANNEXES AND SCHEDULES
ANNEXES
Annex A
-
Certain Defined Terms
Annex B
-
Surviving Corporation Certificate of Incorporation



v




INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
Term          Section Reference
$
8.2(o)
Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement
Annex A
Acquisition Proposal
Annex A
Acquisition Transaction
Annex A
Adjusted Awards
1.6(i)(ii)
Adjusted Employee PSU
1.6(e)(i)
Adjusted Employee RSA
1.6(f)(i)
Adjusted Employee RSU
1.6(g)(i)
Affiliate
Annex A
Agreement
Preamble
Alternate Debt Financing
6.4(b)
Alternative Acquisition Agreement
Annex A
Amended Intervening Event Notice
6.1(c)(iii)(A)
Antitrust Law
Annex A
Applicable Date
Annex A
Book-Entry Shares
2.4(c)(ii)
Burdensome Condition
Annex A
Business Day
Annex A
Cancelled Company Shares
1.6(a)(ii)
Capitalization Date
3.6(a)
Certificate of Merger
1.2
Certificates
2.4(c)(i)
CFIUS
Annex A
CFIUS Clearance
Annex A
CFIUS Turndown
6.3(b)
Change
Annex A
Changes
Annex A
Closing
2.1(a)
Closing Date
2.1(a)
Code
Annex A
Collective Bargaining Agreement
3.19(a)
Combined Company
Annex A
Company
Preamble
Company 401(k) Plan
6.11(a)
Company Balance Sheet
Annex A
Company Balance Sheet Date
Annex A
Company Board
Annex A
Company Board Recommendation
6.1(c)(i)
Company Board Recommendation Change
6.1(c)(i)
Company Capital Stock
Annex A
Company Common Stock
Annex A

vi




Company Disclosure Letter
III
Company Equity Awards
Annex A
Company ESPP
Annex A
Company Intellectual Property Rights
Annex A
Company IT Systems
Annex A
Company Material Adverse Effect
Annex A
Company Options
Annex A
Company Owned Software
Annex A
Company Preferred Stock
Annex A
Company Products
Annex A
Company PSU
Annex A
Company Registered IP
Annex A
Company RSA
Annex A
Company RSU
Annex A
Company SEC Reports
3.8
Company Securities
3.6(c)
Company Stock Plan
Annex A
Company Stockholder Meeting
6.1(b)(i)
Company Stockholders
Annex A
Company Termination Fee
7.3(b)(i)
Competing Acquisition Transaction
7.3(b)(i)
Confidentiality Agreement
8.6
Consent
3.5
Continuation Period
6.11(c)
Continuing Employee
Annex A
Contract
Annex A
Copyright
Annex A
Credit Agreement
6.10
Credit Agreement Payoff Amount
6.10
D&O Insurance
6.9(c)
Debt Financing
6.4(b), 4.12(b)
Debt Financing Sources
4.12(b)
Delaware Law
Annex A
DGCL
Recitals
Dissenting Company Shares
1.6(c)(i)
DOJ
Annex A
DOL
Annex A
dollars
8.2(o)
DPA
Annex A
Effective Time
1.2
Employee
Annex A
Employee Plan
3.18(a)
Employee PSU
1.6(e)(i)
Employee RSA
1.6(f)(i)
Employee RSU
1.6(g)(i)

vii




Employment Agreements
Recitals
Enforceability Limitations
3.2(b)
Environmental Law
Annex A
Environmental Permits
Annex A
Equity Award Conversion Ratio
Annex A
ERISA
Annex A
ERISA Affiliate
Annex A
Exchange Act
Annex A
Exchange Fund
2.4(b)
Export and Sanctions Regulations
Annex A
Facilities Agreement
4.12(b)
FCPA
Annex A
Filed Company Contract
3.12(a)(i)
Final Purchase Period
1.6(h)
FTC
Annex A
GAAP
Annex A
GDPR
Annex A
Government Contract
Annex A
Government Task Order
Annex A
Governmental Authority
Annex A
Guarantor
Preamble
Guarantor Guaranty
8.16(a)
Guarantor Material Adverse Effect
Annex A
Guarantor Ordinary Shares
Annex A
Guarantor Trading Price
Annex A
Hazardous Materials
Annex A
HSR Act
Annex A
Indemnified Persons
6.9(a)
Insurance Policies
3.24
Intellectual Property Rights
Annex A
International Employee Plan
3.18(f)
Intervening Event
Annex A
Intervening Event Notice
6.1(c)(iii)(A)
IRS
Annex A
Knowledge
Annex A
Law
Annex A
Leased Real Property
3.13(b)
Leases
3.13(b)
Legal Proceeding
Annex A
Legal Restraints
2.2(a)(iii)
Licensed Intellectual Property Rights
Annex A
Lien
Annex A
Material Contract
3.12(a)
Materially Detrimental Provision
Annex A
Merger
Recitals

viii




Merger Consideration
Recitals
Merger Sub
Preamble
NASDAQ
Annex A
New Debt Facilities Agreement
6.4(b)
Non-Employee PSU
1.6(e)(ii)
Non-Employee PSU Consideration
1.6(e)(ii)
Non-Employee RSA
1.6(f)(ii)
Non-Employee RSA Consideration
1.6(f)(ii)
Non-Employee RSU
1.6(g)(ii)
Non-Employee RSU Consideration
1.6(g)(ii)
OFAC
Annex A
Open Source Software
Annex A
Option Consideration
1.6(d)
Order
Annex A
Organizational Documents
Annex A
Other Anti-Bribery Laws
Annex A
Other Required Company Filing
6.1(a)(ii)
Other Required Parent Filing
6.1(a)(iii)
Owned Intellectual Property Rights
Annex A
Parent
Preamble
Parent 401(k) Plan
6.11(a)
Parent Benefit Plan
6.11(d)
Parent Disclosure Letter
IV
Parent Material Adverse Effect
Annex A
Parties
Preamble
Party
Preamble
Patents
Annex A
Payment Agent
2.4(a)
Permits
3.20
Permitted Liens
Annex A
Person
Annex A
Personal Information
Annex A
Privacy Laws
Annex A
Privacy Obligations
Annex A
Proposal Amendment Notice
7.1(f), 6.1(c)(ii)(A)
Proxy Statement
6.1(a)(i)
Registered Intellectual Property Rights
Annex A
Regulatory Actions
Annex A
Release
Annex A
Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions
Annex A
Representatives
5.2(a)
Requisite Stockholder Approval
3.3
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Annex A
SEC
Annex A
SEC Clearance Date
6.1(a)(vii)

ix




Securities Act
Annex A
Selected Courts
8.12
Software
Annex A
Source Code Materials
Annex A
Subsidiary
Annex A
Subsidiary Securities
3.7(c)
Superior Proposal
Annex A
Superior Proposal Notice
6.1(c)(ii)(A)
Surviving Corporation.
1.1
Tax
Annex A
Tax Return
Annex A
Termination Date
7.1(b)
Third-Party Data
3.15(k)
Trade Secrets
Annex A
Trademarks
Annex A
Transactions
Recitals
U.S. dollars
8.2(o)
United States
8.2(n)
US Continuing Employees
6.11(d)
Voting Agreements
Recitals
Willful Breach
Annex A

x




AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of June 11, 2019 by and among Dassault Systèmes SE, a societas Europea (European company) organized under the laws of France (“Guarantor”), Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), 3DS Acquisition 6 Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), and Medidata Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). All capitalized terms used in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in Annex A or as otherwise defined elsewhere in this Agreement, unless the context clearly provides otherwise. Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company are each sometimes referred to herein as a “Party” and collectively, as the “Parties.”
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, Parent desires to acquire the Company on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement;
WHEREAS, it is proposed that the Parties wish to effect the acquisition of the Company by Parent through the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (the “Merger”) in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”) and each share of Company Common Stock that is then outstanding (other than Cancelled Company Shares and Dissenting Company Shares) will thereupon be cancelled and converted into the right to receive $92.25 in cash, without interest (the “Merger Consideration”), all upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;
WHEREAS, the Company Board has unanimously (i) determined and declared that this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (the “Transactions”), including the Merger, are advisable, (ii) determined that the terms of this Agreement and the Transactions, including the Merger and Merger Consideration, are fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and the Company Stockholders, (iii) approved and declared advisable the execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the performance by the Company of its covenants and agreements contained herein and the consummation of the Transactions, including the Merger, upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein, (iv) directed that the adoption of this Agreement be submitted to the Company Stockholders for their adoption at the Company Stockholders Meeting and (v) resolved to recommend that the Company Stockholders adopt this Agreement in accordance with the applicable provisions of Law;
WHEREAS, the respective boards of directors of each of Parent and Merger Sub have (i) declared it advisable to enter into this Agreement, and (ii) duly authorized and approved the execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub, respectively, of this Agreement, the performance

1



by Parent and Merger Sub, respectively, of their respective covenants and agreements contained herein and the consummation of the Transactions, including the Merger, upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein;
WHEREAS, the sole stockholder of Merger Sub will promptly approve and adopt this Agreement by written consent following its execution;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, certain executives of the Company have entered into employment agreements (the “Employment Agreements”) with Parent or one of its Affiliates, which letter agreements shall become effective at the Closing and shall be null and void if this Agreement is terminated;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, as a condition and inducement to Parent’s and Merger Sub’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, certain executives of the Company are entering into voting agreements (the “Voting Agreements”) with Parent, pursuant to which, among other things, such Persons have agreed to vote the shares of Company Common Stock beneficially owned by each of them in favor of adoption of this Agreement; and
WHEREAS, the Parties desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions to prescribe certain terms and conditions with respect to the consummation of the Transactions.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein, as well as other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged and accepted, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties agree as follows:
Article I

THE MERGER
1.1      The Merger . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DGCL, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company, the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall thereupon cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation of the Merger and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent. The Company, as the surviving corporation of the Merger, is sometimes referred to herein as the “Surviving Corporation.”
1.2      The Effective Time . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, on the Closing Date, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company shall cause the Merger to

2



be consummated under the DGCL by filing a certificate of merger in such form as required by, and executed in accordance with, the DGCL (the “Certificate of Merger”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the time of such filing and acceptance by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or such later time as may be agreed in writing by Parent, Merger Sub and the Company and specified in the Certificate of Merger, being referred to herein as the “Effective Time”).
1.3      Effect of the Merger . At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger shall be as provided in this Agreement and the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time all of the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
1.4      Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation .
(a)      Certificate of Incorporation . At the Effective Time, subject to the provisions of Section 6.9(a) , the certificate of incorporation of the Company shall be amended and restated to read in its entirety in the form attached hereto as Annex B , and as so amended and restated shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DGCL and such certificate of incorporation.
(b)      Bylaws . At the Effective Time, subject to the provisions of Section 6.9(a) ,the bylaws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall become the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and such bylaws.
1.5      Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation .
(a)      Directors . Subject to applicable Law, at the Effective Time, the directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall become the initial directors of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.
(b)      Officers . Except as otherwise determined by Parent prior to the Effective Time, the officers of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, from and after the Effective Time, become the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until their respective successors are duly appointed or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.

3



1.6      Effect on Capital Stock and Equity Awards .
(a)      Capital Stock . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the Parties, or the holders of any securities of the Company or Merger Sub, the following shall occur:
(i)      Company Common Stock . Subject to Section 1.6(f) , each share of Company Common Stock that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than any Cancelled Company Shares and any Dissenting Company Shares) shall be automatically converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration, payable without interest thereon in cash, net of applicable withholding of Taxes, upon the surrender of the Certificates or Book-Entry Shares, as applicable, in the manner provided in Section 2.4 (or in the case of a lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, upon delivery of an affidavit in the manner provided in Section 2.6 ).
(ii)      Excluded Company Common Stock . Each share of Company Common Stock owned by Parent or the Company, or by any direct or indirect wholly-owned Subsidiary of Parent, Merger Sub or the Company, in each case immediately prior to the Effective Time (“Cancelled Company Shares”), shall be automatically cancelled and cease to exist without any conversion thereof or consideration paid therefor.
(iii)      Capital Stock of Merger Sub . Each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one (1) newly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation with the same rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and shall constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation. Each certificate evidencing ownership of such shares of common stock of Merger Sub shall thereafter evidence ownership of shares of common stock of the Surviving Corporation into which they were converted in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence.
(b)      Adjustment to the Merger Consideration . The Merger Consideration shall be adjusted appropriately to reflect the effect of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into Company Common Stock), reclassification, combination, exchange of shares or other like change with respect to Company Common Stock occurring on or after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time.
(c)      Statutory Rights of Appraisal .
(i)      Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, all shares of Company Common Stock (other than Cancelled Company Shares) that are

4



issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by Company Stockholders of record who shall neither have voted in favor of the adoption of this Agreement nor consented thereto in writing and who shall have properly and validly demanded appraisal of such shares of Company Common Stock in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL and not validly withdrawn such demand (collectively, “Dissenting Company Shares”) shall not be converted into, or represent the right to receive, the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6(a) , but shall be entitled only to such rights as are granted by Section 262 of the DGCL to a holder of Dissenting Company Shares. At the Effective Time, the Dissenting Company Shares shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and cease to exist, and each Company Stockholder who holds Dissenting Company Shares shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive payment of the appraised value of such Dissenting Company Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 262 of the DGCL; provided , however , that all Dissenting Company Shares held by Company Stockholders who shall have failed to timely perfect or who shall have otherwise waived, withdrawn or lost their rights to appraisal of such Dissenting Company Shares under such Section 262 of the DGCL shall no longer be considered to be Dissenting Company Shares and shall thereupon be deemed to have been converted into, and to have become exchangeable for, as of the Effective Time, the right to receive the Merger Consideration without interest thereon, upon surrender of the Certificate or Certificates or Book-Entry Shares that formerly evidenced such shares of Company Common Stock in the manner provided in Section 2.4 .
(ii)      The Company shall give Parent (A) prompt written notice of any demands for appraisal (or written threats thereof) received by the Company, withdrawals of such demands, and any other instruments served pursuant to Delaware Law and received by the Company in respect of Dissenting Company Shares and (B) the opportunity to participate in and direct all negotiations and proceedings with respect to demands for appraisal under Delaware Law in respect of Dissenting Company Shares. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, make any payment with respect to any demands for appraisal, or settle or compromise or offer to settle or compromise any such demands for payment, in respect of Dissenting Company Shares.
(d)      Company Options . At the Effective Time, each Company Option that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (whether or not vested) shall automatically be cancelled in exchange for the right to receive a cash payment, without interest, equal to the product of (i) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock then covered by such Company Option multiplied by (ii) the excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration over the exercise price per share under such Company Option (the “Option Consideration”). If the exercise price per share under a Company Option is equal to or greater than the Merger Consideration, such Company Option shall be cancelled immediately prior to the Effective Time for no consideration. The Surviving

5



Corporation shall, and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, pay through the payroll of the Surviving Corporation (to the extent applicable) to each holder of a Company Option the Option Consideration (if any), less any required withholding Taxes, within two (2) Business Days following the Effective Time.
(e)      Company PSUs .  
(i)      At the Effective Time, each Company PSU that is held by an Employee and that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and except as set forth on Section 1.6(e)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter (each, an “Employee PSU”) shall be assumed and converted into a restricted stock unit (each, an “Adjusted Employee PSU”) with the same terms and conditions (including with respect to the remaining term and vesting schedule) as were applicable to such Employee PSU immediately prior to the Effective Time (except that the performance-based vesting conditions applicable to such Employee PSU immediately prior to the Effective Time shall not apply from and after the Effective Time), and relating to a number of Guarantor Ordinary Shares equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Employee PSU immediately prior to the Effective Time based on the attainment of the applicable performance metrics (x) for those Employee PSUs that vest based on performance metrics related to total stockholder return, at the actual level of performance through the Effective Time, as determined in good faith and consistent with past practice by the Company Board or a committee thereof, (y) for those Employee PSUs that vest based on performance metrics related to data science, at the greater of the actual level of performance through the Effective Time (if calculable), as determined in good faith and consistent with past practice by the Company Board or a committee thereof, or the target level of performance, and (z) for each other Employee PSU, at the target level of performance, multiplied by (ii) the Equity Award Conversion Ratio, with any fractional shares rounded to the nearest whole number of shares.
(ii)      At the Effective Time, each Company PSU that is not an Employee PSU and that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (each, a “Non-Employee PSU”) shall be canceled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash, without interest, equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Non-Employee PSU immediately prior to the Effective Time based on the attainment of the applicable performance metrics (x) for those Non-Employee PSUs that vest based on performance metrics related to total stockholder return, at the actual level of performance through the Effective Time, as determined in good faith and consistent with past practice by the Company Board or a committee thereof, (y) for those Non-Employee PSUs that vest based on performance metrics related to data science, at the greater of the actual level of performance through the Effective Time (if calculable), as determined in good faith and consistent with past practice by the Company Board or a committee thereof, or the target

6



level of performance, and (z) for each other Non-Employee PSU, at the target level of performance, multiplied by (ii) the Merger Consideration (the “Non-Employee PSU Consideration”). The Surviving Corporation shall, and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, pay through the payroll of the Surviving Corporation (to the extent applicable) to each holder of a Non-Employee PSU the Non-Employee PSU Consideration, less any required withholding Taxes, within two (2) Business Days following the Effective Time; provided, that to the extent payment within such time or on such date would trigger a Tax or penalty under Section 409A of the Code, such payments shall be made on the earliest date that payment would not trigger such Tax or penalty.
(f)      Company RSAs .
(i)      At the Effective Time, each Company RSA that is held by an Employee and that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and except as set forth on Section 1.6(f)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter (each, an “Employee RSA”) shall be assumed by Guarantor and converted into a restricted stock unit (each, an “Adjusted Employee RSA”) relating to a number of Guarantor Ordinary Shares equal to the product of (i) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Employee RSA immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (ii) the Equity Award Conversion Ratio, with any fractional shares rounded to the nearest whole number of shares. Any accrued but unpaid dividends with respect to any Employee RSA will be assumed and become an obligation with respect to the applicable Adjusted Employee RSA. The Adjusted Employee RSAs shall include the right to accrue dividend equivalents, and the other terms and conditions of such Adjusted Employee RSAs shall be substantially the same as the terms and conditions (including with respect to the remaining term and vesting schedule) applicable to the Employee RSAs immediately prior to the Effective Time except to the extent necessary to reflect the fact that the Adjusted Employee RSAs are not issued and outstanding Guarantor Ordinary Shares.
(ii)      At the Effective Time, each Company RSA that is not an Employee RSA and that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (each, a “Non-Employee RSA”) shall automatically become fully vested and shall be cancelled and converted into the right to receive a cash payment equal to the Merger Consideration (the “Non-Employee RSA Consideration”) in accordance with Section 1.6(a)(i) , less any required withholding taxes.
(g)      Company RSUs .  
(i)      At the Effective Time, each Company RSU that is held by an Employee and that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time except as set forth

7



on Section 1.6(g)(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter (each, an “Employee RSU”) shall be assumed by Guarantor and converted into a restricted stock unit (each, an “Adjusted Employee RSU”) with the same terms and conditions (including with respect to the remaining term and vesting schedule) as were applicable to such Employee RSU immediately prior to the Effective Time, and relating to a number of Guarantor Ordinary Shares equal to the product of (i) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Employee RSU immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (ii) the Equity Award Conversion Ratio, with any fractional shares rounded to the nearest whole number of shares.
(ii)      At the Effective Time, each Company RSU that is not an Employee RSU and that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (each, a “Non-Employee RSU”) shall automatically become fully vested and shall be cancelled and converted into the right to receive a cash payment, without interest, equal to the product of (i) the Merger Consideration multiplied by (ii) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company RSU (the “Non-Employee RSU Consideration”). The Surviving Corporation shall, and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, pay through the payroll of the Surviving Corporation (to the extent applicable) to each holder of a Non-Employee RSU the Non-Employee RSU Consideration, less any required withholding Taxes, within two (2) Business Days following the Effective Time; provided, that to the extent payment within such time or on such date would trigger a Tax or penalty under Section 409A of the Code, such payments shall be made on the earliest date that payment would not trigger such Tax or penalty.
(h)      Employee Stock Purchase Plan . As soon as practicable following the date of this Agreement, the Company Board or the appropriate committee of the Company Board shall take all reasonable actions, including the adoption of any necessary resolutions, to (i) ensure that no employees (who are not currently participants) will become participants in the Company ESPP after the date of this Agreement; (ii) cause the Purchase Period (as defined in the Company ESPP) in effect as of the date of this Agreement to be the final Purchase Period (the “Final Purchase Period”) and provide that no new Purchase Periods commence after the date of this Agreement; and (iii) prohibit current participants in the Company ESPP from altering their payroll deduction elections (other than to discontinue their participation in and withdraw their accumulated contributions from the Company ESPP) after the date of this Agreement or to make separate non-payroll contributions to the Company ESPP. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall take all action that may be necessary to, effective upon the consummation of the Merger, (A) cause the Final Purchase Period, to the extent that it would otherwise be outstanding at the Effective Time, to be terminated no later than ten (10) Business Days prior to the date on which the Effective Time occurs; (B) make any pro rata adjustments that may be necessary to reflect the Final Purchase Period, but otherwise treat the Final Purchase Period as a fully effective and completed Purchase Period for all purposes

8



pursuant to the Company ESPP; and (C) cause the exercise (as of no later than ten (10) Business Days prior to the date on which the Effective Time occurs) of each outstanding purchase right pursuant to the Company ESPP. On such exercise date, the Company shall apply the funds credited as of such date pursuant to the Company ESPP within each participant’s payroll withholding account to the purchase of whole shares of Company Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the Company ESPP, and such shares shall be entitled to the Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 1.6(a)(i) . Immediately prior to and effective as of the Effective Time (but subject to the consummation of the Merger), the Company shall terminate the Company ESPP.
(i)      Implementation; Cooperation .  
(i)      Company Board Approval . The Company Board or a duly authorized committee thereof shall adopt such resolutions as shall be necessary to effectuate the provisions of this Section 1.6 with respect to the Company Stock Plans and Company Options, Company PSUs, Company RSAs and Company RSUs granted thereunder, and the Company ESPP. Subject, and in addition, to the foregoing, as of the date of this Agreement, the Company Board or a committee thereof shall have adopted resolutions (A) approving the treatment of the Company Equity Awards and the treatment of the Company ESPP in accordance with this Section 1.6 ; (B) determining that the Adjusted Employee PSUs, Adjusted Employee RSAs, and Adjusted Employee RSUs are “economically equivalent” (within the meaning of the Stock Plans and the applicable award agreements thereunder) to the applicable Employee PSUs, Employee RSAs and Employee RSUs; and (C) assuming Guarantor takes such actions as may be necessary or required under the first sentence of Section 1.6(i)(ii) , determining that the Guarantor Ordinary Shares underlying the Adjusted PSUs are “freely tradable” (within the meaning of the Stock Plans and applicable award agreements thereunder). With respect to the Company PSUs, the Company shall make the determination of performance no later than twenty (20) days prior to Closing. Such determination of performance shall be made on the basis of the most recently completed month, or if not practical, the immediately preceding month. The Company shall have provided Guarantor and Parent with drafts of, and a reasonable opportunity to comment upon, all such resolutions prior to adoption by the Company Board or a committee thereof. No later than five (5) Business Days prior to the date that the Company provides its calculations as to the achievement of the performance metrics applicable to the Employee PSUs and Non-Employee PSUs to the Company Board or a committee thereof, the Company shall provide such calculations to Guarantor and Parent. The Company shall consider in good faith any reasonable comments or adjustments to such calculations by Guarantor and/or Parent prior to providing such calculations to the Company Board or a committee thereof. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, with respect to the Company Equity Awards held by individuals subject to Taxes imposed by the Laws of a country other than the United

9



States, the Parties and Guarantor shall cooperate in good faith prior to the Effective Time to minimize the Tax impact of the provisions set forth in Sections 1.6(d)-(h) .
(ii)      Guarantor Actions . Guarantor shall take any and all actions necessary or required, including under the rules and regulations of the Securities Act, the French financial markets authority ( Autorité des marchés financiers ) and Euronext Paris, prior to such time as Guarantor Ordinary Shares are issued/attributed in respect of the vesting and/or exercise of any Adjusted Award to (A) (x) register the Adjusted Employee PSUs, the Adjusted Employee RSAs, and the Adjusted Employee RSUs (the “Adjusted Awards”) and the Guarantor Ordinary Shares underlying the Adjusted Awards under the Securities Act and any other applicable securities Laws or (y) cause the issuance of the Adjusted Awards and the Guarantor Ordinary Shares underlying the Adjusted Awards to qualify under an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and any other applicable securities Laws, and shall take any and all actions necessary so that any Guarantor Ordinary Shares issuable on the vesting and/or exercise of the Adjusted Awards are listed on the Euronext Paris (and on such other securities exchange upon which the Guarantor Ordinary Shares may at the time be traded), (B) maintain the effective registration or ensure the continuing applicability of the relevant registration exemption of the Adjusted Awards and the Guarantor Ordinary Shares underlying the Adjusted Awards, as the case may be, under the Securities Act and any other applicable securities laws such that the same are freely saleable upon issuance without restriction pursuant to Rule 904 of Regulation S, or such other exemption from registration under the Securities Act as may be applicable, on the Euronext Paris, and (C) validly reserve that number of Guarantor Ordinary Shares issuable/attributable upon the vesting and/or exercise of the Adjusted Awards. As soon as administratively practicable following the Effective Time, Guarantor shall cause the Surviving Corporation to enter into an agreement with Guarantor whereby (i) the Surviving Corporation shall assume all economic liabilities associated with the Adjusted Awards; (ii) the Surviving Corporation shall notify Guarantor of (x) the vesting of the applicable Adjusted Awards, (y) the corresponding number of Guarantor Ordinary Shares to be delivered in respect of such Adjusted Awards, and (z) the employee portion of the applicable withholding Taxes attributable to the settlement of the Adjusted Awards; (iii) following the notification contemplated by clause (ii), Guarantor shall deliver to the holder of the applicable Adjusted Awards the net number of Guarantor Ordinary Shares acquired by Guarantor; and (iv) concurrent with the action in clause (iii), the Surviving Corporation shall deliver through its payroll system to the holder of the applicable Adjusted Awards (x) an amount in cash equal to any fractional shares and (y) an amount in cash equal to any accrued but unpaid dividends in respect of the Adjusted Employee RSAs. To the extent that Adjusted Awards cannot be issued in compliance with any applicable securities Laws to the holders of the Employee PSUs, Employee RSAs and Employee RSUs in certain jurisdictions as

10



contemplated by the provisions of Section 1.6 , Guarantor shall, or shall cause Parent to, pay an amount of cash or issue or grant an award in compliance with any applicable securities Laws to such holders of economically equivalent value and, if applicable, the same vesting schedule, as such employee would have received in accordance with the provisions of Section 1.6 .
(iii)      Payment . At or prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall, to the extent such payments cannot be satisfied with cash resources held by the Company and its Subsidiaries at the Effective Time, deposit (or cause to be deposited) with the Company, by wire transfer of immediately available funds, an amount equal to the sum of (A) the Option Consideration, (B) the Non-Employee PSU Consideration, (C) the Non-Employee RSA Consideration and (D) the Non-Employee RSU Consideration.
ARTICLE II     

THE CLOSING
2.1      The Closing .
(a)      Closing Date and Location . The consummation of the Merger shall take place at a closing (the “Closing”) to occur at the offices of Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP, 1301 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10019, on a date and at a time to be agreed upon by Parent and the Company, which date shall be no later than the fifth (5th) Business Day after the satisfaction or waiver (to the extent permitted hereunder and by applicable Law) of the last to be satisfied or waived (to the extent permitted hereunder and by applicable Law) of the conditions set forth in Section 2.2 (other than those conditions that, by their nature, are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction (or waiver, if permitted hereunder and by applicable Law) of those conditions), by electronic exchange of the applicable closing deliverables, or at such other location, date and time as Parent, Merger Sub and the Company shall mutually agree upon in writing. The date upon which the Closing shall actually occur pursuant hereto is referred to herein as the “Closing Date.”
2.2      Conditions to the Closing . The respective obligations of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company to consummate the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver (where permissible hereunder and under applicable Law) at or prior to the Effective Time, of each of the following conditions:
(a)      Mutual Conditions to Closing . The respective obligations of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company to consummate the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver

11



(where permissible hereunder and under applicable Law) at or prior to the Effective Time, of each of the following conditions:
(i)      Requisite Stockholder Approval . The Requisite Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained.
(ii)      Requisite Regulatory Approvals . (A) All waiting periods (and extensions thereof) applicable to the Merger under the HSR Act shall have expired or been terminated and (B) all antitrust, competition and merger control consents and other consents of Governmental Authorities in the jurisdictions set forth in Section 2.2(a)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter shall have been received (or been deemed to have been received by virtue of the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period).
(iii)      No Legal Prohibition . No Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction in any Relevant Antitrust Jurisdiction shall have (i) enacted, issued or promulgated any Law that is in effect and has the effect of making the Merger illegal in any of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions or which has the effect of prohibiting or otherwise preventing the consummation of the Merger in any of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions, (ii) issued, entered or granted any Order that is in effect and has the effect of making the Merger illegal in any of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions or which has the effect of enjoining, prohibiting or otherwise preventing the consummation of the Merger in any of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions (clauses (i) and (ii), collectively “Legal Restraints”) or (iii) instituted any Legal Proceeding (which remains pending at what would otherwise be the Closing Date) before any Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction seeking to temporarily or permanently impose a Legal Restraint in any of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions.
(iv)      CFIUS . CFIUS Clearance shall have been obtained.
(b)      Additional Parent and Merger Sub Conditions . The obligations of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the Merger shall be further subject to the satisfaction or waiver of each of the following conditions at or prior to the Closing, any of which may be waived exclusively by Parent and Merger Sub:
(i)      Compliance with Agreements and Covenants . The Company shall have performed or complied in all material respects with all agreements, covenants and other obligations required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by it at or prior to the Closing Date.
(ii)      Accuracy of Representations and Warranties .

12



(A)      The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Sections 3.1 (Organization; Good Standing), 3.2 (Corporate Power; Enforceability) and 3.3 (Requisite Stockholder Approval) (i) shall have been true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement, and (ii) shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except in each case for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct in all respects as of such particular date).
(B)      The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 3.11(a)(ii) (Absence of Certain Changes) (i) shall have been true and correct in all respects as of the date of this Agreement, and (ii) shall be true and correct in all respects on and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except in each case for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct in all respects as of such particular date).
(C)      The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 3.6 (Company Capitalization) and 3.26 (Brokers) (i) shall have been true and correct as of the date of this Agreement, and (ii) shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except, in the case of the preceding clauses (i) and (ii), for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct as of such particular date), and except in each case for deminimis inaccuracies.
(D)      The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement (other than the representations and warranties of the Company specified in Sections 2.2(b)(ii)(A) , 2.2(b)(ii)(B) and 2.2(b)(ii)(C) ) shall have been true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except (i) for any failure to be so true and correct which has not had, and would not have, a Company Material Adverse Effect, and (ii) for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct as of such particular date, except for any failure to be so true and correct as of such date which has not had, and would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect); provided, however , that for purposes of determining the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement for purposes of this Section 2.2(b)(ii)(D) , all qualifications based on a “Company Material Adverse Effect” and all materiality qualifications and other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases (but not dollar thresholds) contained in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded.

13



(iii)      No Company Material Adverse Effect . Since the date hereof, there shall not have occurred or arisen any Company Material Adverse Effect that is continuing.
(iv)      Receipt of Officers’ Certificate . Parent and Merger Sub shall have received a certificate, signed for and on behalf of the Company by the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer of the Company, certifying the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in this Section 2.2(b) .
(v)      Regulatory Action . No Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction in any Relevant Antitrust Jurisdiction shall have imposed any Burdensome Condition.
(c)      Additional Company Conditions . The obligations of the Company to consummate the Merger shall be further subject to the satisfaction or waiver of each of the following conditions prior to or at the Closing, any of which may be waived exclusively by the Company:
(i)      Compliance with Agreements and Covenants . Parent and Merger Sub shall have performed or complied in all material respects with all agreements, covenants and obligations required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by each of them at or prior to the Closing Date.
(ii)      Accuracy of Representations and Warranties . (A) The representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement shall have been true and correct in all respects as of the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except (i) for any failure to be so true and correct which has not had, and would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, and (ii) for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct as of such particular date, except for any failure to be so true and correct as of such date which has not had, and would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect) and (B) the representations and warranties of Guarantor set forth in this Agreement shall have been true and correct in all respects as of the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date, except (i) for any failure to be so true and correct which has not had, and would not have a Guarantor Material Adverse Effect, and (ii) for those representations and warranties which address matters only as of a particular date (which representations shall have been true and correct as of such particular date, except for any failure to be so true and correct as of such date which has not had, and would not have a Guarantor Material Adverse Effect); provided, however, that for purposes of determining the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub set forth in this

14



Agreement for purposes of this Section 2.2(c)(ii) , all materiality qualifications and other qualifications based on the word “material” or similar phrases contained in such representations and warranties shall be disregarded.
(iii)      Receipt of Officers’ Certificate . The Company shall have received a certificate, signed for and on behalf of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub by a duly authorized officer of each of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub, certifying the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in this Section 2.2(c) .
2.3      Actions to be Taken at the Closing .
(a)      Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, at or prior to the Effective Time, the Parties shall:
(i)      cause the Certificate of Merger to be duly executed and properly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as provided under the DGCL in accordance with Section 1.2 ; and
(ii)      make any and all other filings, records or publications required to be made by the Parties under the DGCL in connection with the Merger in accordance with Section 1.2 .
(b)      Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, at or prior to the Effective Time:
(i)      Guarantor or Parent shall deposit, or cause to be deposited, with the Payment Agent, the cash sufficient to pay the aggregate Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 2.4 ; and
(ii)      Parent and Merger Sub shall deliver the certificates required under Section 2.2(c)(iii) ;
(c)      Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, at or prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall:
(i)      Adopt resolutions in accordance with Section 3.2(c) ;
(ii)      no later than five (5) Business Days prior to Closing, deliver a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by an executive officer of the Company certifying as true, as of such date, the number of outstanding (i) shares of Company Common Stock, (ii) Company Options, (iii) Company PSUs, (iv) Company RSAs and (v) Company RSUs; and
(iii)      deliver the certificate required under Section 2.2(b)(iv) .
2.4      Exchange of Certificates .
(a)      Payment Agent . Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall select a bank or trust company to act as the paying agent (the identity and terms of designation and appointment of which shall be reasonably acceptable to the Company) for purposes of effecting the payment of the Merger Consideration in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (the “Payment Agent”). The Payment Agent shall also act as the agent for the Company Stockholders for the purpose of receiving and holding their Certificates and Book-Entry Shares and shall obtain no rights or interests in the shares represented thereby. Parent shall pay, or cause to be paid, the fees and expenses of the Payment Agent.
(b)      Exchange Fund . On the Closing Date, Guarantor or Parent shall deposit (or cause to be deposited) with the Payment Agent, for payment to the Company Stockholders pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, an amount of cash sufficient to pay the aggregate Merger Consideration to which Company Stockholders become entitled to at the Effective Time under Article I . Until disbursed in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, such funds shall be invested by the Payment Agent, as directed by Parent or the Surviving Corporation, in (i) obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America or obligations of an agency of the United States of America which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America or (ii) commercial paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or better by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor’s Corporation (such cash amount being referred to herein as the “Exchange Fund”). Any interest and other income resulting from such investments shall be paid to Parent. To the extent that there are any losses with respect to any investments of the Exchange Fund, or the Exchange Fund diminishes for any reason below the level required for the Payment Agent to promptly pay the aggregate Merger Consideration, Guarantor or Parent shall, or shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, promptly replace or restore the cash in the Exchange Fund so as to ensure that the Exchange Fund is at all times maintained at a level sufficient for the Payment Agent to pay the aggregate Merger Consideration. Any portion of the Merger Consideration made available to the Payment Agent pursuant to this Section 2.4(b) to pay for shares of Company Common Stock for which appraisal rights have been properly perfected and not waived, withdrawn or lost shall be returned to Parent, upon demand.

15



(c)      Payment Procedures .
(i)      Company Common Stock Certificates . Promptly following the Effective Time (and in no event later than five (5) Business Days after the Effective Time), Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall cause the Payment Agent to mail to each Person that was immediately prior to the Effective Time a holder of record of Company Common Stock represented by a certificate or certificates (the “Certificates”) which shares of Company Common Stock were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6 , (A) a letter of transmittal which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof and, if required by Parent or Payment Agent, an indemnity bond) to the Payment Agent, which shall be in such form as the Company, Parent and the Payment Agent shall reasonably agree, and (B) instructions for effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for the Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Upon surrender of a Certificate (or an affidavit of loss in lieu thereof and, if required by Parent or Payment Agent, an indemnity bond) for cancellation to the Payment Agent or to such other agent or agents as may be appointed by Parent, together with such letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, and such other documents as may be required, the holders of such Certificates shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor an amount in cash equal to the product obtained by multiplying (x) the aggregate number of shares of Company Common Stock represented by such Certificate that were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6 , by (y) the Merger Consideration (less any applicable withholding taxes payable in respect thereof), and the Certificates so surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. The Payment Agent shall accept such Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu thereof and, if required by Parent, an indemnity bond) upon compliance with such reasonable terms and conditions as the Payment Agent may impose to effect an orderly exchange thereof in accordance with normal exchange practices. If payment of the Merger Consideration is to be made to a Person other than the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate is registered, it shall be a condition precedent of payment that (x) the Certificate so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or shall be otherwise in proper form for transfer and (y) the Person requesting such payment shall have paid any transfer and other similar Taxes required by reason of the payment of the Merger Consideration to a Person other than the registered holder of the Certificate surrendered or shall have established to the satisfaction of Parent that such Tax either has been paid or is not required to be paid.
(ii)      Book-Entry Shares . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, no holder of non-certificated Company Common Stock represented by book entry (“Book-Entry Shares”) shall be required to deliver a Certificate

16



or, in the case of holders of Book-Entry Shares held through the Depository Trust Company, an executed letter of transmittal to the Payment Agent to receive the Merger Consideration that such holder is entitled to receive pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. In lieu thereof, each holder of record of one or more Book-Entry Shares held through the Depository Trust Company whose shares of Company Common Stock were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6 shall, upon receipt of an “agent’s message” by the Payment Agent (or such other evidence, if any, of transfer as the Payment Agent may reasonably request), be entitled to receive in respect of each such Book-Entry Shares, an amount in cash equal to the product obtained by multiplying (x) the aggregate number of Book-Entry Shares that were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6 , by (y) the Merger Consideration (less any applicable withholding taxes payable in respect thereof), and such Book-Entry Shares of such holder shall forthwith be cancelled. As reasonably promptly as practicable after the Effective Time (and in no event later than five (5) Business Days after the Effective Time), the Surviving Corporation shall cause the Payment Agent to deliver to each Person that was, immediately prior to the Effective Time, a holder of record of Book-Entry Shares not held through the Depository Trust Company: (i) a letter of transmittal (which shall be in such form as the Company, Parent and the Payment Agent shall reasonably agree) which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Book-Entry Shares shall pass, only upon receipt of an “agent’s message” regarding the book-entry transfer of the Book-Entry Shares by the Payment Agent; and (ii) instructions for the surrender of such Book-Entry Shares in exchange for the Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. Upon receipt of an “agent’s message” by the Payment Agent (or such other evidence, if any, of transfer as the Payment Agent may reasonably request), the holder of such Book-Entry Shares shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor an amount in cash equal to the product obtained by multiplying (x) the aggregate number of Book-Entry Shares that were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.6 , by (y) the Merger Consideration (less any applicable withholding taxes payable in respect thereof), and such Book-Entry Shares of such holder shall forthwith be cancelled. Payment of the Merger Consideration with respect to Book-Entry Shares shall only be made to the Person in whose name such Book-Entry Shares are registered.
(iii)      No Interest . No interest shall be paid or accrued for the benefit of holders of the Certificates or Book-Entry Shares on the Merger Consideration payable upon the surrender of such Certificates or in respect of any Book-Entry Shares pursuant to this Section 2.4 .
(d)      Required Withholding . Each of the Company, Payment Agent, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any cash amounts payable pursuant to this Agreement to any Person such amounts as are required to be deducted or withheld

17



therefrom under applicable Tax Laws. To the extent that such amounts are so deducted, withheld and remitted to the applicable Governmental Authority or other Person in accordance with applicable Law, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes under this Agreement as having been paid to the Person to whom such amounts would otherwise have been paid. Parent, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Payment Agent, as the case may be, shall timely remit to the appropriate Governmental Authority any and all amounts so deducted or withheld.
(e)      No Liability . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, none of the Payment Agent, Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation nor any other Party shall be liable to any Person for any amount properly paid to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law.
(f)      Distribution of Exchange Fund to Parent . Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to the holders of the Certificates or Book-Entry Shares on the date that is twelve (12) months after the Effective Time shall be delivered by the Payment Agent to Parent upon demand, and any holders of shares of Company Common Stock that were issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Merger who have not theretofore surrendered their Certificates or Book-Entry Shares representing such shares of Company Common Stock for exchange pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.4 shall thereafter look for payment of the Merger Consideration payable in respect of the shares of Company Common Stock represented by such Certificates or Book-Entry Shares solely to Parent and the Surviving Corporation, as general creditors thereof, for any claim to the applicable Merger Consideration to which such holders may be entitled pursuant to the provisions of Article I .
2.5      Transfer Books; No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock . From and after the Effective Time, all shares of Company Common Stock shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled, retired and cease to exist, and each holder of a Certificate or Book-Entry Shares theretofore representing any shares of Company Common Stock shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except as otherwise provided for herein or by applicable Law. The Merger Consideration paid in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such shares of the Company Common Stock. From and after the Effective Time, the stock transfer books or ledger of the Company shall be closed and thereafter there shall be no further registration of transfers on the records of the Surviving Corporation of shares of Company Common Stock that were issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates or Book-Entry Shares are presented to the Surviving Corporation for any reason, they shall be cancelled and exchanged as provided herein, subject, in the case of the Dissenting Company Shares, to applicable Law.
2.6      Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates . In the event that any Certificates shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, the Payment Agent shall issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or

18



destroyed Certificates, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the holder thereof, the Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof pursuant to Section 2.4 ; provided that Parent or the Payment Agent may, in its discretion and as condition to the payment of such Merger Consideration, require the owners of such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificates to deliver a bond in such customary amount and upon such customary terms as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Payment Agent with respect to the Certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
2.7      Necessary Further Actions . If, at any time after the Effective Time, any further action is necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement and to vest the Surviving Corporation with full right, title and possession to all assets, property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub, the directors and officers of the Surviving Corporation are fully authorized in the name and on behalf of the Company to take all such lawful and necessary action.
ARTICLE III     

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
Except (i) as disclosed in the letter delivered by the Company to Parent on the date of this Agreement (the “Company Disclosure Letter”), or (ii) as disclosed in any Company SEC Reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the Company at least two (2) Business Days prior to the date hereof (including any exhibits and other information referenced in the Company SEC Reports which are publicly available on EDGAR, but excluding any predictive, cautionary or forward looking disclosures contained or referenced therein under the captions “Risk Factors,” “forward looking statements” or any similar precautionary sections and any other disclosures contained or referenced therein of information, factors or risks that are predictive, cautionary or forward-looking in nature) (it being understood that this clause (ii) shall not apply to Section 3.1 , Section 3.2 , Section 3.4 , Section 3.5 or Section 3.6 ), the Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as follows:
3.1      Organization; Good Standing . The Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under Delaware Law, and has the requisite corporate power and authority to conduct its business as it is presently being conducted and to own, lease or operate its properties and assets. The Company is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the properties or assets owned, operated or leased by it, the nature of its activities and the conduct of its business make such qualification necessary (to the extent the “good standing” concept is applicable in the case of any jurisdiction outside the United States), except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company (i) is not in violation of its certificate of incorporation or bylaws and (ii) has

19



made available to Parent copies of its Organizational Documents, each as amended, restated or amended and restated prior to the date of this Agreement and as made available to Parent, is in full force and effect.
3.2      Corporate Power; Enforceability .
(a)      The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its covenants and obligations hereunder and to consummate the Transactions, subject in the case of the Merger, to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval. The execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the performance by the Company of its covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by the Company of the Transactions have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, and no additional corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the performance by the Company of its covenants and obligations hereunder or the consummation of the Transactions, other than in the case of the Merger obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval.
(b)      This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except that such enforceability (i) may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar Laws affecting or relating to creditors’ rights generally, and (ii) is subject to general principles of equity (the “Enforceability Limitations”).
(c)      At a meeting duly called and held prior to the execution of this Agreement, the Company Board unanimously (i) determined and declared that this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, are advisable, (ii) determined that the terms of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger and Merger Consideration, are fair to and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, (iii) approved and declared advisable the execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the performance by the Company of its covenants and agreements contained herein and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein (iv) assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 4.6 , took all actions necessary so that Section 203 of the DGCL will not apply with respect to or as a result of the Merger, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, (v) directed that the adoption of this Agreement be submitted to a vote of the Company Stockholders for their adoption at the Company Stockholder Meeting and (vi) resolved to recommend that the Company Stockholders adopt this Agreement in accordance with the applicable provisions of Law.
3.3      Requisite Stockholder Approval . Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 4.6 , the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Company Common Stock entitled to vote at a meeting of the Company Stockholders called to consider the Merger (the “Requisite Stockholder Approval”) is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of Company Capital Stock necessary (under applicable Law and the Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws) to approve or adopt this Agreement and consummate the Transactions, including the Merger.

20



3.4      Non-Contravention . The execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the performance by the Company of its covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by the Company of the Transactions do not and will not (a) violate or conflict with any provision of the Organizational Documents of the Company, (b) subject to obtaining such Consents set forth in Section 3.4 of the Company Disclosure Letter, violate, conflict with, or result in the breach of or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or result in the termination of, or accelerate the performance required by, or result in a right of termination (or loss of any benefit) or acceleration under, any Material Contract or Lease, (c) assuming the Consents referred to in Section 3.5 are obtained or made, violate or conflict with any Law or Order applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which any of their properties, assets, business or operations are bound, or (d) result in the creation of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) upon any of the properties, rights or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except in the case of each of clauses (b), (c) and (d) above, as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
3.5      Required Governmental Approvals . No consent, approval, Order or authorization of, filing or registration with, or notification to (any of the foregoing being referred to herein as a “Consent”), any Governmental Authority is required on the part of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company in connection with the execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement, the performance by the Company of its covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by the Company of the Transactions, except (a) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and such filings with Governmental Authorities to satisfy the applicable Laws of states in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are qualified to do business, (b) such filings and approvals as may be required by any federal or state securities Laws, including compliance with any applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, (c) Consents required under, and compliance with any other applicable requirements of the HSR Act and the Antitrust Laws of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions, (d) filing with CFIUS related to obtaining CFIUS Clearance and (e) such other Consents, the failure of which to obtain would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
3.6      Company Capitalization .
(a)      The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i) 200,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock, and (ii) 5,000,000 shares of Company Preferred Stock. As of the close of business in New York, New York on June 7, 2019 (such time and date, the “Capitalization Date”): (A) 62,307,638 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding (which includes 2,196,930 shares of Company Common Stock subject to Company RSAs), (B) no shares of Company Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, and (C) 5,243,444 shares of Company Common Stock were held by the Company as treasury shares. All outstanding shares of Company Common Stock are, and all of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock reserved for

21



issuance with respect to the Company Stock Plans, when issued in accordance with the respective terms thereof will be, validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable and free of any preemptive rights. Since the Capitalization Date, the Company has not issued or repurchased any shares of its capital stock, voting or equity interests or any securities convertible into or exercisable into any shares of its capital stock, voting or equity interests, other than repurchases pursuant to the Company Stock Plans in the ordinary course of business or issuances as part of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan in accordance with their respective terms.
(b)      As of the Capitalization Date, there were 4,652,291 shares of Company Common Stock reserved for future issuance under the Company Stock Plans and 840,558 shares of Company Common Stock reserved for future issuance under the Company ESPP. As of the Capitalization Date, there were (i) outstanding Company Options to purchase 963,357 shares of Company Common Stock, (ii) 819,140 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for settlement of outstanding Company PSUs (assuming target level of achievement), (iii) 22,047 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for settlement of outstanding Company RSUs (including the Company RSUs granted to Chinese employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries to be settled in cash), and (iv) an estimated 150,000 shares expected to be purchased by participants under the Company ESPP on June 30, 2019. Section 3.6(b) (i) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth, with respect to each outstanding Company Option as of the Capitalization Date, the name of the holder of such Company Option, the number of shares of Company Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of such Company Option, the exercise price of such Company Option, the expiration date of such Company Option, the date on which such Company Option was granted, the vesting schedule for such Company Option (including an indication as to whether any acceleration provisions or any performance based vesting conditions exist with respect thereto), the Company Stock Plan under which such Company Option was granted, whether such Company Option is intended to qualify as an incentive stock option as defined in Section 422 of the Code, and the country of residency of the applicable holder. Section 3.6(b) (ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth, with respect to each outstanding Company PSU, RSA and RSU as of the Capitalization Date, the name of the holder of such award, the number of shares of Company Common Stock initially subject to such award (including at target and maximum levels, as applicable), the date of grant of such award, the Company Stock Plan under which such Company Equity Award was granted, the applicable vesting and/or settlement schedule (including an indication as to whether any acceleration provisions exist with respect thereto), and the country of residency of the applicable holder.
(c)      Except as set forth in this Section 3.6 , as of the Capitalization Date, there are (i) no outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, the Company, (ii)  no outstanding securities of the Company convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, the Company, (iii)  no outstanding options, warrants or other rights to acquire from the Company, or that obligate the Company to issue, any capital

22



stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, the Company, (iv) no obligations of the Company to grant, extend or enter into any subscription, warrant, right, convertible or exchangeable security or other similar Contract relating to any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest (including any voting debt) in, the Company (the items in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), together with the capital stock of the Company, being referred to collectively as “Company Securities”) and (v) no other obligations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make any payments based on the price or value of any Company Securities. Except as provided under the terms of the Company Stock Plans, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contract that obligates the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, transfer, exchange, register, repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or to sell any Company Securities.
(d)      The Company is not a party to any Contract relating to the voting of, requiring registration of, or granting any preemptive rights, anti-dilutive rights or rights of first refusal or other similar rights with respect to any securities of the Company.
(e)      Except for the capital stock and voting securities of, and other equity interests in the Subsidiaries of the Company, the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or voting securities of, or other equity interests in, or any interest convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, any capital stock or voting securities of, or other equity interests in, any Person.
3.7      Subsidiaries .
(a)      Section 3.7(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a complete and accurate list, as of the date hereof, of the name, jurisdiction of organization, capitalization and schedule of stockholders of each Subsidiary of the Company. Each of the Company’s Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its respective organization (to the extent the “good standing” concept is applicable in the case of any such jurisdiction, including those outside the United States), except where the failure to be in good standing would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Company’s Subsidiaries has the requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its respective business as it is presently being conducted and to own, lease or operate its respective properties and assets, except where the failure to have such power or authority would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Company’s Subsidiaries is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the properties or assets owned, operated or leased by it or the nature of its activities and the conduct of its business make such qualification necessary (to the extent the “good standing” concept is applicable in the case of any such jurisdiction, including those outside the United States), except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has made available to Parent copies of the

23



Organizational Documents for each of its material Subsidiaries, each as amended, restated or amended and restated prior to the date of this Agreement, and each as made available to Parent is in full force and effect. None of the Company’s Subsidiaries is in violation of its certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other applicable constituent documents, except for such violations that would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b)      All of the outstanding capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, each Subsidiary of the Company (i) has been duly authorized, validly issued and is fully paid and nonassessable and (ii) except for director’s qualifying or similar shares, are owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company, free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens) and free of any other material restriction (including any restriction on the right to vote, sell or otherwise dispose of such capital stock or other equity or voting interest), except for restrictions imposed by applicable securities Laws.
(c)      There are no outstanding (i) securities of any Subsidiary of the Company convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, any Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) options, warrants or other rights to acquire from any Subsidiary of the Company, or that obligate any Subsidiary of the Company to issue, any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest in, any Subsidiary of the Company, (iii) obligations of any Subsidiary of the Company to grant, extend or enter into any subscription, warrant, right, convertible or exchangeable security or other similar Contract relating to any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interest (including any voting debt) in, any Subsidiary of the Company (the items in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), together with the capital stock of the Subsidiaries of the Company, being referred to collectively as “Subsidiary Securities”), or (iv) other obligations by any Subsidiary of the Company to make any payments based on the price or value of any shares of any Subsidiary of the Company. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Contract that obligates the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue, transfer, exchange, register, repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire or sell any outstanding Subsidiary Securities.
3.8      Company SEC Reports . Since the Applicable Date, the Company has filed or furnished, as applicable, all forms, reports statements, certifications and documents with the SEC that have been required to be filed or furnished by it under applicable Law prior to the date hereof (all such forms, reports, statements, certifications and documents, together with all exhibits, notes and schedules thereto and all other information incorporated by reference (as the same may have been amended or superseded by a filing prior to the date of this Agreement, if applicable), the “Company SEC Reports”). As of its filing or furnishing date (or, if amended or superseded by a filing or furnishing prior to the date of this Agreement, on the date of such amended or superseded filing or furnishing) and, in the case of registration statements and proxy statements, on the dates of effectiveness and the dates of the relevant meetings, respectively, (a) each Company SEC Report

24



complied, or if not yet filed or furnished, will comply, in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as the case may be, each as in effect on the date such Company SEC Report was filed or furnished (or, if not yet filed or furnished, in effect on the date such Company SEC Report will be filed or furnished), and (b) each Company SEC Report did not, and any Company SEC Report filed or furnished to the SEC subsequent to date hereof will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. None of the Company’s Subsidiaries is required to file any forms, reports or other documents with the SEC. No executive officer of the Company has failed in any respect to make the certifications required of him or her under Section 302 or Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to any Company SEC Report, except as disclosed in certifications filed with the Company SEC Reports. Neither the Company nor any of its executive officers has received notice from any Governmental Authority challenging or questioning the accuracy, completeness, form or manner of filing of such certifications. True and complete copies of all comment letters from the staff of the SEC relating to the Company SEC Reports and all written responses of the Company thereto issued or filed since the Applicable Date through the date of this Agreement have been made available to Parent (or if not made available, are publicly filed with the SEC at least two (2) Business Days prior to the date hereof). As of the date of this Agreement, to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company SEC Reports is subject to or the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding SEC comment.
3.9      Company Financial Statements .
(a)      The consolidated financial statements (including the related notes) of the Company and its Subsidiaries included in or incorporated by reference into the Company SEC Reports have been prepared, or in the case of the Company SEC Reports filed after the date of this Agreement, will be prepared, in accordance with GAAP consistently applied during the periods and at the dates involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto or, with respect to any unaudited interim financial statements, as permitted by the SEC’s rules and forms), and fairly present, or in the case of the Company SEC Reports filed after the date of this Agreement, will fairly present, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the periods set forth thereon (subject, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, to normal year-end adjustments that will not be material in amount or effect).  
(b)      The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such terms are defined in Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act), which are reasonably designed to, and since the Applicable Date, have been reasonably designed to, ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the Company SEC Reports that it files or

25



submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
(c)      The Company has established and maintains a system of internal controls over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act), which are effective in providing reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, including policies and procedures that (i) require the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company and its Subsidiaries are being made only in accordance with appropriate authorizations of the Company’s management and the Company Board and (iii) provide assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
(d)      Since the Applicable Date, neither the Company nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company’s independent auditors has identified or been made aware of (A) any significant deficiency or material weakness in the system of internal controls over financial reporting utilized by the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case, which has not been subsequently remediated or (B) any fraud that involves the Company’s management or other employees who have a role in the preparation of financial statements or the internal controls over financial reporting utilized by the Company and its Subsidiaries. The Company has made available true, correct and complete summaries of any such disclosures made by the Company to the Company’s auditors or the Audit Committee. To the Knowledge of the Company, since the Applicable Date, no material complaints, allegations, assertion claims or notifications from any source regarding accounting, internal controls or auditing practices, procedures or methods, and no concerns from Employees regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters, have been received by the Company.
(e)      As of the date of this Agreement, to the Knowledge of the Company, since the Applicable Date, other than ordinary procedures carried out by the Company’s internal audit function, there has been no internal investigation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries regarding revenue recognition or other accounting or auditing issues discussed with, reviewed by or initiated at the direction of the chief executive officer, chief financial officer, general counsel or similar legal officer, the Company Board or any committee thereof.
(f)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture, partnership agreement or any similar Contract (including any Contract relating to any transaction, arrangement or relationship between or among the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any unconsolidated affiliate, including

