Item 2.  Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations  

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report constitute "forward-looking statements.” These statements, identified by words such as “plan,” "anticipate,” "believe,” "estimate,” "should,” "expect" and similar expressions include our expectations and objectives regarding our future financial position, operating results and business strategy. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, general business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties; the actual results of current exploration activities; changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; changes in labour costs or other costs of production; future mineral prices; equipment or processes to operate as anticipated; accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the mining industry, including but not limited to environmental hazards, cave-ins, pit-wall failures, flooding, rock bursts and other acts of God or unfavourable operating conditions and losses; delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or in the completion of development or construction activities, as well as those factors discussed in the section titled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K which was filed with the SEC on July 27, 2016.

Forward looking statements are based on a number of material factors and assumptions, including the results of exploration and drilling activities, the availability and final receipt of required approvals, licenses and permits, that sufficient working capital is available to complete proposed exploration and drilling activities, that contracted parties provide goods and/or services on the agreed time frames, the equipment necessary for exploration is available as scheduled and does not incur unforeseen break downs, that no labour shortages or delays are incurred and that no unusual geological or technical problems occur. While we consider these assumptions may be reasonable based on information currently available to it, they may prove to be incorrect. Actual results may vary from such forward-looking information for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to risks and uncertainties disclosed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K which was filed with the SEC on July 27, 2016.

We intend to discuss in our Quarterly Reports and Annual Reports any events or circumstances that occurred during the period to which such documents relate that are reasonably likely to cause actual events or circumstances to differ materially from those disclosed in this Quarterly Report. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all of such factors and to assess in advance the impact of each such factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of such factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forwarding looking statement.

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO U.S. INVESTORS REGARDING ESTIMATES OF MEASURED, INDICATED AND INFERRED RESOURCES AND PROVEN AND PROBABLE RESERVES

The terms “mineral reserve”, “proven mineral reserve” and “probable mineral reserve” as used in this Quarterly Report are Canadian mining terms as defined in accordance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) and the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (the “CIM”) – CIM Definition Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, adopted by the CIM Council, as amended (the “CIM Definition Standards”). These definitions differ from the definitions in the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Industry Guide 7 (“SEC Industry Guide 7”) under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Under SEC Industry Guide 7 standards, a “final” or “bankable” feasibility study is required to report reserves, the three-year historical average price is used in any reserve or cash flow analysis to designate reserves, and the primary environmental analysis or report must be filed with the appropriate governmental authority.

In addition, the terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource” and “inferred mineral resource” are defined in and required to be disclosed by NI 43-101; however, these terms are not defined terms under SEC Industry Guide 7 and are normally not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of a  mineral deposit in these categories will ever be converted into reserves. “Inferred mineral resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all, or any part, of an inferred mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimates of inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource exists or is economically or legally mineable. Disclosure of unit measures in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian regulations; however, the SEC only permits issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute “reserves” by SEC standards as in place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measures.

Accordingly, information contained in this Quarterly Report and any documents incorporated by reference herein contain descriptions of our mineral deposits that may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements under the United States federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

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As used in this Quarterly Report, unless the context otherwise requires, “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “I-Minerals” refers to I-Minerals Inc.  All dollar amounts in this registration statement are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise stated.

General

We were incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada in 1984. In 2004, we changed our corporate jurisdiction from a British Columbia company to a Canadian corporation.  In December 2011, we amended our articles to change our name from “i-minerals inc.” to “I-Minerals Inc.”

The Company engaged in the development of our Helmer-Bovill industrial minerals property (the “Helmer-Bovill Property”).  The Helmer-Bovill Property, in which we hold a 100% interest, is comprised of 11 mineral leases totaling 5,140.64 acres located approximately 6 miles southwest of Bovill, Latah County, Idaho.

We acquired the Helmer-Bovill Property from Idaho Industrial Minerals (“IIM”) pursuant to an Assignment Agreement with Contingent Right of Reverter (the “IIM Agreement”) dated August 12, 2002, as amended August 10, 2005, August 10, 2008 and January 21, 2010, between I-Minerals USA (formerly Alchemy Kaolin Corporation), our wholly owned subsidiary, and IIM.  Under the terms of the IIM Agreement, we issued a total of 1,800,000 common shares to IIM.

Our principal executive office is located at Suite 880, 580 Hornby Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and our telephone number is (877) 303-6573.