26



any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity or Person, on the other hand (such as any arrangement described in Section 303(a)(4) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act)) where the purpose or effect of such arrangement is to avoid disclosure of any material transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
3.10      No Undisclosed Liabilities . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities of a nature required to be reflected or reserved against on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP, other than liabilities (a) reflected or otherwise reserved against in the Company Balance Sheet or in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of the Company and its Subsidiaries included in the Company SEC Reports filed at least two (2) Business Days prior to the date of this Agreement, (b) arising under this Agreement or incurred in connection with the Transactions, (c) incurred since the Company Balance Sheet Date in the ordinary course of business and (d) that would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
3.11      Absence of Certain Changes .
(a)      Since the Company Balance Sheet Date through the date hereof, (i) except for actions taken or not taken in connection with the Transactions, the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries has been conducted, in all material respects, in the ordinary course of business, and (ii) there has not been or occurred any Change that has resulted in, or would reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b)      Since the Company Balance Sheet Date through the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has taken any action that would be prohibited by clauses 5.1(b)(i) , 5.1(b)(ii) , 5.1(b)(iv) , 5.1(b)(v) , 5.1(b)(vi) , 5.1(b)(ix) , 5.1(b)(x) , 5.1(b)(xi) , 5.1(b)(xii) , 5.1(b)(xiii) , 5.1(b)(xiv) , 5.1(b)(xvii) of Section 5.1(b) or enter into a Contract (or otherwise resolve or agree in any binding manner) to take any actions prohibited by the foregoing clauses if proposed to be taken after the date hereof.
3.12      Material Contracts .
(a)      Section 3.12(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a complete and accurate list of all Material Contracts. For all purposes of and under this Agreement, a “Material Contract” means any of the following to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any assets or properties of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are bound as of the date of this Agreement:
(i)      any “material contract” (as such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, other than those agreements and arrangements described in Item 601(b)(10)(iii) (each, a “Filed Company Contract”));

27



(ii)      any Contract that contains a Materially Detrimental Provision;
(iii)      any Contract (A) relating to the disposition or acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any business, or any assets or any material ownership interest in any other Person or other business enterprise other than any Subsidiary of the Company (x) that was entered into after the Applicable Date or which otherwise contain outstanding obligations on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to indemnification (other than for customary fundamental matters) or (y) pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries reasonably expects to be required to pay any earn-out, deferred or other contingent payments (other than any vendor agreements with customary payment requirements based on usage), or (B) any Contract that involves a joint venture, limited liability company or partnership with a third Person;
(iv)      any mortgages, indentures, guarantees, loans or credit agreements, security agreements or other Contracts relating to the borrowing of money or extension of credit, in each case, by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in excess of $1,000,000, other than (A) accounts receivable and payable in the ordinary course of business, (B) loans to Subsidiaries of the Company in the ordinary course of business, (C) extensions of credit to customers or from suppliers in the ordinary course of business, and (D) obligations to reimburse employees for travel and business expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(v)      any (i) Contract that, with respect to the twelve (12) months ended March 31, 2019 represented aggregated payments by the Company and its Subsidiaries under such Contract of more than $2,000,000, other than any Employee Plans and Leases; and (ii) Contract that with respect to the twelve (12) months ended March 31, 2019 represented aggregated receipts by the Company and/or its Subsidiaries under such Contract of more than $7,000,000;
(vi)      any employment or consulting Contract (in each case, under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has continuing obligations as of the date hereof) with any employee, consultant, independent contractor or director of the Company or its Subsidiaries providing for an annual compensation in excess of $200,000, that is not terminable upon notice by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, without cost or other liability, except for amounts earned prior to the time of termination or any amounts owed pursuant to applicable Law or the Company’s severance guidelines;
(vii)      any Collective Bargaining Agreement or similar labor agreement with any labor union, works council or other employee representative body;

28



(viii)      any Contract providing for indemnification of any director, officer or employee by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than standard indemnification agreements on the Company’s form or as provided in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Company);
(ix)      any Contract pursuant to which (A) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries sells, assigns, transfers title or interest with respect to any material Intellectual Property Rights, (B) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries grants to any third party the right to distribute, bundle or incorporate Intellectual Property Rights into any other third party product ( provided , that Section 3.12(a) of the Disclosure Letter excludes such Contracts granting non-exclusive rights given to clinical research organizations or systems integrators to resell or distribute any Company Products in the ordinary course of business, but such Contracts shall still be considered "Material Contracts" hereunder), (C) material Licensed Intellectual Property Rights are licensed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than non-exclusive licenses with respect to commercially available, off-the-shelf software granted to the Company or its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business, unless such software is both incorporated into either a standard software program or SaaS solution provided by the Company or its Subsidiaries to customers in the ordinary course of business and has a total acquisition license cost for the Company and its Subsidiaries of $10,000 or greater, in which case such Contract shall not be required to be identified on Section 3.12(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter, but such Contracts shall still be considered “Material Contracts” hereunder), or (D) any Intellectual Property Rights are or were assigned to or developed for or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including any Intellectual Property Rights that are incorporated into or material to any Company Products (excluding employee invention assignment agreements executed by employees in the ordinary course of business on the Company’s standard form agreements that have been identified and disclosed to Guarantor or Parent);
(x)      any Contract involving material outsourcing of business processes or functionality or information technology services or functionality (including via traditional outsourcing, cloud or IaaS/PaaS/SaaS arrangements) that with respect to the twelve (12) months ended March 31, 2019 represented aggregated payments by the Company and/or its Subsidiaries under such Contract of more than $1,300,000;  
(xi)      any Contract entered into with any director, officer or other Affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any entity in which any such Person has a direct or indirect material interest, other than an Employee Plan, required to be disclosed under Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act;

29



(xii)      any Contract that contains a put, call, right of first refusal, right of first offer or similar right or obligation pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries would be required to purchase or sell, as applicable, all or any substantial part of any material assets, rights or properties of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(xiii)      any Contract that restricts the ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other distributions (whether in cash, stock, property or any combination thereof) in respect of, any of its capital stock, other equity or voting interests;
(xiv)      any Government Contract to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party;
(xv)      any Contract that relates to the acquisition or disposition of real property; and
(xvi)      any Contract providing for the settlement of material Legal Proceedings pursuant to which (A) the Company has continuing material payment obligations other than Contracts providing for cash payments only that do not exceed $100,000 as to such settlement or (B) any material future limitations or monitoring or reporting obligations are imposed on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b)      True and complete copies of all Material Contracts disclosed in Section 3.12 (a) of the Company Disclosure Letter have been (i) publicly filed with the SEC at least two (2) Business Days prior to the date hereof or (ii) made available to Parent (other than such Material Contracts comprising licenses for commercially available, off-the-shelf software that is incorporated into either a standard software program or SaaS solution provided by the Company or its Subsidiaries to customers in the ordinary course of business and has a total acquisition license cost for the Company and its Subsidiaries of $10,000 or greater).
(c)      As of the date hereof, (i) each Material Contract is valid and binding on the Company (and/or each such Subsidiary of the Company party thereto) and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto, and is in full force and effect, enforceable against the Company or each such Subsidiary of the Company party thereto, as the case may be, in accordance with its terms, subject to the Enforceability Limitations, (ii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries that is a party thereto, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, is in breach of, or default under, any such Material Contract and (iii) no event has occurred that with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute such a breach or default thereunder by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, except for Material Contracts that have expired and except in the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), for such failures to be in full force and effect and such breaches and defaults that would not have

30



a Company Material Adverse Effect. As of the date of this Agreement, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice from the counterparty to any Material Contract (or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of such counterparty’s Affiliates) regarding an intent to terminate, cancel or materially modify (including to exercise any call or put option with respect to) any Material Contract (whether as a result of a change of control or otherwise).
3.13      Real Property .
(a)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owns any real property.  
(b)      Section 3.13(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a complete and accurate list (by street address and Lease) of all of the existing leases, subleases, and other significant licenses and occupancy agreements (collectively, including all amendments, terminations, supplements or other modifications, the “Leases”) and under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as of the date of this Agreement, uses or occupies or has the right to use or occupy, now or in the future (such property, including all buildings, improvements, and structures thereon and appurtenances thereto, the “Leased Real Property”). The Company and/or its Subsidiaries have and own good, valid and subsisting leasehold interests in the Leased Real Property, free and clear of any subtenancies or other occupancy rights or Liens, other than Permitted Liens.
(c)      Section 3.13(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter contains a complete and accurate list of all of the existing subleases, licenses or other occupancy agreements granting to any Person, other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any right to use or occupy, now or in the future, any material portion of Leased Real Property.
3.14      Personal Property and Assets . The Company and its Subsidiaries are in possession of and have good title to, or valid leasehold interests in or valid rights under contract to use, the machinery, equipment, furniture, fixtures and other tangible personal property and assets owned, leased or used by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that are material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted Liens, except as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. No representation is made under this Section 3.14 with respect to any real property or Intellectual Property Rights.
3.15      Intellectual Property .
(a)      Section 3.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter set forth a complete and accurate list of all items of (i) Company Registered IP (including Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights and Internet domain names, but excluding customer-specific subdomain names) and any applications for registration thereof and (ii) material unregistered Owned Intellectual Property Rights, excluding Trade Secrets.

31



(b)      All Owned Intellectual Property Rights are exclusively owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries with full title, unrestricted ownership and right of disposition and exploitation, free and clear of any Liens except for Permitted Liens. The Owned Intellectual Property Rights that are material to any Company Product or otherwise to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are valid, subsisting and enforceable, and the Company and its Subsidiaries are in possession of all documents reasonably required to evidence such validity, subsistence and enforceability; without limiting the foregoing, with respect to each item of Company Registered IP. Except for any discontinuances of Company Registered IP that are not material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (i) all necessary registration, maintenance and renewal fees have been paid, and (ii) all necessary documents have been filed and necessary actions taken with the relevant patent, copyright, trademark and domain registrars or other authorities in the United States or applicable foreign jurisdictions to obtain and maintain such Company Registered IP. No material Owned Intellectual Property Right, nor the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any material Intellectual Property Rights, is subject to any outstanding Order or Contract adversely affecting the validity, enforceability, scope or disposition of, or the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ use of or right, title or interest in, any such Intellectual Property Right.
(c)      All Owned Intellectual Property Rights (including all Company Owned Software) were written, created, developed, modified and/or improved solely by directors, officers, employees, trainees, apprentices, consultants, contractors or service providers bound by an appropriate written Contract pursuant to which all Intellectual Property Rights generated by them have been, are and will be properly assigned to the Company or one of its Subsidiaries (and no material exceptions have been made to such assignment under any such Contracts), and, excluding Trade Secrets, the Company has taken all other actions required under applicable Law so as to perfect the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ exclusive right, title and interest in such Intellectual Property Rights.
(d)      Except through standard license Contracts entered into with customers in the ordinary course of business, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has granted, nor is obliged to grant, to any third party any right or license to use, manufacture, reproduce, license, distribute, market or otherwise exploit, any Owned Intellectual Property Rights.
(e)      The Company Intellectual Property Rights includes all Intellectual Property Rights which are necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted in all material respects, and as intended to be conducted as of date hereof had the transactions contemplated hereunder not occurred. The Company and its Subsidiaries have valid and sufficient licenses or other rights to use all Licensed Intellectual Property Rights in all material respects.

32



(f)      Except as disclosed on Section 3.15(f) of the Company Disclosure Letter, the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) as currently conducted, (ii) as intended to be conducted as of date hereof had the transactions contemplated hereunder not occurred, and (iii) as conducted since the Applicable Date, and the use of the Company Intellectual Property Rights in connection therewith, do not infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate any Intellectual Property Rights owned by any Person. No Legal Proceeding is pending or threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written claim since the Applicable Date, alleging any of the foregoing, or contesting or challenging the scope, validity, enforceability or ownership of any Owned Intellectual Property Rights, excluding non-adversarial office actions by the United States Patent and Trademark Office and its foreign equivalents in the ordinary course of prosecution of Patents and Trademarks.
(g)      To the Knowledge of the Company, since January 1, 2014, no Person has used any Intellectual Property Rights, or is engaged in any activity, in a manner that infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates Owned Intellectual Property Rights, and there is and has been no Legal Proceeding asserted or threatened by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries alleging the same, or challenging the ownership, use, scope, validity or enforceability of any Intellectual Property Rights of any Person, since the Applicable Date. Except for standard license Contracts entered into with the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ customers in the ordinary course of business, the Company and its Subsidiaries have not made any Contract, which goes beyond the provisions of the Company’s standard license agreement, to indemnify any third party for any infringement or other violation of any Intellectual Property Rights.
(h)      None of the Company Products constitutes, depends on, includes, is derived from, linked with or is distributed with, any Open Source Software, except as set forth on Section 3.15(h) of the Company Disclosure Letter. None of the Company Products is subject to any Contract that would require (whether through a present or contingent obligation or otherwise) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to grant access, divulge or disclose to any third party any source code or Trade Secret (including product designs or data sets or algorithms) that is part of said Company Product. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has granted access to, divulged or disclosed, or agreed to grant access to, divulge or disclose, any source code, data sets or algorithms for any Company Products to any third party, and no event has occurred, and no circumstance or condition exists, that (with or without notice or lapse of time) will, or would reasonably be expected to, require the delivery, license or disclosure of the source code, data sets or algorithms for any Company Products or other material Company Owned Software to any third party, except for data sets for any Company analytic deliverables that are provided non-exclusively to customers in the ordinary course of business for their internal use.
(i)      The Company and its Subsidiaries take and have taken, and have and have had in place, commercially reasonable measures and precautions necessary to protect the

33



confidentiality of, and their proprietary rights in, the Trade Secrets included in the Owned Intellectual Property Rights and, in all material respects, any other Trade Secrets that the Company or its Subsidiaries are required to protect and secure pursuant to any Contract. To the Knowledge of the Company, there has been no unauthorized disclosure or misappropriation by any third party of any such Trade Secrets. All of the Company’s and each of its Subsidiaries’ (x) current and former directors and officers, and (y) in the last five (5) years and, to the Knowledge of the Company, prior to such time, all other employees and advisors are bound by a confidentiality obligation in favor of the Company and its Subsidiaries in relation to such Trade Secrets.
(j)      The Company Products conform in all material respects to their specifications, and to the Knowledge of Company, with applicable customer Contracts, subject to routine service level adjustments, change management processes, commercially standard maintenance and error correction in the ordinary course of business in accordance with the applicable customer Contracts and applicable Law. The Company Products are continually tested and have been tested using commercially available anti-virus software appropriate for the Company Products, and to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company Products are free from any material virus, bug, defect, malicious computer code, corruptant or other default likely to result in the compromise of such Company Products, any Company IT System, or data.
(k)      The Company and its Subsidiaries own or have in all material respects a valid right to access and use all (i) Company IT Systems and (ii) third-party databases, data feeds and data used in connection with the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries (“Third-Party Data”).
(l)      The Company IT Systems operate and perform in a manner that is reasonably adequate in all material respects for the Company and its Subsidiaries to conduct their respective businesses as currently conducted. Since the Applicable Date, there has been no (i) to the Knowledge of the Company, breach, violation, data loss or unauthorized access to or of any Company Products or otherwise of Company IT Systems or (ii) material outage or service interruption of any Company Product or Company IT System that has not been remedied in all material respects, and no such incidents have resulted in any claim or notice of termination from any customer.
(m)      (i) No funding, facilities or resources of any Governmental Authority or any university, college or other educational institution or research center were used in the development of any Owned Intellectual Property Rights, and (ii) no Governmental Authority, university, college, or other educational institution or research center has any ownership, license or other rights, or financial interests in any Owned Intellectual Property Rights.
(n)      Since January 1, 2014, the Company and its Subsidiaries have not provided or authorized access or rights to material collections of data collected, generated or otherwise possessed by the Company and its Subsidiaries, whether in raw, de-identified or aggregated form,

34



to any Persons for use other than provision or access granted to customers incidental to use of the Company Products in the ordinary course of business and in accordance with applicable law and contractual requirements. No artificial intelligence functionality included in Company Products is designed or marketed to, nor to the Knowledge of the Company used by, customers for making clinical care diagnoses or therapeutic decisions.
(o)      Neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement, nor the consummation of the Merger, will cause (i) the loss or impairment of any ownership or right to access or use (or, to the extent applicable, customers’ and suppliers’ right to access or use) any Company Intellectual Property Rights (including Third-Party Data) or Company IT Systems that are (x) to the Knowledge of the Company, material to any Company Product, or (y) material to the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries or otherwise to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or any payment obligations with respect to the foregoing; or (ii) (x) the assignment of, or the grant of any license, covenant not to sue or other right, title or interest by Company, Parent or any of their respective Affiliates under, or creation of any Lien on (other than any Permitted Liens), any Owned Intellectual Property Rights or any Intellectual Property Rights that is owned by or licensed to the Company, Parent or any of their respective Affiliates prior to the Closing, or (y) Parent or any of its Affiliates (excluding the Company and its Subsidiaries) being bound by, or subject to, any non-compete or exclusivity obligation.
3.16      Privacy & Cybersecurity . For the purposes of this Section 3.16 , the terms “controller”, “data subject”, “processing” (and its cognates) and “processor” shall have the meaning given to them in the GDPR.
(a)      The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) take and have taken reasonable measures at least consistent with industry practices (including the implementation, use, maintenance, monitoring and testing of plans, policies and procedures, and associated commercially reasonable technical, physical and administrative safeguards) designed, implemented and maintained to (x) identify threats to the Company Products and other Company IT Systems and systems, (y) protect, preserve, maintain, and secure the performance, security, operation, and integrity of the Company Products and the Company IT Systems (and all Software, information and data stored or contained thereon), including to secure the Company IT Systems from unauthorized access or use by any third party, and (subject to routine service level adjustments, change management processes, commercially standard maintenance and error correction in the ordinary course of business in accordance with the applicable customer Contracts and applicable Law) to ensure the continued, uninterrupted and error-free operation of the Company IT Systems, and (z) to ensure that all Personal Information and other material data collected, stored, used, disclosed, transferred or otherwise processed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is protected against unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure, or other misuse, and (ii) have implemented disaster recovery and business continuity plans, and security, maintenance, backup,

35



archiving, and virus and malicious device scanning and protection measures with respect to the Company Products and other material Company IT Systems at least consistent with industry practices.
(b)      The Company and each of its Subsidiaries and any Person acting for or on their behalf comply and have complied in all material respects with all applicable Privacy Laws and Privacy Obligations, including by (i) implementing the Privacy Obligations with appropriate data protection policies and procedures and other safeguards in relation to the hosting, processing, disclosure and transfer of Personal Information and carrying out regular staff training, use testing, audits or other mechanisms to ensure and monitor compliance with such policies and procedures such as to demonstrate compliance under applicable Privacy Laws (including the accountability principle under the GDPR); (ii) by appointing a data protection officer, in accordance with Article 37 GDPR; (iii) maintaining complete, accurate up-to-date and timely records of personal data processing activities as required under applicable Privacy Laws; (iv) where applicable, issuing fair processing notices to, or obtaining or ensuring all required authorizations (as applicable) from, the relevant data subjects in accordance with applicable Privacy Laws; (v) securing all transfers of Personal Information to and from the Company or its Subsidiaries or third parties located outside of the European Economic Area on the terms of a valid data transfer mechanism (e.g., the EU-US Privacy Shield); and (vi) entering into and complying with the provisions of any “business associate” agreements required under HIPAA or applicable Privacy Obligation.
(c)      The Company and its Subsidiaries have used commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that all third-party service providers, outsourcers, processors or other third parties who process, store or otherwise handle Personal Information for or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries have agreed to comply with applicable Privacy Laws and applicable Privacy Obligations and take reasonable steps to protect and secure Personal Information from loss, theft, misuse or unauthorized access, use, modification or disclosure. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have in place any legally required written agreements with any customers, suppliers, contractors and other third parties (i) acting as processor, (ii) with which the Company or any Subsidiary has a “business associate” or “covered entity” relationship (for purposes of HIPAA), or (iii) with which the Company or any of its Subsidiary has any other legally recognized relationship under Privacy Laws, which agreements contain the mandatory provisions required under Article 28 GDPR (as applicable) and otherwise contain provisions to protect and maintain the confidentiality and security of Personal Information and otherwise comply with applicable requirements under Privacy Laws and Privacy Obligations. To the Knowledge of the Company, any third party who has provided Personal Information to the Company or its Subsidiaries has done so in compliance with such agreements (to the extent applicable) and applicable Privacy Laws and applicable Privacy Obligations, including providing any notice and obtaining any consent or authorization required.

36



(d)      Since the Applicable Date, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor any Third Party acting on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, has (i) to the Knowledge of the Company, suffered any Personal Information breach, compromise or other unauthorized use, access or alteration, nor any cybersecurity breach or compromise, nor has any of the foregoing been threatened; (ii) received any written notice, request or investigation from any supervisory authority or other government or regulatory authority, in relation to their Personal Information processing activities; (iii) received any written claim, complaint or other communication from any Person, or been subject to any Proceeding, claiming a right to compensation for failure to respond to any of their data subject rights requests or alleging any breach of applicable Privacy Laws or Privacy Obligations; or (iv) been required or voluntarily chosen to provide any notices to any Governmental Authority or other Person in connection with a disclosure of Personal Information or pursuant to any Privacy Law or Privacy Obligation. The Company and its Subsidiaries, and Third Parties acting on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, have fully and promptly resolved or remediated any and all material privacy or data security issues and vulnerabilities that have been identified or otherwise notified to the Company or any Subsidiary (including identifying and remediating the root cause thereof). To the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ publicly-facing statements or notices regarding its collection and treatment of Personal Information are materially misleading or materially deceptive, and the Company and its Subsidiaries have provided all such statements or notices to all required Persons pursuant to all applicable Privacy Laws and Privacy Obligations.
(e)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any Privacy Laws or Privacy Obligations that, following the Closing, would prohibit the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from receiving and/or using Personal Information or aggregated or anonymized personal data in substantially the same manner as prior to the Closing.
3.17      Tax Matters .
(a)      Except as would not result in a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) have timely filed (taking into account any valid extensions of time in which to file) all U.S. federal and other material Tax Returns, required to be filed by any of them, and (ii) have paid (or the Company has paid on its Subsidiaries’ behalf) all Taxes that are due. The Company Balance Sheet properly reflects all material Taxes required to be accrued by the Company and its Subsidiaries under GAAP through the Company Balance Sheet Date. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any material liabilities for Taxes since the Company Balance Sheet Date other than in the ordinary course of business or other than by reason of effecting the Transactions pursuant to the terms of this Transactions. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries executed any waiver of any statute of limitations on or extending the period for the assessment or collection of any material Tax beyond the Closing Date.

37



(b)      Except as set forth on Section 3.17(b) of the Company Disclosure Letter, no audit of any material Tax Return of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is presently in progress. All deficiencies with respect to Taxes that have been proposed, asserted or assessed in writing against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have been paid or finally settled and there are no pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened proceedings regarding any Taxes of the Company and its Subsidiaries or the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
(c)      The Company is not and has not been during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code, a “United States real property holding corporation” within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code.
(d)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has distributed stock of another Person, or has had its stock distributed by another Person, in a transaction that was intended to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code in the two (2) years prior to the date of this Agreement.
(e)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has participated (within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.6011-4(c)(3)(i)(A)) in a “listed transaction” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.6011-4(b)(2) that has not been properly disclosed to the extent required by such Treasury Regulation.
(f)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) has been a member of an affiliated group (within the meaning of Section 1504(a) of the Code) filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return (other than a group the common parent of which is the Company or one of its Subsidiaries), (ii) is bound by or has any material obligation under, any material Tax sharing, indemnification or allocation agreement (other than any agreement entered into in the ordinary course of business, the principal purpose of which is not to address Tax matters, or any agreement solely between or among the Company and its Subsidiaries), or (iii) is liable under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Law) for any material Taxes of any Person other than the Company or its Subsidiaries as a result of being a member of such a group.
(g)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has made the election permitted by Section 965(h) of the Code to pay any Tax liability arising under Code Section 965 in installments.
(h)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liability for the Taxes of any person (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), as a transferee or successor, by Contract or otherwise (other than a Contract entered into in the ordinary course of business, the principal purpose of which is not to address Tax matters).

38



(i)      Except as set forth on Section 3.17(i) of the Company Disclosure Letter, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will be required to include any material item of income in, or to exclude any material item of deduction from, taxable income in any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending after the Closing Date as a result of any closing agreement, installment sale or open transaction on or prior to the Closing Date, any accounting method change or agreement with any Tax authority, any prepaid amount received on or prior to the Closing Date, any intercompany transaction or excess loss account described in Section 1502 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state, local or foreign Law), or any election pursuant to Section 108(i) of the Code (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Law) made with respect to any taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing Date.
(j)      There are no Liens for Taxes other than Permitted Liens on any of the assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(k)      The audited consolidated financial statements (including the related notes) of the Company and its Subsidiaries included in or incorporated by reference into the most recent Company SEC Report and/or the most recently filed federal income Tax Returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries accurately reflect the amounts of any net operating loss for federal income tax purposes available to the Company and its Subsidiaries in all material respects as of the last day of the period to which such financial statements or Tax Return relate.
3.18      Employee Plans .
(a)      Section 3.18(a) of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a complete and accurate list of each material Employee Plan. For purposes of this Agreement, “Employee Plan” means each (i) “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA), whether or not subject to ERISA, and (ii) other employment, severance, termination, change in control, retention, incentive (equity-based or otherwise), profit sharing, savings, retirement (including early retirement and supplemental retirement), deferred compensation, or other similar fringe, welfare or employee benefit plan, program, agreement, Contract, policy or arrangement (whether or not in writing), in each case, (x) that is sponsored, maintained, entered into, contributed to or required to be contributed to, by the Company or any Subsidiary for the benefit of any current or former employee, officer, director or other service provider of the Company or any Subsidiary or (y) with respect to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has or may reasonably be expected to have any liability (contingent or otherwise).
(b)      With respect to each Employee Plan, the Company has made available to Parent complete and accurate copies of the current plan document or other governing Contract (including, in each case, any amendments thereto) and, as applicable, (i) the most recent annual report on Form 5500 and attached schedules; (ii) the most recent IRS determination or opinion

39



letter; (iii) the most recent summary plan description and any summary of material modifications; (iv) any related trust agreements, insurance contracts, or other funding documents; and (v) the most recently prepared financial statements.
(c)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor, solely with respect to the following clauses (i), (ii) and (vi), any ERISA Affiliate has in the past six (6) years maintained, sponsored, contributed to, or had an obligation to maintain, sponsor or contribute to, or has any current or contingent liability under or with respect to, and no Employee Plan is: (i) a “defined benefit plan” (as defined in Section 414(j) of the Code), (ii) a “multiemployer plan” (as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA), (iii) a “multiple employer plan” (as defined in Section 4063 or 4064 of ERISA), (iv) a “voluntary employees’ beneficiary association” (within the meaning of Section 501(c)(9) of the Code), (v) a “multiple employer welfare arrangement” (within the meaning of Section 3(40) of ERISA) or (vi) a plan that is subject to Section 302 of ERISA, Section 412 of the Code or Title IV of ERISA. Except as disclosed in Section 3.18(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA Affiliates provides or is obligated to provide group health plan coverage for former or current employees following termination of employment, other than as required by applicable Law (such as the federal law known as “COBRA” and similar state Laws).
(d)      Each Employee Plan has been maintained, operated and administered in all material respects in compliance with its terms and with applicable Law, including the applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code. Each Employee Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is covered by a favorable IRS determination or opinion letter to that effect and, to the Company’s Knowledge, there are no circumstances that could reasonably be expected to result in the revocation of any such determination or opinion letter. There are no pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened audits, investigations, claims or proceedings against any Employee Plan (other than routine claims for benefits), the assets of any of the trusts under such plans or the plan sponsor or administrator, or against any fiduciary of any Employee Plan with respect to the operation thereof.
(e)      Except as would not be reasonably expected to result in a material liability to the Company, (i) all required contributions (including all employer contributions and employee salary reduction contributions) have been made in accordance with the terms of the applicable Employee Plan and applicable Law to any fund or trust established thereunder, and (ii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has complied with the terms of the Employee Plans, Collective Bargaining Agreement (if applicable) and applicable Law regarding the enrollment of participants and the payment of any social contributions, premiums and benefit payments in connection with such Employee Plans, Collective Bargaining Agreements or applicable Law.

40



(f)      With respect to each Employee Plan, other than an Employee Plan that is subject to or governed by the laws of any non-U.S. jurisdiction (an “International Employee Plan”), (i) all amounts required to be reserved under each Employee Plan have been so reserved in accordance with GAAP and (ii) each International Employee Plan required to be registered with a governmental authority has been registered, and has been maintained in good standing with the appropriate governmental authorities.
(g)      Each Employee Plan that is a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” (within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code) is in documentary compliance, and has been operated in material compliance, with Section 409A of the Code. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any obligation to make any gross-up payment to any individual with respect to any income Tax, additional Tax, excise Tax or interest charge imposed pursuant to Section 409A or Section 4999 of the Code.
(h)      The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the Transactions will not, either alone or in combination with another event, (i) entitle any current or former director, officer, employee or service provider of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to severance pay or any other payment or benefits that would not otherwise have been payable; (ii) result in any payment or benefits becoming due, accelerate the time of payment or vesting, or increase the amount of compensation or benefits due to any such current or former director, officer, employee or service provider; (iii) result in any forgiveness of indebtedness, trigger any funding obligation under any Employee Plan or impose any restrictions or limitations on the Company’s rights to administer, amend or terminate any Employee Plan; or (iv) result in any payment to any “disqualified individual” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code) that could reasonably be expected, individually or in combination with any other such payment, to be an “excess parachute payment” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code).
(i)      Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, other than with respect to Material Contracts addressed by Section 3.12 , this Section 3.18 and Section 3.19 contain the sole and exclusive representations and warranties of the Company relating to employee benefits, employment and employment practices and labor matters of any kind.
3.19      Labor Matters .
(a)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement, labor union contract, or trade union agreement or arrangement or understanding with any labor union, works council or other employee-representative body (each a “Collective Bargaining Agreement”), and none is being negotiated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. No labor union, labor organization, trade union or works council, or group of employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries represents employees of the Company or any of its

41



Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no labor organization or group of employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has made a pending demand for recognition or certification, and there are no representation or certification proceedings or petitions seeking a representation proceeding presently pending or threatened to be brought or filed, with the National Labor Relations Board or any other labor relations tribunal or authority. To the Knowledge of the Company, there are no activities or proceedings of any labor or trade union to organize any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. There is no pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened strike, lockout, slowdown, or work stoppage against or involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b)      Except as would not be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is, and has been since the Applicable Date, in compliance with applicable Laws and Orders with respect to labor, employment and employment practices (including applicable Laws regarding wage and hour requirements, correct classification of independent contractors and of employees as exempt and non-exempt, immigration status, discrimination in employment, employee leave issues, workers’ compensation, employee health and safety, collective bargaining, mass layoffs and plant closings, equal opportunity and affirmative action (including with respect to Executive Order 11246)). Since the Applicable Date, none of Company or any of its Subsidiaries has effectuated a “plant closing” or “mass layoff” (as defined in the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988, as amended) or taken any other action that would trigger notice or liability under any state, local or foreign plant closing notice Law.
(c)      Except as would not be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has withheld all amounts required by applicable Law to be withheld from the wages, salaries, and other payments to employees, independent contractors and outsourced workers, and is not, to the Knowledge of the Company, liable for any arrears of wages or any taxes or any penalty for failure to comply with any of the foregoing. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is liable for any material payment to any trust or other fund or to any Governmental Authority, with respect to unemployment compensation benefits, social security or other benefits for employees (other than routine payments to be made in the ordinary course of business).
(d)      Each individual who is currently providing services to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries through a third party service provider, or who previously provided services to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries through a third party service provider, is not or was not at the time such individual provided such services an employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as applicable. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has a single employer, joint employer, alter ego or similar relationship with any other company.

42



(e)      Except as would not be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, no employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in any respect in violation of any material term of any employment agreement, nondisclosure agreement, common law nondisclosure obligation, fiduciary duty, non-competition agreement, restrictive covenant or other obligation: (i) to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, to a former employer of any such employee relating (A) to the right of any such employee to be employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (B) to the knowledge or use of trade secrets.
(f)      None of the Company or its Subsidiaries is party to a settlement agreement with a current or former director, officer, employee or independent contractor that involves allegations relating to sexual harassment by a director, officer, employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. To the Knowledge of the Company, in the last five (5) years, no allegations of sexual harassment have been made against a director, officer, employee or independent contractor (in their capacity as such) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.20      Permits . Except as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms of all permits, licenses, certificates, authorizations, consents and approvals from Governmental Authorities required to conduct their businesses as currently conducted (“Permits”) and no suspension, cancellation, or termination of any such Permits is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, except for such noncompliance, suspensions or cancellations that as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
3.21      Compliance with Laws .
(a)      Except as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in compliance with all Laws and Orders applicable to the Company and its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties, assets, businesses or operations.
(b)      To the Knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice from any Governmental Authority alleging any violation or potential violation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any applicable Law or Order that is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries and that remains outstanding or unresolved as of the date of this Agreement. As of the date of this Agreement, no investigation by any Governmental Authority of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened.
(c)      The Company, its Subsidiaries, their respective directors and employees (including officers) and, to the Knowledge of the Company, agents and other Persons acting for or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries are in compliance with and, for the past five (5) years, have complied with the FCPA and the Other Anti-Bribery Laws. Neither the Company nor any of

43



its Subsidiaries is involved in any Proceeding relating to, or since the Applicable Date has received a written request for information or written communication from any Governmental Authority alleging its non-compliance with the FCPA or any of the Other Anti-Bribery Laws. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is currently investigating, has caused or permitted any other Person to investigate, or has investigated or caused or permitted to be investigated any actual, alleged or apparent violation of the FCPA or any of the Other Anti-Bribery Laws by the Company, its Subsidiaries, their respective directors and employees (including officers) and, to the Knowledge of the Company, agents and other Persons acting for or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries. The Company and its Subsidiaries have instituted policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure compliance with the FCPA and the Other Anti-Bribery Laws and have maintained such policies and procedures in full force and effect.
(d)      Except as would not be reasonably expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries are in compliance and, for the past five (5) years, have been in compliance with the Export and Sanctions Regulations. For the past five (5) years, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in, and are not now engaging in, directly or indirectly, any dealings or transactions in any country or territory that (or with any Person who) is or was the subject of sanctions at the time of the dealing or transaction.
(e)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is involved in any Legal Proceeding relating to any Export and Sanctions Regulations, or (ii) except as disclosed in Section 3.21(e) of the Company Disclosure Letter, in the past five (5) years has received a written request for information from any Governmental Authority regarding any Export and Sanctions Regulations.
(f)      (i) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor (ii) any of their respective directors, officers or employees, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any representatives or other such Persons authorized to act for or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, is, or is owned, 50% or more, directly or indirectly, by, controlled by, or otherwise acting on behalf of, one or more Persons that are (1) the subject of any sanctions or (2) located, organized, or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of sanctions, except, in the case of clause (ii), as would not be reasonably expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
3.22      Environmental Matters .
(a)      The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are now and since the Applicable Date have been in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws, and possess and are now and have at all times since the Applicable Date been in compliance with all applicable Environmental

44



Permits necessary to operate the business as presently operated, except for such noncompliance or lack of Environmental Permits that would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has Released any Hazardous Materials in violation of Environmental Law that would reasonably be expected to require investigative, corrective or remedial action at any property currently or formerly owned or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except for such Release of any Hazardous Materials that would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(c)      Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received from a Governmental Authority any written notification alleging that it is liable for any Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Materials at any location, except with respect to any such notification concerning any such Release or threatened Release, to the extent such matter has been resolved with the appropriate foreign, federal, state or local regulatory authority or otherwise with no ongoing material corrective action liability or obligation on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(d)      Except as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, there are no Legal Proceedings pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened relating to the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ non-compliance with Environmental Laws.
(e)      Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, this Section 3.22 , Section 3.5 , Section 3.10 and Section 3.11(a) contain the sole and exclusive representations and warranties of the Company relating to environmental matters of any kind, including matters arising under Environmental Laws or otherwise relating to Hazardous Materials.
3.23      Litigation . Section 3.23 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth, as of the date hereof, a true and complete list of each Legal Proceeding involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any of their respective properties or assets) that is pending (whether or not initiated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened by or against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any of their respective properties or assets), in each case, where damages (including if settled) payable by or to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including if adversely determined against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any of their respective properties or assets), any present or former director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) are reasonably expected to exceed $250,000 in the aggregate. As of the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (or any of their respective properties or assets) is subject to any outstanding Order that is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
3.24      Insurance . The Company and its Subsidiaries have all material policies of insurance covering the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective employees, properties or assets,

45



including policies of life, property, fire, workers’ compensation and employer liability, products liability, directors’ and officers’ liability, business interruption, errors and omissions, cyber security, and other casualty and liability insurance (including any reinsurance policies and self-insurance programs and arrangements) (collectively, the “Insurance Policies”), that is in a form and amount (with reputable insurance carriers) that is customarily carried by persons conducting business, or subject to risks, similar to that of the Company and adequate for coverage of all normal risks incident to the operation of its business. Section 3.24 of the Company Disclosure Letter sets forth a true, correct and complete list of all Insurance Policies. Except as would not be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, all such Insurance Policies are in full force and effect, no notice of cancellation has been received, there is no existing default or event which, with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default, by any insured thereunder and, to the extent applicable, all premiums due with respect thereto have been paid. As of the date of this Agreement, there is no material claim pending under any of such policies as to which coverage has been questioned, denied or disputed by the underwriters of such policies and there has been no threatened termination of, or material premium increase with respect to, any such policies.
3.25      Related Party Transactions . Except for indemnification, compensation, employment or other similar arrangements between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any director or officer thereof, on the other hand, there are no transactions, Contracts, arrangements or understandings between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any Affiliate (including any director or officer) thereof, but not including any wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company, on the other hand, that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act in the Company’s Form 10-K or proxy statement pertaining to an annual meeting of stockholders.
3.26      Brokers . Except for Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, there is no financial advisor, investment banker, broker, finder, agent or other Person that has been retained by or is authorized to act on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries who is entitled to any financial advisors, investment banking, brokerage, finder’s or other fee, expense, reimbursement, commission or liability in connection with the Transactions. The Company has delivered to Parent complete and correct copies of all agreements under which any fee or commission is payable and all indemnification and other agreements related to the engagement of the persons to whom any such fee is payable.
3.27      Opinion of Financial Advisor . The Company Board has received an opinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, financial advisor to the Company, to the effect that, as of the date of such opinion, and subject to and based upon the various qualifications, assumptions, limitations and other matters set forth therein, the consideration to be received by the holders of shares of Company Common Stock (other than holders of Cancelled Company Shares and Dissenting Company Shares) pursuant to this Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to such holders.

46



3.28      State Anti-Takeover Statutes . Assuming that the representations of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in Section 4.6 are accurate, the Company Board has taken all necessary actions so that Section 203 of the DGCL and any other similar applicable Law are not applicable to this Agreement and the Transactions. No other state takeover statute or similar statute or regulation applies to or purports to apply to the Transactions.
3.29      Exclusivity of Representations . Except for the representations and warranties of the Company expressly set forth in this Article III , (a) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (or any other Person) makes, or has made, and Parent and Merger Sub have not relied on, any representation or warranty (whether express or implied) relating to the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, operations, properties, assets, liabilities or otherwise in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions, including as to the accuracy or completeness of any such information, (b) no Person has been authorized by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make any representation or warranty relating to the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, operations, properties, assets, liabilities or otherwise in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions, including as to the accuracy or completeness thereof, and if made, such representation or warranty must not be and has not been relied upon by Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates or the Representatives of any of the foregoing as having been authorized by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any other Person), and (c) any estimate, projection, prediction, data, financial information, memorandum, presentation or any other materials or information provided or addressed to Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates or the Representatives of any of the foregoing, including any materials or information made available in the electronic data room hosted by or on behalf of the Company in connection with the Transactions or in connection with presentations by the Company’s management, are not and shall not be deemed to be or include representations or warranties unless and then only to the extent any such materials or information is expressly the subject of any express representation or warranty set forth in this Article III . Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub disclaim reliance upon any such estimates, projections, predictions, data, financial information, memoranda, presentations, information, materials, representations or warranties, except for the express representations and warranties set forth in this Article III .
ARTICLE IV     

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
PARENT AND MERGER SUB
Except (i) as disclosed in the letter delivered by Parent to the Company on the date of this Agreement (the “Parent Disclosure Letter”), Parent and Merger Sub hereby represent and warrant to the Company as follows:

47



4.1      Organization; Good Standing . Parent is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of Delaware, and has the requisite corporate power and authority to conduct its business as it is presently being conducted and to own, lease or operate its properties and assets, except where the failure to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the Transactions or the performance by Parent or Merger Sub of their respective covenants and obligations hereunder. Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware, and has the requisite corporate power and authority to conduct its business as it is presently being conducted and to own, lease or operate its respective properties and assets, except where the failure to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the Transactions or the performance by Parent or Merger Sub of their respective covenants and obligations hereunder. Neither Parent nor Merger Sub is in violation of their respective certificate of incorporation or bylaws.
4.2      Corporate Power; Enforceability . Each of Parent and Merger Sub has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform their respective covenants and obligations hereunder and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement, the performance by Parent and Merger Sub of their respective covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Transactions have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent and Merger Sub, and no additional corporate proceedings on the part of Parent or Merger Sub are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement, the performance by Parent and Merger Sub of their respective covenants and obligations hereunder or the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Transactions, subject, in the case of the consummation of the Merger, to the approval of this Agreement by the sole record stockholder of Merger Sub, which approval shall be delivered immediately after the execution and delivery of this Agreement pursuant to Section 6.15 . This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by each of Parent and Merger Sub and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of Parent and Merger Sub, enforceable against each in accordance with its terms, subject to the Enforceability Limitations.
4.3      Non-Contravention . The execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement, the performance by Parent and Merger Sub of their respective covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Transactions do not and will not (a) violate or conflict with any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of either of Parent or Merger Sub, (b) violate, conflict with, or result in the breach of or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or result in the termination of, or accelerate the performance required by, or result in a right of termination (or the loss of any benefit) or acceleration under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note,

48



bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, contract, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which Parent or Merger Sub is a party or by which Parent, Merger Sub or any of their properties or assets may be bound, (c) assuming the Consents referred to in Section 4.4 are obtained or made, violate or conflict with any Law or Order applicable to Parent or Merger Sub or by which any of their properties, assets, businesses or operations are bound or (d) result in the creation of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) upon any of the properties or assets of Parent or Merger Sub, except in the case of each of clauses (b), (c) and (d) above, as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the Transactions.
4.4      Required Governmental Approvals . No Consent of any Governmental Authority is required on the part of Parent, Merger Sub or any of their Affiliates in connection with the execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement, the performance by Parent and Merger Sub of their respective covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Transactions except (a) the filing and recordation of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and such filings with Governmental Authorities to satisfy the applicable Laws of states in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are qualified to do business, (b) such filings and approvals as may be required by any federal or state securities Laws, including compliance with any applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, (c) Consents required under, and compliance with any other applicable requirements of the HSR Act and the Antitrust Laws of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions, (d) filing with CFIUS related to obtaining CFIUS Clearance, and (e) such other Consents, the failure of which to obtain would not, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the Transactions.
4.5      Litigation . As of the date hereof, there are no Legal Proceedings pending (whether or not initiated by Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Subsidiaries) or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened against or affecting Parent or Merger Sub or any of their respective properties or assets that would, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the Transactions. Neither Parent nor Merger Sub (or any of their respective properties or assets) is subject to, as of the date hereof, any outstanding Order that would, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the Transactions.
4.6      Ownership of Company Capital Stock . Neither Parent nor Merger Sub nor any of their respective “affiliates” or “associates” (as such terms are defined in Section 203 of the DGCL) is, or at any time during the three (3) years prior to the date hereof has been, an “interested stockholder” of the Company as defined in Section 203(c) of the DGCL (other than as contemplated by this Agreement). As of the date hereof and at all times prior to the time that is immediately prior to the Effective Time, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries (including Merger Sub) is or will be the beneficial owner of any shares of Company Common Stock.

49



4.7      No Stockholder and Management Arrangements . Except (i) for the Voting Agreements, (ii) Employment Agreements and (iii) as expressly authorized by the Company, neither Parent nor Merger Sub, nor any of their respective Affiliates, is a party to any Contracts, or has made or entered into any formal or informal arrangements or other understandings (whether or not binding), with any stockholder, director, officer or other Affiliate of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to this Agreement or the Transactions, or the Surviving Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries, businesses or operations (including as to continuing employment) from and after the Effective Time.
4.8      Brokers . Except for Goldman Sachs Paris Inc. et Cie and its Affiliates, no agent, broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission payable by the Company in connection with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Sub.
4.9      Operations of Merger Sub . Merger Sub has been formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the Transactions and, prior to the Effective Time, Merger Sub will not have engaged in any other business activities and will have incurred no liabilities or obligations other than as contemplated by this Agreement.
4.10      Adjusted Awards; Freely Tradeable Shares . All Guarantor Ordinary Shares issued pursuant to the Adjusted Awards will, when issued in compliance with the terms of the applicable equity plan documentation and award agreement, (i) be duly authorized and validly issued as fully paid and non-assessable securities in the capital of Guarantor and free of any encumbrances or preemptive rights and (ii) be freely tradeable without restriction.
4.11      CFIUS . Since January 1, 2009, Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub have collectively filed voluntary notices with respect to covered transactions with the Committee, all of which resulted in CFIUS concluding action under the DPA with a determination that there were no unresolved national security concerns with respect to the transaction. None of Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub, nor, to the knowledge of Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub, any executive officer or member of the board of directors of Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub, nor any individual shareholder with over 5% ownership of Guarantor has been the subject of U.S. sanctions Laws and regulations administered by OFAC, including, OFAC’s Specially Designated Nationals List, and economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered, or enforced from time to time by the United Nations Security Council.
4.12      Sufficiency of Funds; Debt Financing .

50



(a)      Parent and Merger Sub will have, as of immediately prior to the Closing, available cash resources in an aggregate amount that is sufficient to enable Parent and Merger Sub to (i) consummate the Transactions upon the terms contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) pay all of the Merger Consideration payable in respect of each share of Company Common Stock in the Merger pursuant to this Agreement, (iii) pay all amounts payable in respect of Company Options, Company PSUs, Company RSAs, Company RSUs and the Credit Agreement Payoff Amount under this Agreement and (iv) pay the fees and expenses required to be paid by Parent, Merger Sub or the Surviving Corporation in connection with this Agreement and the Facilities Agreement.
(b)      Parent has delivered to the Company’s legal advisors a complete and accurate copy of the executed Facilities Agreement (it being understood that such Facilities Agreement has been redacted to remove all economic terms that could not adversely affect the conditionality, enforceability, termination or aggregate principal amount of the Debt Financing thereunder), dated on or about the date hereof, among Guarantor, as borrower, Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, as agent, and the arrangers and lenders party thereto (the “Facilities Agreement”), pursuant to which the lenders thereto (such lenders, together with any other Person that has committed to provide all or any part of any Debt Financing or that is acting as an arranger, bookrunner, manager, underwriter, initial purchaser, placement agent, administrative agent or a similar representative in respect of all or any part of any Debt Financing, the “Debt Financing Sources”) have committed, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, to provide the amounts set forth therein for the purposes set forth therein (the “Debt Financing”).
(c)      Except as set forth in Section 4.12(c) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, none of the Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates has entered into any Contract with any Person prohibiting or seeking to prohibit such Person from providing or seeking to provide debt financing to any Person in connection with a transaction relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with the Merger.
4.13      Exclusivity of Representations . Except for the representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub expressly set forth in this Article IV , (a) neither Parent, Merger Sub nor any of their respective Subsidiaries (or any other Person) makes, or has made, and the Company has not relied on, any representation or warranty (whether express or implied) relating to Parent, Merger Sub, their Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, operations, properties, assets, liabilities or otherwise in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions, including as to the accuracy or completeness of any such information and (b) no Person has been authorized by Parent, Merger Sub or any of their Subsidiaries to make any representation or warranty relating to Parent, Merger Sub, their Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, operations, properties, assets, liabilities or otherwise in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions, including as to the accuracy or completeness thereof, and if made, such representation or warranty must not be and has not been relied upon by the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Representatives of any of the foregoing

51



as having been authorized by Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or any of their Subsidiaries (or any other Person).
4.14      Non-Reliance . Parent and Merger Sub have each conducted, to its satisfaction, its own independent investigation of the business, operations and financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries and, in making its determination to proceed with the Transactions, each of Parent, Merger Sub and their respective Affiliates and Representatives have relied on the results of their own independent investigation. Accordingly, Parent and Merger Sub hereby acknowledge and agree that (x) except as set forth in Article III and any certificate required to be delivered by the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, none of the Company, its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective Affiliates, stockholders, directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives or advisors, nor any other Person, has made or is making any express or implied representation or warranty with respect to such estimates, projections, forecasts, forward-looking statements or business plans (including the reasonableness of the assumptions underlying such estimates, projections, forecasts, forward-looking statements or business plans), (y) except for the representations and warranties of the Company expressly set forth in Article III , none of the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (or any other Person) makes, or has made, any representation or warranty (whether express or implied) relating to the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, operations, properties, assets, liabilities or otherwise in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions, including as to the accuracy or completeness of any such information, and none of Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates or Representatives is relying on any representation or warranty except for those representations and warranties of the Company expressly set forth in Article III , and (z) no Person has been authorized by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make any representation or warranty relating to the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, operations, properties, assets, liabilities or otherwise in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions, and if made, such representation or warranty has not been and may not be relied upon by Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates or Representatives as having been authorized by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any other Person).
ARTICLE V     

COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY
5.1      Interim Conduct of Business .
(a)      Except (i) as expressly contemplated, permitted or restricted by this Agreement, (ii) as set forth in Section 5.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter or (iii) as approved by Parent (which approval will not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), at all times during the period commencing with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VII and the Effective

52



Time, each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries shall conduct its business in all material respects in the ordinary course of business and use its reasonable efforts to keep available the services of the current officers, key employees and consultants of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, maintain and preserve the current relationships and goodwill of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries with customers, consultants, licensors, licensees, creditors, lessors, suppliers and other Persons whom the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has significant business relations, maintain in effect all of its Permits and preserve substantially intact its business organization.
(b)      Except (i)  as expressly contemplated or required by this Agreement, (ii) as set forth in Section 5.1 of the Company Disclosure Letter or (iii) as approved by Parent (which approval will not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), at all times during the period commencing with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VII and the Effective Time, the Company shall not do any of the following and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to do any of the following (it being understood and hereby agreed that if any action is expressly permitted by any of the following subsections, such action shall be expressly permitted under Section 5.1(a) ):
(i)      amend its certificate of incorporation or bylaws or comparable Organizational Documents other than to include a forum selection bylaw;
(ii)      issue, sell or deliver (whether through the issuance or granting of options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions, rights to purchase or otherwise) any Company Securities or any Subsidiary Securities, except for (A) the issuance and sale of shares of Company Common Stock upon the exercise of Company Options outstanding as of the date hereof, (B) the issuance of shares of Company Common Stock upon the vesting or settlement of Company PSUs or Company RSUs outstanding as of the date hereof, (C) the issuance of shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Company ESPP in accordance with its terms in effect as of the date hereof, and subject to Section 1.6(h) , and (D) purchase rights issued under the Company ESPP in accordance with its terms in effect as of the date hereof, and subject to Section 1.6(h) ;
(iii)      directly or indirectly repurchase or redeem any Company Securities or Subsidiary Securities, except (A) upon forfeiture or repurchases of Company Securities pursuant to the terms and conditions of Company Equity Awards outstanding as of the date hereof and (B) in connection with Tax withholdings and exercise price settlements, as applicable, upon the exercise, vesting or settlement, as applicable, of Company Equity Awards outstanding as of the date hereof;
(iv)      (A) split, combine, subdivide or reclassify any shares of capital stock or (B) declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, shares

53



or property or any combination thereof) in respect of any shares of capital stock, or make any other actual, constructive or deemed distribution in respect of the shares of capital stock, except for dividends or other distributions made by any wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or one of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries;
(v)      adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger);
(vi)      (A) incur or assume any long-term or short-term debt for borrowed monies or issue any debt securities, except for (1) debt incurred in the ordinary course of business under letters of credit, lines of credit or other credit facilities or arrangements in effect on the date hereof and (2) loans or advances between the Company and any of its Subsidiaries, or between any of the Company’s Subsidiaries; (B) assume, guarantee, endorse or otherwise become liable or responsible (whether directly, contingently or otherwise) for the obligations of any other Person in excess of $5,000 in the aggregate, except with respect to obligations of any Subsidiary of the Company; or (C) mortgage or pledge any of its or its Subsidiaries’ assets, tangible or intangible, or create or suffer to exist any Lien thereupon in excess of $500,000 in the aggregate, in each case, other than Permitted Liens;
(vii)      except as may be required by applicable Law or the terms of any Collective Bargaining Agreement or Employee Plan, (A) enter into, establish, adopt, amend, modify or terminate any Employee Plan (including any plan, agreement, program, policy or other arrangement that would be an Employee Plan if it were in existence as of the date of this Agreement) other than in connection with routine, immaterial or ministerial amendments to health and welfare plans that do not materially increase benefits or result in a material increase in administrative costs, (B) grant any equity or equity-based awards, (C) increase the compensation or benefits payable or provided to any current or former director, officer, employee or other service provider of the Company and its Subsidiaries other than increases in the ordinary course of business for those employees with an annual base salary and annual target cash bonus not in excess of $250,000, (D) grant or provide any change in control, severance, termination retention or similar payments or benefits to any current or former director, officer, employee or service provider of the Company and its Subsidiaries (including any obligation to gross-up, indemnify or otherwise reimburse any such individual for any Tax incurred by any such individual, including under Section 409A or 4999 of the Code), (E) accelerate the time of payment or vesting of, or the lapsing of restrictions with respect to, or fund or otherwise secure the payment of, any compensation or benefits (including any equity or equity-based awards) to any current or former director, officer, employee or service provider of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (F) hire, engage, or make an offer to hire or engage, any officer, employee or individual independent contractor whose

54



annual base pay or fee, annual target cash bonus and cash sign-on bonus (if any) exceeds $250,000 in the aggregate, (G) terminate the employment of any current officer or employee whose annual base pay or fee and annual target cash bonus exceeds $250,000 other than for cause (as reasonably determined by the Company or its Subsidiary), or (H) amend or modify any performance criteria, metrics or targets under any Employee Plan such that, as compared to those criteria, metrics or targets under any Employee Plan in effect as of the date of this Agreement, the performance criteria, metrics or targets would reasonably be expected to be more likely to be achieved than in the absence of such amendment or modification;
(viii)      become a party to, establish, adopt, amend, commence participation in or terminate any collective bargaining agreement or other agreement with a labor union, works council or other employee representative body;
(ix)      settle any pending or threatened Legal Proceeding for an amount in excess of $500,000, individually or $1,000,000 in the aggregate, provided that such settlement does not include any obligation (other than the payment of money) to be performed by, or material restrictions imposed against, the Company or its Subsidiaries following the Effective Time that is, individually or in the aggregate, material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as whole;
(x)      except as may be required as a result of a change in applicable Law or in GAAP, make any material change in any of the accounting principles or practices used by it;
(xi)      (A) make, change or revoke any material Tax election or material Tax accounting method or period, (B) settle or compromise any material Tax liability or surrender any right to claim a material refund of Taxes (in each case except to the extent the consequences thereof are adequately reserved in accordance with GAAP in the Company SEC Reports) or (C) consent to any extension or waiver of any limitation period with respect to any claim or assessment for material Taxes;
(xii)      (A) acquire (by merger, consolidation or acquisition of stock or assets) any other Person (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) or any equity interest therein, (B) other than in the ordinary course of business, dispose of any properties or assets (including, terminating, allowing to expire or failing to exercise a renewal right with respect to any Lease) of the Company or its Subsidiaries (other than to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), or (C) make any loans or advances to any other Person (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), except for travel or business expense advances in the ordinary course of business to employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or members of the Company Board;

55



(xiii)      sell, transfer, license, cancel, abandon, allow to lapse or otherwise dispose of any Owned Intellectual Property Rights or Personal Information (except as required by Privacy Obligations or Privacy Laws), or otherwise take any action or fail to take any action which action or failure to act has resulted or would reasonably be expected to result in the loss or reduction in value of any material Owned Intellectual Property Rights, except for non-exclusive licenses solely to access SaaS services or to software in object code form granted to (1) customers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in accordance in all material respects with the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ form terms of service, end user agreements and support and maintenance agreements that have been identified and disclosed to Guarantor or Parent, or (2) incidentally to suppliers and vendors solely to provide services or products to the Company or its Subsidiaries, in each case as entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(xiv)      take or omit to take any action that would, or would purport to, bind, or grant or transfer any right, title or interest of the Parent or its Affiliates, in Intellectual Property Rights, or take any other action within the scope of Section 3.15(o) (Company and its Subsidiaries acknowledge that they have no authority to undertake any such action);
(xv)      enter into, terminate or materially amend, modify, supplement or waive any material right to enforce, relinquish, release, transfer or assign any material rights or claims under any Material Contract or Lease that would have been required to be disclosed pursuant to Section 3.12 or Section 3.13 (or any Contract that would be a Material Contract or Lease if it were in effect as of the date of this Agreement), other than in the ordinary course of business;
(xvi)      authorize, make or enter into any Contract for, or incur, any capital expenditure or any obligations or liabilities in respect thereof (including the capitalization of research and development costs and software development costs) in excess of $18,000,000 in the aggregate in the second quarter 2019, $14,700,000 in the third quarter of 2019 and $15,000,000 in the fourth quarter of 2019; provided, that such capital expenditure, obligation or liability is set forth in the 2019 capital expenditure budget set forth on Section 5.1(b)(xvi) of the Company Disclosure Letter;
(xvii)      amend or modify the engagement letter of the Company’s financial advisor in a manner than increases the fee or commission payable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(xviii)      reinvest the proceeds of any of its investments in marketable securities (including, any investments in high quality commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. government debt obligations) that are sold or mature between the date of this

56



Agreement and the Effective Time, except for reinvestments into open-ended mutual funds that invest in short-term debt securities or money deposited in a bank or financial institute of international reputation, in each case, with maturities of no more than three (3) months; or
(xix)      enter into a Contract, or otherwise resolve or agree in any legally binding manner, to take any of the actions prohibited by this Section 5.1(b) .
(c)      Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Agreement is intended to give Parent, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct the business or operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries at any time prior to the Effective Time. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company and its Subsidiaries shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, complete control and supervision over their own business and operations.
5.2      No Solicitation .
(a)      Subject to Section 5.2(b) , at all times during the period commencing with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VII and the Effective Time, the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries, its and any of their respective directors, officers or other employees or controlled affiliates, and shall instruct, and use reasonable best efforts to cause, any investment banker, attorney or other authorized agent or representative retained by any of them (collectively, “Representatives”) to, immediately cease any and all existing discussions or negotiations with any Persons conducted heretofore with respect to any Acquisition Proposal or inquiry or proposal that would reasonably be expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal, terminate access to any physical or electronic dataroom relating to the Company for any such Acquisition Proposal and request the prompt return or destruction of any confidential information provided to any third party in connection with an Acquisition Proposal. Subject to Section 5.2(b) , at all times during the period commencing with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VII and the Effective Time, the Company shall not, and shall cause its Subsidiaries, its and any of their respective directors, officers or other employees or controlled affiliates, and shall instruct, and use reasonable best efforts to cause, any investment banker, attorney or other authorized agent or representative retained by any of them not to, and not to publicly announce any intention to, directly or indirectly, (i) solicit, initiate or knowingly induce the making, submission or announcement of, or knowingly encourage, facilitate or assist, any inquiry, discussion, offer or request that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, an Acquisition Proposal, (ii) furnish to any Person (other than Parent, Merger Sub or any Representatives or designees of Parent or Merger Sub) any non-public information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or afford to any Person (other than Parent, Merger Sub or any designees of Parent or Merger Sub) access to the business, properties, assets, books, records or other

57



non-public information, or to any personnel, of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each such case, in connection with an Acquisition Proposal or any inquiries or the making of any proposal, offer or request that would reasonably be expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal, (iii) participate or engage in discussions or negotiations with any Person with respect to an Acquisition Proposal or any inquiry, discussion, or negotiation that constitutes, or would reasonably be expected to lead to, an Acquisition Proposal, (iv) enter into any Alternative Acquisition Agreement, (v) approve, agree to, accept, endorse or recommended any Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Transaction or (vi) approve any transaction, or any person becoming an “interested stockholder”, under Section 203 of the DGCL. The Company acknowledges and agrees that any action that if taken by the Company would be a material breach of this Section 5.2 is taken by a Representative of the Company, such action shall be deemed to constitute a breach of this Section 5.2 by the Company.
(b)      Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Section 5.2 or elsewhere in this Agreement, prior to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval, if any Person makes a bona fide written Acquisition Proposal to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that was not solicited in violation of Section 5.2(a) and that the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with its financial advisor and outside legal counsel) either constitutes or could reasonably be expected to lead to a Superior Proposal, the Company Board may, directly or indirectly through the Company’s Representatives, (i) participate or engage in discussions or negotiations with such Person and/or (ii) furnish to such Person any non-public information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and/or afford such Person access to the business, properties, assets, books, records or other non-public information, or the personnel, of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case under this clause (ii) pursuant to an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement; provided that contemporaneously with furnishing any non-public information to such Person, the Company furnishes such non-public information to Parent to the extent such information has not been previously furnished by the Company to Parent and to the extent permitted by applicable Law or Order; provided , however , that in the case of any action taken pursuant to the preceding clauses (i) or (ii), (A) the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof determines in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that the failure to take such action would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties, and (B) the Company gives Parent written notice of the identity of such Person and a copy of such Acquisition Proposal and of the Company’s intention to participate or engage in discussions or negotiations with, or furnish non-public information to, such Person.
(c)      Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Section 5.2 or elsewhere in this Agreement, prior to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval, the Company agrees to enforce, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall terminate, amend, modify or waive any rights under, or release any Person (other than Parent and Merger Sub) from, any “standstill” or other similar agreement between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and such Person, on the other, unless the Company Board and/or any authorized committee

58



thereof determines in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that the failure to take such action would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties.
(d)      In addition to the obligations of the Company set forth in Section 5.2(a) , the Company shall promptly (but, in any event, within twenty-four (24) hours) notify Parent if it or any director, officer or other Representative of the Company receives (i) any inquiries, proposals or offers with respect to, or which could reasonably be expected to lead to, an Acquisition Proposal, (ii) any request for information that would reasonably be expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal, or (iii) any inquiry with respect to, or request for discussions or negotiations in connection with, or which would reasonably be expected to lead to, any Acquisition Proposal, which notice shall set forth the terms and conditions of such Acquisition Proposal, request or inquiry, and the identity of the Person or group making any such Acquisition Proposal, request or inquiry. The Company shall thereafter (1) keep Parent reasonably informed, on a prompt basis of the status and material terms and conditions of any such Acquisition Proposals, requests or inquiries (including any amendments, modifications or supplements thereto, within twenty-four (24) hours following receipt thereof) and the status of any such discussions or negotiations and (2) provide Parent (or its outside legal counsel) with unredacted copies of all writings or media containing any terms or conditions of any proposals or proposed transaction agreements relating to any Acquisition Proposal as promptly as practicable (and in any event, within twenty-four (24) hours following the receipt or delivery thereof). The Company agrees that it shall not, and shall cause its Subsidiaries not to, enter into any confidentiality agreement subsequent to the date hereof that prohibits the Company from providing to Parent such material terms and conditions and other information.
ARTICLE VI     

ADDITIONAL COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS
6.1      Company Stockholder Approval .
(a)      Proxy Statement and Other SEC Filings .
(i)      Promptly following the date of this Agreement (and in any event, no later than fifteen (15) Business Days after the date of this Agreement), the Company will prepare and file with the SEC a preliminary proxy statement (as amended or supplemented, the “Proxy Statement”) relating to the Company Stockholder Meeting. Subject to Section 6.1(c) , the Company must include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement.
(ii)      If the Company determines that it is required to file or furnish any document other than the Proxy Statement with the SEC in connection with the Merger

59



pursuant to applicable Law (such document, as amended or supplemented, an “Other Required Company Filing”), then the Company shall promptly prepare and file such Other Required Company Filing with the SEC. The Company shall cause the Proxy Statement and any Other Required Company Filing to comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules of the SEC and NASDAQ Stock Market. The Company may not file, furnish or deliver the Proxy Statement, any Other Required Company Filing or any other documents and communications related to the Company Stockholders Meeting with the SEC and/or the Company’s Stockholders without providing Parent and its counsel a reasonable opportunity to review and comment thereon, which comments shall be considered by the Company in good faith for inclusion therein. The Company agrees that all information relating to Parent, its Affiliates and their respective Representatives included in the Proxy Statement, any Other Required Company Filing or any other documents and communications related to the Company Stockholders Meeting shall be in form and content satisfactory to Parent, acting reasonably. On the date of filing, the date of mailing to the Company Stockholders (if applicable) and at the time of the Company Stockholder Meeting, neither the Proxy Statement nor any Other Required Company Filing will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not false or misleading. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company assumes no responsibility for any information supplied by Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or any of their Affiliates for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Proxy Statement or any Other Required Company Filing. The information supplied by the Company or its Affiliates for inclusion or incorporation by reference in any Other Required Parent Filings will not, at the time that such Other Required Parent Filing is filed or furnished with the SEC, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
(iii)      If Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates is/are required to file or furnish any document with the SEC in connection with the Merger or the Company Stockholder Meeting pursuant to applicable Law (an “Other Required Parent Filing”), then Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub shall, and shall cause their respective Affiliates to, promptly prepare and file such Other Required Parent Filing with the SEC. Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub shall cause, and shall cause their respective Affiliates to cause, any Other Required Parent Filing to comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules of the SEC. Neither Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub nor any of their respective Affiliates may file any Other Required Parent Filing (or any amendment thereto) with the SEC without providing the Company and its counsel,

60



to the extent practicable, a reasonable opportunity to review and comment thereon, which comments shall be considered by Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or their respective Affiliates in good faith. On the date of filing, the date of mailing to the Company Stockholders (if applicable) and at the time of the Company Stockholder Meeting, no Other Required Parent Filing will knowingly contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not false or misleading. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent or Merger Sub assume no responsibility for any information supplied by the Company or its Affiliates for inclusion or incorporation by reference in any Other Required Parent Filing. The information supplied by Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub and their respective Affiliates for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Proxy Statement or any Other Required Company Filing will not, at the time that the Proxy Statement or such Other Required Company Filing is filed or furnished with the SEC, knowingly contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
(iv)      Each of the Company, on the one hand, and Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub, on the other hand, shall furnish all information concerning it and its Affiliates, if applicable, as the other party may reasonably request in connection with the preparation and filing with the SEC of the Proxy Statement and any Other Required Company Filing or any Other Required Parent Filing. If at any time prior to the Company Stockholder Meeting any information relating to the Company, Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates should be discovered by the Company, on the one hand, or Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub, on the other hand, that should be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement, any Other Required Company Filing or any Other Required Parent Filing, as the case may be, so that such filing would not include any misstatement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, then the party that discovers such information will promptly notify the other, and an appropriate amendment or supplement to such filing describing such information will be promptly prepared and filed with the SEC by the appropriate party (with the assistance of the other parties) and, to the extent required by applicable law or the SEC or its staff, disseminated to the Company Stockholders.
(v)      The Company and its Affiliates, on the one hand, and Parent, Merger Sub and their respective Affiliates, on the other hand, may not communicate in writing with the SEC or its staff with respect to the Proxy Statement, any Other Required Company Filing or any Other Required Parent Filing, as the case may be, without providing the other, to the extent practicable, a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on such written

61



communication, which comments shall be considered by the filing party in good faith. Except in connection with a Company Board Recommendation Change, no amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement will be made by the Company without the prior approval of Parent, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.
(vi)      The Company, on the one hand, and Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub, on the other hand, will advise the other, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of (A) any receipt of a request by the SEC or its staff for any amendment or revisions to the Proxy Statement, any Other Required Company Filing or any Other Required Parent Filing, as the case may be, (B) any receipt of comments from the SEC or its staff on the Proxy Statement, any Other Required Company Filing or any Other Required Parent Filing, as the case may be, or (C) any receipt of a request by the SEC or its staff for additional information in connection therewith. Each of the Company, Guarantor and Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to promptly provide responses to the SEC upon the receipt of any request or comment set forth in clauses (A), (B) and (C) of the preceding sentence from the SEC or its staff.
(vii)      Subject to applicable Law, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Proxy Statement to be disseminated to the Company Stockholders as promptly as reasonably practicable following the filing thereof with the SEC and confirmation from the SEC that it will not review, or that it has completed its review of, the Proxy Statement (which confirmation will be deemed to occur if the SEC has not affirmatively notified the Company prior to the end of the tenth (10th) calendar day after filing the preliminary Proxy Statement that the SEC will or will not be reviewing the Proxy Statement) (the “SEC Clearance Date”).
(b)      Stockholder Meeting .
(i)      The Company shall establish a record date for, call, give notice of, convene and hold a meeting of the Company Stockholders as promptly as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement for the purpose of voting upon the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with Delaware Law (the “Company Stockholder Meeting”); provided that, without the prior written consent of Parent and subject to the exceptions set forth in the last sentence of this Section 6.1(b)(i) , (x) the Company Stockholder Meeting shall not be scheduled for any day later than thirty-five (35) calendar days after the SEC Clearance Date and (y) the Company may not adjourn or postpone the Company Stockholder Meeting. Once established, the Company shall not change the record date for the Company Stockholder Meeting without the prior written consent of Parent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, nothing will prevent the Company from postponing or adjourning the

62



Company Stockholder Meeting if (A) there are holders of an insufficient number of shares of Company Common Stock present or represented by proxy at the Company Stockholder Meeting to constitute a quorum at the Company Stockholder Meeting, (B) the Company Board (or any committee thereof) has determined in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that such postponement or adjournment is required by an order or a request from the SEC or its staff, (C) the Company Board (or any committee thereof) has determined in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that such postponement or adjournment is required by applicable Law to allow reasonable additional time for the filing or mailing of any supplemental or amended disclosure that the Company has determined in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) is reasonably likely to be required under applicable Law and to give the Company Stockholders sufficient time to evaluate such supplemental or amended disclosure or (D) Parent consents to such postponement or adjournment; provided , however that in no event shall the Company Stockholder Meeting be postponed or adjourned (1) with respect to Section 6.1(b)(i) (A), by more than twenty (20) days after the date on which the Company Stockholder Meeting was (or was required to be) originally scheduled, without the prior written consent of Parent or (2) with respect to Section 6.1(b)(i) (B) and Section 6.1(b)(i) (C), by more than ten (10) days, or such other amount of time reasonably agreed by the Company and Parent to be necessary to comply with applicable Law.
(ii)      The Company shall, at the instruction of Parent, postpone or adjourn the Company Stockholders Meeting if there are not sufficient votes in person or by proxy to secure the Requisite Stockholder Approval to allow reasonable time for the solicitation of proxies for the purpose of obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval (which instruction Parent may only issue once, except that Parent may issue an additional instruction after any material change in the terms of the Transaction).
(iii)      The Company shall solicit from Company Stockholders proxies in favor of the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with Delaware Law, and unless the Company Board has effected a Company Board Recommendation Change, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to secure the Requisite Stockholder Approval at the Company Stockholder Meeting. Unless this Agreement is earlier terminated pursuant to Article VII , the Company shall establish a record date for, call, give notice of, convene and hold the Company Stockholder Meeting for the purpose of voting upon the adoption of this Agreement in accordance with Delaware Law, whether or not the Company Board at any time subsequent to the date hereof shall have effected a Company Board Recommendation Change or otherwise shall determine that this Agreement is no longer advisable or recommends that the Company Stockholders reject it.
(c)      Company Board Recommendation .

63



(i)      Subject to the provisions of this Section 6.1(c) , (A) the Company Board shall (x) recommend that the Company Stockholders adopt this Agreement in accordance with the applicable provisions of Delaware Law (“Company Board Recommendation”) and (y) include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement, and (B) neither the Company Board nor any committee thereof shall (1) withhold, withdraw, amend or modify in a manner adverse to Parent, or publicly propose to withhold, withdraw, amend or modify in a manner adverse to Parent, the Company Board Recommendation, (2) approve, endorse or recommend, or propose publicly to approve, endorse or recommend, an Acquisition Proposal or proposal reasonably expected to lead to an Acquisition Proposal or approve or recommend, or publicly declare advisable or publicly propose to enter into, or enter into, any Alternative Acquisition Agreement, (3) following the date any Acquisition Proposal or any material modification thereto is first made public or sent or given to stockholders of the Company, fail to issue a press release publicly reaffirming the Company Board Recommendation and recommending rejection of such Acquisition Proposal within ten (10) Business Days (or, if earlier, prior to the Company Stockholders Meeting) following Parent’s written request to do so (which request may only be made once with respect to any such Acquisition Proposal, except that Parent may make an additional request after any material change in the terms of such Acquisition Proposal), (4) fail to include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement, or (5) agree, authorize or commit to do any of the foregoing (each of clauses (1) through (5), a “Company Board Recommendation Change”); provided , however , that any communication contemplated by Section 6.1(c)(iv) shall not be deemed to be a Company Board Recommendation Change provided that any such communication shall include an affirmative statement to the effect that the Company Board Recommendation is affirmed or remains unchanged.
(ii)      Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, at any time prior to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval, the Company Board may, in response to a Superior Proposal that did not result from a breach of Section 5.2(a) , effect a Company Board Recommendation Change if the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that the failure to effect a Company Board Recommendation Change would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties and only if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
(A)      (i) the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that the failure to enter into a definitive agreement relating to such Superior Proposal would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties; (ii) the Company shall have first delivered notice to Parent at least four (4) Business Days in advance to the effect

64



that the Company Board is prepared to effect a Company Board Recommendation Change, which notice shall attach in full the most current version of any written agreement relating to the transaction that constitutes such Superior Proposal (a “Superior Proposal Notice”) (it being agreed that the Superior Proposal Notice and any amendment or update to such notice and the determination to so deliver such notice, or update or amend public disclosures with respect thereto shall not constitute a Company Board Recommendation Change for purposes of this Agreement); (iii) if requested by Parent, the Company and its Representatives shall negotiate in good faith with Parent’s Representatives regarding any bona fide proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement during the period beginning at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the day of delivery by the Company to Parent of such Superior Proposal Notice and ending at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the fourth (4th) Business Day following the day of such delivery so that the Acquisition Proposal that is the subject of the foregoing notice is no longer a Superior Proposal (it being understood and agreed that with respect to any material amendment to any Acquisition Proposal that is the subject of a previously delivered Superior Proposal Notice, the Company shall have given Parent another notice based on such Acquisition Proposal, as so amended (a “Proposal Amendment Notice”), and if requested by Parent, the Company and its Representatives shall discuss and negotiate with Parent’s Representatives any bona fide proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement during the period beginning at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the day of delivery by the Company to Parent of such Proposal Amendment Notice and ending at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the third (3rd) Business Day following the day of such delivery); and
(B)      the Company Board shall have determined in good faith, after considering the results of such negotiations and giving effect to any proposals, amendments and modifications made in writing by Guarantor and Parent that would be binding on Guarantor and Parent if executed by the Company, and after consultation with the Company’s financial advisors and legal advisors, that the Superior Proposal giving rise to such Superior Proposal Notice (or Proposal Amendment Notice) continues to be a Superior Proposal.
(iii)      Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, at any time prior to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval, the Company Board may, in response to an Intervening Event, effect a Company Board Recommendation Change only if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
(A)      (i) the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that the failure to make a Company Board Recommendation Change in light of such Intervening Event would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties; (ii) the Company shall have first delivered a notice to Parent at least four (4) Business Days

65



in advance to the effect that the Company Board is prepared to effect a Company Board Recommendation Change, which notice shall include a description of such Intervening Event in reasonable detail (an “Intervening Event Notice”) (it being agreed that the Intervening Event Notice and any amendment or update to such notice and the determination to so deliver such notice, or update or amend public disclosures with respect thereto shall not constitute a Company Board Recommendation Change for purposes of this Agreement); and (iii) if requested by Parent, the Company and its Representatives shall discuss and negotiate in good faith with Parent’s Representatives regarding any bona fide proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement during the period beginning at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the day of delivery by the Company to Parent of such Intervening Event Notice and ending at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the fourth (4th) Business Day following the day of such delivery so that the Intervening Event that is the subject of the foregoing notice is no longer an Intervening Event (it being understood and agreed that in the event of any material change in any event, occurrence or facts relating to such Intervening Event, the Company shall provide a new notice (an “Amended Intervening Event Notice”), and if requested by Parent, the Company and its Representatives shall discuss and negotiate with Parent’s Representatives any bona fide proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement during the period beginning at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the day of delivery by the Company to Parent of the Amended Intervening Event Notice and ending at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the third (3rd) Business Day following the day of such delivery); and
(B)      the Company Board shall have determined in good faith, after considering the results of such negotiations and giving effect to any proposals, amendments and modifications made in writing by Guarantor and Parent that would be binding on Guarantor and Parent if executed by the Company, and after consultation with the Company’s financial advisors and legal advisors, that the failure to make a Company Board Recommendation Change in light of such Intervening Event would still reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties.
(iv)      Nothing in this Agreement shall prohibit the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof from (a) taking and disclosing to the Company Stockholders a position contemplated by Rule 14e-2(a) under the Exchange Act or complying with the provisions of Rule 14d-9 promulgated under the Exchange Act, and (b) making any disclosure to the Company Stockholders that the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof determines in good faith (after the consultation with its outside legal counsel) that the failure to make such disclosure would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties; provided that, in either such case, any such statement(s) or disclosures made by the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof will be subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the provisions of Article

66



VII ; provided, further , that in no event shall the Company or the Company Board take, agree or resolve to take any action prohibited by Section 6.1(c)(i) , subject to the introductory proviso thereto.
6.2      Efforts to Close .
(a)      Reasonable Best Efforts . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, including the limitations contained in Sections 6.3 and 6.4 , each of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its respective Representatives to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other Party or Parties in doing, all things reasonably necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Law or otherwise to consummate and make effective, as promptly as practicable, the Merger and the other Transactions, including using reasonable best efforts to: (i) cause the conditions to the Merger set forth in Section 2.2 to be satisfied or fulfilled as promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement; (ii) obtain, as promptly as practicable after the date of this Agreement, and maintain all necessary actions or non-actions, waivers, consents, approvals, orders and authorizations from any Governmental Authorities and make all necessary registrations, declarations and filings with any Governmental Authorities that are necessary to consummate the Merger; and (iii) obtain all necessary or appropriate consents, waivers and approvals under any Contracts or Leases to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party in connection with this Agreement and the consummation of the Transactions so as to maintain and preserve the benefits under such Contracts or Leases following the consummation of the Transactions.
(b)      Forbearance . In addition to the foregoing, neither Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub, on the one hand, nor (subject to the Company’s rights under Section 6.3 ) the Company, on the other hand, shall acquire or undertake to acquire any business, branch of activity or the control of any entity, if such acquisition would reasonably be expected to materially prevent, impair or delay beyond the Termination Date the obtaining of, the consent, approval, order or authorization of any Governmental Authority under an applicable Antitrust Laws in any of the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions.
(c)      No Consent Fee . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company shall not be required prior to the Effective Time to pay any consent or other similar fee, “profit sharing” or other similar payment or other consideration (including increased rent or other similar payments or any amendments, supplements or other modifications to (or waivers of) the existing terms of any Contract), or the provision of additional security (including a guaranty) to obtain the consent, waiver or approval of any Person under any Contract required as a result of the signing of this Agreement or the consummation of the Transactions unless Parent or its Affiliates agree to compensate any such Person on the Company’s behalf or to promptly reimburse the

67



Company for any payments made or liabilities to such Person, in each case, in connection with obtaining such consent.
6.3      Regulatory Approvals .
(a)      Each of Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company (and their respective Affiliates, if applicable) shall with respect to the Transactions (x) file with the FTC and the Antitrust Division of the DOJ a Notification and Report Form relating to this Agreement and the Transactions as required by the HSR Act as soon as practicable after the date of this Agreement but in no event later than ten (10) Business Days following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and (y) file comparable pre-merger or post-merger notification filings, forms and submissions with any foreign Governmental Authority that are required in the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions as soon as practicable after the date of this Agreement but in no event later than fifteen (15) Business Days following the execution and delivery of this Agreement. Guarantor, Parent and the Company shall each request early termination of the waiting period provided for in the HSR Act. Each of Guarantor, Parent and the Company shall (i) cooperate and coordinate with the other in the making of such filings (including, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, providing copies, or portions thereof, of all such documents to the non-filing Parties prior to filing and considering all reasonable additions, deletions or changes suggested in connection therewith) and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry of any Governmental Authority under any applicable Laws or Orders with respect to any such filing, (ii) supply outside counsel for the other Party with any information that may be required in order to make such filings, (iii) supply any additional information that may be required or requested by the FTC, the DOJ or any other Governmental Authorities, including of any other applicable jurisdiction in which any such filing is made, under any other applicable Laws, and (iv) use reasonable best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other Parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to cause the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting periods under the HSR Act or other applicable Antitrust Laws in the Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions as promptly as practicable, to obtain any required consents under any other Laws applicable to the Merger as promptly as practicable, and to avoid any impediment to the consummation of the Merger under any applicable Laws or Orders.
(b)      Each of Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company (and their respective Affiliates, if applicable) shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain CFIUS Clearance as promptly as practicable, including, considering in good faith any request by CFIUS that Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub enter into any form of mitigation agreement; provided , however that Guarantor and Parent and their respective Affiliates shall not be required to accept any condition, restriction or other action required by CFIUS that reasonably in good faith could be considered by the Guarantor as burdening or negatively affecting Guarantor’s or its Affiliates’ ability to retain or operate Guarantor’s, the Company’s or their respective Affiliates’ businesses, operations, product lines or

68



assets from and after the Closing. Each of Guarantor, Parent and the Company shall promptly furnish to the other copies of any notices or communications received by it or any of its Affiliates from CFIUS or any of its constituent agencies with respect to the Transactions, unless otherwise prohibited by any Governmental Authority or Law, and each of Guarantor, Parent and the Company shall permit the other’s counsel to have an opportunity to review in advance, and Guarantor or such Party shall consider in good faith the views of such other Party’s counsel in connection with, any proposed communications by such Party or its Affiliates to CFIUS concerning the Transactions (except for personal identifier information or other confidential information concerning Guarantor, Parent or its Affiliates provided to CFIUS). Should any Party wish to have any material communication with CFIUS, then it should provide prompt notice to the other Party and a description of the envisaged communication beforehand. In furtherance and not in limitation of the foregoing, as promptly as practicable after the execution of this Agreement, Guarantor, Parent and the Company shall prepare, prefile and then, as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter, file with CFIUS a joint voluntary notice pursuant to DPA with respect to the Transactions. Guarantor, Parent and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to provide CFIUS with any additional or supplemental information requested by CFIUS during their respective reviews as promptly as practicable, and in all cases within the amount of time allowed by CFIUS, as applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, in the event that CFIUS notifies Guarantor, Parent and the Company that CFIUS (i) has completed its review or investigation and determined that it has unresolved national security concerns and (ii) intends to send a report to the President of the United States requesting the President’s decision because it either (A) recommends that the President act to suspend or prohibit the Merger, (B) is unable to reach a decision on whether to recommend that the President suspend or prohibit the Merger or (C) requests that the President make a determination with respect to the Merger (a “CFIUS Turndown”), Parent may request a withdrawal of the notice filed with CFIUS in connection with the CFIUS Clearance and neither Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub nor the Company shall have any further obligation to seek CFIUS Clearance.
(c)      Each of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub (and their respective Affiliates, if applicable), on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, shall promptly inform the other of any material communication from any Governmental Authority regarding any of the Transactions in connection with any filings or investigations with, by or before any Governmental Authority relating to this Agreement or the Transactions, including any proceedings initiated by a private party. If any Party or Affiliate thereof shall receive a request for additional information or documentary material from any Governmental Authority with respect to the Transactions pursuant to the HSR Act or any other applicable Laws with respect to which any such filings have been made, then such Party shall use its reasonable best efforts to make, or cause to be made, as soon as reasonably practicable and after consultation with the other Party, an appropriate response in compliance with such request. In connection with and without limiting the foregoing, to the extent reasonably

69



practicable and unless prohibited by applicable Law or by the applicable Governmental Authority, Guarantor and the Parties agree to (i) give each other reasonable advanced notice of all meetings with any Governmental Authority relating to the Transactions, (ii) give each other an opportunity to participate in each of such meetings if permitted by the relevant Governmental Authority, (iii) keep the other Party reasonably apprised with respect to any material oral communications with any Governmental Authority regarding the Transactions, (iv) cooperate in the filing of any analyses, presentations, memoranda, briefs, arguments, opinions or other written communications explaining or defending the Transactions, articulating any regulatory or competitive argument and/or responding to requests or objections made by any Governmental Authority, (v) provide outside legal counsel for the other Party with a reasonable advance opportunity to review and comment upon, and consider in good faith the views of the other Party with respect to, all written communications (including any analyses, presentations, memoranda, briefs, arguments and opinions) with a Governmental Authority regarding the Transactions, (vi) provide each other (or outside counsel of each Party, as appropriate) with copies of all written communications to or from any Governmental Authority relating to the Transactions, and (vii) cooperate and provide each other (or outside counsel of each Party, as appropriate) with a reasonable opportunity to participate in, and consider in good faith the views of the other Party with respect to, all material deliberations with respect to all efforts to satisfy the conditions set forth in Sections 2.2(a)(ii) and 2.2(a)(iii) . Any such disclosures, rights to participate or provisions of information by one Party to the other Party may be made on a counsel-only basis to the extent required under applicable Law or as appropriate to protect confidential business information. The Parties and Guarantor shall take reasonable best efforts to share information protected from disclosure under the attorney-client privilege, work product doctrine, joint defense privilege or any other privilege pursuant to this Section 6.3 in a manner so as to preserve the applicable privilege.
(d)      The Parties shall jointly develop, consult and cooperate with one another regarding, the strategy for obtaining any necessary approval of, or responding to any request from, inquiry by, or investigation by (including directing the timing, nature and substance of all such responses), any Governmental Authority in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including determining the timing and content of any registrations, filings, agreements, forms, notices, petitions, statements, submissions of information, applications and other documents, communications and correspondence contemplated by, made in accordance with, or subject to this Section 6.3 ; provided , however , if the Parties cannot agree on a jointly developed strategy or appropriate course of action or content of any submission, notwithstanding their respective good faith attempts to do so, Guarantor shall have the right to make the final determination with respect to such matter; provided , further , and without limiting the foregoing, that Guarantor will consult with the Company and consider in good faith the views of the Company in advance of making any final decisions with respect to such matter.

70



(e)      With respect to obtaining the Consents required under, and compliance with any other applicable requirements of the HSR Act and any applicable foreign Antitrust Laws, and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the “reasonable best efforts” of Parent and Guarantor shall include (i) proposing, negotiating, committing to and effecting, by consent decree, hold separate order or otherwise, the sale, divestiture, disposition, license or other disposition of any Subsidiaries of the Company, operations, divisions, businesses, product lines, Contracts, customers or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) taking or committing to take such other actions that may limit or impact Guarantor’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ (including the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’) freedom of action with respect to, or its ability to retain, any of Guarantor’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ (including the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’) operations, divisions, businesses, products lines, Contracts, customers or assets, (iii) entering into any Orders, settlements, undertakings, Contracts, consent decrees, stipulations or other agreements to effectuate any of the foregoing or in order to vacate, lift, reverse, overturn, settle or otherwise resolve any Order that prevents, prohibits, restricts or delays the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, in any case, that may be issued by any court or other Governmental Authority, and (iv) creating, terminating or divesting relationships, Contractual rights or obligations of the Company, Guarantor or their respective Subsidiaries, in each of the foregoing clauses (i) – (iv), in connection with obtaining all, or eliminating any requirement to obtain any, waiting period expirations or terminations, consents, clearances, waivers, exemptions, licenses, orders, registrations, approvals, permits, and authorizations for the Transactions under the HSR Act, any other Antitrust Law or from any Governmental Authority, so as to enable the Closing to occur as promptly as practicable following the date of this Agreement and, in any event, no later than the Termination Date (the actions and limitations described in clauses (i) – (iv), the “ Regulatory Actions ”). For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall not, unless requested to do so by Guarantor, commit to or effect any action contemplated in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) of the immediately preceding sentence. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, none of Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or the other Subsidiaries of Guarantor shall be required to, and none of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall, without the prior written consent of Guarantor, (A) take or commit to take such other actions that would result in the disclosure of, or the grant of any license or any other right in, the Source Code Materials of any Software (including any Software embedding any of the Source Code Materials) of Guarantor, the Company and/or their respect respective Affiliates, (B) take or commit to take such other actions that would result in the sale, divestiture, disposition, license or other disposition of the divisions, businesses, product lines, Contracts, customers or assets of the Guarantor or any of its Subsidiaries (excluding the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’) or (C) take any action, or commit to take any action, or agree to any condition or limitation contemplated in this Section 6.3 that (i) is not conditioned on the consummation of the Merger or (ii) that would result in, or would be reasonably likely to result in, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on (x) the Guarantor and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (y) the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (z) the Guarantor and

71



its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, together with the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (collectively, the “ Combined Company ”); provided, however, that (I) for purposes of each of the foregoing clauses (x) and (z), the Guarantor and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and the Combined Company, respectively, shall be deemed to be of the size, scope and scale, and with the business, assets, liabilities, financial condition and results of operations, of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole and (II) in determining whether any Regulatory Action, individually or in the aggregate with all other Regulatory Actions, would or would reasonably be expected to result in such a material adverse effect under each of the foregoing clauses (x), (y) or (z), any adverse impact on the synergies reasonably expected to be realized from the Merger shall (without duplication) be taken into account (any of the foregoing, clauses (A), (B) and (C), a “ Burdensome Condition ”).
(f)      In furtherance and not in limitation of the covenants of the Parties contained in this Section 6.3 , if any administrative or judicial action or proceeding by a Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction is instituted challenging the Transactions, each of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub (and their respective Affiliates, if applicable), on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, shall use its reasonable best efforts to (i) oppose fully and vigorously, including by defending through litigation, any such action or proceeding, (ii) pursue vigorously all available avenues of administrative and judicial appeal and (iii) seek to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any Order that is in effect that prohibits, prevents or restricts consummation of the Transactions; provided that none of Guarantor, Parent or a Subsidiary of Guarantor shall be required to, and the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not, without the prior written consent of Guarantor, take any action under this Section 6.3(f) that would result in, or would be reasonably likely to result in, individually or in the aggregate, a Burdensome Condition. To assist Guarantor in complying with its obligations set forth in this Section 6.3 , the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, provide to Guarantor such cooperation as may be reasonably requested by Guarantor.
6.4      Financing .
(a)      No Amendments to Facilities Agreement . Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub will not permit, without the prior written consent of the Company (which consent shall not be unreasonably, withheld, conditioned or delayed), any amendment or modification (including an amendment or modification effected by way of a side letter) (it being agreed that any Alternate Debt Financing shall not be deemed to be an amendment, modification or waiver) to be made to, or any waiver of any provision or remedy pursuant to, the Facilities Agreement if such amendment, modification or waiver would, or could reasonably be expected to, (i) reduce the aggregate amount of the Debt Financing to an amount that, together with Guarantor’s, Parent’s and Merger Sub’s cash on hand, would be less than an amount reasonably required to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) adversely impact the ability of any of Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or the Company, as applicable, to enforce its rights against the other parties to the Facilities Agreement, (iii) impose new or additional

72



conditions to the Debt Financing, or otherwise expand, amend or modify any of the conditions to the receipt of the Debt Financing in a manner that would, or could reasonably be expected to, prevent, impede or materially delay the consummation of the Debt Financing when required pursuant to the terms hereof or (iv) prevent, impede or materially delay the consummation of the Debt Financing when required pursuant to the terms hereof. In addition to the foregoing, Guarantor shall not release or consent to the termination of the Facilities Agreement or release any individual lender under the Facilities Agreement, except for (x) assignments and replacements of an individual lender under the terms of, and only in connection with, the syndication of the Debt Financing under the Facilities Agreement, or (y) replacements of the Facilities Agreement, or all or any portion of the Debt Financing thereunder, with alternative financing commitments pursuant to Section 6.4(b) .
(b)      Debt Financing and Alternate Debt Financing . Guarantor shall use (or cause Parent or Merger Sub to use) its reasonable best efforts to arrange the Debt Financing and obtain the financing contemplated thereby as promptly as reasonably practicable on the terms and conditions set forth in the Facilities Agreement, which shall consist of, without limitation, (i) maintaining in full force and effect the Facilities Agreement in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions thereof (except as otherwise permitted hereunder), (ii) complying with its obligations under the Facilities Agreement, (iii) satisfying on a timely basis (or obtaining a waiver to) all conditions to funding and covenants that are applicable to Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub in the Facilities Agreement, (iv) enforcing its rights pursuant to the Facilities Agreement, and (v) if all conditions in the Facilities Agreement are satisfied (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied on Closing) and the conditions in Section 2.2(a) and Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement have been satisfied, consummating the Debt Financing at or prior to the Closing. Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub will fully pay, or cause to be fully paid, all commitment or other fees arising pursuant to the Facilities Agreement as and when they become due. In the event that any portion of the Debt Financing becomes unavailable on the terms and conditions set forth in the Facilities Agreement, and such portion is reasonably required to consummate the Transactions, then Guarantor shall use its reasonable best efforts to, as promptly as practicable following the occurrence of such event, (i) obtain alternative financing from alternative sources on terms, conditions and costs not materially less favorable in the aggregate to Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub and the Surviving Corporation (in the reasonable judgment of Guarantor) than those set forth in the Facilities Agreement (provided that such terms, conditions and costs would not have any of the effects specified in Section 6.4(a) ) and in an amount at least equal to the Debt Financing or such unavailable and required portion thereof, as the case may be (the “Alternate Debt Financing”), and (ii) obtain one or more new financing commitment letters or facilities agreements with respect to such Alternate Debt Financing (the “New Debt Facilities Agreement”), which New Debt Facilities Agreement will replace the existing Facilities Agreement in whole or in part. Guarantor shall promptly provide the Company with a copy of any New Debt Facilities Agreement; provided that any New Debt Facilities Agreement may be redacted to remove all economic terms that could not adversely affect the

73



conditionality, enforceability, termination or aggregate principal amount of the Debt Financing. Furthermore, Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub may, in its discretion, substitute any portion of the Debt Financing under the Facilities Agreement with alternative financing, whether from the same or alternative financing sources, so long as (i) the aggregate amount of the Debt Financing (including such alternative financing) would be in an amount that, together with Guarantor’s, Parent’s and Merger Sub’s cash on hand, would not be less than an amount reasonably required to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) such alternative financing would not, and could not reasonably be expected to, impose new or additional conditions to the Debt Financing, or otherwise expand, amend or modify any of the conditions to the receipt of the Debt Financing, in a manner that would, or could reasonably be expected to, prevent, impede or materially delay the consummation of the Debt Financing when required pursuant to the terms hereof or (iii) such substitution would not, and could not reasonably be expected to, prevent, impede or materially delay the consummation of the Debt Financing when required pursuant to the terms hereof (it being agreed that such alternative financing shall constitute Alternate Debt Financing for all purposes hereof, and the definitive agreements providing for such alternate financing shall constitute New Debt Facilities Agreements for all purposes hereof). In the event that any New Debt Facilities Agreements are obtained, (A) any reference in this Agreement to the “Facilities Agreement” will be deemed to include the Facilities Agreement to the extent not superseded by one or more New Debt Facilities Agreements at the time in question and any New Debt Facilities Agreements to the extent then in effect, and (B) any reference in this Agreement to the “Debt Financing” means the Debt Financing contemplated by the Facilities Agreement as modified pursuant to the foregoing and any Alternate Debt Financing.
(c)      Information . Upon written request by the Company, Guarantor shall provide the Company with copies of all executed amendments, modifications or replacements of the Facilities Agreement in redacted form removing all economic terms that could not adversely affect the conditionality, enforceability, termination or aggregate principal amount of the Debt Financing (it being understood that any amendments, modifications or replacements shall only be as permitted herein). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Guarantor shall promptly notify the Company (A) of any breach, default, termination or cancellation by any party to the Facilities Agreement, of which Guarantor becomes aware; (B) of the receipt by Guarantor of any written notice or communication from any Debt Financing Source with respect to (1) any breach, default, termination or cancellation of the Facilities Agreement or (2) material dispute or disagreement between or among any parties to the Facilities Agreement; (C) if any Debt Financing Source notifies Guarantor that such source no longer intends to provide financing to Guarantor on the terms, in the manner or from the sources contemplated by the Facilities Agreement; and (D) if for any reason Guarantor no longer believes that it will be able to obtain all of the Debt Financing contemplated by the Facilities Agreement on the terms, in the manner or from the sources contemplated by the Facilities Agreement. Guarantor shall provide any information reasonably requested by the

74



Company relating to any of the circumstances referred to in the previous sentence as soon as reasonably practical after the date that the Company delivers a written request therefor to Guarantor.
(d)      No Financing Condition . Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub acknowledges and agrees that obtaining the Debt Financing is not a condition to the Closing. In the event that the Debt Financing has not been obtained, Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub will each continue to be obligated, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Section 2.2 , to consummate the Merger.
(e)      Company Support .
(i)      Prior to the Effective Time, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to use its respective reasonable best efforts, to provide Guarantor and the Debt Financing Sources, at Guarantor’s sole expense, with all customary cooperation reasonably requested by Guarantor to assist it in causing the conditions in the Facilities Agreement to be satisfied or as is otherwise reasonably requested by Guarantor in connection with the Debt Financing, including:
(A)      delivering notices of prepayment within the time periods required by the relevant agreements governing indebtedness and obtaining customary payoff letters, lien terminations and instruments of discharge to be delivered at the Closing, and giving any other necessary notices, to allow for the payoff, discharge and termination in full at the Closing of all indebtedness required by the Facilities Agreement to be paid, discharged or terminated;
(B)      promptly, and no later than three (3) Business Days prior to Closing, furnishing Guarantor and the Debt Financing Sources with all documentation and other information related solely to the Company and its Subsidiaries required by regulatory authorities pursuant to applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations; provided, that the request for such information has been made at least ten (10) Business Days prior to Closing; and
(C)      providing customary authorization letters to the Debt Financing Sources authorizing the distribution of information to prospective lenders or investors and containing customary representations to the Debt Financing Sources under the Facilities Agreement, including with respect to the presence or absence of material non-public information and the accuracy of the written information contained in the disclosure and marketing materials related to the Debt Financing.
(ii)      Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6.4(e)(i) or any other provision of this Agreement, nothing in this Agreement will require the Company or any of

75



its Subsidiaries to (A) waive or amend any terms of this Agreement or agree to pay any fees or reimburse any expenses prior to the Effective Time for which it is not otherwise indemnifiable or reimbursable by or on behalf of Guarantor or Parent, (B) enter into any definitive agreement which is not contingent upon the Closing (other than customary representation letters and authorization letters (including with respect to the presence or absence of material non-public information and the accuracy of the information contained in the disclosure and marketing materials related to the Debt Financing)), (C) give any indemnities that are effective prior to the Effective Time, (D) take any action that, in the good faith determination of the Company, would unreasonably interfere with the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries or create an unreasonable risk of damage or destruction of any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (E) provide any information the disclosure of which is prohibited or restricted under applicable Law or is legally privileged, or (F) take any action that will conflict with or violate its organizational documents or any applicable Laws or would result in a violation or breach of, or default under, any agreement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, nothing in this Agreement will require (A) any officer or Representative of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to (x) execute or deliver any definitive agreement, certificate or opinion in connection with the Debt Financing, or (y) take any other action pursuant to Section 6.4(e)(i) or any other provision of this Agreement that could reasonably be expected to result in personal liability to such officer or Representative, or (B) the members of the Company Board as of the date hereof to approve the Debt Financing or any alternative financing or Contracts related thereto. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, (A) any breach by the Company of its obligations under this Section 6.4(e) shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement or a breach for purposes of Article VII or a breach of the condition precedent set forth in Section 2.2(b)(i) hereof, and (B) any information furnished by the Company under this Section 6.4(e) shall not be deemed to be disclosed for purposes of determining whether the Company has failed to satisfy any of the conditions set forth in Section 2.2(a) and Section 2.2(b) at the Effective Time or to expand, or otherwise modify or effect, any representations, warranties or covenants of the Company in this Agreement; provided that clauses (A) and (B) in this sentence shall not apply in the event of any Willful Breach by the Company of this Section 6.4(e) .
(f)      Confidentiality . All non-public or other confidential information provided by the Company or its Affiliates or any of their respective Representatives pursuant to this Agreement will be kept confidential to the extent and in accordance with the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement, except that Guarantor and its Affiliates will be permitted to disclose such information to any financing sources or prospective financing sources and other financial institutions and investors that are or may become parties to the Debt Financing and to any underwriters, initial

76



purchasers or placement agents in connection with the Debt Financing (and, in each case, to their respective counsel and auditors) so long as such Persons (i) agree to be bound by the Confidentiality Agreement as if parties thereto, or (ii) are subject to other customary confidentiality undertakings. Parent shall be responsible for all breaches of the provisions of the Confidentiality Agreement by any Person provided non-public or confidential information by Parent or Merger Sub pursuant to the preceding sentence.
(g)      Company Reimbursement and Indemnification .
(i)      Upon request by the Company, Guarantor or Parent shall promptly (and in any event within thirty (30) calendar days of invoice) reimburse (or cause to be reimbursed) the Company and its Subsidiaries for all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses) incurred by the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries or their respective Representatives in connection with providing the support and cooperation contemplated by Section 6.4(e) .
(ii)      Guarantor shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its Subsidiaries, and each of their respective directors, officers, employees and other Representatives, from and against any and all losses, damages, claims, interest, costs or expenses (including legal fees and expenses), awards, judgments, penalties and amounts paid in settlement suffered or incurred by any of them in connection with the Debt Financing, including providing the support and cooperation contemplated by Section 6.4(e) and any information utilized in connection therewith; provided, that, the Parent shall not be obligated to provide such indemnity to the extent arising from information furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or with respect to any such liabilities, losses, damages, claims, costs, expenses, interest, awards, judgments, penalties or amounts arising from or related to any breach of any representation made by the Company hereunder or in the case of fraud.
(h)      Use of Logos . The Company hereby consents to the use of its and its Subsidiaries’ logos in connection with the Debt Financing so long as such logos are used solely in a manner that is not intended to or likely to harm or disparage the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the reputation or goodwill of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(i)      No Exclusive Arrangements . Except as set forth in Section 6.4(i) of the Parent Disclosure Letter, in no event will Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates enter into or enforce any Contract prohibiting or seeking to prohibit any bank, investment bank or other potential provider of debt or equity financing for the Merger or any other transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from providing or seeking to provide debt or

77



equity financing to any Person in connection with the Merger or any other transaction relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
6.5      Public Statements and Disclosure . Neither the Company, on the one hand, nor Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub, on the other hand, shall issue or cause the publication of any public release or otherwise make any public announcement concerning this Agreement or the Transactions without the prior written consent of the other (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), except as such release or announcement may be required by applicable Law or the rules or regulations of any applicable national securities exchange (including Euronext Paris), national securities or interdealer quotation system or regulatory or Governmental Authority to which the relevant Party is subject or submits, wherever situated, in which case the Party required to make the release or announcement shall use its reasonable good faith efforts to allow the other Party or Parties, as the case may be, reasonable time to comment on such release or announcement in advance of such issuance (it being understood that the final form and content of any such release or announcement, as well as the timing of any such release or announcement, shall be at the final discretion of the disclosing Party); provided , however , that the restrictions set forth in this Section 6.5 shall not apply to any release or announcement (a) substantially similar in tone and substance with previous public releases or announcements jointly made by the Company and Guarantor or (b) made or proposed to be made by (i) the Company pursuant to Section 6.1(c)(i) or with respect to a Company Board Recommendation Change or (ii) Parent in connection with a response to the issuance by the Company of any release, announcement, statement, disclosure or communication of the type referred to in clause (i). Parent and the Company agree that the press release announcing the execution of this Agreement shall be a joint release of Parent and the Company.
6.6      Anti-Takeover Laws . In the event that any state anti-takeover or other similar Law is or becomes applicable to this Agreement or any of the Transactions, the Company, Parent and Merger Sub shall use their respective reasonable best efforts to ensure that the Transactions may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and otherwise minimize the effect of such Law on this Agreement and the Transactions.
6.7      Access . At all times during the period commencing with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VII and the Effective Time, the Company shall (a) afford Parent and its financial advisors, business consultants, legal counsel, accountants and other agents and representatives reasonable access during normal business hours, upon reasonable notice, to the properties, books and records, Contracts, and personnel (including employees and agents) of the Company and its Subsidiaries and (promptly following the execution of a consent in form and substance reasonably acceptable to such auditors or independent accountants) accounts and work papers of the Company’s

78



and its Subsidiaries’ independent accountants and auditors and (b) furnish to Parent all other information and documents concerning or regarding its businesses, properties and assets (including Intellectual Property Rights but excluding Trade Secrets) and personnel as may be reasonably requested by Parent; provided , however , that the Company may restrict or otherwise prohibit access to any documents or information to the extent that the Company determines (upon the advice of outside legal counsel) that (i) any applicable Law requires the Company to restrict or otherwise prohibit access to such documents or information, (ii) access to such documents would be in violation of the HSR Act, Sherman Act, or any applicable non-U.S. antitrust or competition laws, (iii) access to such documents or information would result in the waiver any attorney-client privilege, work product doctrine or other applicable privilege applicable to such documents or information, or (iv) access to a Contract to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or otherwise bound would violate or cause a default under, or give a third party the right to terminate or accelerate the rights under, such Contract or otherwise; and provided further , however , that no information or knowledge obtained by Parent in any investigation conducted pursuant to the access contemplated by this Section 6.7 shall affect or be deemed to affect, modify or waive any representation or warranty of the Company set forth in this Agreement or otherwise impair the rights and remedies available to Parent and Merger Sub hereunder. In the event that the Company does not provide access or information in reliance on the preceding sentence, it shall use its reasonable best efforts to allow for such access or disclosure or to communicate the applicable information to Parent in a way that would not violate the applicable Law, Contract or obligation or to waive such a privilege. Any investigation conducted pursuant to the access contemplated by this Section 6.7 shall be conducted in a manner that does not unreasonably interfere with the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries or create a risk of damage or destruction to any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Any access to the properties of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall be subject to the terms and conditions of any applicable Lease and the Company’s reasonable security measures and insurance requirements and shall not include the right to perform Phase 1 or Phase 2 environmental assessments or other invasive testing. The terms and conditions of the Confidentiality Agreement shall apply to any information obtained by Parent or any of its financial advisors, business consultants, legal counsel, accountants and other agents and representatives in connection with any investigation conducted pursuant to the access contemplated by this Section 6.7 . Nothing in this Section 6.7 or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be construed to require the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any Representatives of any of the foregoing to prepare any reports, analyses, appraisals, opinions or other information.
6.8      Section 16(b) Exemption . The Company shall, prior to the Effective Time, take all actions reasonably necessary to cause the Transactions and any other dispositions of equity securities of the Company (including deemed dispositions or cancellations and of any derivative securities) in connection with the Transactions by each individual who is a director or officer of the Company

79



subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
6.9      Directors’ and Officers’ Exculpation, Indemnification and Insurance .
(a)      Existing Agreements and Protections . The Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries shall (and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries to) honor and fulfill in all respects the obligations of the Company under, and with respect to acts and omissions occurring at or prior to the Effective Time, any and all (i) indemnification agreements between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and any of their respective current or former directors and officers and any person who becomes a director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the Effective Time, in each case, when acting in such capacity (the “Indemnified Persons”) and (ii) indemnification, expense advancement and exculpation provisions in any certificate of incorporation or bylaws and any comparable Organizational Document of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each of the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), as in effect on the date of this Agreement. In addition, during the period commencing at the Effective Time and ending on the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries shall (and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries to) cause the certificates of incorporation and bylaws (and any other similar Organizational Documents) of the Surviving Corporation to contain provisions with respect to indemnification, exculpation and the advancement of expenses that are at least as favorable (in the aggregate) to the Indemnified Persons with respect to matters occurring at or prior to the Effective Time as the indemnification, exculpation and advancement of expenses provisions contained in the certificates of incorporation and bylaws (and any other similar Organizational Documents) of the Company as of the date hereof, and during such six-year period, such provisions shall not, be repealed, amended or otherwise modified in any manner except as set forth in Section 6.9(e) or required by applicable Law.
(b)      Indemnification . Without limiting the generality of the provisions of Section 6.9(a) , during the period commencing at the Effective Time and ending on the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Effective Time, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries shall (and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries to) indemnify and hold harmless each Indemnified Person from and against any costs, fees and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and investigation expenses), judgments, fines, losses, claims, damages, liabilities and amounts paid in settlement in connection with any claim, proceeding, investigation or inquiry, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, to the extent such claim, proceeding, investigation or inquiry arises out of or pertains to (i) any action or omission or alleged action or omission at or prior to the Effective Time in such Indemnified Person’s capacity as a director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (regardless of whether asserted or claimed prior to, at or after the Effective Time), or (ii) any of the Transactions; provided , however , that if, at any time prior to the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Effective Time,

80



any Indemnified Person delivers to Parent a written notice asserting a claim for indemnification under this Section 6.9(b) , then the claim asserted in such notice shall survive the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Effective Time until such time as such claim is fully and finally resolved. In addition, during the period commencing at the Effective Time and ending on the sixth (6th) anniversary of the Effective Time, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries shall (and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries to) advance, prior to the final disposition of any claim, proceeding, investigation or inquiry for which indemnification may be sought under this Agreement, promptly following request by an Indemnified Person therefor, all reasonable, documented out-of-pocket costs, fees and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and investigation expenses) incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with any such claim, proceeding, investigation or inquiry upon receipt of an undertaking by such Indemnified Person to repay such advances if it is ultimately decided in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction that such Indemnified Person is not entitled to indemnification. In the event any Legal Proceeding is brought against any Indemnified Person and in which indemnification could be sought by such Indemnified Person under this Section 6.9 , (i) the Surviving Corporation shall have the right to control the defense thereof after the Effective Time and the Surviving Corporation shall not be liable to any Indemnified Person for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses incurred by such Indemnified Persons in connection with the defense thereof, except that if the Surviving Corporation elects not to assume such defense or counsel for the Indemnified Persons advises that there are issues which give rise to conflicts of interest between the Surviving Corporation and the Indemnified Persons, each Indemnified Person shall be entitled to retain his or her own counsel and the Surviving Corporation shall pay (or cause to be paid) all reasonable fees and expenses of any counsel retained by an Indemnified Person, promptly after statements therefor are received; provided that the Surviving Corporation shall be obligated pursuant to this clause (i) to pay for only one counsel for all Indemnified Persons in any jurisdiction unless the use of one counsel for such Indemnified Persons would present such counsel with a conflict of interest, in which case, the fewest number of counsels necessary to avoid conflicts of interest will be used, (ii) the Indemnified Persons will cooperate in the defense of any such matter and (iii) the Surviving Corporation shall not (A) be liable for any settlement or compromise effected without their prior written consent and (B) have any obligation hereunder to any Indemnified Person, if and when a court of competent jurisdiction shall ultimately determine, and such determination shall become final, that the indemnification of such Indemnified Person in the manner contemplated hereby is prohibited by applicable Law. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Section 6.9(b) or elsewhere in this Agreement, neither Parent, the Surviving Corporation nor any of their respective Affiliates (including Guarantor) shall settle or otherwise compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment or otherwise seek termination with respect to any Legal Proceeding for which indemnification may be sought by an Indemnified Person under this Section 6.9 unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination includes an unconditional release of all Indemnified Persons from all liability

81



arising out of such claim, proceeding, investigation or inquiry or such Indemnified Person otherwise consents (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed).
(c)      Insurance . Prior to the Effective Time, notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, the Company shall (following reasonable consultation with Parent) purchase a six-year “tail” directors’ and officers’ liability insurance (the “D&O Insurance”) for each person covered by the Company’s current directors’ and officers’ liability policy in respect of acts or omissions occurring at or prior to the Effective Time, on terms with respect to the coverage and amounts that are equivalent (in the aggregate) to those of the Company’s current directors’ and officers’ liability insurance; provided , however that in satisfying its obligations under this Section 6.9(c) , Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall not be obligated to pay in excess of three hundred percent (300%) of the amount paid by the Company for coverage for its most recent policy year (which premiums the Company represents and warrants to be set forth in Section 6.9(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter). The Surviving Corporation shall (and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to) maintain such “tail” policy in full force and effect and continue to honor their respective obligations thereunder for so long as such “tail” policy shall be maintained in full force and effect.
(d)      Successors and Assigns . If Parent or the Surviving Corporation or any of its successors or assigns shall (i) consolidate with or merge into any other Person and shall not be the continuing or surviving corporation or entity of such consolidation or merger, or (ii) transfer all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person, then, and in each such case, to the extent necessary, proper provision shall be made so that the successors and assigns of the Surviving Corporation shall assume all of the obligations of Parent and the Surviving Corporation set forth in this Section 6.9 .
(e)      No Impairment; Third Party Beneficiaries . The obligations set forth in this Section 6.9 shall not be terminated, amended or otherwise modified in any manner that adversely affects any Indemnified Person without the prior written consent of such affected Indemnified Person. Each of the Indemnified Persons are intended to be third party beneficiaries of this Section 6.9 , with full rights of enforcement as if a party thereto. The rights of the Indemnified Persons under this Section 6.9 shall be in addition to, and not in substitution for, any other rights that such persons may have under the Organizational Documents, any and all indemnification agreements of or entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or applicable Law (whether at law or in equity).
(f)      Preservation of Other Rights . Nothing in this Agreement is intended to, shall be construed to or shall release, waiver or impair any rights to directors’ and officers’ insurance claims under any policy that is or has been in existence with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for any of their respective directors or officers, it being understood and agreed that the

82



indemnification provided for in this Section 6.9 is not prior to or in substitution for any such claims under such policies.
6.10      Treatment of Certain Existing Indebtedness . Prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall, as reasonably requested by Parent, (i) deliver or cause to be delivered notices of the payoff, discharge and termination of any outstanding indebtedness or obligations of the Company under that certain Credit Agreement, dated December 21, 2017, between the Company and HSBC Bank USA, National Association, as administrative agent, and the other agents, lenders and arrangers party thereto (the “Credit Agreement”) and obligations or agreements that are secured pursuant thereto (including interest rate swaps) (the “Credit Agreement Payoff Amount”), (ii) take all other actions required to facilitate the repayment of the Credit Agreement Payoff Amount with respect to the termination of the commitments under the Credit Agreement and the release of any encumbrances and termination of all guarantees granted under the Credit Agreement and (iii) obtain customary payoff letters or other similar evidence with respect to the Credit Agreement at least five (5) Business Days prior to Closing (but shall be subject to customary conditions). Parent shall (A) irrevocably pay off or cause to be paid off at or prior to the Effective Time the Credit Agreement Payoff Amount and (B) use its commercially reasonable efforts to provide all customary cooperation as may be reasonably requested by the Company to assist the Company in connection with its obligation under this Section 6.10 .
6.11      Employee Matters .
(a)      401(k) Plan . Parent may request the Company to terminate its 401(k) Plan (the “Company 401(k) Plan”), effective immediately prior to the Effective Time, provided that any such request must be in writing and must be received by the Company at least ten (10) Business Days before the Closing Date. If such written request is timely made, the Company Board and/or the Company shall adopt such resolutions and take such other actions as may be necessary in order to effectuate the termination of the Company 401(k) Plan. Subject to applicable Law, if the Company 401(k) Plan is terminated, Parent shall cause a new or existing 401(k) plan of Parent or any of its subsidiaries (including the Surviving Corporation) (such plan or plans, the “Parent 401(k) Plan”) to permit each Continuing Employee to make rollover contributions of “eligible rollover distributions” (within the meaning of Section 401(a)(31) of the Code) in an amount equal to the eligible rollover distribution portion of the account balance distributable to such Continuing Employee from such Company 401(k) Plan to the corresponding Parent 401(k) Plan; provided, however, that the Parent 401(k) Plan will not be required to accept rollovers of Roth contributions that were made to a Company 401(k) Plan pursuant to Section 402A of the Code.
(b)      Existing Agreements . From and after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall (and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to) honor all Employee Plans in accordance with their terms; provided , however , that nothing in this sentence shall prohibit the

83



Surviving Corporation or its Subsidiaries from amending or terminating, or from causing the Surviving Corporation or its Subsidiaries to amend or terminate, any such Employee Plans in accordance with their terms or if otherwise required by applicable Law.
(c)      Compensation and Benefits Continuation . For a period of at least one (1) year following the Effective Time (the “Continuation Period”) (or, if shorter, during the relevant period of employment), Parent shall provide or cause to be provided (i) to each Continuing Employee an annual base salary or wage rate that is no less than the annual base salary or wage rate provided to such Continuing Employee by the Company and its Subsidiaries immediately prior to the Effective Time and (ii) to the Continuing Employees generally, the target annual cash incentive opportunities, defined contribution, health and welfare, and severance benefits in each case as set forth in Section 6.11(c) of the Company Disclosure Letter.
(d)      Service Credit; Etc. For purposes of participation of those Continuing Employees employed in the United States (“US Continuing Employees”) in a benefit plan of Parent or its Affiliates in the United States (including the Surviving Corporation) (each such plan, a “Parent Benefit Plan”), when the Parent permits the participation of US Continuing Employees in such Parent Benefit Plan, Parent shall cause (i) such US Continuing Employee to be credited with all years of service for which such US Continuing Employees was credited before the Closing Date under any analogous Employee Plans (other than (x) to the extent that its application would result in a duplication of benefits with respect to the same period of service or (y) for purposes of the defined benefit pension accrual); (ii) the waiver of any (x) waiting period for such US Continuing Employee in the transition between any existing analogous employee benefit plans and eligibility for participation in the Parent Benefit Plans and (y) pre-existing condition exclusions and insurability and actively at work requirements of such Parent Benefit Plan; (iii) subject to the availability of applicable data, any eligible expenses incurred by such US Continuing Employee and his or her covered dependents under an Employee Plan which is a welfare plan during the portion of the plan year of the Employee Plan ending on the date such US Continuing Employee’s participation in the corresponding Parent Benefit Plan begins to be taken into account under such Parent Benefit Plan for purposes of satisfying all deductible, coinsurance and maximum out-of-pocket requirements applicable to such US Continuing Employee and his or her covered dependents for such year as if such amounts had been paid in accordance with such Parent Benefit Plan; and (iv) credit the accounts of each US Continuing Employee under any Parent Benefit Plan that is a flexible spending arrangement with any unused balance in the account of such US Continuing Employee under the analogous Employee Plan. In transitioning the participation of any US Continuing Employee to a Parent Benefit Plan from the analogous Employee Plan, Parent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that there is no gap in coverage for or the provision of benefits to such US Continuing Employee.