To date, we have not earned significant revenues from the operation of our mineral properties.  Accordingly, we are dependent on debt and equity financing as its primary source of operating working capital.  Our capital resources are largely determined by the strength of the junior resource markets and by the status of our projects in relation to these markets, and its ability to compete for investor support of its projects.

Our Principal Projects

Our activities at the Helmer-Bovill Property are focused on developing the Bovill Kaolin Project and the WBL Tailings Project.

The Bovill Kaolin Project

Our lead project, the Bovill Kaolin Project, is a strategically located long term resource of high purity quartz, potassium feldspar (“K-spar”), halloysite and kaolinite formed through weathering of a border phase of the Idaho Batholith causing all minerals to be contained within a fine white clay-sand mixture referred to as “primary clay.” The Bovill Kaolin Project is located within 5 miles of state highways with electricity and natural gas already at the property boundary.

Since 2010, our exploration work has focused diamond drilling on the Bovill Kaolin Project.  To date, a total of 258 diamond drill holes have been drilled totaling 28,251 feet.  As a result of these drill campaigns, four deposits have been identified: Kelly’s Hump, Kelly’s Hump South, Middle Ridge and WBL.

In June 2014, we completed an updated pre-feasibility study on the Bovill Kaolin Project (the “2014 PFS”) and on March 8, 2016, we announced the economic results of our full feasibility study (the “2016 FS”), which included the following highlights:

• Updated Measured and Indicated Resource Estimate
  • Measured Resources of 5.7 million tons containing 76.5% quartz/K-spar sand, 12.3% Kaolinite and 4.0% Halloysite.
  • Indicated Resources of 15.5 million tons containing 57.0% quartz/K-spar sand, 15.5% Kaolinite and 2.8% Halloysite.
  • 667,000 tons of contained halloysite, 3,119,000 tons of contained kaolinite and 13,235,000 tons of contained quartz/K-spar.
• Updated Mineral Reserves.  All figures are in thousands of tons.

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• Economic Analysis
  • US$386 million Pre-Tax NPV; US$250 million After Tax NPV using a 6% discount rate.
  • 31.6% Pre-Tax IRR; 25.8% After Tax IRR.
  • Initial Capital Cost of $108.3 million and Total Life of Mine capital costs $120.0 million.
  • Life of Mine in excess of 25 years with a stripping ratio of 0.54:1 (waste:ore).
  • 3.7 year estimated after tax payback.

The full Feasibility Study was filed on www.sedar.com on April 20, 2016 and is available on the Company’s website.  Going forward our focus is to complete the longer lead time components of the detailed engineering, complete the permitting process with the Idaho Department of Lands and commence efforts to raise the capital necessary to build the mine.

The WBL Tailings Project

We also plan to continue limited seasonal mining operations at the WBL Tailings Project.  The WBL Tailings Project is feldspathic sands deposited as tailings from clay mining operations during the period from 1961 to 1974.  In September 2012, we received approval of our Mine Plan of Operations (“MPO”) from the Idaho Department of Lands.  The MPO allows us to mine up to 50,000 tons per annum of feldspathic sands from June to October for a period of 10 years.  Since 2013, approximately 5,000 tons of tailings was extracted and sold to a local cement company and a local contractor.  

Plan of Operation

During the next twelve to eighteen months, our plan of operation is to complete the mine permitting and get all of the longer lead time engineering tasks such as the electricity and gas planning underway.  In the interim we will continue to strengthen our customer list and continue discussions to raise the capital to fund the mine construction

Engineering work on the Bovill Kaolin Project

As recommended in the 2016 FS, we are about to begin the contemplated utility surveys and are undertaking additional pilot plant work to produce customer samples for marketing purposes and the related testwork for final equipment selection, as well as to finalize the process plant water balance and utilities consumptions.  This work together with the General and Administrative expenses related in part to our continuing financing efforts are estimated to cost about US$2,440,000 before taking into consideration any possible land swap with the IDL. 

Outlook

Our focus continues to be the detailed assessment of all of our mineral assets and advancing the Bovill Kaolin Project towards production.  With the FS now completed, the next steps are the final permitting activities with the mine permit expected late in the third calendar quarter or early in the fourth calendar quarter of 2016.