84



(e)      No Third Party Beneficiary Rights . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, no provision of this Agreement shall be deemed to (i) guarantee employment or service for any period of time for, or preclude the ability of Parent, the Surviving Corporation or their Subsidiaries to terminate, any Continuing Employee or other service provider of the Surviving Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries for any reason, (ii) require Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any of their Subsidiaries to continue any particular Employee Plan or prevent the amendment, modification or termination thereof after the Effective Time, or (iii) confer upon any current or former director, officer, employee or natural person service provider of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or legal representative or beneficiary thereof, or any other Person, any rights or remedies, including any right to compensation or benefits of any nature or kind whatsoever, under this Agreement or any rights or remedies under any Employee Plan that such employee, representative, beneficiary or other Person would not otherwise have under the terms of that Employee Plan. No provision of this Agreement shall create any third party beneficiary rights in any employee of the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or any beneficiary or dependents thereof, or any other person who is not a Party to this Agreement.
6.12      Obligations of Merger Sub . Parent shall take all action necessary to cause Merger Sub and the Surviving Corporation to perform their respective obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Transactions upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement. Parent and Merger Sub will be jointly and severally liable for the failure by either of them to perform and discharge any of their respective covenants, agreements and obligations pursuant to and in accordance with this Agreement.
6.13      Notification of Certain Matters .
(a)      At all times during the period commencing with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VII and the Effective Time, the Company shall give prompt notice to Parent and Merger Sub upon becoming aware that any representation or warranty made by it in this Agreement has become untrue or inaccurate in any material respect, or of any failure of the Company to comply with or satisfy in any material respect any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement, in any such case if and only to the extent that such untruth or inaccuracy, or such failure, would reasonably be expected to cause any of the conditions to the obligations of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the Transactions set forth in Section 2.2(b)(i) and Section 2.2(b)(ii) to fail to be satisfied; provided that no such notification shall affect or be deemed to modify any representation or warranty of the Company set forth in this Agreement or the conditions to the obligations of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the Transactions or the remedies available to the Parties hereunder; and provided further that the terms and conditions of the Confidentiality Agreement shall apply to any information provided to Parent pursuant to this Section 6.13(a) . Except as otherwise provided in any notice pursuant to this Section 6.13(a) , the

85



delivery of any such notice shall not be deemed an admission or an acknowledgement that such notice is required and shall not limit or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to the Party receiving such notice.
(b)      At all times during the period commencing with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier to occur of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article VII and the Effective Time, Parent shall give prompt notice to the Company upon becoming aware that any representation or warranty made by Parent or Merger Sub in this Agreement has become untrue or inaccurate in any material respect, or of any failure of it to comply with or satisfy in any material respect any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement, in any such case if and only to the extent that such untruth or inaccuracy, or such failure, would reasonably be expected to cause any of the conditions to the obligations of the Company to consummate the Transactions (including the Merger) set forth in Section 2.2(c)(i) and Section 2.2(c)(ii) to fail to be satisfied; provided , however , that no such notification shall affect or be deemed to modify any representation or warranty of Parent or Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement or the conditions to the obligations of the Company to consummate the Transactions or the remedies available to the Parties hereunder; and provided further that the terms and conditions of the Confidentiality Agreement shall apply to any information provided to the Company pursuant to this Section 6.13(b) . Except as otherwise provided in any notice pursuant to this Section 6.13(b) , the delivery of any such notice shall not be deemed an admission or an acknowledgement that such notice is required and shall not limit or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to the Party receiving such notice.
6.14      Certain Litigation . The Company shall promptly advise and notify Parent of any litigation commenced or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, after the date hereof against the Company or any of its directors (in their capacity as such) by any Company Stockholders (on their own behalf or on behalf of the Company) relating to this Agreement or the Transactions. The Company shall (i) give Parent the opportunity to consult with the Company regarding the defense or settlement of any such stockholder litigation, (ii) give Parent the opportunity to participate in the Company’s defense or settlement of any such stockholder litigation, (iii) consider in good faith Parent’s views with respect to such stockholder litigation and (iv) not agree to settle or compromise or offer to settle or compromise any such stockholder litigation without the prior written consent of Parent (such consent not to be unreasonably conditioned, withheld or delayed).
6.15      Parent Vote . Immediately following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent shall cause the sole stockholder of Merger Sub to execute and deliver to Merger Sub and the Company a written consent approving the Merger in accordance with the DGCL.
6.16      Delisting . Each of the Parties agrees to cooperate with each other in taking, or causing to be taken, all actions necessary to delist the Company Common Stock from NASDAQ

86



Stock Market and terminate registration under the Exchange Act, provided that such delisting and termination shall not be effective until or after the Effective Time.
ARTICLE VII     

TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
7.1      Termination . This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time (with any termination by Parent also being an effective termination by Merger Sub), whether before or after receipt of the Requisite Stockholder Approval (except as provided herein), only as follows:
(a)      by mutual written agreement of Parent and the Company; or
(b)      by either Parent or the Company, if the Effective Time shall not have occurred on or before January 11, 2020 (the “Termination Date”); provided , however , that if the conditions to Closing set forth in Section 2.2(a)(ii) , Section 2.2(a)(iii) , Section 2.2(a)(iv) have not been satisfied or waived on or prior to such date but all other conditions to Closing set forth in ARTICLE II have been satisfied or waived (except for those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing), the Termination Date may be extended by either Party to a date not beyond April 11, 2020, and such date, as so extended, shall be the “Termination Date” provided , further , that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(b) shall not be available to any Party whose action or failure to fulfill any obligation under this Agreement has been the principal cause of or directly resulted in the failure of the Effective Time to have occurred on or before the Termination Date and such action or failure to act constitutes a material breach of this Agreement; or
(c)      by either Parent or the Company, if the Requisite Stockholder Approval shall not have been obtained at the Company Stockholder Meeting or at any adjournment or postponement thereof; or
(d)      by either Parent or the Company, if any Legal Restraint having the effect set forth in Section 2.2(a)(iii) shall be in effect and shall have permanently restrained, enjoined or otherwise prohibited consummation of the Merger or shall have become final and non-appealable; provided that the Party seeking to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d) did not breach in any material respect any provision of this Agreement which breach was the principal cause of, or directly resulted in, the issuance of such Legal Restraint; or
(e)      by the Company in the event (i) of a breach of any covenant or agreement on the part of Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement, (ii) that any of the representations and warranties of Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement

87



shall have been inaccurate when made or shall have become inaccurate, in either case of clause (i) and (ii) such that the conditions set forth in Section 2.2(c)(i) or Section 2.2(c)(ii) would not be satisfied as of the time of such breach or as of the time such representation or warranty shall have become inaccurate; provided, however , notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that such breach by Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub or such inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub are curable by Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub, then the Company shall not be permitted to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(e) until the earlier to occur of (A) thirty (30) calendar days after delivery of written notice from the Company to Guarantor and Parent of such breach or inaccuracy, as applicable and (B) three (3) Business Days prior to the Termination Date (it being understood that the Company may not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(e) if such breach or inaccuracy by Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub is cured within such period); provided, further , the Company may not terminate this Agreement pursuant this Section 7.1(e) if it is then in material breach of any covenant contained in this Agreement or if at the time of such termination, any representation or warranty of the Company shall have become inaccurate such that the conditions set forth in Section 2.2(b)(i) or Section 2.2(b)(ii) would not be satisfied as of such time; or
(f)      by the Company at any time prior to the time the Requisite Stockholder Approval is obtained, in the event that (i) the Company shall have received a Superior Proposal; (ii) the Company Board and/or any authorized committee thereof shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with outside legal counsel) that the failure to enter into a definitive agreement relating to such Superior Proposal would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties; (iii) the Company shall have delivered a Superior Proposal Notice (it being agreed that the Superior Proposal Notice and any amendment or update to such notice and the determination to so deliver such notice, or update or amend public disclosures with respect thereto shall not constitute a Company Board Recommendation Change for purposes of this Agreement); (iv) if requested by Parent, the Company and its Representatives shall discuss and negotiate in good faith with Parent’s Representatives regarding any bona fide proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement during the period beginning at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the day of delivery by the Company to Parent of such Superior Proposal Notice and ending at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the fourth (4th) Business Day following the day of such delivery so that the Acquisition Proposal that is the subject of the foregoing notice is no longer a Superior Proposal (it being understood and agreed that with respect to any material amendment to any Acquisition Proposal that is the subject of a previously delivered Superior Proposal Notice, the Company shall have given Parent another notice based on such Acquisition Proposal, as so amended (a “Proposal Amendment Notice”), and if requested by Parent, the Company and its Representatives shall discuss and negotiate with Parent’s Representatives any bona fide proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement during the period beginning at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the day of delivery by the Company to Parent of such Proposal Amendment Notice and ending at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the third (3rd)

88



Business Day following the day of such delivery); (v) the Company Board shall have determined in good faith, after considering the results of such negotiations and giving effect to any proposals, amendments and modifications made in writing by Guarantor and Parent that would be binding on Guarantor and Parent if executed by the Company, and after consultation with the Company’s financial advisors and legal advisors, that the Superior Proposal giving rise to such Superior Proposal Notice (or Proposal Amendment Notice) continues to be a Superior Proposal; and (vi) concurrently with the termination of this Agreement, the Company pays Parent the Company Termination Fee payable to Parent pursuant to Section 7.3(b)(ii) ; or
(g)      by Parent in the event (i) of a breach of any covenant or agreement on the part of the Company set forth in this Agreement or (ii) that any of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement shall have been inaccurate when made or shall have become inaccurate, in either case such that the conditions set forth in Section 2.2(b)(i) , Section 2.2(b)(ii) or Section 2.2(b)(iii) would not be satisfied as of the time of such breach or as of the time such representation or warranty shall have become inaccurate; provided, however , that notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that such breach by the Company or such inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of the Company are curable by the Company, then Parent shall not be permitted to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(g) until the earlier to occur of (A) thirty (30) calendar days after delivery of written notice from Parent to the Company of such breach or inaccuracy, as applicable and (B) three (3) Business Days prior to the Termination Date (it being understood that Parent may not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(g) if such breach or inaccuracy by the Company is cured within such period); provided, further , Parent may not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(g) if it is then in material breach of any covenant contained in this Agreement or if at the time of such termination, any representation or warranty of Parent or Merger Sub shall have become inaccurate such that the conditions set forth in Section 2.2(c)(i) or Section 2.2(c)(ii) would not be satisfied as of such time; or
(h)      by Parent, in the event that the Company Board or any authorized committee thereof shall have effected a Company Board Recommendation Change; provided , however , that Parent’s right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(h) in respect of a Company Board Recommendation Change shall expire twenty (20) Business Days after the first date upon which the Company makes such Company Board Recommendation Change; or
(i)      by either Parent or the Company, if there shall have been a CFIUS Turndown; provided , however that each Party’s right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(i) shall not be available to such Party until thirty (30) days after the occurrence of a CFIUS Turndown; provided , further that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(i) shall not be available to any Party whose action or failure to fulfill any obligation under this Agreement has been the principal cause of or directly resulted in the CFIUS Turndown and such action or failure to act constitutes a material breach of this Agreement.

89



7.2      Notice of Termination; Effect of Termination . Any proper and valid termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1 (other than Section 7.1(a) ) shall be effective immediately upon the delivery of written notice of the terminating Party to the other Party or Parties, as applicable. In the event of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1 , this Agreement shall be of no further force or effect without liability of any Party or Parties, as applicable (or any director, officer, employee, affiliate, agent or other representative of such Party or Parties) to the other Party or Parties, as applicable, except (a) for the terms of Section 6.4(g) , Section 6.5 , this Section 7.2 , Section 7.3 and Article VIII , each of which shall survive the termination of this Agreement and (b) subject to Section 7.3(d) , nothing herein shall relieve any Party or Parties, as applicable, from any liability or damages (which the Parties acknowledge and agree shall not be limited to reimbursement of out-of-pocket fees, costs or expenses incurred in connection with the Transactions) resulting from fraud or Willful Breach of this Agreement prior to such termination, in which case the aggrieved Party shall be entitled to all remedies available at law or in equity (taking into account any Company Termination Fee previously paid by the Company). In addition to the foregoing, no termination of this Agreement shall affect the obligations of the Parties set forth in the Confidentiality Agreement, all of which obligations shall survive termination of this Agreement in accordance with their terms and remain fully enforceable in accordance with their respective terms.
7.3      Fees and Expenses .
(a)      General . Subject to Section 6.4(g) and except as set forth in this Section 7.3 , all fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions shall be paid by the Party or Parties, as applicable, incurring such expenses whether or not the Merger is consummated. For the avoidance of doubt, Parent shall pay (or caused to be paid) all of the filing fees payable pursuant to the HSR Act and any other Antitrust Laws and filings to obtain CFIUS Clearance, and the Company shall not be required to pay any fees or other payments to any Governmental Authority in connection with any filings under the HSR Act or such other filings as may be required under applicable Antitrust Laws, foreign investment, national security or similar Laws in connection with the Transactions.
(b)      Payments .
(i)      The Company shall pay to Parent (or its designee) a fee equal to $207,000,000.00 (the “ Company Termination Fee ”), by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account or accounts designated in writing by Parent, within two (2) Business Days, in the event that: (A) this Agreement is validly terminated by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(b) or Section 7.1(c) ; (B) following the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to the time at which a vote is taken on the adoption of this Agreement at the Company Stockholder Meeting (or an adjournment or postponement thereof), a Competing Acquisition Transaction shall have been publicly announced or shall

90



have become publicly disclosed and, in either case, shall not have been withdrawn or otherwise abandoned; and (C) within twelve (12) months following the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(b) or Section 7.1(c) , a Competing Acquisition Transaction referenced in the preceding clause (B) is consummated or a binding definitive agreement for such Competing Acquisition Transaction shall be entered into by the Company within such 12-month period and such Competing Acquisition Transaction shall subsequently be consummated. For purposes of the foregoing, a “ Competing Acquisition Transaction ” shall have the same meaning as an “Acquisition Transaction” except that all references therein to “more than twenty percent (20%)” shall be deemed to be references to “a majority.”
(ii)      In the event that this Agreement is validly terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(f) , then as a condition to such termination of this Agreement, the Company shall pay to Parent the Company Termination Fee, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account or accounts designated in writing by Parent.
(iii)      In the event that this Agreement is validly terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(h) , the Company shall pay to Parent the Company Termination Fee, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account or accounts designated in writing by Parent, within two (2) Business Days after demand by Parent.
(c)      Single Payment Only . The Parties acknowledge and hereby agree that in no event shall the Company be required to pay the Company Termination Fee on more than one occasion.
(d)      Liquidated Damages . Each of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub acknowledges and agrees that (i) the agreements contained in this Section 7.3 are an integral part of the Transactions, (ii) damages resulting from termination of this Agreement under circumstances where a Company Termination Fee is payable are uncertain and incapable of accurate calculation and therefore, the Company Termination is not a penalty, but the Company Termination Fee constitutes liquidated damages, in a reasonable amount that will compensate Parent in the circumstances in which such fee is payable for the efforts and resources expended and opportunities foregone while negotiating this Agreement and in reliance on this Agreement and on the expectation of the consummation of the Transactions, which amount would otherwise be impossible to calculate with precision, (iii) in the event that Parent shall receive the Company Termination Fee, none of Parent, Merger Sub, any of their respective Affiliates or any other Person shall be entitled to bring or maintain any other claim, action or proceeding against the Company or any of its Affiliates arising out of this Agreement, any of the Transactions or any matters forming the basis of the termination of this Agreement triggering the payment of such Termination Fee, except for claims for any liability or damages to the extent proven, resulting from or arising out of any fraud or any pre-termination

91



Willful Breach pursuant to Section 7.2 and (iv) without these agreements, neither the Company nor Parent would have entered into this Agreement; accordingly, if Company fails to timely pay any amount due pursuant to this Section 7.3 and, in order to obtain such payment, Parent commences a Legal Proceeding that results in a judgment against the Company for the payment of any amount set forth in this Section 7.3 or any portion thereof, the Company shall pay Parent its out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs) in connection with such Legal Proceeding, together with interest on such amount or portion thereof at the annual rate of five percent (5%) plus the prime rate as published in The Wall Street Journal in effect on the date such payment was required to be made through the date that such payment or portion thereof was required to be made through the date that such payment or portion thereof was actually received, or a lesser rate that is the maximum permitted by applicable Law.
7.4      Amendment . Subject to applicable Law and subject to the other provisions of this Agreement, this Agreement may be amended, modified and supplemented by the Parties at any time prior to the Effective Time by execution of an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Company; provided, however , that in the event that this Agreement has been approved by Company Stockholders in accordance with Delaware Law, no amendment shall be made to this Agreement that requires the approval of such stockholders of the Company without such approval.
7.5      Extension; Waiver . At any time and from time to time prior to the Effective Time, either the Company, on the one hand, or Guarantor, Parent and Merger Sub, on the other hand, may, to the extent permitted by Law and except as otherwise set forth herein, (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other Party or Parties, as applicable, (b) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties made by the other Party or Parties contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto and (c) waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions for their respective benefit contained herein. No extension of waiver by the Company shall require the approval of the Company Stockholders unless such approval is required by Law. Any agreement on the part of Parent, Merger Sub or the Company to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf of Parent or the Company, as applicable. No failure or delay by the Company, Parent or Merger Sub in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement or applicable Law shall operate as a waiver of such rights nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise of any other right, power or privilege hereunder (except as otherwise specifically set forth herein).
ARTICLE VIII     

GENERAL PROVISIONS

92



8.1      Certain Definitions . All capitalized terms that are used in this Agreement but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in Annex A.
8.2      Certain Interpretations .
(a)      Unless otherwise indicated, all references herein to Preamble, Recitals, Articles, Sections, Subsections, Annexes, Exhibits, Company Disclosure Letter or Parent Disclosure Letter, shall be deemed to refer to the Preamble, Recitals, Articles, Sections, Subsections, Annexes, Exhibits, Company Disclosure Letter or Parent Disclosure Letter to this Agreement, as applicable.
(b)      Unless otherwise indicated, when used herein, the words “hereof,” “herein” and “hereunder” and words of like import shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement.
(c)      Unless otherwise indicated, the words “include,” “includes” and “including,” when used herein, shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words “without limitation.”
(d)      When used herein, the word “or” shall be used in the inclusive sense of “and/or.” When used herein, the words “or,” “any” and “either” are not exclusive.
(e)      Unless otherwise indicated, the words “writing,” “written” and comparable terms refer to printing, typing and other means of reproducing words (including electronic media) in a visible form.
(f)      The phrases “the date of this Agreement,” “the date hereof,” “of even date herewith” and terms of similar import, shall be deemed to refer to the date set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.
(g)      The table of contents and headings set forth in this Agreement or any schedule delivered pursuant to this Agreement are for convenience of reference purposes only, do not constitute part of this Agreement and shall not affect or be deemed to affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement or such schedule or any term or provision hereof or thereof.
(h)      Unless otherwise indicated, all references herein to the Subsidiaries of a Person shall be deemed to include all direct and indirect Subsidiaries of such Person unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires.
(i)      Unless otherwise indicated, all references herein to the ordinary course of business shall mean, with respect to any Person, the conduct by a Person of the relevant business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice.

93



(j)      Whenever the context may require, any pronouns used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns and pronouns shall include the plural, and vice versa.
(k)      Unless the content expressly otherwise requires, for purpose of this Agreement, all accounting terms used herein and not expressly defined herein shall have the meanings given to them under GAAP.
(l)      References to any statute or regulation are to such statute or regulation, as amended, modified, supplemented or replaced from time to time (and, in the case of any statute, include any rules and regulations promulgated under such statute) and to any section of any statute or regulation include any successor to such section, except that, for purposes of any representations or warranties in this Agreement that are made as of a specific date, references to any such statute or regulation (and, in the case of any statute, include any rules and regulations promulgated under such statute) will be deemed to refer to such statute or regulation (and, in the case of any statute, include any rules and regulations promulgated under such statute) in effect as of such date.
(m)      References to any Person or Governmental Authority include any successor to such Person or Governmental Authority, as applicable.
(n)      References in this Agreement to the “United States” or abbreviations thereof shall mean the United States of America and its territories and possessions.
(o)      Except as otherwise specifically provided herein or the context expressly requires otherwise, references to “$,” “U.S. dollars” and “dollars” are to the currency of the United States of America and all amounts in this Agreement shall be paid in the currency of the United States of America, and in the event any amounts, costs, fees or expenses incurred by any Party pursuant to this Agreement are denominated in a currency other than the currency of the United States of America, the United States Dollar equivalent for such costs, fees and expenses shall be determined by converting such other currency to United States Dollars at the foreign exchange rates published in the Wall Street Journal or, if not reported thereby, another authoritative source reasonably determined by the Company, in effect at the time such amount, cost, fee or expense is incurred, and in the event the resulting conversion yields a number that extends beyond two (2) decimal points, rounded to the nearest penny.
(p)      Except as otherwise specifically provided herein or the context expressly requires otherwise, references to any Contract, other agreement, document or instrument (excluding this Contract) are to that Contract, other agreement, document or instrument as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof and, unless otherwise specified therein, include all schedules, annexes, addendums, exhibits and any other documents attached or incorporate thereto.

94



(q)      References from or through any date mean, unless otherwise specified, from and including or through and including, respectively.
(r)      Any dollar or percentage thresholds set forth herein shall not be used as a benchmark for the determination of what is or is not “material” or a “Company Material Adverse Effect” under this Agreement.
(s)      When used herein, the word “extent” and the phrase “to the extent” means the degree to which a subject or other thing extends, and such word or phrase shall not simply mean “if.”
(t)      The Parties agree and acknowledge that they have been represented by counsel during, and have participated jointly in, the negotiation and execution of this Agreement and, therefore, irrevocably waive the application of any Law, holding or rule of construction providing that ambiguities in an agreement or other document will be construed against the Party drafting such agreement or document.
(u)      Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, documents or other information or materials will be deemed to have been “made available” (or words of similar import) by or on behalf of one or more Parties to another Party or Parties if such documents, information or materials have been (i) posted to an electronic data room maintained by the Company in connection with the Transaction with Merrill Corporation, or (ii) delivered or provided to Parent or its Affiliates or Representatives, in each case at any time prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement; provided, that, the Company shall deliver electronic copies of the electronic data room as of the date immediately preceding the date of this Agreement to Parent prior to or concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement.
(v)      Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, (i) any reference in this Agreement to a date or time shall be deemed to be such date or time in the City of New York, New York and (ii) when calculating the period of time within which, or following which, any action is to be taken pursuant to this Agreement, the date that is the reference day in calculating such period shall be excluded and if the last day of the period is a non-Business Day, the period in question shall end on the next Business Day or if any action must be taken hereunder on or by a day that is not a Business Day, then such action may be validly taken on or by the next day that is a Business Day. References to a number of days shall refer to calendar days unless Business Days are specified.
8.3      Survival of Representations, Warranties and Covenants . The representations, warranties and covenants of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub contained in this Agreement shall terminate at the Effective Time, and only the covenants that contemplate performance after the Effective Time or that by their terms survive the Effective Time shall so survive the Effective Time in accordance with their respective terms.

95



8.4      Notices . All notices and other communications required or permitted under, or otherwise given in connection with, this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly delivered and received hereunder (i) four (4) Business Days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (ii) one (1) Business Day after being sent for next Business Day delivery, fees prepaid, via a reputable internationally recognized overnight courier service, or (iii) immediately upon delivery by hand or by e-mail (so long as a receipt with respect to such e-mail is requested and received in writing), in each case to the intended recipient as set forth below;
(a)      if to Parent or Merger Sub, to:
Dassault Systemes Americas Corp.

175 Wyman Street

Waltham, MA 02451

Attention: DS Americas General Counsel

E-mail: mark.neil@3ds.com; matthew.vittiglio@3ds.com
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP

4 Times Square

New York, NY 10036

Attention: Howard L. Ellin; Jeremy D. London

E-mail: howard.ellin@skadden.com; jeremy.london@skadden.com
(b)      if to Guarantor, to:

96



Dassault Systèmes
10 rue Marcel Dassault, CS 40501
78946 Vélizy-Villacoublay Cedex, France
Attention: Etienne Lafougère and Legal Department
E-mail: etienne.lafougere@3ds.com; yannick.marion@3ds.com; augustin.bouzoud@3ds.com; List_custom_Legal_Corporate@3ds.com
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP

4 Times Square

New York, NY 10036

Attention: Howard L. Ellin; Jeremy D. London

E-mail: howard.ellin@skadden.com; jeremy.london@skadden.com
(c)      if to the Company, to:
Medidata Solutions, Inc.

350 Hudson Street, 9th Floor

New York, NY 10014

Attention: Tarek A. Sherif, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

E-mail: motner@medidata.com
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP
1301 Avenue of the Americas

97



New York, NY 10019
Attention: Warren J. Nimetz, Sheldon G. Nussbaum; Paul Jacobs
E-mail: warren.nimetz@nortonrosefulbright.com; sheldon.nussbaum@nortonrosefulbright.com; paul.jacobs@nortonrosefulbright.com
provided, however, in the event that the Company seeks the consent of Parent for any of the actions set forth in Section 5.1(b), such notice and other communication shall be delivered by e-mail (such notice or other communication being deemed delivered pursuant to this Section 8.4, so long as a receipt with respect to such e-mail is requested and received in writing) to Etienne Lafougere (etienne.lafougere@3ds.com), with a copy to Augustin Bouzoud (augustin.bouzoud@3ds.com), together with reasonable documentation or other reasonable explanation supporting such request for consent.

8.5      Assignment . Except as may be required to satisfy the obligations contemplated by Section 6.9 , no Party may assign either this Agreement or any of its rights or interests or obligations hereunder, in whole or part, by operation of Law or otherwise, without the prior written approval of the other Parties and any attempted or purported assignment or delegation in violation of this Section 8.5 shall be null and void. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
8.6      Confidentiality . Parent, Merger Sub and the Company hereby acknowledge that Guarantor and the Company have previously executed a Confidentiality Agreement, made as of March 11, 2019 (as the same may have been amended, the “Confidentiality Agreement”), which will continue in full force and effect in accordance with its terms.
8.7      Entire Agreement . This Agreement and the documents and instruments and other agreements among the Parties as contemplated by or referred to herein, including the Company Disclosure Letter, the Annexes hereto, and the Confidentiality Agreement, constitute the entire agreement among the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior and contemporaneous agreements, negotiations, representations, warranties and understandings, both written and oral, among the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof; provided , however , the Confidentiality Agreement shall not be superseded, shall survive any termination of this Agreement and shall continue in full force and effect until the earlier to occur of (a) the Effective Time and (b) the date on which the Confidentiality Agreement expires in accordance with its terms or is validly terminated by the parties thereto.

98



8.8      No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement is not intended to, and shall not, expressly or impliedly, confer upon any Person (other than the Parties) any rights or remedies hereunder, except (a) as set forth in or contemplated by the terms and provisions of Section 6.9 , which are intended for the benefit of the Indemnified Persons referred to therein, and may be enforced by any such Indemnified Persons and (b) from and after the Effective Time, the rights of holders of shares of the Company Common Stock and other Company Securities to receive the Merger Consideration, as set forth in Article I .
8.9      Severability . The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed severable and the illegality, invalidity or unenforceability of any provisions shall not affect the legality, validity or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement. In the event that any provision of this Agreement, or the application thereof, becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, (i) the remainder of this Agreement will continue in full force and effect, (ii) the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such illegality, invalidity or unenforceability and (iii) the Parties will negotiate reasonably and in good faith agree to replace such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision of this Agreement with a suitable and equitable provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the economic, business and other intent and purposes of such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision.
8.10      Remedies.Generally . Subject to Sections 7.3(b) through (d) , and except as otherwise provided herein, any and all remedies herein expressly conferred upon a Party will be deemed cumulative with and not exclusive of any other remedy conferred hereby, or by law or equity upon such Party, and the exercise by a Party of any one remedy will not preclude the exercise of any other remedy.
(a)      Specific Performance .
(i)      The Parties hereby agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any provision of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with its specific terms or were otherwise breached (and, more specifically, that immediate and irreparable harm would likewise occur if any of the Transactions, including the Merger, were not consummated and the Company Stockholders did not receive the aggregate consideration payable to them in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement), and that money damages or other legal remedies would not be an adequate remedy for any such damages (notwithstanding the termination fees contemplated hereby). Accordingly, the Parties acknowledge and hereby agree that in the event of any breach or threatened breach by the Company, on the one hand, or Parent or Merger Sub, on the other hand, of any of their respective covenants or obligations set forth in this Agreement, the Company, on the one hand, and Parent and Merger Sub, on the other hand, shall be entitled

99



to an injunction or injunctions to prevent or restrain breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement by the other (as applicable), and to specifically enforce the terms and provisions of this Agreement to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of, or to enforce compliance with, the covenants and obligations of the other under this Agreement and to thereafter cause the Merger and the other Transactions to be consummated.
(ii)      The Company, on the one hand, and Parent and Merger Sub, on the other hand hereby agree not to raise any objections to the availability of the equitable remedy of specific performance to prevent or restrain breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement by such Party (or Parties), and to specifically enforce the terms and provisions of this Agreement to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of, or to enforce compliance with, the covenants and obligations of such Party (or Parties) under this Agreement. Any Party seeking an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall not be required to provide any bond or other security in connection with any such injunction or enforcement, and each Party irrevocably waives any right that it may have to require the obtaining, furnishing or posting of any such bond or other security. The Parties further agree that (x) by seeking the remedies provided for in this Section 8.10(b) , a Party shall not in any respect waive its right to seek any other form of relief that may be available to a Party under this Agreement (including monetary damages) in the event that this Agreement has been terminated or in the event that the remedies provided for in this Section 8.10(b) are not available or otherwise are not granted and (y) nothing set forth in this Section 8.10(b) shall require any Party to institute any proceeding for (or limit any Party’s right to institute any proceeding for) specific performance under this Section 8.10(b) prior or as a condition to exercising any termination right under Article VII (and pursuing damages after such termination), nor shall the commencement of any Legal Proceeding pursuant to this Section 8.10(b) or anything set forth in this Section 8.10(b) restrict or limit any Party’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with the terms of Article VII or pursue any other remedies under this Agreement that may be available then or thereafter.
8.11      Governing Law . This Agreement, and all Legal Proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or the negotiation, validity or performance of this Agreement or the Transactions, shall be deemed to be made in and in all respects shall be governed by and interpreted and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of Delaware, regardless of the Laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts of law thereof (or any other jurisdiction) to the extent that such Laws would direct a matter to another jurisdiction.
8.12      Consent to Jurisdiction . Each of the Parties (a) irrevocably consents to service and any other process in any Legal Proceeding based upon, arising out of or relating to this Agreement, the Transactions, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof, for and on

100



behalf of itself or any of its properties or assets, in accordance with Section 8.4 ; provided that nothing in this Section 8.12 shall affect the right of any Party to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by applicable Law; (b) irrevocably and unconditionally consents and submits itself and its properties and assets in any Legal Proceeding to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or, if the Court of Chancery finds that it lacks subject matter jurisdiction over the Legal Proceeding, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware (Complex Commercial Division), or, if subject matter jurisdiction over the matter that is the subject of the Legal Proceeding is vested exclusively in the federal courts of the United States of America, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, and any appellate court from any thereof (the “Selected Courts”), in connection with any matter based upon, arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the Transactions, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof; (c) agrees that it will not attempt to deny or defeat such personal jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court; (d) agrees that any Legal Proceeding based upon, arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the Transactions, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof, shall be brought, tried and determined only in the Selected Courts;; and (e) agrees that it will not bring any Legal Proceeding based upon, arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the Transactions, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof, in any court other than the Selected Courts. Each Party hereto irrevocably and unconditionally waives, and agrees not to asset, by way of motion, as a defense, counterclaim or otherwise, in any Legal Proceeding based upon, arising out of or relating to this this Agreement, the Transactions, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof, (i) any claim that is it not personally subject to the jurisdiction of the Selected Courts for any reason; (ii) that it or its property is exempt or immune from the jurisdiction of any Selected Court or from any Legal Proceeding commenced in the Selected Courts (whether through service of notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution of judgment, execution of judgment otherwise); and (iii) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, that (x) the Legal Proceeding in any such court is brought in an inconvenient forum, (y) the venue of such Legal Proceeding is improper or (z) this Agreement, or the subject matter hereof of thereof, may not be enforced in or by such courts and further irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, the benefit of any defense that would hinder, fetter or delay the levy, execution or collection of any amount to which the Party is entitled pursuant to the final judgment of any court having jurisdiction. Each of Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company hereby agrees that (i) service of any process, summons, notice or document by notice as provided herein shall constitute sufficient service of process for any Legal Proceeding in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions and the Parties further waive any argument that such service is insufficient and (ii) a final judgment in any action or proceeding in such courts as provided above shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by applicable Law and subject to such other jurisdiction applicable Law on exequatur and recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. Each Party expressly acknowledges that the foregoing waiver is intended to be irrevocably under

101



the Laws of the State of Delaware and of the United States of America; provided , however that each such Party’s consent to jurisdiction and service contained in this Section 8.12 is solely for the purpose referred to in this Section 8.12 and shall not be deemed to be a general submission to said courts or in the State of Delaware other than for such purposes.
8.13      WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF GUARANTOR, PARENT, MERGER SUB AND THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ANY AND ALL RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE), DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, CONNECTED WITH, ARISING OUT OF OR OTHERWISE RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY INSTRUMENT OR OTHER DOCUMENT DELIVERED PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED THEREBY (INCLUDING THE DEBT FINANCING AND THE FACILITIES AGREEMENT) OR THE ACTIONS OF PARENT, MERGER SUB OR THE COMPANY IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT HEREOF (INCLUDING THE DEBT FINANCING AND THE FACILITIES AGREEMENT).
8.14      Disclosure Letter Matters .
(a)      The information contained in this Agreement, the Company Disclosure Letter and the Parent Disclosure Letter is disclosed solely for purposes of this Agreement, and no information contained herein or therein will be deemed to be an admission by any Party to any third Person of any matter whatsoever, including (i) any violation of Law or breach of Contract, or (ii) that such information is material or that such information is required to be referred to or disclosed under this Agreement.
(b)      The Parties agree that the disclosure of any item set forth in any particular section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Letter or the Parent Disclosure Letter shall be deemed to be an exception to (or, as applicable, a disclosure for purposes of) (i) the representations and warranties (or covenants, as applicable) of the applicable Party that are set forth in the corresponding Section or subsection of this Agreement, and (ii) any other representations and warranties (or covenants, as applicable) of the applicable Party that are set forth in this Agreement, but, in the case of this clause (ii), only if the relevance of that disclosure as an exception to (or a disclosure for purposes of) such other representations and warranties (or covenants, as applicable) is reasonably apparent on the face of such disclosure.
8.15      Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the Parties and delivered to each of the other Parties,

102



including by email, it being understood that all Parties need not sign the same counterpart, and unless and until such delivery, this Agreement shall have no effect and no Party shall have any right or obligation hereunder (whether by virtue of any other oral or written agreement or other communication). A signed copy of this Agreement delivered by email or other means of electronic transmission shall be deemed to have the same legal effect as delivery of any original signed copy of this Agreement.
8.16      Guaranty .
(a)      Guarantor, in order to induce the Company to execute and deliver this Agreement, hereby absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably and as a primary obligation (and not as surety only) guarantees (the “Guarantor Guaranty”) each and every covenant, agreement and other obligation of Parent and Merger Sub, including the due, punctual and full payment and performance of each of Parent’s and Merger Sub’s (including its permitted designees’ and assigns’) obligations hereunder when due, including payment of the Merger Consideration, subject to any and all limitations on any of Parent’s or Merger Sub’s covenants, agreements and other obligations hereunder. If Parent or Merger Sub fails or refuses to pay or perform any such obligations, Guarantor shall promptly pay or perform such obligations after any such failure or refusal, as applicable. The Guarantor Guaranty shall terminate and be of no further force and effect immediately following the Effective Time.
(b)      Guarantor represents and warrants to the Company that (i) Guarantor is a societas Europaea (European company), which is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of France, and has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its covenants and obligations hereunder and to consummate the Transactions, (ii) the execution and delivery by Guarantor of this Agreement, the performance by Guarantor of its covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by Guarantor of the Transactions have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Guarantor, (iii) no additional corporate proceedings on the part of Guarantor are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery by Guarantor of this Agreement, (iv) the performance by Guarantor of its covenants and obligations hereunder (including under Section 1.6(i)(ii) ) or the consummation by Guarantor of the Transactions have been duly executed, performed and delivered by Guarantor and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Guarantor, enforceable against Guarantor in accordance with its terms, subject to the Enforceability Limitations, (vi) the execution and delivery by Guarantor of this Agreement, the performance by Guarantor of its covenants and obligations hereunder and the consummation by Guarantor of the Transactions do not and will not (a) violate or conflict with any provision of the Organizational Document of Guarantor, (b) violate, conflict with, or result in the breach of or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or result in the termination of, or accelerate the performance required by,

103



or result in a right of termination (or the loss of any benefit) or acceleration under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, contract, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which Guarantor is a party or by which Guarantor or any of its properties or assets may be bound, (c) violate or conflict with any Law or Order applicable to Guarantor or by which any of its properties, assets, businesses or operations are bound or (d) result in the creation of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) upon any of the properties or assets of Guarantor, except in the case of each of clauses (b), (c) and (d) above, as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay the consummation by Guarantor of the Transactions, (vii) no Consent of any Governmental Authority is required on the part of Guarantor or any of their Affiliates in connection with the execution and delivery by Guarantor of this Agreement or the performance by Guarantor of the Transactions, (viii) Guarantor has fully paid, or caused to be fully paid, any and all fees or other amounts that are due and payable on or prior to the date of this Agreement arising under the Facilities Agreement, (ix) as of the date of this Agreement, the Facilities Agreement is in full force and effect and is a legal, valid and binding obligation of Guarantor and, to the knowledge of Guarantor, the other parties thereto, fully and specifically enforceable against the parties thereto in accordance with its terms, subject to the Enforceability Limitations, (x) as of the date of this Agreement, (x) the Facilities Agreement has not been amended or modified (and, to the knowledge of Guarantor, no such amendment or modification is contemplated) and (y) the commitments set forth in the Facilities Agreement have not been withdrawn or rescinded in any respect (and, to the knowledge of Guarantor, no such withdrawal or rescission is contemplated) and (xi) as of the date of this Agreement, assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth herein, (x) no event has occurred which, with or without notice, lapse of time or both, would reasonably be expected to constitute a default or breach on the part of Guarantor or, to the knowledge of Guarantor, any other party thereto, under any term or condition of the Facilities Agreement, or otherwise result in any portion of the Debt Financing contemplated thereby to be unavailable or delayed, (y) there are no conditions precedent or other contingences related to the funding of the full amount of the Debt Financing other than those set forth in the Facilities Agreement and (z) Guarantor has no reason to believe that any term or condition of or to the Debt Financing set forth in the Facilities Agreement will not be fully satisfied on a timely basis or that the Debt Financing will not be available to Guarantor at the Closing. The Company hereby expressly acknowledges and agrees that Guarantor is a signatory to this Agreement solely for purposes of Section 1.6(e) , Section 1.6(f) , Section 1.6(g) , Section 1.6(i) , Section 2.4(b) , Section 6.1(a) , Section 6.2 , Section 6.3 , Section 6.4 , Section 6.5 , Section 7.5 , Section 8.16 and Section 8.17 .
(c)      The provisions of Section 7.5 , Section 8.2 , Section 8.4 , Section 8.5 , Section 8.8 , Section 8.9 , Section 8.10 , Section 8.11 , Section 8.12 , Section 8.13 and Section 8.15 shall be deemed to be applicable to this Section 8.16 . For the avoidance of doubt, the Company and Guarantor may provide the other with any notice or other communication required to be sent to the other

104



pursuant to this Agreement by sending such notice to the address for such party set forth in Section 8.4 (and the provisions set forth therein shall govern the giving of such notices).
8.17      Debt Financing . Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement (including, Section 7.4 , Section 7.5 , Section 8.8 , Section 8.11 and Section 8.12 ) to the contrary:
(a)      the Company, on behalf of itself and its Subsidiaries, hereby agrees that none of the Debt Financing Sources or any of their respective Affiliates will have any liability to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall have any right or claim against any Debt Financing Source or any of its Affiliates, in each case, in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement, the Facilities Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (including any Debt Financing) or the performance of any services thereunder, whether at law, in equity, in contract, in tort or otherwise;
(b)      the Company, on behalf of itself and its Subsidiaries, hereby agrees not to bring or support or permit any of its Subsidiaries to bring or support any Legal Proceeding of any kind or description, whether at law, in equity, in contract, in tort or otherwise, against any Debt Financing Source or any of their respective Affiliates in any way arising out of or relating to this Agreement, the Facilities Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (including the Debt Financing) or the performance of any services thereunder in any forum other than The Tribunal de Commerce de Paris, and agrees that any such Legal Proceeding shall be exclusively governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of France (without giving effect to any conflicts of law principles that would result in the application of the laws of another jurisdiction), except as otherwise expressly provided in the Facilities Agreement;
(c)      Parent, Merger Sub, Guarantor and the Company hereby agree that the Debt Financing Sources are express third party beneficiaries of, and may enforce, this Section 8.17 ; and
(d)      Parent, Merger Sub, Guarantor and the Company hereby agree that the provisions in this Section 8.17 and Section 8.13 and the definition of the term “Debt Financing Sources” (and any other definition set forth in, or any other provision of, this Agreement to the extent that an amendment, waiver or other modification of such definition or other provision would amend, waive or otherwise modify the substance of this Section 8.17 , Section 8.13 or the definition of the term “Debt Financing Sources”) shall not be amended, waived or otherwise modified, in each case, in any way adverse to the Debt Financing Sources without the prior written consent of the affected Debt Financing Source(s) (and any such amendment, waiver or other modification without such prior written consent shall be null and void).
[ Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank ]


105





IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective duly authorized officers to be effective as of the date first above written.
DASSAULT SYSTÈMES SE
By:     /s/ Pascal Daloz    
Name: Pascal Daloz
Title: Executive Vice President, Financial Officer & Corporate Strategy Officer
DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP.
By:     /s/ Daniel J. Barnes    
Name: Daniel J. Barnes
Title: Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
3DS ACQUISITION 6 CORP.
By:     /s/ Pascal Daloz    
Name: Pascal Daloz
Title: Chief Financial Officer / Treasurer
MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.
By:     /s/ Tarek A. Sherif    
Name: Tarek A. Sherif
Title: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer



106




ANNEX A

CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS
“Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement” means an agreement that is either (i) in effect as of the execution and delivery of this Agreement or (ii) executed, delivered and effective after the execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Agreement, in either case, containing provisions that require any counterparty thereto (and any of its Representatives described therein) that receive material non-public information of or with respect to the Company to keep such information confidential; provided that such confidentiality provisions are, taken as a whole, no less restrictive to such counterparty (and any of its Representatives described therein) than the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement are on Guarantor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an “Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement” shall not (x) be required to contain any “standstill” or other similar provisions, (y) provide for an exclusive right to negotiate with the Company, and (z) restrict the Company or its Representatives from complying with their obligations pursuant to Section 5.2 .
“Acquisition Proposal” means any offer, proposal, indication of interest, other than an offer, proposal, indication of interest by Guarantor, Parent or Merger Sub, to engage in an Acquisition Transaction.
“Acquisition Transaction” means any transaction or series of related transactions (other than the Transactions) involving: (i) any direct or indirect purchase or other similar transaction by any Person or “group” (as defined in or under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), whether from the Company and/or any other Person(s), including pursuant to a tender offer, exchange offer, share purchase, share exchange or other acquisition by any Person or “group” (as defined in or under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) that, if consummated in accordance with its terms, would result in such Person or “group” beneficially owning more than twenty percent (20%) of the shares of Company Common Stock outstanding after giving effect to the consummation of such purchase or other acquisition; (ii) any direct or indirect purchase or other acquisition by any Person or “group” (as defined in or under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) of more than twenty percent (20%) of the consolidated revenue, net income, EBITDA or assets (measured by the fair market value thereof as of the date of such sale, transfer, acquisition or disposition) of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (iii) any merger, consolidation, business combination, joint venture, partnership, recapitalization, reorganization, spin-off, extraordinary dividend or other similar transaction involving the Company pursuant to which any Person or “group” (as defined in or under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), other than the Company Stockholders (as a group) immediately prior to the consummation of such transaction, would hold shares of Company Common Stock representing more than twenty percent (20%) of the shares of Company Common Stock outstanding

A - 1




after giving effect to the consummation of such transaction; or (iv) a liquidation, dissolution or other winding up of the Company.
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person which directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person. For purposes of the immediately preceding sentence, the term “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by Contract or otherwise; provided , however that notwithstanding anything to the contrary, references to Guarantor’s, Parent’s or Merger Sub’s Affiliates shall expressly exclude any Person that controls Guarantor or which is under the control of any Person controlling Guarantor other than Persons controlled, directly or indirectly, by Guarantor itself.
“Alternative Acquisition Agreement” means any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle, term sheet, acquisition agreement, merger agreement, arrangement agreement, option agreement, joint venture agreement, partnership agreement, share purchase agreement, asset purchase agreement, share execution agreement, lease agreement or other similar agreement or Contract (other than an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement) providing for any Acquisition Proposal or requiring the Company (or that would otherwise require the Company) to abandon, terminate or fail to consummate any of the Transactions (including the Merger).
“Antitrust Law” means the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, the Clayton Act of 1914, the HSR Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act and all other Laws that are designed or intended to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade or significant impediments or lessening of competition or the creation or strengthening of a dominant position through merger or acquisition, in any case that are applicable to the Transactions.
“Applicable Date” means January 1, 2017.
“Business Day” means any day ending at 11:59 p.m., other than (i) a Saturday or Sunday, (ii) any day which is a legal holiday under the Laws of the State of New York, (iii)any day on which banking institutions located in the State of New York, New York City or Paris, France are, or the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware is, authorized or required by Law to close or (iv) any day on which the principal office of the SEC in Washington D.C. is not open to accept filings.
“CFIUS” means the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States or any successor entity, and any member agency thereof acting in such capacity.
“CFIUS Clearance” means the Parties shall have received (a) a written notice issued by CFIUS stating that CFIUS has concluded that the Transactions are not a “covered transaction” and

A - 2




not subject to review under applicable Law, (b) a written notice issued by CFIUS that it has determined that there are no unresolved national security concerns with respect to the Transactions, and has concluded all action under the DPA or (c) either (i) the President of the United States shall have determined not to use his powers pursuant to the DPA to unwind, suspend, condition or prohibit the consummation of the Transactions or (ii) the period allotted for presidential action under the DPA shall have passed without any determination by the President.
“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
“Company Balance Sheet” means the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of March 31, 2019 set forth in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by the Company with the SEC for the quarter ended March 31, 2019.
“Company Balance Sheet Date” means March 31, 2019.
“Company Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Company Capital Stock” means the Company Common Stock and the Company Preferred Stock.
“Company Common Stock” means the Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company.
“Company Equity Awards” means, collectively, Company Options, Company PSUs, Company RSAs and Company RSUs.
“Company ESPP” means the Company’s Third Amended and Restated 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
“Company Intellectual Property Rights” means the Owned Intellectual Property Rights and the Licensed Intellectual Property Rights.
“Company IT Systems” means computers, computer systems, workstations, networks, servers, routers, hubs, circuits, switches, data communications lines, hardware, Software, databases, Internet websites, and all other equipment and systems (including any outsourced systems and processes) used to process, store, maintain and operate data and functions used in connection with the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, including systems to operate and deliver Company Products, and to operate payroll, accounting, billing/receivables, payables, inventory, asset tracking, customer service and human resources functions.
“Company Material Adverse Effect” means any change, effect, event, occurrence, fact, condition or development (each a “Change,” and collectively, “Changes”) that (a), individually or

A - 3




in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, operations, properties, assets, liabilities (contingent or otherwise), financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole or (b) would or would reasonably be expected to prevent, materially delay or materially impair the ability of the Company to consummate the Merger or to perform any of its material obligations under this Agreement without material delay; provided , however , that, in no event shall any of the following Changes (by itself or when aggregated or taken together with any and all other Changes) be taken into account when determining whether there has been, would be or would reasonably be expected to occur a “Company Material Adverse Effect”:
(i)      general economic conditions (or changes in such conditions) in the United States or any other country or region in the world, or conditions in the global economy generally;
(ii)      conditions (or changes in such conditions) in the securities markets, capital markets, credit markets, currency markets or other financial markets in the United States or any other country or region in the world, including (A) changes in interest rates in the United States or any other country or region in the world and changes in exchange rates for the currencies of any countries and (B) any suspension of trading in securities (whether equity, debt, derivative or hybrid securities) generally on any securities exchange or over-the-counter market operating in the United States or any other country or region in the world;
(iii)      conditions (or changes in such conditions) that are generally applicable in the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries conduct business and not specifically relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(iv)      political conditions (or changes in such conditions) in the United States or any other country or region in the world (including any prolonged federal government furlough, shutdown or lack of funding), or acts of war, sabotage or terrorism (including any escalation or general worsening of any such acts of war, sabotage or terrorism) in the United States or any other country or region in the world;
(v)      earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, tornadoes, floods, mudslides, wild fires or other natural disasters, weather conditions, and other force majeure events in the United States or any other country or region;
(vi)      changes in Law or other legal or regulatory conditions (or the interpretation thereof) or changes in GAAP or other accounting standards (or the interpretation thereof);
(vii)      direct consequences resulting from the announcement of this Agreement or the pendency or consummation of the Transactions, including (A) the identity of Guarantor, Parent or any communication by Guarantor or Parent regarding the plans or intentions of Guarantor or

A - 4




Parent with respect to the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (B) the loss or departure of officers or other employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (C) the termination or potential termination of (or the failure or potential failure to renew or enter into), or delays or disruptions to, any Contracts with customers, suppliers, distributors or other business partners, and (D) any other negative development (or potential negative development) in the Company’s relationships, contractual or otherwise, with any of its customers, suppliers, distributors collaboration partners, lenders or other business partners (it being understood that this clause (vii) shall not apply to any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement of the Company herein that is intended to address the consequences of the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the Transactions);
(viii)      any action required to be taken by Guarantor or Parent or any of its controlled Affiliates, or any action taken by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which Guarantor or Parent has requested in writing in accordance with Section 8.4 ;
(ix)      any action required to be taken by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other than the Company’s obligations under Section 5.1(a) ) pursuant to this Agreement; or the failure to take any action by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prohibited by this Agreement as a result of the failure of Parent to consent to such action;
(x)      changes in the Company’s stock price or the trading volume of the Company’s stock, in and of itself, or any failure by the Company to meet any public estimates or expectations of the Company’s revenue, earnings or other financial performance or results of operations for any period, in and of itself, or the issuance of revised projections that are not as optimistic as those in existence as of the date hereof or any failure by the Company to meet any internal budgets, plans or forecasts of its revenues, earnings or other financial performance or results of operations, in and of itself, or (but not, in each case, the underlying cause of such changes or failures, which, for the avoidance of doubt, may be considered in determining whether a Company Material Adverse Effect has occurred unless such changes or failures would not otherwise be excepted from this definition by another exception herein);
(xi)      any legal proceedings made or brought by any of the current or former Company Stockholders (on their own behalf or on behalf of the Company) against the Company, including legal proceedings arising out of the Merger or in connection with any other Transactions;
(xii)      the availability or cost of debt or other financing to Guarantor, Parent, Merger Sub or the Surviving Corporation; and
(xiii)      the matters set forth on Section 3.11(a) in the Company Disclosure Letter.

A - 5




except to the extent any such Change described in clauses (i) through (vi) above has a disproportionately adverse effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in comparison to other companies that operate in the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate.
“Company Options” means any options to purchase shares of Company Common Stock outstanding under any of the Company Stock Plans.
“Company Owned Software” means Software included in the Owned Intellectual Property Rights.
“Company Preferred Stock” means the Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company.
“Company Products” means (i) all software programs, SaaS solutions and other products that are, or have been, developed, licensed and/or distributed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and (ii) all services made available to customers that are, or have been, provided by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
“Company PSU” means a performance stock unit (including performance-based restricted stock units) granted pursuant to any Company Stock Plan that vests on the basis of time and the achievement of performance and pursuant to which the holder has a right to receive Shares or cash following the vesting or lapse of restrictions applicable to such performance stock unit.
“Company Registered IP” means all of the Registered Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
“Company RSA” means each outstanding restricted stock award granted under a Company Stock Plan.
“Company RSU” means each outstanding restricted stock unit granted under a Company Stock Plan that vests solely on the basis of time and pursuant to which the holder has a right to receive shares of Company Common Stock or cash following the vesting or lapse of restrictions applicable to such restricted stock unit.
“Company Stock Plan” means the Company’s (i) Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Option Plan, (ii) Second Amended and Restated 2009 Long-Term Incentive Plan, and (iii) Amended and Restated 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
“Company Stockholders” means holders of shares of Company Capital Stock, in their respective capacities as such.

A - 6




“Continuing Employee” means each Employee who continues to be an employee of Parent or one of its Subsidiaries (including the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries) on and immediately following the Effective Time.
“Contract” means (whether written or oral) any contract, subcontract, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, sublicense, agreement, arrangement, consent, settlement, concession, franchise or other instrument or obligation. With respect to the vendor and customer contracts referenced in Sections 3.12(a)(v) and 3.12(a)(ix) , the Contract shall mean (i) the master services agreement (together with all amendments thereto) between the Company and such party and (ii) the principal sales orders made available to Parent.
“Copyright” means any copyright in any work of authorship and any other copyrightable subject matter (including copyrights in Software, databases and Internet website or other content), and registrations and applications therefor, and all renewals, extensions, restorations and reversions thereof.
“Delaware Law” means the DGCL and any other applicable Law (including common law) of the State of Delaware.
“DOJ” means the United States Department of Justice.
“DOL” means the United States Department of Labor.
“DPA” means Section 721 of the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended, including the implementing regulations thereof, codified at 31 C.F.R. Parts 800 and 801.
“Employee” means each officer or employee who, as of immediately prior to the Effective Time, is employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
“Environmental Law” means any applicable Law relating to (i) Releases or threatened Releases of Hazardous Materials, (ii) manufacture, handling, transport, use, treatment, storage or disposal of Hazardous Materials, or (iii) protection of worker human health and safety with respect to exposures of Hazardous Materials.
“Environmental Permits” means all Permits required under applicable Environmental Laws.
“Equity Award Conversion Ratio” means the quotient of (i) the Merger Consideration divided by (ii) Guarantor Trading Price.
“ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

A - 7




“ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that would be treated together with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as a “single employer” within the meaning of Section 4001(b) of ERISA or Section 414 of the Code.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
“Export and Sanctions Regulations” means all applicable sanctions and export control Laws in jurisdictions in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries do business or are otherwise subject to jurisdiction, including the U.S. International Traffic in Arms Regulations, the Export Administration Regulations, U.S. sanctions Laws and regulations administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), including, OFAC’s Specially Designated Nationals List, and economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered, or enforced from time to time by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, or her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom.
“FCPA” means the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977.
“FTC” means the United States Federal Trade Commission.
“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles, as applied in the United States.
“Government Contract” means any prime Contract, subcontract, basic ordering agreement, blanket purchase agreement, letter agreement, grant, cooperative agreement, or other commitment or funding vehicle between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (a) a Governmental Authority or (b) any prime contractor to a Governmental Authority. A Government Task Order valued at less than $10,000 shall not constitute a separate Government Contract for purposes of this definition, but shall be part of the Government Contract to which it relates.
“Government Task Order” means any purchase order, delivery order, or task order under a Government Contract.
“Governmental Authority” means any government, governmental or regulatory authority, entity or body, department, commission, board, agency (including, any administrative agency), instrumentality, taxing authority, political subdivision, bureau or official, self-regulatory organization (including NASDAQ) or quasi-governmental or government sponsored enterprise and any court, tribunal, arbitral or judicial body, in each case whether federal, national, state, county, provincial, and whether local, domestic, foreign or supranational.
“Guarantor Material Adverse Effect” means any Change that would or would reasonably be expected to prevent, materially delay or materially impair the ability of Guarantor to consummate

A - 8




the Merger or to perform any of its material obligations under this Agreement without material delay.
“Guarantor Ordinary Shares” means the ordinary shares of Guarantor, par value €0.5 per share.
“Guarantor Trading Price” means the volume weighted average sales prices per share of Guarantor Ordinary Shares for the ten (10) full consecutive trading days ending on and including the Business Day that is three (3) Business Days immediately prior to the Closing Date (as such volume weighted average is reported by Bloomberg or, if not reported by Bloomberg, as reported by another authoritative source) and expressed in U.S. dollars at the dollar-euro conversion rate published by the European Central Bank for each such trading day.
“Hazardous Materials” means any chemical, substance or waste defined and regulated by a Governmental Authority as “hazardous,” “toxic,” “radioactive” or a “pollutant” under applicable Environmental Laws.
“HSR Act” means the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976.
“Intellectual Property Rights” means all intellectual property rights existing anywhere in the world, including: (a) Patents; (b) Trademarks; (c) Copyrights; (d) industrial designs, including registrations and applications therefor, and all renewals, extensions, restorations and reversions thereof; (e) database rights and rights in data and collections of data; (f) Internet domain names, URLs, rights in e-mail addresses and social media handles, accounts and other identifiers; (g) rights in Software, and (h) Trade Secrets.
“Intervening Event” shall mean any Change that is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, that (i) was not known to, or reasonably foreseeable by, the Company Board as of or prior to the date of this Agreement (or if known or reasonably foreseeable, the material consequences of which were not known or reasonably foreseeable by the Company Board as of or prior to the date of this Agreement), which Change, or any material consequence thereof, becomes known to, or reasonably foreseeable by, the Company Board prior to the Requisite Stockholder Approval and (ii) does not involve or relate to (A) the receipt, existence or terms of an Acquisition Proposal, (B) any changes in the market price or trading volume of Company Common Stock, in and of itself or (C) the Company or Parent meeting, failing to meet or exceeding published or unpublished revenue or earnings projections, in each case in and of itself, (it being understood that with respect to each of the foregoing clauses (A) through (C) the Change giving rise or contributing to such change may be taken into account when determining whether an Intervening Event has occurred to the extent not otherwise excluded from this definition).
“IRS” means the United States Internal Revenue Service.

A - 9




“Knowledge” of the Company, with respect to any matter in question, means the knowledge, after reasonable due inquiry, of the individuals listed on Section A-1 of the Company Disclosure Letter.
“Law” means any federal, state, local, municipal, domestic foreign, supranational, international or other law, statute, constitution, principle of common law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, ruling or other legal requirement issued, enacted, adopted, promulgated, implemented or otherwise put into effect by or under the authority of any Governmental Authority (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent).
“Legal Proceeding” means any action, cause of action, claim, demand, investigation, review, grievance, citation, summons, subpoena, inquiry, audit, hearing, lawsuit, litigation or other similarly formal legal proceeding brought by or pending before any Governmental Authority of any nature, civil, criminal, regulatory, administrative or otherwise, whether in equity or at law, in Contract, in tort or otherwise.
“Licensed Intellectual Property Rights” means all of the Intellectual Property Rights licensed, otherwise providing a right to use or access, to the Company and its Subsidiaries or otherwise used in the conduct of their business.
“Lien” means any lien, pledge, hypothecation, charge, mortgage, security interest, encumbrance, easement, encroachment, claim, option, lease, sub-lease, deed of trust, right of first offer, right of first refusal, preemptive right, community property interest, adverse right, prior assignment, ownership right of other Persons, other rights and interests of record or any other restriction of any kind or nature whatsoever (including any restriction on the voting of any security, any restriction on the transfer of any security or other asset, any restriction on the possession, exercise or transfer of any other attribute of ownership of any asset).
“Materially Detrimental Provision” means any Contractual provision that (1) restricts the freedom of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to (A) carry on the whole or any part of its business in any part of the world, (B) operate or engage in any business or (C) compete with any person, (2) is not on arm’s length terms, (3) involves the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries being under any obligation to develop, author, create or otherwise cause to be made any new product and/or one or more additional or future functionalities to existing Company Products (other than customer-specific services deliverables that are not part of, and incidental to use of, Company Products in the ordinary course), (4) provides to a third party any representation or warranty that any Company Products have been delivered, modified, installed or configured so that it shall be compatible with any computer Software supplied by any third party other than for such commercially recognized operating and/or data base systems, in their standard form and configurations that are specified for use with such product in the standard documentation provided generally for its users

A - 10




or (5) provides for the grant of “most favored nation” pricing or obligates the Company or any of its controlled Affiliates or, at or after the Effective Time, Parent or any of its controlled Affiliates to conduct business with any third party on a preferential or exclusive basis, in each case, with respect to the Company, any of its controlled Affiliates, Parent or any of its controlled Affiliates, as applicable.
“NASDAQ” means The NASDAQ Global Select Market.
“Open Source Software” means any Software, data, algorithm or other Intellectual Property Right (“Component”) that requires, as a condition of its use, modification and/or distribution, that such Component, or another Component incorporated into, derived from, linked with or distributed with such Component, (1) be disclosed or distributed in source code form, (2) be licensed for the purpose of making derivative works, or (3) be redistributable at no or minimal charge. For the avoidance of doubt, Open Source Software includes all Software licensed or distributed under any version of the GNU Affero General Public License, GNU General Public License (GPL), Lesser/Library GPL (LGPL) or any other licenses meeting any one or more of the foregoing requirements set forth in clauses (1) through (3).
“Order” means any order, judgment, decision, decree (including any consent decree or similar agreed order or judgment), directive, determination, injunction, ruling, award, settlement, stipulation, writ or verdict, whether civil, criminal or administrative, in each case, that is entered, issued or rendered by any Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent).
“Organizational Documents” means with respect to any Person (other than an individual), (i) the certificate or articles of association or incorporation or organization or limited partnership or limited liability company, and any joint venture, limited liability company, operating, stockholders or partnership agreement and other similar documents adopted or filed in connection with the creation, formation or organization of such Person; (ii) all by-laws of such Person and voting agreements to which such Person is a party relating to the organization or governance of such Person; and (iii) any plan adopted by the board of directors or similar governing body of such Person governing the issuance or terms of any equity interests of such Person.
“Other Anti-Bribery Laws” means other than the FCPA, all anti-bribery, anti-corruption, anti-money-laundering and similar applicable Laws of each jurisdiction in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate or have operated and in which any authorized agent thereof is conducting or has conducted business involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
“Owned Intellectual Property Rights” means all of the Intellectual Property Rights owned or purported to be owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries or otherwise.

A - 11




“Parent Material Adverse Effect” means any Change that would or would reasonably be expected to prevent, materially delay or materially impair the ability of Parent or Merger Sub to consummate the Merger or to perform any of their respective material obligations under this Agreement without material delay.
“Patents” means (i) patents and patent applications (including for utility and design patents), and statutory invention registrations, including divisionals, re-issues, re-examinations, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, supplementary protection certificates, renewals, extensions and substitutes thereof, and (ii) inventions, including the right to file applications and priority rights associated therewith.
“Permitted Liens” means any of the following: (i) Liens for Taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies either not yet delinquent or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which appropriate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP; (ii) mechanics, carriers’, workmen’s, warehouseman’s, repairmen’s, materialmen’s or other Liens imposed by Law or arising in the ordinary course of business that are not yet delinquent or that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings and for which appropriate reserves have been established on the Company Balance Sheet in accordance with GAAP; (iii)  Liens imposed by applicable securities Law; (iv) cash deposits to secure obligations under workers’ compensation Laws or similar legislation or to secure public or statutory obligations, in each case, in the ordinary course of business; (v) recorded and unrecorded minor defects, imperfections or irregularities in title, easements, encumbrances, covenants and rights of way, and other similar restrictions (excluding any such encumbrances with respect to Intellectual Property Rights), zoning, building and other similar applicable codes or restrictions, and matters that would be disclosed by a title report or survey of leased or owned real property , in each case, that do not materially and adversely affect, or materially impair the use and operation of the property subject thereto in the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as presently conducted thereon; (vi) Liens the existence of which are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019; (vii) Liens imposed on the underlying fee interest in leased real property and not on the interest of the tenant under a Lease (except as otherwise disclosed hereunder); (viii) with respect to Intellectual Property Rights, non-exclusive licenses granted to (1) customers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in material accordance with the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ form terms of service, end user agreements and support and maintenance agreements, which terms of service, end user agreement and other agreements, have been identified and disclosed to Guarantor or Parent, or (2) incidentally to suppliers and vendors solely to provide services or products to the Company or its Subsidiaries, in each case as entered into in the ordinary course of business; and (ix) Liens described in Section 1 of the Company Disclosure Letter.

A - 12




“Person” means any natural person, individual, corporation (including any non-profit corporation), general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, estate, trust, company (including any limited liability company or joint stock company), firm or other enterprise, association, organization, entity or Governmental Authority.
“Personal Information” means, in addition to any definition for any similar term (e.g., “personally identifiable information”, “personal data”, “PII”, “protected health information”, “medical information” or similar terms) provided by applicable Law, or by the Company or its Subsidiaries in any of their privacy policies or privacy notices or contractual obligations to customers and other third parties, any information that identifies or could reasonably be used to identify an individual person as well as any information maintained in association with such information where such information would be considered personal information under applicable Law. Personal Information may relate to any individual, including a current, prospective, or former customer, end-user or employee of any Person, and may include information in any form or media, whether paper, electronic, or otherwise.
“Privacy Laws” means any and all applicable Laws, legal requirements and self-regulatory guidelines (including of any applicable foreign jurisdiction) governing the receipt, collection, compilation, use, storage, processing, sharing, safeguarding, security (both technical and physical), disposal, destruction, disclosure, transfer (including cross-border) or protection of Personal Information and/or Software, IT systems or networks, including, as applicable, the Federal Trade Commission Act, Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA), California Confidentiality of Medical Information Act, Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM) Act, California Online Privacy Protection Act, Massachusetts General Law Chapter 93H and its associated regulations, including 201 CMR 17.00 et seq ., EU-U.S. Privacy Shield, Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield, General Data Protection Regulation, Regulation 2016/679/EU on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (“GDPR”), California’s Shine the Light Law and similar Laws in other jurisdictions, state Laws concerning privacy policies and any and all applicable Laws requiring notification in connection with loss, theft, misuse or unauthorized access, use, modification or disclosure of Personal Information.
“Privacy Obligations” means the published, posted and internal agreements and policies, and any Contractual obligations to customers and other third parties, in each case, of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries, regarding collection, storage, use, disclosure, transfer or other processing, or the protection, of Personal Information.

A - 13




“Registered Intellectual Property Rights” means all Intellectual Property Rights that are the subject of an application, certificate, filing, or registration issued by, filed with, or recorded by, any Governmental Authority in any jurisdiction.
“Release” shall have the same meaning as under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 9601 (22).
“Relevant Antitrust Jurisdictions” shall mean the United States and the non-U.S. jurisdictions set forth in Section 2.2(a)(ii) of the Company Disclosure Letter.
“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” means the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933.
“Software” means any (a) computer program, application, middleware, firmware, microcode and other software, including operating systems, software implementations of algorithms, models and methodologies, in each case, whether in source code, object code or other form or format, including libraries, subroutines and other components thereof, (b) databases and compilations, including any and all data and collections of data, whether machine readable or otherwise, (c) descriptions, flow-charts and other work product used to design, plan, organize and develop any of the foregoing, screens, user interfaces, report formats, firmware, development tools, templates, menus, buttons and icons and (d) and all documentation (including user manuals and other training documentation) relating to the foregoing.
“Source Code Materials” means, as it pertains to source code of any Software, (i) the software, tools and materials utilized for the operation, development and maintenance of the Software, (ii) documentation describing the names, vendors and version numbers of (A) the development tools used to maintain or develop the Software, and (B) any third-party software or other applications that form part of the Software and are therefore required in order to compile, assemble, translate, bind and load the Software into executable releases, (iii) all programmers’ notes, bug lists and technical information, systems and user manuals and documentation for the Software, including all job control language statements, descriptions of data structures, flow charts, technical specifications, schematics, statements or principles of operations, architecture standards and annotations describing the operation of the Software, and (iv) all test data, test cases and test automation scripts used for the testing and validating the functioning of the Software.
“Subsidiary” of any Person means (i) a corporation more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person or by one of more other Subsidiaries of such Person or by such Person and one or

A - 14




more other Subsidiaries thereof, (ii) a partnership of which such Person, or one or more other Subsidiaries of such Person or such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, directly or indirectly, is the general partner or has the power to direct the policies, management and affairs of such partnership, (iii) a limited liability company of which such Person or one or more other Subsidiaries of such Person or such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, directly or indirectly, is the managing member or has the power to direct the policies, management and affairs of such company or (iv) any other Person (other than a corporation, partnership or limited liability company) in which such Person, or one or more other Subsidiaries of such Person or such Person and one or more other Subsidiaries thereof, directly or indirectly, has at least a majority ownership or the power to direct the policies, management and affairs thereof.
“Superior Proposal” means any written Acquisition Proposal for an Acquisition Transaction, which did not result from a breach by the Company of Section 5.2 , that the Company Board shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with a financial advisor of nationally recognized reputation and outside legal counsel), taking into account all relevant legal, financial, regulatory and other aspects of such Acquisition Proposal and this Agreement, (i) to be reasonably likely to be consummated in accordance with its terms and (ii) would result in a transaction more favorable to the Company Stockholders (solely in their capacity as such) from a financial point of view than the Transactions (after taking into account any revisions to the terms of this Agreement proposed by Parent pursuant to Section 6.1(c) ); provided , however , that for purposes of the reference to an “Acquisition Proposal” in this definition of a “Superior Proposal,” all references to “more than twenty percent (20%)” in the definition of “Acquisition Transaction” shall be deemed to be references to “a majority.”
“Tax” means any and all U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. taxes, including taxes based upon or measured by net or gross receipts, income, profits, sales, use and occupation, and value added, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, withholding, payroll, recapture, employment, excise and property taxes, together with all interest, penalties and additions imposed with respect to such amounts.
“Tax Return” means all returns and reports (including elections, declarations, disclosures, schedules, claims for refund, statements, estimates, information returns and other similar documents or attachments thereto or amendments thereof) required to be filed with a Governmental Authority relating to Taxes.
“Trade Secrets” means (i) any information which (A) is not generally known among, or readily accessible to, persons within the circles that normally deal with the kind of information in question and (B) has commercial value because it is secret, and (ii) other confidential and proprietary information, including discoveries, concepts, ideas, research and development, algorithms, know-how, formulae, inventions (whether or not patentable), processes, techniques, technical data,

A - 15




designs, drawings, specifications, databases, and customer lists, in each case excluding any rights in respect of any of the foregoing that comprise or are protected by issued Patents.
“Trademarks” means any registered or unregistered trademarks, trade names, business names, corporate names, brand names, brands, designs, trade dress, logos, slogans, identifying indicia, service marks, certification marks, collective marks, d/b/a’s, symbols, and other indicia of origin, including registrations and applications for registration thereof, and all goodwill associated therewith and symbolized thereby, including all renewals of the same.
“Willful Breach” means, with respect to any representation, warranty, agreement or covenant, an action or omission taken or omitted to be taken that the breaching party intentionally takes (or intentionally fails to take) and knows (or reasonably should have known) would, or would reasonably be expected to, cause a material breach of such representation, warranty, agreement or covenant.

A - 16


AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

OF


MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.

(as amended on June 11, 2019)






TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page


ARTICLE I
CORPORATE OFFICES    1
1.1
REGISTERED OFFICE    1
1.2
OTHER OFFICES    1
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS    1
2.1
PLACE OF MEETINGS    1
2.2
ANNUAL MEETING    1
2.3
SPECIAL MEETING    1
2.4
NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS    2
2.5
MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE    2
2.6
QUORUM    3
2.7
ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE    3
2.8
ADMINISTRATION OF THE MEETING    3
2.9
VOTING    4
2.10
STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING    5
2.11
RECORD DATE FOR STOCKHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING; GIVING CONSENTS    5
2.12
PROXIES    6
2.13
LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE    6
2.14
NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER BUSINESS AND NOMINATIONS    7
2.15
PROXY ACCESS FOR DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS    13
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS    21
3.1
POWERS    21

i


TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page


3.2
NUMBER OF DIRECTORS    21
3.3
ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS    21
3.4
RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES    21
3.5
PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE    22
3.6
REGULAR MEETINGS    22
3.7
SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE    22
3.8
QUORUM    23
3.9
WAIVER OF NOTICE    23
3.10
BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING    23
3.11
ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE    23
3.12
FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS    23
3.13
REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS    24
ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES    24
4.1
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS    24
4.2
COMMITTEE MINUTES    24
4.3
MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES    24
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS    25
5.1
OFFICERS    25
5.2
APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS    25
5.3
SUBORDINATE OFFICERS    25
5.4
REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS    26

ii


TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page


5.5
VACANCIES IN OFFICES    26
5.6
REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS    26
5.7
AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS    26
ARTICLE VI
RECORDS AND REPORTS    26
6.1
MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF RECORDS    26
6.2
INSPECTION BY DIRECTORS    27
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL MATTERS    27
7.1
CHECKS; DRAFTS; EVIDENCES OF INDEBTEDNESS    27
7.2
EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS    27
7.3
STOCK CERTIFICATES; PARTLY PAID SHARES    27
7.4
SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES    28
7.5
LOST CERTIFICATES    28
7.6
DIVIDENDS    28
7.7
FISCAL YEAR    28
7.8
SEAL    28
7.9
TRANSFER OF STOCK    29
7.10
STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS    29
7.11
REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS    29
7.12
WAIVER OF NOTICE    29
ARTICLE VIII
NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION    30
8.1
NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION    30

iii


TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page


8.2
DEFINITION OF ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION    30
8.3
INAPPLICABILITY    31
ARTICLE IX
INDEMNIFICATION OF AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES TO DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS    31
9.1
POWER TO INDEMNIFY IN ACTIONS, SUITS OR PROCEEDINGS OTHER THAN THOSE BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY    31
9.2
POWER TO INDEMNIFY IN ACTIONS, SUITS OR PROCEEDINGS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY    31
9.3
AUTHORIZATION OF INDEMNIFICATION    32
9.4
GOOD FAITH DEFINED    32
9.5
INDEMNIFICATION BY A COURT    33
9.6
EXPENSES PAYABLE IN ADVANCE    33
9.7
NONEXCLUSIVITY OF INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES    33
9.8
INSURANCE    34
9.9
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS    34
9.10
SURVIVAL OF INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES    34
9.11
LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION    34
9.12
INDEMNIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS    35
9.13
EFFECT OF AMENDMENT OR REPEAL    35
ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS    35
10.1
PROVISIONS OF CERTIFICATE GOVERN    35
10.2
CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS    35
10.3
SEVERABILITY    35

iv


TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page


10.4
AMENDMENT    35
10.5
FORUM SELECTION    36


v




BYLAWS
OF
MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.
ARTICLE I

CORPORATE OFFICES
1.1      REGISTERED OFFICE .
The registered office of Medidata Solutions, Inc. (the “ Company ”) shall be fixed in the Company’s certificate of incorporation, as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time (as so amended and/or restated, the “ Certificate ”).
1.2      OTHER OFFICES .
The Company’s Board of Directors (the “ Board ”) may at any time establish other offices at any place or places where the Company is qualified to do business.
ARTICLE II     

MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
2.1      PLACE OF MEETINGS .
Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place within or outside the State of Delaware as designated by the Board. The Board may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by Section 211(a)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “ DGCL ”). In the absence of any such designation or determination, stockholders’ meetings shall be held at the Company’s principal place of business.
2.2      ANNUAL MEETING .
The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held each year on a date and at a time designated by the Board. At the annual meeting, directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be transacted.
2.3      SPECIAL MEETING .
Unless otherwise required by law or the Certificate, special meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time, for any purpose or purposes, only by (i) the Chairperson, (ii) the Chief Executive Officer, (iii) the President, or (iv) by the Board acting pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Board, and shall be held at such place, on such date, and at such time as the Board shall determine.





Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting.
2.4      NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS .
All notices of meetings of stockholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with either Section 2.5 or Section 8.1 of these bylaws not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting, except as otherwise required by applicable law. The notice shall specify the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purposes for which the meeting is called. Any previously scheduled meeting of stockholders may be postponed, and, unless the Certificate provides otherwise, any special meeting of the stockholders may be cancelled by resolution duly adopted by a majority of the Board members then in office upon public notice given prior to the date previously scheduled for such meeting of stockholders.
Whenever notice is required to be given, under the DGCL, the Certificate or these bylaws, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the Company is such as to require the filing of a certificate with the Secretary of State of Delaware, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate or these bylaws, to any stockholder to whom (A) notice of two (2) consecutive annual meetings or (B) all, and at least two (2), payments (if sent by first-class mail) of dividends or interest on securities during a 12-month period, have been mailed addressed to such person at such person’s address as shown on the records of the Company and have been returned undeliverable, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to such person shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. If any such person shall deliver to the Company a written notice setting forth such person’s then current address, the requirement that notice be given to such person shall be reinstated. In the event that the action taken by the Company is such as to require the filing of a certificate with the Secretary of State of Delaware, the certificate need not state that notice was not given to persons to whom notice was not required to be given pursuant to Section 230(b) of the DGCL.
The exception in subsection (A)  of the above paragraph to the requirement that notice be given shall not be applicable to any notice returned as undeliverable if the notice was given by electronic transmission.
2.5      MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE .
Notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given:

2




(A)      if mailed, when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the Company’s records;
(B)      if electronically transmitted, as provided in Section 8.1 of these bylaws; or
(C)      otherwise, when delivered.
An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company or of the transfer agent or any other agent of the Company that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
Notice may be waived in accordance with Section 7.12 of these bylaws.
2.6      QUORUM .
The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the stockholders. If, however, such quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairperson of the meeting or (ii) the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed.
2.7      ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE .
When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, unless these bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place if any thereof, and the means of remote communications if any by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the continuation of the adjourned meeting, the Company may transact any business that was permitted to have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.4 and Section 2.5 of these bylaws.
2.8      ADMINISTRATION OF THE MEETING .
Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairperson, or in the absence of the Chairperson, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. If both the Chairperson and the Chief Executive Officer will not be present at a meeting of stockholders, such meeting shall be presided over by such chairperson as the Board shall appoint, or, in the event that the Board shall fail to make such appointment, any officer of the Company appointed by the Board. The secretary of the meeting shall be the secretary of the Company, or, in the absence of the secretary of the Company, such person as the chairperson of the meeting appoints.

3




The Board shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one (1) or more inspector(s), who may include individual(s) who serve the Company in other capacities, including without limitation as officers, employees or agents, to act at the meeting of stockholders and make a written report thereof. The Board may designate one (1) or more persons as alternate inspector(s) to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate has been appointed or is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the chairperson of the meeting shall appoint one (1) or more inspector(s) to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before discharging his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath to faithfully execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspector(s) or alternate(s) shall have the duties prescribed pursuant to Section 231 of the DGCL and other applicable law.
The Board shall be entitled to make such rules or regulations for the conduct of meetings of stockholders as it shall deem necessary, appropriate or convenient. Subject to such rules and regulations, if any, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the right and authority to convene and (for any or no reason) to recess and/or adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all acts as, in the judgment of such chairperson, are necessary, appropriate or convenient for the proper conduct of the meeting, including without limitation establishing an agenda of business of the meeting, rules or regulations to maintain order and the safety of those present, limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairperson of the meeting shall determine, restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for commencement thereof, limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants and the fixing of the date and time of the opening and closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting (and shall announce such at the meeting). The chairperson of the meeting, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a matter or business was not properly brought before the meeting and if the chairperson of the meeting should so determine, the chairperson shall so declare to the meeting and any such matter or business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted or considered. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board or the chairperson of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.
2.9      VOTING .
The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.11 of these bylaws, subject to Section 217 (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners of stock) and Section 218 (relating to voting trusts and other voting agreements) of the DGCL.
Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate and subject to the provisions of Section 213 of the DGCL and Section 2.11 of these bylaws (relating to the fixing of a date for determination of stockholders of record), each stockholder shall be entitled to that number of votes for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder as set forth in the Certificate, or in the case of shares of preferred stock of the Company (“ Preferred Stock ”), by resolution of the Board, or in the Certificate, as the case may be.

4




In all matters, other than the election of directors and except as otherwise required by law, the Certificate or these bylaws or the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the Company, or pursuant to any regulation applicable to the Company or its securities, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law, the Certificate or these bylaws, at any meeting for the election of directors at which a quorum is present a nominee for director shall be elected to the Board if the votes cast for such nominee's election exceed the votes cast against such nominee's election; provided , however , that directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at any meeting of stockholders for which the number of nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected. If directors are to be elected by a plurality of the votes cast, stockholders shall not be permitted to vote against a nominee.
The stockholders of the Company shall not have the right to cumulate their votes for the election of directors of the Company.
2.10      STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING .
Subject to the rights of the holders of the shares of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of stock or series thereof having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividend or liquidation rights, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Company must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Company and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such stockholders.
2.11      RECORD DATE FOR STOCKHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING; GIVING CONSENTS .
In order that the Company may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix, in advance, a record date, which record date shall not precede the date on which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted and which shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other such action.
If the Board does not fix a record date in accordance with these bylaws and applicable law:
(A)      The record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.

5




(B)      The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided , however , that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
2.12      PROXIES .
Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by a transmission permitted by law and filed with the secretary of the Company, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three (3) years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A stockholder may also authorize another person or persons to act for him, her or it as proxy in the manner(s) provided under Section 212(c) of the DGCL or as otherwise provided under Delaware law. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212 of the DGCL.
2.13      LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE .
The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Company shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The Company shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting: (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the Company’s principal place of business.
In the event that the Company determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Company may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Company. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. Such list shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.
2.14      NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER BUSINESS AND NOMINATIONS .
(A)      Annual Meetings of Stockholders .

6




(1)    Nominations of persons for election to the Board and the proposal of business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only (a) pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto), (b) by or at the direction of the Board, (c) by any stockholder of the Company who (i) was a stockholder of record of the Company at the time the notice provided for in this Section 2.14 is delivered to the Secretary of the Company and at the time of the annual meeting, (ii) shall be entitled to vote at such meeting, and (iii) complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.14 as to such nomination or business or (d) by any Eligible Stockholder (as defined in Section 2.15 ) whose Stockholder Nominee (as defined in Section 2.15 ) is included in the Company’s proxy materials for the relevant annual meeting. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing clauses (c) and (d) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make director nominations and the foregoing clause (c) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to submit other business (other than matters properly brought under Rule 14a-8 (or any successor thereto) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), and set forth in the Company’s notice of meeting) before an annual meeting of stockholders.
(2)    Without qualification, for nominations or any other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 2.14(A)(1)(c) , the stockholder, in addition to any other applicable requirements, must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Company and, in the case of business other than nominations, any such proposed business must constitute a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to the Secretary of the Company at the principal executive offices of the Company not later than the close of business (as defined below) on the ninetieth (90th) day nor earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting ( provided , however , that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Company). In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of the annual meeting of stockholders commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above. To be in proper form, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary (whether pursuant to this Section 2.14(A)(2) or Section 2.14(B) ) shall set forth:
(a)    as to each person, if any, whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (iv) such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected, and a representation that such person currently intends to serve as a director for the full term for which such person is standing for election, (v) a description of

7




all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made, and their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the other hand, including, without limitation all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Rule 404 promulgated under Regulation S-K if the stockholder making the nomination and any beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination is made, if any, or any affiliate or associate thereof or person acting in concert therewith, were the “registrant” for purposes of such rule and the nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant; (vi) all information with respect to such proposed nominee that would be required by Section 2.14(A)(2)(c)(ii) to be set forth in a stockholder’s notice if such proposed nominee were a stockholder providing notice of a director nomination to be made at the meeting, and (vii) with respect to each nominee for election or reelection to the Board, include a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 2.14(D) ;
(b)    if the notice relates to any business (other than the nomination of persons for election as directors) that the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting, (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, (ii) the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (iii) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these bylaws, the language of the proposed amendment), (iv) a description of any direct or indirect material interest by security holdings or otherwise of such stockholder and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, and their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, in such business (whether by holdings of securities, or by virtue of being a creditor or contractual counterparty of the Company or of a third party, or otherwise), and (v) a description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings between such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, and their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such stockholder; and
(c)    as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Company’s books, and of such beneficial owner, if any, and of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, (ii)(A) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Company that are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and by such beneficial owner, and by their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, (B) any option, warrant, convertible

8




security, stock appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism at a price related to any class or series of capital stock of the Company, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in the underlying class or series of capital stock of the Company or otherwise (a “ Derivative Instrument ”) directly or indirectly owned beneficially by such stockholder and by such beneficial owner, if any, and by their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, and any other contract, arrangement, understanding or relationship (including, without limitation, any swap profit interest, hedging transaction, repurchase agreement or securities lending or borrowing arrangement) to which such stockholder or beneficial owner, or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, is, directly or indirectly, a party as of the date of such notice (x) with respect to shares of stock of the Company or (y) the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage the potential risk or benefit of share price changes (increases or decreases) for, or increase, maintain or decrease the voting power of such stockholder or beneficial owner, or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, with respect to, securities of the Company, or which may have payments based in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, on the price, value or volatility (or change in price, value or volatility) of any class or series of securities of the Company, (C) any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or relationship pursuant to which such stockholder or beneficial owner, if any, or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, has a right to vote any shares of any security of the Company, (D) any short interest in any security of the Company (for purposes of this Section 2.14 , a person shall be deemed to have a short interest in a security if such person directly or indirectly, through a contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any decrease in the value of the subject security), (E) any right to dividends on the shares of capital stock of the Company owned beneficially by such stockholder or such beneficial owner, if any, or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, which right is separated or separable from the underlying shares, (F) any proportionate interest in shares of capital stock of the Company or Derivative Instrument held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such stockholder or such beneficial owner, if any, or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, is a general partner or with respect to which such stockholder or such beneficial owner, if any, or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner, and (G) any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) to which such stockholder or such beneficial owner, if any, or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, is entitled based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Company or Derivative Instruments, if any, in each case with respect to the information required to be included in the notice pursuant to (A) through (G) above, as of the date of such notice and including, without limitation, any such interests held by members of the immediate family sharing the same

9




household of such stockholder or such beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, (iii) any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, and to their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitation of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (iv) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the Company entitled to vote at such meeting and the stockholder (or a qualified representative thereof, as defined in Section 2.14(C)(1) ) intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business or nomination, (v) a representation whether the stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, intends or is part of a group that intends (a) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least fifty (50%) of the Company’s outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, in the case of a nomination, or holders of at least the percentage of the Company’s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the business to be proposed, in the case of other business, or (b) otherwise to solicit proxies or votes from stockholders in support of such proposal or nomination, and (vi) an undertaking by the stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, to (1) notify the Company in writing of the information set forth in clauses (iii) through (vi) of Section 2.14(A)(ii)(a) , clauses (iv) and (v) of Section 2.14(A)(ii)(a) and Section 2.14(A)(2)(c)(ii) as of the record date for the meeting promptly (and, in any event, within five business days) following the later of the record date or the day on which the Company makes a public announcement of the record date and (2) update such information thereafter within two business days of any change in such information, and in any event, as of close of business on the day preceding the meeting date.
The Company may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require (i) to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Company, including with respect to qualifications established by any committee of the Board (ii) to determine whether such nominee qualifies as an “independent director” or “audit committee financial expert” under applicable law, securities exchange rule or regulation, or any publicly-disclosed corporate governance guideline or committee charter of the Company; and (iii) that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence and qualifications, or lack thereof, of such nominee.
(3)    Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of Section 2.14(A)(2) to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board at an annual meeting is increased effective after the time period for which nominations would otherwise be due under paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 2.14 and there is no public announcement by the Company naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board at least one hundred (100) days prior to the first anniversary of the immediately preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 2.14 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new director positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered

10




to the Secretary of the Company at the principal executive offices of the Company not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Company.
(B)      Special Meetings of Stockholders .
Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting (1) by or at the direction of the Board or (2) provided that the Board has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Company who is a stockholder of record at the time the notice provided for in this Section 2.14 is delivered to the Secretary of the Company, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and upon such election, and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this  Section 2.14 . In the event the Company calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board, any such stockholder entitled to vote in such election of directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Company’s notice of meeting, if the stockholder’s notice in the same form as required by Section 2.14(A)(2) with respect to any nomination (including the completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 2.14(D) ) shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Company not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
(C)      General .
(1)    Except as otherwise expressly provided in any applicable rule or regulation promulgated under the Exchange Act, only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.14 or, with respect to annual meetings only, Section 2.15 , shall be eligible to be elected at any meeting of stockholders of the Company to serve as directors and only such other business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.14 . Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate or these bylaws, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in these bylaws (including whether the stockholder solicited or did not so solicit, as the case may be, proxies in support of such stockholder’s proposal or nomination in compliance with such stockholder’s representation as required by Section 2.14(A)(2)(c)(v) ). If any proposed nomination or business was not made or proposed, as the case may be, in compliance with these bylaws, then (unless otherwise required by law) the chairman of the meeting shall have the power to declare that such nomination shall be disregarded or that such proposed business shall not be

11




transacted. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.14 , if the stockholder does not timely provide the notifications and updates contemplated by Section 2.14(A)(2)(c)(vi) or (unless otherwise required by law) if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Company to present a nomination or proposed business, such nomination shall be disregarded and such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Company. For purposes of these bylaws, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of the stockholders.
(2)    For purpose of this Section 2.14 and Section 2.15: (a) “close of business” shall mean 6:00 p.m. local time at the Company’s corporate headquarters on any calendar day, whether or not the day is a business day; (b) “public announcement” shall include disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press, or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (c) the term “beneficial owner” has the meaning given to such term in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act; and (d) the terms “affiliate” and “associate” have the meanings given to such terms in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act.
(3)    Nothing in this Section 2.14 , shall be deemed to affect any rights (a) of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals or nominations in the Company’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor thereto) promulgated under the Exchange Act or (b) of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to nominate and elect a specified number of directors in certain circumstances pursuant to and to the extent provided in any applicable provisions of the Certificate.
(4)    Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.14 , any stockholder intending to propose business or make a director nomination at a stockholder meeting in accordance with this Section 2.14 , and each related beneficial owner, if any, shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in these bylaws; provided , however , that any references in these bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to proposals of business or director nominations made or intended to be made by stockholders in accordance with this Section 2.14 .
(D)      Submission of Questionnaire, Representation and Agreement .
Pursuant to Section 2.14(A)(2)(a)(vii) , to be eligible to be a nominee for election or reelection as a director of the Company, a person whom a stockholder proposes to nominate for such election or reelection must deliver (in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under Section 2.14 of these bylaws) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Company a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such person

12




and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request) and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the Secretary upon written request) that such person (A) is not and will not become a party to (1) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Company, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “ Voting Commitment ”) that has not been disclosed to the Company or (2) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Company, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Company with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed therein, (C) in such person’s individual capacity and on behalf of any person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Company, and will comply with, applicable law and all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock trading policies and guidelines of the Company, and (D) if elected, intends to tender, promptly following such person’s election or re-election, an irrevocable resignation effective upon such person’s failure to receive the required vote for re-election at the next meeting at which such person would face re-election and upon acceptance of such resignation by the Board, in accordance with the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines.
2.15      PROXY ACCESS FOR DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS .
2.15.1    Eligibility .
Subject to the terms and conditions of these bylaws, in connection with an annual meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected, the Company (i) shall include in its proxy statement, on its form of proxy and on any ballot distributed at the annual meeting, in addition to any person nominated for election by the Board, the names of, and (ii) shall include in its proxy statement the Additional Information (as defined below) relating to, up to the Authorized Number (as defined below) of nominees for election to the Board submitted pursuant to this Section 2.15 (each, a “ Stockholder Nominee ”), if:
(a)    the Stockholder Nominee satisfies the eligibility requirements in this Section 2.15 ;
(b)    the Stockholder Nominee is identified in a timely notice (the “ Stockholder Notice ”) that satisfies this Section 2.15 and is delivered by a stockholder that qualifies as, or is acting on behalf of, an Eligible Stockholder (as defined below);
(c)    the Eligible Stockholder satisfies the requirements in this Section 2.15 and expressly elects at the time of the delivery of the Stockholder Notice to have the Stockholder Nominee included in the Company’s proxy materials; and
(d)    the additional requirements of these bylaws are met.

13




2.15.2    Definitions .
(a)    The maximum number of Stockholder Nominees appearing in the Company’s proxy materials with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders (the “ Authorized Number ”) shall not exceed the greater of (x) two or (y) twenty percent (20%) of the number of directors in office as of the last day on which a Stockholder Notice may be delivered pursuant to this Section 2.15 with respect to the annual meeting, or if such amount is not a whole number, the closest whole number (rounding down) below twenty percent (20%); provided that the Authorized Number shall be reduced (i) by any Stockholder Nominee whose name was submitted for inclusion in the Company’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 2.15 but either is subsequently withdrawn or that the Board decides to nominate as a Board nominee, (ii) by any directors in office or director nominees that in either case shall be included in the Company’s proxy materials with respect to the annual meeting as an unopposed (by the Company) nominee pursuant to an agreement, arrangement or other understanding between the Company and a stockholder or group of stockholders (other than any such agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into in connection with an acquisition of capital stock, by the stockholder or group of stockholders, from the Company), (iii) by any directors currently serving on the Board who were Stockholder Nominees at any of the preceding two annual meetings and who are nominated for election at the annual meeting by the Board as a Board nominee, (iv) by any Stockholder Nominee who is not included in the Company’s proxy materials or is not submitted for director election for any reason, in accordance with the last sentence of Section 2.15.4(b) and (v) the number of director candidates for which the Secretary of the Board shall have received notice (whether or not subsequently withdrawn) that a shareholder intends to nominate one or more persons for election to the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 2.14 of these Bylaws, but only to the extent the Authorized Number after such reduction with respect to this clause (v) equals or exceeds one. In the event that one or more vacancies for any reason occurs after the date of the Stockholder Notice but before the annual meeting and the Board resolves to reduce the size of the Board in connection therewith, the Authorized Number shall be calculated based on the number of directors in office as so reduced.
(b)    To qualify as an “ Eligible Stockholder ,” a stockholder or a group as described in this Section 2.15 must (i) Own and have Owned (as defined below), continuously for at least three years as of the date of the Stockholder Notice, a number of shares (as adjusted to account for any stock dividend, stock split, subdivision, combination, reclassification or recapitalization of shares of issued and outstanding stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors) that represents, at all times during such three-year period, including as of the date of the Stockholder Notice, at least three percent (3%) of all then-outstanding shares of common stock of the Company (the “ Required Shares ”), and (ii) thereafter continue to Own the Required Shares through such annual meeting of stockholders.
For purposes of satisfying the ownership requirements of this Section 2.15.2(b) , a group of not more than 20 stockholders and/or beneficial owners may aggregate the number of shares of common stock of the Company that each group member has individually Owned continuously for at least three years as of the date of the Stockholder Notice if all other requirements and obligations for an Eligible Stockholder set forth in this Section 2.15 are satisfied by and as to each stockholder or beneficial owner comprising the group whose shares are aggregated. No shares may be attributed

14




to more than one Eligible Stockholder, and no stockholder or beneficial owner, alone or together with any of its affiliates, may individually or as a member of a group qualify as or constitute more than one Eligible Stockholder under this Section 2.15 . Two or more funds that are (i) under common management and investment control, (ii) under common management and funded primarily by a single employer or (iii) a “group of investment companies,” as such term is defined in Section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 shall be treated as only one stockholder or beneficial owner for this purpose. For purposes of determining the denominator to be used in calculating whether an Eligible Stockholder meets the three percent (3%) threshold in paragraph (b)(i) of this Section 2.15 , the Eligible Stockholder may rely on information about the outstanding shares of the Company, as set forth in Company’s most recent quarterly or annual report, and any current report subsequent thereto, filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act prior to the submission of the Stockholder Notice, unless the Eligible Stockholder knows or has reason to know that the information contained therein is inaccurate.
(c)    For purposes of this Section 2.15 :
(i)    A stockholder or beneficial owner is deemed to “ Own ” only those shares of common stock of the Company as to which the person has Net Long Beneficial Ownership. The terms “ Owned ,” “ Owning ” and other variations of the word “ Own ,” when used with respect to a stockholder or beneficial owner, have correlative meanings. The term “ person ” includes its affiliates. The term “ Net Long Beneficial Ownership ” shall mean those shares of common stock of the Company as to which a stockholder possesses both (i) the sole voting and investment rights pertaining to the shares and (ii) the sole economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit from and risk of loss on) such shares; provided, that Net Long Beneficial Ownership shall not include any shares (x) sold by such stockholder or any of its affiliates in any transaction that has not been settled or closed, including any short sale, (y) borrowed by such stockholder or any of its affiliates for any purposes or purchased by such stockholder or any of its affiliates pursuant to an agreement to resell or (z) subject to any option, warrant, forward contract, swap, contract of sale, other derivative or similar agreement entered into by such stockholder or any of its affiliates, whether any such instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares or with cash based on the notional amount or value of shares of common stock of the Company, in any such case which instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, the purpose or effect of (1) reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any time in the future, such stockholder’s or its affiliates’ full right to vote or direct the voting of any such shares, and/or (2) hedging, offsetting or altering to any degree any gain or loss realized or realizable from maintaining the full economic ownership of such shares by such stockholder or affiliate.
(ii)    A stockholder or beneficial owner “ Owns ” shares held in the name of a nominee or other intermediary so long as the person retains both (A) the sole voting and investment rights pertaining to the shares and (B) the sole economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit from and risk of loss on) the shares. The person’s Ownership of shares is deemed to continue during any period in which the person has delegated any voting power by means of a proxy, power of attorney, or other instrument or arrangement that is revocable at any time by the stockholder.

15




(iii)    A stockholder’s or beneficial owner’s Ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which the person has loaned the shares if the person has the power to recall the loaned shares on not more than five business days’ notice and (A) the person recalls the loaned shares within five business days of being notified that its Stockholder Nominee shall be included in the Company’s proxy materials for the relevant annual meeting, and (B) the person holds the recalled shares through the annual meeting.
(d)    For purposes of this Section 2.15 , the “ Additional Information ” referred to in Section 2.15.1 that the Company will include in its proxy statement is:
(i)    the information set forth in the Schedule 14N provided with the Stockholder Notice concerning each Stockholder Nominee and the Eligible Stockholder that is required to be disclosed in the Company’s proxy statement by the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; and
(ii)    if the Eligible Stockholder so elects, a written statement of the Eligible Stockholder (or, in the case of a group, a written statement of the group), not to exceed 500 words, in support of each of its Stockholder Nominee(s), which must be provided at the same time as the Stockholder Notice for inclusion in the Company’s proxy statement for the annual meeting (the “ Statement ”).
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 2.15 , the Company may omit from its proxy materials any information or Statement that it, in good faith, believes is untrue in any material respect (or omits a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading) or would violate any applicable law, rule, regulation or listing standard. Nothing in this Section 2.15 shall limit the Company’s ability to solicit against and include in its proxy materials its own statements relating to any Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee.
2.15.3    Stockholder Notice and Other Informational Requirements .
(a)    The Stockholder Notice shall set forth all information and representations that would be required to be set forth in a stockholder’s notice delivered pursuant to Section 2.14, including all information and representations regarding any nominee for election as a director, any stockholder giving notice of an intent to nominate a candidate for election, and any stockholder, beneficial owner or other person on whose behalf the nomination is made under this Section 2.15 . In addition, such Stockholder Notice shall include:
(i)    a copy of the Schedule 14N that has been or concurrently is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”) under the Exchange Act;
(ii)    a written statement of the Eligible Stockholder (and in the case of a group, the written statement of each stockholder or beneficial owner whose shares are aggregated for purposes of constituting an Eligible Stockholder), which statement(s) shall also be included in the Schedule 14N filed with the SEC (A) setting forth and certifying to the number of shares of common stock of the Company that the Eligible Stockholder Owns and has Owned (as defined in Section

16




2.15.2(c) continuously for at least three years as of the date of the Stockholder Notice, (B) agreeing to continue to Own such shares through the annual meeting, and (C) regarding whether or not it intends to maintain Ownership of the Required Shares for at least one year following the annual meeting;
(iii)    the written agreement of the Eligible Stockholder (and in the case of a group, the written agreement of each stockholder or beneficial owner whose shares are aggregated for purposes of constituting an Eligible Stockholder) addressed to the Company, setting forth the following additional agreements, representations, and warranties:
(A)    it shall provide (1) within five business days after the date of the Stockholder Notice, one or more written statements from the record holder(s) of the Required Shares and from each intermediary through which the Required Shares are or have been held, in each case during the requisite three-year holding period, specifying the number of shares that the Eligible Stockholder Owns, and has Owned continuously in compliance with this Section 2.15 , (2) within five business days after (A) the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting (if, prior to the record date, the Company (1) has made a public announcement of such record date or (2) delivered a written notice of the record date (including by electronic mail) to the Eligible Stockholder) or (B) the date on which the Company delivered to the Eligible Stockholder written notice (including by electronic mail) of the record date (if such notice is provided after the record date) the information required under Section 2.14.1(b)(iii)(B) and written statements from the record holder and intermediaries as required under clause (A)(1) verifying the Eligible Stockholder’s continuous Ownership of the Required Shares, in each case, as of such date, and (3) immediate notice to the Company if the Eligible Stockholder ceases to own any of the Required Shares prior to the annual meeting;
(B)    it (1) acquired the Required Shares in the ordinary course of business and not with the intent to change or influence control at the Company, and does not presently have this intent, (2) has not nominated and shall not nominate for election to the Board at the annual meeting any person other than the Stockholder Nominee(s) being nominated pursuant to this Section 2.15 , (3) has not engaged and shall not engage in, and has not been and shall not be a participant (as defined in Item 4 of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act) in, a solicitation within the meaning of Rule 14a-1(l) under the Exchange Act, in support of the election of any individual as a director at the annual meeting other than its Stockholder Nominee(s) or any nominee(s) of the Board, and (4) shall not distribute to any stockholder any form of proxy for the annual meeting other than the form distributed by the Company; and
(C)    it will (1) assume all liability stemming from any legal or regulatory violation arising out of the Eligible Stockholder’s communications with the stockholders of the Company or out of the information that the Eligible Stockholder provided to the Company, (2) indemnify and hold harmless the Company and each of its directors, officers and employees individually against any liability, loss or damages in connection with any threatened or pending action, suit or proceeding, whether legal, administrative or investigative, against the Company or any of its directors, officers or employees arising out of the nomination or solicitation process pursuant to this Section 2.15 , (3) comply with all laws, rules, regulations and listing standards

17




applicable to its nomination or any solicitation in connection with the annual meeting, (4) file with the SEC any solicitation materials by or on behalf of the Eligible Stockholder relating to the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders, one or more of the Company’s directors or director nominees or any Stockholder Nominee, regardless of whether the filing is required under Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, or whether any exemption from filing is available for the materials under Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, and (5) at the request of the Company, promptly, but in any event within five business days after such request (or by the day prior to the day of the annual meeting, if earlier), provide to the Company such additional information as reasonably requested by the Company; and
(D)    in the case of a nomination by a group, the designation by all group members of one group member that is authorized to act on behalf of all members of the group with respect to the nomination and matters related thereto, including withdrawal of the nomination, and the written agreement, representation, and warranty of the Eligible Stockholder that it shall provide, within five business days after the date of the Stockholder Notice, documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Company demonstrating that the number of stockholders and/or beneficial owners within such group does not exceed 20, including whether a group of funds qualifies as one stockholder or beneficial owner within the meaning of Section 2.15.2(b) .
(b)    To be timely under this Section 2.15 , the Stockholder Notice must be delivered by a stockholder to the Secretary at the Company’s corporate headquarters by the close of business (as defined in Section 2.14.3(b) ) not less than 120 days nor more than 150 days prior to the first anniversary of the date (as stated in the Company’s proxy materials) the definitive proxy statement was first released to stockholders in connection with the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders; provided , however , that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within 30 days before or after the anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, to be timely, the Stockholder Notice must be so delivered not earlier than the 150th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 120th day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement (as defined in Section 2.14.3(b) ) of the date of such meeting is first made by the Company. The proviso of the previous sentence shall not be interpreted to give additional time for the giving of a Stockholder Notice where the annual meeting occurs more than 30 days earlier than the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting of stockholders or the public announcement thereof commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Stockholder Notice.
(c)    The Stockholder Notice shall include, for each Stockholder Nominee, a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 2.14(D) . A t the request of the Company, the Stockholder Nominee must promptly, but in any event within five business days after such request, provide to the Company such other information as it may reasonably request. The Company may request such additional information as necessary to permit the Board to determine if each Stockholder Nominee satisfies the requirements of this Section 2.15 , including the information described in the last paragraph of Section 2.14.1(b) .