A second bulk sample has been sent to Ginn Mineral Research with separation of the clay minerals (kaolin and halloysite) now complete.  The sand fraction from the second bulk sample has been delivered to Minerals Research Laboratory at North Carolina State University (“MRL”).  Processing of the sand fraction (quartz and K-spar) from the initial bulk sample is now completed at MRL.  Samples of all quartz and K-spar products, including fine grind products, have been delivered to the Company for distribution to prospective customers for testing purposes.  The current round of pilot scale

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has also confirmed grades and separation characteristics of all areas of the deposits.  The earlier processing of the bulk samples at Ginn Mineral Research created halloysite and metakaolin products samples for marketing purposes that are also being distributed for testing purposes.  Interest from companies pursuing research and development of life science and polymer applications with our halloysite is particularly encouraging, MRL is also undertaking some optimization work on a bench scale to see how high a K ₂ O feldspar product can be produced.  Results to date are very encouraging with select bench scale results exceeding 14% K ₂ 0, a very high potassium level for any K-spar.  This work should be completed in the third calendar quarter of 2016 and is expected to transition to a multi-ton pilot plant.

Based upon opportunities identified in the Charles Rivers report, internal marketing efforts and customer leads generated through the website, strong interest has been generated in all of the Company’s mineral products with ever increasing interest in the K-spar.  Samples continue to be sent to customers for testing and the response has generally been very favorable.

Results of Operation

Three months ended July 31, 2016

We recorded a loss of $1,394,994 for the three months ended July 31, 2016 as compared to a loss of $1,659,467 for the three months ended July 31, 2016.  The decrease in the loss recorded for the three months ended July 31, 2016 as compared to the three months ended July 31, 2015 is the net result of changes to a number of expenses.  Of note are the following items:

• Management and consulting fees of $113,653 (2015 - $31,518) are comprised of fees to manage our Company and stock-based compensation.  The stock-based compensation recognized in the current period was $72,169 (2015 - $4,556).  Approximately half of the fees to manage our Company are charged to management and consulting fees and the other half is charged to mineral property expenditures.
• Mineral property expenditures of $291,509 (2015 - $684,515) are costs incurred on our Helmer-Bovill Property.  The main expenses incurred during the current period included engineering and consulting ($57,532) and mineral analysis and processing ($72,999).  We were working on completing permitting work and final pilot plant processing during the current period.  In the prior period, the Company incurred $393,191 of engineering and consulting expenditures and mineral analysis and processing of $174,024 as part of updating the feasibility study. 
• General and miscellaneous expenses of $253,879 (2015 - $157,910) are comprised of office and telephone expenses, payroll taxes, medical benefits, insurance premiums, travel expenses, promotional expenses, shareholder communication fees, transfer agent fees and filing fees.  The increase during the current period was due primarily to an increase in mineral marketing activities as well as investor relations activities.
• Professional fees of $99,236 (2015 - $155,145) include legal fees, audit fees and financial consulting fees.  The decrease in fees in the current period was due to the reduction of legal fees relating to the IIM litigation and legal fees relating to the legal action against Unimin Corporation.
•  Loss on settlement of liabilities of $nil (2015 – $31,512) represents the change in fair value of common shares between the date the Company agreed to settled liabilities for common shares and the date that the common shares were ultimately issued.  The Company used common shares to settle interest payable pursuant to promissory notes and second promissory notes.
• Accretion expense of $125,117 (2015 - $72,679) is the amortization of the fair value of bonus shares and bonus warrants issued to the lender of the promissory notes.  The bonus shares and bonus warrants are amortized over the life of the promissory notes.
• Interest expense of $354,752 (2015 - $248,451) is from promissory notes that bear interest at a rate of 12% per year.  Interest increased as additional funds were advanced.
• We recorded a loss on change in fair value of derivative liabilities of $173,334 (2015 – loss of $278,751).  The change in fair value of derivative liabilities is based on the change in remaining term of derivative instruments and our stock price.  The derivatives include warrants as well as stock options granted to non-employees.  The derivative liabilities do not represent cash liabilities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our aggregate operating, investing and financing activities during the three months ended July 31, 2016 resulted in a net cash inflow of $275,312 (2015 – inflow of $520,540).  As at July 31, 2016, we had working capital deficiency of $10,628,696, including cash of $403,665.  Subsequent to July 31, 2016, the maturity dates of the promissory notes were amended so that they are due on December 2, 2017. 

During the three months ended July 31, 2016, we used $1,023,775 on cash flows from operations before changes in non-cash operating working capital items (2015 - $1,270,890).  The decrease in these cash flows was due primarily to a 

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decrease in mineral property expenditures.  During the three months ended July 31, 2016, we spent $nil on investing activities (2015 - $nil) and we received $967,736 from financing activities (2015 - $1,500,000).