18




(d)    In the event that any information or communications provided by the Eligible Stockholder or any Stockholder Nominees to the Company or its stockholders is not, when provided, or thereafter ceases to be, true, correct and complete in all material respects (including omitting a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading), such Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee, as the case may be, shall promptly notify the Secretary and provide the information that is required to make such information or communication true, correct, complete and not misleading; it being understood that providing any such notification shall not be deemed to cure any defect or limit the Company’s right to omit a Stockholder Nominee from its proxy materials as provided in this Section 2.15 .
(e)    All information provided pursuant to this Section 2.15.3 shall be deemed part of the Stockholder Notice for purposes of this Section 2.15 .
2.15.4    Proxy Access Procedures .
(a)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 2.15 , the Company may omit from its proxy materials any Stockholder Nominee, and such nomination shall be disregarded and no vote on such Stockholder Nominee shall occur, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Company, if:
(i)    the Eligible Stockholder or Stockholder Nominee breaches any of its agreements, representations or warranties set forth in the Stockholder Notice or otherwise submitted pursuant to this Section 2.15 , any of the information in the Stockholder Notice or otherwise submitted pursuant to this Section 2.15 was not, when provided, true, correct and complete, or the Eligible Stockholder or applicable Stockholder Nominee otherwise fails to comply with its obligations pursuant to these bylaws, including, but not limited to, its obligations under this Section 2.15 ;
(ii)    the Stockholder Nominee (A) is not independent under any applicable listing standards, any applicable rules of the SEC and any publicly disclosed standards used by the Board in determining and disclosing the independence of the Company’s directors, (B) does not qualify as independent under the audit committee independence requirements set forth in the rules of the principal U.S. exchange on which shares of the common stock of the Company are listed and as a “non-employee director” under Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act, (C) is or has been, within the past three years, an officer or director of a competitor, as defined for purposes of Section 8 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, as amended, (D) is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses) or has been convicted in a criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses) within the past ten years, or (E) is subject to any order of the type specified in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; or
(iii)    the election of the Stockholder Nominee to the Board would cause the Company to violate the Articles, these bylaws, or any applicable law, rule, regulation or listing standard.

19




(b)    An Eligible Stockholder submitting more than one Stockholder Nominee for inclusion in the Company’s proxy materials pursuant to this Section 2.15 shall rank such Stockholder Nominees based on the order that the Eligible Stockholder desires such Stockholder Nominees to be selected for inclusion in the Company’s proxy materials and include such assigned rank in its Stockholder Notice submitted to the Company. In the event that the number of Stockholder Nominees submitted by Eligible Stockholders pursuant to this Section 2.15 exceeds the Authorized Number, the Stockholder Nominees to be included in the Company’s proxy materials shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions: one Stockholder Nominee who satisfies the eligibility requirements in this Section 2.15 shall be selected from each Eligible Stockholder for inclusion in the Company’s proxy materials until the Authorized Number is reached, going in order of the amount (largest to smallest) of shares of the Company each Eligible Stockholder disclosed as Owned in its Stockholder Notice submitted to the Company and going in the order of the rank (highest to lowest) assigned to each Stockholder Nominee by such Eligible Stockholder. If the Authorized Number is not reached after one Stockholder Nominee who satisfies the eligibility requirements in this Section 2.15 has been selected from each Eligible Stockholder, this selection process shall continue as many times as necessary, following the same order each time, until the Authorized Number is reached. Following such determination, if any Stockholder Nominee who satisfies the eligibility requirements in this Section 2.15 thereafter is nominated by the Board, thereafter is not included in the Company’s proxy materials or thereafter is not submitted for director election for any reason (including the Eligible Stockholder’s or Stockholder Nominee’s failure to comply with this Section 2.15 ), no other nominee or nominees shall be included in the Company’s proxy materials or otherwise submitted for election as a director at the applicable annual meeting in substitution for such Stockholder Nominee.
(c)    Any Stockholder Nominee who is included in the Company’s proxy materials for a particular annual meeting of stockholders but either (i) withdraws from or becomes ineligible or unavailable for election at the annual meeting for any reason, including for the failure to comply with any provision of these bylaws (provided that in no event shall any such withdrawal, ineligibility or unavailability commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a Stockholder Notice), or (ii) does not receive a number of votes cast in favor of his or her election that is at least equal to twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, shall be ineligible to be a Stockholder Nominee pursuant to this Section 2.15 for the next two annual meetings.
(d)    Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.15 , unless otherwise required by law or otherwise determined by the chairman of the meeting or the Board, if the stockholder delivering the Stockholder Notice (or a qualified representative of the stockholder, as defined in Section 2.14(C)(1) , does not appear at the annual meeting of stockholders of the Company to present its Stockholder Nominee or Stockholder Nominees, such nomination or nominations shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of the election of the Stockholder Nominee or Stockholder Nominees may have been received by the Company. Without limiting the Board’s power and authority to interpret any other provisions of these bylaws, the Board (and any other person or body authorized by the Board) shall have the power and authority to interpret this Section 2.15 and to make any and all determinations necessary or advisable to apply this Section

20




2.15 to any persons, facts or circumstances. This Section 2.15 shall be the exclusive method for stockholders to include nominees for director election in the Company’s proxy materials.
ARTICLE III     

DIRECTORS
3.1      POWERS .
Subject to the provisions of the DGCL and any limitations in the Certificate, the business and affairs of the Company shall be managed and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the Board.
3.2      NUMBER OF DIRECTORS .
The Board shall consist of one or more members, each of whom shall be a natural person. The authorized number of directors shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board, provided the Board shall consist of at least one (1) member. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that director’s term of office expires.
3.3      ELECTION, QUALIFICATION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS .
Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the Certificate or these bylaws. The Certificate or these bylaws may prescribe other qualifications for directors. Each director, including a director elected to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until such director’s successor is elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal.
3.4      RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES .
Any director may resign at any time upon written notice or by electronic transmission to the Company. A resignation is effective when the resignation is delivered unless the resignation specifies a later effective date or an effective date determined upon the happening of an event or events. A resignation which is conditioned upon the director failing to receive a specified vote for reelection as a director may provide that it is irrevocable. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate or these bylaws, when one or more directors resign from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.
Vacancies occurring on the Board for any reason and newly created directorships, resulting from an increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled only by a vote of a majority of the remaining members of the Board, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. A person so elected by the Board to fill a vacancy or newly created directorship shall hold office

21




until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor shall be duly elected and qualified.
3.5      PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE .
The Board may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or outside the State of Delaware.
Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate or these bylaws, members of the Board, or any committee designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
3.6      REGULAR MEETINGS .
Regular meetings of the Board may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board.
3.7      SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE .
Special meetings of the Board for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chairperson of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or a majority of the authorized number of directors. The person(s) authorized to call special meetings of the Board may fix the place and time of the meeting.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be:
(A)      delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone;
(B)      sent by United States first-class mail, postage prepaid;
(C)      sent by facsimile; or
(D)      sent by electronic mail,
directed to each director at that director’s address, telephone number, facsimile number or electronic mail address, as the case may be, as shown on the Company’s records.
If the notice is (i) delivered personally by hand, by courier or by telephone, (ii) sent by facsimile or (iii) sent by electronic mail, it shall be delivered or sent at least 24 hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is sent by United States mail, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four (4) days before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice may be communicated either to the director or to a person at the office of the director who the person giving notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate such notice to the director. The notice need not specify the place of the meeting if the meeting is to be held at the Company’s principal executive office nor the purpose of the meeting.

22




3.8      QUORUM .
Except as otherwise required by law or the Certificate, at all meetings of the Board, a majority of the authorized number of directors (as determined pursuant to Section 3.2 of these bylaws) shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except to adjourn as provided in Section 3.11 of these bylaws. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting. The vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the Certificate or these bylaws.
3.9      WAIVER OF NOTICE .
Whenever notice is required to be given under any provisions of the DGCL, the Certificate or these bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting solely for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the directors, or members of a committee of directors, need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the Certificate or these bylaws.
3.10      BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING .
Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
3.11      ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE .
If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the Board, then a majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present.
3.12      FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS .
Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate or these bylaws, the Board shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.
3.13      REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS .

23




Any director may be removed from the Board by the stockholders of the Company only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company then entitled to vote in the election of directors.
ARTICLE IV     

COMMITTEES
4.1      COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS .
The Board may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Company. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board or in these bylaws, shall have and may exercise such lawfully delegable powers and duties as the Board may confer.
4.2      COMMITTEE MINUTES .
Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report to the Board when required.
4.3      MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES .
Meetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of:
(A)      Section 3.5 (relating to place of meetings and meetings by telephone);
(B)      Section 3.6 (relating to regular meetings);
(C)      Section 3.7 (relating to special meetings and notice);
(D)      Section 3.8 (relating to quorum);
(E)      Section 3.9 (relating to waiver of notice);
(F)      Section 3.10 (relating to action without a meeting); and
(G)      Section 3.11 (relating to adjournment and notice of adjournment)
of these bylaws, with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the Board and its members.

24




Notwithstanding the foregoing:
(i)      the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined either by resolution of the Board or by resolution of the committee;
(ii)      special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the Board or by resolution of the committee; and
(iii)      notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The Board may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws.
ARTICLE V     

OFFICERS
5.1      OFFICERS .
The officers of the Company shall be a Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer and a Secretary. The Company may also have, at the discretion of the Board, a chairperson of the Board, a vice chairperson of the Board, a Treasurer, one or more vice presidents, one or more assistant vice presidents, one or more assistant treasurers, one or more assistant secretaries, and any such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws.
Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
5.2      APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS .
The Board shall appoint the officers of the Company, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these bylaws, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. A failure to elect officers shall not dissolve or otherwise affect the Company.
5.3      SUBORDINATE OFFICERS .
The Board may appoint, or empower the Chief Executive Officer or the President of the Company to appoint, such other officers and agents as the business of the Company may require, other than the Chairperson of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer. Each of such officers and agents shall hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the Board may from time to time determine.
5.4      REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS .

25




Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by an affirmative vote of the majority of the Board at any regular or special meeting of the Board or, except in the case of an officer appointed by the Board, by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Company. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice. Unless otherwise specified in the notice of resignation, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Company under any contract to which the officer is a party.
5.5      VACANCIES IN OFFICES .
Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company may only be filled by the Board or as provided in Section 5.3 of these bylaws.
5.6      REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS .
The Chairperson of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Chief Financial Officer, or any other person authorized by the Board, the Chairperson of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Chief Financial Officer, is authorized to vote, represent, and exercise on behalf of the Company all rights incident to any and all shares or other equity interests of any other company or entity standing in the name of the Company. The authority granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.
5.7      AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS .
In addition to the foregoing authority and duties, all officers of the Company shall respectively have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the business of the Company as may be designated from time to time by the Board.
ARTICLE VI     

RECORDS AND REPORTS
6.1      MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF RECORDS .
The Company shall, either at its principal executive office or at such place or places as designated by the Board, keep a record of its stockholders, listing their names and addresses and the number and class of shares held by each stockholder, a copy of these bylaws, as may be amended to date, minute books, accounting books and other records.
Any such records maintained by the Company may be kept on, or by means of, or be in the form of, any information storage device or method, provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time. The Company shall so convert any records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect such records pursuant to the provisions

26




of the DGCL. When records are kept in such manner, a clearly legible paper form produced from or by means of the information storage device or method shall be admissible in evidence, and accepted for all other purposes, to the same extent as an original paper form accurately portrays the record.
6.2      INSPECTION BY DIRECTORS .
Any director shall have the right to examine the Company’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records for a purpose reasonably related to his or her position as a director.
ARTICLE VII     

GENERAL MATTERS
7.1      CHECKS; DRAFTS; EVIDENCES OF INDEBTEDNESS .
From time to time, the Board shall determine by resolution which person or persons may sign or endorse all checks, drafts, other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness that are issued in the name of or payable to the Company, and only the persons so authorized shall sign or endorse those instruments.
7.2      EXECUTION OF CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS .
Except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, the Board, or any officers of the Company authorized thereby, may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Company; such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.
7.3      STOCK CERTIFICATES; PARTLY PAID SHARES .
The shares of the Company shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Company. Every holder of stock represented by certificates and upon request every holder of uncertificated shares shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Company by the Chairperson of the Board or a vice-chairperson of the Board, or the President or vice-president, and by the Treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the Secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Company with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
7.4      SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES .

27




If the Company is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, designations, preferences, and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the Company shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided , however , that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the DGCL, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the Company shall issue to represent such class or series of stock a statement that the Company will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences, and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.
7.5      LOST CERTIFICATES .
Except as provided in this Section 7.5, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the Company and cancelled at the same time. The Company may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Company may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative, to provide evidence of such loss, theft or destruction and/or give the Company a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
7.6      DIVIDENDS .
The Board, subject to any restrictions contained in either (a) the DGCL or (b) the Certificate, may declare and pay dividends upon the shares of its capital stock. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the Company’s capital stock.
The Board may set apart out of any of the funds of the Company available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve.
7.7      FISCAL YEAR .
The fiscal year of the Company shall be fixed by resolution of the Board and may be changed by the Board.
7.8      SEAL .
The Company may adopt a corporate seal, which shall be adopted and which may be altered by the Board. The Company may use the corporate seal by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.
7.9      TRANSFER OF STOCK .

28




Transfers of stock shall be made only upon the transfer books of the Company kept at an office of the Company or by transfer agents designated to transfer shares of the stock of the Company. Except where a certificate is issued in accordance with Section 7.5 of these bylaws, an outstanding certificate for the number of shares involved shall be surrendered for cancellation before a new certificate is issued therefore. Upon surrender to the Company or the transfer agent of the Company of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Company to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate, and record the transaction in its books.
7.10      STOCK TRANSFER AGREEMENTS .
The Company shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes or series of stock of the Company to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the Company of any one or more classes or series owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.
7.11      REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS .
The Company:
(A)      shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner; and
(B)      shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of another person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
7.12      WAIVER OF NOTICE .
Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate or these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting solely for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the Certificate or these bylaws.
ARTICLE VIII     

NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION
8.1      NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION .

29




Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders pursuant to the DGCL, the Certificate or these bylaws, any notice to stockholders given by the Company under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Company. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if:
(A)      the Company is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Company in accordance with such consent; and
(B)      such inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice.
However, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.
Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given:
(i)      if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;
(ii)      if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;
(iii)      if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and
(iv)      if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.
An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Company that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
8.2      DEFINITION OF ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION .
An “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, including without limitation an email communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
8.3      INAPPLICABILITY .
Notice by a form of electronic transmission shall not apply to Section 164 (relating to failure to pay for stock; remedies), Section 296 (relating to adjudication of claims; appeal), Section 311

30




(relating to revocation of voluntary dissolution), Section 312 (relating to renewal, revival, extension and restoration of certificate of incorporation) or Section 324 (relating to attachment of shares of stock or any option, right or interest therein) of the DGCL.
ARTICLE IX     

INDEMNIFICATION OF AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES TO DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
9.1      POWER TO INDEMNIFY IN ACTIONS, SUITS OR PROCEEDINGS OTHER THAN THOSE BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY .
Subject to Section 9.3 of these bylaws, the Company shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Company) by reason of the fact that such person (or the legal representative of such person) is or was a director or officer of the Company or any predecessor of the Company, or is or was a director or officer of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director or officer, employee or agent of another company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.
9.2      POWER TO INDEMNIFY IN ACTIONS, SUITS OR PROCEEDINGS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY .
Subject to Section 9.3 of these bylaws, the Company shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as now or hereafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person (or the legal representative of such person) is or was a director or officer of the Company or any predecessor of the Company, or is or was a director or officer of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged

31




to be liable to the Company unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
9.3      AUTHORIZATION OF INDEMNIFICATION .
Any indemnification under this Article IX (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Company only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 9.1 or Section 9.2 of these bylaws, as the case may be. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who is either a director or officer at the time of such determination or a former director or officer, (i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or (iv) by the stockholders (but only if a majority of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, if they constitute a quorum of the board of directors, presents the issue of entitlement to indemnification to the stockholders for their determination). To the extent, however, that a present or former director or officer of the Company has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described above, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, without the necessity of authorization in the specific case.
9.4      GOOD FAITH DEFINED .
For purposes of any determination under Section 9.3 of these bylaws, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Company or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Company or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or another enterprise. The term “another enterprise” as used in this Section 9.4 shall mean any other company or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such person is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent. The provisions of this Section 9.4 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 9.1 or Section 9.2 of these bylaws, as the case may be.
9.5      INDEMNIFICATION BY A COURT .

32




Notwithstanding any contrary determination in the specific case under Section 9.3 of this Article IX , and notwithstanding the absence of any determination thereunder, any director or officer may apply to the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware for indemnification to the extent otherwise permissible under Section 9.1 and Section 9.2 of these bylaws. The basis of such indemnification by a court shall be a determination by such court that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standards of conduct set forth in Section 9.1 or Section 9.2 of these bylaws, as the case may be. Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section 9.3 of these bylaws nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct. Notice of any application for indemnification pursuant to this Section 9.5 shall be given to the Company promptly upon the filing of such application. If successful, in whole or in part, the director or officer seeking indemnification shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such application to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
9.6      EXPENSES PAYABLE IN ADVANCE .
To the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL, or by any other applicable law, expenses incurred by a person who is or was a director or officer in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding; provided , however , that if the DGCL requires, an advance of expenses incurred by any person in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity) shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized in this Article IX .
9.7      NONEXCLUSIVITY OF INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES .
The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Article IX shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the Certificate, any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, it being the policy of the Company that indemnification of the persons specified in Section 9.1 and Section 9.2 of these bylaws shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Article IX shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is not specified in Section 9.1 or Section 9.2 of these bylaws but whom the Company has the power or obligation to indemnify under the provisions of the DGCL, or otherwise. The Company is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advances, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL, or by any other applicable law.
9.8      INSURANCE .

33




To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL or any other applicable law, the Company may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company, or is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Company would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article IX .
9.9      CERTAIN DEFINITIONS .
For purposes of this Article IX , references to “the Company” shall include, in addition to the resulting company, any constituent company (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors or officers, so that any person who is or was a director or officer of such constituent company, or is or was a director or officer of such constituent company serving at the request of such constituent company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article IX with respect to the resulting or surviving company as such person would have with respect to such constituent company if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article IX , references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the Company” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director or officer with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Company” as referred to in this Article IX .
9.10      SURVIVAL OF INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES .
The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses conferred by this Article IX shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, administrators and other personal and legal representatives of such a person.
9.11      LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION .
Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article IX to the contrary, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 9.5 of these bylaws), the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board.
9.12      INDEMNIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS .

34




The Company may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Company similar to those conferred in this Article IX to directors and officers of the Company.
9.13      EFFECT OF AMENDMENT OR REPEAL .
Neither any amendment or repeal of any Section of this Article IX , nor the adoption of any provision of the Certificate or the bylaws inconsistent with this Article IX , shall adversely affect any right or protection of any director, officer, employee or other agent established pursuant to this Article IX existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision, including without limitation by eliminating or reducing the effect of this Article IX , for or in respect of any act, omission or other matter occurring, or any action or proceeding accruing or arising (or that, but for this Article IX , would accrue or arise), prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision.
ARTICLE X     

MISCELLANEOUS
10.1      PROVISIONS OF CERTIFICATE GOVERN .
In the event of any inconsistency between the terms of these bylaws and the Certificate, the terms of the Certificate will govern.
10.2      CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS .
Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the DGCL shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term “person” includes both a corporation and a natural person.
10.3      SEVERABILITY .
In the event that any bylaw or the application thereof becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, void or unenforceable, the remaining bylaws will continue in full force and effect.
10.4      AMENDMENT .
In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board is expressly authorized to adopt, amend, alter or repeal these bylaws. The affirmative vote of at least a majority of the Board then in office shall be required in order for the Board to adopt, amend, alter or repeal these bylaws. No bylaw hereafter legally amended, altered or repealed shall invalidate any prior act of the directors or officers of the Company that would have been valid if such bylaw had not been amended, altered or repealed.

35




Except as otherwise set forth in these bylaws, these bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed or new bylaws may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the shares of the capital stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at any annual meeting of stockholders, or at any special meeting of stockholders, provided notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new bylaws shall have been stated in the notice of such annual or special meeting.
10.5      FORUM SELECTION .
Unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (A) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (B) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, other employee or stockholder of the Company to the Company or the Company’s stockholders, (C) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or (D) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the Company shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section 10.5 .



36

Exhibit 10.1

FORM OF VOTING AGREEMENT
THIS VOTING AGREEMENT (hereinafter referred to as this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of June 11, 2019 by and between Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), on the one hand, and the undersigned shareholder (the “ Shareholder ”) of Medidata Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), on the other hand.
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, the Company, Parent, Dassault Systèmes SE, a societas Europea (European company) organized under the laws of France and 3DS Acquisition 6 Corp., a Delaware corporation (“ Merger Sub ”), have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Merger Agreement ”), dated as of the date hereof, pursuant to which Merger Sub will be merged with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”), with the Company being the surviving entity of such Merger and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent and each of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“ Company Common Stock ” (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include Company RSAs)), will, subject to the terms of the Merger Agreement, be converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration;
WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, the Shareholder is the beneficial owner (for purposes of this Agreement, “beneficial owner” (including “beneficially own” and other correlative terms) shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ Exchange Act ”)) of (a) the number of shares of Company Common Stock set forth opposite the Shareholder’s name on Schedule I hereto (such shares of Company Common Stock, together with any other equity securities of the Company, the power to dispose of or the voting power over which is acquired by the Shareholder during the period from and including the date hereof through and including the Expiration Date (including, but not limited to, any shares of Company Common Stock acquired upon exercise of any Company Options and settlement of any Company RSUs, in each case, that vest before or during such period), collectively, the “ Subject Shares ”) and (b) shares of Company Common Stock underlying the Company Options set forth opposite the Shareholder’s name on Schedule I hereto (such Company Options, together with any other Company Options acquired by the Shareholder during the period from and including the date hereof through and including the Expiration Date, collectively, the “ Subject Options ”); and
WHEREAS, as a condition to and as an inducement to Parent’s willingness to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Shareholder has agreed to enter into this Agreement and vote its Subject Shares as described herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
Section 1. Certain Definitions . Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement. For all purposes of and under this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following respective meanings:
(a)
Constructive Sale ” shall mean, with respect to any Subject Shares or Subject Options, a short sale with respect to such Subject Shares or Subject Options, entering into or acquiring an offsetting derivative contract with respect to such Subject Shares or Subject Options, entering into or acquiring a future or forward contract to deliver such Subject Shares or Subject Options, or entering into any other hedging or other derivative transaction that has the effect of either directly or indirectly materially changing the economic benefits or risks of ownership of such Subject Shares or Subject Options.
(b)
Expiration Date ” shall mean the earliest to occur of (i) the Effective Time, (ii) such date and time as the Merger Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to Article VII of the Merger Agreement, (iii) a Company Board Recommendation Change to the extent permitted by, and subject to the applicable terms and conditions of, Section 6.1(c) of the Merger Agreement, and (iv) the mutual written agreement of each of the parties hereto to terminate this Agreement.
(c)
Transfer ” shall mean, with respect to any Subject Shares or Subject Options, the direct or indirect assignment, sale, transfer, tender, pledge, hypothecation, or the grant, creation or suffrage of a Lien upon, or the gift, placement in trust, or the Constructive Sale or other disposition of such Subject Shares or Subject Options (including transfers by testamentary or intestate succession or otherwise by operation of Law) or any right, title or interest therein (including any right or power to vote to which the holder thereof may be entitled, whether such right or power is granted by proxy or otherwise), or any change in the record or beneficial ownership of such Subject Shares or Subject Options, and any agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing, to effect any of the foregoing.
SECTION 2.      Transfer of Shares .
(a)
Transfer of Shares . The Shareholder hereby agrees that at all times during the period commencing on the date hereof until the Expiration Date, the Shareholder shall not cause or permit any Transfer of any of the Subject Shares or Subject Options or discuss, negotiate or make an offer or enter into a binding agreement, commitment or other arrangement regarding any Transfer of any of such Subject Shares or Subject Options, except (i) by using Subject Shares (or effecting a “net exercise” of a Subject Option or a “net settlement” of a Company RSU) to pay the exercise price upon the exercise of a Subject Option or to satisfy any tax withholding obligation upon the exercise of a Subject Option or settlement of a Company RSU (including broker-assisted cashless exercises of Subject Options and sell-to-cover transactions), in each case as permitted pursuant to the terms of any of the Company Stock Plans, or (ii) transferring Subject Shares (x) to immediate family members, a trust established for the benefit of Shareholder and/or for the benefit of one or more members of Shareholder’s immediate family, (y) following the obtainment of the Requisite Stockholder Approval, as gifts to charitable organizations, including a donor-advised fund, or (z) upon the death of the Shareholder, provided in the case of any transfer pursuant to clause (x) or (z), such transferee takes such Subject Shares subject to the provisions of this Agreement as if such transferee were the Shareholder.
(b)
Transfer of Voting Rights . The Shareholder represents, covenants and agrees that, except for this Agreement, the Shareholder (i) has not entered into, nor shall enter into at any time while this Agreement remains in effect, any voting agreement, voting trust or similar arrangement or understanding with respect to any of the Subject Shares or Subject Options and (ii) has not granted, nor shall grant at any time while this Agreement remains in effect, a proxy (except in accordance with Section 2(c)), consent or power of attorney with respect to any of the Subject Shares or Subject Options.
(c)
Other than the granting of proxies to vote any of the Subject Shares with respect to the election of directors, ratification of the appointment of the Company’s auditors at the Company’s annual meeting or special meeting of stockholders, and other routine matters at the Company’s annual meeting or any special meeting, in either case, to the extent such matters are not (x) inconsistent with the obligations contemplated by the Merger Agreement or this Agreement or (y) related to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or this Agreement, the Shareholder shall not, directly or indirectly, grant any Person any proxy (revocable or irrevocable), power of attorney or other authorization with respect to the voting of any of the Subject Shares.
SECTION 3.      Agreement to Vote Shares .
(a)
Voting Agreement . Until the Expiration Date, at every meeting of shareholders of the Company called with respect to any of the following, and at every adjournment or postponement thereof, and on every action or approval by written consent of shareholders of the Company with respect to any of the following, the Shareholder agrees (solely in its capacity as a shareholder of the Company) that it shall, or shall cause its nominee holder of record on any applicable record date to, (x) appear at such meeting or otherwise cause the Subject Shares that are eligible to be voted at such shareholder meeting to be counted as present thereat for purposes of establishing a quorum and (y) vote the Subject Shares that the Shareholder is eligible to vote at any applicable general or special meeting of the shareholders of the Company, or deliver a written consent in respect of the Subject Shares if action is being taken by written consent of the shareholders of the Company:
(i)
in favor of (x) adoption of the Merger Agreement and approval of the Merger and the other transactions and any other actions necessary, desirable, or reasonably requested by Parent in furtherance thereof, (y) in favor of any proposal to adjourn a meeting of the stockholders of the Company to solicit additional proxies in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement and approval of the Merger and the other transactions, and (z) any proposal or action in respect of which approval of the Company’s shareholders is requested that could reasonably be expected to facilitate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement; and
(ii)
against (x) any proposal or action that would constitute, or could reasonably be expected to result in, a breach of any covenant, representation or warranty or any other obligation or agreement of the Company under the Merger Agreement or of the Shareholder under this Agreement or otherwise reasonably would be expected to impede, interfere with, delay, postpone, discourage or adversely affect the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, (y) any Acquisition Proposal or any proposal relating to an Acquisition Proposal and (z) any stock purchase agreement, merger, consolidation, combination, sale of substantial assets, reorganization, recapitalization, dissolution, liquidation or winding up of or by the Company (other than the Merger Agreement);
provided , that the foregoing voting covenants shall apply solely to actions taken by the Shareholder in its capacity as a shareholder of the Company, and solely with respect to such matters to the extent the approval of the Company’s shareholders is required or requested of the Company’s shareholders by the Company, and the Shareholder shall not have any obligations or restrictions with respect to such matters in any other capacity or in any other context. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Section 3 shall not require the Shareholder to be present (in person or by proxy) or vote (or cause to be voted) any of its Subject Shares to amend the Merger Agreement or take any action that could result in the amendment or modification, or a waiver of a provision therein, in any such case, in a manner that (x) decreases the amount or changes the form of the consideration or imposes any restrictions or additional conditions on the receipt of the consideration to the stockholders of the Company or (y) is otherwise materially adverse to the Shareholder. The Shareholder shall retain at all times the right to vote its Subject Shares in its sole discretion and without any other limitation on those matters other than those set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) above that are at any time or from time to time presented for consideration to the Company’s stockholders generally. For the avoidance of doubt, clauses (i) and (ii) above shall not apply to votes, if any, solely on the election or removal of directors as recommended by the Company Board (provided such recommendation is not in violation of the terms of the Merger Agreement).
SECTION 4.      No Ownership Interest . Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to vest in Parent any direct or indirect ownership or incidence of ownership of, or with respect to, any Subject Shares. All rights, ownership and economic benefits of and relating to the Subject Shares shall remain vested in and belong to the Shareholder, and this Agreement shall not confer any right, power or authority upon Parent or any other Person (a) to direct the Shareholder in the voting of any of the Subject Shares, except as otherwise specifically provided herein, or (b) in the performance of any of the Shareholder’s duties or responsibilities as shareholders or officers or directors, as the case may be, of the Company. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, nothing herein shall require the Shareholder to exercise any option and/or other rights to purchase Company Capital Stock (including Company Options).
SECTION 5.      Solicitation . The Shareholder hereby represents and warrants that the Shareholder has read Section 5.2 of the Merger Agreement. In addition, the Shareholder, solely in the Shareholder’s capacity as a shareholder of the Company, agrees not to, directly or indirectly, take any action that would violate Section 5.2 of the Merger Agreement if the Shareholder were deemed a “Representative” of the Company for purposes of such Section 5.2 of the Merger Agreement; provided , the foregoing shall not serve to limit or restrict any actions taken by the Shareholder in any capacity other than as a shareholder of the Company, to the extent such actions are permitted or required under such Section 5.2 of the Merger Agreement.
SECTION 6.      Representations, Warranties and Other Agreements of the Shareholder . The Shareholder hereby represents and warrants to Parent as of the date hereof:
(a)
(i) the Shareholder is the beneficial owner of, and has good, valid and marketable title to, the Subject Shares and Subject Options set forth opposite its name on Schedule I , (ii) the Shareholder or its Affiliates has sole voting power, and sole power of disposition, in each case either individually or through the Shareholder’s representatives, with respect to all of his Subject Shares, (iii) the Subject Shares and Subject Options owned by the Shareholder are all of the equity securities of the Company owned, either of record or beneficially, by the Shareholder as of the date hereof (other than equity securities of the Company held in family trusts), (iv) the Subject Shares and Subject Options owned by the Shareholder are free and clear of all Liens, other than Permitted Liens, any Liens created by this Agreement, the underlying agreements pursuant to which such shares were issued or as imposed by applicable securities Laws and (iv) the Shareholder has not appointed or granted any proxy inconsistent with this Agreement, which appointment or grant is still effective, with respect to the Subject Shares;
(b)
the Shareholder has full power and authority to make, enter into and carry out the terms of this Agreement applicable to the Shareholder;
(c)
the Shareholder agrees not to bring, commence, institute, maintain, prosecute, participate in or voluntarily aid any action, claim, suit or cause of action, in law or in equity, in any court or before any Governmental Authority, which alleges that (i) the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Shareholder and the granting of any proxies to be delivered in connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, or (ii) the approval of the Merger Agreement by the Company Board, breaches any fiduciary duty of the Company Board or any member thereof;
(d)
the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Shareholder does not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Shareholder will not, result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration) (whether after the giving of notice of or the passage of time or both) under any applicable Law or any contract to which the Shareholder is a party or which is binding on the Shareholder or the Subject Shares or Subject Options, and will not result in the creation of any Lien on any of the Subject Shares or Subject Options;
(e)
this Agreement has been duly executed by the Shareholder and constitutes the valid and legally binding obligation of the Shareholder, enforceable against the Shareholder in accordance with its terms, except that such enforceability (i) may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws of general application affecting or relating to the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and (ii) is subject to general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity;
(f)
the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Shareholder does not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Shareholder will not, require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Authority by the Shareholder, (i) except for any applicable requirements, if any, of the Exchange Act and the HSR Act, any applicable foreign antitrust, competition or merger control applicable Laws, and any CFIUS filings and (ii) except where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or delay the performance by the Shareholder of the Shareholder’s obligations under this Agreement in any material respect;
(g)
as of the date of this Agreement, there are no Legal Proceedings pending, or to the knowledge of the Shareholder, threatened against the Shareholder or any of the Shareholder’s assets or properties that would reasonably be expected to impair the Shareholder’s ability to perform the Shareholder’s obligations under this Agreement on a timely basis; and
(h)
the Shareholder understands and acknowledges that Parent is entering into the Merger Agreement in reliance upon the Shareholder’s execution and delivery of this Agreement and the representations and warranties of the Shareholder contained herein.
SECTION 7.      Consent . The Shareholder on behalf of itself only consents to and authorizes the Company, Parent and their respective Affiliates (and Parent authorizes the Company and its Affiliates) to (a) publish and disclose in the Proxy Statement, any current report of the Company on Form 8-K and any other documents required to be filed with the SEC or any regulatory authority in connection with the Merger Agreement, the Shareholder’s identity and ownership of Subject Shares and Subject Options and the nature of the Shareholder’s commitments, arrangements and understandings under this Agreement (“Shareholder Information”) and (b) file this Agreement as an exhibit to the extent required to be filed with the SEC or any regulatory authority relating to the Merger. The Shareholder hereby agrees to cooperate with Parent and the Company in connection with such filings, including providing such Shareholder Information reasonably requested by Parent or the Company. As promptly as reasonably practicable, the Shareholder shall notify Parent of any required corrections with respect to any Shareholder Information supplied by the Shareholder, if and to the extent the Shareholder becomes aware that any such Shareholder Information shall have become false or misleading in any material respect.
SECTION 8.      Shareholder Capacity . To the extent that the Shareholder is an officer or director of the Company or any Subsidiaries of the Company, nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as preventing or otherwise affecting any deliberations or actions taken or not taken by the Shareholder in its capacity as an officer or director of the Company or any Subsidiaries of the Company or from fulfilling the duties and obligations of such office (including the performance of obligations required by the fiduciary duties of the Shareholder acting in its capacity as an officer or director), and none of such deliberations or actions (or determinations not to take any action) in such other capacities shall be deemed to constitute a breach of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Agreement shall limit in any way the Company or its officers or directors from taking actions permitted or required by the Merger Agreement and Parent shall not assert any claim that any action taken by the Shareholder in its capacity as a director or officer of the Company violates any provision of this Agreement.
SECTION 9.      Legending of Shares . Until the Expiration Date, the Shareholder hereby authorizes Parent and the Company to cause each certificate evidencing the Subject Shares to bear the following legend on the face thereof (which legend shall be removed promptly upon the Expiration Date to the extent the Merger is not consummated):
“THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON VOTING, TRANSFER AND CERTAIN OTHER LIMITATIONS SET FORTH IN THAT CERTAIN SHAREHOLDER VOTING AGREEMENT, DATED AS OF JUNE 11, 2019, BETWEEN THE HOLDER OF THE CERTIFICATE AND DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP., AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME, COPIES OF WHICH SHAREHOLDER VOTING AGREEMENT ARE ON FILE AT THE PRINCIPAL OFFICE OF MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.”
SECTION 10.      Termination . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary provided herein, this Agreement and any undertaking or waiver granted by the Shareholder hereunder automatically shall terminate and be of no further force or effect as of the Expiration Date; provided , that upon termination of this Agreement, Parent shall take such actions as are reasonably requested by the Shareholder to remove any legend placed upon any Subject Shares pursuant to Section 9 (and to cause the return of any certificates evidencing Subject Shares to the extent provided by the beneficial owner thereof to Parent or any of its Affiliates); provided, further, however , (a) Section 11 and Section 13 shall survive any termination or expiration of this Agreement, (b) any such termination shall not relieve any party from liability for any willful breach of its obligations hereunder prior to such termination, and (c) each party will be entitled to any remedies at law or in equity to recover its losses arising from any such pre-termination willful breach of its obligations hereunder.
SECTION 11.      Appraisal Rights . The Shareholder (i) irrevocably waives and agrees not to exercise, assert or perfect any rights to appraisal with respect to any of the Subject Shares or rights to dissent from the Merger that the Shareholder may have and (ii) agrees not to commence or participate in, and will take all actions necessary to opt out of, any class in any class action with respect to, any claim, derivative or otherwise, against Parent, Guarantor, Merger Sub, the Company or any of their respective successors relating to the negotiation, execution or delivery of this Agreement or the Merger Agreement or the consummation of the Merger, including any claim (x) challenging the validity of, seeking to enjoin the operation of, any provision of this Agreement or (y) alleging a breach of any fiduciary duty of the Company Board in connection with the Merger Agreement or the transactions contemplated thereby; provided , that the foregoing covenants shall not be deemed a consent to or waiver of any rights of the Shareholder for any breach of this Agreement by Parent or its Affiliates.
SECTION 12.      Further Assurances .
(a)
Each of the parties hereto shall execute and deliver any additional certificate, instruments and other documents, and take any additional actions, as any other party reasonably may deem necessary or appropriate to carry out and effectuate the purpose and intent of this Agreement.
(b)
The Shareholder agrees, while this Agreement is in effect, to notify Parent promptly in writing of the number and description of any Subject Shares or Subject Options acquired by the Shareholder after the date hereof which are not set forth on Schedule I hereto.
SECTION 13.      Miscellaneous .
(a)
Expenses . All costs and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement shall be paid by the party incurring such cost or expense.
(b)
Waiver . No failure or delay by the Parent in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement or applicable Law shall operate as a waiver of such rights nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise of any other right, power or privilege hereunder (except as otherwise specifically set forth herein).
(c)
Severability . The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed severable and the illegality, invalidity or unenforceability of any provisions shall not affect the legality, validity or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement. In the event that any provision of this Agreement, or the application thereof, becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, (i) the remainder of this Agreement will continue in full force and effect, (ii) the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such illegality, invalidity or unenforceability and (iii) the Parties will negotiate reasonably and in good faith agree to replace such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision of this Agreement with a suitable and equitable provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the economic, business and other intent and purposes of such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision.
(d)
Assignment . No party may assign either this Agreement or any of its rights or interests or obligations hereunder, in whole or part, by operation of Law or otherwise, without the prior written approval of the other parties and any attempted or purported assignment or delegation in violation of this Section 13(d) shall be null and void. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
(e)
Amendments . This Agreement may not be modified, amended, altered or supplemented, except upon the execution and delivery of a written agreement executed by each of the parties hereto.
(f)
Specific Performance; Injunctive Relief . The parties agree that irreparable damage would occur to Parent in the event that any provision of this Agreement were not performed by the Shareholder in accordance with the specific terms hereof, and that Parent shall be entitled to an injunction, specific performance and other equitable relief to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, this being in addition to any other remedy to which Parent is entitled at law or in equity. The Shareholder agrees that it will not oppose the granting of an injunction, specific performance and other equitable relief to enforce the covenants and obligations contained herein on the basis that Parent has an adequate remedy at law or an award of specific performance is not an appropriate remedy for any reason at law or equity and Parent shall not be required to post a bond or other security in connection with any such order or injunction.
(g)
Governing Law . This Agreement, and all Legal Proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or the negotiation, validity or performance of this Agreement or the Transactions, shall be deemed to be made in and in all respects shall be governed by and interpreted and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of Delaware, regardless of the Laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts of law thereof (or any other jurisdiction) to the extent that such Laws would direct a matter to another jurisdiction.
(h)
Jurisdiction and Venue . Each of the Shareholder and Parent hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) consents to submit to the sole and exclusive jurisdiction of the Selected Courts for any litigation arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or the negotiation, validity or performance of this Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) agrees not to commence any litigation relating thereto except in such courts, (iii) waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such litigation in such courts and (iv) agrees not to plead or claim in such courts that such litigation brought therein has been brought in any inconvenient forum. Without limiting the foregoing, each party agrees that service of process on it by notice as provided in Section 13(l) shall be deemed effective service of process.
(i)
Waiver of Trial by Jury . EACH PARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND THEREFORE EACH SUCH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT SUCH PARTY MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING. EACH PARTY CERTIFIES AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT: (A) NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER; (B) IT UNDERSTANDS AND HAS CONSIDERED THE IMPLICATIONS OF THIS WAIVER; (C) IT MAKES THIS WAIVER VOLUNTARILY; AND (D) IT HAS BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 13(i) .
(j)
No Agreement Until Transaction Documents Executed . Irrespective of negotiations among the parties or the exchanging of drafts of this Agreement, this Agreement shall not constitute, or be deemed to evidence, a contract, agreement, arrangement or understanding between the parties hereto unless (i) the Merger Agreement is executed and delivered by all parties thereto and (ii) this Agreement is executed and delivered by all parties hereto.
(k)
No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement is not intended, and shall not be deemed, to confer any rights or remedies upon any person other than the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns, to create any agreement of employment with any person or to otherwise create any third-party beneficiary hereto.
(l)
Notices . All notices and other communications required or permitted under, or otherwise given in connection with, this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly delivered and received hereunder (i) four (4) Business Days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (ii) one (1) Business Day after being sent for next Business Day delivery, fees prepaid, via a reputable internationally recognized overnight courier service, or (iii) immediately upon delivery by hand or by e-mail (so long as a receipt with respect to such e-mail is requested and received in writing), in each case to the intended recipient as set forth below:
(a)      if to Parent, to:
175 Wyman Street
Waltham, MA 02451
Attention: DS Americas General Counsel
E-mail: mark.neil@3ds.com
, matthew.vittiglio@3ds.com
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
4 Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Attention: Howard L. Ellin; Jeremy D. London
E-mail: howard.ellin@skadden.com; jeremy.london@skadden.com
(b)
If to the Shareholder: to the Shareholder’s address for notice set forth on Schedule I attached hereto:
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10019
Attention: Warren J. Nimetz, Sheldon G. Nussbaum; Paul Jacobs
E-mail.: warren.nimetz@nortonrosefulbright.com;
sheldon.nussbaum@nortonrosefulbright.com;
paul.jacobs@nortonrosefulbright.com

and

Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP
767 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10153
Attention: Michael J. Aiello
E-mail: michael.aiello@weil.com

(m)
Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other party. Facsimile or other electronic transmission of any signed original document shall be deemed the same as the delivery of an original. At the request of any party, the parties will confirm signatures executed by facsimile or other electronic transmission by signing a duplicate original document.
(n)
Interpretation . The headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words “include”, “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation”. The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. All terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings when used in any document made or delivered pursuant hereto unless otherwise defined therein. The definitions contained or incorporated by reference into this Agreement are applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such terms and to the masculine as well as to the feminine and neuter genders of such term. Any agreement, instrument or statute defined or referred to herein or in any agreement or instrument that is referred to herein means such agreement, instrument or statute as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented in accordance with its terms, including (in the case of agreements or instruments) by valid waiver or consent and (in the case of statutes) by succession of comparable successor statutes and references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein. References to a Person are also to its permitted assigns and successors.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.

DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP.


By: ___________________________________
Name:
Title:

SHAREHOLDER


___________________________________



 

EXHIBIT 10.2

EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This Executive Employment Agreement (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of June 11, 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes SE, a societas Europaea (European company) organized under the laws of France (“ Dassault Systèmes ), Medidata Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Tarek Sherif (the “ Executive ”).

WHEREAS, the Company has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 11, 2019, by and among the Company, Dassault Systèmes, Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Dassault Systèmes (“ DSAC ”) and DS Acquisition 6 Corp, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC (“ Merger Sub ” and, such agreement, the “ Merger Agreement ”), pursuant to which, effective as of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “ Transactions ,” and the date on which the Transactions are consummated, the “ Effective Date ”), Merger Sub shall merge with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC;

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are party to the Amended and Restated Executive Change in Control Agreement, dated as of August 9, 2016 (the “ CIC Agreement ”); and
 
WHEREAS, in connection with the Transactions, Dassault Systèmes, DSAC, the Company and Executive (collectively, the “ Parties ”) desire to enter into this Agreement in order to continue Executive’s employment with Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates (as defined below) following the Transactions, and Executive desires to remain in the employ of Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates following the Transactions, subject to the terms and provisions of this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth and other good and valuable consideration, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties agree as follows:

1.
Position & Duties.

(a)      Position. As of the Effective Date, the Company hereby shall continue to employ Executive upon the terms and conditions herein set forth to serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, with the mission set forth on Exhibit A , on a full-time basis, reporting to the Executive Vice President of Dassault Systèmes or other senior executive designated by Dassault Systèmes to manage reporting relationships of brand chief executives. During the period commencing on the date first written above and ending on the date that is thirty (30) days thereafter, the Parties shall cooperate in good faith to make such revisions to Exhibit A as may be necessary and desirable to reflect the mission of Executive following the Effective Date. In addition, Executive may be asked from time to time to serve as a director or officer of the Company and/or one or more of the persons and entities directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by management authority, equity interest or otherwise (the “ Affiliates ”), without additional compensation.

(b)      Duties. Executive agrees to perform the duties of Executive’s position and such other duties consistent with his position as may reasonably be assigned to Executive from time to time; provided , however , that Executive shall comply with the limitations to Executive’s powers as provided for in the resolutions of the Company’s charter or by-laws, or the Dassault Systèmes Executive Management Rules as the foregoing may be amended from time to time, and shall not have the authority to take, directly or indirectly, any of the actions set forth in such rules without obtaining the prior written approval of the Dassault Systèmes executive officer designated by such rules. Executive also agrees that, while employed by the Company, Executive shall devote Executive’s full business time and best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge exclusively to the advancement of the business and interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to the discharge of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for them. Executive shall disclose to the Company any outside business activities and the Company reserves the right to refuse Executive’s involvement in such outside business activities if, in the Company’s reasonable judgment, such activities pose a conflict of interest, violate Section 6, Section 7 or Section 8, or otherwise interfere with the performance of Executive’s duties. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, nothing herein shall preclude Executive from (i) serving on the boards of trade associations or charitable organizations, (ii) engaging in charitable activities and community affairs, and (iii) managing Executive’s personal investments and financial affairs.

(c)      Obligations.  Further, as a condition of continued employment, Executive shall be required to sign and return the Dassault Systèmes Code of Business Conduct (the “ 3DS CBC ”), the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy, which are hereby incorporated in this Agreement and are attached hereto as Exhibits B-E , respectively, no later than the Effective Date, and agrees to abide by all of the terms and conditions of any employee policy manual or handbook adopted by the Company, as the same may be amended from time to time in the Company’s sole and absolute discretion.

2. At-Will Employment. Executive and Company agree and acknowledge that Executive’s employment with the Company constitutes “at-will” employment. Executive and the Company acknowledge that this employment relationship may be terminated at any time, upon written notice to the other party, at the option of either the Company or Executive, in accordance with Section 4 hereof.

3. Compensation & Benefits. During Executive’s employment, as compensation for all services performed by Executive for the Company and its Affiliates, the Company shall pay and provide Executive the following:

(a)      Base Salary. The Company shall pay Executive a gross base salary at the rate of Six Hundred Thirty Nine Thousand Six Hundred U.S. Dollars ($639,600) per year, payable in accordance with the regular payroll practices of the Company and subject to annual review (for increase but not decrease to the extent that Executive continues to perform the responsibilities provided in Exhibit A (without limiting Executive’s ability to claim “Good Reason” under prong (3) of the CIC Agreement as modified hereby)), with any adjustment to be in the discretion of the Company (the “ Base Salary ”).

(b)      Performance Bonus Compensation. Executive shall be entitled to a target annual cash bonus opportunity of gross Six Hundred Thirty Nine Thousand Six Hundred U.S. Dollars ($639,600) based on the achievement of such objectives and terms set forth by the Company for each calendar year and subject to the terms and conditions established for payment of such a bonus (the “ Target Performance Bonus ”). The Target Performance Bonus is subject to annual review (for increase but not decrease to the extent that Executive continues to perform the responsibilities provided in Exhibit A (without limiting Executive’s ability to claim “Good Reason” under prong (3) of the CIC Agreement as modified hereby)), with any adjustments to be in the discretion of the Company. Any annual cash bonus to which Executive becomes entitled shall be paid in a single lump-sum cash payment as soon as practicable following the end of the calendar year for which the bonus was earned, but in no event later than the 15th day of the third month following the end of such calendar year.

(c)      Long-Term Incentive Compensation. Executive shall be eligible to receive Dassault Systèmes stock-options or free performance shares upon the formal approval of the Board of Directors of Dassault Systèmes and/or for any long-term incentive compensation plan for which Executive may be selected.

(d)      Participation in Employee Benefit Plans. Executive shall be entitled to participate in all employee benefit plans from time to time in effect for employees of the Company generally, except to the extent such plans are duplicative of benefits otherwise provided Executive under this Agreement . Executive’s participation shall be subject to the terms of the applicable plan documents, as well as generally applicable Company policies, as the same may be amended from time to time.

(e)      Business Expenses. The Company shall pay or reimburse Executive for all reasonable business expenses necessarily incurred or paid by Executive in the performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for the Company, subject to: (i) any maximum annual limit and other restrictions on such expenses set by the Company; and (ii) such other reasonable substantiation and documentation as it may specify from time to time in its sole and absolute discretion. All reimbursements of business expenses hereunder shall be made no later than December 31 of the year following the year in which Executive incurs the expense. In no event shall the amount of the business expenses eligible for reimbursement in one calendar year affect the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement in any other calendar year. Executive’s right to reimbursement shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.

(f)      Vacations. Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation on the same basis as applied under the vacation policy of the Company as in effect prior to the Effective Date, in addition to holidays observed by the Company. Vacation may be taken at such times and intervals as Executive shall reasonably determine, subject to the business needs of the Company.

(g)      Indemnification; D&O Insurance. The Company shall cover Executive under the Company’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies on a basis no less favorable than provided to similar level executives of the Company and its Affiliates.

4. Termination of Employment. Without altering the “at will” nature of the employment relationship between the Company and Executive, it is understood that Executive’s employment hereunder may be terminated as provided in this Section 4:

(a)      By the Company. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment either with Cause or without Cause.

(i)      During the “Protected Period” (as defined in Section 5(b) of this Agreement), the Company may terminate Executive’s employment with or without “Cause,” as defined in, and in accordance with the terms of, the CIC Agreement and without regard to the provisions of this Agreement.

(ii)      Following the Protected Period, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment for Cause upon written notice to Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of the Cause. The following, as determined by the Company in its reasonable judgment, shall constitute “ Cause ” for termination following the Protected Period:

(1)
Executive’s willful failure to perform, or serious negligence in the performance of, Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates; or

(2)
any other breach of any material provision of this Agreement or the 3DS CBC by Executive including, but not limited to, Section 8 of this Agreement; or

(3)
the commission of fraud, embezzlement, theft or other dishonesty with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates by Executive; or

(4)
the conviction of, or plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony or other crime involving moral turpitude; or

(5)
the ownership, direct or indirect, of an interest in a person or entity (other than a minority interest in a publicly traded company) in competition with the Company or its Affiliates as provided in Section 8 below; or

(6)
any other negligent conduct by Executive that could be reasonably anticipated to be materially harmful to the business, interests or reputation of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of clauses (1) and (6) above, no “Cause” will have occurred unless and until the Company has provided Executive with written notice of the circumstances setting forth the elements of “Cause” in reasonable detail and an opportunity to cure such finding of “Cause” within 15 business days after Executive’s receipt of such notice.

(iii)      Following the Protected Period, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment at any time other than for Cause upon thirty (30) days advance written notice to Executive. The Company, at its sole discretion, may waive any requirement that Executive work during the notice period, or any portion therefore, and, in such case, shall provide Executive with pay in lieu of the thirty (30)-day notice period or any portion of such period during which Executive is not required to work.

(b)      By Executive. Executive may terminate Executive’s employment during the Protected Period with or without “Good Reason” (as defined in the CIC Agreement, and as amended by Section 5(b)(ii) of this Agreement). Executive may terminate Executive’s employment following the Protected Period for any reason. In the event that Executive terminates Executive’s employment during the Protected Period without Good Reason or, following the Protected Period, for any reason, Executive shall provide thirty (30) days advance written notice to the Company. The Company, at its sole discretion, may waive any requirement that Executive work during the notice period.

(c) Termination of Employment due to Death or Disability. This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of Executive’s death during employment. In the event Executive becomes disabled during employment through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature and, as a result, is unable to continue to reasonably perform at Executive’s business site substantially all of Executive’s duties and responsibilities under this Agreement for ninety (90) days during any period of three hundred sixty five (365) consecutive calendar days, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment, subject to applicable laws, upon notice to Executive. Executive’s entitlement to salary or other payments, if any, during the period of disability shall be determined in accordance with the then-existing policies and practices of the Company. If any question shall arise as to whether Executive is disabled then, to the extent that Executive is unable to perform substantially all of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for the Company and its Affiliates, Executive shall, at the Company’s request, submit to a medical examination by a physician selected by the Company to whom Executive or Executive’s guardian, if any, has no reasonable objection to determine whether Executive is so disabled and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive of the issue. If such a question arises and Executive fails, refuses or neglects to submit to the requested medical examination, the Company’s determination of the issue shall be binding on Executive.

(d) Further Acts. Upon any termination of Executive’s employment under this Agreement, Executive shall promptly deliver to the Company (i) written resignations confirming Executive’s resignation as an employee, officer and director of the Company and any of its Affiliates and (ii) all documents, data, records and other information pertaining to Executive’s employment or any Confidential Information (as defined below) or Intellectual Property (as defined below), and Executive shall not take with Executive any documents or data, or any reproduction or excerpt of any documents or data, containing or pertaining to Executive’s employment or any Confidential Information (as defined below) or Intellectual Property (as defined below).

5.      Severance Payment and Other Matters Related to Termination.

(a) Accrued Obligations. In the event of termination of Executive’s employment with the Company, howsoever occurring, the Company shall pay Executive any Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination; pay for any vacation accrued (in accordance with the Company’s vacation policy) but not used to that date; and provide reimbursement for any outstanding business expenses Executive incurred in accordance with this Agreement, subject to Executive’s submission of those expenses and required substantiation and documentation within thirty (30) days following the date of termination (the “ Accrued Obligations ”). All Accrued Obligations shall be paid as soon as practicable following Executive’s termination of employment, but in no event later than sixty (60) days following such termination.

(b) Protected Period Termination of Employment by the Company without Cause or by Executive with Good Reason; Certain Acknowledgments.

(i)      The Parties acknowledge and agree that, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the first anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Protected Period ”), Executive shall remain eligible to receive a severance benefit in accordance with the terms of the CIC Agreement. The release of claims contemplated by Section 7 (Release of Claims) and 16(d) (Compliance with Section 409A) of the CIC Agreement (the “ Release Condition ”) is attached hereto as Exhibit F (the “ Executive Release ”).

(ii)      Executive acknowledges and agrees that:

(1)    the following shall replace prong (1) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a material diminution by the Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s duties or responsibilities in a manner which is inconsistent with Executive’s position as the principal executive officer of the Company as a business unit of Dassault Systèmes (it being understood that (A) a change to Executive’s duties or responsibilities as a result of the Company no longer being a publicly-traded entity or Executive no longer reporting to or interacting with the Boards of Directors of the Company or Dassault Systèmes is not Good Reason and (B) a change in Executive’s title from that of Chief Executive Officer or designation as an officer of the Company (which does not also result in a diminution in duties or responsibilities) shall not, by itself, constitute Good Reason)”;
    
(2)     the following shall replace prong (3) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a reduction by Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s rate of salary or annual cash-based incentive opportunity or a breach by Company or any of its Affiliates of a material provision of the Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of June 11, 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes, Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., the Company and Executive (the “ Employment Agreement ”) or this Agreement (as amended by the Employment Agreement)”;

(3)     the CIC Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect as of the day immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date except to the extent that, following the Protected Period, there are any unsatisfied obligations incurred as a result of Executive’s termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by this Section 5(b)(ii)) during the Protected Period;

(4)     for purposes of any equity- or equity-based award granted by the Company prior to the Effective Date and that is converted into a Dassault Systèmes restricted stock unit in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement (the “ Converted Equity Awards ”), Executive’s Converted Equity Awards shall vest upon a termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by the Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by this Section 5(b)(ii), or in the applicable Company equity plan or award agreement thereunder), in either case, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the second anniversary of the Effective Date, and, subject to the Release Condition, shall be settled as soon as administratively practicable following such termination of employment and, in any event, no later than March 15 of the year following the year in which such termination of employment occurs;

(5)     notwithstanding any provision of the CIC Agreement to the contrary, the obligation of the Company or its Affiliates to provide severance benefits under the CIC Agreement is conditioned upon continued full performance of obligations under Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement; and

(6)     the consummation of the Transaction and the changes to Executive’s compensation, benefits, authorities, duties, or responsibilities set forth in this Agreement shall not by itself constitute, or be deemed to constitute, a “good reason” under any plan or agreement entered into with or sponsored by the Company or any of its Affiliates which contain such terms or any substantially similar terms. Further, Executive acknowledges and agrees to the treatment of Executive’s equity- and equity-based awards in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.

(c) Termination of Employment by the Company without Cause Following the Protected Period. In the event that the Company terminates the employment of Executive without Cause following the Protected Period, the Company shall pay to Executive the Accrued Obligations and, if applicable, pay in lieu of notice in accordance with Section 4(a)(iii) of this Agreement.

(d) Termination of Employment by the Company for Cause; Termination of Employment by Reason of Death or Disability. In the event this Agreement is terminated (i) by reason of Executive’s death or disability in accordance with Section 4(c) of this Agreement or (ii) by the Company for Cause in accordance with Section 4(a)(i)-(ii) of this Agreement, the Company shall pay to Executive (or Executive’s designated beneficiary or estate, as the case may be) the Accrued Obligations.

(e) Termination of Employment by Executive without Good Reason During the Protected Period and For Any Reason Following the Protected Period. In the event that this Agreement is terminated by reason of Executive’s resignation of employment other than for Good Reason during the Protected Period or for any reason following the Protected Period, the Company shall pay to Executive the Accrued Obligations.

(f) Except for any right Executive may have under the federal law known as “COBRA” to continue participation in the Company’s group health and dental plans at Executive’s cost or as may be provided in the CIC Agreement, Executive’s benefits and participation in incentive, bonus or other compensation plans and stock option plans shall terminate in accordance with the terms of the applicable plans based on the date of termination of Executive’s employment.

(e)     The provisions of this Agreement shall survive any termination if so provided in this Agreement or if necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including without limitation Executive’s obligations under Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement. Upon termination by either Executive or the Company, all rights, duties and obligations of Executive and the Company to each other shall cease, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or applicable law.

6.     Confidentiality.

(a) For purposes of this Agreement, Confidential Information means any and all information of the Company or any of its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, or that is obtained with any understanding, express or implied, that it shall not be disclosed. Confidential Information shall include, without limitation and in whatever form , information concerning the Company’s business and strategic plans and opportunities, finances and financial statements, identity of the customers, suppliers and vendors, prices and pricing policies, contract rights and obligations, trade secret, know-how, new products and service ideas and structures, employees and their compensation and benefit plans, policies and procedures, and other information regarding the Company’s business and affairs (collectively the “ Confidential Information ”). Confidential Information does not include information that enters the public domain, other than through a breach by Executive or any other Person (as defined below) of an obligation of confidentiality owed to the Company or any of its Affiliates. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Person ” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, estate, trust or any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(b) Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information; that Executive shall develop Confidential Information for the Company and/or its Affiliates; and that Executive shall learn of Confidential Information during the course of Executive’s employment. Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall not disclose to any Person or use, directly or indirectly, for Executive’s own benefit or for the benefit of others, other than as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and/or its Affiliates, any Confidential Information obtained or developed by Executive in connection with, incident to or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. Executive shall not make accessible to any Person any documents which may contain or be derived from Confidential Information, or assist any Person in so doing. Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after Executive’s employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination.

(c) Executive shall not disclose to the Company or any of its Affiliates, or use in connection with or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or induce the Company or any of its Affiliates to use, any information or documentation obtained from any Person, in a manner that would breach any agreement or obligation owed by Executive or the Company or any of its Affiliates to that Person .

(d) Executive agrees, upon request by the Company, to promptly return all Confidential Information which has been furnished to him and all copies thereof. Executive further agrees that Executive shall, upon request from the Company, destroy all material, notes and other work product in Executive’s possession and/or control related in any way to the Confidential Information.

7 .     Intellectual Property Rights.
(a) For purposes of this Agreement, “ Intellectual Property ” means the following items of intangible and tangible property:
i. Patents, whether in the form of utility patents or design patents and all pending applications for such patents;

ii. Trademarks, trade names, service marks, design, logos, and trade dress, whether or not registered, and all pending applications of registration of the same;

iii. Copyright or other works of authorship including documentation, specifications, preparatory works, flow-charts, programmer notes, updates, data, data bases, architecture of the code, software programs (in source and object formats), articles and publications, whether or not registered or registerable, and all pending applications for registration of the same;

iv. Inventions, improvements, research records, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, concepts and ideas, know-how, trade secrets, confidential information, product designs, engineering specifications and drawings, technical information, formulae, customer lists, supplier lists and market analyses; and

v. Semiconductor chip designs, whether or not registered as mask works or topographies.

(b) To the extent permitted by applicable law, Executive hereby assigns, and agrees to assign by way of future assignment, to the Company full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by him (whether alone or with others) during the term of Executive’s employment with the Company, which is in any way connected to the products or services of the Company or its Affiliates, including those products or services contemplated in a plan under consideration by the Company or its Affiliates, regardless of whether the Intellectual Property was made or acquired (i) during business hours, (ii) at the premises of the Company, (iii) with the assistance of material supplied by the Company or (iv) at the request of the Company ( “Executive Intellectual Property” ).
(c) Executive hereby confirms that Executive has transferred in whole to the Company all of Executive’s rights, title and interest in any and all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by Executive (whether alone or with others) while being employed by the Company which is currently being used or contemplated to be used by the Company on the date hereof.
(d) In furtherance of the foregoing Sections 7 (a) through 7 (c), Executive agrees that all fruits of Executive’s work in connection with the business of the Company or its Affiliates, including all Executive Intellectual Property, shall be wholly-owned by the Company, and the Company shall be entitled to deal therewith as it desires and file the rights related to said Executive Intellectual Property in its name or in the name of its Affiliates. The duty of confidentiality in Section 6 shall also apply to any such rights related to Executive Intellectual Property.
(e) Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Executive Intellectual property to the Company. Upon request, Executive shall execute any document and instrument required to vest in the Company or its Affiliates complete title and ownership of any Executive Intellectual Property. Executive shall, at the request of the Company, execute any necessary instrument to obtain legal protection in domestic and foreign countries for Executive Intellectual Property and for the purposes of enforcing rights related to Executive Intellectual Property, all at the Company’s expense and without any additional compensation of any kind to Executive. Executive irrevocably appoints the Company as Executive’s attorney-in-fact in Executive’s name and on Executive’s behalf to execute all documents and do all things required in order to give full effect to the provisions of this Section.
(f) Intellectual Property of Others . Executive shall not use, disclose to the Company, or induce the Company to use, during Executive’s employment with the Company any Intellectual Property (i) belonging to any other Person, in breach of any contractual or legal obligation to such Person, and/or (ii) created prior to Executive employment relationship with the Company and/or its Affiliates for which Executive could claim a right.
8.     Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring .

(a) Non-Competition. Executive agrees that during his employment with the Company and for the period of twelve (12) months following the date of termination of his employment (together with the period of his employment, the Non-Competition Period ”) he will not, directly or indirectly, on his own behalf or on behalf of or in connection with any Person, whether as employee, owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, manager, officer, director, co-venturer or in any other position of responsibility and/or influence, engage in any manner in any activity that is in direct or indirect competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates as conducted or under consideration at any time during Executive’s employment, including any business or entity that is involved with the design, development, distribution, license, sale and support of life-science-related applications, solutions or services (collectively the “ Company and Affiliates Products and Services ”) in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Korea, Singapore and Japan (the “Non-Competition Area” ).

For purposes of clarity, but without limiting the foregoing, the following companies engage in business activities that are in competition with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services and Executive agrees not to accept employment with these companies or their respective successors and assigns during the Non-Competition Period in the Non-Competition Area: Siemens PLM, PTC, Autodesk, SAP, Oracle, Microsoft, IBM, Alphabet, Salesforce, Parexel, BioClinica, CRF Health, YPrime, Kayentis, Veeva, IQVIA, ERT.

For the avoidance of doubt, Executive shall be in breach of this Section if he engages in activities that are in competition with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services during the Non-Competition Period in the Non-Competition Area, even if Executive’s residence or place of work is not within the Non-Competition Area. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than five per cent (5%) (including both shares held by Executive and those held by any Person acting jointly or in concert with Executive) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation, in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates, the shares of which are listed on a recognized stock exchange or an organized securities market; and provided further that Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than one per cent (1%) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation effecting venture capital investments in businesses in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(b)      Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring. Executive agrees that during the Non-Competition Period, Executive shall not, directly or through any other Person, (i) hire or attempt to hire, or solicit or try to solicit for employment or engagement, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates, (ii) encourage or induce, or attempt to encourage or induce, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue his or her employment with, or services for, the Company or its Affiliates, as applicable, or use his or her services for any means other than for the benefit of the Company or its Affiliates, (iii) solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (iv) seek to solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person to conduct with anyone else any business or activity that such Covered Person conducted, conducts or could conduct with the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided , that Executive may hire or attempt to hire any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates with prior written approval from Dassault Systèmes Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer.
For purposes of this Section 8(b), “ Covered Person ” means (x) any Person that is or was a customer, client, investor, vendor or supplier of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (y) any prospective customer, client, vendor or supplier of the Company or its Affiliates.
(c)      Acknowledgments of Executive. Executive recognizes and agrees that Executive’s services are special and unique and that the level of compensation and the provisions herein for compensation and other benefits are partly in consideration of and conditioned upon Executive’s not competing with the Company or any of its Affiliates in violation of this Agreement, and that Executive’s covenant not to compete or solicit as set forth in this Section during and after employment is essential to protect the business and good will of the Company. Executive agrees that the Company and its Affiliates would suffer an irreparable injury if Executive were to breach any of the covenants contained in Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of the Agreement. Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, would by reason of such breach or threatened breach be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief in a court of appropriate jurisdiction without having to post bond, and Executive hereby stipulates to the entering of such injunctive relief prohibiting Executive from engaging in such breach. In signing this Agreement, Executive gives the Company assurance that Executive has carefully read, understood and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed on Executive under this Section. Executive agrees without reservation that these restraints are necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the Company and its Affiliates and that each and every one of the restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, scope, length of time and geographic area. Executive and the Company further agree that, in the event that any provision of this Section 8 is determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area, too great a range of activities or for any other reason, that such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. It is also agreed that each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of Executive’s obligations to that Subsidiary, as applicable, under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to this Section 8.
9.     Permitted Disclosures . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b), Executive will not be held criminally or civilly liable under any Federal or State trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret of the Company that (a) is made (i) in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to Executive’s attorney and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (b) is made in a complaint or other document that is filed under seal in a lawsuit or other proceeding. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if Executive files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Executive may disclose the trade secret to Executive’s attorney and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding if Executive (I) files any document containing the trade secret under seal and (II) does not disclose the trade secret except pursuant to court order. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to conflict with 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b) or create liability for disclosures of trade secrets that are expressly allowed by such section. Further, nothing in any agreement Executive has with the Company shall prohibit or restrict Executive from making any voluntary disclosure of information or documents related to any violation of law to any governmental agency or legislative body, or any self-regulatory organization, in each case, without advance notice to the Company.

10.     Conflicting Agreements . Executive hereby represents and warrants that the signing of this Agreement and the performance of Executive’s obligations under it shall not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which Executive is a party or by which Executive is bound b y and that Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any court order that could affect the performance of Executive’s obligations under this Agreement.

11.     Assignment. Neither Executive nor the Company may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest in it, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without Executive’s consent to any firm, corporation or other business entity with whom the Company shall hereafter effect a reorganization, consolidate with, or merge into or to whom it transfers, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of its assets or business (the “ Successor ”). Any such Successor of the Company shall be deemed substituted for the Company under the terms of this Agreement for all purposes. Following the assignment of this Agreement to a Successor, the Company shall be released from its obligations hereunder and such Successor shall be liable for all of the Company’s obligations hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of: (a) the heirs, beneficiaries, executors and legal representatives of Executive upon Executive’s death; and (b) any Successor of the Company.

12.      Withholding. The Company shall be entitled to withhold, or cause to be withheld, any amount of federal, state, city taxes and/or other withholding amounts required by law with respect to payments made to Executive or requested by Executive in connection with Executive’s employment hereunder.

13.      Notices. All notices called for hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed effective: (a) when delivered personally; or (b) one (1) day after being sent by Federal Express or a similar nationally recognized commercial overnight courier service addressed to Executive or the Company as described in this Section; or (c) three (3) days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, prepaid and addressed to Executive at Executive’s last known address on the books of the Company, or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the Chairman of the Board of the Company and copy to Dassault Systèmes, at 10, rue Marcel Dassault, 78 140 Vélizy-Villacoublay, France , attention Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer, or to such other address as either party may designate by written notice to the other actually received.

14.          Severability. If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

15.              Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties pertaining to the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous communications, offers, agreements and understandings, whether written or oral, as to the terms and conditions of Executive’s employment except for the CIC Agreement, as modified hereunder, and the Employee Confidentiality, Invention Assignment and Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of July 4, 2000, by and between Executive and the Company (collectively the “ Prior Agreements ”). No supplement or modification to this Agreement shall be binding, and no breach shall be deemed to be waived, unless agreed to in writing by Executive, the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and the Executive Vice President, Chief People & Information Officer of Dassault Systèmes. The Parties acknowledge and agree that Section 12 of the CIC Agreement (Legal Fees to Enforce Rights After a Change in Control) shall continue to apply to the terms and provisions of the CIC Agreement (as modified hereby).

16.              Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same document.

17.          Headings . The paragraph headings in this Agreement are for convenience and reference only and shall not be deemed to alter or affect the construction, interpretation or substance of any provisions hereof.

18.              Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed and construed under the laws of the New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof.

19.          Arbitration.

(a)        Agreement. The Company and Executive agree that, with the exception of claims for injunctive or equitable relief arising under Section 6, 7 or 8 of this Agreement which shall be brought before a court of competent jurisdiction and claims arising under the CIC Agreement (as amended by this Agreement), any dispute or controversy arising out of, relating to, or in connection with this Agreement, or the interpretation, validity, construction, performance, breach, or termination thereof shall be settled by binding arbitration to be held in New York, New York, or such other location agreed by the parties hereto, in accordance with the National Rules for the Resolution of Employment Disputes then in effect of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be conducted by one (1) arbitrator who may grant any relief available under applicable law. Any award by arbitration pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, shall contain findings of fact and conclusions of law and may be entered as a judgment and enforced by any court of competent jurisdiction. In reaching a decision, the arbitrator shall interpret, apply and be bound by the terms of this Agreement and all applicable Company manuals, rules, policies, procedures, and by all applicable federal, state or local laws. The arbitrator shall have no authority to add to, detract from change or modify any law, manual, rule policy or procedure in any respect. Nor shall the arbitrator have authority to consider or decide any matters which are the sole responsibility of the Company in the conduct of its business.

(b)           Waiver of Jury Trial. EXECUTIVE HAS READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE FOREGOING PROVISIONS CONCERNING ARBITRATION AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT BY SIGNING THIS AGREEMENT, EXECUTIVE AGREES TO SUBMIT ANY FUTURE CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT (EXCLUDING CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE CIC AGREEMENT (AS AMENDED BY THIS AGREEMENT), OR THE INTERPRETATION, VALIDITY, CONSTRUCTION, PERFORMANCE, BREACH, OR TERMINATION HEREOF TO BINDING ARBITRATION TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, AND THAT THIS ARBITRATION CLAUSE CONSTITUTES A WAIVER OF EXECUTIVE’S RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL AND RELATES TO THE RESOLUTION OF ALL DISPUTES RELATING TO ALL ASPECTS OF THE EMPLOYER/EXECUTIVE RELATIONSHIP (SUBJECT TO LIMITED EXCEPTIONS DESCRIBED ABOVE), INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE FOLLOWING CLAIMS: (i) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR WRONGFUL DISCHARGE OF EMPLOYMENT; BREACH OF CONTRACT, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; BREACH OF THE COVENANT OF GOOD FAITH AND FAIR DEALING, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL MISREPRESENTATION; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INTERFERENCE WITH CONTRACT OR PROSPECTIVE ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE; LIBEL, AND DEFAMATION; (ii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR VIOLATIONS OF ANY FEDERAL, STATE, OR MUNICIPAL STATUTE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, TITLE VII OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT, THE AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT, THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT, THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT; AND (iii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF ANY OTHER LAWS AND REGULATIONS RELATING TO EMPLOYMENT OR EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FORGOING, THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE ARBITRATION OF CLAIMS ARISING UNDER THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OR THE DODD FRANK ACT.

20.     Claims. Executive agrees that, so long as Executive is receiving all amounts due under this Agreement or any salary continuation, Executive shall not assert any claim of any type in any forum or before any tribunal pursuant to which Executive seeks to have declared unenforceable, in whole or in part, any of the restrictive covenants in Section 8 of this Agreement, or to limit their enforceability in any way.

21. Section 409A. The Parties intend for the payments and benefits under this Agreement to be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“ Section 409A ”) or, if not so exempt, to be paid or provided in a manner which complies with the requirements of such section, and intend that this Agreement shall be construed and administered in accordance with such intention. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, Executive shall not be considered to have terminated employment with the Company for purposes of any payments under this Agreement which are subject to Section 409A until Executive would be considered to have incurred a “separation from service” from the Company within the meaning of Section 409A. Each amount to be paid or benefit to be provided under this Agreement shall be construed as a separate identified payment for purposes of Section 409A. Without limiting the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, to the extent required in order to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, amounts that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided pursuant to this Agreement or any other arrangement between Executive and Company during the six-month period immediately following Executive’s separation from service shall instead be paid on the first business day after the date that is six months following Executive’s separation from service (or, if earlier, Executive’s date of death). To the extent required to avoid an accelerated or additional tax under Section 409A, amounts reimbursable to Executive under this Agreement shall be paid to Executive on or before the last day of the year following the year in which the expense was incurred and the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement (and in kind benefits provided to Executive) during one year may not affect amounts reimbursable or provided in any subsequent year. Notwithstanding anything set forth herein to the contrary, to the extent that any severance amount payable under a plan or agreement that Executive may have a right or entitlement to as of the date of this Agreement constitutes deferred compensation under Section 409A, then to the extent required to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, the portion of the benefits payable hereunder equal to such other amount shall instead be provided in the form set forth in such other plan or agreement. The Company makes no representation that any or all of the payments described in this Agreement will be exempt from or comply with Section 409A and makes no undertaking to preclude Section 409A from applying to any such payment. Executive shall be solely responsible for the payment of any taxes and penalties incurred under Section 409A of the Code.

22.     Condition Precedent. This Agreement shall become null and void in the event that (i) the Transactions are not consummated (and shall terminate upon the termination of the Merger Agreement); (ii) Executive’s employment does not continue with the Company through the Effective Date; or (iii) Executive does not execute and return the 3DS CBC, the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and the Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy prior to the Effective Date.


[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]



WHEREFORE, the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the date and year first above written.

DASSAULT SYSTÈMES SE :
By:
/s/ Bernard Charles
 
Bernard Charles
Its:
Vice-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 


DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP. :
By:
/s/ Bruno Latchague
 
Bruno Latchague
Its:
Chairman
 
 
 
 



MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.:
By:
/s/ Glen M. de Vries
 
Glen M. de Vries
Its:
President and Director

EXECUTIVE:
By:
/s/ Tarek A. Sherif
 
Tarek A. Sherif
 
 




1

EXHIBIT 10.3

EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This Executive Employment Agreement (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of June 11, 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes SE, a societas Europaea (European company) organized under the laws of France (“ Dassault Systèmes ), Medidata Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Rouven Bergmann (the “ Executive ”).

WHEREAS, the Company has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 11, 2019, by and among the Company, Dassault Systèmes, Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Dassault Systèmes (“ DSAC ”) and DS Acquisition 6 Corp, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC (“ Merger Sub ” and, such agreement, the “ Merger Agreement ”), pursuant to which, effective as of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “ Transactions ,” and the date on which the Transactions are consummated, the “ Effective Date ”), Merger Sub shall merge with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC;

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are party to the Executive Change in Control Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2015 (the “ CIC Agreement ”); and
 
WHEREAS, in connection with the Transactions, Dassault Systèmes, DSAC, the Company and Executive (collectively, the “ Parties ”) desire to enter into this Agreement in order to continue Executive’s employment with Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates (as defined below) following the Transactions, and Executive desires to remain in the employ of Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates following the Transactions, subject to the terms and provisions of this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth and other good and valuable consideration, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties agree as follows:

1.
Position & Duties.

(a)      Position. As of the Effective Date, the Company hereby shall continue to employ Executive upon the terms and conditions herein set forth to serve as Chief Operations Officer of the Company, with the mission set forth on Exhibit A , on a full-time basis, reporting to the Executive Vice President of Dassault Systèmes or other senior executive designated by Dassault Systèmes to manage reporting relationships of brand chief executives. During the period commencing on the date first written above and ending on the date that is thirty (30) days thereafter, the Parties shall cooperate in good faith to make such revisions to Exhibit A as may be necessary and desirable to reflect the mission of Executive following the Effective Date. In addition, Executive may be asked from time to time to serve as a director or officer of the Company and/or one or more of the persons and entities directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by management authority, equity interest or otherwise (the “ Affiliates ”), without additional compensation.

(b)      Duties. Executive agrees to perform the duties of Executive’s position and such other duties consistent with his position as may reasonably be assigned to Executive from time to time; provided , however , that Executive shall comply with the limitations to Executive’s powers as provided for in the resolutions of the Company’s charter or by-laws, or the Dassault Systèmes Executive Management Rules as the foregoing may be amended from time to time, and shall not have the authority to take, directly or indirectly, any of the actions set forth in such rules without obtaining the prior written approval of the Dassault Systèmes executive officer designated by such rules. Executive also agrees that, while employed by the Company, Executive shall devote Executive’s full business time and best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge exclusively to the advancement of the business and interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to the discharge of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for them. Executive shall disclose to the Company any outside business activities and the Company reserves the right to refuse Executive’s involvement in such outside business activities if, in the Company’s reasonable judgment, such activities pose a conflict of interest, violate Section 6, Section 7 or Section 8, or otherwise interfere with the performance of Executive’s duties. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, nothing herein shall preclude Executive from (i) serving on the boards of trade associations or charitable organizations, (ii) engaging in charitable activities and community affairs, and (iii) managing Executive’s personal investments and financial affairs.

(c)      Obligations.  Further, as a condition of continued employment, Executive shall be required to sign and return the Dassault Systèmes Code of Business Conduct (the “ 3DS CBC ”), the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy, which are hereby incorporated in this Agreement and are attached hereto as Exhibits B-E , respectively, no later than the Effective Date, and agrees to abide by all of the terms and conditions of any employee policy manual or handbook adopted by the Company, as the same may be amended from time to time in the Company’s sole and absolute discretion.

2. At-Will Employment. Executive and Company agree and acknowledge that Executive’s employment with the Company constitutes “at-will” employment. Executive and the Company acknowledge that this employment relationship may be terminated at any time, upon written notice to the other party, at the option of either the Company or Executive, in accordance with Section 4 hereof.

3. Compensation & Benefits. During Executive’s employment, as compensation for all services performed by Executive for the Company and its Affiliates, the Company shall pay and provide Executive the following:

(a)      Base Salary. The Company shall pay Executive a gross base salary at the rate of Five Hundred Twenty Thousand U.S. Dollars ($520,000) per year, payable in accordance with the regular payroll practices of the Company and subject to annual review (for increase but not decrease to the extent that Executive continues to perform the responsibilities provided in Exhibit A (without limiting Executive’s ability to claim “Good Reason” under prong (3) of the CIC Agreement as modified hereby)), with any adjustment to be in the discretion of the Company (the “ Base Salary ”).

(b)      Performance Bonus Compensation. Executive shall be entitled to a target annual cash bonus opportunity of gross Three Hundred Ninety Thousand U.S. Dollars ($390,000) based on the achievement of such objectives and terms set forth by the Company for each calendar year and subject to the terms and conditions established for payment of such a bonus (the “ Target Performance Bonus ”). The Target Performance Bonus is subject to annual review (for increase but not decrease to the extent that Executive continues to perform the responsibilities provided in Exhibit A (without limiting Executive’s ability to claim “Good Reason” under prong (3) of the CIC Agreement as modified hereby)), with any adjustments to be in the discretion of the Company. Any annual cash bonus to which Executive becomes entitled shall be paid in a single lump-sum cash payment as soon as practicable following the end of the calendar year for which the bonus was earned, but in no event later than the 15th day of the third month following the end of such calendar year.

(c)      Long-Term Incentive Compensation. Executive shall be eligible to receive Dassault Systèmes stock-options or free performance shares upon the formal approval of the Board of Directors of Dassault Systèmes and/or for any long-term incentive compensation plan for which Executive may be selected.

(d)      Participation in Employee Benefit Plans. Executive shall be entitled to participate in all employee benefit plans from time to time in effect for employees of the Company generally, except to the extent such plans are duplicative of benefits otherwise provided Executive under this Agreement . Executive’s participation shall be subject to the terms of the applicable plan documents, as well as generally applicable Company policies, as the same may be amended from time to time.

(e)      Business Expenses. The Company shall pay or reimburse Executive for all reasonable business expenses necessarily incurred or paid by Executive in the performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for the Company, subject to: (i) any maximum annual limit and other restrictions on such expenses set by the Company; and (ii) such other reasonable substantiation and documentation as it may specify from time to time in its sole and absolute discretion. All reimbursements of business expenses hereunder shall be made no later than December 31 of the year following the year in which Executive incurs the expense. In no event shall the amount of the business expenses eligible for reimbursement in one calendar year affect the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement in any other calendar year. Executive’s right to reimbursement shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.

(f)      Vacations. Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation on the same basis as applied under the vacation policy of the Company as in effect prior to the Effective Date, in addition to holidays observed by the Company. Vacation may be taken at such times and intervals as Executive shall reasonably determine, subject to the business needs of the Company.

(g)      Indemnification; D&O Insurance. The Company shall cover Executive under the Company’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies on a basis no less favorable than provided to similar level executives of the Company and its Affiliates.

4. Termination of Employment. Without altering the “at will” nature of the employment relationship between the Company and Executive, it is understood that Executive’s employment hereunder may be terminated as provided in this Section 4:

(a)      By the Company. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment either with Cause or without Cause.

(i)      During the “Protected Period” (as defined in Section 5(b) of this Agreement), the Company may terminate Executive’s employment with or without “Cause,” as defined in, and in accordance with the terms of, the CIC Agreement and without regard to the provisions of this Agreement.

(ii)      Following the Protected Period, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment for Cause upon written notice to Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of the Cause. The following, as determined by the Company in its reasonable judgment, shall constitute “ Cause ” for termination following the Protected Period:

(1)
Executive’s willful failure to perform, or serious negligence in the performance of, Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates; or

(2)
any other breach of any material provision of this Agreement or the 3DS CBC by Executive including, but not limited to, Section 8 of this Agreement; or

(3)
the commission of fraud, embezzlement, theft or other dishonesty with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates by Executive; or

(4)
the conviction of, or plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony or other crime involving moral turpitude; or

(5)
the ownership, direct or indirect, of an interest in a person or entity (other than a minority interest in a publicly traded company) in competition with the Company or its Affiliates as provided in Section 8 below; or

(6)
any other negligent conduct by Executive that could be reasonably anticipated to be materially harmful to the business, interests or reputation of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of clauses (1) and (6) above, no “Cause” will have occurred unless and until the Company has provided Executive with written notice of the circumstances setting forth the elements of “Cause” in reasonable detail and an opportunity to cure such finding of “Cause” within 15 business days after Executive’s receipt of such notice.

(iii)      Following the Protected Period, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment at any time other than for Cause upon thirty (30) days advance written notice to Executive. The Company, at its sole discretion, may waive any requirement that Executive work during the notice period, or any portion therefore, and, in such case, shall provide Executive with pay in lieu of the thirty (30)-day notice period or any portion of such period during which Executive is not required to work.

(b)      By Executive. Executive may terminate Executive’s employment during the Protected Period with or without “Good Reason” (as defined in the CIC Agreement, and as amended by Section 5(b)(ii) of this Agreement). Executive may terminate Executive’s employment following the Protected Period for any reason. In the event that Executive terminates Executive’s employment during the Protected Period without Good Reason or, following the Protected Period, for any reason, Executive shall provide thirty (30) days advance written notice to the Company. The Company, at its sole discretion, may waive any requirement that Executive work during the notice period.

(c) Termination of Employment due to Death or Disability. This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of Executive’s death during employment. In the event Executive becomes disabled during employment through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature and, as a result, is unable to continue to reasonably perform at Executive’s business site substantially all of Executive’s duties and responsibilities under this Agreement for ninety (90) days during any period of three hundred sixty five (365) consecutive calendar days, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment, subject to applicable laws, upon notice to Executive. Executive’s entitlement to salary or other payments, if any, during the period of disability shall be determined in accordance with the then-existing policies and practices of the Company. If any question shall arise as to whether Executive is disabled then, to the extent that Executive is unable to perform substantially all of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for the Company and its Affiliates, Executive shall, at the Company’s request, submit to a medical examination by a physician selected by the Company to whom Executive or Executive’s guardian, if any, has no reasonable objection to determine whether Executive is so disabled and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive of the issue. If such a question arises and Executive fails, refuses or neglects to submit to the requested medical examination, the Company’s determination of the issue shall be binding on Executive.

(d) Further Acts. Upon any termination of Executive’s employment under this Agreement, Executive shall promptly deliver to the Company (i) written resignations confirming Executive’s resignation as an employee, officer and director of the Company and any of its Affiliates and (ii) all documents, data, records and other information pertaining to Executive’s employment or any Confidential Information (as defined below) or Intellectual Property (as defined below), and Executive shall not take with Executive any documents or data, or any reproduction or excerpt of any documents or data, containing or pertaining to Executive’s employment or any Confidential Information (as defined below) or Intellectual Property (as defined below).

5.      Severance Payment and Other Matters Related to Termination.

(a) Accrued Obligations. In the event of termination of Executive’s employment with the Company, howsoever occurring, the Company shall pay Executive any Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination; pay for any vacation accrued (in accordance with the Company’s vacation policy) but not used to that date; and provide reimbursement for any outstanding business expenses Executive incurred in accordance with this Agreement, subject to Executive’s submission of those expenses and required substantiation and documentation within thirty (30) days following the date of termination (the “ Accrued Obligations ”). All Accrued Obligations shall be paid as soon as practicable following Executive’s termination of employment, but in no event later than sixty (60) days following such termination.

(b) Protected Period Termination of Employment by the Company without Cause or by Executive with Good Reason; Certain Acknowledgments.

(i)      The Parties acknowledge and agree that, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the first anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Protected Period ”), Executive shall remain eligible to receive a severance benefit in accordance with the terms of the CIC Agreement. The release of claims contemplated by Section 7 (Release of Claims) and 16(d) (Compliance with Section 409A) of the CIC Agreement (the “ Release Condition ”) is attached hereto as Exhibit F (the “ Executive Release ”).

(ii)      Executive acknowledges and agrees that:

(1)     the following shall replace prong (1) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a material diminution by the Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s duties or responsibilities in a manner which is inconsistent with Executive’s position as the principal operations officer of the Company as a business unit of Dassault Systèmes (it being understood that (A) a change to Executive’s duties or responsibilities as a result of the Company no longer being a publicly-traded entity or Executive no longer reporting to or interacting with the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or the Boards of Directors of the Company or Dassault Systèmes is not Good Reason and (B) a change in Executive’s title from that of Chief Operations Officer or designation as an officer of the Company (which does not also result in a diminution in duties or responsibilities) shall not, by itself, constitute Good Reason so long as such change was initiated or approved solely by or solely at the direction of Tarek Sherif)”;

(2)     the following shall replace prong (3) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a reduction by Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s rate of salary or annual cash-based incentive opportunity or a breach by Company or any of its Affiliates of a material provision of the Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of June 11, 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes, Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., the Company and Executive (the “ Employment Agreement ”), the Retention Bonus Letter Agreement, dated as of June 11, 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes and Executive, or this Agreement (as amended by the Employment Agreement)”;

(3)     the CIC Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect as of the day immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date except to the extent that, following the Protected Period, there are any unsatisfied obligations incurred as a result of Executive’s termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by this Section 5(b)(ii)) during the Protected Period;

(4)     for purposes of any equity- or equity-based award granted by the Company prior to the Effective Date and that is converted into a Dassault Systèmes restricted stock unit in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement (the “ Converted Equity Awards ”), Executive’s Converted Equity Awards shall vest upon a termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by the Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by this Section 5(b)(ii), or in the applicable Company equity plan or award agreement thereunder), in either case, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the second anniversary of the Effective Date, and, subject to the Release Condition, shall be settled as soon as administratively practicable following such termination of employment and, in any event, no later than March 15 of the year following the year in which such termination of employment occurs;

(5)     notwithstanding any provision of the CIC Agreement to the contrary, the obligation of the Company or its Affiliates to provide severance benefits under the CIC Agreement is conditioned upon continued full performance of obligations under Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement; and

(6)     the consummation of the Transaction and the changes to Executive’s compensation, benefits, authorities, duties, or responsibilities set forth in this Agreement shall not by itself constitute, or be deemed to constitute, a “good reason” under any plan or agreement entered into with or sponsored by the Company or any of its Affiliates which contain such terms or any substantially similar terms. Further, Executive acknowledges and agrees to the treatment of Executive’s equity- and equity-based awards in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.

(c) Termination of Employment by the Company without Cause Following the Protected Period. In the event that the Company terminates the employment of Executive without Cause following the Protected Period, the Company shall pay to Executive the Accrued Obligations and, if applicable, pay in lieu of notice in accordance with Section 4(a)(iii) of this Agreement.

(d) Termination of Employment by the Company for Cause; Termination of Employment by Reason of Death or Disability. In the event this Agreement is terminated (i) by reason of Executive’s death or disability in accordance with Section 4(c) of this Agreement or (ii) by the Company for Cause in accordance with Section 4(a)(i)-(ii) of this Agreement, the Company shall pay to Executive (or Executive’s designated beneficiary or estate, as the case may be) the Accrued Obligations.

(e) Termination of Employment by Executive without Good Reason During the Protected Period and For Any Reason Following the Protected Period. In the event that this Agreement is terminated by reason of Executive’s resignation of employment other than for Good Reason during the Protected Period or for any reason following the Protected Period, the Company shall pay to Executive the Accrued Obligations.

(f) Except for any right Executive may have under the federal law known as “COBRA” to continue participation in the Company’s group health and dental plans at Executive’s cost or as may be provided in the CIC Agreement, Executive’s benefits and participation in incentive, bonus or other compensation plans and stock option plans shall terminate in accordance with the terms of the applicable plans based on the date of termination of Executive’s employment.

(e)     The provisions of this Agreement shall survive any termination if so provided in this Agreement or if necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including without limitation Executive’s obligations under Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement. Upon termination by either Executive or the Company, all rights, duties and obligations of Executive and the Company to each other shall cease, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or applicable law.

6.     Confidentiality.

(a) For purposes of this Agreement, Confidential Information means any and all information of the Company or any of its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, or that is obtained with any understanding, express or implied, that it shall not be disclosed. Confidential Information shall include, without limitation and in whatever form , information concerning the Company’s business and strategic plans and opportunities, finances and financial statements, identity of the customers, suppliers and vendors, prices and pricing policies, contract rights and obligations, trade secret, know-how, new products and service ideas and structures, employees and their compensation and benefit plans, policies and procedures, and other information regarding the Company’s business and affairs (collectively the “ Confidential Information ”). Confidential Information does not include information that enters the public domain, other than through a breach by Executive or any other Person (as defined below) of an obligation of confidentiality owed to the Company or any of its Affiliates. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Person ” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, estate, trust or any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(b) Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information; that Executive shall develop Confidential Information for the Company and/or its Affiliates; and that Executive shall learn of Confidential Information during the course of Executive’s employment. Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall not disclose to any Person or use, directly or indirectly, for Executive’s own benefit or for the benefit of others, other than as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and/or its Affiliates, any Confidential Information obtained or developed by Executive in connection with, incident to or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. Executive shall not make accessible to any Person any documents which may contain or be derived from Confidential Information, or assist any Person in so doing. Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after Executive’s employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination.

(c) Executive shall not disclose to the Company or any of its Affiliates, or use in connection with or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or induce the Company or any of its Affiliates to use, any information or documentation obtained from any Person, in a manner that would breach any agreement or obligation owed by Executive or the Company or any of its Affiliates to that Person .

(d) Executive agrees, upon request by the Company, to promptly return all Confidential Information which has been furnished to him and all copies thereof. Executive further agrees that Executive shall, upon request from the Company, destroy all material, notes and other work product in Executive’s possession and/or control related in any way to the Confidential Information.

7 .     Intellectual Property Rights.
(a) For purposes of this Agreement, “ Intellectual Property ” means the following items of intangible and tangible property:
i. Patents, whether in the form of utility patents or design patents and all pending applications for such patents;

ii. Trademarks, trade names, service marks, design, logos, and trade dress, whether or not registered, and all pending applications of registration of the same;

iii. Copyright or other works of authorship including documentation, specifications, preparatory works, flow-charts, programmer notes, updates, data, data bases, architecture of the code, software programs (in source and object formats), articles and publications, whether or not registered or registerable, and all pending applications for registration of the same;

iv. Inventions, improvements, research records, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, concepts and ideas, know-how, trade secrets, confidential information, product designs, engineering specifications and drawings, technical information, formulae, customer lists, supplier lists and market analyses; and

v. Semiconductor chip designs, whether or not registered as mask works or topographies.

(b) To the extent permitted by applicable law, Executive hereby assigns, and agrees to assign by way of future assignment, to the Company full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by him (whether alone or with others) during the term of Executive’s employment with the Company, which is in any way connected to the products or services of the Company or its Affiliates, including those products or services contemplated in a plan under consideration by the Company or its Affiliates, regardless of whether the Intellectual Property was made or acquired (i) during business hours, (ii) at the premises of the Company, (iii) with the assistance of material supplied by the Company or (iv) at the request of the Company ( “Executive Intellectual Property” ).
(c) Executive hereby confirms that Executive has transferred in whole to the Company all of Executive’s rights, title and interest in any and all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by Executive (whether alone or with others) while being employed by the Company which is currently being used or contemplated to be used by the Company on the date hereof.
(d) In furtherance of the foregoing Sections 7 (a) through 7 (c), Executive agrees that all fruits of Executive’s work in connection with the business of the Company or its Affiliates, including all Executive Intellectual Property, shall be wholly-owned by the Company, and the Company shall be entitled to deal therewith as it desires and file the rights related to said Executive Intellectual Property in its name or in the name of its Affiliates. The duty of confidentiality in Section 6 shall also apply to any such rights related to Executive Intellectual Property.
(e) Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Executive Intellectual property to the Company. Upon request, Executive shall execute any document and instrument required to vest in the Company or its Affiliates complete title and ownership of any Executive Intellectual Property. Executive shall, at the request of the Company, execute any necessary instrument to obtain legal protection in domestic and foreign countries for Executive Intellectual Property and for the purposes of enforcing rights related to Executive Intellectual Property, all at the Company’s expense and without any additional compensation of any kind to Executive. Executive irrevocably appoints the Company as Executive’s attorney-in-fact in Executive’s name and on Executive’s behalf to execute all documents and do all things required in order to give full effect to the provisions of this Section.
(f) Intellectual Property of Others . Executive shall not use, disclose to the Company, or induce the Company to use, during Executive’s employment with the Company any Intellectual Property (i) belonging to any other Person, in breach of any contractual or legal obligation to such Person, and/or (ii) created prior to Executive employment relationship with the Company and/or its Affiliates for which Executive could claim a right.
8.     Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring .

(a) Non-Competition. Executive agrees that during his employment with the Company and for the period of twelve (12) months following the date of termination of his employment (together with the period of his employment, the Non-Competition Period ”) he will not, directly or indirectly, on his own behalf or on behalf of or in connection with any Person, whether as employee, owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, manager, officer, director, co-venturer or in any other position of responsibility and/or influence, engage in any manner in any activity that is in direct or indirect competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates as conducted or under consideration at any time during Executive’s employment, including any business or entity that is involved with the design, development, distribution, license, sale and support of life-science-related applications, solutions or services (collectively the “ Company and Affiliates Products and Services ”) in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Korea, Singapore and Japan (the “Non-Competition Area” ). Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(a) , Executive shall not be considered to be competing with the Company and/or its Affiliates with respect to any such business of DSAC or its Affiliates (other than the Company) as to which Executive had no role or responsibilities and has not been in possession of Confidential Information.
  
For purposes of clarity, but without limiting the foregoing, the following companies engage in business activities that are in competition with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services and Executive agrees not to accept employment with these companies or their respective successors and assigns during the Non-Competition Period in the Non-Competition Area: Siemens PLM, PTC, Autodesk, SAP, Oracle, Microsoft, IBM, Alphabet, Salesforce, Parexel, BioClinica, CRF Health, YPrime, Kayentis, Veeva, IQVIA, ERT. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive shall not be prevented from accepting employment with Alphabet, Salesforce, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Siemens and SAP so long as Executive (i) is not directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, engaged in business activities that are competitive with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services, and (ii) does not directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, work for a business unit that is, directly or indirectly, competitive with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services.

For the avoidance of doubt, Executive shall be in breach of this Section if he engages in activities that are in competition with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services during the Non-Competition Period in the Non-Competition Area, even if Executive’s residence or place of work is not within the Non-Competition Area. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than five per cent (5%) (including both shares held by Executive and those held by any Person acting jointly or in concert with Executive) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation, in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates, the shares of which are listed on a recognized stock exchange or an organized securities market; and provided further that Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than one per cent (1%) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation effecting venture capital investments in businesses in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(b)      Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring. Executive agrees that during the Non-Competition Period, Executive shall not, directly or through any other Person, (i) hire or attempt to hire, or solicit or try to solicit for employment or engagement, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates, (ii) encourage or induce, or attempt to encourage or induce, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue his or her employment with, or services for, the Company or its Affiliates, as applicable, or use his or her services for any means other than for the benefit of the Company or its Affiliates, (iii) solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (iv) seek to solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person to conduct with anyone else any business or activity that such Covered Person conducted, conducts or could conduct with the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided , that Executive may hire or attempt to hire any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates with prior written approval from Dassault Systèmes Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer.
For purposes of this Section 8(b), “ Covered Person ” means (x) any Person that is or was a customer, client, investor, vendor or supplier of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (y) any prospective customer, client, vendor or supplier of the Company or its Affiliates.
(c)      Acknowledgments of Executive. Executive recognizes and agrees that Executive’s services are special and unique and that the level of compensation and the provisions herein for compensation and other benefits are partly in consideration of and conditioned upon Executive’s not competing with the Company or any of its Affiliates in violation of this Agreement, and that Executive’s covenant not to compete or solicit as set forth in this Section during and after employment is essential to protect the business and good will of the Company. Executive agrees that the Company and its Affiliates would suffer an irreparable injury if Executive were to breach any of the covenants contained in Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of the Agreement. Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, would by reason of such breach or threatened breach be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief in a court of appropriate jurisdiction without having to post bond, and Executive hereby stipulates to the entering of such injunctive relief prohibiting Executive from engaging in such breach. In signing this Agreement, Executive gives the Company assurance that Executive has carefully read, understood and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed on Executive under this Section. Executive agrees without reservation that these restraints are necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the Company and its Affiliates and that each and every one of the restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, scope, length of time and geographic area. Executive and the Company further agree that, in the event that any provision of this Section 8 is determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area, too great a range of activities or for any other reason, that such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. It is also agreed that each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of Executive’s obligations to that Subsidiary, as applicable, under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to this Section 8.
9.     Permitted Disclosures . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b), Executive will not be held criminally or civilly liable under any Federal or State trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret of the Company that (a) is made (i) in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to Executive’s attorney and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (b) is made in a complaint or other document that is filed under seal in a lawsuit or other proceeding. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if Executive files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Executive may disclose the trade secret to Executive’s attorney and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding if Executive (I) files any document containing the trade secret under seal and (II) does not disclose the trade secret except pursuant to court order. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to conflict with 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b) or create liability for disclosures of trade secrets that are expressly allowed by such section. Further, nothing in any agreement Executive has with the Company shall prohibit or restrict Executive from making any voluntary disclosure of information or documents related to any violation of law to any governmental agency or legislative body, or any self-regulatory organization, in each case, without advance notice to the Company.

10.     Conflicting Agreements . Executive hereby represents and warrants that the signing of this Agreement and the performance of Executive’s obligations under it shall not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which Executive is a party or by which Executive is bound b y and that Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any court order that could affect the performance of Executive’s obligations under this Agreement.

11.     Assignment. Neither Executive nor the Company may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest in it, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without Executive’s consent to any firm, corporation or other business entity with whom the Company shall hereafter effect a reorganization, consolidate with, or merge into or to whom it transfers, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of its assets or business (the “ Successor ”). Any such Successor of the Company shall be deemed substituted for the Company under the terms of this Agreement for all purposes. Following the assignment of this Agreement to a Successor, the Company shall be released from its obligations hereunder and such Successor shall be liable for all of the Company’s obligations hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of: (a) the heirs, beneficiaries, executors and legal representatives of Executive upon Executive’s death; and (b) any Successor of the Company.

12.      Withholding. The Company shall be entitled to withhold, or cause to be withheld, any amount of federal, state, city taxes and/or other withholding amounts required by law with respect to payments made to Executive or requested by Executive in connection with Executive’s employment hereunder.

13.      Notices. All notices called for hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed effective: (a) when delivered personally; or (b) one (1) day after being sent by Federal Express or a similar nationally recognized commercial overnight courier service addressed to Executive or the Company as described in this Section; or (c) three (3) days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, prepaid and addressed to Executive at Executive’s last known address on the books of the Company, or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the Chairman of the Board of the Company and copy to Dassault Systèmes, at 10, rue Marcel Dassault, 78 140 Vélizy-Villacoublay, France , attention Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer, or to such other address as either party may designate by written notice to the other actually received.

14.          Severability. If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

15.              Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties pertaining to the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous communications, offers, agreements and understandings, whether written or oral, as to the terms and conditions of Executive’s employment except for the CIC Agreement, as modified hereunder, and the Employee Confidentiality, Invention Assignment and Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of May 12, 2015, by and between Executive and the Company (collectively the “ Prior Agreements ”). No supplement or modification to this Agreement shall be binding, and no breach shall be deemed to be waived, unless agreed to in writing by Executive, the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and the Executive Vice President, Chief People & Information Officer of Dassault Systèmes. The Parties acknowledge and agree that Section 12 of the CIC Agreement (Legal Fees to Enforce Rights After a Change in Control) shall continue to apply to the terms and provisions of the CIC Agreement (as modified hereby).

16.              Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same document.

17.          Headings . The paragraph headings in this Agreement are for convenience and reference only and shall not be deemed to alter or affect the construction, interpretation or substance of any provisions hereof.

18.              Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed and construed under the laws of the New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof.

19.          Arbitration.

(a)        Agreement. The Company and Executive agree that, with the exception of claims for injunctive or equitable relief arising under Section 6, 7 or 8 of this Agreement which shall be brought before a court of competent jurisdiction and claims arising under the CIC Agreement (as amended by this Agreement), any dispute or controversy arising out of, relating to, or in connection with this Agreement, or the interpretation, validity, construction, performance, breach, or termination thereof shall be settled by binding arbitration to be held in New York, New York, or such other location agreed by the parties hereto, in accordance with the National Rules for the Resolution of Employment Disputes then in effect of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be conducted by one (1) arbitrator who may grant any relief available under applicable law. Any award by arbitration pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, shall contain findings of fact and conclusions of law and may be entered as a judgment and enforced by any court of competent jurisdiction. In reaching a decision, the arbitrator shall interpret, apply and be bound by the terms of this Agreement and all applicable Company manuals, rules, policies, procedures, and by all applicable federal, state or local laws. The arbitrator shall have no authority to add to, detract from change or modify any law, manual, rule policy or procedure in any respect. Nor shall the arbitrator have authority to consider or decide any matters which are the sole responsibility of the Company in the conduct of its business.

(b)           Waiver of Jury Trial. EXECUTIVE HAS READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE FOREGOING PROVISIONS CONCERNING ARBITRATION AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT BY SIGNING THIS AGREEMENT, EXECUTIVE AGREES TO SUBMIT ANY FUTURE CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT (EXCLUDING CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE CIC AGREEMENT (AS AMENDED BY THIS AGREEMENT), OR THE INTERPRETATION, VALIDITY, CONSTRUCTION, PERFORMANCE, BREACH, OR TERMINATION HEREOF TO BINDING ARBITRATION TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, AND THAT THIS ARBITRATION CLAUSE CONSTITUTES A WAIVER OF EXECUTIVE’S RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL AND RELATES TO THE RESOLUTION OF ALL DISPUTES RELATING TO ALL ASPECTS OF THE EMPLOYER/EXECUTIVE RELATIONSHIP (SUBJECT TO LIMITED EXCEPTIONS DESCRIBED ABOVE), INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE FOLLOWING CLAIMS: (i) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR WRONGFUL DISCHARGE OF EMPLOYMENT; BREACH OF CONTRACT, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; BREACH OF THE COVENANT OF GOOD FAITH AND FAIR DEALING, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL MISREPRESENTATION; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INTERFERENCE WITH CONTRACT OR PROSPECTIVE ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE; LIBEL, AND DEFAMATION; (ii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR VIOLATIONS OF ANY FEDERAL, STATE, OR MUNICIPAL STATUTE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, TITLE VII OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT, THE AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT, THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT, THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT; AND (iii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF ANY OTHER LAWS AND REGULATIONS RELATING TO EMPLOYMENT OR EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FORGOING, THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE ARBITRATION OF CLAIMS ARISING UNDER THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OR THE DODD FRANK ACT.

20.     Claims. Executive agrees that, so long as Executive is receiving all amounts due under this Agreement or any salary continuation, Executive shall not assert any claim of any type in any forum or before any tribunal pursuant to which Executive seeks to have declared unenforceable, in whole or in part, any of the restrictive covenants in Section 8 of this Agreement, or to limit their enforceability in any way.

21.     Section 409A. The Parties intend for the payments and benefits under this Agreement to be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“ Section 409A ”) or, if not so exempt, to be paid or provided in a manner which complies with the requirements of such section, and intend that this Agreement shall be construed and administered in accordance with such intention. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, Executive shall not be considered to have terminated employment with the Company for purposes of any payments under this Agreement which are subject to Section 409A until Executive would be considered to have incurred a “separation from service” from the Company within the meaning of Section 409A. Each amount to be paid or benefit to be provided under this Agreement shall be construed as a separate identified payment for purposes of Section 409A. Without limiting the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, to the extent required in order to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, amounts that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided pursuant to this Agreement or any other arrangement between Executive and Company during the six-month period immediately following Executive’s separation from service shall instead be paid on the first business day after the date that is six months following Executive’s separation from service (or, if earlier, Executive’s date of death). To the extent required to avoid an accelerated or additional tax under Section 409A, amounts reimbursable to Executive under this Agreement shall be paid to Executive on or before the last day of the year following the year in which the expense was incurred and the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement (and in kind benefits provided to Executive) during one year may not affect amounts reimbursable or provided in any subsequent year. Notwithstanding anything set forth herein to the contrary, to the extent that any severance amount payable under a plan or agreement that Executive may have a right or entitlement to as of the date of this Agreement constitutes deferred compensation under Section 409A, then to the extent required to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, the portion of the benefits payable hereunder equal to such other amount shall instead be provided in the form set forth in such other plan or agreement. The Company makes no representation that any or all of the payments described in this Agreement will be exempt from or comply with Section 409A and makes no undertaking to preclude Section 409A from applying to any such payment. Executive shall be solely responsible for the payment of any taxes and penalties incurred under Section 409A of the Code.

22.     Condition Precedent. This Agreement shall become null and void in the event that (i) the Transactions are not consummated (and shall terminate upon the termination of the Merger Agreement); (ii) Executive’s employment does not continue with the Company through the Effective Date; or (iii) Executive does not execute and return the 3DS CBC, the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and the Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy prior to the Effective Date.


[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]




WHEREFORE, the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the date and year first above written.

DASSAULT SYSTÈMES SE :
By:
/s/ Bernard Charles
 
Bernard Charles
Its:
Vice-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 


DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP. :
By:
/s/ Bruno Latchague
 
Bruno Latchague
Its:
Chairman
 
 
 
 



MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.:
By:
/s/ Tarek A. Sherif
 
Tarek A. Sherif
Its:
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

EXECUTIVE:
By:
/s/ Rouven Bergmann
 
Rouven Bergmann
 
 


1

EXHIBIT 10.4

EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This Executive Employment Agreement (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of June 11, 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes SE, a societas Europaea (European company) organized under the laws of France (“ Dassault Systèmes ), Medidata Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Glen de Vries (the “ Executive ”).

WHEREAS, the Company has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 11, 2019, by and among the Company, Dassault Systèmes, Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Dassault Systèmes (“ DSAC ”) and DS Acquisition 6 Corp, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC (“ Merger Sub ” and, such agreement, the “ Merger Agreement ”), pursuant to which, effective as of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “ Transactions ,” and the date on which the Transactions are consummated, the “ Effective Date ”), Merger Sub shall merge with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC;

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are party to the Amended and Restated Executive Change in Control Agreement, dated as of August 9, 2016 (the “ CIC Agreement ”); and
 
WHEREAS, in connection with the Transactions, Dassault Systèmes, DSAC, the Company and Executive (collectively, the “ Parties ”) desire to enter into this Agreement in order to continue Executive’s employment with Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates (as defined below) following the Transactions, and Executive desires to remain in the employ of Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates following the Transactions, subject to the terms and provisions of this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth and other good and valuable consideration, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties agree as follows:

1.
Position & Duties.

(a)      Position. As of the Effective Date, the Company hereby shall continue to employ Executive upon the terms and conditions herein set forth to serve as Chief Technology Officer of the Company, with the mission set forth on Exhibit A , on a full-time basis, reporting to the Executive Vice President of Dassault Systèmes or other senior executive designated by Dassault Systèmes to manage reporting relationships of brand chief executives. During the period commencing on the date first written above and ending on the date that is thirty (30) days thereafter, the Parties shall cooperate in good faith to develop Executive’s mission set forth on Exhibit A. In addition, Executive may be asked from time to time to serve as a director or officer of the Company and/or one or more of the persons and entities directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by management authority, equity interest or otherwise (the “ Affiliates ”), without additional compensation.

(b)      Duties. Executive agrees to perform the duties of Executive’s position and such other duties consistent with his position as may reasonably be assigned to Executive from time to time; provided , however , that Executive shall comply with the limitations to Executive’s powers as provided for in the resolutions of the Company’s charter or by-laws, or the Dassault Systèmes Executive Management Rules as the foregoing may be amended from time to time, and shall not have the authority to take, directly or indirectly, any of the actions set forth in such rules without obtaining the prior written approval of the Dassault Systèmes executive officer designated by such rules. Executive also agrees that, while employed by the Company, Executive shall devote Executive’s full business time and best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge exclusively to the advancement of the business and interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to the discharge of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for them. Executive shall disclose to the Company any outside business activities and the Company reserves the right to refuse Executive’s involvement in such outside business activities if, in the Company’s reasonable judgment, such activities pose a conflict of interest, violate Section 6, Section 7 or Section 8, or otherwise interfere with the performance of Executive’s duties. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, nothing herein shall preclude Executive from (i) serving on the boards of trade associations or charitable organizations, (ii) engaging in charitable activities and community affairs, and (iii) managing Executive’s personal investments and financial affairs.