We are being financed by advances pursuant to promissory notes advanced by BV Lending LLC, an entity controlled by Allen L. Ball, a member of our Board of Directors and our largest shareholder (the “Lender”).  During the year ended April 30, 2016, the Company was receiving advances pursuant to the First Promissory Notes and the Second Promissory Notes.  As at April 30, 2016, the balance of the promissory notes was $11,044,280.  The final tranche pursuant to the Second Promissory Notes was received in May 2016.  Effective August 31, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with the Lender pursuant to which up to an additional $2,965,000 will be advanced to the Company in tranches (the “Third Promissory Notes”).  The August 31, 2016 agreement also amended the maturity date of the First Promissory Notes and the Second Promissory Notes.  The promissory notes have a modified maturity date of December 2, 2017.  Certain conditions may result in early repayment.

We do not have the ability to internally generate sufficient cash flows to support our operations for the next twelve months.  We are currently receiving funds from a company controlled by a director of the Company through promissory notes.  We have no formal plan in place to address this going concern issue but consider that we will be able to obtain additional funds by equity financing and/or debt financing; however, there is no assurance of additional funding being available.  As a result, our auditors included an emphasis of matter note in their report on the financial statements for the year ended April 30, 2016 about our ability to continue as a going concern. 

We remain dependent on additional financing to fund development requirements on the Helmer-Bovill property and for general corporate costs.  With respect to funds required for capital cost items, State-sponsored debt financing instruments may be available on attractive terms, and we intend to pursue such financial instruments to cover portions of the capital costs associated with placing the Bovill Kaolin deposits into production.  We have commenced efforts to raise the capital necessary to build the mine.

We do not have the ability to internally generate sufficient cash flows to support our operations for the next twelve months.  We are currently receiving funds from a company controlled by a director of the Company through promissory notes.  We have no formal plan in place to address this going concern issue but consider that we will be able to obtain additional funds by equity financing and/or debt financing; however, there is no assurance of additional funding being available.  As a result, our auditors have expressed substantial doubt in their auditors’ report in the financial statements for the year ended April 30, 2016 about our ability to continue as a going concern. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to shareholders.

Critical Accounting Policies

Measurement Uncertainty

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  We regularly evaluate estimates and assumptions related to the useful life and recoverability of long lived assets, stock-based compensation, valuation of convertible debentures and derivative liabilities, and deferred income tax asset valuation allowances.  We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources.  The actual results experienced by us may differ materially and adversely from our estimates.  To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.  The most significant estimates with regard to our condensed consolidated financial statements relate to the determination of fair values of derivative liabilities and stock-based transactions.

Stock-based Compensation

We account for all stock-based payments and awards under the fair value based method.  Stock-based payments to non-employees are measured at the fair value of the consideration received, or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, or liabilities incurred, whichever is more reliably measurable.

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The fair value of stock-based payments to non-employees is periodically re-measured until the counterparty performance is complete, and any change therein is recognized over the vesting period of the award and in the same manner as if we had paid cash instead of paying with or using equity based instruments.  The cost of the stock-based payments to non-employees that are fully vested and non-forfeitable as at the grant date is measured and recognized at that date, unless there is a contractual term for services in which case such compensation would be amortized over the contractual term.

We account for the granting of stock options to employees using the fair value method whereby all awards to employees will be recorded at fair value on the date of the grant.  The fair value of all stock options is expensed over their vesting period with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital.

Compensation costs for stock-based payments that do not include performance conditions are recognized on a straight-line basis. Compensation cost associated with a share based award having a performance condition is recognized on the probable outcome of that performance condition during the requisite service period. Share based awards with a performance condition are accrued on an award by award basis.

We use the Black-Scholes option valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock options at the date of the grant. Option pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected price volatility. Changes in these assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimates.

Derivative Liabilities

We evaluate our financial instruments and other contracts to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives to be separately accounted for in accordance with ASC 815. The result of this accounting treatment is that the fair value of the embedded derivative is marked-to-market at each balance sheet date and recorded as a liability and the change in fair value is recorded in the consolidated statement of loss.  Upon conversion or exercise of a derivative instrument, the instrument is marked to fair value at the conversion date and then that fair value is reclassified to equity.

The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.  Derivative instruments that become subject to reclassification are reclassified at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date.  Derivative instrument liabilities will be classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not settlement of the derivative instrument is expected within 12 months of the balance sheet date.

We use the Black-Scholes option valuation model to value derivative liabilities.  This model uses Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy established by ASC 820 Fair Value Measurement.