(c)      Obligations.  Further, as a condition of continued employment, Executive shall be required to sign and return the Dassault Systèmes Code of Business Conduct (the “ 3DS CBC ”), the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy, which are hereby incorporated in this Agreement and are attached hereto as Exhibits B-E , respectively, no later than the Effective Date, and agrees to abide by all of the terms and conditions of any employee policy manual or handbook adopted by the Company, as the same may be amended from time to time in the Company’s sole and absolute discretion.

2. At-Will Employment. Executive and Company agree and acknowledge that Executive’s employment with the Company constitutes “at-will” employment. Executive and the Company acknowledge that this employment relationship may be terminated at any time, upon written notice to the other party, at the option of either the Company or Executive, in accordance with Section 4 hereof.

3. Compensation & Benefits. During Executive’s employment, as compensation for all services performed by Executive for the Company and its Affiliates, the Company shall pay and provide Executive the following:

(a)      Base Salary. The Company shall pay Executive a gross base salary at the rate of Six Hundred Thirty Nine Thousand Six Hundred U.S. Dollars ($639,600) per year, payable in accordance with the regular payroll practices of the Company and subject to annual review (for increase but not decrease to the extent that Executive continues to perform the responsibilities provided in Exhibit A (without limiting Executive’s ability to claim “Good Reason” under prong (3) of the CIC Agreement as modified hereby)), with any adjustment to be in the discretion of the Company (the “ Base Salary ”).

(b)      Performance Bonus Compensation. Executive shall be entitled to a target annual cash bonus opportunity of gross Six Hundred Thirty Nine Thousand Six Hundred U.S. Dollars ($639,600) based on the achievement of such objectives and terms set forth by the Company for each calendar year and subject to the terms and conditions established for payment of such a bonus (the “ Target Performance Bonus ”). The Target Performance Bonus is subject to annual review (for increase but not decrease to the extent that Executive continues to perform the responsibilities provided in Exhibit A (without limiting Executive’s ability to claim “Good Reason” under prong (3) of the CIC Agreement as modified hereby)), with any adjustments to be in the discretion of the Company. Any annual cash bonus to which Executive becomes entitled shall be paid in a single lump-sum cash payment as soon as practicable following the end of the calendar year for which the bonus was earned, but in no event later than the 15th day of the third month following the end of such calendar year.

(c)      Long-Term Incentive Compensation. Executive shall be eligible to receive Dassault Systèmes stock-options or free performance shares upon the formal approval of the Board of Directors of Dassault Systèmes and/or for any long-term incentive compensation plan for which Executive may be selected.

(d)      Participation in Employee Benefit Plans. Executive shall be entitled to participate in all employee benefit plans from time to time in effect for employees of the Company generally, except to the extent such plans are duplicative of benefits otherwise provided Executive under this Agreement . Executive’s participation shall be subject to the terms of the applicable plan documents, as well as generally applicable Company policies, as the same may be amended from time to time.

(e)      Business Expenses. The Company shall pay or reimburse Executive for all reasonable business expenses necessarily incurred or paid by Executive in the performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for the Company, subject to: (i) any maximum annual limit and other restrictions on such expenses set by the Company; and (ii) such other reasonable substantiation and documentation as it may specify from time to time in its sole and absolute discretion. All reimbursements of business expenses hereunder shall be made no later than December 31 of the year following the year in which Executive incurs the expense. In no event shall the amount of the business expenses eligible for reimbursement in one calendar year affect the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement in any other calendar year. Executive’s right to reimbursement shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.

(f)      Vacations. Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation on the same basis as applied under the vacation policy of the Company as in effect prior to the Effective Date, in addition to holidays observed by the Company. Vacation may be taken at such times and intervals as Executive shall reasonably determine, subject to the business needs of the Company.

(g)      Indemnification; D&O Insurance. The Company shall cover Executive under the Company’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies on a basis no less favorable than provided to similar level executives of the Company and its Affiliates.

4. Termination of Employment. Without altering the “at will” nature of the employment relationship between the Company and Executive, it is understood that Executive’s employment hereunder may be terminated as provided in this Section 4:

(a)      By the Company. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment either with Cause or without Cause.

(i)      During the “Protected Period” (as defined in Section 5(b) of this Agreement), the Company may terminate Executive’s employment with or without “Cause,” as defined in, and in accordance with the terms of, the CIC Agreement and without regard to the provisions of this Agreement.

(ii)      Following the Protected Period, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment for Cause upon written notice to Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of the Cause. The following, as determined by the Company in its reasonable judgment, shall constitute “ Cause ” for termination following the Protected Period:

(1)
Executive’s willful failure to perform, or serious negligence in the performance of, Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates; or

(2)
any other breach of any material provision of this Agreement or the 3DS CBC by Executive including, but not limited to, Section 8 of this Agreement; or

(3)
the commission of fraud, embezzlement, theft or other dishonesty with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates by Executive; or

(4)
the conviction of, or plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony or other crime involving moral turpitude; or

(5)
the ownership, direct or indirect, of an interest in a person or entity (other than a minority interest in a publicly traded company) in competition with the Company or its Affiliates as provided in Section 8 below; or

(6)
any other negligent conduct by Executive that could be reasonably anticipated to be materially harmful to the business, interests or reputation of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of clauses (1) and (6) above, no “Cause” will have occurred unless and until the Company has provided Executive with written notice of the circumstances setting forth the elements of “Cause” in reasonable detail and an opportunity to cure such finding of “Cause” within 15 business days after Executive’s receipt of such notice.

(iii)      Following the Protected Period, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment at any time other than for Cause upon thirty (30) days advance written notice to Executive. The Company, at its sole discretion, may waive any requirement that Executive work during the notice period, or any portion therefore, and, in such case, shall provide Executive with pay in lieu of the thirty (30)-day notice period or any portion of such period during which Executive is not required to work.

(b)      By Executive. Executive may terminate Executive’s employment during the Protected Period with or without “Good Reason” (as defined in the CIC Agreement, and as amended by Section 5(b)(ii) of this Agreement). Executive may terminate Executive’s employment following the Protected Period for any reason. In the event that Executive terminates Executive’s employment during the Protected Period without Good Reason or, following the Protected Period, for any reason, Executive shall provide thirty (30) days advance written notice to the Company. The Company, at its sole discretion, may waive any requirement that Executive work during the notice period.

(c) Termination of Employment due to Death or Disability. This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of Executive’s death during employment. In the event Executive becomes disabled during employment through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature and, as a result, is unable to continue to reasonably perform at Executive’s business site substantially all of Executive’s duties and responsibilities under this Agreement for ninety (90) days during any period of three hundred sixty five (365) consecutive calendar days, the Company may terminate Executive’s employment, subject to applicable laws, upon notice to Executive. Executive’s entitlement to salary or other payments, if any, during the period of disability shall be determined in accordance with the then-existing policies and practices of the Company. If any question shall arise as to whether Executive is disabled then, to the extent that Executive is unable to perform substantially all of Executive’s duties and responsibilities for the Company and its Affiliates, Executive shall, at the Company’s request, submit to a medical examination by a physician selected by the Company to whom Executive or Executive’s guardian, if any, has no reasonable objection to determine whether Executive is so disabled and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive of the issue. If such a question arises and Executive fails, refuses or neglects to submit to the requested medical examination, the Company’s determination of the issue shall be binding on Executive.

(d) Further Acts. Upon any termination of Executive’s employment under this Agreement, Executive shall promptly deliver to the Company (i) written resignations confirming Executive’s resignation as an employee, officer and director of the Company and any of its Affiliates and (ii) all documents, data, records and other information pertaining to Executive’s employment or any Confidential Information (as defined below) or Intellectual Property (as defined below), and Executive shall not take with Executive any documents or data, or any reproduction or excerpt of any documents or data, containing or pertaining to Executive’s employment or any Confidential Information (as defined below) or Intellectual Property (as defined below).

5.      Severance Payment and Other Matters Related to Termination.

(a) Accrued Obligations. In the event of termination of Executive’s employment with the Company, howsoever occurring, the Company shall pay Executive any Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination; pay for any vacation accrued (in accordance with the Company’s vacation policy) but not used to that date; and provide reimbursement for any outstanding business expenses Executive incurred in accordance with this Agreement, subject to Executive’s submission of those expenses and required substantiation and documentation within thirty (30) days following the date of termination (the “ Accrued Obligations ”). All Accrued Obligations shall be paid as soon as practicable following Executive’s termination of employment, but in no event later than sixty (60) days following such termination.

(b) Protected Period Termination of Employment by the Company without Cause or by Executive with Good Reason; Certain Acknowledgments.

(i)      The Parties acknowledge and agree that, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the first anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Protected Period ”), Executive shall remain eligible to receive a severance benefit in accordance with the terms of the CIC Agreement. The release of claims contemplated by Section 7 (Release of Claims) and 16(d) (Compliance with Section 409A) of the CIC Agreement (the “ Release Condition ”) is attached hereto as Exhibit F (the “ Executive Release ”).

(ii)      Executive acknowledges and agrees that:

(1)    the following shall replace prong (1) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a material diminution by the Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s duties or responsibilities in a manner which is inconsistent with Executive’s position as the principal technology officer of the Company as a business unit of Dassault Systèmes (it being understood that (A) a change to Executive’s duties or responsibilities as a result of the Company no longer being a publicly-traded entity or Executive no longer reporting to or interacting with the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or the Boards of Directors of the Company or Dassault Systèmes is not Good Reason and (B) a change in Executive’s title from that of Chief Technology Officer or designation as an officer of the Company (which does not also result in a diminution in duties or responsibilities) shall not, by itself, constitute Good Reason so long as such change was initiated or approved solely by or solely at the direction of Tarek Sherif)”;
    
(2)     the following shall replace prong (3) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a reduction by Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s rate of salary or annual cash-based incentive opportunity or a breach by Company or any of its Affiliates of a material provision of the Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of June 11, 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes, Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., the Company and Executive (the “ Employment Agreement ”) or this Agreement (as amended by the Employment Agreement)”;

(3)     the CIC Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect as of the day immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date except to the extent that, following the Protected Period, there are any unsatisfied obligations incurred as a result of Executive’s termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by this Section 5(b)(ii)) during the Protected Period;

(4)     for purposes of any equity- or equity-based award granted by the Company prior to the Effective Date and that is converted into a Dassault Systèmes restricted stock unit in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement (the “ Converted Equity Awards ”), Executive’s Converted Equity Awards shall vest upon a termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by the Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by this Section 5(b)(ii), or in the applicable Company equity plan or award agreement thereunder), in either case, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the second anniversary of the Effective Date, and, subject to the Release Condition, shall be settled as soon as administratively practicable following such termination of employment and, in any event, no later than March 15 of the year following the year in which such termination of employment occurs;

(5)     notwithstanding any provision of the CIC Agreement to the contrary, the obligation of the Company or its Affiliates to provide severance benefits under the CIC Agreement is conditioned upon continued full performance of obligations under Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement; and

(6)     the consummation of the Transaction and the changes to Executive’s compensation, benefits, authorities, duties, or responsibilities set forth in this Agreement shall not by itself constitute, or be deemed to constitute, a “good reason” under any plan or agreement entered into with or sponsored by the Company or any of its Affiliates which contain such terms or any substantially similar terms. Further, Executive acknowledges and agrees to the treatment of Executive’s equity- and equity-based awards in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.


(c) Termination of Employment by the Company without Cause Following the Protected Period. In the event that the Company terminates the employment of Executive without Cause following the Protected Period, the Company shall pay to Executive the Accrued Obligations and, if applicable, pay in lieu of notice in accordance with Section 4(a)(iii) of this Agreement.

(d) Termination of Employment by the Company for Cause; Termination of Employment by Reason of Death or Disability. In the event this Agreement is terminated (i) by reason of Executive’s death or disability in accordance with Section 4(c) of this Agreement or (ii) by the Company for Cause in accordance with Section 4(a)(i)-(ii) of this Agreement, the Company shall pay to Executive (or Executive’s designated beneficiary or estate, as the case may be) the Accrued Obligations.

(e) Termination of Employment by Executive without Good Reason During the Protected Period and For Any Reason Following the Protected Period. In the event that this Agreement is terminated by reason of Executive’s resignation of employment other than for Good Reason during the Protected Period or for any reason following the Protected Period, the Company shall pay to Executive the Accrued Obligations.

(f) Except for any right Executive may have under the federal law known as “COBRA” to continue participation in the Company’s group health and dental plans at Executive’s cost or as may be provided in the CIC Agreement, Executive’s benefits and participation in incentive, bonus or other compensation plans and stock option plans shall terminate in accordance with the terms of the applicable plans based on the date of termination of Executive’s employment.

(e)     The provisions of this Agreement shall survive any termination if so provided in this Agreement or if necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including without limitation Executive’s obligations under Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement. Upon termination by either Executive or the Company, all rights, duties and obligations of Executive and the Company to each other shall cease, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or applicable law.

6.     Confidentiality.

(a) For purposes of this Agreement, Confidential Information means any and all information of the Company or any of its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, or that is obtained with any understanding, express or implied, that it shall not be disclosed. Confidential Information shall include, without limitation and in whatever form , information concerning the Company’s business and strategic plans and opportunities, finances and financial statements, identity of the customers, suppliers and vendors, prices and pricing policies, contract rights and obligations, trade secret, know-how, new products and service ideas and structures, employees and their compensation and benefit plans, policies and procedures, and other information regarding the Company’s business and affairs (collectively the “ Confidential Information ”). Confidential Information does not include information that enters the public domain, other than through a breach by Executive or any other Person (as defined below) of an obligation of confidentiality owed to the Company or any of its Affiliates. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Person ” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, estate, trust or any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(b) Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information; that Executive shall develop Confidential Information for the Company and/or its Affiliates; and that Executive shall learn of Confidential Information during the course of Executive’s employment. Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall not disclose to any Person or use, directly or indirectly, for Executive’s own benefit or for the benefit of others, other than as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and/or its Affiliates, any Confidential Information obtained or developed by Executive in connection with, incident to or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. Executive shall not make accessible to any Person any documents which may contain or be derived from Confidential Information, or assist any Person in so doing. Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after Executive’s employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination.

(c) Executive shall not disclose to the Company or any of its Affiliates, or use in connection with or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or induce the Company or any of its Affiliates to use, any information or documentation obtained from any Person, in a manner that would breach any agreement or obligation owed by Executive or the Company or any of its Affiliates to that Person .

(d) Executive agrees, upon request by the Company, to promptly return all Confidential Information which has been furnished to him and all copies thereof. Executive further agrees that Executive shall, upon request from the Company, destroy all material, notes and other work product in Executive’s possession and/or control related in any way to the Confidential Information.

7 .     Intellectual Property Rights.
(a) For purposes of this Agreement, “ Intellectual Property ” means the following items of intangible and tangible property:
i. Patents, whether in the form of utility patents or design patents and all pending applications for such patents;

ii. Trademarks, trade names, service marks, design, logos, and trade dress, whether or not registered, and all pending applications of registration of the same;

iii. Copyright or other works of authorship including documentation, specifications, preparatory works, flow-charts, programmer notes, updates, data, data bases, architecture of the code, software programs (in source and object formats), articles and publications, whether or not registered or registerable, and all pending applications for registration of the same;

iv. Inventions, improvements, research records, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, concepts and ideas, know-how, trade secrets, confidential information, product designs, engineering specifications and drawings, technical information, formulae, customer lists, supplier lists and market analyses; and

v. Semiconductor chip designs, whether or not registered as mask works or topographies.

(b) To the extent permitted by applicable law, Executive hereby assigns, and agrees to assign by way of future assignment, to the Company full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by him (whether alone or with others) during the term of Executive’s employment with the Company, which is in any way connected to the products or services of the Company or its Affiliates, including those products or services contemplated in a plan under consideration by the Company or its Affiliates, regardless of whether the Intellectual Property was made or acquired (i) during business hours, (ii) at the premises of the Company, (iii) with the assistance of material supplied by the Company or (iv) at the request of the Company ( “Executive Intellectual Property” ).
(c) Executive hereby confirms that Executive has transferred in whole to the Company all of Executive’s rights, title and interest in any and all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by Executive (whether alone or with others) while being employed by the Company which is currently being used or contemplated to be used by the Company on the date hereof.
(d) In furtherance of the foregoing Sections 7 (a) through 7 (c), Executive agrees that all fruits of Executive’s work in connection with the business of the Company or its Affiliates, including all Executive Intellectual Property, shall be wholly-owned by the Company, and the Company shall be entitled to deal therewith as it desires and file the rights related to said Executive Intellectual Property in its name or in the name of its Affiliates. The duty of confidentiality in Section 6 shall also apply to any such rights related to Executive Intellectual Property.
(e) Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Executive Intellectual property to the Company. Upon request, Executive shall execute any document and instrument required to vest in the Company or its Affiliates complete title and ownership of any Executive Intellectual Property. Executive shall, at the request of the Company, execute any necessary instrument to obtain legal protection in domestic and foreign countries for Executive Intellectual Property and for the purposes of enforcing rights related to Executive Intellectual Property, all at the Company’s expense and without any additional compensation of any kind to Executive. Executive irrevocably appoints the Company as Executive’s attorney-in-fact in Executive’s name and on Executive’s behalf to execute all documents and do all things required in order to give full effect to the provisions of this Section.
(f) Intellectual Property of Others . Executive shall not use, disclose to the Company, or induce the Company to use, during Executive’s employment with the Company any Intellectual Property (i) belonging to any other Person, in breach of any contractual or legal obligation to such Person, and/or (ii) created prior to Executive employment relationship with the Company and/or its Affiliates for which Executive could claim a right.
8.     Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring .

(a) Non-Competition. Executive agrees that during his employment with the Company and for the period of twelve (12) months following the date of termination of his employment (together with the period of his employment, the Non-Competition Period ”) he will not, directly or indirectly, on his own behalf or on behalf of or in connection with any Person, whether as employee, owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, manager, officer, director, co-venturer or in any other position of responsibility and/or influence, engage in any manner in any activity that is in direct or indirect competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates as conducted or under consideration at any time during Executive’s employment, including any business or entity that is involved with the design, development, distribution, license, sale and support of life-science-related applications, solutions or services (collectively the “ Company and Affiliates Products and Services ”) in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Korea, Singapore and Japan (the “Non-Competition Area” ).

For purposes of clarity, but without limiting the foregoing, the following companies engage in business activities that are in competition with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services and Executive agrees not to accept employment with these companies or their respective successors and assigns during the Non-Competition Period in the Non-Competition Area: Siemens PLM, PTC, Autodesk, SAP, Oracle, Microsoft, IBM, Alphabet, Salesforce, Parexel, BioClinica, CRF Health, YPrime, Kayentis, Veeva, IQVIA, ERT.

For the avoidance of doubt, Executive shall be in breach of this Section if he engages in activities that are in competition with the Company and Affiliates Products and Services during the Non-Competition Period in the Non-Competition Area, even if Executive’s residence or place of work is not within the Non-Competition Area. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than five per cent (5%) (including both shares held by Executive and those held by any Person acting jointly or in concert with Executive) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation, in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates, the shares of which are listed on a recognized stock exchange or an organized securities market; and provided further that Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than one per cent (1%) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation effecting venture capital investments in businesses in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(b)      Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring. Executive agrees that during the Non-Competition Period, Executive shall not, directly or through any other Person, (i) hire or attempt to hire, or solicit or try to solicit for employment or engagement, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates, (ii) encourage or induce, or attempt to encourage or induce, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue his or her employment with, or services for, the Company or its Affiliates, as applicable, or use his or her services for any means other than for the benefit of the Company or its Affiliates, (iii) solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (iv) seek to solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person to conduct with anyone else any business or activity that such Covered Person conducted, conducts or could conduct with the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided , that Executive may hire or attempt to hire any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates with prior written approval from Dassault Systèmes Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer.
For purposes of this Section 8(b), “ Covered Person ” means (x) any Person that is or was a customer, client, investor, vendor or supplier of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (y) any prospective customer, client, vendor or supplier of the Company or its Affiliates.
(c)      Acknowledgments of Executive. Executive recognizes and agrees that Executive’s services are special and unique and that the level of compensation and the provisions herein for compensation and other benefits are partly in consideration of and conditioned upon Executive’s not competing with the Company or any of its Affiliates in violation of this Agreement, and that Executive’s covenant not to compete or solicit as set forth in this Section during and after employment is essential to protect the business and good will of the Company. Executive agrees that the Company and its Affiliates would suffer an irreparable injury if Executive were to breach any of the covenants contained in Section 6, Section 7 and Section 8 of the Agreement. Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, would by reason of such breach or threatened breach be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief in a court of appropriate jurisdiction without having to post bond, and Executive hereby stipulates to the entering of such injunctive relief prohibiting Executive from engaging in such breach. In signing this Agreement, Executive gives the Company assurance that Executive has carefully read, understood and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed on Executive under this Section. Executive agrees without reservation that these restraints are necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the Company and its Affiliates and that each and every one of the restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, scope, length of time and geographic area. Executive and the Company further agree that, in the event that any provision of this Section 8 is determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area, too great a range of activities or for any other reason, that such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. It is also agreed that each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of Executive’s obligations to that Subsidiary, as applicable, under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to this Section 8.
9.     Permitted Disclosures . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b), Executive will not be held criminally or civilly liable under any Federal or State trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret of the Company that (a) is made (i) in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to Executive’s attorney and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (b) is made in a complaint or other document that is filed under seal in a lawsuit or other proceeding. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if Executive files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Executive may disclose the trade secret to Executive’s attorney and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding if Executive (I) files any document containing the trade secret under seal and (II) does not disclose the trade secret except pursuant to court order. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to conflict with 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b) or create liability for disclosures of trade secrets that are expressly allowed by such section. Further, nothing in any agreement Executive has with the Company shall prohibit or restrict Executive from making any voluntary disclosure of information or documents related to any violation of law to any governmental agency or legislative body, or any self-regulatory organization, in each case, without advance notice to the Company.

10.     Conflicting Agreements . Executive hereby represents and warrants that the signing of this Agreement and the performance of Executive’s obligations under it shall not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which Executive is a party or by which Executive is bound b y and that Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any court order that could affect the performance of Executive’s obligations under this Agreement.

11.     Assignment. Neither Executive nor the Company may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest in it, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without Executive’s consent to any firm, corporation or other business entity with whom the Company shall hereafter effect a reorganization, consolidate with, or merge into or to whom it transfers, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of its assets or business (the “ Successor ”). Any such Successor of the Company shall be deemed substituted for the Company under the terms of this Agreement for all purposes. Following the assignment of this Agreement to a Successor, the Company shall be released from its obligations hereunder and such Successor shall be liable for all of the Company’s obligations hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of: (a) the heirs, beneficiaries, executors and legal representatives of Executive upon Executive’s death; and (b) any Successor of the Company.

12.      Withholding. The Company shall be entitled to withhold, or cause to be withheld, any amount of federal, state, city taxes and/or other withholding amounts required by law with respect to payments made to Executive or requested by Executive in connection with Executive’s employment hereunder.

13.      Notices. All notices called for hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed effective: (a) when delivered personally; or (b) one (1) day after being sent by Federal Express or a similar nationally recognized commercial overnight courier service addressed to Executive or the Company as described in this Section; or (c) three (3) days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, prepaid and addressed to Executive at Executive’s last known address on the books of the Company, or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the Chairman of the Board of the Company and copy to Dassault Systèmes, at 10, rue Marcel Dassault, 78 140 Vélizy-Villacoublay, France , attention Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer, or to such other address as either party may designate by written notice to the other actually received.

14.          Severability. If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

15.              Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties pertaining to the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous communications, offers, agreements and understandings, whether written or oral, as to the terms and conditions of Executive’s employment except for the CIC Agreement, as modified hereunder, and the Employee Confidentiality, Invention Assignment and Non-Competition Agreement by and between Executive and the Company (collectively the “ Prior Agreements ”). No supplement or modification to this Agreement shall be binding, and no breach shall be deemed to be waived, unless agreed to in writing by Executive, the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and the Executive Vice President, Chief People & Information Officer of Dassault Systèmes. The Parties acknowledge and agree that Section 12 of the CIC Agreement (Legal Fees to Enforce Rights After a Change in Control) shall continue to apply to the terms and provisions of the CIC Agreement (as modified hereby).

16.              Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same document.

17.          Headings . The paragraph headings in this Agreement are for convenience and reference only and shall not be deemed to alter or affect the construction, interpretation or substance of any provisions hereof.

18.              Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed and construed under the laws of the New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof.

19.          Arbitration.

(a)        Agreement. The Company and Executive agree that, with the exception of claims for injunctive or equitable relief arising under Section 6, 7 or 8 of this Agreement which shall be brought before a court of competent jurisdiction and claims arising under the CIC Agreement (as amended by this Agreement), any dispute or controversy arising out of, relating to, or in connection with this Agreement, or the interpretation, validity, construction, performance, breach, or termination thereof shall be settled by binding arbitration to be held in New York, New York, or such other location agreed by the parties hereto, in accordance with the National Rules for the Resolution of Employment Disputes then in effect of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be conducted by one (1) arbitrator who may grant any relief available under applicable law. Any award by arbitration pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, shall contain findings of fact and conclusions of law and may be entered as a judgment and enforced by any court of competent jurisdiction. In reaching a decision, the arbitrator shall interpret, apply and be bound by the terms of this Agreement and all applicable Company manuals, rules, policies, procedures, and by all applicable federal, state or local laws. The arbitrator shall have no authority to add to, detract from change or modify any law, manual, rule policy or procedure in any respect. Nor shall the arbitrator have authority to consider or decide any matters which are the sole responsibility of the Company in the conduct of its business.

(b)           Waiver of Jury Trial. EXECUTIVE HAS READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE FOREGOING PROVISIONS CONCERNING ARBITRATION AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT BY SIGNING THIS AGREEMENT, EXECUTIVE AGREES TO SUBMIT ANY FUTURE CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT (EXCLUDING CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE CIC AGREEMENT (AS AMENDED BY THIS AGREEMENT), OR THE INTERPRETATION, VALIDITY, CONSTRUCTION, PERFORMANCE, BREACH, OR TERMINATION HEREOF TO BINDING ARBITRATION TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, AND THAT THIS ARBITRATION CLAUSE CONSTITUTES A WAIVER OF EXECUTIVE’S RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL AND RELATES TO THE RESOLUTION OF ALL DISPUTES RELATING TO ALL ASPECTS OF THE EMPLOYER/EXECUTIVE RELATIONSHIP (SUBJECT TO LIMITED EXCEPTIONS DESCRIBED ABOVE), INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE FOLLOWING CLAIMS: (i) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR WRONGFUL DISCHARGE OF EMPLOYMENT; BREACH OF CONTRACT, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; BREACH OF THE COVENANT OF GOOD FAITH AND FAIR DEALING, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL MISREPRESENTATION; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INTERFERENCE WITH CONTRACT OR PROSPECTIVE ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE; LIBEL, AND DEFAMATION; (ii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR VIOLATIONS OF ANY FEDERAL, STATE, OR MUNICIPAL STATUTE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, TITLE VII OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT, THE AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT, THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT, THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT; AND (iii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF ANY OTHER LAWS AND REGULATIONS RELATING TO EMPLOYMENT OR EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FORGOING, THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE ARBITRATION OF CLAIMS ARISING UNDER THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OR THE DODD FRANK ACT.

20.     Claims. Executive agrees that, so long as Executive is receiving all amounts due under this Agreement or any salary continuation, Executive shall not assert any claim of any type in any forum or before any tribunal pursuant to which Executive seeks to have declared unenforceable, in whole or in part, any of the restrictive covenants in Section 8 of this Agreement, or to limit their enforceability in any way.

21.     Section 409A. The Parties intend for the payments and benefits under this Agreement to be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“ Section 409A ”) or, if not so exempt, to be paid or provided in a manner which complies with the requirements of such section, and intend that this Agreement shall be construed and administered in accordance with such intention. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, Executive shall not be considered to have terminated employment with the Company for purposes of any payments under this Agreement which are subject to Section 409A until Executive would be considered to have incurred a “separation from service” from the Company within the meaning of Section 409A. Each amount to be paid or benefit to be provided under this Agreement shall be construed as a separate identified payment for purposes of Section 409A. Without limiting the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, to the extent required in order to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, amounts that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided pursuant to this Agreement or any other arrangement between Executive and Company during the six-month period immediately following Executive’s separation from service shall instead be paid on the first business day after the date that is six months following Executive’s separation from service (or, if earlier, Executive’s date of death). To the extent required to avoid an accelerated or additional tax under Section 409A, amounts reimbursable to Executive under this Agreement shall be paid to Executive on or before the last day of the year following the year in which the expense was incurred and the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement (and in kind benefits provided to Executive) during one year may not affect amounts reimbursable or provided in any subsequent year. Notwithstanding anything set forth herein to the contrary, to the extent that any severance amount payable under a plan or agreement that Executive may have a right or entitlement to as of the date of this Agreement constitutes deferred compensation under Section 409A, then to the extent required to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, the portion of the benefits payable hereunder equal to such other amount shall instead be provided in the form set forth in such other plan or agreement. The Company makes no representation that any or all of the payments described in this Agreement will be exempt from or comply with Section 409A and makes no undertaking to preclude Section 409A from applying to any such payment. Executive shall be solely responsible for the payment of any taxes and penalties incurred under Section 409A of the Code.

22.     Condition Precedent. This Agreement shall become null and void in the event that (i) the Transactions are not consummated (and shall terminate upon the termination of the Merger Agreement); (ii) Executive’s employment does not continue with the Company through the Effective Date; or (iii) Executive does not execute and return the 3DS CBC, the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and the Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy prior to the Effective Date.


[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]



WHEREFORE, the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the date and year first above written.

DASSAULT SYSTÈMES SE :
By:
/s/ Bernard Charles
 
Bernard Charles
Its:
Vice-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 


DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP. :
By:
/s/ Bruno Latchague
 
Bruno Latchague
Its:
Chairman
 
 
 
 



MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.:
By:
/s/ Tarek A. Sherif
 
Tarek A. Sherif
Its:
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

EXECUTIVE:
By:
/s/ Glen M. de Vries
 
Glen de Vries
 
 



1

EXHIBIT 10.5

FORM OF LETTER AGREEMENT
This Letter Agreement (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of [●], 2019, is by and between Dassault Systèmes SE, a societas Europaea (European company) organized under the laws of France (“ Dassault Systèmes ), Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Dassault Systèmes (“ DSAC ”), Medidata Solutions, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and [●] (the “ Executive ”).
WHEREAS, the Company has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of [●], 2019, by and among the Company, Dassault Systèmes, DSAC and DS Acquisition 6 Corp, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC (“Merger Sub” and, such agreement, the “ Merger Agreement ”), pursuant to which, effective as of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “ Transactions ,” and the date on which the Transactions are consummated, the “ Effective Date ”), Merger Sub shall merge with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of DSAC;
WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are party to the [Amended and Restated] Executive Change in Control Agreement, dated as of [●] (the “ CIC Agreement ”); and
WHEREAS, in connection with the Transactions, Dassault Systèmes, DSAC, the Company and Executive (collectively, the “ Parties ”) desire to enter into this Agreement in order to continue Executive’s employment with Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates (as defined below) following the Transactions, and Executive desires to remain in the employ of Dassault Systèmes and its Affiliates following the Transactions, subject to the terms and provisions of this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth and other good and valuable consideration, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties agree as follows:
1.      At-Will Employment; Certain Dassault Systèmes Policies .
(a)      Executive and Company agree and acknowledge that Executive’s employment with the Company constitutes “at-will” employment. Executive and the Company acknowledge that this employment relationship may be terminated at any time, upon written notice to the other party, at the option of either the Company or Executive.
(b)      As a condition of continued employment on and following the Effective Date, Executive shall be required to sign and return the Dassault Systèmes Code of Business Conduct (the “ 3DS CBC ”), the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy, which are hereby incorporated in this Agreement and are attached hereto as Exhibits A-D , respectively, no later than the Effective Date.
2.      Retention Award; CIC Agreement; Certain Acknowledgements .
(a)      Executive shall be eligible to receive a lump sum cash retention bonus equal to $[●], which will vest and become payable on the twelve month anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Vesting Date ”), subject to Executive’s continued employment with the Company or one of its Affiliates through the Vesting Date (the “ Retention Bonus ”). To the extent earned, the Retention Bonus shall be paid to Executive no later than ten (10) business days after the Vesting Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (i) Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company or an Affiliate thereof without Cause (as defined in the CIC Agreement) or Executive terminates employment with the Company or an Affiliate thereof for Good Reason (as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by Sections 2(c)-(d) of this Agreement), in either case, prior to the Vesting Date, and (ii) Executive timely executes and does not revoke the Executive Release (as defined below) in accordance with the terms of Section 7 (Release of Claims) and Section 16(d) (Compliance with Section 409A) of the CIC Agreement, then Executive shall receive the Retention Bonus at the same time as Executive’s cash severance benefit in the Protected Period (as defined below) is paid pursuant to the CIC Agreement.
(b)      The Parties acknowledge and agree that, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the first anniversary of the Effective Date (the “ Protected Period ”), Executive shall remain eligible to receive a severance benefit in accordance with the terms of the CIC Agreement. The release of claims contemplated by Sections 7 (Release of Claims) and 16(d) (Compliance with Section 409A) of the CIC Agreement (the “ Release Condition ”) is attached hereto as Exhibit E (the “ Executive Release ”).
(c)      Executive acknowledges and agrees that:
(1)     the following shall replace prong (1) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a material diminution by the Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s duties or responsibilities in a manner which is inconsistent with Executive’s position as [______] of the Company as a business unit of Dassault Systèmes (it being understood that (A) a change to Executive’s duties or responsibilities as a result of the Company no longer being a publicly-traded entity or Executive no longer reporting to or interacting with the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or the Boards of Directors of the Company or Dassault Systèmes is not Good Reason and (B) a change in Executive’s title from that of [______] or designation as an officer of the Company (which does not also result in a diminution in duties or responsibilities) shall not, by itself, constitute Good Reason so long as such change was initiated or approved solely by or solely at the direction of Tarek Sherif)”;
(2)    the following shall replace prong (3) of the definition of “Good Reason” in Section 2.10 of the CIC Agreement: “a reduction by Company or any of its Affiliates of Executive’s rate of salary or annual cash-based incentive opportunity or a breach by Company or any of its Affiliates of a material provision of the Letter Agreement, dated as of [●], 2019, by and between Dassault Systèmes, Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp., the Company and Executive (the “ Letter Agreement ”) or this Agreement (as amended by the Letter Agreement)”;
(3)     the CIC Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect as of the day immediately following the first anniversary of the Effective Date except to the extent that, following the Protected Period, there are any unsatisfied obligations incurred as a result of Executive’s termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by Sections 2(c)-(d) of this Agreement) during the Protected Period;
(4)    for purposes of any equity- or equity-based award granted by the Company prior to the Effective Date and that is converted into a Dassault Systèmes restricted stock unit in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement (the “ Converted Equity Awards ”), Executive’s Converted Equity Awards shall vest upon a termination of employment by the Company without “Cause” or by the Executive for “Good Reason” (each as defined in the CIC Agreement, as amended by Sections 2(c)-(d) of this Agreement, or in the applicable Company equity plan or award agreement thereunder), in either case, during the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the second anniversary of the Effective Date, and, subject to the Release Condition, shall be settled as soon as administratively practicable following such termination of employment and, in any event, no later than March 15 of the year following the year in which such termination of employment occurs; and
(5)    notwithstanding any provision of the CIC Agreement to the contrary, the obligation of the Company or its Affiliates to provide severance benefits under the CIC Agreement is conditioned upon continued full performance of obligations under Section 3, Section 4 and Section 5 of this Agreement.
(d)      Executive acknowledges and agrees that the consummation of the Transaction and the changes to Executive’s authorities, duties, or responsibilities set forth in this Agreement shall not by itself constitute, or be deemed to constitute, a “good reason” under any plan or agreement entered into with or sponsored by the Company or any of its Affiliates which contain such terms or any substantially similar terms.
(e)      Executive acknowledges and agrees to the treatment of Executive’s equity- and equity-based awards in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.
3.      Confidentiality .
(a)      For purposes of this Agreement, Confidential Information means any and all information of the Company or any of its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, or that is obtained with any understanding, express or implied, that it shall not be disclosed. Confidential Information shall include, without limitation and in whatever form, information concerning the Company’s business and strategic plans and opportunities, finances and financial statements, identity of the customers, suppliers and vendors, prices and pricing policies, contract rights and obligations, trade secret, know-how, new products and service ideas and structures, employees and their compensation and benefit plans, policies and procedures, and other information regarding the Company’s business and affairs (collectively the “ Confidential Information ”). Confidential Information does not include information that enters the public domain, other than through a breach by Executive or any other Person (as defined below) of an obligation of confidentiality owed to the Company or any of its Affiliates. For purposes of this Agreement, (i) “ Affiliates ” shall mean one or more of the persons and entities directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by management authority, equity interest or otherwise; and (ii) “ Person ” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, estate, trust or any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.
(b)      Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information; that Executive shall develop Confidential Information for the Company and/or its Affiliates; and that Executive shall learn of Confidential Information during the course of Executive’s employment. Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall not disclose to any Person or use, directly or indirectly, for Executive’s own benefit or for the benefit of others, other than as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and/or its Affiliates, any Confidential Information obtained or developed by Executive in connection with, incident to or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. Executive shall not make accessible to any Person any documents which may contain or be derived from Confidential Information, or assist any Person in so doing. Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after Executive’s employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination.
(c)      Executive shall not disclose to the Company or any of its Affiliates, or use in connection with or as a result of Executive’s employment or other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or induce the Company or any of its Affiliates to use, any information or documentation obtained from any Person, in a manner that would breach any agreement or obligation owed by Executive or the Company or any of its Affiliates to that Person.
(d)      Executive agrees, upon request by the Company, to promptly return all Confidential Information which has been furnished to him and all copies thereof. Executive further agrees that Executive shall, upon request from the Company, destroy all material, notes and other work product in Executive’s possession and/or control related in any way to the Confidential Information.
4.      Intellectual Property Rights .
(a)      For purposes of this Agreement, “ Intellectual Property ” means the following items of intangible and tangible property:
(i)
Patents, whether in the form of utility patents or design patents and all pending applications for such patents;
(ii)
Trademarks, trade names, service marks, design, logos, and trade dress, whether or not registered, and all pending applications of registration of the same;
(iii)
Copyright or other works of authorship including documentation, specifications, preparatory works, flow-charts, programmer notes, updates, data, data bases, architecture of the code, software programs (in source and object formats), articles and publications, whether or not registered or registerable, and all pending applications for registration of the same;
(iv)
Inventions, improvements, research records, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, concepts and ideas, know-how, trade secrets, confidential information, product designs, engineering specifications and drawings, technical information, formulae, customer lists, supplier lists and market analyses; and
(v)
Semiconductor chip designs, whether or not registered as mask works or topographies.
(b)      To the extent permitted by applicable law, Executive hereby assigns, and agrees to assign by way of future assignment, to the Company full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by him (whether alone or with others) during the term of Executive’s employment with the Company, which is in any way connected to the products or services of the Company or its Affiliates, including those products or services contemplated in a plan under consideration by the Company or its Affiliates, regardless of whether the Intellectual Property was made or acquired (i) during business hours, (ii) at the premises of the Company, (iii) with the assistance of material supplied by the Company or (iv) at the request of the Company (“ Executive Intellectual Property ”).
(c)      Executive hereby confirms that Executive has transferred in whole to the Company all of Executive’s rights, title and interest in any and all Intellectual Property conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by Executive (whether alone or with others) while being employed by the Company which is currently being used or contemplated to be used by the Company on the date hereof.
(d)      In furtherance of the foregoing Sections 4(a) through 4(c), Executive agrees that all fruits of Executive’s work in connection with the business of the Company or its Affiliates, including all Executive Intellectual Property, shall be wholly-owned by the Company, and the Company shall be entitled to deal therewith as it desires and file the rights related to said Executive Intellectual Property in its name or in the name of its Affiliates. The duty of confidentiality in Section 4 shall also apply to any such rights related to Executive Intellectual Property.
(e)      Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Executive Intellectual Property to the Company. Upon request, Executive shall execute any document and instrument required to vest in the Company or its Affiliates complete title and ownership of any Executive Intellectual Property. Executive shall, at the request of the Company, execute any necessary instrument to obtain legal protection in domestic and foreign countries for Executive Intellectual Property and for the purposes of enforcing rights related to Executive Intellectual Property, all at the Company’s expense and without any additional compensation of any kind to Executive. Executive irrevocably appoints the Company as Executive’s attorney-in-fact in Executive’s name and on Executive’s behalf to execute all documents and do all things required in order to give full effect to the provisions of this Section.
(f)      Intellectual Property of Others . Executive shall not use, disclose to the Company, or induce the Company to use, during Executive’s employment with the Company any Intellectual Property (i) belonging to any other Person, in breach of any contractual or legal obligation to such Person, and/or (ii) created prior to Executive employment relationship with the Company and/or its Affiliates for which Executive could claim a right.
5.      Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring .
(a)      Non-Competition. Executive agrees that during Executive’s employment with the Company and for the period of twelve (12) months following the date of termination of Executive’s employment (together with the period of Executive’s employment, the Non-Competition Period ”) Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, on Executive’s own behalf or on behalf of or in connection with any Person, whether as employee, owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, manager, officer, director, co-venturer or in any other position of responsibility and/or influence, engage in any manner in any activity that is directly or indirectly competitive with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates in the United States, Canada, France, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Korea, Singapore and Japan (the “Non-Competition Area” ). Specifically, but without limiting the foregoing, Executive shall be considered to be competing with the Company and/or its Affiliates if Executive engages in any manner in any activity that is directly or indirectly competitive or potentially competitive with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates as conducted or under consideration at any time during Executive’s employment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any business or entity that is involved in the design, development, distribution, license, sale and support of life-science-related applications, solutions or services (collectively the “ Company Products and Services ”), are considered competitors of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 5(a) , Executive shall not be considered to be competing with the Company and/or its Affiliates with respect to any business of DSAC or its Affiliates (other than the Company) as to which Executive had no role or responsibilities and has not been in possession of Confidential Information.
For purposes of clarity, but without limiting the foregoing, the following companies engage in business activities that are in competition with the Company Products and Services and Executive agrees not to accept employment with these companies or their respective successors and assigns during the Non-Competition Period in the Non-Competition Area: Siemens PLM, PTC, Autodesk, SAP, Oracle, Microsoft, IBM, Alphabet, Salesforce, Parexel, BioClinica, CRF Health, YPrime, Kayentis, Veeva, IQVIA, ERT. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive shall not be prevented from accepting employment with Alphabet, Salesforce, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Siemens and SAP so long as Executive (i) is not directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, engaged in business activities that are competitive with the Company Products and Services , and (ii) does not directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, work for a business unit that is, directly or indirectly, competitive with the Company Products and Services
For the avoidance of doubt, Executive shall be in breach of this Section if Executive engages in activities that compete with the Company or any of its Affiliates during the Non-Competition period in any of the specified geographical regions, even if Executive’s residence or place of work is not within one of the specified geographical regions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than five per cent (5%) (including both shares held by Executive and those held by any Person acting jointly or in concert with Executive) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation, in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates, the shares of which are listed on a recognized stock exchange or an organized securities market; and provided further that Executive shall not be in default under this provision by virtue of holding, as passive investor only, not more than one per cent (1%) of the issued and outstanding shares of a corporation effecting venture capital investments in businesses in competition with the business of the Company or any of its Affiliates.
(b)      Non-Solicitation & Non-Hiring. Executive agrees that during the Non-Competition Period, Executive shall not, directly or through any other Person, (i) hire or attempt to hire, or solicit or try to solicit for employment or engagement, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates, (ii) encourage or induce, or attempt to encourage or induce, any employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue his or her employment with, or services for, the Company or its Affiliates, as applicable, or use his or her services for any means other than for the benefit of the Company or its Affiliates, (iii) solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (iv) seek to solicit, encourage or induce, or attempt to solicit, encourage or induce, any Covered Person to conduct with anyone else any business or activity that such Covered Person conducted, conducts or could conduct with the Company or any of its Affiliates.
For purposes of this Section 5(b), “ Covered Person ” means (x) any Person that is or was a customer, client, investor, vendor or supplier of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or (y) any prospective customer, client, vendor or supplier of the Company or its Affiliates.
(c)      Acknowledgments of Executive. Executive recognizes and agrees that Executive’s services are special and unique and that the level of compensation and the provisions herein for compensation and other benefits are partly in consideration of and conditioned upon Executive’s not competing with the Company or any of its Affiliates in violation of this Agreement, and that Executive’s covenant not to compete or solicit as set forth in this Section during and after employment is essential to protect the business and good will of the Company. Executive agrees that the Company and its Affiliates would suffer an irreparable injury if Executive were to breach any of the covenants contained in Section 3, Section 4 and Section 5 of the Agreement. Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, would by reason of such breach or threatened breach be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief in a court of appropriate jurisdiction without having to post bond, and Executive hereby stipulates to the entering of such injunctive relief prohibiting Executive from engaging in such breach. In signing this Agreement, Executive gives the Company assurance that Executive has carefully read, understood and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed on Executive under this Section. Executive agrees without reservation that these restraints are necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the Company and its Affiliates and that each and every one of the restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, scope, length of time and geographic area. Executive and the Company further agree that, in the event that any provision of this Section 5 is determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area, too great a range of activities or for any other reason, that such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. It is also agreed that each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of Executive’s obligations to that Subsidiary, as applicable, under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to this Section 5.
6.      Permitted Disclosures . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b), Executive will not be held criminally or civilly liable under any Federal or State trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret of the Company that (a) is made (i) in confidence to a Federal, State, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to Executive’s attorney and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (b) is made in a complaint or other document that is filed under seal in a lawsuit or other proceeding. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if Executive files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Executive may disclose the trade secret to Executive’s attorney and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding if Executive (I) files any document containing the trade secret under seal and (II) does not disclose the trade secret except pursuant to court order. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to conflict with 18 U.S.C. § 1833(b) or create liability for disclosures of trade secrets that are expressly allowed by such section. Further, nothing in any agreement Executive has with the Company shall prohibit or restrict Executive from making any voluntary disclosure of information or documents related to any violation of law to any governmental agency or legislative body, or any self-regulatory organization, in each case, without advance notice to the Company.
7.      Conflicting Agreements . Executive hereby represents and warrants that the signing of this Agreement and the performance of Executive’s obligations under it shall not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which Executive is a party or by which Executive is bound by and that Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any court order that could affect the performance of Executive’s obligations under this Agreement.
8.      Assignment . Neither Executive nor the Company may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest in it, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without Executive’s consent to any firm, corporation or other business entity with whom the Company shall hereafter effect a reorganization, consolidate with, or merge into or to whom it transfers, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of its assets or business (the “ Successor ”). Any such Successor of the Company shall be deemed substituted for the Company under the terms of this Agreement for all purposes. Following the assignment of this Agreement to a Successor, the Company shall be released from its obligations hereunder and such Successor shall be liable for all of the Company’s obligations hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of: (a) the heirs, beneficiaries, executors and legal representatives of Executive upon Executive’s death; and (b) any Successor of the Company.
9.      Withholding . The Company shall be entitled to withhold, or cause to be withheld, any amount of federal, state, city taxes and/or other withholding amounts required by law with respect to payments made to Executive or requested by Executive in connection with Executive’s employment hereunder.
10.      Notices . All notices called for hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed effective: (a) when delivered personally; or (b) one (1) day after being sent by Federal Express or a similar nationally recognized commercial overnight courier service addressed to Executive or the Company as described in this Section; or (c) three (3) days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, prepaid and addressed to Executive at Executive’s last known address on the books of the Company, or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the Chairman of the Board of the Company and copy to Dassault Systèmes, at 10, rue Marcel Dassault, 78 140 Vélizy-Villacoublay, France, attention Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer, or to such other address as either party may designate by written notice to the other actually received.
11.      Severability . If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
12.      Entire Agreement . This Agreement, together with the CIC Agreement (as modified hereby), constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties pertaining to the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous communications, offers, agreements and understandings, whether written or oral, as to the terms and conditions of Executive’s employment (collectively the “ Prior Agreements ”); provided , that Executive acknowledges and agrees that the Employee Confidentiality, Invention Assignment and Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of [●], by and between the Executive and the Company shall continue in accordance with its terms on and following the Effective Date. Executive acknowledges and agrees that this Agreement constitutes a modification of and supersedes Executive’s rights under the Prior Agreements and any other agreement between Executive and the Company, providing for severance, separation or retention payments or benefits or any other plan, program, policy or arrangement providing for such benefits and further acknowledges and agrees that, from and after the Effective Date, Executive shall not be entitled, whether under this Agreement or otherwise, to any compensation or benefits not described herein including, without limitation, any other payments or benefits to which Executive may be or become entitled to receive under any severance, termination, change in control or similar policy, plan, program, agreement or similar or related arrangements of any of the Company or its Affiliates. No supplement or modification to this Agreement shall be binding, and no breach shall be deemed to be waived, unless agreed to in writing by Executive, the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and the Executive Vice President, Chief People & Information Officer of Dassault Systèmes. The Parties acknowledge and agree that Section 12 of the CIC Agreement (Legal Fees to Enforce Rights After a Change in Control) shall continue to apply to the terms and provisions of the CIC Agreement (as modified hereby).
13.      Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same document.
14.      Headings . The paragraph headings in this Agreement are for convenience and reference only and shall not be deemed to alter or affect the construction, interpretation or substance of any provisions hereof.
15.      Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed and construed under the laws of the New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof.
16.      Arbitration .
(a)      Agreement. The Company and Executive agree that, with the exception of claims for injunctive or equitable relief arising under Section 3, 4 or 5 of this Agreement which shall be brought before a court of competent jurisdiction and claims arising under the CIC Agreement, any dispute or controversy arising out of, relating to, or in connection with this Agreement, or the interpretation, validity, construction, performance, breach, or termination thereof shall be settled by binding arbitration to be held in New York, New York, or such other location agreed by the parties hereto, in accordance with the National Rules for the Resolution of Employment Disputes then in effect of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitration shall be conducted by one (1) arbitrator who may grant any relief available under applicable law. Any award by arbitration pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall contain findings of fact and conclusions of law and may be entered as a judgment and enforced by any court of competent jurisdiction. In reaching a decision, the arbitrator shall interpret, apply and be bound by the terms of this Agreement and all applicable Company manuals, rules, policies, procedures, and by all applicable federal, state or local laws. The arbitrator shall have no authority to add to, detract from change or modify any law, manual, rule policy or procedure in any respect. Nor shall the arbitrator have authority to consider or decide any matters which are the sole responsibility of the Company in the conduct of its business.
(b)      Waiver of Jury Trial. EXECUTIVE HAS READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE FOREGOING PROVISIONS CONCERNING ARBITRATION AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT BY SIGNING THIS AGREEMENT, EXECUTIVE AGREES TO SUBMIT ANY FUTURE CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT (EXCLUDING CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF, RELATING TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE CIC AGREEMENT (AS AMENDED BY THIS AGREEMENT)), OR THE INTERPRETATION, VALIDITY, CONSTRUCTION, PERFORMANCE, BREACH, OR TERMINATION HEREOF TO BINDING ARBITRATION TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, AND THAT THIS ARBITRATION CLAUSE CONSTITUTES A WAIVER OF EXECUTIVE’S RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL AND RELATES TO THE RESOLUTION OF ALL DISPUTES RELATING TO ALL ASPECTS OF THE EMPLOYER/EXECUTIVE RELATIONSHIP (SUBJECT TO LIMITED EXCEPTIONS DESCRIBED ABOVE), INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE FOLLOWING CLAIMS: (i) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR WRONGFUL DISCHARGE OF EMPLOYMENT; BREACH OF CONTRACT, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; BREACH OF THE COVENANT OF GOOD FAITH AND FAIR DEALING, BOTH EXPRESS AND IMPLIED; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL MISREPRESENTATION; NEGLIGENT OR INTENTIONAL INTERFERENCE WITH CONTRACT OR PROSPECTIVE ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE; LIBEL, AND DEFAMATION; (ii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS FOR VIOLATIONS OF ANY FEDERAL, STATE, OR MUNICIPAL STATUTE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, TITLE VII OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT, THE AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT, THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT, THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT; AND (iii) ANY AND ALL CLAIMS ARISING OUT OF ANY OTHER LAWS AND REGULATIONS RELATING TO EMPLOYMENT OR EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FORGOING, THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE ARBITRATION OF CLAIMS ARISING UNDER THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OR THE DODD FRANK ACT.
17.      Claims . Executive agrees that, so long as Executive is receiving all amounts due under this Agreement or any salary continuation, Executive shall not assert any claim of any type in any forum or before any tribunal pursuant to which Executive seeks to have declared unenforceable, in whole or in part, any of the restrictive covenants in Section 5 of this Agreement, or to limit their enforceability in any way.
18.      Section 409A . The Parties intend for the payments and benefits under this Agreement to be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“ Section 409A ”) or, if not so exempt, to be paid or provided in a manner which complies with the requirements of such section, and intend that this Agreement shall be construed and administered in accordance with such intention. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, Executive shall not be considered to have terminated employment with the Company for purposes of any payments under this Agreement which are subject to Section 409A until Executive would be considered to have incurred a “separation from service” from the Company within the meaning of Section 409A. Each amount to be paid or benefit to be provided under this Agreement shall be construed as a separate identified payment for purposes of Section 409A. Without limiting the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, to the extent required in order to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, amounts that would otherwise be payable and benefits that would otherwise be provided pursuant to this Agreement or any other arrangement between Executive and Company during the six-month period immediately following Executive’s separation from service shall instead be paid on the first business day after the date that is six months following Executive’s separation from service (or, if earlier, Executive’s date of death). To the extent required to avoid an accelerated or additional tax under Section 409A, amounts reimbursable to Executive under this Agreement or any other arrangement between Executive and Company shall be paid to Executive on or before the last day of the year following the year in which the expense was incurred and the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement (and in kind benefits provided to Executive) during one year may not affect amounts reimbursable or provided in any subsequent year. Notwithstanding anything set forth herein to the contrary, to the extent that any severance amount payable under a plan or agreement that you may have a right or entitlement to as of the date of this Agreement constitutes deferred compensation under Section 409A, then to the extent required to avoid accelerated taxation and/or tax penalties under Section 409A, the portion of the benefits payable hereunder equal to such other amount shall instead be provided in the form set forth in such other plan or agreement. The Company makes no representation that any or all of the payments described in this Agreement will be exempt from or comply with Section 409A and makes no undertaking to preclude Section 409A from applying to any such payment. Executive shall be solely responsible for the payment of any taxes and penalties incurred under Section 409A of the Code.
19.      Condition Precedent . This Agreement shall become null and void in the event that (i) the Transactions are not consummated (and shall terminate upon the termination of the Merger Agreement); (ii) Executive’s employment does not continue with the Company through the Effective Date; or (iii) Executive does not execute and return the 3DS CBC, the Dassault Systèmes Group Human Resources Data Privacy Policy, the Dassault Systèmes Anti-Corruption Policy and the Dassault Systèmes Confidentiality Policy prior to the Effective Date.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]


WHEREFORE, the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the date and year first above written.
DASSAULT SYSTÈMES SE:
By:        

    Laurence Barthès

Its:    Executive Vice President, Chief People and Information Officer
DASSAULT SYSTÈMES AMERICAS CORP.:
By:        
    Bruno Latchague
Its:    Chairman of the Board of Directors
MEDIDATA SOLUTIONS, INC.:
By:        
    Tarek A. Sherif
Its:    Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
EXECUTIVE:
By:        
    [●]


Cc.    Pascal Daloz,

    Dassault Systèmes EVP, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Strategy Officer


1112